Experimental Report 4

PENDULUM OSCILLATION WITH PC INTERFACE

Name: Trương Diệp Ánh Verification of the instructors
Student ID: 20213656
Group: 1
Class: 716766

I. Experiment Motivations
- Understanding more about the harmonic oscillation.
- Verifying the value of gravity acceleration.
- Improving experimental skills.
II. Experimental result
Trial L1= 0.400 (m) L2= 0.500 (m) L3= 0.600 (m)
T1 (s) T2 (s) T3 (s)
1 1.261 1.414 1.573
2 1.249 1.433 1.566
3 1.257 1.416 1.571
4 1.251 1.419 1.567
5 1.255 1.413 1.574
T 1=1.255(s) T 2=1.419(s)
T 3=1.570(s)

√ √ √
5 5

∑ (T ¿¿i−T )2 ∑ (T ¿¿i−T )2 5

∑ (T ¿¿ i−T )2
ⅈ=1 ⅈ=1
s . d= ≈ 0.004 (s) ¿ s . d= ≈ 0.006(s) ¿ l̇=1
5 5 Δ T 3= ≈ 0.003(s
5
s. d s.d
→ ∆ T1 ≈ S . D ≈ ≈ 0.002(s) → ∆ T 2≈ S . D ≈ ≈ 0.003(s) s .d
√5 √5 → ∆ T3 ≈ S . D ≈ ≈ 0.001(s)
√5
1. Pendulum with vertical oscillation plan

2. Pendulum with inclined oscillation plan:

Trial θ1=0 o θ2 =10o θ3 =20o
T1 (s) T2 (s) T3 (s)
1 0.769 0.780 0.789
2 0.767 0.774 0.780
3 0.762 0.778 0.779
4 0.767 0.774 0.795
5 0.769 0.778 0.796
T 1=0.767( s) T 2=0.777( s) T 3=0.788(s)

√ √ √
5 5 5

∑ (T ¿¿i−T ) 2
∑ (T ¿¿i−T ) 2
∑
˙
(T ¿¿i −T )2
ⅈ=1 ⅈ=1 l =1
s . d= ≈ 0.002( s)¿ s . d= ≈ 0.002( s)¿ s . d= ≈ 0.006 ( s ) ¿
5 5 5
s.d s.d s .d
→ ∆ T1 ≈ S . D ≈ ≈ 0.001( s) → ∆ T 2≈ S . D ≈ ≈ 0.001( s) → ∆ T3 ≈ S . D ≈ ≈ 0.003(s )
√5 √5 √5
 θ 4=40 o θ5 =60o θ6 =80 o
Trial
T4 (s) T5 (s) T6 (s)
1 0.908 1.140 1.857
2 0.901 1.132 1.887
3 0.892 1.124 1.816
4 0.911 1.116 1.826
5 0.908 1.124 1.880
T 4=0.904(s) T 5=1.127(s) T 6=1.853(s)

√ √ √
5 5 5

∑ (T ¿¿i −T ) 2
∑ (T ¿¿i−T ) 2
∑ (T ¿¿ i−T )2
ⅈ=1 ⅈ=1 ⅈ=1
s . d= ≈ 0.006(s) ¿ s . d= ≈ 0.007( s) ¿ Δ T 6= ≈ 0.026 (s )¿
5 5 5
s.d s .d s .d
→∆T4≈S. D≈ ≈ 0.003( s) → ∆ T5 ≈ S . D ≈ ≈ 0.003(s ) → ∆ T 6 ≈ S . D≈ ≈ 0.012(s)
√5 √5 √5

III. Data Treatment

1. Pendulum with vertical oscillation plan
*Determination of the oscillation period of a thread pendulum as a function of the pendulum
length:

√ ( )
2
l
Pendulum with vertical oscillation plane: T=2 π ( s ) → g=l 2 π ( m ∕ s 2 )
g T
a. L1=0.400 (m)

g1=L1 ) ( ) 2π 2
T1
=0.400 (
2 ×3.141 2
1.255
=10.022 ( m ∕ s2 )

√
Δ g =g × (−2 ) ( ) √
2 2
+ (2 ) =10.022 4 ( ) +( ) + 4(
3.141 )
∆T ∆l ∆π
1 10.002
2
0.001 0.001
2 2 2
2
1 1 + =0.041(m ∕ s )
T l 1 π 1 1.255 0.400
2
Then, g1=10.022 ± 0.041(m ∕ s )
Hence

g1=10.022 ± 0.041(m ∕ s 2)
b. L2=0.500 (m)

g2=L2 ( )
2π 2
T2
=0.500 (
2 ×3.141 2
1.419 )=9.799 ( m ∕ s )
2

√( )( )( )
∆ T 2 2 ∆ l2 2
√( )( ) ( )
2 2 2 2
∆π 0.003 0.001 0.001 2
Δ g 2=g2 × −2 + + 2 =9.799 4 + +4 =0.046(m ∕ s )
T2 l2 π 1.419 0.500 3.141
Then, g2=9.799± 0.046(m ∕ s 2)

Hence
2
g2=9.799± 0.046(m ∕ s )

c. L3=0.600 (m)
 ( ) ( )
2 2
2π 2 ×3.141
=9.606 ( m ∕ s )
2
g3=L3 =0.600
T3 1.570

√( )( )( )
∆ T 3 2 ∆ l3 2
√( )( ) ( )
2 2 2 2
∆π 0.001 0.001 0.001
Δ g 3=g3 × −2 + +2 =9.606 4 + +4 =0.021(m ∕ s2 )
T3 l3 π 1.570 0.600 3.141
Then, g3=9.606 ±0.021(m ∕ s 2)

Hence
2
g3=9.606 ±0.021(m ∕ s )

2. Pendulum with inclined oscillation plan:

*Determination of the gravitational acceleration as a function of the inclination of the
pendulum force:

√ ( )
2
l l 2π (
m∕s )
2
Pendulum with inclined oscillation plane:T =2 π (s)→ g=
g cos θ cos θ T
l=0.140 ( m )
a. θ1=0o

( ) ( )
2 2
l 2π 0.140 2 ×3.141 2
g1 = = =9.391(m ∕ s )
cos θ 1 T 1 cos O
o
0.767

√( )( )( )(
∆ T 1 2 ∆ l1 2
) √(
2
Δ g 1=g 1 × −2
T1
+
l1
+ 2
∆ π 2 ∆ cos θ1
π
+
cos θ1
=9.391 4
0.001 2 0.001 2
0.767
+
0.140 ) (
+4
3.141 ) (
+ )(
0.001 2 0.001 2
1.000 )
=0.072

Then, g1=9.391± 0.072(m ∕ s2 )

Hence
g1=9.391± 0.072(m ∕ s2 )
b.
o
θ2=10
 g2 =
l
( )
cos θ 2 T 2
=
cos 10
o(
2 π 2 0.140 2 ×3.141 2
0.777 ) 2
=9.291(m ∕ s )

√( )( )( )(
∆ T 2 2 ∆ l2 2
)
∆ cos θ 2 2
√( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 2 2 2
∆π 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001
Δ g 2=g2 × −2 + + 2 + =9.291 4 + +4 + =0.071
T2 l2 π cos θ2 0.777 0.140 3.141 0.985
Then, g2=9.291± 0.714(m ∕ s 2)

Hence
2
g2=9.291± 0.071(m ∕ s )

c. θ3 =20 o

g3 =
l
( )
cos θ 3 T 3
= (
2 π 2 0.140 2× 3.141 2
cos 20
o
0.788 ) 2
=9.476 (m ∕ s )

√( )( )( )(
∆ T 3 2 ∆ l3 2 ∆ cos θ3 2
) √( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 2 2 2
∆π 0.003 0.001 0.001 0.001
Δ g 3=g3 × −2 + +2 + =9.476 4 + +4 + =0.099
T3 l3 π cos θ 3 0.788 0.140 3.141 0.939
Then, g3=9.476 ±0.099 (m ∕ s 2)
Hence
2
g3=9.476 ±0.099 (m ∕ s )

d.

θ 4=4 0o

( ) ( )
2 2
l 2π 0.140 2 ×3.141
g4 = = =8.826 (m ∕ s2 )
cos θ4 T 4 cos 40 o
0.904

√( )( )( )(
∆ T 4 2 ∆l 4 2
) √(
2
Δ g 4=g 4 × −2
T4
+
l4
+ 2
∆ π 2 ∆ cos θ 4
π
+
cos θ 4
=8.826 4
0.904
+ )(
0.140) (
0.003 2 0.001 2
+4 )(
3.141
+ )
0.001 2 0.001 2
0.766
=0.08

Then, g4 =8.826 ± 0.087(m ∕ s2 )

Hence
g4 =8.826 ± 0.087(m ∕ s2 )
e. θ5 =60o

( ) ( )
2 2
l 2π 0.140 2× 3.141 2
g5 = = =8.700(m ∕ s )
cos θ 5 T 5 cos 60
o
1.127

√( )( )( )(
∆ T 5 2 ∆ l5 2
) √(
2
Δ g 5=g5 × −2
T5
+
l5
+2
∆ π 2 ∆ cos θ5
π
+
cos θ 5
=8.700 4
1.127
+ ) (
0.003 2 0.001 2
0.140 ) (
+4 ) (
3.141
+ )
0.001 2 0.001 2
0.500
=0.079

Then, g5=8.700± 0.079(m ∕ s 2)

Hence
2
g5=8.700± 0.079( m ∕ s )

f. θ6 =8 0o

( ) ( )
2 2
l 2π 0.140 2 ×3.141 2
g6 = = o
=9.300(m ∕ s )
cos θ 6 T 6 cos 80 1.853
Then, g6 =9.300 ±0.148 (m ∕ s 2)

Hence
 2
g6 =9.300 ±0.148 (m ∕ s )

3.
Conclusion
Gravitational acceleration does not depend on the length of the rod or the angle of inclined
oscillation plane because it only depends on altitude, depth and other factors like air
density, the gravitational effect of the Moon and the Sun.