You are on page 1of 73

f,.

Wt

' .
, t l : l r n r n r r t
P E H O M E Hrft l AAr LI r t[t 4
r )
t1
n0 YLIETY HAF[4TAUI,4|'|
NPH
'r NPOEHTHPOBAHUI BOAOCEPOCHbIX
LIECHHX
n &poTEX HI,,f COOpyIHEHVtfr
M'IHIICTEPCTBO 3HEPIETI'IKLT H 3JI EKTPKIEI'IKAUH}I CCCP
rNABH}IHNPOEKT
HAYqHO- HCCJIEAOBATEJIbCKHR
i ;1..." BCECOIO3HbIpI oPAEHA TPyAOBOTO
'. 3HAMEHH HAYqHo- CEKTOP OPAEHA JIEHHHA
tt: ', KPAcHofo
f :- -l{TICTHTYTA <IHAPOIIPOEKT''
I.TccJIEAoBATEJIbGKHR I'lHCTHTvr
rrMeHHC. g- )KYKA
1.,-,- TI,IAPOTEXHHKH
,j1' uuenrr B. E. BEAEHEEBA CKE "MOC|IIAPOCTAJIb>
li-,;,,,,. TPECTA <f H,(POMOT{TAX>
MocKoBCKHn
'.-:irl-i BH blH tI Hcrl'lTvr
ttIAPoIlEnI'IoPATl'l

'i
PEHOMEHAALIU4
:i-. no YL{ETY HABI'4TAlJVlvl
l;ili,; , nptl npoEHTHPOBAHVIABoAocEPOCHbIX
-,,,.' THAPOTEXHHTIECKHX COOPyIKEHI4H

AEHHH|PA4
re76
\>

NPEAHCNaEHE

P-lf:lg.lt"s^a uttx> jraH,", Ka-;;il;*ilfi


BH-ra i.Hux rrAporexuHqecKHx- coopyxenirfi; no4bc6pocHble coopyx{eHHfl
poeKrr
rnpoeKT[po8aHHH
po'aHHH u:I-o:_6_q_Tl J..1 : :lr:- Io uvrery u HH npH
B ToM qtrc-te no rn'porHoripoeaHrro 1* r*nporexH
rrv.nvrnpvl'dnl{K, ndqana
uecx'nx KoTopbrx pa6oraloT. npH fisn6irlgx cKopocrfix noloK_a, H C MHoroqnc-
HaqaJIa KKa,,HTAruu
aBHTaIIHH rrq
Ha S5n6r,^r,
. JreHHbrMH gJIeMeHTOBTa-'
coopyxe'Hii, no rpe6oBa'r{ffM JIeMeH-
CnyrraflMn KaBHTaq,doHsux n-oBpelKAesnfi
''*l.;:?n:1,.,?,9:::'":::1.-i.-y:9**6p-d;'t-;;a;;:1;"i1:
IlI :tu* K KaqecTBy
KaqecTBV RrJnnnuau'-
-
BHnoJrHeHrrfl
-, KHx aoopy*"tnfi npn Hx 3KcnJIyaTaUHn,
-BogHur.na tteo6xoAnMocrb
paM npeAgrBpaure'rrr onacHoft , o6o6^e;Hn p$ynbraroB
xaBnrarrno" ;;;" ffi ,i"; HccneAoBa\n4 KaBHraUnH H xaeHthIIHoH-
ro.toc6pocnn
,LvPlJL|tbtA x (:UOpYXieHAH-
coopyxenaii-
coopyxenaii- "oii $;;; ytleJy
flpgro4arcr .iinHue o npul.truxennorl
oueHKe croErocrn
. noir tpostt irsi alenenroB H pa3p a6ot1n <<PeroMesAaUnir no
'. 6erouoe.u
noe u 3aunrubrx
3au'T'brx nogpbrr;ii_;
norpurrii_" ycrroBHr)
y*oo"",.
O B H f X sosAeficrsas *asu- KaBHTaUHH npH npoeKTupoBaHI'IH soAog6PocHblx THApOTeXHI'IqeCKI{X
TAU.NH., . coopy)KeHufi>,ffp; eTo{-rp-e6oeaJlocb yqecrb H IIoAbITox(HTb HaKon-
f" JfJ-l:m' T,,t *:j: -"ry::l3 .1a1a1asrioHrrbrx pacrreroB,
j"r9r,'*uanii"iini;ffi ,ennltf sa nocreAHne 15-20 .ner.onblT rlpoel(rnpoBauHfl' crp-ont*:-
:,"1,1fl
XtSI:,1"^]",:r:::1 .i
;::ril:? rHblx rHApOrexHHqecKHX COOpyxe-
li7#I":.:ii:":6".:,jll.,_"1-T1l9l1o-np'Me""en,i-;;";"";;;T
lrBercrBe'" b,* e"&io "
b ffi ; ;ff"il? of" I" i IH[: nopax n 6olsruHx cl{oPoeTsx Ro-.
l#:fj:"
oHHoir
' apoenr. lHoffpcKl{ft, Hypexcxsfi fi 'u,pyrHe r
opeilorrreiiaaqrfi>npe.rua3uaqeHbr'Ann pe3ynbrarbl
rpoeKrrp oBaHfl H poaoc6poiHrn n"no.o*oia*Hfi. np' aKx{e ncrIoJIb3OBaTb
x coopytr(eHari._ 'na6oParoPHblx' HarJ-PHbIx H
. . T e o P e ' H q e- c K n x ' B b { f I o J I H e H H b I X p f l A o M o p r a H u s a _ i I t f i , r o c o 6 - e n H o c r H
' .F.lr[{o" f"aponpoeKra, CKE <MociHApocrarlb> n BHHH|
"
.'.tlt,l.E.E.Bel,eHeee?'-Bna6oparopHflxKoTopbIx6gnuB[epBbIe9o1-
. - .lanbt cneqnaJrbHbreKpynHbre excnep.-uii,teHTaJlbrlble-ycraHoBIH B cBfi-
, sH c npoeKTHpoBaHI{gMH CTpOHTeJIbCTBOM.9THX fHApO}3noB.
:
--i-.,,'. Ilorrnnuo y^u, u ursl* op-y 1t1u; s <PeroueHA artn n x>>o6o6uex
11"_t,
--'-:ono* " fpysi{I,IHOfC;MrMH, MvICl4 su- B- B. Kyft-
-;.:,"6slureBA "..n.a6"auufi
H ,U,p.Heo6xo4nuo 6s1no TaK)Ke yqecTb H H-Melorrlnficfl 3?-
_, .:1, p)6€x<Hnriionarr no paccMarpHBaeMonryn'onpocy.
;i; "
::.:j <PexoueHAarrn pr>-cocraBJreHq _n_oApyKoBoAcrBo M 3 acnylKeuHoro
HayK
(_ . ; aeflgJlfl HayKH.H TexHHKI'T.PCOCP'- ilPoQ. AoETopa rexH'
,,'' H. f[. PosaHoea B coorBercrBur{ c nporpartrrvrofi HccJIeAoeaHHft no
.' paspa6oiKe r{oHcrpyxUnft H MeroAoB pacqera.BbtcoKoHanopHblx Bo--
. aog6pocHux rHAporexHHrIecKHx co
uH R- BHHI 4| au- E. E. BeAeHeet
--AoKrop rexH. HayK O- F. fYHmo)
'
coopy)Kenut?MocxoecKoro THAPoM(
<<MocrnApocranb>>c yqacr.HeM H
lu-u.E. E. BeneueeBa.
. Tercr <PexouenAaqsl't>> B ocHoBHoMHanHcaH trpoQ. AoKropoM
HayqHo-HccrreAoBarelscrnfi rexH. HayK H. n. PosaHoeHlvt (npe4nc.noBge,pasAen I- n _nn. 2.1-
....9_.-*:corosHufi
HHcrfiryrr'rDorex'rrrC rueHrr s. j-8.4,
t:-giA;lr&;; Z.Z2, g. I 3.15-3 -21, 4.4-4.8) , Aou. KaHA.rexH. HayK II. E. JIU-
(BHH[4D, 1970 (nn.'2,28-2.56, 3,5-3.14, 3.22-3.29,4.1-4-3, 4.9-4-17 u
ceuro
. 3
r #.':;
t _ . f f .

F=

PeromenAau.Hn'noyqery'
xaBHTaqHu npn npoel(THpoBaHHll
BOAOC6pOClrblx f HAIIOTeXH HqeCKHX
coopyx(eHufi

t. o6rrlHEnoJroxEHHt

Kasnraqfls, ee BHAbI ll craAHH, KaBHTallHoHHbtepa3pyilennf, tl

F
l.l. flereHne KaBHTaITHHBo3HHKaerB )KHAKocrHnpn IIoHH>xeHHH
B Hefi AaBJreHHf AO npeAeJla, npll KoTopoM npoHcxoAflT pa3pblBbl
c[JrorrrHocrH noToKa. HacTy[-
JreHHeKaBHTaIIHHxapafrepT-
3yeTgf nofB./IeHHeM MeJIbrIaH-
rrrHxnapora3oBblx ny3blpbKoB,
KOTOpbIe npH COOTBeTCTByIO-
uIeM pa3BHTHHKaBHTaUHH MO-
ryr o6pasoeblBarb B noroKe
' k-asHrallnoHHbls' nynbcHpylo-
ul H e K aBepHbr( pnc. l) .

Pnc. l. KasHraqHoHHHe KaBepHbI


(Q?K€ibt rabnraqnn)
"a-r'pq o6reraltsn .Bucryfla; 6-npn o6re-
-. |(aHrlt{ 4HnHilapa.

=' Heo6xoAHMbrM ycJroBHeM Bo3HHKHoBeHHfl KaBnraqHI,I ffBJIflercfl


.
noHH)KeHHe AaBJIeHnR B nOTOKe )KHAKOCTIIAO AaBJIeHHf napoo6pa3o-
. BaHHfl.' HHa.re roBoFfl, KfeHTaqHq Bo3HHKaer., r<brAa a6conntnoe

Briecesu BcecotosHHr,r
Hay q Ho-H ccJIeAo BaTeJIbc KHM Vrnepx4eHu
HHCTHTyToM rH,{porexHHKH BHHHI'
ru. 5. E. BeAeHeesa, nlr. E. E. Beleneesa Cpor BBeAeHHfi
H ay,rHo-u ccneAoBaTeJIbc KHrl perrreHr.{eM
ceKTopoMHHcTHryTa \& 37 co I[ KBapraJIa
,fHaponpoeKr- nu. C. f. )Kyra, op 28.08 1975 r.-
CKB,MocrH.qpocrarb' Tpecra r{ corJlacoBaHblc 1976 r.
" l'napoo'ronTa)K",MocrcoscrH[,I fraeHunnpoeKToM
rHApoMenHoparHBHblM
- MrrHeHeproCCCP
flHCTHTyTOM

.5
craroKa6cortotHoro AaBreHilfi.u,oaruoci[epuolo!- rygA.J,:!:P--,:IpTX;:ff;;
ivrfuoBeHHoeAab.neHne pn:yho 6yaet yAoBnernoprin cneAv*orqeMv';:";""T,,1""T'ft
ilJ;t;;i;;*it;_:i::i.::"-:x:11"Hff,T,.#*J"#;',Ll
coornorlreHulo[34, 59, 741: f ilfi ffi ""r#T='Toi"'tu?-'n-vft
.f
--yAenbHbtfi )r-l-:i::j*^:""""0;1:L,*1'JJIX#"TSXX
ci6"*""
SeC aeyue-nocreAnnns$ar1op11t11iq::::
XIIAKOCTH. (JOblqHO AHJr!|)L IIL'LJrs-AnnMa \rsrr'vre---- - I

€ P"p
Pe= P a- P eaK \., 6pera
/l\
or " nffn"ni'".uioiH.;;_H;
-'"
l|:#-Gjoj;Tffi";r" rlSropbii,+;sa-Bnc'uocrrt
!:;:g::lf'1","
or +ffiffi1xi"130%#o;
reMneparvpbtAaHbrB
nnn (n JTHHefiHbIX BoArHoro cron6a)
eAHHHqax-Bblcorbl ta6* 2.
hA: Ha - ftEaK< f-{(t'
Ta1tt'u4a 2
(l').
,ll.aueHne (ynpyrocrs) nognnux-.napoB Hs Futfl tlBcrofi BoAbI
t6e pa:IHa-aruoc$epHoe AaBJIeHHe, onpereneHHoeB 3aBucnltocrtl or BbI- npn paanbrx reMfleparypax
corsi.l,teciHocrn na4 yponHeu Mopfi no ta6l. l; pur*:'(hear . BaK)5rM(Heao- 'l
Ta6nu4a I I tu l 20 i"zs l so
Ariroc$epxoe AaBneHHe H^ a:r.npzulnHqHblx-
o'TMeTO(MeCTHOCTHHaA ypOBHeM MOpff ,ll.aereHue BoAflHbIx na-
pos H6 u aod'cm

x aoo- crn
1.2. ftpn noBbIueHIlH
4r11"111
nynbcHpyrcIqHx
0 10,33 800' 9,38 n FuxpenoM cJIeAeHJIHrIPH
100 10,23 900 9,28 .cHoce KaBltTauHoHHblxIIy-
200 10,09 1000 9,18 3brpbKoBnorol(oM e o6ra-
300 9,98 1200 8,95 crH rloBbI[IeHHOTOAaBne-
400 9,84 r500- 8,&
500 9,74 2000 8,14 HHff ny3blpbKH 3SXJIOIIbI'
600 9,62 2500 7,8Q Balorcff (paspyuarctca) -
700 9,52 3000 7,37 Ecnn 3axJIonbIBaHHenpo-
HcxoAI{T y rBePAofi creHxtl,
uhrepnaJl ee rloABePfaeTcr
3HAqHTCJIbHbIM MCXAHHqC'
cKHM yAapHbIMsos4efrcrsn-
F^M,a raKlKe xHMHqecKHM H
3neKTpItqecKlIM sosAeftct-
eHglvr.'3tH nos4eftcrnHa, B
ocHoBHOM MeX?HHEIeCKHe, -
fipy coorBercrByloulHx yC-
JroBHflx npHBoAflT K BO3-
HHKHOBeHHIOX'aenraqHoH-
uofi 3po3HH (prac.. 2), a
SJIeKTpOXHMUT{eCKHe npo-
rleccbl - K l(oppo3Hlc Mare.-
plra.Jra.
B onpe4eJIeHHbIX YcJI.o-
-
tPnc'
.L' 3' PaspyureHun
L qerJ or 'KaBHTa-uHoHHoro
BItflx KaBHTaqHfl MOX(er
Bbrflopa!.
q'eJIHna;
cnoco6crsonarb H BO3HHK- c-Bbtpbr' hycKa-nnacrfiqHoro MarePEarIS H3

HoeeH, rou opuun, -


13"3:;
n,-.oopy- fi:T#";1l?"ifi:#*;*:li!*l**r"":;;fl
)KCHHfl.
" rHeM H 6erouou)'
Ha3bl-
Hexoropoe BpeMf ToMy Ha3aA -6ula BbIABHHyTa TaKXe rHnOTe3a TaK
HMerlUIHX
BaeMoFo KaBHTat{HoHHoronirnopa [5], cor.nacHo KoTopofi n nratepuaJlax,
Pnc. 2. KasuraurroHHag3pos?rfi nnoulaAKy reKyqecTH, npn onp-e4e.neHsux ycJloBHflX noA AefictB6eM''KaBHTaqHott-
4-6eroua (racnre.rb aueprnrr); d-craan,
7
(prnc. 4,6) Hxrrp- H a*?2, r1e, zz- Hs6stto.rHblfinbesoMerpnuecrufi
' - B ToqKe,AocraroqHo yAaneHHoft.ot cauofi
Hanop B ceqeHnn II-II
HepoBnocrn, B xoropoft y)r(e He cKa3brBaercfl Bbr3BaHHoeeto BogMy-
rqeHge (npn pactrerax onpeAenfiercr no ypaBHeHnn EepHy.nnn).
B AaHHoM cryqae Mox<Honpn6.nnxeHno npnHnrb s Hxan:H^*zr
1.3.-B xa,recrBe KpfiTepirfl,xapaKTepn3yroulero Ann uercoroporo ceqeHHq I-1, B KoropoM HepoBllocrb y)Ke He BJIHfler
Ho npnMeHflercfl napalrerp (uHcno) rca-snr-aq KaBHraqarc, o6uu-
HH: . Ha anropy cKopocrefi. IIo errlope cKopocrefi s g'rol,r )Ke ceqeun4 I-l
(puc. 4 , a, 6) onpeAeJr her cns Kno- cKopocr u Ha6er aHnf l. I
1.5. CyurecrByor pa3fiH.rrHbre r.naccnQnKauna BHAoB' HJILIQopvt
(2) KaBHraqHH.
B 3aBHcHMocrH or cpeAbr, sanorHRtouleri nannraqHoHHbre, ny-
rAe prap:.lHxap *sbrpbKn, pa3fiHrraror KaBrrraqnlr:' eaaosArc HJn{ naposArc. Tax K A K
r- a6conntHOe
AaBneHHe (xax npanuJro, ocpe;r_ spo3noHHoodacuoir qsrser-
HeHHoe Bo BpeMeHn) s6nysw'o,6- cfl ToJrbKo napoBaff KaBH-
Texaefiono TeJra Hrn e.fieMegra
coopy)KeH us. 6es yqera Bo3rrryrqe-
TAI{Hfl,HH)KEPACCMATPHBA-
Htni, nbtsnaHHbtx grllM TeJIoM trxrl eTcrrToJIbKo3Tor BHA KaBH-
a-nomeutotrr, npHgeM psap: pa _l- Tar{H H.
tPnta HJIII Hrap:Hathuz6, a I-Io xapaKrepy KaBHTa-
P\26 : I |Lra3o- ng'6urouHoe---laa_
neHrre; /rap _ ocpeAHeHHafl Bo
- unoHrroiro6.nacru B 3aBHcH-
. BpeMeHlr _xapaKTepHafl cKopocTr, Mocru or orreprarnfl, o6re-
noroxa s6rHglt o6rexaeuorb re- KaeMbrxTeJI H HX OpHeHTH-
61 I ITNT Jra IIJIlr S.rreMeHTa coopyx(eHrrfi,
l _ l i BbtqttcJlfleMag, KaK npaBHJIO, c .poBI(Hno oTHotrreHfim K no-
TOKy pasJlar{aroT cJreAyro-
. yqeToM pealtuorr 3nlopH cKopo-
creri Ha noAxeAHoM r o6terle_ qne Q opusr Kar lTa\ HH.
MoMy TeJry (ruu crerlreHtv) nJraBHoo6rexae-
yqacrKe noroKa (prrc. 4) a a io'- Anc
,
oTBeTcTByroqHx cryqaffx cpeAHf ,{
Mblx TeJl flplt Hx B ocHoB-
.no ceqeHHro cKopocTb rrJrrr H onr 6esor pbr BnoM 'o6r exa-
apy_
ras_xapaKTepHarr cKopocrb; g_ HHH (no AaHHbrM onnr.rbs
ycKopeHHe cHJIbr TflxecTu; p _
nJroTHOcTb 8oAH.
UKTA fls,59]) cJreAyer
i pasJrHr I aTb:
3Ha.IeHH fl trHcJIa KaBH--
XI nusbtpbKoEuto KaBHTa- Puc. 5.' Qopnu cpueHori KaBHTarIHrr3a
TAI\NH, COOTBCTCTBYIOI-I{HC naoxoo6rexaeuttnit reJtaMlr -
I { H I o( Q o p u a . I ) , n p a K o r o -
d-c arr(pcxrr,. npltlnlnia;oulnMrr x rnepaoii crcrrxe
Puc' rr:r tr ^q^a,a:arn,?
n vcJIoBHflM BO3HHKHOBeHHTI
Hagsr- porl or rvrecraMaKcHMafib- creuse,
Te.tJ, o, 8-CuAl:(pflnt, filrnMbtKajoulttHrt x roelt.loti
ltitr #'""1ffii?'??#rnf,."o*i"n'ru,H, npHHqTo HOIO pa3pex(eHHfl
pacno.roxieHrtoii-eltuano rerter!ttK) or re-ra,
a-a 6esnanopuovEoroie: a-B nrjrore. BaTb KpHTHqeCKHMH H O6OS- rra TeJre ' cBri3BaBuJero NaErrrauu!o (A-torta gpo:ruu);
Bnrprntr. cpHBrrlurlnrrcn c ocrpr,tx rparreE o6re-
z_
"'-op,io*
oTAeJrrrIoTcfl napora3oBbre liaevoro - Te.la fl ue 3ayrJKapulrtMtrcfi rta TBepILtK
r-4-ilgn pacc[rorpeH'H
-BHTAIIHH BonpocoB f3f"filLBeHH,rKa- . rry3brpbKH;
/ crertxil:(.

(P.ASACT 2) HA PA3IHIIH6IX
"oJ##
sJIEMCHTAX BOAOTTPOIIYCKHbTX
coopyx(ennft yxasbrBaercr,saKue 3Haqeusff. pxap - KaBHTaqHIo B BHAe ntteuo,titoti KasepHbt c etta)rcu.tutu creHKa.Ltu
@nf ;_i"rl'H V=o,p c-_orpbIBoM IIOTpaHHTIIIOTOCJrOrr B MeCTe MHrrnMaJrbHoro AaBJIeHHTT
- cneAyer npHHHMarbB 3aBrrfirMocru(2). ovenn4Ho, OHHAOJr)r{Hbr co_ ( Q o p v r aI I ) ;
OTBCTCTBOBATb3HAIiCHIT'I}T, IIPHHHII{ABIUHMCff
OCHOBE KOTODbIX 6U;IT IOJYIICHbI
B HCCJICAOBAHHSX, HA KaBHrar.lHro scnonHeHtnrt-Ka,epH.u ($op-$)
R BHAe nneHo,tnor-r
I TIPHBOAHMbIE IIO ua III)
,(op.
PCI(OMCH AAI\HH

Tax, HarrpHMep,J,Jq_HepoBHocrH(nucryra), pacnoJrox<euuoftua I B c " t y v a e I tp o r l t o 3 a K a B l r r a q r r r r


,, H a - B b r c r y n a i e c r s n p e A J r o ) K e H r r en p l r r r n M a r b
l1_e lencKpHBneuuoro 6esAanopHoroeo.q,oBoAi- (puc. +,i) sa H=^,, vxarr lr f/rap B <<c)Karoi!t> ceqeufin III-lll [10]_(puc.4,_6),npHuelr V*^p..onl)ere-
' n p H H H M a l o TBe n H q H H yH ^ 1 1t, rtercq lra rpaHril{e pa3AeJta rrlei<;1y rpaHsraiHoir"crpyeri
rA e h-rny1uua B oA br H aA H epoB _ sbAo"opoi"o,i 3otrot-r.
tlocrbro. coordmcrgeHHo,_'rJrs Bbrcryrra -B OqesltAtto, B groM cryqae It 3naqeunu K*o 6!ey'r unuurr rro " cpaBreuHro g [oJrygeH-
f{anopHoM BOAOBOAe H b fM r I n p r t V r o p : V s a 6 .
8
9
- oopua I.xasnrarl'H Bo3HHKaer np'.o6qeu Bo3AyxocoAeplKaHHHc BuxpflMn, cpubarcIllnMl{cfl c OCTpbIx rpal{efi o6texaeMoro TeJIa H
6oarure 0,2o/oJIHurb npn brnoc HreJrbHo.MaJrbrx'rp
n" He 3aMbrKarorr{HMHcflna rBepAbIX.cieHxai (pnc. 5, a).
Ha BxoAHhrxsneMeHrax o6rexaeubrx coopyxdnHfi "ail'6r"uilu "r""
(na _r$rro"r*
npoQnnax,Hanpnu€p,npH ManHXyrJrax B rnAporexHnqeernx._coopyx(eunflx cpbl_BnafiKaBHraqHf HMeeT
n;ri;;;crb Bo3- r\{ecro, HanpuMep, npu o6rerannn racnTeaeft aHeprHH,IIa3oB SaTBo-
HUKHoBeHHfl nJreHosHbrx eoprrrr'annraqsa "t"*n;.
(II ; III Qopn,t)cnrsaHa
c BHXpeOopasoeaHHeM 'rpoon*a poB, Heposnocreft Ha noBepxHocrffx no4oc6pocoB H T. n.
B 30HenxoAnoli paccMarpHBaeMbrx
SJIeMeHToB coopyx(esnfi..fipn gToMn eaaHcHMocrH or r{HTeHcaBHocrH
0)
t{'

zzz/, ApyFHX Qoptut.


1.6, CyuecteellHbIilI
napaMeTpotvl sBJltlercfl
cTeneHbpa3BHTHflKaBH-
raIIHH, KOTOpafl XapaK-
repn3yercfi .nu6o orHo-
ueH H eM F: KlK"p ( K -
[apaMe Tp KaBHTaqHHB
AaHHbrx ycJIoBLIffxpa6o-
rbl coopyxeH!,Ifli'(*p -
B ycJIOBHflXHaqara Bo3-
HHKHOBCHHfl KABHTA-
Puc. 6, Cxeua utereaor-r .(a)-n xryro_
-Puc. 7. Ctaluu raehraqun IrHH)_,.nH6o orHgcutean-
nofi (6) rastrraqiru. c-tta.ralbtran; d-paeolrBuraflcn; a_cynep_
. xaaflTauttr.
noft Arnsoft KaBHTaUH-
oHHofi o6nacrs - KaBH-'
tt*oo:uouoa3oBaHnfl,xapaKrepnsyenaoft rrncJroMpefiHo.rrbAca : TaIIHoIrHoroQaxena 16la
Reu utw l6ld (puc,. l). Pr'rc. 8- Cxeuarnsecrufi rpaQnr 3aBncn-
: (0.- Ton-u{HHa norpaHHqHorocJror B Mecre repexoAa Jra-
+ B 3aBHcHMocrH or MocrH xaan'raquoHHofi spo3HH Ll[/ or
- MnHapuoiopexnMa. craLnu KaBuraIII{H F : K/Kup Ailrt HennaB-
e ryp6yneHrHurl,a ua_cKopocrb Ha_rpaHnrle c T e n e H k ' p a 3 B H T H f pl a 3 -
ronpaHnqnot-o 'II, HOO6TeXa:MHX Ter npn Qoprr,re KaBHTa-
c.non), Mo)Kercyr{ecrBoBarb_
- - - - - - nn6o l.u6o
Y "rrvv tft $o}_ JI I,II{ANT HAqAJIbHYIO CTA- uns lV- A {V: congt )
I "t
A H ro KaBHr auI {H ( pnc.
Ua.
/- 6ecx a srtraqrtoHu t tft pextt M; 2 - ttaq a.fiuHafl crarlrfl ;
3-paaorraurascfl Kaonrauue y f-e-la; 4-cynepta0r-
B rn4porexHrrqecKHX coopyx(eHHflx TaKHe 7, a); pasBHBI xy. I ocrKa- Tar{Hq.
IUO)KHO eop*rsr KaBHTauHH. Bnralrillo (p4c. 7.,6) ,r_
_
O)KHAarb Ha oroJIoBKaX BOAOCJIHBOB,
Ha uraBHbrx BXoArrbIx
oroJroBKaXray6uHHrrx no40c6pocoe, a TaKN(e cyrrepKaBHr aut {r o. ( pnc. 7, e) '.
oaorro"*u* 6H.r*
xos.2 ", flpnrraepHbre3HaqeHHflB AJrrr nJroxoo6rexaeMblx TeJI Ha pa3rntl-
l{bIX CTaAHflXKaBHTatIHHCJIeAyI.oUIne:HaqaJIbI{an CTaAnn 1,0
0,7- 0, 8; paaeaBllr at cf - or 0, 7- 0, 8 Ao 0, 2- 0, 1; cynepxaanr a:
l
Ao
q n n{ 0 , 2 - 0 , 1 .
1.7. Xapar r ep KaBHr aUuor t sst x- pa3pylllennf t 3aBHcHTot Q opur t
H cTaLHr4KaBHTaIIHH.Ann n.rroxOo6TeKaeMblxTeJI trpn HeKoTopoM
3H aqer{HH0: Fo ( puc. 8) B cr aLHH pa3BxBlxef t csKaBHTaLI HH Bo3HH-
K aeT MaKCHM aJI bHanKaBHTaI I HO HHaf9pO l 3Hf l; B Hat {anSHO f tx( e
-
| B 3aBHcHMocrH
or npoQn.rrn o-()TeKaeMoforeJra Moryr cyqecTBoBarr cTaAHH [1. B CTaAHHCynepKaBHTaIIHHgpo3Hff CyuleCTB_e_H-HO MeHb-
ru6o II ln6o I, (n- 4-7, 4.11) oco6en-
II ;";;;;;;"!ul,u'uu, ure irnn soo6ue uo>ker- o'r-cyrcrnoBarb
q e H r r q x _.Qoprua'xa"ntau1_n{.Ooprrra
(, ueu ' r. e. np* 66arurHx sHa_
' ' e o p u a I {Sgj.' go npH AOCTaToqHO BbICoKOtlt xasH'faqHOHHOft crOfixocTn MaTepHana
Ann rpun?iruT^ nporpu,'left I Qoprrra HMeer ilrecro. np' yfJrax
QoprraI I - rrpu6-8o, d qbpr-raI II _ npn g_ n;-
araK' 4-6o, tr He[poAoJlx{HTerbHocrH KaBHTaIIHoHHblx eosAeftcrBIrft. B cBfl3w
q Ter{, q To. KaBI t Tat I HoHHaf l
3po3Hf l Bo3HHKaetnilu 3HaqeHHf x B( 1, O ,
I 0 /
11-
B Kaqecr8eoArror'r,
r:: HcrHKKaBHrarrHHB HacrosrqeeBpeMn
^:.2p.?!:ep
BBoA'rc n rcoeQQuq ueHr Haqatt a Kasur a quolnii d; ;;;;'
; ru; <ld;;
lf*S::p,*. T: y:qi :: L_il,ln: r(18HrarrHH epo3Hn6yaei orcyr.
6yaerHacrorrbKo Manofr,uro ilo".ro-;;;;";;J;
:fTlT
(n. L3.1 .fi(
u *4.7)'.
r.I n 1 J. ",o
cpunHan KaBuraq'fl eopuu IV-A, oco6eurro B pasBHBrueficn
: ry:19" HoonacH;L;3'1'p;
I I TI l: *1T:: j.:::.1"*.^,,:y: a,r aK.^,[ ;-;;;; ; il, -
:l:f:3":TllT':.T^p,iIT.::.y:1,",."
n M rerroM"u
yro,r(H t' ;;n";i;
::- : i y SrirEp
:::t*:1,":::: tp ric. gJ
-f, ;'ipr' *tr aroqHo
l:r::.1 ",l^::: {yl 111oir xaCar aqHHpa3py, . " n" pdlft _ B xBo_
"a*,i" IV-B
t"r"ii"."'-06;"t

A.nq nporllo3a Bo3HItI(IIoBelJurrr(aBlrrattlrorrrrofr


3po3gg lreo6.xoArr-
NtoyrrurbrBarb 3HaqeHHe nopoeoaoil,cKopocru l/ooo (n. 4.1)
ai,n pac-
cMarpuBaeM or oM ar epHa. na.f I pH
v( [onp (J)
oe Bpey tI n p a Kr I'lqecKH f re n po rrcxoAHr Ka BHr a ur.roHHorl 3po -
Li.lt:f-o^tl
:t'tl't.3ttaqeHHq Vuop3aBHcflTHe ro"rrbKoor Br4ilaMarepHan?, rto.rI
or
Pnc. 9. KasnrarlnoHHa, cpopruuv craAHHKaBHTauHH.-
€poTff",yfs npu cpunrroirKaBE_
_

n a n b o l e e o n a c H a ,T a K K a K xaE arauuoH H breo6.nacrn rroJl l { ocTbro


H JrH
B O C E I O B H O MH C C O N P H K A C A t ( ) T c f l C T B C P A b I M H C T C I I K A M . H , q T O
YMCHbIIIA-
er HJrHHcKJrroqaerBo3Mo)KHocrbnoflBJreHnsxhnnraqaoruHoh
eposur.r.
Taxopi BHA cpbrBsolt xanurar\Hn AoJr.x(eH6uru o6u.tHo
oaronu.HhrM
ne rorbKo B craAHH cynepKaBHTar{HHHJ;H B HaqaroHofi
craAHH, Ho
rr npn pa3BuBrr.refics KaBuraqn,g g). KoncrpyKr{HH,- -
^(Rac. pu6oruto_ ocHoBHble cnoco6u 6opr6bt c BpeAHbrrlr' npo'Bne'Hr11t
u{He np' KaBHrl:1l{:.Q_:tVll IV.E, qacro Ha3brBaror ucynepKaB'r'_ KaBrtraq'H
s ro4oc6poclrbtx coopyx(eHHsx
I
pyroulHMH>>,rouHee 6essposuoHHbtJnlt. -
I(asHrau'oHHafl spo3,fl np' cpunuori KaBHTar{HH 1.8. O 6H, r Ho Bo3r r lKHoBer r r rKaBnr
e aur r r .B
r no. uoc6pocHbt xr r r Apo_
Mo}Ker 6rrrr rexHnqecr{Hx
yMeHbueHa HJ|H ptcKlrroqerra noBbrrrreHHeMBO3AyXOCOAep)Ka.HHfi coopyx{elrHflx cr-peMqrcr He aoriycraru'flnn ororo He-
BO_
4 u (n . 3 .4 -&1 6 ). H H re H cH B H ocrbK aB arurt" o" nb* upi i ' " o' np" npo, o6xo4ul,ro:
IIHX O A H H A K O B I , I XY C J I O B H ' I X
YBCTHTIHBACTCflC YBCNHqCTIHEM',iOPO',"
T C T I C I { T I fB
l OAbI.

I Taroe l{a3Batlue
IIe ffBJtflercfl To'{Hbtiu, TaH KaK KoHcrpyKI{HrI
TATb rfe ToJrbKo I cTaAHil CynepKaBilTa.j.jg.n.. MoxeT pa6o-

r2
t3
lloB ff )cryno8 or llerutareJl,ilo ycrarroBJreHrior'iona/ry6KH, 11pdrlr6oB npoe'KroM AoJrlKHa 6urs npeAycMorpeHa
IteifiecrKoli olliuly6r tt, pa *oB tttt, Bblcryna murrrx a p Maryp n brx creplK - r rraAex'oro Korrrponn' Bo3M.Xrrocrb crpoforo
cocTon,rnrn xoricrp t- u;;,-;;;;a;a rc'tefi cn
tieit lr r rr.) TaKH.x pa3MepoB,nprr r(oropbrx .B AaHrrbrx ycJr.oBHflxrvlo- KaBHTaUHH,
ycraHoBr(n npa6opo"'*o"rponfl
xer Bo3f[il([yrb KaBHrauHs(n. 2.28-2.43) - Ec.nH erolo B coopyxe- l], i|]:^{
o6ecneqeHueni- 3a rasgrauperi
Il Bo3MoxHocrn o"O.i,oaerr'|"'^ wn vq
llllil tle yJlaeTcnocyqecTBHTb,To sleAyer BbrrroJrHHTbAOnOJrr{HTeJrb_cJieAogaHHtIcdopyxeunfi; sa rrlt
ux pa6orofi
t'aL'L' s o6-
ttue pa6oru no ycrpanerrnroAeOer(ToB(saae,'rka par(oBHr{,crJlax(u- -6urr
AOnx(Hbr o6ecneqeHbr. ycnoB'fl Adrfl,nep'otrHqecKoro
E a l tl te Bu c T y n o 8c n e [Il a J l bttbl Mtl
ur.ng$onarrbl brMrt-uautprH
f aMltr.,rH
r c. rvrourarar(Hx Korrcrpyrunfr pe_
noMoutbto no.nnu-epnbrx Marepna.rror r.rnp.) c noeeaeggeM rrepoBHo_ Aeurft, 6ea ycipoficrea aopo."i;;;,rt; 3arpax{_
- cre ir nepeMHqeK n r. n.
Ao raKHx pa3}reBo.B, npd noropbrx r(aBnrauna 6y,uer orcyrcrBo_
BATb. c'nenyer 'rMerb B BHAy, qro oco6eHHbcru pa6oru
a'oc6pocHblxcoopyxeuaft npa *ae HTarrrrfi sJreMeHToBBo-
B -ttacrostlleeBpeltn BBHAyece 6onee urrpoKoro flprrMelreuHfiBbr- Btrau'oHtoft H pa3n'q'Hx cnoco6ax xa-
col(ollanop-llblxoorroc6pocHbtxcoopy)Kertrrft, npeAlra3HarregHbrxAJrrr B O 3 T I H K H O B C H Isaur'Tbr T NK A B H T A
HccneAoBaHbreure Heaocraroqro (ua.lano
xe
nponycKa 3IIaqnTeJbHt'lX pacxOAOBBoAbI npH 6O"nurunx c*opOcra.r \HH TNf MHOTHX 3JICMCHTOB NPOfHO3HPYCTCq
- AocraToqHo rovHo) - OrcyrcrByloT lr Brro.rrHe
noroKa,. o6ecneqrrrsBilnorHeHue H3JIO)KeHHSTX rpe6ona nsfi, T. e. ITPOTHO3A BCJIHTI?I}I'I HaAelr(rrb{e cnoco6r,r
nontlocrblo HcKJIIoqHTb qacro npaftrre 3arpyAHgre{bHo, pasuoo6pa3Hbrx I{ TIHTCHCIIBHOCTI,I
KaBHTaUHK), ;O3I{[I ANfl
yc.noauri.paooiui ;;;pWeHut. "'.N,iU;;;;;
.rrti6oHegt(otloMltrlHo, a ItHoFAaH IIeBo3Mox(Ho.
AHMO n;;;;;.y neo6xo,
Aonycr(arbr(aBHTaqHro.c
ocropox-io"ruro B OTBercrBeHHbrx
HArwHa raKoe peue'He n'urb rocrre "
#ffi]- cneuuanbHbrx rrccJreAo_
Ha eneuerrrax, KaBHTauHoHHbre no'pelKAeHHflnbropurx Moryr_
npl{Becrax ylepe .pa6orocnoco6soc
r^ ni uii*oay Hx }r3 crpofl rrnl
It cJIOXrroMyH AOpOroMypeMorrry,AonycKarb r(aBHTaqr{Io
Ayer. rre cJre-

Dfuaacrb Hacronulrx pexomenAaunii


".rion"ro"arnfl
l.l l. Hacrorrulne <PercoueHAaqHH>
cocraBJrerrbrtrpHMeHHTenbHo
Kocrblo trJtrr cneufia,TbHbrx K pa3nHqrrbrMBoAonponycr(HbrM
KaBHTar{HoHHocro ft x ltx noxp trrH ri _ o6,rrI r- rHAporexHHqecKHM COOpyx(eHHflM_
r Hx-sJreMeHTaM,pa60rarorrlHM
uoBoK. (crannHur, noJir]repnbrxH np.) . *u* np" 6e3sa_nopHoM,TaK H np,
-irorprrrnrr I{anopHOMpex(}rMax' noCToffHHbtM
O6.nHuoeKHH 3aulmHHe AoJr>Krru 6u1q 3anpoeKrr.rpo- coB KanHTaJIbHocrH' n nperueHHblM,pa3fiHrrHbrx.KJIac-
qaHbl lI BbIrIoiIHeHbI TaK,qro6bl HcKrloqurb Bo3Mox(Hocrb HX noBpelK- rpyf K Huu brnocflTcfl: ixo4nsre oroJroBKHHarropHbrx
a ryHHeJreli;aaxyyMHbre oronoBK4
Ae H H fl H 3 -3 a a tr6 p a u tt;t(n p anoxerrne 2) nJl r K aB r{rauproH Frofo B br- so,AcicraBoB;racgTeng sHep_
t'zt'r, pacreKarenH H pacqenr{TeJr' noToKa;' noBoporbr
- n o p a .I BoAoc6pocHsrx
noaepxHocrH, o6rercaeubre BbrcoKocr{opocrHbrMH
IqaKroB;
npH noroxauu
H arH q HH Ha. , HHX HepoBHO Cr ef i;
, r i"opo, ^ 3ar Bop'br e Ka_
Mepbr.HT. II.
-
,[.rrn orBercreeHHbrx coopy]KeuHri I, a
TaJrbHocruyTorrHeduue npoi'uosar HrrorAatt U KJraccoBKanH_
-- pa60ru'aoopy*urrHff npH rcasHra_
r{r'r' ecJrHTaKoBarr aonycxaer,cfl HJrr.-*ri**"oBeHHe
6orrr HcKJrroserioc Aocraro,{Hofi ee He MOXer
4 )' fl p n a a tu tE o d re x a e u ol l y 3Jl eMeH TyraK nx oqeprarJni i , npu ri o. I{3BOAHTbHa ocl{oB€ .up.irt""}'- or*oMerrAyercfl npo-
ropbrx 6yaer lnrerb ]recro cpbrBHaE.KaBHTauufl-BrpoiirvrelV-n.' AonoJlHure.nrHux, B ToM rrHcile no nsyueHHlo
3pogHr.r,liccneAon awnft.
1 .1 0 . K a e H ra u ttgB c o o p yi xeH H tl x.Mo)K er :tonycK arbcrr npu o6nsa
TeJrbHoMco6rnrleulirr creAyroutux rpe6osaulh tHHax w, B TIaCTHOCTH,B OTCacbI_
H ocyur..rBJrerrHr fnpocbr TexHoJtorHH H3roToBneHHfl
P rAa M e p o n p u q rn fi :
IHTI KABHTAUHH, 3A HCK.IITOqEHHEM
I funotesa KaBrrraurroaHor-o flonnMepHbre fioKpbrrns n <pero_
Br,nlopa (n. 1.2)_no:,-re;*<nTAorloJlunre;rbrroNr\
il3yrrelniloH trpoBepKe. I. Eo.nee noapo6uo srn Bonpocbr
t4
t.
l5
B <PexoMenAaulrsx> rre rrpnBoAflTcfl TaKx(e Aarrnb,reo BnHrHItrt Bgcg MOCrri AJrfl.onpeAeJley1fr. BaKyyM a n a u6Onee y.Uo6nrr, ety u Oltt't
npndo4nrcn B BHAe 6eSpasruepnbil-xBeJIHqHH:xoeQrp.HUHeHroB Ba-
r(aBHTauHH Ha xos$Quuuerrrbr conporun.rreHHflo6reraeubrx [oroKoM
re.n (HanpuMep, racnTeneft suepruu, nasoB n r. n.). 3ro cBn3aIIo Kar( K yyMH oc r H Anr , BoAocnnBoBoo : H ( Ho- Hanop HaA r pe6neM c
c rre4ocraro.{Hocfe}o coorBercrByroulHx gKcnepuMeHTaJrbHsIxAaH--
nbtrx,TaK H c reM, qTo B 6o.nrurnHcrBecflyqaeB yroqHellue co[porHB- yqerou ct(opocTHoro Hanopa), KosQ$HUHeHroB ilaKcHManbHOrO
reJla (pacnpeaeJleHuff AaBneHHfi na lreuJ npu
.{eHnfl o6rerc.aenaoro noH H )K e HUfAaBneHHq
f Ans. or onoBr oe r py6:
rranHqHHKaBHTaqHIf,no cpaBHer{Hro'coc.nyuaeru ee orcyrcrBHfr Anfl (6)
paccMarpHBaeMbrx coopyxeun.ft H HX sJreMerrroB,cyAfl no HMerc-
IIIHMC'I AAHHbIM, UC OIICHb CYIIICCTBCHTIO II. AAET OTHOCH'TCJIbHO HC-
6o;ruuryrononpaBKy. TIJIH

Z . T IP O T N O 3 H POB AH HE H A IIA JIAK A B H TA U HH H A 3JIE ME H TA X (7)


BOAOn pOnyCK l{ brx F HA PO'I'EXH Hq ECKHX.COOPyXEH H H
I , TY C T A H O B J I E H Hl E
' P E E O B A H H HK K A I I E C T B Y rile vr-cpellHsff cKoPocrbn'tpy6e 3a oro.,'IoBrou(pnc' l0)'
BH nOJIHEHtlfl OETEKAE,l-{ blx nQB EPXHOCTEI4
MeroAu nporno3a Haqara KaalrraqrH V:

2 .1 . I(a x c J re A y e rrrs (l ); yc.rroeueMorcyrcrB r.Ifl I(aB H rauH H6yaer


=f-
Ps ) P * p (4) rrrn hr"* 1 Ila- lt'p. _ (+')
M rH o e e tti ro e 3 H a q e H rre ryJrbcHpyriourero BariyyMa /t""* Moil(i{o 2
npeAcTaBHTbB BHAe:
/_
' h"^*: E"r*+ A'

