Research Instruments

E-discuss diri ug unsa nga klase sa instrument ang gamiton like kung researcher-made

raba, or adapted (gi-gamit ang questionnaire sa uban pero ge modify to fit the needs of the

current study) or adopted ba (kanang questionnaire nga gigamit gikan sa lain study ug wala nay

changes nga gebuhat. If adapted or adopted ang questionnaire, dapat hatagan ug full credit ang

source diri like imo jud pareha anang (Digong 2016). E discuss pud dri sa first paragraph ug pila

ka sub-parts ang questionnaire.

Kini nga paragraph e devote ni para mag explain ug unsa nga language ang gamiton

para sa questionnaire (ug purely English ba, English translated to Bisaya, fully Bisaya ba etc).

Ibutang sad dri ang mga questions na inyung ipangutana sa inyung respondents. Tarunga ug

construct, kanang easy words ang gamiton arun dali masabtan. E number type lang neg butang

ninyu dri.

Example:

1. What is your name?

2. When is your birthday?

3. Nganu gwapa man ka?

4. Nalipay ba mu mag buhat ug research paper?

Data Gathering Procedure

Kini. nga part mag discuss ug unsay procedure sa pag conduct sa research. Inyo

e discuss diri nga mananghid mo sa mga proper authorities like mga school

administrators or mga government officials ba kaha. E discuss diri ug unsay content sa

letter nga inyo e send (mao ni ang basis sa transmittal letter nga inyo himoon sa

Appendix A puhon).
 If minor gani ang inyong mga respondents, dapat nga maghimo pud mo ug letter

para sa mga parents or guardian nga pa-apilon nimo sa survey ang ilang anak. E

discuss pud diri ug unsay content sa letter nga inyo e send (mao ni ang basis sa

transmittal letter nga inyo himoon sa Appendix B puhon).

E -discuss diri dapita unsay paagi sap ag conduct sa study like printed ba nga

questionnaire or electronic ra nga version or both ba depende sa preference sa

respondents or face to face interview or recording interview through online (nya ug

online e state na mag recording). E discuss pud ninyo class kung nga inyong pasabton

ang mga respondents ug unsaon nila sa pag answer ang questionnaire kay basin

checkan tanan lignin na, ma invalid na hinoon.Or ug through interview e sulti dri nga

any language ang pwedeng itubag sa mga respondents. E discuss pud ninyo nga inyo e

-apply ang tanan nga ethical standards sa pag conduct ug social science research like

kanang e treat ninyo with utmost confidentiality ang na collect nga data ug gamiton ra

ang info ng ana collect para sa academic purposes ug dili ninyo ipanabi sa uban labi na

ug marites mo. I-apil nalang pud diri nga pasabton ninyo ang mga respondents nga

wala rewards or punishment and ilang pag-apil or dili pag-apil ug voluntary lang gyud

ang ilang pag response sa inyo survey.

 SAMPLE OUTPUTS

Research Instrument

The study employed a semi-structured interview in gathering the data from the

participants which are the Grade 11 Science, Technology, Engineering and

Mathematics (STEM) students. The following are the questions in conducting the

Focused Group Discussion (FGD) for 11-STEM students of Ramon M. Durano Sr.

Foundation – Science and Technology Education Center. The discussion in line with the

COVID-19 pandemic will be done through Google Meet in English language and the

participants are aware that the FGD will be recorded.

The following were the questions asked during the interview:

1. How do you think your background from the subject helped you cope up in

understanding the lessons?

2. What are the factors that made you think Calculus is not easy to deal with?

3. Why do you think, modular distance learning is a factor to this difficulty?

4. How does other subject affect your schedule in studying Calculus?

5. What are your difficulties in studying Calculus?

6. How do you cope up with such difficulties you are facing?

7. In what way can internet help you in learning Calculus?

8. What do you think you need to effectively learn topics in Calculus?

Data Gathering Procedures

The gathering of data started by formulating a set of limited questions in order to

conduct a semi-structured interview that requires a brief explanation as the English

language acts as the instrument. The researchers had sought a permit from the school

principal and informants through a letter which can be found in the Appendix A and

Appendix B. The letter of permission for the implementation of the interview from the

school head and the participants served as indication for the validity of the study.

Considering the COVID-19 pandemic, the researchers virtually approach the

participants for approaching them personally may cause unfortunate events to each

other. Moreover, the questions presented in the interview required the participants'

perspectives and appropriate questions were used to address the researchers’ aim.

