Design of Pile Foundation

DESIGN OF PILE FOUNDATION
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DESIGN OF PILE:
Circular Pile of dia 1200mm has been provided below pile cap to transfer the load below pilecap level.
All the worst Load Combination has been considered for structural design of Pile. For verification of Structural
Strength Load Combinations as mentioned in Table 3.2 of IRC:6 - 2014 has been considered. For design
of Pile at Strength Load Combinations we have followed the provision of IS:456, as the strain profile of both
the IS:456 & IRC:112 is very close, so not much variation of Strength is anticipated.
Pile Shear Stress has been checked by considering the circular pile as equivalent square section.
For verification of Pile at Serviceability Limit State Load Combinations as mentioned in Table 3.3 of
IRC:6 - 2014 has been considered.
Dia. of Pile D= 1200 mm
Concrete Grade, fck = 50 N/mm2

Reinf. Grade, fy = 500 N/mm2
Load Table For Verification of Structural Strength:

Pile Design for ULS Load Combination in Design Load for Foundation-at LWL-without scour
P M H
Conditions
(kN) (kN-m) (kN)
Max. Vertical
Load 6917 2144 273
Min. Vertical
Load -667 1481 273
Max. Moment
6868 4913 771
Max. Horz. Force
6868 4913 771
Pile Design for ULS Load Combination in Design Load for Foundation-at HFL-with scour
P M H
Conditions
(kN) (kN-m) (kN)
Max. Vertical
Load 7337 4109 480
Min. Vertical
Load 0 199 43
Max. Moment
7337 4109 480
Max. Horz. Force

0 3117 480
Axial Load, Pu Moment Mu Shear Force

(kN) (kN-m) (kN)
Load Case 1 7337 4109 480
2 -667 1481 273
3 6868 4913 771
4 6868 4913 771
DESIGN OF PILE FOUNDATION
1. Checking the Pile for Maximum Axial Load with corresponding Moment:
Assume p = 1.60 %
2
Ag = 1,130,973 mm
Maximum Axial Load = 7337 kN

Corresponding Moment = 4109
Hence, Pu / fck D2 = 0.10 and p / fck = 0.032
Assuming 32 mm dia bar with 91 mm cover
d' / D = 0.089
Hence Chart or Table for d' / D = 0.10 will be used (Chart Number 60 ) Refer SP:16
3
Mux1 / fck D = 0.0550
Mux1 = 4752 kN-m > 4109 kN-m O.K.
2. Checking the Pile for Maximum Moment with corresponding Axial Load:
Maximum Moment = 4913 kN-m

Corresponding Axial Load = 6868 kN
2
Hence, Pu / fck D = 0.10 and p / fck = 0.032
d' / D = 0.089
3
Mux1 / fck D = 0.0540
Mux1 = 4666 kN-m < 4913 kN-m Not O.K.
3. Checking the Pile for Minimum Reaction with corresponding Moment:
Minimum Axial Load = -667 kN

Corresponding Moment = 1481 kN-m
Hence, Pu / fck D2 = -0.01 and p / fck = 0.050

d' / D = 0.089
Mux1 / fck D3 = 0.0400
Mux1 = 3456 kN-m > 1481 kN-m O.K.
So provide the following steel

p = 1.60 % p = 0.40 %
Ast,reqd. = 18086.4 sqmm Ast,reqd. = 4521.6 sqmm
Provide 12 nos. 32 mm dia bar Provide 11 nos. 16 mm dia bar
12 nos. 32 mm dia bar 11 nos. 20 mm dia bar
19292.16 ok 5664.56 ok
Checking of Shear Capacity of Pile: For max shear Zone from pile cut off
Data
Design Shear Force kN 771
Equivalent Square of side mm 1063
Effective depth of the section mm 972
Grade of Steel Fe 500
Charecteristic strength of reinforcement ( fyk ) Table 18.1, IRC 112 Mpa 500
partial factor for steel ( gs ) Cl 6.2.2, IRC 112 1.15
Design value for tensile strength ( fyd = fyk/gs ) Cl 6.2.2, IRC 112 MPa 434.78
Modulus of Elasticity of Steel ( Es ) Cl 6.2.2, IRC 112 Gpa 200
Grade of Concrete M 50
Charecteristics compressive strength ( fck ) Table 6.5, IRC 112 MPa 50
a Cl 6.4.2.8, IRC 112 0.67
Concrete material factor ( gm ) Cl 6.4.2.8, IRC 112 1.5
Design value for concrete compressive strength ( fcd = afck/gm ) Cl 6.4.2.8, IRC 112 MPa 22.33
Dia of Shear Reinforcement ( f ) mm 16
Spacing of Reinforcement ( s ) or mm 100
Number of leg 2
Reinforcement ( % ) 0.039
Shear Resistance
Concrete Shear capacity VRd.c = [ 0.12K(80r1.fck)0.33+0.15σcp]bd Cl 10.3.2, IRC 112 kN 766
Min Conc Shear capacity nRd.c min = (nmin+0.15σcp)bd Cl 10.3.2, IRC 112 kN 291
K = 1+sqrt(200/d) <=2 Eq 10.2, IRC 112 1.453
νmin = 0.031K0.67fck0.5 Eq 10.3, IRC 112 0.282
σcp = MPa 0.00
r1 = At /bd <= 0.02 0.020
Status Reinf Reqd
Area of Shear Reinf ( Asw ) mm2 402

