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CONTRIBUTORS 173 Top Games of 2006
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pm - 175

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SPECIAL REPORT
pm - 97
CONTRIBUTORS 173 Top Games of 2006
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pm - 175

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aygah ygyh g;yg; NOTEBOOK
Apple MacBook
taumif;qHk;t&mrsm;
udk ao;i,faom t&G,f
tpm;jzifh xnhfxm;NyD; yg;
yg;vsvsyHkpH jzpf o uhJ odkY
tav;csed f ayghyg;aomaMumifh
acwftrDqHk; jzpfvm&onf/
Intel Core Duo processor
udk toH;k jyKxm;NyD; 13 'or
3 vufr display wpfck
yg&S d u m Webcam wpf c k
vnf; wyfqifyg&Sv d monf/
uD;bkwrf mS vnf; toH;k jyK&m
wGif oufaomifhoufom &Sd
apaomyHkpH jzpfonf/ Win-
dows XP ukdvnf; toHk;
Dell XPS
M 2010
Apple Mac
Book
jyKEkid o
f nf/ Apple \ Boot
Camp Utility rsm;udkvnf;
yhHykd;ay;xm;onf/
ULTRAPORTABLE
TRAPORT
Fujitsu LifeBook
Q2010
wpfae&mrS wpfae&m
odkY o,faqmifoGm;&mwGif
tqiftajyqHk;yHkpHjzifh xkwf
vkyfxm;aom Fujitsu life
Book onf taumif;qHk;[k
owfrSwfEkdifonf/ tav;
csdefrSm 3 'or 3 aygifcefY
om av;onf/ 12 'or 1
vufr t&G,ftpm; wide-
screen display wpfck yg0if
NyD; fingerprint scanner
vnf; wyfqifxm;onf/
1.2 GHz Intel Core Solo
uGeyf sLwm*sme,f Zefe0g&v
CPU udk toHk;jyKxm;ay;
ojzifh ajymifajrmufpGm pGrf;
aqmifEkdifonf/
TABLET PC
Toshiba Portege M 400
Tablet PC trsKd;tpm;
rsm;wGif Intel Core Duo
processor ud k yxrqH k ;
toH k ; jyKxm;ch J o nf / 12
'or 1 vufr notebook
[k qkdaomfjim;vnf; full-
fledged tablet trsKd;tpm;
jzpfonf/ Optical drive
twGuf BudKufESpfouf&m
wyfqifEkdif&ef a&G;cs,fcGifh
ay;xm;cho J nf/ Hard drive
twGuf tumtuG,f tjynfh
t0ay;Ekid o f nfh Toshiba \
Easy Guard Security fea-
ture rsm;uthr
H cef;jzpfonf/
DESIGNED NOTEBOOK
Asus S6F
Asus S6F onf om;
a&tkyfav;ESifh qif,ifxm;
yHkuyif qGJaqmifrItjynhf
&S d a ech J o nf / 3 'or 3
D ? 2007 ckEpS f
txl;aqmif;yg;
aygifomav;ojzifh Ultra-
portable trsKd ; tpm;0if
taetxm;rsKd;vnf; jzpf
onf/ ukvm;tkwfa&mif?
tnd K yk y f a &mif ? yef ; a&mif
oHk;rsKd;jzifh xkwfvkyfchJonf/
11 'or 1 vufr wide-
screen jzifh yxrqHk; pGefYpGefY
pm;pm; xk w f v k y f x m;í
Intel Core Duo processor
wpfckudk oHk; xm; onf/
double-layer DVD bur-
ner wyfqifyg&SdNyD; 1 GB-
RAM ESifh Built-in Wi-Fi
ESifh Bluetooth pepfwkdYu
tm;jznhfyhHykd;xm;onf/
MEDIA CENTERNOTEBOOK
Dell XPS M1710
,ckEpS yf ikd ;f wGif tawmifh
wqHk; jzpfvmaponhf Me-
dia Center Edition ud k
laptops rsm;ay:okYd wifxm;
xkwfvkyfrIrsm;teuf Dell
XPS M 1710 onf
taumif;qHk; jzpfonf/ 17
vufrt&G,f display wyf
qifxm;NyD; 2 GHz Core
Duo processor udk toHk;jyK
xm;onf/ ¤if;tjyif nVidia
GeForce Go 7900 GTX
graphic 512 MB wyfxm;
ay;onf/ DVDs rsm;udk
boot up vk y f & ef t wG u f
Mum;cH rD'D,m rvkdtyfay/
udk,fxnfay:wGif pwD&D,dk
pyDumESifh internal sub-
woofer wkdYvnf; yg&Sdonf/
Laptop rsm;wGif jrifacgihf
jrifcJ toGifrsKd; jzpfonf/
21
 txl;aqmif;yg;
PROCESSOR
Intel Core 2 Extreme X
6800
Intel \ rD ; ½ª ; wef
aqmif jzpfapaom proces-
sor jzpfonf/ Core 2 Ex-
treme X6800 onf a':vm
aiG 999 jzifh owfrw S af &mif;
cschJojzifh aps;EIef; jrifhrm;
onf[k qkdEkdifaomfvnf;
2006 ckEpS f xGucf o
Jh rQ pro-
cessor rsm;teuf pG r f ;
aqmif&nf tjrifhqHk;? jref
qefrIt&SdqHk; jzpfaeojzifh
toHk;jyKolrsm;tm; twyf
rufqHk;t&mwpfck jzpfapEkdif
chJonf/ Core 2 Duo proc-
essor ESifh Core 2 Extreme
Asus P5
N 32-SLI
Deluxe
22
wkYd onfom ¤if;wkYd \ clock
multiplier ud k unlock
vkyfxm;chJonf/
MOTHERBOARD
Asus P5N 32-SLI
Deluxe
Asus P5N 32-SLI
Deluxe \ pGrf;aqmif&nf
feature rsm;xJ w G i f SLI
(Scalable Link Interface)
yhHydk;rIrsm;? ajrmufjrm;vSpGm
aom BIOS options rsm;ESihf
peripheral connectors
ta&twGufrsm;pGmwkdY yg&SdchJ
onf/ overclocking twGuf
built-in software yif &&Sd
onf/ txl;ojzifh tpdwf
tydkif;rsm; tat;ay;pepf
twGuf fans rsm; oHk;p&m
uGeyf sLwm*sme,f Zefe0g&v
rvkdawmhbJ mobo's silent
heat pipe udk oHk;Ekdifonf/
Intel \ Core 2 Duo
processor pD;&D;udk oH;k Eki
d &f ef
LGA 775-based board
yg&Sdxm;onf/
PC CASE
Asus Vento 3600
vufeufwefqmyvm
rvkdtyfaompepfjzifh up-
grade vkyi f ef;rsm;udk aqmif
&GuEf idk &f ef ppD Ofay;xm;onf/
USB ports rsm;udk rsufESm
pmwGif ykdY ay; xm; o jzifh
toHk;jyKolrsm;twGuf ydkrkd
tqifajyaponf/ 5 'or
25 vufr drive av;ckpm
ESifh 3 'or 5 vufr drive
av;ckpm ae&may;onft
ATX-format jzpf o nf h
tavsmuf tpdwftykdif;tm;
vHk;udk tuefYtowfr&Sd wdk;
csJU wyfqifEkdifonf/
MAINSTREAM
GRAPHICS CARD
nVidia GeForce
7600GT
GeForce 7600 GT
onf gaming perform-
ance udk tjrifq
h ;kH txd wGe;f
D ? 2007 ckEpS f
nVidia
GeForce
7900 GTX
wifay;Ekid o f nft
h jyif nVidia
xk w f board rsm;xJ w G i f
tjriftm½Hk pdwfwkdif;us jzpf
EkdifqHk; &Sdaeaponf/ Per-
formance udk n§pf,lEkdifav
3D action rsm;tm; wu,fh
½kyfoGif taexm; &apa&;
twGuf SLI-compatible
motherboard \ tqDudk
xkwfEkwf oHk;Ekdifav jzpf
h jyif onf/ okdYtwGuf trsm;qHk;
graphics cards rsm;wG i f
xifay:oGm;aponf/
GAMING GRAPHICS CARD
nVidia GeForce 7900
GTX
*drf;0goemBuD;olrsm;
twG u f GeForce 7900
GTX onf Visual qual-
ity udk taumif;qHk; ay;
pGrf;Ekdifum rnfonhf*drf;udk
jzpfap settings rsm; crank
 txl;aqmif;yg;
up vkyfay;Ekdifaom t&nf
tcsif;&Sdonf/ 650 MHz
GPU rSyif tjrefqHk; 3D
performance udk &aponfh
tjyif 512 MB onboard
memory tm;aMumifh 800
MHz txd jzpfoGm;apEkdif
onf/ aemufqHk;ay: 3D-
graphics features tjynhf
tpHkudk yhHydk; aqmif&Gufay;
onf/
Plextor
PX - 740
UF
REWRITABLE DVD
EWRITABLE DRIVE
Plextor PX - 740 UF
t aumif; qHk; per-
formance ESifhtwl yg&Sdvm
aom double-layer multi-
format burner wpfck jzpf
onf/ 16 x DVD +_ R ESifh
8 x double-layer burning
txd cGifhjyKay;xm;onf/
external drive jzpf
onhfwkdif FireWire jzifh
jzpfap? USB 2.0 jzifh jzpfap
tvG,fwul wyfqif toHk;
jyKEkdifonf/ aemufqHk;xkwf
750 UF wGifrl specifica-
tion jznhwf if;rIrsm;pGm yg0if
vmonf/ ¤if; ESifh t wl
aqmhzf0J wpfyHkwpfyif yg&Sd
vmonf/
24
MAINSTREAM LCD
Dell UltraSharp 2007
WFP
taumif;qHk; image
t&nftaoG;rsm;? features
rsm;ES i f h pd w f 0 if p m;p&m
aumif ; aom aps;EI e f ; wk d Y
aMumif h trsm;oH k ; LCD
vkdif;wGif taumif;qHk; jzpf
oGm;aponf/ 1680 x 1050
native resolution ay;í 20
vufr wide-screen trsKd;
tpm; jzpfonf/ Compos-
ite-video ESifh S-Video in-
puts rsm; yg0ifxm;&Sdonf/
HDTV ESiv hf nf; vku d af vsm
nDaxGrI&Sdonf/ a'gifvkduf
taetxm;jzpfap? vSJvsuf
taetxm;jzpfap qif,if
xm;&SdEkdifonf/ gray-scale
performance taetxm;ü
xif&Sm;aom vivid colors
rsm;udk yhHydk;aqmif&Gufay;Ekdif
onf/
ENTERTAINMENT LCD
NTERT
Sony MFM-HT205
uGefysLwm armfeDwm
taejzifh oHk;EkdifouhJokdY tel-
evision taeeJYvnf; oHk;
Ekdifonf/ 20 vufr wide-
screen LCD jzpfjcif;aMumifh
uGeyf sLwm*sme,f Zefe0g&v
uGefysLwm toHk;jyKolrsm; onf / pmvH k ; rsm;twG u f
twGuf tm;&p&m jzpfap vnf; wdusjywfom;pGm azmf
onf/ Video connections usL;ay;Ekdifonf/ *drf;upm;
rsm; toifhyg&Sdvmonf/ &mwGifvnf; pdwfwkdif;us
toH t&nftaoG;? yHk&dyf jzpfapygonf/
t&nftaoG; tvGefaumif;
vS o nf / standard TV PHOTO INKJET PRINTER
HOTO
tuner wpfck toifc h sw
d q
f uf
Canon Pixma iP6600D
yg&So
d nht f jyif built-in pwD
3 'or 5 vuf r
&D,dk pyDumESifh 0lzmwkdY yg&Sd
t&G,ftpm; LCD screen
onf/ remote control jzifh
wpfck? built-in card reader
oHk;Ekdifonf/ 1400 x 1050
wpfckwkdY wyfqifyg&Sdvm
resolution &&SdNyD; azsmfajz
um photo output aumif;
a&;udpö toHk;jyKEkdifaom
aumif;ESihf duplex printing
armfeDwmtjzpf yDyDjyifjyif &Sd
wkYdukd aqmif&uG af y;Ekid o
f nf/
vSonf/
ajcmufa&mifoHk; trsKd;tpm;
jzpfonf/ 4 _6 vufr
PERFORMANCE LCD
t&G,t f pm; "mwfykH wpfyu kH kd
Samsung Sync Master 45 puúefYjzifh xkwfay;EkdifNyD;
970 P 8 _ 10 vufr "mwfyHk
Apple xkwfukef uGef twGuf 2 rdepftwGif; xkwf
ysLwmrsm;twGuf &nfp;l um
19 vufrt&G,ftpm;jzifh
samsung rS xkwfvkyfchJjcif;
jzpfonf/ yvwfpwpf uk, d f
wnfjzpfNyD; aiGa&mifrus?
tjzLa&mifrus ta&mifjzifh
qif,ifxm;&Sdonf/ apmif;
vH;k yHpk H trsKd;tpm; jzpfonf/
tvGefaumif;rGefaom im-
age quality ESifh acrobatic
adjustability rsm; cHpm;Ekdif
D ? 2007 ckEpS f
 txl;aqmif;yg;
Bridge port wpfckESifh am- xm;jzif h xk w f a y;onf /
ple paper tray wpf c k u k d Scan vkyfief;twGuf gray
Canon yg&Sx
d m;onf/ tvGeaf umif; scale jzpfap? color jzpfap
Pixma ip rGefaom t&nftaoG;jzifh aqmif&Gufay;Ekdifonf/
6600D xkwfay;Ekdifonf/
SOUND CORD
LASER PRINTER
Creative Sound Blaster
HP LaserJet 1018 X-Fi Elite Pro
twkid ;f tqr&Sd aumif; rsKd ; quf o pf audio
rG e f a om y&if w mtjzpf chip jzpf o nf / Xtreme
rowf r S w f E k d i f a omf v nf ; Fidelity udk &nfpl;í X-Fi
wpfukd,fa&oHk; bwf*suf [laom trSwt f om;udk ay;
y&ifwm taejzifrh l taumif; chJjcif; jzpfonf/ 7.1 Chan-
ay; Ekdif onf/ 'D*spfw,f screen jzif h xk w f , l r nh f
qH;k jzpfaeaponf/ wpfred pf nel X-Fi Elite Pro onf
uifr&mrsm;jzifhvnf; wkduf "mwfyHkrsm;udk ppfaq; Munhf
vQif pm&Gufa& 12 &Guftxd orm;½dk;us toHk;jyKaeMu
½kduf xkwf,lEkdifonf/ ½IEkdifrnf/ Multi format
xkwf,l&&SdEkdifonf/ 600 x aom sound card rsm;xuf
memory-card reader
600 dpi t&nftaoG;jzifh omvG e f a umif ; rG e f o nf /
SNAPSHOT PRINTER wpfck yg&Sdum PictBridge
xkwfay;onf/ y&ifwmcGuf
pepfudkvnf; yhHydk;aqmif&Guf
HP Photosmart 475 xJwGif pm&Gufa& 150 txd HP Color
ay;Ekdifonf/ 1.5 GB hard
GoGo Photo Printer toifh xnhfxm;Ekdifonf/ Laser Jet
drive wpfck yg&Sdvmjcif;
3 'or 3 aygifom t&G,ftpm;rSmvnf; ao; 2840
aMumifh ½kduful;vmorQ yHk
av;í t&G , f t pm;rS m ao;i,f i ,f jzpf o jzif h
aygif; 1,000 cefYudk odkrSD;
xrif;bl; t&G,ftpm;cefY ae&m,lrI usOf;onf/
xm;Ekdifao;onf/
om &Sdonf/ ab;abmifryg
aom yHkxkwfrIudk 4 _6 COLOR LASER PRINTER
H OME M UL TIFUNCTION
ULTIFUNCTION
vufr t&G,ftpm; jzpfap?
PRINTER HP Color Laser Jet
5 _7 vufr t&G,ftpm;
2840
jzpfap xkwf,lEkdifonf/ 2 Canon Pixma MP500
tvGev f yk if ef;rsm;aom
'or 5 vufrt&G,f color Photo All-in-one
½H k ; wpf c k w G i f tH 0 if c G i f u s
pG,fpHkoHk; Canon Pix-
oH;k pGEJ idk o
f nf/ pG,pf o kH ;kH tae
ma MP 500 y&ifwmav;
jzifhvnf; vufcH aqmif&Guf
onf av;a&mifoHk; inkjet
Ekdifojzifh print xkwf½Hktjyif
photo printer taejzif h
scanning twG u f j zpf a p? PCI Card ae&mwGif xnhf
jzpfap? flatbed scanner
copying twG u f j zpf a p? oGif;íjzpfap? external I/O
wpfcktaejzifhjzpfap? color
aqmif &Guf ay; Ekdif onf/ box wpfckjzifhjzpfap wyf
copier wpfcktaejzifhjzpfap
Memory-card slots rsm; qiftoHk;jyKEkdifonf/ yg&Sd
toH;k jyKEkid o
f nf/ rdom;pko;kH
vnf ; yg&S d N yD ; jzpf o nf / vmaom aqmh z f 0 J r S *d r f ;
yHkpHrsKd; zGJUpnf;xm;onf/
pm&Gufa& 50 cefY toifh twGufjzpfap? azsmfajza&;
Built-in memory-card
Dell xnfhxm;Ekdifonf/ wpfrdepf twGufjzpfap setting cs,l
reader yg&So
d nht
f jyif Pict-
UltraSharp vQif pm&Gufa& 12 &GufEIef; cGifh&Sdonf/
2007 WFP
uGeyf sLwm*sme,f Zefe0g&v
D ? 2007 ckEpS f 25
 txl;aqmif;yg;
3.1 SPEAKER SYSTEM
Logitech Z-10
uk d , f x nf t a&mif r S m
Piano-black ta&mif jzpf
ojzifh eufeufarSmifarSmif
awmufawmufajymifajymif
&Sdaeonf/ two-speaker
combo onf yuwd rSef
uefaom channel jzifh xkwf
ay;onf/ Track udk jyo
Ekid rf nfh LCD display wpfck
csdwq f uf yg&Sv d monf/ a&SU
okdY? aemufokdY tjref a&TU
ajymif;jcif;ESifh &yfem;jcif;?
armif ; ES i f j cif ; rsm;twG u f
touch-sensitive controls
rsm;jzifh qif,ifxm;onf/
MUL TI CHANNEL SPEAKER
ULTI
SYSTEM
Logitech Z-5500 Digital
Satellite speaker
av;vHk;? center-channel
speaker wpfvHk;ESifh t&G,f
tpm; BuD;BuD; subwoofer
wpfvHk;wkdYjzifh zGJUpnf;xm;
28
Logitech
Z-10
aom 5.1 speaker system
jzpf o nf / Wireless re-
mote control wpf c k E S i f h
analog ESifh digital inputs
rsm;udk ESprf sKd;vH;k toH;k jyKEkid f
aprnh f swank control
wpfckwkdYvnf; yg&Sdonf/
toHxGufvmrnfh source
ajcmufckjzifh wpfNydKifeuf
qufoG,fxm;&SdEkdifonf/
DVD players rsm;ES i f h
game consoles wd k Y jzih f
vnf; wkduf½kduf qufoG,f
toHk;jyKEkdifonf/
GAMING MOUSE
Razer Copperhead
Razer Copperhead
ud k toH k ; jyKvk d u f ½Hkr Qjzif h
Razer
Copperhead
uGeyf sLwm*sme,f Zefe0g&v
D ? 2007 ckEpS f
taumif;qHk; gamer qkudk
r&Ekdifaomfjim;vnf; games
rsm;twG u f tcG i f h t vrf ;
aumif;rsm;udk tqifajyajy
zefwD;ay;Ekdifaom mouse
jzpfonf/ 2000 dpi &Sd la-
ser engine wpfck jzpfojzifh
wdusaom xdef;csKyfrIrsm;udk
aqmif&u G af y;Ekid af omaMumifh
first-person shooters
*drf;rsm;upm;&mwGif wpfyef;
omaponf / a&mf b mtk y f
xm;aom cvkwrf sm;jzifh qif
,ifxm;aomaMumifh vuf
acsmfrI uif;aponf/
MOUSE/KEYBOARD COMBO
Logitech Cordless
Desktop MX5000 Laser
tqifhjrifh yDpDrsm;jzifh
wGJzuf nDaponhf BudK;rhJ
avqmpepfoHk; mouse ESifh
keyboard wGJvsuf trsKd;
tpm;jzpfonf/ rmwDrD'D,m
ud p ö t wG u f j zpf a p txl ;
oifah vsmfonf/ Touch sen-
sitive media pad onf
playback control yg0if
onh f t jyif volume ES i f h
Zoom strips rsm;udkvnf;
yhHykd;aqmif&Gufay;Ekdifonf/
Logitech
Z-5500
Digital
W IRELESS -N ETWORKING
DEVICE
Netgear WPNT 834
RangeMax 240A
2006 ckESpf wpfckvHk;
wGif Draft N routers rsm;
xGufvmvdrfhrnf[k arQmf
vifhxm;aomfvnf; xGuf
rvmchJay/ 802.11 n wire-
less standard rsKd;udk 2007
ckESpfrSom &&SdEkdifygvdrfhrnf/
,ck xGuf&SdNyD; 802.11g
router rsm;xJwGif WPNT
834 onf tajymifajrmuf
qHk; jzpfchJ&onf/ Multiple
input, multiple output

(MIMO)technology xnhf
Security Suit
oGi;f yg&So
d nf/ Solid docu-
mentation udk yhyH ;kd xm;onhf
tjyif Simple setup ESifh
ample security features
rsm; &,lEkdifonf/
N E T W O R K - AT T A C H E D
STORAGE
Buffalo TeraStation
Home Server
tjcm;yD p D r sm;pG m jzif h
share files rsm; xm;Ekdif&Sd
Ekdifrnfhudpt
ö wGuf ,cktcg
wireless networks rsm; wk;d
yGm;vmvsuf&Sdonf/ Net-
work-attached-storage
(NAS) devices rsm;ud k
awmif;cHvmaecsed w
f iG f Buf-
falo TeraStation Home
Server rS taumif;qH;k jznhf
qnf; aqmif&Gufay;EkdifchJ
onf/ 1.6 TB rS 2 TB ver-
sions txd &&S d E k d i f o nf /
¤if;udk USB printer ESifh
wGJzuftoHk;jyKvQifyif print
server wpf ck t ae jzifh
aqmif&Gufay;ygvdrfhrnf/
Logitech
Cardless
Zone Alam
Internet
OFFICE SUITE
Corel WordPerfect Of-
fice X3
toHk;jyK&vG,fulaom
suite wpfckjzpfum Micro-
soft Office 2003 xuf ydkí
aumif;rGefonf/ aemufqHk;
ay: icons ESihf toolbars rsm;
yg&Sdojzifh Windows XP
jzifh ykí
d wGzJ ufnaD eaponf/
PDFs rsm;udk t0iftxGuf
tqifajypGm aqmif &Guf ay;
Ekdifonf/ Web Searches
rsm;twGuf vrf; nTef ay;
aom Yahoo toolbar onf
¤if;\ tpdwftykdif;wpfck
jzpfonf/
uGeyf sLwm*sme,f Zefe0g&v
D ? 2007 ckEpS f
txl;aqmif;yg;
H OME P RODUCTIVITY rnfonfh address ESifhrqdk
SOFTWARE
OFTWARE 0if a &muf v maom mes-
sages rsm;ud k csuf c sif ;
ZoneAlarm Internet
oD;oefY pDpOfxm;&Sday;vkduf
Security Suite 6.5
NyD; oH;k pGo
J \
l twnfjyKcsuf
Identity-theft rsm;
udk &,lavh&Sdonf/ Micro-
,ckESpftwGif; rsm;pGm ay:
soft Outlook twGif; e,f
aygufaejcif;udk tumtuG,f
jcm;rhJ pDpOfuGyfuJrIrsm; jyK
jyKay;rnhf Utility rsm;pGm
vkyfEkdifonf/
ay:xGufvmchJonfh teuf
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Loitech G 5 Battle fied
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[Ref: Digital Life ]
 NEW PRODUCTS
HARDWARE

BTX 'DZikd ;f oyfoyf&yf&yf

USB multimedia
keyboard / mouse okrd ;DS yrmP Bu;D rm;vS
aom 320 GB hard
drive udk txJwiG f
Dell Dimension C521




















wyfqifxm;&Sd
AMD processing yg0gudk yxrqHk; toHk;cs xkwfvkyf
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configuration onf CPU ESihf graphics chips rsm;udk BudKuf
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qifxm;onf/ 320 GB yrmP&Sdaom hard drive ESifh TV Intel Core 2 Duo system xuf aES;auG;aeonf/ TV tuner
tuner uvnf; yHhykd;ay;xm;ao;onf/ Windows Vista rSmvnf; HDTV / ATSC ESifh vdkufavsmnDaxG r&Sday/
twGuf toifhjzpfaeonfh uGefysLwm[kvnf; ajymEkdifonf/ owfrSwfwefzdk;rSm a':vm 1214 jzpfonf/

rsm;aMumifh vHak vmuf

heat sinks
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Niveus Media Center Rainier Edition 750 HD DVD

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twGufjzpfap AD'D,kdvIyf&Sm;rI ½kyfyHktwGuf screen ESifhjzpfap
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txl; pDpOfxkwfvkyfcJhonf/ ATI Radeon X 1600 Pro
graphics udk toH;k csxm;ojzifh DVD t&nftaoG;udk jynh0 f owfrSwfa&mif;aps;rSm 5499 a':vm jzpfonf/
pGm yHhydk; aqmif&Gufay;Ekdifygonf/ Rainier- 750 HD DVD
pufwGif Intel \ Core 2 Duo \ pGrf;aqmif&nfaMumifh
Media Encoder test twGuf 6 rdepf 45 puúefY &&SdNyD;
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azsmfajza&;vkyfief;oHk; yDpDtjzpf ykdifydkifEkdifEkdif &yfwnfEkdif
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54 uGefysLwm*sme,f Zefe0g&Dv? 2007 ckESpf

