Technology and Livelihood Education – Grade 7

Alternative Delivery Mode

Module 10: Interpret Technical Drawings And Plans
First Edition, 2020
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Published by the Department of Education – Region 10

Regional Director: Dr. Arturo B. Bayocot, CESO III
Assistant Regional Director: Dr. Victor Q. De Gracia Jr., CESO V
Development Team of the Module
Writers: Michael Joseph F. Boniao, TI, Mansabay IS
Remegio S. Adlaon, TI, Clarin, NHS
Merrydelle Joy B. Lauron, TII, Baliangao SOF
Anna Z. Gumahad, TI, Baliangao SOF
Remuel Montifalcon, TII, Aloran THS
Helen G. Marcellana, MTI, Aloran THS

Evaluators: Nena T. Arcay, School Head, Baliangao SOF

Gregorio F. Carillo, Jr., HT III, Clarin NHS
Spark Erl E. Balicog, TI, Clarin NHS
Sammy C. Adlaon, TII, Lampasan IS

Illustrator and Layout Artist: Michael Joseph F. Boniao,, TI, Mansabay IS

Management Team
Chairperson: Dr. Arturo B. Bayocot, CESO III
Regional Director
Co-Chairpersons: Dr. Victor G. De Gracia Jr. CESO V
Asst. Regional Director
Edwin R. Maribojoc, EdD, CESO VI
Schools Division Superintendent
Myra P. Mebato,PhD, CESE
Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
Mala Epra B. Magnaong, Chief ES, CLMD
Members Neil A. Improgo, EPS-LRMS
Bienvenido U. Tagolimot, Jr., EPS-ADM
Samuel C. Silacan, EdD, CID Chief
Joseph T. Boniao, EPS – EPP/TLE
Rone Ray M. Portacion, EdD, EPS – LRMS
Edwin V. Palma, PSDS
Ray G. Salcedo, Principal II/District In-charge
Avilla G. Taclob, Principal I/District In-charge
Agnes P. Gonzales, PDO II
Vilma M. Inso, Librarian II

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 7
Technology and
Livelihood Education
Module 10
(INTERPRET TECHNICAL DRAWINGS AND
PLANS)

This instructional material was collaboratively developed and

reviewed by educators from public schools. We encourage teachers and
other education stakeholders to email their feedback, comments, and
recommendations to the Department of Education – Region 10 at
region10@ deped.gov.ph.

We value your feedback and recommendations.

Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines
 Introductory Message

For the learner:

Welcome to the Technology and Livelihood Education 7 Alternative Delivery
Mode (ADM) Module on Interpret Technical Drawings and Plans.

The hand is one of the most symbolized part of the human body. It is often used
to depict skill, action and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create and
accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a learner is
capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant competencies and skills
at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies in your own hands!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities
for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled
to process the contents of the learning resource while being an active learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or
competencies you are expected to learn in
the module.

What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to

check what you already know about the
lesson to take. If you get all the answers
correct (100%), you may decide to skip this
module.

What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link

the current lesson with the previous one.

What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be

introduced to you in various ways such as a
story, a song, a poem, a problem opener, an
activity or a situation.

What is It This section provides a brief discussion of the

lesson. This aims to help you discover and
understand new concepts and skills.

What’s More This comprises activities for independent

practice to solidify your understanding and
skills of the topic. You may check the
answers to the exercises using the Answer
Key at the end of the module.

What I Have Learned This includes questions or blank

sentence/paragraph to be filled in to process
what you learned from the lesson.
 What I Can Do This section provides an activity which will
help you transfer your new knowledge or skill
into real life situations or concerns.

Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your

level of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.

Additional Activities In this portion, another activity will be given to

you to enrich your knowledge or skill of the
lesson learned. This also tends retention of
learned concepts.

Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the

module.

At the end of this module you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in developing

this module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the
module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.

If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are not
alone.
We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning
and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!
 Table of Contents

What I Need to Know ---------------- 1

What I Know ---------------- 2
What’s In ---------------- 3
What’s New ---------------- 4
What is It ---------------- 5
What’s More ---------------- 10
What I Have Learned ---------------- 12
What I Can Do ---------------- 13
Assessment ---------------- 19
Additional Activities ---------------- 21
Answer Key ---------------- 22
References ---------------- 23
 Lesson
Prepare and Interpret

10 Technical Drawing
LO 2. Interpret Technical Drawing and Plans

What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help
you master the nature of Technical and Livelihood Education, in the field of
Technical Drafting. The scope of this module permits it to be used in many
different learning situations. The language used recognizes the diverse
vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged to follow the standard
sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them can be changed
to correspond with the textbook you are now using.

