CASE STUDY – COMPARISON OF CONSTRUCTION

TECHNOLOGIES
STUDY

 Study the impact of structural system :

 Conventional
 Shear wall
 Hybrid
 Tunnel
 Precast

 Base case – Cluster of 10 towers based on Tower E of Godrej

Avenues, Bangalore (Shear wall structure)
METHODOLOGY

Quantities Costing
• ETABS models • ASTA schedules • Cost and time input
• Conventional • Cost loaded in IFM
• Shear wall from • COC • IRR
• Shear • Milestones
existing BOQ • Existing market • Cash flow
• Hybrid • QS for rates (pre-GST)
• Tunnel Conventional & considered
Hybrid • PMC
Framing Business
Timelines
layouts Impact
STRUCTURAL MODELING

 Modeled, analyzed and designed for Tower E – Avenues (Existing)

• Conventional Structural system Shear wall with
aluminium shuttering
• Shear
Configuration B+G+14
• Hybrid
• Tunnel
Foundation Raft foundation
SBC 60t/m2
 Framing member sizes, columns & beams, Seismic zone II
determined by trial runs in ETABS.
 Raft foundation retained for all systems
 Seismic zone – II. Ductile detailing not
required.
FRAMING LAYOUT OF SUPER STRUCTURE – TYPICAL FLOOR

Conventional Shear & Precast Hybrid Tunnel*

*Layout modified to suit tunnel

formwork. Area efficiency same
as shear option.
COSTING ASSUMPTIONS

 Cost of one tower calculated and extrapolated for 10 towers

 Non-tower area derived from original Avenues design ratios

 Landscape, external development, clubhouse cost kept same as original Avenues

 Precast – Structural model not configured, indices assumed based on shear and additional for precast
detailing

 Maximum potential of technologies, although not being achieved in this project, has been considered for
apportioning cost - assuming the technologies will be carried forward to future projects.
 Shear & Hybrid – 60 repetitions
 Tunnel – 1000 repetitions
 Precast – 10 million sqft.

 For precast element purchase option, Rs 100 / sft added to the COC worked out for precast - factory setup
to cater to transportation, supplier’s profit, etc.

 The costs do not include GST impact.

 FORMWORK MOVEMENT
Conventional Shear Hybrid Tunnel Precast

Conventional Shear Hybrid Tunnel Precast

Cycle time (in days) 21 12 12 3 8
Tower configuration 10 towers – B+G+14
Set definition 1 set = 1 floor 1 set = 1 floor 1 set = 1 floor 1 set = ½ floor
plate plate plate plate
No. of sets 10 10 10 5
Number of repetitions 15 15 15 60
per set
AREA RATIOS FOR THE TYPICAL TOWER

Hybrid
Conventional Shear wall Tunnel Precast
Structure

TBUA (sqft) 89,576 89,576 89,576 85,013 89,576

Parking under Tower

7,104 7,104 7,104 7,104 7,104
footprint (sqft)

NTA (sqft) 24,767 24,451 24,640 22,865 24,451

SA (sqft) 93,270 92,346 92,900 87,705 92,346

CA (sqft) 66,621 65,962 66,357 62,646 65,962

Parking/SA 34.17% 34.17% 34.17% 34.17% 34.17%

TBUA/SA 96.0% 97.0% 96.4% 96.9% 97.0%

 STRUCTURAL INDICES

Convent Shear
CONCRETE-CUM/SQFT
Hybrid Tunnel Precast
ional wall
0.050 0.050
0.043
0.037 0.039

Concrete
0.037 0.050 0.043 0.039 0.050
(cum/sqft)

Conventional Shear wall Hybrid Tunnel Precast

Formwork
3.137 5.079 3.940 3.945 0.036
(sqm/sqm)

Steel (kg/sqft) 3.951 4.195 4.096 3.930 4.658 STEEL -KG/SQFT

4.658
Blockwork
1.23 0.07 0.49 0.70 0.07 4.195
(sqm/sqm) 4.096
3.951 3.930

Plaster
3.74 2.69 2.69 2.67 2.69 Conventional Shear wall Hybrid Tunnel Precast
(sqm/sqm)
CAPITAL INVESTMENT
Precast
Conventional Shear wall Hybrid Tunnel
(factory)

Upfront investment (Cr) 24.28 18.39 25.83 31.00

Expected salvage value 4.86 3.68 5.17 6.20

In Contractor's
Total amount available for depreciation scope 19.42 14.71 20.66 24.80

Amount to be depreciated on this

6.31 4.78 1.56 2.29
project (Cr)

Rs/sqft on SA 68 51 18 25

Max potential of technologies, although not being achieved in this project, has been considered for apportioning cost -
assuming the technologies will be carried forward to future projects.

Shear & Hybrid – 60 repetitions

Tunnel – 1000 repetitions
Precast – 10 million sqft.
TIMELINES

Conventional Shear wall Hybrid Tunnel Precast

Timelines
Cycle time for typical slab
21 12 12 6 (3+3) 8
(days)
Number of slabs in a tower 15 15 15 15 15

Total duration (months) 33 25 25 23 20

Completion of RCC 21 16 16 14 13
Finishing post RCC 12 9 9 9 7
 LABOUR REQUIREMENT

Conventional Shear wall Hybrid Tunnel Precast

Saleable area 93,270 92,346 92,900 87,705 92,346

Labour requirement (Man-months)

RCC
11,682 9,161 9,775 6,258 5,360

Finishing
2,692 2,673 2,680 2,559 2,673

Overall
14,374 11,834 12,455 8,817 8,033

Labour reduction w.r.t conventional 18% 13% 39% 44%

*This is a thumb rule calculation.

