,ay; 1.

jiytd; $w;Wk; tpspkuGk;

1.0. Kd;Diu

1.1. neQ;R

1.1.1. ,aw;ifg; Gzh;r;rpapy;

1.1.2. jpidg;Gdj;jpy;

1.1.3. eyk; ghuhl;lypy;

1.1.4. Fwpapy;

1.1.6. ,w;nrwpg;gpy;

1.1.7. Gzu;e;J ePq;fpajpy;

1.1.8. neQ;rk; fbjypy;

1.1.9. kjpAlk;gLj;jypy;

1.1.10. Fiw kWf;fg;gl;ljpy;

1.1.11. tiuT kWf;fg;gl;ljpy;

1.1.12. gpd;dpd;wjpy;

1.1.13. tpidtapw; gphptpy;

1.1.14. ghriwapy;

1.1.15. tpidKw;wp kPsypy;

1.1.16. nryT mOq;fypy;

1.1.17. ,ilr; Ruj;jpy;

1.1.18. gphp;e;J kPz;likapy;

1.1.19. Clypy;

1.1.20. myupy;

1.1.21. fow;nwjpuypy;
1.2. jiytpia tpspj;jy;

1.2.1. klit

1.2.2. kle;ij

1.2.3. kltuy;

1.2.4. khmNahs;

1.2.5. mupit

1.2.6. FWkfs;

1.2.6.1. thopNah FWkfs

1.2.6..2 ths; Ejy; FWkfs

1.2.6.3. thy; ,iof; FWkfs;

1.2.6.4. ngUe;Njhl; FWkfs;

1.2.6.5. xz;Zjw; FWkfs;

1.2.6.6. nky;ypay; FWkfs;

1.2.7. Xjp

1.2.7.1. fs;glu; Xjp

1.2.7.2. $e;jy;

1.2.7.2.1. jhopUq; $e;jy;

1.2.7.2.2. gy;ypUq; $e;jy;

1.2.8. mzq;fpNahs;

1.2.9. rPW}uhs;

1.2.10. Gidapio

1.2.11. Mapio

1.2.12. new;wp

1.2.13. Nehpiw

1.2.14. Ejy;

1.2.15. xz;njhb
1.2.16. eP

1.3. thapy;fs; - tpsp

1.3.1. ghh;g;gd kfd;

1.3.2. ghzu;

1.3.3. ghf

1.3.4. tyt

1.4. njhFg;Giu
 ,ay; 1.

jiytd; $w;Wk; tpspkuGk;

1.0. Kd;Diu

jkpopy; fpilj;j KOikahd Kjy; jkpo; ,yf;fzE}y; njhy;fhg;gpak; MFk;.

njhy;fhg;gpaj;jpy; %d;W mjpfhuq;fspy; 27 ,ay;fspy; Ie;jpyf;fzk; Ngrg;gLfpd;wJ.

njhy;fhg;gpaj;jpy; ,uz;lhtjhf mike;j nrhy;yjpfhuj;jpy; ehd;fhtJ ,ay; tpspkuG.

,t;tpay; vl;lhtJ Ntw;Wikahf fUjg;gLk; tpspNtw;Wik gw;wpa nra;jpfis

tpsf;fkhfj; jUfpd;wJ. ,t;tpsp Ntw;Wik jiytd; $w;wpy; mike;Js;sikiaAk;>

mtw;wpw;fhd kugpd; epiyg;ghLfisAk; ,t;tpay; Muha;e;J tpsf;FfpwJ. NkYk;

jiytd; jd; neQ;rpid Nehf;fp tpspf;Fk;gbahd gy ghly;fs; ew;wpiz> FWe;njhif>

Iq;FWE}W> mfehD}W Mfpa ,yf;fpaq;fspy; ,lk;ngw;Ws;sd. ,t;tpay; mtw;iw

tif njhifg;gLjjp; tpsf;FfpwJ.

1.1. neQ;R

1.1.1. ,aw;ifg; Gzh;r;rpapy;

jiytDk; jiytpAk; ,aw;ifapd; MizahNyh flTspd; tpUg;gj;jhNyh Co;

(tpjp) fhuzj;jhNyh xUtiunahUth; re;jpg;gJ ,aw;ifg; Gzh;rr

; p vd;gh;.

xj;j gz;Gs;s jiytDk;. jiytpAk; vjph;gl;L xUtiunahUth; tpUk;gpf;

fsnthOf;fk; Nkw;nfhs;tJ ,aw;ifg; Gzh;r;rp vdg;gLk; vd;fpwhh; Rgh~; re;jpuNgh];.1

nghUs; ,y;yhjtd; mg;nghUshy; ngwyhFk; ,d;gj;ij tpUk;Gjy; Nghy eP va;Jjw;F

mhpa xd;iw tpUk;Gfpd;wha; cd;dhy; fhjypf;fg;gl;lts; epdf;F ey;y ,d;gj;ij

toq;Fgts; vd;gij mwpe;jhw; Nghy ,aw;ifg; Gzh;rr

; p Gzh;e;j jiykfd; jd;

neQ;rplk; $wpaikahf cs;s ghlypy; neQ;Nr vd;w tpsp mike;Js;sJ.

mhpJ Ntl;lidahy;; - neQ;Nr! – fhjyp (FW.120 - 2)

,f;$w;W jiytd; my;y Fwpg;gl;l kPSk; epiyapYk; mikAk;.

1.1.2. jpidg;Gdj;jpy;
jiytd; jpid Kw;wh Kd; nghopyhl te;j jiytpiar; re;jpj;jtd; mjd; gpd;

re;jpf;f ,aytpy;iy. jpid Kw;wpa cld; fpsp Xl;l tUtjid vz;zp kfpo;Tw;Wj;

jd; neQ;rpw;Ff; $Wkplj;J

..ahtd; nra;Ftk; neQ;Nr!...(Iq;: 288 - 2)

vd tpspg;gij mwpaKbfpwJ.

1.1.3. eyk; ghuhl;lypy;

jiytd; jiytpapd; ntt;NtW cly; cWg;Gfspd; mofpid

tpje;J mz;ik kw;Wk; Nra;ik tpspapy; mioj;Jg; Nghw;Wfpwhd;

jiytd;> jd; jiytpapd; mofpidg; ghuhl;bg; Gfo;tJ eyk; ghuhl;ly; MFk;.

jiytpapd; kPJ kpFe;j fhjy; nfhz;l jiytd; mts; moifg; ghuhl;LtJ

eyk;ghuhl;ly; vdg;gLk; vd ,izajsk;2 njhptpf;fpwJ.

rpiykuj;jhw; nra;j tpy;iyAk; mk;Gfisak; rpte;j Jth; MiliaAk; cila

tpy;yhy; nfhiy Ghpjiyj; njhopyhff; nfhz;l vapdhpd; jq;ifNa! epd; Kiyfs;

Nky; glh;e;j Njkiy eP Njky; vd;Wjhd; vz;Zfpd;wha;. mk;Kiyfshy; jhf;Fz;L

tUe;Jk; vd; neQ;rpw;F mit mzq;fhfNt Njhd;Wfpd;wd vd jiytd; jd; fhjypia

cld;nfhz;L NghFk; topapy; mts; eyj;ijg; ghuhl;bLk; ghlypy; ‘neQ;Nr’ vd;Dk;

tpsp te;Js;sJ.

mzq;F vd epidAk; vd; mzq;FW neQ;Nr (Iq;. 363 - 4)

vdTk;

1.1.4. Fwpapy;

Fwp

Fwp vd;gjw;F ,lk; vd;gJ nghUs;. jiytDk;> jiytpAk; fsTf; fhyj;jpy;

xUtiunahUth; re;jpf;Fk; ,lkhFk;.

Fwp gw;wp njhy;fhg;gpak;>

Fwpnadg; gLtJ ,utpDk; gfypDk;

mwpaf; fpse;j Mw;w njd;g3

vdr; Rl;LfpwJ.
tif

jiytd; jiytpapd; re;jpg;ghdJ gfy;> ,uT Neuq;fspy; eilngWtjhy; FwpahdJ

gfw;Fwp> ,uTf;Fwp vd tifg;gLk;.

gfw;Fwp

gfw;Fwpahff; $Lkplk; kidf;Fg; Gwj;Nj mikAk; vd;W $Wth;. mJTk; mJ

jiykfs; mwpe;J czh;e;j ,lkhf ,Uj;jy; Ntz;Lk;.

,jidj; njhy;fhg;gpa nghUsjpfhukhdJ>

gfw;Gzh; fsNd Gwndd nkhopg

mtswp czu tUtop ahd4

vd;W $WfpwJ.

,uTf;Fwp

Fwp myuhd nghOJ jiykf;fs; jq;fsJ re;jpg;ig ,utpy; khw;wpf;nfhs;tJ tof;fk;.

jiytDk; jiytpAk; ,utpy; re;jpj;Jf;nfhs;Sk; ,lj;jpid ,uTf;Fwp vd;gh;.

njhy;fhg;gpak; ,jid>

,uTf; FwpNa ,y;yfj; Js;Sk;

kidNahh; fpstp Nfl;Fk;top aJNt

kidafk; Gfhmf; fhiy ahd5 vd;fpwJ.

,uTf;Fwp eilngWk; ,lkhdJ ,y;yk; mike;Js;s kidg;gug;gpd; vy;iyf;Fs;

mika Ntz;Lk;. mj;Jld; tPl;by; cs;Nshh; epfo;j;Jk; Ngr;Rfs; Nfl;Fk; njhiytpYk;

mikjy; Ntz;Lk;.

,uTf;Fwp kWf;fg;gl;l jiykfd; ed;ik jUk; nkhopfspd; ePq;fpg;> Gy;ypa gopr;nrhw;fs;

gutp kio ePiu Vw;Wf; nfhz;l Rlg;glhj gRkz;zhyhfpa ghz;lj;ijg; Nghy

cs;sj;jpdhy; jhq;f ,ayhj Jd;g nts;sj;jpy; ePe;jp ngWjw;fhpa xd;widg; ngw

tpUk;gpddha; cah;e;j kuf;fpisapy; cs;s jd; Fl;biaj; jOtpf; nfhs;Sk; ke;jp

Nghy epd; fUj;ijj; jOtp Vw;Wf; nfhz;L epd; Fiwia epiwNtw;WNthiug;

ngWthahapd; cd;Dila Muthuk; kpfTk; ed;W vd;W jd; neQ;rplk; $Wk; ghlypy;

neQ;Nr vd;w tpsp te;Js;sJ.

mt;tup

mhpJ mthTw;wid - neQ;Nr! ed;Wk; (FW: 29 - 4)

MFk;.

fsnthOf;fj;jpy; jiytd; jiytpiaf; fhz ,uTf;Fwpf;fz; te;jhd;. te;jtd;

jiytpiaf; fz;L mtNshL $b kfpo;e;J ,d;gk; Ja;j;J kPz;lhd;. kPz;ltd;

mg;Nghpd;gj;ijj; jd; neQ;rplk; $wp kfpo;e;j ghlypy; ‘neQ;Nr’ vd;Dk; tpsp

te;Js;sJ.

ctfpdp thopa> neQ;Nr!- fhjyp (mfk;. 142 - 8)

vd;gNj mt;tup MFk;.

fsnthOf;fj;jpy; ,uTf; Fwpapd;fz; te;J jd;NdhL ,Ue;J kfpo;e;J mstshtp

,d;gk; Ja;j;J> kPz;Lk; ,y;yk; GFfpd;w jiytpapd; Fzg; gz;Gfisf; fz;L jiytd;

jd;Ds; kfpo;e;J $wpa ghlypy; ,t;tpsp te;Js;sJ.