 NEW PRODUCTS
HARDWARE
1366 x 768 resolution
Viewsonic N2060W





















LCD monitor ESifh TV wGJzufxm;aom combo [k
qkd&rnf/ 20 vufrt&G,f windows LCD trsKd;tpm;jzpf
onf/ yDpDuGefysLwmESifh wJGzuftoHk;jyKonfhtcg resolution
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Toshiba Portege M 400- S 4032
























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angle rSmvnf; 180 'D*&Dtxd ay;xm;onf/ tHhMozG,f&m
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56 uGefysLwm*sme,f Zefe0g&Dv? 2007 ckESpf
txkid rf mS vSeíf iku
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MumMumrcHojzifh rMumcP tm;oGif;,l&rnfjzpfonf/
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 NEW PRODUCTS
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Ultimate Ears triple FI 10 PRO




















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tao;pdwt f oHrsm;udk xkwaf y;Ekid af om tqifjh zpfonf/ MP oHk;ck xnfhoGif;yg&Sdjcif;aMumifh xkxnf tenf;i,fBuD;
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toHk;jyKEkdifaom uGefysLwmjzifhvnf; wGJzuf toHk;jyK&ef jzpfonf/

16 : 9 screen
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rnf/ Video file formats rsm;udkvnf; ydkrdk us,fjyefYpGm

Creative Zen Vision: W (30 GB)
























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oufwrf;wkad wmif;vSonf/ ud, k x
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onf/ odkrSD;yrmPtvkduf aps;EIef;owfrSwfcsuf&Sdonf/ 30
GB twGuf a':vm 299 jzpfí 60 GB twGuf 399 a':vm
jzpfonf/

58 uGefysLwm*sme,f Zefe0g&Dv? 2007 ckESpf

 NEW PRODUCTS
CONSUMER ELECTRONICS back lights tm; enf;aomfvnf;
driect light jzifh aumif;pGm zwf½I
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ud&,d mav; jzpfaeaponf/ t&G,t f pm;tm; jzifh taysmfzwf
0w¬Kpmtkyfyg;yg;av; t&G,fom&SdNyD; tav;csdeftm;jzifh 9
atmifpom av;onf/ Screen tm; xdcdkufrIr&Sdap&ef aysmh
aysmif; El;nHhaom twGif;om;&Sdonf/ tay:cHG rm tzkH;wpfck
wyfqifay;xm;onf/ puúeY0f ufrQavmufjzifh pmrsuEf mS wpfck
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vufr&Sdí txl; tm½Hkpkduf zwfp&mrvkdbJ oufaomifhouf
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Sony Ericsson MBW - 100 Bluetooth watch

Music player udk acwå
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tuefYtowf&adS ejcif;wkYdyifjzpfonf/ owfrw S af &mif;aps;rSm 399
a':vm jzpfonf/

60 uGefysLwm*sme,f Zefe0g&Dv? 2007 ckESpf

 NEW PRODUCTS
CONSUMER ELECTRONICS

Micro -SD
memory
Samsung






SGH- T519







TRACE










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xkwfay;Ekdifygonf/ MyFaves \ feature rsm;udk tjynhft0
toHk;csEdkifaponf/ xl;jcm;csufrSm headset jack rSm nonstan-
dend jzpfaeonf/ T-Mobiles taejzifh topfvGifqHk;? tyg;vs
qHk; zuf&Sifpwkdifvfudk OD;pm;ay; aqmif&Gufxm;jcif;jzpfonf/
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Motorola RAZR V3 wkdYukd ,SOfEkdifonf/ owfrSwf a&mif;aps;
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rsm;twGuf download vky, f El idk cf iG hf r&&SEd idk af y/ ud,
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62 uGefysLwm*sme,f Zefe0g&Dv? 2007 ckESpf

 NEW PRODUCTS
BUSINESS
a&mifpOf 4096 twGi;f dots rsm;
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Konica




Minolta





Magicolor 7450

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Pict Bridge connector

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10 page ADF

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Brother MFC- 440 CN

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network jzifh csdwfquf toHk;csEkdifjcif;aMumifh ESpfvkdzG,f&m
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64 uGefysLwm*sme,f Zefe0g&Dv? 2007 ckESpf

Product News

a':vmwpf&mwef uGefysLwm odkYr[kwf

Nicholas Negroponte's machine

uav;wpfO;D vQif laptop wpfv;kH us udik w

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Laptop Per Child) [kvnf; wef uGefysLwmpDrHudef;rS xGuf

qif;&JEGrf;yg;aom
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trsKd;tpm;
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MIT wG i f Media Lab
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pdwful;jzifh wDxGifchJaomaMumifh
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chine [k ac:wGifMuouhJodkY
uav;wpfO;D vQif laptop wpfv;kH
us udkifwG,f toHk;jyKEkdif&ef &nf
&G,fxm;rIaMumifh OLPC (One
trnfay;chJMuonf/
pwifMuHqchJpOfuyif tqkd
yg uGefysLwmonf ausmif;oHk;
pmtkyfrsm;pGmudk wpfaygif;wpf
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toH;k 0ifaprnht f jyif vuf&dS rsuf
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aqmufyHk taetxm;rSm twwf
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d yfcsufrsm;udk a&G;cs,f
xnhfoGif;'DZkdif;jyKxm;jcif;? yg0g
acRwmrI&adS om chip ESihf displays
unit wkYd ukd oH;k xm;jcif;ESihf Linux
tajccH operating system rsm;
toH;k jyKxm;jcif;wkYdaMumifh a':vm
wpf&mwef uGefysLwm okdYr[kwf
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tdE´d,EkdifiHwGif pwif prf;oyf
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tdE´d,EdkifiHonf a':vm wpf&m
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jzifh ¤if;wkdY EkdifiHwGif prf;oyf
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rSmMum;rIjyK&ef taetxm;txd
pdwf0ifpm;rI &SdvmMuonf/ xkd
Laptop rsm; xkwfvkyf a&mif;cs
Edkifa&; taetxm;txd pdwf0if
pm;rI &dSvmMuonf/ xkd Laptop
rsm; xkwv f yk af &mif;csEidk af &;twGuf
aemufqHk; prototype tjzpf ,ck
tcg wifjyEkdifchJ&NyD jzpfonf/
tqk d y g prototype wG i f
system ESifh display wkdY tjyef
tvSef aygif;ul;jyKay;rnfh Dcon
(Display controller) chips
rsm;udk toH;k jyKxm;aprnf/ ¤if;rS
input rsm;udk vufcH&,ljcif; cif;
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onf wnfNidrfpGmjzifh vIyf&Sm;rI
rjyKonhftcsdefwkdif;wGif system

uGeyf sLwm*sme,f Zefe0g&v

D ? 2007 ckEpS f 65
uGeyf sLwmtaxGaxG
armif;ESifrIudk &yfem;oGm;ap
rnf/ CAFE (Camera and
flash enabler) chip uk d
vnf; toHk;cszG,f &Sdonf/
¤if;u interface vkyfief;
rsm;udk wm0ef,al y;vdrrhf nf/
xkdtcg standard flash-
memory controllers rsm;
xuf jrefqefrI ydkrkd&&SdapEdkif
onf / Built-in digital
camera wpfvHk; toifhwyf
qifay;vdkufrnf ray;vkduf
rnfurl raocsmvSao;ay/
Prototype twG u f
yHkazmfMuHqchJpOfu tqdkyg
laptop twGuf vkdtyfrnfh
yg0gud k Humen Power
Source jzihf toHk;cs&ef tpD
tpOfrsm;&Scd o Jh nf/okYdtwGuf
Prototype wGif umvDzkd;
eD;,m;jynfe,f tkdrm&DADvD;
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xkwfvkyfxm;onhf hand-
pull generator udk wyfqif
toHk;jyKrnf jzpf\/ vuf
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fly-wheels action jzih f
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vQif 10 rdepfcefY wpfquf
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wnf; rdepf 30 toHk;cs,l
Ekdifrnfh taetxm;rsKd; jzpf
onf/ yg0gwpfck&í vnf
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chain-based power sys-
tem rsKd;jzifh tvkdtavsmuf
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rsKd;vkdyif &&SdEkdifap&ef xyfrH
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wGif prf;oyftoHk;jyKrnfh
tajctaersm;ESifh tm*sifwD;
em;? b&mZD;ESifh Ekdif*sD;&D;,m;
EkdifiHrsm;wGif toHk;jyKMurnfh
tajctaersm;udk qufvuf
apmihfarQmf Munhf½I&if; HDL
ac: a':vmwpf & mwef
Laptop pDru H ed ;f \ xGe;f um;
rIudk vufawGUusus oHk;oyf
Mu&awmhrnfjzpfonf/
A.Mesh Network
OLPC wGif Marvell
ukrPÜ rD S xkwv
f yk af om chip
udt
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wnf a qmuf a &; Ad o k u m
uGeyf sLwm*sme,f Zefe0g&v
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tqkdyg uGefysLwm\ wire-
less chip twGuf aqmhz0 fuJ kd
customize vk y f E k d i f r nh f
tajctaersm;&So d jzifh txl;
pyg,f&, S o f wå0gwpfaumif
jzpfaponf[k auseyftm;&
pGm ajymMum;chJonf/ xkd
chip wGif onboard CPU
wpfckESifhtjcm; wireless
chip rsm;ESifh rwlonfh ukd,f
ykdif RAM wkYd yg0ifaeonf/
odYk twGuf Laptop udk ydwf
xm;onhw f idk f rdrv
d yk if ef;pOf
vkyfaqmifrItwGuf vnf
ywfaeapEkdifonf/ udk,fykdif
wireless router jzifh wnf&Sd
aeaponfo h abm jzpfonf/
tcsKyf q k d & aomf Laptop
wpfcpk oD nf mesh network
twGif; node wpfck tjzpf
vnf;aumif;? tqifh toD;
oD; cGJjcm;aqmif&GufrI r&Sd
onh f nonhierarchical
wpf c k t jzpf v nf ; aumif ;
self-healing network
vkyaf qmifot
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onfrSm ¤if;\
node rsm;
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ESihf bandwidth wkYd ukd
xku d x f u
kd w
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pGJEkdifaprnhf uGef&ufyHkpHjzpf
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w,fvDzkef;vkdif; r&SdchJygu
D ? 2007 ckEpS f
¤if;wGifyg&Sdaom aqmhzf0J
rsm;u VoIP phone pepfudk
zefwD;ay;í tquftoG,f
udk &,lEkdifapygonf/ xkdY
twl uav;rsm; taejzifh
server wpfcr k Q rvkt
d yfaom
enf;vrf;jzifh files rsm;udk
zvS,frIjyKEkdifMuygvdrhfrnf/
B. Flash Memory
Hard drives rsm;onf
¤if;wGif wyfqifyg&Sdaom
platter rsm;aeap&ef E S i f h
¤if;\ tpdwftykdif;tcsKdU
vIy&f mS ;rIwYdk twGuf yg0grsm;
pGm awmif;qkdrI &Sdygonf/
okdYtwGuf HDL wGif hard
drive wpfckrQ roHk;pGJapbJ
¤if ; tpm; solid-state
memory udkom toHk;cs,l
aprnf jzpf o nf / MP3
player av;rsm;wGif toHk;
jyKavh&o dS nhf flash memory
rsKd;udk toHk;csxm;onf/
wpf e nf ; tm;jzif h HDL
pDrcH supf wifcsed uf ay:jyL
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chNJ yD;xGuaf y: NyD;orQ\ aps;
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pGm &,lEkdifjcif;wkdY
aMumifh ,ck ay:
xGufvmrnfh
HDL twGuf pDrH&mxm;
csufESifh tnD wefzkd;avsmh
enf;pGmjzifh toHk;cscGifh &chJ
ayonf/ xkdYtjyif HDL
onf AMD ESihf tjcm;ukrP Ü D
rsm; yl;aygif;í 'DZkdif;jyKxm;
onhf custom chips rsm;udk
toHk;jyKxm;ygonf/ ¤if;
onf rvd k v m;tyf o nh f
tcsdefwkdif;wGif CPU ukd
&yfem;xm;rnf jzpfojzifh
CPU onf 80 &mckdifEIef;
om toHk;jyKcsdef &Sdygvdrfh
uGeyf sLwm*sme,f Zefe0g&v
D ? 2007 ckEpS f
rnf/ xkdokdY acRwmrIrsm;
aMumifh HDL twGuf yg0g
onf 2 watts om toHk;cs
rnf jzpfum omref laptop
wkdY\ ysrf;rQ toHk;csyg0grSm
25 watts txd ysrf;rQ &Sdae
wwfygonf/
C. High-Resolution
Screen
HDL pDrHudef;twGuf
wef z d k ; rrsm;aom LCD
screens udk standard tjzpf
oH;k xm;onf/
okYdtwGuf
tm&yf
bmom
uhJokdYaom
pmvHk;rsm;
udak wmh cif;usif;
jyoay;Ekdifrnfh
tajctae r&Sday/ ¤if;
twG u f custom-de-
signed screen wGif 1200
x 900 gray-scale mode
wpfck yg&Sdonf/ ¤if;onf
aea&mifatmufwGif aumif;
pGm zwf½EI idk rf nfyh pkH jH zpfonf/
xk d Y tjyif backlit color
mode aMumifh resolution
edrfhedrfhjzifh cif;usif;jyoay;
onf / Screen twG u f
yg0goHk;pGJrIudk enf;
vrf;ESpfrsKd;jzifh pDpOf
xm;&Sd\/ yxrenf;
vrf ; rS m orm;½d k ; us
laptops trsm;pk w G i f
toHk;jyKavh&Sdaom fluo-
rescent backlight rsm;
xuf yg0g oufomonfh
LEDs ukd toH;k jyKxm;onf/
uGeyf sLwmtaxGaxG
'kwd,enf;vrf;rSm ¤if;rS
monochrome mode jzihf
om tcsdefrsm;rsm; toHk;cs
apNyD; backlight wpfckudk
tcsd e f w k d i f ; toH k ; jyKxm;
onhfyHkpHjzifh uGmjcm;pGm &Sdae
apjcif; jzpfonf/
D. Ruggedization
HDL onf a&ESifh zkef
rsm;'Pfudk cHEkdif&nf&Sdojzifh
uav;i,frsm; toHk;jyK&m
wGif tMurf;cHonhf oabm
obm0 tjynhft0 &Sdaeyg
onf/ xkdYtjyif hard drive
wpf c k t pm; solid-state
memory udk toHk;csxm;
ojzifh ¤if;wGif poly sty-
rene ESifh rubber bumper
wkdY yg&Sdaeonf/ xkdYaemuf
display ay:wGif 2 rDvr D wD m
txl&dS xk;d azmuf jrifEidk af om
yvwfpwpfjym;ESifh toihf
umay;xm;ygonf/
Ref : Technology
Review
uGefysLwm*sme,f
197(c)? yxrxyf?
33 vrf; (txuf)?
&efuek /f
zk;H -387305
67
 uGefysLwmtaxGaxG

Weekend Project :

tqdwfNidrfqHk;yDpDuGe fysLwm
tqdwNf ird q
f ;kH bwf*suf yDpDwpfvHk;jzpfvma&;twGuf atmufazmfjyyg a&G;cs,frI tcGifhtvrf;rsm;ESifhtwl
uGeyf sLwm tpdwt f ykid ;f rsm;udk wyfqifxm;&S&d ygvrd rhf nf/

Power supply
t"du toHqlnH&m ae&mjzpfonf/
yDpDtdrfwpfckvHk;twGuf t"du
avxkwfpepftwGuf
yefum&Sdaeaom aMumifh jzpfonf/

Fan Controller
CPU Cooler Full speed ESifh vnfywfaecsdef
toHqlnHrItwGuf xdkufxdkuf wGifom yefumudk zGifhay;NyD; usef
wefwef avQmhcs Ekdif&ef yefum tao; tcsdefrsm;wGif tvdktavsmuf
av; rsm; wyfqifjcif;xuf 120 rDvD &yfem;xm; apjcif;jzifh qlnHrItoH
rDwm t&G,ftpm; wyfqif&rnf/ oufomaponf/

Graphic card
passive cooling pepfudk
toHk;jyKjcif;jzifh qlnHrI rsm;pGm
avsmhenf;aponf/
Case
toHtwkdif;twm ql nHrI r&Sd[k
tmrcHxm;aom tdrfukd,fxnfudk
oHk;&rnf/

Hard disk
Acoustic isolation housing ukd
wyfqiftoHk; jyKygu toHvHkNcHKrI&Sdonf/

CPU COOLER yDpDwGif wyfqifxm;aom wyf qif xm; oifh onf/ Ultra Low Noise onf 54
omreftm;jzifh yDpDwpf yef u mt&G , f t pm;onf tu,fí a&G;cs,fvdkygu a':vmcefY&Sdum tcsif; 120
vHk;wGifprocessor cooling ao;i,faeygu Fig. 1 wGif yefumtcsif; 80 rDvDrDwm rDvDrDwm&Sdaom Thermal-
system onf qlnHqHk; jzpf jyqdkonfhtwkdif; adaptors &S d a om Arctic Cooling right S1-120 onfvnf;
aponf/ t&G,ftpm;BuD; rsm; cH u m tBuD ; pm;ud k Freezn 64 Pro onf 54 a':vmcefYom &Sdonf/
aom yef u mud k wyf q if ajymif;vJwyfqif&ef vkdtyf a':vm 30 cefY&Sdí yefum (Fig.2 wGif Thermalright
toHk;jyKjcif;tm;jzifh qlnHrI onf / taumif ; qH k ; rS m tcsif; 92 rDvDrDwm&Sdaom S1-120 udk wyfqif,lykHudk
udk oufomapygonf/ rdrd Thermal right S1-120 udk Asetek Vapochill Micro jrifawGYEkdifonf/)

68 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f Zefe0g&v

D ? 2007 ckEpS f
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Cooler units
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tpm;Bu;D Bu;D wpfck wyfqif rDvDrDwmtcsif;&Sdaom Noise blocker NB-X
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ukd,fxnfwyfqifxm;onf
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wGif Silent max HD Si-
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wefaMu;&Sdí HD Silencer
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taejzifhvnf; aqmif&Guf
ay;Ekdifum wefaMu;rSm 71
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(PSU) & CASE
Power Supply Units
(PSU) onf yD p D t at;cH
pepf w G i f rygrjzpf yg&S d
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wGif jrifawGY&ouJhodkY vHk;0
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jzpfwhJ bit udk toHk;rjyKbJ
uGrfwrf,lepfjzpfwhJ qubit
udk toHk;jyKxm;wmaMumifh
uGrw f rfueG yf sLwm (QC) awG
[m pGrf;tm; ydkaumif;aeMu
wmjzpfw,f/ omref *E¦0if
,lepfjzpfwhJ bit [m 0 wpfck
okdYr[kwf 1 wpfck jzpfEkdif
w,f/ qefYusifbufawGudk
twif;tusyf cGJjcm; azmf
xk w f a pwh J wG e f ; tm;oH k ;
rkdufc½kdcspfyf wnfaqmufrI
tqiht f wef;udk tajccHxm;
w,f/ qubit uawmh oleJY
qefYusif uGJvGJw,f/ 0 eJY 1

uGefysLwm*sme,f Zefe0g&Dv? 2007 ckESpf 83

uGeyf sLwmtaxGaxG
wkYdukd twlwuG wnf&adS pNyD;
jzpfay:vmapwhJ taetxm;
aygif; tqrwef rsm;jym;whJ
jzpfEkdifajcawG&Sdw,f/ ae&m
wpfckay:rSm tpufuav;
aygif; rsm;pGm wnf&adS eEkid Mf u
yHkeJY qubit udk yrmjyK awG;q
MunhEf idk yf gw,f/ rlv *E¦0if
1 u ajrmuf0if½kd;pGef;rSm&SdNyD;
0 u awmif0if½;dk pGe;f rSm &Sad e
w,f qkdygawmh/ tJ'DMum;
xJ&Sd tpufwpfpuf (point)
wkdif; qubit t& 0 eJY 1 wkdY&JU
taetxm;aygif; rsm;pGmeJY
jzpfxGef;EkdifwhJ udef;wefzkd;
awG&Sd&m a'oawGygyJ/ tJ'D
vkd &Snfvsm;whJ ae&mwpf
avQmuf vSnhfvnfoGm;vm
EkdifwhJ qubit &JU vGwfvyfrI
u uGrfwrfuGefysLwmawG
twGuf xl;jcm;whJ aqmif
&GufEkdifpGrf;awGudk ay;quf
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'gayr,fh uHraumif;
csifawmh uGrfwrfuGefysLwm
wnfaqmufzkdYqkdwm tvGef
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wpfoD;yk*v ¾ tufwrftkdif;
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awGuhJokdY xnhfydwfxm;whJ
trIefawGeJY jyKvkyfxm;whJ
uGrfwrfypönf;ud&d,mawGeJY
qubit awGudk yHkpH azmfjyrSm
jzpfw,f/ 'gayr,fh tJ'Dvkd
0 eJY 1 tMum; rsm;jym;vGef;
whJ jzpfEidk af jctaetxm;awG
[m uGrfwrf uGefysLwmudk
wnfaqmufxm;who J wåKawG
tygt0if taESmifht,Suf
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rqk d p avmuf Nid o G m ;&if
awmifrS rIe0f g;oGm;Ekid w f ,f/
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awG[m olwkdY&JU ywf0ef;
usif&t dS &mawGeYJ oD;jcm; jzpf
aeatmif *½kwpku d f raqmif
&Gufay;Ekdifbl;qkd&if taESmifh
t,Suaf wG ay:aygufvmNyD;
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twG u f 'D Z k d i f ; yH k p H a zmf z k d Y
trsm;qHk; tav;xm;aqmif
&Guf&wmuawmh qubit awG
eJY olwkdY 0ef;usif&JU wkHYjyefrI
tedrfhqHk; taetxm;&&Sda&;
jzpfw,f/ tqifh 10,000
wkid ;f trSm;t,Gi;f wpfck 0ef;
usifavmufom jzpfapwhJ
EIef;txd avQmhcsEkdifr,fqkd
&if ysufp;D oGm;whJ qubit awG
udk oufom&m&apNyD; tpm;
xkd;ay;&r,fhtpm; jyifqif
csufud&d,m xnhfay;vkduf
&if tqifacsmapEkdifw,f
qkdwmudk okawoDawGu
od&Sdxm;Muw,f/ rSm;,Gif;rI
&mckdifEIef;enf;NyD; vHkavmuf
pGm oD;jcm;&Sad eapr,fh qubit
udef;*Pef; trsm;tjym; &Sd
aeapr,fh tvkyv f yk w f Jh puf
wpfck wnfaqmufa&;[m
½lyaA'ynm&SifawG tvSrf;
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tvkyfwpfck jzpfw,f/
uGrfwrfuGefysLwmudk
tjcm;enf;vrf;awG toH;k jyK
NyD; wnfaqmufr,fh enf;
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ajymif;vJjcif;r&SdwhJ *kPf
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ao;i,fwhJ aESmifh,SufrIawG
u topology qkdif&m *kPf
owådawGudk ajymif;vJrypf
bl;/ BudK;wpfacsmif;ay:rSm
txHk;rygwhJuGif;eJY txHk;yg
whJ uGi;f awG&UJ *kPo f wåad wG
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&Sdw,f/ BudK;uGif;wpfckxJudk
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G &f m ES p f z uf u d k jyef q uf a y;&
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t& wnf a qmuf x m;wh J
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(dimension) awGudk azmfjy
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awGawmifrS yxr trIefxJ
u tDvufx&Gef? y½kdwGef
awGeJY rwlnDMubl;/ olwkdY
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&r,fhtpm; tqifhjrifhpGrf;
tif ½lyaA't&trIefawGeJY

