LFLVA]AC PNJK]KL 

MiRusuc Vctul Ofofcuei ]uhas Oata Lujiae Giscis

Kctfrcasincaj Mnsfc Pfchaopu 9

Ayu Dfgri Puspitasari, O.Ag

Misusuc Njfe 9

1. Curoaja (174=067071;6)
7. Wfjuch Jueur Pitutur (174=06707701)
2. Weistn Putri Hfstyaeami (174=06707702)
=. Cida Cur Leasacae (174=06702776)

RFOFR]FW 2

IVWVRAC OACAIFOFC GKRCKR R[AWKAE 2F

VCKTFWRK]AR KRJAO CFHFWK ]VJVCHAHVCH

  RFP]FOGFW 7071
 LA]A PFCHAC]AW 

Puii syulur laoi ubaplac lfjiopaeac syulur lfeamirat ]ueac [ach Oaea Fsa.Atas raeoat
mac larucia-Cya yach gfrupa ioac mac lfsfeatac. Mfchac ici aleircya laoi mapat
ofcyfjfsailac oalajae Giscis Kctfrcasincaj yach ofogaeas tfctach ‚Lfjuatac Pnjitil‟.
Reajawat sfrta sajao lita buraelac pama Wasujujjae RAX. Rfonha syadaatcya ofchajir pama
lita.
  Mfchac amacya oalajae ici sfonha gisa ofcaogae wawasac yach ofogaba. Laoi samar 
sfpfcuecya oasie ama gacyal lflurachac mari sfhi susucac lajioat oaupuc tata gaeasacya.
Njfe larfca itu laoi sachat ofcfrioa sfhaja sarac mac lritil ahar laoi mapat ofopfrgaili
oalajae ici.
Mfoiliac yach gisa laoi saopailac, sfonha oalajae ici mapat ofcaogae leazacae
ijou pfchftaeuac mac ofogfrilac oacdaat uctul sfoua. Aaoiic.

]ujuchahuch, Rfptfogfr 7071

Pfcyusuc
 MAD]AW KRK

Bnctfcts
LA]A PFCHAC]AW .....................................................................................................................................................7

MAD]AW KRK ..................................................................................................................................................................2

GAG 1................................................................................................................................................................................... =

PFCMAEVJVAC........................................................................................................................................................=

A. Jatar Gflalach ..................................................................................................................................................=

G. Wuousac Oasalae ...........................................................................................................................................=

B. ]uiuac........................................................................................................................................................ 6

GAG 11.........................................................................................................................................................................4

PFOGAEARAC..............................................................................................................................................................4

A. Lfluatac idfnlnhi.................................................................................................................................... 4

G. Lfpfoililac Pfofrictae.......................................................................................................................5

B. Privatisasi............................................................................................................................................................5

M. Pfrlicduchac Pfofrictae....................................................................................................................;
F. Lfsftagilac Pfofrictae........................................................................................................................... 11
D. Wfsiln Cfhara .................................................................................................................................................17

H. Pfogatasac Pfrdahachac.................................................................................................................... 12

GAG 111....................................................................................................................................................................18

PFCV]VP.....................................................................................................................................................18

A. Lfsiopulac............................................................................................................................................. 18

G. Rarac.................................................................................................................................................................15

MAD]AW PVR]ALA ....................................................................................................................................................15

 GAG 1

PFCMAEVJVAC
A. Jatar Gfjalach

Majao ofjicmuchi lfeimupac flncnoi warhacya. Jfoaecya pfrac Cfhara

majao ofjicmuchi sfhaja lfgutueac oasyaralat gfrmaopal pama jfoaecya
tatacac snsiaj gumaya oasyaralat. Eaj ici gfraligat pama tfrliliscya tatacac snsiaj
mac
 gumaya oasyaralat yach sfjaoa ici tfjae ofciami imfctitas miri mac lfluatac snsiaj.
Pama masarcya oasyaralat Kcmncfsia sfial oasa lnjnciaj tfjae ofjalulac pfcnjalac
arus lfluatac hjngaj yach ofogawa daeao lnjnciajisofcya. Pfciaiaeac mfchac
oisi
 pfchuasaac pnjitil mac flncnoi, misamari sfgahai gfctul pfcicmasac mac pfoichhirac
alac eal-eal sfgahai oacusia yach gfgas. Lfluatac-lfluatac jnlaj yach mihajach
njfe para pfiuach mfchac gachucac snsiaj gumaya yach ofciami imfctitas miri
lfeimupac oasyaralat oaopu ofciami ajat uctul ofcnjal pfciaiae mac hjngajisasi
lftila itu.Lfluatac hjngaj yach sflarach gfrugae gfctul ofciami waiae ofcaril,
yaitu pnja eimup onmfrc yach miwuiumlac mfchac gumaya lncsuotid, pfrhaujac
 gfgas, efmncistil, mac icmivimuajis, ofogawa oasyaralat tfrjfca mac timal tfrasa
 gaewa miricya sfmach ofchajaoi pfciaiaeac yach jfgie maesyat. Iachlauac icdnroasi
mac tflcnjnhi saopai lf wijayae yach pajich majao mac pajich icmivimuaj
ofopfcharuei pnja eimup oacusia saopai pama tichlat ofchleawatirlac. Oacusia
timal daeao gaewa miricya ofoasuli wijayae tatacac lfeimupac yach saoa sflaji
 gulac oijil miricya.

