LUCRAREA NR.

17

REGISTRE

6FRSXOOXFU ULL

/XFUDUHDvúLSURSXQHVWXGLHUHDWXWXURUUHJLPXULORUGHOXFUXDOHUHJLVWUXOXL

XQLYHUVDOELGLUHF LRQDOGHEL L61ILJ$ DQH[ 

-

2. Aspecte teoretice

*HQHUDOLW L

Registrele sunt circuitHHOHFWURQLFHFDUHSHUPLWVWRFDUHDúLVDXGHSODVDUHD

unor cuvinte de cod binar.
3RUQLQGGHODDFHDVW GHILQL LHUHJLVWUHOHVHSRWFODVLILFDvQUHJLVWUHSDUDOHO

(de stocare), registre de deplasare serie, registre combinate (serie-paralel sau

paralel-serieúLUHJLVWUHXQLYHUVDOH

2.2. Registrul paralel

Registrul paralel (de stocare, tampon), fig. 17.1, este format din n bistabili de
WLS'DF LRQD LVLQFURQGHXQWDFWFRPXQ

Fig. 17. l. Schema JHQHUDO DXQXLUHJLVWUXSDUDOHO

 În momentul aSOLF ULLWDFWXOXLFXYkQWXOELQDUGHQEL LSUH]HQWODLQWU ULOH
I0,11(..., In.1HVWHvQVFULVvQFHOHQFHOXOHGHPHPRULHúLSRDWHILFLWLWODLHúLULOH
Q0,Q1,.......Qn+1.
)XQF LDSULQFLSDO DXQXLDVWIHOGHUHJLVWUXHVWHDFHHDGHDVWRFDWHPSRUDU

anumite cRQILJXUD LLELQDUHvQVFRSXOXQXLDFFHVXúRUODHOHvQYHGHUHD

SUHOXFU ULL

5HJLVWUXOSDUDOHOHVWHPHPRULD]RQHORUGHYLWH] PD[LP GLQWU -un sistem

digital de prelucrare a datelor.

2.3. Registrul de deplasare

Registrul de deplasare serie, fig. 17.2, este format din 4 bistabili de tip D
Master-Slave.

)LJ6FKHPDJHQHUDO DXQXLUHJLVWUXGHGHSODVDUHVHULH

vQWLPSXOIXQF LRQ ULLODWFK XULOHGHWLSPDúWHUVXQWGHVFKLVHVLPXOWDQ

-
pentru CLK=0, cele de tip "slave" fiind închise, în timpul traQ]L LHLGLQ2vQO
a semnalului de CLK, latch-XULOHPDúWHUVHEORFKHD] LDUFHOHVODYHVH
GHVFKLGúLSULPHVFLQIRUPD LDGLQPDúWHU6HUHPDUF IDSWXOF vQQLFLXQ

PRPHQWQXH[LVW RFDOHGHVFKLV vQWUHLQWUDUHDúLLHúLUHDUHJLVWUXOXL

Pe baza schePHLGLQILJSXWHPVFULHXUP WRDUHOHUHOD LL

D0uTn=Q3n=D3n-1=Q2n-1=D2n-2=Q1n-2=D1n-3=Q0n-3=D0n-4=DINn-4
(17.1.)
6HREVHUY F LQIRUPD LD'ADMXQJHODLHúLUHDUHJLVWUXOXLGXS LPSXOVXULGH

tact.
Registrele de deplasare pot fi conVWUXLWHDWkWvQYDULDQWHVWDWLFHFkWúL
GLQDPLFHvQFD]XOVWUXFWXULORUGLQDPLFHYDWUHEXLLPSXV RIUHFYHQ PLQLP 

DVHPQDOXOXLGHFHDVSHQWUXFDGDWHOHvQVFULVHvQFHOXOHOHGHPHPRUDUHV VH

SRDW UHJHQHUDVLJXUSULQWUDQVIHUXOvQFHOXOHOHXUP WRDUH

Registrele de deplasare serie pot fi utilizate ca memorii cu acces serie (SAR

-6HULDO$FFHV0HPRU\5HJLVWHU(OHVXQWFRQVWUXLWHSHQWUXXQQXP UIRDUWH

PDUHGHEL LFUHúWHUHDQXP UXOXLGHFHOXOHGHPHPRUDUHQHDYkQGQLFLXQIHO

GHLPSOLFD LLDVXSUDQXP UXOX i de conexiuni externe ale integratului.

