10

Computer
Programming
Quarter I – Module 4:
Concepts on Business Information System

"Designed by macrovector / Freepik"

Computer Programming– Grade 10
Self-Learning Module
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education – Regional Office VIII

Regional Director: Evelyn R. FetalveroRamir B. Uytico EdD, CESO IV
Assistant Regional Director: Bebiano I. SentillasArnulfo M. Balane, CESO V

Development Team of the Module

Writer: Teremie Joseph C. Obado
Language Editors: Evangeline G. Catayoc
Content Editor: Nestor Matutes, Anayn D. Lu, Lourdes Filipina C. Uycoque, PhDJulius
Dane T. Waniwan
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Layout Artist: Jyzel S. Navarra
Management Team:
Evelyn R. FetalveroMa. Gemma Mercado Ledesma, Regional
Director
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Rosemarie M. Guino EdD,OIC – Chief, CLMD
Ryan R. Tiu EdD, EPS, CLMD – Science
Joy B. Bihag, EPS, CLMD – LRMS
Renato S. Cagomoc, EdD, Chief CID
Joy B. Saldaña, EdD, EPS, CID – Science
Noel E. Sagayap, EPS, CID - LRMS

Printed in the Philippines by ________________________

Department of Education –Regional Office VIII

Office Address: Government Center, Candahug, Palo, Leyte

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Telefax: 053 - 3233156
E-mail Address: region8@deped.gov.ph

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Introductory Message

This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you, our dear learners,
can continue your studies and learn while at home. Activities, questions,
directions, exercises, and discussions are carefully stated for you to understand
each lesson.

Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you step-by-
step as you discover and understand the lesson prepared for you.

At the end of each module, you need to answer the test to self-check your
learning. Answer keys are provided for each activity and test. We trust that you will
be honest in using these.

In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teacher are also
provided to our facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on how they
can best help you on your home-based learning.

Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on any
part of this SLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises and
tests. And read the instructions carefully before performing each task.

If you have any questions in using this SLM or any difficulty in answering
the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator.

Thank you.

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For the learner:

Welcome to the Self – Learning Module about Concepts on Single and

Multidimensional Arrays of programming.
The hand is one of the most symbolized part of the human body. It is often used to
depict skill, action, and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create, and
accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a
learner is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant
competencies and skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies in
your own hands!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities
for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be
enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while being an active
learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

This will give you an idea of the skills or

Explore
competencies you are expected to learn in the
module. A brief drill or review to help you link
the current lesson with the previous one. The
new lesson will also be introduced to you in
various ways such as a story, a song, a poem, a
problem opener, an activity, or a situation.
This section provides a brief discussion of the
Learn
lesson. This aims to help you discover and
understand new concepts and skills.

What’s More This comprises activities for independent

practice to solidify your understanding and
skills of the topic. You may check the answers
to the exercises using the Answer Key at the
end of the module.
This includes questions or blank
Apply sentence/paragraph to be filled into process
what you learned from the lesson.

Assess This is a task which aims to evaluate your level

of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.
This contains answers to all activities in the
Answer Key module.

This contains the learner’s reflection. Learners

Reflect
are encouraged to think about the lessons
particularly the parts that went well (they have
understood) and the parts that were weak (they
have difficulty) and write about it briefly.

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 Learners can share their thoughts and feeling
about the lessons.

At the end of this module you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in

developing this module.
Introductory Message

This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you, our dear learners,
can continue your studies and learn while at home. Activities, questions,
directions, exercises, and discussions are carefully stated for you to understand
each lesson.

Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you step-by-
step as you discover and understand the lesson prepared for you.

At the end of each module, you need to answer the assesment to self-check
your learning. Answer keys are provided for each activity and test. We trust that
you will be honest in using these.

In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teacher are also
provided to our facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on how they
can best help you with your home-based learning.

Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on any
part of this SLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises and
tests. Read the instructions carefully before performing each task.

If you have any questions about using this SLM or any difficulty in
answering the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or
facilitator.

Thank you!

The following are some reminders in using this module:

[1.] Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part
of the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
[2.] Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
[3.] Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your
answers.
[4.] Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
[5.] Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with
it.

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 If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are not
alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning
and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

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 Explore

Introduction:
In the previous lessons you have learned the different types of Information
Systems. Most businesses utilize six different information technology systems, each
with functionality that assists in managing a particular business unit or
organizational level.

