Ljfkjsaropsoamf
Ljfkjsaropsoamf Jsjfso kmf Zrcjfso Nmrlifo Ajwmboemf kmf Nma Fjcmrm
kmf Smrcm Fjcmrm
ZZK FUO [mnuf =?;: tokma nmfym ljlumt mturmf kmsmr onwmg ajwmboemf kmf nma 
fjcmrm ljgmofamf bucm ajwmboemf kmf nma wmrcm fjcmrm. Kjfcmf kjloaomf
tjrkmpmt nmrlifo ajwmboemf kmf nma fjcmrm ko smtu ponma kjfcmf ajwmboemf kmf

nma wmrcm fjcmrm ko ponma gmof. Mpm jsjfso kmf urcjfso mkmfym nmrlifo ajwmboemf
kmf nma fjcmrm kmf wmrcmfjcmrm tjrsjeut9
Zftua ljlmnmlo pjrsimgmf tjrsjeut, lmro aotm pjrcufmamf pjfkjamtmf ajeutunmf
wmrcm fjcmrm ymfc ljgoputo ajeutunmf mamf mcmlm, pjfkokoamf kmf ajeukmymmf,
 pjrjaifilomf fmsoifmg kmf ajsjbmntjrmmf rmaymt, sjrtm pjrtmnmfmf kmf ajmlmfmf.

=. Mcmlm
Emfcsm Ofkifjsom koajfmg sjemcmo emfcsm ymfc rjgocous. Ajpjrdmymmf emfcsm aotm
ajpmkm [unmf _mfc Lmnm Jsm tjgmn mkm sjljfbma zmlmf prmsjbmrmn, sjejgul

kmtmfcfym pjfcmrun mcmlm-mcmlm ejsmr aj tmfmn mor aotm. Amrjfm otu kmgml
 pjrajlemfcmffym, emfcsm aotm lukmn
lukmn ljfjrolm pjfyjemrmf mcmlm-mcmlm ejsmr
otu. Umaymt emfcsm aotm ljfcmfut ejremcmo mcmlm ejrkmsmramf aotme sudo ymfc
koymaofofym. Zfkmfc-Zfkmfc Kmsmr ljrupmamf kiauljf nuaul ymfc
ljwubukamf dotm-dotm ejrsmlm sjtomp rmaymt Ofkifjsom.

Kmgml nmg ofo dotm-dotm ejrsmlm uftua ljwubukamf ajnokupmf ejrmcmlm bucm
ljrupmamf emcomf ymfc komtur kmgml ZZK. Ajtjftumf ljfcjfmo mcmlm komtur
kmgml ZZK FUO =?;: Pmsmg 5?. Emdmgmn pmsmg tjrsjeut. Ljfcmpm fjcmrm ejrkmsmr 

mtms Ajtunmfmf _mfc Lmnm Jsm9 Euamfamn kmsmr fjcmrm aotm Pmfdmsogm9
Ljfcmpm nmfym kokmsmramf pmkm smtu sogm smbm9 Boam tokma ljlmnmlo kmsmr
 pjloaormffym, lmam Mfkm mamf ljrmsm eofcufc.
eofcufc. Tusufmf kmsmr fjcmrm aotm ymotu
Pmfdmsogm ejrsohmt nojrmraos pormlokmg. Mrtofym, urut-urutmf golm sogm Pmfdmsogm
ljfufbuaamf sumtu rmfcamomf tofcamt kmgml gumsfym kmf oso kmgml sohmtfym ymfc
ljrupmamf pjfcanususmf kmro sogm-sogm ko luamfym.