After going through this module, you are expected to:

LO2. Interpret technical drawings and plans

1. Identify necessary materials according to the technical drawing

2. Recognize components, assemblies, or objects based on job
requirements
3. Identify dimensions and specifications according to job requirements

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 What I Know

ONE PIC, ONE ANSWER.

DIRECTIONS. Rearrange the jumbled letters to form a word related to the image
below. Write your answer on the TLE – Technical Drafting Activity Notebook.

1. SASGL XBO AOCHRAPP - _________________

2. SASPCMO TEHMDO 3. ELGANIRT DEHTOM

____________________ ___________________

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MULTIPLE CHOICE.
DIRECTIONS: Read carefully the sentences below, then choose the letter of
the correct answer. Write your answer on your TLE – Technical Drafting
Activity Notebook.
1. This was the first defined as the width of the thumb.
a. Cubic c. One foot
b. Meter d. One inch
2. This is the length of man’s forearm.
a. Cubic c. One foot
b. Meter d. One inch
3. This is a system used in measuring capitalizing on centimeter as a unit.
a. English System b. Metric System
c. Solar System d. Respiratory System

4. This is a system of measure using an inch as a unit.

a. Metric System c. Solar System
b. English System d. Respiratory System

5. What system of arrangement is

shown below?
a. Aligned system
b. Unidirectional System
c. Metric System
d. English System

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 What’s In

On the previous lesson, you’ve learned about the Alphabet of Lines and
its uses. Like hidden lines, which is used for the hidden parts of an object, center
lines for indicating the center of a line or arc, and so on and so forth. Before
we'll proceed to our next lesson, you will perform first the Activity 1.

What’s New

Activity 1. MY HOUSE, MY VIEW.

DIRECTIONS: Take a picture of your house in 4 sides. Print the picture and
paste it on your TLE - Technical Drafting Activity Notebook. Label it according
to its view.

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 What is It

ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTION
This is a projection with all the views arranged at right angles to each
other. It completely describe the given object in size and in design. It is generally
used as basis for all working drawings.
We have previously started that in order to construct an object, or
project, it has to be planned and drawn accurately. This can be done in multiple
views where the drawing shows the top, front and side views of the object in a
certain angle.
In this kind of drawing, an object is drawn according to how to we see it,
such that, viewed in front, we can see the width and height; on the top, length
and the depth or width; on the side, its height, width and thickness. If the three
views of an object could be drawn, we would get the exact information needed
to form or construct an object.
The following figures will show on how an orthographic projection is
drawn.

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 1. Let us presume that a block is
inside a glass case.
2. The view of an object are projected
against the casing of the glass box.
3. If we shall open the casing on the
top and the sides, we will then have
the three views of the block.

In an orthographic drawing therefore, we

must try to remember that:
1. The top view (TV) shows only the
shape of the object.
2. The front view (FV) shows the other forms by ways of hidden lines.
3. We must show only the most important views; two views may be
sufficient, and at most, three, but seldom more than three.
4. The front view is drawn on the LOWER LEFT PORTION of the drawing;
the TOP VIEW is directly aligned on top of the front view.
5. The HEIGHT and WIDTH of the object must be seen on the front view;
the WIDTH and LENGTH on the top view; and the HEIGHT, WIDTH and
THICKNESS on the side view.
6. The whole drawing or projection must be on the left and the assembly
drawing (isometric or oblique drawing of the object) must be on the right.
7. A space of from 12 – 25 mm (3/4” – 1”) must be given for each view.

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 What is It

WAYS IN PRESENTING ORTHOGRAPHIC DRAWING

1. GLASS BOX APPROACH

• Place the object in a glass box

• Freeze the view from each direction (each of the six sides of the box)
and unfold the box

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2. 45 X 45 TRIANGLE METHOD
 Draw the overall dimensions of the front view of the object
 Measure 15 cm from the top corner of the front view, then do the
same thing as the first method.
 Complete the necessary details in front and top view
 Create construction lines (light lines) sideways (regardless of the
dimensions)
 Position the tip of the 45 x 45 triangle at the upper right of the
front view.
 Project the intersections to create the right side view of the
object.
 Input all dimensions.

