B3-B2 Length(mm) Breadth (mm) Area(mm2) Load(KN) Factored load( c/c distance(m)

Column A (A4) 304.8 304.8 92903.04 305.000 457.5 3.048

Column B (B4) 304.8 304.8 92903.04 358.000 537
Safe Bearing pressure = 150 KN/m2 663.000 994.5
Concrete Grade= M 20
Steel Grade= Fe 500
4267.2

i) Selecting trial footing depths:

Assume footing thickness= 18in 457.2 mm 3048 1066.8 914.4

A CG B B= 2133.6 304.8

ii) Proportioning footing dimensions: 304.8 1402.2 1066.8 914.4

Area required, Areq= 4.42 m2
Then, BL1+BL2= 7.80 m2
L1= 1524.0 L2= 2133.60
The distance from the resultant of the column forces to the center of column B is given as:
x'= 1.402 m
Center of gravity of the two footings should coincide with the resultant of the two column loads to ensure uniform soil pressure below the two
footings
Taking moments of footing areas about the center of column B;
x'= BL1( 3.2004 -L1/2 )
(BL1+BL2)
1.402 =BL1( 3.2004 -L1/2
7.80
Let, B= 2.1336 m 7.00ft
From quadratic equation,
a= 1.0668
b= -6.82837344
c= 10.94
Solving.
L1= Err:502 rejected
Err:502 approved
Assume, L1= 1.52 m 5.00ft
L2= 2.13 Area= 7.8038554 m2 Ok
Assume, L2= 2.13 m 7.00ft

column Area Req Area prov

A 2.03 3.25 OK
B 2.39 4.55 OK

iii)Evaluation of factored net soil pressure under the footings:

qu(net)= 127.44 KN/m2

iv)Design column footings for beam shear and moment:

Effective depth,d= 401.2 mm

A-Exterior footing:
Shear force, Vu= 99.67 KN
Shear stressTv= 0.16 N/mm2

B-Interior footing:
Shear force, Vu= 139.54 KN
Shear stressTv= 0.16 N/mm2

Provided percentage area of tension steel, p = 0.19 %

Permissible shear stress, tc = 0.33 N/mm2 > 0.16 N/mm2 O.K.

Punching shear need not to be considered due to presence of the strap beam

Bending Moment
A-Exterior footing:
Bending moment, Mu= 81.2 KNm
Effective depth required,d= 138.94 mm OK

Ast required
a= 7.136
b= -174522
c= 81193821.43
Solving.
ASt= 23982.71 rejected
474.44 mm2 total approved
311.31 mm2/m

Provide ø 12 mm bars 150 mm c/c

steel = 753.6 mm2 > required ok

B-interior footing:
Bending moment, Mu= 113.7 KNm
Effective depth required,d= 138.94 mm

Ast required
a= 5.097
b= -174522
c= 113671350.00
Solving.
ASt= 33575.80 rejected
664.21 mm2 total approved
311.31 mm2/m

Provide ø 12 mm bars 150 mm c/c

steel = 753.6 mm2 > required ok 271.90 271.90

Min. area of steel @ 0.2 % = 731.26 mm2

Provide ø 12 mm bars 150 mm c/c at both top and bottom, giving area of
steel = 753.60 mm2 > required ok

v)Design of strap beam for moment and shear:

For moment and shear
Let breadth of beam= 0.3556 m 14in
Let depth of beam= 0.635 m 25in
Effective depth= 575 mm
Shear forces at:
A 0 KN 0
 B -41.44 KN 41.4375
C 416.06 KN 416.0625
D 0 KN 0
E 43.125 KN 43.125 43.125 KN
F -246.94 KN 246.9375
G 290.06 290.0625 246.94
H 0 0 B E F
Maximum moment occurs where SF is zero.ie at y 41.4 D 43.1
Moments at different points are given as: A H
y= 1.24 m y G
290.06
A 0 KNm hogging moment -ve C
B -3.16 KNm 416.06
D 303.94 KNm
E 311.75 KNm
F -46.01 KNm 416.06 = 43.13
G -154.72 KNm y 1.3716 -y
H 0 KNm 303.94
311.75
Effective depth required for beam= 556.49 mm 21.909194
Ok -46.01
Ast required at point of maximum sagging moment ie at D
-3.16 -154.72
a= 30.582
b= -250125
c= 303942244.61
Solving.
ASt= 6694.13 rejected
1484.67 mm2 total approved