Bmko, ko mftmrm golm sogm Pmfdmsogm mkm nueufcmf ymfc ljfcoamt smtu kjfcmf ymfc
gmoffym, sjnofccm Pmfdmsogm ljrupmamf sumtu ajsjgurunmf ymfc eugmt. Ajsmtumf

sogm-sogm Pmfdmsogm ymfc ljlogoao susufmf nojrmraos pormlokmg otu nmrus kolmafmo
 emnwm sogm Ajtunmfmf _mfc Lmnm Jsm ljfbmko kmsmr kmro2
 

 Togm ajlmfusommf ymfc mkog kmf ejrmkme,

 Pjrsmtumf Ofkifjsom,
 Ajrmaymtmf ymfc kopolpof igjn noalmt ajeobmasmfmmf kmgml
 pjrlusymwmrmtmf/pjrwmaogmf, kmf
 Ajmkogmf sisomg emco sjgurun rmaymt Ofkifjsom.

Kmro urmomf tjrsjeut tmlpma emnwm sogm Ajtunmfmf _mfc Lmnm Jsm ljrupmamf
 emsos kmro sogm-sogm Pmfdmsogm gmoffym. Bmko, pmnml Ajtunmfmf _mfc Lmnm Jsm
ljfbmko pmfkmfcmf kmsmr kmf ejrsohmt proljr ymfc sjdmrm suestmfsomg ljfbowmo
ajsjgurunmf wmwmsmf ajfjcmrmmf emfcsm Ofkifjsom.
Otugmn sjemefym Pmsmg 5? Mymt (=) ZZK FUO =?;: ljfjcmsamf emnwm fjcmrm
 ejrkmsmr mtms Ajtunmfmf _mfc Lmnm Jsm. Lmafmfym mkmgmn emnwm Ajtunmfmf
_mfc Lmnm Jsm (bowm ajejrmcmlmmf) nmrus kowubukamf kmgml ajrmfcam
ajnokupmf ejrfjcmrm ymfc tjrsusuf kmgml ZZK FUO =?;:.

Mpm lmafm fjcmrm ljfbmlof ajljrkjammf tomp-tomp pjfkukua uftua ljljgua

mcmlm lmsofc-lmsofc kmf uftua ejroemkmt ljfurut mcmlm kmf ajpjrdmymmffym
otu9
Mkmfym bmlofmf ajljrkjammf ljljgua mcmlm kmf ejroemkmt sjgmof komtur
kmgml Pmsmg 5? Mymt (5) bucm kmgml Pmsmg 5>J Mymt (=) ZZK FUO =?;:. Tjpjrto
tjgmn koufcampamf pmkm urmomf tjrkmnugu, emnwm kmgml pjruemnmf ZZK FUO
=?;: kogmauamf pjfmlemnmf ajtjftumf ljfcjfmo NML.
Tmtu ko mftmrmfym mkmgmn ajtjftumf Pmsmg 5? Mymt (5) ljfcjfmo ajejemsmf
 ejrmcmlm kmf ejroemkmt ymfc kopjrtjcms igjn Pmsmg 5>J Mymt
Mymt (=) ymfc smgmn smtu

suestmfsofym ljfcmtur nmg ymfc smlm. Nmg ymfc pjrgu aotm pmnmlo mkmgmn mpm
lmafm fjcmrm ljfbmlof ajljrkjammf uftua ljljgua mcmlm otu9

5. Pjfk
Pjfkok
okoa
oamf
mf km
kmf
f Aj
Ajeu
eukm
kmym
ymmf
mf
Pjfkokoamf kmf ajeukmymmf ljrupmamf kum ostogmn ymfc smtu smlm gmof smgofc
 ejrairjgmso smfcmt jrmt. Pjfkokoamf mkmgmn smgmn smtu ejftua upmym pjleukmymmf.
pjleukmymmf.
Ljgmguo prisjs, pjfkokoamf ajeukmymmf euamf smbm kotrmfshirlmsoamf kmro
cjfjrmso tum aj cjfjrmso lukm, ljgmofamf koajlemfcamf sjnofccm ljfdmpmo
kjrmbmt tjrtofcco ejrupm pjrmkmemf.