2.4. Registre combinate

&HOHGRX WLSXULGHUHJLVWUHWUDWDWHPDLVXVVXQWXWLOL]DWHvQDSOLFD LLvQFDUH

transferul datelor se face fie numai paralel, fie numai serie.

Registrele combinate permit trecerea de la trDQVIHUXOSDUDOHOODFHOVHULHúL
invers.
vQILJSUH]HQW PXQUHJLVWUXFRPELQDWSDUDOHO-serie sau serie-paralel)

GHEL L

)LJ6FKHPDJHQHUDO DXQXLUHJLVWUXSDUDOHO -serie sau serie-paralel

Pentru S/P = O, sunt deschiseSRU LOHúLGDWHOHGHLQWUDUH,0, Il I2, I3 au acces

ODLQWU ULOHFHORUELVWDELOHvQF UFDUHDSDUDOHODUHORFvQPRPHQWXODSOLF ULL

impulsului de CLK.
‡3HQWUX63 OUHJLVWUXOUHDOL]HD] RGHSODVDUHVHULHDGDWHORUGHODVWkQJDOD

dreapta, cu câte un bit pentru fiecare impuls de CLK.

5HJLVWUXOIXQF LRQHD] FDXQFRQYHUWRUSDUDOHO -serie, datele fiind introduse
SDUDOHOODLQWU ULOH,0,
Il I2, I3úLILLQGH[WUDVHVHULHODLHúLUHD626HULDO
Output) a circuitului.
În regim de convertor serie-paralel, datHOHVHLQWURGXFGHRPDQLHU VHULDO OD

LQWUDUHD6,6HULDO,QSXWúLVXQWH[WUDVHSDUDOHOODLHúLULOHQ0,Q1, Q2 Q3.

5HJLVWUXOXQLYHUVDOELGLUHF LRQDOGHEL L

5HJLVWUXOXQLYHUVDOELGLUHF LRQDOGHEL L61ILJDFRSHU 

practic toate variantele de registre prezentate anterior.

&DUDFWHULVWLFLOHIXQF LRQDOHDOHDFHVWXLWLSGHUHJLVWUXVXQWSUH]HQWDWHvQ

WDEHOXOGHIXQF LRQDUH - tab. 17.1.

)LJ5HJLVWUXOXQLYHUVDOELGLUHF LRQDOGHEL L61

CircuitulLQWHJUDW61SUH]LQW FRPHQ]LORJLFHVSHFLDOHFDUH -i sporesc

GRPHQLXOGHDSOLFDELOLWDWH)XQF LRQDUHDVLQFURQ DFLUFXLWXOXLHVWH

GHWHUPLQDW GHFHOHGRX LQWU ULGHVHOHF LHDPRGXOXLGHOXFUX60úL61 .