COC SUMMARY
Rs / sft

Precast Precast
Hybrid
Cost Head Conventional Shear wall Tunnel (factory (element
Structure
setup) purchase)
Civil 1494 1495 1422 1429 1583 1683
Finishing 446 446 446 447 446 446
Internal MEP 362 366 364 365 366 366
External MEP 91 92 92 92 92 92
Clubhouse 62 62 62 62 62 62
Infrastructure 107 108 107 114 108 108
High Side Electrical 58 58 58 58 58 58
Contingency 131 131 127 128 136 140

Total 2,751 2,759 2,678 2,696 2,851 2,956

 QUALITATIVE COMPARISON OF VARIOUS SYSTEMS

SN Parameters Conventional Shear wall Hybrid Tunnel Precast

1 Speed of construction Slow Medium Medium Very fast Fast

Initial investment (per unit

2 Low Medium Medium High Very High
material)

3 Design flexibility in building layout High Medium Medium Low Medium

4 Subsequent interior modifications Possible Difficult Possible Difficult Difficult

5 Labour requirement High Medium Medium Low Low

6 Contractor availability High High High Low Medium

7 Safety provision Poor Good Good Very Good Fair

8 Surface finish Fair Good Good Good Very Good

9 MEP planning and coordination Flexible Rigid Flexible Rigid Rigid

Suitability for high rise (above 25

10 Possible Suitable Suitable Possible Possible
floors)
RECOMMENDATION
OUTCOME IN A NUTSHELL
Duration (months) Conventional (33) Hybrid (25) Shear (25) Tunnel (23) Precast (20)

Precast Shear Conventional Tunnel Hybrid

COC (Rs / sft)
(2851) (2759) (2751) (2696) (2678)

Design Flexibility Tunnel Precast Shear Hybrid Conventional

Labour requirement Conventional Hybrid Shear Tunnel Precast

Initial investment Precast Tunnel Shear Hybrid Conventional

Quality Conventional Hybrid Shear Precast Tunnel

Safety Compliance Conventional Hybrid Shear Precast Tunnel

Less Desirable More desirable

1 2 3 4 5
DECISION MATRIX: MID-INCOME SEGMENT
Ranking 1 2 3 4 5

Duration (months) Conventional Hybrid Shear Tunnel Precast

COC (Rs / sft) Precast Shear Conventional Tunnel Hybrid

Design Flexibility Tunnel Precast Shear Hybrid Conventional

Labour requirement Conventional Hybrid Shear Tunnel Precast

Initial investment Precast Tunnel Shear Hybrid Conventional

Quality Conventional Hybrid Shear Precast Tunnel

Safety Compliance Conventional Hybrid Shear Precast Tunnel

Parameters Weightages Technology Weighted Score

Duration (months) 25%
COC (Rs / sft) 10% Conventional 2.20
Design Flexibility 20% Hybrid 2.80
Labour requirement 20%
Initial investment 5% Shear 2.90
Quality 15% Tunnel 3.50
Safety compliance 5%
100% Precast 3.60
DECISION MATRIX: AFFORDABLE SEGMENT
Ranking 1 2 3 4 5

Duration (months) Conventional Hybrid Shear Tunnel Precast

COC (Rs / sft) Precast Shear Conventional Tunnel Hybrid

Design Flexibility Tunnel Precast Shear Hybrid Conventional

Labour requirement Conventional Hybrid Shear Tunnel Precast

Initial investment Precast Tunnel Shear Hybrid Conventional

Quality Conventional Hybrid Shear Precast Tunnel

Safety Compliance Conventional Hybrid Shear Precast Tunnel

Parameters Weightages Technology Weighted Score

Duration (months) 25% ▲
COC (Rs / sft) 30% ▲ Conventional 2.00
Design Flexibility 5% ▼ Hybrid 3.10
Labour requirement 20% ▬
Initial investment 5% ▬ Shear 2.70
Quality 10% ▼ Tunnel 3.90
Safety compliance 5% ▬
100% Precast 3.30
DECISION MATRIX: TOWNSHIPS
Ranking 1 2 3 4 5

Duration (months) Conventional Hybrid Shear Tunnel Precast

COC (Rs / sft) Precast Shear Conventional Tunnel Hybrid

Design Flexibility Tunnel Precast Shear Hybrid Conventional

Labour requirement Conventional Hybrid Shear Tunnel Precast

Initial investment Precast Tunnel Shear Hybrid Conventional

Quality Conventional Hybrid Shear Precast Tunnel

Safety Compliance Conventional Hybrid Shear Precast Tunnel

Parameters Weightages Technology Weighted Score

Duration (months) 25% ▲
COC (Rs / sft) 15% ▲ Conventional 2.50
Design Flexibility 25% ▲ Hybrid 3.05
Labour requirement 15% ▼
Initial investment 5% ▬ Shear 2.85
Quality 10% ▼ Tunnel 3.30
Safety compliance 5% ▬
100% Precast 3.30
THANK YOU