84 uGefysLwm*sme,f Zefe0g&Dv? 2007 ckESpf

uGeyf sLwmtaxGaxG

Topology eJY txH;k rsm;

uGif;ydwfpuf0kdif; (a) &JU topology [m tJ'DBudK;uGif;udk wGef;xkd;NyD; yHkoP²meftopf (b) tjzpf ajymif;ayr,fh
rajymif;vJbl;/ 'gayr,fh txHk; xHk;vdkufwhJ C u jcm;em;rI &Sdvmw,f/ tJ'DtxHk;u BudK;uGif;udk jzwfawmufrI
rjyKvkyfbJ txHk;xHk;vkdY r&Ekdifbl;/ tJ'DjzpfpOft& BudK;udk wGef;½HkavmufeJY jzpfay:vmwhJ taESmifht,Sufay;rIudk
BudK;uGif;&JU topology u cHEkdif&nf&Sdw,f/

qefYusifbuf trIefawG[m
oihfavsmfwhJ vIyf&Sm;rIeJY ESpf
zufjrifuGif;&Sd tDvufx&Gef
epfpepftwkid ;f vIy&f mS ; cHpm;
aeMuw,f/ uGmqDtrIeaf wG
[m vkdovkd wGufvkdY&whJ
ocFsm*kPfowådawG&SdNyD; an-
yons vdYk ac:whJ txl; wnf
aqmufxm;whJ yHkoP²mef
wpfrsKd;jzpfw,f/
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wGucf sufa&;wpfck toGiw f l
aewhJ udpw ö pfck jzpfw,f/
yxrqHk; anyons pHkwGJav;
awG zefwD;&w,f/ NyD;awmh
olwkdYudk BudK;rQifwef;xJrSm
tvsm;vku d f ae&mcsxm;ay;
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pGrf;tifoefYoefYawGudk zef
wD;ay;ygw,f/
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vufjzpfay:rIt& olY rsuf
apmif;xkd;&Sd trIefawGudk a&GU
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wef; urÇmtoD;oD;udk BudK;
wpfacsmif;pDtjzpf zGUJ wnfae
apw,f/ tJ'Denf;twkdif;
trI e f a wG [ m tcsif ; csif ;
zvS,faeMuwmaMumifh an-
yons awG&JU vIyf&Sm;rIawGu
tJ'DBudK;awGudk pkpnf;xm;
whJ uspfqHNrD;wpfck jzpfvm
apw,f/ tJ'Dvkd txl;jyKrI
toD;oD;eJY wnf&adS ewhJ uspf
qHNrD;xJrSm uGefysLwm wGuf
csuf r I a wG jyKvk y f M uvd r f h
r,f/ uGefysLwm wGufcsufrI
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anyons wk d Y & J U aemuf q H k ;
tajctaeawGudk qHk;jzwf
ay;r,fholuawmh tJ'D uspf
qHNrD;ygyJ/ b,fvkd tDvuf
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jzwfay;rSm r[kwfbl;/ NyD;
awmh tJ'D uspfqHNrD;udk to-
pology enf ; t& wnf
aqmufxm;wmaMumifh BudK;
rQifawGudk wGef;tm; tenf;
tusOf;om oufa&mufap
vdrfhr,f/ 'gaMumifh uspfqH
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1997 ckESpfrSm tqkdjyKchJwm
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&Sdw,fvkdYawmh 1988 ckESpf
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86 uGefysLwm*sme,f Zefe0g&Dv? 2007 ckESpf

 uGeyf sLwmtaxGaxG

wkad y:v*dk seD nf;ynmoH;k uGrw

f rfuGeyf sLwmwGucf suyf kH
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vnfwhJtwkdif; zvS,fjcif;wkdYygyJ/ urÇmhavaMumif;vkdif;awG[m jzpfEdkiforQ uspfqHNrD;awG uspfapzkdY vSnfhajymif;
wGef;tm;ay;aeMuw,f/
em&DvufwH vnfwhJ em&DvufwH ajymif;jyef
tajzxkwaf y;whJ uspq
f NH r;D tajzxkwaf y;whJ uspq
f NH r;D
twkid ;f zvS,jf cif; vnfwhJtwkdif; zvS,fjcif;

uGeyf sLwm wGucf sujf cif;

yxrOD;pGm anyons pHkwGJav;awGudk zefwD;NyD; uGefysLwmwGufcsuf&mrSm
toHk;jyKwhJ qubit awGudkazmfjyzkdY twef;vkduf ae&mcsxm;&w,f/ wpfpHk
wpf&maomjzpf&yf&JU tpOfqufwkdif;rSm eD;pyfpGm anyons awG zvS,f
aejcif;jzifh anyons awGudk vSnhfywfa&GUvsm;aeapw,f/ tJ'Da&GUvsm;rI
awGu qubits awGtay: tm;xm;aqmif&Guf&whJvkyfief;awGudk jzpfap
w,f/ aemufqHk;rSmawmh eD;pyf&m anyons av;awG[m pHkwGJjzpfoGm;whJ
tcgrSm uGefysLwmwGufcsufrIawG xGufay:vmapwhJ twkdif;twmawG
aqmif&Gufvmygw,f/ tJ'Dvkd xGufay:vmwhJtajz[m anyons awG&JU
tudkiftwG,faumif;pGm xkwfvkyfrIjzpfwhJ wpfoD;yk*¾v uspfqHNrD;
uspfjcif;qkdif&m topology tay:rSm rlwnfaeygw,f/ Anyons
awG&JU aESmuf,SufrIawGu topology udk rajymif;vJapbl;/ 'gaMumifh
trSm;t,Gif;awGjzpf&whJ yHkrSeft&if;tjrpfawG uif;pifwhJ uGefysLwm
wGufcsufrIudk jyKvkyfapygvdrfhr,f/

wuúaA'uswJh *dwaf yguf wpfck wnfaqmufjcif;

wuúaA'uswhJ *dwfaygufudk CNOT *dwfaygufvkdY odxm;Muw,f/ Anyons 6 ck uspfxm;whJ uspfqHNrD;wpfck&JU xkwfvkyfrIvkdY

&nfnTef;w,f/ CNOT wpfcku qubit 2 ck ,loGif;w,f/ NyD;awmh qubit 2 ckudk xkwfvkyfay;w,f/ Fibo-nacci anyon vkdY
ac:qkdavmufwhJ tpdrf;eJYtjym anyon 3 `rTmyl;awGu tJ'D qubits awGudk vma&mufae&m,lapw,f/ uspfqHNrD;uspfwhJtcgrSm
xl;jcm;whJpH &Sdw,f/ ae&mwpfae&mrSm anyons 3 `rTmyl;wpfck csefxm;&pfw,f/ NyD;awmh tJ'D anyon awG&JU ywfywfvnfrSm
&SdaeMuwhJ tjcm; 3 `rTmyl; wpfckxJrS anyon 2 ckudk a&TUypfvkdufw,f/ txl;pDrHxm;whJ uGefysLwmwGufcsufjcif;[m *dwfayguf
'DZkdif;yHkpH wnfaqmufjcif;eJY qufET,f ywfoufaew,f/ 'Dvkd uspfqHjrD;uspfjcif;jzifh CNOT wpfck xkwfvkyfay;whJtcgrSm
rSm;,Gif;EkdifrIyrmPu 10-3 yJ &Sdw,f/

uGefysLwm*sme,f Zefe0g&Dv? 2007 ckESpf 87

uGeyf sLwmtaxGaxG
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yd&k n S vf sm;pGm wGucf suf rae anyon toH;k jyKenf;pepf[m Anyon qkw
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B &JU wnfae&mawGukd tjyef
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tJ'D tDvufx&Gef 2 ckudk
ajymif;vJ ae&mcsxm;ay;

88 uGefysLwm*sme,f Zefe0g&Dv? 2007 ckESpf

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uGefysLwm*sme,f Zefe0g&Dv? 2007 ckESpf
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 uGeyf sLwmtaxGaxG
wkad y:v*dk sD enf;ynmoH;k uGeyf sLwmwGucf surf I trSm;rsm; vm;&mtwkdif; vnfywf&m
rSm vm;&m ajymif;jyef vnf
Anyon axmufvrS ;f ol (pHpk rf;ol) ywfrIrsKd;awG tqufrjywf
ta&mifjc,fxm;whJ rkdufu½kd*&yfxJu ud&d,mudk ]Avm'Drm a*s *dk;vf'fref;}
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10 milikelvins txd tat;cHxm;w,f/ NyD;awmh tm;aumif;whJ wkday:vkd*sD enf;t&
oHvkdufpufuGif;xJrSm csxm;vkdufw,f/ tDvufx&Gef 4 vHk; vSnhfywf uG r f w rf u G e f y sLwm wnf
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awGukd zvS,rf I jyKapwhJ udpö
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AkdYtm;udk toHk;cs&if; *dwfaygufudk vufOD;rI &,lxm;&r,f/ 'D anyon pHkwGJwpfcku vufOD;rI&,lxm;whJ
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ö dk jzwfoef;
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&Sdae&ifawmh olwkdYawG[m
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awG jzpfaeayvdrhfr,f/
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uGefysLwm*sme,f Zefe0g&Dv? 2007 ckESpf 91

uGeyf sLwmtaxGaxG
uawmh uGmqDtrIefawG[m
abelian trSefwu,f uif;
pifw,fvkdY ckdifckdifrmrm ,Hk
MunfaeMuw,f/
uspq f NH r;D zsm;eJY *dwaf ygurf sm;
Abelian uif;whJ an-
yons awG &NyDqkdwmeJY wpf
NydKifeufwnf; uspfqHNrD;tkyf
pkvkdYac:whJ ½lyaA'qkdif&m
wifjycsufwpfckudk pwif
toufoGif;EkdifygNyD/ tJ'D
ocsFmynm&yfqkdif&m wnf
aqmufxm;rIu BudK;rQifawG
ukd uspfqHNrD;uspfwhJ enf;
vrf;tm;vHk;udk azmfjyay;ae
ygw,f/ em&Dvufwt H wkid ;f
vSnhfvnf&ifjzpfap? ajymif;
jyef vSnhfvnf&ifjzpfap eD;
pyf&m BudK;rQif 2 ckudk a&GU
vsm;apwhJtcgrSm tajccH
aqmif & G u f r I a wG tquf
rjywf qufwkdufjzpfay:vm
NyD; uspfqHNrD; uspfay;Ekdifyg
vdrfhr,f/ Anyons awG BudK;
ukdifjc,fvS,fEkdifjcif;aMumifh
jzpf a y:vmwh J jzpf E k d i f a jc
tpOfwidk ;f [m uspfqNH rD;wpf
acsmif;eJY wlnDaeygw,f/
uG r f w rf uG e f y sLwm
wpfcktwGif;rSm qubits tm;
vH;k &JU pwifO;D aqmif vIy&f mS ;
whJ tajctaerS aemufqHk;
tajctaetxd oG m ;vm
vIyf&Sm;chJwhJ vkyfief;pOfudk
92
qubits tm;vH k ; &J U aygif ;
pnf; vdIif;zef&Sif&JU ajr§muf
azmfudef; Matrix uGef&uf
wpfckeJY azmfjyay;ygw,f/
tvm;wlyJ wkday:vkd*sDenf;
ynmoHk; uGrfwrfuGefysLwm
xJu tjzpftysufawGudk
&Sif;vif;pGm od&SdEkdifygw,f/
tJ'v D dk jzpfysufaepOfrmS awmh
anyon awG udkifwG,faqmif
&GufaeMuwhJ tpOftqufeJY
eD;pyfvmaewhJ oD;jcm;uspf
qHNrD;wpfacsmif;eJY zGJUpnf;
xm;whJt&mwpfck[m tJ'D
uGef&ufyJ jzpf yg w,f/
'gaMumifh uGrw f rfueG yf sLwm
wGucf sujf cif;aMumifh jzpfay:
vmwhJ anyons awG&JU tajz
udk qufvuf azmfxkwfwhJ
vkyfief;pOf jzpfay:vmyg
w,f/
aemufta&;BuD;whJ zGJU
pnf;yHkuawmh ckdifrmaocsm
rI&Sda&; jzpfw,f/ uRefawmf
wkdY&JU uGrfwrfuGefysLwm[m
rlvvufa[mif;uGefysLwm
uhJodkY uGefysLwmwkdif;vkdyJ
aqmif & G u f a y;Ek d i f o vm;/
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wuúodkvfrS ]rkdufu,fvm
qif} eJY ]pif[efa0gif} (,ck
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oufaojyochw J m&Syd gw,f/
wkday:vkd*sD enf;ynmoHk;
uGefysLwmawG[m uGrfwrf
uGefysLwmtrsKd;tpm;wpfck
&JU wGucf sufryI pkH rH sKd;udk trSef
wu,f wlnDoa,mif &Sdyg
w,f/ 'gayr,fh tJ'g[m
teD;pyfqHk; [efaqmifwkyrI
om jzpfw,f/
uGefysLwm*sme,f Zefe0g&Dv? 2007 ckESpf
2005 ckESpfrSm zavmf&D
'g wuúodkvfrS ]eDudkvyfpf
tD;bGeef pJ wD;vf} eJY tzGUJ om;
awGu txl;jyKaqmif&GufrI
awG ay;pGrf;r,fh uGefysLwm
wGucf sufa&;twGuf uspfqH
NrD;awG &SmazG&whJ jyóem
wpf&yfuw kd ifjyvmMuw,f/
ajz&Sif;zkdY tm;xkwfMuw,f/
olwkdYawGu wdusrSefuefwhJ
jyorIwpfcjk yKvkycf MJh uw,f/
Anyons 6 ckudk uspfqHNrD;
uspf x m;jcif ; jzif h 2/10 3
wdus rSefuefapr,fh *dwf
ayguftjzpf NOT odYk r[kwf
CNOT ukd xdef;csKyfxm;½Hk
jzpfaprIwpfc&k UJ wnfaqmuf
yHkudk jyochJwm jzpfw,f/
CNOT *dwaf ygufu tenf;
i,f xd e f ; csKyf r I w pf c k e J Y
tenf;i,fypfrw S af y;rIwpfck
wkdYudk &,lw,f/ xdef;csKyfrI
control u 1 qkd&if ypfrSwf
target u 0 rS 1 udk a&GUvsm;
aer,f/ 'grSr[kwf tjyef
tvSefajymif;vJrIjzpfpOf jzpf
aevdrfhr,f/ Oyrm target 1
qkd&if control 1 u 0 rS 1
udk a&GUvsm;r,f/ Control
bit, forget bit vkYdac:whJ bits
awGu ajymif;vJ jzpfay:
rvmbl;/ Qubits awGudk
vIyf&Sm;apjcif;jzifh b,fvkd
uGefysLwm wGufcsufrIrsKd;
rqkd CNOT *dwaf ygufawG&UJ
tom;wifvkyfief;wpfckrS
aeNyD; &,l wnfaqmufEkdif
ygw,f/ ½IyfaxG;whJ qifhuJ
tyd k a qmif ; rI u wpf o D ;
yk*¾v qubits awG&JU udkif
wG,f aqmif&GufrIvkyfief;
jzpfwhJ tjcm; vkyfief;wpfck
udk aqmif&Gufygvdrfhr,f/
olwYdk&UJ wifjyrIaMumifh wkad y:
vkd*sDenf;ynmoHk; uGrfwrf
uGefysLwmawG[m tjcm;
uGrfwrf uGefysLwmawGvkd
aqmif&GufEkdifaMumif; ckdifrm
tm;aumif;pGm azmfxw k cf suf
topfwpfcv k nf; jzpfw,f/
uGrfwrfuGefysLwmawG
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awG aqmif&GufEkdifrIr&SdwhJ
t&mawGudk pGrf;aqmifay;
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vdk*sDenf;ynmoHk; uGefysL
wmwpfvHk;u omref uGrf
wrfuGefysLwmwpfvHk;xuf
pGrf;tm;ydkaumif;aew,fqkd
wm jzpfEkdifyghrvm;/
z&D;ref;? uDwmtJAfeJY
a0gifwkdY oufaojyxm;whJ
aemufxyf oDtkd&Dwpfckt&
jzpfEkdifajcr&Sdbl;vkdY qkdyg
w,f/ omref uGrfwrfuGef
ysLwmwpfvHk;udk t<uif;rhJ
wdusrSefuefapwhJ pGrf;tm;
wyfqifay;NyD; wkday:vkd*sD
enf;ynmoHk; uGefysLwmvdk
aqmif&GufapEdkifaMumif; ol
wkdYu o½kyfjyochJMuw,f/
t"dymÜ ,fuawmh wkad y:vk*d sD
enf;ynmoHk; uGrfwrfuGef
ysLwm&JU wGufcsufEkdifpGrf;
rsKd;udk omref uGefysLwmu
vnf; aqmif&u G Ef idk w
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rSm olwdkYarQmfrSef;xm;ovdk ajymcsiw f muordik ;f &JUajymif; toHk;cs&r,f? b,fvdk rjzpf rD',D maygif;pH&k UJ acwfumv
jzpfrvmbJ awG;rxifxm; vJrIqkdwm wm;vdkYr&ygbl;/ csifwmawG a&Smifwdrf;Ekdif& ajymif;vJrI&JU wifjycsufxJ
wJh jyóemawGudkyJ awGU& wpfe,fvHk; zkef;r&Sdcifu r,fqkdwm odrSjzpfygr,f/ rSm txifBuD;p&mZmwfaumif
NyD; pdwful;xJuvdk uGefysL tdrrf mS zke;f r&Sb d J vkyif ef;vkyf avmurSmrajymif;vJbJ tNrJ jzpfwhJ uGeyf sLwmudk av;pm;
wmu ukd,fhukd vkyfray;bl; &wm bmrQrjzpfEkdifayr,fh &Sdaer,fh wpfckwnf;aom rd&mu aMumfjim&SifawG&JU
qkdwmawGUNyD; pdwfukefoGm; vkyfief;wkdif; zkef;oHk;vmMu t&m[m ajymif ; vJ j cif ; yJ oifhvkyfief;ukd rdrdwdkYpepfu
qkdwm arhxm;vdkY r&ygbl;/ &Sif;ay;r,fqkdwmawGudk ,Hk
vuf&Sd enf;ynmajymif;vJrI vdkUjzpfap? rdrdpdwfxJrSm prf;
[m EkdifiHBuD;awG&JU? olaX; Munhfcsifw,fqkdwJh pdwfeJY
BuD;awG&UJ b0uko d m ajymif; uGefysLwmudk p0,favh&SdMu
aewm r[kwfygbl;/ EkdifiH ygw,f/ NyD;&if uGefysLwm
wkid ;f &JU vlwef;pm; toD;oD; ukdifwwfoludk ac:cefYwwf
&JU b0udk ajymif;vJEkdifwJh Muw,f/ 'grSr[kwf oif
txd ½dkufcwfvmaeygNyD/ wef;wufMuw,f/ NyD;&if
qkdvdkcsifwmuawmh igwkdYeJU pm&if ; awG uG e f y sLwmxJ
'gayr,fh vufawGU rSm olwaYkd rQmrf eS ;f xm;ovdk rqkdifbl; qkdwJhol r&Sdygbl;/ xnf h z d k Y Bud K ;pm;Muw,f /
jzpfrvmbJ awG;rxifxm; wJh jyóemawGuykd J wpfcsed cf sed rf mS awmh vma&muf aemufqHk;rSm uGefysLwm[m
ywf o uf v mygvd r h f r ,f / pmvHk;av;awGudk vSatmif
awG&U Ny;D pdwu
f ;l xJuvdk uGeyf sL wmu uk, d u
hf dk 'grSr[kwf ud, k [f m tvdv k kd ½dkufay;wJh ypönf;tjzpfeJU
vkyrf ay;bl; qkw d mawGNY y;D pdwu
f ek o
f mG ; ab;xGufoGm;&ygvdrhfr,f/ om rdrdwdkYvkyfief;rSm toHk;
avmavmq,f a,bk awmfcH&wJh b0rSmyJ auseyf
wwfMuolawG &So d vdk . . . . ,sawG ab;csdwfNyD; vuf ae&pfwmudk awGU&ygw,f/

uGeyf sLwm*sme,f Zefe0g&v

D ? 2007 ckEpS f 105
 txl;aqmif;yg;
bmaMumifh 'gawGjzpf&yg
ovJ / ud k , f Ó Pf y l a Zmf c
ay;NyD; q&mwifxm;wJh uGef
ysLwmynm&S i f q k d w mawG
bmaMumif h &S i f ; ray;Ek d i f
ovJ/
wu,fawmh 'g[m 'D
vkyfief;&Sif&JU tjypf r[kwf
ygbl;/ olY&JUtm;enf;csuf
vnf; r[kwfygbl;/ bmvdkY
vJ q k d a wmh uRef a wmf w d k Y
ywf0ef;usifrSm &meJUcsDwJh
pD;yGm;a&; vkyfief;&SifawG
'DvdkyJ BuHKcJh&w,f/ NGO
tzGJUawGvnf; 'DvkdyJ jzpfMu
w,f/ tzGJUtpnf;wdkif; jzpf
Mur,f xifygw,f/ avm
avmq,f jyóem&JUtajz
udk r&Smcif 'Djzpf&yfawG&JU
vufonfudk t&if&SmMu&
atmif/ jzpf&r,fh taMumif;
awGudk uRefawmfwdkY awG;q
aqG;aEG;MunhfMu&atmif/
tqifajyatmif oHk;Ekdifol
awG (jynfwGif;? jynfytpHk
aygh)&JU xl;jcm;csufuav;
awGudk avhvmMunhfMu&
atmif/ 'gqkd&if uRefawmf
wkdY tm;vHk;twGuf tajz
awGYr,fvYkd ,HMk unfygw,f/
yxrOD;qHk; uRefawmfjrifwJh
ud p ö u ol w d k Y w pf a wG [ m
106
uGeyf sLwmud0k ,fNyD; bmvkyf
&rvJqw dk mudpk Of;pm;wmrsKd;
r[kwfbJ olwdkYbmvkyfcsif
w,f? bmjzpfcsifw,f? bm
vdkcsifw,fqkdwmudk rlwnf
NyD; 'gawGjzpfzdkY txda&muf
qHk;? toufomqHk;? toHk;
0ifqHk; pepfudk a&G;cs,fNyD;rS
0,f,l&mrSm uGefysLwmyg
vmwmudk awGU&ygw,f/
wu,fvdkY vkyfief;rSm rvdk
&if ZGwrf xnfyh gbl;/ aemuf
wpfckjrifrdwmu &SdwJh bwf
*sufudk ypönf;awGcsnf; 0,f
rypf b J a&&S n f t wG u f
vlom;t&if;tjrpf p&dwf?
oifwef;p&dwf? enf;ynm
0efaqmifrIp&dwf? tBuHay;
zke;f r&Scd ifu tdrrf mS
zke;f r&Sb d J vkyif ef;
vky&f wm bmrQ
rjzpfEidk af yr,fh
vkyif ef;wkid ;f
zke;f oH;k vmMu csed f
uk, d rf oH;k &if
uk,d v hf yk if ef;
xdcu kd v f mEkid of vd.k ...
uGeyf sLwm*sme,f Zefe0g&v
p&dwf? ta&;ay: ajz&Sif;rI
p&dwf pwmawGudkyg rlvu
wnf;u wGufcsuf toHk;jyK
cJhMuwmudk awGU&ygw,f/
Project Management eJY
vufawGUuswJh Plan awG
[m bmrQrvk y f c if ? bm
ypön;f rQ r0,fcifrSm ta&;yg
cJhMuygw,f/ olwdkYwpfawG
[m ynm&Sifudk tcaMu;aiG
eYJ olwdkY tvkyfudk Edkifeif;pGm
jyifqifEkdifwJh Hardware
ynm&S i f a wG q D u tBuH
ÓPfawGoufoufeJY olwdkY
tvkyfudk tm;udk;NyD; rvkyf
Muygbl ; / wpf c k c k j zpf & if
bmjzpfrSef;odzkdY&,f? b,f
vdv k yk &f if &w,fqw dk m odzYkd
&,fudk tajccHNyD;rS pOf;pm;
olawG[m cufceJ ufeaJ pwm
jzpfygw,f/ vkyfief;wpfck
vHk;&JU Procedure udk ajymif;
zdkYpOf;pm;&if vlom;t&if;
tjrpf udkifwG,fzdkYeJY tm;vHk;
ajymif;vJr,fhvkyfief;pOfukd
&Sif;&Sif;vif;vif; odjrifNyD;
pdwfygvufyg yg0ifEkdifzdkY
wGurf xm;wJh tcuftcJawG
ay:vm&if &Si;f zdYk yg vkt d yfwhJ
twGuf tcsdefumv tenf;
i,f vdo k vdt
k m;vH;k yl;aygif;
aqmif&GufzdkYvnf; vdktyfyg
w,f/ bmvdkYvJqkdawmh vl
awG[m udk,frajymif;csifbJ
ajymif;&wJh ajymif;vJrIukd
wG e f ; vS e f w wf a vh & S d N yD ;
tqifajyovdk yHkrSefae&wm
BudKufwJhvlawG trsm;pkjzpf
aevdkYygyJ/ uGefysLwmudk vl
awGu tm;rud;k MubJ tjrif
uwfvm&if vkyfief;rSm xif
D ? 2007 ckEpS f
ovdk rjzpfvmEkdifawmhyg
bl;/
aemufxyf uRefawmf
wkdYwpfawG&JU tm;enf;csuf
wpfcku vkyfief;awGrSm wd
uswJh vkyfxHk;vkyfenf; pepf
eJY &SdwJhpepfudk oHk;oyfxm;
wm r&SdMuygbl;/ pm&if;udk
Avmpmtkyf wpftkyfxJrSm
rSwfxm;wJh vkyfief;udk uGef
ysLwma&mufvm&ifpmvHk;
vSvSav;eJY rSwfjzpfoGm;NyD;
tcsdefMumwmyJ tzwfwif
vmrSmyg/ vuf&Sdvkyfaewm
BuD;udk Program a&;cdkif;NyD;
oHk;&if Program rrSm;bl;
qkd&ifawmif xda&mufwJh
uGefysLwm toHk;csrI jzpf
rvmEkdifygbl;/ aemufwpfck
u vkyfNyD;om; Program
awGo;kH NyD; pm&if;vkyw f mawG
vkyif ef;oH;k wmawG[mvnf;
Turning rvkyE f idk &f if olrsm;
rsufrSef iSm;wyf&ovdk ydkrl;
wmyJ tzwfwifaeygvdrhf
r,f / bmvd k Y vJ q k d a wmh
wpfEkdifiHeJY wpfEkdifiH vkyfief;
wpfckeJYwpfck rwlwmawG?
oHk;r&wmawG? vkdwmawG
tNrJ jcm;em;aerSmyg/ 'g
aMumifh rdred YJ awmfr,fh tusÐ
a&G;0,fovkd Software udk
aocsmavhvm &SmazGrSef;vdkY
&Muygw,f/ Software a&;
wJh olawGvnf; trsm;pk
0,foHk;NyD; tpOfrjywf Ser-
vice ay;zdkY vHk;yrf;Muwmudk
awGU&ygw,f/ NcHKNyD; ajym&
&if uRefawmfwkdYqDrSm vkyf
ief;awG[m rdom;pkvkyfief;
qefwmaMumifh Account-