..r" t""* -ocperHenHtrireo BpeuerH.BaKyyilr r ,tarutoiiroqKenoroKa;A- artn.rrt-


(5) x

1:
X

hoai
W.E 4zq

ry.[a nynbcaurrfiBaK-Y_vnIa.
.Ec n n n p n g ro M o n p e A eJrfrrr-MaK cH MaJrbH oe i ttaqeH l l e MrH oB eH -
Horo BaKyyMa (uro rpe6yercn, ecJIH He AonycKaercx AalKe I{parKo- /
B p e M e H H a flr(a Bn ta U n n ), To B (5) H aA o npH H H Maru A : A uarrc.
. &t
---f----i.+
[ | 6;
\=
Beflu,rr.rHa'A r"nn A.r"*" 3aBI{cHTor ypoBHr rypOyJIeHTHocrHro-
roKa, HalrLqrlfl HJ1HorcyrcrBHf. BoJrrr H rlrApaynpynHx ro"[e6alrltt:i
re J ra . fs a p o y n p y rn e x o n e6annR B B oA orrponyctctbrxcoopyl K enH ttx
o6uquo orcyrcrByrori '{acro Mo}t*ro rr€ yr11116rBarb H nyJlbcaun?IAaB-
re n rtaMH .
n e H u fi, B b r3 Ba r{ H b Bo
' Puc. 10. Cxeua Bxo4noro oronoBKa rpy6u
B c n " rrrn o ry p 6 y n H 3 upoB anrl blnorol
x {ax, H al tprtMepB rH A paB JtH - i", /-6es c*Pvrile-
r-noaepxuo.r" "0i,,*"lT:3"I_lrE.? .ffigHf"y"r";."X.'"'"";
qeCKOM npbIlKKe, Be.rtHqtlIlbI A lt An,r*s 3HSqHTeJIbt{bI, ll Hx HeJIb3fl
HeyqnTbrBarb I-Ipu o6rexattHlI,IlanpltMep,
rrprrnporr{o3el(aBr.rraunlr.
racaTeneti 3HeprRII E*,r*.- W : 0,3 -- 0,5, a
-
B HeKoro- flpH raxon nporHo3e Bo3HHKHoBeHLIfl KaBHTaUwuAJrfl.-orupeAeJre-
MoIyT 6nrl ncnoJIbsOBaHbITeopeTuqecKueno,q,cqeTbl
,-5
HHfl BaKyyMa
p b rx c J ry q a rx Aa x e BH rr Je(saecs V - cK opocrb B paccMarpnB ae- -;
MeTOA6IOnpeAeJIeUHflht^^ C 1OMOUI6IO
ftsa. H AKcIIepHMeHTaJIbHbIe
u o ft s o H e [3 4 , 3 9 1 ). I-l p n 6esorpbrB H oMo6reK aH H H rrrraB H oo6rexa-
e Mb rx re .n (n a n p n M e p , o ronoB K on rpy6 r4Jtr4B oA ocnH non) B eJIH qI{- nbe3oMerpon (E;o*) u AarrIHKoBnyJlbcaqnn AaB'Ileunfi(A) '
H d A r . r * " _ M a n a( o 6 s r u H o 8 n , " * "( 0 , 1 ; . 2.3. Hau6olee AocroBepHbIMB HacToqqee BpeMfrcnoco6ou npo-
2.2. llporuoe yc.nonnit BosHHKHoBeHHflKaBHTaUHH,orreBHAI{o, rn03a H39zl;taBO3HHKHoBeHHfl KaBHTaUHHHa o6reraeublx 3JleMeHTaX
3aKrloqaercfi B ToM, qro6u reM HJIH HHbIM nyreM AOCTaTOTIHO Ha- BoAonponycKltblx rHAporexHHqecKHXcoopyxesnft cneAyeT cqnTarb
Aex(Ho onpeAenHTbMecTonofBJreHHflMaKcHMaJIbHofoBaKyyMa H ero cnOCO6,.ocHoBaHHufi Ha rrpHMeHeHl.l.HKpuTuqeCKUxna.pdn4eTposKa'
B e n H q H H y -h " ^ rr,a 3 a re M H cnoJl b3oB arb3aB H cnMocrb (4) al n (4' ).3a-
t7
l6
+
I
t
t

luraquu .(r.n, no.nyqeHHblxno Aarrnbrr\I onblTon, nponeAegHbrx,e iia- BHe3TOFO,19-BHAHMOMy, ser HeO61OAHI\{OCTH O[peAeJIfTb TaKHe 3Ha-
BH T a rrH o u H u xc re H A a x .l ff* u IIpoBoAHrb Ha HHX pacqer coopyxeHnft'
- flpn TIaJIHTIHTI cunbnoryp6y;rasnpoBauoro noroKa ralafr, Mero- "."t"B 6y4lrUeir, oAHaKo, AJrfr_sJleMeHron, pa6orarcu1ux. np4 KaBHTa-
noJlyqarb
.AHKa Aaer cyulbcrneuno 6o.nee roqHue.pffiynbrarbr, qeM MeroAHKa Unr{ B noToKax'suCoroft ryp6y.rreHrHocTn' UeneCOo6ga3Ho
c rrpHMeHeHHeMAaTqHKOB,TaK. KAK - C rrOMOIIIbrOnOCJreArrHxHe 'V :7 1341,rIoKs3bI-
xoeQenUgeHr npoAon)Kgre.Ilbnocrn KaBHTaUHH
yAaercq saQHrcnpoBarb c AocraroqHori ro'{Hocrbro noJrHbre BeJrH-
na-
r{xHbr nyJrbc}rpyroqnx daxyynaon B rrenrpax enxpeft u nonyueHHbre BaroIIIHfi-Ao.illoBpeMeHI{El, n retIeHI'Ie KoTopqro nyJlbcnpytoutuft
3HarIeHHx xosQ$itt{ueHroB BaKyylvtHocrlrMoryT 6urn saHu)r(eHsunrn KyyM AocTHraer np_eAe,raKaBHTaqHH, OT O6IqerO paccMaTpHBaeMoro
e 1,3-1,7 paaa u 6o"neeilo cpaBueHnro c .(np t3g, g]. pe)IffiMepa6orrl co6pylKg44fl'3to
'H3JrolKeHHoro, ^6o.nee T npn AaHHoM
orpe3Ka BpeMeHH
C yqeroM ycJroBue oTcyrcrBnn KaBHTaTIHHrrpl- noluonnt HaAex(Ho nporHo3upoBarb KaBHTaUHoHHytospo36lo
TICT BHA: lr ycTaHaBJIHBaTb To 3HarIeHHe(:ftxpe AIn AaHHbIx ycnOBHiI, rIpH
Bo3Hl{KHeT 9po3HH HI|H OHa
U u Kxe, (8) KOrOpoMH B clyqae KaBHrauHH-eLqe He
rie (r.u - KpHTHrtecxur?
napl,lrerp KaBHTa(r{H, ( no Qoplryne -(2),
T. €.'3Haqe.HHe 6yaet He3uaqnTenrnofi. .
npn KoroPoM A.ns .u,aHHoro
o6rexaeuoro rera npn AaHHoMxapaKTepeero o6rera- nanoPnuxtPV6
BxoAsueoronoBKH
HIrr HaqHlraeT nonBrfTbcs KaBHTaqHfl.
Ha>re rlpHBoAnrcfl gHaqeHnfi (^p AJrf pa3nnrrHbrx3JIeMeHToBBo- cryqae n QoPuY.ne(2) naao npHHHMarr(Puc. l0)
2.4. B AaHI{oM
AorrponycKHbrx coopyx(euuft, nonyqeHHbre ro Aa HHbtM .na 6op arop Hbrx Ilagp: z ! T'1 (e)
lrcc.n'eAoeauufi,flpoBeAeHnbrxB KaBHTar{HoHrrbrx H BaKyyMHbrx creH- V*rp: V, )
Aax npH orcyrcrRHH cneqfiaJrbHo noa6yx4aeMbrx B onbrrax-sHaqH-
reJIbHbIX BOJIHIIa cBo6oAnoft noBepxHoitlr noToKa (npu onbrrax co
cso6oAHoft noBepxnocrrro) H ruApoynpyrnx eadpauuft o6rexae-
-ttfff*rcrByroq""
xapaKrepHcri4KH; norryqeHHbre He 2
.5
"u*yyMHbre .s
-B KaBHTaunoHHuix ycraHoBKax, Hanpnnrep, Cp iraxc H Cp*"r." - Anfl 2 €
6es-orpurs Ho o6reKa eMbrx rel, uoryr .npn6n H,y(eHHonp HHHMarbcf - s a \
(<KpHTI;rr{ecKHe n apaMerpbr KaBHTaTIHH>. \ g
s E
(-t Ii !I r "
Lns n.rroxoo6TeKaeMbrxreJr, Ha Koropblx Bo3Mo)KHa KaBHTarrHfl \ b
l. I L--n
;- '--
IV Qopu*, aaryyMHbre xapaKrepncrnKn, rrorryr{eHrrueHe B KaBHra- 5

qHoHHbrxycTaHoBKax,HcnoJrb3oBaTb }re peKoMeHAy€tcx,TaK I(aK gTo


rlox{er npr{Becrx x 6onuunM ouru6nau nporHo3a H HeAoorregKe:xaBn-
s
t
b
I
s
q)

5 V*
'{-K-
t.-ro .l-:lL
TauHoHHoftonacHocrn. q75 lr?5
llolryvenHbre B KaBHTauHoHHbrx ycraHoBKax 3Haqeuan.Kr.pTaKx(e
seJislorcn npu6nwKeHHbIMHH 3aBHcflT oT MeToAHKHLrxonpeAeJreHgfl ;
(snayanrHo, c ltoMorrlbro Bh-IcoKocxopocrHofi KHHoc'beur<u, c no-
P n c . l t . f p a Q u r 3 a B H c H M o c re
H on^u:t G) Ars. axoAH-oroOTOJIOBI{A
IrorrlFro_yJrbrpa3ByKoBoft-annaparypbr H rrp.). Kporvreroro, nhpa-
Iterp (*p .flBJlflercfl Be./IHtIHHofi,rpe6yroufefi crarlacrnqecKoro noA- 5,;'+ 5; 0,3 -<
npnMoyronbHblx rlY6uHHux. no.u,oc6poc""'
( +'>-
xoAa, nocKoJrbKy oH 3aBHcHTOT nyJrbcarrr4H AaBJreHHft,r. e. or Bepo- "
* +='P)
o6reraHun oroJIoBKa Mo)KHo IIpHHHMarb
flpn 6esorpuBHoM
raxxe [40]
K*p - cpMa*c, (10)

IIPHq.M
I OqesH.[,Ho, eule 6oree HaIe)KHbIMH
J,o.'rxHbt 6urt asaqesuq K,.p, nonweHHble c p i l a K c :e p r ^ * " * b t ' * " ' (ll)
no ,4aHHbIM o6croqre"trbHbIX, Tr.r(3Te.r'rbr{o
npoBeAeHHblx HarypHbrx llcc;Ie,4onaHufi-
(7); 6rr*"-MaKcnuaronufi xoaQ$uUueHt
olHaxo, K coxaJeurn, TaKHe qucrguarusHpoBaHHbre3HaqeHi,riK*n_iroKa errle or- 3aecuidouarc H Cpuaxcrio (6)
c) rcrByloT a.
n),nbcar{HIt'BaKyyM
l8 ,* t9
t
f
l
2.5. Vcnosne6esorprrBHocruoroJreBr(ano E..H.
lrMeeT BHA:
fly.6nnuuxy
[21] [.nn s"n.nHnrrrqecKirx oronoBKoB npnMoyrorsHu-x Ao]rHbrxrpy6 Ha
t ocHoBaHHHOnbrroBAJrR yc.noanft n.nocrofi 3aAaqH E. vl. Ay6nuvnx
' -13.
0, )- 0, np, peKoMeHAyernpHHHMarb 3Haqesns O, np rro rpaQany pgc. Kax
(12)
rre 0, - xoeQ$nutrcHT BHAHOH3 sTOrOrpasura, 6esorpuBHbreoronoBKH xapaKTepH3yrorcfl
phc.rpy,6rrocrrr.
AoBoJrbHo 6olruuuu 3HaqeHHffMH xoe$QnuneHra pacipy6Hbcrla (no-
nns ray6aHHurx rpy6, HMeK)rr(HXflopor H oAHHaKoBbreoqepra_ .:ryr{eHbr r{_3ycJroBr,rflorcyrcrBr{fl y noBepxHocr}r oroJroBKa o6parHux
-H H fr'n o ro J rKa H AH a ororroB K a (p" g,
a ArInAoHHbrxrpy6 (puc. 12) O,:i""/ri -10 r p' c:. l l ),'-' 0" :r+ ' 2i r. cKopocreft). flparruqecKn 6esotpuBHbrMH 6ytyr H Hec5oJrsxo6o.rree
(h"r:-a*r).
o)
tpnarc 1,20-

1,6 l,g . L,!J


rle Puc. l3- fpaQurc3aBtrcuMocrH
[1 Pnc. 14. 3Ha,tenHs nonpa-
-/r,\ H' BOqHOTO
Cpno* *,no:.tlilJ npnZ: .o. MHO:KflTETfl Y _
(eo*",,.)lo,atr'
nr-
@ffi;nn
HoyfoJrblrbrx
rpy6 nr^ lrz.

o6xrar ue or o; r oBKH( c nneHsunM H3HaqeHHr M HO r ) ; ua. r HqHeHe6o. nl-


ruofi sonbr orpbrBa He npnBeAer K cyqecrBensofi rorpeuHocrn B npo-
|HO-3C BO3HHI(HOBCHHfl KABHTAIIHI4 C H C T T O J I b 3 O B A T I N E MI I P H B C A C H H b I X
Hnxe^Aaunux (c yr{erorvrnyJrbcar{HfiAasre ruunl-
2.6. Enc. Kpveosblx . oro.noBKoBnpnrwogeortbHbtxrpy6' 3HaqeHHfl
Cp orr*c ilroryr 6url npHHrrbt no AaHHbrr\{ E. M. tlHxnaureHnr.r
[5[-55]' Ha pnc. 12 srn AaHHbIerIpHBeAeHbrB BHAe 3aBHcnnaocreri
: lz-=-r r\-
: f\ -;'
Cp:rrar.ic AByx oqeprannrl oro.noBKoBAoHHr,lxBoAo-.
")AJIfl
c6pocoa, a Ha prac. I I - A.rs rpex oqepraunfi ororoBKOB r"ny6unHux
t^ lg , 2,0
rla no4oc6pocoBB BHAe3aBucnMocrerl Cp,,r"r.":f (r/a)
Puc. 12, fpaQur 3aBucr{Mocrn
e p.,^_-= f- (4, fl p ll rr e q a H lr e. flpn bla)Z B 3Haqenaff Cp.n rn" cJre;lyer BBoAHrb noppa-
MrNc a' so.IHsrir iltHo:*iHTeJIb
\
BxoAH
I'rx ororoBKoa 'J"i:"=: btx
;ilffi ;,doHH
"
r-f >.t,0;,- rA' -,r, s-1J:o,s; a- !-!:z,o;
no rpusofrpnc. 14.
20
2r
i

Cr nt;xc
'! 1i

t.ic / 4
,^,.7
./,

0,9;i
ltl
,l
Pnc. 15. I-paSrr 3aBHcH.
MocrHeon^*"=f (+\
Itfl Bxo,.Hblxr,o,.,n,n}nt"l
cKHX OTOJIOBKOB npsMO-
yronbHbrxray6ruuux Bo-
I .u,oc6pocoB
I /-'ir=1,0, &:l/3; i 2-7r-0,75,
z1r=.0,25; J-1,:9,66, t:0,2J;
'1,0. 8,0 /2,0 4-\tfl ,ffi, 1r0,15; 5-1,:1,0,
nz:4),Zl cO Cr(pyr,teHHbrMH yr-
Hia naMH npE trQ,11o fi rr{,zla.

H,] 'pHc.
"^ Mypa, o. ^15 no AaHHbIMHccJreAoBaHlfrrrnoHcKu*HH)Ker{epoB
9.' frynm, X. Harcarasa {4r]r. nocrpoeHbr3aBHcHMocrH
cp n.*c :f (I{la) Anff pa3.,'rnr{Hbrx
3HarreHHfi
,1, Tz.Hapuc. l6 npnne-
"
Lrtnerc

Pnc. 16. fpa$nr 3aBHcHMocruen..^_.-


- f (tz) aor rrronr'qec*Hx orol[tul"o"
rpslroyronbHbrx r.ty6uHHuX BoAo:
c6pocoa
'$>+,s*s
H.
rlro
1r:l,o; r+,s.

- : -12-r Hn
P r r c .1 7 .f p a S n r 3 a B H c H ! ' I o c r * e p u ^ * " : f ;'f ,
|\
t flpn SToM nprHnManocb ep xarc :
iiT - H -o'!!_-!ie^x1puc.
ro), \
"
I(pyfnHxI-ly6uHtti'txn
rldl nan Kp.yroBbtx ororloBKoB
I '
fAe ? - --;:, npUveU2""* n p H H f f T n o 3 a B r r c H \ { o c r r M , n p H R e . { e H H u r r ,nt AoHHbtx eo4oc6pocoa.
/ I -i- [41],
?"*
rio3{pQHTIHeHT COnpOTHBrreHHr Ha BXo,q Anfl nprrMoyroJrbHr,rx rpy6 {s:(l_ 0,04, a
.tjls rcpyrnux rpy6 - (o* : 0,02.

22 2:j
3aBucl4Mocrll
M. gHxsa[TBHJII{'B BI]Ae rpaQHKa
IEHbt AAHHbIC E.
: 11rl2l rrPrr rlr
: const: l'o' '
H:.l3iti'l
ruarc
= "p*'r' ----. -^.,K
gloi::::l-Y{"fil -rin.
nnrrRpIIeHbI Ha

3saqess
3sa_qessn CLpuancAJrf
AJrr_,"i:i;;J:i";"6:
prraHc .tti narueu.nn),a rla
{t"*"H*fffi:'^ "'rt
pt,.. r!
p',.. 17 Artnxpvronux oronoB'Kot'
nn'-*qIi.::Y::^:J:1":':#r\.J, t*ypu, C'
lo..Mypu, PIvnH
c. Plynu tt
tp nuxc
o
e'nnnn'rqecKl'Ix- Jno
J;"G;^iO.
[;;: ia i""
X. F IararaBa)'
'i.i. 0""1":-Ll:g?t|i , 86rro*
sruqeHltn
no (l l) i
ooP"Yne
*o,l'ot"';;;;;
o" ot* i\rrHoBel{Hbrx3*aqe-
rqufi-

;; ;;61-ri no
r{ocrn
Puc. 18. I'Pa$ur 3aBH.cH ,:;;i fl,rNrrKCrMox(Ito onpeAerurb
I H U\
eon"*": f tq, r,nl BxoA- 3aBncuNlocrIt-
V' I (13)
HbIX S J T J I H N T H q C C K H KO f O J I O B K O B ' b*nu*3: ftebs1'tu*t'
xPYrlsrx tPY6
Ba-
b: cTaHAapT nyJlbcaUltII
I - 0 , 6 < r ; , <t ; 9 - 1 P ; 2 - 1 ' : l ' O
y'**
rA9 6"".r.axc-0
.'lt:114.

it,ria*",
:&i:"t-1$s-x:
;'fuIA le?,i
-vu'tu"a'our
ttit nepoRruocTb--il{aKcH'
nllno" naxyyrira N Pr'rc. 20- lpa{rlrr
3sBHCllllocT}l
ruYrIoBnynoauo"o**''"*
(ia6.rr.3). ;;:;"":i i';t Axn 3rln*'r*qe-
Ha KoroPbfx Ka- .*ri'i "d.onoBKo B n p fl Moyr oJIbHblx
Ang ofo.,'loBl(oB,
pel(oMeH- - r PY6( npu 'r lt: r / '
BHTauHfl He AOnycK-aercfi'
nPHrIi{M8Tb l(0= r}'u'
AYeTCf Ta6'tu4a 3

fte np$ paalnnnoil


3naqennq xoa$SnuHeHToB

vc.rrosneM orcvrcrB Hn """ :;:;;;";';-.,o"'nrrnpl


Vc.rrosneMorcvrcrB-ynl{aBurau'Y..qyi":.1n"#ih#t"rl;t""1
urorcrr s Il aqeHHr
B KOropoM utttto K*p npn6'nuxeHHo
- Ce*"*")
Cp oraoc(a c naeHlureftTotlHocrblo pa3MepoB
2.8. Alf npn6'nuxenHoro o'npeAeJle""1-lonycrllMblx
yctto'sltn orcyJcrBHf Ka-
*u nou.pxHocrll oroiouxoB ?3
ndpor"ocreft yKa3aHHrMlI tt' 2'28--2'43'
Bltraurlrl cJeAyer noJ[b3oBarbcn
BoAocJIrlBo
earyyMHbte oroJloBKH
Eesorpuoito o6rexaemsie
BaKyyM Ha oro-
I+r ' ''u 2.9. MarcnMarbllltft ocpeAHeHHbIiIBo BpeMeHH
'0 0rZ 0r* u,b u'o
JroBKe BOAOCflHBa
' fr\ (14)
brxvar"
3aBHcHMocreft : / Arlfl Bxor'Hbtx ofo'J l o B K o B h"r*: cgHg,
Pnc. 19. I'par$nrr (nJ
'soAoc6Pocos BoAocJIHBa c )'qe'
BaKylt{Hoctn', H's- Hanop Hatr' rpe6ueu
v.*t J]ilaouepraHue /1; r.f,e oo - xoaQ$ltuHeHT
1-l,ttsBOnOC6pocoB OqepTalrHg h 2--l,tsnoToJIKaE cTeHoK-oq.epraHf-fl
IV'u-VI1 4-tJts crefioKor{epra- noAxo'la (Puc' 2l)'
3-s.trs nororris oil 5;6;;ih-ttfn-"d;q;;;-;""1;i;"4 roll cKopocrH 25
npnrroyrb'ruuoroceqennr)'
ttu|t IIL IV" n VI n i,Ha o'{eprtHnrri7'Iii'"d:o[opottx

24
i'a'6ttu4a 5
Korr!{rrruneltr t}aKyy}tllocrtl onpeAeJln€rCnas bupaxeniifi 60 na
3HaqeHne xol$rpnulreHron]naxyymnocTll
os : {np6o,,6onr, (15) nPotPtt.ltlt flnotblrar
3a;rrrntrtqecrtte
Ho Kprrr-epi-O$rr
,q 'z:2,O qepoEa
r,I,e $np-roaQQutIHeIlT, yqHTHBaIoqHfi npocTpaHcTBennocTb 3aJLaqH; 6o" -{o-
- xoaQ$nuue_HT BaKyy,v-
eQQnurreHr, yqnTbrBaounft 3aronnenne Bo.ilocJlnBa; oonn
udcrlr pacbuarprrriaeuoro BoAoc.'rHBHoro npo$uflr B ycnoBusx nd'Iocxoti aa4aun. 1,00 0,47+
'0,571
120 0,000 0,059
2.10.-3HaqeHHfl o0 n;r A.'Ifl 3JIJIHnTHqeCKHX It KpyrOBOrO BOAOCJIHB--
o,123
0,647 0,162 0,021
Hbrx rpoQu.;refi (xoopAuHarn B ra5.n. 4), a raKx(e npoQllJlfl {pL-- - 11,40
,60 0,752 0, 31I 0,35.1 o,301
repa--OfonUepoBa (roop,U,rrnarblB ra6n. 6) AaHbI B ra6rl. 5 [33]. -1,90 0,859 0,454 0,490 o,475
2,W 0,962 0,597 0,631 9,649
Tadnuqa 4 7,057 0,7u 0,789 o,824
2,20
2,40 1, 138 0,887 0,928 o,994
Koopa,nH4Tbr oqepraHHfr Baryymubtx 3JrrlHnrnqecKfix npofrnefi I 1,060 1,163
1On -16: 2,60 1,22+ 1, 018
2,80 1,309 7,747 1,197 1,338
3,00 1,388 1,274 1,337 1,513
'L,470 1,690
3,20 1,483 l , 4 lI
3,40 1,580 1,550 1,626 1,965

I -1,000 1.,O00 -0,700 0,806 --o,472 .0,629


2 -o,960 0,720 -0,694 0,6i2 -o,462 0,462 2.11. Kos66nqueur t"p'
3 -0,990 0,525 -0,670 0,519 -o,432 0,327
- -a370 yqHTbIBaloulHft npocTpaHcr-
4 -o,744 0,327 -0,624 0,371 0,193
5 -0,530 0 ,1 5 2 -0,553 a,241 -0,253 0,072 BeHHOCTbSaAaqlI, 3aBIICHT OT
,6 --0,300 0,0.{6 -0,488 0,162 --0;13l 0,018 Ko3QQuqlIeHTa clKarllfl noro-
7 0,000 0,000 -0,402 0,031 0,000 0,000. Ka .6uxaMn B rlJIaHe tc:
8 . 0,200 0,020 -0,312 0,0.46 o,194 0,030
I 0,400 0,083 -:0,215 .o,0I2 o,381 0,095 + a1 (pf c. 2l ) H B.c,6-
:O[1U
t0 0,600 0,200 -0,117 0,003 0,541 0,173 ulet{ cnyqae or oqepTaHlrfi obl-
ll o,720 0,306 dooo 0,000 o,797 0,271 KOB Il HX pacroJlo)KeHllfli]- e'
1'2 0,832 0,445 0,173 0,025 0,866' 0,381 OT-BeJIHq*twat al16 wnu al H o.
l3 1,377 1,282 . 0,334 0,076 l,oy2 0,503
'0,623 . nPHMeHeHHfl Pe-
T4 .2 ,4 9 4 ' 2868 0,490 0,147 1,168 .B cJlyqae
15 3,670 4,722 0,631 0,223 1,318 0,760 KOMeHAyeMbIx' AJIfi B aKyyl\l HbIX
16 5,462 7,+10 0,799 0,339 1,456 0,890 BOAOCJIIIBOB BE'IABHHYTbIX B
t7 0,957.' 0,461 1,594 1,021
BepxHHfi 6seQ noryltflpKyJlb-
l8 1 , 1 0t7 0,595 1,7L4 1,163
19 1,243 0,731 1,955- I,320 HblX Viln KpHBOnHHeI'IHO-3a-
20 1,405 0,913 1,979 1,467 ocrpeHHblx 6itt<os' c a-
- .1,628
2l 1,551 l,0gg 2,144 -: (1,14--l$1)to ,rIrH c o>
t2 l,6gg 1,282: 2,240 7,792
23 2,327 2,246 2,U6 1,94:| >0,4 Ho *"*r KoeQ$HIrHeHT
no
24 2,956 3,lgg 2,462 2,106 S"p- MOIKHO onPeAeJIfTb
25 4,450 5,430 2,575 2,272 $opuyne:
26 5,299 6,704 3,193 3,214 (16)
. 4,685 ilnp-0,70e"+0,30
27 - 5,452
28 5,561 6,766 rrpH ec B rIpeAeJIaXor 0,8 AO
1 , 0 .t
' B cryqae -oAnoro Bor'o-
IlpuMesaHug: l. llo.ryoxenue *ooplunarnblx oceri lt o6ogHaqeHnflno
pnc. 2[. 2. o.:a'lbl-s111s111eHHe noJryoceft gnnunca oro.ilosxa (n uacrHo]t c,ly- cJIHBiIOfO OTBepcrHfi C nIaBHo
q a e o K p y ) K H o c T H a : l ) . 3 . r + - Q H r r r . r n u u f t p a 6 1 y _ c ' o f o J I o B K a B o A o c n I { B a- p a - OuepueunblMl't YcrcfiMH c. He- so'u'ob'rI{sa
21. Cxerta
Anyc oKpy)KHocrH, nnucaunoft rnrexrty cropoHa,v1 AB, BC vt CD (npu 66:1, ro- KOTOpbIM '3arlacoM M O ) K H O- Pnc. eefriHuri 6leQ 6ulKaMn',
ssaqeHufi Koop-
c BbtABttHyrbluun"u*.iy"rto'o
aelicrsaiirruHrrft patayc KpHBu3Hsr ororosra). 1. .(aa nolyqenntt rpHHHMarb lPnp= 1,00-
AflHar rorreK so,q,ocrrrBHoronpoQuJlrr npu ro2l Heo6xolnMo npuBeAellllHe n ra6- flpn'
J | H q e3 H a q e H . H f, t H y y M H O X H T bH f r r p . t 3ra 3aBHcnMocrbnoJIYqeHa,4,'[n 3rrHnrur.recKorqnposann c a:2'0'oqepra-
no.tlb3oBarbcfl rI ano npotpH'nefi Apyrnx
6ruxegHo elo ItIox(Ho ""*yyrdHblx
uHfi. 27
26
Ta6.tut4a
: I '0)
npo+H"rlff (Ho > (f/r,po,h)oes"a*; rrP
BaKyyt{8oro
tlHH ero B l(ar{ecrBe
rlpt{ ncnorlb3oBa
npoQnnfl KPnrePa-OSuUePoaa
Koop.u,unarbt oqePTaHHs
N , 'o*n
]e TOqKtl [
TOVKIl
33 3,674 4.060
25 2,661 9,2E5 4,315
1,647 0,968 2,83 34 3,801
-0,380 I 0,63;] 0,185 t7 1,774 1, 105 26 L787 35 3,928 4,575
I 0 ,1 6 0 l8 27 2Bt4 2,690 4,835
-0.258 0,0{6 10 0.760 0,251 1800 1,249 2800 36 4,054
2 0,837 0,324 19 1,4M 28 3,041 4, 181 5,110
3 -0,127 0,001 tl 2,O27 3,120 37
0.0c0 12 1,014 0,406 20 2,154 1,565 29 3,197 38 4,308
'4,4U 5,383
4 0,000 2r 30 3,294 3,334 5,660
0,127 0,008 t3 l,l 40 0,499 2,281 1,733- 3,570 39
5 1,267 0,602. 22 1,910 3l 3,421 4,561 5,950
6 0,25:J 0,034 14' 2,N7 3,548. 3,820 40
15 1,334 0,715 2l
2,534 2,095 32
7 0,3fJc G076 2+
0,127 16 1,520 0,837
8 0,507
npn
6eanaryyllHblM t''ut ' '
I - l p u M e q a H t l e ; A a r r r r l r i in p o Q n r r cBrflercs AonI:rllMbIX
ff'-' lloto onpeAeJleHHflpa3MepoB Hn x a -
2.1 4. ^rtn IIp I46JIHx<eH ltlry:::' :,:',,I;;;" i *ivrcis
yqHTbIBaIOUIeto 3aronJIeHI{e
2.12. 3Ha.{eHrrqr(o3e$rrqtreHra
9if., HepoBHocTeftHanoaepxHocTHoroioexaH3ycnoBHgoTcyTcTl
B O A O C J I H B ar l,o l K H o n p H H H M a r b n o r a o ' I l '
7 n QyHxulIH or orHocnreJlb- BI{TaqI,IncJIeAyeT[oJlb3oB ' n ' 2 . 2 8 _ rp
a T b c ' l y K a 3 a H l r s * ItcJI'rb' f l aa'
2 . 4H3H.HM pa-
Z p.^orvren^yelcn _Bblq
.Horo noAron.,leHHfl hnfHs (plrc' 22)' Merp KaBr.rrarr;;' /(' ; -; l ; _ B
oB-Ka
oron Mecr:
2.13. Au nlltrY.ll,s il!;'Ib-
u * i r,..ru" y-"Jt;; ; ;t{ "olnn"^ -:\4 T
caqIIH B aK yyN Ia (6e5 yuera
].t : i"#P
MOXeT
BaKyyMa (19)
f,r.fl.H4fl BO,'IH) -
6uro nPrl6nl{x(eHHo,-c 3a- Vxap: vor = {T[16;Po'
raco.M, nPlIHflra [33] cJIe-
-a Hxap-- H3 YC'nOOUfi (20)
Ayloqefi:
Hxap: Hu-n'"*:
v2
6 _ bvarc = 0,1 (/10 * ftrr*), paciexare'ruH paculennrertrnoroKa
E I-aclrie'nngHeprHH'
(17)
racl{rei
2.15. SnaqeHur Knp -[g,A"11 p:l3iIHtIHbIx
Pnc. 22. Cxelta 3aToTIneHnoro BaryyllHo- Ir c yrleroM 3ABIIC14MOCTII rpHBeAeHbI Hz
rarereri no run"t* ?5,'3?l
srHx eHa'ierrHitKr,p B Qopu-Y{e
ro BO,IOC'lIHBa'
( 5 )m ( l a ) : HCnoJrb3OBaHHH
(18) - h BoAnHoro
eelgora crt
hu^* t-(1,los + 0,10) //o- ff::;": i;+-[,-'^"
B KoHue BoAc
racHTeJIe", y"tu"oBJIeHHbIx
yAoBJIeTBOpflTb Anh - ft'. (PHc' 24 u 25\
t{ ro 6 u tte 6 o tn o x a s u ra qH H ' 3Ta BeJrHr{HHa AoJI)I{Ha xeHHo np"""*u ;;;:
h*
ttu"Y:]^r,,o,'.*r*
yc.nonr.rro(4'). 'Ann B cxaToY
crcopocri r{e-B KoHue BoAo6off, 3Haqe-
He
Tadttu\a 7 nacrlTeJleft' pacnoJlolKeHHblx
__
H | 4 f l ' h c l e A y e r i l p H H H M a T b t l o o n b I T I { np".
b I M .Aitat *:
HHbIM B c or oAe
0'2q' T Bhp
eTcTBHH
ioo pacnonoxenu. * . . ". *; ; t .
c npr4Hf r br M rIy6uHo['{
3naqeHns roeQ$HunbHroe 3aronJlenn" ")
x-_ paccTotlHrte oT ceqeH*"'to-c)KaToiI
AJTHHanpbrx(Ka; +- 0'85; Ann racurerleft'
= 0'75
Ab racnre.nn(puc. 25,o) n#F
h rtoxuo oilpeAenrrbB coorBer-
hniHo

npHBeAeHHbIx pol?:
"a ?-a.:,ur?tiu"ry
[18]'
crBHHc peKoMe'rAaultsnnn -
,r.reB.rrrf
iloKa3blBatour
1,0 | ,,oo 0,98 0,88 0,61
2.16. Ha prtc' 26 npnee4eHbl 3aBIIcIIMocrll' pac-
2,0 I l,oo 0,99 0,98 0,96 orHoc'rerrbHoro
HHe H? Knp inp" H*nn=nr{n';-*;t:V"\'
cKpyrn""it"-n"peAHHx pe6ep rlB
vu blB H.
npoQu'netl c a ) 2 rloxHo llcnoJb3o- crof Hr{f Me)KAyracr{re,Is
lI rr x M eq a n lte. .I|,''tg3'ItJ-IHnrnqecrcnx q':2'0' 29
tt*uu"*"" boo, optnu".*""*'tu.":"
"uto "nt*ufl

28
. E
]I
+ I
\y\ .:,ff3ffd
?.qh ,

#
rH6 I-fi1p=$'
II -Kup=2,t;Kzp=lkfi
l( IE-Kry=l$'t$ o
TTTr IY.-Krp=01-Uf. ', t r : o
r.ffi Y-firp=LT-MfrreAfinA
W -rrp=A,f-W
WI-Krr=1,5-1'7

Pnc.23.3HaqeHnrKx.=alrHerotopsixBHAoBracnte.neit.3Hefrl|l|.
- , L l
. t-l

p"a. ZS. facttrelu


o
3HeprHH' ycraHaBnnBaeillble B Haqane
a-.tinu pacnoJoxe'r'ri 'utn'"""*i -6-*nt't racltreaefi:
pon6uvecxrE,I I t -nnpawt'd'aJlbllHe'
BoAo6og
r-xy6rt'tecxtrc' II-

- I Krp=1,4{ IKrP=l'2 :
;

n KaP=0,J5 U Kyi=1,05

Prc. 26. Bnusnr're Ha Krp


orHOCnreJIbHOro paccrofl-
|lHg MexAy, racHTergMll
b!B u cKPyrneHuf, nePe/l'
nHK pe6eP rlB flrrff o,4'-
Horo H3 BHAOB IIJaureq-
Itoro racnTenfi.
Pnc. 24. Kpnrnuecrue napaverpu KaBHraqHl! HeKoTopl'lx BH-
AOB racHTeJIeH SHeprHH
30 h'n_atopaetonprxeuHaarny6r,rrra;lr,_oucoraracflTeng..
I
-3HaqeHlI
npbl}KKa tla
Z.lg. BrHqrtne cTe[eHH 3aronJleHl{r 6blrb oUeHeHo
P. M. Pa' [39] uoxer
AJrfloAHo.o lia^BHA.B lrratueqr{brx ractlreneit (no onura*r rrfelna3oHe rlnp f ,O O"- 1,5 nplr6.tl'x(eHH;
":tH ' n ' P o a a t t o s a :
no 3aBIICHMOCTH
- t ('(lnp- l)' (21)
(ff*p)'r'p = (K*p) 'lnp:t
'r:e(K*p)Tnp-KpxrnqecK-]i--:.1ltj""rpK'aBuraun'lnpnill'aHHoM3l{aqeHilt{Ko-
- Kpnrnqecxni'r napaMerp
rrpQnunent" ruro'nneHun rpbr*-in"tii{:ili**=l roaQtpnquent'
- 8); onr'rrirhil
KaBurauHHnPn anp 1,0 (ta6r' "
flpu KY6HqecK*lx
Kx0 racui enqx a'=0, 70'
0,1 poM6uqecKnx d.:0,52
tI nHPaIvIHAaJIbHbtx
,t:0,64.
2.19. Cxeua oAHo- ftry=2,44
FO H3 THNOB HOCKOB-'
pacuenHre.nefi nPl- xP=2,2
.e .Kz
b"A."u PHc. 27'
"c "" PacUe[H- '' l(txp
Enr- sToro
"N reJlg K*p:0,68 nP-l{ 2.528 &
€ 3HaqeHrlqx Hxap--H^
0 0,05 0,10 u Vxap:Vs (no nau.-
sr t _
q.)
rlc HbIM - PICCJIeAOBaHHH
f . H. Uenpoea H
Pnc. 27. Cxelta pacuienu- Pnc, 28. B.rucHHeHa K*p cI(PYr- B. B. Jlranosa)-
.reHHfl EepxHHX npo.u,oJbHblx
TeJifl.
pe6ep-pacuiennre;refino Ptic' zr
,[.ns sToro xe Pa-c^
E 'HagaJe Pacqe- uiennre.nr Ha Prac'28
C:O,75h-.urtPnna TOL
'0.
IIpHBeAeHa KpItBafl,
fIHTe-1fl' o'lo
r/Br
xapal(repn3ytouafi
( no SoPmYrre(2) HaAo nPH- BJtHflHHe cKpyrJIeHHfi o
co
KaK TaKHe 3HaqeHHf ilpl',IHHMa- bepxnr,rx nPoAoJIbHbIX *s-lt
$e6ep Ha BenfiqHHY 61
K*o.
'2.20.
Tadnuu,a I "3uaqeHtta
Knp AJIfl ABYX THnoB
3naqesnn K*p A;rn rreKoropbrx_THIIOB tUaueqHbtx racnrelefi - pacreKa-
gHeprHH nepBoro pfAa, ycTaHoBileHHblx B Haqane eojto6os racltreneil
"'(il.-H. 'poda"6ny
n. n AyH Eafi-nanrc) [391 re.neIl, YcraHoBJIeH-
IIbIX HA HAKJIOHHOM
"xP n'prrhrlh, eoilo6oe II Pa6orarc-
THn racure.leti 20 t,t ulHx npH orGyrcrBl{ll
|
noATOIIJIeHIIfl co cTo-
I,.19 I,+ 5 1,37 1,30 1,20 1,lo DOHbI IIHlKHero 6ueQa
0,90 0,86 0,80 o,T4 0,67 0,60 ittp" Vxap-Vna6,
rA€'
Prrc. 29. 3naqettns K*p .nln
aByx rnnoB Facll-
t , l 2 1,08 l ,o2 0,97 0,92 0,86 VH,aO - CKOPoCTb IIa- relefi-PacTeKar9neH'-
6erasnn nepeA r acn-
TeJIeM Ha ypoBHe ero
I 3 H a . r ' e l r H q K r' r p B en r c r B y l o r B o 3 t { H K H o B e H I l l oK a B l t r a q H H H a
i O cAoOo6r O
caMHx racll' IIapnc'.29'
rii"n : nli n), npnnes'el{bt
- H3-
n U e n r p a x n t l x p e f r , ' c p H B a 1 6 l l l H x c f lc r a C t t r e ' q e f r '
il;;"';
- ,ol"t.o"ti, pacrel(are.neftnpnBoAHrK
re.rRs; KaBHTal{ttrI nptt- Z.Zl.,CrpyrJreHrrep_e6gp I(aBHra-
q ' H a e r c r r p a u b u e . 5 " l u a * r n " / ( r . n , b ' r o e q a r c [ t H e H a r { a . q yK. a B t l r a L l l t H n o 4 o 6 o n ,
6' ;;;;;;tift r,io, r' e' cy u{ecrBettHo yrlyq uaer
(rrp fl nlrfa;urla.lbljbtx racttre.tcir. i*;;;.*r",. -
6.,1rs're.rul{o paB'H Afl
zu
3
32
IIH o u H b rex a p a K Ie p u c TH K HsrH X 3JIeMeH TOB(pnc. 24, 26, 28, 29) '
[-t+,461,Koropbtr-r pa3oHqaerABapacqeIHYIc'nyuan:1) Ko]IueHrpH-
Cxpyr.neHuepe6ep Ans ycrpaHewtff oqaroB KaBHTaIIHlr^ HJIHyMenb- 'recKnect€Hxn HrrI AHo H noronoi< (pu'c' 30' a) i ?) -l"-TlP-:.',K'HBH3- H3
uIeHHfiee HHTeHCHBHOCTH MOIKeT H
npHMeHflTbcfl B ApyrHx cJlyqafx'
';;;';'p;;oti"""n"oi-* no".p'ruocreft 1-" :9.::aAalor' nPHr{eMoAHa
HanpxMep,A.tls 6opt6u c KaBHraUuefteOAo6On3a racHTeIqMH c na- Dtox(eT6srrl AalKenpf MoJIHHefiHoil (pti", 3.0'6-e\' '
lroBepxHocreft Ha
ptnien""umn 6oxbBbIMHrpaHflMH (pnc.-9) nroxuo cKpyrJlHrr udso- HJIHBaKyyMB roqKei (pnc' 3l)
2.24.OcpenrreHHble AaBJeHHe
rure pe6pa racHre.as.B sroM clyqae lqoryr 6urs npHMeHeHbIH Bbl-
y AHa B HH3oBoftqacrn [60]. paccTofl|HflaoToc}IBoAoBoAaHacTeHKe'ArIeuilnHanoToJIKeceqe-
pe3brB Facl{renfx, pacnoJlo)KeHHble
2:22. A.nn Bo.ito6ot'tHoft creHx6, ycTaHoeleHHofi B Kol{qe BoAo6ofl,
Mox{Honpl1HHMarsKnp:0,466 i/o r<awAJtfl Bblcryn? (n' 2'32) npH
Tsap: Vaae rt H="0: H r+ h (plrc- 4), rge h ---' tny6nua BoAbI HaA
B e p ro } l c T e l l KIl .
lloaopotut HanopHblxao4oc6pocoe

yqacr-
2,23. Pac,{ertr lae"reTruii }r cr(opocref,rHa KpI{BoJIHHefIHblx
r{ax Hanoqn?t* no;oc6pocoB Iuo)KIIo npoBoAnrb no C. M. C.nltccl(oMy

a)
IF

Fr+h'=Rz ' - v1 :
R1f R2-h
Pnc.Sl.CxertuKpacqeTyKpHBonl{Hel"tHstxyqacTKoBHanop.
e) Hblx BO.X,OBOAOB.

