112 ..

6 2 - 2556

External Lightning Protection Systems
*

. . 34190

Mongkol Pusayatanont Bongkoj Sookananta*

Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ubon Ratchathani
University, Warinchamrap, Ubon Ratchathani 34190
E-mail: enbongso@ubu.ac.th

understanding of the protection system. Information

on their operations, effectiveness and standards are
provided for benefit in selection of further use of the
lightning protection system. Although, many types of
lightning protection system are not accepted by Thai
and international standards, they are utilized
worldwide and give high risk of losses to the sites of
installation.
Keywords: Lightning occurrence, lightning
protection system, franklin rod, faraday cage, early
steamer emission

1.

[1]
-


Abstract
This article reviews lightning protection system
outside structures, especially the air terminal which 3
is installed at the top of the protected structure.
There are several types of lightning air terminal
including Franklin rod, Faraday cage, Early Streamer
Emission (ESE), Dissipation Array System (DAS)
and Semi-conductor Lightning Eliminator (SLE).
Lightning occurrence is given for better [2]
 .. 6 2 - 2556 113

1

2




(franklin rod)
(faraday cage) (early steamer emission-
enhanced ionizing air terminal)
(semi-conductor lightning eliminator)
1 [3] (dissipation array system)





[5]
2

[3]


18







(surge
protection) 2.

[4]
(IEEE)


(air
terminal)

114 .. 6 2 - 2556

3.


50% (conventional system)


45% (unconventional system)
3 -
4
(step-leader)


3 45.7 3.1
150 [6-7]




4

EE-UBU 5
3 [8- 9]
[10-11]
12.7 25.4

1.5 2
[6] (point
discharge)

10
20 400
30,000 [4, 6] 5

 .. 6 2 - 2556 115

JUS N. B4. 811 6

r = 150

[12]
8

[13]

( )
6 [12]
1970

45
7 zone cone of
protection [6] (electrogeometric model) [14]

[14-15]
D = kI m (1)
D

I
k m
E. R.
7 Love [14, 16]
D = 10I0.65 (2)

(2) 10

D 150

D
(rolling ball) (rolling sphere)


9
8

150

8

116 .. 6 2 - 2556

D


[15]

3.3

9

3.2


[21]


(mesh method)




3 [1]


[17]





3.2 195
5
10
11 [18]




IEC61024
EIT2009-53 55
98
20
1515
90 45 10
[19-20]
 .. 6 2 - 2556 117

226 60
241 85 210
1 [6] [29]

1 3 [1]

(papal crest) . 1976
22
NFPA [30]
[22] .. 2011 [31]
L 106 T (3) ..

L 1997 2003 [32]
.. 2001
. 2002 [5]
T .. 2005 [33]
.. 2012 [34] 20
[5, 32, 33, 35]
Helita Pulsar
NFC
10 50 [23] 17-102 (INERIS)


D + L D -
(1)
[33]
(CVM,
Collection Volume Method)

[24-25] ( Air Terminal Placement method)

[26]
[36]
[27] CIGRE
(international council on large electric systems) [37]


[28]
2 [23]



118 .. 6 2 - 2556

[26]
106


3.4
Dissipation Array System (DAS) 3.5
(semi-
conductor lightning eliminator)
12
11
99

6 [39]

[21-22]

5 10
5000

.. 2006 [40]



(CTS, Charge Transfer System) [5]


PAR1576
IEEE .. 2004 [38]
12 [5]
.. 1989 2005
NFPA780 4.
[33]


The
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) [41]

11
.. 1906
100
IEC IEC
 .. 6 2 - 2556 119

61024 ..1993
IEC 2007
BS6651
[22] IEC .. 1985 .. 2008
62305 [33] IEC 61024 .. 2006 BS62305 [46]
IEC
(air terminal placement method) 1: (part 1: general
principles)
2: (Part 2: risk
management)



NFPA780 3:
National Fire Protection Association (part 3: physical damage to
(NFPA) structures and life hazard)

NFPA781
NFPA 4:
.. 1995 (part 4: electrical and electronic systems
within structures)
[42]
NFPA MS939
NFPA781 [43] IEC
.. 1995 17 MS-IEC61024 [5]
CP33
(international conference on lightning .. 1985 .. 1996
protection) 15 [47]

12
14 [48]
IEC
.. 2011
NFPA EIT2007-53
[44] 1 [49]
EIT2008-53
AS/NZS1768 .. 1991 2 [50]
EIT2009-53
3
.. 2003 [45] [20]
120 .. 6 2 - 2556

EIT2010-53 9 .

4
[51]
22 .
5-2 5 3 X

44 .

5. 14
..

NFC
17-102
60
60 15
20
13 .. 2556
= 60 .

19.4 .
15.4 .
13
15

..

15








13 16

19.4 .
7 44 15.4 .

16
14

..
 .. 6 2 - 2556 121

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