ing pepfukd tm;udk;avh r&Sd
wm&,f? qkd&S,fvpf&JU qkd;
arGtjzpf pm&if;udk aMumuf
MuwmawG? rdom;pkvkyfief;
u rcsJU&JwmawG? refae*sm
qkdwm acgif;yHkjzwfolvdkY
uGefjrLepfqefqef jrifNyD;
oD;jcm;uRr;f usiof w l pfa,muf
vdk oabmrxm;EkdifwmawG
&,f[mratmifjrifr&I UJ w&m;cH
awGtjzpf uRefawmf jrifae
ygw,f/
aemuf w&m;cHawGu
awmh jynfwGif;rSmvdktyfwJh
Software awG a&;ay;wJh
Programmer wcsKdUyg? ol
wdkY[m uGefysLwmtpDtpOf
a&;qG J w muvG J N yD ; bmrQ
rodayr,fh vkyfief;&SifawG
udk uGefysLwmqkdwm 'Dvkd
oHk;&w,f? 'Dvdk rvkyf&bl;/
'Dvkdvkyf&w,feJY q&mvkyf
NyD; olwdkY a&;wJh? tvGef
aumif;rGeyf gw,fvYkd olwYk[ d m
olwdkYajymwJh? olwdkY Pro-
gram udk roHk;wwf&if oHk;
olnHhvdkY qkdwJhrleJY aps;a&mif;
Muygw,f/ enf;ynm em;
rvnfwJh vkyfief;&Sifcrsm
udk,fu customer jzpf&JUeJU
[kwfrSmygqkdNyD; vdkufavsm
&mu aiGukefvlyifyef;NyD;
c&D;rwGifwmawG jzpfvm
Mu&ygw,f / wu,f v d k Y
vkyfief;&Sif&JU vdktyfcsufudk
uGefysLwm tool udk oHk;NyD;
olu Service ay; ajz&rSm
udk oabmraygufMubl;/
t"du uawmh Interna-
tional tdwfpykdY &SmvkdaeMu
ao;wmyJvdkY xifygw,f/
uGeyf sLwmpepf
qkw d mvnf; 'Dvydk gy?J
temeJaY q;wnhrf S
tusK;d rsm;ovdk
pepfwuso;kH wwf
zktYd wGuf ypön;f xuf
vl&UJ Knowledge
eYt
J awGt U BuKH ?
oH;k oyfraI wGeYJ
enf;ynm
aygi;f wwfzYkd
vdyk gw,f/
vk y f i ef ; &S i f b uf u
wGurf &wJh tjcm;tcsufawG
u jynf y u software
awG[m w&m;r0ifoHk;&NyD;
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wGi;f rSm abmif0ifwmawG yg
yJ/ jynfwiG ;f y½d*k &rfawG[m
*kda'gifudk tzDcs&if; aetdrf
jzpfomG ;ovdk vko d vdjk yifa&;
&if; Software vdkY ajymvm
MuwJh[mawG ygvmawmh
ab;xG u f jyóemawG e J Y
Documentation r&S d w J h
jyóemawG ay:vmapwm
ygyJ/ wpfzufu Munhfjyef
awmhvnf; jynfwGif;aps;
uGurf &Sad wmh 'Dvyk if ef;&Siu f kd
Play Ground tjzpf toHk;
jyKNyD; a&;&if;avhusifh? wwf
&if jynfyxGufvkyfMuwmeJY
wcsKdUusawmhvnf; tqif
rajywmawG jzpf v myg
uGeyf sLwm*sme,f Zefe0g&v
D ? 2007 ckEpS f
w,f / Program awG u
pif u myl a vmuf ray;vd k Y
qk d a yr,f h vuf a wG U rS m
Program emrnfcHomwlNyD;
jynfyEdkifiHawGu Program
(Oyrm oD&dvuFm? tdEd´,)
awGavmuf Quality wl&if
aps;avQmhatmif ra&;Ekdifyg
bl;/ 'DvkdjzpfaewJh MuufOeJY
Muufr jyóemudk 0dkif;0ef;
ajz&Sif;MuzkdY tcsdefwefaeyg
NyD/
aemufwpfcsuftaeeJY
ajym&&if vk y f i ef ; awG r S m
Procedure awG? pepfawGr&Sd
wJh udpöawG? Form awGeJY
aocsmroH k ; MuwJ h u d p ö r sm;
awGU&ygw,f/ uGefysLwm
oH k ; zk d Y q k d w m[m pmMunh f
wkdufBuD;wpfckudk pDrHwmeJY
pmtkyftiSm;qkdifudk pDrHwm
qkd&if pmMunhfwkdufBuD;u
ykdvG,fygw,f/ bmvdkYvJqkd
awmh uwfuavmufawG &Sd
w,f/ 0ifwmxGuw f m? xm;
wm pepfusatmif tkyfpkawG
&Sdw,f/ pmtkyftiSm;qkdif
uawmh raocsmra&&mwm
txl;aqmif;yg;
awG rsm;NyD; tvkyfvkyfaeMu
w,f/ 'gaMumifh pmMunhf
wkdufBuD;udkom uGefysLwm
oHk;vdkY&NyD; pmtkyftiSm;qkdif
udk uGefysLwmpepf oHk;&cuf
apwmygyJ/ 'Dvydk J rdrw d Ydk vyk f
ief;awGudk pepfusatmif
vk y f r xm;&if a&a&&m&m
pepfawGr&Sd&if uGefysLwm
oH;k zkYd rpOf;pm;wm aumif;yg
w,f/ 'gaMumifh pD;yGm;a&;
vkyfief;awGrSm uGefysLwm
oH;k wJph epf ra&mufcif pD;yGm;
a&;ynm&SifawGudk avhvm
NyD; vufawGUoHk;Ekdifatmif
t&ifp&r,fo h abm &Syd gvdrfh
r,f/ Team Work udk ykdNyD;
yDjyifatmif jyifqifEkdif&yg
r,f / Report pepf a wG
aumif;rGefNyD;om; jzpf&yg
r,f / tar&d u m;rS m e-
commerce atmif j rif a e
wm[m rlv&SdNyD; pmwkdufu
Order rSma&mif;wJhpepfudk
jr§ifhvdkufwmygyJ/
csKyfNyD;ajym&&if 96 yg;
pvkH;aysmufwJh aq;wpfrsKd;
qkdwm r&Sdovkd uGefysLwm
107
 txl;aqmif;yg;
pepfqkdwmvnf; 'DvkdygyJ?
temeJYaq;wnhfrS tusKd;
rsm;ovdk pepfwusoHk;wwf
zkdYtwGuf ypönf;xuf vl&JU
Knowledge eYt J awGUtBuHK?
oHk;oyfrIawGeJY enf;ynm
aygif;wwfzdkY vdkygw,f/
pmtkyf&JUoabm[m rdrdrSwf
om;vdw k mrSwo f m;jzefYa0Ekid f
jcif;eJY w,fvzD ek ;f &JU oabm
[m tvdk&Sd&m zkef;&Sdolcsif;
qufoG,fNyD; tjyeftvSef
pum;ajymwmygyJ/ pmtkyf
xJrSm ynm&Sdwm? tvdr®m
&Sdwm vlxnhf&ovdk zkef;
wpfvHk;&JU wefzkd;[m tusKd;
&SdrI[m toHk;csrIay: rlwnf
&yHkavmufygyJ/ 'DvkdyJ uGef
ysLwm[m 'DvkdpmawG? toH
awGomru ½kyfawG? tBuH
ÓPfawG? Procedure awG
udk odrf;r,f? &Smr,f? oGm;
r,fqw dk mudkjrefqefoufom
wdusatmif vkyfwmyJ&Sdyg
w,f/ 'Dvdk aocsmoabm
ayguf&if uRefawmfwYdk olYukd
cdik ;f pm;vdYk &ygNyD/ aocsmwm
olYukd udk;uG,fvdkY r&ygbl;/
olYrmS ÓPfr&Syd gbl;/ Tools
wpfck qkdwmukdyJ owd&ae
108
rSmyg/ 'gayr,fh w,fvDzkef;
wefzdk;? um;wefzdk;? pmtkyf
wefzdk;awGeJY csifhcsdefNyD; olYudk
b,f a vmuf wef a tmif
oHk;vdkY&w,fqkdwm owd
xm;oifhygw,f/ uRefawmf
Mum;zl;wJh yHkjyifav;wpfyk'f
ukd wifjyyg&ap/ 19 &mpk
aESmif;ykdif;avmuf a&eHeJY
<u,f0wJh olaX;BuD;wpfOD;
[m NrdKUay:rSm emrnfBuD;ae
wJh armfawmfum;qkdwmudk
vSrf;0,fcdkif;vkdufygw,f/
um;ay:cgp tcsdefavmuf
uayghaemf/ tJ'Dum;vnf;
a&mufvma&m olaX;BuD;[m
olpD;aeus av;aumifwGJ
jrif;&xm;BuD;ae&mrSm 'Dum;
udk oHk;zdkYum;udk oloHk;aeus
jrif;av;aumifwyfNyD; qGJNyD;
oGm;vmowJh/ tJ'DrSm ol
rS w f c suf c swmu Nrd K UrS m
emrnfBuD;wJh armfawmfum;
[m ighrv l &xm;vH;k avmuf
rjrefbl;? raumif;bl;qkdyJ/
uRefawmfwdkYwpfawGvnf;
twGif;rSmygwJh tif*sif&JU
pGrf;tm;udk rodbJ roHk;bJ
vkyfaeus jrif;eJYqGJMunhfNyD;?
raumif;bl;? rjrefbl;vkyf
uGeyf sLwm*sme,f Zefe0g&v
ovdk rjzpfatmif BudK;pm;Mu
zdkY vdkygw,f/ 'grS uGefysL
wm oH;k &ifyMdk umw,f? yku d ek f
w,f? ykdcufw,fqkdwm&JU
tajzudk awGUEkdifr,f xifyg
w,f/ enf;ynmeJY touf
arG;olawGbufu owdxm;
&rSmuvnf; olwdkY&JU a&mif;
uke[ f mtodynmeJY0efaqmif
rIqkdwmudk owd&aeoifhyg
w,f/ pufa&mif;0,fvdkYwif
r&ygbl;/ pmoifw,fvdkY
wif ajymr&ygbl;/ t*Fvdyf
vdk a&;xm;wJh enf;ynm
pmtkyfudk bmomjyef zwfjy
wm Knowledge Transfer
rjzpfao;ygbl;/ tcsKyftm;
jzifh jyefajym&&if uGefysLwm
om0,fo;kH vdu k &f ifighvyk if ef;
tm;vHk;ajyvnfoGm;r,fqkd
wJh tpGef;udk rxGufrdapzdkY
ICT acwfjzpfayr,fh uGey f sL
wmacwfvdkY em;vnfraezdkY
vk d y gw,f / ICT qk d w m
owif;tcsut f vufeYJ quf
oG,fa&; enf;ynmjzpfjyD;
owif;tcsut f vufeUJ quf
oG,frIxdef;csKyfwJhenf;wdkYu
t"duyg/ ypönf;u r&Sdrjzpf
ygaeayr,fh t"du r[kwf
ygbl;/
aocsmwm olu Y dk
ud;k uG,vf Ykd r&ygb;l /
olrY mS ÓPfr&Syd gb;l /
Tools wpfck
qkw d mukyd J
owd&aerSmyg/
D ? 2007 ckEpS f
aemuf 'kwd,tydkif;eJY
ywfoufNyD; uRefawmhftjrif
ud k quf v uf w if j yvd k y g
w,f/ uRefawmfwdkYwpfawG
ajymif;vJrIawG vkdufvkyfae
zkdY vkdovm;qkd&if tajzu
awmh vdck siv f rkd ,f/ aemufNyD;
vkdcsifrSvnf; vdkr,f/ rvdk
csif rvdkbl;aygh/ 'gayr,fh
aocsmayguf vd k w mu
ajymif;vJaewmudv k u dk Mf unhf
NyD; oHk;oyfaezdkY? avhvm
aezdkY? od&SdaezdkYawmh vkdyg
w,f/ rD', D mrsKd;pHu k jzpfap?
ywf0ef;usifujzpfap ukd,fh
twGif;ydkif;u jzpfap? jzpfae
wmudkodae&ygr,f? NyD;rS
ukd,fhvkyfp&m&Sdwm ajymif;
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uRef a wmf w d k Y ES i f h quf p yf a eorQ?
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rsm;ukdawmh ajymjyEdkifygonf/
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rdik jf refrm,leu D w
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2006 ckESpf ESpfqef;onfhtcsdefrSm uRef
awmfwYkdawG rdik jf refrm,leu D wk f ppfpwrf
ukd rdwq f ufwifjycJMh uygonf/ &efuek f
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azazmf0g&Dvukefykdif;u jyKvkyfcJhaom
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k pf pfpwrfudk uGef
uGefysLwm*sme,f Zefe0g&Dv? 2007 ckESpf
ysLwmwuúokdvfwGif wufa&mufae
aom ausmif;om;wpfa,muf taejzifh
wifjycJhjcif; jzpfonf/ onfae&mwGif
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vkyfaeMuovJ qdkonfukd t½dk;&Sif;qkH;
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ZGev f rsm;u rdik jf refrm ,leu D wk pf pfpwrf
taMumif; uGeyf sLwm*sme,fwiG f wifjy
cJhjyD; jzpfygonf/ okdYaomf tcsdKUtcsuf
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vmMuaom ar;cGe;f rsm;wGif vuf&dS 0if;
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r&bl;vm;[lí/
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jyifyyk*v ¾ ud tzGYJ tpnf; awmfawmfrsm;
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tif;0? pDtD;? 0if; &Dqmhcsfcsm ponfh
azmifhrsm;ukd trsm;qkH; tokH;jyKaeMu
onf/ pme,fZif;rsm;wGif rdrw d Ykdwu
kd yf ikd f
azmifhrsm;ukd ajymif;okH;vmMuonf/
tqdyk g azmifrh sm;ukd tufpu f ;D (ASCII)
azmifrh sm;[k ac:ygonf/ jrefrm ASCII
Font rsm; rsm;pGm&Sdygonf/ tcsdefay;í
vkyfEdkifvQif aemufxyfrsm;pGm xGufvm
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onf/ bmompum;wpfc\ k pmvk;H rsm;
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xm;csufwpfckom jzpfygonf/ vuf
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postscript type ESifh True type font
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jrefrmbmomtwGuf standard r&Sdyg/
odomatmifajym&vQif 0if;tif;0 okH;
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qdv k o
kd nfrmS ASCII owfrw S cf suw f iG f
pmvkH;ae&mowfrSwfcsuf 256 ae&m
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wGif xm;csifonfh code point ae&m
wGif xm;csifonfh pmvkH;ukd xm;onf/
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pum;twGufvnf; okH;ovdk tjcm;
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type, postscript type font rsm;ESifh
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onf/ Unicode standard ukd vdkufem
ygonf/ Unicode Standard onf
wpfurÇmvkH;&Sd bmompum; tm;vkH;
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owfrw S u
f m bmompum; wpfcck sif;pD
twGuf ae&m ay;xm;ygonf/ xdak e&m
rsm;ukd bmompum;wpfct k wGuf owf
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pum;vk;H wpfcjk zpfaom ]u} onf code
eHygwf 1000 uko d m uk,
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tqdkyg 1000 qdkaom code ukd rnf
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pum;wGif ]a} u ae&m,lxm;onf/
tjcm;bmompum;rsm;uvnf; bmom
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aemufwpfck odapvdo k nfrmS ,aeY
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txl;aqmif;yg;
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vGefEdkifao;jcif; jzpfonf/ Unicode
font rsm;onf ASCII font rsm;ESifh
oabmoGm; ruGmao;onfudk awGY&
rnf jzpfonf/ pm½kdufvQif enf;enf;
pnf;urf;&Sd&Sd ½kdufzdkY vdktyfonfuvGJí
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odyfxl;jcm;rI r&Sdao;yg/ pmvkH;rsm;ukd
manual nd§ae&qJ jzpfonf/
a&SUwpfae&mwGGif ar;cGef;wpfck
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uRefawmfwdkYwGif tqdkyg ASCII font
rsm;ukd ok;H vmonfrmS 15 ESpcf efY &Sad ejyD
jzpfonf/ ,cktxd font tqifhu
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rsm;wGif tqdkyg ASCII ukd jyKjyifcsJU
xGifxm;aom ukd,fydkif standard rsm;
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¤if;wdkYbmompum;twGuf Unicode
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Mymyanmar Unicode System
ukd azazmf0g&DvwGif today;wifjycJjh yD;
{jyDv 1 &ufaeYwGif trsm;jynfolwdkY
tokH;jyKEdkif&ef tcrJh ay;cJhygonf/
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jrefrmvlrsdK;wdkif; tokH;jyKjyD; wpfacwf
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pwifjyD; today; aMunmcJhpOfuyif
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rsm;ay:wGif tokH;jyKEdkifaom jrefrm
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onf/ uGeyf sLwmESiyhf g wGo J ;Hk í &onf/ rsm;jzifh xdef;csKyfvkyfukdif&aom ukef
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125
 txl;aqmif;yg;

Intel and Itanium 2 Technical Details

Processor Processor L2 Cache L3 Cache FSB Speed Memory Bandwidth Number of
speed Size Bus Width Transistors
1.
1.On-cartridge,
Itanium 733 MHz 96 KB 2 MB or 266 MHz 64- bit 2.1 GBps 25 million (core) full-speed unified
800 MHz 4 MB 150 or 300
128-bit wide
million (cache)
Itanium 2 900 MHz 256 KB 1.5 MB2 400 MHz 128- bit 6.4 GBps 221 million 2. On-die, full-
Itanium 2 1 GHz4 256 KB 3 MB2 400 MHz 128- bit 6.4 GBps 221 million speed unified 128-
1.3 GHz4 bit wide
Itanium 2 1.4 GHz3 256 KB 1.5 MB 400 MHz 128- bit 6.4 GBps 221 million 3. Optimized for
Itanium 2 1.6 GHz3 256 KB 3 MB 400 MHz 128- bit 6.4 GBps 500 million dual-processor
533 MHz 8.5 GBps operation (DP
Itanium 2 1.4 GHz 256 KB 4 MB2 400 MHz 128- bit 6.4 GBps 410 million Optimized)
1.5 GHz5
1.6 GHz3 4. Also available
Itanium 2 1.5 GHz 256 KB 6 MB2 400 MHz 128- bit 6.4 GBps 500 million in a low-voltage
1.6 GHz5 version
Itanium 2 1.66 GHz5 256 KB 6 MB2 667 MHz 128- bit 10.6 GBps 500 million 5. Optimized for
Itanium 2 1.6 GHz5 256 KB 9 MB2 400 MHz 128- bit 6.4 GBps 592 million multiple-processor
Itanium 2 1.66 GHz5 256 KB 9 MB2 667 MHz 128- bit 10.6 GBps 592 million operation

aemufwpfcg SEC vdYk ac:wJh Slot1 type vnf; xGuyf g
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vm;? Slot1 type vm;od&r,f/ tJ'Dawmh Slot1 type awG
udk Intel u b,ftcsdefxkwfvJ/ Pentium 2 pxGufwJh
tcsdefrSm pxkwfw,f/ Pentium 2 uaepNyD;awmh Mother-
board xkwfwJh ukrÜPDawG 'ku©a&mufvmNyD/ t&ifu
motherboard wpfrsKd;wnf;rSm Intel a&m AMD a&m run
vkdY&w,f/ Pentium1 rSm uwnf;u pNyD; jyóemwuf
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u super socket 7 qdkNyD; 100 bus speed eJY run wJh[m
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socket 423 eJYxkwfw,f/ RDRAM eJYxkwfwm ratmifjrif
cJhbl;/ 'gaMumifh DDR market udk oluajymif;wJhtwGuf
socket ygajymif;oGm;w,f/ socket onf 478/ tck 'Dbuf
aemufbufrmS qufa&;&if socket number bmvJ/ Socket
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ygoGm;vdrfhr,f/
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eJYyJ pxGufwm/ aemufqHk; Itanium/itanium 2 / b,f
avmufeJYxGufvJqdk&if 50bit eJYyJ xGufw,f/ 64 bit udk
ra&mufao;bl;/ 'DrSmvnf; packaging type awG rwlbl;/
PAG udkoHk;w,f/ OLPA udkoHk;w,f/ AMD uvnf;
slot1 yHkpHvkdufxkwfw,f/ vdkufxkwfwJh slot yHkpHu slot A
jzpfoGm;w,f/ Slot A eJYtay:u socket 1 oGm;xnfhMunfh/
wpfxyfwnf;yJ/ Installation vkyfvdkY&w,f/ Mechanical
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eJY xGuw f ,f/ AMD uxkww f hJ Athalon series rSm Socket
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twGuf tJ'gudk 'Dbufu processor awG oGm;xnfhvdkY r&
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w,f/ Level 2 cache ygw,f/ Level 1 cache uawmh
xm;vdkufvdkY&w,f/ Level 2 cache &JU size udk od&r,f/
rodvdkY r&bl;/ bmjzpfvkdYvJqdkawmh Level 2 cache 128
&dSw,f? 256 &dSw,f? 512, 1MB, 2MB tJ'gawG bmvdkY
odatmif vkyf&vJ/ Level 2 cache &JU size eJY wpfxyfwnf;
uswyhJ rmPudk main memory rSm installation vky&f w,f/
Level 2 cache u 512 ygw,f/ Main memory udk
256 xnfhxm;w,f/ bmjzpfvJqdk&if memory bufjcrf;rSm
bottleness jzpfaewm/ CPU [m vkdoavmuf Level
cache 2 xJu data udk operate vkyf&wmudk;/ tJ'Dawmh
cache xJrSm data udk vSrf;ukefatmif oHk;vkdufNyDqdkwmeJY
main memory u vSrf;awmif;w,f/ Main memory u
tJ't D csderf mS b,favmuf&o
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126 uGefysLwm*sme,f Zefe0g&Dv? 2007 ckESpf


ar;p&m &dSw,f/ [dkrSmu KB yJ/ main memory xnfhwm
Megabyte/ uGmaew,f/ bmjzpfvdkYr&&rSmvJ/ wpfcgwnf;
rSwfxm;vdkY&ygw,f/ Memory udk bank tvdkufxm;wm/
bank tvdkufwyfw,fqdk&if tJ'DrSm xyfajymp&mwpfck &dS
ao;w,f/ 128 wpfacsmif;xnfx h m;w,f/ aemufwpfacsmif;
xnfhzdkY oifhwmu 128 yJ/ 'grS bank awGudk xyfwhJtcg
nDrSm/ tJ'Dvdkr[kwfbJ 128 wpfacsmif;xnfhw,f/ NyD;awmh
64 wpfacsmif;vmxnfhw,f/ tJ'Dawmh bmjzpfvJ/ Bank
udk xyfwt hJ cg rnDb;l / Block tvdu k yf ikd ;f vdYk r&bl;/ ydik ;f vdYk
r&bl;qk&d if tJ'D block udk csefxm;cJ&h r,f/ Data udk wlnw D hJ
block udy k J t&ifyYkd &r,f/ Level 2 cache xJyYkd &r,f/ ydYk awmh
bmjzpfvJ/ memory u 128 wpfacsmif;? 64 wpfacsmif;/
aemufxyf 64 block wpfcu k tjyifrmS usefcw hJ ,f/ b,fvrkd S
ta&mufrydkYay;Edkifbl;/ tJ'gvnf; bottleness yJ/ tJ'Dawmh
uRefawmfwdkYu level 2 cache udk od&r,f/
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ygyJ/
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&dSw,f/ Ondie vnf;&dSw,f/ 'gayr,fh Pentium 3 a&muf
&if ondie level 2 cache u rsm;w,f/ Onchip u bmvJ
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CPU &JU speed eJY wpfxyfwnf;eD;yg; run w,f/ CPU
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aemufem;rSm ygvmwJh Notation B wdYk E wkYd / 'gawGuvnf;
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b,favmuf vkdufrvJ/ 6 eJY ajr§muf/
uJ.... 600B/ 'Dypönf;udk Munfh&atmif/ 600B [m
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udk supporting vkyfw,fvdkY ajymwm/ 'D 600E udk oHk;csif
w,fqdk&if bmvkyfrvJ/ 133 udkajr§mufazmfudef;vdkuf/ 600
twdtus r&bl;/ 599 avmuf &vdrfhr,f/ tJ'gbmvJ/
Overcloaking vm;/ Under-clocking vm;/ Under-
uGefysLwm*sme,f Zefe0g&Dv? 2007 ckESpf
txl;aqmif;yg;
clocking qd&
k if tukev
f ;kH tvkyv
f yk Ef ikd w
f ,f/ Over jzpfvYkd
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od&r,f/ L2 cache 256 ygw,f/ Main memory udk
256 xnfhw,f/ &w,f/ 512 xnfhcsifw,f/ &w,f/ 512
xnfhvdkY &w,f/ 'D cache &JU size u 256 vdkYom ajymwm/
E notation ygwJhtwGuf advence level 2 cache/ 'Dypönf;
u ½dk;½dk; Level 2 cache 512 avmufxdudk run vdkY&w,f/
tJ'gudk advence level 2 cache vdkY ac:w,f/ 'gaMumifh
E notation [mvnf; ta&;BuD;ygw,f/ aemufxyf Oyrm
wpfck Pentium 4 rSm xGufw,f/ 2.4 xGufw,f/ 2.4 A
xGufw,f/ B xGufw,f/ C xGufw,f/ tJ'gawGu rwl
bl;/ 2.4 GHz 'gu ½dk;½dk;yJ/ 400 bus speed eJYvmwm/
'Dypönf;vnf; 400 bus speed yJ run wm/ 'gayr,fh 2.4A
GHz/ tJ'D A notation u level 2 cache, 1 MB ygw,fvYkd
ajymwmeJYtwlwlyJ/ oGm;NyD; ñdSp&mrvdkbl;/ 2.4B 533MHz
bus speed eJY p run w,f/ Level 2 cache, 512 MB
ygw,f/ 2.4C 533 eJYvnf; run Ekdifw,f/ 400 eJYvnf;
run Ekdifw,f/ 'gayr,fh 400 eJY run wJh series u B rSmyJ
usefw,f/
'Dypönf; C u Hyper &w,f/ Level 2 cache uawmh
A avmufrrsm;bl;/ 512 avmufy/J C notation onf bmudk
ajymwmvJqdk&if 'D series rSm 'Dypönf;[m hyper &w,f
vdkY ajymwm/ uJ... aemufwpfck 2.8 A &dSw,f/ tJ'DrSm B
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level 2 cache 1 MB ygw,f/ uJ... 'gqdk 2.8 C 'Dypönf;
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twGuf bm&rvJ/ hyper &r,f/
127
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uJ... 'gqdk 'Dbufu E eJY bmuGmvJ/ E u [dkufyg
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bmuGmovJ/ 'Dypönf;u 1MB &w,f/ 'gqdk 'Dypönf;vnf;
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eJYpw,f/ 800MHz eJY ckeu a&SUrSmajymcJhwJh 1066MHz eJY
run w,f/ Level 2 cache u 1MB/2MB vm/ ('gay
r,fh 3.2E &JU notation u Dual channel jzpfoGm;w,f)
Dual channel, Hyper Threading &w,f/ tJ'Dawmh
tMurf;zsif; uRefawmfwdkY 'Davmufawmh odoifhygw,f/
aemufwpfck/ Voltage/ uRefawmfwkdY 'DaeYxGufcJhwJh
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2.2V, 2V, 1.8V, 1.4V, 1.3V, 1V tJ'Datmuf a&mufzdkYyJ &dS
w,f/ t&ifwkef;u CPU wpfvHk;0,fawmhr,fqdk&if 'D volt
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tJ'D pin u bmvJqdkawmh CPU ID pin yJ/ CPU ID pin
u motherboard xkwfwJh ukrÜPDawGu tJ'D CPU ID
eHygwfawGudkcode vkyfxm;w,f/ wyfvkdufwmeJY tJ'Dypönf;
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aMumifrh Ykd vYkd voltage setting u tckaemufyikd ;f rSm odyf ta&;
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aemufwpfqdkifu 70 eJYa&mif;w,f/ tJ'g bmuGmvJ/ tJ'D
awmh Intelu xkwfwJh Box version Standard xkwfw,f/
oGm;0,fvkduf/ bmyg rvJ/ CPU+ Headsink/ NyD;&if Fan
ygygw,f/ tJ'D CPU twGuf aumif;rGefpGmtylcsdefudk
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aemufwpfcgod&r,fhOpömu Pipe line version yg/
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w,f/ tJ'Dawmh 286 awmh uRefawmfrajymawmhbl;/ 486
awG tukefvHk;[m single Pipe line yJ/ tJ'Dawmh pentium
awGuaepNyD;awmh duel Pipe line xGufw,f/ 'DrSm Munfh&
atmif/ Pentium 3, Pentium M Series, Athlon XP awG
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tvkyv f yk wf mjzpfwt hJ wGuf 'gawmh odyrf od&ifvnf; &awmh
&w,f/ 'gayrJh odxm;&ifawmh Pentuim 4 ay:rSm ½dk;½kd;
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0,frvm;/ 'gpOf;pm;vdkY&wJhtcsufyJ/
uJ.. aemufwpfcg core technology, tJ'Dawmh single
core, single Threading, tJ'Dawmh single core, single
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single Threading yHkawG vmvdrfhr,f/ tJ'Dawmh instruc-
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yxrPipe line rSm½dSwJh instruction NyD;awmhrS 'kwd, Pipe
line u ptvkyfvkyfw,f/
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wpfcgus&if single core, Hyper-Threading? Pentium
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Canon LBP 3900
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140 uGefysLwm*sme,f Zefe0g&Dv? 2007 ckESpf


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142 uGefysLwm*sme,f Zefe0g&Dv? 2007 ckESpf

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uGefysLwm*sme,f Zefe0g&Dv? 2007 ckESpf 143

GROUP TEST > DUAL GRAPHICS CARDS

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144 uGefysLwm*sme,f Zefe0g&Dv? 2007 ckESpf


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av;ckqufoG,fEkdifrI tusKd; SLI cards ESifh a':vm 100 Intel 975X chipset wdkY\
qufomvQif cHpm;cGifh&Sdyg cefY wefonfh motherboard Crossfire edition rsm;
onf/ wdkYudk a&G;cs,f 0,f,l&rnf/ toHk;jyKxm;onfh boards
Geforce 6600 SLI cards rsm;twGi;f om a&G;cs,Ef idk yf g
SLI ESifh Crossfire wdYk onf wefzdk;tm;jzifh a':vm onf/
twGuf Platforms rsm; 135 cefY &SdEkdifonf/ tu,f
Dual - graphics sys- í tqifhjrifhjrifh toHk;jyKEkdif jrefqefaom CPU ESihf wGzJ uf
tem twGuf PCI Express x ygu Radeon X 1900 XT &ef ta&;Bu;D jcif;
16 odYk r[kwf x 8 interfaces cards rsm;qdkygu a':vm Motherboard ay:
ESpfckyg&Sdaom txl; pyg,f 680 cefYtxd &Sdaeygonf/ wGif dual-core processor
&S,f vkyf motherboard ESifh Nvidia SLI cards rsm; wpfcu k kd xnfo
h ;kH rnfqydk gu
twl oifhavsmfaom gra- twGuv f tdk yfaom NForce4 pGrf;aqmif&nf wdk;vmEkdif
phics cards rsm; vdktyfae SLI Chipset toHk;csxm; rnfvm;[kar;p&mtaMumif;
rnfjzpfonf/ onfh motherboard rsm; &So
d nf/ tajzrSm&Si;f ygonf/
uGefysLwm*sme,f Zefe0g&Dv? 2007 ckESpf 145
GROUP TEST > DUAL GRAPHICS CARDS

wdk;rvmEkdifay/ ta&;BuD;
onfh tcsufrSm processor
ESpfvHk;yg&Sdjcif;xuf CPU
speed aumif;aumif; &Sdae
&efyifjzpfonf/
þtcsdefwGif tjrefqHk;
dual-core processor xuf
clocks speeds jrifhrm;pGm
vnf y wf E k d i f a om Intel
odkYr[kwf AMD tjrefqHk;
single-core chips rsm;
vG,fvifhwul 0,f,l&&SdEkdif
onfh taetxm;rsm; &Sdae
NyD; jzpfonf/ ¤if;wGif toHk;
jyKrnf h processor onf
tenf;qHk; speed 3GHz &Sd
ae&rnf/ odkYr[kwf *&yfzpf
pGrf;aqmif&nfudk tpGrf;ukef
jznfhay;Ekdifaprnfh CPU jzpf
ae&ygvdrfhrnf/
ATI ypönf;udkoHk;onf
jzpfap? Nvidia ypön;f udk oH;k
onfjzpfap high- end card
wpfacsmif;onf 0yf 100
ausmf toHk;jyKavh&Sdojzifh
power supply unit (PSU)
onf tedrfhqHk; 0yf 500 udk
a&G;cs,ftoHk;cs wyfqif,l
&ef vdktyfonf/ tu,fí
¤if;tnTef;xuf edrfhusaom
PSU ukd toHk;jyKcJhvQif 3D
operation onf rMumcP
qdkovdk crash jzpfaernf
omjzpfrnf/
odkYtwGuf dual-gra-
phics systems rsm;onf
tNrJwrf; yg0g iwfaewwf
onf/ txl;ojzifh higher-
end cards rsm; jzpf y gu
notebook technology rS
power -saving tricks rsm;
yl;wGJyg&Sdvm&onf/
tu,fírsm; rdrdonf
office suite wpfckudkom
toHk;jyKaeoljzpfygu gra-
phics driver ud k core
speeds avQmhcsay;onfh 2D
mode odkY ajymif;,l&onf/
tcsKdU processing modules
rsm;qdkygu ydwfíyif xm;&Sd
ay;onf/

ATI dual-graphics systems twGuf chipset

tu,fí rdrdtaejzifh AMD CPU \ 975X chipset

wpfckESifh ATI dual-graphics wdkYtm;
aygif;pyf vkyfudkifvdkygu
avmavmq,f ATI rSxkwfaom
Radeon Xpress 200 Crossfire Edition
Chipset udk uefYowfrI&Sdaeonf/ ¤if;\
Northbridge RD 480 onf ATI SB 450
chip wpfck odkYr[kwf ULI southbridge
wpfckESifhtwl rm;om;bkwf xkwfvkyfol
rsm;u wGJay;xm;Muonf/ ULI southbridge
wGif ULI 1573 odkYr[kwf ydkíopfvGifaom 1575
wpfckckudk Sata II controller ESifh wGJzuf toHk;jyKonf/
tu,fí rdrdtaejzifh data yrmP megabytes
&maygif;rsm;pGmtxd ajymif;a&TUrI vkyfudkif&ef
&nf&G,fygu ULI Southbridge chip wpfckyg&Sdaom
board udk toHk;jyKoifhonf/ odkYrSom tjcm; chips
wpf0uf taetxm;om ATI SB450 wpfckay:wGif
USB u ajymif;a&TUay;rnf/
wku
d ½f u
kd v
f yk u
f ikd rf nfh Intel
Intel chips udk tajccHxm;aom yDpDrsm;twGuf
Crossfire udk toHk;jyKrnfqdkygu avmavmq,f Intel
udkom a&G;&rnf
jzpf\/ Socket
775 CPUs
rsm;twGuf
ATI
Northbridge
wpfckygaom
rm;om;bkwfrsm;
aps;uGufwGif r&Sdao;ay/
Raid support ESifh HD audio wkdYyg&Sdaom ICH7R
wpfckESifh 975X board rsm;onf omreftm;jzifh south
bridge taejzifh vkyfukdif aqmif&Gufay;onf/ Intel
ESifhtwl rSwfom;avmufonfh feature rSm Matrix Raid
jzpfonf/ Hard disks ESpfck toHk;cs½HkrQjzifh fast Stripe
Set (Raid o) ESifh Secure Mirror Set (Raid1) ESpfckvHk;
udk zefwD;,lcGifh&Sdonf/ topfwpfckjzpfaom Aopen 975
Xa-YDG motherboard onf Intel core Duo mobile
processors opfrsm;ESifh toHk;jyKcGifh&Sdap&ef Crossfire
graphics cards rsm; yHhydk;ay;rnfjzpfaomaMumifh
pdwf0ifpm;zG,fjzpf&ayonf/

146 uGefysLwm*sme,f Zefe0g&Dv? 2007 ckESpf

 DUAL GRAPHICS CARDS < GROUP TEST

NydKifqdkifrItaetxm;rsm;
Crossfire ESihf SLI wdo
Yk nf tm;omcsu?f tm;enf; csurf sm; toD;oD; &Sad eMu ouJo
h Ydk wyfqifrv
I yk if ef;pOf
obm0rSmvnf; uGjJ ym; jcm;em;pGm &Sad eMuonf/

ATI master card onf

tvG,w f ul cGJjcm;odjrifEidk af paom
Crossfire port yg&odS nf/

armfew D modoYk mG ;rnfh DVI -out ESihf

Slave card odYk qufo, G rf nfh
DVI-in wkt Yd wGuf connectors
rsm; yg&odS nfh Crossfire cable
wpfck jzpfonf/

CROSSFIRE azmfay;cJhMuonf/ Cross- card rqdk slave wpfcktae &G u f r I t wG u f *½k w pd k u f

ATI taejzifh dual-
graphics twGuf &v'f&&Sd
&ef tcsdet
f awmfMum xl;xl;
uJuaJ qmif&uG v
f mcJ&h onf/
odkY&mwGif ,cktcg ATI
twGuf tjrefqHk; EIef;xm;&Sd
Crossfire combination
onf pGrf;aqmif&nf awmif
ukef;BuD;\ xdyfodkY ajcvSrf;
rS e f r S e f j zif h wuf v S r f ; &if ;
atmifjrifrI&cJhNyD jzpfonf/
uae'gEkdifiHom; *&yf
zpfcspfyfuRrf;usifol yg&*l
rsm;u ATI tvkd&Sdaeaom
Crossfire Edition Radeon
Xpress 200 odYk r[kwf Intel
\ 975 X chipset wdkYuJhodkY
aom Crossfire chipset
wpf c k E S i f h motherboard
wpfckwdkYudk taumifxnf
fire cards rsm; wyfqifjcif;
yH k p H o nf master slave
wyfqifrI vkyef nf; vky[ f ef
twkid ;f yifjzpfonf/ Master
card onf slave card ESifh
twl qufoG,f aqmif&Guf
&eftwGuf wm0ef,x l m;ay;
onf/ pyg,f&S,f chipset
wpfckESifhtwl qufoG,frI
Crossfire cable wpf c k
yg0ifonf/
ATI master cards
rsm;onf &Sm;&Sm;yg;yg;&Sdae
qJjzpfonf/ ,cktcsdew f iG rf l
Radeon X 850, X 1800
odkYr[kwf ydkíacwfrDaom
X1900 graphics chips rsm;
ESifhtwl&Sdaeonfh master
models rsm;om &&SdEkdifyg
ao;onf/ rnfonfh ATI
jzifh toHk;jyKEkdifaom tae
txm;jzifh yHhydk;aqmif&Guf
ay;EkdifouJhodkY ¤if;\ chip
onf master ay:&Sd chip
taejzif h pD ; &D ; wpf c k x J r S
toH;k csEkid yf gonf/ XT, XL
Pro odkYr[kwf basic mod-
els [lí cGJjcm;owfrSwfcsuf
card twGuf r&Sday/
tukefvHk;onf ½dk;½dk;
ajzmifhajzmifh vkyfukdif&onf
r[kwfay/ odkYaomfvnf;
tv,f t vwf wef; pm;
X 1600 ESihf bwf*sut f wef;
tpm; X1300 pD;&D;rsm;onf
external cable connection
wpfck oD;jcm;rvdktyfay/
tqdkyg cards ay:wGif PCI
Express bus ES i f h cards
ESpcf t
k Mum;qufo,
G af qmif
aqmif&Gufay;onfh chipset
wdkY&Sdaeonf/ xdkodkYaom
udpötwGuf master card
wpfckawmh 0,f&efvdktyf
onf/ Nvidia pepfwGifrl
master/ slave wpfckpDjzifh
pDpOftoHk;cs&rIrsKd; r&Sdaom
aMumifh xkdodkYaomjyóem
rsKd; r&Sday/
Graphic modes oH;k ck
ATI \ Crossfire
cards rsm;wGif rwlnDaom
modes oHk;ckjzifh toHk;csap
Ekdifygonf/ ¤if;onf cards
ESpfckoHk;vkyfief;pOfjzifhawmh
toHk;csyHk uGmjcm;vsuf&Sd
onf/ Mode oHk;ckqdkonf
rS m Alternative Frame
Rendering (AFR) wpfck?

uGefysLwm*sme,f Zefe0g&Dv? 2007 ckESpf 147

GROUP TEST > DUAL GRAPHICS CARDS
SLI wGif master card odrYk [kwf
slave card [lí cGjJ cm; owfrw
S f
xm;jcif; r&Sad y/
Super Tiling wpfcE
k iS hf Scis-
sor Mode wpf c k w d k Y jzpf
onf/
AFR mode onf
frames rsm; tpD t vd k u f
wGufcsufay;í Super Til-
ing onf chequerboard
pattern wpfckudk toHk;csí
½kyyf rkH sm;udk wGucf sufay;\/
32 x 32 pixel squares
onf *&yfzpfEpS cf w
k \GJ wpfck
wGif&Sdap&ef wGufcsufay;
onf/ Scissor mode onf
tqdkygudpötwGuf ½kyfyHk\
xuf0ufpDjzifh uwfwpfck
csif;twGuf wGufcsufay;
onf/ Dual graphics sys-
tem onf high-definition
videos taejzifh jyefvnf
zGihf,l&mwGif acsmarmajyjypf
rI &Sdapa&;twGuf toHk;rvdk
ay/ H-264/mpeg 4 AVC
encoding udk yHhydk;ay;onfh
single graphics cards
rsm;onf HDTV odkYr[kwf
HD Videos twGuf jrefqef
rI tjynfht0 &&SdEkdifNyD; jzpf
onf/
148
Crossfire wyfqif,jl cif;
Graphics cards rsm;
udk wyfqifjcif;twGuf PCI
Express slots wpfpHkxJodkY
xnfoh iG ;f ay;½Hrk Qomjzpfonf/
Crossfire mode udk vIy& f mS ;
aqmif & G u f a p&ef t wG u f r l
driver settings twGif;&Sd
box wpfcu k kd ppfaq;Munf½h I
ay;&onf/
Crossfire mode acsm
armajyjypfpmG vkyu f ikd af qmif
&Gufapa&;twGuf driver
xJwGifyg&Sdonf/ Artificial
intelligence (AI) function
udk rvGrJ aoGtoH;k jyK&onf/
3D application wpfct k jzpf
yHkazmfrI vkyfief;pOfwpfckudk
¤if;u ae&mcsxm;ay;rnf
jzpfum *&yfzpfuwf ESpfck
tMum; vkyif ef;rQa0rI rnfrQ
txd&Sd&rnfudkvnf; ¤if;u
yif ukd,fwkdif tqHk;tjzwf
ay;onf/ Driver onf rnf
onfh installation errors
udrk qdk csucf si;f jyoay;onfh
tjyif tvkyfvkyfEkdifonfh
tajctaersKd; a&muf&SdoGm;
uGefysLwm*sme,f Zefe0g&Dv? 2007 ckESpf
External cable rvdt
k yfbJ SLI plug wGif SLI Cards
rsm;udk wkduf½kduf qufoG,f wyfqif,lEkdifonf/
aMumif;udkvnf; today;
message rsm; wifjyay;yg
onf/
NVIDIA SLI
SLI system ukd wyf
qif,ljcif;onf Crossfire
system wyfqif,jl cif;xuf
ydkrdkvG,fulonf/ PCI Ex-
press slots rsm;wGif cards
rsm;udk xnfhoGif;,lNyD; SLI
connectionESifh csdwfquf
ay;vdkuf½Hkomjzpfonf/
odkYtwGuf tm;enf;
csufwpfck &Sdae&onf/ Ap-
plication wpfcktwGufSLI
mode udk toHk;cs&mü SLI
profile wGif Force-ware
graphics driver wGif odkrSD;
xm;&Sday;&onf/ odkYr[kwf
u SLI onf vIy&f mS ;aqmif
&GufrIjyKvdrfhrnf r[kwfay/
avmavmq,f u mvwG i f
driver twGif;ü profiles
rsm;ESifhtwl upm;&aom
*drf;aygif; 150 ausmf&SdaeNyD;
y½d k * &rf topf r sm;onf
vnf; driver update wkdif;
wGif xnfhay;xm;NyD;jzpf\/
rdrdtaejzifh udk,fydkif SLI
profile wnfaqmuf zefwD;
&mü odycf ufcufccJ J vkypf &m
rvdkawmhay/ *&yfzpft&nf
taoG;udk wpfqifhcsif; jr§ifh
wif , l E k d i f a p&ef tvd k Y i S m
Nvidia onf anti-aliasing
(AA) toifh oHk;vmaom
tcgwGif tqifhjrifh aumif;
rGefaom enf;vrf;rsm;udk
toHk;jyKcGifh ay;xm;onf/
AA twGuf tvkyf vkyu f ikd f
&mwGif graphics proces-
sors rsm;udk rQwoHk;Ekdif&ef
tajctaevnf; &Sdaeonf/
4x odkYr[kwf 8x AA ESifh
twl wGJvkyfxm;onfh im-
ages ESpcf u k kd a&marT toH;k cs
um aemufqHk; taetxm;
jzifh xkwf,lEkdifonfhoabm
jzpfonf/
AA modes SLI 8X
ESifh SLI 16 X twGufom
Nvidia taejzifh pyg,f&S,f
SLI tjzpf owfrSwfac:a0:
onf/
 DUAL GRAPHICS CARDS < GROUP TEST

wGJzufnaD om uwfrsm; jim;vnf ; Forceware tyljyóem ET,frI tajrmuftjrm; yg&Sd

Nvidia taejzifh www
.slizone.com wG i f SLI
system wnfaqmufjcif;ESihf
ywf o uf o rQud k owif ;
tcsuftvufrsm;? nTef;qdk
csufrsm;tm;vHk; azmfjyxm;
&Sdayonf/
tjcm; xkwfvkyfolrsm;
xH r S *&yf z pf u wf r sm;ud k
toH k ; jyKvd k o l r sm;twG u f
txl; toHk;0ifaprnfh SLI
\ feature opfrsm; xnfh
oGi;f azmfjyay;onf/ odYkaomf
driver version 81.87 ESifh
aemufykdif;usaom drives
rsm;twGufom jzpfEkdifp&m
&So
d nf/ prf;oyfcsufrsm;t&
Gigabyte rS Geforce 6600
uwfrsm;? MSI rS uwfrsm;
twG u f SLI setup wG i f
vH;k 0 jyóemr&Sad y/ tqdyk g
Forceware driver version
onf SLI setup wpfckwGif
TV output twGufvnf;
toHk;jyKEkdifapygonf/
Nvidia graphics card
driver wGif sensible fea-
ture wpfcy
k g0ifaeao;onf/
¤if;onf driver control
panel rSwpfqifh *&yfzpfy½dk
qufqmrsm;\tylcsdeEf pS rf sKd;
vHk;udk jyoay;jcif;? nTefjy
ay;jcif;rsm; vkyfEkdifaom
t&nftcsif; &Sdonf/ þ
tcsufonf uwfESpfckwGJ
pepfwpfckwGif ta&;ygaom
tcsufjzpfonf/ Add-on
cards rsm;ESifh tjcm; quf
vmaomtcg tyljyóem &Sd
vmEkdifonf/
tyl atmif ; vmrI u d k
ausmfvTm;Ekdifap&ef tvYdkiSm
motherboard layout tae
txm;udk r0,f,lrDuyif
BudKwifavhvm pOf;pm;wGuf
csux f m;&ygvdrrhf nf/ ta&;
BuD;aom taMumif;tcsuf
wpfcrk mS PCI Express Slots
ESpcf t
k Mum;&Sd tuGmta0;yif
jzpf o nf / SLI mother-
board ta[mif; awmfawmf

Nvidia dual-graphics systems twGuf chipsets

Nvidia SLI setup wpfcktwGuf vkyfukdif aqmif&Guf vdik ;f NyKd if 16 ck

awmhrnfqdkygu toHk;jyKoltaejzifh Nvidia's NForce 4 PCI Express graphics rsm;ESifh expansion cards
Chipset ESifh tvkyfwGJvkyfrnfhtwGufom SLI taejzifh rsm;ESifhtwl vm;&mwpfckpDwGif tjrifhqHk; data rate -250
&SdaeNyD;jzpfonfhtavsmuf Chipset twGuf tav;xm; Mbytes/sec wpfckpDESifh&Sdaeonfh lanes ac: wpfckESifh
aqmif&Gufp&m rvdktyfawmhay/ wpfck qufoG,fa&; serial bidirectional point-to-point
rm;om;bkwf xkwfvkyfol Asrock u ULI-M1 697 jzifh quf,lxm;onf/
chipsets rsm;ESifh yg&Sdaom SLI motherboards ESpfck aemufqHk;xkwf PCI Express graphics cards onf
twGuf aMumfjimay;vdkufonf/ odkY&mwGif SLI toHk;jyKol vdkif;NydKif 16 cktxd toHk;jyKEkdifonf/
twGuf Nvidia taejzifh taxmuftxm; owfrSwfay;rI Nvidia's SLI chipsets yg&Sdonfh rm;om;bkwf
rxm;&Sday/ Nvidia taejzifh AMD ESifh Intel CPUs trsm;pkay:wGif circuit board ao;ao; wpfck odkYr[kwf
rsm;twG u f chipsets 5 rsKd ; ud k vuf c H Bios option wpfckwdkYonf slot wpfckpDwGif tnDtrQ
aqmif&Gufay;ygonf/ jzefYa0ay;\/ Lane ae&mcsxm;rItaejzifh Nvidia SLI
aemufqHk;xkwfwpfckrSm Intel chipset \ tqifhjrifh trsKd;rsKd;
platform twGuf NForce 4- twGuf rvdktyfay/ taMumif;
SLI-XE yif jzpf\/ aps;EIef; rSm graphic card slots
csKdomaom rm;om;bkwf ESpfckvHk;onf omref
rsm;twGuf xdk chipset tm;jzifh vdkif;NydKif
\ southbridge onf 16 ckpD
firewall [mh'f0Jrsm; ryg&Sd qufoG,f
vmcJhay/ odkY&mwGif ¤if;onf xm;NyD;jzpfaomaMumifh
Intel \ HD audio standard ESifh vdkuf jzpf\/
avsmnDaxG toHk;csEkdifygonf/

uGefysLwm*sme,f Zefe0g&Dv? 2007 ckESpf 149

GROUP TEST > DUAL GRAPHICS CARDS

Low graphics power High graphic power

(Oyrm- Nvidia Geforce 6600, ATI, Radeon X1300) (Oyrm-SLI 7800 GTX odrYk [kwf Crossfire X1500 XT)

*&yfzpf pGr;f aqmif&nf tm;aysmo h nf/ tao;pdwf yH&k yd f rsm; SLI odrYk [kwf Crossfire system ukd oH;k xm;ojzifh
aysmufaeonf/ ½kyyf kH rsm;\ ab;EIwcf rf;vdik ;f rsm; wGif ta&mifjzm tao;pdwyf &kH yd rf sm; odoo
d mom ay:viG rf &I o
dS nf/ txl;ojzifh
jcif; odYk r[kwf t&dyaf y: jcif; &Sad eonf/ a&\obm0rsK;d udk yDjyifpmG jrifawGU &onf/

High Dlynamic Rage (HDR) tav;ay;csurf sm;onf HDR effect yg0ifaejcif;aMumifh lighting effect rsm;udk
lighting effect udk wGucf su,
f El idk o
f nf/ odaYk omf jrifuiG ;f wGif aocsmpGm wGuq
f xnfo
h Gi;f ,lEidk o
f nf/
HDR rawG &Y ay/

aygi;f pyftxl;jyKcsurf sm;udk zefw;D &mwGif vHak vmufaom *&yfzpf aygi;f pyftxl;jyKcsurf sm;udk yDjyifpmG o½kyaf zmfay;Ekid o
f jzifh
pGr;f tifukd rjyEkid af y/ tjrifq h ;kH t&nftaoG; rsm;&&Scd o
Jh nf/ obm0tvif;udv k nf;
ydrk kd ay:viG af ponf/