Vh;kyh; epiwRid ciwAk;

#h;kfs; khNjh vd;Dk;-vd; neQ;Nr (mfk;:119. 2:9)

my;y Fwpg;gl;L mope;jikapy;

my;y Fwp vd;gjw;F jtWjyhd Fwp vd;gJ nghUs; vd ,izajsnkhd;W6 tpsf;fk;

jUfpwJ.

fsnthOf;fj;jpw;F te;j jiytd; jhd; te;jij mwptpf;f VjhtJ xU tifapy; Fwp

nra;thd;. mjid mwpahj jiytp jw;nrayhf epfo;e;j xd;iwf; Fwpahf epidj;Jr;

nrd;W VkhWths;. jiytDk; NtW ,lj;jpy; fhj;jpUe;J jpUk;gpg; Nghthd;. ,jid

my;y Fwp vd;gh7;

,jpy;

$u;kjd; mwpaNuh – neQ;Nr! (mfk; 212 - 21)

kha;f jpy; - thopa neQ;Nr! (mfk;:258:8)

 Njk;Gkjp nfhy;Nyh? – neQ;Nr! – tUk; (mfk;. 322 - 6)

Njk;gpid!- thop vd; neQ;Nr (mfk;: 372 - 14)

kha;fjpy;-thopa>neQ;Nr! – ehSk; (mfk;: 253 - 8)

vd;gJk;

Njk;gpid - thopvd; neQ;Nr!-Nte;jh; (mfk;: 390 -17)

vd;gJkhd thpfspy; neQ;nr vd;w tpsp ,lk;ngw;Ws;sJ.

jiytd; ,uTf;Fwp jtwpa NghJ kPz;L tUgtd; jiytpapd; mUik Fwpj;J jd;

neQ;rpw;F nrhy;Yk; ghlypy; ‘neQ;Nr’ vd;Dk; tpsp te;Js;sJ.

fpisQd; my;nyNdh? neQ;Nr! – njdhmJ (mfk;.342 - 3)

my;y Fwpg;gl;l jiytd; neQ;rpw;F ciuf;Fkplj;J tpaq;Nfhs; tpidKw;wpid

milnkhopahff; nfhz;L neQ;Nr vd;w tpsp ,lk; ngw;Ws;sJ

mt;tup

Neh,dp thopa neQ;Nr…. (ew; 190:1)

vd;gjhFk;.

1.1.6. ,w;nrwpg;gpy;

jiytpapd; fsT myuhFk; nghOJ mts; ,y;yj;jpd; cs;Ns fhtYld;

itf;fg;gLths;. mtSf;F ntspNa nry;y mDkjp kWf;fg;gLk;. jiytpapd; ,Ug;G

,y;yj;jpy; kl;LNk fhtYld; ,Ug;gij ,w;nrwpg;G vd;gh;. ,w;nrwpg;G vd;gjid>

jiytpapd; mfit Kjph;rr

; p Nehf;fp ngw;Nwhh; mtis tPl;bNyNa jq;fpapUf;fr;

nra;jy; vd;fpwJ ,izajs mfuhjp..

jiytp myh; vOe;jtop ,w;nrwpf;fg;gl;likahy; jiytdhy; mtisf; fhz

,aytpy;iy. fhk Ntl;if kpf;f jd; neQ;ir Nehf;fp ,t;Tyfpd; mtis miljy;

,y;iyahapDk; kWik cyfpy; mtisg; ngWjy; cWjp vdf; $wpj; jd; neQ;ir

mikjpailakhW $Wk; ghlypy; neQ;Nr vd;w tpsp te;Js;sJ.

ngWtJ ,iaahJ MapDk; cWtJ xd;W

 cz;Lkd; thopa- neQ;Nr!..... (FW: 199 – 1>2)

,jidj;

Njhop ,w;nrwpg;G mwpTWj;jf; jiytd; Mw;whik $wpaJ vd njhy;fhg;gpau;9

tpsf;Ffpd;whh;.

1.1.7. Gzu;e;J ePq;fpajpy;

Gzu;e;J ePq;fpa jiytpapd; Nghf;F Nehf;fpa jiytd; jd; neQ;rpidg; ghu;j;J

R+u;kfs; khNjh vd;Dk; - vd; neQ;Nr (mfk;. 198 - 17)

vd;gjpy; neQ;Nr vDk; tpdp mike;Js;sJ.

1.1.8. neQ;rk; fbjypy;

fly; miyfspilNa Xbg; gwe;J nrd;W ,iuiaj; Njbg; ngw ,ayhj epiyapy;

cs;s KJehiu Jiwapd; Kd;dh; Eisr;rpah; czq;f itj;Js;s mapiu kPd;

czq;fiy cz;z mthtpj; jiyia NkNy J}f;fpg; ghh;f;Fk;. mJNghy ekf;F

neLe;njhiytpy; cs;stSk;> ngWjw;F mhpatSkhfpa jiytpiag; ngWtjw;F

epidj;jha; eP tUj;jj;ij cilaha; epd;idAila vd;idAk; Jd;gj;jpw;F Mshf;Fk;

,ay;gpidAilaha; vd;W jd; neQ;ir fbe;J $Wk;ghlypy;; neQ;Nr vd;w tpsp

te;Js;sJ.

mt;tup

Nehia – neQ;Nr! – Neha;g; ghNyhNah (FW. 172 - 5) MFk;.

,jid

; gpwd;fz; Njhd;wpa tUj;jk; gw;wpa ,sptuy; vd;fpwhh; njhy;fhg;gpah;.10

,jidf; FWe;njhif>

ehiu epiu ngah;e;J mapiu MUk; (FW. -166)

vdTk; $Wfpd;wJ.

1.1.9. kjpAlk;gLj;jypy;
jiytp kPJ jhd; nfhz;lfhjiyj; jiytd; Njhopf;F czhj;;jp mtsJ mwpit xU

topg;gLj;Jjy; vd;fpwJ jpUf;Nfhitahh;.11

Njhopia kjpAlk;gLf;fr; nrd;w jiytd; mtsplj;J ciuahLq;fhy; ,j;jiytd;

FiwAilatd; vdf; fUjpa Njhop mtid Muha;e;jds;. mJtiug; nghwhj

epiyapypUe;j jiytd; Njhopapd; nraiy flj;jw;fhpa muiz ntd;W ,isj;Jg;

ngU%r;R tpl;lhw;Nghy ,dp Nrhh;Tw;whYk; nghWik ,oj;jy; $lhJ. jiytpia

va;JksTk; ,j; Njhopghy; nghWikiaf; filgpbf;f Ntz;Lk; vd neQ;rpw;F $wpa

ghlypy; neQ;Nr vd;w tpsp te;Js;sJ.

ca;j;jd;Wkd;Nd – neQ;Nr – nrt;Nth; (ew;. 77 - 4)

ahUk; nrd;W mtisf; fhZjy; ,ayhJ. mtspUf;Fk; Cu; rPW}u;. mq;F

nry;ypDk; mts; vd;kPJ fhjYw;W ,uq;fpdhyd;wp NtW vtUk; mtsplj;J khw;wj;ij

cz;lhf;f ,ayhJ vd;W jiytd; $wpdhd;.

Fwf;Fb rpwhh; tpisahLjw;fike;j fskhFky;yhJ gpwh; nrd;W VJk; nra;a ,ayhJ

vd;gJ ,g;ghly; top czh;j;jg; ngw;wJ. vtuhYk; mirjw;fhpa fw;Gilats; vd;gijj;

jiytd; czh;e;J $Wk; ghlypy; neQ;Nr vd;w tpspiaG; Gytu; ifahz;Ls;shh;.

mJ

nfhbr;rp ifafj;jJNt gpwh;

tpLjw;F MfhJ gpzpj;j vd; neQ;Nr

(ew;;.95-10)

vd;gjhfpwJ.

1.1.10. Fiw kWf;fg;gl;ljpy;

Njhopahy; Fiw kWf;fg;gl;ljpy; jiytd; jd; neQ;rplk; $WKfkhf mike;j ghlypy;

 gpd;dpiy Kdpay; gh neQ;Nr…..(ew;. 140 - 8)

1.1.11. tiuT kWf;fg;gl;ljpy;

Njhopahy; tiuT kWf;fg;gl;l jiytd; jd; neQ;rpid; ghu;j;J

tUe;jpid thopa vd; cs;sk; (ew;: 356 - 7)

1.1.11.1. tiuT kWf;fg;gl;ljpy; cs;sk;

jiytd; jiytpia kzf;f rhd;Nwhiu mDg;g> jiytpapd; jku; mjid kWf;Fk;

nghOJ neQ;rpidg; ghu;j;J tpspf;Fk; epiyapy;

tUe;jpid thop vd; cs;sk;….. (ew;. 356 : 7)

1.1.12. gpd;dpd;wjpy;

gpd;dpd;w jiytd; neQ;rpw;F ciuf;Fkplj;J ,ilr;nrhy;iy milnkhopahff;

nfhz;L neQ;Nr vd;w tpsp ,lk; ngw;Ws;sJ.

ca;e;jd;W kd;Nd neQ;Nr……(ew;: 77:4)

nryT

nryT vd;gjw;F gazk; vd;gJ nghUs;. jiytd; jiytpia tpl;L nghUs;

NjlNth> tpidf;fhfNth> fy;tpf;fhfNth gphpe;J nry;tijg; nghJthf nryT vd;gh;.

nry; vd;why; nry;Yjy; (Nghjy;)> nry; (tpid) nry;Yjy; nryT. gzj;jpd; tuT

nryT vd;Dk; gad;ghl;by; nryT vd;gJ ntspNa nry;Yk; gzj;ijf; Fwpf;Fk;.