Bo-
ygn I-[ t(pHBOi]]tHeftsoro yqacTKa npavrbyroJlbHoroHangpHoro
.lOBOAaOnpeAeJIflrorcfl no 3-aBHCHMOCTI4
-

(z\:(z)
t \ / - \

vP", (n\
\r/t \rlt-t T
/-\
- ocper.HeHHoe aaB.reHHe B ceqegHH /-/, onpeAetleHHoe no ypaB.HeHl{lo
,.o. [p_)
\11r-t -cocraB-
BepHynl' (6es y.rera nepephcnpe4eneHllffAadneHuqHa noBoporc):p*ft
o6yc'lOe'reHHafl
J.aB"[el{Htt, HopMa'rlbHbtx
n'eficrsHel\l
.lRrOI[aflrH.A,poAHHa]ttlqe-CKoro
ycxopeunr"r.
cocTaBflflto-
2.25. BnHqHtte KpHBH3l{bl BoAoc6poca Ha BeJIHLIIIHy
Il 3aKariqnBaeTcfl B ceqe-
l|left AaBrer{Hfl p"ly saqpri{aeT.cKa3blBaTbcf
yAaneHHH cooTBercrBeHHO oT HaqaJla (t-*t)
R2!x IrHfiX rra r{eKOTOpoy Y
;r;;il" ix-x) 'p"ly yqacrKa (perc.31, a); BerHtIHHa eroft
Pnc. 30. C*"uu, yqacrKot noBoPoToB HanopHbtxBono- .o.tu" ri"oqaf , { Hapacr aer or . HyJI n, 3ar eM ' B 3aBHcHM ocr Hor
"fi"uo"il-Hefinoro
H
copocoB yrJra nooopora p H oTllouellHn Rlh, MO)KeTcra6unn3gp9BaTbcn
s cren rin R r: R t+ tr.id- e - uetttpr,i xptt ainrtu qreltod
IaJICe yNleHblxaeTcfl AO Hy"]'Ifl'
a- figrruefrrp uqgcHlr
lre copnaaaKlT,

34
. .35
;]+
el o
o
_ OcpeaHeHuaflMecTHaffcriopocrb'rra ocu noaoc6posa Ha noBopore :!
o
- ( t o < C-l o g)
o * - f or
6nnera K cpeAHeftcxopo-crx B AaHHoMcer{eHHHHJIHpaBHa efi. o
o o € o
s J
J d
B HanpaBJrerrHn BbrnyKnoli ngaepxHocrn cl(opocrb naAaer, B Ha- bst
npaBneHHH norHyrofi noBepxHocrn - yBennr{HBaercs (psc. 31,6). h
o
flpuseaennue HHIKeQopnnynu [onyqeHbr AJrfl yqacrKa roBopora o
o
cl
F
c?
.<r
r4t
o
Or
@
o,
npflMoyroJlblroro BoAoBoAa. OAHaro B nepBoM npn6.nnxeHnn r.rMn o
q. o- o
d
* O
Mo)r(Ho noJlb3oBarbcfi Afls BbrqracJreHnfi pac[peAeJreH.Hrrcxopocrefi lr
AaBJreHHfino ceqeHnlo KpyrJroro BoAoBoAa e nflbcKocrH, coBfiaAarc- (o o)
g) o
u1efi c nJrocKocrbronoBopora. @
6l
ct) o,
t--
o_ o
l l p n Ko H u e H rp u q b c ro u pacnoJrox(errH Hr{pH B onuuefi rruxnoB epx- o d
uocreft_cocraBJlflloulyp AaBJleHHg_ p*ly H ocpeAHeHHyroMecrHyro cKo- <1.
c{
@
pocrb t x Mox{Ho orrpeAeJrHTbrro Qoptuy.rraM,fioJryr{eHHbtrvl HcxoArr H3 x (o rr)
@
OJ
ro c\
(o
o '<t' qr
- r ctli o et 6l
3 a K o H ai l * R : c o n s t : r r-
o
o_ c- q. o
x O a

T:#l'-(u.5)1'
- E
a
(23) o (o
a o @ ( o o
cl
co
ro
EI F . < r
rAe Ro-palHyc ocH no8opo'ra:' g - paccroflHHe or ocH Bonoc6poca (npu onpeae- co o- o- ct
I o
.leil]lu AaBJIeHHT Ha BHnyr(Jloti ttoaepxHocru U: -ltlZ, Ha tsornyrofr - U:h12, a I - O

h: Rz-Bt - pa-ccTorruHer*iex,ty KpHllonHHefiuurrlu rroBep.xt{ocrnrr,t-n)


i uo - cKopocrb
(.)
HA OCH; = ro
s
s.+
o a @
' o r - Q q 6 c\ sf.
cl
O)
o_ a- o
o
- O
d
"o- Robln-RzlRt, @
GI
6 - runpuHa BoAoBora B pacqerHoM ceqeHnn (paccronHue r$exAy creHKa$r!r B Ha- (l)
upaBJIeHHH,Ho-pMaJIbHo[rn.rrocxocrx rroBopota)- ri r O o
.
Ocp-e4HeHrrarcKopocrb B KaKoft-JrH6oroqKe ce'{eunn Ha paccrofl- . = o c\tlrJ
o o
. q o .jo
HHrrg oT ocH BoAoBoAapaBHa I ,o
.,8.
'- tr o l * o l
E,:ffic". (24) {
3 _
o 1 8 3
' G l l j o .s
o (o
3Aecn MHolKHreJrbCB flBJrflercfl sMnupnqecKoft nonpaeKoftj o6ec- F. o
o Cl
fl
rreqHBarouefi yueHbrrreHHecr(opocrH Ao Hytrrr npH npH6auxeunu K o
: | l o O
'xprinon nHeftHbrrunoBepxHocrflM:
!E
's o

: _ (i_o),], ET o

[r (D
o

B :0,t25 - 0,0833(fr/Ao)o'rr3 .tE

3 H a q e H u n B n ' C M o ry r 6 u rs B 3fl rbr H s ra6r. 9.. e) r o l


r o l
7 o)^
cl I
f l p n u e q a H H r r : l . I - l p n K o H u e H r p r { q e c K n x noBep.xHocrnxeoroc6poca npn- O I
p* ly (Y)
MoyronbHoro cetreHun n Rlllt:2 l,nnua yrracrKoB cra6ttnlrsaurrt,[,aBJIennn .<r
c.rreAytouar: o
ro @
o) F-
eunyx.nofinoBepxHocrlrS:0,025 (F-30")ft,
HA o CJ.
O
eoruyrorl noBepxHocrnS:0,040 (B-30") ft.
Ita
[7pu Rllh:l coorsercrByrourHe3HaqeHHsS yuettsruatorcrrnpHMepHoBABoe.
2. tlpn yrne noBopora BoAoc6poca P<30" ,4eficrsHreJlbHarr Bernr{$}rap*ly t
qer{TpaJIbHoM ce'{eHHuHe AocTHraeTpacqeTHoro3HaqeHHfl,BbrrrHcJrHeMoro no 3a-
eucnr'rocrn (23).

t Jlyquee copraAer{He
q oilbrTHbrl{H AaHHbTMHAaer 6o.nee cJroxHafl Qoprrayaa
(28).' 37
36-
Nt' t{ur+
.5'
onpeAeJlflrb no rpatilrlrarvr
HAyeTP-fl
(x-x) tpnt' il:'"^)^' Aa'neHlre
-
3. B Haqarb'or '(n-H)
il Kort-errHoM !:-::*u'* MaKcltMaJlbtloro eFo.3Hlt. , 57, 641' -^^^r'arnr.rRaeMoro
paccMaTpHBaeMoro
cJlyqatl
npn*"prro bAso6 n,""o'e R KaBHr2J\nH Antl ne $opt'ty-
p*/T rra nunyruroft''out.p*"6.,,, onptl6nnerc'
qe*HrBqeHrPa'lluortieqeHllH'Ha;;i;;t;A-nou"p**otrl{-uettui'ueMaKcHMarIt}- ocon),;;'; fr"""'
pa3a'
noto p""uarHoro B TplI B oA o-
{ rpH qecK H x noB epxH g:i l *
(PH:' 30' 6) ' < Ha- HKP'
{eI{rPoB xP*"'us"ot htsx:-
aAHycoB Mo)Ker 6ut'rs cKoJIb yroA- FJ, H-
BorI
BJrfroulafl AaBJIeHrrn p*/Y B qeHr- n o'oiieKaeMbrx nosepxrtocrll)eH
I' l cJIeH ano QoP uY ne
z.z7.-B .nyuarrx, .KorAu .ueo6xoArrvro
'e[rHOro BoAoBOAa H*eroTcrr^oin"nonb-re""plu*io.t,, (2)
e'$oprr'ry'ne
(2s)no1cqnrarbnapaMerpKaBH"*fr' npHIInB
a : co#' F/*,p:--(+),,,,n,,*%'
roftPa,rrufcouRr -
l\h lr l\542
+*) {i+(,dF*ri')@+
tt 1\41 (26)
\m-R?/-tol'
paAnycoltRz--
oqePqeuuori
soruyroftnoBepxuocrtl'
a A.nR
tll" 3\/'
+ tr -_ 1\5ft2
2
cp: T1T--iTZlr L(n * i,J"- ln" w)6r
t1+(-R-,-_F,)fr1
L
3ha .lr L\/".|
-ffiF-+\R?-FF/ ft;l QZ)
'
no ceqetl'lo' 0
^ a -cpeAHttf cKopocrb ..^,,,,ni! ^(
ooprvrynaAJlflofipeAeir!|nfMecTHoirocpn
H
KaK Qoprrtyrrur Ae'I onpeAeJIeHI,If AaBJIeHH p* l\,
o f i c K o p o c T?tcxoAf
e 4 H e H t tnolyllet|bl' H,rx
KPHBIT3HbI JIHI{lIll P"'i-,1'J"1lilT::1T:;: -I - /Ro o\

H3 [peAnoJrox(eilurr o
roKoB no
l i
lnseftHOm
R r Ao llRz:.
pacfipeAenertdu
*i:"'"t3'
""o.*"to'ot u'em
i.,:A I\EC'' (?8 )
1 1 -7\1n"-"F ' ) n a i/xap

3Aecr: e - 2'718;
:ffi He-
A:1 * -t 0'125
lfr;F;; BeHAy orcyrcrBtl' AaTHbr-I"
;;";i'-u"::i'*
;l3;'" "'.';
napaMerp-u;Arl'
l:fi'f;"li#
' m-- rt
(tr- E)fr
-1\v2
*
\R' R,)2'
ll ,-1r\Y "fi:uyr+-+l{ i#'
*:tH:J (n' -
fiil;;trnenuu'* YqacrKax .e-
noqepxHocreftcoopyx<eHlln
3HaqeHuqr<oaQtpnuEeHTaATaKx(eMoryToflpeAeJlflT.bc'Ino HepoeHoctn o6reraeribrx
r a 6 . n .9 . q e T o M ny'
n a o ' u a c ,'vyqeroM nvrbcauHH A. O6ltHe noJIQxeHlItl
2 .2 6 . M u u u u a rb H o e MrH oB eH H oeA aB ' l eH H e uoaog6PocHoro rl{AporexuuqecKo-
B ro'[IKei , 2.28-Ha nosepxHqclt]:crKoro tifl'"tnsHo-luoHrax(HbIx
(2e) npoU.... npon'uo4crna ;* oBHocrl4' n or Bn eHHe
/g\ : l,z) - rd*,
zt ro coopy*"n""*u'
. I ro 6li p aay rot'# ;y;; " :: :''
-
\T/,-\r/i cKopocr- oa6or Her'r3o ex(
BblpaxeHHafl B AoJIflx 39
r,u,e0 - flynbcaqlloHHafi
cocraBJlfftonraq AaBneHHq' xoropl'*tu"'unociexuolotitauo'ut4t"l'Iflcoopy)KeHHfl'
HoroHanopr,uoon*eHHoronocper'Heftcxopocrtt'

33
E ecrecrBe+IHafl
flpor o6rexaH nH arlr x rrepoBltocrefi Mo)Ker BO3HHlillyTb I(aBHTaqlItl tV. CpaBIlHreJIbno paBHoMe[inan -on'Hopor'Hafl KOppo3Hen
KoToPbIe Bbt3blBaloT cyluecTBelll!ble' qac- r[epQxoBaToc.fb noBePxIIOCT]I (.'6erorl, noBpe)KAetitrnir
H CBfi3allHatl c llelo 9po3t'lt,
To HeAonycrHMbre KaB Hralr.proHrroie p aspyureHHa ncBep x l{ocrei't Aaxc uera.n.n)
I'la IuoAeJIflX
lI TOFAa, KOrAa HH pacqeTbl,. HI{ OnbITIIOe l'lCcJIeAOBaHlle
Ka-
paccMaTpnnaeuoro coopyxeH'ns He yKa3bIB.anT Ha BO3MOXHOCTb
BHTattHoHsoit onacHocrH.
floaromy KpoN{e npoBepKH BosMo}KilocTrl Bo3IiHKIIOBeH4fl KaBHTa-
- c Ha-
r{HH, cBff3aHHoh c nsrueHeHHeM oqep"tanui't rparIHI{ 'oroKa' T' e'
BOAOClltnOB, na3OB 3aTBOpOB' IIOBOpO-
nHqHeM BXOAHbIXOpOJIOBKOB,
, TOB BOAOC6pOCO3 tt T.,il., AonX(IIa 6strl npoBeAella ilpOBepKa BO3IvlOx(-
He'
I O 3 H H K H O S e H I TKt ia B r l T a l l H H H a M e C T F t b l XT e - \ H O J I OH| q e c l i H X
H O C T LB
. poBHocTrrxo6rexaeubrx rjoToKoM no8epxHocTerl.-
2.29. Taxas npoBepKa i\lo)Ker npoBoAl'lrbctl B A B y K H a n p a B J I e - tL/1U
' funsx:
a ) y c T a H o B J r e H l r e B o 3 M O ) K H o C T H B O S H H K I I O B e H H fK i aBHTaUllll .Ha
N { e T O A a Xe e
HepoBHocTflx noBepxHocTl{ rIpH 3apaHee .3aAaHHbIX
BbrrroJrHeHHfl A6nycKax H Ha tpopuy, Bblco'ty H xapaK-
orporralbHofo
rep HepoBH0crerl; m
6) ycraHoBJreHrre rpe6on_aunfi n- Qopue, Bblcore H ,.(apaKrepy Ao-
tlOCTb
nyCTHMttK - HepOBHOCrefi nOnep KHOC'ri'I,HCKJItlgqarcIllpl'\ llo3l\IOiK
e p O S n a ) r r p l I 3 a A a l'lHbl\
n o f l B l e H n f K a B u T a t L H L I( H n u x a a t r r a r l H O H I { O f i
rlrAp a BJIllqec K H.{ ycJI oB I'Ifl X -
oAl{}tx Il Tex ;*(e
fl p rr rrieq a H it e. O6e 3aAAqH pegal6Tcfi C Hcno''li'g-oBalilleM
pa3Jrllqlll'l B n o c T a -
rtrApaBnltttecnllx paclleroB' BBllIty qero B AalrHeftuetrl reKcre
p a c q e T o B A a I I b t B rrpHnox(e-
HoBKe trg)KeHeplloli EaAaqlt 1{e LeJIaeTca. flpttuep6
u u ul .
2.3O. BsAu tt OOpNIbI_ Bo3lvlo)KHbIx HepoBuocTef{ rloB€ipxHOcTH
fl3-3a MHO-
flBJlflro1cfl BeCbMa rlfHoroo6pa3HbIMH n CnyqaftHbllrlll KaK
KoHcrpyKUaft o6"nHUotsoK PI o6AeJIoK BoAoBqAoB H il'IeTo- --
foo6p a3lfl,
raK 1,IB cHJIy_oqeBHAHoft cayuafiHocrl'I Bo3-
AoB npoHsuoA.rui'pa6or, -p ac-
ut x floaroMy Artq il poBeAelr PIf
frHKH6BeHHflcrpoufel ntt 4eQexroe.
qeroB HeH36elKHa cxeuarH3allng Bo3IvIo)I(Hblx BHAoB crpoHTeJIbHbIx
Ao HeKoroporo rra6-op-a <r'rtoBbix>> rlepoBtlocrefi c ofipeAe-
AeO&io'u
OcHOBaHa
,,IeHHbtMHfeolvleTpltqecxltlutt'ttpopuauu- ?ra CxeivlaTH3aUH-n
3a pa6orori n cocronrlHeM- crpoflulllxcs H sKcnJIy-'
Ha Ha6JrroAeHnsf
aTHpyeMblx coopyxeinft, a TaKlKe fla alla.ryE3e MeroAoB npoH3BoA-
cTBa cTpoHTeJtltrsrx pa6Or. MoxnO BbIAe"{l'ITb IItlTb XapaKTepllblx
( p u c - 3 3 ) :- t
,. ., 6?D -,7wn ru|:t,t;a4tcneoi rpoJuu
r p^ 'y r r M e c r H b I X I I e p o B I I o c r e i I
HepoBHocrlI'
I . f l o r r e p e u u u r e K r { a n p a B J r e H L r r oT e q e F r H f l A J t l l } l t l b l e
C T b I K O B 3 , ; I e l l e t t T o B o n a n y 6 x l r 6eroua vIJtvI rpynnbt ruectslix Heponnocreft
O6paSyro.q,ieCs Ha MecTe Pl.rc.;33.- XapaxrepHue
JTI4CTOB CTaJIbl{oft o6fl HUOeXlr- noBepxHocrH
trepoBHocrH; /'f /-uecntue
II. flpoaoJrbrrbre AJlHHHbre'rrepoBl{ocrH Tofo )Ke npoHcxo}KAeHHfl
. / - nonepe'tnble' HepoBrrocm;
// -n poag-{:T::
"i?:-';p;B';;:,**.,,*iii6llltll ; v- Bo
no'epx'ocrl' n'
p o e H o f i o A H o p o A -
;;iil; ;-#;
III. MecrHble Bblcrynbl n a $oHe c p a B H H r e J I b H o
11JIoXo
H O f t I I O B e p X H O C T H( x p y n r r u r e K a M I I I { e 6 e r o t r e , 6 o " n r u H r a f t l ( H ,
I{anJIbIBbI , . . V . f l J | a e l { a q < < B o J I H H c T o c T b > ) n o B e p X H o c T H H a scBapoqHblx
o u e e e n p o e KAe-
THoH
cpe3aHHble BblnyCKV apMaTypnt, 6pstsrH CBapKH, N{eCTHbIe (ncneAcrBHe
npaBHJlbr,totr reoMerpHqecr(ofi Qopnrtl H3roToBJIeII Hfl u.n lr AeQoP-
6erona H r. A.). bIK,,I HcToB, ueroqHocTl{
$opnaaunft c'raantt 41
10
I
\ Tadnuqa rc
. -..\ 1 ,
no.eePxnbcreil BOAOC6pocoB
3HaqeHnc Kxp .llJtf, x a p a K T e p H b l x - B R A O B HepoBHocrefi

Crexa HePoBHocrH
K*p
IE l- K*p.

:1n
a) 2exp(*) np, 1 nf
II
l + ,,Pr2> loo
u)'Eo.+ o,o8
0,4661ro-
Vrop
<o<5o)
"*pT t 1'o
*:---
' .*p#+ r,o

. 1,0
npH
zn2li O.usHoqnnfi uuctYn s 20 ,-
Vcryn ro norot(Y - I2..\311 ocrpofi nePxuefi KPoM-'. a
{nponcxoxJle$ueaxo- *ol' 1nnot6 saqnrueHsufl
l . I

rorEqso rI. r, ,
l U t
crel br crblKa oualY6ru)
'nPs

z n1 l

- 2'0-
OrpvraeuHHe oqePraHus

Oue.nuHue BblcrYrle-
Vxsp
p.}k* .t.f tryr+?-3.\ -
Panuouepsas ecregr- IoutH€ MecTHble HePoB-
1,0 Hocrlt (xPYnnue KhtrtHH'
Y rop '. Pesxgeoqeprauus
6pusrn -caaPKH' crePx- 6ffi' ,
Hir apuaryPbl H r. r')
3,0- 4,0 .1

n'p"v:qaHnq. 1.
,
I

3.
4.
KaK AaB-
Hlarnx cJlyqaflx BnoJIHeAorlycrnMo onpeA."'llT Hxapn Vxap
I{eBO3MylqeHHOM IIOTOKO;
HepOB}loCTblO B CTBOpe
-'letlHeH cKopocTb B

- t
.VCTaHOBKaX.

B. OnpeAeneHHe xapaKTepHbIX cKopocreft nprao6TeKaHHH


- HepoBHOCrefi

n e H r i K a B H T a U H O H t I O fot n a c H o c r H .

43
* :

OqeHKHBeJIlI"flgrfloro cJrog (Vtrp = Vugg\ AJIn BoAocJItIBoB H yqacrKoB noBopora


2.b5. .1; roqKH 3peHnfi ueToAHK4npn6.nnxeusoft x rHA'
u rir"l.", ojti'ii"poi"o"tefi noBepxnociefi B BoAoIIponycI(HbI -.r,onponycKuo;ti-p arra I I 9, 24' 281)'
" yCJIOBHO BbIAeJII{TbTpH HaH' Hh TaKOM cnOCO6e 'U'eIIKH V*"p'
porexHr{qecKHx cobpyxeHHflX MO)KHO OIlraxO pa.rreTbr, OCHOBaHHbIe TaK
KaBnTaIIHOHHOfI OnacHocTH'
bo.nee xapaKTepHblx runa yqacrKoB retle'Hq: KoH'
DbtsbtBaloT npeyBenHqeHI,le cTeneHH
l) Vqacrd pesxoft ,i,eQoprrraUnn noToKa HH)KeHepHbIMH
f
oro'
noToKa BXOAHbIMH rnun (vrop=Vgp,8=0)
cTpyKrlHffMH. n Hlru oTHOCflTCfl 3OHbt cx(aTHfi
a ,

CX(aTHfl cTpyH. IIpH HCTeqeHHH I',t3'


JToBKaMH BOAOC6pocoB, yqacTKH
y nil6onoft 'Iactg pasAeJIbHHx 6bIqKoB' 3oga no'
noA 3arBopoB, noio* 'nOTOKa (Hnre- V
BTOpHOto npHcOeAHHeHHfl K cTeHKe oTgpBaBluerqcfl
ynJIoTHeHHft sarsOpoB' Aoll'
na3oB H nonyna3oB 3aTBopoB' yCTy[OB'
H-3MeHeHHe
;;il nopo.ot;. Anq raKnf yuaitroB xapaKrepHope3Koe
4.n,uHe' HaJIHrlHe 3HaqHTeJIbHblI
AaBJIeHH" n a*OpbCTH Ha He-6O"nnrUOft Maran
!"*ope""n nor6ra n6nnsll noBepxHocrn"' 1'1C :i-TA:Je'
BbICOToiIBo3MOX'
CJIOR'0,iOnguepHMafl
TonulHga nOfpaHHqHOFO
Hbrx HepoBHOCTeft.
2)Vqactxt'tn.rlaBl.9H:-y"::I5,.::i:"-::,11T"""1""1"*";t::'[JX
ceq€l11x_noroKa''
nn*ri" pa.np"lel'eunenncKopocreits nonepeqHblx nocrorrHHoft
uJ't
ii';;; i;;;ffi;;-vuu.r*" ,iunopr"x c
BoAoBoAoB trnii r,l n ll

Hti'
ri";; il eHsroqefi ca QoprrloPr ttiu nlou1aAbrc nonepeqHoro'ceqeH
ytlacrKg orBoAn'
;JA;;;u1tot. noBepxHocrll nJIorHH, 6stctporoxu,
ulHX JTOTKOB n,rynHeneft sa 3aTBOpaMnn AP. I( atomy THny oTHOCI'IT' V-
Cfl ITOAaBJIffIOIqe-e6O.norunsCTBo yvacrxOB TeqeHHffR PeanbHbIX BOAO'
nponicxHblx
- cooPY)KeH Hr x. Q))| m run (\opuvrp,8=cowt')
n.nun(vvap'vci,3=f
'/-u.-//.u-4-u.2./J
3i V'acrrn nJraBHo,3MeHfloulerocs TeqeHHq c ycraHoBHB'
Hnu OTHo'
rrrgMcfl pacnpeAeJleHgeMcxopoctbft no ceqegnlo nOToKa' K
HanOpHbIX H 6eSHanOpHbIX BO'
cfiTcff IerIeHHfl B AJII{HHLIX3aKpbITbIX
qHcJIeryHnenn-x H B oTKpbITbIx BOAOc6poCa-x Ha pac'
AOBSAaX,B ToM
6esuanop'
cToflHHIt 6olee 2,A + }'AnavrerpoB BoAoBoAa vilfi rny6HH
HoronoToKa'oTBxoAaBcoopyx(eHHeHJIHoTperynHpyloulero3a. ' 2
TBOpa,T. e. oT yqacrKoB nepBoro THrIa' v
. H" pHC: 34 Anq.HeCKoJIbKHxrIaCTo BgTpetlarculgxcfl CxeM BOAo'
y^iiilTblx yqagr
nponycKHbrx coopyxennfi noKa3aHo noJloxtlt:
KOB TeqeHHfl,XapaKTep pacnpeAeIeHHq cpeAHHXCKOpqcTefi
R HHx, ToJIuIHHanorpiurar{Horo cJlof 0 n ee H3MeHeHHe
noroxa
no TeqeHHrc
ffir crietttl (r
noroKa.
- ,,::-1:i!',rj-
,'o'' ror. -----------l
-r,trcPoro6ao"'u
' npexAe' I
2.36.- A.nq npH6rI'I)KeHHbIx pacqeroB Vxap
Bcero onpe4e.nuit rqfi yqacTKa TeqeHHn' Ha "99^6I:3Hr\{o
KoTopoM pacgMaTpH'
onpe'
\ )s;.-fi [,2 Az
t"p,15'
.tf__-l
Bae'Icff BO3MoXHal HepoBHocTb.llOcle TOrO' KaK THn TeqeHntt
*-]*.---l-
t:2 DoC',l
pacqera: I
AeJIeH,Moryr BcrperHTbcfiTpH Cryqafl
I. Ha. !urcr*a*
-ero nepBoro - Tnna oflpeAenenne Vxap HaH6onee
'
cJroxHo, u )KeJIareJliHo nunoJlHgrb npg noMouIH,SKcnepHM€HTa' THnbryqacTKoBreqeHus B Bo.4onponycKHux
Prrc. 34. XaparcrepHbre
'
ilpOCTbIM flBJlffercs:
6o.nee ilpocrblM
HaH.OOJIee tlltJlxeIUx' rnnpocoopyxeHHfx
B npe4eapHTeJIbHbIX >Ke pacqeTax - ycryrIbL- ll
rrpeArroJro_xeHHe o, 6nNsocr H vaxp K cq:A I : 1--"*9 ! o_"ll 1o:o-11:-" :t;
orKp}lruH
d!;-fla3H nptt qacrilt{ltoM 3arBopa;-
^L-o].{::tt d-'tottttue
noauouo1(pbrrHH
[l=*gt-ripn i-z*?D nprr-tacinqrrouorrpurrilt)'
.riHgro (7*"p-: Vcp =
V"* npH HcreqeHHH H3-noA 3arBopoB' B0 "rt-uib-^i'n
uJttl fak norpaggrrHrilft cngft IIeKoTOpOft, xOtl H OTHOCHTeJIbHSMa1cifi Tofl-
BxoAHbtx oroJIoBK# so4o-a6pocoe HnH y pa3AenbHbfx .6nruron) :
* ocpeaHeHHoftcKopoqrg g6rHsu creHKH 6es yueTa notpa'' ;iu;;';;'fi4;;; BcerAa,BBHAyqero SaxruuecKoesHaqeHHeV*up
"E.t"oft = Vttao(Vcp H ,lI,P. -4,

44
qt

u .ycnoBnflMH crpoaTenbcrBa.' flp n HaTHIIHH


ur,r:rr {PoQHaofpaMM no-
f.[an cauux nepBbrx or{eHoK, Brrpeflb. Ao rraKonJregHE sKcnepH- Bepxnocrn BbrrrucJreHne ruana3oHa pacqerHblx 3HaqeHnfi A Mo)KHo
IIeHTaJIbHITIXAaHHbtrX,. MOX(HO Ct{HTaTb, qTo Ha yqacTKax nepBolo
BHnOJHHTb,OIIpeAenHB cpeAHIoIo Bblcory BblcTynos an.cp, npHqeM
THna TOJIIIIHHa norp'aHHuHoro cJIOfl 6 He 6Hsaet MeHbIUe 6A
B nepBoMnpn6"nnxennl{ 0,54'r.cp<A(AH.cp
(ra6n. l0). 3ro coo6pax<eHne, oAHaKo, 6aenpyercq JIHIIIb Ha AaHHbtx
llexay cpe.u,Hefisblcotoft BbtcrynoB <paBHouepuofi> tuepoxora-
orAeJIbHbIx .na6oparoprlblx OnbIToB, TaK KaK B HarypHblx ycJIoBHflx B rHApaBnHqecKHx
rocrn noBepxHocrr{ A s o6uqHo HcnoJlb3yeMblMt{
T{CO6XOAHMbIC H3MCPCHHflCUIC HC NPOBOAHJIHCb. pac,rerax .roeQQnuHeHToM rrrepoxoBarocrn n_,_xosQQHuHeI{roM r.HA-
llpu ussecrrroft Hg onHTa roJrulnHe norpaunt{Horo cJIofl 6 sna'te' panJrrrqecxororpeHl,Iff ?un xo;aQQuuneuroM IIfesH C cyuecrByer H3-
IIHe yxap:'Vna6 I{axOAHTcfl B COOTBeTCTBIIH Co cxeMavw ta6t l0 no -
BecrrranB rHApaB.rrHKe'cBflsb. floerouy H3MepenHerHApaB.IIHqecKHX
ontope cKopocrett B rIorpaHHqHoM c.ttoe (uero4nra pacqera.H3Jlo-
conporuB.nesuft no A/rHHe raKx{e Mox(er cny}KHTb xopotlHM MeroAoM
)KeHa s n. 2.38-2.40): onpeAeneHus A.
!,nuua yqacrKa reqerrHfl nepBoro rrrna raKlKe ofipeAeJlflercflBecb' PerouesAyercfl npoBoAHTI)KaBHTauHot{ttble pacqerb{ ttpH AByx -
naa npn6JIHN(eHHo. Ha cXeMaX pnc 34 npHBoAHTcEnoJloxeHre ro'I: rpex 3HaqeHuflx A, npnuuMafl B Kar{ecrBepacrrerHoro Hau6oJleeHe-
KH O, noHHrurdenaoft KaK cepeAnHa 3roro yuactr<a. IlpornxeHHocrb BHroAHbrftc.nyuaii. OAHaxo He peKoMeu!,yercn npHHHMarb B pactler
y q a c rK a M o )r{ H oo U e H H rb ,I(aK MH H H MyM(160:200) A s o6e oropoH i i JrrrubTe 3Haqesns A (u qoornercrBeHHon H l,), Ha l(oropblx oclloBbl-
or roqKH O. OarraKo, yrrnTbrBaqrreKoropyo HeonpeAeJlellHocrbB Ha' saercfl or{eHKa rrporycKnofi tnocoduocru paccMarpHBaeMoro coopy-
3HaqeHHHnoflox(eHHnToTIKHO, npu HHlKeHepHbIxpacqerax noJIe3Hor(eHnfl,. TaK KaK AJIn noJlyqeHHsrapaHruft flpoflycKa pacxoAa oT-H
B 3 T r{ XC X e M a Xn p H H H M a TbA JIH rl yyqacTK oBnepB pro TH na co 3H aqH ' .lanttue o6urluo Hecr(oJlbKo3aBbr[Ialorcn, rITo He HAer B 3arlac
3 a [a c o M rrp o T HB yK a3aH H oFoB bIuIe. Onurot yK a3bl B aOT,r!PHKaB,HTaUHOII
T e J rb H b tM rrOMpacr{ere.
.r{Tonporr)r{gHrrocrbyqacrKoB nep.BororHna AJIfl cxeM prc. 34 He BbI' OpneHTHpoBo.rHHrt AHana3or{pacqerrrbrx3rraqerrttircpe4tter?Beflt't-
xoAHT 3a npeAeJrbrxapaKTepHoro flonepeqHoro_pa3Mepaceqel{Hq lIa- . 'ililrr,FBbrcrynoe a6contorHoii uepoxoBarocrH noBepxltocrH A npneo-
floprroro rroroKa uiln AByx rny6nrt 6estranopnoio noroKa trpH Hcreqe' .lnrcfl s ra6r. I l.
rir.rHH3-1OA3aTBopa. 3rO nao>t{eT SJly}KRTbMaKCHMa"qbHoft orteuroit
AJrlrrrbr y.qacTl(a TeqetlHff rlepBoro Tt{na. Ta6ru4a I I
II. Ha yqacrKax BToporo rHna AJIr{ Ka)KAoro ceqeHnfl rloroKa n0 Cpe4Hee 3naqenrie Bucorht BbrcrynoBuepoxoBaTocTH
AJrrrHeonpe,U,enfeTcflToJlulttHa.norpairnqttorO c.nos 0; ./*"p OnpeAe-
Jrflercfl KaK cl(opocrb Ha ypoBHe Bepxa HepoBHocrH (ra6.rl. l0) n0 Xaparrep noBepxnocrlr L, il-e
x a p a KT e p u o fi 4 l n p a c c M a rpH B aeMoro B H A a TeqeH H nS nope cK opo-
cr6fi e nbrpaHnqHoMcrloe (n. 2.38-2.!0)
III: Ha yqacTKax TpeTbero THna V*no orpeAeflfleTcfl raK )Ke, KaK-. I CraluHas o6arqoexa co cra6urtu cnelaMu Kop- 0,05-0,1
nocroqHHoir ronnlHHe norpaHHq' po3HH
Aflf yqacrKoB nropoio rHrra, Ho rrpH xoppos-xefi 0,1- 1,5
2 Craaunaq o6aHqosra, noBpex.u,eHnaff
. Horo cJrofl, panuofi rny6une -noroKa npll 6eaHaIropHbIXTerleHnflx. 3 EeroHnas hoaepxuocrb c rurarearHot"tsdtt'tpxoii n 0,3-0,5
nu6o no.rrosuHeHaIIMeHbUeFo nonepeqnoro pasuepa ceqeuplfl (Ana' )|(EJIE3HCHHEM
- Ali .t 0,5-1,0
Merpa - AJrfl KpyrJrbrx BolioBoAoB, r.ny-6ttHH IIJIH ITII4pHHbI Topr<petapoBaHHafl 6erousan noBepxttocrb
5 E e r o H n a g n o B e p x H o c T' b , B b t n o J I H e H H a qB M e r a n n H - 0,5-1,0
rrpflMoyFo.nsnux)npH I'Ianoplttix reqeHHflx. .recrofi onary6re
2.37, A.1n npOBeAeI{HnpacqeToB no onpeAeJIeI{HIoToluIHHu'no. , 6 6eroHhar noBepxnocrb, BblnorHeHHag B-repeBsH- 1,0-4,0*
: Hofi onairy6i<b.
rparrH'{Hofo cJIofl IIeo6XoAHMo pacfiorararb- (unu saAaBamcx) cBe- 1,5-6,0*
7 T o x e , q r o n . 5 n 6 n o c n e H e c K o J t b K I r xJ I e r 3 K -
.rr.eHuflMn o cpeArrefisennqHrre.A nuctyrroB paBHoruepHoftuepoxoBa- . cnnyaTaIIplH
rocrrr o6rer<aeuofi norepxHocrr.r aciaoc-6ppclloro coopy)KeHHfl. Be.nri-
qHrra A eu6npaercr c yr{e'roM npoel(Tgpyeuoft TexHoJIorHHH o}KHAae-
Moro xa,recrBa.npoa3BoAcrBa pa6or, yc4oeafi sKcnJlyarauntt coopy- * B gasHcHMocrt,t or cocraBa tierona, TerHo.{orrtnj,K.'ldIKr{, a raK:*ie or tla'
)KerrHrIH Ha ocuoBe cooreercrByrcu{Hx IIopMaTHBHbIX ywasanufi- tn,prqQn.nnrpaqgrrarfeccunuux BoA qepe36erou.
llpn nosBeAeHHHcoopyx'ettnfi peKoMel{Ayercff yroqHflrb npHHH- ftptr pacqere ronurnubl norpaHHI{Horo cJlor 6 ans yqacrKoB reqe-
Tste B npeABapHTeJIbrIbIX pacqerax 3Haqel{HaA nyreM l{arypHbIX npo- rilt-rl
BTopofo THIIa ycJroBHoe HaqaJro HapacTat{Hf norpa}rHqHoro cJlofl,
MepoB BbrcrynoBrrrepoxoBaroft ttoBepxrrocrn coopy]KeHHr.HJIHyq acr- r- e. HaqaJIo oTcqeTa
AJIHHbI TaKO|O yqacTKa, pacnoJlaraeTcfi, KaK IIo-
r{oB orrbrrnori6erol,u.lpoBKu.Ila ocnoBe 3THXyroqHeHHfi uo>xet 6urs xa3afro Ha pHc.34 (roura o). To.nunHa rlorpaHHqHofo cJIofl
0.n.nro-
npoBeAeHKorrrpoJrburuiKaBHTaunoHHsIfi pacl{er H KoppeKTLtpoBKa
frolt ceqeHnHyqacrKa BTopOroruna, xapaKrepH3ylorqerocfl paccror-
rpe6oeaunft K o6pa6orxe nonepxirqcreftB coorBercrBHnc peanb-
47
46
npH 3aAatttlor"tseflIa
HHeML OrTorlKH o, rra9i59t6OtTr, nolyqeHa
A;;rp a $ n rc y 0 /A : f (Ll N l pnc' 35'
r,4 ,,,r6nnr n,..
2 . S S . o c p e n H e H H a f l c K o p o c T b V u n o r o x a H a - J l I o 6no
oMpaccTo
COOpy*"""" *o'r*"r 6urs Hafilena $op
ll oT noBepxHocTn
. Vr:(llgplto)ltfi"
6/A lt
B 3al'HcHMocrH or coo'tltouelrNir
' r,Ie roaQQuuHettru Er r [,2 Ba'ro'r'f'rcfl irrre.35, a q)o-Ko
no rpae'K"" E,5&t,i1*"'e':-1g'tli, npnu"n"rt',_Tl
rrlgxfY "ucpentteil H MaKcltMz
llfie]rr, npeAcraBJrircurnft co6o1,.ooiuoti"t,"u nrirpattnqlloro cJIOfl tt 3aAalllloll
ro;lrltutte
cKopocTbto-B noTOKe npH il,aHltoit
noilepeqHoro ceqelt t'ifl BoaoBo'fla'
K o e Q $ u u r r e H T t p o o n p e l e J l g e . r c f l l l o c n e A y l o t u H u. $npnuoyro'rlbHoro
opruylar*t: nonepl
H 6esHarroirHnx)
iInA BoLoBonoB (Hanopnnx
- ceqeHHfl- -
f\

+ 2t-2 rna/A- tlJ


b3 -ll
1(
r)(B-2n)+i*fu tnD/5
[b+2h'-r,nr9\-2tnt/A
eo: h{"- LT
ceqeHllfi -
a I,JIR *ronopHurx BoAoBoAoB Kpyrnoro
- t/]A]
+2).-2rn6
e o : +' {t v - b ) 2 + + # [#t'"d/a
f t p n p a c q e T a x n o ( 3 i ) x a p a r T e p H b l x c K o p o crA
T eQf tZt-
A n g ppacq(
a3Jl[|
B H A O BI{ e p o BH O C r einpHt H H Mai rcr u' : za' * L'
no (31) nonyqaerc
Bbrcora ii"o.rr.l0). np-, u: L rra p
KaBHTaurttl
""po",iJ.r"
cKopocrl
paKTeprrafl AJfflonpeAeneHrlnHarl,aJla
rtrepuourepoxbea'roftnoBepxHocru'
2'Sg.VqacroKTeqeHHflBToporoTI{na3aKal{qHBa-eTcfll}ToM
c;iox' *"ft1-":-Lur'yK
Hltl{ roroKa, rAe roJIIrlHIIanoipaHnqnoro
'HbIM pasHoil rly6u-ue HJIHnoroBI'tHe lrlH
MeroAoM, craHoBr4Tcfl'
g[tH noJIosHHe AItaMeTpa' Bb
noToKa npH 6esHanopHoMteqesHtt , sToro yqi
- IIpH HanopHgM noroKe' KoHeu
IrJIn tuHpHIlbInoroKa
c o B n a Aa e r c [e p B b rM-C rB OpoM, B roi opornr 0 craH osH Tcf paE LIo
- paK'repHoMynonepeurtoMypa3-MepynoroKa' 'I'
rHna Qo-pnnyna (31)
D,ns yqacrKoB reqeHur rperr'ero He SaeltcflT oT 'lI'JI[l
_ BnoJ[re flplrMerrHMa,oAHaKo O, €r lr [,2 t>Ke
' onacFIOCTH B pa3JIHrtHbtxM'
pa3HHrIaB CTeneI{[tKaeHrauHossol'r H3
TaK[rx yuu.r*ou 6uru cBfl3alla JTHIIIbc qo3MO]KItblM
"pxat Harlopa Hxap'
I{HeMno onrr" V.p unlr xapaKTepHoro
TOnillHHbI nofpaHHqHOrO CJIOfl0 AOny(
.II,nq onpeAeJrellHfl
HcnoJJb3oBaHHeHApyr[t.{QopMyJI,.npHBOAHMbIxBTexHttqecxoil
p a T y p e , a T a K ) K e o q e H b . n o l e s u a n o c T a H o e r a t p t t s H l l e c K o V*'
roSl(c
Menra..Onuaxo 3a HcKJIIoqeHHeM cryqaeB' ry9ina cKopocrs'
xoAflTcfl 3KC[epHMeHTaJlbHo' onpeAslteHHe va H v*on-Ann llep
O cJleAyer.Becr6 I'1MeHIIO .no Sot
-crefi np' H3BecrHou sHaoenit" nouepxHocrg (a. Kb) uan'
(31), narouteft s6n*s.*"po*o"aroft
n p lIeMJleruuir Pesynbrar'
roJIIrlHH
2.4A. HsJroxeHHbIM MeroAoM Mo)KHo onpeAennrb
no AJIHHe ulepoxoBa
fpaHHqHOrOcJrofl 14 npH H3MeHfloqeficn
o6.nHqosxH K 6ert
noBepxHocrtr (nepexo4 ot MeTaJIJIHqecrcoft
-48
q5

o(l

(('
tr1

qf,

a
(.Q

lf)

i!-

C;r

a
(.o
rat

if.

t-!

aa

(.Q

tca

tr
. | ! : . D
i?,

rfllouluMcfl 3i(aqeHHeMa' '


oi"rrtn I,"o^. c uepoioBarocrfi Al Ha -

iliiji'iilXffiiffi H:1"ff3ii"T
- lL \l r,. -
'r'**:(tji," .,I'o
' 'l{1+,5:} (33)

npu ,LnHHe L1 rraxc ll uepoxOBa-


_ to.nUrfina nofpaHHqHOFo cJrofl
ne 6r raxc
io(Tll lt, i '
CJIOfl0z Hd yrlacrKe c uepoxo-
3) Pac.Ier TOJTUIHI{bI',nOfpaHHqHOrO oT HaqaJa
Lz-,.oTCI{HTHBaeMoft
SlTocTbIo A2 npn TeKytu.eH AJIHHe (0/A) :[ (LlL)' OAHaro
no ro;y;;
?roroyqacrKa,BeAercrr tl^tg-L.l
yKa3aHHOMy rpaQHKy
pactleTHa s. annya"Lrp AJIfl BbIqHCJIeHHfi no
"n
onPeAeJlfiercfl B BHAe: (34)
L'pu"': lt npno* Lz'
cJleAylouleto nepexoAa I{a
Pac.rer Mo)Ker 6utl npoAoJlxeH.AJIfl
Ae' H & n T' A'
" lqacro.Kc Apyrolt uepoxoBarocrblo pnc' 34'
Ha
Cxeu3 pacqera npe.u,craBJleHa
,
I Ln purt: Ln-l Ln'
oP"u'l
(35)