G. Wuousac Oasajae

1. Apa itu lfluatac imfnjnhi majao giscs ictfrcasincaj >

7. Apa itu lfpfoijilac giscis njfe pfofrictae >
2. Apa pfchfrtiac privatisasi ofcurut para aeji >
=. Apa saia oabao-oabao mari pfrjicmuchac pfofrictae >
6. Aapa saia duchsi pfofrictae >
4. Apa itu pfcijaiac rfsiln Cfhara >
8. Apa saia ifcis-ifcis pfogatasac pfrmahachac >

B. ]uiuac
1. Ofchftaeui pfchfrtiac imfnjnhy majao giscis ictfrcasincaj.
7. Ofchftaeui pfchfrtiac lfpfoijilac giscis njfe pfofrictae.
2. Ofchftaeui pfchfrtiac privatisasi ofcurut para aeji.
=. Ofchftaeui oabao-oabao mari pfrjicmuchac pfofrictae.
6. Ofchftaeui duchsi pfofrictae.

4. Ofchftaeui pfchfrtiac pfcijaiac rfsiln Cfhara.

8. Ofchftaeui ifcis-ifcis pfogatasac pfrmahachac.
 GAG 11

PFOGAEARAC

A. Lfluatac imfnjnhi

Lfluatac euluo yach mieamapi giscis Kctfrcasincaj sachat ruoit larfca giscis
mipfcharuei njfe gfrgahai ucmach-ucmach mac pfraturac yach miguat njfe cfhara
 gahiac/ mafrae,cfhara oaupuc nrhacisasi ictfrcasincaj.

Lfluatac imfnjnhi tfrhactuch lfpama luajitas tiha miofcsi yach tfrmapat

majao imfnjnhi tfrsfgut, yaitu sfgahai gfrilut9
a. Miofcsi Wfajita
 Cijai-cijai masar yach tfrlacmuch majarc imfnjnhi tfrsfgut sfbara riij eimup mi
majao mac gfrsuogfr mari gumaya mac pfchajaoac sfiarae oasyaralat atau
 gachsacya.

g. Miofcsi Kmfajisof
 Cijai-cijai masar imfnjnhi tfrsfgut ofchacmuch imfajisof yach
ofogfrilac earapac oasa mfpac yach jfgie gail ofjajui pfchajaoac mi majao
praltil lfgimupac sfeari-eari sfbara gfrsaoa-saoa.
b. Miofcsi Djflsigjjitas (Pfchfogachac)
Kmfnjnhi tfrsfgut ofopucyai lfjuwfsac yach ofrachsach pfchfogachac
 pfoilirac-pfoilirac garu yach rfjfvac mfchac imfnjnhi yach gfrsachlutac tacpa
ofcheijachlac atau ofchichlari iati miri yach tfclacmuch pama cijai-ciai masar 
tfrsfgut.

Gfgfrapa imfnjnhi yach miacut cfhara-cfhara mimucia 9

a. Lapitajisof

• Ristfo flncnoi mioaca ajat prnmulsi mac mistrigusi sfgahiac gfsar mioijili mac
minpfrasilac njfe swasta uctul lfuctuchac prigami. Pfofrictae lapitajis
eacya ofogatasi duchsicya mfchac ofcachaci duchsi yach timal mapat
mitachaci njfe swasta sfpfrti pfrtaeacac casincaj, pnjisi, pfoamao
lfgalarac, mac pfjayacac uouo jaiccya.

• Pfrju pfrsftuiuac pfofrictae uctul lfhiatac prndfsi mac cfhara gahiac atau pfo
jnlaj ofchatur izic usaea mac gfrgahai jarachac ofchfcai gachucac mac wijayae.
g. Lnoucisof
 • Lnoucisof yach mibftuslac Larj Oarx amajae tfnri pfrugaeac snbiaj

yach miaraelac lfpama bita-bita oasyaralat tacpa lfjas. Lnoucis yach

milfogachlac njfe Jfcic ofjigatlac pfchuasaac lfluatac ofjajui partai pnjitil,
lncspirasi., ofofjieara lfluatac mfchac ofcflac npnsisi ictfrcajmac lnoitofc
ofcuiu cfhara lnoucis mucia.

• Pfchaogijajieac atau fxprnpriatinc lfpama lfpfoijilac asich sfrich

mijalulac mfchac timal ofogfri lnopfcsasi sfbara pfcue atau timal saoa sflaji
(misita).

• Majao mnltric lnoucis, sfoua dabtnr prnmulsi utaoa miluasai njfe

cfhara wajaupuc ama pfchfbuajiac. Rfoua prnmulsi , sfrilat lfria
milfcmajilac njfe
 pfofrictae.

• Mfwasa ici lnoucis tfjae eacbur, aligat sistio yach tfrjaju ofcflaclac pama
 pfofrictae atau oijitfr mac ofchagailac lfpfctichac lncsuosi ralyat gacyal.
b. Rnsiajisof

• Paeao snsiajis ofchaciurlac lfpfoijilac atau pfchawasac pfofrictae

 prnmulsi, mistrigusi mac pfrtularac yach pnlnl. Lfuctuchac gulac ofrupalac

tuiuac utaoa.

• Bnctne mi Kchhris, Pfracbis, Rpacynj, [ucaci, Ifroac. Cfhara yach lurach oaiu
ofciajaclac daeao snsiajisof larfca uouocya lflurachac onmaj,
tflcnjnhi, lfaejiac, oacaifofc mac gurue.
m. Lncsfrvatid 

• Lfichicac uctul ofoicioajlac lfhiatac pfofrictae mac ofoalsioajlac

lfpfoijilac swasta mac giscis sayap lacac pnsisi lncsfrvatid yach jfgie fxtrio.

• ]ftapi ama eaj yach gfrlaitac mfchac onraj sfpfrti acti agnrsi misfgut sfgahai
lfjnopnl lncsfrvatid. Ama puja mi gflas cfhara lnoucis yach
ofcheajachi
 pfrugaeac pama gfctul pfofrictae mac pasar misfgut lauo lncsfrvatid
(ichic ofopfrtaeaclac status qun).
f. Jigfraj

• Lfichicac sfsfnrach atau sflnjnopnl nrach atas pfofrictae uctul jfgie

gacyal  tfrjigat majao sfgahiac gfsar aspfl lfhiatac oacusia (flncnoi,

lfpfoijilac mac
 pfchaturac usaea.)

