Akademikong Pagsulat Estilong Akademiko

 2 Uri ng Akda  Pagkilala sa sanggunian

Personal at Malikhain-paglikha ng tula, dula, nobela, maikling kwento at  Impersonal na tono

malikhaing sanaysay
 Malinaw na pangungusap
*Produkto nito ang binasang panitikan
 Lohikal at sistematikong pagpapaunlad ng ideya
Akademikong Pagsulat-nagluluwal ng mga pormal na sulatin, ulat,
eksperimento, imbestigasyon, pagsusuri o kritisismo, rebyu, pamanahong  Paggamit ng pormal na wika
papel, tesis, disertasyon, sanaysay, tungkol sa kasaysayan, manwal at  Maingat na paggamit ng mga daglat at akronim
mapanuring sanaysay
 Kredibilidad
 Akademikong sulatin- mas lantad ang organisasyon at estruktura
University of Monash-Dapat iwasan
*ginagabayan ng mga teorya at pormal na tono-pormal na wika
 Maraming paglalarawan o deskripsyon at kulang sa pagsusuri o
*sumasailalim sa istriktong kombensiyon ng pagbabantas, pagbabaybay at analisis
gramatika
 Mahinang estruktura ng mga pangungusap sa talata
Malikhaing Pagsulat- malaya ang pagpili ng wika-maaaring lalawiganin,
balbal o kumbersasyonal  Paggamit ng impormal na wika tulad ng kumbersasyonal, kolokyal,
balbal
Estruktura ng Akademikong Sulatin
 Paggamit ng maraming sipi na hindi na makita ang orihinal na
 Simula-kadalasang tinatalakay ang ang papaksain ng mananaliksik pananaw ng mananaliksik
at ang kahalagahan nito, is ibahagigayundinang layunin
 Maling paggamit ng mga sipi
 Pangunahing Pahayag (tesis statement) o ang tema
 Kakulangan sa sanggunian
 Katawan-pagtalakay, pagsusuri, at ebalwasyon
 Maling paraan ng pagkilala sa mga sinangguning teksto
 Konklusyon o pagtatapos- nababasa ang buod at ang mahahalagang
puntong nais ibahagi ng isang manunulat.  Pag-angkin ng ideya ng iba nang walang anumang pagkilala sa
orihinal na awtor
 *maaaring may rekomendasyon
 Hindi epektibong pagpapakahulugan sa ibang pangungusap
 FORMAL vs INFORMAL LANGUAGE REQUESTING INFORMATION

APOLOGISING

FORMAL INFORMAL
FORMAL INFORMAL
I would really appreciate it if you Can you send me the train times?
I would just like to apologise I'm really sorry I forgot your
could forward the train times to me.
forforgetting your birthday. birthday.

THANKING
EXPLAINING

FORMAL INFORMAL
FORMAL INFORMAL
I just want to express my sincere Thanks a lot for everything you did for
The first step would be to What you need to do is... thanks for all you have done. us.

SUGGESTING

EXPRESSING ENTHUSIASM FORMAL INFORMAL

FORMAL INFORMAL I recommend going to a Spanish You really must go to a Spanish

restaurant. restaurant.
I would just like to say I think that I think that's fantastic news!
is excellent news.

Formal Informal

EXPRESSING PREFERENCES  appear seem

 ascend climb
FORMAL INFORMAL
 assist help
I would rather visit... I'd really prefer to visit...
 cease stop