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 3. COMPASS METHOD
 Draw the overall dimensions of the front view of the object
 Measure 15 cm from the top corner of the front view, then do the
same thing as the first method.
 Complete the necessary details in front and top view
 Create construction lines (light lines) sideways (regardless of the
dimensions)
 Position the needle tip of the compass at the upper right of the
front view. Position also the pencil tip at the right corner of the
top view.
 Twist the pencil tip of the compass downwards.
 Project the intersections to create the right side view of the
object.
 Input all dimensions.

DIMENSIONING

This topic is focused on the study of the details of dimensioning a

drawing both orthographic and isometric views. It includes the systems used in
dimensioning, placement and constructions of lines and figures, arrangement
of figures in laying out sizes and the basic rules in dimensioning.
The emphasis in this study is on machine dimension, which is a little
complicated than architectural dimensions.

DIMENSION – the measurement of the size, or the description of the

size of the given model. Its purpose is to give the exact proportion of the parts
and their respective relations.

HISTORY OF MEASUREMENTS
When some of the basic measurement practices were first exercised in
the field, the units of measure was more on practical objects. The period then
was known later as the “Rule of the Thumb”, using different symbols.

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 1. One Inch. This was the first defined as the width of the thumb. It is
equivalent to 3 rounds of dried barley corns. It was first practiced in
England and later accepted as 1/36th of a yard.
2. One Foot. This is equivalent to the length of a man’s foot, or 1/3 yard.
3. Cubic. This is the length of man’s forearm. It is believed to be about
18” in length, as of our present measure. It gained distinction during
the time of Noah and the famous arc.
4. Meter. This was first adopted in 1793 in France, the time when
Napoleon Bonaparte rose to power. It is a unit of measure equivalent
to 39.37”.
5. Yard. This was legally defined in 1824 in England by their law.
These units were used for some time until equivalent decimals and
fractions and other modifications, including the inventions of modern devices
were introduced for a more accurate, practical and time saving equipments.

PURPOSE OF DIMENSIONING
1. A dimension shows the actual size of the object quickly. Scaling or the
actual measurement is not needed to discover the exact sizes of parts
when a set of dimension is already indicated.
2. It eliminates minor errors that are often made and that which cannot be
avoided in scaling.
3. It is adaptable. Unscaled drawings can still bear dimensions equal to the
object drawn to a definite scale, like sketches.
4. It is readable and could easily be understood by a layman, or any
individual who has little or no knowledge about scaling.

SYSTEMS OF MEASUREMENTS USED

There are 2 major systems used in measuring, both in the old and new
world.
1. METRIC SYSTEM. (meter, centimeter, kilometer, millimeter, etc)
This is a system used in measuring capitalizing on centimetre as
a unit. It is called the “International System of Units”. It is one of the
standard measures in the European countries. It is proven to be an
easier system since there are only 10 units smaller or bigger to the next
unit. This is fully divided at its entire length.
This system is already accepted in the United State of America
and is now recognized in the Philippines as an official unit of measure.
Thus we are now in the metrication stage, leaving the English system as
part only of our history.

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 2. ENGLISH SYSTEM. (Inch, foot,
yard, etc)
This is a system of
measure using an inch as a unit.
It is called the U.S. customary
system. This was the old standard
in the U.S.A., and of course
Philippines.

KINDS OF DIMENSIONS.
Dimensions are classified according to their uses and the application, as
follows:

1. SIZE DIMENSION. This gives the exact measurements of the object

defining a small piece. It answers the
question “How much” in a working
drawing.
a. DETAIL or PART DIMENSION.
This is a partial size dimension.
It is the measurement that
gives the size of the minute
part of the object drawn.
b. OVER-ALL or TOTAL
DIMENSION. This is the total
of all detailed dimensions. It
gives the whole size of the object.
2. LOCATION DIMENSION. This tells the relative position of the part
dimensioned, like a small arc or circle. It is represented with a pointer or
a dimension line. It answers “Where” in a drawing other than telling “How
much”.

SYSTEMS OF DIMENSIONING USED.

The position of the numbers in a dimension is arranged based on the
desired system as to the workers’ choice, convenience of the space available
and the specific uses.
1. ALIGNED SYSTEM. This is a system where the figures are in line with
the dimension lines. This is in general use for almost all of the drafting
works. It is also preferred for aircraft, automotive and other related works
using a very wide sheet where reading at the bottom is too difficult for
the dimensions on top. Dimension numbers are both read from the right
side of the paper and at the base.