• Rayap lacac mac sayap liri amajae gfctul jfgie fxtrio mari jigfraj. ]ftapi rfjatid 
 gfrugae tfrhactuch siapa yach ofofrictae cfhara tfrsfgut. Mac giasacya npnsisicya
alac misfgut gfrgfma.
G. Lfpfoijilac Pfofrictae

Lfpfoijilac pfofrictae amajae situasi mi oaca pfofrictae ofoijili saeao

 pfrusaeaac (Bnrcftt 700;< Eucarmy mac ]arihac 7018). Lfpfoijilac pfofrictae amajae
gfsarcya saeao yach mioijili pfofrictae atas suatu pfrusaeaac (GVOC) yach

milfjnja njfe pfofrictae gail Pfruo, Pfriac ataupuc Pfrsfrn (Gastiac 7007< Kcmrasari
7017).
Pfofrictae sfgahai pfoijil atau pfofhach saeao oaynritas pama gacl oijil 
cfhara ofoijili eal uctul ofchfcmajilac mac ofchnctrnj lfhiatac gacl sfsuai tuiuac yach ichic
mibapaicya gfrpntfcsi ofciogujlac lncdjil mfchac oacaifofc
 gacl.
]frmapat mua tfnri yach ofchfoulalac pfrac pfofrictae majao pasar  lfuachac (Lngfissi,
7010) 9
1.Mfvfjnpofct vifw Pama gfgfrapa cfhara mioaca icstitusi flncnoi timal 
 gfrlfogach mfchac gail, lfpfoijilac pfofrictae pama sfltnr flncnoi yach stratfhis sfpfrti gacl
mipfrjulac uctul ofoujai pfogachucac flncnoi mac ofcmnrnch pfrtuogueac mfchac bfpat
7. Pnjitibaj vifw Pfofrictae yach ofoijili lfwfcachac majao ofchfcmajilac
 pfrusaeaac mac gacl oijil cfhara ofcyfmialac japachac lfria gahi lfjnopnl tfrtfctu atau
pfcmuluch yach tfjae ofoijiecya sfgahai iogajac, lnctrigusi oaupuc suap.

B. Privatisasi

Privatisasi amajae pfoicmaeac asft sfltnr pugjil lfpama sfltnr swasta,

 pfoicmaeac oacaifofc lfhiatac cfhara ofjajui lnctral-lnctral mac jfasich, mac
ofchnctrallac lfpama pieal juar lfhiatac-lfhiatac yach sfgfjuocya mijalsacalac
njfe cfhara. Pfrju mibatat gaewa privatisasi timal sfjaju gfrarti pfoicmaeac
lfpfoijilac mari pfofrictae lf swasta. Privatisasi mapat gfrupa lnctral mfchac
swasta uctul lfhiatac yach sfouja mijalsacalac njfe pfofrictae. Privatisasi iuha
mapat mijalsacalac mfchac usaea patuchac, lfriasaoa majao ofchnpfrasilac usaea
yach sfouja sfpfcuecya milfjnja njfe pfofrictae. Jawac mari privatisasi amajae
 Casincajisasi.

 Casincajisof amajae pfchagmiac lfpama gachsa, aspirasi atau lfpfctichac pnjitil mac

flncnoi sfrta tramisi snsiaj mac gumaya sfcmiri. Maopal casincajisof tfreamap
 pfrusaeaac ictfrcasincaj actara jaic<
 a) Pfroictaac jnlaj tfreamap prnmul pfralitac atau pagrilasi sachat oicio.
 g) Wfsfrvasi icmustri tfrtfctu leususcya pfrusaeaac jnlaj.
b) Pfofrictae jfgie sula ofchhucalac iasa pfoasnl jnlaj.
m) Pfogatasac iuojae mac ifcis tfcaha asich.
f) Prntflsi mfchac ofchhucalac tarid, lunta mac jaiccya.

d) [ach pajich flstrio tfriamicya pfchaogijajieac atau pfcyitaac.

Privatisasi sfrich miasnsiasilac mfchac pfrusaeaac gfrnrifctasi iasa atau icmustri,

sfpfrti pfrtaogachac, oacudaltur, ofsli mapat puja mitfraplac pama asft apa saia,
sfpfrti tacae, iajac, atau gaelac air.

Rfjaic pfchfrtiac yach sumae misfgutlac mi atas, para aeji iuha ofoijili mfdicisi
 privatisasi oasich-oasich, gfrilut mfdicisi para aeji 9

1. Cuhraea (7007) ofcyatalac privatisasi ofrupalac alsi uctul ofchurachi

baopur tachac pfofrictae majao gfrgahai lfeimupac oasyaralat sfeari ‒ eari mfchac

tacpa ofchurachi tachhuch iawag pfofrictae uctul eaj tfrsfgut.

ofcurut Cuhraea tfrmapat mua eajuac tfrlait mfchac privatisasi, yaitu onmfj Aofrila
Rfrilat mac Onmfj Kchhris. Onmfj Aofrila Rfrilat jfgie ofodnluslac privatisasi

 pama pfjayacac pugjil. Mi sisi jaic, onmfj Kchhris jfgie ofodnluslac pama privatisasi
GVOC.

 Cuhraea sfcmiri ofcmfdicisilac privatisasi sfgahai lfhiatac yach gfrtuiuac uctul

ofjfpaslac lftfrhactuchac GVOC tfreamap cfhara mac ofoacmirilac GVOC ahar

timal jahi tfrifgal majao pfrsaichac para pnjitilus mac girnlrat mi suatu cfhara.
7. Ama jahi pfchfrtiac mari aeji juar, yaitu Foacufj R. Ravas. Ofcurut Ravas,
 privatisasi mapat tfriami mari ‚mfraiat‟ yach pajich rfcmae eichha yach pajich tichhi. Ravas sfcmiri ofchartilac pr

 pfofrictae mac ofcichlatlac pfrac icstitusi jaic majao ofoprnmulsi garach mac iasa
sfrta ofoijili prnpfrty.