The six types of information system allow a company to maintain a

competitive edge, find growth opportunities, and keep an accurate audit trail of
financial and transactional data for compliance purposes.

After going through this module, you are expected to:

Explain the concept of Business Information System.

Subtasks:
1. Differentiate Management Information System and Operation Information
System
2. Identify the characteristics and features of Business Information System
3. Describe the concept of Business Information System

4.

Q1_STE_Computer_Programming_ Module 4 Page 6 of 20

 Learn

DEFINING DATA AND INFORMATION

Read the short comic strip….

Nowadays, people can communicate easily, exchange information, and

produce digital content via social networking platforms. By sharing data and
information, it is easy to establish connections between organizations especially in
business.

It is critical to understand the difference between data and information. Data

is a raw fact and can take the form of a number or statement such as a date or a
measurement. It is vital for firms to implement procedures to ensure that data is
recorded. For example, to ensure that a call center operator includes the postcode
of every customer, it should be written into their script and a validation check must
be performed to confirm if data have been entered into the system.

Data that has been processed in order to make it meaningful is a typical

definition of information. This requires a process that is used to produce
information which involves collecting data and then subjecting them to a
transformation process in order to create information. Some examples of
information include a sales forecast or a financial statement. As stated, information
is generated through the transformation of data. This can be achieved using a
number of different transformation or data processes. Some examples of data
processes include aggregating which summarizes data by such means as taking an
average value of a group of numbers.

Finally, data can be chosen based on a set of selection criteria, such as the
geographical location of customers. Although information is a valuable resource for

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 both individuals and businesses, not all information is beneficial. Attributes can be
related to the timing, content and form of the information.

Defining Information Systems

The role of the Information Systems is to provide information to management

which will enable them to make decisions to ensure that the organization is
controlled. The organization will be in control if it meets the needs of the
environment. Open-loop and closed-loop control systems are two types of control
systems.

An open-loop control system has no method of verifying that a processes’

goals are satisfied. Because of the complexity of the environment in which
companies operate, they are unsuited in an organizational setting. Thus, open-loop
systems would only be successful in attaining a system’s objectives in cases where
we know with certainty the events that would take place during the system’s
process.

Closed-loop systems can have two types of control mechanism referred to as

feedback control and feedforward control. Feedback control systems generally
provide a way of ensuring a system is under control. When steps are done to
reverse any disparities between desired and actual outputs, it is known as negative
feedback. The weakness of this approach is the potential for delay between the
discrepancy and the action taken to reduce it.

BUSINESS INFORMATION SYSTEMS

Business Information System is a group of interrelated components that

work collectively to carry out input, processing, output, storage, and control
actions in order to convert data into information products that can be used to
support forecasting, planning, control, coordination, decision making, and
operational activities in an organization. In terms of the components that
undertake this activity, they can be classified into five basic resources: people,
hardware, software, communication, and data. People resources include the users
and developers of an information system and those who help maintain and operate
the system such as Information System (IS) managers and technical support staff.
Hardware resources include computers and other items such as printers. Software
resources refer to computer programs known as software and associated
instruction manuals. Communication resources include networks and the
hardware and software needed to support them. Data resources cover the data that
an organization has access to such as computer databases and paper files.
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 In most organizations Business Information Systems (BIS) make extensive
use of information technology, such as personal computers. The reasons why
computerized BIS have become widespread are evident in their advantages such as
speed, accuracy, and dependability. They also have a high degree of flexibility due
to their ability to be programmed to carry out a wide variety of tasks. There are,
however, some disadvantages to BIS such as the lack of creativity that humans
possess and the difficulty of incorporating other factors into their decision making
such as innovation and intuition.
Business Information Systems are sets of inter-related procedures using
Information Technology (IT) infrastructure in a business enterprise to generate and
disseminate desired information.

The Business Information System gets data and other resources of IT

infrastructure as input from the environment and process them to satisfy the
information needs of different entities associated with the business enterprise.

There are systems of control over the use of IT resources and the feedback
system offers useful clues for increasing the benefits of information systems to
business. The Business Information Systems are sub-systems of business system
and by themselves serve the function of feedback and control in business system.

Types of Business Information System

Information Systems may be divided into two categories of systems that
support an organization’s day-to-day business activities and systems that support
managerial decision making.

