LAS STATISTICSPROBABILITY Week-5

11
Statistics and Probability

Third Quarter
WEEK 5
LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEETS
1
Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
REGION III – CENTRAL LUZON
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF TARLAC PROVINCE
TARLAC NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL ANNEX
SAN MIGUEL, TARLAC CITY
Learning Activity Sheets-WEEK 5

Statistics and Probability
CHAPTER III: SAMPLING AND SAMPLING DISTRIBUTION

LESSON 1: Sampling Distribution of Sample Means
Introduction
In Statistics, it is sometimes impossible to gather data from the entire population or
collection of objects being examined in the study but through the use of samples or
representatives of the population, researchers get a clearer picture of the whole group being
studied. The method of getting samples is called sampling where it needs not be biased to
give justice to the group it represents. Random sampling is a method wherein each of the
members of the population has a chance of being taken as a sample.
PRE-TEST
Tarlac National High School-Annex has 1,000 senior students. Mr. Perez, the principal,
wants to obtain information from the senior high students as to their plans after graduation.
1. Mr. Perez writes all the names of the senior high school students on small
pieces of paper and draws 500 names to participate in the study. Which
random sampling technique does he apply?
A. cluster B. simple C. stratified D. systematic
2. The principal creates a list of all senior high students, decides to survey
every tenth name on the list and later asks those students that are selected.
Which random sampling technique does he apply?
3. Mr. Perez divides the senior high students as to their grade level and strand.
He proportionately chooses students from each strand. Which random
sampling technique does he apply?
4. The principal divides the senior high school students depending on the
barangay where they live and randomly picks some of the barangays to answer
the questionnaire. Which random sampling technique does he apply?
5. All LRN of each senior high student are written in pieces of paper and placed
in a bowl. Mr. Perez picks the samples based from the table of numbers. Which
1
Competency
1. Illustrates a random sampling.(M11/12SP-IIId-2)

2. Distinguish between parameter and statistic. (M11/12SP-IIId- 3)
3. Identifies sampling distributions of statistics (sample mean). (M11/12SP-IIId- 4)
Abstraction
Let us analyze the situations given.

1. A researcher writes the name of each student on a piece of paper, mixes the papers in a
bowl, and draws 7 pieces of paper.
Situation number 1 uses simple random sampling since the pieces of paper represent
the students as elements of the population. All of them have an equal chance of being selected
as samples and the method of selection involves picking those 7 pieces of paper as samples.
2. A researcher selects every 7th students from a list.

3. A researcher tells the class to count off, and then selects those numbers that are multiple
of 7.
Situations number 2 and 3 apply systematic random sampling since samples are being
selected based from the kth consistent intervals. On these cases, 7 th names on the list and
multiple of 7 were the interval used.
4. A researcher separates the list from boys and girls then draws 7 names per each gender.
Situation number 4 uses stratified random sampling because the students are divided
into two different strata, boys and girls and then the selection of samples in each gender was
done.
5. A researcher surveys all students from 3 randomly selected classes out of 7 classes.
Situation number 5 practices cluster sampling since all students are divided into
clusters or classes and then the classes were randomly selected. All of the students in the
classes that were randomly selected are considered the samples of the study.
Random Sampling is a sampling method of choosing representatives from the population

wherein every sample has an equal chance of being selected.
There are different types of random sampling.

a. Simple random sampling is the most basic random sampling wherein elements are
usually represented by a number that are written on equal sized and shaped papers
2
and then selection of samples is possible through the lottery method. Drawing number
of paper is based from the desired number of sample.
b. Systematic random sampling is a random sampling which uses a list of all the
elements in the population and then elements are being selected based from the kth
consistent intervals. To get the kth interval, divide the population size by the sample
size.
c. Stratified random sampling is a random sampling wherein the population is divided

into different strata. Selection of samples will be proportionately randomly picked in
each stratum that is why all strata have representatives in forming the samples.
d. Cluster sampling is a random sampling wherein population is divided into clusters

and then the clusters is randomly selected. All elements of the clusters randomly
selected are considered the samples of the study.
Application
Since you already know a lot of things about random sampling, let us assess that knowledge!
Identify the random sampling method used in each item.