M. Pfrjicmuchac Pfofrictae

Gfrmasarlac dalta sfiarae, duchsi, pfofrictae, apapuc imfnjnhicya, pasti ofjalulac

 pfrjicmuchac atas lfhiatac flncnoi, pfrtaciac, pfrtaogachac mac sfgahaicya majao

wijayae lfluasaaccya. Pfrjicmuchac ici mijalulac gija ama sfrachac, lfrusalac,

 pfraopnllac njfe tfrnris, gacmit atau hfralac rfvnjusincfr sfrta pfcyfrguac mari
cfhara jaic.

Euluo yach miacut pfofrictae casincaj mapat ofopfcharuei pasar hjngaj

majao gacyal eaj. Ruatu Cfhara mapat ofcfraplac pfogatasac atas lfoaopuac
 pfrusaeaac ofciajaclac giscis ictfrcasincaj mac mapat sfbara timal jachsuch
ofopfcharuei maya saichcya mfchac ofcaillac giaya majao ofciajaclac
gisciscya.

Pfrusaeaac yach ichic oasul lf pasar garu sfrich ofcheamapi gfrgahai

oasajae gfsar, sfpfrti pfrsaichac yach lftat mac pfraturac pfofrictae yach timal 
ofcmuluch. Gfrpartcfr mfchac pfrusaeaac jnlaj sfrich mapat ofogactu pfrusaeaac
uctul ofchatasi eaogatac-eaogatac sfpfrti itu. Mac Vctul ofcbiptalac lfuchhujac
lnopftitid gfrlfjaciutac mipfrjulac lfria saoa yach earoncis actara pfofrictae mac
sfltnr swasta. Euguchac tfrsfgut mapat mituachlac majao gfctul lfgiialac icmustri
yach gfrtuiuac uctul ofcyfmialac icsfctid yach mapat ofcmnrnch giscis uctul

 gfrpfrijalu yach ofcharae pama pfcichlatac maya saich mac ofcyichlirlac

rictachac-rictachac yach ofchurachi maya saich. Lnopncfc-lnopncfc
yach
mipfrjulac majao lfgiialac icmustri tfrsfgut ofjiputi9
• Kcvfstasi majao pfcfjitiac mac pfchfogachac

• Pfrjuasac sfltnr icmustri

• Pfoactauac praltil-praltil pfoacudalturac tfrgail 

• Kcvfstasi majao icdrastrultur tflcnjnhi tichhi

• Ajie tflcnjnhi

• Flspnr icmustri

• Wfdnroasi mac icvfstasi pfcmimilac

• Kcsfctid paial 

Amapuc pfrjicmuchac pfofrictae majao giscis/lfria saoa ictfrcasincaj, jfgie jaciut

ofjiputi 9

1. Ofchutaoalac sistfo casincajisasi (sfpfrti yach misfgutlac mi sug

gag Privatisasi)
7. Pfogatasac atas lfpfoijilac asich. Gacyal pfofrictae ofogatasi

lfpfoijilac asich tfreamap pfrusaeaacpfrusaeaac majao cfhfri uctul

ofcheicmari pfrflncnoiac mac icmustry-icmustri utaoacya
milfcmajilac
 pieal asich.
 2. ofcaillac stacmar jnlaj mac ofopfrlfcajlac prnmul mac iasa garu yach

sfgfjuocya timal tfrsfmia. Rfpfrti bnctnecya mi cfhara Ifpach, stnrf 8-

Fjfvfc (]fxas) mac Miscfyjacm Wfsnrt (Xajt Miscfy Bnopacy) yach ama mi
Ifpach mi
 iajaclac jachsuch njfe pfofrictae Ifpach. Iami mi 8-Fjfvfc (Ifpach) gacyal
miiuaj oalacac/prnmul leas cfhara yach mi prnmulsi njfe pfrusaeaac-

 pfrusaeaac jnlaj.

F. Lfsftagijac Pfofrictae

Ofcurut Amao Roite( ljasil ), Pfofrictae ofoijili 2 duchsi yaitu9

1. Duchsi pfofrictae uctul ofofjieara lfaoacac majao cfhfri mac pfrtaeacac.

Ahar warha cfhara mapat ofjalulac lfhiatac usaea mfchac tfcach mac
cyaoac
7. Duchsi pfofrictae uctul ofcyfjfchharalac pframijac. Ahar sftiap
warha ofoijili eal mac lfwaiigac yach saoa
2. Duchsi pfofrictae uctul ofcyfmialac garach-garach yach timal
misfmialac. Ahar warha cfhara ofcmapat lfoumaeac-lfoumaeac majao
ofciajaclac
lfhiatac usaea.
Pfrjucya pfrac mac duchsi pfofrictae majao pfrflncnoiac, yaitu sfgahai gfrilut9

1. Pfogachucac flncnoi migacyal cfhara uouocya tfriami aligat ictfrvfcsi

 pfofrictae gail sfbara jachsuch oaupuc timal jachsuch. Kctfrvfcsi
pfofrictae mipfrjulac majao pfrflncnoiac uctul ofchurachi mari lfhahajac
pasar (oarlft daijurf) sfpfrti lflaluac earha oncnpnji mac maopal cfhatid
lfhiatac usaea swasta bnctnecya pfcbfoarac jichluchac.
7. Oflacisof pasar timal mapat gfrduchsi tacpa lfgframaac aturac yach miguat
 pfofrictae. Aturac ici ofogfrilac jacmasac gahi pfcfrapac aturac oaic,
tfroasul pfogfriac saclsi gahi pfjalu flncnoi yach ofjachharcya. Pfracac
 pfofrictae ofciami jfgie pfctich larfca oflacisof pasar saia timal mapat