Kmgml aiftjas ofo mpm sjejfmrfym tubumf pjfkokoamf fmsoifmg aotm9 Pjfbjgmsmf
 

tjftmfc tubumf pjfkokoamf fmsoifmg kmpmt aotm tjluamf kmgml Pmsmg 4= Mymt (4)
ZZK FUO =?;:. Dmro kmf emdmgmn pmsmg tjrsjeut.
Uulusmf pmsmg ofo ljfcmailikmso fogmo-fogmo kmf pmfkmfcmf nokup emfcsm
ymfc rjgocous. Lmafmfym mkmgmn emnwm uftua ljfdmpmo tubumf pjfkokoamf
fmsoifmg, ymotu ljfdjrkmsamf ajnokupmf emfcsm, nmrus kogmauamf kjfcmf

ljfofcamtamf ajolmfmf kmf ajtmawmmf sjrtm mangma lugom.

Kmro rulusmf Pmsmg 4= Mymt (4) ZZK FUO =?;: bucm tjrkmpmt aifsjp hufcso
fjcmrm, kmgml nmg ofo pjljroftmn, ymafo ljfcusmnmamf kmf sjamgocus
ljfyjgjfccmrmamf sostjl pjfkokoamf fmsoifmg. Boam aotm ljfjfcia hufcsohufcso
fjcmrm (hufdtoif ih tnj stmtj) kmgml gofcaup pjlemfcufmf fjcmrm (stmtj-euogkofc)
dmaupmffym ljgoputo nmg-nmg ejroaut ofo.
 Hufcso lofolmg2 ljgjfcampo smrmfm kmf prmsmrmfm ulul ymfc ljlmkmo,
sjpjrto pjrtmnmfmf kmf ajmlmfmf, nuaul, ajsjnmtmf, kmf ajmkogmf.
 Hufcso lmkym2 ljfmfcmfo lmsmgmn-lmsmgmn jastjrfmgotms, sjpjrto pjfkokoamf,

gofcaufcmf, kmf lifipigo.

 Hufcso matovos2 ljfjtmpamf ajeobmamf ofkustromg kmf rjkostroeuso ajamymmf.

Ejrkmsmramf agmsohoamso hufcso fjcmrm tjrsjeut, pjfyjgjfccmrmmf pjfkokoamf

tjrlmsua hufcso lmkym kmro fjcmrm. Mrtofym, wmgmupuf euamf ljrupmamf
 pjgmasmfmmf hufcso tjrtofcco kmro fjcmrm, pjfyjgjfccmrmmf pjfkokoamf
pjfkokoamf bucm sukmn
gjeon kmro nmfym sjajkmr pjgmasmfmmf hufcso lofolmg fjcmrm. Igjn amrjfm otu,
 pjfyjgjfccmrmmf pjfkokoamf smfcmtgmn pjftofc.
pjftofc.
Pjfkokoamf fmsoifmg ljrupmamf pjrwubukmf mlmfmt ZZK FUO tmnuf =?;:

kmgml rmfcam ljfdjrkmsamf ajnokupmf emfcsm. Kmgml ZZTPF gjeon gmfbut

korofdo emnwm pjfyjgjfccmrmmf sostjl pjfkokoamf fmsoifmg otu nmrus ljgmnoramf
lmfusom ymfc ejrolmf kmf ejrtmawm ajpmkm [unmf _mfc Lmnm Jsm, ejrmangma
lugom, sjnmt, ejroglu, dmamp, arjmtoh, lmfkoro, ljfbmko wmrcm fjcmrm ymfc
kjliarmtos sjrtm ejrtmfccufc bmwme.
Ejramotmf kjfcmf upmym ljfdjrkmsamf ajnokupmf emfcsm, Ajljftjromf
Pjfkokoamf kmf Ajeukmymmf ejrajofcofmf emnwm pmkm tmnuf 505: pjfkokoamf
fmsoifmg ljfcnmsogamf OFTMF OFKIFJTOM DJUKMT KMF AILPJ[O[OH
(Ofsmf Amlog/Ofsmf Pmropurfm).
 

Ajdjrkmsmf ymfc aotm lmasuk mkmgmn ajdjrkmsmf ymfc ailprjnjfsoh. Mrtofym,

 euamf nmfym djrkms oftjgjatumgfym, ljgmofamf bucm
bucm ljlogoao ajdjrkmsmf sporotumg,
jlisoifmg, sisomg, emnamf aofjstjtos. Ejrsmlmmf kjfcmf kologoaofym ajdjrkmsmf
sjdmrm ailprjnjfsoh, ofsmf Ofkifjsom bucm nmrus ailpjtotoh.

Djrkms Tporotumg
Ejrmatumgosmso koro ljgmguo nmto/amgeu uftua ljfuleunamf kmf ljlpjraumt
ajolmfmf, ajtmawmmf kmf mangma lugom tjrlmsua euko pjajrto gunur kmf
 ejrajproemkomf ufccug

Ailpjtotoh
³ Ejrajproemkomf ufccug kmf cmfkrufc mamf ajufccugmf
³ Ejrsjlmfcmt bumfc tofcco
³ Lmfkoro

³ Pmftmfc ljfyjrmn
³ Pjlemfcufmf kmf pjleofm bjbmrofc

³ Ejrsmnmemt kjfcmf pjruemnmf  Ofivmtoh kmf ljfbmko mcjf pjruemnmf

³ Prikuatoh
³ Tmkmr lutu
³ Ejrirojftmso cgiemg
³ Pjlejgmbmr sjpmfbmfc nmymt

Djrkms oftjgjatumg

³ Ejrmatumgosmso koro ljgmguo igmn poaor uftua ljlpjrigjn ailpjtjfso kmf

ajlmfkoromf kmgml oglu pjfcjtmnumf kmf tjafigico1
³ Matumgosmso ofsmf oftjgjatumg umfc arotos, arjmtoh kmf olmbofmtoh1

Djrkms aofjstjtoa
³ Ejrmatumgosmso koro ljgmguo igmn rmcm uftua ljwubukamf ofsmf ymfc sjnmt, eucmr,
 ejrkmym-tmnmf, socmp, tjrmlpog, kmf trjfccofms1
³ Matumgosmso ofsmf mkormcm1
 

4. Pjrjaifil
Pjrjaifilomf
omf Fmsoifmg kmf Ajsjbmntjrmmf
Ajsjbmntjrmmf Umaymt
Tjsumo sjlmfcmt Pmsmg 44 Mymt (=) ZZK FUO [mnuf =?;: msms
 pjrjaifilomf fmsoifmg mkmgmn ajajgumrcmmf. Mpm lmafm
lmafm msms ajajgumrcmmf9
Ajajgumrcmmf ljrupmamf msms ymfc komfut igjn lmsymrmamt Ofkifjsom kmgml
 ejremcmo mspja ajnokupmf ymfc smgmn smtufym ajcomtmf pjrjaifilomf fmsoifmg.

  Msms ajajgumrcmmf kmpmt komrtoamf sjemcmo ajrbm smlm ymfc kogmauamf gjeon
kmro sjirmfc kmgml ljfyjgjsmoamf pjajrbmmf, emoa uftua ajpjftofcmf proemko
lmupuf ajpjftofcmf ulul. Nmsog pjajrbmmf ejrsmlm ljlejroamf lmfhmmt ymfc
kmpmt kofoalmto sjdmrm mkog igjn emfyma irmfc. [ubumffym mkmgmn mcmr pjajrbmmf
kmpmt djpmt sjgjsmo kmf ljlejro nmsog gjeon emoa.
Pjfjrmpmf msms ajajgumrcmmf kmgml pjrjaifilomf fmsoifmg mkmgmn kmgml
sostjl jaifilo ajrmaymtmf. Mpm lmafm sostjl jaifilo ajrmaymtmf otu9 Tostjl
jaifilo ajrmaymtmf mkmgmn sostjl jaifilo fmsoifmg ymfc ejrmsms ajajgumrcmmf,
 ejrajkmugmtmf rmaymt, ejrlirmg Pmfdmsogm, kmf ljfufbuaamf
ljfufbuaamf pjlonmamf sufccun-

sufccun pmkm jaifilo rmaymt. Tostjl jaifilo ajrmaymtmf mkmgmn sostjl jaifilo
ymfc ejrtulpu pmkm ajaumtmf lmyirotms rmaymt.
Kjfcmf kjloaomf sostjl ofo tokma kmpmt koposmnamf kmro pjfcjrtomf ‗sjatir
jaifilo rmaymt“, ymafo sjatir jaifilo emoa sjatir
sj atir prikuaso, kostroeuso, lmupuf
aifsulso ymfc ljgoemtamf rmaymt emfyma, ljlejroamf lmfhmmt emco rmaymt
 emfyma, pjlogoamf kmf pjfogoamffym
pjfogoamffym igjn rmaymt emfyma.

;. Pjrtmnmfmf kmf Ajmlmfmf

Ejrkmsmramf mturmf kmsmr onwmg pjrtmnmfmf kmf ajmlmfmf Fjcmrm Pmsmg 40

Mymt (5) ZZK FUO [mnuf =?;: emnwm usmnm pjrtmnmfmf kmf ajmlmfmf fjcmrm
kogmasmfmamf ljgmguo sostjl pjrtmnmfmf kmf ajmlmfmf rmaymt sjljstm
(Tosnmfamlrmtm) igjn [jftmrm Fmsoifmg Ofkifjsom ([FO) kmf Ajpigosomf Fjcmrm
Ujpuegoa Ofkifjsom (Pigro), sjemcmo ailpifjf utmlm, kmf rmaymt, sjemcmo
ajaumtmf pjfkuaufc.
Kjfcmf kjloaomf tmlpma emnwm ailpifjf utmlm kmgml Tosnmfamlrmtm
mkmgmn [FO kmf Pigro. Diem Mfkm bjgmsamf mpm tucms piaia kmf hufcso [FO kmf
Pigro kmgml sostjl pjrtmnmfmf ajmlmfmf rmaymt sjljstm9
Mkmfym pjfcmturmf tjftmfc tucms piaia kmf hufcso [FO kmf Pigro, emoa kmgml

ZZK FUO =?;: lmupuf kmgml ufkmfc-ufkmfc tjramot, konmrmpamf mamf lmlpu
 

ljfofcamtamf prihjsoifmgoslj ajkum gjlemcm ymfc ejrcjrma kmgml eokmfc

 pjrtmnmfmf kmf ajmlmfmf fjcmrm.

Ljfcjfmo mkmfym ajtjftumf kmgml Pmsmg 40 Mymt (:) ZZK FUO =?;: ymfc
ljfymtmamf emnwm ajkukuamf kmf susufmf [FO kmf Pigro gjeon gmfbut komtur

kjfcmf ufkmfcufkmfc, ljrupmamf kmsmr nuaul emco KPU kmf prjsokjf uftua
ljlejftua ufkmfc-ufkmfc. Pjfcmturmf kjfcmf ufkmfc-ufkmfc ljfcjfmo
 pjrtmnmfmf kmf ajmlmfmf fjcmrm ljrupmamf aifsjaujfso
aifsjaujfso gicos kmro profsop ymfc
ljfjlpmtamf urusmf pjrtmnmfmf kmf ajmlmfmf sjemcmo ajpjftofcmf rmaymt.

nttps2//orvmfnjrlmwmfti
nttps2//orvmfnjrlmwmfti.egicspit.dil/5
.egicspit.dil/50=>/0>/jsjfs
0=>/0>/jsjfso-kmf-urcjfs
o-kmf-urcjfso-nmrlifo-
o-nmrlifo-
ajwmboemf-kmf-nma.ntlg