_______________1. You are given a list of all graduating students in your school. You decide
to survey every tenth name on the list and ask in which organization they
belong.
_______________2. You wish to make a comparison about the gender differences on
Mathematics performance. You divide the population into two groups,
male and female, and randomly pick respondents from each of the gender.
_______________3. You assign numbers to the members of the population and then use
draw lots to obtain your samples.
_______________4. You randomly pick five out of fifteen barangays to where to conduct your
survey in your municipality or city.
_______________5. You write the names of each student in pieces of paper, shuffles and
then draw eight names.
3
POST - TEST
The Philippine High School has 5,000 senior students. Mr. Manalo, the principal, wants to
obtain information from the senior high students as to their plans after graduation.
1. Principal Manalo writes all the names of the senior high school students on
small pieces of paper and draws 500 names to participate in the study. Which
2. The principal creates a list of all senior high students, decides to survey
every tenth name on the list and later asks those students that are selected.
3. Mr. Manalo divides the senior high students as to their grade level and
strand. He proportionately chooses students from each strand. Which random
sampling technique does he apply?
4. The principal divides the senior high school students depending on the
barangay where they live and randomly picks some of the barangays to answer
the questionnaire. Which random sampling technique does he apply?
5. All LRN of each senior high student are written in pieces of paper and placed
in a bowl. Mr. Manalo picks the samples based from the table of numbers.
4
LESSON 2: Parameter and Statistic

Introduction
Most of the researches need numerical values to easily interpret results of the study.
Those values can be computed based from all the elements of the population or from the
randomly selected samples that were taken. They can be classified as to the different
measures parameter and statistic. Parameter and statistic is being computed through different
measures of central tendency and variability.
PRE-TEST
For numbers 1 and 2: Tarlac National High School- Annex has 1,500 grade 10
students. Mr. Manalo, the principal, wants to obtain information from the students as to the
result of the Mathematics part in NCAE. Based from 500 sample students surveyed, it was
found out that the mean falls on 65.80 in the said area.
1. What do 1500 grade 10 students signify?

A. statistic C. population
B. sample D. parameter
2. What does the value 65.80 denote?
3. Which of the following is a statistic?
A. µ B. 𝜎 2 C. s2 D. 𝜎
4. The following are scores of students: 9, 7, 8, 9, 7, 5, 8, 10, 7, 8, and 10. What
is the value of the population mean?
A. 7 B. 8 C. 8.3 D. 8.5
is the value of the population variance?
A. 1.41 B. 2 C. 2.41 D. 4
Competency
1. Distinguish between parameter and statistic. (M11/12SP-IIId-2)
5
Abstraction
Check your answers and analysis here as to the difference of parameter and statistic.
The grades show below in Mathematics of grade 8 students during the third quarter is our
population.
94 85 88 79 78
75 89 91 84 77
Through the process we undertook, we were able to compute for the following:
the population mean,
∑x 840
µ= = = 84
𝑁 10
the population variance,

∑(x−µ)2 382
𝜎2 = = = 38.2
𝑁 10
the population standard deviation,

∑(x−µ)2 382
𝜎=√ =√ = √38.2 ≈ 6.18
𝑁 10
Population mean µ, population variance 𝜎 2 and population standard deviation 𝜎 are what we
called parameters.
A parameter is a measure that is used to describe the population. Population mean µ,

population variance 𝜎 2 and population standard deviation 𝜎 are some of the examples of
parameter. They are usually denoted by Greek letters.
While for our assume data that are randomly selected from the population are classified as
samples.
94 85 88 79 78
75 89 91 84 77
Through our randomly selected samples, we were able to solve for the following the sample
mean,
∑x 602
x= = = 86
𝑛 7
the sample variance,
6
∑(x−x)2 236
𝑠2 = = ≈ 33.71
𝑛 7
the sample standard deviation,
∑(x−x)2 236
𝑠=√ =√ ≈ √33.71 ≈ 5.81
𝑛 7
Sample mean x, sample variance s2 and sample standard deviation s are what we called
statistic.
A statistic is a measure that is used to describe the sample. Sample mean x, sample variance
s2 and sample standard deviation s are some of the examples of statistic. They are usually
denoted by Roman letters.
Application
Since the difference between parameter and statistic is already clear to you, let us now
compute for the different parameters and statistics of the following data. Believe me, you can!
I. The IQ of 8 grade one students are given below:

80 128 95 114
125 130 107 100
Complete the table and compute for the population mean, population variance, population
standard deviation.
Number x x−µ (x − µ)2
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
∑x = ∑(𝐱 − µ)𝟐 =
Write you computations here:
7
population mean population variance population standard

deviation
II. The scores of the 7 randomly selected students are given below:
35 15 22 38
17 31 27
Complete the table and compute for the sample mean, sample variance, sample standard
deviation.
Number x x−x (x − x)2
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
∑x = ∑(𝐱 − 𝐱)𝟐 =
Write you computations here:

sample mean sample variance sample standard deviation
8
POST - TEST
For numbers 1 and 2: Tarlac National High School-Annex has 1,500 grade 10 students.
Mr. Manalo, the principal, wants to obtain information from the students as to the result of the
Mathematics part in NCAE. Based from 500 sample students surveyed, it was found out that
the mean falls on 65.80 in the said area.
1. What do 1500 grade 10 students signify?
2. What does the value 65.80 denote?

3. Which of the following is a statistic?

A. µ B. 𝜎 2 C. s2 D. 𝜎

is the value of the population mean?
A. 7 B. 8 C. 8.3 D. 8.5

is the value of the population variance?
A. 1.41 B. 2 C. 2.41 D. 4
LESSON 3: Sampling Distribution of Means
Introduction
If the number of elements of the population is too many, it will be extremely hard for
the researchers to collect all data from the group. In some cases, we need to use random
sampling to get appropriate statistic from the samples to draw conclusion that would represent
the population but there can be numerous different set of possible samples of the same size
that can be drawn from a given population. Sampling distribution shows all the possible
samples together with their mean. It describes the probability for each mean of all samples
with the same sample size n.
PRE-TEST
For numbers 1-5, a population consists of the data (1, 2, 3, 4).

1. How many different samples of size n = 2 can be drawn from the population?
A. 6 B. 5 C. 4 D. 3
9
2. Which of the following sample means is the most frequent in the sampling
distribution of sample means?
A. 1.5 B. 2 C. 2.5 D. 3
3. What is the probability of the sample mean 3.5 in the sampling distribution
of sample means?
2 1 3 2
A. B. C. D.
3 6 4 6
4. What is the lowest value of the sample mean in this sampling distribution?
A. 0 B. 1.5 C. 2 D. 2.5
5. Which of the following histogram correctly shows the sampling distribution
of sample means of size n = 2?
2
A. 2 C.
6 6
1 1
6 6
0 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 0 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5

B. 4 D.3
4 3
3
2
4
3
2
4 1
1
3
4
0 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 0 2 2.5 3 3.5 4
Competency
1. Finds the mean and variance of the sampling distribution of the sample mean
(M11/12SP-IIId-5)
10
Abstraction
A sampling distribution of the sample means is the frequency distribution table using the
computed sample means from all the possible random samples of a particular sample size
taken from the given population.
Phases to make the sampling distribution of the sample means:

1. Determine the number of set of all possible random samples that can be drawn from the
given population by using the formula NCn where N is the population size and n is the sample
size.
2. List all the possible random samples and solve for the sample mean of each set of
samples.
3. Construct a frequency distribution table of the sample means indicating its number of
occurrence or the frequency and together with its probability.
Application
Since you already know how to construct sampling distribution and histogram, let us apply
your knowledge in the following data below.
I. A population consists of the values (1, 4, 3, 2). Consider samples of size 2 that can be drawn
from this population.
a. List down all the possible samples and corresponding sample mean.
Observation Samples Sample Mean
1
2
3
4
5
6
b. Construct the sampling distribution of the sample means.

Observation Sample Mean Frequency Probability P(x)
1
2
3
4
11
5
6
c. Draw a histogram of the sampling distribution of the means.
II. Coren was able to sell numbers of pairs of shoes which have sizes of 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8.
Consider samples of size 3 that can be drawn from this population.
a. List down all the possible samples and corresponding sample mean.
Observation Samples Sample Mean
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
b. Construct the sampling distribution of the sample means.

Observation Sample Mean Frequency Probability P(x)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
c. Draw a histogram of the sampling distribution of the means.
12
POST - TEST
For numbers 1-5, a population consists of the data (1, 2, 3, 4).

