VRKGF FMG JYY[K HKPKRM_MVMG LMVKRGJVMY VKRHMJV

LMYMAMD HKYKDMVMG _MGJVM

Cakd >

ZCYKEJGM B[GOM (04190100050)

PRCORML YV[FJ JAL[ HKPKRM_MVMG

YKHCAMD VJGOOJ JAL[ HKYKDMVMG JGFCGKYJM LMN[ (YVJHJL)
2020
 HMVM PKGOMGVMR

Pujj syuhur hmlj uimphmg mtms hkdmfjrmt Vudmg Zmgo Lmdm Ksm ymgo tkamd
lklbkrjhmg rmdlmt fmg hmrugjmGym skdjgoom hmlj bjsm lkgykaksmjhmg lmhmamd jgj.

Lmhmamd jgj bkrjufua -Vrkgf fmg Jssuk Hkpkrmwmtmg Lmtkrgjtms Vkrhmjt Lmsmamd Hkskdmtmg

_mgjtm“ ymgo fjbumt skbmomj tuoms lmtm huajmd Hkpkrmwmtmg Lmtkrgjtms JJ prcfj Y1
Hkpkrmwmtmg Ykhcamd Vjgooj Jalu Hkskdmtmg Jgfcgksjm Lmju.
Lmhmamd jgj mfmamd dmsja hmrym hmlj. Cakd skbmb jtu, hmlj bkrtmgoougo jmwmb mtms
jgj lmhmamd jgj. Yklcom lmhmamd jgj bkrlmgemmt.

Nmhmrtm, 14 Ekbrumrj 2020

Pkgyusug

j
 FMEVMR JYJ

Hmtm Pkgomgtmr................................................................................................................................ j

Fmetmr Jsj.......................................................................................................................................... jj

BMB J PKGFMD[A[MG

1.1 Amtmr Bkamhmgo.................................................................................................................... 1

1.2 Rulusmg Lmsmamd............................................................................................................. 1
1.3 Vujumg................................................................................................................................... 1

BMB JJ PKLBMDMYMG

2.1 Vrkgf fmg Jssuk................................................................................................................... 2

2.2 Hkhurmgomg Kgkroj Hrcgjh................................................................................................11
2.3 Mbcrtus............................................................................................................................. 1;

BMB JJJ PKG[V[P

3.1 Hksjlpuamg........................................................................................................................ 14

3.2 Ymrmg.................................................................................................................................. 14

FMEVMR P[YVMHM

j
 BAB I

PENDAHULUAN

1.1 LATAR BELAKANG

Pmfm zmlmg smmt jgj bmgymh skhmaj lmsmamd ymgo tkrjmfj pmfm
hkskdmtmg

wmgjtm, lmsmamd-lmsmamd tkrskbut lugiua luamj fmrj pmsmgomg usjm subur, jbu
dmlja, mtmupug jbu pmsim lkamdjrhmg. Lmsmamd tkrskbut tjlbua hmrkgm
hurmgogym
pkgoktmdumg fmrj skskcrmgo tkrskbut tkgtmgo lmsmamd ymgo fj dmfmpjgym.
Vkrjmfjgym lmsmamd tkrskbut dmrus fjhktmduj fmg fjpkamjmrj momr tjfmh lkgmlbmd
mgohm hkgmjhmg tkrjmfjgym lmsmamd-lmsmamd tkrskbut. Ykbmomj tkgmom lkfjs hjtm wmjjb
tmdu mpm smjm lmsmamd ymgo skfmgo trkgf pmfm smmt jgj.
[gtuh jtu lmhmamd jgj fjbumt momr lkgjmfj tmlbmdmg pkgoktmdumg hkpmfm hmlj fmg
pmrm pklbmim lmhmam hmlj.
1.2 Rumusan Masalah

1. Mpm jtu Vrkgf fmg Jssuk 3

2. Bmomjlmgmhmd Vrkgf fmg Jssuk Hkpkrmwmtmg lmtkrgjtms tkrhmjt fkgomg
hkskdmtmg wmgjtm 3
1.3 TUJUAN
Pklbumtmg lmhmamd jgj bkrtujumg momr hmlj fmg pklbmim lkgoktmduj fmg lklmdmlj
tkgtmgo >
1. Vrkgf fmg Jssuk
2. Vrkgf Jssu Hkpkrmwmtmg Lmtkrgjtms hkskdmtmg wmgjtm smmt jgj

1
 BAB II

PEMBAHASAN

2.1 Trend dan Issue

Vrkgf mfmamd dma ymgo smgomt lkgfmsmr fmaml bkrbmomj pkgfkhmtmg mgmajsm,

trkg juom fmpmt fj fkejgjsjhmg smamd smtu omlbmrmg mtmupug jgecrlmsj ymgo tkrjmfj
pmfm smmt jgj ymgo bjmsmgym skfmgo pcpuamr fj hmamgomg lmsymrmhmt. Jssu mfmamd
sumtu
pkrjstjwm mtmu hkjmfjmg ymgo fmpmt fjpkrhjrmhmg tkrjmfj mtmu tjfmh tkrjmfj pmfm
lmsm lkgfmtmgo, ymgo lkgymgohut khcgclj, lcgktkr, scsjma, pcajtjh, duhul,
pklbmgougmg gmsjcgma, bkgimgm maml, dmrj hjmlmt, hklmtjmg, mtmupug tkgtmgo hrjsjs.
Vrkgf fmg Jssu Hkpkrmwmtmg mfmamd sksumtu ymgo skfmgo fjbjimrmhmg
bmgymh crmgo tkgtmgo prmhtkh/lkgokgmj hkpkrmwmtmg bmjh jtu bkrfmsmrhmg emhtm
mtmupug tjfmh, trkgf fmg jssu hkpkrmwmtmg tkgtugym lkgymgohut tkgtmgo mspkh akoma
fmg ktjs hkpkrmwmtmg.

Vrkgf Jssuk Hkpkrkmwmtmg Lmtkrgjtms tkrhmjt Lmsmamd Hkskdmtmg _mgjtm

Lkgurut Lkghks RJ fj pjfmtcgym pmfm mimrm [pmimrm Pkrjgomtmg Dmrj Hmrtjgj pmfm 20
Mprja 2014, bkrfmsmrhmg fmtm Rjshksfms 2013, fj Jgfcgksjm lmsjd tkrfmpmt lmsmamd tjgoojgym mgohm mg
26,2%. Ykfmgohmg lkgurut hkaclpch hmlj Mbcrtus juom lmsjd lkgjmfj trkgf fmg

jssuk smmt jgj.

2.1.1 Anemia

Mgkljm mfmamd sumtu hcgfjsj hktjhm tubud hkhurmgomg ska fmrmd ymgo
lkgomgfugo dklcoacbjg ugtuh lkgykbmrhmg chsjokg hk skaurud cromg tubud.
Fkgomg hcgfjsj tkrskbut, pkgfkrjtm bjmsmgym mhmg lkrmsm aktjd fmg akamd,
skdjgoom tjfmh fmpmt lkamhuhmg mhtjvjtms skimrm cptjlma.

Mgkljm fmpmt tkrjmfj fmaml jmgohm wmhtu pkgfkh lmupug pmgjmgo,

fkgomg tjgohmt hkpmrmdmg rjgomg smlpmj bkrmt. Pkgocbmtmg hcgfjsj jgj bkrvmrjmsj
tkromgtugo pmfm pkgykbmbgym. Mgkljm fmpmt fjcbmtj fkgomg lkgocgsulsj
supaklkg skimrm rutjg mtmu prcskfur pkgocbmtmg hdusus.

2
m. Pkgykbmb Mgkljm

Mgkljm tkrjmfj pmfm smmt tubud hkhurmgomg ska fmrmd lkrmd skdmt ymgo
lkgomgfugo dklcoacbjg. Vkrfmpmt skhjtmr 600 hcgfjsj ymgo fmpmt
lkgykbmbhmg mgkljm pmfm skskcrmgo fmg fjbmoj lkgjmfj 3 hkaclpch, ymjtu>

m) Vubud tjfmh iuhup lklprcfuhsj ska fmrmd lkrmd.

b) Vkrjmfj pkrfmrmdmg ymgo lkgykbmbhmg tubud hkdjamgomg fmrmd akbjd ikpmt

fjbmgfjgo hklmlpumg tubud ugtuh lklprcfuhsj fmrmd.

i) Hkamjgmg pmfm rkmhsj tubud fkgomg lkgodmgiurhmg ska fmrmd lkrmd ymgo
skdmt.

b. emhcr rjsjhc tkrjmfjgym mgkljm

m) Hkhurmgomg vjtmljg fmg zmt bksj. Lklbjmsmhmg fjrj lkgocgsulsj
lmhmgmg ymgo rkgfmd vjtmljg B12, msml ecamt, fmg zmt bksj fmpmt

lkgjgohmthmg rjsjhc tkrhkgm mgkljm.

b) Omgooumg pkgikrgmmg pmfm usus. Bkbkrmpm pkgymhjt skpkrtj pkgymhjt
Ircdg fmg pkgymhjt ikajmi fmpmt lkgykbmbhmg omgooumg pkgykrmpmg
gutrjsj fj usus skdjgoom lkgjgohmthmg rjsjhc tkrhkgm mgkljm.
i) Lkgstrumsj. [lulgym wmgjtm ymgo lmsjd lkgomamlj lkgstrumsj
lkljajhj rjsjhc tkrhkgm mgkljm akbjd bksmr fjbmgfjgohmg fkgomg wmgjtm
ymgo sufmd lkgcpmusk mtmu prjm. Dma tkrskbut fjskbmbhmg cakd
hkdjamgomg fmrmd pmfm smmt tkrjmfjgym lkgstrumsj.
f) Lkgomgfugo. Jbu dmlja ymgo tjfmh lkgocgsulsj supaklkg msml ecamt

fmaml julamd iuhup lkljajhj rjsjhc tkrhkgm mgkljm ymgo akbjd tjgooj.
k) Pkgymhjt hrcgjs. Njhm skskcrmgo lkgfkrjtm hmghkr, omoma ojgjma, mtmu
pkgymhjt hrcgjs amjggym, lmhm rjsjhc tkrhkgm mgkljm mhmg lkgjgohmt
mhjbmt hkhurmgomg ska fmrmd lkrmd. Auhm pmfm cromg fmaml ymgo
fjjrjgoj pkrfmrmdmg juom fmpmt lkgykbmbhmg tubud hkhurmgomg zmt bksj
skdjgoom lkgjgohmthmg rjsjhc tkrjmfjgym mgkljm mhjbmt hkhurmgomg zmt
bksj.
e) Rjwmymt mgkljm fj hkaumrom. Ykskcrmgo ymgo lkljajhj mgooctm
hkaumrom fkgomg rjwmymt mgkljm bmwmmg, lkljajhj rjsjhc tjgooj ugtuh
tkrhkgm hcgfjsj ymgo smlm. [lulgym mgkljm ymgo fjwmrjshmg mfmamd
mgkljm ska

3
smbjt (sjihak ikaa mgkljm).

4
 o) Emhtcr amjg, skpkrtj jgekhsj, hkamjgmg fmrmd, pkgymhjt mutcjlug,
hkimgfumg mahcdca, tkrhkgm zmt hjljm bkrmiug, fmg kekh smlpjgo fmrj
cbmt fmpmt lkgjgohmthmg rjsjhc mgkljm pmfm skskcrmgo.
i. Okjmam Mgkljm
Mgkljm fmpmt fjhkgmaj fmrj okjmam-okjmam bkrjhut jgj>

m) Bmfmg tkrmsm aklms fmg ikpmt akamd.

b) Huajt tkrajdmt puimt mtmu hkhugjgomg.
i) Fktmh jmgtugo tjfmh bkrmturmg.
f) Gmpms pkgfkh.
k) Pusjgo fmg bkrhugmgo-hugmgo.
e) Gykrj fmfm.
o) Vmgomg fmg hmhj tkrmsm fjgojg.
d) Ymhjt hkpmam.
j) Yuajt Bkrhcgskgtrmsj.

j) Jgsclgjm.
h) Hmhj hrml
f. Nkgjs Mgkljm bkrfmsmrhmg pkgykbmbgym
m) Mgkljm mhjbmt hkhurmgomg zmt bksj. Mgkljm jkgjs jgj lkrupmhmg ymgo
pmajgo ulul tkrjmfj fj skaurud fugjm. Hkhurmgomg zmt bksj fmpmt
lkgykbmbhmg tubud lkgomamlj mgkljm fjhmrkgmhmg sulsul tuamgo
lklbutudhmg zmt bksj ugtuh lklbumt ska fmrmd. Mgkljm fmpmt tkrjmfj
pmfm wmgjtm dmlja ymgo tjfmh lkgocgsulsj supaklkg pkgmlbmd zmt
bksj. Mgkljm juom fmpmt tkrjmfj pmfm pkrfmrmdmg lkgstrumsj ymgo bmgymh,
tuhmh

cromg (auhm), hmghkr, fmg pkgoougmmg cbmt pkrkfm gykrj skpkrtj mspjrjg.
Okjmam-okjmam ymgo ululgym fjmamlj pkgfkrjtm mgkljm hkhurmgomg zmt
bksj mfmamd>

• Lkljajhj gmesu lmhmg tkrdmfmp bkgfm-bkgfm mgkd skpkrtj

hkrtms, imt mtmu ks (hcgfjsj jgj fjgmlmhmg pjim).

• Luaut tkrmsm hkrjgo fmg pkimd-pkimd fj bmojmg sufutgym.

• Huhu ymgo lkakgohugo hk mtms (hcjacgyidjm).

b) Mgkljm mhjbmt hkhurmgomg vjtmljg. Ykamjg lklbutudhmg zmt bksj,
tubud juom lklbutudhmg vjtmljg B12 fmg msml ecamt ugtuh lklbumt ska
fmrmd

6
lkrmd. Hkhurmgomg fum ugsur gutrjsj tkrskbut fmpmt lkgykbmbhmg tubud

6
 tjfmh fmpmt lklprcfuhsj ska fmrmd lkrmd skdmt fmaml julamd iuhup
skdjgoom tkrjmfj mgkljm. Pmfm bkbkrmpm hmsus, tkrfmpmt pkgfkrjtm mgkljm
mhjbmt amlbugo tjfmh fmpmt lkgykrmp vjtmljg B12 fmrj lmhmgmg ymgo
fjikrgm. Hcgfjsj tkrskbut fjgmlmhmg mgkljm pkrgjsjcsm. Okjmam-okjmam
ymgo ululgym fjmamlj cakd pkgfkrjtm mgkljm hkhurmgomg vjtmljg B-12

fmg msml ecamt mfmamd>

• Okaj fmg rmsm lkgookakgymr fj bmojmg tmgomg fmg hmhj.

• Hkdjamgomg hkpkhmmg pmfm jgfkrm pkrmbm.

• Yuajt bkrjmamg.

• Lkgomamlj hkhmhumg pmfm hmhj fmg tmgomg.

• Lkgomamlj fklkgsjm.
i) Mgkljm mhjbmt pkgymhjt hrcgjs. Ykjulamd pkgymhjt fmpmt lkgykbmbhmg
mgkljm hmrkgm tkrjmfjgym omgooumg pmfm prcsks pklbkgtuhmg fmg
pkgodmgiurmg ska fmrmd lkrmd. Icgtcd-icgtcd pkgymhjt tkrskbut

mfmamd DJU/MJFY, hmghkr, rdkulmtcjf mrtdrjtjs, pkgymhjt ojgjma,

pkgymhjt Ircdg, fmg pkgymhjt pkrmfmgomg hrcgjs. Okjmam-okjmam ymgo
fmpmt lugiua pmfm hmsus mgkljm mhjbmt pkgymhjt hrcgjs fj mgtmrmgym
mfmamd>

• _mrgm lmtm fmg huajt lkgjmfj hkhugjgomg.

• _mrgm urjgk ymgo bkrubmd lkgjmfj lkrmd mtmu ichkamt.

• Bcrch pmfm hmhj.

• Okjmam bmtu klpkfu.

• Hktkramlbmtmg pkrhklbmgomg pmfm mgmh-mgmh.

f) Mgkljm mpamstjh. Mgkljm mpamstjh lkrupmhmg hcgfjsj ymgo amgohm

tkrjmfj gmlug bkrbmdmym bmoj djfup pkgfkrjtm. Pmfm mgkljm mpamstjh,
tubud tjfmh
lmlpu lklprcfuhsj ska fmrmd lkrmd fkgomg cptjlma. Mgkljm mpamstjh
fmpmt fjskbmbhmg cakd jgekhsj, kekh smlpjgo cbmt, pkgymhjt mutcjlug,
mtmu pmpmrmg zmt hjljm bkrmiug.
k) Mgkljm mhjbmt pkgymhjt sulsul tuamgo. Bkbkrmpm pkgymhjt
skpkrtj akuhkljm mtmu ljkacejbrjcsjs fmpmt lkgoomgoou prcfuhsj ska
fmrmd lkrmd fj sulsul tuamgo fmg lkgjlbuahmg mgkljm. Okjmam ymgo
fjtjlbuahmg fmpmt bkrvmrjmsj, fmrj rjgomg djgoom bkrbmdmym.

;
 e) Mgkljm dklcajtjh. Mgkljm dklcajtjh tkrjmfj pmfm smmt ska fmrmd lkrmd
fjdmgiurhmg cakd tubud akbjd ikpmt fjbmgfjgo wmhtu prcfuhsjgym.
Bkbkrmpm pkgymhjt fmpmt lkgoomgoou prcsks fmg hkikpmtmg
pkgodmgiurmg ska fmrmd lkrmd. Mgkljm dklcajtjh fmpmt fjturughmg skimrm
okgktjh mtmu bjsm juom fjfmpmt sktkamd amdjr.

o) Mgkljm ska smbjt (sjihak ikaa mgkljm). Mgkljm jgj bkrsjemt okgktjs fmg
fjskbmbhmg cakd bkgtuh dklcoacbjg ymgo tjfmh gcrlma skdjgoom
lkgykbmbhmg ska fmrmd lkrmd bkrbkgtuh skpkrtj buamg smbjt, buhmg
buamt bjhcghme skpkrtj ska fmrmd lkrmd Yka fmrmd lkrmd bkrbkgtuh
smbjt lkljajhj wmhtu djfup akbjd pkgfkh fjbmgfjgo ska fmrmd lkrmd gcrlma.
Okjmam ymgo fjmamlj cakd pkgfkrjtm mgkljm ska smbjt mfmamd>

• Hkakamdmg.

• Lufmd tkrhkgm jgekhsj.

• Gykrj tmjml pmfm bmojmg skgfj, pkrut, fmg mgooctm okrmh.

• Hktkramlbmtmg pkrtulbudmg fmg pkrhklbmgomg pmfm mgmh-

mgmh.
d) Mgkljm jkgjs amjg, ymgo fjskbmbhmg cakd tdmamsskljm mtmu
pkgymhjt lmamrjm.

k. Pkgocbmtmg Mgkljm
m) Mgkljm mhjbmt hkhurmgomg zmt bksj. Mgkljm jkgjs jgj fmpmt fjmtmsj
fkgomg lkgocgsulsj supaklkg pkgmlbmd zmt bksj, skrtm lklpkrbmgymh
hcgsulsj lmhmgmg ymgo hmym zmt bksj. Ykamjg jtu, pmsjkg juom
fmpmt

fjbkrjhmg vjtmljg I ugtuh lkgjgohmthmg pkgykrmpmg zmt bksj. Pkrau

fjpkrdmtjhmg bmdwm supaklkg ymgo lkgomgfugo hmasjul fmpmt
lkgodmlbmt pkgykrmpmg zmt bksj.Hcgsuatmsjhmg fkgomg fchtkr skbkaul
lkgocgsulsj supaklkg pkgmlbmd zmt bksj ugtuh lkgfmpmthmg fcsjs ymgo
tkpmt. Hkakbjdmg zmt bksj pmfm tubud fmpmt bkrbmdmym bmoj pmsjkg hmrkgm
fmpmt lkgjlbuahmg hkakamdmg, luma, fjmrk, smhjt hkpmam, pkgymhjt
jmgtugo fmg gykrj skgfj. [gtuh lkrjgomghmg kekh smlpjgo fmrj hcgsulsj
supaklkg zmt bksj, pmsjkg fmpmt lkgocgsulsj supaklkg sktkamd lmhmg.
Njhm kekh smlpjgo bkramgjut skokrm tkluj fchtkr hklbmaj.

b) Mgkljm mhjbmt hkhurmgomg vjtmljg. Mgkljm jkgjs jgj fmpmt fjcbmtj

5
fkgomg lkgocgsulsj lmhmgmg ymgo hmym mhmg msml ecamt fmg vjtmljg
B12, skrtm

5
 lkgocgsulsj supaklkg ymgo lkgomgfugo hkfumgym. Njhm tubud pmsjkg
lkljajhj omgooumg pkgykrmpmg msml ecamt fmg vjtmljg B12,
pkgocbmtmg fmpmt lkajbmthmg jgjkhsj vjtmljg B12 sktjmp dmrj. Yktkamd
jtu pmsjkg mhmg fjbkrjhmg jgjkhsj vjtmljg B12 sktjmp buamg smtu hmaj
ymgo fmpmt bkramgosugo skpmgjmgo djfup mtmu tkromgtugo hkpmfm hcgfjsj
pmsjkg.

i) Mgkljm mhjbmt pkgymhjt hrcgjs. Vjfmh mfm pkgocbmtmg ymgo spksjejh

pmfm jkgjs jgj hmrkgm tkromgtugo pmfm pkgymhjt ymgo lkgfmsmrj
tkrjmfjgym
mgkljm. Njhm mgkljm bkrtmlbmd pmrmd, fchtkr fmpmt lklbkrjhmg trmgseusj
fmrmd mtmu jgjkhsj krjtrcpcjktjg, ymjtu sumtu dcrlcg pkgjgohmt prcfuhsj
fmrmd fmg pkgodjamgo rmsm akamd.
f) Mgkljm mhjbmt pkrfmrmdmg. Njhm skskcrmgo lkgomamlj pkrfmrmdmg fmg
hkdjamgomg fmrmd fmaml julamd bmgymh, pkgocbmtmg utmlm ymgo dmrus
fjamhuhmg mfmamd lkgimrj fmg lkgocbmtj sulbkr pkrfmrmdmg. Yktkamd
sulbkr pkrfmrmdmg fjmtmsj, pmsjkg fmpmt fjbkrjhmg trmgseusj fmrmd, chsjokg,

fmg supaklkg pkgmlbmd fmrmd ymgo lkgomgfugo zmt bksj fmg vjtmljg.
k) Mgkljm Mpamstjh. Pkgocbmtmg mgkljm mpamstjh fmpmt fjmwmaj fkgomg
trmgseusj fmrmd ugtuh lkgjgohmthmg julamd ska fmrmd lkrmd. Njhm
fjpkrauhmg, fmpmt fjamhuhmg pkgimgohchmg sulsul tuamgo mpmbjam
sulsul tuamgo tjfmh bjsm amoj lklprcfuhsj ska fmrmd lkrmd ymgo skdmt.
e) Mgkljm mhjbmt pkgymhjt sulsul tuamgo. Pkgocbmtmg mgkljm jkgjs jgj
fmpmt bkrvmrjmsj sksumj fkgomg pkgymhjt ymgo fjfkrjtm pmsjkg.
Pkgocbmtmg fmpmt lkajbmthmg hklctkrmpj fmg pkgimgohchmg sulsul
tuamgo.
o) Mgkljm Dklcajtjh. Pkgmgomgmg mgkljm dklcajtjh fmpmt fjamhuhmg fkgomg

bkbkrmpm imrm tkromgtugo emhtcr pkgykbmbgym. Pkgmgomgmg bjsm

fkgomg lkgodjgfmrj cbmt-cbmtmg ymgo lkljajhj kekh smlpjgo dklcajsjs,
fkgomg
lkgimrj fmg lkgocbmtj jgekhsj yo lkgjmfj pkgykbmb dklcajtjh, mtmu
fkgomg jlugcsuprksmg ugtuh lkgkhmg sjstkl jlug ymgo fjfuom lkrusmh
ska fmrmd.
d) Mgkljm ska smbjt (sjihak ikaa mgkljm). Pkgocbmtmg utmlm mgkljm ska smbjt
mfmamd fkgomg lkgoomgtj ska fmrmd lkrmd ymgo dmgiur lkamauj
trmgseusj fmrmd, supaklkg msml ecamt, fmg mgtjbjctjh. Pkgocbmtmg
7
amjggym mfmamd fkgomg lkgocgsulsj cbmt pkgodjamgo rmsm smhjt
skrtm lkgmlbmdhmg

imjrmg lkamauj crma lmupug jgtrmvkgm ugtuh lkgourmgoj gykrj fmg

lkgodjgfmrj hclpajhmsj. Pkgimgohchmg sulsul tuamgo fmpmt
fjougmhmg

7
 ugtuh lkgocbmtj mgkljm ska smbjt pmfm hcgfjsj tkrtkgtu. Cbmt ugtuh hmghkr
djfrchsjurkm fmpmt juom fjougmhmg ugtuh lkgocbmtj mgkljm ska smbjt.
j) Vdmamsskljm. Vdmamsskljm fmpmt fjcbmtj lkamauj trmgseusj fmrmd,
hcgsulsj supaklkg msml ecamt, spakgkhtclj ugtuh lkgomlbja ajlpm, skrtm
pkgimgohchmg ska pugim fmrmd fmg sulsul tuamgo.

2.1.2 Anemia Pada ibu hamil

Mgkljm fmaml hkdmljamg mfmamd hcgfjsj jbu fkgomg hmfmr dklcoacbjg
fjbmwmd 11or % pmfm trjlkstkr 1 fmg 3 mtmu hmfmr 1 10,; or % pmfm trjlkstkr 2,
gjamj bmtms tkrskbut fmg pkrbkfmmggym fkgomg hcgfjsj wmgjtm tjfmh dmlja,
tkrjmfj hmrkgm dklcfjausj, tkrutmlm pmfm trjlkstkr 2 (Iuggjgodml. E, 200;).
Mgkljm ymgo pmajgo skrjgo fjjulpmj fmaml hkdmljamg mfmamd mgkljm mhjbmt
hkhurmgomg zmt bksj hmrkgm hurmgogym msupmg ugsur bksj fmaml lmhmgmg.
Omgooumg pkgykrmpmg, pkgjgohmtmg hkbutudmg zmt bksj mtmu hmrkgm tkramlpmu
bmgymhgym zmt bksj ymgo hkaumr fmrj tubud, ljsmagym pmfm pkrfmrmdmg.
m. Emhtcr ymgo lklpkgomrudj hkjmfjmg mgkljm pmfm jbu dmlja
m) [lur Jbu
Lkgurut Mljruffjg (2007), bmdwm jbu dmlja ymgo bkrulur hurmgo fmrj
20 tmdug fmg akbjd fmrj 3; tmdug ymjtu 76,1% lkgfkrjtm mgkljm fmg jbu

dmlja ymgo bkrulur 20 ’ 3; tmdug ymjtu ;0,;% lkgfkrjtm mgkljm.

_mgjtm ymgo bkrulur hurmgo fmrj 20 tmdug mtmu akbjdfmrj 3; tmdug,
lklpugymj rjsjhc
ymgo tjgooj ugtuh dmlja, hmrkgm mhmg lklbmdmymhmg hkskdmtmg fmg
hkskamlmtmg jbu dmlja lmupug jmgjggym, bkrksjhc lkgomamlj
pkgfmrmdmg fmg fmpmt lkgykbmbhmg jbu lkgomamlj mgkljm.
b) Pmrjtms
Lkgurt Dkrajgm (2005), Jbu dmlja fkgomg pmrjtms tjgooj lklpugymj rksjhc
1.6;6 hmaj akbjd bksmr ugtuh lkgomamlj mgkljm fj bmgfjgo fkgomg
pmrjtms rkgfmd. Mfmgym hkikgfkrugomg bmdwm sklmhjg bmgymh julamd
hkamdjrmg (pmrjtms), lmhm mhmg sklmhjg tjgooj mgohm hkjmfjmg mgkljm.

i) Hurmgo Kgkroj Hrcgjs (HKH)

61% (2.0 jutm) jbu dmlja lkgfkrjtm hkhurmgomg ojzj. Vjlbuagym lmsmamd
ojzj pmfm jbu dmlja, skpkrtj hkjmfjmg HKH, tjfmh tkrakpms fmrj hkmfmmg
scsjma, khcgclj, fmg bjc scsjma fmrj jbu dmlja fmg hkaumromgym skpkrtj
4
 tjgohmt pkgfjfjhmg, tjgohmt pkgfmpmtmg, hcgsuls pmgomg, ulur, pmrjtms,
fmg skbmomjgym.
Pkgouhurmg ajgohmr akgomg mtms (AJAM) mfmamd sumtu imrm ugtuh
lkgoktmduj rksjhc Hurmgo Kgkroj Hrcgjs (HKH) _mgjtm [sjmYubur
(_[Y). Pkgouhurmg AJAM tjfmh fmpmt fjougmhmg ugtuh lklmgtmu

pkrubmdmg tmtus ojzj fmaml jmgohm pkgfkh. Pkgouhurmg ajgohmr akgomg mtms
(AJAM) fmpmt fjougmhmg ugtuh tujumg pkgmpjsmg stmtus ojzj Hurmgo
Kgkroj
Hrcgjs (HKH). Jbu dmlja HKH mfmamd jbu dmlja ymgo lklpugymj uhurmg
AJAM123.; il. Fktkhsj HKH fkgomguhurmg AJAM ymgo rkgfmd
lkgikrljghmg hkhurmgomg kgkroj fmg prctkjg fmaml jgtmhk lmhmgmg
skdmrj dmrj ymgo bjmsmgym fjjrjgoj juom fkgomg hkhurmgomg zmt ojzj
amjg, fjmgtmrmgym bksj. Fmpmt fjmsulsjhmg bmdwm jbu dmlja ymgo
lkgfkrjtm HKH bkrpkaumgo ugtuh lkgfkrjtm mgkljm (Fmrajgm, 2003).
f) Jgekhsj fmg Pkgymhjt

Zmt bksj lkrupmhmg ugsur pkgtjgo fmaml lklpkrtmdmghmg fmym tmdmg

tubud momr tjfmh lufmd tkrskrmgo pkgymhjt. Lkgurut pkgkajtjmg, crmgo
fkgomg hmfmr Db 110 o/fa lkljajhj hmfmr ska fmrmd putjd (ugtuh
lkamwmg bmhtkrj) ymgo rkgfmd puam. Ykskcrmgo fmpmt tkrhkgm mgkljm
hmrkgm lkgjgohmtgym hkbutudmg tubud mhjbmt hcgfjfj ejsjcacojs
(dmlja, hkdjamgomg fmrmd hmrkgm hkikamhmmg, pmsimbkfmd mtmu lkgstrumsj),
mfmgym pkgymhjt hrcgjs mtmu jgekhsj (jgekhsj imijgo tmlbmgo, lmamrjm,
VBI) (Mgcgjl, 2006). Jbu ymgo skfmgo dmlja smgomt pkhm tkrdmfmp
jgekhsj fmg pkgymhjt lkguamr. Bkbkrmpm fj mgtmrmgym lkshjpug
tjfmh lkgomgiml

gymwm jbu, tktmpj fmpmt lkgjlbuahmg fmlpmh bkrbmdmym bmoj jmgjg.

Fjmgtmrmgym, fmpmt lkgomhjbmthmg mbcrtus, pkrtulbudmg jmgjg tkrdmlbmt,
bmyj lmtj fmaml hmgfugomg, skrtm imimt bmwmmg. Pkgymhjt jgekhsj ymgo fj
fkrjtm jbu dmlja bjmsmgym tjfmh fjhktmduj smmt hkdmljamg. Dma jtu bmru
fjhktmduj sktkamd bmyj amdjr fkgomg hkimimtmg. Pmfm hcgfjsj tkrjgekhsj
pkgymhjt, jbu dmlja mhmg hkhurmgomg bmgymh imjrmg tubud skrtm zmt ojzj
amjggym (Bmdmr, 2005).
Pkgymhjt ymgo fjfkrjtm jbu dmlja smgomt lkgkgtuhmg humajtms jmgjg fmg
bmyj ymgo mhmg fjamdjrhmg. Pkgymhjt jbu ymgo bkrupm pkgymhjt lkguamr

fmpmt lklpkgomrudj hkskdmtmg jmgjg mpmbjam pamskgtm rusmh cakd

9
bmhtkrj mtmu vjrus pkgykbmb pkgymhjt. Ykhmajpug jmgjg tjfmh amgosugo
lkgfkrjtm

1
 pkgymhjt, gmlug Fklml ymgo lkgykrtmj pkgymhjt jgekhsj sufmd
iuhup ugtuh lkgykbmbhmg hkouourmg. Pkgymhjt lkguamr ymgo
fjskbmbhmg vjrus fmpmt lkgjlbuahmg imimt pmfm jmgjg skfmgohmg
pkgymhjt tjfmh lkguamr fmpmt lkgjlbuahmg hclpajhmsj hkdmljamg fmg
lkgjgohmthmg hklmtjmg jmgjg 30% (Bmdmr, 2005).

k) Nmrmh hkdmljamg
Lkgurut Mlljrufjg (2007) prcpcrsj hklmtjmg tkrbmgymh tkrjmfj pmfm

jbu fkgomg prjcrjtms 1 ’ 3 mgmh fmg jjhm fjajdmt lkgurut jmrmh

hkdmljamg tkrgymtm jmrmh hurmgo fmrj 2 tmdug lkgugjuhmg prcpcrsj
hklmtjmg lmtkrgma akbjd bmgymh. Nmrmh hkdmljamg ymgo tkramau fkhmt
lkgykbmbhmg jbu lklpugymj wmhtu sjgohmt ugtuh lkluajdhmg hcgfjsj
rmdjlgym momr bjsm
hklbmaj hk hcgfjsj skbkaulgym. Pmfm jbu dmlja fkgomg jmrmh ymgo
tkramau fkhmt bkrksjhc tkrjmfj mgkljm fmaml hkdmljamg. Hmrkgm imfmgomg
zmt bksj jbu dmlja puajd. Mhdjrgym bkrhurmgo ugtuh hkpkraumg
jmgjg ymgo

fjhmgfugogym.
e) Pkgfjfjhmg
Pmfm bkbkrmpm pkgomlmtmg lkgugjuhhmg bmdwm hkbmgymhmg mgkljm ymgo
fj fkrjtm lmsymrmhmt mfmamd hmrkgm hkhurmgomg ojzj bmgymh fj julpmj fj
fmkrmd pkfksmmg fkgomg lmagutrjsj mtmu hkhurmgomg ojzj. Hkdmljamg fmg
pkrsmajgmg fkgomg jmrmh ymgo bkrfkhmtmg, fmg jbu dmlja fkgomg
pkgfjfjhmg fmg tjgohmt scijma khcgclj rkgfmd (Lmgumbm, 2010). Lkgurut
pkgkajtjmg Mljrrufjg fhh (2007), emhtcr ymgo lklpkgomrudj stmtus mgkljm
mfmamd tjgohmt pkgfjfjhmg rkgfmd.

b. Pkgomrud mgkljm tkrdmfmp hkdmljamg >

m) Mbcrtus
b) Pkrsmajgmg prklmturjtms
i) Dmlbmtmg tulbud hklbmgo jmgjg
f) Lufmd jgekhsj
k) Mgimlmg fkhclpkgsmsj hcrfjs (Db 1 5 or %)
e) Dkpkrklksjs ormvjfmrul
o) Pkrfmrmdmg mgtkpmrtul
d) Hktubmg pkimd fjgj

1
i. Mhjbmt mgkljm tkrdmfmp hkdmljamg>
m) Mbcrtus

1
 b) Hklmtjmg jgtrm utkrjgk
i) Pkrsmajgmg prklmturjtms tjgooj
f) Bkrmt bmfmg amdjr rkgfmd
k) Hkamdjrmg fkgomg mgkljm
e) Imimt bmwmmg

o) Bmyj lufmd jgekhsj smlpmj hklmtjmg pkrjgmtma

d) Jgtkakojkgsjm rkgfmd (Lmgumbm, 2010)
f. Pkgikomdmg mgkljm pmfm jbu dmlja mgtmrm amjg >
m) Lkgohcgsulsj pmgomg akbjd bmgymh fmg bkrmoml, icgtcd smyurmg

wmrgm djjmu, hmimgo ’ hmimgomg, prctkjg dkwmgj, tkrutmlm dmtj.

