Charge Electric Field

A
A
physical property of matter region in
space around a

another
that causes
body
to a
charge where
charge
force
electric
experience in
force an
experiences .

electric
field .

positive charge :
proton 1+17 >
F
electron 1-11
negative charge :

CLASSMATE Physics by Kashan Rashid

Both and electrons have
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protons
h s 7 r
, , n
r

equal but
opposite charges .

"
Coulomb
SI Unit : (C) Direction
of field lines ( arrows )
the of force
direction
represent "

proton -11.6×10 -19C

☐ =
on a small
positive charge .

°
electron = -
1.6×10-19 C
While drawing field lines
Like
of
✓
correct
charges repel direction
✓ arrows

attract Radial
field lines
✓ ✓
unlike
charges
 "

^
+
^ ^ Gap between field lines tell
< +
about the strength of field .

< •
>
Less
gap >
strong field ••

gap
weak
field
=
more >
L I
✓
VI s
✓ ✓
>
=
=
Field lines between

I. Null Point
*
> parallel metal plates
•
It is in middle •
A point at which no ' ' '
'
.
.>
>

if charges are electric field exists .

+
>
-

Uniform Electric
equal .

>
CLASSMATE
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Physics by Kashanfield
> Rashidbetween
> plates
1- > L

>
< > <

L
> r

✓
Correct direction i. e. + to -

Gap between field lines should increase

-

-
Radial field lines .
 Changing an Insulator Insulators are
charged via
friction
☒¥i
to woolen
charge
A achieves
body
imbalance
due
the
of no
of protons
. cloth
I
and electrons .
,

If a
body
loses electrons →
positive → plastic
charge rod
° Due to
fiction ,
heat is
produced
•

If a
body gains CLASSMATE
electrons negative → o heat
thisPhysics by Kashan Rashid
is absorbed
by electrons
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both atoms
charge of .

the which was its electrons

body
°

A bonded
body can
only gain or lose
weakly to it
,
loses them .

electrons ! the in
body contact
gains them
o
.

✓ The lost
electrons
PROTONS CANNOT BE ADDED OR REMOVED by one
body are
WHILE CHARGING A BODY equal
other
to the electrons
gained by
.

Insulators
gain charge at the
✓

surface .
 Earthing
woolen cloth → loses electron > becomes
with
positive →
Connecting is a
charged body
electrons
Rod >
gains > becomes
ground called
earthing
negative
→ This is used to remove
"
should be w.int
process
Answer to
always " charge from a
body .

electrons ! Do not
refer to
protons .

Earth is reservoir
a
of charges
o

As both
CLASSMATE
bodies equal and
achieve as it contain
Physics by Kashan
huge Rashid amount
of
opposite charge they attract because and (
charge )
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, , protons electrons + and -

unlike
charges attract
↳ 11 mark )
.

neutral
It is and
stays neutral
•

adding / removing a
few electrons
it
will have no
effect on .
 + neutral
→
+ metal

Ye
-
+

sphere
+ +
-

pulls
+
Positive rod
-

+
+
-

Earth Earth to
electrons in
sphere
- -

+
left andthe an
equal
When positive charged body is induced to
✓ a
positive charge is
Earth it
connected
elections
to
,
it and
pulls
becomes
the
right .

neutral .
from CLASSMATE Physics
+
by Kashan starts to
sphere Rashid lose electrons
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+ to the rod .

+ e

7
<

becomes
+
sphere
Earth Earth due to loss
-
-

t +

+ of
When a negative
charged body rod becomes electrons
✓ +

" " + +

is connected to Earth it
pushes ,
less + due +

electrons to and
ground
becomes +
to
gain of
neutral .
electrons .