Kean Elijah T.

Janaban STEM 12-A

PROBLEM SOLVING:
1. A solution is prepared by dissolving 38.7g of nonelectrolyte into 218g of water. The freezing point
of the solution is measured to be−5.53°𝐶. Calculate the molar mass of the solute. Kf of water
=1.86°𝐶/𝑚

Known
∆𝑇𝑓 = −5.53°𝐶
𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝐻2𝑂 218 𝑔 = 0.218 𝑘𝑔
𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒 = 38.7 𝑔 𝑘𝑓(𝐻2𝑂)
= 1.86°𝐶/𝑚

Unknown
𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒 =? 𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙

Solution
∆𝑇𝑓 −5.53°𝐶
𝑚= ,= = 2.97 𝑚

−𝐾𝑓 − (1.86°𝑚𝐶 )

mol = 𝑚 × 𝑘𝑔 𝐻2𝑂 = 2.97 𝑚 × 0.218 𝑘𝑔 = 0.64746 𝑜𝑟 𝟎. 𝟔𝟒𝟖 𝒎𝒐𝒍

mass of unknown 38.7g
molar mass = = = 59.7222 g/mol 𝑜𝑟 𝟓𝟗. 𝟕 g/mol moles of
unknown 0.648mol

Answer:

59.7 g/mol is the molar mass of the unknown solute.

2. 5g of an organic solid is dissolved in 100g of benzene. The boiling temperature of this solution is
82.42°𝐶. the boiling temperature of pure benzene is 80.10°𝐶, kb = 2.53°𝐶/𝑚. What is the
molecular weight of the unknown compound?

Known
∆𝑇𝑓 = T solution – T pure solvent = 82.42°𝐶 − 80.10°𝐶 = 2.32°𝐶
𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑏𝑒𝑛𝑧𝑒𝑛𝑒 100𝑔 = 0.100 𝑘𝑔
𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒 = 5 𝑔
𝑘𝑏(𝐶6𝐻6) = 2.53°𝐶/𝑚

Unknown
𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒 =? 𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙

Solution
∆𝑇𝑓 2.32°𝐶
𝑚= ,= = 0.9169 𝑚 𝑜𝑟 0.92 𝑚
𝐾𝑏 2.53°𝐶/𝑚
 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒 = 𝑚 × 𝑘𝑔 𝐶6𝐻6 = 0.92 𝑚 × 0.100 𝑘𝑔 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟗𝟐 𝒎𝒐𝒍
𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑢𝑛𝑘𝑛𝑜𝑤𝑛 5𝑔 𝑔
𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 = = 54.3478 𝑜𝑟 𝟓𝟗. 𝟑𝟓 𝒈/𝒎𝒐𝒍
= 𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑢𝑛𝑘𝑛𝑜𝑤𝑛
0.092 𝑚𝑜𝑙

Answer:
59.35 g/mol is the molecular weight of the organic compound.

3. When 27.3g of nonvolatile molecular substance is dissolved in 300g of water, the solution begins
to freeze at−0.49°𝐶. Find the molar mass of the solute?

Known
∆𝑇𝑓 = −0.49°𝐶
𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝐻2𝑂 300 𝑔 = 0.300 𝑘𝑔
𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒 = 27.3 𝑔 𝑘𝑓(𝐻2𝑂)
= 1.86°𝐶/𝑚

Unknown
𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒 =? 𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙

Solution
∆𝑇𝑓 −0.49°𝐶
𝑚= ,= = 0.26 𝑚
−𝐾𝑓 −(1.86°𝐶/𝑚)
𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒 = 𝑚 × 𝑘𝑔 𝐻2𝑂 = 0.26 × 0.300 𝑘𝑔 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟕𝟖 𝒎𝒐𝒍
𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑢𝑛𝑘𝑛𝑜𝑤𝑛 27.3 𝑔
𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 = = = 350 𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑜𝑟 𝟑𝟓𝟎 𝒈/𝒎𝒐𝒍
𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑢𝑛𝑘𝑛𝑜𝑤𝑛 0.078 𝑚𝑜𝑙

Answer:

350 g/mol is the molar mass of the unknown solute.