b) Lkgohcgsulsj lmhmgmg ymgo hmym mhmg vjtmljg I skpkrtj jkruh,
tclmt, lmgoom fmg amjg’amjg ymgo fmpmt lkgjgohmthmg pkgykrmpmg zmt
bksj.
2.2 Kehuranoan Eneroi Krcnih (KEK)

Lkgurut Fkphks RJ (2002) lkgymtmhmg bmdwm hurmgo kgkroj hrcgjs

lkrupmhmg hkmfmmg fjlmgm jbu pkgfkrjtm hkhurmgomg lmhmgmg ymgo bkramgosugo
pmfm wmgjtm usjm subur (_[Y) fmg pmfm jbu dmlja. Hurmgo ojzj mhut fjskbmbhmg
cakd tjfmh lkgohcgsulsj lmhmgmg fmaml julamd ymgo iuhup mtmu lmhmgmg ymgo
bmjh (fmrj skoj hmgfugomg ojzj) ugtuh smtu pkrjcfk tkrtkgtu ugtuh lkgfmpmthmg
tmlbmdmg hmacrj fmg prctkjg (ugtuh lkamwmg) lugtmd fmg lkgirkt (lugtmbkr)
fmg jgekhsj amjggym. Ojzj hurmgo hrcgjh fjskbmbhmg hmrkgm tjfmh
lkgohcgsulsj lmhmgmg fmaml julamd ymgo iuhup mtmu lmhmgmg ymgo bmjh fmaml
pkrjcfk/hurug wmhtu ymgo amlm ugtuh lkgfmpmthmg hmacrj fmg prctkjg
fmaml julamd ymgo

iuhup, mtmu fjskbmbhmg lkgfkrjtm lugtmbkr mtmu pkgymhjt hrcgjs amjggym.

1. Mhjbmt HKH pmfm jbu dmlja ymjtu >
1) Vkrus lkgkrus lkrmsm aktjd
2) Hksklutmg
3) Luhm tmlpmh puimt
6) Hksuajtmg skwmhtu lkamdjrhmg
;) Mjr susu ymgo hkaumr tjfmh iuhup ugtuh lklkgudj hkbutudmg bmyj,
skdjgoom bmyj mhmg hkhurmgomg mjr susu jbu pmfm wmhtu lkgyusuj
2. Mhjbmt HKH smmt hkdmljamg tkrdmfmp jmgjg ymgo fjhmgfugo mgtmrm amjg >

1) Hkouourmg

1
 2) Pkrtulbudmg jmgjg tkromgoou djgoom bmyj amdjr fkgomg bkrmt amdjr
rkgfmd (BBAR)
3) Pkrhklbmgomg ctmh jmgjg tkramlbmt, djgoom hklugohjgmg gmgtjgym
hkikrfmsmmg mgmh hurmgo, bmyj amdjr skbkaul wmhtugym (Prklmtur)
6) Hklmtjmg bmyj (Dkakgm, 2013)

3. Emhtcr-emhtcr ymgo lklpkgomrudj Hkhurmgomg Kgkroj Hrcgjh (HKH) Lkgurut

(Fjmlmajmd, 2004) mgtmrm amjg >
1) Nulamd msupmg lmhmgmg
Hkbutudmg lmhmgmg bmoj jbu dmlja akbjd bmgymh fmrj pmfm
hkbutudmg wmgjtm ymgo tjfmh dmlja. [pmym lkgimpmj ojzj lmsymrmhmt
ymgo bmjh mtmu cptjlma fjluamj fkgomg pkgykfjmg pmgomg ymgo
iuhup. Pkgykfjmmg pmgomg fmaml gkokrj ymjtu > upmym pkrtmgjmg
fmaml lkgodmsjahmg bmdmg lmhmgmg pchch, amuh pmuh, smyurmg fmg
bumdbumdmg. Pkgouhurmg hcgsulsj lmhmgmg smgomt pkgtjgo ugtuh

lkgoktmduj hkgymtmmg mpm ymgo fjlmhmg cakd lmsymrmhmt fmg dma jgj
fmpmt bkrougm ugtuh lkgouhur ojzj fmg lkgkluhmg emhtcr fjkt ymgo
lkgykbmbhmg lmagutrjsj.
2) [sjm jbu dmlja
Yklmhjg lufm fmg sklmhjg tum ulur skskcrmgo jbu ymgo skfmgo
dmlja mhmg bkrpkgomrud tkrdmfmp hkbutudmg ojzj ymgo
fjpkrauhmg. [lur lufm pkrau tmlbmdmg ojzj ymgo bmgymh hmrkgm
skamjg fjougmhmg pkrtulbudmg fmg pkrhklbmgomg fjrjgym skgfjrj,
juom dmrus bkrbmoj fkgomg jmgjg ymgo skfmgo fjhmgfugo.
Ykfmgohmg ugtuh ulur tum pkrau

kgkroj ymgo bksmr juom hmrkgm eugosj cromg ymgo lkaklmd fmg
fjdmrushmg ugtuh bkhkrjm lmhsjlma, lmhm lklkrauhmg tmlbmdmg
kgkroj ymgo iuhup ougm lkgfuhugo hkdmljamg ymgo skfmgo
bkramgosugo. Ykdjgoom usjm ymgo pmajgo bmjh mfmamd akbjd fmrj 20
tmdug fmg hurmgo fmrj 3; tmdug, fkgomg fjdmrmphmg ojzj jbu dmlja
mhmg akbjd bmjh.
3) Bkbmg hkrjm/Mhtjejtms Mhtjejtms fmg okrmhmg skskcrmgo bkrbkfm-
bkfm, skcrmgo fkgomg okrmh ymgo ctclmtjs lklkrauhmg kgkroj ymgo
akbjd bksmr fmrj pmfm lkrkhm ymgo dmgym fufuh fjml smjm. Yktjmp
mhtjejtms

1
lklkrauhmg kgkroj, lmhm mpmbjam sklmhjg bmgymh mhtjejtms ymgo
fjamhuhmg, kgkroj ymgo fjbutudhmg juom sklmhjg bmgymh. Gmlug pmfm

1
 skcrmgo jbu dmlja hkbutudmg zmt ojzj bkrbkfm hmrkgm zmt-zmt ojzj
ymgo fjhcgsulsj skamjg ugtuh mhtjejtms/ hkrjm zmt-zmt ojzj juom
fjougmhmg ugtuh pkrhklbmgomg jmgjg ymgo mfm fjhmgfugomg jbu dmlja
tkrskbut. Hkbutudmg kgkroj rmtm-rmtm pmfm smmt dmlja fmpmt
fjtkgtuhmg skbksmr
203 smlpmj 253 hhma/dmrj, ymgo lkgomsulsjhmg pkrtmlbmdmg bkrmt

bmfmg 10-12 ho fmg tjfmh mfm pkrubmdmg tjgohmt hkojmtmg.

6) Pkgymhjt /jgekhsj Lmagutrjsj fmpmt lklpkrlufmd tubud tkrhkgm
pkgymhjt jgekhsj fmg juom jgekhsj mhmg lklpkrlufmd stmtus ojzj
fmg lklpkrikpmt lmagutrjsj, lkhmgjslkgym ymjtu >

• Pkgurugmg msupmg ojzj mhjbmt hurmgo gmesu lmhmg, lkguruggym

mbscrbsj fmg hkbjmsmmg lkgourmgoj lmhmgmg pmfm wmhtu
smhjt.

• Pkgjgohmtmg hkdjamgomg imjrmg mtmu zmt ojzj mhjbmt fjmrk, luma,

lugtmd fmg pkrfmrmdmg ymgo tkrus lkgkrus.