Operations Information Systems (OIS) are generally concerned with process

control, transaction processing and communications. Management Information
Systems (MIS) are concerned with providing support to managerial decision
making. Recently this division of BIS into operational and management systems,
although useful for managers reviewing the types of BIS in use, does not now
accurately reflect the reality of systems used within an organization, particularly
with the increased use of inter-organizational e-commerce and electronic data
interchange (EDI).

Type Definition
Operations The tracking of fundamental activities with the use of ICT, as
Information well as basic transactions that happen over the course of
Systems (OIS) operations.
Management
A computer system consisting of hardware and software that
Information
serve as a backbone of organizations operations.
Systems (MIS)

What is Management Information System

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 Management Information System (MIS) is the study of people, technology,
organizations, and the relationship among them. MIS professionals help firms
realize maximum benefit from investment. They are people-oriented field with
emphasis on service through technology.

MIS Professionals Makes Business Better

Businesses use information systems at all levels of operation to collect,
process, and store data. Management aggregates and disseminates this data in the
form of information needed to carry out the daily operations of business. Everyone
who works in business, from someone who pays the bills to the person who makes
employment decisions, uses information systems. A car dealership could use a
computer database to keep track of which products sell best. A retail store might
use a computer-based information system to sell products over the Internet. In
fact, many (if not most) businesses concentrate on the alignment of MIS with
business goals to achieve competitive advantage over other businesses.

MIS professionals create information systems for data management (i.e.,

storing, searching, and analyzing data). In addition, they manage various
information systems to meet the needs of managers, staff, and customers. With the
collaborative effort of various members of their work group, as well as with their
customers and clients, MIS professionals are able to play a key role in areas such
as information security, integration, and exchange. As an MIS major, you will learn
to design, implement, and use business information systems in innovative ways to
increase the effectiveness and efficiency of your company.

A large portion of the MIS degree focuses on data analysis, teamwork,

leadership, project management, customer service, and underlying business
theories.

The traits below set the MIS professionals apart from a computer science
specialists:
 Do you enjoy working with people?
 Would you enjoy the chance to work on global problems with people from all
over the world?
 Do you enjoy analyzing and solving problems?
 Do you want to create innovative, cutting-edge technology solutions?
 Do you want to learn how to make businesses more efficient, effective and
competitive?
What qualifications are needed to pursue MIS degree?
 good problem-solving skills
 ability to effectively manage time and resources
 a clear vision of “the big picture” as well as the “small details”
 a desire to work closely with other people
 excellent communication skills
 ability to think strategically about technology
 a desire to take responsibility for developing and implementing their own ideas
What are the typical career options for MIS Professionals?
• IT Consultant

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 • Web Developer
• Information Systems Manager
• Business Intelligence Analyst
• Network Administrator
• Business Application Developer
• Systems Analyst
• Technical Support Specialist
• Business Analyst
• Systems Developer

Characteristics and Features of Business Information System

The characteristics and features of Business Information Systems are:

1. The Business Information Systems are subject to the dynamics of business

environment and need to be flexible enough to absorb the inevitable changes
in the information needs of business. They have to be efficient to satisfy the
demanding and ‘hard taskmasters,’ the business managers. Thus, there is
need to balance the conflicting objectives in the process of designing business
information systems.

2. Business Information Systems need to be proactive. They should anticipate

changes in information needs of users and accordingly adapt themselves to
suit their needs. This has become important because of the fact that the
managers get involved in the routine activities to the extent that the decision
making becomes a matter of imitating what competitors are doing or planning
to do, rather than making an informed choice.

3. The purpose of Business Information System is to cater to the information

needs for decision-making in business.

4. The Business Information Systems have to be designed keeping in view the

availability of financial and human resources to the business enterprise.

Key Components of Business Information System

The key components of Business Information Systems are:

1. Decisions
2. Transactions and processing
3. Information and its flow
4. Individuals or functions involved

It is difficult to observe the decision process, however, we can see and review
the results of a decision. Transactions are usually more visible, though many
current systems use computer programs, which are not easy to understand, to
process transactions. In principle, an observer can see information and its flow,

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 yet, it is not always easy to figure out the information processing functions they
perform.

Engage

ACTIVITY: UNDERSTANDING ARRAY

The following activity is for your independent practice to solidify your knowledge
and skills learned about the topic.

ACTIVITY: VENN DIAGRAM

Directions: Complete the Venn Diagram below by writing the differences and
similarities about Management Information System and Operation Information
System.

OIS MIS

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 Apply

ACTIVITY 1: Characteristics of an IT Professional

INSTRUCTIONS: Imagine that you are an MIS Professional working in a company.