'XS FXPUH]XOW úLGLQWDEHOXOGHIXQF LRQDUHGDWHOHSRWILLQWURGXVHúL

deplasate de la stânga la dreapta, de la dreapta la stânga, sau introduse

SDUDOHOvQF UFkQGVLPXOWDQvQUHJLVWUXWR LFHLEL L'DF DPEHOHLQWU ULGH

VHOHF LH60úL61 sunt în stare "jos", datele existente în registru suntS VWUDWH

Terminalei RI5LJKW,QSXWúL/,/HIW,QSXWVXQWLQWU ULVHULDOHSHQWUX

GHSODVDUHDODGUHDSWDUHVSHFWLYODVWkQJDDGDWHORUúLQXLQWHUIHUHD] vQQLFL

XQIHOFXRSHUD LXQHDGHvQF UFDUHSDUDOHODGDWHORU

,QWU ULOHGHVHOHF LHúLGHGDWHWUHEXLHV VHVWDELOL]H]HFXXQDQXPLWLQWHUYDO

GHWLPSvQDLQWHDDSDUL LHLIURQWXOXLSR]LWLYDO&/.HOHGHYHQLQGDFWLYH

QXPDLGXS DFHVWPRPHQW

7DE7DEHOXOGHIXQF LRQDUHDOUHJLVWUXOXLXQLYHUVDO61

Mod de ,QWU UL ,HúLU i

operare CLK CL S1 S0 RI LI In Qo Q1 Q2 Q3
ùWHUJHUH X L X X X X X L L L L
Hold X H l(b) l(b) X X X q0 q1 q2 q3
Deplasare H h l(b) X l X q1 q2 q3 L
la stânga TJ h l(b) X h X q1 q2 q3 H
Deplasare H Kb) h 1 X X L q0 q1 q2
la dreapta H l(b) h h X X H q0 q1 q2
vQF UFDUH

paralel H h h X X in i1 i2 i3 i4

H = nivel de tensiune ridicat;

K LGHPVWDELOLWDQWHULRUWUDQ]L LHL/ —>H a CLK;
L = nivel de tensiune coborât;
l LGHPVWDELOLWDQWHULRUWUDQ]L LHL/—>H a CLK;
in(qn) VW ULOHLQWU ULORUVDXLHúLULORUVWDELOLWHDQWHULRUWUDQ]L LHL/->H a
CLK;
X = indiferent;
WUDQ]L LH/->H a CLK.

1RW E7UDQ]L LD+-!/DLQWU ULORU60úL61WUHEXLHV VHSURGXF QXPDLvQ

WLPSFH&/.HVWH+SHQWUXRSHUD LLFRQYHQ LRQDOH

 1. 'HVI úXUDUHDOXFU ULL

Pentru studierea registrelor prezentate în cadrul paragrafului 2, se va utiliza

SODWIRUPDGHODERUDWRUúLFLUFXLWXOLQWHJUDW61ILJ$-DQH[ 

&RQH[LXQLOHQHFHVDUHSHQWUXEXQDGHVI úXUDUHDOXFU ULLVXQW

-,HúLULOHGLYL]RUXOXLGHIUHFYHQ ')1vQUHJLPGHQXP U WRUFRPDQGDWSULQ

FTM1FXLQWU ULOHGHGDWHDOH61DVWIHO
A0(B-4)-I0(3); A1 (B-5) –I1 (4); A2 (B-6) –I2 (5); A3 (B-7) –I3 (6);
-,HúLULOHGLYL]RUXOXLGHIUHFYHQ ')2vQUHJLPGHQXP U WRUFRPDQGDWSULQ
FTM2.FXLQWU ULOHGHVHOHF LHDOH61DVWIHO
B0(B-14)-S0(9); B1(B-15)-S1 (10);
-&HOHGRX WDVWHGHUH]HUY GLQEORFXO%7DLSODWIRUPHLSULPDFRQHFWDW OD
+ iar cea de-DGRXDODPDV FXWHUPLQDOHleGH&/.úL&/DOH&,61
74194;
- Circuitele de semnalizare C0, C1, C2úL&3 din blocul BS al platformei, cu
LHúLULOH40 (15), Q1 (14), Q2úL43 (12) ale SN 74194;

-%RUQHOHVXUVHLGHDOLPHQWDUHGH9FXSLQLLGHDOLPHQWDUHúLDL
SN74194.

3.1. Studiul registrului paralel

3.1.1. Se cuplea] WHQVLXQHDGHDOLPHQWDUHúLVHUHVHWHD] GLYL]RDUHOHGH

IUHFYHQ úLFHLELVWDELOLGLQUHJLVWUX

$F LRQkQGUHSHWDWWDVWD702VHIL[HD] LQWU ULOHGHVHOHF LH61 S0 = 11,

WUHFkQGUHJLVWUXOvQPRGXOGHRSHUDUHvQF UFDUHSDUDOHO

$F LRQkQG TM1VHVWDELOHúWHRDQXPLW FRQILJXUD LHORJLF DFHORU

EL LGHLQWUDUH,3I2I1I0).