1. How many different samples of size n = 2 can be drawn from the population?
A. 6 B. 5 C. 4 D. 3
2. Which of the following sample means is the most frequent in the sampling
distribution of sample means?
A. 1.5 B. 2 C. 2.5 D. 3
3. What is the probability of the sample mean 3.5 in the sampling distribution
of sample means?
2 1 3 2
A. B. C. D.
3 6 4 6
4. What is the lowest value of the sample mean in this sampling distribution?
A. 0 B. 1.5 C. 2 D. 2.5
5. Which of the following histogram correctly shows the sampling distribution
of sample means of size n = 2?
A. 2 C.2
6 6
1 1
6 6
0 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 0 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5

4 3
B.4 D.3
3
2
4
3
2
4 1
1
3
4
0 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 0 2 2.5 3 3.5 4
13
References
Books
Alonzo, George A. (2017). Statistics and Probability For Senior High School, Salinlahi
Publishing House, Inc., 1206 Cardonia St. Barangay Poblacion, Makati City,
Philippines.
Belecina, Rene R. et. al. (2016). Statistics and Probability. 1st ed. Rex Bookstore, 856
Nicanor Reyes Sr. St. Sampaloc, Manila.
Websites
Cole, Neal. “Z Score – definition and How to Use – Conversion Uplift”.

https://www.google.com/search?q=z+values+table&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKE
wiZkOnikrfuAhUbI6YKHSBlDBEQ2-cCegQIABAA&oq=z+values&gs_lcp=CgN
pbWcQARgAMgQIABBDMgQIABBDMgQIABBDMgQIABBDMgQIABBDMgIIAD
ICCAAyAggAMgIIADoGCAAQBxAeOggIABAIEAcQHjoKCAAQsQMQgwEQQ1D
8oxBY6v8QYOCREWgAcAB4AIABgwGIAfYEkgEDNy4xmAEAoAEBqgELZ3dzL
Xdpei1pbWfAAQE&sclient=img&ei=x8EOYNmQLpvGmAWgyrGIAQ&bih=912
&biw=1920&rlz=1C1CHBD_enPH913PH913#imgrc=F0JP0o8NizNdrM
Confidence Intervals. https://handbook-5-

1.cochrane.org/chapter_12/12_4_1_confidence_intervals.htm
14

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11

Statistics and Probability

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEETS

Learning Activity Sheets-WEEK 5

CHAPTER III: SAMPLING AND SAMPLING DISTRIBUTION

1. Illustrates a random sampling.(M11/12SP-IIId-2)

Let us analyze the situations given.

2. A researcher selects every 7th students from a list.

Random Sampling is a sampling method of choosing representatives from the population

There are different types of random sampling.

c. Stratified random sampling is a random sampling wherein the population is divided

d. Cluster sampling is a random sampling wherein population is divided into clusters

Identify the random sampling method used in each item.

LESSON 2: Parameter and Statistic

1. What do 1500 grade 10 students signify?

1. Distinguish between parameter and statistic. (M11/12SP-IIId-2)

the population variance,

the population standard deviation,

A parameter is a measure that is used to describe the population. Population mean µ,

I. The IQ of 8 grade one students are given below:

Write you computations here:

population mean population variance population standard

Write you computations here:

2. What does the value 65.80 denote?

3. Which of the following is a statistic?

4. The following are scores of students: 9, 7, 8, 9, 7, 5, 8, 10, 7, 8, and 10. What

5. The following are scores of students: 9, 7, 8, 9, 7, 5, 8, 10, 7, 8, and 10. What

LESSON 3: Sampling Distribution of Means

For numbers 1-5, a population consists of the data (1, 2, 3, 4).

0 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 0 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5

0 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 0 2 2.5 3 3.5 4

Phases to make the sampling distribution of the sample means:

b. Construct the sampling distribution of the sample means.

c. Draw a histogram of the sampling distribution of the means.

b. Construct the sampling distribution of the sample means.

c. Draw a histogram of the sampling distribution of the means.

For numbers 1-5, a population consists of the data (1, 2, 3, 4).

0 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 0 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5

0 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 0 2 2.5 3 3.5 4

Cole, Neal. “Z Score – definition and How to Use – Conversion Uplift”.

Confidence Intervals. https://handbook-5-

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