Ch;fs;> ,lq;fSF;Fg; gazkhfr; nry;YtJk; nryT MFk;.

,jidj;

njhy;fhg;gpak;>

Xjy; J}J gif ,it gphpNt13

vd;W $WfpwJ.

tpidNkw; nry;Yk; jiytd; ,iltopapNy jiytpia epidj;J kPsf; fUjpa jd;

neQ;rpid ,bj;Jiuf;Fk; ghlypYk; neQ;Nr vd;w tpsp te;Js;sJ.

mt;thp>
 vd;epiy ciuNkh-neQ;Nr! – xd;dhh; (mfk;. 181 - 3)

MFk;.

1.1.13. tpidtapw; gphptpy;

jiytd; NghUf;fhf jd; ,y;yj;ij tpl;Lg; gphpe;J kd;dd; kw;Wk; gilfNshL

nry;tJ tpidtapw; gphpT MFk;.

,jid FWe;njhif>

tpidNa Mlth;fF
; apNut

. (FW. 135 - 1)

vd;W Kjd;ikg;gLj;JtjpypUe;J mwpe;J nfhs;syhk;.

tpidtapw; gphpe;J nry;yf; fUJk; jiykfd; jd; neQ;rplk;

ek; fhjyp mtisf; iftpl;L gphpaf; fUJfpd;whNa ,tistpl milajw;fhpaJk;

rpwe;jJkhd nghUs; NtW nghUs; VJk; ,Ue;jhy; mjidg; ngw;W eP mjDld; tho;

vd;W jd; neQ;irf; fbe;J $Wk; ghlypy; neQ;Nr vd;w tpsp gapd;W te;Js;sJ.

,jid>

va;jpid> thopa – neQ;Nr ! nrt; tiu

(ew;.:37 - 4)

vd;w ghly; mbfs; Gyg;gLj;JfpwJ.

gpbapd; grp fisaf; fspW Xik kuj;ij Kwpj;jiy

klg;gpb caq;Fop fis,ah; ngUq;fspW

njhiye;j Xik14

vd jiytpiag; gphpe;J nrd;w jiytd; gphpe;J nry;Yk; ghiy epy topf; nfhLikia

Mrphpakhiy $WtJk; Rl;lj;jf;fJ.

nrytOq;Fk; jiytd; nghUspDk; fhjy; edp rpwe;jJ vd;gJzh;e;j epiyapy;

Kl;lhr; rpwg;gpd; gl;bdk; ngwpDk; thhpUq;

$e;jy; taq;fpio xopa thNud; thopa neQ;Nr15

vdf; $Wtjpy; neQ;R vd;w tpsp ,lk;ngw;Ws;sJ xg;GNehf;fj;jf;fJ.

1.1.14. ghriwapy;

gifNkw; nrd;w gil jq;Fkplk; vd;fpwJ (agarathi.com)

ghR + miw = ghriw

ghR vd;w nrhy; %q;fpiyf; Fwpf;Fk;. Nghu;f;fsj;jpy; %q;fpyhy; $lhuk; mikj;J

tPuu;fs; jq;fpapUf;Fk; ,lk; ghriw vdg;gLk; vd;w xU fUj;Jk; cz;L.

jiytd; nrd;w Nghu; tpid Kw;wTk; Kbahjjhy; Fwpj;j fhu; fhyj;jpy; jpUk;g

Kbatpy;iy. ghriwapypUe;j mtd; cs;sj;jpy; jiytpapd; epidT vo jd; neQ;NrhL

Gyf;Fkplj;J

cs;SNjhWk; fypYk; neQ;rk; (Iq;. 445 - 4)

1.1.15. tpidKw;wp kPsypy;

nghUs; <l;Ljw;Fj; jiytpiag; gphpe;J nry;fpd;w jiytd; ,ilr;Ruj;jpy; jiytpia

epidj;J jd; neQ;rplk; nghUis tpUk;gp te;j kaf;fj;ijAila neQ;rNk!

jiytpaplk; ngUq;fhjYld; ,d;gk; Ja;f;Fk; Efh;r;rpia tplr; rpwe;jnjhU ,d;gepiy

,t;Tyfpy; ,iy vd;W ahd; $wpa md;G nkhopfis eP Vw;Wf; nfhs;s kWj;Jtpl;lha;

vd miyNkhJk; jd; neQ;rpidf; fbe;J $Wfpd;w epiyapy; cs;s ghlypy; neQ;Nr

vd;w tpsp gapd;W te;Js;sJ vd;gij ,g;ghly; thp %yk; mwpayhk;.

nghUs;Ghp Tz;l kUsp neQ;Nr! (mfk;. 361 - 9)

nghUs; <l;Lk; nghUl;L jiytd; jiytpiag; gphpe;jhd;. ,ilr;Ruj;jpy; mtd;

neQ;rk; jiytpia epidj;J kWfpaJ. mjid czh;e;j jiytd; Mwiyg; NghUk;

CWnra; tpyq;FfSk; cila Rutopapd; nfhLikapid epide;J ghuhJ vd;id

mioj;J te;j ePNa ,ilr;Ruj;jpy; kPz;L epd;W jiytpapd; tbtpd; ed;ikiaAk;

Fzj;jpd; ed;ikiaAk; epidj;J kPsf; fUJfpd;wha;. epdJ ,r;nray; mwpTilik

MfhJ vd;W jiytd; jd; neQ;rpid fbe;J $wpaikahy; ‘neQ;Nr’ vd;w tpspia

ifafg;gLj;jpAs;shh; vd;gij ,g;ghly; thp %yk; mwpayhk;.

Jah;nra;J Mw;wh ahfp ngah;G Mq;F (mfk;. 365 - 11)

tpidNkw; nrd;w jiytd; tpid Kbj;J kPz;L tUk;NghJ tpiue;J nry;Yk;

Njhpid NkYk; tpiuTgLj;Jtjw;fhfj; jd; neQ;rk; jdf;F Kd;Ng jd; jiytpghw;

nrd;Wtpl;lJ vd;W jd; neQ;rpidg; gw;wpj; Njh;g;ghfd; Nfl;f nrhy;ypaikahy; neQ;Nr

vd;w tpsp te;Js;sJ.

nkd; Njhs; ngw eir,r; nrd;w vd; neQ;Nr (mfk;.9-26)

1.1.16. nryT mOq;fypy;

Kd; xU fhyj;Jj; jiytpiag; gphpe;J nrd;W nghUs; <l;b te;j jiytd;

gpd;Dk; nghUs; <l;b tUkhW tw;GWj;jpa jd; neQ;rplk; Kaw;rpiaf; iftpl;L

jiytpghy; kPs;f vd;W jd; neQ;rpid fbe;J $wpaikapy; ‘neQ;Nr’ vd;w tpsp

mike;Js;sij ,g;ghly; thp mwpayhk;.

mt;thp

Ms;tpidf;F vjphpa kPsp neQ;Nr” (mfk;. 379 - 4)

Nfs; ,dp– thopa neQ;Nr! – ehSk; (mfk;. 353 - 2)

MFk;.

nghUs; NjLtjw;Fj; Jizahf mofpa khik epwj;ijAila ek; fhjypAk; cld;

tUthNsh? mtspd;wpj; jdpahf vd;id nry;ytpLthNah? vd;W jd; neQ;rplk; tpdTk;

nghUsike;;j ghlypy; neQ;Nr vd;w tpsp te;Js;sJ.

,jid>

vk;ik ca;j;jpNah? ciuj;jprpd; neQ;Nr (FW. : 63 - 4)

vd;w thp topNa mwpa KbfpwJ.

,jidj; njhy;fhg;gpah>;

nrytpil mOq;fy; nry;yhikad;Nw

td;Giw Fwpj;j jtph;r;rpahFk16 ; vd;fpwhh;.

NkYk;>

,d;ikaJ ,spT17

vdTk; tpsf;Ffpwhh;.

,jidNa>

mhpjha mwd; va;jp mUspNahh;f;F mspj;jYk;

nghpjha gifntd;W Ngziyj; njWjYk;

GhpTnkh; fhl;rpapd; Gzh;r;rpAk; jUk; 18

vdf; $WtJ fUjj;jf;fJ;

njhopy; fhuzkhfg; gphpaf; fUjpa jiykfd; jd; neQ;rplk; ‘neQ;rNk mts; mUfpy;

gphpahky; ,Ue;j me;jf; Nfhil ehspNyNa mts; eLq;fpdhs;. ehk; ,y;yhj ,e;j

fhh;fhyk; Kjyhd gdpf;fhyj;jpy; ek; gphpthy; mq;qdk; eLq;FthNsh? vd jd;

tUj;jj;;ij neQ;rplk; $wp> gphpa kWj;jikahf mike;j ghlypy; neQ;Nr vd;w tpsp

mike;Js;sJ.

,jid>

NehNfh ahNd Nehk; vd; neQ;Nr (ew;. 312 : -1)

vd;gjd; %yk; mwpayhk;.

,jid

FWe;njhif>

<q;ifa tz;zj;Ja;k;kyh; cjpu Kd;dh;j;

Njhd;Wk; gdpf;fU ehNs (FW. 380 - 2)

vdTk;>

mUk;gdp mr;rpuj; jPh;f;Fk; kUe;J gpwpjpy;iy

mth; kze;;j khh;Ng (FW. 68 - 3-4)

vdTk; tpsf;FtJ ftdpf;fj; jf;fjhFk;.

jiytd; jiytpiag; gphpe;J nghUs; NjLk; tpidNkw; nrd;whd; mjidf; Fwpg;ghy;

czh;e;j Njhop jiytd;ghw; nrd;W ePtPh; tpid Nkw;nry;Yk;nghOJ vk; jiytpAk;

cld; tUths; vdf; $wpdhs;. mjidf; Nfl;l jiytd; Njhop Nfl;FkhW jd;

neQ;rpw;Fr; nrhy;Yk; ghlypy; neQ;Nr vd;w tpsp mike;Js;sJ.

ehk;eif cilak; neQ;Nr! fLe;njwy; (mfk;:21:1)

jiytdpd; neQ;rk; jiytpia tpl;L ePq;fpr; nrd;W nghUs; <l;bl tpUk;gpaJ.;

me;epiyapy; jiytd; jd; neQ;rpid Nehf;fp ahd; ,tsJ fz;fshy; fl;Lz;Nld;.

,/J ,d;gk; je;jJ. ,t;tpd;gj;jpDk; nghUs; rpwe;jJ ,y;iy. vdNt nghUs;

NjLtjw;F cd;NdhL ehd; tukhl;Nld; vd;W fbe;J $wpajpy; neQ;Nr vd;w tpsp

mike;Js;sJ.