What are the characteristics that you should possess to become a
competent IT consultant in your company?

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 Assess

A. MULTIPLE CHOICE:

Instructions: Read the statements carefully and chose the letter of your best
answer. Write your choice in your answer sheet.

1. It deals with process control, transaction processing, and communications with

the use of ICT.
a. Operations Information Systems
b. Management Information System
c. IT consultant
d. MIS Professional

2. A computer system consisting of hardware and software that serve as a

backbone of organizations operations.
a. Operations Information Systems
b. Management Information System
c. IT consultant
d. MIS Professional

3. Which of the following is NOT a typical career options for MIS Professional?
a. Web Developer
b. Programmer
c. Accountant
d. Computer Engineer

4. Which role best describes MIS Professional in Business Information System?

a. They help to boost the business through marketing strategies in stock
market.
b. They help to boost the business through utilizing technology by collecting,
analyzing, processing and using the data available.
c. They secure the data and privacy of company.
d. They create a system for the company.

5. Which describes Business Information System?

Q1_STE_Computer_Programming_ Module 4 Page 14 of 20

 a. Business information systems provide information that organizations use
to manage themselves efficiently and effectively.
b. Business information systems are sets of inter-related procedures using IT
infrastructure.
c. Business and technology go together intrinsically.
d. All of the above

B. True or False

Instructions: Write TRUE if the statement is correct and FALSE if not. Write your
answer in your answer sheet.

_________1. MIS professionals create information systems for data management,

storing, searching, and analyzing data.
_________2. Famous online stores use information system to advertise their
products.
_________3. IT consultant focuses only in coding and developing system.
_________4. Developing a School Kiosk is an example of Operations Information
System
_________5. Tracing your search history and interest from social media, a strategy
for endorsement a next Ad is an example of utilizing, processing and
using information for business strategy.

Reflect

Reflection guide questions / statement.

1. What is the most important thing you learn from this module?

2. What topic do you want to learn more about Business Information Technology?

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 3. Where did you encounter difficulties in this lesson or module, and what did you
do to deal with it?

Answer Key

ASSESS: APPLY: ENGAGE:

OIS
1. a •good problem solving skills 1. are generally concerned
•ability to effectively manage with process control,
time and resources transaction processing and
2. b •a clear vision of “the big communications.
picture” as well as the “small 2. To track fundamental
3. c details” activities with the use of ICT,
•a desire to work closely with as well as basic transactions
other people that happen over the course of
4. b •excellent communication operations
skills
5. d •ability to think strategically MIS
about technology 1.Management Information
•a desire to take responsibility Systems (MIS) are concerned
for developing and with providing support to
implementing their own ideas managerial decision making.
1. TRUE 2. Is a computer system
consisting of hardware and
software that serve as a
2. TRUE backbone of organizations
operations.
3. FALSE 3. the study of people,
technology, organizations, and
the relationship among them
4. FALSE
Similarities:
5. TRUE 1. essential in running a
business
2. it deals with technology and
information
(answer may varies)

Q1_STE_Computer_Programming_ Module 4 Page 16 of 20

 References

Berger, M., and Sobolewski, M., SILENUS (2005) A Federated Service oriented
Approach to Distributed File Systems, In Next Generation Concurrent
Engineering, ISPE/Omnipress, pp. 89-96

Birrell, A. D. & Nelson, B. J., (October 1983). Implementing Remote Procedure

Calls, XEROX CSL-83-7,

College of Business (2021). Business Information Systems.

https://www.business.msstate.edu/academics/department-management-
information-systems/business-information-systems

Your Article Library (2021). Business Information System.

https://www.yourarticlelibrary.com/management/information-system/
business-information-system-meaning-features-and-components/70319

Britanicca (2021). Information system.

https://www.britannica.com/topic/information-system

Zuckerberg, Randi. 2022. "Was There Life Before Technology?". Dot Complicated.

https://dotcomplicated.co/content/2014/10/21/life-technology/.

Q1_STE_Computer_Programming_ Module 4 Page 17 of 20

 For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – Regional Office VIII – Curriculum and Learning

Management Division (CLMD) - Learning Resources Management Section (LRMS)

Government Center, Candahug, Palo, Leyte, 6501

Telefax: (053) 323-3156; 323-3854; 824-4627

Email Address: *region8@deped.gov.ph

*clmd.region8@deped.gov.ph *lrmds.region8@deped.gov.ph

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