 Commence begin
 consume use  repeatedly again and again

 decrease shorten  subsequently next

 demonstrate show  therefore so

 depart go  comprehension understanding

 desire want  deficiency lack

 Enquire ask  opportunity chance

 finish end  perspiration sweat

 Inform tell  residence house

 obtain get  vision sight

 preserve keep  amiable friendly

 reject say no  complete whole

 release free  energetic lively

 repair mend  fortunate lucky

 Require need  immature childish

 reside live  incorrect wrong

 retain keep  inferior worse

 finally in the end  inexpensive cheap

 immediately at once  indistinct dim

 initially at first  insane mad

 intermittently on and off  relaxed laid back

 principally mainly  Responsible in charge

 sufficient enough 8. RESPONSIBILITY-
you are responsible for demonstrating an understanding of the
 superior better source text
 transparent clear -responsible for, and must be able to provide evidence and
justification for, any claims you make.
 vacant empty This is done by paraphrasing and summarising what you read and
acknowledging the source of this information or ideas by a system
of citation.
FEATURES OF ACADEMIC WRITING
9.ORGANIZATION- Academic writing is well organised. It flows
1. complexity-Written language is grammatically more complex easily from one section to the next in a logical fashion
than spoken language.
10. PLANNING- Academic writing is well planned. It usually takes
2. FORMALITY-Academic writing is relatively formal. In general this place after research and evaluation, according to a specific purpose
means that in an essay you should avoid colloquial words and and plan.
expressions.
ACADEMIC PAPER
3.PRECISION- In academic writing, facts and figures are given
INTRODUCTION
precisely.
The introduction of an academic paper is usually 1-2 paragraphs long –
4. OBJECTIVITY-Written language is in general objective rather than
longer for longer papers with more background information. In general,
personal. This means that the main emphasis should be on the
your introduction should do the following things:
information that you want to give and the arguments you want to
make, rather than you. Gain the immediate attention of the audience.

5. EXPLICITNESS- It is explicit in its signposting of the organization of Here are some (but not all) of the ways to start an interesting and relevant
the ideas in the text introduction:

6. ACCURACY-In academic writing you need to be accurate in your 1. Short anecdote that leads to your topic
use of vocabulary. You also need to be accurate in your use of
grammar. 2. Surprising statement/fact that relates to your topic

7. Hedging -the concept of cautious language 3. Quotation from a famous person or expert that introduces your topic
it is necessary to make decisions about your stance on a particular 4. Brief and INTERESTING historical review of your topic
subject, or the strength of the claims you are making
5. Statement which stresses the importance of your topic
6. Contradiction – someone else’s opinion (opposite of yours) about your
topic
 Do NOT be boring!
 Use the first sentence (often called the “hook sentence”) to hook
the readers’ interest.
 Do NOT be too general!
 Immediately dive into your specific topic; don’t waste space with a
general introduction of the entire subject area.
 Remember that your audience is familiar with the subject area.
 And never start with the origins of humankind: “Since the beginning
of history”!
 Do NOT begin with your thesis idea! Use the introduction to build
up to your thesis statement, so it comes with a little tension.
 Provide any necessary background information or definition of any
terms.
 Give only the history, facts, or definitions that readers will need to
understand your topic and thesis. Keep in mind what the audience
already knows.
 Use facts/statistics to show the problem if necessary.
 Avoid dictionary and encyclopedia definitions if possible and explain
in your own words what the important concepts in your paper
mean.
 Use source information to provide background information, but not
to answer the research question or give your opinion. Make sure
that the readers now know enough to follow your paper, but not
too much that they have lost the focus of your paper.
 Briefly introduce the main points (sections) of the paper In
academic writing, the writer lets the reader know what to expect.
 Provide a brief overview of your paper’s main points.
 Do NOT support or try to prove these points.
 Do not go into depth.
 Do NOT just write a one-sentence list of your points. You can't
summarize a great idea in one word.
 Have a thesis statement (often the last sentence) This guide has
covered the thesis statement already, but because it’s the most
important sentence of your paper, we’ll go over it again. In the
thesis,
 Answer the research question in a clear, straightforward statement.
 Make sure the purpose and point of view of your paper are clear.
 Do NOT write a long, wordy, confusing thesis statement (especially
do not try to include all of your main points).
 Do NOT announce your intentions. Avoid “This paper will prove…”
or “I’m going to write about…” Don’t tell the audience what you are
going to do; just do it.
BODY PARAGRAPHS
Body paragraphs can be written in many ways, depending on your purpose.
However, each paragraph should have ONE point which supports the thesis
statement. Most body paragraphs will have:
Topic Sentence
Usually, but not always, the first sentence of the paragraph. If it’s not the
first sentence, it should be very clear which sentence is the topic sentence.
• It introduces the paragraph's main idea, makes your point about
this idea, and relates to the thesis statement.

• The topic sentence connects to the previous paragraph.

• The topic sentence is NOT a fact. It has a point of view.

• The topic sentence is NOT something from a source. It is your idea.

• Every sentence in the paragraph will support this topic sentence.