BOAOBOAOB,HM€IOr pa3Jlltq
z.il-B cnyuafix, KorAa.AHOr{ creHKH :
HItX OTAeJIbHO''flepexoA
IryKl iuepoxonaTocrb, pacqerbl BeAyTcfl Anfl rperbero rHna onpe-
il(e or yrracrKa reqelru; Bropoto tll-" i -y.::::tty
yilenHqeHHfl TonuHHbI rlorpa-
l€;.rflercfi qaure Bcero HHTeHcHBHocrbIo
rt||ttHofocJIoflHacTeHKec6onbuIeiluepoxoBaToeTbIo.
oueHKHHar{aJla
f. OnpeaeJIeHHexapaKrepHbIX AgB1eH1l 'q''nfl
KaBHrauvfl HA Hep0BHOCTSX noBepxHOCTH
npn 3aAaHHOMaTMO-
2.42.Onpeae.neHHeXapaKTepHbIxAaBJIeHl{ft
- pacc]laTpuBae*o,t.o--o6.senracBo-
- Cr[epuoM AaBJre[rHlI Ha oTMe;Ke
tt|TcfiKnpaBHJIbHoMyonpeAeJIeHHq[beSoM B eHeBo3MyueHHoM
T p H q e c K o f o A a Bno-
JIeHHfl
pJy:!y)
. (rrrrn nbesot\IerpnqecKoronanopa
-ToKeBcTBopenepo""r'ofoPacnoJto)I{eHHfHepoBrrocTH.
' 4 9
t "
put*oro gs*Fr:a-
H a n6oaee .l{aAe;KH bIIu xI eroAoM orl peAeJI 9H[I fi nbe3oiu erp HqecKoro ;;t ,u,eQopuaunn
-
lrorol(a no'u' peiynfponanrln
i**firil*",lxin3;:fi
'- rzqMFTl2l(
AaBJrerrun flBJrnercfi nocraHoBKa 3KcrrepHlIeIIToB lla MoAeJIffx. flpn "opu*ti. B3arBopHbIXKaMePax
3TOM'B OT,'tHrIHeOT OrrbrTOBrro O[peAe.[eHHtO .\apaKTepHbIx cxopocrefi
TexHHKa 3KcnepHMeHTHpoBattfl. tBJlflercfl 6onee npoctoft "u Ap- :lf^i^ilfsi#:i:[T.{."-?:;"i"ornnrbrl
crynuoir. xfno.,"*o6r,H,,os
;"d6?i#$ffr.trnr*;*,*lTT?ffi
c.nyqarxH c AocraroqHofi ToqHocrblo xapaK-
OAHaro Bo MHoTHX
Teprrble AaBJIeHHtI I\{o}KHo uafi'rrt pacqerou (nanpnuep, i l o B C H -"ry:U,,tli:,t"l"rTrxryil{ta":**x,nu'u*'BxoAHbIx
38-70
tr3l). 3arBopoB,-Tyt::::iillJffiJ";-#'^J
;' cr'Exuraxr : (rra
B 6esHanopltov noroKe fibe3o]lerpHqecKoe AaBneHI{e onpeAe-
.,Tflercflpac.qerHofir.ny6auoii noroxa h n paccMarpHB:aeMoMC C q C I I H H :
;'#ffilti
;:'f3.:f-fiff pa-(.nlu
l*""11;,'n"
u *["iiiunl4 B *u*ipt
: .-
r naeax
X"J,"":il":l;#
siteopa-
. onp"A,.n"n". o,*p'u'"flx peryJlHpytouero
, l
"uoun
np" uuc"HqHblx
PJ:
't ft cos a, (36) : H Ha caMoMaarnope)
t
3aTBopa- Ha ot:ofloBKaxPa3AenbHblx
Haqafia Kasnran'nu
r,l.e fl| - yro.rr HaK.rloila A*Ia BoAonpoBo,[su{ero TpaKTa K rOpI{3OIlry. .;,4, OnpeAereHne
p
B nanopHoM noroKe nbe3oMerpHrlecKoeAaBJIeHHeonpeAeJlfiercH d;'f "d,,i
ffi["Jffi :i{:i= aBHrauuHnpnnporeqKax ue ea"
o6lr.iuulun pacqerHbrr\{K tureroAaMgfiocrpoeHnfl nbe3oNlerpnuecroir :: :: "
J I T H H H(H a n p frr' re p ,' [3 ]). A ,tr q K axA oro 3H aqeH H qA nl esoMerpH rl e- r i Ynnot"eHnflxsaTBoPoB' pa6otur-3.arBoptloft
rauepbr w 3a'
Mepbl
cKafl ilHHHfr.CTpOHTCflOTAeJIbHO, B COOTBeTCTBHH C OTBeqaTUIHMH Ans O"son;cnofiA4.nrenJ,ioA'
=1"oatn ourr nti6o npl{Hsrbl
npot*"*pol-1gl';nitno
sror\ty sHarrerlg1onoTepflMH Hangpa nO AJIHHesOAOC6poCa.
Hrr rrbesoMerp HqecKoro AaBneHl{fl, cBfl3 a H-
,F*-r,bnonvur.n#,J-*,,i,,*"'J4:tX#',1*Tf."#;:,T
irsopu np'
2.43, llecrr1ue- H3MeHeH t
o (nasnefl 5i, g"ttt Bo3HI'tKHoBeHHe
3) ' t"tt Bo3HI'tKHoBeHHe
Hbre c AelicrsHei\.i HHeprr.noHHbrx cliJl Ha yqacrl!ax reIIeHHfl nepBoro ;"6#;;
r n n a .(p n c . 3 4 ), c .a e A y e Tn p H H E MarbB o,B H H MaH HTo.tIbK
e oB Tex cJIy- qx'HeHg6elKHo'
ro )Ke' qTO
qaflx, KorAa gTH H3MeHeHHrrHJIHnoApo6Ho ofipe/LeJleHb{_3Kcfleplimen- In B 3arBopnt*'*aMepax
ToM, Hfitr yqeT Hx HAeT B 3a[ag OIIeHOKXaeUra11uOgttOfiOnacUOCrn.
B pacqeT AOnOJIHHTeJIbHOe lrHep-
Hanp4nnep, BceFAacJreAyer BBoAHTb'BxoAHbtX
iIHoHHoe rroHn)KeHne AaBJIeHHR Ha -oroJloBKax nonoc6po-
,#
''t?.''
'sllil -(zr p p K ) K*P'
ler'ercr nyTeM BbltlltcJle-
coB, yrrurbrBaer\{oeqepes Co (n. 2.4-2.8), BaKnfMnbtx BoAocJIHBax,
yrrurbrBaeMoeqepe3 oo (n' 2.9-2.14), unn noBoporax Bo.U,oc6pocnoro ffi "ry:ff I ",**J'#;,1#6*
f h::,' "'' "" "*"' " gHaqeHHrMH'
rpaKra (n.2.23-2.27) +/iiaswrau'I4 c Jil *p"tnqecK'Mll
B ro x{e BpeMr yrrgTbrBarbAonoJIHHT€r'IbHoe nHepUHoHHoenoBbl-
3
nnnr"O-aBo3l\lolKHocrH-Bo3HI{KHoBeHHfrKaBflTaqHHnplInoJIHbIx
ruerJgelrun""ntFt ni AHe-H crerrKax BoAoBoAa npn IIcrerIeHHHHg-rioA oTKPbITbIXSarBoPoa
-.
sarnopon, o6rercaHnh IIa3oB H ycrynOn (O6b.ItIHoropflEKa (0,2
. --0,a)f \ l,-in 2.45.ocHoeHnr{-ncroqHuKo-T
:":nonvna3br i#3H
3arBpPoB'
: i* I T'":3#3,ififfi1""':
Til
cJreAyer roJrbKo rorAa, KorAa no^po6Ho HccJIeAoBaHa
i"rt# "3ffir:HT'J:TxTq'j*
"
oOt"*ag''
"'*"""blx
yKa3aHHbIx
noroKolnn srIeMeH-
ncx Qopnra 3nlopbl gToro nOBbilIeHufr'AaB[IeHHfl,H [OsTOMy'HMeeTCfl [: flpn B BoAoBoAe'
".nop"J*'fiffii
a TaKxe ia*rot" reueHss-no-ToKa
npn 66snanopHoM
hc;rHan yeepenilocrg r ToM, tITo' HH .B KaKOM ceqeHHH,p_acqeTHoe TOB,
-
rrbesoMerpHqecKoe Aae;euHe ue 6y.U,ershsHrueHO'BcpaBI{eHHnc Qax- fi- - s n' q2'28---
rqMrr nacc,,torDeHHblMlt
ro
2'13'
o6arqHo xapaK'
rg.recr(HM.Taxofi x{e ocTopoxuuft noAxo[ cJIeAyeTrlpoflBJlffrb H npn "gl tffo;:5;;; J:?*;'"it"t",,TJ'
::{*{ u'to "'
yqeTe .HHepIIlIot{Hofo noBbILIIeHHflAaBneHHfr'Ha HOCI(aXBOAOCJIHB HbIX "?:T.x:1x
ep*orxqo",o-1Ty:.J":IlltJfs*il""ltll.::*u"":.tii]lTl""#?il* or-
nort'brx
nr'lOTHH.
ffi
ffi"*:"*l il'i'"";11-1*,1u"opou
*:t*"'"oi,tl"''l"TJl;lifffi "p1-'11-
nPH rlacrnq"iti o"nptixqx
fi' Ka'Blrraqfin'
s'n.+ust ioaplrfiHux
Pa6ora
secrono*ux
HeCKOJIbKUX Aesxr r\t'D *o"v"'
""uopo" Aeistxoe Nrr*raa"U.
"unittoo"- ^11'ar1{oBpeMeH-
)Ke. npfl
3aenaentu 3arBoPHblx KaMeP B"?-"t:1:T:t:'f?*ptl
rn^+rrn KaK npa'B'no' He "tiui"u'
BOrOrfafOU*te
(np'n-
-
A. O6urue ronox(eHI'Itl ]lll"l;fJf"Iolf#'"J'.i,,;;"'*o"u"o
"'"';;1"o
cerueui'ue aa-
r{acTb Bo- npaB''tlo, HMeorcr :-.-:"oy-n"o!*nu-
2.44. 3arnopublMH KaMepaMn o6ltquo Ha3blBaeTctt Ta "
npn*"*"orcfl B 6olnur'ns-
p y )KeH Hf KoTOp aff cil y)K vIT LItfr' y'cTa HoB I(H rlfAp o - *,*pou a'i"H rnApocoopy*"iit-
AOrrp onyc K ll oro| coo , ' '3,''ctn€
rexHHqecKHX 3arBopgB H B npeAeJIaX xoropoft ocyglecrB,rlercfl Pe3- c.[YqaeB' 5l

5 0 ' -
a:7

:r:1:
r i ( ) 6 ( : - i c i l c r u r a i r b i l o i r a g p a r l f i H 3 o H o T p H B a n o T o t { a B n a 3 a x r . t3 a n o -
ryna3aun BerH,rHHF .|(^p Ka.K AJIfl 3aArrnx (nnsoeux) rpanefi na3oB
fiiOrHOeAaBneHUeB S1OMX{e CTBope.Tolulll{_a nofPagl{tlHoro cnod
Knp.o,TaK H 4.nn nepeAnax (nepxonux) rpaHeft nasoB K*p., rrJIocKHX onpeAeJrfiercfl corJracHo peKoMeHAalIHnMn. 2.34-2.41.
'2'.46.
3saqennn nonpaBoqHoro r<osQQnUnenra {ou, ytlnrblBalcl-
T qero BJTHTHHeorrrocnTeflbHoro cMeIqeIIHR gaAHefi rpaHH IIpflIvIo-
yronbHoro na3a (tnn a-, puc.36), npuB'eAetlblHHX(e.
,t tlYl Kae
.A=tq(-ro$1;
or$<ooe
- q l w

0 ' a . ; ' ; t | 0 ' 5 5


6) '\ 0,04 r't'' . ' t ' ' 0tzq
. o ; 0 8 \ r . . t r , o , g o
. 0 , 1 2 > i . l , o
1=QJ| '' r paHn r asa HJI Hnpn 3Ha-
2.47. f lpn nJI aBHbI oqepTaHilf
x lx3aAHeli
.qHTeJIrIIOM IIoHH)KeHHH grofi rpaHH nO oTHOIIIeHHIo K nepeArreftrpanu
&r?g-ro mafnJQn'ot?
6) (tpo AJfl 3aAHHxrpaneft nasoe oKa3bIBaIoTcncyUecTBeHHo
,3traqeHl,tfl
K6u=l,o MeHbrrrHMH sHarreHrEfi/(,,p" AJIR nepeAHHX rpaHefi. BgHAY 3toro ne-
peAHI{erpaHH cTaHOBRTCf OnpeAeJIsIoIIlHMH C TOTIKH 3peHHfionacHoc-
TI{ Bo3IIHKHoBeHI{fi KaBHTaUHI{B KaMepd 3aTBopa. OAuaxo Ha6lroAe-

K6
J

. FLrflpa6oru eoloc6poca.
I ;-. B-qaCrgOCTu,KOrAa A,Itfl 3aTBOpOB,yCTaHOBJISHHbIX BO BXOAHOM
_l_
.,:.oio.nonKe [rJrHHa HanopHbIX BoA9BOAOB, rle yAoB,llerB0pflercfi
z0 JO _TpaKTe
Ha [a3ax IIpH IIOJIHOMOTKpbITHH
.;.yCnOnneOr-cytCrenfl KaBHTaqHu
ilsarnop a, qerecoo6pasu6 ycrpofi crBo'HH)KerIasoB nir asulrx cyxeHnfi
,:(xoHQyeopon), BoAoBoAon [2, 20]. CteneHb c)KaTfif no nJIouIaAH ce-
i'qeHas no4oc6poca, Heo6xoAuMyroAJIfl JIHKBHAaqHH'orlacHocrH Bo3-
Psc. 36. OnpeAe,resne KpHTHtrecKnxnapaMerpoB npH6nnxeH.Ho onpeAe"IIHTbnO
KABNTAIIHH na3oB 3aTBOpOB ,.nnxllogel{HflKaBnTauHHna3oB, MO}Krro
w \ tpopyyne:
npH norHux orrpbrrur.x (a"" t .<
7 -<3,0f
\
I-t:t.s ocp:;onofi
rparr rraraK*pr: K*r, t*o,ut (X -rn-rri I:-un Hrraosori
rpar'( na3a (37)
f
. : AK-K"[t+u,ut(Yt')]
1*0,,
3 a T B O p O Bn p H H H M a r c T C r rB coorBercrBnn c Aar{HbIurf,npunaO"nnor*"
na pnc. 36.
B xa,{ecrne Trxo 4ax yCrrOnUfipnc. 36 cJreAyer npHHHMarb cpeA-
Hror,o
cKopocrb.B cTBoPena30B , a B Kaqecrne //*", _. cpeAHee a6co-
5?
Bepxa-Ceqenafi
HOCTb.OTNIeTOT( Olc6 u 0)u.-
53
99
w
-Br ur f v ( 700g amruaw) so€BU.HHHAHaJBS nr or ur^rndu - - @.
uHHaheJHtrEIfloru x Jsoseu m B ssu
xereEedu B xrqHHalxoroucef-.udoa.r.ee gun
-xAdrcuox ilJJoxJoru olrtuqreJHorudor
us nan>iaodu Hvernoru auHani udu oxcror, uarduo HururHser nuHasoHxnHros,irriomn
,?::"'lffifir"fJ'f##
-OHJO- <<AHHaUaree>>) sorBu lrodorg
<<Hr{HaHeJBr>>(olrit amsrog) womcrrog
.r)ra",.u
Hd u s Hrc dasro r Hr.Hdxro Jo' d"y crJ-or^r
HJHs'B';
-eo8 OH4aHHrf XnHHAHJOTU.,{ e.lced IJoHHeruoJB eaH HrrH-BoHHarruoJBr c)' xrsn dorrBHseg u x Br' -,"$oti,fJr?
".getnor
XHsotHH }tdU sodogJes xExcolfu vvy vex :eodosJ.be You-ed BxoJorr sHHaieJ.cHxer^ruxe-d*tngun adu wttH
-JBUOU?raBrSB HAnBrHSev r]erfoJr,lvfgeoa XHHHBrBvr{ eu gnadag
udoeree rusaodre
o:oHrarodu oJoHx(HaYou o.rarnolddrlr.,{rad ro BxoJou sHdro (g
- ' :edosrue ger?Bh xteHYgrv
'sorarrred
-ts1ru xHyranllrged -Bt
llrrietsorarr r.tr,{tiInot,{sntagr6oc gllnrastaYaduo rr uurndxro r{HauarJ ro UH}n Jo 'a 'J-'gou{rcfi H soeuufrou 'sbseu
Jo Evorou srcdro (e
-B)use€ oHHesrJalu,(-r r(adoe.le€ ert reuadau) .edosres : (g) gHeorc.{ BHHeHIroursssHTBHBr3nHsraVeed scerHYosodu
dousH 4nurar'ced- dg aVj
HS}I I|OV XHdOJ,OX 'UWNVLHAVX
(se) dH&Jtgo'o: * 'A: duxn VTIV THHASOHYHHTOS BYHHhOJf,I,I XIqH
-v(or rros esv scJ.orawusodosrBr xrurndvro XFTHhHJJBh HdLI .og.a
-
-Hvgudri osxow_..HHuahal rlroJulr{J sodosrpr xguJrcdyro xrqHhurcer, ndu
s
i
srf,odovc - t "d'"ttt :1";i ?t# HHle.tJ.{sBxrraHagoHynHtogfircoHxohrsos exdasodg .g
'0'6-:9'I:dxy
X,g2 aoceu HHr:aHorrls
"^"rog
lrclu :dosrec fltrJor.u-9 :g,t*g,I-d"y , DOOSUIDEu0 DXOw1u _ ..::
Lrorr,riodx . 'xBrfevonr EH rrJUHrourssradYerc
aslcduo ndu nnhownga)t DHot-bj
I-latri4rrrr Ltorrssl'rr r ??*e , r:d"y
4o:rnddx =
llou]r{HH nodno r jd-oare- {r.rrr.ruariior^gnHrud
Hoe xrrHsndJ,o aahedee HrJosHhl.{orc,{ fxdasodu''orHsedu xB}I
-go-g !g,1+6.1:oxy lrloeree 4FtrruanJoJ_, '(tl'g-g:g 'u) UFIUHT
eod_osree xtsrndxio oHhHrJgh souHr -ruduodaw HnttsHdaseuintE Hr^[Hrrrex{arVeuoHahalrcago qrrirg oHr{rov
xgdoroyau Bntr HHhsrHB?r
sodraw .
-edeu xnirer,srudx uxuang .jg:rna otn.'uHItedee Hroosahh-o.lcrt s H uersdro euog g sHHeheJ Brlrnx(ad
Erlosnhgorcf s-sJcoHHadasd or.{nrorf qrar^rH onrryoxg@H oyBHVO
'xBHoe xEr€ EI HV.neLHsex
sddrcr.,{cro o.rowoVaget ansJcVares 'sculV
-ostH odu eH .IqrehJedamn s er qnH et uxr t ' e yo r o u e sn d Jo H o r su n u d e e
uBHHesJcerJa nvr - BBHHesJccdycn resur.Horar{ BOJaEsnherroego
ztr.rox 'sou/tlc{ H soeeu.{ffoU 'sotBu ro Byorou asrsdro ndu -6V.2,
Qgz-.vrl'u)
'dr{o}taVHs
tsuHJ o.losdau BHHohaJ rtevrlerrd x qrprJoHro rartVarc-
xsic
-ou '4 amilrog slrHaxfc ulrerr.d.c rqdoer{$n9xr.rarcouxdasou
-oHsodaH vH HHneJHSBv HHHaSOHyHHSOg 4UAOrc[ Xerarrjed UdU
'rtodosf$Hox Bxorou BHrBx(J'ltoJ
-arrd c'ecodgcoYo.s eVoxc.ed uruaulnsseox BHHaHHorr{orcran J rqrah
-ced euyeariurgedVrar fi av<xur, HrlrqHHoHherusex cfvrdun qJrHrrou
-ns'onuyoxgoeH uodoe,{SHox asrc4odrcf Gi"" *rc*oosJBr xH
"Ou
u aocodgcoVos xnlrdoueHoyoJrrs uuHesodplryaodu lrdu scrasHanndu
0vodHm rltads eornsoJoet s au.Lsuduodalu o.r.6-'edoer{@rox nraHHBI/€
-of, luHHBdrcd BcJepJelrouYadu Hwrsdorox ea Hicnei,:veie:'- srrHeeoHxHrr
-tos qlcoueeuo '('u 'r H Hvaonvvgo sovlqJf, 'aoxng sov-soroJo 'soe
'uu) erodgcovoe goiHanave tu oJoJ Hunerusex dra!,[edeu r-ruycahHr-
-.rrdv BfiHiIITBnHJuBI^IqruI^rHHHdu.r.afvarJ .I*y EHHahpHedrosranaed
asrmhpx g ruenudu '(/g) ou pHaravaduo qrrqg rex(on unondoefi@
-HOXqHeUerCsertuvoxgoeH xger,^rJ xacs og 'naHHamad nnuaurxe@'
-Se enscas q wnrngo'aoeodgcovos xrcHdouEn uHHesodnr.vaodu udu
Ef,raBrss'H.l,3ottcBuo. IJoHHouner,Hgex HrrgxHHhorJlt nJJorBsHEpxo
?tsdeJ,ou'ecodgcoVos goJ.Hanefe xo.L ey<un edos[QHox eHHByroO
L9
-edrcoduc-edeaUogTu]ls
PvsolfoJoJo Bvorou esicdro rnuarn.{'ovau ,.= xrsHnerserevadu
r*rsorrcd srr eg Exhrsrgrg'HrrTnror rq!*:!I:H
IJHHEhBHS ''OtOgON-"
^1o,,u^1rrrdo{ynHhngosrY oyerrEO.q#
dogrsa [""r""""4;;;#u^.;;;"" _:: OIHIIEhI,IL'AS,T X .LAVEg
- ]i"O'UU BHHAHEIEg I{HEUAJJ
e'Heh,raa{ nieHHasroru,{. w*soxd""-,
-a
o { orr
oHsodaH 9;95 "',"J;jf;' ""''' sodorree xHXCOrfu vty
"?1' "t# ffH ffiil'jf "' 1?,'"'# 'r{or
-ah s edosJ.ee_B\Y w orrr '6'6)ulr>g.l
-HHsos.arcosxdasounr,r"il;j'##iLfIJ#" H"T:,';]li"J#l*' " -gAnox xgrravedu ell<xo* s BJJorri
; sos'u rr'HeHerBr xrHaua_ria gg-.twd .B8BU
:eysolroro{ ***nval"ou
tvnrdocpgoHnevfau Bt-tH sHHeL'sBv-
ruiedl lrosos'H xenrdo{ xeJs adu ""-
Hr#i go"*""vou xH neurga rod
suHaxa'c oJoHHo'ndasu nrcu? -oaJBt xHxJoru sotBu grv d"V
urorou esrcdro arrsrcvarr"rselsororo BH
;;;;;;;;'"" .i.. BHI{ohBHtoto 'q.LsHHdurlraaHeHJoru[
v\ilcsorHH C
Xedosrue ddu oHlr(orlr goJ.eLCedxHlrJehr{Jyedu
"u".r."n; wrv
,\Exs u",=.
"";ii;i"Jlil#::"#%T sor Eu aHner
-,€
HsBx_rrr HeHnvs s eox ; r, #;itJrl; Iq;# il:1 ? "f # g;
sodosree
sodosreexBdaruex
xBdaruexIs so,,hrqg
so,'hrqgx*Hs'aveed 'iF ou lcvos
" " Hvor elqHqlreru.Ldes .sogeu
x*Hs'aveed -a-reeem-qrognan :edo"rn" IqHsHcHeJHH eeHelrr hlar eHHeH
x'evgorroroBHrirner's'x rHHeaoH,,HHros
uudeaodg , tt, lin"nxddrcuo" - anHaHaJT)e q?tauarJ
:,+_=_ ."oto"rrc
"rro;;;;;;; -reor^rHeHHahBHe
aouiaq.Ltarn,{r "truu xrn.lHdxlo
eI -hriJ )Bh rEdu u uEurH s B "i"* xrsH
r,.-.--rcwvogodu sorHarrer€xur€ rrv Hranced arcHHornrr""'.f" x ? re r,es g" r, n"r" d ;o" ;;;; HehBHr
-Er''
-., . (xrrevbw
eu osadaaocruqrrrg Jeer^rH eH HxCeharvedu "g,.i,.t "
ouxryo-v o,r,) eclo"rue ;;;;;ffi;.€; xBHHeHrOruf, "
xHeosHH Udl sodosru, *r"rouu
xrqHhHrJBhaHotBuewYI4Ie)sos FtHBgodi.rdee sot'u gaHedr-x*rsorHH erardo@'sJJ-qrar'orrgo
'sos'rr osrrhgomd lr b"*trr"'frt *FTHHBTBXT{ .{Vuag
{oudrc.{ a soeer{rou ro ,"ol,ou-""ioo*o rqHoe nr"
"uri":i+F HtrHtrw+esu,(rou
'nr^rieeuEr Bxorou
ea*dro Hrror t;Iffiff#f
-oc oHHasJ'earnfrH 'ItIBsBu
otr Flvos aurrahal aoHqrgyurdas JaByHH
-ros 'BXOrOrreHHadurneed-
soaoyog aoFraHJHe-ruu ruvoxcuodu (q
-B€ r{}lIBrHaI^larGHI4lFIHHBeevf lrqdal^texBoudoar
Vadau BoIr"JoJoHhrrHedrou oruHasoH
-eerrcr'i{ruoxcarrrlxBdu
r .r.uyosH{-u B}roJ_ou eur.exc (e
:ol,hryoaorr",
.I,{et ) HtusJ g .edogtee
HI,Irr.Idy
-ro woHrfou udu xuufr'ci[
H xete'' ex( xHxBJ B]r Han .amqHed oHHeA.
-rcarndc JeBvHHtoa
edogres HJcBh 4ouxuuvou rrrargs HeJc xeur{rcr{
H xeeeu{rou 'xBtBu BH ralreruseJr
-ar ltosdouBHtAg UdU Haddrc r;roHr{errxoregc HsHah
nrn nodosrer e, ,r,*rna, lroucloueu udg-
Bdosru.eHrceh i-rouxcravouJo (ufucFeuu
''troil) BtBIr-HJJBh
'sJrorsravaduo Bowaeaud*enited nrarriraruv{,svadano or^sdau s
H rsrHhHreed edJ.erundeu oro,i""rry.{ xsJ.eer,
x,rrr{ehB}re xrqneed s
.erHalrhrs$eox udrjxsenrtrcxHr€s evra;s o,, .1$il:frg, TIHNBJHSBY BHHESOHYHHTOS gHgOrC[
OYPHVO 'UHIIEhEI
rlurndvro noHlroIrndu v vv>r'ax(>rBruJ.rorBrevaduo -sHdro rolsxHHtog aYJ 'rllr'rdas.o IqHOT AIiIH
-ndx.lo xrqHhrrJcerr 'troreu ;;i-1 nnrrn t3orr"drr.o CIHHehacdyuecs
udu H rHo or s'y du-y-Fr;.;;;;;;;;;;t:
"o,lo"!"# ou orJeN slJoltlH Jexoru godoBree *"rurod"ro Xrer.rrrHJOBh adu sotr
ay( oJh '(neu,{rcd .nuseu.(rou) ,1reEBilx evoxforr-BH -{r,cf H eoeeufrou 'sos'u
-edrou HorrJ oro"in"= Bxorou asrsdio Hd" ;il;;;;;; .zg.z
HHHesourehJlr noxaanuixedu s .svedono:o,r"t;;-; ;"rr.r*,;: *o
-edHs aHlIBHrs or€ 'JIHIIBJHSBx 'slrsorc{
BrHesoHxngtos r"- r:' - sodosr,eenr{anre>r <aarnor{dgr'surdaudc>
-vLtvs aogPIrJ oHqreJHJorIJo
""" 'daruadrtsp) - eH
- raehneexo edosrbe orouqdxro otrnn"cenll- u?bsoros xor{eJJ HHeod€rJL;"o"nBJHspy "o'"9rto3;tf"ilil
aHhIlIrBI{ (eVoaoVoa eHY H€}IIr'gs oHr,ngO) soudJ.cf nt ,so6.. Jo rq'HrflBs
*" -:" srv Hdan eHHerrBr.rrauJ ql.,e:nrlHldu.lefve"r iorrrrvf
--e r x BvJce rr,,(u doar.ee Hreu h "ornuirou
Bou xu avorr'Jo x rqr,r,r ubyi -tqs udosles o.rorndxro an cree'li<dav
r *rt :;n:r oHhurceh sry d.*).< y aasorc{ ev.ro)
-sed qrBrlrr.r ^#-.
HH.{u-,lgflr,rc di,y uHHehBH, J"r oro J}XX1X'J -ergs oromqro g H rlnlu*oruf yvnhrrr
u sodosree HaJ.IcdNJo t^toHhlareer' " d""y xrqgornH v,y u orh ;T":1
adu soudraf H soeeur{
noi yvy - rngaheHs lnrarauiuro'udrnnsoxdae
u:'y>6'l ' xgyJoru r'[
.9'l ) eusorJ^ sJ,emurradusoreu lrdo{ xurb . " "odo*rur
FrIr oHlr(oruxBJenredxHvJahHlXeduudu u ,oxarasaH ar{HBHTS gJE.-i -BetrH'crdyroroHyrah";#fl"ryt;:"""1:'j""?"'^"t'1;Jffi
3'":$#:
--;ie:-r . 8 9
'xtsHHBoJJou H vel'xtquHaruads xey guuaxddooJ :$i
xrqH>lcrtriodut
vo"
sorHar^rare sru eHJEUo uviaos oH H (g'f 'l) unlfe.r,c rr4ama["9ug
prdu ltan'amqs eru oHqrrer nhBHrBurode s eHnounBr Hsuy #
V-nI rsurdoQ.i f- arr{nrcloQou uavesqnoducJHg Je}r(owedoedsHor Jahcgo -,ro""oj::l
IrHneJHsBx HoHsisdc uHYBTJ rjoHqrpheH s oJh 'rearvrilryq 't.g .;E
'.:f I
Be uJHaTnorgxrtc'sodosJ.ee Hdanux goudoe,(enox oa.r,cHod.lcr{
cruH
gaivurf, ae BoHqrshEHHHn?rHsBxrrrxasud anuannuud,rg .;**.;', -alrudu oHll(ow'exhn9 anue.ldarroLIHHemoHro.IlroHHoHnBJHsBy
. ";B s ooH
- t4nnvrngv)t6HH3goH)HH€ogoJoHrUodag xrtuaoron B. . i$i'
-crarr.rdbgraraovrts.ledgovou sJJeBvf err
evrox .xsendrc xer g
xHrnCIvrogvd'HHHgx,tdoof, xnH)t-f,AtroduovogBorr{gwsre.F:.
rrl.fcrt\-J^ lrnrrtrn trhutrrdu\r rrArr Urr ,/rtrt-inrrrarai:ra rrr .^'Pi1
HHtOde HOr{f,VUOtrHHsrnvdsrotrsdu rqdEw '8. ^ uuHarats
' :E# , , uduuvorouorsrrrosuhgorcdau r oHBsBsr
-HOHHOHnVTHSV)|
"::Tffi:#:j;aHrous
'€rodranarrrHr^rxHysroxc .F,- :olog-t, JasrsBJsoJ elr( acg sodosruQ rsdanex goHnudrawy\iHJ
-as uxvxdou gduadprmc xgrorn Hdu axuY 'w gl -:- eHmeus xerarodu s soVox
71 aa,vogxedou ff',. -ced unnHsud'xtrreVow eH 'BXhFtg
-es ndu oJJeII reel^rH eYJacs svcerrnryedu eso 6ir' '1{ll wesrqre>tou' exsoroJo ?KexJ .gg .tHd
FI"tHUO .JOIBSTITB)LOU TPX ,.
rsruquo or '(ruHasroru,t You-gu BaIrrorByeJFrs'addr,c'a) noysoroJo 'oJh 'q.Lggntnttrt -
'BnHaHrorud lafVarc
pt HHIIBJH,uBx BJTaeJBX ell{ orh NoxgolfoJo Vou oxcrol ;
eodosree xaoqo HH.r.rsdxro
. uufiewtsey. €rBhBH r^rxusqrJ4 )r BJJEco:rJooFTHHBV anHHaVaaadg .: r*Hrfou aerr^ic s dvx17 H ,
'(eodoawr xnuir{xro qHhurcBh Ery yex) rEraln; duxrl lIHHerrcuhlqs' H-dU
otHHahal
orHHahal Ar^roHrroxFrs
.,{nosVoxrrs y xrqHHeJeHJo 'ucY
'd"t4 srif uyxH
dex17 Hou
udu (d rjordnr j
17,) 4OrAr^Ii '[6] nuuahec
-doQ c H'HsJf,rasroo) s oHqruJueltudauJx€ rqHeh,{rorr dty snuar'eHg.! ex{ wor€ s aHH.
. 'EHHaHroru[ -arseV aoxcanudJ.er^rosactr
worsoroJo tsou oHHegrf,Vedcouan Htnv;:Lrsex sHnesl
--oHxHH€oaI^tBusorcfi au]norenesJo'Hnheruhex
aaulredc LPa +"H:
Hdrawe deu ail]rcahuJ -dex17 :g gonndam uaHarr.
-sdv rqHerserevedu soysoro.ro nrdo$ xFrHhurrcvdvvY 'cud eg
69 .' -eJ s B)roJou srcodoxc gsH
'rluHamoHro HroHHdanzrHae.x e,ff -Vadc - r'A-dux1 :srrer^rHH
Hr rtsHceuotag Bcqretexq lfroru sn-rraHroru/[ eaden uyrtarodu xurreln*:., -rndu .lafyarc aer,drc ]rroH -
xlqrfBr^rBr^rqcesudu 'oHlrcagsHaH BvJacs HvcehHrvedu '(og't-g6'g 'u).F:''
-uev '(at 'rgdr.'gg 'rHd)
rswdoQ eninex<erven scrorevudu an ,{n Hrrea '4ercer,' xrqnvu-rixis i{F '' E
HHNBJHSBX I4IBITJHh I^IH}IMh
edosree Hnnv.{drJHo}I BH HHnBJusBy rjor€ auarclraavrog'o{irJrorixdauff, -urndx ou xrqHHeVosoHJo
-olr EonrerHrolcu.{ H ltasHaHrornlf .{rxanr Hrerfi godaweed n rnsaq.s,,
-roru,{. BysoroJo rrnrdoQ .lo rncukp I oHHesmalndJ aa au HesoHyHn sog -ff='l eH 'xrugorc{ .xnHHeyee s
'ontneJHsex ordsaraln JorEsrq€Hs 'orlrsudu yex 'w .,#;-
oratnor{drrasp}r alr .exrrng
0[ aarrog xedou'.'.f,*i. exs'ororo nrudo$ e dog
.' -BH Hdu godosJet xnuHug,{rrJ BuHaurornd eadar' uxrrarodu 'gg'A -rqs oJoHqlfarBhHoyo u soJ
sodosree LlrrHeHJorudBrlhurnsBy ruuaralg '[' -arrced accanodu s oHeHrorr
I
: -He. qJHg'Jelr(oru qlog awu
--l\
-amoHrooc eHHeHhOrA
0a'0 I6'0 6G'O 9r'0 d"y ' 'Hugahacnouuaxi{J -
s Hr{aerhngdyxralr erarodu oJoHro ellndnrn-fr eravg
9l'0 gt '0 9t'0 eglea 'gt'| -<
egisu ?g
09'I 9L'0 01,'0 8f'l
6'6 le, sr"r 9rt g'0 egita :oHhr{rcen rndyro
gZ'o s,LrcgJe}KoN gorddr edoaJ,
9'0 t'0 9'0 96l'0 qies- i
00'z 9I.I 0'I 9e'l g'6 eglol : I
-ee oloHYo Hurndxrb' IlroHtrou udu orn .{Vns
s BcJear,{r.l
urre (9
l . €i<IH
. - ' 4gI ' 0- <9g
-sr{xdirl
e||vf,ahilIuHrrG €oxco!'oJo nd.ranedcI
:xer.ari'oduxHogo g sodosrue uurgdvro ,lro,Hrrour^rolrHawadsoHyo
udu
sorsoroJo nndo6 o)rsrroJ sreroged rexor{ zdanexlorh .sJ.r.aeJgrrouYadu}rrJa (e
sou-htqg soxsoroJo BrY d"y rurreheHt , :rJHnBYHeruOXad
XHErOri(Ver.f,
€H
61 inrngol a '
rVoxcl't'cctnVoseHodu sodosrue xedeltex xnHrerroduxrtgy xFrHHeH
H
f
t
I
1
tg t
'9-A 'r 'q '<<Qsr3qL.aJ.uodrt
dJV'916l aoxJahlrHxarodvrr r> - ' e o f o x c e d
-o0I) eyc.rrl.rodil t{L.ts tlrtrx{dnHox xFrHq!.aru
euHEBoe rcHain dai"3 :A'r l r w ' g
Huwdaufy
,
-ursaruor.ur(
XH I,I o_ !cnoHxdasou etrBogo_f
.u s Brxrrvo y re^aur*o'u{-3' !(eorrao.o.rorvnr;o$-
-rEd H iiit^:,111? ::,ir^iT-'
:H . sHdu osonHreo xHHhHrf fi n ll rulraruorudxosorioJo_/
r rb)rsor ) Bo HoH ry:_r.:,l
:. j!_t rl3rr;;;;;;
;;;; J'., r""H roHro I : HIlr HaHIOIf u r{ . xurrr orr(dr sr n$
' I 80y soIroJO B[v
dr u aore r.r
dar' hr xnr' danr [rHnpJHsEx rsdralnjedeu aHxSetrrudy .6g .JHd
-u'ou .; ";;;'_" d u r l 6 u uo
,t"r,:* TLT'J.?:TT :jL: :jly" EH yso!,;r* srr orr H
.H an nd u ""Y,
p "
gailsdxou xrcHrrorrnerirs B'os,,"oou" "; vroHr{
,,r;;;i;;"*l"r:;;; L1; v/D g'o (o
otqrtoy4orJ - :
t'loHHoHner'sux
8oxof,l98 c sotfuHdaruhr rH ,rn.r"d"ou x,"HrHr,,Br oarrgodrql j
'isdosrceddEyuarou
-agdalrurorr alKvBJ u nsol .i
rrJBJHhc.ladva'r r.r#ulo'
HnrrrH'Hrxaucdag Bor{Hor{ner,seyori;,-
{ggr raunertrllg>rad a gjJ: trrrri*( cres3
!'v",u
edosvou .(s .cud)
-resroor 'ttu\tetusev
:j:'J,*-'1*:3:i::*:i.:19"f
usvett "tu
odHarnursr5F:
tn^0il6!'"nnr?"rl, ffi#;lig'
" 1i1
edv'uvuhrusevargoren{vt vnv:uHo-lsHandrou- -us Hnavasadu;1.
r.?
f::,::jr:9*o1-l
-hHrfr'd. JHH 1r"""*overrrr' wHHHey
ou) euo.ragxoderuxrqn,=:
srr"v Harcodovc xrcsorodou BHHahEHT
a*rHrrosodHrri."ooi'=E
Blroreeavderu,*q,i_vg,ry,[t]";f :lr*;*-,r,r";dffi
-ou x*rHHorags'Hemddeud
orouuo'h'r'spy
"Tf*#j!:f6aer,rrrl ;;"l;:;:*'=,;,
-
uuoreg nxdelr Eo)rlorf,orrHonhuurge)r
dogvog :{i'_
-:r_
IN
svleDus'c'\lrr(, rHuuJ0x s'gorrsluo xtcIHqIfpHnAuJ BHHatresodu nrar[d::
Istarso'e.lcd qr'g .lArolr u-,r-.,.y -i"a.
BHHahBHe
xreh{r, **"ou.oJo'i-t
-aH axorou nroHHesodudeeap
-uuv xroJOh.{ J B_HHax(orveduudu "" ro,u|l ;".T;j",rtT, " i[#t-*t
HJ€ oJh .oxesyo .sJJesl,.se.leyadll ...,-,,
Hwrsdorox
-rca srv
" " n "T#rnoffi*{,T"#tffi $l". tt3#f;l':fu ;
aor*uo
" xrc'd/fues xndoroyeH "_5x ,"
"orll"rr{ead "ro*16 uo
- qrpr4r
HHud" u osnax ra'9raduoHhrrgoi rrn.{rrualroyad
r.l#;rt*ffin
.e.&y<y
ensorc{ qrBr^rnrrndu
(g) rua
o'bf orJar,rs orrv(on 'Bnradsaoncrar'".;onoo*"
*urno,uroged oH
e9- -<;
-eH oJeJs amer,
.uit'osnB
soHJogooonorrr."jfl 29,
ilr.r.olgteg '[gtl
-pJ,ttapx sHralnedaJ.otradu HneclosJer Et j*jf,:r. ..rr'3,
oz-gs;13g 'danudu?H
...:;
nlo"oconf''ail;; "G,t:
: .-o.loj"
luruaolrJd ou) <NnlrllrJ,f,.{uotr>
ou HrrnptrHar^ro"ro-,
xtcHHeV g xtqwaBJeIrtH eII .goJol
-JOSJ.OOJ ASOHJO
- ."",T""0'J:J',.Xii,oo'J^,1"J"1'"':J,f,,'";i|.F' BH BJJOIBSHITSBT
-aH'1r
a.{
drc
;y?L.^i?:4;X:ff,:1?,Jj,.
4oHru
exedr ve; ;;;;;;;;;;";#;;#;# Hrueruuxad Hhru>rf,aharsedvur .r4r
;"#I X;i?:t osJJehHrox
-odadeg
oJe aor{HtroxgoaH
.erosoxdreo€ EH
rrrtrosel-.oeroBr.r ogxaveu ;;d;;H H
lexdreos c-tt_nnodasio-J":.*6"o*Arsos-9
"ur'.o""ro_j XFIHJHOTJaJ . goudJ,$tl'
"o"rot 'Y 'J
-99..2T9:"-:I9t" 'lcEost:"iyi,;;;,1'**i ^tlsvnL'y
til:'!.,1j,,-t&#t[?&o'0""Y.,'I| xnsovosnutl tr
--odu
-ogu t'lHrrdHlu Eot')-? :elvu a*rr" HnHUUqOUJB8
sodosree X4X..r
xi,f: -
-gy1tl)
-(ffr{fir1-;yi11g*rg3 IHh
l'l'Hdtllu
nattltal.so:rpr:r1oq D,nd,\r^^
-Jolrr
nattltarso::Bnf,on1r eroeoros-;oi'l;;
"iji -1rrr^rr dn ^hL, t ?.,xLr: . s evosovosr*pged qrco'xow€osqrrrh
sogeil xlqHqll"BxnrOiili, arosovo-sniarnrrosro ^o","J";;l hIoH}IHIftr gHHahaJ
s BIAIHy(
.T,,1F,3";";IJ#t';H"r,?g.#T,u"TJ,l',ii'"0"'jSf#;i _--gsv*vjr r.LtidrJrrnrHUutsJ .I'IrgngAr
-nrlrr a rnrru f'l'-v-.. ^..
r,n;;;;-";;-;# ,i;ffiiH: jL:*,:*,T:lI"]:o-:;1;,;;f;"i1?:;;H'H'"J#"XT dxravgo pH VJHH
o*i::
.*,::"""r", .
-aHIo['UA H]YFrqorHU a l-
,ii::jjj'H55Js+ffffrii".T:tl*ld"',,m:;l;;;;-;e;;-:#;;"y: Y#;T ::: :'.:::.Tr_s_sou BHHasoHNHHros qrux{eesH 'Hxgort
;rfri:':t"1ffiffi1,1.1:i!:ii!:,ry:fi.$'""Jr-ilf,
-u .f,rf r ryor _'ex,{ve6s j
nrovosyox ##"".,L111i'L"_r^i:1"^:f "il;*f#;l
9iyr",r;.;";','r',r"n'"r="",rffi
f""-%1,Ts,Td1T:o
:3f,tfri""i-l? :i %-f;;; -HnBr HsBx c ngsdot ;",i ilTJ""#,.-,1-'"::y*.i?.
T1g9", j""###X"r'Ii
_r'nl"i'"
.qlor,rs"ini
","",F.',#
;a;":a?ror;;;;;";;"#,":il_" .Lasraveduo HQexirc vrt
HOs xFrHrrrsror uuhede
e oon.- -epee BpHy(evBH orinafi
sl'I'ahar"^iil*:j:11""1,:^1::p.::::t;;;;;#ffi;"j#;;l;'o'
#:{:?X',*,yT:,,^::^:.":l4"vnoio"il?t"#,HioJ"#l"H;ff;
:;;
goeeu r{yra11yljs11?_:0j_ "orolou 'sausode
rloHHo'n.:::yf
! -@ o}reHqo .edosiee fd
-px s HheYouoxrtveos 'ruodosree
: w;; ;i;;;; 6;.*i ?
I{ t V 9 Be am{O ,^rern"ion"o
- o -ou s HHaher Br\rH)r{ed o: s ByoJ
-tr-VoxgoeHEnar.go
o.rai oHdouBn g-or
re os'h rJorli-., i"i".ir"l gb"r
-J.agraVaduo i
as xgHoex asv re{varcad:rorJhFrgo :uren
.dv
s ex^yeos resxet-xrcHHi eodogreer_sdar{uy
s exrtvsostrosvolr.g.g
1
sourtJ.c{ .gotodou
'soegudrou sodosr.ueHdaruex.V
uItH sosgu
sdosJ.eeJo Blrorou esndr€5,
-19 r'v ga'odoxl xrqsolodou
-'(3 'eJsos eHasecllc snrrah'rrrH Brror'm*r;{lot"3-Jj:H
[' uvu-unamr,ra^i on*d srr.ig Ja]KoI^r
BBHHOHNPUI'BY HHIIBJHSBX
s'eode
HoHrHsHEdr
x udmotru eiffir; HICBIT9O S UX^VEOS EVOSYOTJ
UdU .b.E
-eyarced oJe qu.rhauce LrHHarsutr xFrrrHe}r(r|*ou nrf,Srfgo g uxAysos yostroil.
u orr 'dogree Bt xfre;
.-:a2--- HrJasyou orcodu eH
-Hvoxgoen oroH
ItoIInPrH -xH
777777V77* Haaeodegou 'dal'u dueu) sex eHHeL'sB dorox B,y\.1i?[t"6?ilff X3X J"X""1T:
-HnErUsBx H TJaHnEJHSB) nuercoc e'vu.(dx orrrrrerHJoHJo
rsg*dog rn"adr rrnor : qlr'ulH'Hdu aaHsrarurrrouvaou u, eode g,rodu .a'xgor)
3 -ar qy 'edourcsororlHoHn'r'_s'x"r"au""'o]ora s'Ha'feu oJoHqrr'r
'(6 areree- ;;;;;;";os pHahorrrlrr' aH
s goHHaxorsn .e>r aarnBorc'H A soreuder"^ *iu"rr
orar .sHHeh[gH s^ada
-an ou gorafreed -unrouov refga-d.l '(urcandxar oJoHqreJ
esoHJo "n-"''rr,
go>ryerno'u c) onrro"i"rrrrru
rctuyagf oyJerr r{oJ€ s)E"
-sner rrhBlre xHrnol HO*
-eruser sHrodu :y y ypt'so(e Hderu^ **" aanrr'ou Hueoder"{oHH
xuxgorc OHn
r HxrBeEuee .dantadueu.et,,- B,Harra^"au .rqsBrf,o,
-osrer adaweu s flanerfi,ft a*soxfh{ex-ouyr'lcxoue a".xsr e '(nrbv'ro*oorrerf€"iro;;;',ir-ilJ;n c.xo?eu .ExJau
-Blr BHHeaoHxHHeoa Il Jerlf, elqHhlllrsed) nra'ar, HIfoLtB
H
n"rofl,,' -44_..:

J lqs
-;;ru;;,
Brf,o J ers{rs.'oyour-osvu oyord
lr arsHd'seu'ou-orrvrrf,xou" nr"rni"-
nr^r*rHs'rxaucdag
.'hHrrBH
{^?g::X*"l::0".',}^'::ixedouex"d";T.Tfi1^uf"":3XX1;*#:., irorrn
oxB'vo 'ic 'poeru-q.'-g.o n"v"iJ,?ixlf^i;"Jt;"t#:F, -gorr ErHsBy
o.r"rrojffiH$l
-:]}l'i
odu rtro
J;"#:il:?':
u
Harc{t;ff
sa{drr yBHasrcHeof$ldrfi, .ttl Bcqre
soarJVosoxf d .
r
Hvogve s :l_ti: :.'1*=Hxrs?
ed"anpH i"" r"""?,ff
-edu rr edogJ,ee "o'o orlil"o s
fdaru;--;;dreos ;;;;;;
" rrorhoreroo'
"t"t"X adg
HtrHaHrrounsH ggnesodnrxaodu ur
ffi enyJahur4rduuE err rtJarreed lsr{Hrr
.lqtrosoxfu€os
€adah ax or_ol lesrluedre
d'reH en an^Jior-dli' i,r -7
:911.o^rrlf
esHoro Fllroe : Bstr rr xoHa' i.
,-rodou anHJpuo_oHHoHhBrrngux_g-lnroe "o'""- """enrrro
..aoltadrruanorad_6_a
rltroodd amr.|g aHHrravasHs
trou rcroeoxdveos:i'*:'.ll"i"*""d orcralr J
aona,(trxanoxad aH-;-a i ausamed -ahEHTBII
:ufelodo;'ii'ii,i*unrrrr I ycodoares ec B*osotro'
xoHaD H esY nol'adau-e l(rom.oloul,ruludLou -oxoJFIS.
'gt'0:1v) eutrrrror_g .rv(6ig_S., Zl:ii
srodou exlrodu^ eu Hddr5 ndgreeu"tgrd,fu-g
{oHo€ J gJc'mor'nooor .elgfdr - !erc,tdves
-ox,treoa-g !/ orsr-0rnoru :,/ otsrEno!.u ros
"rnroreg-rra*rroorog_,
u-orrdrlvru,tr'iriijol"ro arrrrr'rosrouoxdreoa_6. rert
-osrea atruasrorud-
I :(JA6,0,,;! s) n Z,O>f ,l ,entr Hol.yf 4nundgo_6_a
:n'z''<ftr 'aoHqwr'oerrdot
-udn uvod orolrBr . rrrx{ ,j#:
ouv 1-o lsodosree x'Hrrrahrral urodou-a H drcs6x xiqHHa,.9r
ndanrudg'oHerrernS^rto.ur"€ :,i fLrtf -}t"t, : i5:,.]
r., eodosree xDdar{ex a exf[.eos Hrf,aa radverr*v*;i;ro" 13"n",{dr.r
Anostrou ou glruamad xrquslnx{dresox ndal*rd1 .1, .Jtad
- -r{oy dogna xBBh.{rrJ xreHHa;. 'Bovo8ox"{Y€os
-ro BIrtr Hwegfdl a tH'ovo" Ero:l
Hriu Ht.uBt":]:X*o
lqHx{roY xBBh.{rc xHJ€ s BsJJlro
.'PstsdJo dnoe
s x.(Vsos xHInBVos,
-Br>) qruYosHd:
)t .lexolr oJh .(so
sodoaree xrurrrdy"o *r*rruru
adu ,
xryBh/trJ xrrHqrravro s TTJBJHJJOI
,'rrVoaoxdYeos ersHqrpHneil J sedeh
-edee
BoHqrraravdirudu i l"oiOoo
-Hedrcd - xHHJHar^rJeJ _l
f soeeil
-etl HHHLITf olr H- sodogJBg
xl{}tf,oli,t
orieecigooJerianHrcoHJprlo rJorrHl
'
ll1g'"ovos eHv olrlregoJor- )roHersHerJEhx'rnordsr:)
H sogBu
oHoHBd g
;i*?; .ffi?"f J?i:?T,::1.':,T..:i i;, ; ;J n,"
HHnEJIIseT aul{aso.tyIrHeo:t
r e ' r .n"
t ' r ru
t 're
E ' y vo,L t 8
e eo o uuf
^ J fr \
, ,c.i
eslcnedrcodir o:orrg{drtrun'
eH egl.rclro Hos
o_:1. fVnag -evoaoYos {Hy
-aveocudu ^oHdoraou u e}rHeJJ y ll.,{r
#Dru adu Byor
-os .iqHog
BoHHeHIrouBa BJJeEsFrtByo "l;;;;;'or",
go"n
".
HOnxeves udu ex<ev'evosovoa fHv. o""""Loerarfidu .esddro-rrHoc
qJsph BBrN(rr aodosret
xHrrJHglrJaJ[, u ,xvtyJorfr' d
a oxeutrg
-q-rf
erHHrfouoy seg Bsrrued.rco
i t P'-s (e du o.ro
ug.,t
drctre
H # Hflj}:j3l*xl:
- l
a(r. :^*,""n :*i:9:^ .qg_p:no:fu"r"J"; ;.;; .rnd) d) useui(rou
useui(rorr aHr,(!
eHH(l
\, '::= -fJi,:3i"";"1::i":,1"1*,J,^.'n"";'o;;;;;#ffi
'egndJ.o """*?J"T;itrf
""JJft
-rrodr -u"A Lronostradau BuoJorrcrcodoyr ,::iiH#ffi;y"lgl;'.:?*:F:**l*i'#il'",""(;H;HnT;
.erfrlflro"""-_
ie:odou .e€ell 'urr,trrd Blrrfy - 17ie.ro..lorr
iit"Jt.,',
"""tl-. _ jy#T'"'.Jf#l'l,f';fi
(ot) ,ar,orur.il,o: ED l. ,
I*?X)"""""JJ"Ti::*XXqiff
#_i:?91_'": goel
iltX"TXI#t'l''u"r,"""n1t'T,.^o,13^o:i3";-.-;;:;;#;###;ff^ffi
-';f"":,I5ffi jr3:,T?,y.'^:,*;tr'_;il"J,#""';"-1##"""';i;
i'j:x1"",
ar.,{wdoQ.- uJre'mqgenf ea*dr-o
lqHot
i,T"";*:ixJJ_il
qJc'h
r{ x'ge'treecr I
ou htoceupS J qrgHano oHlKQln.nrou.,{,rlf,
uvn woreu 'woiodou d^""'vu6u .u) xgllxdeg .(gs.a_ov.G
ee Bxor,J "1*;#"1"*1"1#**:i;_l;i:,_"T*.;:::;,ff
-ou esgdro aHos g oJoweesrrJesxes ."0 ex.,{treos '01rg
BlroJou enuadumaed aoysa' nr.,rr^r,^^,r..,.,|:gou
,v*ve'r &sd,1lr.l oHJJeggIl yBy rHJ
sfi;uyn:il,
nVoxre,l -+i'+. _
Lrou>raotrouo:e trerlrgs .edogreg xur*Hclyro (rcrHhrrJrur, ;X;##""'#"ilT:,1,1^.n?1,?:9.::i11T"'.'^n:';'H"I'#ssf
) lrd11 .4.g -
L9-
. 9 9
r'r/td'Yacrro'xdasor
x'rrraunrrno {:l?'#fg::3lTflHl3fJfJJo3,';1"u.
i "";LlJ
. <EP 'o 10,0
o6l !s I
r) l--
dE: J
- j - * o
;
*?E - : l
R3 I
II
- - l. Sg :r I
d5= I
o2. R
3fE E
Eg; :
5*' €
+ - G t\) .r-sJ;
l
+. (tr s e-
q) a 3-
f
=
E s
tb
i ^
o '-Hdu 'Hr^rrreodoxjarnrlmsrog
b
-Hox q{HsrJam/t?o c r^royorou r ;;#l ;#;;;?Ht;?rT
a aulriorfrroseou
i 9 . E -+o- E8
<i g t; 7
A Uorro rjJrr.Hhtr,Hed.rou aHlrrorBnrfd
l F ; " - D r ? I,J -sp d oHhlrrJ Bh'ndore.eu
i o!- .j- rD
r.{9 cr{r qraaoH Ercr{ ouxo;; ;;^-{ an ged.r e,,
HolrJ oJoHllarf,H-duHHnedee *Huaruc^
H ereaxBsox.(trsosBHHehHresf/
C;-
HIfV 'Bf,raelnedxedl erngooa gJehdrc
(D arsd; ;-;;;rr"-"^,t
t\lorpdou Be oxsod
=\ es*dro Borioe o*rreor ;;;;; .uurrqdyro
oHHAsrJatnfnruadu raeroged dosree hrorfrror_r
rrdu
-edoaiee er.lox .a"ntrrc ,ror'g -rr.g
,{dan.ey s ux{veoe ny.o;you liilu Hueoddr.doHHoHIr
lo.nahudu HoHsErJ sJreursr rrrbx^yebs
pe Ir edogree adalrex q,
eyorou BorrJ
,r xer 'e.l,odogoyog
i:H s 3 H Eyorou oJoHrHe
f,ag 5:Sc c' g-
l.ttrl rrvogosJ eHHeIflHJElr Ja EgHhau
:S:. ;3 8 luArc{ .Hreu ee). rtnHay<fdoocurc-
- 'r'x
lesr<
I ra-' !s ts-e ros .erqrHrJehrs exfreos. voatrol]
s :sHueedarrgo
xH qr30Hxor,{80g
BHahorryf,HqrFrg elrxrov
wanrdu 'edosru€ ddafrex s xfr,-oJ
;;;rilavou ,trosox,ivsos.
-ooHcoI - OgHrf'oeJ,crred.lcodu BoH
q.Lrsgrav(or4rsotrohox{veos aoH4ddrcyeH n ogrn-"nrrirr"rnr"o
xar€-voang -xsune{r";;;r;l;;ji"" *rnn
-rrewedsovredx
jdl xa.cfw06 H edosr"ee*d"^r"-n.r.oged dorunxad
L',:j*T1g^:-"Y !3!ln [9 u'avo-xeosadu
rn" s exfvsosurcodoxc
aHHvadc legorh'vBJ'l*HiiHnc""o ""
.iirg- nr"".uor .nedalrexwFrr{HoH
-udeuv x{veoa aHrrsvosvou.'"vosoidveos Ir
;;rilr-;;;;b'ir r.*
' 'sou/trcr( fierocFls l^tnwaglrar^rndu
weJs HyJahHrlIedu.laer,
-asro.ore-'woufrelt
[a!au..(evorovoa eroxu) pxorou o,onrneHedr
euug,tr: - 4 ovr 'gt'b)rll^rl)90.0 r;A;;;;:Hdu (gp) evhndo6 -
69
- .
taa: 89
-dueor'nneudso eFrrrlra'n'norru_'xrrHaradgoerr
,€ 'ulrlrax'{dooc ,"nr"."roi:is;!ril..H,r#
goxrredg HuHrolru o-rovearrrlrxarodtrlu
gr',-mtrn{-t.aE :f;
:?^9_J f-t, AOXxruOy..?'.d xidaus'u1
HoHsHnJotrospH aHHHpsotrercrlr
'tcdoJ.e -;';;';"Hna,;-S, ;
de e-rcHflrunredi .jl
-ou '(gp 'cHd)
tedl '$/ -t"a p, e'e{odtrHr ororcxeade6
adani'du BHoH're)ror eyor.anr ecodgcovo, a***.*ro
oJoJ€ #saualr"gu .uwdrtyea
TTaJHJBJ geuedr f. ururarcdai'ro-i B'rps
ru u ryod:.p3:^:" ""nrr."Jesro
] Brsnraarngoor".nTfoduog,{dr-
I Juyoxcllodu aen,{rJ uroJea ux,(rebs BhBvoU
)HNBJHSBY iIIJOHJBUO 'II'HJ OISUJOIII'OU JA}ROH
xBIro p p
* r r H y o,H:X"3 ' '#H
eru,r,r
el "[ -i":Xf #i?*f
exoJOUHrfoJnusrnced fl b;$:
H rcnar,eyerced
,HrarnrpJ .;
j
40xcredg aHHJOrfu i!:ev
{OgJnlersrr{ead errHqrrarn)r{orrorIl u
(tV.cud) f,gJ
BH rqH'rrirlJ' Hvtsgrqdoreoep
tsrrr-jarcolraodaH,
HtreHHBvaJgo .HXBJ .H'edr x'
J HOHHBesBe .H'rode goHroaner*sey
sa'ern edsJ'ovaduvtv xe
r'{rourunrexg{d" ^ rn nuiorru xrrrrsrrf)ovos EH HBCqTBsHrsaHerc{
" " "roliouoxrreos r l" ooruol;;;ffi; n
ud1
Ztgdaxty'
.v{drcuo nn
" "
HrltreaovelrJJ'scx'rnotaruatwHHHey
:*..:3,?g.r?E#;! 3;igfff#i:Tffi **, m: ;
oo-ori., ohg---t eeHer^r
woHHarJprdu a ausexdaro"n*rrr"" alr aorfJ
-ru hr orou u{ dv ,i"nJirrga eraLced eH (egrerm
or{hor'rrov .".11y:l
-lrdeurve nroarcyadc;-l*r?angvou .."" i 4;;E so'a'rr" *rii o'BrHarr
-oed av'r-er Hnexxodou ftrxaru BHHsorf,
'rsdascor,vrpu''rqnrarJn) rJ.Ttr;vrf,vouoxdt;;; u eoxxodou rrclenree6
rH x.{veoa
itnruxnrll
7 o1r1 -{ eedgo u n ex "
":;;;;"rou s .ew/t/tx's reHosrrrro{
xodou . "oi;;;;
; i;i i6y u d) ;i;;;
'ro -"_t rJo rrrr.rE
He dr
:- rr>rxodou scrorererdij;; rJ;J6r;;-;; .orsruudr u rar' r{or}r
forprrrreu.,{rcor.!]!{o3oroa HoiiaH'rotrog
-HspveHuarvutdrrHov 1oro""or1"oi#n,aarrnor) orarnorfdri
rr rrogJdr;J-;;;il;;?y;;;6l4H 1n,.,
(aoaarcoVoa),aocodgcoYos
. HorrJ{H}rHaJJudU.g
t ag-trnruundl
IL .(ra g1-_Ep
pnztrfv'Bir ira gg:rp)
i r 1 g : a p -.r*otrortrou
sirunlo s ex,{rdos
o.roxrxegde;, zr5dgroro"--' g-n"rin-r,,u.rnred- J sredodrfir
r:$ .JHd
oH*legoJo 'ottlhv'tdrcHo>t xH BBsrqEolrJogo'orcrcoHy<oclorro *q"f
..^*111:. "*7 e qrravod'i#
----_-!--=_v+
arcgo
;:*:H,:li "J,lj,
d.rc.'teuur ororsBHHaHe y; - ;,, ni" o" g .esase oreH
:,ilhr"ou nrceui; il; " 5t,
x HH.ra,; r;T---
u uo1? ii;
ta-r
.; ;y"Tni,, ooo iE
;?X"#: f l\,:
xHxoStcs udu","j
.roterose 1 orah eHI r it" " ;; ; ; ;; ii *":ff#l.Fu ---:>-
a'Pl
: :::: :d o"rri"n6il-;;"Jrilni',uJf"un:'T1ft3-#.
l J
-HsBv BJHamsHseed
ud'a os 'H'helilae>r{au ft uuve.,.cs ;xcror
auE_
' _f
-oro'
f;ffi"eHX;ii - " s^'-, ur *}'o#; ;;'r"r, d nrsHueyor rreEH r{rsd€,
u [gt' ;r^o{:,r
z,g,6]:xey oH" erc,txro,,H;;;;; u; ;";;;; IHJ#",irT#f,'
i,l'";1",1"Ji^1,:'-'::.:,il::11u,roa"yedlx*,;i";'.niio""Jr.oy",,"r"E
xrsHdor.edosu'x,nHHoHroor^*"i#;;",;#3n,rnh'rroail#|'ff
*:-n: lf,?Ii"t€..
-rr
_,",
:,,l""ot
orh er' sBy ffl
dry.:1n
y a enf ?l-{ 1o ern9ooa ogHIr esx' ov sHeode s, iigF
"
""f > rc e 4, uri, ; ;, ;;;r" ;; ;;;r";:Ll :
,
'r''nsdxaa
u r^,
ui^,,,,- ^'):Ya-rc'xrcvdasr
c
u,i'ou"r udu n, .""" Narnor eyHnrBr o.
(a! 'cud)s-nf nv's HHnBrn nn"
" *"?tJffi;ff;,Jl"t;;
I
:JJ:.',:'':P: 9",:f ::T.:lT^i1qu Hrer E)rrmud ",.", n, u-r (aarnor{ dsr H
g-n1 ul/u'
;;#:;$JiJ;i'TJi{"j
HaHIIETH'?' f, uararuxaleud u.{araruuarnrzd ,gararfif,BJ
e,HeHannd-i
'{unaxdd_ooc
xrsHvc,{uoduovoasoJHeruerexarr{dy xndoror
H ax()IVJ e'auJdeHe'BoIreJHJ?J
sourJ xarfdv Bty H ua'e'rtudu q.r.r
Jalrorlr yolew gnnuefi .dxy
uaHamcHan
:8'0 Z'g_=sx-y Hdu rrrual, oJemgeHcreV .Beslrugoy orrxonr gn.r.cd5
-eeV -oJonHemFrgouHrf,gr -ro xrcHvoxrss segrcf ruuarlrtdxJ Ne
-9o En enfdxes qrJur.go
s
'l(U '8'0-2,0 oV
rcvos
rrovos[ou r nrrldarie -oJehl oJore l,Z c dy orrrrr", e
UTaJHJBJPnax] -gt .Jrfd. oalreuerrrEd1 rb,g: *"p1t:rri
13r.lcdaaio xrcHYoxrqs ;" xnuYoxd
sodJ.ar^rBllVualramolrJoof,
'uHnBJegBtr
4a rcodoxe xF ""unon^;;;6
rHqrB r^l rrJxB
olrog s HHex( or ouced - ar qdorox,gurcda
-.t o xtcHvoxr.Is xar xgsJ.c{ ,no;;;;-;
:Jeurgrou BHfruJngay
aenfire
" nore g ',. .(olrarrte.r
,(naHl/adr x HJrr.ltr
-ostrou xfreog) .pltHusJ
. r-
t(g! 'cHd) xxu_Bd.rxrsrsoxog ,u""^, tH lrurrernJuJ rrretrolg -t? .JHd
.rtxus dHoe s Hr.rJ.cdasJoBcxulnoumgo
^f,luarcuc eedah qJarBsevou uuvdl-Y
-o9orr Bn
HaHarrgeV xnHqraluxorforJ rt
-os_.sa BVosruoreHdIf .(96..cud) uu
.-_-,
erar'J'r tsHouadaaodu i
orr'g evoraw oJor€ ."""i's^'ri;u
-BS OJOHqTfBWHJ)iBhr
Hor
r;;];;ril
r n l u r g r H a s de Ho
-trnrrlrn -. rlu. - -
-Hoahu.L'sev H rIry B'Hamqlrbn^{ B B H U t s O Sr C r a v v g B . H H S O-Lr.g
lrovorar,rnFrHs,r}r++e
r-ruxara uts xr<tHHay(flxoi rururgd .s nYoa trriuyo g
'souHJ
Drr'1&tl,
xnr{dtr BerarHJBr rrV u uJrrJ
'anudu rev(ohryoran ror€ .oraeode
-oHrou soJrruo xrsHdoredogur ;il;;;;-r-r-r-;;;llr^n", o",
nHnHUvOUUruffxes fHoe a (r-ranaru
-eJ uHHahaJ Bsareyunuyelnoru
'.Hhrvou'eltoxredorousoraf wdrA nrcodoyc gau7adc outron"e,
oHsraiircoHro)r*fvio"-i1ol_p.en
tj
.ToI,(HTDJ{f,
FIHaTJ Jo HeI.aJEJ BJ u e s H H a x d d o o c
erEraouog EyJOx 'BHlrnulradJ-BXJOTJ
ahuox u 3H FlHex{oroueud- rrrJg ZL
-lrHo r -daaoJ, ,rrheedgo '8L6t '9L
'BQeqg -"'t"eu ilrHr:iuGU 'XUlafadgOgg oLvr all '<uxaHt
N q
.$HJIqt, !4 e aHH
'suHeradgoer,l.rr'r.Fi
oJh 3)loll ofill'Ivoxgoell 'ohtuvtts 'eunrtrc ::-lHer.mmltodu
re{rlJodJ.a{
o.taHlr(Hr{ oe{r'JodJ.a{
wou.r,ad.xuoxnoyy(By , r^oaa =* aarnncB.I
aarnrce.1.r
.L .w
tv 6A['trHrrJ'raV
r'n
xFr :+: "rr,.,--^llj,9>,-996t8t Jf,ffi,
"";;;'JJ"|?',.flnul,f
: :g ; "'""J* I#:.?;:..:::_Y:g?-', * e r a)r(ow)rosoHourio)r<<
" " "il;il auaJ.cr{rJo
l""J;i;:3X'#:::- xHHhHrr ed I'lclu ucru lilHsode
HretByou
::,,.y.::: d, goHuonneJrrsey
ffi
,]
, 6"6",o
_odoyo * r-n" ooA H
"r"""ii'"""rI'uBo
, " ovr A , - ! : \ t u . - ( kv r t yo - ' " " " 1i n, x*r : )
;$:?XiT,',?;*:Tf
'',['nIIn
;ff fl;:ffi;i##"?;"lfi
9..-::g:ifjlY|f l
"f;3#;,::iffi il;; ;:;;:H T:o;' ff#$#J:;
";].,: j:.T'" ?"11,,,:"-T#;1#'#J,:.i,ffi:r"?.iiff
# gXT"
-Hs'e
v Br{"rs
H Esoya
xi::::^;-ir,
nccu";;#:#T3##f^X,1 f",:*1
.,o,,_o,Tt.l,t
; ; ;;" ",J
: ;;r#l# ir::; ;rlitf ti 3ff ;:ff^'
":il:9;;;;'6iil";.;;J#?"!il$f
-olro'rqs x'HHo'rorur{ .nodo"rue
s -6t'csd uu u"'f'11,)r"9::l"JJJ"*J#'""ff
xrcdoro"""'iJ;J;,#
#
'[LL '?,1'6yf
::,:1,","!X:*"" :; :: i,T I *i
gwyrx.{drcsoy i.q.^,ou"-',u"Y#,ii"
".;-;, * :' ; ; ;; ffi
,rrooi
i i d,q,;;,i;;
iil;"""""'#:J#
urevs Brror'xd^;; uvoroyo" BriHorrersrrrph $
*iT,?,1*.TIq:"-:ro "J "#"r'r"#;"rl v
or{ s uadamcud rJerrorBHnouBs .Hr,u
sr.codo", ;;;;; -s
F s
(4
c
dJxanr enased.r BH xsasorc,{ 'rHHdlfe tr:€-i-::
:t_#,"j::?.",.T]-o}l_r.1y.d,"
-ad'o Hdu ncaarnor^ee ",;;;;;,-€=
dgo'n rexeq,art*r-"orrn"rn"ny.Byorrou
ItoJcehl Bs oHHasrcvedcouall BHHehac ;" ;ffi F. s
oJO rngadn'mtuo
'ordsrsrcovolO"sruxorrE
-ohl
:"t;i"1".";*,11T,,(*t:?l-:.
aHHeholIrxJHea aoHlrou
y1-l.ryr*"^"*ru ciioe .r.ax-,g::
HtH l.rHeodeHouuollhBJH'py ,r"oui"r*u"J.t*l
.(.u .r H sosof
rm xnuvoxoy{c
;:T:.ir:j1l_r_.o1adrcarn,{.r .;;;;.,ii:;F,
n a'riu c H dosJ.ee'de n lrdu eu uusrarn ny{dr
) eE.u .;il;
vH ;o""" . A r
exdvsos r^ovos-vouganeod.: tl
-doues s sJttYoxruodu ^ t^o"riu;;;;;;"u9sdo9 """-oi'F
H er^rpr}r{adrto'F_ (n
*"r."r.rrEgo oH)r(rov sorueruay6oua arrrrr-u.*= lr.
-areoHruedogree
you-r"r"uri;;; ,;;;Yi"ffiTr"ri"rT"Tlr'.'i"t T
ll)
,El
xo,eJ.f, A ryar.rurgo xHXBr eHHEy,"WSX Hu,$n'hprHu*x
r-filrJErfgo eHHeso€edgo anrnushorllr)H rqrHer{are xH fi ndaruuy
'urraJuJ'B.l nuau
ltah aeHew aH )oHeJJ xt{J€ Jo HnHgorcced riuu durn /,0 F'
ex qJuJErroured oHee dgooi
,vuvu&vrr' lUH.g; \
-aJJ Xrsrsoxog -: l.rd(,J..rn,
_3,"i1,:J^11Te-Yj,:J.'.,.1:11.."0_:sreoreHx"""rtsodnrii;;;;i';;;:+ -}[
f { " c - = '</
Huuavxadsou xrcrrrHoHrrBJHSBX
AHHBX(egsHog . r ilg' I l't. n
ra
(v|,'o: '[zg'g.gJ d"Y/Y:El ii. r,
' du) rogovoa oJorrHorrvBrr orHrode olr{rro,rr'u nf,1r"r#"tff#;r;
-UOIfOJI{JBJ
r.BHtOHH BaIfeJB>re.lCed
AljigS. I.;:'
xHhlBf, HHsode Ar,rs I rr,(rln 3^rrr'^rr ^,,ft,d6^hr,^,, r ./--.-={ii
oo"^-
:H5::":::^I1,T::,::.1-{'-1119r'tcro
- f l n f r p t t d v ' r r E h - ^ v ^ - - ^ ^ - - - - r \ ,
"il
",";;;;;;; ;-:i"on= ;lffiX'oH,
;;,rffi;;'Jlu""'til"q+ oJorrHoueodeea
e> ' B H or eg
-doueu s xBHrrBsoverccu du)
oruso
il:H:T,"# .ff;;il""ffi:f nu", << o, -
'tcHlrHvoss'odug '6G'cud I de o,n"*,onr,;ffi;; ;? i"";,; '.:,
.garerHJBJ uneodi - uol r H n l r r r n , , , t - - I 1 I a JH JB J Y ' 6I ' g
-ueder^"",.oiffi
eri xrqHH'r'xou "1T+
Brry.fi--*""
'0ti0 ?"#"?J,'"J;i#:?THffi
eaHor^r
eH noHorrr{ b aehfn wor€ nuiuuouns qrFrq -oE UH'dalrHdueu)
xelrot-* ;#;i,t'#"T""'.?"T$t
u-,ir;,.otr;, n^*^ees'edJ, r,r,-',n^"r.r*dxou
oxeuvg'g'62'esd" es a*HHavag,du.ararur.:., -oHHoHhBJHsBx c HHIIpJehoJs HlreJ?xeJrrd
Ll,tt..'trT:9i,lr:oxdas -HJ,J e'rpr sr'rraw'du n Hrral'rrernced "^rr"ro"" .H'er
'xpxsolrB.r.cf nrrcne"oq"r;;#?,og r-el*or4r,ow''oy[_
;i-ic':"d^"ffi';
##il: xHtHOU'uJ.HSn" o-ornnode
N.H HNBHHESOVETJJH orr(HIToHhBJHSUX
HNTIUN,'U"N,U"'N"NM,,,
XIiIHHA'JJIESJO BVTI
'lg^{g_':a
g" ?doatB€ oror,
-9L :€ """
rlorn ed anex _ s
k::%Y,,::j:l1l'."."*"{
",-"i.,'"".h;"#f;"-_Tfi"'I;Ifr:g:f;i:::"""3,$j:::3.ilsi;,"""!'l ----"'vvc!
r'r {an*nsirarus
"'F;# ;;";ff;,"";{1'llf"3"T|"1T::*:}.,*".:r1t_us - rv
rtrteuf.rrf YH,E-( l
-ad 4nHHoueodeeag_ ";:%; r edogree o JoHrHantJaJ o.roHrudgo
4alnoresHheuf,ago'exo.r.ouIr Hnedr rswdo{ r3o>rur. :S r.f,d ^rr ,.r _r _ edanel.
der, r rudg'sr lHaVxeduou x H qJJoHcBuo or .{ mcHar^ lH eHJoresuheucago:;$ HuHro.Ltled Bu Byosotfos
ffiji'""j:.""",rT;#;J": xahr{drulox
tr'rrdHm ^"rrr"r'""'''drPa[
*kn;gri"""."",i;H"r?::ir"{,j::"_:iTj'""i::;;;" B-nerJ-a.:neeu ro Uiir";,
-edgo
'edgo 'xoeeu
'xoeeu ge ')-1p izrgz'o<6'q
eHdoJ. ox'gunxr {dr JHo}r nlrdof i eHxEJ c resHdrul rcrtyedu onnV ox;f H^al'err
Hrralue1J rll""'-ttwu ootot""io.,-iar+ev
{oroJFrs douaripav .1a,{i
re,(E
-r,J"" ,rrn*rrrarr,",
"r,n''.ar.,,^, r.'"-o]'lttt-ll-":rn,'zFg|'ga|v,
_- goaHlsHHaHr or urt urc oHs edurHaH Bg- rH xer 'ar odu B H H eaoH xuH eou.l l * ]#"",i:,:,t;*:1^.,1".,:*i;;,;;;"#;r,,',rnorBu
"- " 'rin.o,-";;::J"Hll#""."#;
"]
Jo tlut-ttvdvr xuTnexarVeu JeH uV.roy Hvu '(uwurauanrorur( ulnrsnr*;i- to lrrBVg
:",:--1 "?^u:H
Hlrlr
ur.rrser
;*"Hffi nlt#ti- i"J
.;:"1:Ji.i"],:""?;"J'i:fi
",","':i",y:^"11::::.,1.r*J*,ilffi
,1:3fpanerrgio ;'ffi'j;
-asreedu,( c tcdoarue) udosree rrJogBd ersrHHed.r.omcdvadu.f. il;;;;;;;": Hffi;J#L#irt
'sl.lseuJoru,{ e.adehHxheJodu .LsVoxcuodu 4omexJ ',//,/Y././.2,.- wax3'8t .JHd
eYJox 'xsendrc g 'g3'g .=
'udosrec auuaFl?hrJ ao:rhacaubu ao;l
-x{ottEos-v :r\arrrelrrouu.( rou qtam HtrnBrertrurve s rcHxoneoe orrqrienrrJrBfir-JxBtl?
:("x"^a-V)6)tq ou 'nrnilarrudgoor lrrqlriruvdrlnrrox. ou aou)roncos oilsrBrtMHHn-tq
1"09<o iy1,-(y*tt1*tl)<S i%<'tt :tlt>t lV<r1 :(xosaD ro flrctrs BrreBrllsmBsHtlnBr
-ieex sriurgo) ruHauroruf, oroaoxdag- o.ro:rlirculirdae rrrlrs{dnrov renadvHarrtouad-g
illl'ern er irlranar€ oJaErotBluonu,( (Hrucqslr) atroxne'no$['ou udu! Hueode Enoc_-g
jutreode icdosres o_Jo:trr19]iJeJ
UoHttol|hBI|teur !qrroE-t lrlranare IqrftorBrrrot'u[-t
asrastoruf
asrasroruf 'aanxdas
'aanxdas aosqru.?lrogrdoJ-e i(oHgoultr nltcgs:iou'ttilt
aosqru.?lrogrdor-z :(oHsoil-rtr nlrcgs:.iou rtttltv{doxor) r) EdosrEE oroll
edosrec oJorl
-rnarrJaf, ttrr{ oJon)oru eriuauroru,{ eoeoxdae aousre-!nrdas-f :Bnn:r{drJrro:t uetthngo-tl
'JHd
eodogree BlrHaHrorflJA 'O?
q_q<-e_Q._
--'--:.-
c-' c -9 J:4NHD
(,
(c>
Y
'H h=
l!BSJJYadT trnrlrycehHHxar HNrq
'odu oHhoruJJbY uandrou 'orusedu
vuv 'sr.rsg'Jay<on JxeOOe HHWI
-oxgoaH orh 'qJBYxdasrd JorBrostou HHnBJe/truJve u gHHBsoye
aHHHB-YBcauTngahtnex(l( oxBHVO 'HHHamodxrqwaeNrrHHduuHHBsoHiS
-o9o -oJoHqral,BhHoyo urrv BtrHBsotrerJJH eFrrrqrBHlra[c qJHvosodus
LL
'(r' :i:1", l Buuehererrrehd uurr,.f,)_
ost -r) f,eJ ud{'rH14HHtttorrr.r].-q
-a?la*pr Ncr.trH).rraHud.r
sodosr'e xnmoti(dsr'i'rad os j j*:- ",i,gllo-"'"5f
-birsr'earn/tco B 'orHaercia"sroor,"'jjo,,t"nuil oroyrHrrrler""y$ I:,: :$11#41" 1
*"s'r';a; .v.:r ;;l;p, s or'rri ! v \ Y'l'Ir sG'r-'t1141_- -'nir'rJv,
-"
;;l-';;;1.r :.F;:;;;1,;uoh
rvosrc'osov,{rr" 'ou_ ucrer'3-odrn".iow, -H * on""r"y .s .u* anr
:!i;\;v;]$1,:t:z:w
(3"';[f;[;;i:ffi;#':::r;:x?;:f *'v i,nrzfii"
sxr nsB"6var"cca }lrerog.edse4 -'13::ggtj""eagf
p
en .:vio'I
a'.r.
'Iev] a srrexday'; ,fl, so'
*e orrr"i6r
o yn,, e 5*n"oqXl"l,lil:J::?:.l1 onur) Hrh pr Hsr.
"
,tin'Jr-rt. r,i'"",n"av{oryadu noo'oronrg , :?:o J nHH"J#fl*) py .;;r
r .*{. " diiii^",i"1'"r,,"#:: uuf T
J BooBrPt udanuy
*l:{ " 'oq:_ rrt*d5, :1
--i-- - rr
qr , -haus ago Hr Jonavoxgoau
Hdu_EvO SoVoa
tgroz-Q
o,r oHdoupHrH avox* s eB {
eodosrer arsouB'{ uf,u #*o^ gg .cud phraxJ .,:$
""nr",rb*lro"ur"" .+
o
-Ee-
r sors.,txr*rr'degprrrr .gaen.,{rc .r.*,of:Jj;3;"0ilX5:;i
-lIHBXeI^l avsd
Ltoxcvoaee c sodosrub lqdawe>l'renyr(d-ituo"5ur6.a^
"
-rrarn'{co (as'clld srrla i,
on ewaxf, a o'uagoco) }'srH}Kowros scJauarseexo'_f gz'o
u
'w ladan, -xtsoolrBH*J,
Itdu :L1"_i::,:yj:
::i, rccrHtrawH ,r::*: 1du 00?,-ov \'orl']6ux
Lraur.recrxuu
ou .xudoues*i.
,; ."^Y:r::..:-::']
wovosvou,n,'iou#::il-f,X;tf,r'"ll,Tffi lq
H"[it,?;n"?"1l".'*;;*F
:[i0""";T;;;'^;;;, ndoeiuot try1
.;j^"J""#;i:jir""S,f.",:.r,:,:::,^i:i
:"o"or:r slrHuaodHdsaHel,i
B,u\rrrrl
*uoq^,";- ",.;#ffi
;#ff;d"#?.;##
I'j3lT:1':jjl^:,:?
evvsdousodoueH^J::,_q.g"
ov eHesovnanioyad
suig ;#ffi
;;1 ju' ^ n,l
ffii";i"^#r'g
qrro
i :lh*:";::j
Hx{or^r aHrrrorBh :llrn g. y, rrrr r i r.y Harr'rreo B,HEsorJooi
so :,:,*'i,l:.11
s orrr' y
rH da fi u * ro JoL, ;; ; r^i";r" ; ; fi ;;;#H,
" Buq6F
arr
.?#";:?9""1T':,1'ff
HB_s 1,1::31r,";;;;".;;;."HHneL,sByBarf,
osedgo nraernudsrovadr ; ; ; ;; ; ;;'; ;';;";
+;;
du.LHeder H.,X:
fi :il,yrgf
:l9J_ du nfa *, odu aodosr pr rsda p.ffo
w
e>,{
HH"f):j:j^ ": : fi
nuo"ovoIIH : ig:}]1i'^1
"
i; f " lI;,.Jffj""#::i1"
i;i ; j:# LI
:Xj::""jt;,1Pj,.:::il1"I-r €Frrrr,rorr.*o."ou i$;
li' ,^o*,{veosc xrraecex,.
;;;;;;;oson'reo
,";';#"TilJ:iT3:H
-:'jl,j,fjjl :':*:::,li
orBr eIrHdu' s- HarrPh xrcHi"_d"",,d ^ri . HrHH y *r,rft
verx t ;" or; u' r n#Jt"J" ";fril,i'iJ#:a
r"in:1i,::::. 'f1 " " .
)r x,rrror'lrrcruadu :+,:
lF J" "r,, " rreorh BvoBovos BerrBh f nrafi
:: fuf sdosie;
;,rd-.6
""
-ovou onruvoxsoaH
;;"r;il:;;il
'dnronravn s#i"*i6fil
oHHamdasoo , ;;-:;."di,lo61 B,'o orl =tt
aa'oq;,,
*jTjj,:j::g:',;;;;;'";,.dasou
anuxa d nroH " x exfvaos wovostror;n,;
doueHre9 s udoare;-;"tBosoeHH
;; ;; ;*, J;r"Y; o;" "r?:i ";'-#.
-HoHnEJ Hs ell BJJor
uJdasvou a,oto r nv . ur, ^- - -,,^,:3^":,::ii3'tos Ttg
-6/
-j -sJ
(r)
-(5
f$
-s q3
s--
(>)
\l
r
_a _(5
h.)-
ql +\-
rJ
-R-
\)
li
o = € :
g r:, X. .s
(C
:,W^
c^ o)
.Q q \.'\\\
(,l \-'i
o,
s -\ i!)
(t s
+\ \ -9 -a J5 s?>
F 6 +\- CO >-
(r) '\) t-t vt
_a U'
a\-f (-'t -cJ sr
E:3t trs cr
-\\ h
trl q
\ .G
a o Vr z] ;r* S
I
t\)
>.1 D r S = (aj
| (') tt t
: ! r . . - 5; a F xtt
'(J!l
r l l ; l a h \ P ,K cr
F .
\ (,{ E . r 5: ? >FsIN2ot ,, t Al l
t9
-rI
-\
o \ 1 3 ra jol F = ' i h I e .b cI
+ O -
r E r
s F i- -i =, i !(r '
i- oE
---,. x
'O
O
o Fl l ) - '
t1
o n| ?.
$ 5pJ l l l l
r + : 6 :c c)
\) E l l o 5 3i l'a I q(
q( :r i<
*ix ts
=c.1 ts -t, lr; ir
(/)(D
or,. o oro
tl
i Ee I t)r
cr! I trr, at
ei; g ?tl (D fD D (( q o -
.!)
3
3 II
F iE x r t', g =. 9
E
t! )t:
*F g o
o $
1
=o tt I F .
L
1c2- o I L 615 =
€-3
9 + ; I s - t o O
I E
E l s 3 r
(
t D
D Dxo rI
Ia, ' I
< o s )
D
D =€ D)
Gr-il
! -l
!
-- t o
tt
{c
II oP
, E*.sl
: !
ESi ;( ' -E
t1
=.- $ o
x ! x ' rtf
BSS ^F€(< 'cf !qo
E - it c , a6t q s
r:9F x * 3
et, ; c;c cJ
+'F
.s; s
?rs 1JF ET
l8
. !.#.
:.1:,1Tgol_"_{"tg suHlnHHs Bxorou rrr{Haharcn
-:.1T31-r9__nJ_nrr ndu qmrrrr rcrady ,H
?r€ r{ -'evosoyosoreTrryo"ro o*rotrn" ;ro^;;,#
-nrandusrevsoc rcraevd au
'dnoleog 'H.{d.r.c erngoo*n'.;;i-r^.*,
ytrv .d";;;il['F:
ulteltdo_Q HwrsrHHEre;'r
c HHsJf,resr-ooJ s rcsred.H .
-Hgrc8.,ex{}rBr
rsHxrov'daruex x'r^re's,drerucced roro;",*"In -,#f
rruHahoc
rsca'.rrrJ
, "o-,r.;;O".Fl f g ii
"fl?;iil"i"y,?i?:"_":,r^t:lTs " "^o"O * F
;?i:J"n .;fitil
.;'#[n^"
-raevr{ a Hdar{ex )roHeJJ "#i;xJ#," * *:':Jil;H]'"JJ3J'? ,,#Jfe,tr **
Huuerdano n
nHHBJehO)JahS BA OHHawH 'daruerx"rrno,i"=r"r""roo,
"rrnoi"=r"r""roo,
xHJ€ XeXardah Brr f-f-\
-orE HvJehI{JpHrexJ 'u.(dre
uroouxdaeou gcHrogouc rvnr,
-goeosJ rsHdarvedex sodosJBS
dalruy *rn""r,rrHnadau x
.v fu- g,
t|: I 97:9-6 i g g,r:, g :Hg(sr
!o0I:9 :.gc:d !og1:6-p L,
:Btroso'os oJalnryoaro
-:"g:ug Wgi,i:"s-,orl=
uilnedee Bw trosox{rreos
laullr)or soueruod) erof,Frs B)rrorou n eooor>rJr6ai'-ir urtr
-urrro@ rnl raxe<|ro
r rr nOorr ar,.q-,Ji" lrocllrlor_p
-!'err cr dogecoxdrcoe_r !.rodou-r,o" ""irn-.rr Hbprou Bri.E
n
trr{sspu pg w "iiirb"
r { g s p u ee au'arlHmrprl
waruladumred rrrnorDo n,^.,i.^*
rI rudosree.o:olror,, ,gl _i,Ff
cudlrcx _ig _rnd -B
nE^ S
lc!
Elt
-s
s9-
$
s ts
\,