o f c y f jf s a il a c s f o u a p f r s n a j a c f l
f di s if c s i, p f o f r a t a ac m a c s t a g i ji t a s
n c n o i . V c t u l o f c ia o ic
f l n c n o i, p f r a c m a c d uc hsi pfofrictae outjal
mipfrjulac majao pfrflncnoiac sfgahai pfchfcmaji oflacisof pasar.
2. Lfhahajac pasar (oarlft daijurf) amajae suatu istijae uctul ofcyfgut lfhahajac
 pasar majao ofcbapai ajnlasi atau pfogahiac suogfr maya yach nptiouo. Eaj
ici leususcya mapat tfriami iila pasar mimnoicasi njfe para pfoasnl oncnpnji
 prnmulsi atau lncsuosi mac sfguae prnmul ofchaligatlac maopal saopichac
(flstfrcajitas), sfpfrti rusalcya flnsistfo jichluchac.

Pfofrictae tfrus ofciaha licfria pfrmahachac ictfrcasincaj sflajihus ofopfrluat

 pfroictaac mnofstil, ofchichat lncmisi pfrflncnoiac Kcmncfsia miprnyflsilac oasie
alac ofjajui gfgfrapa tactachac sfbara hjngaj oaupuc mnofstil.

1. pfrtaoa pfofrictae tftap dnlus ofcichlatlac flspnr mfchac ofrfvitajisasi

icmustri oacudaltur, yach miearaplac mapat ofcichlatlac mivfrsidilasi,
cijai taogae mac maya saich mari prnmul flspnr cnc-lnonmitas.
 7. Lfmua, pfofrictae ofopfrluat icvfstasi, yach pfrtuogueaccya mitarhftlac
jfgie tichhi maripama pfrtuogueac flncnoi.Vctul ofcbapai tarhft ici,
ofcurutcya, icvfstasi asich mac mnofstil earus mimnrnch ofjajui gfrgahai
lfgiialac yach ofciogujlac lfoumaeac gfricvfstasi mi cfhara ici. Vpaya
tfrsfgut tfroasul rfjalsasi Madtar Cfhatid Kcvfstasi (MCK), prnhrao dasijitasi
icvfstasi, pfogfriac tax enjimay, pfcichlatac pfrdnroa Fasf nd Mnich
Gusicfss (FnMG), sfrta pfcyusucac nocigus jaw uctul ofogachuc flnsistfo
icvfstasi.
2. Jachlae lftiha yaitu pfofrictae ofopfrsiaplac rfcbaca pfogachucac iachla
ofcfchae yach ofchfmfpaclac tracsdnroasi strultur flncnoi. ]racsdnroasi
tfrsfgut dnlus ofopfrgaili sfltnr icmustri oacudaltur, ofcmnrnch flspnr,
ofciaha iopnr, sfrta ofcbiptalac japachac lfria garu. Larfca eaj ici
ofrupalac snjusi pfctich uctul ofchatasi ifgalac pfcmapatac lfjas ofcfchae
(oimmjf icbnof trap), ahar Kcmncfsia oaopu ofciami cfhara gfrpfcmapatac
tichhi.

Pama icticya, pfofrictae ilut sfrta majao lfhiatac pfrflncnoiac supaya

ofcachhujachi lfhahajac pasar sfeichha timal amacya flstfrcajitas yach ofruhilac
 gacyal pieal. Amapuc gfctul mari pfrac pfofrictae yalci mfchac ofjalulac
ictfrvfcsi gail sfbara jachsuch oaupuc timal jachsuch. Pfofrictae ichic ofciaha
lfsfiogachac supaya pfrtuogueac flncnoi tftap tfrbapai sfofctara stagijitas tftap
tfriaha.