150 uGefysLwm*sme,f Zefe0g&Dv? 2007 ckESpf

 DUAL GRAPHICS CARDS < GROUP TEST

dual configuration wGif *&yfzpfuwfEpS cf u k kd toH;k csjcif;jzifh Crossfire mode wGif XT 1900 XT udk pm&if;\xdyq f ;kH wGif
pGr;f aqmif &nfEpS q f avmufe;D eD; wufvmaMumif; jrifawGYEidk o
f nf/ (PSAA = Full Scene Anti-Aliasing ,
jrifawG EY idk o
f nf/ AF= Antiso-tropis = Filleing )

rsm;rsm;wGif tqdkyg tuGm
ta0;onf uwfuwfowf
owf wnf aqmuf xm;
aMumif; awGY&onf/
512 MB version jzpf
onfh Geforce 7800 GTX
uJhodkYaom coolers BuD;BuD;
rm;rm; yg0ifxm;onfh gra-
phics cards rsm;udk toHk;
jyK&mwGif uwfrsm;tMum;
tuG m ta0;rS m wpf p if w D
rDwmcefYom ay;xm;onf/
tu,fí uwfESpfckvHk; tyl
vGefuJvmcJhvQif GPU \
clock speed onf tvd k
tavsmuf usqif;oGm;apyg
onf/ þokdYjzifh rvdkvm;
tyfaom pGrf;aqmif&nf us
qif ; rI u d k jzpf a y:vmEk d i f
onf/
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ajc&Swd ,f/ 'gayr,fh tawmf
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eJ Y jumping sequences
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jyef&SifvmapzkdY? opfawmae Zelda : The Wind Waker
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w,f/ PS2 tay:rSm 'Dx h uf rvH k a vmuf a o;íyJ v m;?
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Twilight Princess rSm
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awG qufíyg&SdqJygyJ/ qGJ
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ideas awGtm;vHk; jywif;
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Legend of Zelda : Ocarina
of Time u 'Dudpt ö wGuf
taumif;qHk;aom OyrmyJ/
tJ'DrSm pD;&D;&JUpdwful;urÇm
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(REVIEW)
fantasy world udk t&ifu
xuf ydkíyDjyif obm0us
atmif wifqufvmcJhw,f/
qef;opfxl;jcm;wJh control
topfu vGwfvyfpGm udkif
wG,f xde;f ausmif;Ekid rf I cHpm;
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d ,f/ 'DtwGuf upm;ol
rSm vrf;aysmuf pdwf½Iyfp&m
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twGuf xdkwlnDaom azmf
enf ; um; formula qD y J
jyefí OD;vSnfhvmwm trSm;
t,Gi;f jzpfp&m taMumif;r&Sd
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Princess rSm ¤if;udkqufí
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cess [m &Snfvsm;wJh pGefY
pm;cef; ZmwfaMumif;jzpfNyD;
aumif;rGefpGm 'DZkdif;qifxm;
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163
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eJY EdIif;avmufp&m odyfrsm;
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upm;&r,f/ em;&GufcRefcRef
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olYae&meJYol ajymif;oHk;zdkY taumifBuD;awGeJY wkdufcdkuf
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NyD; Ocarina Zmwfvrf;wGJrS *drf;&JUaemufykdif; puzzles pwifNyD; fire temple odkY
Navi &JU yHkpHtwkdif; aqmif awGrSm 'Dvdk ajymif;oHk;zdkY oGm;zkdY Death Mountain
&Gufay;w,f/ wpfcgwpf&H
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atmufu rdkif;wGif;udk jzwf
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aemuf hook- shot vdk vIyf
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items awG &NyD;wmeJY eH&H&JU
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puzzles tm;vHk;[m npf
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165
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atmufcef;awG jzpfygw,f/ xl;jcm;aom control sch-
'gayr,fh twilight realm udk eme eJ Y yJ j zpf j zpf 'D x uf
pwifjrifawGY&wJhtcgrS *drf; trsm;BuD; ydkaumif;atmif
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&if ,ckaemufqHk;twGJrSm vrf;pOfudk ppfrSefopöm&SdpGm
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 (PREVIEW) ART OF GAME
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ART OF GAME

Top Games of 2006

INTERNATIONAL PC GAMES

2. World Soccer Winning Eleven 9

PS2 upm;orm;wkdif;
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Dread Lords
ay;cJhaom WWII real-time
SCORE:9.0/ GENRE: SCI-FI TURN-BASED STRATEGY
strategy *drf;jzpfygw,f/
Galatic Civilizations [m ydkrsm;vmwJh turn -based Company of Heroes rSm
strategy gameplay awGeJY wpfausmhjyefvmcJhygNyD/
oifhtaeeJY oifh&JUwyfzGJUawGudk Oa&my ppfajrjyif
tydkif; II rSm oif[m tem*wfumv *vufZDBuD;
tESHYtjym; vrf;nTefxdef;ausmif;&ygr,f/
vTrf;rdk;zdkY&m tm;NydKifyGJü 0ifyg&rSm jzpfygw,f/

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 ART OF GAME (SPECIAL REPORT)

8. Warhammer 40k: Dawn of War-Dark Crusade

Medieval 2 u Total
War *drf;pD;&D;&JU pwkw¬ SCORE: 8.8
GENRE: SCI-FI REAL-TIME STRATEGY
ajrmuftykdif; jzpfyg
7. Medieval 2: Total War

w,f/ t&if*drf;awGu Warhammer 40k: Dawn of War &JU

wlnDaom building eJY 'kwd,ajrmufexpansion jzpfygw,f/
real time battles awGyJ upm;EkdifwJhrsKd;EG,fpk races, Tau Empire
xnfhay;xm;w,f/ eJY Necrons ESpfyGJxyfxnfhay;w,f/
'gayr,fh *&yfzpfeJY gameplay
tykdif;awGrSm tqifhjr§ifhay;xm;w,f/

SCORE: 8.8
GENRE: HISTORIC REAL-TIME STRATEGY

SCORE: 8.8
GENRE : ICE HOCKEY
10. Half -Life 2: Episode One MANAGEMENT
SCORE: 8.7
GENRE: SCI-FI FIRST rESpfu qk&cJhwJh*drf;udk qufvufazmfxkwfxm;jcif;
PERSON SHOOTER jzpfygw,f/
Valve &JU qk&&SdcJhaom shooter
9. NHL: Eastside Hockey Manager 2007
*drf;&JU yxrqHk; expansion
jzpfygw,f/ Episode 1 u
Half-Life 2 xufawmif
ydkaumif; ao;w,f/ wpfckwnf; Star Wars urÇmxJ
11.Star Wars: Empire at War

aom jyóemu tm;&yg;& tajcjyKxm;aom

aqmhupm;&if; rodvkdufwJhtcsdefrSm RTS *drf; jzpfyg
*drf;u NyD;qHk;oGm;jcif;ygyJ/ w,f/ Episode IV
tjzpftysuf
rwkdifcif ESpf
tenf;i,f
umvrSm tajcjyK
12.Never Vintes Nights 2 xm;ygw,f/ ½kyf&SifxJuygwJh
ae&ma'orsKd;pHk tmumowGif;rSma&m?
SCORE: 8.6
GENRE: COMPUTER ROLE PLAYING ukef;ajrawGay:rSmyg wkdufyGJ0if&r,f/

Dragon and Dungeon vdkYac:wJh

SCORE: 8.7
pm;yGJay:rSm uwfjym;awGeJY upm;&aom GENRE: SCI-FI REAL-TIME STRATEGY
*drf;udk uGefysLwmay:wGif oGifwljyK&if;
jzpfxGef;wdk;wufvmwJh genre trsKd;tpm;jzpfygw,f/

174 uGefysLwm*sme,f Zefe0g&Dv? 2007 ckESpf

 (SPECIAL REPORT)
ART OF GAME

Sid Meier &JU Civ IV expansion jzpfygw,f/

orkdif;0ifppfacgif;aqmifBuD;rsm;udk tav;tjrwf
13. Civilization IV:

jyK azmfaqmifxm;w,f/ Scenarios topf

ajcmufckygvmNyD; upm;olawGudk pGrf;tm;
xufvSwJh "warlord" ,lepftultnDeJY ordkif;&JU
Warlords

vrf;aMumif;udk ajymif;vJcGifhay;xm;w,f/
SCORE: 8.6
GENRE: HISTORIC TURN-BASED STRATEGY 14. Worldwide Soccer
Manager 2007
SCORE: 8.5
GENRE: SOCCER MANAGEMENT

15.Microsoft Flight Simulation X Football Manager 2007 trnfeJY

SCORE: 8.4 vnf; jzefYcsdw,f/ jrefrmBudKuf
GENRE: JET SIM *drf;trsKd;tpm; wpfckjzpfygw,f/
umv&SnfMum r&yfrqkdif;&SdcJhwJh Flight Simulator pD;&D;rS
aemufqHk;xGuf&SdvmwJh title jzpfygw,f/

Top Games of 2006 INTERNATIONAL PS2 GAMES

2. Final Fantasy XII

1. World Soccer Winning Eleven 9

SCORE: 9.0
olYtaMumif;uawmh xyfajymp&m GENRE: ROLE -PLAYING
vdkr,frxifygbl;/ jrefrmjynfu
vlwkdif;twGufawmh r[kwfbl;/
Play-Station *drf;qkdif
'gayr,fh 'D*drf;pD;&D;udk crazy jzpfwJh
ykdif&Sifwdkif;&JU
olawGuawmh taocdkufvdrfhr,f/
aus;Zl;&Sif?
xrif;&Sif
jzpfygw,f/
3. Okami
SCORE: 9.0
GENRE: FANTASY ACTION ADVENTURE

obm0w&m;tajcjyK adventure *drf;rSm

SCORE: 9.1 aeewfbk&m;ae&mu 0ifupm;&w,f/
GENRE: SOCCER SIM wpfrsKd;qef;opf xl;jcm;aew,f/

uGefysLwm*sme,f Zefe0g&Dv? 2007 ckESpf 175

 ART OF GAME (SPECIAL REPORT)

5.Guitar Hero II

MGS: Snake *drf;upm;w,fqdkwm

4. Metal Gear Solid 3: Subsistence

Eater udk ypfcwfwkdufckdufwmcsnf;yJvdkY

csJUxGifxm;wm b,folajymovJ/ oifh&JU *DwÓPfeJY
ygyJ/ tcsufusus pnf;udkuf0g;udkuf
Zmwfvrf;oGm;yg vIyf&Sm;rI oHk;NyD; aw;*Dwudk yDyDoo
½kyf&Sifqefqef xGufatmif vkyf&r,fh*drf; jzpfygw,f/
*dr;f BudKufoal wG *pfwmyHk controller eJYqdk&if ydkNyD;awmh
vufvTwfzdkY awmif rkdufygao;w,f/
SCORE: 8.7
rjzpfEkdifwJh GENRE: RHYTHM / MASIC
*drf;yg/

SCORE: 9.0
6. Kingdom Hearts II
GENRE: MODERN ACTION ADVENTURE
SCORE: 8.7
GENRE: ACTION
8. Call of Duty 3 ROLE-PLAYING

SCORE: 8.2 yxr*drf;tNyD;

GENRE: HISTORIC FIRST -PERSON SHOOTER
umvrSm tajc
'kwd,urÇmppf typftcwf*drf; jzpfyg wnfxm;w,f/
w,f/ 'Dtykdif;rSm yg&DvGwfajrmufa&; Final Fantasy xJu ZmwfaumifawG
wkdufyGJtay: tm½Hkpdkufxm;w,f/ udk Walt Disney rS ZmwfaumifawGeJY
wGJzufyGJxkwfay;xm;wJh*drf; jzpfygw,f/

Prince of Persia *drf;

7. Prince of Persia: The Two Thrones

9. Marvel : Ultimate Alliance

Zmwfvrf;wGJoHk;cku Zmwfodrf;
ydkif;yg/ tcsdefukd upm;EkdifwJh SCORE: 8.2
yg&Sm;rif;om;av;&JU tckef GENRE: ACTION ROLE- PLAYING
tysHvrf;aMumif;&SmrIawG?
Diablo uJhodkY action RPG &JU
twkduftckdufawG&JU pGJruf
zG,f&mawG upm;zl;olwdkif; pGJrufzG,f&m
odMuw,f/ 'Dtykdif;rSm abmifxnf
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evil alter-ego jzpfygw,f/
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SCORE: 8.6 ay;jcif;yg
GENRE: FANTASY ACTION ADVENTURE yJ/

176 uGefysLwm*sme,f Zefe0g&Dv? 2007 ckESpf

 uGefysLwmtaxGaxG

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vkdtyfonfh [mh'f0J[lí connector rsm;ESifh "mwfBudK;rsm;
twGuf omrefw,fvDzkef;BudK;rsm; (twisted-pair cable)
om vkdtyfonf/ IBM PC uJhokdY vkyfaqmifonfh uGefysL

uGeyf sLwm*sme,f Zefe0g&v

D ? 2007 ckEpS f 177
uGefysLwmtaxGaxG
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rsm;twGuf wDxGifxm;onfhokH;pGJoltBudKuf chip rsm; jzpf
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chip rsm; okdYr[kwf acwfrD Hi-Fi ypönf; vkyfief;aqmifwm
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rsm;aMumifh ASICS ukdydkí vlBudKufrsm;vmcJhonf/
APT. Automatic Programmed Tool \ twkad umuf jzpf
onf/ uGeyf sLwmpepfjzifh xde;f csKyfvyk af qmifaom pufypön;f
tpdwftykdif;rsm;twGuf numberical control application
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bmompum; wpfck jzpfonf/ APT y½kd*&rfu tokH;jyKol
tm; point rsm; owfrSwfjcif;? rsOf;ajzmifhrsm;? puf0kdif;rsm;?
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uGefysLwm (PC) rsm; jzpfonf/ Archimedes onf RISC
central processor wpfckay:wGif tajcjyKxm;onf/ IBM
PC okdYr[kwf Macintosh uGefysLwmrsm;ESifh qufpyfokH;pGJí
r&acs/
archive.y½kd*&rfzkdif okdYr[kwf tcsuftvufzkdifrsm;ukd
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rsm;onf rl&if;zkdifrsm;ESifh tjrefqHk;jzpfonf/ (backup ukd
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back up rsm;ukd zefwD;xm;Ekdifaomfvnf; (PC Tools ESifh
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plus uJhokdY backup y½kd*&rfrsm;ukdtokH;jyKjcif;u tvG,ful
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archive attribute. Backup y½kd*&rfwpfcktokH;jyKNyD;
rl&if;zkdifrsm;ukdrdwåLul;onfhtcgwGif y½kd*&rfu ,if;\
archive attribute ukd ydwfxm;jcif;tm;jzifh zkdifwpfckpDudk
backup vkyNf yD;aMumif; rSwo
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yGifhoGm;onf/ aemufqHk;tBudrf backup vkyfcJhonfh tcsdefrS
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vkyf&efvdktyfaMumif; þtcsufu y½kd*&rfukd today;yg
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ARCNET or ARCnet. Attached resource computer
network \ twkdaumufpmvHk;jzpfonf/ Data point
Corporation rS jyKvkyo
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standard wkdY jzpfonf/ ,if;rSm token bus network
D ? 2007 ckEpS f

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ukd twdtusajymjyaom azmfjycsufwpf&yf jzpfonf/ Oyrm-
pm&if;Z,m; wpfckxJwGif wefzdk; (15) ck\ ysrf;rQwefzdk;ukd
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wefzdk;(15)ck\ ysrf;rQwefzdk;ukd function u qHk;jzwfay;
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onfh uGefysLwmtpdwftykdif;jzpfonf/ ALU onf central
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qufvuf aqmif&u G af epOf wGucf surf &I v'frsm;ukd xde;f odr;f
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arithmetic operator . rnfonfh mathematical ope-
ration tm; vkyfaqmifjy&rnfukd y½kd*&rfwpfcktm; ajymjy
onfh oauFwtrSwftom;wpfck jzpfonf/ Oyrm a+onf
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rsm;onfh mathematical operator rsm;pGmukd erlem azmfjy
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Array. pDpOfae&mcsxm;onfh location tpkHjzpfonf/
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tpjyK address okdYr[kwf identifier rSaeí &,lokH;pJGEkdif
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wef;wpfv;Hk ukd pOf;pm;Munfyh g/ wku d cf ef;rsm;ukd one-dimen-
sional array t& 1 rS 32 txd eHygwfxkd; (oauFw
owfrSwf) ay;NyD; FLAT 1, FLAT 2 ponfjzifh &nfñTef;
oGm;Ekdifonf/ tajymif;tvJtaejzifh yxrxyfwGif 11 rS
14, 'kwd,xyfwGif 21 rS 24, wwd,xyfwGif 31 rS 34
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ROOM 3 ponfjzifh &nfñTef;oGm;Ekdifonf/ (Row ESifh
column rsm;ukd tokH;jyKonfhtcg data item rsm;ukd row
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F$3 ponfjzifh odrf;qnf;xm;Ekdifonf/ (BASIC xJwGif
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0,f&ygrnf/)
Ä bufx&D tm;oGif;puf
ESifh BudK;rsm; (trsm;tm;
jzifh uGefysLwmodkY wdkuf
½dkuf qufoG,fum tm;
oGif;Muygonf/)
Ä 0if;'dk;pfpepf rl&if; pD'DESifh
tjcm;tydak y;aomaqmhz0f J
pD'Drsm;
Ä VGA, sound, CD drive
ponfwYkd twGuf driver
pD'Drsm;
Ä OEM odYkr[kwf backup
pD'D (¤if;wGif 0if;'d;k pfpepf
ESifh driver aqmhzf0Jrsm;
udk aygif;í xnfhxm;
wwfygonf/)
Ä toHk;jyK vrf;nTefpmtkyf
odkYr[kwf pm&Gufrsm;
180
Laptop
wpfvHk;udk toHk;jyKzdkY&m
Ä tmrcHuwfjym; odYkr[kwf
ajypmjzpfonf/
txl;ojzifh CD drive
onf
Ä CD od k Y r[k w f DVD
zwfpuf
Ä CD-RW pD'u D ;l Edik f
Ä DVD/CD-RW zwfpuf
+ pD'Dul;Edkif
Ä DVD-RW zwfpuf +
'DAD'Dul;Edkif
ponf tcsufrsm;udk
rdrd0,fvdkonfhtwdkif; rSef?
rrSefudk ppfaq;&ygrnf/
xdYk twl ¤if; CD drive
twGuf aqmhzf0J oD;jcm;yg?
rygudkvnf; Munhfyg/
rS w f & ef r S m laptop,
notebook ta[mif;udk 0,f
vQif txufygtwdik ;f pHv
pGm&Edik rf nfr[kwyf g/odYkaomf
uGefysLwm*sme,f Zefe0g&Dv? 2007 ckESpf
twwfEikd q f ;kH &atmifawmif;
qdkMunfhyg/
Laptop [kac:Mujcif;
rSm aygifay:wifí oHk;Edkif
aom t&G,t f pm;aMumifjh zpf
NyD; notebook onf pmtkyf
wpftkyf t&G,ftpm;aMumifh
jzpfonf/ odkYaomf tac:
ta0:rsm;xuf rsuf j rif
t&G,ftpm;udk ppfaq; 0,f
,lEdkifygonf/
Laptop odkYr[kwf note-
book wpfvHk;onf wpfOD;
k if csif;oHk; uGefysLwm (desk-
top) wpfvHk;xuf rsm;pGm
aps;BuD;ygonf/ Desktop
xufpmvQif tysufvnf;
ydkjrefygonf/ jyif&efcufí
ypön;f rsm; tpm;xk;d &efvnf;
ydkícufygonf/ odkYjzpfí
¤if;wdkYudk pnf;urf;wus
toHk;jyK udkifwG,f&ef vdktyf
ygrnf/ Laptop odkYr[kwf
notebook rsm;\ yxrqHk;
ysufpD;jcif;wGif tzHk;tzGifh?
tydwf odkYr[kwf display
screen yg0ifonf/ ¤if;wdkY
udk ywåmozG,f qufxm;
aomaMumifh tBudrfaygif;
rsm;pGm tzGifh? tydwf jyKvkyf
jcif;tm;jzifh ywåmtquf
rsm; Bud K ;tuf v mjcif ; ?
twGif;rS qufoG,fBudK;rsm;
jywfawmufjcif; jzpfay:vm
ygonf/ tzHk;tzGifh? tydwf
udk ajz;nif;pGm zGifhjcif;? ydwf
jcif;jyKvkyf&ygrnf/ wkefcg
aeaom rsufESmjyif (Oyrm
tm;jzifh um;? &xm;)ay:
wGif zGifhxm;jcif;jzifh ¤if;
tzH;k onf wkecf gaeum BudK;
yJhrI jrefqefapygvdrfhrnf/
jrifuiG ;f
jrifuGif;udk 'display
panel, monitor, screen'
ponf trsKd;rsKd;ac:Muaomf
vnf; LCD [kajymvQif vHk
avmufygonf/ ¤if; LCD
udk roHk;bJ oD;jcm;armfeDwm
jzifh csdwfquf oHk;Edkifonf/
rdu
k u
f ½dzk ek ;f
¤if ; ud k z&d r f a bmif
twG i f ; jr§ K yf x m;wwf N yD ;
toHoGif;Edkifonf/ Laptop

a&SUwGif pum;ajymjcif;jzifh
uGefysLwmodkY oufqdkif&m
aqmhzf0JrSwpfqifh zrf;,l
odr;f xm;Edik o
f nf/ odYk r[kwf
tifwmeufrSwpfqifh tjcm;
wpfae&modkY a&mufapyg
onf/
uD;bkwf
uD;cvkwftpHk yg0ifNyD;
tcsKdUonf PC uGefysLwm
uJhodkY ½dkufEdSyfEdkifonf/ oD;
jcm; keypad rygaomfvnf;
¤if;vkyaf qmifcsufrsm; yg0if
ygonf/ uD;cvkwrf sm;ae&m
ydkpdwfxm;í tavhtusifh
r&dSao;ygu yHkrSefuD;bkwf
wpfckjzifh csdwfquf oHk;Edkif
onf/
pyDum
¤if;wdkYonf oHpHk pwD
&D,dkpyDum trsKd;tpm;rsm;
jzpfMuNyD; laptop \ z&drfxJ
wGijf r§KyfNyD; wnfaqmufxm;
onf / toH t aetxm;
odkYr[kwf pGrf;&nfudk tm;
r&ygu oD;jcm; pyDumjzifh
csdwfquf oHk;Edkifonf/
BuKd ;rJh uGe&f uf
tjrefziG hf cvkwf
armufpuf Jo
h Ykd
oHk;&onfh
vufyGwfjym; em;Muyfz;kH *suaf yguf
uGeyf sLwmtaxGaxG
rdu
k u
f ½dzk ek ;f *suf pD'Dpuf tvkyfvkyfaeonf
oD;jcm; rdu k u
f ½dzk ek ;f jzifh ponfwdkYudk jrifEdkif? odEdkif
wyfqif oHk;Edkifonf/ onf/ xdkYtwl uD;bkwfwGif
vnf; Caps Lock oHk;ae
em;Muyf *suaf yguf onf? bluetooth udk oHk;ae
em;Muyfjzifh em;axmif onf ponfuv kd nf; jrifEikd f
Edkif&efjzpfí oD;jcm; pyDum ygonf/ yg0gcvkwfrsm; (Suspend/
rsm; odkYr[kwf toHcsJUpuf Resume/Power On But-
rsm;odkYvnf; csdwfqufEdkif BuKd ;rJh uGe&f uf ton)
onf/ (wireless LAN) Laptop udk vHk;0 ydwf
¤if; cvkwo
f nf wire- vdu
k jf cif; r[kwb f J acwå&yf
less Local Area Network xm;Ed k i f o nf / od k Y r[k w f
vkyaf qmifru
I kd zGiEhf ikd ?f ydwEf ikd f vHk;0 ydwfvdkufEdkifygonf/
onf/
armufpf ud,k pf m;jyK
vufywG jf ym; (Touchpad
pointing device)
acsmarG U nD n maom
rsufESmjyifi,fay:odkY vuf
n§Kd ;jzifh yGwjf cif;jzifh armufpf
vrf;nTerf ;D rsm; vkyfief;aqmifwmrsm;udk jyK
Laptop oHk;aepOf vkyfief; vk y f E d k i f o nf / tcsKd U wG i f
pOfrsm;udk ud, k pf m;jyK tvif; (trackball) ac: abmvHk;uJh
a&mifxGufay;onfh rD;vHk; odkY tvHk;udk vufjzifh vdSrfh& rSwfÓPfuwf zwfpuf
odkYr[kwf rD;a&mifrsm; jzpf NyD; tcsKdUwGif (ergoTrac (Memory card reader)
onf/ jyify yg0gudk oHk;ae pointing device) ac: ikwf
,ck acwfpm;aeaom
onf? bufx&Dudk oHk;ae wdkifi,fuav;udk vufjzifh uifr&mrS uwfrsm;? MP3
onf? [mh''f pfvnfaeonf? a&GUvsm;ap&ygonf/ player, mobile phone,
PDA, flash devices ponf
abmifwiG f jrK§ yx
f m;aom rdu
k u
f ½dzk ;kH wdkYrS uwfrsm;udk xnfhEdkif
onf/ tcsuftvufrsm;udk
ul;,lEdkifonf/
jrifuiG ;f xdkYtwl USB, PCM-
CIA aygufrsm;ESifh tjcm;
pwD&,D kd pyDum
oD;jcm; csdwfqufaygufrsKd;pHk
yg0gcvkwf (acwå&yfxm;&efEiS hf jyefp&ef)
yg0if & m tqd k y g ports
uD;bkwf
taygufrsm;udk rnfuo hJ Ykd o;kH
tcsujf y rD;vH;k av;rsm;
&rnf odkYr[kwf rdrdtwGuf
rSwÓf Pfuwf xnf&h ef rnfodkYtoHk;0ifrnfudk avh
rdu
k u
f ½dzk ;kH *suaf yguf tayg u f vmoifhygonf/
uGefysLwm*sme,f Zefe0g&Dv? 2007 ckESpf 181
uGeyf sLwmoifcef;pm
Registry odYk 0ifa&muf arTaESmufjcif;
Display Properties
acwå azsmufxm;jcif;
u owdrrlMuaomfvnf;
trsm;tm;jzifh ESpfoufMuyg
onf/ tcsKdUu olwdkY zefwD;
Display Properties xm;onfh tqiftjyifrsm;
[k qdkvdkonfESifh uGefysLwm aemufcH ½Icif;yHk odkYr[kwf
desktop ay:u ½Icif; tvS screen saver udk tjcm;ol
tyrsm;? a&mifpkH aemufcrH sm; wpfOD;OD;u 0ifjyifwmudkyif
ESihf 0if;'d;k pfeUJ jrifuiG ;f 'DZikd ;f rBudKufMuyg/ ajymvdkYvnf;
tzHzk ukH kd rsufpx d J jrifrMd urSm rjzpfb;l [k qdv
k Qiaf wmh reg-
yg/ ¤if; tvSty zefwD;rI istry udk oHk;NyD; Display
rsKd;udk uGefysLwmorm;tcsKdU Properties \ tab rsm;udk
182 uGefysLwm*sme,f Zefe0g&Dv? 2007 ckESpf
\ tab rsm;udk
acwå ydwfxm;Edkifygonf/
tqdyk g Display Prop-
erties (dialog box) wGif
'Themes, Desktop, Scre-
en Saver, Apperance,
Settings' [lí vkyfaqmif
Edkifcsuf tab rsm;udk awGU&yg
rnf/ ¤if;wdkYudk azsmufxm;
jcif;jzifh tjcm; olwpfOD;OD;
u 0ifrjyifEdkif&ef jzpfonf/
¤if;twGuf
1/ Registry editor ukd zGifh
NyD; [HKEY_LOCAL_
MACNINE\SOFT-
WARE\Microsoft\
Windows\Current-
Version\Policies\ Sys-
tem] udk a&G;cs,z
f iG v
hf u
kd f
yg/ ¤if; 'System' pm
om;ay:odkY armufpf nm
bufcvkwfESdyfNyD; ay:
vmaom pop-up menu
rS New>DWORD
Value ukd zGifhyg/
2/ nmbufjrifuiG ;f &dS topf
ay:vmaom new key
tuGufwGif 'NoDisp-
BackgroundPage' [k
pmvHk;rsm;udk wpfquf
wnf; ½dkufxnfhyg/
3/ ¤if ; 'NoDispBack-
groundPage' pmom;
ay:wGif armufpf nm
buf uvpf xyfESdyfNyD;
ay:vmaom pop-up
menu rS 'Modify' ukd
a&G;cs,fyg/
4/ xdktcg 'Edit DWORD