Provide ø 20 mm bars, No. reqd.= 4.73

16 mm bars, No. reqd.= 1.13
Provide 4 nos. of 20 mm bars Ast provided= 1256.6 mm2
2 nos. of 16 mm bars Ast provided= 402.1 mm3
1658.8
 OK
Ast required at point of maximum hogging moment ie at G

a= 30.582
b= -250125
c= 154719337.50
Solving.
ASt= 7504.67 rejected
674.13 mm2 total approved

Provide ø 20 mm bars, No. reqd.= 2.15

12 mm bars, No. reqd.= -5.15
Provide 4 nos. of 20 mm bars Ast provided= 1256.6 mm2
0 nos. of 12 mm bars Ast provided= 0.0 mm3
1256.6
OK
Check for shear
Shear force,Vu= 416.06 KN
Shear stress,Tv= 2.03 N/mm2
Provided percentage area of tension steel, p = 0.61 %
Permissible shear stress, tc = 0.517 N/mm2 < 2.03 N/mm2 O.K.
Shear reinforcement is required. Shear reinforcement shall be provided to carry
a shear force of
Vus = Vu - tc . bw . D = 310420 N
Assuming f 8 mm 4-legged vertical stirrups having area of steel, Asv = 200.96 mm2

Spacing, S = 175 mm c/c

Hence provide f 8 mm 4-legged vertical stirrups @ 175 mm c/c at support and
175 mm c/c at mid span
B3-B2 Length(mm) Breadth (mm) Area(mm2) Load(KN) Factored load( c/c distance(m)
Column A (A4) 355.6 355.6 126451.36 451.000 676.5 3.5052
Column B (B4) 355.6 355.6 126451.36 586.000 879
Safe Bearing pressure = 150 KN/m2 1037.000 1555.5
Concrete Grade= M 20
Steel Grade= Fe 500
4749.8

i) Selecting trial footing depths:

Assume footing thickness= 18in 457.2 mm 3505.2 1066.8 889

A CG B B= 2133.6 355.6

ii) Proportioning footing dimensions: 355.6 1524.4 1066.8 889

Area required, Areq= 6.91 m2
Then, BL1+BL2= 7.80 m2
L1= 1524.0 L2= 2133.60
The distance from the resultant of the column forces to the center of column B is given as:
x'= 1.524 m
Center of gravity of the two footings should coincide with the resultant of the two column loads to ensure uniform soil pressure below the two
footings
Taking moments of footing areas about the center of column B;
x'= BL1( 3.683 -L1/2 )
(BL1+BL2)
1.524 =BL1( 3.683 -L1/2
7.80
Let, B= 2.1336 m 7.00ft
From quadratic equation,
a= 1.0668
b= -7.8580488
c= 11.90
Solving.
L1= 5.24 rejected
2.13 approved
Assume, L1= 1.52 m 5.00ft
L2= 2.13 Area= 7.8038554 m2 Ok
Assume, L2= 2.13 m 7.00ft

column Area Req Area prov

A 3.01 3.25 OK
B 3.91 4.55 OK

iii)Evaluation of factored net soil pressure under the footings:

qu(net)= 199.32 KN/m2

iv)Design column footings for beam shear and moment:

Effective depth,d= 401.2 mm

A-Exterior footing:
Shear force, Vu= 148.18 KN
Shear stressTv= 0.24 N/mm2

B-Interior footing:
Shear force, Vu= 207.45 KN
Shear stressTv= 0.24 N/mm2

Provided percentage area of tension steel, p = 0.19 %

Permissible shear stress, tc = 0.33 N/mm2 > 0.24 N/mm2 O.K.

