St.

John Academy of Bayanihan, Inc

NIA Road Bambang, Bocaue, Bulacan

SELF LEARNING KIT IN SCIENCE GRADE 3

FIRST QUARTER
LESSON 5
Our Lesson

Uses and Harmful Effects of Some Common Material s

In this lesson we will be discussing the uses and effects of common materials.

Our Target
At the end of the lesson, the learners are expected to:
1. identify and give examples of useful and harmful materials
2. describe the effects of harmful materials
3. name some useful solids, liquids, and gases found at home

Let’s
Try
Identify materials described in different situations.
1. We use this in taking a bath. ___________________________
2. We use this to measure our body temperature. ________________________
3. We use this in washing clothes. ___________________________
4. We use this in cutting and slicing food. ___________________________
5. We use this when we are sick. ___________________________

Let’s Explore
This will discuss the topics that this SLK intended for you to learn – the useful materials found at
home and the harmful effects of some materials.

Pick up the
Concept

Uses of Common Materials

Matter is everywhere, you use a lot of common materials around you. These include solids like metal,
glass, wood, plastic and Styrofoam. Liquids like cleaning agents and gasoline. Gases like oxygen, liquefied
petroleum gas and carbon dioxide are also included.

Uses of Solids

Metal is a materials used heavily in
construction. It is also used in making
equipment, tools, eating utensils and appliances.
If not handled carefully, it can wound or cut
your skin.
Glass is a common material that you see around. It is
used mainly for the construction of windows and
similar items. It is also used to make mirrors,
eyeglasses, bowls and drinking glasses. It is
recyclable, washable, and reusable. Glass that is
broken can also wound or cut your skin.

Figure 1. Metals are important

materials for construction
Figure 2. One of the commonly
Wood is used in building houses and in Styrofoam is a used of glass
material
windows
thatis can
for constructing
be used
for containers
making paper and furniture. It is flammable and for packaging purposes. However, it is said to be
or can be easily burned when it comes in harmful to the environment because it does not
contact with fire. decompose
ST. or rot. ItOFalso
JOHN ACADEMY easily catches
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SELF LEARNING KIT – SCIENCE 4
FIRST QUARTER – LESSON 5
USES AND HARMFUL EFFECTS OF SOME SOLID MATERIALS

Plastic is used for making a lot of

items, including containers like
plastic tumblers, cups, jugs, and plates. It is reusable, washable, and
recyclable.
It is also a basic material in making toys and furniture. Plastic does not
decompose so the use of a lot of plastic contributes to the world’s garbage
problem.

Uses of Liquids
Water is the most common liquid with many uses.
Gasoline is a fuel that is used for most vehicles. It can easily catch fire and
burn so it can be very harmful when not handled properly.
Cleaning agents such as mouthwashes, liquid soap, skin cleansers, alcohol,
toilet bowl cleaners, tile cleaners and car cleaners are used to remove stains
and dirt. These materials contain harmful ingredients when swallowed.
Liquids at home include the following:
1. Insecticides that are used to kill insects. Insecticides are used to reduce the
abundance of mosquitoes and other insects that carry diseases such as
malaria and dengue.
2. Pesticides that are used to control pest. Rodents, snails, and weeds are pest
that invade farms and gardens.
3. Medicine in syrup form, liniments and injectable

Uses of Gases
Oxygen is a gas that people and animals breathe in. It is also needed for use in scuba diving, and
hospital emergencies. Oxygen can make fires get bigger. It can also cause metals to rust.
Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) is a fuel used in heating and cooking. However, leaks in tanks can
cause fire.
Carbon Dioxide is a gas that people and animals breathe out. It is an important part in photosynthesis of plants.
Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) are poisonous compounds that are harmful to the atmosphere. They are
main components of aerosols or sprays. They are also used in refrigerators and air conditioners.

Oxygen causes iron to rust An LPG tank

An aerosols spray

Some uses of gaseous materials include the following:

1. Helium to inflate dirigibles (balloons)
2. Ammonia also used as refrigerant
3. Wind to turn propellers like blades of windmills and fly weather balloons, and as agent of dispersal.

Find Out
Activity 1
Uses of Matter
I. Objectives
Name the uses of solids, liquids and gases found at home
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 SELF LEARNING KIT – SCIENCE 4
FIRST QUARTER – LESSON 5
USES AND HARMFUL EFFECTS OF SOME SOLID MATERIALS
II. Materials:
Pen and paper, materials found at home
III. Procedure:
1. List some solid, liquid and gas materials found at home.
2. Write the uses of each material in the given table below.

Materials Uses of the Materials

IV. Questions:
1. What solid materials do you usually use?
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
2. Based on your list, what are the uses of liquids?
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
3. Some gaseous materials are found at home, what are the uses of those materials?
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________

Let’s Work Out

A. Read each sentence. Write True if the sentence is correct and False if it is not.
____________1. Plastic bags do not decompose.
____________2. Human need oxygen.
____________3. Gasoline is a cleaning agent.
____________4. Metal, wood, and glass are used in constructing houses.
____________5. Plants give oxygen to human and animals
____________6. Always keep LPG tanks open anytime.
____________7. Water is the most common liquid with many uses.
____________8. Cleaning agents contain harmful ingredients.
____________9. Metals are used in construction and making equipment, tools and eating utensils.
____________10. LPG is a fuel used in heating and cooking.
B. Write at least five (5) examples of each useful and harmful materials.
Useful materials harmful materials
1. water 6.
2. 7.
3. 8.
4. 9.
5. 10.

C. Match the name in column A with its description in column B. Write your answer on the blank.
A B
___h_1. Wood a. used in making equipment, tools and utensils
_____2.Gasoline b. used for most vehicles
_____3. Carbon dioxide c. gas that people and animals breathe in
_____4. Oxygen d. contains harmful ingredients
_____5. Cleaning agent e. gas that people and animals breathe out
_____6. Styrofoam f. poisonous gas that are harmful to the atmosphere
_____7. Chlorofluorocarbons g. used for containers and packaging purposes.
_____8. Water h. used in building houses and in making paper
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SELF LEARNING KIT – SCIENCE 4
FIRST QUARTER – LESSON 5
USES AND HARMFUL EFFECTS OF SOME SOLID MATERIALS
_____9. Wood i. most common in many uses
_____10. Plastic j. used in making cups, jugs and plates

Assessment
Identify the underline word. Tell if it is USEFUL or HARMFUL. Write your answer on the line.
____________________1. Bleach help remove stains.
____________________2. Soap use in taking a bath.
____________________3. Knife place in the table that can be reached by small children.
____________________4. When inhaled, the fumes of expired bleach irritate the nose.
____________________5. Wearing raincoat can keep you from getting wet.
____________________6. Pencil is used for writing.
____________________7. Broken glass can cause wounds.
____________________8. Plastic cups can easily catch fire.
____________________9. Gasoline is used for vehicles.
____________________10. Plastic bags do not decompose easily they can cause garbage problem.

Summary
Common materials has many uses and harmful effects. Some materials used for
constructions, manufacture of products, fuel for vehicles, cleaning agents and used during hospital
emergencies. Materials can be poisonous, flammable and can cause wounds, skin irritations and
other diseases.

References:
Real- Life Science 3
Breaking Through Science 3

Prepared by: Checked by:

Niño J. Olayres Regina C. Buenavista

Page 4 ST. JOHN ACADEMY OF BAYANIHAN, INC.

NIA Road Bambang, Bocaue, Bulacan