Class ^9i2//

Presented by

H. H. BARTLETT COLLECTION /

ON tHE PHILIPPINES NOl f"^^

:>
 FILIPINO-ENGLISH

VOCABULARY
WITH PRAUriCAL KX-\MPLESOF FILIPINO AND
FNGI>I8H GRAMMAKS
BY

EUSEBIO T. DaLUZ,
Graduate Teacher by the **Escaela Normal Superior de Maes-
irosde Manila'/, Ex-Principal in .the Primary Public School? uii-der
the Anu-ncan Sovereignty, Instructor in several Private Colleges,
\Iember of the Association of the Tagalog Writers (SaMAHAN
'N.i MGA MAN ANAGALOG) and of the Uierary society 'ILAW
AT PANITIK". I{;x- President of the Committee for the Organization
of th- Academy of the bMipino Language, and actual Secretary of
this National Academy (aK^DKMYA NG WIKaNG PILIPINO) •

PART 1

Based on tlie Filipino Grain iiuir

FlKSr EDITION

MANILA, P. L
1915.
 COPYRIGHT

I.—"Ang akd^ng ito ay pag aaring tiinay ng kumathang si Wu

sebio T. Daluz.

If. — Walftng sinoman'g makapagpapalinibao: ng walang kapa

hintuliitan ng naturan'g kumathfi.

III.— Bawa't salin ay may tatak at tandftng lihim ng kumathA,

at ipaUlagay na nakaw na dapat pag-usigin ang rngasalin'g dt

nagtataglay ng nangasabing tatak at land&ng lihim.

IV.— Ang nagpalirnbag nitong Unang Bahagi ng Talatiniiigan

ay si G Juan Martinez, at siya ang may-ari nR unang pagkalimbag.

yz/y' ^ ^^
t1
^-
 CERTIFICATE OF APPROBATION
CBRTLPrCAMOS que apro
este Vocabulario Pilipino-Ingles fue
bado y adoptado oficialmente por la Academiade la Len^ua Filipiiia
en sesioh ordiaaria celebrada el dia7 de Marzo de 1915. Y paraque
coriste firniamos la presente en Manila, I. F., hoy veintidi s de Mayo
del a no del Senor de mil novecientos quince.

SOFRONIO G. CALDERON.
Presidente de la *'Akademya
ng Wik^ng Filipino".
Rkfricndado:
PVUL L. STANGL, B. S , M. Ph ,

Secretario inter i no y Vice-Secre-

tario de la ^Akademya ng
Wik^nji; Filipino",

KATIBAYAN NG PAGS^G-AYON
PlNATOrOTOHANAN NAMIN na ang Taldtingigan'g iton^-
Filipino- Ingleaay lubos na sinang-ayunan at itinadhanAng gamitin
ng Akademya ng Wik^ng Pilipino nang magdaos ng karaniwijin^g
pnlong noon^g ika 7 araw ng Marso ng 1915.
At upang mapatibay ang katotohanan ay linagdfian namin ang
kasulatan'g ltd sa Maynil^, K. Pilipinhan, ngay6n^g ika dalawang-
pAH dalawa ng Mayo ng taon ng (d^nanakop, isdng libo siyam na
gates at labinglima. t

SOFRONIO G. CALDERON
Pangulo ng Akademya ng
Wikjing Pilipino.

PiNf AGTITIBAV :