Punching shear need not to be considered due to presence of the strap beam

Bending Moment
A-Exterior footing:
Bending moment, Mu= 120.0 KNm
Effective depth required,d= 168.93 mm OK

Ast required
a= 7.136
b= -174522
c= 120038151.04
Solving.
ASt= 23748.83 rejected
708.33 mm2 total approved
464.78 mm2/m

Provide ø 12 mm bars 150 mm c/c

steel = 753.6 mm2 > required ok

B-interior footing:
Bending moment, Mu= 168.1 KNm
Effective depth required,d= 168.93 mm

Ast required
a= 5.097
b= -174522
c= 168053411.46
Solving.
ASt= 33248.36 rejected
991.66 mm2 total approved
464.78 mm2/m

Provide ø 12 mm bars 150 mm c/c

steel = 753.6 mm2 > required ok 425.28 425.28

Min. area of steel @ 0.2 % = 731.26 mm2

Provide ø 12 mm bars 150 mm c/c at both top and bottom, giving area of
steel = 753.60 mm2 > required ok

v)Design of strap beam for moment and shear:

For moment and shear
Let breadth of beam= 0.4572 m 18in
Let depth of beam= 0.635 m 25in
Effective depth= 575 mm
Shear forces at:
A 0 KN 0
 B -75.61 KN 75.614583
C 600.89 KN 600.88542
D 0 KN 0
E 28.375 KN 28.375 28.375 KN
F -425.31 KN 425.3125
G 453.69 453.6875 425.31
H 0 0 B E F
Maximum moment occurs where SF is zero.ie at y 75.6 D 28.4
Moments at different points are given as: A H
y= 1.29 m y G
453.69
A 0 KNm hogging moment -ve C
B -6.72 KNm 600.89
D 414.33 KNm
E 416.83 KNm
F -30.27 KNm 600.89 = 28.38
G -242.00 KNm y 1.3462 -y
H 0 KNm 414.33
416.83
Effective depth required for beam= 573.01 mm 22.559541
Ok -30.27
Ast required at point of maximum sagging moment ie at D
-6.72 -242.00
a= 23.786
b= -250125
c= 414327020.03
Solving.
ASt= 8455.55 rejected
2060.05 mm2 total approved

Provide ø 25 mm bars, No. reqd.= 4.20

16 mm bars, No. reqd.= 0.48
Provide 4 nos. of 25 mm bars Ast provided= 1963.5 mm2
2 nos. of 16 mm bars Ast provided= 402.1 mm3
2365.6
 OK
Ast required at point of maximum hogging moment ie at G

a= 23.786
b= -250125
c= 241996912.50
Solving.
ASt= 9437.58 rejected
1078.02 mm2 total approved

Provide ø 20 mm bars, No. reqd.= 3.43

12 mm bars, No. reqd.= -1.58
Provide 4 nos. of 20 mm bars Ast provided= 1256.6 mm2
0 nos. of 12 mm bars Ast provided= 0.0 mm3
1256.6
OK
Check for shear
Shear force,Vu= 600.89 KN
Shear stress,Tv= 2.29 N/mm2
Provided percentage area of tension steel, p = 0.48 %
Permissible shear stress, tc = 0.473 N/mm2 < 2.29 N/mm2 O.K.
Shear reinforcement is required. Shear reinforcement shall be provided to carry
a shear force of
Vus = Vu - tc . bw . D = 476548 N
Assuming f 8 mm 4-legged vertical stirrups having area of steel, Asv = 200.96 mm2

Spacing, S = 175 mm c/c

Hence provide f 8 mm 4-legged vertical stirrups @ 175 mm c/c at support and
175 mm c/c at mid span
D3-D2 Length(mm) Breadth (mm) Area(mm2) Load(KN) Factored load( c/c distance(m)
Column A (A4) 355.6 355.6 126451.36 578.000 867 3.5052
Column B (B4) 355.6 355.6 126451.36 814.000 1221
Safe Bearing pressure = 150 KN/m2 1392.000 2088
Concrete Grade= M 20
Steel Grade= Fe 500
4902.2

i) Selecting trial footing depths:

Assume footing thickness= 20in 508 mm 3505.2 1219.2 1041.4

A CG B B= 2438.4 355.6

ii) Proportioning footing dimensions: 355.6 1455.5 1219.2 1041.4

Area required, Areq= 9.28 m2
Then, BL1+BL2= 10.41 m2
L1= 1828.8 L2= 2438.40
The distance from the resultant of the column forces to the center of column B is given as:
x'= 1.455 m
Center of gravity of the two footings should coincide with the resultant of the two column loads to ensure uniform soil pressure below the two
footings
Taking moments of footing areas about the center of column B;
x'= BL1( 3.683 -L1/2 )
(BL1+BL2)
1.455 =BL1( 3.683 -L1/2
10.41
Let, B= 2.4384 m 8.00ft
From quadratic equation,
a= 1.2192
b= -8.9806272
c= 15.14
Solving.
L1= 4.75 rejected
2.61 approved
Assume, L1= 1.83 m 6.00ft
L2= 2.44 Area= 10.40514 m2 Ok
Assume, L2= 2.44 m 8.00ft

column Area Req Area prov

A 3.85 4.46 OK
B 5.43 5.95 OK

iii)Evaluation of factored net soil pressure under the footings:

qu(net)= 200.67 KN/m2

iv)Design column footings for beam shear and moment:

Effective depth,d= 452 mm

A-Exterior footing:
Shear force, Vu= 216.30 KN
Shear stressTv= 0.26 N/mm2

B-Interior footing:
Shear force, Vu= 288.40 KN
Shear stressTv= 0.26 N/mm2

Provided percentage area of tension steel, p = 0.17 %

Permissible shear stress, tc = 0.32 N/mm2 > 0.26 N/mm2 O.K.

Punching shear need not to be considered due to presence of the strap beam

Bending Moment
A-Exterior footing:
Bending moment, Mu= 199.0 KNm
Effective depth required,d= 198.56 mm OK

Ast required
a= 5.947
b= -196620
c= 199000382.14
Solving.
ASt= 32019.56 rejected
1045.14 mm2 total approved
571.49 mm2/m

Provide ø 12 mm bars 150 mm c/c

steel = 753.6 mm2 > required ok

B-interior footing:
Bending moment, Mu= 265.3 KNm
Effective depth required,d= 198.56 mm

Ast required
a= 4.460
b= -196620
c= 265333842.86
Solving.
ASt= 42692.75 rejected
1393.52 mm2 total approved
571.49 mm2/m

Provide ø 12 mm bars 150 mm c/c

steel = 753.6 mm2 > required ok 489.31 489.31

Min. area of steel @ 0.2 % = 731.26 mm2

Provide ø 12 mm bars 150 mm c/c at both top and bottom, giving area of
steel = 753.60 mm2 > required ok

v)Design of strap beam for moment and shear:

For moment and shear
Let breadth of beam= 0.4572 m 18in
Let depth of beam= 0.762 m 30in
Effective depth= 702 mm
Shear forces at:
A 0 KN 0
 B -87.00 KN 87
C 780.00 KN 780
D 0 KN 0
E -27.857 KN 27.857143 -27.857142857 KN
F -624.43 KN 624.42857
G 596.57 596.57143 624.43
H 0 0 B E F
Maximum moment occurs where SF is zero.ie at y 87.0 D 27.9
Moments at different points are given as: A H
y= 1.59 m y G
596.57
A 0 KNm hogging moment -ve C
B -7.73 KNm 780.00
D 613.95 KNm
E 613.16 KNm
F 33.96 KNm 780.00 = 27.86
G -363.67 KNm y 1.651 -y
H 0 KNm 613.95
613.16
Effective depth required for beam= 697.52 mm 27.461614
Ok 33.96
Ast required at point of maximum sagging moment ie at D
-7.73 -363.67
a= 23.786
b= -305370
c= 613952596.55
Solving.
ASt= 10342.51 rejected
2495.66 mm2 total approved

Provide ø 25 mm bars, No. reqd.= 5.08

16 mm bars, No. reqd.= -2.24
Provide 6 nos. of 25 mm bars Ast provided= 2945.2 mm2
0 nos. of 16 mm bars Ast provided= 0.0 mm3
2945.2
 OK
Ast required at point of maximum hogging moment ie at G

a= 23.786
b= -305370
c= 363669942.86
Solving.
ASt= 11509.82 rejected
1328.36 mm2 total approved

Provide ø 25 mm bars, No. reqd.= 2.71

12 mm bars, No. reqd.= -5.62
Provide 4 nos. of 25 mm bars Ast provided= 1963.5 mm2
0 nos. of 12 mm bars Ast provided= 0.0 mm3
1963.5
OK
Check for shear
Shear force,Vu= 780.00 KN
Shear stress,Tv= 2.43 N/mm2
Provided percentage area of tension steel, p = 0.61 %
Permissible shear stress, tc = 0.516 N/mm2 < 2.43 N/mm2 O.K.
Shear reinforcement is required. Shear reinforcement shall be provided to carry
a shear force of
Vus = Vu - tc . bw . D = 614463 N
Assuming f 8 mm 4-legged vertical stirrups having area of steel, Asv = 200.96 mm2

Spacing, S = 175 mm c/c

Hence provide f 8 mm 4-legged vertical stirrups @ 175 mm c/c at support and
175 mm c/c at mid span
B3-B2 Length(mm) Breadth (mm) Area(mm2) Load(KN) Factored load( c/c distance(m)
Column A (A4) 355.6 355.6 126451.36 379.000 568.5 3.5052
Column B (B4) 355.6 355.6 126451.36 528.000 792
Safe Bearing pressure = 150 KN/m2 907.000 1360.5
Concrete Grade= M 20
Steel Grade= Fe 500
4749.8

i) Selecting trial footing depths:

Assume footing thickness= 18in 457.2 mm 3505.2 1066.8 889

A CG B B= 2133.6 355.6

ii) Proportioning footing dimensions: 355.6 1464.7 1066.8 889

Area required, Areq= 6.05 m2
Then, BL1+BL2= 7.80 m2
L1= 1524.0 L2= 2133.60
The distance from the resultant of the column forces to the center of column B is given as:
x'= 1.465 m
Center of gravity of the two footings should coincide with the resultant of the two column loads to ensure uniform soil pressure below the two
footings
Taking moments of footing areas about the center of column B;
x'= BL1( 3.683 -L1/2 )
(BL1+BL2)
1.465 =BL1( 3.683 -L1/2
7.80
Let, B= 2.1336 m 7.00ft
From quadratic equation,
a= 1.0668
b= -7.8580488
c= 11.43
Solving.
L1= 5.37 rejected
1.99 approved
Assume, L1= 1.52 m 5.00ft
L2= 2.13 Area= 7.8038554 m2 Ok
Assume, L2= 2.13 m 7.00ft

column Area Req Area prov

A 2.53 3.25 OK
B 3.52 4.55 OK

iii)Evaluation of factored net soil pressure under the footings:

qu(net)= 174.34 KN/m2

iv)Design column footings for beam shear and moment:

Effective depth,d= 401.2 mm

A-Exterior footing:
Shear force, Vu= 129.60 KN
Shear stressTv= 0.21 N/mm2

B-Interior footing:
Shear force, Vu= 181.44 KN
Shear stressTv= 0.21 N/mm2

Provided percentage area of tension steel, p = 0.19 %

Permissible shear stress, tc = 0.33 N/mm2 > 0.21 N/mm2 O.K.