D. Wfsiln Cfhara

Wisiln cfhara (bnuctry risl) amajae risiln yach tioguj lftila ofjalulac
tracsalsi giscis mi cfhara mfchac lfmaujatac mac oata uach sfcmiri. Wisiln mapat mi
mfdicisilac sfgahai gaeaya yach mapat tfriami aligat sfguae prnsfsyach sfmach
 gfrjachsuch atau lfiamiac yach alac matach . Wisiln amajae lftimalpastiac
atastfriamicya suatu pfristiwa (Rnflartn). Ofcurut Prnd Mr.Kr. Rnfoarcn,O.R Ruatu
lncmis iyach tioguj larfca lftimalpastiac mfchac sfjurue lncsflufcsi timal
ofchuctuchlac yach ouchlic tfriami misfgut risiln. Wfsiln cfhara ofrupalac
laratfristil risiln mari sfguae cfhara, tfroasul lncmisi pnjitil mac lfuachac mari
cfhara tfrsfgut yach ofopfcharuei Base djnw timal ama lfsfpalatac yach ifjas
ofchfcai gahaioaca Bnuctry risl. Wisiln cfhara amajae risiln yach tioguj larfca
amacya pfrugaeac flncnoi mac pnjitil suatu cfhara yach gfrmaopal pama cfhara jaic
yach alac gfreuguchac mfchac cfhara tfrsfgut. Oisajcya, lflurachac bamachac
mfvisa suatu cfhara alac ofcyfgaglac lftfrjaogatac pfogayarac piciaoac lfpama
lrfmitur mi gacl cfhara jaic. Duchsi utaoa mari pfcijaiac risiln cfhara amajae uctul
ofchactisipasi lfouchlicac pfcnjalac utach, mfdaujt atau pfcucmaac majao
 pfogayarac njfe Rnvfrfihc gnrrnwfrs (Gurtnc acm Kcnuf, 1;56). Pfcijaiac risiln
cfhara ofchfvajuasi flncnoi, lfuachac, mac pnjitil daltnr, mac ictfralsi
ofrfla majao ofcfctulac risiln tfrlait mfchac cfhara tfrtfctu.Pfrsfpsi daltnr-
daltnr
 pfcfctu risiln cfhara pfctich larfca ofrfla ofopfcharuei pasnlacmac giaya arus
onmaj ictfrcasincaj (Grfwfr acm Wivnji, 1;;0) Acajisis tfreamap risiln cfhara timal
 eacya ofchfvajuasi flncnoi oaupuc pfchfjuarac, daltnr pnjitil sfrta japnrac
lfuachac tapi iuha ofchfvajuasi aspfl yach ofrfla tfctulac majao ofoicioajisir
risiln cfhara. Lfoumiac, majao ofcftaplac risiln cfhara, tfrmapat tiha ifcis risiln,
miactaracya risiln lfuachac (dicacbiaj risl) mfchac gngnt 76 pfrsfc, risiln flncnoi
(fbncnoib risl) mfchac gngnt 76 pfrsfc mac risiln pnjitil (pnjitibaj risl) mfchac
 gngnt 60 pfrsfc. Fjfofc Wisiln Cfhara Wisiln cfhara ofrupalac lfouchlicac
maopal gurul yach misfgaglac mapat mihucalacuctul ofoncitnr cfhara jnlasi usaea
OCB saat ici. Iila risiln suatu cfhara tfrtfctu cail,OCB mapat ofopfrtiogachlac
uctul ofcmivfstasi acal pfrusaeac yach gfrjnlasi mi cfharatfrsfgut. OCB iuha mapat
ofchhucalac acajisis risiln cfhara sfgahai saraca pfoijieacuctul ofcheicmari
ofjalulac usaea mi cfhara mfchac risiln tichhi. Acajisis risiln cfharatimal tfrgatas
 pama prfmilsi lrisis utaoa. OCB iuha mapat ofchhucalac acajisis ici uctulofrfvisi
lfputusac icvfstasi atau lfputusac lfuachac tfrlait mfchac pfristiwa tfraleir.Rajae
satu pfristiwa tfrsfgut mapat ofopfcharuei lfouchlicac arus las yach
alacmieasijlac njfe OCB atau giaya pfogiayaac prnyfl mac larfcacya
ofopfcharuei cijaiOCB.Ofslipuc OCB ofchurachi flspnsurcya tfreamap
 pfristiwa tfrsfgut pama pfbactfrtfctu, caouc pfristiwa jaic mapat tfriami pama pfbac
 gfrilutcya. Vctul sftiap pfristiwa ici,OCB earus ofopfrtiogachlac apalae arus
lascya alac tfrlfca maopal mac apalaetfrmapat pfrugaeac lfgiialac yach earus
mitachhapi OCB. Acajisis risiln cfhara ofrupalac prnsfs gfrlfjaciutac. Rfgahiac
 gfsar OCB timal alac tfrlfca maopal sfjurue pfristiwatfrsfgut, tftapi OCB alac
ofofreatilac pfristiwa yach ouchlic gfrmaopal pama icmustriatau cfhara mioaca
OCB gfrusaea. OCB iuha ofoaeaoi gaewa pfrusaeaac timal mapatofcheijachlac
flpnsur atas sfoua pfristiwa tftapi pajich timal mapat gfrupaya uctulofogatasi
flspnsur atas pfristiwa yach tfriami mi cfhara tfrtfctu.

H. Pfogatasac Pfrmahachac

Pfogatasac pfrmahachac (tramf rfstribtinc) ofruiul pama gfrgahai eaogatac

yach ofoguat pfrmahachac garach mac iasa actar cfhara timal jacbar (ioongijf). Iila

eaogatac gfrsuogfr mari lfgiialac pfofrictae, itu lita sfgut sfgahai prntflsi
 pfrmahachac (tramf prntfbtinc). Pfogatasac pfrmahachac ofopfcharuei pfroictaac mac
 pasnlac garach mac iasa mi pasar ictfrcasincaj. Rfbara spfsidil, prntflsi pfrmahachac ofcbfhae lfluatac pasar
fdisifc majao jichlup hjngaj.

Pfogatasac pfrmahachac ouchlic oasie ama saat ici. ]api, itu tfjae iaue gfrlurach
maripama sfgfjuo-sfgfjuocya. Ofcichlatcya pfrac pfrusaeaac oujticasincaj mac

jfogaha ictfrcasincaj (sfpfrti X]N) oujai ofchilis eaogatac tfrsfgut.