PAUL L. STANGL, B. S.. M. Ph.,

Kalihim SaIn^i^ntaIa at Pull-
Kalihim ng Akademya ng
Wik&ng Pilipino.
 PREFACE
rhis historic, constructional period, in which the national idea
H seen to acquire definite form; when national boundaries are tending
to become defined more and more along lines of ethnical cleavage and
trntities group on race aliuity; when the consciousness of a world
misr^ion becomes the logical fruit of widespread education, and e.ich
racial unit lends to arrange itself upon its n?itural base, to develop
more fully and take its proper place in the concert of world powers
to bear its share of the burden and the heat of the day in bringing to
a richer fruition the heritage of man; this is the time of creatir>g
new factors of linguistic development.
[n this epoch the natives of the Philippines, after being for over
three centuries shut off by a worse than Chinese wall of exclusion
of progrcs-*, tight bound by the swaddling clothes of religious and
secular {prejudice, whereDy growth was hindered, have at last been
freed of the trammels, and in less than two decades have taken enor-
mous strides forward on the path of national greatness
It is at such time^, when the trammels of dialects and other var-
iants of speech are most strongly mnde manifest, and prove the test
of true national fitness. A united Germany with its people speaking
(iiverse dialects w is only solved by making one of them the standard
and from the rest enriching it, making it the virile expression of
national consciousness.
The world has seen no strong nation adopt the language of
another people; still lass that of a rnce alien in thought, feeling,
speech and habit. Hence, however well meaning it may^ be to try
to implant the English speech in these Islands as a common medium,
it is so obviously a violation of all psychic and ethnic unities, that
(*an never, in the opinion of the writer, be a lasting sucjcess.
Hence a solution along those line-^ that centuries of experience
has proven to be the only logical, because natural one, that of a de-
veloped national lan«:nMj/e based on national stock audi material, en-
riched iind perfected, but akin to the native spirit of rich and poor
alike, is the only one thwt, in the end, will succeed. Whatever the
place of English, no doubt important in the economic development
of land and people, a national, mulasian language is bound to be the
pr(>[)er vehicle of a united Filipino people Hence a book fi ie the
present, which gives concrete form to this innate aspiration, and
wliatever its presec^t impe^feccions, which detinitelv sliapes the raw
mat(?rial along plausible, stable lines of development, is worth}' of
af)plHUse, study and support. It can, only be recomendtd to the
thoughtful stu<ly of friend and foe alike, in order that it may fulfill
its mission of aiding in the solution of that important question, the
future language of the Filipino people. May it meet with success,
and that each successive edition be a vast improvement on the pre-
ceding one, is the ear.iest wirih of
PAUL L. STANGL, B. S M Ph,
 INTRODUCTION
, This vocabularyintended mostly to meet the demands of
is
those who want common Filipino language, the aim
to establish a
and purpose of the **Ak.deniya ng Wik^ng Filipino (Academy of
'

the Filipino Language). It contains words used in everyday life

and is very practical. It is a mixture of the different Philippine
dialects with the Tagalog as basis. Most of the words, of course,
are Tagalog, but a large number also are taken from the Bisayan,
ilokano, BiKol, Pampangan and other native dialects, all of which
are Tagnlized. Most of the technical terms have been taken direct-
ly from their primitive sources, Greek and Latin, the Filipinization
of which and that of their derivatives have been made complete
through the natural linguistic mechanism of Tagalog and Bisayan.
The work consists of two parts <

Part 1, which is the present book, is an attempt to i^resent the

essentials of Filipino Gran mar in such a form that without stating
any grammatical definitions and rules it is practically a combina
tion of vocabulary and grammar based upon the Tagalog language.
—
As to this, all the p. nicies suffixes, prefixes and interfixes «re —
applied; and combined with the roots form a great number of noun-?
—abstract, collective and verbal — , various classes of adjectives, fre-^
quenmtives, verbs conjugated in the active and passive voices. Afier
the alphabetical list of root-/erbs with their respective infinitive
forms follow the adverbs, prepositions, conjunctions and interjec-
tioas. In this work the copiousness and great impor ance of Lakan-
Dulas tOhgue have been demonstrated in order that it may be the
foundation of a national speech rich and vigorous.
Part II also forms a separate book and is based on the English
Grammar. It (*oniains a great deal of examples and excercises in
which the grammatical rules of this language are practic^*lly involved.
Both parts together arc dedicated to the students of the Filipino
and English languages, and I firmly believe that in the making of
this vocabulary, which was compiled during five years of philolo:;:ical
studies of English at d the cultivated Philippine tongues, I have
contributed somewhat to the national culture of my beloved native
country.
I desire to express my indebtedness to the ilustrious director of

*'Ateneo Rizal^', the wise philologer and Filipinist Dr. Paul L.