\
f
W
-eveocrrreBrr{rcoy gffX
xseh^;915r}'*
bdosrgg
bdosr.ee Arnxrq
amFrs vru\'rDrrrdb'
r"n:,l1rr:: 5
I
!;_lil"tn"ro" annarnedarovadg '..l EJ;€S F o
-F
-sE ' ! -'
F€F F * .S -*
arar
-oIIorYxew -,^..^,_Tiqii
eia'odu) d"''i:T,XH,ffi S t\) i l t +'
edoarse "",ffi1T;j,:#'""t#^,olH f*\
""a""ou';.;;;;lr"i"iil,:"tffiiffi
oJo+IqIrerpIhEHtJehc ee aobeu gened.r
xHHvee owHr4rufdrc gonrHi
rHe'des
;1[i'"j] T:: g: : : ?:?":.1
B'oHHemhd'{ 2: : je.i;; i il;;; u,"o.
ovi'ovDeH
*,; il ;: hrreo
., ""
-ou sodoues otr sresovHaruoxad Hogo) ra''s'rJvadu 0o;;;;;
ori"io^ ol?o..o" ,yg .trid Br4rex]
uddrcedosr.e
eHSareEHHxHH a aaoodsro
"l"l"l*i"-",t-:"_1T::,?1?:lq._nornqro9
e vou-sHgarnorexarn n,ol;;.;;;ffi; ilffi;36
"',
.+*,
::&
88
.s *;
rE
-xarSav
#t x'Hrrr'J_lroeHdor ed
HriH'sorsrroui, urt,, ._^ .^__
?::_,11
${ ff:?T'"d,
_.9: -V't'u)
-v'g'u)
1;;-ffifiJ#::T::}:J$H rrs;,ndeHHayasadr
adoal" a)r<*.,,1 ,r,h,.--^
adoalJ nI
Hox s oa.r.cu9dr"f ^orli.,uyHerr c
r,.cfd
""rr"i.ns
vBy Hyaon",.go go"r,.rir-""
pvox
{ EuHahauf,ego gboi^ ,i""""r"e$6e
soyf,eharr'p.,, n;i',l,ffi
e,T... o
-anredxnr€ 3 j li',,X#;i##; I ".,;;
:i::ri""" ;rt3;1*o^.o" u"#
;d#XJilh'ilf
*f h"iffi'vad;;";ii",'{ffi1f
-one,(ea - "'Jlrro.n,
Xf":'i-:;",'"""3i '
dJ;i :X#:5 "uri | *r"rr"of ?i""lfi
"oirro"*oesou
r{a'HpsoeqrourH',o.ioiti#ttXHX*flar
"^"J;ff'
l.lcaf e)-o"'y"."r'eb"";;[r"ii"*i""ilr'|"::_1onffi
o:osdoupHoxof,rqa
udaney .gg .raa :6,ryU?'r;1.:.ri5';=;,ru*i+*
-yBhl f.eglfayeqtIO
- punrrv -,^ -_
aHurV PH BJHeIn( [axf, BII oHeeey{
1,y31,.rrl-
_=--__-r
B bII
HIIH oJoJ HJJoI,\rH,Lc{uoy
a'lueHe HHaIrarJ
UrcHcteHDaUc^"Oo*"goan
,
:pr }relflszosJ.o
-uouox{veos s- EsJJrrBd.r.coduo
arusfor"
"^ii"u?o, "
JroN rqJHaruarra
,I.elr(xBJ e .erogc
I (/'o+g'o) eyvsdou -"i
H-9
i"^'..^
Bou) (orouHarcndu)
-sarcadu) x*HHo{aduo:ouHovadu u-anedeu.Bxgr.ouBeJf,Qdoxc
o*.-,'"rranr_{ (xnd
adu 'arcon'lcen o"rr;n , (us=og .eud) xer{axD
;"d;rJr'*o"oou""o"ocrs1
") xe$e,rr'lr B .ga.g
-erc{.,a{yarcy.I{ i
-os*rs
I:: ugoau,. * ^?XH:;:it:$"
ffi:il'^,,llHfi
r, y1ed.,codueoHtros
rs'xror-'.rodou
f :fl?'fl1x|;Irl,;#:;;)*
ro*i T11T_a
*iv-:#i"*;l## rpHs atstwy
.il#""f"y,i#rJ"
6) cHH.N(aer cKopocrr.r y Asa. H creHori, rrp'qeM
3a Ka)ffAbrM 3re-
MeHr'M r.rrepoxoBaTocTr{ o6pasyercfi agpHpoBaH.Hafl orpbrBHafl30rra; L K..rBHrAuHo
HHhtf cronKocrb BETOHOBH 3Alr{HTHbtXnoKPbrT}tH
a) o6ecneqnBaer yAoBneruopnt"ro*yo ur,Paunn sorr orpbrBa BHe cxopocrr n- naxydanlxorHrrfi _ nepnoA KaBHTaqHoHHoro pa3pyrueHns
noroKa or 3neMeHToBHcKyccrBeHrroftuepoxoBarocrn Ha '
creHKax 6ea 6eroHos
cneuHanbHoro noABoAa BOsAyxa 3a'3TH 3JreMeHTbr, T. e. He[ocpeA- { -1. K asaraq aoHHoe pa3pyr r r eHne 6er ouos o6uqno npoHcxoAhr
crBeHHo H3 HaAcrpyfirroro npocrparrcrBa;
T e q e H H er r e 3 H a q H T e . , l b H o r o n e p H o A a B p e M e r r H c M o M e H T a H a q a n a
r) no3BoJlfler n dnpeAeneuuoft Mepe ynpaBJrflro cpoprvroft,none- eircraHqpa3pyr.uarc{r{ux craAnft r(aBHT.aqan.
peqHoro cesellHfl_TpaHsHTIlorofloroKa Ha BbrxoAe ils xanepbr.3arBo- O4HaKo ou{yrHMoe no-
pex.leHHe6eroHa 3a.KparKoe BpeMfl npoHcxoAHrJrHr.ubnpH AocrH-
poB B orBoAflu{Hft soAonoA.
Ta6nu4a 13
S.nervresru uepoxoBarocrH Aonx{nH BbrnoJrHsrbcrrH3
craJlH rr lloporoaue cropo_c_rrr Arg 6eroHoB nprr p;;;;l;il;
Ha.a,elKHocBapnBarbcfl co craJrbrroft ofnuLtosrofi. 3oHar !fl:"_yl
orp.bJBaro- BO3AyXOCO,qepN(aHHflX BOAbI
.
or AoHHbrx sneMeH.ToBrxepoxoBa rocra rreo6,x-o.E
Hrr,ro
rrp npo" rro
ToKa Mapra 6erona
cfieuHaJIbHO,AJlfl qero yKa3arrrtbleSJIeMeHTbr rra AHe H CTeFrKaxBbr_
NO.'IHfl TOTCff ilYCTOTCJIbIMH - -{n
C OTBCPCTHflM T7- AJIN BbINYCKA BO3AYXA
B soHy orpblBa noroKa- Ue.necoo6pasrroBo Mrrornx cnyqanx
cor{erarb 0,0 .7,5
3JIeMeHTbIlrcKyccrBeunoti uepoxoBarocrlr c roplr3onTarbr{brMH 13, 0 17,5 22,O
Ae- 4,o 14,0 20,0 24,0 28,5
- Q aer r opa M u . . 8,0 22,0 27,5 32,0
B K a l r(Ao M Ko H Kp e rH o Mc J ty q a e , B [peA b.A o H aK o[JreH H fl
ofi brr_
HbIx Aa HHbIX,nOJIe3tloyroti HflTb 3KCIIepHMer{TaJIbr:ro xapa KTeptIcrHKll eHrfltnoroKoM noporoBbrx cKopocreft Vnop.[ I pn cxopocr f lx, M eHb-
.- ujepoxoBarocrH (AUCOTOTSJreMeHTOB,yFJrbr, paccrof HHe Mexqy Itr, qeM Vnup, 6erog MolKer, [o-BHAHMorrl],AOCTaTOqHO AOJT|O CO-
sJIeMeHTaMH, a raKx(e AnlIIty yqacrKa, ria rcbropoM ycralraBJrutBaercfl porlrB.lfrbcfl r(a B HTar{HoHHbrM BO3AefrCrsHqu. Hcc.neAoBaHH f sTOrO
uepoxoBarocrb)' B ToM q,c'fle c Boc[poH3BeAeHHeMKaBHTarrHoHHbrx n p o c a c p a B H H T e J T b H Or r e M H O I O r I H C - [ e r l H b I .
ycnonafr rta MoAeJrH. B ra6.n. 13 .u Ha
3.29. Kauepol 3arBopoB, HCKJrroqgroulge
; '\
Bo3MolKHocrbo6pasona_ 56 no A aHHbr M S
- n.. -- q>-
uus. adnacreli KaBHTar{HH B c.ny'vae6esHanop,roro llCa fsaporpoeKra
H3-noI $
. 3ar B opa, Mo ry T 6 U rs p e a n r.rs o s a H urH npH cerMeH "irauun""
Trrbrx3arB opa.\, pHBOInTCfi 3Harre'- ci
a He r oJ r b Ko n n o c K H .LT a Xn e Ka Me pbr.A nfl 3arB opoB c H anopaMH
nO-
Vnop npH pa3- il t l
pffAKa 200 u, B npnguHne, MaJIoqeM orJrrrqarorcf,or H3BecrHbrx Hsnbrx nos4yxbco- Eegonacms
rf xo- ,R
qg-o Hccne4oBaH3],-*-^1r.ep ce.Me.rrrHbrx3arBopoB Arrrr croMerpo- p)riaHHrx BoAbr, r E
B bI x Hano p o B -b o x o e u te n o n y rl a 3 u n A onr{ brenoporr{ H e3aB H cH Mo ;IYrIeHHbIe B KaBH- R
or
pa3M_epoBnepeKpHBaeMoro3arBopoM orBepcrr{fl BHnOJrrrrrorcfl taun.ouHoft r(aMepe S
'MeHee Bbr-
coroft He 0,5-0,6 u c noABoAoM Bo3Ayxa tr c o6ecner{eHr{ei\r 160X26.tut.tut
c r.tHrr_Hrr- E
aposuouHo-6eaonacHoro Hcreqer{Hff CTpyH ]f d:28 ryt.tut[68]
yrrnorHeHna (n. 3.2J). Tpa nporeqKe. t{epe3 pA H aH 6o.neepa 3py-
R
S
Eopn6a q QoHranupoBarrHeMr{ su6eroM noror{a ,,* uapuleft craAHH. Ka- I
. .r.,r,i6 ocy_
[IecrBJlrercfl ropH3orrraJrbHbrMHaee.nexropaMg. B B H TaunH ,T. e. . hpu _$
' oltn Hrpanr oqeHb AaHrroMcryqae
orBercrBeHHytopoJrb3aururbr oT rrpflMoro eo:ieir_ B: ftr. floporonue ts
cKopocTH- cyulecTBeH- 4 8 1 2 i 6 2 0 2 4 2 9
crBHfi noroKa <(rlor>> cerMeHTl{oro 3arBopa H ero onop{ Koropble, no fiopoecean cftopoclttb rn/cex
Bo3MolKHocrH,AoJr)l(Hbr6urs cMeulerrril K cepeAar{e rrpoil.era. ,HO Bo3pacraroT lrpH
B co- yBs-rnqeHHH Bo3AyXO-
orBercrByrou{r{x cryqasx qe.recoo6pa3}ro HcnonbsoBarr'e
HCKyC_ colepiliaHHff
creeHuoft uepoxoBarocrr. flepcnexiHsur,rN{ noroKa,
npH BbIcoKHXHarlopax H cerMeHTHbrx3arBopoB, "urr"ara"-np'r"""anr" qTo HafJrrAHo Ae-
rrepeKpbrBarorr{Hx
r{pyfJrbileHrrH oBanbHbreorBepcrHfl (pnj: 55)_H riuero'urui M o H c r p H p y e re Q Q e r c r -
*p"roJln_
HefiHyroHHX{Hroro r(poMKy,rak na pii br a 52, uro ;";;;;er HCKYCCTBEHHOfO BO3-
yryq-
I.IIHTb'YCJIOBHfl A3PAUHH CTPYH H AyIOHaCbIU{eHHfl npHcTeHHOrO CJIOfl.
YBCJIHqHTb AJIHHY CNO6O4HOTO EC rIO-
Jreran xauepe 3arBopa.
l3tect .H
AaJree HMeercff B BHAy o6relttroe coAeplKanae Bo3Ayxa B noroKe,
B-leiovoro TeqeHllelt B 'BHAe ny3blpbKoB. UoAep)KaH.ue.pacTRopcHHofo B BoAe 806-
s.+ A!:-\a ire ycuTHBaeTcq.
85
1"11{?i::::i:y1,:?\o!^x, B reqeHae
roropi,rx OpneHrrpoBoqHue AaHHHe fio rgreHcnBnocrn
igillo"xl;'"::*'*'j-"::ll";:;;;#;;{G:::11?J"T"JI1
lihl,1fl
pr-ruenrii
6erona,rp'BoArt""
"o fib,'osi" ,;H:fi:i;.
KaBilraqroHnofi
ruaTepHaJtoB "p_grnr
pasrtnrdux

So r,l j; J*t i:j"t:j,l:.:': :.1" T 11 1orrH9rtsposau, nor y qaeMan s n a6o


-
li";i:"il^tT:::lI:1"*l*::":::."i;*,in,iilol,i"=V\",;::";
lfnrl"6aqnonruft nepuolt (,tl - Tadnu4a 14 .rHx1'6r3aBHCrr or Qoplru o6rexaeMoro rarru]-"r, .;d
BbI3t'IBaIOU{eFO
Irop

Fff i I' i'.iT;jff 1,jp-111 1lj!! : cr(opoc


: j,T.i., r; ;;;; '.4
A.nq 6eronoe npH pa3nHqHbrx
Bo3A}xocoAepx{agdex npn
V :b .a,'cCtc! igfi*ii"::j"I:.: ;1?HT:::
j,:G:-;;"Jd;#"'"";?"?"i,itfnXffiffi :
Bor-ryxocolepxa-
Hue, J6
Mapra 6erosa
f;#:,?,:??;',',1""1r:?H:"i:*:T:",::::l$qil";#:
ilo"il".,:ff j*#"iH#;;.f"1;Tir1l,1
";iff #.^X'JJI"T"'npo"oa*.ili
.r20. ,r80"
| '.*'
0,0 0,3 0,5 1,5
ff l;t',*j;1,?,1*":f
iJ1lT1ui1i"e'6v*-^d5:a;;;;"^#J'i.
#.iltt1l.;1il{i::3fi,;:l;"j'":"ffi
-HJtH j
."i"""""J,ili:.#:,",TljiiH#f
1,5 0,s - o,g B KarlrepeBeHrypu 3a BbrcrynoM.
3,0 o,75 2,3 lu,HH
4,5 1,5 4,0
1,.3 2,2 or nocnreJfb Has KaBHTar{soHHan
u
6.0 2,2 crofi rocr
7,5 3,3 H HeKolopbrx noKp.btrnft no
4,O 7,o iaHHunr o[HToB ":1:':*'
CKE
,Mocrn4pocrari" (xaeriia[;'"'"" r{n1HHAD6M
d__Bo rt,tt, V :52 ilr";;"...:r",'. _

Ornoctrte.rrHas
Tatt-nuqa Ib KaBHTautroHHafl
IIHxy6arlroHnaril ilepuoA
Ang OeronoB npn- -----r"r
HeasprpoeaHnofi crofirocru
aoAe (V : {tO nicexi
Cra.rsB. Cr. 3
3norctr;lHo-TuoKoJr
bHoe ttoKpbrr]re
l,o
Ma;lr:r 6croaa
3noxcrr.trHoenoKpbrrHe 4,2
<Proponaac.r42jl {,1
flolnnponu.,reH o,g
PeguHa I,O
3,50 8-ro
? 4.5- opneHT,poBoqHbreAaHHo,j
1'3' llpn oqe*Ke KaB'rarrnosuolt g KaB'rarrHo'uofi Trr pflAa
-
Bep'\Hocrefto>raAaeMhre B
6esonacHocr' 6erou'ux ro- '#ff p= po,np'BoAnrcr 'ruo-ri."l6jji:"ffi1,
KaBlrrarrau "ror-r**
'#ff;T;Tl
#f ,?';:!?lv'-T,:::--"-^1o1"b'l*"ry1v;;;;;;-;;;creneH'
: 1,3
COOpyx{eHHn cKopocr' noro*u=U: ,
tr/="o
(n. 2.84-2.41)., .ae I
J-_- xoeQeau;; ;r;;;;:'oor*"o, Ta6au4a T7
cpaBHltBaTbcfi c noporoBbrMH cKopocTfiMlr. nu o,qaHHbrM onbrroB BHHHr
- "";XT"S"
nu.E. Fu'*:
E. Bereneena
::l::::r,.g:I9l9
(ra.rr;q:"^n
tiaHsue ra6-n- 13 uoryr cnyx(drn B."flil, \f :'ii,W""6
4.rur npufunuxesmofiopfleHrH_
poBriHrrpoeKrlrpoBrrrHKoBnpH nu60pe *rpo* 6erosa B napa.rrerpn 6erounu-r cueceFr I
tlp"r"n npoquocrH,

rbrra KaBrrrarrHnHeHs6ex(Ha. TexcJrysaflx, l rtcic.ut, B Bo3pacre


28 cyroK --t 0rti
B oru"r.rr.d;;-*;;;";;'reo6xo_ |
C)=
- v
€<g

r:Ill'\tonpoBoj'Tb KoHTpoJIbHbIe_ 43tr


HccJIeAoBa'Hfl. B yc,,IoBHrx,
MaJ bHon p lr 6"ra x eHHbrx x 6ylyur-r{ MaKcH_
M,ycrroBHsM sKcrrJrya r ar\Hlcoopy_
npfi pac- PEe
xenttti c 1'veiorvrox(HAaeMbrx
TRXeHlttl = i I9.3
5EE
- o

craA nfr xaeuraunl, BaAa o6rexaeuoro _ 4 .

r eJ a, B br 3 b rBa ro u { eKro
a BH ra rrH roH
, .n p. (rt. l .T_l .g). '{t0
0,35 0,10 0,2 I : 1 , 4 6: 2 , - 2 O
fI p lr u e q a rr ri e' frpu uasHatreHHrr 120 0,40 0,+0 +54 4I,4 0.006 | g.o
0,2 I z 1 , 7 2 :2 , 6 O 403
xtt'x 6eroxoe no [30; ta6n' 7ic'rre4yer
MapoK orHocureJrbHo KaBrrraquosHocrofi_ 336 0,50 0,-10 0,2 1 22,26:3,41 290
39,0 . o,ol3 | +,r
HMeTb B BHAy, rrro npfiBeAeHHbre-TaM _280 0,60 0,-10 30,5 o,o2l I z.o
cxopocreli He flBnfiroTcf noporoBbrMa 3'aqeH,fl 0,2 | :2,82:4,23 250
cKopocrgMn, o6ecnequnarculuMn 23,5 o,o54 | t
[aBrjraurioHrroir -:poslrn Bo oTcyrcTBfie
Bcex cnyrJagx nporBJrennff
o6HqHH'r r-c'roauli 3KCnJryarauHH KaBHTauHrt.OHtr AaHbI
coopyxe'Hft
Anff tA I H HHH C OO
(a oc'oB'oivf 6eaHanopu'x) AaH K A Bnr€qrroHHori
T aposa,lr-._
floryqenHr,renpn Apyrnx yero,r{ax
Becblra Trrrare'lbHOMBHnoirHeHHn nprr nrrr? ((:ulrr a IrHn
HHHTT(O C ficnbITA.
o6rexaelvrblx floBepxuocreft. crpHt(r ,rp.), re pacclrarpuna^torcrr,
]teT oAa aX] I IrccJe.l
A C
I CJ '.LOBaH l:t:t:^":u 1 flocxorbKy npH 9Tlrx
86 KaBIiraI{Htt -rtestrue coorBercrB}
gelt T Iprr
D rp IID poTor{
O T ( quoil L'l|;liori,[]"0
r er iraiypHo M Y '

87
do
t . 0o ,
s. o
I

trt
I*
q, . ' E
Q',i E
; 9 (,
,
Fr
F
i :
(
o
\o
(u
tE
.s c,
,=i : s o( :€ It :{a)
\o
. c =(g
c)
(\t
a - ! i
t ! C !
Y
S r trtL
'rt
's OE io)
,a >r
.- { F
or r '!( E t g of q)
==
x CEt (tt
ec) o.{
(, 1 ; =5 (,
: l q ' F x <t)
I. EI F. t l t : (t'(
t-
- q)s <) ; h
F
€ >rr
Glt o
, F ,
)t (o) ,tl r t co
t
d,
={F

0t o
(u=
o q
F ( J
Fc| ,R
4 ol-
, , ( t t a. R i
' < . 1 6 q) >,:l
log x (-,
E
a=
roo o.
8o
o =
o
a. . E icrl:|. l =3qJo
r lF- (
E
so
F O
.O ts
ro iJ
q)
-9
o
(!l
c)
^ . u 6 igE
rls
. o 4 G
3o
o =
Io
o O E I
o
A F
Sl ec ' El { oo
t-€
..t
ia, o
's (')a o, t(rE
- t F - '
O-C F I
S o(l) isO
g3 (u
ost tE
q ) .
E Or X EC'
(lt 33
ocJ o
d O d
A <\,, !i
l
< (au Ei; - G t
P3 qt
F 88 (u
E $ to f: !!ss FF ( O
iro
g
ss
6 O
o !H O ) cc SE ( \ '
ia
€ =
-r - tc
E.fio 5c o E{ o.
! r/)
F >
: o Ar'*
(,5 o
la
E;d xx l r
6 cc\ t i :as
to. cD ri @or E F
. F . . t (-u
lqc\tE
.
Etl
< \
}( o a
F
E
(J
E>.
FEI
.4.
x'- a (u c)
= = o !l
U E
PA EEe 5 a
F} 5i=
Et
=
o;; s
FEb o o
;C)
='€, gEe c\l O
ol
o
o o
=€€
- l o
.t. I -t- rJ? rr)
I
o
I
- F
+ts q) to o .1.
I
1'
O o
do rr> O
I

o o
dt- ol ro
o o
(t'E<
F{ q:T o o o o o
9.() trl F( cq F{

6
c) 6 . F
ro
:{cO-
tl F o,
c.>r
o.i SF coE
-6 - F o-
q
(.1

l=
x 6a gtl xs {j6
qi
sgs
6

(u
ri
C' ..- rE
E F
El-

=
F
, a f o
>rY }( c)
aca
F
o(u
oo. .o€

F
OA crl E{>, l i €

:€
s

F
HsF G'
3 c.i
c"
(u
O!f
o o
cEr t4
F c ,
(J
o
g9g f ; to{
'-g \ 9- !trE C E €
tE

o
F

oA() o3- filj tr={


F ^ o c.
q)
>ll
q)
E;: q 0
(.,

cO-
55q
F
E
" : -E$ c)(\)
, q t
q.r 3 ng
O 6 0
x (€ ; ll o o 3 ! o.'}l
I Eo.-:
6i x :t--O
58 :tr4 9a
: Ai';to cl..
og d(u
3 H.+
O3q
EFII <s .1. _ o >I
* 'cFJ' *r - 5* x a c ,
t s l
,r-O Jlr
rL€ e6
Ots
Fq o
a'
t- o.
o l l

I :f r:l , f t ' '


6


o
o. () 6t rnl oF fr*
v ? gb" F
(.,
,:s
L) (u
c..
c)
Yc) 0.)
€ -e+
c ) 4
O F
:trC,
(EI
o. A
F
G'
L.
() o o ?<- o F A
()o
Gl' ct q
I

q, o.
.4) F =O. O 6 (Uo!
o
t-
c)-
= o. o. Oc) = ! i '> :r
a
c)
ta x
G,,O
t-.
<)
= . Q

.9 6' ae
O:r
q
o E
T F
- 6
v o -
isF
!=E
o o -J lEl oq-
€ g g
F F - o
l - a
F c a F
(, F
(\t
= o

2;

88
1'T

HCnOJrb3OBaH[il, rJiaBHbIM o6pasoM, AJtfl orIeHKH ornocnTeJrbHofr r(a-


' 3rn eMnHpHrIecKHe
BHTaTIHOHHOfi CTOfiKOCTH p a 3 n fi q H brxMarepnanoB ..H eroropue Soprvry.nunonyrrenbrB p$yJrbrare o6pa6orrr.r
HbIC O KABHTAIIHOHHOft A aH _ AaHHbIx
{HbIX HcrrblTaHua
HCTIbITAHHff oOpasrloB
OODA3IIOB H 3 nerKopa3pyilraeMoro
H3 JICTKODA3DVIII'EMOTO T tFMPIr'FIJ,AF^
crofrxocrn MarepHaJroBnpnBoAflrcq rarxb UeMeHTHoro
B [)17,30,70]. pacrnopa.Kar noxdsarH srr.rHcnbrraHna,spblnq sosHHku.t npn p"-
Ann 6eroHon, KoropbreMoryr pa6orara nMax, x.apaKTepn3yroqnxcffcoornorrreHueM0,875<p40,95.
oo'qHop* ; ;;dili ;;; ilJ;"fl; ffi ;: 'cnoco6crByroulH
:"#i8:iJJ"ffif x iiJ"lT
noBbr- l€".-11-II" 3aBHcHMocrb BHHHl', nuno-nHeHHbrx
1:-l:II 1!""eAoeaHl'rfi B KaMepe
tuelTro r(aBHrar{HosHoft
crofirocrn
; -

#teHTypH,
Y r - . : - -
HHTeHcHBHocTH
, _ - - - - - :

./ aporun 6eroHa AaHrrbtx co-


- . . 9 | r q l ' I ! l , \ ,

[1.7,B0l:
l) np,MeHeHne 6erorra Aocraror{Ho BbrcoKH.\ i9tana H nporlHocrn or cKopocrr{ floroKa I/ uoxer 6urr Bbrpa]KeHa
a:'r,n4Da rr nnnrrrrnmrr nc ^r'^^^ lf - - ' ' - ?
Mapor( H a u1e6He,
- a He Ha rpaBHH; En nepeou npn6JrHx<eHHH cJreAyrorqefieoprvry.noft:

il ;; -;;fi;;;;#fi ' ("",


?l orpaHuqenu6'*pyn"ocrniu re6Hn (Hepe4ro He 6olee 4O u,u); , r_./r'(#)-,
P lnnf.|nvlALlt
eHr.r
R B cypoBbrx *.iri, u,nu;; il;"
d D ^116^^'... .-:-----
{;,^: (44)
'500
fffi "_:".:lJ:
se uenee). " ;;;;;;, il; %d: F:_{.ro_--HHTeHcllBHocrb
3po3HH 6etoua.AaHHoro cocraBa n nportnocrH np6 cKo-
#,pocrlr noroKa 3O nlcer (ra6;r. l4l; m: T . 8.1
4) o6ecne'reHHe npe4e.nr'ori. pacrr)KHMocrH
e 28-lHeBHoM o6pasqoui- :.i+-:
.&:_
B o 3 p a c r e - H e M e n e et . i O - s . zu
.i€r, opnenrnpoaoq'bre nporHo3brKaB'TaqHounofisposn' B Harype
5J -He
.llnuuenenne 6eToHoec BoAor{eMeHTHbrM orsoruiluueru 6o- )(it--s
.neeO,42n Ap. ,H' 4.9. flporHo3 o)KHAaeMofi eerrcqaHbr KaBHrarrHoHHofi sposaH B Ha_
- :F'
4.6. HnreHcaBHocrbKaBHTausoHHofi gpo3nH,o[peAenfleMaffKaK BecbMa Cloxnoft saAaqefi B cHny

;lHi:J ",.:oj^o.1 ^t::pJfl:l3i r,,rarepna;r1


ro .rybnn"
- (inl,t), rro O 3 H H C Y U { C C T B C H H O3 A B H C H T K A K O T

f 3I ":X :::j^"t i 11i:_B\krvtf uru.E.E. Beae,,ed; i; p;';";,:r;; r osnf i pa6oTu coopyxet 'Hr , TaK H
;;-;;;";;;;;;;; :peruHocreft fipou3BoAcrBa pa6o.r.
a^-^'----- OA , I
ceqeHHH 3O lbr HarypHbrx coopyxreunft 3Haqn_
.u/cerc H npH craAHH pa3BHrHa KaBHTartf H, orBe,laouleii
MaKCHMansiroft TTHT.HCHBHOCTT.T aposnr), cocraBJr flJta: )' r{eM ycJIoBHtI 'la6opatopHblx 3Kc-
: . iIIeprrMeHToB,
.rrAnt:rr.arrr^h z - - .-
AJrn r'Aporex'HqecKoro MapKH <300> npH- KOTOpbrx6o.nee o[peAeJreHHo BocnpoH3BoAr.rrcfl rl
!e1oua Ha fpaBfiH KagecTBoH3yrraeMbrxMaTepHaJloB.
C dnarc : 40 /soo: O,l3 culuac;
- Pesyruratu
c nosHrileHHofiorHoc're.nnuori KaBHra- na6oparopHbrx HccJreAosaHnft Ha KaBnrar{HoHHy}o
li:,,,9::o::^I.1qIu _<400> .rpe6o"u"3,",
yAoBJrerBoprroqero
I\.rtrn t a. i:
: ,5posllto e 6ornflreft creneHptroArrcrr AJrn 3aKJrroqeHuft o cpaBHHTeJrb-
Y?riiit::;:il*rbK),
: 0,08 cnlaac; [i0], _r4oo
5oft xanHTauaortrroficrofir<bcru Marepua rtos unn o cpaBHuTeJrbHbrx
. Anfr 6eroua HHoro cocraBa_HJtn Huoft npovnocrg, [oryrrHTb K aB H TaqH oH H b Irxaqeir eax KoHcr pyxqali, geM AJr n Kor r 4qecr BeHHbI X
qeul{f ./ trroxHo, Hcnorb3yfi sHa_
Hcllo;tbsvfi doolrvJrv: eopMyry: &rpollg3oa o)KHAaevoii 3po3HHB narype
I . 4.10. -[.aHsue AJIfl nporHo3oBBerur{HHbrspo3urr B HarypHbrx ycJro-
I- r
" - rg0o
N' (41),- n1 pe3y,o"'ou ;;6;;A;','rii HaAFa6orofrAeircrByro.
#ly:::1..:*lI
u{HX coopyx(euuh.
xoeQQnuxe''I'-orHocntelt'oir xaaaraqroHsofi
;f;-rl* crofiKocrlr npHHHMaercsro t' I{seetrHste cJryqall pa:pyrueHrift rrarypHbrx.coopyxreHlrrl r{o)KHo
asA eJrH Tb
rra A Be r pyr r nbr :
I ) o6reM spo3u-HBecbMa BeJrfiKH rrpHBoAHrK norepe coopy)Ke-
HeM pa6orqcnoco6Hocrn 3a nepr'roA'rvreHsurnfi,qeM Me)KAy
ocMoTpaMr.rcocToflHHrrcoopy)KeHnfl.. "penoa
: @rrxcupyrorcr JrHrub xoue.{rrLre pe3yJrbrarbr KaBHTar{HoHHoro
o6sr qHo BecbM a.cepbe3lr
. br eH, I O - BHAHM O M y,
. I lpot xeA-
f3]evueH uR ,
.*ri'IIrHeB cBoeM pa3BHTHlr qenulir prA craAaft: or HaqarbHoro
JroKaJrb_
Ao rl anauoo6pa3Horo rrportecca M accoBbrx pa3_
f.,l:l-o^ _To..:p^.IAeHHfl
.sPYrueHHH, CBf3aHHOfO c AHHaMHqecKHMH rrpoueccaMH n Aefic.rsllelt .
(42) S n r o p n u H b l X K a B H T a u H o H Hb r x o q a r o B .
npu p < 0,675 -ll.' A
JTH cryrlaH MoryT cJIy)KHTb JrHrrJbo6rqnnr npeaociepejKeHlreM
#,.
r:r""*'[itt
VE^'"4 (+3)
;[
rIporHB HeAooIreHKHKaBHraIIHoHHorfon a c socrn rrpH npoexfrr poBa HH
'-LrJ
'ar.
-
n
' PqA 3KcnepulreHraropoB
TTpHBoAHTApyrue 3naqeHnff m - 3 -i 6.
90 ;ii
{..
: s .
.i
x: gl
'I cTpoHTeJibcrBe1l rloKa3are,[cM Ro3Moxnoft TRxcecTrr 4.12:'_8.yc.rronHffxcpbr.BHoftKaBHrauuH npn orcyrcrBHn aapaunH
rrocJreAcrslffr : 0,5 MaK cg M aJr br r afHnr
raroft HeAooqeHrc{. i eHcuBHocir noepexnennf t ( poci r ny_
2') o6rerrr' gpog'H yBer'r{HBaercff cpaBHHTeJrbHoMeAJreHHo, br J(aBepH)ua craJrH B.Cr.3 Mox(er 6srrt o(eHeHa no-3MnHpHqe-
}r
B NEPHOT MCX{AY OCMOTPAMH COOPY)KCHH'I BTOPHTIHbIC'flBJICHH'I II Qopuy.ne:
MaccoBoe pa3pyueHne KoHcrpyxrtnfi, KaK npaBn4o, €ule I az \2,J
He HMeroT
IUeCTa. /*,a*c: 2.10_6 ,) , .uulu. (45)
\W,
flpu Ha4JIelKatrtefinocrarioBr(e Ha6.rroAefurrfi yaaercfl ycrar{oBxrb
HeKQTOpbre 3axoxoMepHocr4 pa3BHTrrflsposHH B OnpeAeJreHHbrx opafl yqrrbrBaer flar(x{e' aQQexrbr Koppo3HHMeranra, ycH.rreHnofi
fHA- cBfl3u c KaBHT.aunotlHbrM sosAeftcrBueM.
paBnH'lecKHx ycJtoBHnX fl llcrroJlb3oBarb 3TH 3aXdHOrtlepHocrH
pas pa6or K n M e ro Aa tj rrn p o n to 3 a e p b :aa. AJr.rr 3ra $opMyJra aef,crsnreJrbHa npa ycJroBLIH, vro r.ny6uHa KaBepr r
Kas''ra(Hor{Hbre paspy.uerrHr - B coopy)Ke H'flx, orHocrrrr'xc,r p o 3 H H C y r { e c r B e H H o ' M e r { b [ r e n o n e p e q H b r x p a 3 M e p o B 3 0 H b l oTpbI Ba,
rpynne,on'caHbrB n,reparype1i,'16, 4s, ib,6i; 6t, 63,65, i KOTOpOfT B O 3 r r H K a e TK a B H T a U H f .
[^ne^L"o^T
6 6 ,67,
66, 6 7 69,7l,
, 6 9 . 7 17.6 -79,
76, 7 9 -_g0J.
801

B <PeroubruAatt,ttx> H'Jlaraprcr Jr'rub reKoropbre
AaHHbre,no-
C\r
d *:,,
n
ryqeHHbre no p€3/.flbraraM Ha6.rrroAeH nfi Ans c.rryuaea eropofi rpyn_
nu' oHtl Mofyr 6url HenocpelrcrBeHHoHcrroJrb3oBaHbr
AJrn op1errrrr-
poB or r Hbr.K n p o rH o s rrRo 6 re r{ a Ka B H Tar{ H OH H Oft
apo:aH npH npoa,.r,,_
Fl

poB aHur rc o o p y x e u u fr.


4. I l-. [Ip a cpuauofi KaBrrrarrurropnerrrr.lpoBoquaff orreHKa
orHqcH_ Tupeq
waanbA-A(cnl)
rerniroft r{HTeFrcr4BHOCTr.r 3DOSHHMO)Ker 6srrn floryqeHa,
' v e r J r L ' q ' HCXOAfl
'r-' rt3 t:Orlp6
AaHHbtx ra6.rr. lg. t, nrt
tr0 --l --l-
Ta6au4a Ig
3as*cfiHocrb _orHoc'TerrHoft HHTeHcEBHocTHepog'H 0r8 h:2nn, L:2/tnH,
' oT graA,,H
. V:J2
cpbrBltofi xanrr-aUnn. (4anHsre CKE 0,
;MocruApocra.[s")
0r4

0,?

200

Pug. 5!. l-Ipnuep pa3BHrHs KaBnraur{ouuofi-sposuncralb-


-flpnne4eHHbreAaHHbreorHocflrc o * Jrorrn, BbrpalKenuoft ray6n- HOH OONHUOBKH CO IIIBAMH H. CTbIKATt}t T(OHCTPYKIIHH H3
Hor'rnoBepxHocrrlbrxnoBpexAeHnft HJ:Hnbrepea B eca B.C'r.3.
uarepi za[ra H a
eAlr HHr{y rlJrou{ aA}f, 3 zr.\Ba qes Ho ir Ka g nra tt lrel.r.
L Qop.rvyna (45) o6o6uraer sHaqdrerbHoe qgcno
. qro nJTouIaAb,noABepra_rculancfl. Ha6.rrrcAeHuli
_C.nelyeTorMeruTb, KaBHTar{HoH- ia6oroft coopyxeHnft npH Hanopax or 16 Ao 40 u (a_A;p;.i;
sa
HOirSposilH'c y'Merrbue.ryneM orHocHTerbHofo napaMeTpa KaBHTa.r\iltl
)aH3r.rrrroronoroKa HenocpeAcrBenrros6rH3tr Mecra pa3pyuJeHnn)
F cyutecrBeuHo Bo3pacraer (ra6.n. 20) .
oA B peMeH eMp a3BHTHr r paspyur er r nr i nor ipr uanocs'
peMrr pa60iu
Q axr HyecKoe
c o o p y x ( e H n f r B K a B I { T a U H O H T { Op
Me } K H M e , i p "
II p n6,rr x en ,i u e 3 HaqeHHfl o r Hoc rire{t B : 0,5.
epo3nn lllo,, (nanHue CKE l-o n n, " " ", 3o Hbr * ^ r rr\T:i:{
-
.--'
Fc.n a npoer(THpyeMoe coopyxen He npeAnoJrar-aercfl 3r(cfinyarrrpo_
,Mocrn4pocianbrl) Tb rlpH HI{OM 3HaqeHHH p, nepecqer /nr*" BeAercR no
rj6;1.'lg.
CreneHt pa3BHrHq 4-13. oopmynoft (45) MolKHonorrb3oBarbcrH r,ns,'opnen.urp6-
KaBHTaUilH KaBHrauuosuorl3posHHHHbrxMarepHa.rron,o6.na_
1911:11"pofHo3oB - .rpy^iypr;
froqax Aocrdro,{HooAHopoAuori
0,2-:-O,6 6eroH
u, snoKcHA" j : i';;'rffi t;;;"il;1i,"'n,u"r-
op. ff
"* ";e;r";, no cpaBHeHHrO CO
BHrauHoHHyro crofixocrr " Cranbro
"ilff#.Hil;
g.cig.
3gecu I -- AilHHa3oHht 3po3uH nprr AaHHoM 3Har{eHH.H /o,u - (ra6n..l6).
F; To x(e rIpH F : 0,5.
92 93-

ts
t"1"Tl,H"gfi:.",T1::'^:P:::1-?"
BpeMeHH
rp' p - Q,5Bvcno- b r x p n c . 5 7 s a r y x a H H i -luf reHclrBHocruepo3Hn Bo
i BpeMerru.3a TSC 4

lm:nnx"#ryH? 1 ":f iiij


:*irfi[
noQHnrI r #;"fl jl
?f#":ll""i::i1'^T::.1r^.:.:..=poBr{ocr"""o"l,'*JalJftffi;;;
"d;'?: TT
rii-il.s--bi!";,G;;ffiiii;
H apy)K euor r e 6uno.
I-Ipaae4e'HbrecBeAelfrs Moryr 6urr HcnoJrb3oBaHH
Anfl oueHKH
::J""*1f1,:l#:^19:I
p^aauna
HrroroBJreHnn,
*o"ri*" H npHeMKH>,
rllsL|1ttt ))ItnAaeMoroo6l,eM^1spg3nt{ crarbHurx o6nnqoBoK
yi e trrruuqnI r u nnaa ( n . Z2..J3S5-,2 . 3866)1 .
vvv"'q! rta yqacrKax re_
##lJTryl#
craB.rreru
na puc.5T. npeA.
I-[ p lr M e q a r rr e. H.nrrccrplrpyc'oe prc. 57 ,eKoropoe
Asanor'IrHble Ha6loA eHHn
---- -'r
npoBoAnJr'cb
3aryxa'fle Bo Bpe-
vsvr*rrr"rv' raKlr(.e AJrfl Bbrcor rrrBa HecJreAyer
nepeorreHr.
ti ycrynd I nlr w 4 uu. l';: raK
i,j'J?".J"J':Tl,:j::,,:l^
l:-:::".i,^iT:,_:::q911,,.r,t,,tn
KaKB Haryp*r,rxycnoBr'x HeoAHOKparHo
""0"run"a,;;ffi;;i;ffi;T;-
,;;:o:H,,:i:,,:":.T*p.,iTI.
errrax BaJrrKoB 3.j33:-:{yTTTIx
c rleHrparbHbr* lzo * iad;, 1rffrli,,nn,
yrnorf noprAKa"*ou,,H.".ry" np,,
'bleuBbIso us6exa'lle ii;;;;;'Lffi;
KaB'traqtloHsoft
rpo'snrin no*j" npoquocrrr(oHcrpyr(-
cJreayeT rrptl3HaBarb HeAonycT[IMbtMH.