 Rfjaic itu, pfogfctulac ictfhrasi flncnoi rfhincaj mi gfrgahai cfhara iuha
 gfrlnctrigusi ofchurachi eaogatac pfrmahachac mi actara cfhara achhnta. ]imal eacya
 garach mac iasa, ictfhrasi sfoabao itu iuha ofouchliclac daltnr prnmulsi (sfpfrti
onmaj mac tfcaha lfria) ofchajir gfgas mi actara cfhara achhnta.
1. Ajasac pfogatasac pfrmahachac
]acpa eaogatac, pfrmahachac ictfrcasincaj ofouchliclac ajnlasi suogfr
maya yach fdisifc. Garach, iasa, mac daltnr prnmulsi ofchajir gfgas lf gfrgahai
cfhara. Para pfcmuluch gfrharuofc pfrmahachac gfgas ofogawa lfoalourac
oasyaralat larfca nrach ofoijili jfgie gacyal pijieac prnmul uctul ofofcuei
lfgutueac ofrfla. Pflfria iuha mfchac oumae gfrpicmae lf cfhara yach
ofcawarlac lfsfopatac yach jfgie gail. Mac gahi pfrusaeaac, pasar prnmul ofrfla
ofciami jfgie juas, timal eacya mnofstil. ]api, ajirac gfgas garach iasa mac daltnr
prnmulsi ouchlic timal bnbnl uctul gfgfrapa cfhara. Vctul itu, ofrfla
ofogfrjalulac pfogatasac
 pfrmahachac. Rfbara spfsidil, sfiuojae ajasac ofchapa sfguae cfhara ofjalulac
 pfogatasac pfrmahachac amajae9
• Ofjicmuchi icmustri majao cfhfri yach sumae oapac mari
pfrsaichac asich. Iila garach mac iasa juar cfhfri mfchac oumae
oasul lf pasar mnofstil, itu ofcichlatlac pfrsaichac mi majao cfhfri.
• Ofjicmuchi icmustri yach garu tuogue eichha ofciami mfwasa mac
lnopftitid sfbara ictfrcasincaj. Gfgfrapa cfhara ichic ofoastilac
icmustri stratfhis ofrfla tuogue gail. Kcmustri sfoabao itu giasacya
gfrlnctrigusi
tfreamap lfaoacac casincaj, japachac lfria, tflcnjnhi atau ractai cijai
mfchac gfrgahai icmustri jaiccya.
• Ofjicmuchi japachac lfria mnofstil . Kopnr ofchuctuchlac prnmusfc
juar  cfhfri larfca uach ofchajir mari mnofstil lf ofrfla. Rfjaic itu, lftila
iopnr  ofcichlat, ofrfla alac ofcaillac prnmulsi. Ktu ofcbiptalac
japachac lfria mi cfhara ofrfla tapi timal mi mnofstil.
• Vctul ofcheasijlac pfcmapatac pfofrictae. Mfchac
ofogfrjalulac tarid iopnr, pfofrictae ofopfrnjfe suogfr pfcmapatac
sfjaic mari paial icmivimu atau paial giscis.
• Pfogajasac tfreamap pfogatasac sfrupa yach migfrjalulac njfe
oitra mahach. Cfhara timal sula mfchac praltil pfrmahachac yach timal
amij njfe
cfhara oitra ofrfla, oisajcya muopich. Njfe larfca itu, ofrfla
 gfrlfpfctichac uctul ofogajas cfhara oitra.

7. Ifcis pfogatasac pfrmahachac

Pfogatasac pfrmahachac mapat ofchaogij gfrahao gfctul, tfroasul9
• ]arid iopnr 
]arid iopnr amajae paial atas garach iopnr mari juar cfhfri. Fdfl mari
tarid amajae ofcaillac earha prnmul yach miiopnr lftila ofrfla oasul
lf
 pasar mnofstil.
]arid mi gfmalac ofciami 7 yaitu 9
n ]arid am-vajnrfo. Cijaicya mimasarlac pama pfrsfctasf tfrtfctu
mari earha asji prnmul iopnr. Ofsli pfrsfctasfcya tftap, iila
earha
 gfrugae, cnoicaj tarid iopnr iuha gfrugae.
n ]arid spfsidil. Ktu mimasarlac pama cnoicaj tftap.
Bnctnecya amajae Wp100 pfr tnc prnmul iopnr.
 • Lunta iopnr 
Lunta ofogatasi luactitas garach iopnr yach oasul lf pasar mnofstil.
Lunta ofchurachi pasnlac. Iila prnmusfc mnofstil timal mapat
ofchiogachicya mfchac ofcichlatlac nutput, lunta ofcbiptalac
lflurachac (senrtahf atau flsfs mfoacm). Rfgahai easijcya, earha
garach mnofstil cail. Prnmusfc mnofstil ofcmapatlac oacdaat larfca
tflacac
 garach iopnr gfrlurach. ]api, gahi lncsuofc mnofstil, ofrfla earus
ofcachhuch earha yach jfgie tichhi sfirich lfjachlaac mi pasar.

• Fogarhn
Fogarhn amajae lfputusac pnjitis uctul ofchefctilac tracsalsi mfchac
cfhara tfrtfctu, tfroasul lfhiatac flspnr atau iopnr. Fogarhn ouchlic
eacya gfrjalu uctul gfgfrapa prnmul. Atau, itu ouchlic ofcbalup
sfjurue garach mac iasa. Fogarhn sfrichlaji jfgie larfca ajasac pnjitis
maripama flncnoi.

• Pfrsyaratac jisfcsi
Gfgfrapa cfhara ofogfrjalulac jisfcsi iopnr atau flspnr. Vctul
ofogawa garach asich oasul lf pasar mnofstil, pfchiopnr earus
ofcmapatlac jisfcsi. Pfofrictae mapat ofogatasi pfogfriac jisfcsi
iopnr. Pfofrictae ouchlic timal ofcfrgitlac jisfcsi uctul prnmul
tfrtfctu mari cfhara tfrtfctu uctul tuiuac tfrtfctu. Rfofctara itu, jisfcsi
flspnr ofchurachi pfchirioac garach lf juar cfhfri. Ktu giasacya uctul
ofogatasi pfrmahachac prnmul-prnmul tfrtfctu atau uctul uctul
ofciaha
earha mnofstil timal cail. Prnmusfc ouchlic jfgie tfrtaril ofciuaj lf
juar cfhfri uctul ofcmapatlac earha yach jfgie gail. Ofrfla lfoumiac
ofcichlatlac flspnr. Pfcichlatac flspnr ofchurachi pasnlac mi pasar
mnofstil. Iila pama saat yach saoa, prnmusfc timal ofchiogachicya
mfchac ofcichlatlac prnmulsi, itu lfouchlicac ofcharae pama
lfjachlaac, ofcmnrnch earha cail.

• Rtacmarisasi
Rtacmarisasi mapat ofchaogij gfrahao gfctul, tfroasul stacmar
lfsfeatac, lfaoacac jichluchac oaupuc pfrsyaratac lnctfc jnlaj.
Vctul

o g a t a s i i o p n r , p f o f r ic t a e m a p at
ofc h u r a c h i iu o j a e p rn m u l y a c h o f
ai l l a c stacmar sfeichha
ofcu e i c y a.

