There are hro kind of chge

posi# ve charge .C -

protons
eefechon
Negaivechage
7he qnit a charge is Ceulomb

The charge f pooton iJ =/-xle

Celeebh)

Z a o f charge
La cen Servato
an isolcted
charge in
he net cleer
System alwa n s t a t
 Coulombs EnVerse squue Ler
Coulambs

attracHon orrepulsion
The frre
beroern we Poiht chrges is
of
o a O p r H o n d l +v
porduet
)Direeth
The éharges .e =
, 2
roperHona o s9u ar
ZhVers'y
stance berseer the chages.
of
.e r2
 Wherc
F- TheForee ofF
a r a cAion

f r2
reputSion

Y- dIAane besuep

4TE 2
2 -Permiiiy
of mediun.
ATTE 2
 Permiivity

Relcttve permi/1ty (e)or

Diélec o7c co nsfurt*. Ck)
CArjes are pMuce
Perm iH Vir/ OF )edi Un in which

K pesiHVikyaf VacUU m

e = k.e

X/ow cWehave
2
F ATTE 2 4TEK
Bcet
Nmlc2
gx
xIO 2
2

air =

F xlo
 SS I . Unit ef permiH'vity
of medum(e) ,
*

kno c that
we

F
2
=

4TF 2

.
(Coulo mb)
Newton m 2

unitoFsiny Nm
D i e l e coic Censtant C)
of ediyn
Taio ot permti ty
Vi
7he

Conskont of
dleteetmc
S Ccetled

K
Oni I haS no Ynié
 Unit Chrge C o afomb,

eohich wheg
Hhe churye3
10 c e i r
one
metve apast
placed oepef
it
denteed chae
an
foor
.
wth a Frce O1gx1o
 Elecoie e l d

c l d 1Sveglon
1n whih
Ao eechc
c0 oceld be acted upr by
a chaI
(expo7en(es)
eleet rc

g t Certet) po
ZA
the Pa ce
/S acted by
1 e l d E at thut
Th he eteebe
IS aefin-ed as me h o bseen
pornt
E
/Eleeoit feld =

ChGe