Stanifl, B. S M. Ph for his valuable aid in the compilation of
, ,

this book and for itnportant suggestions upon the suitable way of
enriching th^ Filipino lexicon by adopting and Filipinizing the uni-
ver-^al sciemific words takf^n from Greek.
Likewise I express my cordial gratitude to the Academy of the
FiUpino Language, wh ch has officially approved and adopted this
brief v« cabiilary as the first work of its kind sanctioned by the
authorily of tKat National Linguistic Association.
THE AUTHOR.
r^
A BRIEF VOCABUIiARY
FILIPINO-ENGLISH
(?kl;iiklin.t>; TalaliiiA"i,U'nrii' Pilipiiio-Ingles.)

FIRST PART.— UNANG BAHAQI.

I.

MQif bahfH/i ng Purts of the ha- Bisig. Arm.

hiKKcdn v(/ man body. Mga bisig. Arms.
tdO.
Bituka. Gut, tripe, in-
•

testine.
Apdo. Gall. Biyas ng bintl, Shinbone, arm.
A lay. Liver. biyas ng bisig. bone.
Baba. Cbin. Bitis, binti. Leg.
Haga. Lung. Bubdng ng paa. Tarsus.
Balat. Skin. Bukong-bukong Ankle.
Balintataw. Kye-ball. Butit, kalam- Calf of the leg.
Batok. Nape, cervix. nanng binti.
Balikat. Shoulder. Buko ng daliri. Joint or knuckle
Balakang. Hip. of the fingers.
Mgabalakang. Hips. Bungo. Skull, cranium.
Balagat. Clavicle, the Bumbunan. Top of the head.
collar-bone. Buhok, balahibo .Hair.
Baywang. Waist. Buto. Bone.
Bagang. Grinder, molar Katawan. Body [of a man
tooth. or animal.]
Mjra bagang. Molars, or back Kalingkingan. Little finger.
teeth. Kamao, galang- Wrist
Bibig. Mouth. galangan.
 —2—
Kaniay. Ifand. mulan.
Mga kanuiy. Hands. r^iig. Neck
Kilay. Eye-brow. Likod. Hack.
Kilildli. Arinpit. Lit id. Tendon.
Kisko. Nail. liulod. Shin, shinbone.
Daliri. Finger. Mata. Eye.
Mga daliri. Fingers. Mganiata. Eyes.
Daliri ng-dato. Middle-finger. Muskulo. Muscle.
Dal ring-sing-
i Ring-finger. Mukha. Face.
si ngan. Noo. Fore-head.
Daliri ng pa a. Toe. Paa. Foot.
Mga daliri riji Toes. Mga paa. Feet.
paa. Palad !ig kamay Palm
. of the
Dila. Tongne. hand.
Dihdih, Breast, chest. 'Pantog. Bladder.
Dngo. Blood. Pilikmata. Eye-lash.
Gilagid. Gum. Pilipisan. Temple.
Gulugod. Spine, ))aclc-' Pisngi. Cheek.
bone. Pitlungan, alak- - Ham.
Gulunggulu- G^lsophagns, la- alakan.
ngan. rynx, gullet. Pigi. Buttock; hip.
Gutil, tilavv. Glottis, gorge. Puson, udyong. Abdomen.
Ngalangala, Palate. Puso. Heart.
Ngipiu. Tooth. Puwit, buldit. Backside.
Mga ngipin. Teeth. Pusod. Navel.
Hinlalaki. Thumb. Sakong. Heel.
Hintuturo. F(rre-finger, in- Sikmura. Stomach.
dex-finger. Singit. Groin.
mtk. Thigh. Bihang, pan^a. Jaw-bone, man-
Il(5ng. •Nose. dible.
Labi. Lip. Siko. Elbow.
Mga la hi. Lips. Snso. Teat.
Laman. Flesh. Talampakan, Sole of the foot.
Lam ad. Membrane. Takday. Fore-arm.
La was. Body [of man, Tadyang. Pvib.
animal, or of Mga tadyang. Ribs.
anything. | Tag] li ran. Side.
Lalamunan, ak- Throat. TainRa. Ear.
 . . . . .

-8—
Mga t'iinga. Ears. Katalubataan. Youth.
Tiyim. B<'lly, abdoDien; Kilit. Pore.
womb. Mga kilit. Pores.
Tuhod. Kneo. Dalaga, Young lady; vir-

Mga tuliod. Knees. gin.

IIlo. Head. Diwa. Spirit.

Ugat. