SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY &

SOCIETY
CHAPTER 1. HISTORY OF SCIENCE AND

TECHNOLOGY

LESSON 1 LESSON 2 LESSON 3 LESSON 4 LESSON 5

Introduction to History of
The Alchemis: Not
Natural Philosophers: The
The Engineers: The
The Scientists: Version

Science and Technology the Wizard “how’s” and “why’s” of us Artist 2.0
CHAPTER 1 - HISTORY OF SCIENCE AND

TECHNOLOGY GREAT BUILDERS IN THE

"WHAT IS MATTER?" "WHAT IS MATTER?"

- Ancient Greek philosophers
HISTORY
- The Scientific Method is given
- science is not a single idea. came up with theories to answer the "how's"
credit to three great intellectuals .
- Alchemist are people who practiced
and "why's" in the world. - Egyptians, Babylonians,
1.Galileo Galilei (Italian Scientist, 1564)

Atomic Model and Theory

Alchemy, conducting experiments and
Mesoamericans and Romans
Timeline PRE-SOCRATIC (Experimentalist)
Science is
theories trying to answer the perennial
- "School of thoughts", wherein they do
ROMANS - re-invented the telescope (1609)

question "rational debates" to generate knowledge - great builders, builds the most famous

Systematic - stands cosmological understanding and

- Observe some
"Alchemy" THALES (European Philisopher) domes that still stand todays supports Heliocentrism (1611)
- means "black earth" - first to made and proved his theorem
-"Hoe to apply the knowledge", Romans
- "Science is the uncovering of God's work"
specific aspect of
symbolizing the rich (Thales's Theorem) adopted the Greeks knowledge . - "Assayer" (1623); scientist should be free to

the world. and fertile land of "Khem" - contribute on crafting knowledge TWO FORMS OF KNOWLEDGE do works.
- conduct an
(Egypt) - he belived that things have souls - Techne (Technology) ; useful or
- "Dialogue of the Two Chief Systems of the

experiment to
- a philosophical manner of thinking
ANAXIMANDER practical knowledge Cosmos" (1623)
answer some
about changing the world - first European philosopher to contribute to
- Episteme (Epistemology); an abstract
2. Francis Bacon (1561) (Practical

questions about
- chemistry came from the word
the body of knowledge knowledge Thinker)
"alchemy" - "Apeiron", formless initial state of universe. "Architectons" or "Architects " - new replacement of system of

the world. Decknamen EMPEDOCLES - people who builds war machines (in
understanding natural philosophy; it should

"NILLIUS IN
- a codes used by alchemist which
- "On Nature", his book containing his
Ancient Mediterranean time) be experimentally proven
VERBA" means words in their books are "not
theories on four classical elements, the earth,
ARCHIMEDES OF SYRACUSE - "New Atlantis" (1626) "Solomon's House"
= "no one's word" what it seems" fire, water and air - famous mathematician and a great
3. Rene Descartes (1596) (Pure Philosopher)
- "College for the promoting of Physico-
Two kinds of Alchemical metals: SOCRATES (Natural Philosopher) craftsman, who invented water screw and
- "Cartesian coordinates"
Mathematical Experimental Learning"
- Noble metals - gold and silver - Socratic Method , the art of questioning,
compound pulley. -"Discourse on the Method" (1637) "how do we

(1660) - Base metals - mercury, copper, iron,

used in many disciplines -invented a lot of war machines to help
know what we know"
- "Royal Society of London for the
tin and lead. - Scientific Inquiry Method, constantly asking
Greeks to fight the Romans 1840, the term "scientist"
Improvement of Natural Knowledge"
Two forms and transmutation questions to create test and hypothesis. ROMAN INFRASTRACTURES &
Isaac Newton (1643) (English Scientific

(1663) - Particulars - one transmutation PLATO ROMAN EMPIRE Titan)

- "Societies of Philosophical
- Universals - (Philosophers stone)
Transactions" (old peer-reviewed
Alchemy around the World
- Pantheon in Rome (dome)
- a philosopher and a scientist - "Opus Caementitum" (concretes) - Discoveries: Calculus; Three Laws of Motion
- Metacognition, thinking about your own
Antoine Laurent De Lavoisier (1743)

scientific journals) - China - ideas of nature; "Feng Shui" ;

thinking; Academy, the physical schools _ "Arch Aqueducts" to move the water (Frence Noble man & Chemist)
William Whewell "waidan" or immortality - he believed that all material are made of
- "Cloaca Maxima" (Big Sewers) - Discoveries: Laws of Conservational Mass;

- India - Ayurvedic practice; natural

atoms with varied geometric shapes (Platonic
- "Apian Way" ("All roads, lead to Rome") State of Matter
- English Scientist (1840) medicine and preservation of health Solids) - Father of Modern Chemistry (1777)
- Termed the word "science" - "Flavian Amphiteater" the "Colosseum"
- Philippines - "babaylans" shamans ARISTOTLE - One out of three people in Rome, Italy,
Madam Marie Sklodowska Curie (1867)

Natural Philosophers to Scientist - Middle East - mathematics and

- common sense; ideas with empirical
French Physicist & Chemist
- "knowledge is power" were salves (includes educated people like

understanding heavens evidences; Lyceum of Aristotle, environment

engineers, architects, and even physicians) -"Theory of Reactivity"; atoms can be divided
Questions asked: - Persia - Jabir Ibn Hayyan "Geber" as a classroom - Marcus Vitruvius Pollio, during
- Discoveries: Thorium, Polonium, Radium
- What is good and bad? (behavior or
Persian alchemist; 3 thou. text of
- "On the Heavens", "On the Souls", his books
Hellenistic era and Greco-Roman times, his
Albert Einstein (1897) (German born

Scientist towards the future) alchemy practices like, minerology etc. on meta-physics; "Physics" his most
architectures sums up the concept of
Teoretical Physicist)
- How science and technology shaped What happened to Alchemy? influential textbook flourishing knowledge - Discoveries: Brownian Motion, Photo
society and vice versa. - separation of church and - "system of souls", the taxonomy he "Great builders create a portal for the Electric effect, Equevalence of mass and
- How to science things out? science created. people today." energy, Special Relative.