As the researchers used Google Meet for conducting the interview, the

participants responses were then transcribed and encoded.

Treatment of the Data

A qualitative data analysis method in employed in case study research because it

is a versatile research tool that involves deriving conclusions from the data, keeping a

clear chain of evidence. In line with the COVID 19 pandemic, the researcher conducted

a data through an online interview composing an open - ended questions that allowed

the participants to reveal their perspectives and opinion about the study such as

adapting to the new normal education system where learning difficulties are common to

students specially on their specialized subjects. After the interview, the responses of the

participants were then transcribed and encoded.

 The method chosen for this research is thematic analysis (McTavish & Pirro,

1990). So as to dive deeper into the responses, this was followed by coding the

interview segments using an inductive approach where the coding and theme

generation are directed by the content of the data (Braun & Clarke, 2006; Saunders et

al., 2009). This approach was especially useful in establishing the generalizability of

inferences and for developing more vibrant and nuanced interpretations of a

phenomenon (Eisenhardt & Graebner, 2007) The phases of thematic analysis as

described by Braun and Clarke (2006) allow for a systematic way of seeing, as well as

processing qualitative information using “coding”. The several phases of the thematic

analysis as used in the current research are described in the following (Braun & Clarke,

2006): data familiarization, generating initial code, searching for themes across data,

reviewing themes, and producing the report.

 SAMPLE OUTPUTS

Research Instruments

This study employed a semi-structured questionnaire to gather data from the

interview informants which are the Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics

(STEM) students. The researchers has put forth the following questions in conducting

the study, which is the effects of computer games in Science, Technology, Engineering,

and Mathematics (STEM) students in terms of their academic attitudes. The procedure

will be done on account of the COVID-19 pandemic and will be done through an online

survey via English language and that the participants will be made known that it is being

recorded.

1. What is the primary reason why you engage in playing computer games?

2. Why do you neglect your studies to play computer games?

3. What are the positive things about playing computer games?

4. In what way can computer games help you?

5. How does computer games influence you during this pandemic?

6. How did playing computer games impact your academic performance and

attitudes?

7. What are the ways in order to maintain playing and at the same time studying?

8. What advice would you provide to other students who are severely addicted to

computer gaming?
Data Gathering Procedures

On account of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, the researchers will ask the

permission from the school admin before the conduct of the interview through a letter of

consent that can be found in Appendix A. The survey would be done virtually as

approaching the participants may put both the researchers and the participants to be at

risk of being infected by the COVID-19 pandemic. The researchers will conduct the

survey on an online platform which is called the Google Form. In choosing the

participants, the researchers will specifically choose students who are known to be quite

addicted in playing computer games throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. The chosen

participants will first be informed of the survey through a private message in the

messenger of Facebook. The researchers will not pressure the chosen participants to

answer the given survey and will be up to themselves whether to answer the survey or

not. The researchers will only be using the English language as the medium for the

participants to answer the survey.

As the survey will be conducted through Google Form, the responses of the

participants will be summarized systematically and automatically after the confirmed

data has been acquired.

Treatment of Data

A qualitative study which follows the phenomenological inquiry method, that is a

useful research tool in gathering data of lived experiences of the participants. In

consideration for the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, the researchers employed an online

survey constituting of open-ended questions that will enable the participants to reveal

their perceptions and opinion about the possible varying effects of computer games in

terms of their academic attitudes in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic. After the

survey, the participants’ responses will then be transcribed and encoded.

According to Clarke (2006), thematic Analysis is a method for identifying and

analysing patterns of meaning in a dataset. It illustrates which themes are important in

the description of the phenomenon under study. In thematic analysis, there are six main

steps to a successful thematic analysis of the transcripts. (a) Familiarization Phase. This

entails immersing and completely familiarizing oneself with the facts by reading and re-

reading it. (b) Coding Phase. This includes establishing concise labels that indicate key

aspects of the data that may be useful to addressing the research question. (c)

Generating Initial Themes. This segment discusses evaluating the codes and collected

data to discover important larger patterns of meaning possible themes. (d) Reviewing

themes. Candidate themes are compared to the dataset to ensure that they provide a

persuasive story about the data and answer the research question. (e) Defining and

naming themes. This approach involves doing a comprehensive study of each topic,

establishing the scope and focus of each theme, and determining the story of each. (f)
Writing Up. This final step incorporates weaving the analytic narrative and data extracts

together, as well as contextualizing the study in reference to current literature.