Value' dialog box wpfck
ay:vmygrnf/ ¤if;wGif
Hexadecimal \ wefz;kd
'Value data:' udk ' 1 ' [k
ajymif;ay;vdkufyg/
4/ OK udk EdSyfNyD; ¤if; ae&m
rS jyefxGufum uGefysL
wmudk jyefarmif;vdkuf
yg/
'Display Properties' udk
zGifhMunhfvQif Desktop [k
jrifae&aom tab wpfckudk
rawGU&awmhyg/ wpfenf;
tm;jzifh wpfpHkwpfOD;rS 'Dis-
play Properties' udk zGifhum
Desktop udk jyifEdkifawmh
rnf r[kwfyg/
xd k Y enf ; wl 'Screen
Saver, Appearance, Set-
tings' tab rsm;udkvnf; Reg
-edit jzifh 0ifum azsmufxm;
Edkifygonf/
xdo
k Ydk aqmif&u
G &f mwGif
'Screen Saver' twGuf
'NoDispScrSavPage'
'Appearance' twGuf
NoDispAppearancePage'
'Settings' twGuf
NoDispSettingPage'
[lí ½dkufxnhf&ygrnf/
¤if;wdYk ukd trSwpf Of (2)
ae&mwGif ajymif;vJ ½dkuf&ef
jzpfí pmvHk;rsm;udk Mum;ae
&m rcH&bJ qufwdkuf ½dkuf&
ygrnf/ tqdkyg vkyfief;pOf
tm;vHk; NyD;pD;aomtcg 'Dis
-play Properties' wGif tab
rsm;udk rjrif&awmhyg/
rlvtwdik ;f jyefxnf&h ef
txufyg prf;oyfcsuf
udk jyKvkyfNyD; rvdktyfí rlv
twdkif; jyefxm;&efrSm Reg-
edit odkY 0ifNyD; jyKvkyfxm;cJh
onfh pmaMumif;rsm;ay:odkY
armufpf nmuvpf axmuf
um ay:vmaom pop-up
uGeyf sLwmoifcef;pm
Regedit vkyif ef;pOfukd
rSww f rf;wifxm;yg/
Regedit jzifh registry
odkY 0ifí jyifonfh vkyfief;
pOftm;vHk;onf oifh uGefysL
wmtwGuf tqifrajyrIrsm;
udk jzpfapEdkifygonf/ txl;
ojzifh registry jzifh ajymif;
vJxm;onfh tcsufrsm;udk
rlvtwdkif; jyefvnfí azmf
xkwf r&Edkifawmhjcif; jzpf
onf/ odkYjzpfí ajymif;vJ
csuftm;vH;k udk rSww f rf;wif
xm;oifhonf/ ¤if;twGuf
Registry Editor twG i f ;
&daS epOf File > Export ... udk
zGiyhf g/ ¤if;wGif zdik t
f rnfay;
í odrf;rnfhae&mudk owf
rSwfay;yg/ xdkYaemuf 'Reg-
istration Files (*.reg),
Registry Hive Files (*.*),
Text Files (*.txt), All Files

menu rS Delete udk a&G;cs,f ponf rnfonfhzdkiftrsKd;

um jyefzsufvu kd yf g/ uGeyf sL
wmudk jyefarmif;vdkufvQif
rlvtwdkif; tab rsm; jyefay:
aeygvdrfhrnf/
tpm;jzifh odrf;rnfudk owf
rSwaf y;yg/ txl;ojzifh Re-
gistration Files (*.reg) ESihf
odrf;yg/ ext Files (*.txt)
jzifhvnf; odrf;Edkifygonf/

uGefysLwm*sme,f Zefe0g&Dv? 2007 ckESpf 183

 PHOTOSHOP jzwfvrf;enf;rsm;

cJjcpf okrYd [kwf cJreT ;f yHw

k pfyt
kH jzpfoYkd
uGeyf sLwmESihf "mwfyekH nf;ynmrsm; wd;k wufvmonfEiS hf tjzL? trnf; odrYk [kwf rD;cd;k a&mifoYkd
trQ a&mifpHkyHkrsm;udk ta&miftaoG; pHkvif awmufypGmjzifh a&mifpHk yHkwpfyHkudk tjzL? trnf; odkYr[kwf rD;cdk;a&mifodkY
½dkufEdSyf xkwfa0Muygonf/ odkYaomf vlom;wdkYu a&mifpHk ajymif;&ef Photoshop menu ay:rS 'Image > Mode >
r[kwfonfh tjzL? trnf; odkYr[kwf cJjcpfvuf&mqefqef Greyscale' udk a&G;cs,fvdkufyg/ xdkYaemuf yHkwlwpfyHk yGm;yg/
yHkrsm;udk jyefvnf wrf;wMujyefonf/ "mwfyHkrsm;xuf cJqGJ xdkodkY yHkwlyGm;&ef rl&if;yHktvTmay:odkY armufpf nmuvpfEdSyf
yef;csDrsm;u wefzdk;wufvmjyefonf/ odkYjzpfí uGefysLwm NyD; 'Duplicate Layer..' udk zGifhyg/ ay:vmaom box wGif
'DZdkif;ynm&SifwdkYuvnf; 'sketch' ac: cJjcpfaMumif;qefqef trnfopfay;vdkufNyD; OK udk EdSyfvdkufyg/ aemufwpfenf;
yHrk sm;udk zefw;D Mu&jyefygonf/ ¤if;ESiyhf wfoufí *sme,fwiG f
azmfjycJhNyD;jzpfaomfvnf; oifcef;pmtopfrsm;tjzpf rMum
cP xnfhoGif;ay;ygrnf/
cJjcpf odkYr[kwf cJwHjzifh rTef;jc,fa&;qGJonfh yHkrsKd;udk
Photoshop wGif zefwD;&mwGif atmufyg tajccHtusqHk;
oifcef;pmudk avhvmapvdkygonf/

rSm ¤if;rl&if;tvTmudk armufpfjzifh axmufNyD; layers palette

\atmufbuf&Sd 'Create a new layer' icon odYk qGcJ svu kd yf g/
xdkYaemuf tqdkyg yHkwltvTmudk a&G;cs,fNyD; 'Image >
Adjustments > Invert' udk zGifhvdkufyg/ uD;cvkwftm;jzifh
(Ctrl+I) jzpfonf/ yHo
k nf "mwfykH e*¾wpfypkH rH sK;d odYk ajymif;oGm;
ygvdrfhrnf/

184 uGefysLwm*sme,f Zefe0g&Dv? 2007 ckESpf

 ¤if;yHkudk layer palette \ tay:uGuf (blending
mode) &dS 'color dodge' udka&G;cs,fyg/ xdktcg yHkonf tjzL
a&mif odYk r[kwf tvif;a&mifoYkd ajymif;oGm;ygrnf/ xdYk aemuf
menu ay:&dS 'Filer > Blur > Gaussian Blur...' udk zGifhyg/
tjzL? trnf; okrYd [kwf cJjcpfvuf&mtjzpfoYkd
tqifh (1)
Photoshop wGif ajymif;vdkonfh yHkwpfyHkudk zGifhyg/
tu,fí a&G;cs,fvdkufaom yHk\ color mode onf index
jzpfaeygu Image > Mode > rSwpfqifh RGB odkYr[kwf
CMYK udk a&G;cs,fjcif;jzihf ajymif;vdkufyg/

tqifh (2)
Layers palette ay:&dS 'Background' layer udk nm
bufuvpf jyKvkyfNyD; 'Duplicate Layer' udk a&G;cs,fyg/
tvTmopfwpfck ay:vmygvdrfhrnf/ Background copy
odkYr[kwf trnfwpfckckay;vdkufyg/

yHkonf teuf odkYr[kwf rD;cdk;a&mifodkY "mwfyHkom;rsKd;tjzpf

ay:aeNyD; ¤if; setting wGif 'Radius:' udk 5 pixels ay;Munhf
yg/ cJjcpf odkYr[kwf cJrTef;yHkMurf;wpfyHk ay:vmygvdrfhrnf/
tqdkyg radius udk vdktyfovdk csdefnd§Munfhyg/ ¤if;
twGuf pixels wefzdk; ½dkufxnfhíaomfvnf;aumif;? pau;
wHuav;udk a&TUay;jcif;jzifhaomfvnf;aumif; yHk\ t&nf
taoG;onf ajymif;vJaeonfukd jrif&ygrnf/ rdrd vdck sifaom
yHktaetxm;wGif &yfNyD; zdkifudk odrf;vdkufyg/

tqifh (3)
topf jyKvkyfvdkufonfh tvTmudk zGifhxm;NyD; 'Ctrl+
Shift+U' udk EdSyfyg/ tjzL? trnf; yHk&dyftjzpf ajymif;oGm;yg
vdrfhrnf/

Resolution odrYk [kwf pixel per inch (ppi)

yHw
k pfyukH kd zefw;D wnfaqmufNyD;onft h cg y&ifx h w
k ,
f l
&ef 300 ppi (pixel or picture element per inch) odYk ajymif;
ay;&onf/ ¤if;twGuf tvTmwpfckudk wnfaqmufNyD;
import odYk r[kwf copy enf;jzifh tqdy k gyHu
k kd ajymif;,l&rnf/
tqdkyg aemufcH t&G,ftpm;ESifh nDap&ef yHkudk t&G,ftpm;
ajymif;ay;Edkifonf/ ¤if;twGuf y&ifhxkwf,l&mwGif vdktyf
aom resolution udk tvdktavsmuf ajymif;oGm;ygvdrfhrnf/

uGefysLwm*sme,f Zefe0g&Dv? 2007 ckESpf 185

tqifh (4)
tqdkyg Background layer udk aumfyDwpfck xyfvkyf Windows XP tips
vdkufyg/

tqifh (5)
¤if; aumfyDtvTmudk a&G;cs,fNyD; Ctrl + I EdSyfvdkufyg/ yHk
onf "mwfyHk e*¾wpfyHkpHrsKd;odkY ajymif;oGm;onfudk awGU&yg
rnf/ ¤if;tvTmudk Color Dodge odkY xyfajymif;vdkufyg/
tjzLa&mifazsmhaom jrifuGif;odkY ajymif;oGm;ygrnf/
tqifh (6)
¤if;udk 'Filter > Blur > Gaussinan blur ...' udk zGifhNyD;
Gaussinan blur filter (Radius:) pixels wefzdk;udk csdefnd§
ay;yg/ vdktyfvQif opacity udkvnf; tenf;i,f csdefnd§Edkif
ygonf/ xdkodkY csdefnd§&mwGif rl&if;yHkonf rnfodkYjzpfrnfudk
rcefYrSef;EdkifaomaMumifh wefzdk; rnfrQ ajymif;&rnfudkvnf;
azmfjyí r&Edkifyg/ oif\ tawGUtBuHKESifh tjrift& tjzL?
trnf; odkYr[kwf cJom;a&mif yHkwpfyHkudk &EdkifygNyD/
uvpf wpfcsuf EdyS ½f ekH JY zdik rf sm;udk zGizhf &Ykd m
0if;'dk;pfpepfrSm zdkifwpfzdkifudk zGifhcsif&if armufpfuvpf
2 csuf EdSyf&ygw,f/ 'gudk Mumw,fvdkY xifxm;&ifvnf;
uvpfwpfcsufwnf;eJY zGifhEdkifatmif ajymif;xm;
Edkifygw,f/ ¤if;twGuf 'My Computer' udk zGifhNyD;
menu ay:u Tools udk uvpfvkyfvdkufNyD;
ay:vmaom pop-up menu rS Folder Options udk
a&G;cs,fvdkufyg/ xdktcg Folder Options
(dialog box) ay:vmygvdrfhr,f/ ¤if;wGif
General (tab) rS 'Single-click to open an item
[point to select]' udk a&G;cs,fvdkufyg/
Apply - OK udk EdSyfNyD; jyefxGufvdkufyg/
tck uvpfwpfcsufEdSyf½Hkjzifh
zdkifudk zGifhEdkifygNyD/

186 uGefysLwm*sme,f Zefe0g&Dv? 2007 ckESpf

 aemuf Image > adjustments > levels udk
tqifh (1)
oGm;yg/ Button udk acsmarGUyDoonftxd in-
tjzLa&mif background rSm 400 x 400 px put levels rS Bwd*HESpfckudk tv,fodkY drag
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topf wpfckvkyfNyD; Rectangular Marquee udk ESyd x
f m;&if 'Alpha 1' channel tay: uvpf
tool udk oHk;í atmufrSmjyxm;whJ t&G,ftpm; ESdyfí a&G;,lyg/ layers tab tay: uvpfESdyfyg/
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jyKvkyfyg/ Selection udk tjzLa&mifeJY jznhfNyD; Foreground color ukd R:212 G:214
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menu ae&mrSm twkdif; jzpfatmifvkyfyg/
prf;oH;k Munfyh g/

filter > blur > Gaussian Blur udkoGm;NyD;

radius rSm 3.5 xm;yg/ OK udk uvpfESdyfyg/

187 uGefysLwm*sme,f Zefe0g&Dv? 2007 ckESpf 187

 New layer jyKvkyfyg/ Foreground color udk R:192
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shadow okdYvnf;oGm;NyD; yHkrSmjyxm;whJ settings rsm; oHk;yg/
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wGif &Sd&rnf/) Selection udk tjzLa&mifjzifh jznhfyg/

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yg/ Layers tab udk uvpfESdyfyg/ Select > Inverse okdY
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Ä Graphic Styles (Bevel Green Mouse Down)
ajymif;yg/

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( White, Black, Radil) ajymif;yg/

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xnfhyg/
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udk a&G;í pm&Gufwpfae&mwGif qGJyg/

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uGeyf sLwmoifcef;pm

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Ä Bwd*Hatmufvdkif;yHkpHwGif t&pfvdkif;av;rsm;xnfh&ef
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Ä vdkif;wGefYyHkpHajymif;&ef
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uGeyf sLwmoifcef;pm

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xnfhyg/
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Ä Happy New Year 2007 udk a&;&eftwGuf

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192 uGefysLwm*sme,f Zefe0g&Dv? 2007 ckESpf

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204 uGefysLwm*sme,f Zefe0g&Dv? 2007 ckESpf



Word oifcef;pm

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uGeyf sLwmudk pwif avhvm oifMum;Muolwikd ;f yxrqH;k ezl;awG?Y 'l;awGY awGMY u&rnfyh ½d*k &rfrmS Microsoft Office rS Word
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dS m;MuNy;D jzpfonf/ tenf;qH;k vl 10 OD;vQif 10 OD;vH;k Auto Correct ESihf Auto Format
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avhvm oifMum;Muolrsm; twGuf tqifajyacsmarGpY mG vkyu f ikd af qmif&uG Ef idk Mf uygvrd rhf nf/

tcef; (1) tykdif; (1) INSTALLATION

Installation CD awmif;cHrI uif;apjcif;
Installation, Repair and Configuration
Word udk toHk;jyKEkdifa&;twGuf Microsoft Office
Annoyance
[lonfh toHk;csy½dk*&rfBuD; tjynfhtpHkjzifhjzpfap? oD;jcm; Word program rS components tcsKdU aysmufqHk;ae
y½dk*&rfwpfcktaejzifhjzpfap yxrOD;pGm install vkyf,l&yg onfjzpfap? xnfhoGif;pOfu rjynfhrpHk yg&SdvmonfhtcgwGif
vdrfhrnf/ Word onf Office \ tpdwftydkif;wpfckjzpfonfh jzpfap installation CD tm; awmif;cHvmEkdifonf/
twGufaMumifh rdrdwGif Microsoft Office aqmhzf0Jy½dk*&rf
BuD;yg pD'Dtqifh&Sdaernfjzpfonf/ ,cktcg trsm;qHk; toHk; Fix
jyKaeMuaom version rSm Office 2002 [kvnf; od&Sdxm; tvkyv f yk u
f ikd af epOftwGi;f rSmyif rdrd vkyu
f ikd af qmif&u
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rdrdyDpDay:wGif install vkyf&mü &SdNyD;om; version tm; up- installation CD tm; xnfhum jznfhoGif;,lEkdifa&;twGuf
grade vkyf,lrnfh yHkpHtaetxm;jzifhfvnf;aumif;? vHk;0r&Sd vHIYaqmfrI annoyance av; ½kwfw&uf ay:vmcJhonf&Sdaomf
ao;ojzifh topfpufpuf yHkpHtaetxm;jzifhvnf;aumif; tcufawGYMu&wwfonf/
install vkyf,lEkdifMuonf/ Word udk toHk;csonfhtcgwGif odkYtwGuf rlv pwif install vkyfpOfumvtwGif; rnf
annoyance uif;uif; &,lvdkygu pwif install vkyfpOf onfh version wGifrqdk yg&Sdvmwwfonfh basic option
umvtwGif;u basic options rsm;taMumif;udk BudKwif rsm;udk aocsmzwf½INyD; rdrd tNrJwap vkyfudkifaqmif&Gufrnfh
odxm;oifhonfjzpfouJhodkY configure vkyf&mwGif rSefuefrI yHpk EH iS hf udu
k nf oD nfh tcsufrsm;udk nTejf yoGi;f &rnf jzpfonf/
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uGefysLwm*sme,f Zefe0g&Dv? 2007 ckESpf 205

 Word oifcef;pm




installation catche tm; xm;&SdcJhrnfvm; odkYr[kwf de- wpfcak y:wGif wnfaqmuf,v l ykd gonf[k owfrwS af y;vku
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lete vkyrf nfvm;[lonfh a&G;cs,fciG ahf y;vmvQif rdrt
d aejzifh &onfo h abm jzpfonf/ þae&mwGif Setup box wGif azmfjy
xm;&SdrnfhtaMumif;udk a&G;cs,f owfrSwf,lvkdufoifhonf/ yg&SdonfhyHkpHonf edition ay: rlwnfívnf; uGJjym;em;rI
odYkro
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pGufrI jyKvkyfEkdifygvdrfhrnf/ xdkodkY jyKvkyfEkdifonfhtwGuf in- Professional Enterprise odkYr[kwf Small Business
stallation CD awmif;cHvmrIrsKd; uif;a0;oGm;apEkdifygonf/ odkYr[kwf Standard [lí jzpfonf/ odkY&mwGif vkyfaqmif&
rnfh principle rSm twlwlyif jzpfygvdrfhrnf/
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Annoyance
rdryd pD aD y:wGif rlvu word version wpfc&k NdS yD;vsufEiS hf
aemufxyf version wpfckukd vdktyfcsufESifhnD xyfrH in-
stall vkyfaomtcgwGif y½kd*&rfonf ¤if;udk ukd,fwkdif rlv
version ta[mif;tm; overwrite vkyf,lrnf[k owday;
vmwwfonf/

Fix
Office y½dk*&rfBuD;rS Word ESifh tjcm; application
onf omreftm;jzifh NyD;cJhaom version \ application
rsm;tay: install xyfrv H yk &f mwGif overwrite vky,
f al vh&MdS u
ojzifh rddrdtaejzifh tjcm; word version wpfckudk xyfrHwif
xm;vdkcJhygvQif install vkyfpOfumvtwGif; taotcsm
configure jyKvkyf&rnfjzpf\/ yHkwGifjyxm;onfhtwkdif;
Microsoft Office 2003 ukd xyfoGif;onf qdkygpdkY/ Setup
box wGif upgrade tpm; tjcm;yHkpHjzifh install vkyfrIudk a&G;
cs,fay;&efjzpfonf/ y½dk*&rf\ setup tqdkt& rlv wnf Word 2000 ESifh Word XP wkdYtm; yDpDwpfvHk;ay:wGif
aqmufNyD;om; ajruGuw f iG f ae&m,lrnfvm;? tjcm; ajruGuf Shortcuts ESprf sK;d jzifh xm;&Sjd cif;
wpfckay:wGif wnfaqmufvkdonfvm;[k ar;jref;onfh Annoyance
oabmjzpfonf/ xdktcg rdrdtaejzifh tjcm;ajruGuf topf Version ESpfrsKd; yDpDwpfvHk;ay:wGif wifxm;NyD; short-
cut wpfckwnf;yJ xm;&Sdrdygu rnfonfh version udk toHk;
jyKrnfudk rod&Sd&um vGJrSm;rIrsm; jzpfwwfonf/

Fix
Office 2000 udk install vkyfxm;NyD;aom yDpDay:wGif
Office XP tm; xyfrH install vkyf,laomtcg Office XP
onf rlv Office 2000 \ shortcut udkyif grab vkyf,l&ef
&nf&,G v
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shortcuts rsm;udk jyKvkyfxm;vdkuf&onf/

(1) Start rS Run ukd a&G;cs,f,lNyD; Run box twGif;odkY

"%program files%" ,lí½du k x
f nfvh u
dk &f onf/ NyD;vQif
Enter udk ESdyfíjzpfap? OK [lonfh cvkwfudk Click

206 uGefysLwm*sme,f Zefe0g&Dv? 2007 ckESpf





vkyfí jzpfap jyKvkyf&onf/ % programfiles% onf
program file folder okYd path vkyxf m;onfh yHpk t H rsK;d rsK;d
&Sdaeonfh environment wpfckjzpfonf/
(2) Program Files rsm;udk tjyma&mifaemufcjH zifh window
ay:wGif "These Files Are Hidden" [laom message
udk jyvmonfhtcg "show the contents of this
folder" udk click vkyfí qufoG,f,lvkduf&onf/
(3) Office yg0ifaeaom folder yGiv hf mrnf/ omreftm;jzifh
¤if;udk Microsoft Office [kac:onf/ odkY&mwGif rdrd
install vkyf&mwGif customized vkyfxm;onfh trnf
rsm;jzifhom jyorIvnf; &SdEkdifonf/
(4) Office 2000 ygaeonfh folder udk zGiv hf u dk &f onf/ ¤if;
folder twGuf default name rS office jzpfonf/
(5) Office 2000 rS right -click wpfcp k u
D kd right click vkyf
,l&onf/ xdkYaemuf Send to udkoGm;í Desktop
(Create Shortcut) udk ESdyf,lvkdufvQif Desktop ay:
wGif shortcut wpfck ay:vmygvdrhfrnf/
(6) ay:vmonfh window av;udk ydwfí shortcut udk rdrd
owfrSwfrnfh trnf version udk rename vkyfay;vkduf
&onf/ (Oyrmtm;jzifh "WINWORD .EXE rS Word
2000 [k ajymif;&onf/) xdk shortcut av;tm;vnf;
rnfonfhae&modkYrqdk drag vkyf a&TU,lEdkifygonf/
Dual -Boot Configuration wpfcw
k iG f OSes ESpcf v
k ;kH wGif
Word udk xm;&Sjd cif;
Annoyance
rdrdyDpDwGif dual-boots Windows XP ESifh Window
2000 wkdY ESpfOD;NydKifí vnfywfxm;&SdpOfwGif Word y½dk*&rf
tm; ESpfBudrfoGif;,ljcif; rjyKbJ wpfBudrfwnf;jzifh OS wpfck
pDwGif a&muf&SdoGm;apvdkwwfonf/
Fix
xdkodkYtajctaersKd;udk &,lEdkifygonf/ odkY&mwGif re-
strictions tcsKdUawmh &Sdaeygonf/ yxrqHk;taejzifh OS
wpfckpDonf oD;jcm; partition wpfckpDjzifh install vkyfxm;
vuf wkYd t nTe;f
Office 2003 onf Office XP tay: overwrite vkyjf cif;?
Office 2000 shortcuts tay: overwrite vkyfjcif; rjyK
ay/ Start menu wGif wkduf½dkuf zefwD;ay;aponf/
uGefysLwm*sme,f Zefe0g&Dv? 2007 ckESpf
Word oifcef;pm

jcif; jzpf&ygvdrfhrnf/ tu,fí OSes rsm;onf partition
wpfckudk share vkyfxm;cJhygu Microsoft a0g[m&t&
"irregular" behavior [k ac:qdkxm;onfh Windows ex-
hibits udk &SmazG,l&rnf/ 'kwd,taejzifh partitions rsm;
onf format wlwljzifh yHkrSef toHk;jyK&rnf/ Oyrmtm;jzifh
NTFS odYk r[kwf FAT 32 (taumif;qH;k rSm NTFS jzpfonf)
tu,fírsm; partition wpfcw k iG f NTFS jzpfNyD; tjcm;wpfck
rSm FAT 32 jzpfaecJhygu rvGJraoG Office word udk parti-
tion wpfckwGif wpfBudrfpD oD;jcm; install vkyf,l&rnfom
jzpf\/
Partition wpfcq
k okd nfrmS
Physical drive wpfc\ k logical division wpfcjk zpf
onf/ Operating system wpfckudk install vkyfonfh
tcg drive wpfcktwGuf partition wnfaqmufrIyHkpHudk
pHoabmw&m;t& pOf;pm;qHk;jzwfMu&onf/ tu,fí
Windows XP odYkr[kwf Windows 2000 jzpfygu Disk
Management tool udk toH;k csí partition topfrsm;udk
zefwD;,lEkdifonf/ (odkYr[kwf vuf&dS partitions rsm;udk
y,fzsufypfEidk o f nf/) [Disk Management udk toH;k jyK
&ef Start odkYoGm;í Run odkY0ifum diskmgmt.msc [k
½kdufxnfhNyD; Enter udk ESdyfvkduf½Hkomjzpfonf/ ]
Disk Management onf vuf&dS partitions rsm;udk
yxrOD;pGm ry,fysufcJhvQif t&G,ftpm; jyefvnf owf
rSwfrI rjyKvkyfEkdifay/ vuf&Sd partitions wpfckudk t&G,f
tpm; jyefvnf owfrw S &f eftvdYk imS Symantec's Parti-
tion Magic odkYr[kwf V Communication's Partition
uJoh Ykd aom oD;jcm; third-party tool wpfcck uk kd toH;k jyK&
onf/ xdo k Ykd r[kwyf gu Linux \ Knoppix distribut-
ion uJhodkYaom tjcm;enf;vrf;jzifh ajz&Sif;,l&rnf
jzpfonf/
vdt
k yfonfh Graphics Filters rsm;tm; xnfo
h iG ;f ,ljcif;
Annoyance
JPEG onf uGefysLwmavmuü us,fjyefYpGm toHk;jyK
Muaom format jzpfonf/ 'pf*spwf ,fuifr&mrsm;rS xkwaf y;
aom "mwfyHktrsm;pkrSmvnf; JPEG jzpfaeonf/ okdY&mwGif
wpfcgwpf&H Word ESifh vkyfaqmifaeaom document ay:
odkY JPEG wpfckrQ wifr& jzpfwwfonf/
207
 Word oifcef;pm