,jid>

chpia – thop vd; neQ;Nr ! – nghUNs (ew;. 16: - 4)

vd;w tup Gyg;gLj;JfpwJ.

nghUshu;tj;ij xJf;fTk; KbahJ> jiytpiag; gpupaTk; Kbahj epiyapy; jd;

neQ;rpidg; ghu;j;J

md;G ,iy thopa vd; neQ;Nr..(ew;. 52 - 8)

vdTk;

jiytpapd; mUikia epidj;Jj; jd; nrytpidj; jtpu;fF

; k; nghOJ jiytd; jd;

neQ;rpidg; ghu;j;Jf; $WkhW cs;s ghlypYk;

va;jpid thopa neQ;Nr….(ew;.: 137 - 4)

Ntw;W ehl;bw;Fr; nrd;W nghUsPl;l epidj;Jk; jiytpapd; gpupitj; jhq;fhJ nryT

jtpu;j;j epiyapy;

; epd;…. (ew; 126:12)

ty;Ny neQ;rk; tha;ff

vd Nra;ik> mz;ik tpspfs; ,lk; ngw;Ws;sd.

jiytd; jd; nrytpidj; jtpu;fF

; k; nghOJ

thNud;! thop vd; neQ;Nr! (mfk;. :149 - 7)

jiytd; nghUsPl;lr; nry;yNtz;LNkahdhy; jiytpiag; gphpAk; epiy tUnkd

gphptpidj; jtph;j;jikNa gphpT jtph;j;jik vd miof;fg; ngWk;.

,jidNa>

,Uq;fz; Qhyj;J <z;Lgag; ngUtsk; xUq;Fld;

,iztjhapDk;…. Nfhyik FWe;njhb FWkfs;

xopa Ms;tpid kUq;fpw; gphpahh; ( FW. 367 : 1 – 6 )

vd;w thpfSk; $WtJ ftdpf;fj; jf;fJ.

NkYk; gl;bdg;ghiy>

thhpUq; $e;jy; taq;fpio xopa thNud;

thopa neQ;Nr19

vdTk; $WtijAk; xg;G Nehf;fyhk;.

,y;yw tho;tpw;Fg; nghUs; mtrpaNk. Mdhy; jiytpiag; gpupe;J nrd;W nghUsPl;l

jiytDf;F kdk; Xg;gtpy;iy. me;epiyapy; jd; neQ;rpidg; ghu;j;J tpspf;Fkplj;J

neQ;rk; vd;w mz;ik tpsp ,lk;ngw;Ws;sJ.

mit

epid! khz; neQ;rk; - ePq;Fjy; kwe;Nj (mfk;:51:14)

thNud; neQ;rk; tha;f;f epd; tpidNa (mfk;.131 - 15)

nrd;Nkh neQ;rk!; thunyd; ahNd! (mfk;. 245 - 21)

vd;gjhFk;.

jiytpiag; gphpe;J nghUsPl;lr; nry;Yf vd;W jd;id tw;GWj;jpa neQ;rpw;F

,d;iwa nghOJ jiytpNahL ,dpjhff; fope;jikiaAk; ehisa nghOjpy;

nghUsPl;Lk; Kaw;rpapy; Cu;g;nghJ mk;gyj;jpd;fz; cwq;fhJ jdpikAw;W tUe;jpf;

fplf;fg;NghFk; #oiyAk; vLj;Jf;fhl;bj; jhd; nry;ytpUe;jikiaj; jtph;j;jikAk;

ghlypy;; neQ;Nr vd;w tpsp ,lk;ngw;;Ws;J.

Nrf;Ftk; nfhy;Nyh neQ;Nr! rhj;Jvwpe;J” (mfk;. 167 - 7);

 neQ;rk; nghUs; <l;b tur; nrhy;ypaJ. Mdhy; mts; ,we;JgLths; vdf;

fUjpatdha; mjidf; $Wk; typikaw;Wj; jd; neQ;rj;ijj; Njw;wpj; jiytpiag;

gphpe;J nry;tijj; jtph;j;jikAk; ghlypy; ‘neQ;Nr’ vd;w tpsp te;Js;sJ.

ciuj;jprpd; thopvd; neQ;Nr! – epiuKif (mfk;.191 - 13)

nghUspd; rpwg;gpidAk; NjitapidAk; vLj;Jf; $wpj; jiytpiag; gphpe;J nghUs;

<l;b tUjy; Ntz;Lk; vdj; jiytdpd; neQ;rk; mtid ,iltplhJ tw;GWj;jpaJ.

mJ fz;l jiytd;> ,tisg; gphpe;J nrd;wtplj;Jk; ,tisNa epide;J tUe;Jtjd;wp

tpid nra;J nghUsPl;ly; ,ayhJ vdf; fUjpj; jiytpiag; gphpAk; vz;zj;ijf;

iftpLf vdj; jd; neQ;rpw;Fr; nrhy;Yk; ghlypy;; neQ;Nr vd;Dk; tpsp gapd;W

te;Js;sij

#o;e;jprpd; -thopa> neQ;Nr! – nta;Jw (mfk;: 77:4)

vd;w tupfs; %yk; czuyhk;.

1.1.17. ,ilr; Ruj;jpy;

nghUs;tapw; gpupe;j jiytd; ,ilr; Ruj;jpy; jiytpapd; epidT vo

tUe;jpid thop vd; neQ;Nr! (mfk;:79:11)

vd jd; neQ;rpidg; ghu;j;Jf; $Wfpwhd;.

jiykfisg; gphpe;J Runewpapw; nrd;w jiykfd; jd; neQ;rk; jd; kidtpia

epidj;J kPs Kad;wnghOJ mjid Nehthdha;j; jdf;Fj; Jizahfr; nrd;Nwhhplk;

nrhy;ypaikahy; ‘neQ;Nr’ vd;w tpsp te;Js;sJ.

fope;J cF epiya Mf

xope;Njhs; nfhz;l vd; cuk; nfO neQ;Nr (Iq;

nghUsPl;lr; nrd;w jiytd; ,ilr; Ruj;jpy; jd; jiytpia kwf;f ,ayhJ jd;

neQ;rpw;Ff; $Wkplj;jpy;

xd;W njupe;J ciuj;jprpd; - neQ;Nr!... (ew;: 103;:1)

neQ;Nr vd;w tpsp ,lk; ngw;Ws;sijf; fhzyhk;.

,ilr;Ruj;J kPsYw;w neQ;rpidj; jiykfd; fowk; epiyg; ghlypy; neQ;Nr vd;w

tpsp ,lk;ngw;Ws;sJ.

mUQ;Ruf; ftiyia vd;dha;! neLQ;Nrz;

gl;lid thopa neQ;Nr (ew;. 105:- 6 -7)

jiytd; jd; FLk;gj;ijg; guhkhpf;f> nghUs; NjlYf;fhf jiytpia tpl;L gphpe;J

nry;tJ nghUs;tapw; gphpT vdg;gLk;.

neQ;rk; fbjy;

jiytd; jiytpNahL ,dpjhf ,y;ywk; elj;Jq;fhyj;J mtd; neQ;rk; nghUspd;

Njitapid mtDf;F czh;j;jp mjid <l;b tUkhW mtidj; J}z;baJ jiytDk;

nghUs; <l;b tuj; jiytpiag; gphpe;jhd;. gpd;dh; mNj neQ;rk; ,ilr;Ruj;jpy;

jiytpapd; eyd; epide;J tUe;jp mtis ehbg; gpd; nrd;wJ. ,jdhy; nghUs; <l;Lk;

Kaw;rpapy; Nkw;nry;y ,ayhJ. Jd;Gw;w jiytd; jd; neQ;rpidf; fbe;Jf; $Wk;

ghlypy; neQ;Nr vd;w tpsp mike;Js;sJ.

tUe;jpid – thop vd; neQ;Nr - gUe;J,Ue;J! (mfk; .19-2)

jiytd; jiytpNahL ,dpJ thOq;fhyj;J mtd; neQ;rk; nghUspd;

,d;wpaikahikia mtDf;F czh;j;jp mjid <l;b tUkhW mtidj; J}z;baJ.

jiytDk; nghUs; <l;b tu jiytpiag; gphpe;jhd;. gpd;dh; mNj neQ;rk; ,ilr;Ruj;jpy;

jiytpia epidj;J tUe;jpaJ. ,jdhy; Nghf;F ,ilA+Wgl;l jiytd; me;neQ;ir

fbe;J $wpaikahy; neQ;Nr vd;Dk; tpsp te;Js;sJ.

mit

vO ,dp thop vd; neQ;Nr! – Ghp,zh; (mfk;. 21 - 9)

tUe;jpid – thop vd; neQ;Nr! ,UQ;rpiw (mfk;. 79 - 11)

cs;spid thop vd; neQ;Nr (mfk;:. 343 - 16)

vO ,dp thopa neQ;Nr! (mfk.;:47 -:3)

ct ,dp thopa neQ;Nr! (mfk.;:87 - :12)

 cs;spid thopa neQ;Nr! (mfk.;:291:- 22> 365:11)

vd;gjhFk;.

neQ;ir ,bj;Jiuj;jy;

nghUsPl;lf; fUjpa jiytd; jiytpiag; gphpe;J nrd;whd;. ,ilr;Ruj;Jj; jiytpia

epide;J tUe;Jk; jd;neQ;rpid ,bj;J $wpaikahy; neQ;Nr vd;w tpsp te;Js;sJ.

cilkjp thopa neQ;Nr! epyT vd (mfk;. 123 - 8)

neQ;Rf;F ek;gpf;if mspj;jy;

jiytd; jiytpiag; gphpe;J nghUs; <l;lr; nrd;whd;. ,ilr;Ruj;jpy; jiytpapd;

gphpthy; nghWf;f khl;lhJ mtd; neQ;R tUe;jpaJ. jsh;rr

; p milahJ Nkw;nfhz;l

tpidiar; nra;J Kbj;Njhkhdhy; jiytpad; Njhsplj;Jg; gutpAs;s grg;GW gUtuy;

ePq;FkhW Kaq;fyhk;. vdNt tpidapd; nghUl;L vd;Dld; tpiue;J vOf vd mope;j

; pw;Fr; nrhy;Yk; ghlypy; ‘neQ;Nr’ vd;w tpsp te;Js;sJ.

jd; neQ;r

vO ,dp – thopa neQ;Nr! xypjiy (mfk;. 47 - 3)

,ilA+W - neQ;rk;

nghUs; <l;Lk; nghUl;Lj; jiytd; jiytpiag; gphpe;jhd;. ghiy epyf;

flj;jw;Fhpa Rutopfisf; fle;J te;J Gynkyhk; kzq;fkOk; fhpa $e;jypidAk;

fhpa $e;jypidAk; mofpa Fsph;r;rp nghUe;jpa fz;fisAk; cila ek; fhjypapd;

nky;ypa re;jpidAila gUj;j Njhs;fspd; khl;rpikg;gl;l mofpid ePs epidj;jid

ahd;,dp vd; nra;Ntd; neQ;Nr vd jd; Nghf;fpw;F ,ilA+whff; fyq;Ffpd;w jd;

neQ;rpw;Fr; nrhy;ypaikahy; ‘neQ;Nr’ vd;w tpsp te;Js;sJ.

cs;spid – thopa – neQ;Nr – NghJvd (mfk;.

,ilr;Ruj;jpy; epidj;jy;
jiytd; jiytpiag; nghUs;tapw; gphpe;jhd;. gphpe;J nrd;wtd; cld; tUNtd; vd;w

jiytpia kWj;J te;jikahy; ,ilntspapy; mtis epidj;J ,uq;fp jd;

neQ;rpw;Fr; nrhy;Yk; ghlyfspy;; neQ;Nr vd;w tpsp te;Js;sJ.

mit

Kaq;Ffk; nrd;Nkh neQ;Nr! (mfk;. :93 - 16)

vd;id MFNkh neQ;Nr! (mfk;. 297 : 4)

MFk;.

kw;Wk;

Jd;dYk; jFNkh? JzpT,y; neQ;Nr! (mfk;. 327 - 6)

vd;epiy ciuNkh – neQ;Nr! (mfk;. 181 - 3)

nghUs; GupTz;l kUs; neQ;Nr! (mfk;. 361 - 9)

Nrf;Ftk; nfhy;Nyh neQ;Nr! (mfk;:167:7)

vd;w tupfSk; nrytOq;fiy cWjpg;gLj;JfpwJ.

jiytpAk; jiytDld; tUNtd; vd;wtplj;Jk;

ehk; eif cilNak; neQ;Nr! (mfk. :121 - 1)

vd neQ;Nr vd;w tpsp ,lk; ngw;Ws;sij mwpaKbfpwJ.

jiytd; jiytpiag; nghUs;<l;Lk; nghUl;L gphpe;J ghiy epyk; topahf kPz;L tUjy;

Ruk; kPsy; MFk;.

jiytd; jiytpiag; gphpe;J nrd;whd;. ,ilr;Ruj;J mtdJ cs;sk;

jiytpia epidj;J kPsf; fUjpaJ. mjid czh;e;j jiytd; ‘ fhdj;J Ms;tpid

Ghpe;j eP jiytpapd; nkd;Kiy Mfk; Gy;Yjy; epide;J kPsf; fUJtJ KiwNah?

vdj; jd; neQ;rpid ,bj;Jiuf;Fk; ghlypy; ,t;tpsp te;Js;sJ.

cs;spid-thop> vd; neQ;Nr!-fs;spd; (mfk;: 343 - 16)

jiykfisg; gphpe;J Runewpapw; nrd;w jiykfd; jd; neQ;rk; jd; kidtpia

epidj;J kPs Kad;wnghOJ mjid Nehthdha;j; jdf;Fj; Jizahfr; nrd;Nwhhplk;

nrhy;ypaikahf . cs;s ghlypy;; ‘neQ;Nr’ vd;Dk; tpsp ,lk; ngWfpwJ.

xope;Njhs; nfhz;l vd; cuk; nfO neQ;Nr ( Iq;: 329 – 5)

1.1.18. gphp;e;J kPz;likapy;

jiytd; nghUsPl;Lk; nghUl;L jiytpia gphpe;J tpid Kbe;jgpd; kPz;Lk;

,y;yj;jpw;F tUk; epfo;Nt gphpe;J kPz;lik MFk;.

tpidtapw; gphpe;j jiykfd; tpidKbe;J kPSq;fhiy ,iltopapy; jiytpia

epide;J tUe;Jk; jd; neQ;rplk; ,Us; ePq;FkhW tpbAk; tiu vhpAk; tpsf;F

tpsq;Ffpd;w tpz;izj; njhl;Lepw;Fk; ek; nghpa khspifaplj;Nj epye;Njha ePz;L

tsh;e;j fhpa $e;jiyAila ek; fhjypapd; Njky; glh;e;j Kiy mOfpidg; ghuhl;b

ePz;l %q;fpy; Nghd;w mofpa Njhspidr; Nrh;e;J ,g;nghOJ kfpo;tha; vd;W neQ;rplk;

$Wk; ghlypy; neQ;Nr vd;Dk; tpsp mike;Js;sJ.

ct ,dp- thopa neQ;Nr! – ik mw ( mfk;. 87 - 12)

nghUs; <l;Ljw;Fj; jiytpiag; gphpe;J nrd;w jiytd; jhd; tpUk;gpathNw

epuk;gg; nghUs; <l;b Kbe;jTld; kPz;L tUgtd; ,ilr;Ruj;Nj jiytpia epide;J

tUe;Jk; jd; neQ;rplk $wpa ghlypy; ‘neQ;Nr’ vd;Dk; tpsp ,lk; ngw;Ws;sJ.

mt;thp
 Kaq;Ffk; nrd;Nkh- neQ;Nr!-thpEjy; (mfk;. 93 - 16)

MFk;

jiytd; jiytpia tpl;L ePq;fpg; nghUsPl;b te;jtd; kPz;Lk; nghUsPl;lf; fUJk;

nghOJ jd; neQ;rpidg; ghu;j;J

gpd;dpd;W JHf;Fk; neQ;rk; epd;tha; (mfk;. 3 - 13)

Ms;tpidf;F vjpupa kPsp neQ;Nr (mfk;.379 - 4)

Nfspdp thopa neQ;Nr! (mfk;. 353 - 2)

vd mz;ik> Nra;ik tpspapy; miog;gijf; fhzyhk;.

,ilr;Ruk; - jspu;

tiutpil itj;Jg; gpupe;j jiytd; kPs;fpwhd;. ,ilr;Ruj;Jf; Fioe;j khtpd; jspiuf;

fz;L

vd;Ndhw;widNah khtpd; jspNu! (Iq;.365:5)

gythd kpFe;j ey;y moFfis vy;yhk; gpwu; tpUk;GkhW ngw;wjw;F vd;d jtk;

nra;jidNah vd khe;jspiu tpspf;fpwhd;.

fhjypiag; gphpe;J nrd;W nghUsPl;b tu Ntz;Lk; vd;W tw;GWj;jpa neQ;rpw;Fj;

jiytd; $Wk; ghlypy; ‘neQ;Nr’ vd;w tpsp mike;Js;sJ.

Nrf;Ftk; nfhy;Nyh – neQ;Nr! G+g;Gid (mfk;. 225 - 14)

rhay; vd;gjw;F njhy;fhg;gpa ghly; thp>

rhay; vd;DQ; nrhy; nka;> tha;> fz;> %f;F>

nrtp vd;Dk; Ik;nghwpahd; EfUk;

nkd;ikia czh;j;Jk;

vd er;rpdhh;ff
; pdpah; tpsf;Ffpwhh;.
291-22)

1.1.19. Clypy; neQ;R

Cly;

fUj;J NtWghl;lhy; tUk; (rpwpa) gpzf;F> ngha;f; Nfhgk; nfhs;Sjy; vdTk;

Cly; vd;gJ gpzf;fpf; nfhs;Sk; xU tif elj;ijg; ghq;F. ,J cstpay;

mbg;gilapy; Njhd;WfpwJ vdTk; $WfpwJ21.

Cly; ePl;bj;Jypy;

Cly; vd;gJ ngha;f;Nfhgk;. ngUk;ghYk; jiytpNa jiytd; kPJ Cly;

nfhs;tJ tof;fk;. ,jidj; njhy;fhg;gpak;>

mtd; Fwpg;G mwpjy; Ntz;bAk; fpotp

mfk;kyp Cly; mfw;rpf; fz;Zk;

Ntw;Wikf; fstp Njhw;wTk; ngWNk22

vd;W $WfpwJ.

jiytpapd; Cliyj; jPh;f;f ciuj;j nkhopfs; gadpd;wpf; fope;j top jiytd;

jd; neQ;ir Nehf;fp $Wtjpy; neQ;Nr vd;w tpsp mike;Js;sJ.

mt;tup>

,idkjp thopah; neQ;Nr! kidkuj;J (FW. 19 - 3)

MFk;.

,jidj; njhy;fhg;gpah;

czh;g;G tapd; thuh Clw;fz; jiytd; Gyj;jy; (njhy;:fw;:15)

vd tpsf;Ffpd;whh;.

tUe;jpf; $wypy;

fw;Gf; fhyj;Nj jiytp jiytDld; Cb ,Ue;jhs;.; jiytd; jhd; jtwpyd;

vd mts; Cly; jPh;f;fg; gzpitg; Gyg;gLj;Jk; nkhopfs; gytw;iwAk; gyfhy; $wp

,ue;jhd; ,ue;Jk; Njwhsha;g; gpd;Dk; Cbdhs;. mg;nghOJ jiytd; jd;ndQ;ir

Nehf;fp tUe;jpf; $wpaikahy; ,t;tpsp te;Js;sJ.

gpd;dpiy tplhm klk;nfO neQ;Nr (mfk;.126 - 22)

tpspg;gijf; fhzKbfpwJ.

1.1.20. myupy;

fsnthOf;fj;jpd; NghJk;> fw;G tho;tpd; NghJk; myh; epfOk;.

myh; vdg;gLk; gpwhpd; Gwk; NgRjy; jiytd; jiytpapd; fsT> fw;G tho;f;iff;F
23
cuk; Nrh;g;gjhff; Fwpg;gh;

jiytd; gphptjhy; jiytf;F clypy; griy ghAk;. Nkdp thLk;. ,t; NtWghL fz;L

Cuhh; myh; J}w;Wth;. jiytd; gphpT fstpYk; cz;L@ fw;gpYk; cz;L. myh; vOtjhy;

jiytd;> jiytp ,Uthpd; cs;sj;jpYk; xUth; kPJ xUth; nfhs;Sk; Ntl;if

mjpfkhFk;.

,jidj; njhy;fhg;gpak;>

myhpy; Njhd;Wk; fhkj;J kpFjp24

vd;fpwJ.

1.1.21. fow;nwjpuypy;

fowpa ghq;fDf;F jiytd; fow;nwjpUk; epiyapy;

mk;k thop! Nfspu;! Kd; epd;W (mfk;. 130 - 1)

Nfspu; vDk; tpsp cs;sJ.

