Example of Rwa technique

1. What is consistently low Rwa value displayed by the

log, compare it with the Rw v alue derived from the SP
log.
2. Explain the relatively low Rwa value obtained for the
resistivity zone A.
3. Discuss the relatively high Rwa value obtained for zone
B and C
4. Calculate and comment on the water saturation
indicated by Rwa evaluation of zones D through H.
5. Use the Rmfa approach to check for invasion condition
in Zone E and H.
6. Calculate the residual hydrocarbon saturation in Zone
Solution:
1. The value of Rwa is 0.03 ohm.m, Rmf valust is 0.61 ohm.m
at 160 F, Rw from chart is 0.03 ohm.m.

2. The low Rwa value displayed by Zone A Indicate that the

zone does not contain hydrocarbon. The high resistivity
result from low porosity implied by DT which approach
value of 59 µ sec/ft.
3. The high Rwa values obtained for zones B and C are the
result of abnormally high DT. The character of these two
deflections suggest that they are caused by cycle skipping.
4. For Zone D, F, G and H the value of Rwa read directly from
log. Rwa for zone E is off scale but can be calculated:
DTsh = 110 µ sec/ft, Dt =110 µ sec/ft., Rt = 17 ohm.m
(POR)a = (110-55.5)/(189-55.5) * (100/110) = 0.37 or 37%
𝑭 = 𝟏. 𝟏𝟑(𝑷𝑶𝑹)−𝟏.𝟕𝟑 = 6.3
Rwa = Rt/F = 17/6.3 = 2.69
𝑺𝒘𝒂 = (𝑹𝒘/𝑹𝒘𝒂)𝟏/𝟐 = 0.11 or 11 %
the High sonic porosity values obtained in zone D through G
indicate that these zones are gas filled. The calculated Rwa
values are exaggerated and will result in apparent water
saturation that is lower than true saturation.

5. Zone H Por=30 %, F= 1.132/(0.3)2 = 9.1

RSFL= 2.3 ohm.m
Rmfa = Rsfl/F = 2.3/9.1 = 0.25 ohm.m
Rmfa is smaller than Rmf 0.61 (ohm.m) which indicate very
shallow invasion.
Zone E Rmfa = 21/9.1 = 2.3 ohm.m
6. 𝑺𝒙𝒐 = (𝑹𝒎𝒇/𝑹𝒎𝒇𝒂)𝟏/𝟐
= (𝟎. 𝟔𝟏/𝟐. 𝟑)𝟏/𝟐 = 0.51 or 51%
Sgr = 49 %