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 2. UNIDIRECTIONAL SYSTEM. This is a system where all numbers are
read at the
bottom of the
sheet, like
notes. Fraction
bars here are
all drawn with
the plane of the
paper.

ARRANGEMENT OF DIMENSION FIGURES

1. CONTINUOUS (Aligned) SYSTEM. All the figures here are in line with
each other forming a column. This is applicable if the figures are only
few. Rather it is a poor practice in a series of parallel dimensions.
2. STAGGERED SYSTEM. In this idea, the figures are not arranged in line
but at random. This is a preferred practice in a multiple dimensions, as
recommended. The major objective here is readability of the figures.

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 What’s More

Let’s perform Task Sheet 5: LABEL THE VIEWS. In this task, you are
going to label the views of the objects in the Drawing Template provided by
using any colouring materials you have. You may use any of the mediums:
 CRAYONS,
 WATER COLOR
 COLORING PENCILS/COLORING PENS.
Use RED for TOP VIEW, BLUE for FRONT VIEW, GREEN for RIGHT SIDE
VIEW. Understand and visualize the object carefully.

SAMPLE: ANSWER:

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Criteria for the Activity: Analytic Scoring Rubrics

Criteria 25 points 15 points 10 point

ACCURACY All lines are drawn Some lines are Most of the lines
appropriately and drawn are
freehand inappropriately inappropriately
and NOT in drawn and NOT
freehand. in freehand
NEATNESS Finished output Pleasing but Finished output
was neatly done, erasures and have so many
pleasing to the smudges are erasures and
eyes and no observable on smudges and
erasures/smudges the finished quite unpleasant
found. output.

Let’s perform Task Sheet 7: EXTENSION AND DIMENSION LINES. In

this task, you are going to learn the basics of applying extension and dimension
lines in the drawing. Draw this on the Drawing Plate attached in this module.

Tip: Do not use heavy lines in this task. Use light lines first, then apply heavy
lines for finishing.

Tools/Materials to be used:
1 Paper 1 Pencil 1 Ruler 1 Eraser

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 What I Have Learned

DIRECTIONS: Read the sentences given. Fill in the blanks with the
appropriate word to make the sentence complete. Write your answers on your
TLE – Technical Drafting Activity Notebook.

1. ___________________________ is a projection with all the views

arranged at right angles to each other. It completely describes the given
object in size and in design. It is generally used as basis for all working
drawings.
2. There are three views in Orthographic Projection: _______, ______
AND _____________ VIEW.
3. There are three (3) ways in presenting Orthographic Drawing. What are
those?
4. _____________ places the object in a box and freezes the view from
each direction, ________________ positions the tip of the 45 x 45
triangle at the upper right of the front view and ________ positions the
needle tip of the compass at the upper right of the front view, then twists
the pencil tip downwards.
5. _____________ is the measurement of the size, or the description of the
size of the given model.
6. There are 2 Systems of Measurements used in Technical Drafting:
_____________ that uses meter, kilometre, etc. and _____________
which uses inches, feet, yards, etc.
7. There are 2 Kinds of Dimensions: _____________and _____________
8. There 2 Kinds of Size Dimensions: _____________ and
_____________.
9. There are 2 Systems of Dimensioning to be used: _____________and
_____________.
10. There are 2 Kinds of Arrangement of Dimension Figures:
_____________ and _____________.

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 What I Can Do

Task Sheet No.: 6

Task Sheet Title: Orthographic Projection
Description: This activity is to test your eye accuracy, focus and neatness of
your work. Extreme focus and concentration is the key in accomplishing the
task. Neatness is a must to achieve perfection in this work. A cleaner work
means higher rating in this task. Tip: Don’t press your pencil hard. Try to draw
lightly. Apply less pressure in holding the pencil.
DIRECTIONS: Draw the Orthographic Presentation in your drawing plate. You
can trace the drawing if you want. The rating depends on the neatness and
accuracy you’ve performed in accomplishing the task. Your output will be
rated accordingly using the rubrics below.
Tools/Materials to be used:
1 Drawing Template (to be provided) 1 Drawing Compass
1 Pencil
1 Eraser
1 45 x 45 Triangle

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Criteria for the Activity: Analytic Scoring Rubrics

Criteria 25 points 15 points 10 point

ACCURACY All lines are drawn Some lines are Most of the lines
appropriately and drawn are
freehand inappropriately inappropriately
and NOT in drawn and NOT
freehand. in freehand
NEATNESS Finished output Pleasing but Finished output
was neatly done, erasures and have so many
pleasing to the smudges are erasures and
eyes and no observable on smudges and
erasures/smudges the finished quite unpleasant
found. output.