1.2. jiytpia tpspj;jy;

1.2.1. klit

jiytDld; jhDk; tUtjhff; $wpa jiytpia nry;Yk; topf; fLik $wp jtpu;fF
; k;

epiyapy; klit vd;w tpsp cupr; nrhy;NyhL klg;gk; nghUe;jpats; vd;w nghUspy;

,lk;ngw;Ws;sJ

klg;gk; vd;gjw;F Ngjik vd;gJ nghUs;.25

mt;tup

….edpkpf klit… (ew;. 162 : 8)

MFk;.
1.2.2. kle;ij

ngz;zpd; gUtq;fis Ngij> ngJk;ig> kq;if> kle;ij> mupit> njupit>

Ngupsk;ngz; vd tigg;gLj;Jth;.

,jpy; kle;ij vd;gJ 14 taJ Kjy; 19 taJ tiu cs;s ngz;izf; Fwpf;Fk;.26

jiytidr; re;jpf;f jiytp tuhj epiyapy; Njhopaplk; mtis Co;$l;l

xUtiunahUth; fz;L fhjyhy; fye;jgpd; jiytd; jd; Njhod; JizAld;

jiytpia kPz;Lk; $bdhd;. $b ePq;Fk;NghJ ,dp ,q;F tUk;nghJ cd; NjhopiaAk;

mioj;Jth vd mtd; $Wk; nghOJ ‘kle;ij’ vd;Dk; tpspiag; gad;gLj;jpaikiaf;

fhzKbfpwJ.

mt;tup

te;jprpd; thopNah> kle;ij! (Iq; 175 : 3)

MFk;.

Co; vd;gjw;F cyfr;#o;epiy. cyfKiw> cyfpaypd; ,aw;if epfo;rr

; p vd;w

tifapy; nghus; nfhz;lhy; rpwg;ghf ,Uf;Fk; vd epj;jpy; $Wfpwhh;.27,ilr;Ruj;J

Mw;whdhfpa jiytd; jd; neQ;rpw;Ff; $Wk; ghlypy; kle;ij vd;w nrhy; tpspahf

NrWk; kle;ij! …..(ew; : 113 : 6)

vd ,lk; ngw;Ws;sJ.

jiytd; jiytpia kzKbf;f jhNd tUtjhff; $Wkplj;J

xz;njhb kle;ij epd;id ahk; ngwpNd! (Iq; : 92 : 4)

vdTk;

ghq;fw; $l;lk; $b ePq;Fk; jiytd;> jiytpaplk;

,dp tUk; nghOJ epd; NjhopNahL tuNtz;Lk; vdf; $Wkplj;J

te;jprpd; thopNah kle;ij (Iq;: 175 : 2)

vdTk;
gUtj;jpy; tUtjhff; $wpr; nrd;w jiytd; Kd;Ng te;j epiyapy; jiytpiag;

ghu;j;J

,JNt kle;ij!............

cJNt kle;ij! (Iq;: 415: 1-2)

vdTk;

jiytd; tpidKw;wpg; GFe;jtd; jiytpiag; ghu;j;J

te;njdk; kle;ij epd; - Vu; ju tpiue;Nj (Iq;: 491 : 3)

vdTk;

gfw; Fwp ,lk; Gf;f jiytd; jiytpapd; fz;fis mts; gpd;Nd te;J nghj;Jkplj;J

Njhif khl;rpa kle;ij! (Iq;: 293 : 4)

vdTk; tpspg;gij mwpa KbfpwJ.

jiytpapd; kPJ md;G mjpfk;. nghUs; tapw; gpupa jiytd; jaq;Fk; epiyapy; jd;

neQ;rpw;Ff; $Wkplj;J

gy;ypUq; $e;jy; nky;ypay; kle;ij (mfk; : 43 : 11)

vd tpspf;fpwhd;.

1.2.3. kltuy;

kltuy; vd;gjw;F klg;gk;> Ngjik> fglkpd;ik – klg;gk; nghUe;jpats; vdg; nghUs;

jUfpwJ38.,d;g Efu;r;rpf;F Vw;w gUtj;jpy; jiytpNah> fhdfk; nrd;wtd; mq;Fs;s

tpyq;Ffisf; fhl;bg; NgRk; nghOJ

fz;bFk; kltuy;1 …(Iq;.419 : 4)

vd tpspf;fpwhd;.

1.2.4. khmNahs;

khmNahs; vd;gJ ngz;Zf;fhd mzq;F> Mlts;> Ml;b> ,sk;gpb> ,isahs;. fhe;ij>

fhhpif> Nfhij. rpWkp> Re;jup. RhpFoy;> ijas;. ey;yhs;. ehhp. Ez;zpil> ghiy>

G+it> ngz;L> kfLc> kfs;> kltuy;> klNths;;> khJ. khNahs;. khdpdp> kpd;tQ;rdp>

tQ;rp. tdpij> eq;if> kjq;fp> Atjp> tpwyp vd;w nah;fSs; xd;whFk; vd;fpwJ

jpdkyh; ,izajsk29.
khmNahs; vd;gjw;F khik epwj;jts; vd;w xU nghUSk; cz;L30.

ePyepw Nkdp cilats; vd;w nghUis kw;nwhU ,izajsk; $WfpwJ.31

khmNahs; vd;w nrhy; khik epwj;ijAk;> khats; Nghd;wts; vd;w ,U nghUisAk;

nfhs;Sk; epiyapy; vLj;jhsg;gl;Ls;sJ.

jiytDk;> jiytpAk; cld; Nghf;if Nkw; nfhz;ldh;. ,ilr;Ruj;jpy; jiytpaplk;.

Eku; tupd; kiwFntd; - khmNahNs! (ew;: 362 : 10)

vd;fpwhd;.

ghriwf; fz;zpUe;j jiytd;> gUt tutpy; cUT ntspg;ghL fz;L nrhy;Yk; nghOJ

……..fhz;Ftk; khmNahNs (Iq;: 446 : 2)

vd tpspf;fpwhd;.

jiytd; nghUsPl;lr;nrd;wtplj;Jj; jiytpia epidf;Fkplj;J

Ez;gy; jpj;jp khmNahNs (mfk;: 41 : 16)

jiytd; my;y Fwpg;gl;l

; topj; jd; neQ;rpw;Ff; $Wkplj;J

klyJ khz;l khmNahNs (mfk; : 62 : 16)

thapy; kWj;j Njhopaplk; jiytd; gjpypWf;Fk; nghOJ

xLq;F <h; Xjp khmNahNs (mfk;: 86 : 31)

ghriwf; fz; jiytd; jd; neQ;rpw;Ff; $Wkplj;J

…Gyf;Fq; nfhy; khmNahNs (mfk; :304 : 20)

1.2.5. mupit

mhpit vd;gJ 20 taJ Kjy; 25 taJ tiu cs;s ngz;izf; Fwpf;Fk;.32

jiytpahy; ,uTf;Fwp kWf;fg;gl;l Mw;whj jiytd; jiytpiag; ghu;j;J

………mk;kh mupit (ew;:192 : 7)

vd tpspf;fpwhd;.

mupit vDk; nrhy; jiytdhy; tpspf;fg;gLk; nghOJ gy milnkhopfNshL

mikfpwJ.

gUtj;jpy; tUtjhff; $wpa jiytd; Kd;dNu te;J jiytpaplk; NgRk; nghOJ

………….Ngupay; mupit (Iq;: 413 : 4)

 ……… nky;ypa mupit (Iq;: 414 : 3)

vdTk;

tpidKw;wpg; GFe;j jiytd;> jiytpaplk; NgRk; nghOJ

ed;Djy; mupit …..(Iq;: 492 : 5);

Ks;nsapw;W mupit…. (Iq;: 495 :5 )

Ngupay; mupit …..(Iq;: 497 : 3)

vdTk;

tpspg;gijf; fhzyhk;.

1.2.6. FWkfs;

1.2.6.1. thopNah FWkfs

thopa vd;w tpaq;Nfhs; tpid Kw;W Xfhuk; ngw;W thopNah vd;w milnkhop ngw;W

tpspaikfpwJ.

…thopNah FWkfs;! …

(ew;: 75 : 4)

jiytNdhL cld; Nghfpa jiytpia kUl;br; nrhy;Yk; nghOJ

thopa vd;w tpaq;Nfhs; tpid Kw;W Xfhuk; ngw;W thopNah vd;w milnkhop ngw;W

tpspaikfpwJ.

fz;brpd; thopNah FWkfs;!...(mfk;: 99 : 11)

1.2.6..2 ths; Ejy; FWkfs

jiykfisf; fz;Zw;W ePq;Fk; jiykfd; jd; neQ;rpw;Ff; $Wkplj;J

..Xjp ths; Ejy; FWkfs; (mfk;: 230 : 5)

vd;w milnkhopNahL ,lk; ngw;Ws;sJ.

1.2.6.3. thy; ,iof; FWkfs;

xs;spa mzpfyd;fis mzpe;jtshd ,isa kfNs vdg; nghUs; jUk; epiyapy;

…………..thy; ,iof; FWkfs; (ew; 76 : 5)

vdTk;

1.2.6.4. ngUe;Njhl; FWkfs;

ngupa Njhis cilats; vd;w milnkhopNahL

ngUe;Njhl;FWkfs;…..(ew;: 80 : 8)

vdTk;

1.2.6.5. xz;Zjw; FWkfs;

Jha;ikahd gw;fisAk;> xspnghUe;jpa new;wp cilats; vd;w mil nkhopNahL

….thnyapw;W xz;Zjw; FWkfs; …..(ew;: 240 : 2)

vdTk; tpspg;gij mwpa KbfpwJ.;

1.2.6.6. nky;ypay; FWkfs;

nghUs;tapw; gpupitj; jtpu;fF

; k; epiyapy; jiytd;

nky;ypay; FWkfs;! Gye;J gy $wp (mfk;: 75 : 20)

vd tpspf;fpwhd;

1.2.7. Xjp

Xjp vd;gjw;F mfuhjp gy nghUs;fs; je;jhYk; ngz;kaph; vd;w xd;W kl;LNk clYld;

rhh;e;j cWg;ghFk33 ;.

1.2.7.1. fs;glu; Xjp

nghUs;Kw;wpa jiytd; jiytpaplk; NgRkplj;J

fs;glu; Xjp! epw;glu;e;J cs;sp (mfk;: 39 : 14)

1.2.7.2. $e;jy;

1.2.7.2.1. jhopUq; $e;jy;

jiytd; jhd; $wpr; nrd;w gUtj;jpw;F Kd;dNu te;J jiytpaplk; NgRk; nghOJ

jhopUq; $e;jy;!.... (Iq;.411 : 4)

vdTk;

1.2.7.2.2. gy;ypUq; $e;jy;

gy;ypUq; $e;jy;! (Iq;.429 : 1)

vdTk;
1.2.8. mzq;fpNahs;

my;y Fwpg;gl;l jiytd; jd; neQ;rpidg; ghu;j;J

ngwyUq;Fiuas; vd; mzq;fpNahNs….. (mfk;: 322 :15)

1.2.9. rPW}uhs;

jiytd; ghriwapypUe;j nghOJ

rPW}uhNs xz;Zjy;….(mfk;: 84 :10)

vd tpspf;fpwhd;.

1.2.10. Gidapio

Gidapio vd;w nrhy;Yf;Fr; rpwe;j ngz; vd mfuhjp nghUs; jUfpwJ34

tpidKw;wp kPz;l jiytd;> jiytpaplk; gpupe;j fhyj;jpy; “vd;id epidj;jhNah”;

vd tpdTkplj;J

….Gidapio! Nfs; ,dp…… (mfk; : 29 : 14)

1.2.11. Mapio

,io vd;gjw;F eif my;yJ Mguzk; vd;W nghUs;. ,jidg; gy epiyapy; mjd;

jd;ikf;F Vw;g ek; Kd;Ndhh; gad;gLj;jp cs;sdh;.

rhd;W

Ve;jpio

eiffis mofhf clypy; Ve;jpats;

Neupio

Neh;j;jpahf eiffis mzpe;jts;

thypio

J}a;ikahd eiffis mzpe;jts;

Nrapio

nrk;ikahd eiffis mzpe;jts;

vd;gJ nghUshfpwJ. Mdhy; ,it ek; gad;dhl;by; ,y;yhjjhy; tof;fpwe;J tpl;ld

vd wordpress.com35 njuptpf;fpwJ.

Mapio
njupe;njLj;j mzpfyid mzpe;jts; vd tiyj; jkpo;. fhk; nghUs; jUfpwJ.

nghUs;tapw; gpupitj; Njhop jLj;J epWj;Jk; nghOJ jiytd;;

mwd; mQ;ryNu Mapio!... (mfk; : 144:7)

fz;zjhrNdh jk; jpiug;glg; ghlypy;

md;Gs;s mj;jhd; tzf;fk;

cq;fs; Mapio nfhzlhs; kaf;fk;

vd mikj;Jg; gpd;

nghd;kzp Nkfiy G+kpapy; tPOk;

Gyk;Gk; rpyk;gpuz;Lk; vd;id tpl;L XLk;

vdf; $wpajpypUe;J vj;jid Njh;e;njLj;j eiffis mzpe;jpUf;fpwhs; vd;gij czu

KbfpwJ36.

Mdhy; ts;StNdh

tho;jy; caph;ff
; z; Mapio rhjy;

mjw;fd;ds; ePq;Fk; ,lj;J (Fws; : 1124)

vd;w Fwspy; Fwpg;gpl;l Mapio vd;gjw;F Ma;e;j mhpa gz;GfisNa mzpfydha;g;

G+z;lts; vd;fpwhh37gpupe;J kPz;l jiytd; kPz;Lk; gpupaf; fUJk; NghJ tUe;jpa

1.2.12. new;wp

ey; + Ejy; = ed;Djy;

ed;Djy; vd;gjw;F mofpa new;wpia ciats; vd jkpo; tpf;rdhp38 nghUs; jUfpwJ.

jiytpia

ed;Djy;!ahNd nryT xope;jdNd (Iq;. 426 : 2)

vdTk;

1.2.13. Nehpiw

tpidKw;wp kPz;l jiytd; jiytpaplk;

Neupiw Kd; if! (Iq;. 493 : 4)

vdTk;

1.2.14. Ejy;
Nte;jw;F cw;Wopg; gpupe;j jiytd; tpid Kw;wp kPs;fpwhd;. gUttutpd; fz;

jiytpia epidj;Jf; $Wk; nghOJ

…………..thz; EjNy! (Iq;. : 447 : 4)

vd tpspg;gij mwpayhk;.

kltuy; cz;fz; ths;Ejy; tpwyp1 (Gwk;. : 89)

kidf;F tpsf;fhfpa ths;Ejy; fztd; (Gwk; : 314)

1.2.15. xz;njhb

xz;njhb – xsp nghUe;jpa tisay;

xz;njhb kfspu; nghyq;fyj;J Ve;jpa

kzq;fko; Njwy; (Gwk; : 24)

xz;njhb kfsph; tz;ly; maUk; (FW : 238)

xzlnjhb kfsph; kLg;g kfpo; rpwe;J (Gwk; : 56)

fz;L Nfl;L cz;L caph;j;j cw;wwpAk; Ik;GyDk;

xz;njhb fz;Nz cs (Fws; : 1101)

jiytpAk; NjhopAk; xUq;Nf cs;s nghOJ jiytd; tUfpwhd;. jiytpNah kdk;

nghUe;jhJ tpyfp epw;fpwhs;. me;epiyapy; jiytd;

…………….GJkyu; ehWk; xz;njhb! (Iq;.176 : 2)

vdTk;

1.2.16. eyk; ghuhl;lypy; eP

fstpy; jiytpiaf; $ba jiytd; jiytpapd; eyj;ijg; ghuhl;Lk; nghOJ ePNa!

vd tpspg;gijf; fhzKbfpwJ.

Nta; tdg;Gw;w Njhis ePNa!...(ew;: 82 : 2)

1.3. thapy;fs; - tpsp

jiytd; thapy;fisg; ghh;j;J tpspf;Fk; epiyapidg; gpd; tUkhE gFj;J tpsf;fyhk;.

1.3.1. mz;ik tpsp

njhy;fhg;gpah; mz;ikapy; cs;Nshiu tpspj;J miof;Fk; nghJ dfu ,W md;. m

MFk; vd;fpwhh;.

me;E}w;gh

mz;ikr; nrhy;ypw;F mfuKk; MFk; (njhy;.tpsp.131)

vd;gjhFk;.

1.3.2. ghh;g;gd kfd;

jiytdplk; ghq;fd; $wpa nra;jpfSf;Fj; jiytd; gjpy; $WtJ vd;w

epiyapy; ,f;$w;W mikfpwJ.

me;jzdhfpa ghq;fd; murdhfpa jiytid Nehf;fp eP tpUk;gpaJ Ntjj;jhy;

tpsf;fpf; $wg;gLk; kaf;fk; vd;W $wpdhd;. jiytd;> mtid Nehf;fp Ntjj;jpy;

Kw;gpwg;gpy; gphpe;jtiu ,g;gpwg;gpy; $l;Ltpf;Fk; cghak; ,Uf;Fkhapd; mJ Ntjj;jhy;

tpyf;fg;gl;l kaf;fk; vdf; $Wjy; nghUe;jhJ vd;whd;. gphpe;Njhiug; Gzh;f;Fk;

nkhopfs; Ntjj;Js; ,NjhgNjrk; vdg;gLk;. mit kUe;J Nghy; gad; jUtd jhd;

tpUk;gpa fhjyp gpwtpfs; NjhWk; jd;ndhL cld; tUgts; vdf; $wp mtis ,d;wpj;

jhd; tho;jy; ,ayhJ vd;gij czh;j;jpg; ghq;fDf;F $Wtjpy; ghh;g;gd kfNd!

vd;Dk; cwT tpsp te;Js;sJ.

mt;thpfs;>

ghh;g;gd kfNd! ghh;g;gd kfNd!

MFk;.

vd;w tpjpg;gb ghh;g;gdd; - ghh;;g;gd vd;w mz;ik tpspahfpaJ.

njhy;fhg;gpah; ghh;g;gdUf;Fhpajhf>

E}Ny fufk; Kf;Nfhy;> kizNa

MAq;fiy me;jzh;f;F chpa (njhy;:kugp:70)

vdf; $Wfpwhu;.

J}J
xUtu; jd; fUj;ijg; gpwUf;F Neupilahfr; nrhy;y ,ayhj epiyapy; kw;w xUtu;

%yk; njuptpg;gJ J}J vdyhk;.

kdpju;fs; J}jhfr; nrd;why; mtu;fis thapy;fs; vd;gu;. ,jidj; njhy;fhg;gpau;

Njhop jhNa ghu;g;ghd; ghq;fd;

ghzd; ghbdp ,isau;; tpUe;jpdu;

$j;ju; tpwypau; mwptu; fz;Nlhu;

ahj;j rpwg;gpd; thapy;fs; vd;g39

vdf; $Wfpwhu;.

J}J nrhy; rpwg;G

J}J vd;w nrhy;Yf;F cs;s jdpg ngUk; rpwg;ig

“ xU neby; vOj;Jk; mNj vOj;jpd;FwpYk; Nru;e;J nghUs; jUk;gbahd nrhy; J}J

vd;w XNu nrhy; kl;LNk:” vd;fpwhu; yjh Mde;j;.40

Xjy; gif J}J ,it gpupNt41

vd;fpwhu; njhy;fhg;gpau;.

1.3.3. ghzu;

gz;Zf;F Vw;w ghly;fisg; ghLgtu; ghzu;fs;. ,tu;fspy; ,irg; ghzu;fs;>

aho;g;ghzu;fs;> kz;ilg; ghzu;fs; vd;w %d;W tifapdu; Mtu; vd;fpwJ ,izajsk;

42
ghzu;fs; mfj;jpiz thapy;fshfTk; nray;gl;Ls;sdu;.

ghz

Cly;

Cly; vd;gJ ngha;f; Nfhgk; vdg;gLk;. ,jid ts;Sth; Jdp. Gytp vd;Dk;

nrhw;fshy; NtWgLj;jpf; fhl;Lfpwhh Gyttp gOf;fhj fha; Nghd;wJ. Jdp gOj;j gok;
43
Nghd;wJ vdr; RUf;fkhff; $wyhk;.

J}J

Cly; ePlypy;
 guj;ijapw; gphpe;j jiytd; jiytpapd; Cly; jzpaj; jd; Gjy;tDld; ,y;yk;

GFe;jhd;. mg;gbAk; jiytp Cly; ePl;bj;J eP ahh;? vd;W Nfl;fpd;whs;. ghzdplk;

jiytd; jiytp Nfl;gJ eifahdJ vd;W Cly; jzpa ciuf;Fk; ghlypy; ghz

vd;Dk; tpsp mike;Js;sJ.

,jid>

eFfk; thuha; - ghz! gFtha;

mhpa nga; fpz;fpzp Mh;g;g njUtpy; (ew;. : 250 : 1> 2)

vd;w thpfs; czh;j;JfpwJ.

rpWth; fhypy; fpz;fpzp mzpag; ngWtij

mhpnghyp fpz;fpzp Mh;g;G xthJ mb jl;g (fyp. : 8 : 6)

vd;gJk; xg;G Nehf;fj;jf;fjhFk;.

jiytpapd; Cly; ePs;fpwJ. jiytDf;F Mw;whik kpFfpwJ.