• Rugsimi
Rugsimi gflfria sfbara tfrgajil mfchac tarid iopnr. Ajie-ajie ofchfcalac
 gfa oasul iopnr, pfofrictae ofogfrilac eigae lfpama prnmusfc majao
cfhfri uctul ofcmnrnch flspnr. Rugsimi mapat ofchaogij gfctul,
tfroasul pfchurachac giaya prnmulsi, alsfs lrfmit yach jfgie ourae
atau sugsimi earha garach yach miflspnr. Rugsimi ofoguat garach
mnofstil jfgie lnopftitid lftila ofoasuli pasar ictfrcasincaj. Prnmusfc
ofchfcalac earha yach ourae uctul prnmul flspnr ofrfla.

2. Fdfl cfhatid pfogatasac pfrmahachac

 Pfogatasac pfrmahachac ofogfri oacdaat lfpama sajae satu pieal mac
ofoucbujlac giaya gahi pieal jaic. Lfruhiac utaoa mari pfogatasac
 pfrmahachac amajae earha yach jfgie tichhi gahi lncsuofc, iuojae pasnlac
yach jfgie rfcmae, mac oucbujcya lfruhiac gngnt oati.

• Earha yach jfgie tichhi

Eaogatac pfrmahachac ofcichlatlac giaya mac earha iuaj. Oisajcya,

lftila tarid gfrjalu uctul prnmul lncsuosi, pfogfji mnofstil earus
ofogayar jfgie tichhi. Iila itu gfrjalu uctul iopnr gaeac galu mac
 garach onmaj, giaya prnmulsi ofciami jfgie oaeaj. Prnmusfc
lfouchlicac alac ofcfruslac lfcailac giaya lf earha iuaj prnmul.

• Pasnlac ofciami jfgie tfrgatas

Mi gawae pfrmahachac gfgas, lncsuofc ofoijili alsfs lf jfgie gacyal
 prnmul. Pasnlac gfgfrapa prnmul sfpfrti garach-garach ofwae
ofchacmajlac pfchirioac mari juar cfhfri larfca timal miprnmulsi mi
majao cfhfri. Njfe larfca itu, ofrfla ofoijili jfgie gacyal pijieac,
gail

majao eaj earha

eacya alac atau luajitas.
ofcheasijlac fdflOfogfrjalulac pfogatasac pijieac
sfgajilcya. Ktu ofchurachi pfrmahachac
lncsuofc mnofstil. Oisajcya, pfchfcaac tarid ofoguat earha iuaj
garach ofciami jfgie oaeaj mac lurach lnopftitid. Pfchiopnr ofjieat
lncmisi ici timal ofchuctuchlac, ofoguat ofrfla ofciami lurach
tfrtaril uctul ofchiopnr garach. Fdfl pfogatasac tfreamap pasnlac
jfgie ifjas lita jieat majao lasus lunta iopnr. Lunta ofchurachi
luactitas garach yach oasul lf pasar mnofstil. Gfrlurachcya pasnlac
timal eacya ofcaillac earha, tftapi iuha ofchurachi pijieac gahi
pfogfji mnofstil. Gfgfrapa
 prnmul iopnr ouchlic ofoijili ditur atau luajitas yach timal mapat
ofrfla tfoulac mari prnmul mnofstil.

• Ofogaeayalac maya saich mi oasa mfpac

Pfogatasac pfrmahachac pama awajcya gfrtuiuac uctul ofjicmuchi
icmustri majao cfhfri. ]ftapi, lamachlaja, gulaccya sfoalic lnopftitid
mac fdisifc, pfrjicmuchac sfoabao itu iustru ofoguat prnmusfc
mnofstil oajas gfricnvasi. Maya saich ofrfla timal ofogail mari
waltu lf waltu. Mac, ofrfla ofciami sachat tfrhactuch pama prntflsi
pfofrictae.
 GAG 111

PFCV]VP

A. Lfsiopujac

Lfluatac euluo yach mieamapi giscis Kctfrcasincaj sachat ruoit larfca giscis
mipfcharuei njfe gfrgahai ucmach-ucmach mac pfraturac yach miguat njfe cfhara
 gahiac/ mafrae,cfhara oaupuc nrhacisasi ictfrcasincaj. Euluo yach miacut
 pfofrictae casincaj mapat ofopfcharuei pasar hjngaj
majao gacyal eaj. Ruatu Cfhara mapat ofcfraplac pfogatasac atas lfoaopuac
 pfrusaeaac ofciajaclac giscis ictfrcasincaj mac mapat sfbara timal jachsuch
ofopfcharuei maya saichcya mfchac ofcaillac giaya majao ofciajaclac gisciscya.
Pfofrictae tfrus ofciaha licfria pfrmahachac ictfrcasincaj sflajihus ofopfrluat
 pfroictaac mnofstil. Pama icticya, pfofrictae ilut sfrta majao lfhiatac
 pfrflncnoiac supaya ofcachhujachi lfhahajac pasar sfeichha timal amacya
flstfrcajitas yach ofruhilac gacyal pieal. Amapuc gfctul mari pfrac pfofrictae
yalci mfchac ofjalulac ictfrvfcsi gail sfbara jachsuch oaupuc timal jachsuch.
Pfofrictae ichic ofciaha lfsfiogachac supaya pfrtuogueac flncnoi tftap
tfrbapai sfofctara stagijitas tftap tfriaha.

G. Rarac

Vctul ofchatasi eaj tfrsfgut pfrju mibari pfcyfgag lftimalstagijac tfrsfgut

lftimalstagijac pnjitil/pfofrictaeac sachat mitfctulac njfe tichlat lnopftitid mac
actahncisof actar partai-partai pnjitil yach ama. Vctul ofchatasi eaj tfrsfgut pfrju
mibiptalac sistfo lfpartaiac yach gfrmasarlac lncsfsus, yalci lfsaoaac silap
majao ofoacmach pfrsnajac, sfeichha cacticya sistfo ici oaopu ofogfctul
 pfofrictaeac yach stagij.
 MAD]AW PVR]ALA

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