Design yeild strength of Shear Reinf ( fywd = 0.8 fywk, fywk = fyk/gs ) Mpa 348
Cot q 1
Steel Shear capacity VRd.s = ( Asw / s ) z fywd cot q Eq 10.7, IRC 112 kN 1224
Status O.K.
Max Shear capacity VRd.max = acwbzv1[fcd/(cot q + Tan q )] Eq 10.8, IRC 112 kN 6236
v1 = 0.60
acw = 1.00
Status O.K.
Minimum Shear Reinf ratio for beam ( 0.072sqrt(fck)/fyk) 0.001
Status OK
Ductile Reinforcement of Pile:
Dia of Shear Reinforcement mm 16

Required Spacing of Reinforcement (SL) mm 85
Diameter of smallest longitudinal bar mm 32
Area of Shear Reinforcement (Asp) mm2 201
Volumetric Ratio, rw = Eq. 17.4, IRC 112 0.009273
Dia of Pile mm 1200
Clear Cover to reinf mm 91
Dia of concrete core (Dsp) 1018
Area of concrete core mm2 813927
Perimeter of Shear Reinf mm 3148
Reqd. Qty of Confining Reinf (wwd)= Eq. 17.2, IRC 112 0.18
Requirement of Minimum Confining Reinforcement (as per Cl. 17.2.1.2 of IRC : 112 - 2011)
For Circular section minimum

confining reinf required (wwd,c) = Eq. 17.7, IRC 112 0.18
Check 0.00
SL shall not be more than CL. 17.2.1.3, IRC 112 mm 160
& mm 225
Check O.K
SLS STRESS CHECKING FOR PILE (FOR RARE COMB LOAD)-LWL Combination
Load Data
Axial Force (P) 490.0 t
Moment (M) 77.0 tm
Material Data
Grade of Concrete M50
Grade of steel ("m" for Mild Steel & "t" for HYSD) t
2
Permissible bending compressive stress in concrete (scb) 240.00 kg/cm CL. 12.2.1
2
Permissible tensile stress in steel (sst) 4000.0 kg/cm CL. 12.2.2
Modular Ratio 13.60
Geometric data
Clear cover (d'') 9.1 cm
Effective cover (d'=d''+f/2) 10.7 cm
Diameter of Pile (d) 120 cm
Bar Diameter (f) 3.2 cm
Number of bars 24
2
Reinforcement area (Ast) 193.02 cm
Reinforcement % 1.707
Min reinforcement % 0.300
Properties of uncracked section

Cross-sectional area of uncracked section 13742.502 cm2
Moment of inertia of uncracked section 16091580.511 cm4
2
Calculated direct compressive stress (sco,cal) 35.656 kg/cm
2
Calculated bending compressive stress (scb,cal) 28.711 kg/cm
Interaction formula :
sco,cal / sco + scb,cal / scb £ 1.0 0.268 (Ok)
2
Resultant compressive stress in concrete (sct,cal) 6.945 kg/cm
SLS STRESS CHECKING FOR PILE (FOR RARE COMB LOAD)-HFL Combination
Load Data
Moment (M) 89.0 tm
Material Data
2
2
Modular Ratio 13.60
Geometric data
Diameter of Pile (d) 120.00 cm
Number of bars 24.00
2

2
2
2
Design the section as uncracked section
Properties of cracked section

Neutral axis depth (n) 114.36 cm
Neutral axis depth coefficient (n/d) 0.95
Angle at the centre of the circle (a) 5.41 radian
Distance of centroid of cracked section from centre of circle 0.98 cm
Cross-sectional area of cracked section 11116.86 cm2
Moment of inertia of cracked section about its own centroid 9549172.39 cm4
Effective area of cracked section 13550 cm2
Eccentricity of load from the centroid of the effective section 0.81 cm
Net eccentricity 16.99 cm
Effective moment of inetria of cracked section 12702519.77 cm4
Calculated distance of neutral axis below CGeff (ycal) 55.17 cm
Assumed distance of neutral axis below CGeff (yassumed) 55.17 cm
ycal-yassum 0.00
Stress at neutral axis 0.00
Check for stress

2
Compressive stress in concrete (scbc) 76.50 kg/cm (Safe)
2
Tensile stress in steel (ssbt) 46.04 kg/cm (Safe)
SLS STRESS CHECKING FOR PILE (FOR RARE COMB LOAD)-HFL Combination
Load Data
Moment (M) 89.0 tm
Material Data
2
2
Modular Ratio 13.60
Geometric data
2