,e;epiyapy; jiytd;; ghzid mioj;J Kd;; epfo;e;jitfisf; $Wkplj;J ghz

vd;w tpsp ,;l

; k; ngw;Ws;sJ.

mt; tup

thuha; ghz eFfk;…. (ew; 150:1)

jiytpaplk;

kd;dDf;Fg; Nghh;j;Jizahfr; nrd;w jiykfd; chpa gUtj;Nj kPs

,ayhjtdhfp ghzNd. vk; jiytp jd; Fsph;e;j kyh;NghYk; neLq;fz;fd; griy

ghag;ngw;W vd;Nky; nfhz;l Gytp kpf cilatsha; ngUe;Jauk; va;jp

nghWj;jjw;fhpa epidTfshy; my;yYWths; mtSila nrayw;w neQ;rpw;F crhj;

Jizahf eP tpiue;J nrd;W rpwpJ nghOJ jho;g;ghnadpy; Mq;F vk; Njh; tUjiyj;

jtwhJ fhz;gha; vd ghzid J}J mDg;gpa ghlypy; ‘ghz’ vd;Dk; tpsp cs;sJ.

mt;tup

fhz;Fit kd;dhy; - ghz! vk; NjNu (Iq; : 471 :5)

vd;gjhFk;.

jiytdplk;
jiytd; tpidNkw;nrd;W tpid tplg; ngwdha;g; ghriwapy; jq;fpdhd;. Mw;whik

kpf;f jiytp jd; fztd;ghy; ghzidj; J}jhf tpLj;jhs;. mtd; nrd;W jiytp

nrhd;dtw;iwf; Nfl;l jiykfd; mr;nrhw;fs; jd; jdpikj; Jah;f;F kUe;jhFk; vd

kfpo;e;J $Wk; ghlypy; ghz vd;Dk; tpsp ,lk;ngw;Ws;sJ.

mt;thp>

nrhy;Ykjp ghz! nrhy;YNjhW ,dpa (Iq;.: 479 : 1)

MFk;.

,q;Fk; mz;ik tpspahifahy; ghzd; vd;gJ ghz vd;whdJ.

1.3.4. ghf!

tpidKw;wp kPsypy;

tpidia ed;F Kbj;Jj; jd; ehl;il Nehf;fp kPSk; epiyapy; Kd;id epfo;Tfisf;

$wpj; Njupid tpiue;J nrYj;jr; nrhy;Yk; NghJ ghf vd;w tpsp

kwj;jw;F mupjhy; ghf! (ew;. : 42 :1)

……ghf! epd; NjNu (ew;. : 81 : 5)

mwpjYk; mwpjpNah – ghf! (ew;. : 105 : 1)

nry;f ghf! – epd; nra;tpid neLe;Nju; (ew;. : 221 : 7)

nry;f ghf! epd; NjNu (ew;. : 242 : 6)

vd ,lk; ngw;Ws;sijf; fhz KbfpwJ.

tpidKw;wp kPz;l jiytd; Nju;g;ghfdplk; jiytpiaf; fhz tpiuthfj; Njiur;

nrYj;Jf! vDkplj;J ghf vDk; nrhy; gy ghly;fspy; NtWgl;l mil nkhopfSld;

Iq;FW E}w;wpy; ,lk; ngw;Ws;sJ.

mit

ty;tpiue;J flTkjp ghf! (Iq;. 482:2)

Kd;Dwf; flTkjp ghf! (Iq;. 483:3)

fbaf; flTkjp ghf! (Iq;. 484:2)

gphpe;jpUf;Fk; fhjyh;fF
; xUehs; fopjiy

xUehs; vOehs; Nghy; nry;Yk; Nrl; nrd;whu;

tU ehs; itj;J Vq;Fgth;fF

; (jpUf; : 1269)

vd;gJ xg;G Nehf;fj;jf;fjhFk;.

tpidKw;wp kPSk; jiytd; jd; Nju;g;ghfw;Fj; Njiu tpiuthfr; nrYj;jf; $Wk;

nghOJ ghf vd;w tpsp

Cu;f ghf! xUtid fopa (mfk;. : 44 : 6)

flTf fhz;Ftk; - ghf! ….(mfk;. : 54 : 6)

……ghf! cs;s mzp (mfk;. : 64 : 1)

nry;f ghf! epd; ey;tpid neLe;Nju; (mfk;. : 204 : 9)

ehL jpiw nfhz;ldk; Mapdk; ghf! (mfk;. : 334 : 3)

vd gapd;W te;Js;sJ.

tpidKw;wp jpUk;Gk; jiytd; tpidtapw; nry;Yk; gphpTzh;j;jpa NghJ mts; kWnkhop

$whJ kpf tUe;jp Qhoy; kuj;jpd; G+q;nfhj;Jfisg; gwpj;J cjph;j;jhs;. ghfNd

,t;tsT klikAilath;fisf; fhz tpiue;J nry;tJ ek; flikad;Nwh? vdNt

mjw;Nfw;g tpiue;J Njiu nrYj;Jf vdg; ghfid tpspj;Jf; $wpa ghlypYk; ghf

vd;w tpsp mike;Js;sJ.

,jid>

mwpjYk; mwpjpNah ghf! ngUq;fly; (FW:106)

vdg; Gyg;gLj;Jfpd;wJ.

kPd; Nghd;w fz;fshy; clk;Gk;> njhpj;Jf;$Wk; ,d; nrhy;yhy; thAk; njUkuyhy;

cs;sKk; Mfpa jiytpapd; kdk;> nkhop> nka; vd;Dk; %d;W cWg;GfshYk; jhd;

cw;w Jd;gj;ijj; jiytd; ghfdplk; $wpdhd;. khiyf;fhyk; jdf;Fk; jd; fhjypf;Fk;

Jd;gk; jUtjhfyhDk; khiyapy; jiytp jd; tuT vz;zp ,y;Kd;dh;f; fhj;jpUg;ghhs;

MjyhDk; khiy tUtjw;Fs; jd; ,y;yj;ij mila fhw;iwg; Nghy tpiue;J nry;Yk;
Fjpiuia eP ,d;Dk; tpiuthfr; nrYj;Jtha; vd;W ghfdplk; $Wk; ghf vd;Dk; tpsp

te;Js;sJ.

fLkhf; flTkjp-ghf!-neL ePh;.. (FW. : 250 : 4)

,t;tplj;Jk; mz;ik tpspahjyhy; ghfd;. ghf vd;whdJ.

1.3.5. tyt

ghfd; vd;w nrhy;Yf;Fg; gjpyhf tytd; vd;w nrhy; Gytuhy; vLj;jhsg;gl;Ls;sJ.

mt;tup

Vkjp tyt NjNu! cJf;fhd; (ew;. : 21 : 5)

vd;gjhFk;.

tpidKw;wp kPz;l jiytd; Nju;g;ghfdplk; jiytpiaf; fhz tpiuthfj; Njiur;

nrYj;Jf! vDkplj;J tyt vDk; nrhy; gy ghly;fspy; NtWgl;l mil nkhopfSld;

Iq;FW E}W> mfehD}w;wpy; ,lk; ngw;Ws;sJ.

mit

Ks;spl;L Cu; kjp tyt!..... (Iq;. : 481 : 3)

Vkjp tytu; NjNu - (Iq;.: 485 : 3)

…njupe;J}u; kjp tyt! (Iq;.:.486 : 4)

E}ywp tyt! (mfk;. : 114 : 8)

……Vkjp tyt! (mfk; . :34 : 10)

Cu;kjp tyt!....... (mfk;. : 154 : 14)

thopNah ifAil tyt! (mfk.; : 344 : 11)

vd;gdthFk;.

jiytdpd; mz;ik tpspahy; tytd; tyt vd;whfpaJ.

1.4. njhFg;Giu

ngaiu miog;gJ my;yJ $g;gpLtJ tpsp Ntw;Wik MFk;. ,t;tpspia

mz;ik> Nra;ik vd nghJthfg; gFf;fyhk;. mz;ik tpsp caph; ,Wjp> nka; ,Wjp

vd ,Utiffspy; jiytd; $w;wpy; tpsp ,lk;ngw;Ws;sJ.

mz;iktpspapy; caph; ,Wjpahf jiytd; $w;wpy; mike;j tpsp Njhop MFk;.

 mz;ik tpspapy; nka; ,Wjpiaf; nfhz;l tpsp ghfd;> ghzd; vd;w ,uz;L

kl;LNk jiytd; $w;wpy; mike;Js;sJ.

m/wpiz tpspapy; neQ;Nr vd;w tpsp jiytd; $w;wpy; mike;Js;sJ.

Fwpg;Gfs;

1. Rgh~; re;jpuNgh]; jkpo;fsQ;rpak; - 3 njhy;fhg;gpak;> nghUsjpfhuk; fstpay;. g.77

2. www.marapuppadalkal.com

3. njhy;. fsT. 107

4. njhy;.fsT. 1096

5. njhy;.fsT. 1075

6. www.ta.m.wikisource.org.

7. njhy;. nghUs;. E}w; 131

8. www.tamilwiktionary.com

9. njhy;:fw;:12

10. njhy;. nka; 6;

11. jpUf;Nfhitahh; - xspnewp Kw;Nrh;f;if -1 pdf/282

12. www.tamilwiktionary.com

13. njhy;:. mfj; : 9

14. Mrpupakhiy

15. gl;b:. 218 - 219

16. njhy;:fw;44

17. njhy;:mfj;:1

18. fyp:11

19. gl;bdg;ghiy : 219 – 220

20. njhy;.808
21. www.ta.m.wiktionary.org

22. njhy;.157

23. Rgh~;re;jpuNgh~; K.fh.E} fw;. 135)

24. njhy;:fw;:1107

25 www.valaitamil.com

26. www.ta.m.wikisource.org

27. Co; : ennappinalgalblogspot.com

28. www.sollavallan.com

29. ngz;Zf;F vj;jid ngah;fs; : www.dinamalar.com

30. www.solalvallan.com

31. www.mbasic.com

32. www.ta.m.wiktionary.org

33. www.thirutham blogspot.com

34. .www.agarahi.com

35. www.wordpress.com

36. ftpauR fz;zjhrd; fhzq;fs; kl;Lk; - www.facebook.com).

37. wwwKural.pro.com

38. www.ta.m.wiktionary.com

39. njhy;. fw;. 1139

40. www.Kungumam.co.in

41. njhy;. mfj;. 27

42. www.kondalaathi blogspot.com

43. www.ta.m.wikipedia.org