Fix
Graphic filter udk xnfhoGif; install vkyfrxm;íaomf
vnf;aumif;? ysupf ;D oGm;íaomfvnf;aumif; jzpfwwfonf/
Start odkYoGm;í Control Panel udka&G;um Add or
Remove Programs odkY 0ifMunfh&onf/ ¤if;wGif Office
qdkonfht&mudk click vkyfí change cvkwfukd ESdyf&rnf/
Office Setup Wizard wGif Add or Remove features Op-
tion udk a&G;cs,f&jyefonf/ Office 2003 wGif "Choose
advanced customization of application" qdo k nfh pmwef;
udk ppfaq;&rnf/ ¤if;rS Office Shared Feature trsKd;tpm;
rsm;udk cGx
J w
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uGefysLwm*sme,f Zefe0g&Dv? 2007 ckESpf 217

uGeyf sLwmoifcef;pm

JAVA DEVELOPER GUIDE

3 .2.7 SHOW INPUT DIALOG BOX

Show Input Dialog Box taMumif;udk NyD;cJw
h hJ Chapter
[2] rSmwkef;u tajccHtm;jzifh ydkYcsay;cJhzl;ygw,f/ 'gayr,fh
tJ'D sample program rSmwkef;uawmh tajccHtm;jzifh
a&;om;vdkY&w,fqdkwmudkyJ &Sif;jyay;wmyg/ tckvdkrsKd;
package file awGeJY wGJzufNyD;awmh r&Sif;jycJh&ao;ygbl;/
'DawmhtvG,f&Sif;jy&&if Input Dialog Box qdkwmu
awmh user udk question vmar;wJhtcgrSm text.field rSm
Input Data awGudk store vkyfNyD; response vkyfwmygyJ/
Input Dialog Box udk ac:,ltoHk;csr,fqdk&if
ShowInputDialog (Component, Object);
txufyg method udk ac:,ltoHk;cs&rSm jzpfygw,f/
'Dawmh ShowInput Dialog Box xJrSm xnfhoGif; toHk;cs
xm;wJh arguments awGuawmh parent component and
string, 'grSr[kwf components or icon awGudk display
vkyfay;EkdifzdkYtwGuf a&;om;azmfjyay;xm;wJh component
& arguments awGyJ jzpfygw,f/

String response = JOption Pane. show Input Dialog (null, "Enter your name:");
>

>

>

>

>

>
Data type Variable_Name

Parent Class
(OR)
Object_Name
Call_method argument 1 argument 2

'gqdk&ifawmh InputDialog Box udk zefwD;ac:,lr,fh
tajccHenf;vrf;ygyJ/ String Data type udk toHk;csNyD;awmh
response qdkwJh variable udk aMunmygw,f/ NyD;awmh
JOption Pane Class xJuae toHk;cs&r,fhenf;vrf;jzpfwJh
Show Input Dialog ( ) method udk ac:,ltoH;k csygw,f/
Argument 1 ae&mrSm bmrS xnfo h iG ;f rxm;wJt
h wGuaf Mumifh
showInputDialog Box [m vmNyD;ay:vm&if Screen
tv,fwnfw h nfrh mS vmNyD;awmhrS Output udk show vkyaf y;
rSmyg/ taemufu argument 2 uawmh InputDialog Box
rSm yg0ifapcsifwJh pmom;ygyJ/
uJ 'Dtxd &Si;f NyDaemf/ tjcm; method wpfctk aeeJYq&kd if
awmh show InputDialog ( ) method udk atmufygenf;vrf;
taeeJYvnf; ac:,l toHk;csEkdifygw,f/

218 uGefysLwm*sme,f Zefe0g&Dv? 2007 ckESpf


Show Input Dialog
(Component, Object, String, int);
'D method rSmyg0ifwJh First & Second arguments
awGjzpfwJh Component, Object awGuawmh tay:rSm &Si;f jy
cJhwJh method awGygyJ/ uJ aemufxyf yg0ifvmwJh Third &
Fourth arguments awGuawmh
• The title to display in the dialog box title bar.
• One of five class constants describing the type
uGeyf sLwmoifcef;pm
of dialogbox: ERROR_MESSAGE, INFOR-
MATION_MESSAGE, PLAIN_MESSAGE,
QUESTION_MESSAGE, or WARRNING
_MESSAGE.
qdkNyD;awmh JAVA Developer Guide Book rSm &Sif;jyay;
xm;ygw,f/ 'Dawmh tckwifjyxm;wJh second-method udk
tajcjyKNyD;awmh avhvmMunfhr,fqdk&if atmufyg tajccH
code_line taeeJY avhvmvdkY &Ekdifygw,f/

String response = JOption Pane . showInputDialog (null, <------------------------------- argurment 1

"What is your IIP code?", <------------------------------- argument 2
"Enter ZIP code", <------------------------------- argument 3
JOption Pane.QUESTION_MESSAGE); <------------------------------- argument 4

txufyg code_line udk avhvmMunhf&if atmufyg Analysis

argument (4) ckpvH;k udk pepfwus toH;k jyKxm;wmudk awGY& 1/ vkdif;eHygwf (1) uawmh java &JU swing component
rSmyg/ 'gqdk&ifawmh tajccH method awGudk avhvmNyD;oGm; udk ac:,lxm;wJh package file ygyJ/ vkdif;eHygwf (2)
NyDqakd wmh ShowInput Dialog ( ) method udk toH;k csNyD;awmh uawmh out component udk ac:,ltoHk;cszdkYxm;wJh
program wpfyk'favmuf a&;MunfhMu&atmifvm;/ Declare vkyfxm;wJh package ygyJ/ tJ'Daemuf vkdif;
eHygwf (3) uawmh line-spacing csefxm;wmygyJ/ tJ'D
Listing 3.10 Demonstrate the ShowInputDialog ( ) aemuf vkid ;f eHygwf (4) rSmawmh primary class dialogs
method qdwk mudk zefw;D ygw,f/ Dialogs qdw k hJ primary Class
1. import javax.swing.*; udk zefw;D &mrSm JFrame class udk extends vkyx f m;wm
2. import java. awt.*; ygyJ/ 'Dtcsuf[m vHk;0 arhcsefxm;vdkY r&wJh ta&;BuD;
3. wJh tcsufwpfcsufygyJ/ uJ tJ'Daemuf vkdif;eHygwf (5)
4. public class dialogs extends JFrame { rSmrS main ( ) function udk a&;om;ygw,f/
5. public static void main (string args [ ]) { 2/ uJ main ( )function xJrSm a&;om;xm;wmudk avhvm
6. String response; MunfMh u&atmif/ String Date type udk toH;k jyKNyD;awmh
7. response = JOption Pane.ShowInputDialog response qdkNyD; variable_Name udk Declare vkyf
(null, ygw,f/ 'DtcgrSm response qdkwJh variable_Name
8. "Enter your name:") ; udk toHk;jyKNyD;awmh JOption Pane xJu ShowInput
9. } Dialog ( ) method udk ac:,lNyD;awmh toHk;csygw,f/
10. } 'g[m tay:rSm &Sif;jycJhovdkygyJ/

response = JOption Pane. showInput Dialog (null , "Enter your name:") ;

>

>

>

>

>

variable_Name Class cointainer to call method In 1st argument 2nd argument

Class cointainer is null is string

uGefysLwm*sme,f Zefe0g&Dv? 2007 ckESpf 219

uGeyf sLwmoifcef;pm
uJ tJ'Dvdk avhvmvkdufawmhvnf; ShowInputDialog
( ) method [m tvGefvG,fuloGm;ygw,f/ pmzwfol
taeeJYvnf; aemufykdif;rSm tvG,fwul avhvmvdkY
&oGm;rSmyg/ " " Double quote ESpfckMum;u string
jzpfwJh Enter your name qdkwJh ae&mrSm rdrdzefwD;r,fh
program eJY vkud zf ufwhJ pmom;udk xnfo h iG ;f a&;om;vdYk
&ygw,f/ vkdif;eHygwf (9) uawmh main ( ) function
&JU close brace } ygyJ/ vkdif;eHygwf (10) uawmh pri-
mary class dialog3 &JU close brace } ygyJ/
uJ program code_line awGudk avhvmNyD;oGm;&ifawmh
tJ'D code_line udk Notepad rSmoGm;NyD; ½duk of iG ;f yg/ NyD;awmh
tJ'D File_Name udk dialog3 .Java vdkY trnfay;yg/ tJ'D
File udk a&;om;NyD;awmh Save vkyfxm;yHkudk Figure 3.14
taeeJY avhvmMunfhyg/ owdjyK&rSmuawmh C:\j2sdk
1.4.1_01 \Bin > qdw k hJ Class path atmufrmS save vky&f rSm
aemf/ uJ Figure 3.14 udk avhvmvkdufygOD;/
Figure 3.14 Write the sample program code_line
in the Notepad.
uJ Figure 3.14 u a&;om;xm;wJh code_line awGukd
avhvmNyD;&ifawmh tJ'Dh File udk Compile & Run vkyfzdkY&m
twGuf command line windows (DOS) xJudkoGm;yg/
Command Line Windows xJuakd &muf&if atmufyg com-
mand eJY CLASSPATH'S udkajymif;yg/
CD C:\ j2sdk 1.4.1_01 \Bin ↵ oifcef;pmudk avhvmMu&atmifvm;/ 3.2.8 [m showInput-
uJ'gqk&d ifawmh CLASSPATH'S Directory ajymif;oGm;
rSmyg/ tJ'gqkd&ifawmh atmufyg command line eJY pro-
gram udk compile vkyfyg/
java c dialog3.java ↵ of show Input Dialog ( ) method vkdY trnfay;xm;yg
tJ'Dvdk compile vkyfNyD;awmh Error uif;oGm;NyDyJ qdkMu
ygpdkY/ Error &SdcJh&ifvnf; a&SUoifcef;pmawGrSmvkdrsKd; Error
220 uGefysLwm*sme,f Zefe0g&Dv? 2007 ckESpf
udk &SmazGNyD;awmh compile jyefvkyfyg/ tJ'DvdkjyefNyD; com-
pile vkyfvdkY Error r&Sdawmhbl;qdk&if atmufygtwkdif; Run
vkyfyg/
java dialog 3 ↵
tJ'Dh command udk toHk;jyKNyD;awmh Run vdkufw,f
qd&k ifawmh dialog3 vdYk trnfay;xm;wJh program code_file
&JU output [m command line windows <DOS> &JU
tv,fwnfhwnfhrSm [First argument jzpfwJh null argu-
ment aMumifh] vmNyD;awmh Output udk azmfjyay;wmygyJ/
tJ'D Output udk avhvmMunfhvkduf&if uRefawmfwdkY zefwD;
a&;om;vdu k w
f hJ ^ShowInputDialog ( ) method udk toH;k cs
xm;wJh Input Dialog Box udk awGYjrif&rSmygyJ/ uJ tJ'DyHkudk
Figure 3.14.1 taeeJY a&;om; azmfjyay;xm;ygw,f/ avh
vmMunfhyg/
Figure 3.14.1 Compile & Run of the dialog 3. java
[ShowInput Dialog Box]
uJ Figure 3.14.1 rSm a&;jyxm;wJh program output
xGufvmyHkudk avhvmNyD;&ifawmh Analysis vkyfxm;yHkeJY EIdif;
,SONf yD;awmh jyefveS af vhvmoifyh gw,f/ uJ'aD wmh qufvuf
NyD;awmh Index.3.2.8 taeeJY a&;om; azmfjyay;xm;wJh
Dialog ( ) method udk Icon oauFweJYwGJzufNyD;awmh OK_
BUTTON eJY CANCEL_BUTTON ESpfckudk toHk;cs a&;
om;xm;wmudk avhvmMunfhMuygpkdY/ 3.2.8 Another way
w,f/ qufvuf avhvmvkdufygOD;/

3.2.8 ANOTHER WAY OF SHOWINPUTDIALOG ( ) METHOD
ShowInput Dialog ( )method eJY ywfoufNyD;awmh
program wpfyk'fudk a&;jyNyD;ygNyD/ qufvufNyD;awmh tjcm;
enf;vrf;wpfckudk toHk;csNyD;awmh ShowInputDialog ( )
method udk toH;k csMunfMh u&atmifvm;/ 'Dawmh a&SUoifcef;
pmrSm &Si;f jycJw
h hJ ShowInputDialog ( ) taMumif;udk jyefawG;
Munfh&atmif/
String response = JOption Pane. ShowInputDialog
(null,
"What is your ZIP code?",
"Enter ZIP Code" ,
JOption Pane. QUESTION_MESSAGE);
'Dawmh tJ'DrSmygwJh arguments (4) ckae&mrSm rdrd xnfh
oGi;f vdwk hJ taMumif;t&m /String & Icon tp&Sw d mawGuykd g
xnfo h iG ;f zefw;D vdYk &ygw,f/ tJ'aD wmh Listing 3.11 taeeJY
a&;om;xm;wJh program udk avhvmMunfhMu&atmifvm;/
Listing 3.11 Another way of ShowInputDialog ( )
method
1. import javax. swing.*;
2. import java.awt.*;
3.
4. public class dialog4 extends JFrame {
5. public static void main (String args [ ] ) {
6. String response;
7. response = JOptionPane. ShowInputDialog
(null,
8. "What is your ZIP code?",
9. "Enter ZIP Code",
10. JOption Pane. QUESTION_ MESSAGE) ;
11. }
12. }
Analysis
1/ 'D sample program av;udk uRefawmfuawmh Another
way of ShowInputDialog ( ) method vdkY trnfay;
xm;ygw,f/ uJ vkid ;f eHygwf (1) eJY (2)uawmh SWING
& AWT Package file ESpfckudk import vkyf ac:,lvu kd f
ygw,f/ vkdif;eHygwf(3) uawmh Blank Line_Space
csefxm;ygw,f/ vkdif;eHygwf (4) rSmuawmh dialog 4
uGefysLwm*sme,f Zefe0g&Dv? 2007 ckESpf
uGeyf sLwmoifcef;pm
qdkwJh primary class ukd zefwD;ygw,f/ tJ'D primary
class udk zefwD;&mrSm JFrame Class udk extends vkyf
zefwD;xm;ygw,f/ NyD;awmh main ( ) function udk
a&;om;xm;ygw,f/ 'Dtajctaetxd qdk&if pmzwfol
[m tvG,fwul em;vnfoabmaygufrSmyg/ quf
vuf avhvmMunfhMu&atmif/ vkdif;eHygwf (6) rSmawmh
String data type udk toHk;jyKNyD;awmh response qdkNyD;
Variable_Name udk Declare vkyfygw,f/ tck toHk;
jyKr,fh response qdkwJhvariable &SdrSomvQif Equal vkyf
NyD;awmh JOption Pane Class xJu ShowInput
Dialog ( ) method udk ac:,lrSmrdkYvdkYygyJ/ 'Dtxd &Sif;NyD
aemf/
2/ vkid ;f eHygwf (7) rSmawmh tay:rSm uReaf wmf &Si;f jyay;cJw
h hJ
Sample code_line av;udk a&;om; azmfjyay;xm;yg
w,f/ 'Dawmh tus,cf sUJ r&Si;f jyawmhygbl;/ Code_Line
taeeJYyJ &Sif;jyyghr,f/
7. response = JOption Pane. ShowInput
Dialog (null,
8. "What is your ZIP Code?",
9. "Enter ZIP code",
10. "JOption Pane. QUESTION_MESSAGE);
pmzwfoltaeeJY owdjyK&rSmuawmh argument code_
line awGudk a&;om;&mrSm comma (,) sign cHNyD;awmh
a&;om;vdkY &ygw,f/ t"dutcsufuawmh Comma
(,) sign eJY Double quote " "ESpfckMum; jzpfzdkYygyJ/
'Dawmh vkdif;eHygwf (10)u a&;om;xm;wJh JOption
Pane QUESTION _MESSAGE aMumifh 'D ShowInput
Dialog ( ) Box rSm QUESTION oauFw Icon av;
yg0ifvmrSmyg/ NyD;awmh vkdif;eHygwf (9)u "Enter ZIP
code" qdw k hJ arguments_string [m InputDialog Box
&JUtay: Title Bar text tjzpf yg0ifvmrSmyg/ 'Dtxd
oabmaygufNyDaemf/ vkdif;eHygwf (8) u "What is
your ZIP code?" qdkwJh arguments_string uawmh
InputDialog Box &JUtwGif; Input TextBox ae&mrSm
yg0ifvmr,fh pmom;ygyJ/ arguments awG olYae&meJYol
tvkyv f yk wf maMumifh ay:vmwJh Dialog Box yHpk aH v;udk
&Sif;NyDaemf/ 1st arguments null aMumifh showInput
Dialog Box [m command line windows (DOS) &JU
221
uGeyf sLwmoifcef;pm
tv,fwnfhwnfhrSmvmNyD;awmh Output udk azmfjyay;
rSmyg/ uJ'gqkd&ifawmh code_line awGudk &Sif;NyDaemf/
vkdif;eHygwf (11) uawmh main ( ) function &JU close
brace } ygyJ/ vkdif;eHygwf (12) uawmh primary class
dialog 4 &JU close brace} ygyJ/
'Dawmh tJ'D sample_ program code_line udk Notepad
xJrSmoGm;NyD;awmh a&;om;vkdufygOD;/ tJ'Dvdk a&;om;NyD;awmh
system CLASSPATH's C:\j2sdk 1.4.1_01 \Bin xJrSm
oGm;a&mufNyD;awmh save vkyfyg/ File_Name ukdawmh dia-
log4 vdYk primary CLass_Name twki d ;f yJ trnfay;vku
d yf g/
tJ'Dvdk code_line awG a&;om;NyD;awmh save vkyfxm;yHkudk
Figure 3.15 taeeJY a&;om;azmfjyay;xm;ygw,f/ avhvm
Munfhyg/
Figure 3.15 Write the sample program code_line in
the Notepad
uJ Figure 3.15 rSma&;om;xm;wJhykH[m NotePad rSm
azmfjyay;xm;wJh program code_line awGygyJ/ Code_Line
awGudk a&;om;NyD;vkdY save vkyfNyD;&if
Start → Program →Accessories → command line
Interface < command- line windows- DOS> xJudk oGm;
yg/ DOS Windows yGifhvm&if
CD C:\j2sdk 1.4.1_01 \ Bin ↵ wJh program code-line udk trSDjyKNyD; xGufvmwJh Output
qdNk yD;rS Directory CLASSPATH's udak jymif;yg/ 'Dtcg
rSm prompt oauFw[m atmufygtwkdif; ajymif;vJoGm;
rSmyg/
222 uGefysLwm*sme,f Zefe0g&Dv? 2007 ckESpf
C:\ j2sdk 1.4.1_01\ Bin > ↵
uJ tJ'Dvdk prompt ay:aecsdefrSm atmufyg command
eJY compile vkyfyg/
Note : JAVA Language taMumif;udk uRefawmf cPcP
&Sif;jyzl;ygw,f/ C& C + + ukd tajccHNyD;rS uGmjcm;
csuf wlnDrIawGudk &Sif;jyzl;ygw,f/ C& C + +
Language rSmawmh Ctrl + F9 udk ESdyfNyD; Compile
(odkYr[kwf) Run tp&SdwJh Menu wpfckckudk ac:,l
vkduf&if Output .exe file txd xGufvmwmyg/
Compile NyD;awmh Run tp&SdwmawGudk tqifhqifh
ac:,lp&m rvdkygbl;/ VC + + <visual C + + >
Language rSmuawmh t&ifqHk; Build Menu u
compile command_menu udk awmif;&rSmyg/
Compile vkyfvkdY error r&Sdawmhbl;qdkrS
Build → Make.exe odkYr[kwf Make exe tp&SdwJh
command menu eJY output file ukd .exe taeeJY
wnfaqmuf &,l&wmyg/ C & C + + Language
rSmvdk output .exe file [m wef;xGufrvmygbl;/
JAVA Language uvnf;visual C + + qefqefyg
yJ/ tajccH code_line awGukd a&;om;NyD;awmhrS save
vkyNf yD;&if javac keyword udk toH;k jyKNyD;awmh com-
pile vkyf&rSmyg/ error uif;NyDqdkrS Run vkyfNyD;
Output ukd avhvm&wmaemf/
uJ program udk compile vkyf&atmifvm;/
javac dialog4.java ↵
tJ'Dvdk compile vkyfvkdufvkdY error &SdcJh&ifvnf; error
ukd &Sif;NyD;awmh Save As vkyfNyD;awmh compile jyefvkyfyg/
uJ error r&Sdawmhbl;qdk&if atmufyg command eJY Run
vkyfyg/
java dialog4 ↵
uJ tJ'Dvdk Run vdkuf&ifawmh uRefawmfwkdY a&;om;xm;
program av;jzpfwJh ShowInputDialog Box uav;udk
DOS Windows &JU tv,fwnfhwnfhrSm awGYjrif&rSmyg/
DOS Windows &JU tv,fwnfhwnfhrSm vmay:&jcif;&JU
taMumif;&if;uawmh pmzwfol code-line awGukd Analysis
 uGeyf sLwmoifcef;pm
vkyfNyD; avhvmwkef;u Show Input Dialog ( ) method rSm
yg0ifwJh arguments (4) ck &Sdygw,f/ tJ'D arguments (4) Windows XP tips
ckxJu 1st argument jzpfwJh null argument aMumifh jzpf
ygw,fqdkwJh tcsufudk owdjyKrdrSmyg/

Note: null argument taMumif;udk C & C + + e,fy,fu

vmwJh programmer awGuawmh em;vnf oabm
ayguf vG,frSmyg/ tu,fí vHk;0 r&Sif;vif;cJh&if
vnf; jyóemr&Syd gbl;/ a&SUoifcef;pmawGrmS oif,l
&r,fh oifcef;pmawGrSm yg0ifvmr,fh null sign
argument awG yg0ifvmrSmygyJ/ NyD;awmh Web ykdif;
qkdif&m JAVA Applet awGus&ifvnf; 'D null ar-
gument taMumif;[m yg0ifvmOD;rSmygyJ/ tckawmh
tvG,f oifcef;pmtaeeJYyJ avhvmxm;vkdufygOD;/
Figure 3.15.1 Compile & Run of the dialog4 . java
[showInputDialog Box]
yg0gcvkwfudk ajymif;vJjcif;
uGefysLwmudk wpfaeukef oHk;ae&olrsm;twGuf
acwåem;wJh tcsdefrsm;rSm zGifhvkduf ydwfvkdufvkyf&wm
wu,fawmh tcsdefukefNyD; tvkyf½Iyfygw,f/ NyD;&if
aqmhzf0JawG jyefzGifh&wm? zdkifawG jyefzGifh&wmvnf;
tvkyfydkwpfckvdk jzpfaewwfygw,f/ ¤if;twGuf
'Standby' rSm xm;Edkifygw,f/ Start > Settings uae
Control Panel odkY 0ifNyD; 'Performance and Mainte-
nance' udk zGifhyg/ tcsKdU 0if;'dk;pfpepftwGuf 'Perform-
ance and Maintenance' rvdkyg/ xdkYaemuf 'Power
Options' udk zGifhyg/ ¤if;wGif 'Advanced' (tab) odkY
ajymif;um atmufbufu 'When I press the power
button on my computer' ae&mwGif 'Standby' udk &SmNyD;
a&G;cs,f uvpf vkyfvdkufyg/ 'Standby' eJY ydwfxm;NyD;
uGefysLwmudk jyefzGifh&if vuf&dS tvkyfvkyfaewJh
aqmhzf0JeJY zdkifrsm;udk topfjyefzGifh&ef rvdkawmhyg/
'Start' udk pzGifh&mrSm yHkrSef 'Start menu' eJY 'Classic Start
menu' qdkNyD; pwdkifvf 2 rsKd; a&G;cs,fEdkifygw,f/ yHkrSef
'Classic Start menu' rSm Start > Control Panel odkY
wdkuf½dkuf0ifEdkifygw,f/

uJ Figure 3.15.1 rSm a&;om;azmfjyxm;wJh Figure u

awmh ShowInput Dialog Box tjzpf Output xGufvmyHkudk
azmfjyay;xm;wmygyJ/ uJ avhvmvkdufygOD;/
uJqufvufNyD;awmh standard Dialog Box tkyfpk0if
awGjzpfwJh Show Message Dialog Box taMumif;udk 3.2
taeeJY qufvuf a&;om; ykYd csay;xm;ygw,f/ qufvufNyD;
awmh avhvmoif,lvkdufygOD;/ aoaocsmcsm ydkYcsay;xm;yg
w,f/

KYAW ZAYAR LAY [ IT ENGINEERING ]

uGefysLwm*sme,f Zefe0g&Dv? 2007 ckESpf 223