Punching shear need not to be considered due to presence of the strap beam

Bending Moment
A-Exterior footing:
Bending moment, Mu= 105.0 KNm
Effective depth required,d= 157.99 mm OK

Ast required
a= 7.136
b= -174522
c= 104989973.96
Solving.
ASt= 23839.99 rejected
617.16 mm2 total approved
404.96 mm2/m

Provide ø 12 mm bars 150 mm c/c

steel = 753.6 mm2 > required ok

B-interior footing:
Bending moment, Mu= 147.0 KNm
Effective depth required,d= 157.99 mm

Ast required
a= 5.097
b= -174522
c= 146985963.54
Solving.
ASt= 33375.99 rejected
864.02 mm2 total approved
404.96 mm2/m

Provide ø 12 mm bars 150 mm c/c

steel = 753.6 mm2 > required ok 371.97 371.97

Min. area of steel @ 0.2 % = 731.26 mm2

Provide ø 12 mm bars 150 mm c/c at both top and bottom, giving area of
steel = 753.60 mm2 > required ok

v)Design of strap beam for moment and shear:

For moment and shear
Let breadth of beam= 0.4572 m 18in
Let depth of beam= 0.6096 m 24in
Effective depth= 549.6 mm
Shear forces at:
A 0 KN 0
 B -66.14 KN 66.135417
C 502.36 KN 502.36458
D 0 KN 0
E 1.625 KN 1.625 1.625 KN
F -395.19 KN 395.1875
G 396.81 396.8125 395.19
H 0 0 B E F
Maximum moment occurs where SF is zero.ie at y 66.1 D 1.6
Moments at different points are given as: A H
y= 1.34 m y G
396.81
A 0 KNm hogging moment -ve C
B -5.88 KNm 502.36
D 333.35 KNm
E 333.36 KNm
F -1.73 KNm 502.36 = 1.63
G -211.66 KNm y 1.3462 -y
H 0 KNm 333.35
333.36
Effective depth required for beam= 513.97 mm 20.235124
Ok -1.73
Ast required at point of maximum sagging moment ie at D
-5.88 -211.66
a= 23.786
b= -239076
c= 333345392.73
Solving.
ASt= 8378.42 rejected
1672.67 mm2 total approved

Provide ø 25 mm bars, No. reqd.= 3.41

16 mm bars, No. reqd.= -1.45
Provide 4 nos. of 25 mm bars Ast provided= 1963.5 mm2
0 nos. of 16 mm bars Ast provided= 0.0 mm3
1963.5
 OK
Ast required at point of maximum hogging moment ie at G

a= 23.786
b= -239076
c= 211659787.50
Solving.
ASt= 9070.00 rejected
981.09 mm2 total approved

Provide ø 20 mm bars, No. reqd.= 3.12

12 mm bars, No. reqd.= -2.44
Provide 4 nos. of 20 mm bars Ast provided= 1256.6 mm2
0 nos. of 12 mm bars Ast provided= 0.0 mm3
1256.6
OK
Check for shear
Shear force,Vu= 502.36 KN
Shear stress,Tv= 2.00 N/mm2
Provided percentage area of tension steel, p = 0.50 %
Permissible shear stress, tc = 0.480 N/mm2 < 2.00 N/mm2 O.K.
Shear reinforcement is required. Shear reinforcement shall be provided to carry
a shear force of
Vus = Vu - tc . bw . D = 381744 N
Assuming f 8 mm 4-legged vertical stirrups having area of steel, Asv = 200.96 mm2

Spacing, S = 175 mm c/c

Hence provide f 8 mm 4-legged vertical stirrups @ 175 mm c/c at support and
175 mm c/c at mid span