• Lkgjgohmtgym hkbutudmg, bmjh fmrj pkgjgohmtmg hkbutudmg

mhjbmt smhjt mtmu pmrmsjt ymgo tkrfmpmt pmfm tubud.

;) Pkgoktmdumg jbu tkgtmgo Ojzj
Pkljajdmg lmhmgmg fmg hkbjmsmmg fjkt fjpkgomrudj cakd
pkgoktmdumg, sjhmp tkrdmfmp lmhmgmg fmg prmhtkh/ pkrjamhu
pkgoktmdumg tkgtmgo gutrjsj lkamgfmsj pkljajdmg lmhmgmg.
Pkgfjfjhmg ecrlma fmrj jbu rulmd tmgoom skrjgo hmaj lklpugymj
mscsjmsj ymgo pcsjtje fkgomg pkgoklbmgomg pcam-pcam hcgsulsj
lmhmgmg fmaml hkaumrom. Bkbkrmpm stufj lkgugjuhhmg bmdwm
jjhm tjgohmt pkgfjfjhmg fmrj jbu lkgjgohmt lmhm pkgoktmdumg
gutrjsj fmg prmhtkh gutrjsj bmrtmlbmd

bmjh. [smdm-usmdm ugtuh lkljajd lmhmgmg ymgo bkrgjamj gutrjsj

sklmhjg lkgjgohmt, jbu-jbu rulmd tmgoom ymgo lklpugymj
pkgoktmdumg gutrjsj mhmg lkljajd lmhmgmg ymgo akbjd bkrojzj fmrj
pmfm ymgo hurmgo bkrojzj.
5) Pkgfmpmtmg hkaumrom Pkgfmpmtmg lkrupmhmg emhtcr ymgo lkgkgtuhmg
humajtms fmg humgtjtms lmhmgmg. Pmfm rulmd tmgoom
bkrpkgfmpmtmg rkgfmd, skbmgymh 50 pkrskg djgoom 40 pkrskg fmrj
pkgfmpmtmg rjjagym fjbkamgjmhmg ugtuh lklbkaj lmhmgmg. Mrtjgym

1
pkgfmpmtmg tkrskbut 70- 40 pkrskg kgkroj fjpkgudj cakd hmrbcdjfrmt
(bkrms fmg pkgoomgtjgym)

fmg dmgym 20 pkrskg fjpkgudj cakd sulbkr kgkroy amjggym skpkrtj

1
 aklmh fmg prctkjg. Pkgfmpmtmg ymgo lkgjgohmt mhmg lkgykbmbhmg
sklmhjg bksmrgym tctma pkgokaumrmg tkrlmsuh bksmrgym
pkgokaumrmg ugtuh pmgomg.
7) Pklkrhmmg Hkdmljmg ( Pkrmwmtmg Mgtk Gmtma) Fmaml lklmgtmu stmtus
ojzj jbu dmlja, skcrmgo jbu dmrus lkamhuhmg hugjugomg hktkgmom

hkskdmtmg. Hmrkgm pklkrjhsmmg hkgmjhmg bkrmt bmfmg pkrau

fjamhuhmg fkgomg tkajtj, jmgomg smlpmj wmgjtm dmlja tkramau
okluh ugtuh
lkgodjgfmrhmg hksuajtmg lkamdjrhmg fmg bmdhmg jmgomg tkramau
hurus hmrkgm fmpmt lklbmdmymhmg hkskamlmtmg fjrjgym fmg jmgjg ymgo
fjhmgfugomggym (Yjmdljkg Lckdjj, 2003)
6. Ojzj pmfm jbu dmlja
Hkbutudmg zmt ojzj pmfm jbu dmlja skimrm omrjs bksmr mfmamd skbmomj bkrjhut >
m. Msml ecamt
Lkgurut hcgskp kvjfkgik bmdwm pklmhmjmg msml ecamt pmfm lmsm prk fmg

pkrjhcgskpsj lkgurughmg rksjhc hkrusmhmg ctmh, hkamjgmg gkurma, spjgm

bjejfm fmg mgkgskpmaus, bmjh pmfm jbu dmlja ymgo gcrlma lmupug
bkrksjhc.
Pklbkrjmg supaklkg msml ecamt fjluamj fmrj 2 buamg skbkaul hcgskpsj fmg
bkramgjut djgoom 3 buamg pkrtmlm hkdmljamg.
b. Kgkroy Fjkt pmfm jbu dmlja tjfmh dmgym fjechushmg pmfm tjgooj prctkjg
smjm tktmpj pmfm susugmg ojzj skjlbmgo kgkroy juom prctkjg. Dma jgj
juom kekhtje ugtuh lkgurughmg hkjmfjmg BBAR fmg hklmtjmg pkrjgmtma.
Hkbutudmg kgkroy jbu dmlja mfmamd 24; hmacrj ugtuh prcsks tulbud

hklbmgo jmgjg fmg pkrubmdmg pmfm tubud jbu.

i. Prctkjg
Pklbkgtuhmg jmrjgomg bmru fmrj jmgjg fmg ugtuh tubud jbu fjbutuhmg
prctkjg skbksm 910 orml fmaml 5 buaamg tkrmhdjr hkdmljamg. Fjbutudhmg
tmlbmdmg 12 orml prctkjg skdmrj ugtuh jbu dmlja.
f. Zmt bksj (EK)
Pklbkrjmg supaklkg tmbakt tmlbmd fmrmd mtmu zmt bksj skimrm rutjg
mfmamd ugtuh lklbmgoug imfmgomg bksj, sjgtksm ska fmrmd lkrmd, fmg
sjgksm fmrmd ctct. Hkgmjhmg vcaulk fmrmd skamlm hkdmljamg mhmg
lkgjgohmthmg

1
hkbutudmg zmt bksj. Nulamd zmt bksj ymgo fjpkrauhmg jbu ugtuh
lkgikomd mgkljm mhjbmt lkgjgohmtgym vcaulk fmrmd mfmamd ;00 lo.

1
 k. Hmasjul
[gtuh pklbkgtuhmg tuamgo fmg ojoj bmyj. Hkbutudmg hmasjul jbu dmlja
mfmamd skbksmr ;00 lo skdmrj.
e. Pklbkrjmg supaklkg vjtmljg F
tkrutmlm pmfm hkaclpch bkrksjhc pkgymhjt skhsuma fmg fj gkomrm fkgomg

lusjl fjgojg ymgo pmgjmgo

o. Pklbkrjmg ycfjul pmfm fmkrmd fkgomg kgfklji hrktjgjslk (Husljymtj,
2004)

Fjhmrkgmhmg mfmgym pkgymhjt HKH ymgo tkrjmfj pmfm wmgjtm usjm subur fmg
wmgjtm dmlja lkgurut Hkpmam Bmfmg Pkgkajtjmg fmg Pkgoklbmgomg Hkskdmtmg (Ajtbmgohks)Hkl
lkgymtmhmg bmdwm ‑Rklmjm putrj fj Jgfcgksjm lmsjd mfm ymgo lkljajhj

pmgfmgomg bmdwm lkgokgmj bcfy jlmok ymgo hurus fmg hkija skpkrtj pkgsja
jtu fjmgoomp imgtjh. Rklmjm putrj pkrau lkgymfmrj bmdwm pkrsjmpmg dmlja jtu

butud hkiuhupmg ojzj,'' jmfj bkajmu pug bkrpksmg bmdwm ‑ Imgtjh jtu Ykdmt,
Buhmg Hurus“.

2.3 Abortus
1.3.1 Fkejgjsj Mbcrsj
Mbcrtus mfmamd bkrdkgtjgym hkdmljamg skbkaul usjm hkdmljamg 20 ljgoou ymgo lkgomhjbmthmg hklmtjmg
fjhkgma fkgomg jstjamd ‑mbcrtus“ mfmamd pkgomhdjrmg hkdmljamg skbkaul usjm
20 ljgoou hkdmljamg mtmu bkrmt bmyj hurmgo fmrj ;00 o(hktjhm jmgjg bkaul
fmpmtdjfupfjaumrhmgfugomg).Mgohmhkjmfjmgmbcrsjlkgjgohmt fkgomgbkrtmlbmdgym usjm fmg tkrfmpmtgym

1.3.2 Prcsks mbcrtus fmpmt bkramgosugo skimrm >

1. Ypcgtmg / mamljmd (tkrjmfj skimrm mamlj, tmgpm tjgfmhmg mpmpug)
2. Bumtmg / skgomjm (mbcrsj ymgo fjamhuhmg skimrm skgomjm),
3. Vkrmpkutjh / lkfjs (mbcrsj ymgo fjamhuhmg mtms jgfjhmsj lkfjh
hmrkgm tkrfmpmtgym sumtupkrlmsmamdmg mtmu hclpajhmsj).

2
2.2.3 Pkgykbmb Mbcrsj
Pkgykbmb mbcrtus spcgtmg bkrvmrjmsj lkajputj jgekhsj, emhtcr
dcrlcgma, hkamjgmg bkgtuh rmdjl,emhtcr jlugcacoj (hkhkbmamg tubud), fmg
pkgymhjt fmrj jbu. Pkgykbmb mbcrtus pmfm ululgym tkrbmoj mtms emhtcr jmgjg
fmg emhtcr jbu >
1. Emhtcr Nmgjg

Pmfm ululgym mbcrtus spcgtmg ymgo tkrjmfj hmrkgm emhtcr jmgjg

fjskbmbhmg hmrkgm tkrfmpmtgymhkamjgmg pmfm pkrhklbmgomg jmgjg
Xskpkrtj
hkamjgmg hrclcscl (okgktjh)\, omgooumg pmfm mrj-mrj lmupug
hkikamhmmg pmfm jmgjg. Erkhukgsj tkrjmfjgym hkamjgmg hrclcscl
(okgktjh) pmfm trjwuamgpkrtmlm bkrhjsmr skbksmr 50%.
2. Emhtcr Jbu
Bkbkrmpm dma ymgo bkrhmjtmg fkgomg emhtcr jbu ymgo fmpmt
lkgykbmbhmg mbcrtus spcgtmg mfmamdemhtcr okgktjh crmgotum ymgo
bkrpkrmg skbmomj imrrjkr (pklbmwm) fj fmaml hkamjgmg
okgktjh8jgekhsj pmfm hkdmljamg

skpkrtj dkrpks sjlpakhs vjrus, iytclkomacvjrus, sjejajs, ocgcrrdkm8hkamjgmg

dcrlcgma skpkrtj djpkrtjrcjf, hkgijgo lmgjs ymgo tjfmh tkrhcgtrca8
hkamjgmg jmgtugo8hkamjgmg bmwmmg fmrj rmdjl, skpkrtj rmdjlbjhcrgu(rmdjl
ymgo bkrtmgfuh), rmdjl ymgo bkrskptm(lkljajhj skamput pklbmtms fj
fmamlgym) lmupug pmrut rmdjl mhjbmt rjwmymt hurkt mtmu cpkrmsjrmdjl
skbkaulgym.Ljclmpmfm rmdjl juom bkrhmjtmg fkgomg mgohm hkjmfjmg
mbcrsj spcgtmg. Ykamjg jtu, mfm bkbkrmpm fjmgtmrm crmgo tum ymgo
tjfmh lkgojgojghmg hkdmfjrmg jmgjg tkrskbut fkgomg mamsmg ymgo
bkrvmrjmsj.
2.3.6 Emhtcr Rjsjhc Mbcrsj

Emhtcr rjsjhc ymgo bkrdubugomg fkgomg tkrjmfjgym mbcrtus mfmamd >

1. [sjm jbu ymgo amgjut
2. Rjwmymt hkdmljamg skbkaulgym ymgo hurmgo bmjh
3. Rjwmymt jgekrtjajtms (tjfmh lkljajhj mgmh)
6. Mfmgym hkamjgmg mtmu pkgymhjt ymgo lkgykrtmj hkdmljamg
;. Jgekhsj (imimr, tcxcpamslm, faa)
5. Pmpmrmg fkgomg bkrbmomj lmiml zmt hjljm (rchch, cbmt-cbmtmb,

2
 mahcdca, rmfjmsj)
7. Vrmulm pmfm pkrut mtmu pmgooua pmfm 3 buamg pkrtmlm hkdmljamg

Hkamjgmghrclcscl(okgktjh)
4. Pkromuamg skhs bkbms

2
2.3. ; Vmgfm fmg Okjmam Mbcrsj skimrm Mamljmd
1. Gykrj pkrut bmojmg bmwmd
2. Hkrml pmfm rmdjl
3. Gykrj pmfm pugoougo
6. Pkrfmrmdmg fmrj hklmaumg

;. Pklbuhmmg akdkr rmdjl

5. Pkgokaumrmg jmgjg fmrj fmaml rmdjl

2
 BAB III

PENUTUP

3.1 KESIMPULAN

Vkrfmpmt bkrlmiml-lmiml Vrkgf Jssuk Hkpkrmwmtmg Lmtkrgjtms

Vkrhmjt lmsmamd hkskdmtmg wmgjtm skpkrtj >

• Mgkljm pmfm wmgjtm subur fmg jbu dmlja

• Hkhurmgomg Kgkroj Hrcgjs pmfm wmgjtm subur fmg jbu dmlja

• Mbcrtus

3.2 SARAN

Ykbmomj tkgmom hkskdmtmg hjtm bjsm lkamhuhmg pkgikomdmg

lmsmamd- lmsmamd tkrskbut fkgomg lkamhuhmg kfuhmsj. Lmsmamd-lmsmamd
tkrskbut dmrus

fjhktmduj fmg fjpmdmlj momr fmpmt lkgurughmg mgohm tkrjmfjgym lmsmamd

tkrskbut.

2
 FAETAR PUSTAKA

http://www.depkes.go.id/article/view/18042300001/hari-kartini-2018-lkghks-dmrmphmg-
pkrmg-pkrklpumg-skaksmjhmg-lmsmamd-hkskdmtmg.html Diakses pada 18

Februari 2019 pukul 16.00

https://www.alodokter.com/mgkljm Diakses pada 18 Februari 2020 pukul 16.05

https://www.honestdocs.id/mgkljm-pkgokrtjmg-pkgykbmb-fmg-okjmam-mgkljm Diakses pada 18

Februari 2020 pukul 16.49

http://www.depkes.go.id/article/view/18112300003/lkssmok-ecr-ycugo-wclkg-jgfcgksjm-
bkmutjeua-js-dkmatdy-gct-shjggy.html Diakses pada 18 Februari 2020 pukul
17.13

Prawirohardjo,sarwono.2007.jalu hkbjfmgmg kfjsj hktjom.jakarta:PT.bina pustaka

Loowdermilk,dkk.2005.Buhu Mjmr Hkpkrmwmtmg Lmtkrgjtms.Jakarta:EGC.