$F LRQkQGWDVWDGH&/.REVHUY PWUDQVIHUXOGDWHORUGHODLQWU ULOH

I3I2I1I0ODLHúLULOH43Q2Q1Q0 ale registrului.

6HUHSHW RSHUD LLOHGHVFULVHODSFWúLSHQWUXGLYHUVH

FRPELQD LLGHLQWUDUH

3.2. Studiul registrului de deplasare serie

6HUHVHWHD] GLYL]RDUHOHGHIUHFYHQ úLFHLELVWDELOLGLQUHJLVWUX

$F LRQkQGUHSHWDWWDVWD702VHIL[HD] LQWU ULOHVHVHOHF LH61 S0 = 01,

trecând registrul în modul de lucru "deplasare la dreapta".
6HFRQHFWHD] LQWUDUHDVHULDO SHQWUXGHSODVDUHDODGUHDSWD5,ODO

logic.
$F LRQkQGvQPRGUHSHWDWWDVWD&/.VHXUP UHúWHPRGXOvQFDUH

HYROXHD] LHúLULOH40 Q1Q2Q3 (OOOO->1000->1100->1110->1111).

6HUHSHW SXQFWHOH ÷ 3.2.4 pentru S1S0 úL/,FRQHFWDWODO

ORJLFúLVHREVHUY IXQF LRQDUHDUHJLVWUXOXLvQUHJLPGHGHSODVDUHGHOD

dreapta la stânga (0000->0001 ->0011 ->0111 ->1111).

3.3. Studiul registrului (convertorului) paralel-serie

8UPkQGSDúLLGHVFULúLODSXQFWXOVHvQVHQHvQUHJLVWUXR

FRPELQD LHELQDU GHH[HPSOX

3.3.2. Punând S1S0 REVHUY PLHúLUHDVHULDO DGDWHORUODSLQXO52VXE

DF LXQHDLPSXOVXOXLGHW act.
3.3.3. Punând S1 S0 REVHUY PLHúLUHDVHULDO DGDWHORUODSLQXO/2VXE

DF LXQHDLPSXOVXOXLGHWDFW

3.4. Studiul registrului (convertorului) serie-paralel

6HGHFRQHFWHD] LHúLULOH')1GHODLQWU ULOH,0 ,I1, I2,13DOHUHJLVWUXOXLúL

se FRQHFWHD] LHúLUHD$0 (B-4) a DF1ODLQWUDUHDVHULDO 5,DUHJLVWUXOXL

$F LRQkQGUHSHWDWWDVWD702VHIL[HD] LQWU ULOHGHVHOHF LH61 S0=01.

6HUHVHWHD] ELVWDELOLLUHJLVWUXOXL

$F LRQkQGVXFFHVLY701úL&/.VHYDvQVFULHVHULDOde la stânga la

GUHDSWDRVXFFHVLXQHGH2úLODVWIHO->1000->0100->1010->0101.

3RVLELOLWDWHDFLWLULLSDUDOHODDFHVWHLFRPELQD LLORJLFHHVWHHYLGHQW 

3.4.5. Experimentul poate fi repetat pentru verificarea înscrierii seriale de la

dreapta la stâQJDSULQFRQHFWDUHDLHúLULL$0 (B-4) a lui DF1 la intrarea LI (7)
DUHJLVWUXOXLúLIL[DUHDFRPELQD LHL61S0=10.

&RQ LQXWXOUHIHUDWXOXL

6FKHPDUHJLVWUXOXLXQLYHUVDOELGLUHF LRQDOGHEL L - SN 74194 (fig.

17.4);
7DEHOXOGHIXQF LRQDUHWDE
. 17.1);
4.3. Schemele bloc necesare pentru realizarea experimentelor, completate
FXQXP UXOSLQLORUUHVSHFWLYL

2EVHUYD LLSHUVRQDOHDOHVWXGHQWXOXL