(ĐỒ ÁN) Sấy Thùng Quay Xuôi Chiều Quặng

Trng H Cng Nghip H Ni
Khoa Cng Ngh Ha
MC LC
N MN HC QU TRNH THIT B............................................................5
LI M U................................................................................................................6
CHNG 1.................................................................................................................
GII THIU CHUNG.............................................................................................7
1.1. Gii thiu chung v k thut sy..................................................................7
1.1.1. Khi nim v sy.....................................................................................7
1.1.2. Phng php sy.....................................................................................7
1.1.3. Mt s nhn t nh hng ti tc sy..............................................9
1.1.4. Vai tr ca sy trong k thut v i sng..........................................11
1.2. Gii thiu v my sy thng quay..............................................................13
1.3. Gii thiu v vt liu ct..............................................................................15
1.3.1. Thnh phn............................................................................................15
1.3.2. Tnh cht................................................................................................15
1.3.3. ng dng...............................................................................................15
1.4. S v nguyn l hot ng ca h thng sy thng quay...................18
4.1.1. S cng ngh.....................................................................................18
4.1.2. Nguyn l hot ng ca my sy thng quay....................................19
CHNG 2.............................................................................................................20
TNH TON V LA CHN NHIN LIU......................................................20
2.1. Thng s ban u.........................................................................................20
2.1.1. Kiu thit b sy.....................................................................................20
2.1.2. iu kin mi trng............................................................................20
2.1.3. Vt liu sy l ct vi cc thng s......................................................21
2.1.4. Tc nhn sy..........................................................................................21
2.2. Tnh ton cc thng s ca nhin liu........................................................21
2.2.1. Thnh phn ca than............................................................................21
2.2.2. Nhit dung ring ca than ...............................................................22
2.2.3. Nhit tr ca than..................................................................................23
2.2.4. Lng khng kh kh l thuyt t chy 1 kg than......................23
2.2.5. Entanpi ca nc trong hn hp khi................................................23
2.2.6. H s khng kh tha sau qu trnh ho trn....................................24
2.2.6.1. Nhit lng vo bung t khi t 1 kg than..............................24
2.2.6.2. Nhit lng ra khi bung t v bung trn.............................25
2.2.7. Trng thi ca khi trc khi vo thng sy.....................................29
2.2.7.1. Nhit ca khi...........................................................................29
2.2.7.2. Hm m ca khi...........................................................................29
2.2.7.3. Hm nhit ca khi........................................................................30
2.2.7.4. m..............................................................................................30
CHNG 3.............................................................................................................31
TNH TON THIT B CHNH...........................................................................31
3.1. Cn bng vt liu.........................................................................................31
3.1.1. Lng m bay hi.................................................................................31
GVHD : Nguyn Xun Huy

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SVTH : H Tt Linh
Khoa Cng Ngh Ha
3.1.2. Lng ct ra khi thng sy................................................................31

3.2. Cc thng s c bn ca thng sy.............................................................31
3.2.1. Th tch ca thng sy..........................................................................31
3.2.2. Chiu di ,ng knh v b dy thng..............................................32
3.2.2.1. Chiu di thng..............................................................................32
3.2.2.2. ng knh thng.........................................................................32
3.2.2.3. Chiu dy thn thng....................................................................32
3.2.3. Thi gian lu vt liu trong thng......................................................33
3.2.4. S vng quay ca thng........................................................................33
3.2.5. Cng sut cn thit quay thng......................................................33
3.2.6. Cc thng s c bn ca thng sy......................................................34
3.2.6.1. Cu to thn thng........................................................................34
3.2.6.2. ng knh thng..........................................................................34
3.2.6.3. Chiu di thng..............................................................................34
3.2.6.4. Loi cnh.........................................................................................35
3.2.6.5. Tc quay....................................................................................35
3.3. Qu trnh sy l thuyt................................................................................35
3.3.1. Trng thi ca khi ra khi thng sy................................................35
3.3.1.1. Nhit ...........................................................................................35
3.3.1.2. Hm nhit.......................................................................................35
3.3.1.3. Hm m...........................................................................................35
3.3.1.4. m..............................................................................................35
3.3.2. Cn bng nhit lng ca qu trnh sy.............................................36
3.4. Qu trnh sy thc t...................................................................................37
3.4.1. Nhit tn tht ra mi trng................................................................37
3.4.1.1. Xc nh h s truyn nhit K......................................................37
3.4.1.2. Din tch xung quanh thng sy...................................................44
3.4.1.3. Hiu s nhit trung bnh...........................................................44
3.4.2. Tn tht do ct mang ra khi thng sy.............................................45
3.4.3. Xc nh gi tr (Lng nhit b sung thc t).............................45
3.4.4. Trng thi ca khi ra khi thng sy................................................46
3.4.4.1. Nhit ...........................................................................................46
3.4.4.2. Hm m...........................................................................................46
3.4.4.4. Hm nhit.......................................................................................47
3.4.5. Lng khi cn thit bc hi 1 kg m............................................47
3.4.6. Lng than cn thit cho qu trnh....................................................47
3.4.7. Cn bng nhit lng trong thit b sy.............................................48
3.4.8. Kim tra lng nhit mt mt ra mi trng....................................48
3.4.9. Lng nhit cn cung cp cho thng sy............................................49
CHNG 4.............................................................................................................49
TNH TON C KH............................................................................................49
4.1. Tnh ton h thng dn ng......................................................................49
4.1.1. Tnh ton v la chn ng c.............................................................49
4.1.2. Tnh ton ng hc h thng dn ng c kh...................................50
4.1.2.1. Xc nh t s truyn ca h thng dn ng.............................50
4.1.2.2. Phn t s truyn ca h dn ng...............................................50
4.1.2.3. S vng quay ca bnh rng ch ng........................................51
4.1.2.4. Cng sut trn trc bnh rng ch ng.....................................51
4.1.2.5. Momen quay trn trc ca bnh rng ch ng........................51

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SVTH : H Tt Linh
Khoa Cng Ngh Ha
4.2. Tnh ton b truyn ng bnh rng.........................................................52

4.2.1. Chn vt liu..........................................................................................52
4.2.2. Xc nh ng sut cho php.................................................................52
4.2.2.1. ng sut tip xc............................................................................52
4.2.2.2. ng sut un...................................................................................53
4.2.2.3. ng sut qu ti cho php.............................................................54
4.2.3. Cc thng s c bn ca b truyn......................................................54
4.2.3.1. Khong cch trc...........................................................................54
4.2.3.2. Cc thng s n khp....................................................................55
4.2.3.3. ng knh rng............................................................................56
4.2.3.4. Kim nghim rng v bn tip xc..........................................57
4.2.3.5. Kim nghim rng v bn un.................................................59
ng sut un sinh ra ti chn rng :.............................................................59
4.2.3.6. Kim nghim rng v qu ti........................................................61
4.2.3.7. Cc thng s kch thc ca b truyn bnh rng tr...............62
4.3. Kim tra bn thn thng........................................................................62
4.3.1. Trng lng ca vt liu trong thng.................................................62
4.3.3. Trng lng bnh rng vng...............................................................63
4.3.4. Trng lng cnh xi............................................................................64
4.3.5. Trng lng vnh ai...........................................................................64
4.3.6. Khong cch hai vnh ai....................................................................65
4.3.7. Ti trng trn mt n v chiu di thng khng k bnh rng vng
4.3.8. Momen un do ti trng ny gy ra....................................................65
4.3.9. Momen un do bnh rng vng gy ra...............................................65
4.3.10. Momen chng un...............................................................................65
4.3.11. ng sut thn thng...........................................................................66
4.4. Tnh ton vnh ai.......................................................................................66
4.4.1. Ti trng trn mt vnh ai.................................................................66
4.4.2. Phn lc ca con ln.............................................................................66
4.4.3. B rng ca vnh ai............................................................................67
4.4.4. B dy ca vnh ai..............................................................................67
4.4.5. Momen un............................................................................................67
4.4.6. Momen chng un................................................................................68
4.4.7. Cc thng s ca vnh ai....................................................................68
4.5. Tnh ton con ln ....................................................................................68
4.5.1. ng knh ca con ln........................................................................69
4.5.2. B rng ca con ln...............................................................................69
4.5.3. ng sut tip xc...................................................................................69
4.5.4. Cc thng s ca con ln .................................................................70
4.6. Tnh ton con ln chn................................................................................70
4.6.1. Lc ln nht tc dng ln con ln chn..............................................70
4.6.2. Xc nh bn knh con ln chn..........................................................70
4.6.3. Kim tra bn ca con ln chn.......................................................71
4.6.4. Cc thng s ca con ln chn.............................................................71
CHNG 5.............................................................................................................72
TNH TON THIT B PH................................................................................72
5.1. Tnh ton bung t.....................................................................................72
5.1.1. Din tch b mt ghi l..........................................................................72
5.1.2. Th tch bung t................................................................................72

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SVTH : H Tt Linh
Khoa Cng Ngh Ha
5.1.3. Chiu cao ca bung t......................................................................73

5.1.4. S ghi l..................................................................................................73
5.1.5. T l mt ghi: f/F....................................................................................73
5.2. Tnh ton v chn qut................................................................................73
5.2.1. Nng sut qut.......................................................................................73
5.2.2. Cng sut ca qut................................................................................74
5.2.3. Chn qut..............................................................................................76
Bng ph lc :..............................................................................................................77
TI LIU THAM KHO..........................................................................................80
B CNG THNG
TRNG H CNG NGHIP NI

4
CNG HA X HI CH NGHA VIT NAM

c lp - T do - Hnh phc
SVTH : H Tt Linh
Khoa Cng Ngh Ha
N MN HC QU TRNH THIT B
H v tn HS - SV : H Tt Linh
Lp : H Ho 1
Kho: 7
Khoa : Cng ngh Ho

Gio vin hng dn : Nguyn Xun Huy
NI DUNG
Thit k h thng sy thng quay lm vic xui chiu dng sy
manganioxit MnO2 nng sut 1,8 tn/ gi.
Cc s liu ban u:
- m u ca vt liu: 20%
- m cui ca vt liu: 3%
- Nhit khi vo : 3500C .
- Nhit khi ra : 600C
STT
Tn bn v
Kh giy
S lng
V dy chuyn sn xut
A4
01
V my sy thng quay
A0
01
PHN THUYT MINH

Ngy giao : 12/3/2015
Ngy hon thnh :

GIO VIN HNG DN
Nguyn Xun Huy
LI M U
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SVTH : H Tt Linh
Khoa Cng Ngh Ha
y l mt qu trnh cng ngh c s dng rt nhiu trong thc t sn

xut. Trong cng nghip nh ch bin nng- hi sn, ch bin g, sn
xut vt liu xy dng.K thut sy ng vai tr quan trng trong
dy chuyn sn xut. Sn phm rau qu sy c m thch hp, thun
tin cho vic bo qun, vn chuyn, ch bin, ng thi nng cao cht lng sn
phm.
n v ni dung sy l mt trong nhng bi tp ln nm trong chng
trnh ca b mn qu trnh v thit b khoa cng ngh Ho ca trng H Cng
Nghip H Ni, n gip cho sinh vin c k nng hn trong qu trnh tra cu s
liu, tnh ton, ng thi nm vng hn v cng ngh sy ni ring v cc qu
trnh trong cng ngh Ho Hc ni chung.
c thy gio Nguyn Xun Huy giao nhim v: tnh ton thit k h
thng sy thng quay sy manganioxit vi nng sut 1,8 tn/ gi. Da trn
nhng kin thc hc cng vi s hng dn tn tnh ca thy em hon
thnh n ca mnh.
Em xin chn thnh cm n thy Huy cng cc thy c trong khoa Cng
Ngh Ho ch bo, gip tn tnh em trong thi gian em hon thnh n
ny. Do hn ch v ti liu tham kho v cc kin thc nn bn n ny chc
chn khng trnh khi sai st, em mong nhn c s ng gp, sa cha ca
cc thy c.
Em xin chn thnh cm n!

Sinh vin thc hin: H Tt Linh
Lp
: H Ho1 _K7

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SVTH : H Tt Linh
Khoa Cng Ngh Ha
CHNG 1
GII THIU CHUNG
1.1. Gii thiu chung v k thut sy
1.1.1. Khi nim v sy
Sy l mt phng php bo qun thc phm n gin, an ton v d
dng. Sy lm gim m ca thc phm n mc cn thit do vi khun,
nm mc v nm men b c ch hoc khng pht trin v hot ng c, gim
hot ng cc enzyme, gim kch thc v trng lng ca sn phm.
Qu trnh sy l qu trnh lm kh cc vt th, cc vt liu, cc sn phm
bng phng php bay hi nc. Nh vy, qu trnh sy kh mt vt th din
bin nh sau:
Vt th c gia nhit a nhit ln n nhit bo ha ng vi
phn p sut ca hi nc trn b mt vt th.. Vt th c cp nhit lm
bay hi m.
Tm li, trong qu trnh sy xy ra cc qu trnh trao i nhit v trao i
cht c th l qu trnh truyn nhit t cht ti nhit cho vt sy, qu trnh truyn
m t trong vt sy ra ngoi b mt sy, qu trnh truyn m t b mt vt sy ra
ngoi mi trng. Cc qu trnh truyn nhit, truyn cht trn xy ra ng thi
trn vt sy, chng c quan h qua li ln nhau.
1.1.2. Phng php sy
C nhiu cch phn loi :
a. Da vo tc nhn sy:
- Sy bng khi l
- Sy bng khng kh nng
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SVTH : H Tt Linh
Khoa Cng Ngh Ha
- Sy bng tia hng ngoi : L phng php sy dng nng lng ca tia
hng ngoi lm kh vt liu.
- Sy bng dng in cao tn : L phng php sy dng nng lng in
trng t nng trn ton b chiu dy ca vt liu.
b. Da vo phng php cung cp nhit cho qu trnh sy.
- Sy i lu : L phng php sy cho tip xc trc tip gia vt liu sy
vi tc nhn sy.
- Sy tip xc : L phng php sy m tc nhn sy tip xc gin tip vi
vt liu sy qua mt vch ngn.
- Sy thng hoa : L phng php sy trong mi trng c chn khng
rt cao, nhit rt thp nn m trong vt liu ng bng v bay hi t trng
thi rn thnh trng thi kh.
Trong cng nghip ha cht v thc phm, cng ngh v thit b sy i
lu c s dng ph bin hn c.
c. Da vo phng php lm vic
- My sy lin tc.
- My sy gin on.
d. Da vo p sut lm vic
- Sy chn khng.
- Sy p sut thng.
e. Da vo cu to thit b
- Thit b sy bung.
- Thit b sy hm.
- Thit b sy thp.
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SVTH : H Tt Linh
Khoa Cng Ngh Ha
- Thit b sy phun.
- Thit b sy thng quay.
1.1.3. Mt s nhn t nh hng ti tc sy
a. nh hng ca nhit khng kh
Trong cc iu kin khc nhau khng i nh m khng kh, tc
gi, vic nng cao nhit s lm tng nhanh tc lm kh do lng nc
trong nguyn liu gim xung cng nhiu. Nhng tng nhit cng gii hn
cho php v nhit lm kh cao s lm nh hng ln n cht lng sn
phm, d lm cho nguyn liu b chn v gy nn s to mng cng lp b
ngoi cn tr ti s chuyn ng ca nc t lp bn trong ra b mt ngoi.
Nhng vi nhit lm kh qu thp, di gii hn cho php th qu trnh lm
kh s chm li dn n s thi ra, hy hoi nguyn liu. Nhit sy thch
hp c xc nh ph thuc vo dy bn thnh phm, kt cu t chc ca
tht qu v i vi cc nhn t khc. Khi sy nhng nhit khc nhau th
nguyn liu c nhng bin i khc nhau v d: nhit sn phm trong qu
trnh sy cao hn 600
th protein b bin tnh, nu trn 900
th fructaza bt
u caramen ha cc phn ng to ra melanoidin to polyme cao phn t cha N

v khng cha N, c mu v mi thm xy ra mnh m. Nu nhit cao hn
na th nguyn liu c th b chy lm mt gi tr dinh dng v mt gi tr cm
quan ca sn phm.
Qu trnh lm kh tin trin, s cn bng ca khuch tn ni v khuch
tn ngoi b ph v, tc khuch tn ngoi ln nhng tc khuch tn ni th
chm li dn n hin tng to v cng nh hng n qu trnh lm kh.
b.nh hng ca tc chuyn ng khng kh

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SVTH : H Tt Linh
Khoa Cng Ngh Ha
Tc chuyn ng ca khng kh c nh hng ln n qu trnh sy,

tc gi qu ln hoc qu nh u khng c li cho qu trnh sy. V tc
chuyn ng ca khng kh qu ln kh gi nhit lng trn nguyn liu cn
bng qu trnh sy, cn tc qu nh s lm cho qu trnh sy chm li. V vy,
cn phi c mt tc gi thch hp, nht l giai on u ca qu trnh lm
kh.
Hng gi cng nh hng rt ln n qu trnh lm kh, khi hng gi
song song vi b mt nguyn liu th tc lm kh rt nhanh. Nu hng gi
thi ti nguyn liu vi gc 45oC th tc lm kh tng i chm, cn thi
thng vung gc vi nguyn liu th tc lm kh rt chm.
c. nh hng ca m tng i ca khng kh
m tng i ca khng kh cng l nhn t nh hng quyt nh
n qu trnh lm kh, m ca khng kh cng ln qu trnh lm kh s chm
li. Cc nh bc hc Lin X v cc nc khc chng minh rng: m
tng i ca khng kh ln hn 65% th qu trnh sy s chm li r rt, cn
m tng i ca khng kh khong 80% tr ln th qu trnh lm kh s dng
li v bt u xy ra hin tng ngc li, tc l nguyn liu s ht m tr li.
cn bng m, khuch tn ni ph hp vi khuch tn ngoi v trnh
hin tng to mng cng, ngi ta p dng phng php lm kh gin on
tc l va sy va .
Lm kh trong iu t nhin kh t c m tng i ca khng
kh 50% n 60% do nc ta kh hu nhit i thng c m cao. Do , mt
trong nhng phng php lm gim m ca khng kh c th tin hnh
lm lnh cho hi nc ngng t li. Khi h thp nhit ca khng kh di
im sng hi nc s ngng t, ng thi hm m tuyt i ca khng kh
cng c h thp. Nh vy lm kh khng kh ngi ta p dng phng
php lm lnh.
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SVTH : H Tt Linh
Khoa Cng Ngh Ha
d. nh hng ca kch thc nguyn liu

Kch thc nguyn liu cng nh hng n qu trnh sy. Nguyn liu
cng b, cng mng th tc sy cng nhanh, nhng nu nguyn liu c kch
thc qu b v qu mng s lm cho nguyn liu b cong, d gy v.
Trong nhng iu kin ging nhau v ch sy (nhit , p sut kh
quyn) th tc sy t l thun vi din tch b mt S v t l nghch vi chiu
dy nguyn liu .
e. nh hng ca qu trnh m
Qu trnh m nhm mc ch l lm cho tc khuch tn ni v
khuch tn ngoi ph hp nhau lm tng nhanh qu trnh lm kh. Trong khi
lm kh qu trnh m ngi ta gi l lm kh gin on.
f. nh hng ca bn thn nguyn liu
Ty vo bn thn nguyn liu m ngi ta chn ch lm kh cho ph
hp, cn phi xt n thnh phn ha hc ca nguyn liu nh: nc, lipit, cht
khong, protein, Vitamin, kt cu t chc tht qu chc hay lng lo...
1.1.4. Vai tr ca sy trong k thut v i sng
Sy l qa trnh tch nc (m) ra khi vt liu bng phng php nhit.
Ngy xa ngi ta bit s dng phng php sy t nhin rt n gin l
phi nng. Tuy nhin, phi nng b hn ch ln l cn din tch sn phi rng v
ph thuc vo thi tit, c bit bt li trong ma ma. V vy, trong cc ngnh
cng nghip ngi ta thng phi tin hnh qu trnh sy nhn to.
- Kt qu ca qa trnh sy l hm lng cht kh trong vt liu
tng ln. iu c ngha quan trng trn nhiu phng din khc nhau.
V d:
+ i vi cc nng sn v thc phm th tng cng tnh bn vng
trong bo qun.
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SVTH : H Tt Linh
Khoa Cng Ngh Ha
+ i vi cc nhin liu ( ci, than) c nng cao nhit lng

chy, i vi cc gm s th lm tng bn c hc
+ V ngoi ra tt c cc vt liu sau khi sy u c gim gi
thnh vn chuyn.
- Do cc ngha nu trn m i tng ca qu trnh sy tht a
dng, bao gm nguyn liu, bn thnh phm v thnh phm trong cc giai on
khc nhau ca qa trnh sn xut v ch bin, thuc nhiu lnh vc kinh t khc
nhau. Ni cch khc, k thut sy c ng dng rng ri trong cc nghnh
cng nghip v nng nghip.
- Nguyn tc ca qu trnh sy l cung cp nng lng nhit bin
i trng thi pha ca lng trong vt liu thnh hi. Hu ht cc vt liu trong
qu trnh sn xut u cha pha lng l nc v ngi ta thng gi l m. Nh
vy trong thc t c th xem sy l qa trnh tch m bng phng php nhit.
- Vic cung cp nng lng cho vt liu trong qa trnh sy c tin
hnh theo cc phng php truyn nhit bit.
V d :
+ Cp nhit bng i lu gi l sy i lu.
+ Cp nhit bng dn nhit gi l sy tip xc.
+ Cp nhit bng bc x gi l sy bc x.
+ Ngoi ra, cn c cc phng php sy c bit nh sy bng
dng in cao tn, sy thng hoa, sy chn khng
- Tm li, bo qun cc loi sn phm trong thi gian di, trong
qui trnh cng ngh sn xut ca nhiu sn phm u c cng on sy kh.
- cht lng sn phm ngy cng c nng cao, cng ngh sy
cng c ci tin v pht trin nh trong nghnh hi sn, rau qu v nhiu loi
thc phm khc. Cc sn phm nng nghip dng ht nh la, ng, usau
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SVTH : H Tt Linh
Khoa Cng Ngh Ha
khi thu hoch cn sy kh kp thi, nu khng sn phm s b gim cht lng

thm ch b hng dn n tnh trng mt ma sau thu hoch.
Do nhu cu sy ngy cng a dng, c nhiu phng php v thit b
sy sy cc loi sn phm khc nhau.Ngoi ra i khi cng mt loi sn
phm nhng nu yu cu v qui m sy khc nhau th cng i hi thit b sy
ph hp. i vi tng loi sn phm c bit trc, nhm t c cc yu
cu ca sn phm sy vi chi ph nhin liu v u t thit b ban u thp
nht.
1.2. Gii thiu v my sy thng quay
H thng sy thng quay l h
thng sy lm vic lin tc chuyn
dng sy vt liu ht, cc nh nh:
ct, than , cc loi qung, ng,
mui, v cc loi ha cht nh :
NaHCO , BaCl ng cc, m chnh.
H thng dng nhin liu t c th l
du hoc than cp nhit cho bung t.
Cu to ca my sy thng quay
chnh:
gm 3 phn
Bung t.
Thng quay trao i nhit lin tc vi vt liu sy.
H thng thng gi thu hi bi cui l.

Cu to chnh ca my sy thng quay l thng sy. Thng sy l mt ng
hnh tr trn bng vt liu thp, trong c lp cc cnh xo trn phn vng
hoc khng. Ty theo ng knh ca ng thp m chiu dy ca thnh ng c
th t 10 - 14 mm. ng thp ny c t nghing 1 - 6 trn 2 trc quay,
trnh tnh trng ng b tri khi quay 2 trc c b bng con ln chng tri.
u cao ca ng c bung t cp nhit v bn trn c ng dn vt liu vo.
u thp ca ng c bung cui l, bn di c ng dn vt liu ra khi thng

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SVTH : H Tt Linh
Khoa Cng Ngh Ha
sy sang gu ti a ln silo cha. Bn trong bung cui l c gn qut ht, ng

khi v xyclon lng bi to thnh h thng thng gi bn trong my sy.
Bn trong thng sy ngi ta lp cc cnh xo trn vt liu lm qu
trnh trao i nhit gia vt liu sy v tc nhn sy tt hn. Cc m ngn trong
thng va c tc dng phn phi u vt liu theo tit din thng va lm tng
b mt tip xc. Cu to ca m ngn ph thuc vo kch thc ca vt liu
sy v m ca n. Cc loi m ngn c dng ph bin trong my sy
thng quay gm :
- m ngn loi mi cho nng v loi phi hp dng khi sy nhng vt
liu cc to, m, c xu hng ng vn li, loi ny c h s cha y vt liu
khng qu 10 - 20 %.
- m ngn hnh qut c nhng khong khng thng vi nhau.
- m ngn phn phi hnh ch thp v kiu vt o c xp trn ton
b tit din ca thng, c dng sy vt liu dng cc nh, xp, khi thng
quay vt liu c o trn nhiu ln, b mt tip xc pha ln.
- m ngn kiu phn khu sy cc ht p nh, bi. loi ny cho
php h s cha y t 15 - 25 %.
Nu nhit sy ln hn 200C th dng khi l nhng khng dng cho
nhit ln hn 800C.
u im ca h thng sy thng quay:

-
Qu trnh sy u n v mnh lit nh tip xc tt gia vt liu

sy v tc nhn sy. Cng sy ln, c th t 100 kg m bay hi/
mh.
Thit b gn, c th c kh ha v t ng ha ton b khu sy.

Nhc im ca h thng sy thng quay:

14
SVTH : H Tt Linh
Khoa Cng Ngh Ha
- Vt liu b o trn nhiu nn d to bi do v vn. Do trong

nhiu trng hp s lm gim cht lng sn phm.
- Khng sy c cc vt liu d v.
1.3. Gii thiu v vt liu sy manganioxit
1.3.1. Tnh cht
a. Tnh cht vt l
Qung MnO2 l cht bt mu en c
thnh phn khng hp thc, khi un nng
s b phn hy thnh cc oxit thp hn.
iu kin thng n l oxit bn nht
trong cc oxit ca Mangan, khng tan
trong nc, tng i tr.
Khi lng ring: 5030 Kg/m3
b. Tnh cht ha hc
Khi un nng n tan trong axit v kim nh mt oxit lng tnh. Khi tan
trong dung dch axit n khng to nn mui km bn ca Mn +4 theo phn ng
trao i m tc dng nh mt cht oxi ha.
Khi tan trong dung dich KOH c to nn dung dch xanh lam cha cc
ion Mn(III) v Mn(V) v trong iu kin ny ion Mn(IV) khng tn ti c.
Khi nu chy vi kim hoc oxit baz mnh to mui Manganat.
nhit cao, MnO2 c th b kh bi H2, CO2 hoc C to thnh kim
loi.
Khi nu chy vi kim nu c mt cc cht oxi ha nh: KNO 3, KClO3,
O2... th MnO2 b oxi ha thnh Mn theo phng trnh:
15
SVTH : H Tt Linh
Khoa Cng Ngh Ha
MnO2 + KNO3 + K2CO3=K2MnO4 +KNO2 + CO2

1.3.3. ng dng ca MnO2
MnO2 tn ti trong t nhin di dng khong vt pirolusit l
hp cht ca Mangan c nhiu ng dng trong thc t.
dng bt MnO2 l xc tc cho phn ng phn hy KClO2 v
H2O2, phn ng oxi ha NH3 thnh NO v Axetic thnh Axeton.
MnO2 c a vo nguyn liu nu thy tinh lm mt mu
lc ca thy tinh, cho thy tinh c mu hng hoc en( vi
lng ln).
Trong cng nghip gm MnO2 to mu nu , en cho men.
Ngoi ra trong cng nghip MnO 2 c s dng lm mt in
cc ca pin
V d:
Manganioxit c xem l ng vin c nhiu u im lm
nguyn liu ch to in cc cho pin sc bi v chng c nhiu
trong thin nhin v tng hp vi mi trng. Tn dng nhiu
u im ca Manganioxit nhiu phng php c hiu qu
c pht trin ci tin in cc ca MnO 2/C nm mc ch
s dng cho pin s cp.
in cc hn hp MnO2/Cacbon c ch to bng cch cho
trc tip bt cacbon v trong dung dich Manganaxetat cng
kt ta vi MnO2.nH2O trn b mt nn cacbon. Hnh thi hc
b mt v cu trc tinh th c xc nh bng phng php
hin vi in t qut( SEM) v k thut nhiu x tia X(XRD).
Qut trong vng tun hon(CV) nh gi tnh cht in ha
16
SVTH : H Tt Linh
Khoa Cng Ngh Ha
ca in cc c ch to. Kt qu chng minh bt cacbon

c hiu qu lm tng in dung v ci thin tnh cht in ha
ca in cc Mangandioxit.
1.4. S v nguyn l hot ng ca h thng sy thng quay

4.1.1. S cng ngh
1.Thng quay
2.Vnh ai
3.Con Ln
4.Bnh rng
5.Phu hng sn phm
6.Qut ht
7.Thit b lc bi
8.L t
9.Con ln chn
10.M t qut chuyn ng 11.B tng

13.Phu tip liu

17
12.Bng ti
14.Van diu chnh
SVTH : H Tt Linh
Khoa Cng Ngh Ha
4.1.2. Nguyn l hot ng ca my sy thng quay

My sy thng quay gm mt thng hnh tr t nghing vi mt phng
nm ngang
1 6
. Ton b trng lng ca thng c t trn 2 bnh ai .
Bnh ai c t trn bn con ln , khong cch gia 2 con ln

cng mt b c th thay i iu chnh gc nghing ca thng, ngha l
iu chnh thi gian lu vt liu trong thng. Thng quay c l nh c bnh
rng. Bnh rng n khp vi bnh rng dn ng nhn truyn ng ca ng c
qua b gim tc.
Vt liu t c np lin tc vo u cao ca thng qua phu cha v
c chuyn ng dc theo thng nh cc m ngn. Cc m ngn va c tc
dng phn b u theo tit din thng, o trn vt liu va lm tng b mt tip
xc gia vt liu sy v tc nhn sy. Cu to ca m ngn ph thuc vo kch
thc ca vt liu sy, tnh cht v m ca n. Vn tc ca khi l hay khng
kh nng i trong my sy khong
23
m/s, thng quay
38
vng/pht. Vt
liu kh cui my sy c tho qua c cu tho sn phm ri nh bng ti

xch vn chuyn vo kho.
Khi l hay khng kh thi c qut ht vo h thng tch bi,
tch nhng ht bi b cun theo kh thi. Cc ht bi th c tch ra, hi lu
tr li bng ti xch. Kh sch thi ra ngoi.
Tc khi l hoc khng kh nng i trong thng khng c ln hn
3m/s bi nu tc ln hn 3m/s th vt liu b cun nhanh ra khi thng.
Cc m ngn trong thng va c tc dng phn phi u vt liu theo
tit din thng, va o trn vt liu lm tng b mt tip xc gia vt liu sy
v tc nhn sy. Cu to ca cc m ngn( cnh o trn) ph thuc vo kch

18
SVTH : H Tt Linh
Khoa Cng Ngh Ha
thc vt liu v m ca n. Cc loi m ngn c dng ph bin trong

my sy thng quay gm:
S cu to cnh trong thit b sy thng quay:

a) Cnh nng
b) Cnh nng chia khoang
c) Cnh phn b u( cnh phn phi ch thp)
d) Cnh hn hp
e) Cnh phn vng
i vi vt liu dng cc to nhng xp, nh trong thng sy c th b tr
cnh nng( hnh a).
Ngc li vi dng vt liu cc to, nng th nn b tr cnh nng c chia
khoang( hnh b).
Khi sy vt liu dng ht hoc cc nh, nh ngi ta dng cnh phn phi
ch thp( hnh c).
i vi vt liu c kch thc qu b c th to thnh bi th nn dng
cnh loi chia khoang kn( hnh e)

19
SVTH : H Tt Linh
Khoa Cng Ngh Ha
CHNG 2
TNH TON V LA CHN NHIN LIU
2.1. Thng s ban u
2.1.1. Kiu thit b sy
Thng quay, phng thc sy xui chiu.
2.1.2. iu kin mi trng.
- Trng thi ca khng kh ngoi tri ni t thit b sy
+ Nhit mi trng: 250C
+ m tng i ca khng kh: 70%
- Hm m ca khng kh :
xo = 0,622.
o . pbh
p pbh .o
( kg m/kg kkk )
( CT 7.3 273 QTTBT4 )

Trong :
P : p sut kh quyn , mmHg; P = 760 mmHg.
Pbh: p sut ring phn ca hi nc trong hn hp khng kh m
bo ha hi nc, mmHg.
12
Pbh = exp
xo =
-
4026, 62
235,5 to
12
= exp
0, 622.0,7.0,032
760
0.032.0,7
750
4026, 62
235,5 25
= 0.032 bar
= 0,014 ( kg m/kg kkk ).
Hm nhit ca khng kh :

20
SVTH : H Tt Linh
Khoa Cng Ngh Ha
Io = to + ( 2493 + 1,97.to ).xo ( kJ/kg kkk )

( CT 7.5 273 QTTBT4 )
Io = 25 + ( 2493 + 1,97.25 ).0,014
= 60,592 ( kJ/kg kkk )
Vy, trng thi khng kh trc khi vo l t
Nhit
: to = 25C.
: o= 70 %.
Hm nhit : xo = 0,014 ( kg/kg kkk ).

Hm m : Io = 60,592 ( kJ/kg kkk ).
2.1.3. Vt liu sy l ct vi cc thng s
- m ca vt liu trc khi sy: 10,5%
- m ca vt liu sau khi sy l: 1,5%
- Lng vt liu a vo my sy : 16530 kg/h.
2.1.4. Tc nhn sy
Khi l :
- nhit khi l vo thng sy : t = 380 0C
- nhit khi l ra khi thng : t2 = 95 0C
2.2. Tnh ton cc thng s ca nhin liu
2.2.1. Thnh phn ca than
Nhin liu ca than bao gm cc thnh phn sau:
Thnh phn
% Khi lng 76,05
4,06
3,63
1,6
3,79
7,87
Trong :
21
SVTH : H Tt Linh
Khoa Cng Ngh Ha
W : thnh phn m.
A : thnh phn tro.
x : hm lng cht bc x = 2,79
Chuyn cc thnh phn sang trng thi lm vic:
+ tro ca nhin liu ch lm vic c xc nh :
A= A.
100 W
100
= 7,87 .
100 3
100
= 7,634%
+ Cc thnh phn khc:
C=C.
N=N.
O=O.
H=H.
S=S .
100 W A lv
100
100 W A lv
100
100 W A lv
100
100 W A lv
100
100 W A lv
100
= 76,05.
= 1,6.
100 3 7,634
100
100 3 7,634
100
= 3,63.
= 4,06.
= 3,79.
= 1,430%
100 3 7.634
100
100 3 7,634
100
100 3 7,634
100
= 67,963%
= 3,244%
= 3,628%
= 3,387%
Tnh ton tng t ta thu c thnh phn ca than ch lm vic

Thnh phn
Clv
% khi lng
67,963 3,628 3,244 1,430 3,387 3

22
Hlv
Olv
Nlv
Slv
Alv
7,634 2,79
SVTH : H Tt Linh
Khoa Cng Ngh Ha
2.2.2. Nhit dung ring ca than

p dng cng thc tnh nhit dung ring ca than
Ct= 837+3,7.to+625.x, J/kg.
( CT I.48 153 STT1 ).
Trong :
to : Nhit ca than trc khi vo l t, to= 25oC
x: Hm lng cht bc, x = 2,79%
Ct = 837 + 3,7.25 + 625.0,0279 = 946,938 ( J/kgoC )
Ct = 946,938 .10-3 ( kJ/kg.C ).
2.2.3. Nhit tr ca than
Nhit tr cao ca than :
Qc = 339.Clv + 1256.Hlv 109.(Olv Slv) ( kJ/kg )
(VII.37 110 STT2 )
Qc = 339. 67,963 + 1256.3,628 - 109.( 3,244-3,387)
Qc = 27611,812 (kJ/kg).
Nhit tr thp ca than :
Qth = Qc 25,1.( 9Hlv + W )
(2.24-K thut sy-20)
= 27611,812 25,1.( 9.3,628 + 3 )

= 26716,947 ( kJ/kg )
2.2.4. Lng khng kh kh l thuyt t chy 1 kg than
cung cp cho cc phn ng chy, thnh phn ca oxi trong khng kh
l 21%.
Cc phn ng chy:
C + O2 CO2
2H2 +O2 2H2O
S + O2 SO2
23
SVTH : H Tt Linh
Khoa Cng Ngh Ha
Lng khng kh kh l thuyt t chy 1 kg than:

Lo = 0,115.Clv + 0,346.Hlv +0,043.( Slv Olv )
( Cng thc VII.38 111 STT2 )
Lo = 0,115.67,963 + 0,346.3,628 + 0,043.( 3,387 3,244 )
= 9,077 (kg khng kh/kg than )
2.2.5. Entanpi ca nc trong hn hp khi
In = (2493 + 1,97.t).103
(J/kg)
Trong : t l nhit hn hp khi vo l (t = 350
In = (2493 + 1,97.350).103 = 3182,5.103 (J/kg)

= 3182,5
(kJ/kg)
2.2.6. H s khng kh tha sau qu trnh ho trn

Do nhit khi sau bung t rt ln so vi yu cu, v th trong thit b
sy thng quay dng khi l lm TNS ngi ta phi t chc ho trn vi khng
kh ngoi tri cho mt hn hp c nhit thch hp. V vy, trong h thng
sy thng quay ngi ta xem h s khng kh tha l t s gia khng kh kh
cn cung cp thc t cho bung t cng vi lng khng kh kh a vo
bung ho trn vi lng khng kh kh l thuyt cn cho qu trnh chy.
tnh h s khng kh tha khng kh bung t v trn ngi ta s
dng phng php cn bng nhit l t than.
2.2.6.1. Nhit lng vo bung t khi t 1 kg than
Qv = Q1 + Q2 + Q3 ( kJ )
Trong :
Q1 : Nhit lng than mang vo ( tnh cho 1kg than ).
Q2 : Nhit lng do khng kh mang vo.
SVTH : H Tt Linh
24
Khoa Cng Ngh Ha
Q3 : Nhit do t 1 kg than.
a. Nhit lng do than mang vo :
Q1 = Cn.tn
Trong :
Cn : Nhit dung ca than ; Cn = 946,938 .10-3 ( kJ/kgoC )
tn : Nhit ca than ( nhit mi trng ); tn = 25oC
Q1 = 25. 946,938 .10-3 = 23,673 ( kJ )
b. Nhit lng do khng kh mang vo :
Q2 = Lo.Io.
Trong :
Lo : Lng khng kh l thuyt cho qu trnh chy; Lo = 9,077 kg/kg than.
Io : Hm nhit ca khng kh vo bung t ; Io = 60,529 (kJ/kg kkk ).
: H s tha khng kh.
Q2 = 9,077.60,529.
= 549,994
(kJ)
c.Nhit lng do t 1 kg than :

Q3 = Qc.
Trong :
: hiu sut bung t = 0,9
Qc : Nhit tr cao ca than; Qc = 27611,812 kJ/kg
Q3 = 27611,812 .0,9 = 24850,631 (kJ)
Tng nhit lng vo bung t l :
Qv = Q1 + Q2 + Q3
25
SVTH : H Tt Linh
Khoa Cng Ngh Ha
= 23,673 + 549,994 +24850,631

= 24874,304 + 549,994 (kJ)
2.2.6.2. Nhit lng ra khi bung t v bung trn
Qr = Q4 + Q5 + Q6
Trong :
Q4 : Nhit do x mang ra.
Q5 : Nhit do khng kh mang ra khi bung t.
Q6 : Nhit mt mt ra mi trng.
a. Nhit do x mang ra :
Q4 = Gx.Cx.Tx
Trong :
Gx : Khi lng x to thnh khi t 1 kg than
Gx = Alv = 7,634.10-2 ( kg/kg than ).
Cx : Nhit dung ring ca x; Cx = 0,75 kJ/kgoC
( Bng I.144 162 STT1 ).
Tx : Nhit ca x, chn Tx = 150 0C
Q4 = 7,634.10-2.0,75.150 = 8,588 ( kJ )
b. Nhit lng do khi mang
Q5 = Gk.Ck.Tk
Trong :
Gkh : Khi lng ca cht kh trong l.
Ckh : Nhit dung ring ca khi l.
Tk : Nhit ca khi , Tk = 350C
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SVTH : H Tt Linh
Khoa Cng Ngh Ha
Ta c :
GSO2 .CSO2 GCO2 .CCO2 GN 2 .C N2 GO2 .CO2 GH 2O.CH 2O
GK
Ckh =
kJ/kgoC
( CT VII.42 112 STT2 )

GSO2 .C SO2 GCO2 CCO2 GN 2 C N 2 G02 CO2 GH 2OC H 2O
Q5 = (
).Tk (kJ)
Thnh phn khi lng cc kh khi t 1 kg nhin liu

( Theo T112 STT2 )
2
GCO = 0,0367.Clv = 0,0367.67,963 = 2,494 (kg/kg than)

2
GSO = 0,02.Slv
GN
= 0,02.3,387 = 0,068 (kg/kg than)
= 0,769..Lo + 0,01.Nlv
= 0,769. 9,077 + 0,01.1,430

= 6,980.
GO
+ 0,0143 (kg/kg than)
= 0,231.( -1 ).Lo
= 0,231.( - 1).9,077
= 2,088.( - 1)
G
H 2O
(kg/kg than)
= ( 9.Hlv + W ).10-2 + .Lo.xo

-2
= (9.3,628 + 3).10 +
= 0,357 + 0,154.
27
.9,077.0,014
(kg/kg than)
SVTH : H Tt Linh
Khoa Cng Ngh Ha
Nhit dung ring cc kh nhit 350C :

( Theo 313 - TTQTTBT2 )
2
CCO = ( 0,222 + 43.10-6.t1 ).4,187

= (0,222 + 43.10-6 .350).4,187
= 0,993 (kJ/kgC)
CO
= ( 0,216 + 166.10-7.t1 ).4,187

= (0,216 + 166. 10-7 .350).4,187
= 0,929 (kJ/kgC)
CN
= ( 0,246 +189.10-7.t1 ). 4,187

= ( 0,246 +189.10-7 .350).4,187
= 1,058 (kJ/kgC)
2
CSO = 0,19 kcal/kgoC = 0,796 kJ/kgoC

( Hnh I.157 197 STT1 )
CH
= ( 0,436 + 119.10-6.t1 ).4,187

=( 0,436 + 119.10-6 .350).4.187
= 1,9999 (kJ/kgC)
Thay cc gi tr trn vo ta c :
Q5 = 462,004 + 3371,402.
(kJ)
Nhit lng mt mt :
Q6 = Qmm = 5%.Qvo
28
SVTH : H Tt Linh
Khoa Cng Ngh Ha
Q6 = 0,05.( 24874,304 + 549,994. )

= 1243,715+ 27,4997 ( kJ )
Tng nhit lng ra khi bung t v bung trn
6
Qr = Q + Q +Q
= 8,588 + 462,004 + 3371,402.
= 1714,307 + 3398,902.
+1243,715 + 27,4997.
( kJ )
(kJ)
Cn bng nhit lng l t

Qv = Qr
24874,304 + 549,994
= 1714,304 + 3398,902
23160 = 2848,908
= 8,129
Kim tra li theo cng thc sau :
Qc . bd C t .t o (9.H lv W ).ia1 1 (9.H lv W A lv ) .C k .t1

Lo x o .(i a1 i a 0 ) C k .(t1 t 0 )
( T57 TTVTKHTS )
Trong :
Qc : Nhit tr cao ca than; Qc = 27611,812 ( kJ/kg ).
bd
: Hiu sut bung t y chng ta chn
bd
= 90% = 0,9.
Ct : Nhit dung ring ca than; Ct = 946,938.10-3 kJ/kgC.

29
SVTH : H Tt Linh
Khoa Cng Ngh Ha
to : Nhit khng kh; to = 25C.

t1 : Nhit ca khi ra khi bung trn; t1 =350C.
Ck: Nhit dung ring ca khi; Ck = 1,004 kJ/kgC.
Lo : Lng khng kh l thuyt t 1kg than;Lo= 9,077 kg/kg than.
xo : Hm m ca khng kh; xo = 0,014 kg/kg kkk.
ia1 : Entanpin ca nc trong khi;
ia1 = 2493 + 1,97.350= 3182,5 kJ/kg.
iao : Entapin ca nc trong khng kh.
iao = 2493 + 1,97.25 = 2542,25 kJ/kg.
27611,812.0,9 + 946,938.10 -3.25 - (9.3,628 + 3).10 -2 .3182,5

9,077 0,014.(3182,5 - 2542,25) 1,004.(350 - 25)
1 (9.3,628 3 7,634).102 .1,004.350

9,077. 0,014.(3182,5 2542,25) 1,004.(350 25)
= 7,735
Ta thy rng hai kt qu c s sai s, chn = 7,735
2.2.7. Trng thi ca khi trc khi vo thng sy
2.2.7.1. Nhit ca khi
t1 = 350C
2.2.7.2. Hm m ca khi
Khi lng khi kh sau bung ha trn :
Lk = .Lo + 1 ( Alv + 9Hlv + W )
(VII.40- STT2-111)
= 7,735.9,077 + 1 ( 7,634 + 9.3,628 + 3).10-2

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SVTH : H Tt Linh
Khoa Cng Ngh Ha
= 70,778 ( kg/kg than)

Lng hi nc cha trong khi :
Ga = ( 9.Hlv + Wd ) + .Lo.xo , ( kg/kg than )
= ( 9.3,628 + 3 ).10-2 + 7,735.9,077. 0,014
= 1,339 ( kg/kg than )
x =
Ga
Lk
1,339
70,778
x = 0,0189 (kg/kg kkk )

2.2.7.3. Hm nhit ca khi
I1 = t1 + ( 2493 + 1,97.t1 ).x1
= 350 + ( 2493 + 1,97.350 ).0,0189
= 410,149 ( kJ/kg kkk )
2.2.7.4. m
1
x1.P
(0,622 x1 ).Pbh
Trong :
12
Pbh = exp
4026,42
235,5 t1
12
= exp
4026,42
235,5 350
= 167,856 ( bar )
P =
760
750
( bar )

31
SVTH : H Tt Linh
Khoa Cng Ngh Ha
760
750
1
(0,622 0,0189). 167,856
0,0189.
1 = 1,87.10-4 = 0.0187%
Vy, trng thi ca khi l trc khi vo thng sy :
Nhit
: t1 = 350C
: 1 = 0,0187 %
Hm m : x1 = 0,0189 ( kg/kg kkk )

Hm nhit : I1 = 410,149 ( kJ/kg kkk )
CHNG 3
TNH TON THIT B CHNH
3.1. Cn bng vt liu
3.1.1. Lng m bay hi
W = G1. \f(W1-W2,100-W2 , ( kg/h)
Trong :
G1 : lng manganioxit vo thng sy; G1 = 1800 ( kg/h )
W1: m u ca vt liu; W1 = 20%
W2: m cui ca vt liu; W2 = 3%
W = 1800.
20 3
100 3
= 315,464 ( kg/h )
3.1.2. Lng manganioxit ra khi thng sy
G2 = G1 - W =1800 315,464 = 1484,536 ( kg/h )
32
SVTH : H Tt Linh
Khoa Cng Ngh Ha
3.2. Cc thng s c bn ca thng sy

3.2.1. Th tch ca thng sy
Vt = \f(W,A , ( m3 ) (CT VII.50 STT2-121)
Trong :
W : Lng m bay hi; W = 315,464 ( kg/h )
3
A : Cng bay hi m ca MnO2 chn A = 30 kg m/m h;

( Bng VII.3 122 STT2 )
Vt =
315,464
30
= 10,515 ( m3 )
3.2.2. Chiu di ,ng knh v b dy thng

3.2.2.1. Chiu di thng
4.Vt
Lt =
.Dt
( m ) (CT VII.51 STT2- 121)
Trong :
Vt : Th tch thng; Vt = 10,515 ( m3 )
Dt : ng knh trong ca thng, ( m )
Ta c
Lt
Dt
= 3,5 7
3
Lt =
Chn
Lt
Dt
4.25.10,515
=5
= 6,944 ( m ) ; Chn Lt = 7 ( m )
3.2.2.2. ng knh thng

7
Dt = 5 = 1,4 ( m )
33
SVTH : H Tt Linh
Khoa Cng Ngh Ha
Vy, th tch thc t ca thng :
Vt =
.Lt . Dt 2 .7.1, 4 2
4
4
= 10,77 ( m )
Vy cng bay hi m ca MnO2 l:

W 315,464
29,29( kg / m.h )
Vtt
10,77
Chn A =29 ( Kg/m.h)

3.2.2.3. Chiu dy thn thng
= ( 0,007 0,01 ).Dt ( m ) ( 10.15 83 THKMHCT1 )
chn = 0,01.Dt = 0,01.1,4 = 0,014 ( m )
3.2.3. Thi gian lu vt liu trong thng
Ta c:
120 (W1 W2 )
A.[200 (W1 W2 )
( ph ) (VII.53 123 STT2 )
Trong :
: Khi lng ring xp trung bnh ca vt liu trong thng;
= 724,32 kg/m3
(Bng 1.1 8 STT1).
W1,W2 : m u v cui ca vt liu; W1 = 20%, W2 = 3%
: H s cha y; chn = 0,2
A : Cng bay hi m; A = 29 ( kg m/m3.h ).

34
SVTH : H Tt Linh
120.0,2.724,32. 20 3
57,573
29. 200 20 3)
Khoa Cng Ngh Ha
(pht)
3.2.4. S vng quay ca thng
m.k .Lt
.Dt .tg
( vg/ph ) ( VII.52 122 STT2 )
Trong :
- : Gc nghing ca thng quay, . Thng gc nghing ca
thng di 2,53o, cn thng ngn n 6o, chn = 3o.
- m, k : H s ph thuc vo cu to cnh v chiu chuyn ng ca
kh trong
thng; theo ( Bng VIIA 122 STT2 ) ta c k = 0,6 v m = 1

- : Thi gian lu li ca vt liu trong thng quay
n
1.0,6.7
57,573.1,4.tg 3
= 0,994 ( vg/ph )
3.2.5. Cng sut cn thit quay thng

N = 0,13.10-2.Dt3.Lt.a.n. ( kW ) (VII.54 123 STT2 )
Trong :
n : S vng quay ca thng; n = 0,994 ( vg/ph )
: Khi lng ring xp trung bnh ca ct; = 724,32 ( kg/m3 )
Dt,Lt : ng knh v chiu di ca thng: Dt = 1,4 v Lt = 7 ( m )
a : H s; chn a = 0,063 ( Bng VII.3 123 STT2 )
N = 0,13.10-2.1,43.7.0,063.0,994.724,32 = 1,133 ( kW )
Cng sut ng c in
35
SVTH : H Tt Linh
Khoa Cng Ngh Ha
Nc = 1,25.N = 1,25.1,133 = 1,416 ( kW )

3.2.6. Cc thng s c bn ca thng sy
3.2.6.1. Cu to thn thng
Thn thng cu to t ba lp :
- Lp bo v : lm t vt liu l thp CT3, c chiu dy 1 = 0,002 ( m )
- Lp cch nhit : lm t vt liu l b tng xp, c chiu dy 2 = 0,06 ( m )
- Lp thn thng : lm t vt liu l thp CT3, c chiu dy 3 = 0,014 ( m )
3.2.6.2. ng knh thng
a. ng knh trong :
Dt = 1,4 ( m )
b.ng knh ngoi :
Dn = Dt + 2.( 1 + 2 + 3 )
= 1,4 + 2.( 0,002 + 0,06 + 0,014 ) = 1,552 ( m )
3.2.6.3. Chiu di thng
Lt = 7 ( m )
3.2.6.4. Loi cnh
Loi chia khoang c cnh nng.
3.2.6.5. Tc quay
n = 0,994 ( vg/ph )
3.3. Qu trnh sy l thuyt
3.3.1. Trng thi ca khi ra khi thng sy
3.3.1.1. Nhit
t2 = 60oC.
36
SVTH : H Tt Linh
Khoa Cng Ngh Ha
3.3.1.2. Hm nhit
I2 = I1 = 410,149 ( kJ/kg kkk )
3.3.1.3. Hm m
410,149 60
2 2493 1,97.60
= 0,134 ( kg/kg kkk )

3.3.1.4. m
2
x2 . P
(0,622 x2 ).Pbh
Trong :
bh
P =
4026,42
exp 12
235,5 t 2
4026,42
exp 12
235,5 60
= 0,197 ( bar )
760
750
2
0,9117 91,17
0,622 0,134 .0,197
0,134.
Vy trng thi ca khi ra khi thng sy l :

t2 = 60oC
2 = 91,17 %
x2 = 0,134 ( kg/kg kkk )
I2 = 410,149 ( kJ/kg kkk )
3.3.2. Cn bng nhit lng ca qu trnh sy
qo = lo.( I2 Io ) = lo.( I1 Io ) ( 7.38 290 QTTBT4 )
37
SVTH : H Tt Linh
Khoa Cng Ngh Ha
Trong :
qo : Nhit lng tiu hao ring
lo : Lng khi cn bc hi 1 kg m
lo =
1
1
x 2 xo 0,134 0,014
= 8,333 ( kg/kg m )
Tng lng khi cn thit :
Lo = lo.W = 8,333.315.464
= 2628,762 ( kg kkk/h )
Nhit lng cn thit bc hi 1kg m :
qo = lo.( I2 Io ) = 8,333.( 410,149 60,592 )
= 2912,858 ( kJ/kg m )
Nhit lng tiu hao cho qu trnh sy :
Q = qo.W = 2912,858. 315,464
= 918815,714 ( kJ/h )
3.4. Qu trnh sy thc t
3.4.1. Nhit tn tht ra mi trng
qmt
3, 6.F .K .ttb
W
( kJ/kg m ) ( 7.41 142 TTVTKHTS ).
Trong :
K : H s truyn nhit ( W/m2.oC )
F : Tng din tch bao quanh thng sy ( m2 )
W : Lng m bay hi ( kg/h )
38
SVTH : H Tt Linh
Khoa Cng Ngh Ha
ttb : Hiu s nhit trung bnh ( oC )

3.4.1.1. Xc nh h s truyn nhit K
K
1
1
1

1
2
( W/m2.oC ).
Trong :
1 : H s cp nhit i lu gia khi v thnh thng ( W/m2.oC ).
2 : H s cp nhit i lu gia thnh thng v mi trng ( W/m2.oC ).
: Chiu dy ca cc lp thnh thng ( m ).
: H s dn nhit ca cc lp ( W/m.oC ).
a. Xc nh 1
1 = k.( 1 + 1 ) ( W/m2.oC ).
Trong :
k : H s nhm; k = ( 1,2 1,3 ), chn k = 1,2
1 : H s cp nhit t tc nhn sy n thnh thit b do i lu cng bc
1 : H s cp nhit t tc nhn sy n thnh thit b do i lu t nhin
a.1 Xc nh 1 :
Lu lng th tch ca khi trong thng :
Vi = vi.Lo ( m3/h )
Trong :
vi : Th tch khng kh m ( m3/kg kkk )
Lo : Lng khi tiu tn chung cho thng sy; Lo = 2628,762 ( kg kkk/h )
Theo 318I 255 STT1 ta c :
39
SVTH : H Tt Linh
Khoa Cng Ngh Ha
- Lu lng th tch ca khi vo thng :

t1 350 C
1 0,0178%
=0,566 (Kg/m3) V
= 1,767 ( m3/kg kkk ).
V1 = 1,767. 2628,762 = 4645,002 ( m3/h ).
- Lu lng th tch ca kh ra khi thng :

t 2 60 C
2 19,8%
=1,060 (Kg/m3) V2
= 0,943 ( m3/kh kkk ).
V2 = 0,943.2628,762 = 2478,923 ( m3/h ).

- Lu lng th tch trung bnh ca khi :
Vtb =
V1 V2 4645,022 2478,923
3561,973
2
2
( m3/h ).
Tit din t do ca thng :

Ftd = ( 1 ).Fts ( m2 ).
Trong :
: H s cha y; = 0,2.
Fts = Tit din thng ( m2 )
Fts =
2
.Dt .1,4 2 1,539
4
4
( m2 ).
Ftd = ( 1 0,2 ).1,539 = 1,231 ( m2 ).

Tc trung bnh ca khi i trong thng :

40
SVTH : H Tt Linh
wtb
Khoa Cng Ngh Ha
Vtb
3561,973
0,804
Ftd 1,231.3600
( m/s ).
Chun s Re :
Re
w tb .Dt
Trong :
wtb : Vn tc trung bnh ca khi i trong thng; wtb = 0,804 ( m/s ).
Dt : ng knh trong ca thng; Dt = 1,4 ( m ).
: nht ng ca khi ph thuc vo nhit trung bnh ca
khi( m2/s ).
- Nhit trung bnh ca khi :
t tb
350 60
205 C
2
Theo bng I.255 318 STT1 : = 3,964.
Re
10 2
= 35,462.
( W/m.oC )
10 6
0,804.1,4
31741,019
35,462.10 6
>
( m2/s ).
10 4
Vy, ch chuyn ng ca khi l chy xoy.

Chun s Nu :
Nu = 0,018.Re0,8. ( 4.32 198 TTQTVTBT1 ).
Trong :
41
SVTH : H Tt Linh
: H s ph thuc vo t s
Khoa Cng Ngh Ha
Lt
Dt
Theo bng V.2 15 STT2 ta c :

Lt
5
Dt
Re 31741,019
= 1,235
0 ,8
Nu = 0,018.31741,019 .1,235 = 88,764
Ta c :
1
'
Nu.. 88,764.3,964.10 2
2,513
Dt
1,4
(W/m
. C
a.2. Xc nh 1
Chun s Gr :
Gr
g .D 3 t .t
2 .T
Trong :
g : Gia tc trng trng; g = 9,81 ( m/s2 ).
Dt : ng knh trong ca thng sy; Dt = 1,4 ( m ).
t : Hiu s nhit ca khi v thnh bn trong thng.
Gi thit nhit trung bnh thnh bn trong thng l 125oC
t = 205 125 = 80oC
T : Nhit tuyt i ca khi; T = 125 + 273 = 573oK.
: nht ng hc ca khi ( m2/s ).

42
SVTH : H Tt Linh
Khoa Cng Ngh Ha
Nhit trung bnh ca lp ngn cch :

tn
205 125
160 C
2
Ni suy t Bng I.225 318 STT1

Vi nhit
160 C
ta c : = 3,64.10
30,09.10 6
Gr
( W/m.oC ),
( m2/s ).
9,81.1,4 3.80
2,848.1010
6
(30,09.10 ).398
Chun s Nu :
Nu = 0,47.( Gr )0,25 = 0,47.( 2,848.1010 )0,25 = 193,078
1 "
Nu. 193,078.3,64.10 2
5,02
Dt
1,4
( W/m2.oC ).
Vy :
1 = 1,2.( 2,513 + 5,02 ) = 9,0396 ( W/m2.oC ).
b. Xc nh 2
2 = 2 + 2 ( W/m2.oC ).
Trong :
2 : H s cp nhit t thnh thit b ra mi trng do i lu t nhin
(W/m2.oC)
2 : H s cp nhit t thnh thit b ra mi trng do bc x ( W/m2.oC ).
b.1. Xc nh 2
Chun s Gr :
43
SVTH : H Tt Linh
Gr
Khoa Cng Ngh Ha
g.Dn3 .t
2 .T
Trong :
Dn : ng knh ngoi cng ca thng ( m ); Dn = 1,552 ( m ).
Thnh thng sy gm 3 lp :
- Lp trong cng lm bng thp CT3 c : 3 = 0,014 ( m ), 1 = 49
( W/m.oC )
( I.126 128 STT1 )
- Lp cch nhit lm bng b tng xp c : 2 = 0,06 ( m ), 2 =
0,93( W/m.oC ).
- Lp bo v lm bng thp CT3 c : 1 = 0,002 ( m ), 3 = 49 ( W/m.oC ).
t : Hiu s nhit gia thnh ngoi thit b v mi trng ( oC ).
Nhit thnh ngoi thit b chn 55oC.
Nhit mi trng l 25oC.
t = 55 25 = 30oC.
: nht ng hc ca kh ( m2/s ).
Nhit lp bin gia khng kh v thnh ngoi thit b :

tb
55 25
40 C
2
Vi nhit ny ta c : = 2,76.10-2 ( W/m.oC )
= 16,96.10-6 ( m2/s ).
T : nhit tuyt i ca khng kh; T = 25 + 273 = 2980K.

SVTH : H Tt Linh
44
Gr
Khoa Cng Ngh Ha
9,81.1,5523.30
1,284.1010
298.(16,96.106 ) 2
Chun s Nu :
Nu = 0,47.Gr0,25 = 0,47.( 1,284.1010 )0,25 = 158,212.
Ta c :
2'
Nu. 158, 212.2,76.10 2
2,814
Dn
1,552
b.2. Xc nh
( W/m2.oC ).
2"
4
T 4
T
.Co . 1 2
100 100
2''
T1 T2
( 4.79 218 TTQTTBT1 )
Trong :
Co : H s bc x ca vt liu en tuyt i;
Co = 5,76 ( W/m2.(K)4 ) ( 48 QTTBT3 ).
: Mc en tuyt i ca b mt ngoi thng;
= 0,95 ( PL19 354 TTQTTBT1 ).
T1, T2 : Nhit tuyt i ca b mt ngoi thng v mi trng;
T1 = 55 + 273 = 318oK
T2 = 25 + 273 = 298oK

45
SVTH : H Tt Linh
''
328 4 298 4
0,95.5,76.

100
100
6,727
328 298
Khoa Cng Ngh Ha
( W/m2.oC ).
Vy :
2 = 2,814 + 6,727 = 9,541 ( W/m2.oC ).
H s truyn nhit ca qu trnh :
K
1
3,568
1
0,014 0,002 0,06
1
9,0396
49
0,93 9,541
( W/m2.oC ).
3.4.1.2. Din tch xung quanh thng sy

F . Dn .Lt 2.
. Dn
. .1,552 2
.1,552.7 2
37,895
4
4
( m2 ).
3.4.1.3. Hiu s nhit trung bnh

ttb
1 2
ln 1
2
( oC ).
Trong :
1 = t1 tvl1
Vi : t1 : Nhit ca khi vo thng sy; t1 = 350oC.
tvl1: Nhit ca ct vo thng sy; tvl1 = 25oC.
1 = 350 25 = 325oC
2 = t2 tvl2
Vi : t1 : Nhit ca khi ra khi thng sy; t2 = 60oC.
tvl2: Nhit ca ct ra khi thng sy; tvl2 = 50oC.
46
SVTH : H Tt Linh
Khoa Cng Ngh Ha
2 = 60 50 = 10oC
325 10
90,485 C
325
ln
10
Vy :
qmt
3,6.37,895.3,568.90,485
139,616
315,464
( kJ/kg m ).
3.4.2. Tn tht do manganioxit mang ra khi thng sy

qvl
Gvl .Cvl .(tvl 2 tvl1 )

W
( kJ/kg m ).
Trong :
Gvl : Khi lng ca vt liu ra khi l; Gvl =1484,536 ( kg ).
Cvl : Nhit dung ring ca vt liu
Cvl = Cvlk.( 1 W2 ) + Ca.W2
Vi : Cvlk : Nhit dung ring ca vt liu kh 50 0C;
Cvlk = 0,0223 ( Kcal/Kg.0C ) = 0,0932 ( kJ/kg.oC ).
( Bng I.144 162 STT1)
Ca
: Nhit dung ring ca nc; Ca = 4,18 ( kJ/kg.oC ).
W2 : m cui ca vt liu; W2 = 3%.

Cvl = 0,0932.( 1 0,03 ) + 4,18.0,03 = 0,216 ( kJ/kg.oC ).
tvl1, tvl2 : Nhit ca vt liu vo v ra khi thng sy; tvl1 = 25oC, tvl2 = 50oC.
W : Lng m bay hi; W = 315,464 ( kg/h ).

47
SVTH : H Tt Linh
qvl
Khoa Cng Ngh Ha
1484,536.0,216.(50 25)
25,412
315,464
( kJ/kg m )
3.4.3. Xc nh gi tr (Lng nhit b sung thc t)
q
= qb + Ca.to -
( 7.38 292 QTTBT4 ).
Trong :
qb : Nhit lng b sung trong caloriphe b sung; qb = 0.
Ca : Nhit dung ring ca nc; Ca = 4,18 ( kJ/kg.oC ).
to
: Nhit vt liu trc khi vo thng sy; to = 25oC.
q
: Tng nhit mt mt
q
= qmt + qvl =139,616 + 25,412 = 165,028 ( kJ/kg m ).
= 4,18.25 165,028 = - 60,528 ( kJ/kg m ).
3.4.4. Trng thi ca khi ra khi thng sy
3.4.4.1. Nhit
t2 = 60oC.
3.4.4.2. Hm m
x2
Ck .(t2 t1 ) xo .(ia1 )
(ia 2 )
( 7.31 138 TTVTKHTS ).
Trong :
Ck : Nhit dung ring ca khi; Ck = 1,004 ( kJ/kg.oC ).
t1, t2 : Nhit ca khi vo v ra khi thng sy; t1 = 350oC, t2 = 60oC.
SVTH : H Tt Linh
48
Khoa Cng Ngh Ha
xo : Hm m ca khng kh; xo = 0,014 ( kg/kg kkk ).

ia1 : Entapin ca hi nc trong khi vo thng sy;
ia1 = 2493 + 1,97.350 =3182,5 ( kJ/kg ).
ia2 : Entapin ca hi nc trong khi ra khi thng sy;
ia2 = 2493 + 1,97.60 = 2611,2 ( kJ/kg ).
= -60,528 ( kJ/kg m ).
x2
1,004.(350 60) 0,014.(3182,5 60,528)

0,126
2611,2 60,528
( kg/kg kkk ).
3.4.4.3. m
4026, 42
Pbh 2 exp 12
0,197
235,5 60
( bar ).
760
.0,126
750
2
0,8665 86,65
0,197.(0.622 0,126)
%
3.4.4.4. Hm nhit
I2 = t2 +( 2493 +1,97.t2 )x2
I2 = 60 + ( 2493 + 1,97.60 ).0,126 = 389,011 ( kJ/kg kkk ).

Vy, trng thi ca khi ra khi thng sy l :
t2 = 60oC.
x2 = 0,126 ( kg/kg kkk ).
2 = 86,65%.
I2 = 389,011 ( kJ/kg kkk ).

49
SVTH : H Tt Linh
Khoa Cng Ngh Ha
3.4.5. Lng khi cn thit bc hi 1 kg m

l
1
1
9,377
x 2 x1 0,126 0,0189
( kg/kg m ).
Tng lng khi cn thit :

l W
L= .
= 9,377.315,464 = 2945,487( kg/h )
3.4.6. Lng than cn thit cho qu trnh

Lng khi thu c khi t 1 kg than:
9. H lv W . Alv
9.4,062 4.6,912
Gk .. L 1
7,735.9,077 1
70,569
100
100
( kg/kg
than )
Lng than cn thit :
m
L 2945,487
41,739
Gk
70,569
( kg/h ).
3.4.7. Cn bng nhit lng trong thit b sy

Qv = Q1 + Q2 ( kJ/h ).
Trong :
Q1 : Lng nhit do ct mang vo, kJ/h.
Q2 : Lng nhit do khi mang vo, kJ/h.
a. Lng nhit do ct mang vo
Q1 = Gvl.Cvl.tvl1 ( kJ/h ).
Trong :
Gvl : Lng MnO2 vo thng sy; Gvl = 1800 ( kg/h ).
50
SVTH : H Tt Linh
Khoa Cng Ngh Ha
Cvl : Nhit dung ring ca MnO2 vo thng;

Cvl = 0,0932.( 1 0,2 ) + 4,18.0,2 = 0,911 ( kJ/kg.oC).
tvl1 : Nhit u ca MnO2; tvl1 = 25oC.
Q1 = 1800.0,911.25 = 40995 ( kJ/h ).
b. Nhit lng do khi mang vo
Q2 = m.Q5 ( kJ/h ).
Trong :
m : Lng than cn t trong 1h; m = 41,739 ( kg/h ).
Q5 : Lng nhit do khi mang ra khi bung trn khi t 1kg than
Q5 = 462,004+ 3371,402.7,735 = 26539,798 ( kJ/kg than ).
Q2 = 41,739. 26539,798 = 1107744,629 ( kJ/h ).
Qv = 40995 + 1107744,629 = 1148739,629 ( kJ/h ).
3.4.8. Kim tra lng nhit mt mt ra mi trng
Ta c : Qmt = qmt.W = 139,616.315.464 = 44043,822 ( kJ/h ).
Xt :
Q mt
44043,822
0,0383 3,83
Q v 71148739,629
Vy, lng nhit mt mt Qmt < 5% Qv.

3.4.9. Lng nhit cn cung cp cho thng sy
Q = L.( I1 Io ) = 2945,487.( 410,149 60,592 ) = 1,0296.106 ( kJ/h )

51
SVTH : H Tt Linh
Khoa Cng Ngh Ha
CHNG 4
TNH TON C KH
4.1. Tnh ton h thng dn ng
4.1.1. Tnh ton v la chn ng c
Cng sut cn thit quay thng l : Pt = Nt = 1,133 ( kW )
Cng sut trn trc ng c :
Pct
Pt
( kW ) (2.8-TTTKHTCKT1-17 )
Trong :
: Hiu sut truyn ng.

21.2 .3
Vi :
1 : Hiu sut ca mt cp ln.
2 : Hiu sut ca hp gim tc bnh rng tr hai cp.
3 : Hiu sut ca b truyn bnh rng tr.
Theo bng 2.3 - T19 TTTKHTDCKT1
ta c :
1 : = 0,99 0,995
2 : = 0,96 0,98
3 : = 0,960,98
Chn : 1 = 0,99; 2 = 0,96; 3 = 0,96
= 0,992.0,96.0,96 = 0,9
52
SVTH : H Tt Linh
Pct
1,133
1,26
0,9
Khoa Cng Ngh Ha
( kW ).
Theo Bng P.1.3 237 TTTKHTDCKT1 ta chn ng c 4A112MA8Y3

vi cng sut Pc = 2,2 ( kW ), tc nc = 750 ( vg/ph )
4.1.2. Tnh ton ng hc h thng dn ng c kh
4.1.2.1. Xc nh t s truyn ca h thng dn ng
ut
ndc
nt
( 3.23 48 TTTKHTDCKT1 ).
Trong :
nc : S vng quay ca ng c; nc = 750 ( vg/ph ).
nt : S vng quay ca thng; nt = 0,994 ( vg/ph ).
ut
750
709,256
0,994
4.1.2.2. Phn t s truyn ca h dn ng

ut = un . uh
Trong :
un : T s truyn ca b truyn bnh rng tr
uh : T s truyn ca hp gim tc bnh rng tr hai cp
Theo bng 2.4 21 TTTKHTDCKT1
uh = 8 40 chn uh = 30
un
u t 709,256
23,642
uh
30

53
SVTH : H Tt Linh
Khoa Cng Ngh Ha
4.1.2.3. S vng quay ca bnh rng ch ng

nbr1 = un.nt
( 49 TTTKHTDCKT1 ).
Trong :
un : T s truyn h b truyn bnh rng tr; un = 23,642
nt : S vng quay ca thng; nt = 0,994 ( vg/ph ).
nbr1 = 23,642.0,994 = 23,5( vg.ph )
4.1.2.4. Cng sut trn trc bnh rng ch ng
Ph = Pc.12.2
Trong :
Pc : Cng sut ca ng c; Pc = 2,2 ( kW ).
1 : Hiu sut ca mt cp ln; 1 = 0,99.
2 : Hiu sut ca hp gim tc bnh rng tr hai cp; 2 = 0,96.
Ph = 2,2.0,992.0,96 = 2,07 ( kW ).
4.1.2.5. Momen quay trn trc ca bnh rng ch ng
T1 9,55.106.
P1
n1
( 49 TTTKHTDCKT1 )
Trong :
P1 : Cng sut trn trc ca bnh rng ch ng; P1 = 2,07 ( kW ).
n1 : S vng quay ca bnh rng ch ng; n1 = 23,5 ( vg/ph ).
T1 9,55.10 6.
2,07
841212,766
23,5
( N.mm ).
4.2. Tnh ton b truyn ng bnh rng

La chn b truyn ng bnh rng tr 2 cp rng thng.
54
SVTH : H Tt Linh
Khoa Cng Ngh Ha
4.2.1. Chn vt liu

Vi nng sut thng l 1800 kg/h, theo Bng 6.1 92
TTTKHTDCKT1 chn vt liu lm bnh rng nh sau :
- Bnh rng nh : Chn thp 45 ti ci thin c rn HB = 192240
Chn HB=225
- Bnh rng ln : Chn thp 45 thng ha c rn HB = 170217
Chn HB =215
4.2.2. Xc nh ng sut cho php
4.2.2.1. ng sut tip xc
H Ho lim .
K HL
SH
( MPa ) ( 6.1a 93 TTTKHTDCKT1 )
Trong :
- oHlim : ng sut tip xc cho php ng vi s chu k c s
Theo Bng 6.2 94 TTTKHTDCKT1 ta c oHlim = 2.HB + 70 ( MPa )
- SH : H s an ton khi tnh v tip xc;
Theo Bng 6.2 94 TTTKHTDCKT1 ta c SH = 1,1.
- KHL : H s tui th, xt n nh hng ca thi gian phc v v ch
ti trng ca b truyn; Ly gn ng KHL = 1.
Vy :
Vi bnh rng nh : HB = 225
H 1 (2.225 70).
1
472,73
1,1
( MPa ).
Vi bnh rng ln : HB = 215

55
SVTH : H Tt Linh

H 2 2.215 70 .
Khoa Cng Ngh Ha
1
454,54
1,1
( MPa )
Theo 95 TTTKHTDCKT1, khi tnh truyn ng bnh rng tr rng thng

ta c :
[H] = min ( [H1];[H2] ) = min ( 472,73; 454,54 ) = 454,54 ( MPa )
4.2.2.2. ng sut un
F Fo lim .K FC .
K FL
SF
( 6.2a 93 TTTKHTDCKT1 ).
Trong :
- oFlim :ng sut cho php ng vi s chu k c s; oFlim = 1,8.HB ( MPa )
- SF : H s an ton v un; SF = 1,75
( Theo 6.2 94 TTTKHTDCKT1)
- KFC : H s nh hng n hng t ti
Theo 93 TTTKHTDCKT1 vi b truyn quay mt chiu ta c KFC = 1.
- KFL : H s tui th, xt n nh hng thi gian phc v v ch ti
ca b truyn; Ly gn ng KFL = 1.
Vy :
Vi bnh rng nh : HB = 225
F 1 1,8.225.1.
1
231, 43
1, 75
( MPa )
Vi bnh rng ln : HB = 215

F 2 1,8.215.1.

56
1
221,14
1,75
( MPa )
SVTH : H Tt Linh
Khoa Cng Ngh Ha
4.2.2.3. ng sut qu ti cho php

ng sut tip xc :
[H]max = 2,8.ch2 ( 6.13 95 TTTKHTDCKT1 )
Trong :
ch2 : Gii hn chy ca bnh rng ln; ta c ch2 = 340 ( MPa )
(Theo bng 6.1 92 TTTKHTDCKT1)
[H]max = 2,8.340 = 952 ( MPa )
ng sut un cho php khi qua ti :
Theo 6.14 96 TTTKHTDCKT1 ta c :
[F1]max = 0,8.ch1
[F2]max = 0,8.ch2
Trong :
ch1 : Gii hn chy ca bnh rng nh; ch1 = 450 ( MPa ).
[F1]max = 0,8.450 = 360 ( MPa )
[F2]max = 0,8.340 = 272 ( MPa )
4.2.3. Cc thng s c bn ca b truyn
4.2.3.1. Khong cch trc
aw ka .(un 1). 3
T1.K HB
.un . ba
( mm ) ( 6.15a96 TTTKHTDCKT1 ).
V bnh rng n khp ngoi nn:

57
SVTH : H Tt Linh
aw ka .(un 1). 3
Khoa Cng Ngh Ha
T1.K HB
.un . ba
( mm ).
Trong :
- ka : H s ph thuc vo vt liu ca cp bnh rng v loi rng.
Theo Bng 6.5 96 TTTKHTDCKT1 ta c vi vt liu ca cp bnh
rng l thp thp v loi rng l rng thng th ka = 49,5.
- un : T s truyn ca b truyn bnh rng tr; un = 23,642.
- T1 : Momen xon trn trc bnh rng nh; T1 = 841212,766 ( N.mm ).
-K
: H s k n s phn b ti trng trn chiu rng vnh rng khi
tnh v tip xc; Theo Bng 6.7 98 TTTKHTDCKT1 ta c K
= 1,07.
- [H] : ng sut tip xc cho php; [H] = 454,54 ( MPa ).

-
ba
: Tr s; Theo bng 6.6 97 TTTKHTDCKT1
ta c
ba
= 0,30,5 khi H1 v H2 <350 HB; chn
a w 49,5. 23,642 1.3
ba
=0,3
841212,766.1,07
1036,878
454,54 2.23,642.0,3
( mm ).
4.2.3.2. Cc thng s n khp
a. Xc nh moun
m = ( 0,01 0,02 ).aw ( mm ) ( 6.17 97 TTTKHTDCKT1 ).
= ( 0,01 0,02 ). 1036,878 = ( 10,37 20,74 ).
Chn m = 12 ( mm ).
b. S rng ca bnh rng
58
SVTH : H Tt Linh
Khoa Cng Ngh Ha
S rng ca bnh rng nh :

z1
2.aw
[m.(un 1)]
z1
2.1036,878
7,013
12. 23,642 1
; Chn z1 =7.
S rng ca bnh rng ln :

z2 = un.z1 = 23,642.7 = 165,494; Chn z2 = 166
Tnh li aw :
a w m.
z1 z 2
7 166
12.
1038
2
2
( mm ); Chn aw = 1037 ( mm ).
4.2.3.3. ng knh rng

Theo Bng 6.11 104 TTTKHTDCKT1 ta c :
a. ng knh vng chia
Bnh rng nh :
d1
m. z1 12.7
84
cos cos 0
( mm ).
cos = 0 v l rng thng

Bnh rng ln :
d2
m. z 2 12.166
1992
cos
cos 0
( mm ).
b. ng knh nh rng
da1 = d1 + 2.m = 84 + 2.12 = 108 ( mm )
59
SVTH : H Tt Linh
Khoa Cng Ngh Ha
da2 = d2 + 2.m = 1992 + 2.12 = 2016 ( mm ).

ng knh y rng :
df1 = d1 2,5.m = 84 2,5.12 = 54 ( mm ).
df2 = d2 2,5.m = 1992 2,5.12 = 1962 ( mm ).
Ta c ng knh ngoi ca thng l 1552 ( mm ). Vy, khong cch gia
thng v bnh rng l :
d = df2 Dn = 1962 1552 = 410 ( mm ).
Khong cch ny c th chp nhn c.
4.2.3.4. Kim nghim rng v bn tip xc
ng sut tip xc xut hin trn mt rng ca b truyn :
H Z M .Z H .Z .
2.T1.(un 1)
2
bw .un .d w1
(MPA) ( 6.33 105 TTTKHTDCKT1).
Trong :
- ZM : H s k n c tnh vt liu ca cc bnh rng n khp;
Theo Bng 6.5 96 TTTKHTDCKT1 ta c ZM = 274 ( MPa1/3 ).
- ZH : H s k n hnh dng b mt tip xc;
ZH
2.cos b
sin(2. tw )
+ Vi : b : Gc nghing ca rng trn hnh tr c s;

tgb = cos1.tg ( 6.35 105 TTTKHTDCKT1 ).
+Vi 1 v tw tnh theo cc cng thc
1 = arctg( tg/cos ) l gc profinrang
60
SVTH : H Tt Linh
Khoa Cng Ngh Ha
1 = arccos(a.cos 1/a w) gc n khp

l gc profin gc. theo TCVN 1065-71, =20O
i vi bnh nghing khng dch chnh
1 = tw = arctg( tg/cos ) ( 105 TTTKHTDCKT1 ).
Theo Bng 6.11 104 TTTKHTDCKT1 ta c : = 20o.
V rng thng nn = 0.
1 = tw = arctg( tg 20/cos0 ) = 20o
tgb = cos20.tg0 = 0
b = 0.
ZH
2.cos0
1,76
sin(2.20)
- Z : H s k n s trng khp ca rng;

Z
(4 )
3
( 6.36a 105 TTTKHTDCKT1 ).
Vi : H s trng khp ngang;

[1,88 3, 2.(
1 1
)].cos
z1 z2
1 1
1,88 3,2. 7 166
( 6.38b 105 TTTKHTDCKT1 ).
. cos 0 1,404
4 1,404
0,93
3
- KH : H s ti trng khi tnh v tip xc;

61
SVTH : H Tt Linh
Khoa Cng Ngh Ha
KH = KH.KH.KHv ( 6.39 106 TTTKHTDCKT1 ).

Vi :
+KH : H s k n s phn b khng u ti trng trn chiu rng vnh
rng;
Theo Bng 6.7 98 TTTKHTDCKT1 ta c KH = 1,07
+ KH : H s k n s phn b khng u ti trng cho cc i rng ng
thi n khp; Vi rng thng ta c KH = 1.
+ KHv : H s k n ti trng xut hin trong vng n khp, ph thuc vo
vn tc vng rng;
v
.d w1 .n1
6000
( m/s ).
Trong :
dw1 : ng knh vng bnh rng nh;
Theo Bng 6.11 104 TTTKHTDCKT1 ta c :
dw1
2.a w
2.1037
84,165
un 1 23,642 1
( mm )
n1 : S vng quay ca bnh rng ch ng; n1 = 23,5 (vg/ph ).

v
.84,165.23,5
1,035
6000
( m/s ).
Theo Bng P.2.3 250 TTTKHTDCKT1 vi cp chnh xc l 9 ta c

KHv = 1,07
KH = 1,07.1.1,07= 1,145
T1 : Momen xon trn trc bnh rng ch ng; T1 = 841212,766( N.mm ).
62
SVTH : H Tt Linh
Khoa Cng Ngh Ha
un : T s truyn ca b bnh rng tr; un = 23,642.

bw : Chiu rng vnh rng;
bw ba .a w 0,3.1037 311,1
H 274.1,76.0,93.
( mm ).
2.841212,766. 23,642 1
400,063
311,1.23,642.84,1652
(MPa ) < [H] = 454,45

(MPa ).
Vy bn un m bo.
4.2.3.5. Kim nghim rng v bn un
ng sut un sinh ra ti chn rng :
F1
F2
2.T1.K F .Y .Y .YF 1
bw .d w1.m
F 1.YF 2
YF 1
Trong :
T1 : Momen xon trn bnh rng ch ng; T1 = 841212,766 ( N.mm ).
m : Modun php; m = 12 ( mm ).
bw : Chiu rng vnh rng; bw = 311,1 ( mm ).
dw1 : ng knh vng ln bnh rng ch ng; dw1 = 84,165 ( mm ).
Y : H s k n s trng khp ca rng;
Y
Vi : H s trng khp ngang; = 1,404

63
SVTH : H Tt Linh
Khoa Cng Ngh Ha
1
0,712
1,404
Y : H s k n nghing ca rng; Vi rng thng Y = 1.

YF1 , YF2 : H s rng ca bnh rng nh v bnh rng ln ph thuc vo s
rng tng ng;
Theo bng 6.18 109 TTTKHTDCKT1 ta c : YF1 = 4,26
YF2 = 3,6.
KF : H s ti trng khi tnh v un;
KF = KF.KF.KFv ( 6.45 109 TTTKHTDCKT1 ).
Vi :
KF : H s k n s phn b khng ng u ti trng trn chiu rng vnh
rng khi tnh v un; Theo bng 6.7 98 TTTKHTDCKT1 ta c KF = 1,16.
KF : H s k n s phn b khng u ti trng cho cc i rng ng thi
n khp khi tnh v un, vi rng thng KF = 1.
KFv : H s k n ti trng ng xut hin trong vng n khp khi tnh v
un.
K Fv 1
F .bw .d w1
2.T1.K F .K F
F F .go .v.
Vi :
aw
un
Theo bng 6.15 107 TTTKHTDCKT1, F = 0,016.

Theo bng 6.16 107 TTTKHTDCKT1, go = 100.
v : Vn tc vng rng; v = 1,035 ( m/s ).
64
SVTH : H Tt Linh
v F 0,016.100.1,035.
K Fv 1
Khoa Cng Ngh Ha
1037
10,967
23,642
10,967.311,1.84,165
1,147
2.841212,766.1,16.1
K F 1,16.1.1,147 1,331
2.841212,766.1,331.0,712.1.4,26
21,617 MPa F 1 231,43 MPa
311.1.84,165.12
3,6
21,617.
18,268 MPa F 2 221,14 MPa
4,26
F1
F2
Vy bn tip xc m bo.
4.2.3.6. Kim nghim rng v qu ti
Khi lm vic bnh rng c th b qu ti vi h s qu ti l Kqt = Tmax/T,
Chn Kqt = 2
a. ng sut tip xc cc i
H max H . K qt 454,54. 2 462,82 MPa H max 952 MPa
.
b. ng sut un cc i
F1max = F1.Kqt = 21,617.2 = 43,234 ( MPa ) < [F1max] = 360 ( MPa ).
F2max = F2.Kqt = 18,268. 2 = 36,536 ( MPa ) < [F2max] = 272 ( MPa ).
Vy bn m bo.
4.2.3.7. Cc thng s kch thc ca b truyn bnh rng tr
Khong cch trc : aw = 1037 mm.
65
SVTH : H Tt Linh
Khoa Cng Ngh Ha
Modun php : m = 12 mm.

Chiu rng vnh rng : bw = 311,1 mm.
T s truyn : un = 23,642.
S rng : z1 = 7, z2 = 166.
ng knh nh rng : da1 = 108 mm; da2 = 2016 mm.
ng knh y rng : df1 = 54 mm; df2 = 1962 mm.
Vt liu lm bnh rng :
- Bnh nh : Thp 45 ti ci thin.
- Bnh ln : Thp 45 thng ha.
4.3. Kim tra bn thn thng
4.3.1. Trng lng ca vt liu trong thng
Gvl
G1.g .
60
( N ) ( 89 TTTKMHCT1 ).
Trong :
G1 : Nng sut ca thng; G1 = 1800 ( kg/h ).
: Thi gian lu ca vt liu trong thng; = 57,573 ( ph ).
Gvl
1800.9,81.57,573
16943,734
60
( N ).
4.3.2. Trng lng thng rng
Gt = .g.Lt.{[(Dt+2.3)2Dt2+Dn2(Dn 2.1 )2].1 +[(Dn 2.1)2(Dt+ 23)2].2}( N ).
Trong :
66
SVTH : H Tt Linh
Khoa Cng Ngh Ha

Lt : Chiu di thng; Lt = 7 ( m ).
Dt : ng knh trong ca thng; Dt = 1,4 ( m ).
Dn : ng knh ngoi ca thng; Dn = 1,552 ( m ).
1 : dy lp bo v thng; 1 = 0,002 ( m ).
2 : dy lp cch nhit; 2 = 0,06 ( m ).
3 : dy thn thng; 3 = 0,014 ( m ).
1 : Khi lng ring ca thp CT3; 1 = 7850 ( kg/m3 ).
2 : Khi lng ring ca b tng xp; 2 = 1500 ( kg/m3 ).
Gt =
.7.9,81.{[( 1,4 + 2.0,014 )2 1,42 + 1,5522 ( 1,552 2.0,002 )2].7850
+ [( 1,552 2.0,002 )2 ( 1,4 +2. 0,014 )2].1500} = 67631,181 (N) .

4.3.3. Trng lng bnh rng vng
Gbr =
.( d2a2 d2f2).bw..g ( N ).
Trong :
da2 : ng knh nh bnh rng vng; da2 = 2,016 ( m ).
df2 : ng knh y rng vng; df2 = 1,962 ( m).
bw : B rng vnh rng; bw = 0,311 ( m ).
: Khi lng ring ca thp CT3; = 7850 ( kg/m3 ).
Gbr =
.( 2,0162 1,9622 ).0,311.7850.9,81 = 4038,567 ( N ).

67
SVTH : H Tt Linh
Khoa Cng Ngh Ha
4.3.4. Trng lng cnh xi

Chn Gcx = 4000 ( N ).
4.3.5. Trng lng vnh ai
G vd =
.( Dv2 Dn2 ).bv..g ( N).
Trong :
Dv : ng knh vnh ai;
Dv = ( 1,1 1,2 ).Dn = ( 1,1 1,2 ).1,552 = ( 1,7072 1,8624 ) ( m ).
Chn Dv = 1,8 ( m ).
bv : B rng vnh ai; Chn bv = 0,2 ( m ).(Nu Dv = 1,2 2m)
: Khi lng ring ca thp CT3; = 7850 ( kg/m3 ).
Gvd =
.( 1,82 1,5522 ).0,2.7850.9,81 = 10050,647 ( N ).
Vy, trng lng ca ton b thng l :

G = Gvl + Gt + Gbr + 2.Gvd + Gcx
= 16943,734 + 67631,181 + 4038,567 + 2.10050,647 + 4000
= 112714,776 ( N ).
4.3.6. Khong cch hai vnh ai
Ld = 0,586.Lt ( m ) ( 84 TTTKMHCT1 ).
Trong :
Lt : Chiu di thng; Lt = 7 ( m ).
Ld = 0,586.7 = 4,102 ( m ).
68
SVTH : H Tt Linh
Khoa Cng Ngh Ha
4.3.7. Ti trng trn mt n v chiu di thng khng k bnh rng vng

G Gbr
Lt
( N/cm ) ( 90 TTTKMHCT1 ).
112714,776 4038,567
155,252
700
( N/cm ).
4.3.8. Momen un do ti trng ny gy ra

M1
q.L2d
8
M1
( N.cm ) ( 90 TTTKMHCT1 ).
155,252.410,2 2
3265416,092
8
( N.cm ).
4.3.9. Momen un do bnh rng vng gy ra

M2
Gbr .Ld 4038,567.410,2
414155,046
4
4
( N.cm ).
Tng momen un :
M = M1 + M2 = 3265416,092 + 414155,046 = 3679571,138 ( N.cm ).
4.3.10. Momen chng un
W
.Dt2 .S
4
( 90 TTTKMHCT1 ).
Trong :
Dt : ng knh trong ca thng; Dt = 140 ( cm ).
S : B dy thng sy; S = 1,4 ( cm ).
W
.140 2.1,4
21540,4
4

69
( cm3 ).
SVTH : H Tt Linh
Khoa Cng Ngh Ha
4.3.11. ng sut thn thng
M 3679571,138
170,822
W
21540,4
( N/cm2 ) < []CT3 = 4000 ( N/cm2 ).
Vy, thng m bo iu kin bn khi c b dy l 1,2 cm

4.4. Tnh ton vnh ai
4.4.1. Ti trng trn mt vnh ai
Q'
G
.cos
2
Vi :
G: Trng lng ca ton b thng , G = 112714,776 (N)
: Gc nghing ca thng , = 3o
Q'
112714,776
. cos 3 56280,152
2
4.4.2. Phn lc ca con ln

T
Q'
2.cos
( N ) ( 84 TTTKMHCT1 ).
Trong :
: Gc to bi con ln v thng; Chn = 30o.
T
56280,152
32493,361
2. cos 30
( N ).
4.4.3. B rng ca vnh ai

B rng ca vnh ai ph thuc vo i lng ti trng ring cho php trn
1cm chiu di tip xc gia vnh ai v b mt con ln.
70
SVTH : H Tt Linh
Khoa Cng Ngh Ha
B rng ca vnh ai phi tha mn iu kin :

B
T
Po
( 10.20 84 TTTKMHCT1 ).
Trong :
P o : Ti trng ring cho php, i vi vn tc quay ca thng l 0,994
( vg/ph ) th Po = 24000 ( N/cm ).(chn i vi thng quay chm)
B
32493,361
1,354
24000
( cm ).
Chn B = 15 cm.
4.4.4. B dy ca vnh ai
Theo 85 TTTKMHCT1 ta c : h : B = 1 : 1
h = 15 ( cm ).
4.4.5. Momen un
Mu = 2.TRA ( 10.21 84 TTTKMHCT1 ).
Trong :
T : Ti trng trn mt vnh ai; T = 32493,361 ( N ).
R : Bn knh trong ca vnh ai; R =
1,8
90
2
( cm ).
A : H s ph thuc vo tnh cht ca ti trng v phng php lp vnh ai

vi thn thng; Theo 85 TTTKMHCT1 ta c vi vnh ai lp cng vi thn
thng th A = 0,07.
Mu = 2.32493,361.90.0,07 = 409416,349 ( N.cm )

71
SVTH : H Tt Linh
Khoa Cng Ngh Ha
4.4.6. Momen chng un

W
Mu
[ ]
( cm3 ) ( 91 TTTKMHCT1 ).
Trong :
[] : ng sut cho php i vi vt liu lm thng; Chn vt liu lm thng
l thp c vi [] = 15600 ( N/cm2 ).
W=
409416,349
26,245
15600
( cm3 ).
Kim tra li b dy ca vnh ai :

Ta c :
h
6.W
B
6.26,245
3,24
15
( cm )
Vy vnh ai bn.
4.4.7. Cc thng s ca vnh ai
- ng knh vnh ai :
ng knh trong : Dt = 1,8 ( m ).
B dy ca vnh ai : h = 0,15 ( m ).
- B rng ca vnh ai : B = 0,15 ( m ).
- Vt liu lm vnh ai : Thp c.
4.5. Tnh ton con ln
Con ln tip nhn tt c trng lng ca thng quay v vt liu trong
thng. Cc gi ca con ln phi c lp t sao cho cc con ln c th di
chuyn theo phng thng gc vi trc ca thng cng nh c th xoay xung
quanh tm thng thay i gc nghing ca thng.
72
SVTH : H Tt Linh
Khoa Cng Ngh Ha
4.5.1. ng knh ca con ln

dc
dc
Dd
4
Dd
3
(cm ) ( 86 TTTKMHCT1 ).
180 180
45 60
4
3
( cm ); Chn dc = 50 ( cm ).
4.5.2. B rng ca con ln

b = B + 3 = 15 + 3 = 18 ( cm ).
4.5.3. ng sut tip xc
max 0, 418. P.E.
Rr
R.r
( N/cm2 ) ( 10.27 86 TTTKMHCT1 ).
Trong :
P : Lc tc dng trn mt n v chiu di tip xc;
P
T
B
( N/cm ) ( 86 TTTKMHCT1 )
32493,361
2166,224
15
( N/cm ).
E : H s m men n hi ca vt liu
Theo 92 TTTKMHCT1 ta c E = 1,75.107.
R : Bn knh trong ca vnh ai; R = 90 ( cm ).
r : Bn knh ca con ln ; r =
max 0,418. 2166,224.1,75.10 7.

73
50
25
2
( cm ).
90 25
18399,442
90.25
( N/cm2 )
SVTH : H Tt Linh
Khoa Cng Ngh Ha
Ta thy max < []CT5 = 60000 (N/cm2).

Vy, bn m bo.
4.5.4. Cc thng s ca con ln
ng knh con ln : dc = 0,5 ( m ).
B rng con ln : b = 0,18 ( m ).
Vt liu lm con ln : thp CT5.
4.6. Tnh ton con ln chn
Thng t nghing so vi mt phng ngang mt gc v c xu hng tt
xung do tc dng ca trng lc. V vy cn c con ln chn ngn cho thng
khng tt xung.
Con ln chn c th l hnh cu hoc hnh nn. Trong trng hp ny la
chn con ln chn hnh nn.
4.6.1. Lc ln nht tc dng ln con ln chn
Umax = G.( sin + f ) ( N ) ( 10.31 86 TTTKMHCT1 ).
Trong :
G : Trng lng ton phn ca thng; G = 112714,776 ( N ).
: Gc nghing ca thng; = 3o.
f : H s ma st gia vnh ai v con ln chn; f = 0,1.
Umax = 112714,776.( sin3 + 0,1 ) = 17170,513 ( N ).
4.6.2. Xc nh bn knh con ln chn
B tr trc con ln chn vung gc vi trc ca thng quay.
Khi , gc nh nn tnh theo cng thc :

74
SVTH : H Tt Linh
tg
r
R
Khoa Cng Ngh Ha
( 19.29 87 TTTKMHCT1 ).
Trong :
r : Bn knh con ln chn.
: Gc nh nn; Chn = 10o.
R : Bn knh ca vnh ai; R = 90 ( cm ).
r = tan10.90 = 15,87 ( cm ); Chn r = 16 ( cm ).
4.6.3. Kim tra bn ca con ln chn
max 0,148.
P.E
R
( N/cm2 ) ( 10.33 88 TTTKMHCT1 ).
Trong :
P : Lc tc dng ln mt n v chiu di tip xc;
P
U max
l
( N ) ( 88 TTTKMHCT1 ).
Vi l l chiu di tip xc; chn l = 50 ( cm ).

P
17170,513
343,41
50
max 0,418.
( N/cm ).
343,41.1,75.10 7
8171,546
90
( N/m2 )
Ta thy rng max < []CT5 = 60000 ( N/cm2 ).

Vy, bn m bo.
4.6.4. Cc thng s ca con ln chn
Loi con ln : Con ln chn hnh nn.
75
SVTH : H Tt Linh
Khoa Cng Ngh Ha
Cch b tr : B tr trc con ln vung gc vi trc thng quay.

Bn knh ca con ln chn : r = 16 ( cm ).
Gc nh nn : = 10o.
CHNG 5
TNH TON THIT B PH
5.1. Tnh ton bung t
5.1.1. Din tch b mt ghi l
F
0, 28.B.Qt
r
( m2 ) ( 3-2 105 L cng nghip ).
Trong :
B : Lng than cn t trong 1h; B =41,739 ( kg ).
Qt : Nhit tr thp ca than; Qt = 26716,947 ( kJ/kg ).
r : Cng nhit ca ghi;
ta c : r = (3491744).103 (w/m2)
(Theo bng 3-3 105 L cng nghip)
Ta chn r = 350.103 ( W/m2 ).
F
0,28.41,739.26716,947
0,982
350.10 3

76
( m2 ).
SVTH : H Tt Linh
Khoa Cng Ngh Ha
5.1.2. Th tch bung t

V
Qt .B
q
( m3 ) ( 3-3 105 L cng nghip ).
Trong :
q : Mt nhit th tch ca bung t, i vi than l sy q =
(290348).103
chn : q = 330.103 ( W/m3 ).
( Theo bng 3-4 106 L cng nghip)
V
26716,947.41,739
3,379
330.10 3
( m3 ).
5.1.3. Chiu cao ca bung t

H
V
F
( m ) ( 3-4 106 L cng nghip ).
3,379
3,441
0,982
( m ).
5.1.4. S ghi l
Chn loi ghi l c kch thc ( 34045 ) mm.
Vy, s tm ghi l : n =
F
0,982
64,183
0,34.0,045 0,34.0,045
Chn s tm ghi l 64 tm.

5.1.5. T l mt ghi: f/F
Cn c vo loi than , c ht ca than m chn t l mt ghi, din tch mt
ghi l cho ph hp
Vi loi than ta chn t l f/F =2530%
77
SVTH : H Tt Linh
Khoa Cng Ngh Ha
5.2. Tnh ton v chn qut

5.2.1. Nng sut qut
V = L.v
( 17.34 333 TTTKHTS )
Trong :
L : Lng khi cn thit cho thng; L = 2945,487 ( kg/h ).
v : Th tch khng kh m trong 1 kg khi
Theo Bng I255 -318 STT1 ti nhit trung bnh ca khi trong thng l
205oC v m ca khi vo thng l 0,0187% ta c =0,739( Kg/m3 )
Vy v = 1,353 ( m3/kg ).
V = 2945,487. 1,353 = 3985,244 ( m3/h ).
5.2.2. Cng sut ca qut
N
V .H
3600.102.
( kW ) (Bm My nn Qut)
Trong :
V : Nng sut ca qut; V = 3985,244 ( m3/h ).
: Hiu sut thy lc; = ( 0,40,6) Chn = 0,6.
H : Tng tr lc cn khc phc ( mmHg );
H Pi P1 P2 P3
( mmHg ).
Tnh P1 :
B
P1 m.
150.F
m : H s ph thuc vo hm lng tro v loi ghi l; chn m = 40.

78
SVTH : H Tt Linh
Khoa Cng Ngh Ha
B : Lng than cn t trong 1h; B = 41,739 ( kg/h ).

F : Din tch ghi l; F = 0,982 ( m2 ).
41,739
P1 40.
150.0,982
3,212
( mmHg )
Tnh P2 :
P2 l tr lc ca lp than v tr lc ca ghi l; chn P2 = 120 ( mmHg ).
Tnh P3 :
2
.l
v .
1 .
d
2.g
P3
( mmHg ).
Vi :
: Khi lng ring ca khng kh; = 1,2 ( kg/m3 ).
l : Chiu di ng ng dn khi t qut n bung t; l = 1,5 ( m ).
v : Vn tc kh trong ng; v = 15 ( m/s ).
: H s tr lc ca van trn ng ng;
= 0,32.
: H s ma st ph thuc vo chun s Re;

Chun s Re :
Re
v.d .
Tnh ng knh ng :
d
V
3985,244
0,307
3600.0,785.v
3600.0,785.15
( m ).
79
SVTH : H Tt Linh
Khoa Cng Ngh Ha
Theo bng I.255 318 STT1 ta c nht ca khi 205oC :

= 26,135.10-6 ( Ns/m2 )
Re
1,81. lg Re 1,64
15.0,307.1,2
211440,597
26,135.10 6
1
0,0156
1,81. lg 211440,597 1,64 2
0,0156.1,5
152.1,2
0,32 1 .
19,214
0,307
2.9,81
P3
( mmHg ).
H = 3,212 + 120 + 19,214 = 142,426 ( mmHg ).

N
3985,214.142,426
2,19
3600.120.0,6
( kW ).
5.2.3. Chn qut

Chn vn tc ca khi i trong thng l 2 ( m/s ).
Vi tn tht p sut l 142,426 ( mmHg ) v nng sut qut l 3985,214
( m3/h ) theo hnh 15- TKHTTBS ta chn qut s hiu qut ly tm II - 4 - 70 o
N7;
0,6

80
SVTH : H Tt Linh
Khoa Cng Ngh Ha
Bng ph lc :
SSTT
Tn chi tit
n v
hiu
11
Chiu di thng
22
ng knh trong
33
Kch
thc
Dt
1,4
Th tch thng
Vt
m3
10,515
44
B dy thng
0,014
55
Gc nghing ca
nt
vg/ph
0,994
Lt
thng
66
Vng
quay
ca
thng
77
Khong cch trc
aw
mm
1037
88
ng knh nh
da1
mm
108
rng
da2
mm
2016
19
ng knh y
df1
mm
54
rng
df2
mm
1962
Chiu rng vnh
bw
mm
311,1
Dv
1,8
bv
0,15
10
rng
111
ng knh vnh
ai
12
B rng vnh ai

81
SVTH : H Tt Linh
113
Khong cch hai
Khoa Cng Ngh Ha
Ld
4,102
cm
15
vnh ai
114
Chn b rng vnh

ai
115
Gc nghing ca
thng
116
Phn lc con ln
32493,361
117
Ti trng trn mt
56280,152
vnh ai
118
B dy vnh ai
cm
15
219
B rng con ln
cm
18
220
ng knh con
dc
cm
50
cm
90
cm
25
cm
50
ln
221
Bn
knh
trong
vnh ai
222
Bn knh con ln
223
Chn
chiu
di
tip xc
224
Din tch ghi l
m2
0,982
225
Cng sut ca qut
KW
2,19
226
ng knh trong
0,307
ca ng

82
SVTH : H Tt Linh
Khoa Cng Ngh Ha
TI LIU THAM KHO

1. Tnh ton qu trnh v thit b trong cng ngh ha cht v thc phm
tp1,2.
2. Qu trnh v thit b trong cng ngh ha cht v thc phm tp 3,4.
3. Tnh ton v thit k h thng sy; Tc gi Trn Vn Ph; NXB Gio Dc.
4. K thut sy; Tc gi Hong Vn Chc; NXB Khoa Hc V K Thut H
Ni.
5. S tay qu trnh thit b tp 1,2; Tc gi Nguyn Bin; NXB Khoa Hc K
Thut H Ni.
83
SVTH : H Tt Linh
Khoa Cng Ngh Ha
6. Tnh ton h thng dn ng c kh tp 1; Tc gi Trnh Cht L Vn

Uyn; NXB Gio Dc.
7. Bm My nn Qut; TS L Xun Ha ThS Nguyn Th Bch Ngc
Trng HSPKT TP HCM.
8. L cng nghip
9.C s thit k my ha cht; Tc gi H L Vin; NXB i hc Bch Khoa
H Ni.

84
SVTH : H Tt Linh

85
Khoa Cng Ngh Ha
SVTH : H Tt Linh

86
Khoa Cng Ngh Ha
SVTH : H Tt Linh

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Trng H Cng Nghip H Ni

Khoa Cng Ngh Ha

GVHD : Nguyn Xun Huy

Trng H Cng Nghip H Ni

Khoa Cng Ngh Ha

3.1.2. Lng ct ra khi thng sy................................................................31

GVHD : Nguyn Xun Huy

Trng H Cng Nghip H Ni

Khoa Cng Ngh Ha

4.2. Tnh ton b truyn ng bnh rng.........................................................52

GVHD : Nguyn Xun Huy

Trng H Cng Nghip H Ni

Khoa Cng Ngh Ha

5.1.3. Chiu cao ca bung t......................................................................73

GVHD : Nguyn Xun Huy

CNG HA X HI CH NGHA VIT NAM

Trng H Cng Nghip H Ni

Khoa Cng Ngh Ha

Khoa : Cng ngh Ho

PHN THUYT MINH

Ngy hon thnh :

Trng H Cng Nghip H Ni

Khoa Cng Ngh Ha

y l mt qu trnh cng ngh c s dng rt nhiu trong thc t sn

Em xin chn thnh cm n!

GVHD : Nguyn Xun Huy

Trng H Cng Nghip H Ni

Khoa Cng Ngh Ha

Trng H Cng Nghip H Ni

Khoa Cng Ngh Ha

Trng H Cng Nghip H Ni

Khoa Cng Ngh Ha

trnh sy cao hn 600

th protein b bin tnh, nu trn 900

u caramen ha cc phn ng to ra melanoidin to polyme cao phn t cha N

GVHD : Nguyn Xun Huy

Trng H Cng Nghip H Ni

Khoa Cng Ngh Ha

Tc chuyn ng ca khng kh c nh hng ln n qu trnh sy,

Trng H Cng Nghip H Ni

Khoa Cng Ngh Ha

d. nh hng ca kch thc nguyn liu

Trng H Cng Nghip H Ni

Khoa Cng Ngh Ha

+ i vi cc nhin liu ( ci, than) c nng cao nhit lng

Trng H Cng Nghip H Ni

Khoa Cng Ngh Ha

khi thu hoch cn sy kh kp thi, nu khng sn phm s b gim cht lng

Thng quay trao i nhit lin tc vi vt liu sy.

H thng thng gi thu hi bi cui l.

GVHD : Nguyn Xun Huy

Trng H Cng Nghip H Ni

Khoa Cng Ngh Ha

sy sang gu ti a ln silo cha. Bn trong bung cui l c gn qut ht, ng

u im ca h thng sy thng quay:

Qu trnh sy u n v mnh lit nh tip xc tt gia vt liu

Thit b gn, c th c kh ha v t ng ha ton b khu sy.

GVHD : Nguyn Xun Huy

Trng H Cng Nghip H Ni

Khoa Cng Ngh Ha

- Vt liu b o trn nhiu nn d to bi do v vn. Do trong

Trng H Cng Nghip H Ni

Khoa Cng Ngh Ha