{_r___
r vrnr6:JI
0,06
0,04
c) 6)
.I/Jru^, J/Jnaic rlI
t.t!
?,5 a:/I
|

'n,It
/
Ic=
0,6
/

0r4 -/

0,2 -'{,/
e
0,02 0,04 0,06 0,09a/l 0,04 o,0g 0,12 0,16a/L
uy' ttu 1iJ Zra 2r5 r/l
Pnc. 5Q. Ornocurpao"u" ,ny6trna H pacnonoxeHue
Pxc. 58. fltnna 3oH spo3rn 6 JoH 9 p o 3 H H
3a ynnorHeHHsur{ H HX
3a ynnoTHeHHeM
PaCnoro}(eHHe
a-npil ute.reuofi npo,reqKe;U-iP"lr"l""Jlarartrrn
a-np'{
npe.llrreroBrrrauerpo.v d.not.
nporetfKax qgpe3 u{e4lr orHocHTerbuofi
flonarauun 'i'o*oanr"r""t.rl,,
urrrpuHoft all; 6-npn
uo.l yhaorne"ne npean eio-"
dt t (io ucc.re:oaaririril c .['laMeTpov
ri6-.irocrrr.4pocraao.). Tarcxe c 6ontulor'r ocropolKHocrbro
c.r€lver OTHOCHTbCfl K BO3-
ox{ Hocra
I-lpa Bbrcore HepoBHocrrr r. u.u _lr{crpa rro{rfl rrnr n pne64eHHbrx au o,* H a n e p H o A 3 p o 3 t r H
lr [poaoJrx{HTeJrb'ocr' Ha6aroAe_ oure600-800 {. """
Htrs 600 u o6napyx(eHbr nuui.tr3MeHeHnfl
rrBera MeraJrJra H rroflBre-
oft nopflAr{a 0,1 uu no Hnsoeoft t_ ,1-15. tlprr flporeqKax qepe3 ynnorHeHHr 3arBopoB (<<il{erreBafl
Burauun>>) ,n1:1:B:Hocrb 3po3r.rH^Bo Ka_
no- BpeMer{H o6arqso funusxa
cpeAcTBeHHO Sa HfiM. K onpeAe"rqeNrori no
Qoprrry".re (+s;. oa"axJpu"""rne epo3HH
rpnu sposr{H oKasaJracb B I,S_ nH3HpyercfrrpHAocrHX(euuurny6nrr cra6'_
"_ nopnAiu1__z';;;6;; ureJrH,
B z pasa AsJlr-rugbr ueponHocrg, H3 KoropoitnpoHcxoAHr nporeqKa.
:n MaJrbH anrny6nna eposnn HarypHbrx ycrroBaffx saperncrpnpoBaHbr
rlacb B -eroM cnyqae panHoft 0,5_0,6 oK a3a_ i^
*i, inruKo s oiru,r6e or
AaH_ BcnP -
eAcrBHerr{e,reBoft x aeHr a r\ytr irp n ri,,rorp u
r"ny6nHu epo3nH
qepes ynnoTHeHHfl
94 Q u
""
95
Ha H.anopar BS-J0 -u B nperlerrax S_12
,,au ans B.CI.J. flclnpex-
AeHHflHepxaBenuteficranH o6Hapyxerrbr He
6wnu.' NPHNOT(EHHfl
3'a'reHrrr rg6rrHbr H rx'pHHbr soH spo3'H
Ha ynnoruseuofi no_
BepxHocTn B 3aBitctrlrocTnoT tunpHHbr rr1e"'tfi,qepes
rrc,xoArTnpoTeqNnBOAbI,HJ|H B 3aBHCHMOCTH *oropyo ,;;-
OT B,LraMeTpacrryvafi-
tlblx npeAlueroB.nonaAalourHx noA
pnc. 58, 59 no -raHHbrM .yn.noTr{eHHfl,fip€AcraBJreHbr rfa
Hcn.ilrarma i[i;;;yp""rT napaMerpax yn-
sorseHnfi H Hanopa.{.
4. I 6. I-lpu npor_xo3HpoBaH
HH KaBnraqno1rHoft aposr' MeraJr.rrAqe_
c*rrx noBep.\Hocreriseo6xoAHMO HMerb
B BHA, , rrro or..yr"*6"'pri-
. ITpunoucenueI
t
t-t
r:t 3HPO
?lfD r l D t BAHHt
rrrr'^ oHAqAJI A
= KABHTAI I HH
+ BoAocEPOCHbtx cooPVXE
q5
H HR
I
R
c) cAHori oroJroBoK rny6nnuoro
15
c\ laBHTar{HH
IaBHTaIIHH
/f v
4oAo_
u_l_rAv-
HeM,
HeM - a
A TaKxe Ha
Ha
T A r { \ . 6 ^ofipeAe_
nh^-^
<r AurlycrHMyruBblcory HepoB'ocr'
5 B BnAeur"tyn,'i0".. 6r).-
lO
5r
*-+,1'"'"
]f'
$' .5. __sJt7,Sn ,,

. Prc;y;,:"','i,XT"u";HJ;#'F5ffi":0fi:'if.
. Eeros-rt ,I&).; K*r:2,1, KlKkp_o,2_+.0,4g;
:i";f;I."n
vi:m_n ilrcel.
pyllreHlle illeraJ"ra HaqllHaercr, JIHrrtb
no Hcreq eHHH uHxy6aulloHHoro
neplrona' B TeqeHHeKOTOpOT' AeiicreHe r(aBHTa
\nw npiBOAAr JrHrrrb
K HaKorrrTeHHto BH)-TpeHHHx noBpex<adHnfi MarepHa Jra H HureucnBHbtx
'*apyueHufi roBep.\HocrH.Ipoaor*"r.oi*o'cro
deprroaa3aBHcnr. r.raBHbrM o6pasorur, ""*v6ruHoHHoro
or'.iua wH KaBtnaqpra
rroroKa..H H cr{opo_
:Jrjr n;rs o6ur.rHoiivrnepoAscroft crann B.C1.S Mox{er co_
craBJrnrborco"'ro 50: 60^ i.p" g*o1io.t"* nt." xa 20 i Pnc. 6l-
craAHHKaBrrrauHH = ! sn ry./ceKrl
F 0,5 (na 60rbnbrx creHr(gx 3.rrbr orpbrBa fro_
rora)' o,aHaro3ro Heraer oc:-gBaHfrfr,
qenueyKa3aHHoro.:.:1,:gAl_BpeM r,onyiKarb KaBHra[HroB Te_ $,ceveH'e BoAoBoAaBxA,=3xS- ,i, Hanop,{=Bs li cpe*wxs
-TeHdcoorsercrB,vCIurrlr
errH, ecrrr,rLneunarbr{o He ycraHoB_
,F;i;llllllJ":?v* '"!y !0"c:ol,".*u
3":!':::^l:Tt.f:"yp"
pacverorw (npH"nox";;; tJ
TAKOFO PC}K'r}IA .TJ'I .VCTAJ'OKOHCTPYKTiHfi
A;;,ir.Hocrb
B OTHOIUCHHH AHHAMHqC-
.ff.ypo:"eMMop'I.noToJrKarpy6olsa6ro';oBKoM|00u.
unpeAenqeMnapaMerp KaBHrarlHHno
",o
cror? npoqnocrr noc.re-IH S, (2). finn AaH-
Hx.
- 4 ' 1 7 ' B c rl ' ry r6 b ;s u ro i iH s Me' qutsocrl r
I iLHoro crvrran: .Qopnryrre_
^!3"n72*tr1: s2,s+to,n![ri;" iii;^',Ii^*:;
Ha p a3rrrr'{Hbrr coopvirieHHffx, ycy-ry_6.n
csori crs H K aqecTea6e' o' a. i;b" bl i i*r:'t,:zs nlcei.-
{ ra61.t),'H,,p:0,26"i
crBa crpoHTe.,lbHbrr
xeuo fi p.asn uo n, ii' iior r"
pa60r,' orleHr(H Olr(HAaeMoft epos oo - . fi rlo Qopuy.ne(2)
otipeAe.ryeHHbr, qe]r craJbHHx no-eepxuocrer?- u a 6eroHa MeHee *.
f.;. y' t - :H*rp- H*p
oAHaxo Hlreloiqrrecsrua6rroae*nur" ,E
- Y i r ; - : - - - E - :_a2IJ-!4
l'33'
au',or ocHoBaH Hfl. Anfl npn6tru_ .."i.
xeHHbrxoqeHoK.Ha puc. 60 npnneaeHbr ie;6t
derossnx racttre;retlilieprna .e Hr.r)KHeM
AaHHF,re^i"oi,Jr'#-J,i"n
no rny6aue oposHH 'il E
rnHbr[0, 68J. Oue$i n,ro_ BxoAHoroororroBKa
#ts KpHBbrM
,,^..9::l:3_1". .noAqapaeM eJrnHnrHqecKHM
ro
96 p'c- rE HeanucuMocrnM(r tl u'itg), il;;;;;;;;, Aorrx<no
.r: T
'*5, gn
:CrBop | (Korerr oroaoara)
Croop III

I l,o 2,0 2,0 70 16,3 0,33


2 1,0 3,0 4,0 4,0
Qeo 13,3
I00 lg,3 o,22 1, 2 t7 I l,g
3 0,I0 2,1 90
5,0. 6,0 6,0 ll0 u),4 I5,g 0,85 6
o,2l 0,09 14,2 1,45 30
16,5 0,78 5 I4,g l,g2 23
2,0 1,67 60 15,0 0,39 0,55_
3,0 2,0 70 16,3 12,2 1,42 28
0,33 0,36 I1,0 2,4 90
5,0 2,66 80 17,3 13,3 1,20 t7
a,2g o,24 I l, g 2rl 90
loo -1,35 r05 lg,g 14,2 0,95 9 12,7
0,22 0,10 1, 6- 4l
16,2 0,81 5 I4,6 1,37 26

ll 3 .n -!_brrueno re,reHuro or crsdpa I.


grBop III - ucp: lg,J .ttlcei.

i MoxHo-BOCnoJ*SOA-arrc fi nilfl,noa60pa_oqeprarrHrr.oroJroBKa
KoMeHAaqHsMH E. M. tlnxnaua y4r._niiAup"" srrnrnrr{.recKuft H pe-
K*p: Co.,u*"nplr
+ -$: t. rroBoK,Bocnorrbs.BaBrur{c_b puc. r6. npail;il;; oro_
ilo prrc. 15 nprr.Hfa-T non6upaeM Koroporo(npa 4r : t) Co"r"n": i,2. ;;;."i6;=r:t ,3, 4,n
orofioBoK c 6nnsxwMK rpe-
6yenouy, Ho n'rerrau-li*vr grraqdryuw Eonrr,", ;;;;;;;;"."o flo puc'20,npn
cp.r"*"(Cp 6urs l z : 0 , 8 - u u e e M O a x ' a * c- 0 , 0 1 8 .T o r a a n o ( I r ) ,
yrleroM ( l3) ; npu-hs:4
.,"*"(r(*p. Taxoaulv, flBJrflercfi ( notyuurvr
r?=0,r5,r,rrli. *i:.gil" :1,248.""
(13) npu ko:4Ir sll"^lrT:'l;f:;lf*# Cq,*axc': 1,2 + 4 X 0,018 :
rrp,rrrrMa" J;"*":0,0s r,'no;ryvaeu:
"i"ai;;r;;
Cp-ra l i c :d o r,r" " * d n o * ,"-1 ,2 4 5 *4X
0,0S- 1,445= 1,45.
( 1 ,33< 1,45), T. e. ororroB or(
rrb oroJroBoK c MeHblI^*eo*^*".
IH)KeHHHOr-orToBor( c rl, :0,75'ir
pnc. rc e prraric:l,l2; . Cv,nr*t:
l(pnK puc.2O H .ro, rrro B 1,22+ 4 X0,02 : l,B0 <
AaHHoM
C A H T ,T a r ( K a K q r : 0 , 2 S
HMeetw + 1,0,
C p o r" * ": l ,l 2 + 4 X 0,03: 1,24< I,BJ.
Vc.rroure(8) BbrnoJrHeHo, i llpu npo'sBoAcreepa6or BosMoxHo-o6pasoBa'r{e
oroJroBoKnpHeMJreM. orAeJrbHbrx
He-
ffi
cM:f ,""",tr
n ::^
X *o *3 (n pesvubrare
etrreHr{
";|lf H:*
onan'6KH,. :: :3l.ii:-:11'o
; ;: ;i: s"li;"d;?t##H:
I 3Ha,JeHre
- :
=
d.r,"*" rrpilBeleHo lra pac. 20
AJrs oroJt crbrKro
oon
c,iv'rae
4t 0,5rt-ours'Hero
:rox'o ox'AarbEecKorrb*o "iro"il
qeu.uorprpoli plrc.20, H;ff1":"}'fri;#"i'Jiijl
j #3:irr;:igffi
IrocTlrr ofoJroBKa Hs ycnoBHfi "**:j::
H X?11"JJ HepoB HocrHrr t -
IroBepx- a noB
epx
.. grcyTcTBr,rfl --
98. rroJrbsoBarbcsyr(asagl{fiMn n. 2,29_2.43: KaEHTaqEE CJreAyeTBOC-

s
Paccrrorni
rpHM HepoBHOCrb B BrrAe BbrcTyna
HA
lS:::"',.*in**ucilgy_;.""";'.;;X;,_i-:,'d'""dLXTf
6::': ;:ffi::?L;':
H, onpeAeIHB
KnouLp**;; ; ii * i;! f;":T."XT::
H: I :l::i,.j:.y1e_
l',?;." il';p:;;ffffi;;;:
hpn groM Ann'a o6naqon_l*Horoyqacr*a
+tl
6urs ycraHoBneHac yqeroM ox'AaeMoio o.onosxa Ao"rrxnd
.recxofio6.tnqosxr.
rrecxnfi rt6 a,utr'.ou, ra.recrBa 6eronHofi no-
H Bo3Mo)KHocreft
yctpane*Hn o6Hapyxe'Hbrx Ha
A.rs sroro pacqera [pHMeM: ;-"?H::IH uefi Ae-
a)' ro.:nInHV norpa'HqHoro (npucreaHoro)
: 6.\;
'
\rrl'nu r Entr(Jl ' crofl 6 :-const :
.
6) eropocrb Ha rpaH'ue norpaH'qHoro
cJrofi va:v'"pi
e) pacnpeAe.nesn-ecKopocrefr
;;$;;;;;"" c.lroe no norap'e_
"

flo4cvurbrBaeM rap aMerp KaBHrar{Hr{


no gopuyne (2)
1
'!50,0r:

/4 7,5n
npHqeM Ha^:10,16 rw rro ra6n. I y H^p:0,32
uulrH -rr rwno ra6n.2. Kpurn=
-?
racHrerr
n HpaMHAarrbftoro,
nu pn"
;;: fi fi i,T;x;Jl ;,1'X', "
Pnc.62. r ( : 0 , 8 4 ( ("n - 2,1.
llprn AaHHbtx r6ApaBn6rre-
*o,naa*orrt 3ar(olry' npHqeM A.rfl
-BbrrrllcJrerrlrs vu Bocno./-rb3yeMc, CKHX ycJloBlrffx, K.aK CneAYer
y paB HeHr r e .rr
(3 1 ) u rp a $ n Ka rf{ Hp rrc . B S npu E 2-: H3 ycnoBHR (8), ua .acur6n"
f (+ :.onrt) :
9TOrO TI{[A BO3HNKAETKABH-
- 6-ld-'; Vu:V,"p:%p /
/ O . i O =. V { r ;
r) I/xan: H^r+ H^"u,-'a4u Hnaa onpeAeJrsercs
no ypanHeHHlc)
Eepnye;rrr, npnrreM B crBope KoHrIa oroJroBKa,
rAe Vcp:Vr:
:25' xlcer, Hu:t6:-,ho^* nOnyqeHo
pacqeTO_MnO XapaKTepHOIHy.
AJrE pacclraTpHBaeMoroOroJroBKa3HaqeHHrcdrr"*
c : l-,2:
' 7 P u ^ * " V'2 252
Ttro* =: . C
E-z:l,2qd- 32,5:Sfi ,u.

^Pg:y"rrraru pacrreron nnfl ,AByx,gHaqeHgftA : |,O nil u A :


: 3,0 .u.v 3*a'enafi ( H csssr""oi ;;;'y.rro" (*n:b,8<0,84,
nocreri cBetreM- o6pa6orxa H epoB - - Pnc.63.
e ra6n.
,21 (ycnonan"orcyrcrB Hfr,KaBHrarrHH
B STOM KaBHTarlnn 6y4er orcyrcrBoBarb.
cny.qag,Iaubre ra6.n. I0) .

'K\ -- W . e ffiniX"fXtjfl
yc.nor iji:1Tj:..{ll|:.o r'na AIrnAatr*rbrx
'{?'6b'-*',-ilX"tiliili';,lo*,',Xf rrrA-
7i1g-"Kxg:o'4ffiv&' 9-aBrlrrfcKHx
flHc:i'-::p.iy."r;;#ffi ;i,l;?1
2g
xsI'ffi",
r a J"1Y :I nln-u ;; ;; til .;;
111i?:,.1'^
cnr e.neft, .;;;;. """;
Hs anatrna pffiyJrbraToB gToro pacqefa
BHAHo, qro B creope 1
" "p5: piln nq
!T H
:.pl: B, n$;;p;;;';;ffi;.'"?'J"o"l ;i: ;; .
ep 5" ;;' B H T a I I H H
HHKaKHeIIpaKTHrrecKH pea"rrH3yeuueipe60BaHHff K KaqecrBy Ha HepoB-
HocTH He HcKJIIoqaIoT Bo3MolKHocrb noqBneH'fl KaBHTauHH,
noBepx-
n no-
tleure I-t), ecrr' .ny6uHu
3 *-
dilli.
Xffi:i5:T i "Y+::::"i:'i:F:i-F i;^'ffiil:-ffi#:
Bblcgroft nrcn^n.rvarrr,^,-, ..^
rroroKapaB'a4';:';;$:"Jlli;.pr*
srolry r;-rff 3?rr{Hrbr BoAoc6poca or KaBHTaTIH.HHOII
sposll=-n-Heo6xo-
fj_
AHlto nplnteuehHe3ar.r{HTHbrx l--- t c"teAyet
norp51rnft. o6oarnrn BHHMa'H'He Ha cyu{ecr'eH'oe BJr'FHlrepacrrer'oro
a: qerr 6o.ruure'oor{a"-ruu;;;;;;ro.rb 3HiIqeHHfl
npeAbflBJsorcff K o6pa6orxe noBepxrocr*, reM MeHbrulre
l0q cnyqsg"rx uepoauocrefi. rpe6onaulra

101
I'paHlrrruorocrron oA : pasanrirn ro. 'u,a
i4 .ulcerc,E B cesewnn I-.i Ha rrepoBriocrn-sbrcorofi-B
I-I ' B0 Jw'.:-Y-"1nuT
v" ;:;;;;;;:':;::-{sacrKa
t"gPPTu noroia
cl(gPggb
pr"rr* ZA
paBrra iat,ulr"*r rpnrnon'o:-*lT:-noaur noroi.u B eeqeHHH KABHTAIIHfi. n6stt'Kaer
rIeMMopr.lO0#!t'n'reMreparypa tS"C'1",i;;; "-."o."nn
i*
CC
A.,,q. HCKNM'CHHfi OAHHM
H3 CPCACTB IlfO)KCr 6Utr,
,Oorl cKpyrJreH'e BepxoBoro pe6pa,
arraJrorarrrro TOMy, r(aK 9To cAeJraHo
, l(aBlrrar{rr,
n npnnnepe2.
.ru5lJlffi:16:o#Jf
rJracrrora6n. 10,paseu""rp
.
Bhrcryna
(a : e0-), co- I-I p H M e p flpoeepnrb-Bo3HHKHoBerrHe.KaBHraqHH
!.
nJrocKoro 3arBopa. Ha ra3ax
rroyc,,o"". :: e0") (npn nbnuocrn'o orKpbrro*
3arBope) my6HHroro

",1;;!;l'f{f^;:,lrl"or
H*, K :.H*,?; : 2,r, J:{
-
-z/
vxap
h.t
Hxap:H^r* h: l0,ZB+4: tuJzu!
rre H,, - arrrbcgeplog- !4,2J_u.
AaBrreHHe
g: \u6tr^f ; h_ raybnua
7'-n
itlSiJ;'ilT.Xil-';.f"fl"T;"t:' npnr: rso
c (no^ra6i.
2);UBOAbI
Y rap. -
Ha BO.IO-
CKOpOCTb
Toraa
- J ' , " 1
-< Hxap- tI*pi '1= t ) , 6n
fft,t ; h: 0, 4u; d-0

vi^p<#(14'23--o,r'),
Pac. 64.

K,.e<Zffi-- BoAoBoAaH noAo6pam


ll'5 ttlcerc' eoprvryna
.t\wLt,ecJrncpeAHfificxopoer.L
noror
pfir{ecKoe AaBJIeHHe HA noToJrKe
KaBr{raruilrcropocrb 'fonrrlHHa
tf ra.u
..::._yT::li
B ceqeHaI_I He AoJrxrra npe_
norpaHHqHoro cnofi B 30
rerlrreparypanb4u l0oC,o:
rXaaa),
ro 3aBHcxrvrocru(2)
H nordra * HepoBHocru
Sopnry.nori(gt)."orao"u F -
H*^p -Hrp 14-- 0,13
H HapacTaHLIfi norpaHHrrHoroc.rrofi, -lE - '= 0,84;
geTa.
accrojrHH^g o: rroBepxH.O.t"
ioF
B.oAo_
?fl-:fru j.f!:!
H*;o11 l:*;*e,s+t,05^-
n npud-lo"
14,+,(npuHa ta6n. l),
C 6ioi. 21.
flpnt sa4auHux pasMepax
r4e €1 r{ €z Ha'Xoar.i" ":#t4*_-,
3aBHcHMocrH- or
nasoB H BoAoBoAar o puc. 36
rroJryqHM:
urru:\-trnni
3Harrerrafi _ v
" T- r rro
r paQ u ra rrl p a c . Bs . B ^.:' -H ,(^p: t,zlt * 0,65X.
frp a J ' : : 216 roa@@ur{HeHrE1--g;41gr
.r t -
x(ffi__')J
OIoIT
L 3000
II -
.np' T offi ==2;rx10r,
X lo-3. TorAa vr:rn.u:
+: z,axLO3 roa@enurreHr €,_rX "
X 1 , 0X 0 , 2 5 : I , l g , Prrc._
65.
' ffi _ 14 *1rrr*. rAe_r(rr,:o,TS npa V/6 _o,g3s
Buue noKa_saub, qrq cKopocrb Ha6eraunrr H (n: l,o r p I { b l h : 5 1 0 , 4 : 1 2 , 5 .
( 'oop)nrucoroft
3 ;;'il ;;h;;ffi;;Ii, lg.lor.E Ha HepoBHOC-rb B na:ra.xeo:]ltnxaer-KaBHTar{Hfi,
TaI( KaK
,,s ,a:/ceko*, paBrra
-
102 - (=O,g+<(*p-:1,18.
103
B
c g s s nc a r E M I - ,
HHx
rpa'en
rpdrefi ccw-o^,,L:-"TuT yiil{ nasa,
vrno;il1;0opruy til:'rffIfl;T"il;."i?tero 3aA_
'0,6 (puc, 36) Taxa'u o6pasou, n rouxe ^,4
Bar{yyMlz""o j B,0g ,6n.n.
,(*p : O,SO
+ 0,65 qa I oH:i:"I"

Tn:*"#.
[f

l;tffi i.f# #*#+".**


)l X 1 , 0X ' O,75: 0,32.. rBJrffercfl Aonycr'MbrM np" or.|i-"o-
HIte lrcK.rp,{aer
oTKp_brroM "fr.Jflo, .;;
:lrr;;;;;;^ffi -v '!\
orKlbl_r:.u3arBo?e.
3arBope.
:::
sro r{o
j"'#
Boe oqep
.qep
ra.
ra
-Tar{ao np"-nJrr'ocTbro
'S,
?T
h"^ 1fle-Hxp:
'!Bali\ t t 5-Ia vp: I0,28-0,
IlJrZS-0, 13:: I0,
13 l0,l I U.

t_t,lunlr"""O""?;,ftP::_"f
*,' #,l. %'T''#ffilH:ff ::i1 I : ::':3.i:.1.i:pjeH6cr
a (ycryne)
n a - -

I{HH- nrbBo3MoxnocrbBocH'
nunyrnoli rtusepxHocra BosHHKHoBeHHff
noBepxpocr' KpaBong*r"i-""".ur'Etr?1rr 3auxap
: ttxcKoPocr'
lu_
66), ec;rn *.*t9cru
;;;:"ngti)IiHMeerc;".po""ot;;;';;';J?t"r1r"f
]ciIH Ha HrureA.F^c ,,^- ^ ')HBoJInHglZHoro
KaBr{Ta_
KaBI{Ta-
l
tir"frLr,ojri
Rorr6nnn n r- F ;5 A#^il';T?i;l:'""an y '"ny^"dii'lrli"*
: : : . l h \
. tIpHy--(-; +t (uepoanocrrnsrcorort
S ttu)
f
-J

trx: : r*jfo o,oo+9,0?r


-'
m." : 10,4-ufcerc,
-l

*t^i_ .atu'
I 8:0,051 npwhtQs:
1f : ,4:0,33, a c:0,04 npn v
t?
0,977. OroH,{areJr6Honor}irruM m-

29 fq6?-
ra6n. 10, xpu-

I
l,;'?!l-'I;:
norpa'HqHo-
+
Z; A\
u:"oT:tfl"J
+";.p_-.yocra ,l,"* l=l JN rn
pnc. 66. ..s
.E 5:{-ol _ Ha grorl
"o
HOCTH BO3HH. ".por_
Cpe,lHsscKoDocrb noroKa pojolg*: lg #-,, np hH
r,M
. . ^eI p
t^ut,.aB'Taq'cfl-'
6 . o ; p ; # ;
l0"c; orirerxiHar-ypgB".* u/cu_l,reMneparyp, *__
" iltpa rrio ?-- BO3MOXHOCTb
I--1,'roa.rni;";;:
i, iLZroMerp'qecroe Boabr
*rJl"}puBHeHHro
.:-- )_ aosHHt(HOBeHHf
svvrrn.\nvl'ct1l,lx

:;' AaBne- IXaBHTaUHH Ha rla3ax n,rOa*O_


;f; Eepuy"r.nn, :19
3arBopa BoAonposoAHor?
"ceI{eHHIr
cocrasasro'raT raJrepenrrrJrro3a
AasneHH" rpt ouarrn_
":.l?rgnKe- (prc--66) n ?oq*er ce,{e-
un"n, op* i no,*v",rop. y2* e_roorxpurnll alA:0,-S
X:::;:;;f{X?H'#J.T
"i,r,onp"-
-
ffi " "1, tr} nOJrHafl BbrCOTa OTBep_

.' +: #[,-("ft)J
: r;b['- &)1
cTHn; 4 -- Bblco
reperaA -ot*Put'""i ;
*,? .HasaTBOpe Puc
67
l fl+:r i1i,'"#ioiij"TJ#.:
: -7,2 .u. H _ _ r c . . "rnool
Hs6uroqHoeraBJreHHe B - "' I c yver oxtp*
rennn 6_vlerno (22) H (n), ToqKe
B clKa'o:.:_.oenwu I_u ood.
cr.,
f 1u nynbcaqH H l ,aa_ 7iuj;:iif?Tio#":,i;""txT.""e
.0.1o. ' reMneparypa'eo4u
TeMnep arypa BoArt
cQepgoe Aiur.Hae fi oa jn
naBrre ,,up I| 0,25 15'cC; ;;;;:
15"

(a:(f),_,
F' z. ^u^-o-p') A.t^,^
;23:X!r'.
=f -3Er"*"
,rY:5,0- T,2-- 3.0,0Ig.16,5: -
B , 0 gt r ,
,.fi,
'1:::

Et
rlapaMerpKaBHrar{HH
no (2) paneH:
H*^p-Ilnr, -18,23
- o,l7
nprtvevBe-rnqrr'a +: 11- -14* -: --57-- -
:4 N H F:60" (p -d*,"*"onpe^er€Ha ne p'c. 32 npuRo : 12 s r,27,
il;;'ri"fi;ora BoAosoA,a) u, h +i-
*:' d
-6 ru6t
Tq6t
l0{ rAe H-"^p- Ha* Huaa:
I I0,28*g: 22,28tt,
't_

.rg
:a+
I05
6)- nponsBoAcrBegHbrMu_

tffi Jl"*';;;;;;;;.-;:'*:ff:lf"#.##;":3i#31il1:
g) THAPOAHHAMHqCCKHMfi - HANHqHCM
AHHAMHIICCKHX H KABHTA-
nosAeftcrs-uftHa o6.,rnqosKyH
l#J:t. $a.,rirpaq'oH*oro
AaBneHHn
' Ec'n' [epBbre ABe.rpyrrnbrufnvnH
Mepe ycrpaHeHbrnpHMenesneor Moryr 6u* B s'aq'Te.nn'oft
cner{Hanrgsixr(ogcrpyKqurio6nnqo_
BOK C NPCABAPHTEJI'HbIM
O6CTOHTNPOBAHHCM HX,
HCTIOJI'3OBAHHCM
flpu.rtozceaue 2
AI4HAMH ITECKHE PACII-ETbT
OEJIHT{OBOK,
B OEJIACTflX BbICOKOHTYPEYJIE.HTHOCTH PAEOTAIOTT{HX
H NPH HAJI UIIHU
KABHTAIIH H-'
r. occosriuenpernocunKnp:rcqeroBH pacqerHbre
cxe'br
rrfl,x B 6oltrulrgcrBe clyuaea 4ln
i or raerrrar{HouHnrx solleficrsHi.r
!r, coorBercrByroquu o6pasoM ga-
'KaitaHHbre 3au{HTHbre-
eyurqru,
fl AByr\r BHAaM eosAeftcrnaft,,Ha
)bITb paccrrHTaHbI:
npHBoAn
rqlrM K M.ecr
Hbr}' noBpe*it'-i;;? "; :;5;iH",l.$ili,il##f:
tt'to pa6oqeir rorru*rHbroo.rarion";, I
;;;;";;;, orBepcr'ft s o6ru_
IIOBKC H T. N.; D
,uil

6) AEHaMHqecKirMsos-reficrB'sM,
rrpHBoAsrrIHM K noflBJre'r.rro
eHaqurenndnx Anuauflqecrinx Hanpfi)Ke Pnc. 68. flpe,qeasubre pacserHhre-
uifr s oarroqo";; ;;"*epyo_
rr{HXr(oHcrpyKrr'n.\, a savaciyn_ , _cxerrbr pa6orar cra*Hofi io6.naqoa_
KH (a) a ..-.r:""J:::i:,_-:",{.1.:.,:ryA:.""Hbre
H K pa3pyrueH'rc;dn;BoK. Bo BpeMeHnHarpy3r(r{
Ha 6.rrroraB rrrHecfi B rrpaKrHKe eKcnJr /-sxcnayataqnorrriuft (6)t-
PJon'r lu
y aT arr.w coopy>KeHnli p aspy- t-.r*--;ffi;;;o-o'
IrreHHfi O6.nu(onoK fiponc-\oAlrJrH "ryu"n;
O6Sr.I'HO o, :pacrrr'pfi rcrr{Hx.n 6erouon u uaLne)KaqaM
o6onx BHAoByKa3aurrbr.x so:Aertcrrn,?. "ourecrHoro 4eftctnax KOHTponeMKasecrBa npo_
Br(rr BbrnoJrHfllorcfl B BHAe pe6_pnCrblx ffi:?Xtru*^":p^T::T.T:.
rlpaBHrro' ro'"p""i, .pynou
..t16^"1:
HeMor(er6um y8rpaHeua, npHqHH,
KaK
rrJrHT,
ral{ra o6"[Hr{oeKH H'6eroni
u ier";;i;i;;;riffi;';ii
r Bce noArrnHTHOenpo_ u&uAar*He sroro BnoJrHeBepoflTHo.
/cMaTpHBaeTcnHH'beK_ yuahno.r .,.;;;p
JIbTO OMOHOJIH Iq-HBAHH,I rr{HxHarrrrr'erorroGret-;"t;;;;;;;""T#;fi
o,, "o:;?it ::, #= _.^:ly^.: 'toHlt;if
a npHqEH?Bbr3brBaro-
cTaJlbHbre o6.nnq.BKrr poeKTHoM HctIOJIHeHHt{ ;ffi ;iX?_
rpysol( coBMecTHo-c 6r
I ae ArHaMHIiIS3RLJX Ha- :ii j^1'*:T::':.r-'T:;"'erHXIIorIocren,npm
pacqeraxo6naqonr(Hrrp'xoAHrcn-";;il;;;;5;,'i";i"ffi
u":'""'T.t?'f#"K'f ffi i?;^Xyri,
yl(a
3aHHoe np.:t-Tl::-: ern ex(eHH e o "ffi?"TTil:l.t
yc'nonHft p a 6oru KoHcrpyKr\un
o6 n nrl;;;ffir.p ax( amrrlHe HaHXyAwutr
.rpBOsHHKaror
BCerAa'-fi rroA o64HUOexa-uH 9rr T:
", H noJrocr' pa3n'q_
H Ha*Irysu,prficilysa* ee pa60ru.
Kax sJreMe'Tbr
nyiro"u t\uw o6nHrIoBKH, paccnrafpHBaeMblc n ntrnar-^,1 Ko'crpyr(-
-.-
"p"i"rio, ----^_-- .--
iii;:11tffi';rf:"t'^to'.nnu sr'r.ynyiror o6racnq;;;;'rpeMn oAlan
nrlItIr -- nn^
ABa nopriaxa u"
a) rexuororH_rrecK'lrr - yca4rcofi ao4oc6poga.c o,q,*rornnnr""
".,iir", ilap,
-"tJrocrn
6e,roua H TpyAHOCTfMH ,,poH'r(- BaTenbHo,c. oAHorHnuoli*o"arp'y,
pacrnopaBo H rrlerr' np' .flrnocrb no.riyuntn r
ffffilffi"rleMeHr'oro "4" 4er?crBaTeJrb
tro oAHoMyoJreMenr.yo6.rnrIoBKH,
106
707
iriafr ii naii.rryvniaipac,rer'Lie
cxeuri, He rax ylK-Ma.rr.a,
KaK uoxer
noKa3arbcfl.Hanepnuft B3r.nflA.
npeAe.{bHbre pacqernbrecxeMbrpa6oru o6.nn(oa_
,." fl"r:
(pn_c. %KBHbre
68):
oMoHonHqeH_a
c MaccHeoi\,r6eroHa
n" l;?*:y:,:": .TTTg._11o*.*ay';;;;:u;; il*i;;ffi:
?'.i;::1,::Ti1113opo"
rI.HMeer'no
rI .HMeer'no
i; i;;il; '; ;,,iffi:#:Tipu*nu.".
orHoruerraro
oTHoIxeHHlo K
r { rHeMy
hi.fl",1'j"1.#t
""0''"3fJf#;"T":,*^3*;^;iq-d;-;''.,ilI,i"'ff
{ A r r ^ ' sasop,
' 2) o'nuuoBKa He np'Jreraer x 6eroHy
c 4 D A ^ apanuwit
, rlf
a------e- t- H rrMeero"""pa""e,
ho. 'ou{ee soAy B roAnJrHTHoM coeA'_
rpocrpar,.iru roroKoM.
" "lr"rnrnuM
jX**::,:^_.j^u{^Tl.rvrAericrBnnKaBHrauH
") ,?Tff
K ;l;,T:#nnnoxoro
Hp€yd'rbraroM
f i,i?, KasecrBa
Hoe oTBepcr'e' HeKaqecrBeHHafl
paoor io;;;ffi;;?#,1#r
a"apxa
--"'-- "'rur

"")_*1.-,
HMerbMecro
hn : 0 2-x npeserrbHan cxeMui, ,ii n' npn-ho-+'o';"ff;;: KaKnpnio:Q
f;ffiH^i'";:1.:_.jJuj:j_iT.I
H or)KHMaercq ;:\i:,f;;l
*ffiJ;;.orpbrBaercr or 6eroua $n.nrrpar{HonubrM
re,rn Pprrpo
e- B cxeMaxc orBepcrreMcunx(aerca
Pnc' 69' t{acrnu'e^:{y-:11 L_*:y:rroBHo,
aBneHHeB. cnJry ApeHHpoBaHHfl*noAtrnarHofi $a.rrnrpaunoHHoe
?-f, npe.{earHofi cxe-vu pa6oru
nonocrr{ eig}r orBep-
cranbnblx o6auqoaor -
a-n,utra 6es oreepcrrrfi; d_n_rnra c
. Eo3yoxnar eqpva -qHHaltrqeeroe oroe_pcrtreu; _- _ _ _nepBaf,
oreep.rn"n ennorpaqHouHbilx
roficrsax 6erosa creneHb ero.o." r*"""
;3ih"p#";Tr:;r"r11..i11y:taf
aefop.""rtflE o6euqosnr. #i ;;*;, [fi,j:Trt"1t?H;X
*;rj: H rr
p IrHnrru o BHHMaHr,re. oAnaxo
u"t"t:-t lf; iiiii'o?
.3-3a fff,,, norloxeH
cryqafiuocrn :l:.1*
^^ !I pia""-p'""_
.ny;i
3" : ] :Y T ^":^99{l u*oBr y r ericray* s",gxcnny ar aqHoHHor\{ ;;dffiffi;tffiX;
",ogl,Tj:,T:
:
o.roMerpHqec ::I
Koe a 9r r,"
"Al ""L "o
n-n;
= "I e,il
;;
l" n i il;,# l
";;?ifif
l,"Tf un,nrHoro
; ilf : T" :l: #3"I g:f
Hcx oAn: br
:9"
x s::.i
Ha"_:::?" p-;;,"
e_n
-p HHr pasMepos o6nn-
Hfi ; "i*1;;;J"#
se' ;uEl,;"::.
3L
noToKa; " #;3" : J:ilJ.
6) Qn.nrrpallHon.Hoe AaBJreHHe po
urelt 6etoH a $a.rrrrfytorrtefi B HeM. co cropogbt BoAbr,Hacblrrrarc_
B crponTeJrbHoM cJryqae,KorAa pn: 0 n p+ _ 0, tta-o'nurloBf{y
a,ericrny6t ai"reH'e r{eMeHrHoro-pacrBopa
Hee nocne 6ero'apoBaH'fi. HdsasHc'Mo pss, H.berrHpyeMoro 3a
6, ,ipn""roft cxei,,rh
nnft !..nuaMn,recxbftpa6orsr o6.,rnqoBil"; or""rn, pe6pa. H ycno-
AgnxHbr 6urn_craiaqecxa paccq'Ta"r H apKepa
Pn, ptp H Puo-Bo BcexBo3Mox(Hbrx Harpy3.K
c_oqera'Hax "u.BOCnpHfiTHe
(c F;;;'pl*urn
ioHa e l.-ri .*:y:-_lpH po> p;i. o.-
d;;;;.'i.ro",
ocHoBe'AeftcrayroruaxHopM,npeABapurb.nrHo BbrrrorrHseuunr Hur
HbIe pa3Mepbro6nnqonxn (ro:Tll_1 onpeAeJrqrercflocHoB_
pe6:P-H aHKepoB, pa3yep na'erefi) p;;;;;
Kpenqu{HxooJrgr.{oBKy .
x 6eroHy. "
coopyryeuaah ) pd,,'paererbrn'tfr ,".,o#Y:i::-t"T:.1lyTi-1i"i 2. \nnamueecrnfi pacqer ofarqoarn
Ntolr(HocqaTarb gaKoHqeHuunan,
l

crleTHafi cxeMa npeBpaqaeTcq


BO

108
109
H sanoJrneHaBoAgfi
c sreuaan, eHrrIhIM
.4yneM ynpyio."n nprrBeAeHHbIM o6reuualM rocrpaHcrBe'Haa qacrora>, padr.*;2-o-.{nEHa
Mo-
soa'br Bosryrue*Hfi B noro Ke,il;
:, (ar)r/ro- Iucneporr
€nP:€o--L 1*rurou, crar.4apra) nynrcaulrrr
'' J' "n raBJre*rrr,
hot r' ?Y" (46)
I
,-xLy ,rz; .so'(ar): "i$l- uopuupoaanrbrrt
fAB 8o : 6P' cnenrp nyrrbcaqarAaBneHHa.
--T+ npnBeAennufi
Morynbynpyrocrrr.BoAhr ,rrrrrrofr TT-^---.-

'f:--
noA g yse- "" c onbIro M, qro cr arrrroHapHH
TOitt COIepXaHH"
"*
;tr:,iT:i,T,::,::,
yuairtrue npoqeccbr :::l::::."-1'orrol
nynbcaurrn e
es = !. lsa rcec/cn{-r*y;^iii;,
*r"h*f; l*--:otoyl", nonS'outsroo6re
slrejrou{ero o6reuuyro
l::_?'lOt KoHr
jonqenrparrnlo
a6co.rr1rrno"
-__: .'z-nr'o4y.rrn 66tenrpou vnrr'nm+,.
a6nnn^-,,^^ a"rnern"
;;t;;?"J,?,lfft"Sn-
}jJ!
vnpyrocrri-"ayj c
HopMan'HoMy
t;;"};:olif",,,$: usxuir
::Xii:.""uJf,1:::.:T;f
r( ,
:#):r*pacnpeAe.neHnnBeponrHocrefr
l5;"ff#::,T:.jt1l_noAnn,r"{,,,,;:f":,,rtiolTT*::I*..fi;._
Hoito6aac'rnprr.X:!:.ry_';;:;#:l:,#;"^#";"'o#?"f [26,zn 1"..""u"J;;;;;;:::"iffiT]
l:i;i:]TlTiffffi:?,l.,"#{{l'::i;#:1",#';:ii;:;k?_o{e1l.o6reua-roArnar_
aqurrrp
*$taqltlt -erori
aHHqerdrio6.rri
rpa'Hq cil io##Hiij:"ffi
o6.rracrrr "#A3iol
roei'oHlrr raHsryrr
6"'d"96*'il*noon,*_
M pacqeTe He paccMarprrBanrcn)
[i." a"Oop- ..
. ---
oorrrr.,"'o,1i
,rcecliui-iT
t p_acqera ri.,rrrrbrKpoMe aHsop_
# ; ""
oH:?T:'
cneKrp
eHIa
;.ff i:,T::::,"^:1.
rpy3*r ueooxoArr.ro,"ur,
ii:1tl .n;il'ffi;*"Hi;
#:: j|.',^'j:'-:
f :]i;,.:"i.(cnerrp
;##' nyrbcauHn ^.:T:":;t". qacror'
uE cne,.p
;llixf ean.Teuufr)s" (rt aMeer
"u"rrt"JJf
co6crneuHhre qacrorbr rione6asuii
n.rrlrru B BoAe npu6nu>xeHHo
peAe;rsrorcff no *
eopnryne:

toor: to"
ho-
. pnc. 20.
Cxelra nnuTb[ rc ,qnnaunqecr
Pacqervo6-
*-,;"fi,o::T:i'i.';..o'Y
BCN.A'{HHA LVO
'och,.: (H-4)
AON}KHA 6UrS
PACC'HTAHA B I(AXAOM KOHI(PCT- { -4"-co6crses*Ereou""J* rore6aH's rn'rbr B
(u"..nt:":tpl): D - urrarrs.rpnqecxan
i:"]'ffi;ffi::HHW;f :|";;tff*#!oen*".i;=l'is'aqe'a,uu'^^;\'l,l
I' a 5,7-. - ;;*'*'[il;"ffiil: )u
---'-r*
)Kecr^ocr'
r'vPrvr nuJrcuaHulr-
l-Lf
ii",',l;;#f;"*il:;;*,a-e,on";;6,.;IT;TffiH,.9"""19f#:a Qopn
r
I(O3@$AUHeHTbI
_-^_, _BxoArrulHe @opuyny (47)
ren^D rh^^,- xo,re6aHra, B SABHCHMOCTII OT
KpaeB fY.no"
paccqarblsaeMoft raHeJrH np'uoi"T.lt;l";;. 22.
.tofrf,fffl'#;t B pearrbHbrxKoH-
' or cpapH'rerb' ueonpeftetteHHo,saBr{c'r
591oj"tto
)ep H rrIHrbI,.yc.nonali Ta6iu4a 22
nlrx pd6ep H Ap. 6erouapo"i- ffoaSSnuuenrbr\,kum
rfi or yc'ttonufr__<<noqrrr.mapngpa>
-'":fr
ycnobnli x-ecrrr

ih"#""#i.*ffi
Ao

ffiTr"?Jjtfj*ffi;:*:#;
Aon)r{Ha 6urs a.rr nponua"rrr'p€rc-qera
5ua11'
_i"" I 4,730
mh Hnu mE

crBegno_BpeMeHr{o.o- n @opge-npocrpag_ 0,536


u [yrrbcaq"o 2 7,953 o,414
raeMOFO pacqeTavKa3aHHr#
"n"*-"p ^-oi.Tp Jtenr4n. X,ns npeA"na- 3 0 0,430
[peAciurrr"urc.rr I0,996 0,177
--- -B u")
BHAe 4 1.4,036 . 0 o,470
Sn(r, x) :Sp (xUn):##St 5 17,1736 0,50
rAeo .: Znf_KpyroBasqacrora (ro), 6 0,112 0,50
20,316 0
rynbcarln'o^"nu"r1u-rlji,",*.r .- 7 23,456 0,50
{JK-(cKopocrb uepe'oqa qacrora,eq: 8 0,095
BosM)rrre'xir>,.ufcerc,i tj 26,596 0,50
a._ :':::::
-'taog'ogoe l- 0 0,50
trl -qrgJlo>
ur'
110

1U
<<flpncoeAnHeuHufi caori>>
BoAbr lL,r,k.n rr lt,
:::::::^llI"puuo*rsoio'-."n"p"J'?i")t;['."^'l"X:{}"ooJl"ff
orpeAenfleTcfl c:JleAYrcunu
o6pasou:
xole6aHae iT,Yi
[JrHTbr,
^\ co
a) ^^ cropo'br
^--
noanr"r"#;;crlr ro Qopuy"rre.
h' _-0,3
njo:fi'm[,r\{; (48)
co croponbr rpaH3urHoro
9] noro Kz, tt, n
I'Iuercrcs
kluesoreo ;H Apyrue,
r,h,,F,,^ -tt -'o rpaQarcy pnc.7lt.
Aocraror{Ho MHOTOqIICJICHHbIC
HeHHbIx
H C H H b I X Macc)>
M A C C ) >BOAbI
BONAI
;;';il',".::ff"1"".fi:
AAHrIb[C AN,I

ffinp :
319cu Pn$)pn?L
FB(r)r,- *o,{u"nffi
lT',,:i"i,:,!;yl*!
::f.J^"*j.:...'!i'' "Tf'"""?i',i|i"orlneAe.nnen'rufi
_r";;";:ff;;;J-, Llj:i "?.::?,:,lblrr,a,r3r,r-
l;T;i:TlH'fil?;'"ff..,T*HIX"l"li:*l',*r!!lLd"f;l7TTl,lHT,lF,'i$:T:
reptluit
nn .nltnefigal"l
nr' ), n
5- .!lI
Yvr/ruq A{rireuaIIHH
reop";,;;;;;;,
Hollepa kn;
fH Hollepa kn; L -
HeKoTopr,ui xapix.
HeKoToDr,li nenar.-
n.r nu
u6op
6op* - o,oioio J.f
3il'j." j::;"T.:"g vf# i :T::^'l f:l_. - o4,,u H3pa3rrepoB
:",, "'"f ffi#;#:t# i rXHH,,lo",ff"dfllJ-, ffi i : ::
nt*,t
014

Ta6-au4a 2J
Koa$QuqHeHrbr apa H ttt
,'Jrs sallleuneHrofi nnurH

J B I
-1,
,1,
"l*
I
,f;
. Ls/8 = Lr/8. o,t
b>0,t9
r C=0rtB
e 4-*iL*
DnpHcOeIHHeHHoro c,IOfl. Borlsr
A.ltq o6aHrIoBoK.
Cssss ltan H h'oo H3 npaBexeHr

bHo oTHOCHTbcfi K.TO_My, rrTo


npH_
rp aKrepHuft
_qasivrep L,- np aBHJrbHo
. 3HarreHua ho* npaHarue B Ha_
cTofrqeM pacqeTe.

t fpaQur (Doo-_ co6crseHHafi qacToTa,


,qaeT3HaqeH,* h,, anq l-fi xapaKTepnafl Anfl npoqecca
$opnrrr xone6atrufr(k:1, n:l).
I{Hbr.\3Haqesnith H n B neptoM-n1i"*"r*enair HoBeHH.fi[yJrbcaq%y B noAlJrHrHyn [poHr{K-
Anx
seaaqiii no, cneryer
AeJrHTbua kn. IrIaAbIo
fo; r" - oorcnr"-rfr--u." o6aacm
ll2 s _ yffff:#T:9ff"r##l:
uo4br;
8
rt8
t
.::',vxarlo-rlocrb,
llil;i;;[i*o,"i:::: B noArnHTHyK) HHn xo.n e6aH' ii Aaeneut n rrpH opo_
puc. T2. nf"ii"r"eunri no rpaSHry lloc.ne BbrnorrreHrr yKa3aHHbrx onepaqrJfr
nporlr6br, nonepeqHure
CI{JIbI, HSTH6AIOUIHE MOI\4CHT'',
@:tttn qJrenbltfiopuy.rr,r PCAKIII{H, ONOPUdC
HANP')KC}IHfl H
,,*#fJ, (4g) uueror Korreqrrbre T. A,, r. e. .nrc6bre
xapaKrepacTnKnAgnaMa,recro*AirOop*iuonn
' StIaqeHHtt, ,, on-
a) s nepBoMsrerre coorBercrByrcqne HaMHqecKoro Hanpflx(eHHOrO cocrotrHl{fi
ee TogKax, nJIHTbr Bo BCex
s aaml2; qJreltbr cyMM
odpauqarcrclr uoryr 6urs onpeAeJreHbr B BUAeBpeMeHHbrx cneKTpoBno QoprvryJre: _
6) no BropoMtt..l. onn hn

e) e vereeproMrrfleue oilfaurarorcflB 1ynr,; . - SR(:) : Sp'(')'


"p? Dnp(k, 4 n\p'xo (d REn,
ou" o?puqaroTcflB d*m X ( 51)
sirr v/2. Fn:l
$o,6 qecKoro.
ff* j:n.:::.? gp-"-rr6, Har pnxeHHoro cocr oqrrH,r,
ttn4
"o I
It 1: .ffi f;:f#,i;T j*:::1.::::,:, :::,j: I {_1T
I T"
uouerrr,-;;;*u,;;;i;:;:;"d^;:'#;il:
ur r!, t\-
\ #:.H":R?o?l
Xffi
Jl""X.#?-J:#f3,::'HT,"1"p::!:il1;_';d;;;;"'o'uuliJ,ilj.l"
- - - ' - " r " ;;;
:
;;;ffi#;'li",:i'ill?:
ton*o:
(D,,n Bbr3brBarourax
B b l 3 b l B a t o u l a x xxsrru6
r,-o,oqff::o,-ofs Bnt.rrcneHag
srru6 n
noo <eopue>
< 6 o n u e > &n.
no
Fn

Q,05

I
I
d AHTcfl.o6u.rHHrvra K'rt=z
Me- i I +ffi
u,6 ho/L c roAaMH crponrenb- i |
Puc.72- OnpeaqreHrre
| V/2 J4+-Y lS
C\:

roeesr(neHroB 3aTyxaHHr
t
nprr

trilxr:Tf"d:;t
. AltHaliltqecKo.u pacqeTe.