2
2
2
Design the section as uncracked section
Properties of cracked section

Neutral axis depth (n) 114.36 cm
Neutral axis depth coefficient (n/d) 0.95
Angle at the centre of the circle (a) 5.41 radian
Distance of centroid of cracked section from centre of circle 0.98 cm
Cross-sectional area of cracked section 11116.86 cm2
Moment of inertia of cracked section about its own centroid 9549164.05 cm4
Effective area of cracked section 13550 cm2
Eccentricity of load from the centroid of the effective section 0.81 cm
Net eccentricity 16.99 cm
Effective moment of inetria of cracked section 12702511.48 cm4
Calculated distance of neutral axis below CGeff (ycal) 55.17 cm
Assumed distance of neutral axis below CGeff (yassumed) 55.17 cm
ycal-yassum 0.00
Stress at neutral axis 0.00
Check for stress

2
Compressive stress in concrete (scbc) 76.50 kg/cm (Safe)
2
Tensile stress in steel (ssbt) 46.04 kg/cm (Safe)
CRACK WIDTH CHECKING FOR PILE (FOR QUASI-PERMANENT COMB)
Load Data
Moment (M) 61.0 tm
Material Data
2
2
Modular Ratio 6.25
Geometric data
2

2
Cross-sectional area of uncracked section 12323.086 cm
2
2
2
CRACK WIDTH CHECKING FOR PILE (FOR QUASI-PERMANENT COMB)
Diameter of Pile, h = mm 1200
Depth of N.A from Compression face, x = mm 1200.00
Depth of c.g of tensile reinf from Compression face, d = mm 600.00
MOI of cracked section mm4 1.14915E+11
Stress in tension reinf MPa -6.97
Area of Reinforcement mm2 19301.95
Clear Cover to Reinforcement, c = mm 91
Diameter of bar, f = mm 32
Effective area of concrete in tension surrounding
2
the reinforcement, Ac,eff = b x hc,eff mm 720000.00
Depth of concrete in tension hc,eff = mm 600.00
Effective width of section in tension, b = mm 1200.00
Modulus of Elasticity of Steel ( Es ) GPa 200
Modulus of Elasticity of Concrete ( Ecm ) GPa 32
ae = Es / Ecm 6.250
rr,eff = 0.026808257
kt = A factor dependent on the duration of the load Cl 12.3.4, IRC 112 0.5
Mean value of tensile strength of concrete effective at the time
when the cracks may occur first, fct,eff = fctm (t) Cl 12.3.3, IRC 112
where, fctm(t) = (bcc(t))a x fctm
and the value of fctm is = Table 6.5, IRC 112 MPa 3.52
where, bcc(t) = e ^ [S x (1 - (28/(t/t1))^0.5] Eq 6.3, IRC 112
bcc(t) = Co-eff depending on age "t" and type of cement
t = Age of concrete in days = 28
t1 = Eq 6.3, IRC 112 1
S = Co-efficient depends on type of cement = Eq 6.3, IRC 112 0.25
So, bcc(t) = e ^ [S x (1 - (28/(t/t1))^0.5] 1.0000
fct,eff = fctm (t) MPa 3.515
Maximum Crack Spacing, Sr,max = 1.3 x (h - x) = Eq 12.12, IRC 112 mm 0.00
Maximum Crack Spacing, Sr,max = (3.4c )+ 0.425xk1xk2xf)/rr,eff Eq 12.12, IRC 113 mm 512.32
k1 = Cl 12.3.4, IRC 112 0.8
k2 = Cl 12.3.4, IRC 112 0.5
f= mm 32
Maximum Crack Spacing, Sr,max = (3.4c + 0.17f)/rr,eff Eq 12.8, IRC 112 mm 512.32
Design Crack Spacing, Sr,max = Eq 12.12, IRC 112 mm 0.00
As per Eq 12.6 of IRC: 112-2011
esm -ecm = ((ssc - (kt x fct,eff x (1 + ae x rr,eff))/rr,eff))/Es -2.09221E-05
Crack width ( wk ) Eq 12.5, IRC 112 mm 0.00
Status o.k

Design of Pile Foundation

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Design of Pile Foundation

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DESIGN OF PILE FOUNDATION

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DESIGN OF PILE:

Dia. of Pile D= 1200 mm

Concrete Grade, fck = 50 N/mm2

Load Table For Verification of Structural Strength:

Max. Horz. Force

Axial Load, Pu Moment Mu Shear Force

Maximum Axial Load = 7337 kN

Mux1 = 4752 kN-m > 4109 kN-m O.K.

Maximum Moment = 4913 kN-m

Mux1 = 4666 kN-m < 4913 kN-m Not O.K.

3. Checking the Pile for Minimum Reaction with corresponding Moment:

Minimum Axial Load = -667 kN

Hence, Pu / fck D2 = -0.01 and p / fck = 0.050

Mux1 / fck D3 = 0.0400

Mux1 = 3456 kN-m > 1481 kN-m O.K.

So provide the following steel

Area of Shear Reinf ( Asw ) mm2 402

Dia of Shear Reinforcement mm 16

For Circular section minimum

Min reinforcement % 0.300

Properties of uncracked section

Min reinforcement % 0.300

Properties of uncracked section

Design the section as uncracked section

Properties of cracked section

Check for stress

Properties of uncracked section

Design the section as uncracked section

Properties of cracked section

Check for stress

Min reinforcement % 0.300

Properties of uncracked section

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