Task Sheet No.: 8

Task Sheet Title: Techniques of Dimensioning
Description: This activity is to test your eye accuracy, focus and neatness of
your work. Extreme focus and concentration is the key in accomplishing the
task. Neatness is a must to achieve perfection in this work. A cleaner work
means higher rating in this task. Tip: Don’t press your pencil hard. Try to draw
lightly. Apply less pressure in holding the pencil.
DIRECTIONS: Draw in the Drawing Plate 8 provided. You can trace the
drawing plate. The rating depends on the neatness and accuracy you’ve
performed in accomplishing the task. Your output will be rated accordingly in
the rubrics below.
Tools/Materials to be used:
1 Paper (Bondpaper/Intermediate) 1 Drawing Compass
1 Pencil
1 Eraser
1 45 x 45 Triangle

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 Assessment

I. CROSSWORD PUZZLE.
DIRECTIONS. Find the words from the puzzle which are related to the topic
,Orthographic Projection. Write your answers on your TLE – Technical
Drafting Activity Notebook.
A F R O N T L S T R I A N G L E M E T H O D
S W I S O M E T R I C D R A W I N G Q D M N
F Q Q S F G F L W Q Y U H J K N M J U E W A
G W A P O W T O P D S D H K L R W I I O M W
O R T H O G R A P H I C P R O J E C T I O N
H H P S Q R I G H T S I D E Y U R W N M F G
T N O S P E C O M P A S S M E T H O D P O U
R K T G L A S S B O X A P P R O A C H W E L
W L E J E R Q W R T Y U J H J D E Q W K L M

II. DRAWING: Draw the views of the following objects in the box provided in
this module. Understand the views critically. I already did the first one for
you. Good luck! You can do it!

JUMBLED LETTERS. Rearrange the jumbled letters to form a word/s that is

being defined in the item. Write your answer on your TLE – Technical Drafting
Activity Notebook.

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 1. NOISNEMDI - the measurement of the size, or the description of the
size of the given model.
2. CRIETM EMTSSY – a system used in measuring capitalizing on
centimetre as a unit. It is called the “International System of Units”.

3. NEO CHNI. This was the first defined as the width of the thumb. It is
equivalent to 3 rounds of dried barley corns.

4. IZES MNEIDNIOS. This gives the exact measurements of the object

defining a small piece.
5. NOITACLO SOIMEDNNI. This tells the relative position of the part
dimensioned, like a small arc or circle.
6. LANOITCERIDINU TEMYSS This is a system where all numbers are
read at the bottom of the sheet, like notes.

7. DENGLIA YMETSS. This is a system where the figures are in line with
the dimension lines.
8. GGASTRREDE MEYTSS. The figures are not arranged in line but at
random.
9. LIADTEDE NIOSMIDEN. This is a partial size dimension.It is the
measurement that gives the size of the minute part of the object drawn.

10. ATOLT MISONIDEN. This is the total of all detailed dimensions. It

gives the whole size of the object.

Additional Activities

PRACTICE AT YOUR OWN PACE. Choose at least 3 objects given

below. Draw your answers on the sheet provided in this module.

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 Answer Key

What ‘s More:

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 I.

II.
DRAWING
ISOMETRIC
METHOD
Assessment:

COMPASS
METHOD
TRIANGLE
APPROACH
GLASSBOX
PROJECTION
ORTHOGRAPHIC
REAR
SIDE
CROSSWORD PUZZLE

RIGHT
LEFT

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FRONT
ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTION

1. Dimension
2. Metric System
3. One Inch
4. Size Dimension
5. Location Dimension
6. Unidirectional
System
7. Aligned System
8. Staggered System
9. Detailed Dimension
10. Total Dimension
 References

BENITO C. LAURITO, BSIE-MTT (DRAFTING) Technical Drawing for

Beginners. Dept. of Industrial Teachers Education, College of Education, MSU-
IIT, Iligan City 2000.

K to 12 Basic Education Curriculum Technology and Livelihood

Education Learning Module (Mechanical Drafting) Grade 7 & 8 Exploratory
Course

For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – Region 10

Zone 1, DepEd Building Masterson Avenue, Upper Balulang

Cagayan de Oro City, 9000
Telefax: (088) 880 7072
E-mail Address: region10@deped.govph

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