*.#,
Au.HaMwuecrur
csoricre nJlHThr
BeAercf,lpu noMorqu
Rbrpa- l ^..,lFl
. CTATHqCCKHE
rpy3l(H
M c)

b
n e . n q v n H o If i ill-ttlT-1 nl l-r
Ifepkn(.):
r_,:_
-

/T
|
, .(.,1) | rceclcnz, pa6npeae- L-
JIeHHbIe no nJIOIIIaAH
lu
rn'o'no HoHepaH
Qopn )
L__
- daz x
-
_
Ta'r^, qro6u L= L,
r-re 6or, - BbrgBarb |. W |
,fl'ffff'"Xr"rl,tH:o;i,s-;';;'B',ff
xosssrlqrfe-HT 3ary.\aHrrs,
3aBlrcau11l1ii
J:"##:,iHi'"Hff sa
,ffi1^H,[?.1
,:l'"#i::f Qopnarr- usrr6a cHa- |. L:,.,,
);,':
- dnnn
HoMgpoB k Pnc-'TJ.
rt'nn ebrqacner*rr cpeara.x :u-"u C x e r r a n D H J r o x { e H u n o o u * r ' r nu l , v ^ T - F , ,

Hanpr*."n,t ..
r(BaApar'qrrbJ*3H arreuwfi
(cran4ap-
(n4onrren",rr"1, o".*,,'*'';i;1.:""lTfr"TJf;1.;ff;T-il'il"fili
e oilo;ri''ou*"nrr'rbrnp' ycrroB'rr " ctwrc ftPr.'
n;;i;,;i;;l,!T,T.,i^:IlT:,1T,"x1?J;:;:l;:f
L33fgT|,:i;-'?H,IH SareM HoMepoB n
(noneper re'rcuaa). cxenrbr
tracror o, rAe_!treKTp *J*ilxffi:
nyn'Caua'
'a'o HMeer rrery/reBhre
c HoMep aMn n H K Aatbr ua ouc.
-BenuqHua Ra?-uorn".r"l:::l
rrpHrr_o)Ke'HflHarpysoK B cooru"r.r"nii,
TB.
'on" 'i
ffffi:lJ;:;:til *' ,*noiiuorror-r,rori 3HaseHHn AJrfr TepIrcrHK HanpffxeHHoro cocroflHrla
a.nreop^anqecKaqcyMMa xapat(_
{oprvruxoae6aHHn Ra ;-h_.r, Bb,rq[cfiegHbrx cra-Tpr-
BuqacleHan Be.yrcfl r,Jtrr nu6pautrsrx )B npHJrOx(eHHrr eAHrrHqrrbrx Hanpy-
:li#lJ'T,;-ff:t-l in u 6*11,"*hrMH B coorBerc *BHH c. Korr_
y"iourr*^ npb'saoAcrBa HOMeprc H n.
j:i;:ffi:"iix#,f
nn,,rso,i"6", ";tr#:fl b floryqeHo sHarreHHecpeAr{eKBa_

BbrsHcneH ntx3; ;";T:Fliil:


r.rftpexor&ay"rcauso6p
on nYnbCaIIHH lrCxouoir xapaKTe-
ro6.nnqoBKn ro
ar;;; ip apnve.*.il,, Qopnay"rre
;it" ;
&:2 J
S" (<o)do. (52},
0
115
cfl BeCTIIrpaQoa Ha.:rHTHqecKH,
Bb{_
rallAapTa on nprr rropMaJrbrroM
3a_
:eli nyJrbcaqnn cooisercrByroqefr
cocTocHHq BMecTec AaHHbIMH
CTa_
AaBJIeHHe Po a P+ ft. I npanoxe_
qerbr Alruaunqecnoli
npoqHocrH rr
TeMH )Ke .MeT0,IalrH,_ KaK H AJrrl
r, B ycnoBlrflx
-pa_6orarcullni noebr-
nH.
K BO3MO;*(IIOCTII tecfr cnyqaH [IJtaBHot{3MeHfl}onrp-
NOflBJtCI{Hfl
) paspytuerrnfl KoHcrpyKqgw
o6nw_
OCTA. JPuuHblx_ru'fi;"il#ffi :{ ?i:lHffiXTts
H III ru_noB-
|Ipoqli.
oAHonparrrbrx IlaKc
Hrua,0,,*, g : x'l:ffi# lenfieTcfl ycnoBHflMH r
nyrr.urlnn
AaBneHHfirra
" ^1..1I :lqi:Xd
xerr'oro cocroflH'fl,onpeAe.,,seuornnll
nb eopuy"ra t+,?6i
it HIT
-'..' I paBHoMepHoro no"o*uloeflHfr' B norpaHHqHoM

- tO2,l4lngV-5, rynbcarrHH{ aBJreHuit,


Rr,,,r*" xap ar(TepHbre ;,Jtfl T aKnx
(S3) Ha piec. 74, a. Ha srolr
r:e lV:vo?"otf" p[cyHr(e
oo.reeeeporrHuir --ll-lqerrroe
Bpe.\tflsKcrrJryarardilH;
3a KoroJ)oe3btrrrrc-,taercrr 6e - noxa3aHbI ttoptnJoBaHHbre B [onynora_
rra*crrra.:rbrrr,iir
or'oxparirrrft;6p* lra'_ cKi{e>>cneKTpbr <<sHepferHqe-
xapa^reprrcruxrrR;

- Y o{: " + , (54) e(s): --.f(tns),


R #t
- - .
-c -." _-
r @B - .IaCTOTa,
'lp : Z (a) d'. "BeAyilIafl' orBeqatou{afi Mar{cHMyMy
" J,rS*
d - (bJ) - \ / --,f (.tn
:.:.J'")_: a); op
\',' @r,. c _- craH,(apT n_y^g1caara, eyHrqar
Irrtu cnertpa.ro'ofi
cneKTpa.'ronofiri,nor'".;;-;i.r;;'riili:irjX?lun
fiaoruocrri.iyri.uqr H '"" s ('),
AaBneHHl-r; 3 (") - ey'r-
3Hat{eHae
oznbnpe4eJlfieTcfl
cnoco6ona,aHa"To'r{HurrBbrqlrcreHr{ro naBtre'u.- -
Hoprrlaponxa. npeAcraufleMbIX
Sn. crreKTn^D e /^\
?,:?*; ;p;;;;"ffi;:#J,."J""f;ff:. rrlouraAb
-
trp^ pacqerax y3.rroB3aKpeilneH'r
oep g aHI(epoB.r naHerrrr) cfleAyeT
o6;r'uoeoK (xpenneurre pe_ ""* " paBrraeA'rr'r{e:';.1: r(oopAHHdr?["J*
9(s) : f(lns) :jl*"mqaerc'r
rpaQnra
HMerb B BHIy, rrro Bo MHorH.\
c'flyqaflx ro.rue6auns coceAHrx
naue;reff o6r,uoeox Moryr r{axo_
'll'r'cfl B rrpor'BoQaee npyr
Apyfy. nortt,ry y3Jbr 3aKpeuresuri
H CBapnbreuBbr B HHXneo6ioa-HMo
C 3a[acoM paccqrrrbrBarb rra BOC_
rrplrfiTHeyABOeHHOTb Anu a t HqecKoro nsru6 aroq{ero }IO^VeHTa, C.ae4onare"rlbllo,
BO3rrH_ Ka)I(Aafl (
T:l:a'; ;*"ov
;il Br pHrrqr o .',1#lli? j:f yt-"'- i'l i:' g srreprerH-
KarcrueroHa Korirype paccqHTbrBaeMori -nu"u"er
o6.r'uo;r.;; onpe_ :ja
irr: "-
nru "
fl:::t*oto
H3 Qopuy"'rrr (5i) rrp' coorBercrBeH'brx
3HaseH,nx 4a'rrori "
:?,{ifiilJiffi Jti,i"d&H;
".."'X';:.-;
B rex cJryqarx,Kor.{a rco.ne6anus ;::if'fl$l^".'#.:#X#
socrsnepeA .Haqano"
l:*,::1o o,o6u,
;;-.*":: ryfi;ll, H::[f#TAarbBo3Mo,K.
lra.xoAfircx.n #lTlT;
QaseApyr c ApyroM,B
nepepesbreanl.uHe
ipoplle' ueo6xo4auo onp.a* urn "il##.;,
rin .ua"n"o,* r'ApaBnHqecKHx
!9:lrbcfi crrrrbr, ou.ilty oa H cra'.ran,r nrrnL^or-r.,
BBOIHTb B pacqer. ioo, u 'u**"il::^i:l:u,u
I:':"::...:::Tltt{yto>>
,sill? n, o.uuneuun
F^- -
*c,i ot ur""-*l do!ff3itov"u.rq
o noro*oBMo)r(Hoper(o
3. Harpysxr,4eficraynure Ha od.nxqoary o,, dffi :T,?"fiTt MeHAoBarb crre-
2q^'
:rreKTpbrnyJrbcauHHAaBJreHHfi l) : 0, 13 -i 0,1g,
rra p#' rAe (Joou: u ya-
H AJIfr.OTBCTCTBCHHbIX cKopocrr norora
SJICMCHTOB
-3KC[epHMeHTOB HerocpeAcTBeHHO Ha paBHOMepHOuepoxoB,"o^n^
:aTb
^IIpH rroMorrlH [oBepxHocT' (npn
x [12, 28, 24, ?g,+n. An'q oraerr,_ (;"k fi?Hffi :}i *m" vrcasarro
s i - zisi':;.\'i";ieKoMeH-
r prpacqerov.f2T,2gl. :IopHbrx noroKoB
1t6 il3|;ili.noroKoB cc- 6onsru"*-""ti[il:illi#,-'#X':;#"
6o.nr,,,.^!,:r/:.!1":"
npHHHMarorcfr. Anfl 6esHa-
Yi,ff'.,::
tr7
- 2) Beayurlle qacroTri os Anfi nnaeHbu3MeHflrouluxcfl noroxoB
onpeAeJrrrroTcf cooTHorrreHHfl
MH:
t'tgh
' = 3,0 .4n.s paBHottepttoro ycraHoBlteluefocfl noro*u. '
, O
(o.,
= 2.10-*(1".= 20"C) ana norpaHu'lroro crrofl.
U;i;
' 3Aecs O
n h- cpeAHffr. cKopocrb H rny6uHa paBHoMepnoro no-
ToKa, v - KnrreMarnqecrufi xosQQarr.neHrBflgKocru BoAbr.
B rex cryqaflx, KonAa npa nnaBHon3MeHflrorrreMcr reqegnn no-
flBJIIIIOTCII OTAeJIbHbIe MeCTHbIe OqarH KaBHTaIlHH HA HepOBHOCT'TX
(np_rEo_ToM,otreBHAHo,pa3Mepbr KaBHTarrHoHHbrx3oH oKasbrBarorcfi
na l-2 nopflAKa nneHllue, rreMrenepaJrbHbre pagMepbr paccrrnTbrBae-
,voft nalrerg o6,THlloBKH. L*xLu), ennsHr.re Kar,HTa\HH Ha cneKTp
nyJ[bcaqHHAaBJIeHufiuoxHo B nepBoM npn6"nnxcensg He yquTbrBarb.
.
B c.nyuanx pe3Ko HepaBHoMepHbrx (orprrnuux) reuenvr,ftxapaKre-
pHcrHKH nyirbcarrHH BecbMa uSMeHqHBbrH 3aBHCffT OT yC.nOnnft
o]'pbrBa noroKa. Han6o.nee qacro Bcrpeqalou{HMcq s soAoc6pocHbrx
flrApocoopy)KeHHfx BHAOMTar(OrOTeqeHHfl qBrflercfl o'rpbrB rroroKa
or -rroporoB, ycrynoB, 3arBopoB, nasob H T. A. Bce gra cryqaH cBo-
Aqrcrr, B rHApaBnHqecKoill orHolrreHHH,x o6pasoBaHHro nucororyp-
6yrerrrrrofi 3oHbr pa3AeJra (<cnox crueueuan>) Mexqy tpansurHoli
crpyeft H BoAoBoporryofrsoHori. flynrcauHr. LaBileHnfr B ernx cJry-
rratlx oflpeAen_flercfl,B- rrepByro oqepeAb, rHApaBJrr{,recroft xap.rnHoft
(ny.nlcaunfi cxopocrn) s C.noe cMerueHnff, a raKx(e pac.rroJrox(e-
rtHeM no orHotreHHro K CJIOIO CMeIrreHI,rfrOrO yqacrKa o6ruqosr<n, Ha
KoropoM onpeAeJrflercs n)ryrbcarlna4anneHnfi.
HaniueHee 3aBHCr.tror ycloenft, B Koropbrx npoHcxoAnT orpbrB
IIOTOKa,QOpua HopMHpoBaHHbrx 3HeprerHrrecKHxcneKTpoB rJrff or-
pbrBrrbrx re.reugft B AoKaBHl'arIr4oHHbrx pex(HMax. OHa rrpHBoAI{Tcs-
rla pnc: 74,6, a I 4nr_pffAa cryqhen, nec.rreAoBaHHhrx reoperaqecKn H
3I(Cn ep HM€HT3.,'IbHO. '6o.iree
llpn KaBurarrr{H B HJrr4MeHee pa3Bnroft craAau eoprrra
cneKTpoB AocraroqHo cylrlecrBeHHo rr3MeHflercq (puc. 76, e, d, e).
ocrtosHoe Hs[,{'eHeHHe. 3aKJ}aqaercfl B 3HaqHre.nruoft HHTeHcHQaxi,
IIHH CneKTpa B 30He BbrcoKfix qacror s : :u 1,0, a raK)r(e e 60rr-
>
lrrHHcrBe cryqaeB B yEeJrHqeHHHCaMHX BeAyqHX qacror H craHAap-
TOB nyJrbca[un.
fpa0uxoM pr{c"74 voxuo norrbsoBarbcfiB cryqae 6esranopHoro
TeqeHHfl creneseftpacuHpeHHfl3a 4OUHlrMycrynoM.-
H MaJrbrx
ldaHnue rpaQHxapwc.74,e rpnroAnbrraK)Ke Ailn npH6nnxeHsoft
oueHKHcneKrpoBHa roprtenoftcreHKesoHbrorpbrBa (Ha sarnope). 0h
t A;ln ropqa ycryna uJrHHH3oBofr
norepxrrocnr 3aTBopa onpe4e.neHreUh sa. I
TpyAHureJrr,Ho:pacqerbrno $oprrryne(49) lre npoBoAnrot. I
I

o -o.,, arnorrarr",.j
I npo.io-!r,Hrre rpl
I
118 D-roqtia, s i;oi
I floBepxuocrb 3ai
1
aHTrrHliaBnrauiq

I I
I
I
as
\..-
. \
Efg'
tl
a/, s
s-
s

s
s a--
\--
tt-
:< ._

i, ()
i
i
i -i:.*'.
I .iib
c\. i
il

< r +
e \ - \ ' ( . J

-\cD - .
{\t
3f3' r!

sis
fl
v> aJ
sq)

.*
=;-
F

\-
icol=:1=j?-
l-H-r

I
t--
3-- 3 (.o
$
\1

st

t.

F
rbr .nyJrbcfqerft , pasrrHqgbrx
) oqerinrt creayrorqr* cJry-
oOpusoM:
roB H noporoB,a TaoKe
fpbrBnorbra 3a_sacrnouo AJIficxeM,
or*pr-
hg,: li - itg

hp: hg

ho
\:; :0,
2

4
gufrr*
Puc. 75. Xaparcrepa::^1T ..I
r(y rrpn nHeeanHoli ly*cauL{ -aaBneHan ra ooanqb _
' ,t - y q._.-^
acToK
pacuupenr.ru
--t -'r'rrr r[oroKa
ru l (JKil
rranirpnr,ri no; 6;;l a;;t ( o"::''
gr'll- ItA k^T^^^,- ^j^^
ilX "
-
uT g:_.1 r,,bca qHs; - - - _ 6er_
_n
"XJlff ""J.i.:{ tr(cTPrrrorrgtlrrs r|e AoflycKaeTcf;.

l'*r f;i:[;fii|il;*ffii#::11n)' ne4vrq::


y.*r'r (08Hcrarr.
jf
,?H."; ' vn rrPEAeiIZ:x
uenu"i,;"ir1*".#,"Ji?"J_lH'"iH:XlX.lffi'#:,':J5
opblx. MoN(Ho Hcnorb3oairu "
eHH pn.-'26, cn€
;.";;ffi;',:'3fif# lirt+ffm:ru l:qaMerpoB, B Ko-

;;r";;;
u9
6esnanopioro reqd'Hfi srn BenEqEHu c.ne.qyeTB repBoM
npn6nuxe_
rrHH yMHO)KarbHa (r-0,64)- ECnn n soHy orpbrBa noro*a rroABo_ 2ro
AHrCfrBO3r)'-\ (n.nu oxsAaeicff = 0,65 +- (ii,40,npaseM
BbrAeneHr{g pacrBopeHHoro BO3Ayxa 6onnrune sHaqeH'fl orrrocffrc,
H3 BOrbilBc.lelcrBne pe3Koro cHH_X(eHr{flocpel,HeH'oro K rorr-
^T::::t.:{:rl:H Hos6ragr cepeAHHbr
4an.neHri"t; ;; "*-
nprr od"e.'ruorl Korrrleurparl'r{ Bos,qyxa e ioHe frlT;#.:\"#ll.1y cJroncMe_
qeHnfloB, npHBeAeHHbre orpbrBa Ao I o6lo L'ri
Ha pac.- 75, ctegyer yMHo)r(arb na l,l, a 3Ha_ oTpr{Ba
OTDIJBA [oToKa.
NNTTTI('
;";""'ff;T.';T".;,f-;
,A--
-\ m,:4,0(no,uu J)
7--f

0,2 0,4 0r6 0rg t,o t{/K*


u+s)h
I
2 /, r
4 e
I

pnc_i6. fparpara
H3MeHe_HH.gcrau,[apra [ynbcarlnu AaB-
' ''en;ui na creHKaX 30Hbr orp'Ba
n eisacuMocr'
-;;;;;::
or cra-
.Irrir xaBurau'H B ToqKax, yraaaHHux
";rry
q e H H f ic r a H r a p r o B
coorBercrBeHHo Ha (l,lS*0,54)
Holr rr Ha (1,15*_0,8q) npn_6esuanop- 4' Aono'nnHTeJrbH're yKasa'fiq
rianopHom rese'u'.
rpu
p'crrft\rrnv.rbcarlu'AaBJreHnfi' Xapaxr.e-
ua ropuinofi cre'Ke B 30He orpbrBa ll K npoBeAe'Hro pacqeroe
o'lnqonor

76) .: flpzeeAeHrrbre per(oMeH


ejr:' Mox(Ho onpe4e.,r'rb, HcxoAn Hs Auy! ro HaFpy3KaM ua o6nuqoBKa.Moryr
Sru^' !:^ coorHorueuafi t: rrcfroJrb3'Barbcfi AJrfi KoHTpoJrfl
= 8'0' tt auannsi coorsercrByroq'X
= 0,05. Ha 6oxosori creHKe, i+
pHMeHTaJIbHbIX' sKcne_
d r* orpaHarr'sarcqerr F AaHHbtx o nyJrbcau'flx AaBJreHHft,
no"rryuaeMbrxnpH
30Hyorphr'aB TOM'Mecre, aA"__* I npoBeA€HHH
I

na6op'aropnur*'
ueft Ep'MbrKaer 30Ha pa3AeJra ficcrreAoB;;;-;"HKpeTHbrx
o6remos.
Mexry rpaH3HrHofi crpyeft.H aoAoBoporrrofio6nacrrrc u."MarpHBa. ecre y"tu
(c.noftcuerue_ ,,o"ff T"u #o,,f " -o-I-M "o";1 ."*ruluo* yc_
HHB,roqKn3 r 4 na puc. Z6), Mox<Ho.npHHHMaTb
- # =I0_:_ I !, B03
" H"" "J;":ff"".';f;,
Mox( ;i1".#HTr,#;,i
TJfdiil: ml
L/lraKc
xapa*rep'cr'K ny.nrca(wH
Ha ou." n*Lo"t;a;,.:" B
120 AaHHoM.rrp'rrox(e-

r2t
HH4 Marepr{aJroB. B rracrrrocrg,
3TO OTrrocr.rTcf K CJreAyrorrIHM
c r y q a rrM:
iyST:;I:iT#r"?##?T"frjll
a) o6"rruuoBK' B 3oHe orpbrBa
noroKa, Ho np' HaJrHrrHnna o6nn_ 'IronKH ;rl,9"j:.co-dcrneuubrx,rdcrorpa
r'r'r-'rn'r' nhdr'^ft

'"f:i"*i ;i;;'i;,ffi;:ol"i,fr !;-napaMerpai


r{oBKH no no 6opmvJlaM
QoprvryJraM
n pacqer
pacqer naHeJIH
naHe.IIH o6.rra-
o6.rra_
3yAaqHo eot6pauubilx
-i:..:i::iqHoorKp *o' * ;;;;6;'i
BOAOBOIa'3a rl2cTulrrrfr rrroxer or
^fr.hr,6'rr- \ ee
;';;;J"p.o.,""usori6.n,rso*u i;iffi::'",X"Henp'eMnu'o''.y.
ff_"#" ff"il.:i,il$'il:.
"H"l,.J;
,f],'.uf*Lff :t_p^1..:t.{;{:ffi
f;fi""[T ffi*-JTT
o"py,":;'.o.::::.,T.j p, ol,'i5"
:li5J::,"* i:i: ""';;
" " ii"p"'.;ll;, "H#;"
n u. :A;;;;;; ,Roir;: "ri"
?.1:urBopa .*:::{;;';;;,;"u,n",,,{,l,o",orpbrBano. i,:i!T"fiJ#i""J"""iff[t
;":flffi f:J ;1il'jL"##TX"""iT s i' ) oK
:yj:::,#lh il:#
asarro"or nno* a,
T o K a;]""rj#:":1:'::::fff
, nocJie [oBTopHoro.
noR,ront .r".. nnrrna^-:...:-:-'
'*'rrrvrvt r\''..Dr u r plotlJd flo'
:-* bHo
e
K CTefiKe.
crerf KF
fip,coe{ HH,HHtr TpartgnrHoro noroKa Becrr{Aa.nr'eriruuepacrrer"ilJ#_flJ*?H":T:::xx#""*dff
B nepeuncJreHHbrx cJryqarx cneKTp
,?eHHffMo)Ker 6urra ortesen cneAyrorr{r* cyMMapHoft ny.nnczqau AaB- il:f.#i#;f orp eAerl
i:
oOp*oM: .Y1It |'.Jf"",Xn;^t:-ql_;;;";',orpeAerrrrou{Heee
n*!yy bJ,H9 connaaa;r .o bt"rit"
ITIHMHHHAerc k, u npn'naoo"oaHMocr' "t'
n=oli'ri'
r fou{
He ee
" " ''rvru(-r.I{ BHOBb o)ohn,HMe{o.
St (or) : K,S, (ar) * K",S2(ar), o6nZqogKg. BHoBrqacroTaMH
HStIeH}tTbnapaMe,rpbr
rAe sr(or) u se(<,l)-L'-qerrprr nynblll11 To.rrnKo
c.'Iyqae ee rcroqHr*g"; gt ABy-ypaccrrarpr{,Baerubrx
B *r,*oo^, nocneer'x npeauapjilio
1ul* *ol_p:*r'poBoK pasMepoB
Kr, ir ,f"r'___ xoe{rrpr(HeHTbr.
""coBbre
B cn-y-uafl-\<a>>a-<<6>gna:{",,.,ag (. npnHHMa,.,rcfl paBHbrMrr ;::,il T""#.
i^HHeM rIHc'IIeHHr,x
*.J,:.:: :ti::::-l: r'n":-AI,u pacqerbrAo Ko'r{acc BbrnB4e-
Ao KoHIIa BbrnBnc_
e**t- xapi*r.pnlrr;;;;rililTt'bI
{'ItrilMHqecKoro
<<B>>q BecoBbrM' - - " t t ' ' W r rHr{HeHTom,'paeHbrM
r{ncntulvr} lcroqHaq l(oucrpyKrlu'. HanpgxuH"oao Co-
Il,1;^l
6 :jl:j.
epeT Cf C UeXfp ntrt"""i,l-'rr;;
" paBHbtM
"or$npnii".nror,.paBHbrM eeAHHHT{c, en,,H'rr,\
AHHHI{C,

;;ffiffiT ' n*y*'.^113


:onofi,'rnr-r.^,r.2ytj,l:r:1i:i gl_rofpaHaqnorocrrontua o6mtior*" .u
* r;3ryf
;r'sMbrfinpr ,v:T nu: ilni ?.rrorocrygro
cqHrIlll
!;:;il ;;#t ff#T,HJ:u::li; MOFyTarb,:**i:i:Ji:,_,T
sronpor{s BeAeHrrn
paccMarp'Barbcfl Ka y:_ i:i .il 1!;i:f hihr;i\::f ffi:r: ?ti
n HHreprperarrun
uxDe
npn"n"nT'#;!;T;::fffli; K cneKTpbr 3KB-n"ur"n.'oli
**,: exp - pacnpeAerre'_
:::l^i:T"** [fr-_r]-np^
Hue o6.risr{oBKnor roqxn orpblBa
*71i",*"-"- iu"r,o"- f; :'1,lffi,{"HXJ#rtffi;;
.
a"' "ffi p"no
i,,,"*o"rr
e6aHa,iKrr,' a-,
np nx.n
[oroKa.
Cor.rracno eop rr.ty.rre(52), craHAaprbr
BblpaxeirHeM nynlcaqafi onpeAeJrfircfl
- :
o p ! - V K s , " f , r\.ttep,
r----=-

Pt
*r-K s " o 3 . -

oBaHHe H3,iro
x(eHHoro npu6r ax eHrroro
To;,";** fJu."::l -li: ::":
;ffi ;i,?ruffJjlT;
ffi#JHf,T"j,i^.Ji:,-oT:.{TIo,*-,*upu"J,ffi
fii;:"J,,:i::'#""#*',':,.:;f;;;T01";'i1l;i*X#+;";XX:i
#ffiffi'il":flli?X'i
;ffil';""ilffiilfJj:i
BaeMoM MecTe o6.nauonww
ff;ffi
lH;3*:*:::ry:r, ffi;.ff;"#Xliff
C,nr!qL,^

fi'#l';";ff
#:l3il-"i"1T::::::;.-;;e#;";;;Hffi
.13:y,:::ti:1'^'i;*,+;#;;;;ff
xx,;;Jl".f f ?j'",[I
C H O B A H H fCl .
"l,il,;."1HJ#TJt;
;;;?,;;",ffI"""1;
ffi::
'##j;-""111'Jji.::t:.:.::!?"u,tnnAaBrreHrft
.J;.'ril"#ffi1#:ffi
TfJJffi??ff nepe4
;#li;'#:f #f;iJ'J"::i:f
:f:::p"1,.^,"X-1fi
;ffit#:?Xii1."J.:::o-::"yii"!:;;"pT"";;I;#:""X'ff::";*:1
fff##"?""i:xx:::::::i::J:i:fl
ryl.iil#""J#^":HT;i?Ti.
ToM .9 He MeAneHHee,
vervr I/sz. ff.
i;;Xtr#ffi.?,,'#llT?f3*,*;""#;'i;"il;ffi:'AtT"""f
o6pararb BHrrMaHrre
Ha ro, r{ro HCXOAT{IJecrreKTpbl
3:":9;::y:_
nynbcaqn*
repB AaBrreHHr
arr,no ;t
repBaJr, ;il;;"^,6:: t""IB
p acnpo.rf
"" rpafinefi mepe,_'e T;'ff#f:"" _BO CsroM
"r"LrJu'io",
2,5;g H {ACTOT H2 HH:
aHTepBaJre
t22 ""p'rair.
- 4_+*:i{!!fF€!fF

;.,,?uil'#ill!t*fra4rtff K-r" 04
ea
ao;I;ir::.reAos
aHu,i
t t'r= uKrpr
:;:C,n,iif
,:ff #.";'.:'i']ffi if :l"lfil1fifi,xrt*:',Hi.H":t*u
CNNCOKJI I{TEPA'I'YPb|
-Hrr36ypr
q. f., floxpoacxrri
H. C. parpir.
6eronrrt,tx ,ronep.ruocrefinoaocOpocoe.
ilo rlr4porexr{HKe)>, _ _
nr,rn.52, fgOg,t +iO_
. 8., {enafirnrr F. A. Klsuraq,,o,iui,u
)pnbrx roa.oc6pocog._ (TpyAri *o-
)), *oop4.nHa_
Rbr,n.s2, 1969,c. eos_1aig(Btiiti;f

ru'tr# :
(.cnJryararurrr
nolHr,rx ra nepeir Byxra p lr HH-
)lrrenbcrav BbrcoKrrx 6etoriHsrx lrrnotntr,,a
i4, c. 202.'
eToAbrB CTpolrTenr)rroi,r MexailtrKc.crpori- 'i: 'i'
'iip?'i"r"n n Jlucerr"'
lI., PoaaHoa H. n_., :lq:i;; "' " fiGii;
He KaBuraquoHHoir
.flree Il. E.q Ilurern-
crofrxocrH ro,r{o,rru,*
l+roH.Hbrxcoaaqarrlfi no -rtrlpoTexH,uKe)),
S. E. Beaeueena).
-'^r" ryqtlng$$r:li
llr1"il;r*n*:'rj *tr.+if1iriir#{Hprril
Haqa.{a..
KaBnratl}lll, Bo3HnKarotqeii
r" 6erounoii noBepx'ocrn.-_ na
;H;;";;;

c' 'to-38- .'>a-vrorrd"- (l


lt{poTe.\Hnrrecnoe
.,_^?q nuiiHro'[i'=J' cTpo-

,l-*hffiTT"nil":::T:,!ir,n:ffii,t
fi:$t{flH#fl,i-,rffi ''"]il"u^+,
no''4pore.tHo'*.,,
'iiLP;,?,i:**"ffiHH oi6]3,
,,
-9' I'anrBep".".. ":r;lF"?ltril t nrrrpocoopy)KeH'tt'\'

-;fidffi,
pa3aroep: M., posaHos '&1.,
!: c., H:.n: oqerrra KaB,'raq,rorrrbr.\ .;,i1i.fi"-so B. M, co'epr,n)>,f 96g,
tnlil#l]n,*,,,,,"u.u,inu
frvnh"",,,...:
iilffi? Hxt#i!'::{frii#:,n*l*l
1969,c. 293*id4 "n"nun.
* r,cc,,
(Biidiiil'"ii'H. e. Be4erreena). no-rrrAporexHHKe>>,
e.
s2,

?: n1",t1f,1"" tt. c., ceruerxos


B.M.,ocrorxoe A.r,
5n1_f.""tH"ftyft!^i;"
xerrsfi,
c.-20-23. "*toi"'
- \\r 'rApurexflilqecKoe rrtAporex*nr""nn*
boi'0.'-c;;o::1i-irXiXitffi,ffJt-H'x
r- coopy.
[,_:lf ,f;,1;;-lirr"jfl:
"Jii.:i,ftiii.,fJf i:
H'#:"*xH#*t'??'f
*r"thr*#i*
crpolrreJrbcrBo>,t gir Jii'a,

Air'
Il' l'arrneplrn-p' c', F'nyxoa
*t:tyt{eH'tl *i:ll:linr ro-...-1r.,Konrapon
titnpnr.l*}t'|ttqecK'x..
,
q,1';f'iii,3pi'ff
ffi
i":-gLr;{{:;,;ffi{ffi
'r.l.:nr:.ffir#ff
B. A.,suapo" f.,H. rlpH60pr,r
ioupyxur,, tit n na*or)aroprr,H
';rr"r::
lliir:,#ifl,iffTf,1l*:i': l"*;;.,Ti*',',3olilo"rexr*rKe>, rso.o,j"-#i#iil'ff
,r ra-
!irn-.'sz,
Jr.B.HccneAosa'*,e
:::#,i,:.fr",iffi:Fii-'",*,.fl;;,[!l,flg.l;1,,f;"5
..+ilrloa
:nonHApore.*u,'r"o,-nl',;;:';;',ledst;;.";;r-;A6tffiHXriAt#ttrT:H"H#:
**:*"
i5lT;J:rylr."d{#;*T#ii;ffi r. .. .,.,va',Hrr.ailb.
;:HiT:t ]ri.ffr!l'.neneprnu*,,,*no,^n,.
IIIt,j;;";;#fihJ,;::: c 6orosbtM
l3' l'ny6nrrH'e c)Ka,,.{ei,n.
BoAoc6poct'r ut]11:.:l].Icr(lr )ocbr ,,poe-rr:*:";:::.-':':_*""
,''f;i;,Xff1:loi"ii,'l;^r'n'ni,ri*recKrre
" l{. rnno6yprq. " rrrApoy.{gg,(Texrrrrvecxrre
pacverr,r).BcHa8-70 , 44c.
ycnoRrn vv","'.,if
X;:E:::l:,i."",1,ff;Tg"iil:T:il:ff
,/##JJ:
r. }rccreroBarrre
Ka.B*ra,r!rro'r"o';;;":;,
r(nK'rr'rrqHoM
3a,MopaxnqaH,rrrr.
- oHrr...,," gijfrpif tlrirunp, :urnfiKoBA. T. Hceae4osap,r
)rii. gz,rg70,c. 20gr2r5. ero s 6rt qKos
124 o.r,,iu,i;; "r;;If,, Lu-"Ta
' lrrrrbr
tooo
tuori sposrr,n
"oa carrro-Illyuorrcroi"r

t?5
7, o6-. .S
Dc h nn mi rt tr r rR( . ..w
W. . u Caavviittaattiioonn d a m a g e a t K i n z u a cd a r n . A l l
voir. The XIVth IAHR parts, fg7l, _ A l l e g h e n y reser .
S , :; p . b t _ 1 0 i .-l pro..
77. T u l l i s P. R e v. C iew
o n"gorfe s s ,
c a v i tati oo,ereai "oiC. i or'
t val uei .
J . Hv
H y ddr.
r . Diivv... ASCE. rrlsrrH{ ojtAfl_ropr
, 1 996688,.l J aann. ^
7, o8.. V n nn ooggggg . L
v li n L .. . C avrvl tiat a
L aa t i toino n
y li t h )B uoggntonv^c(irbr5
SlBllrAUHOHHorl
_
Uongr e s sPa , rl s ,l g 7 l , v o l . 5 , p . 8 l -8 6 ."
w h -h[ ii sgth - h e a dl e a f - g a t e sT.h e X l V t h I A H R
l/roBHrx eeiroii.H6ro qoppyxEHiia,
BO3t-rHr(HoBE_
W . E . P e rfo ru n a n cofe Gl en C anyonD am di versi on tunnel . ', '
A. 'X
. j3.
- t rI l/En
a gvni ro
e rn me n taE l n g i n e e ri n gC -onference.
- - -- --- --' P i epri
r " nt
! 488. rnebi
s u r qui
G ry-6:d; tronnun ,' :
1967, p. 44-45.
Tw' fl
w a g n e r.w . r , Ot
J q p a raM . w . cavrtati on damagedow nstream
o u t, l80.
e t Y 9 , ' I ' . F ^ t " ' ; TE,,
h e X I V t h C o n g r e . s s , . P a r , ! s , 1 9 7 l ; ; ; i . - s ' p l $ - 9 o .from
RLtCOXOit lia BilTA-

81.wernoch I. E Expertences"of
hydraulic
itre'gureiu-'oi-n.Ji.fiiuiion.
cavita-
discusiion:.proi-.-A5bel"r.rz]lSi,iS, , 3l
I"i"i,l
p. 1041 -1 0 5 6 ,
structures.-A
syrnpostum t945,
l"'
)Ka
6 8
6g
7l
efi c rasuraq'elr
: - .'
i.* ,r.r,. licj('rcqalo,r,* obpurooa,ro,e'o6- 7l
,rKaHrre lllll:
- cror.TKocT;";."f#flT Ts
il,)S,lillirHor{r{Ar
Il opor.onuc
; ffil;;;;;.
ci t;:;;l["rt 85 '
ntp,,o4'*ur"ru,rnooro.opur-''
COAEPXAHHE .,.-..f.-y-r.,,,," .rtnr)'6aurtonsuft'
upllel{T}lpoBot{Hbre gs
AapHE
tlltorrnoft opo3tnr
vI tPE,I,HCJIOBHE . .ul t'i..'tt,i ,1q' !riiiur c. \. i t ( )irui g
;' -. r- p areprra.,
bte
n[o.rr, gT
t . ObUHN NOJIO)KEHHfl npil"rto)KpilHE t. np'Mt Harype . gt
Kasurauus, ee BH"rLril
n cratrHw,KaBHrauHoHHHepagpyureHr{f, )|HO3HPoBA_
OcHosnbrecnoco6u 6opr6n c BpeAHbrMH Hr4ro 1
npofiBfieHuf,MnKaBnTauHH S,/IEltE PA3/tHr{Hbtx
^- B aoAoc6pocubrxcoopyx(eHr{flx
uonacrb HcnoJrb3oBaHHf,Hacroffultrx <pexoucH,u,auuft>
13
l5 "
nPILIO)I(EIII,IE I "

,u':''''''"'
- --vvuf \''\-[IDI,\uooPVxEHHn
97

l6
:"ft?'dHH'ifih:#'ffii#,#*r
p,*.l?r, pu.u".n".
i: !!,!11,ffi#,:.ti-*''* :
i*.""
-.-".-:
;r Fi,.pv.;;;'';l11"ll::j;,,"^6{:'^q9u,K'
06:
106 r^o
t6 l:fr:;lllT,'Ls:i:;ovil''l.n'"0"'iilu?ouX1,uo"*y
t":''1"':t'
l9 cnttcox.'rrrr,';r11.111,:"".'t' "poi"aii""o putuo'on'o6nH(osoK
-: i;f
25 .n
29 l2.r
:t4
39
A. O6ruile noJroxeHfiff . 39
6 O6qas cxeMa p".u"tou flo onpeAereHH,o'Harrr"a'*""nt"uirn' l
HepoBHocTrx "* 42
B onpene.nes,e xapaKrepHbr.xcxopocreft npn. obre*r""n
u o c r g f i . . r r r - . z s r".po"-
.
I onpe4eneHHe xapaKTepHbrx Easnewnit AJrff orIeHKrI Haqhla KaBrF
TauHHHaHepoBHOCTfiXnoBepxHocTH . . . . I
3neneHru sarBopHbrx Ka[rep r
A. O6uue noJrolKeHnfl
E. IlpoeepKa Bo3Moxrlocrrr *"s"rru"i, npri non-
"or"r*"o"e*rrfi'
_ lbrx oTKpbrTHffx 3aTBOpOB
B . l l p o n e p r ( a B o 3 M o ) K r { o c r nB o 3 n H K t r o B e r r f ikqa n u r a ( H n n p u q a c r n r r -
rlblx oTKpbrTtrflx SaTBoporJ
l'. Ilponepra B o 3 M o l K H o c r l r B o 3 H H K H o t s e n u RK a B f i r a [ r n { r r a o r o -
J r o B K a x p a 3 { e J r b H b r x6 H , l n o s B r { a M e p a x 3 a r B o p o B
n j.r
l _ 1 .l t l e f l e B a f l - K a B u . l , a u n f l y r r J t o r n e n n f t s a r n o p c i u , . i. . i r
t28
{=

3aueqeHrrue oneqarxn

Hanc,tatatro
lllolxro 6r,rru

. l
l)
,l crrtt:y I
'
t A - -

yl*is*' f:ffi
fl I ceep.'cy vt P l t a r i c
"P;rtdrc

25 2 coepxy r "Pnaxc cou"*"


25 I 0 cHnsy
)c^
r,lt A t(c eo'0,r"
I
27 I 5-6 h
s c : l )( b + ' d ) ec:
( n . 2 .! l l II cBepxy fif,
2 . 1 2h) cBep.{y
' . n .28 bo
dou

- 5 6
I cHnsy ptrc.'37 p H c . 36
56 6 cHu:ly puc. 37 pt{c. 36
58 {) cnep.xy bo b
99 l2 crrnsy 6o*. rrr*"

I10. 3 cnnsy Sp(r, z) : Sp(-^,un): ... . S o ( r , z ) : S p ( r ) : . S p


(2, IJa)=...
I
I 112 cBepxy
/
rr2 l0 cnepxy
"'-h'r(n\hnLx'
/
i Ta6n.I0
n.6
C ranoa nalop ? lll lli6 r. Br,rel"rlra nepxH ui l
I
I
P E K O M E [ T A T \ ul ltt n o y r t E , r y
K A B I I T A q HH N P H ,N P O E K T I , | P O B A H H H I - I o . r n r r c a r rH o n c , r i l . r . lJt . r / V l g i 6
r,
(rrexlry l)Hc.
Orpyr.nenHue
orlepranrlrt-2,O
Orpyrrennue o'rep: anttn_Z,0
l)e3rue ouepraril.,n __ij,S
-'--
BOAOCBPOCH M-23061. c D o p r r a r6 ) X 9 0 i 1 6 . CTD.
I b r x f r r A p o T E XH H r rE C K r l x
Fyrrala rrrnorpat{rcrian}rQ l. 12-:$)

I
I .
COOPY)KE H HH
n 33_75
BHEiaT
l - l e , t .. ' r . 8 , t 2 5 - f - , ' n
Trrparx t800.
l-[crra82 rion.
l ii.r.
3ari. 126.
)1r.-rril. .r. S Hrr)l(rfIii
pHc.
PesrHe
r:i"Jia""n
-3'5 3,0-4,0
rrbvuerv xanirrar'runpn npoeKrrrpoaiHrrrr
I [-lay',111s;rpe;tar(rop f . il. p96tnutretirt
p. H. Tunasoea
T r rn o r p a d l l r r B c e t : o l r ) 3 r r o r o
o p A e l l a T p y , r l o r r o r . oI ( p a c l r o r o
".,,,,1'llll,*t11;"[;f..".1iiJi]t'ttttt aoAoc6pocrrr,rx
Frjrr)o-
Pelarrop 3 n a l t e t rt t n a y ' { Ho - l c c j l e ^ o s a r e _ ,tt c K ( ) r ( .
Texunqecxnir penaxrop T. M. Eoau,aeaa i l | | c T l t T ) ' T ar r r / p o T e . \ Ht t K ' t
rrl..6. Il. Be,rielecna. lgl>22t1,
. l(oppeKrop rl. C. Kanedxtma . i l e r r r r r r r l l a , r[t',t x a . r c x a r t y : t , 2 1 .

You might also like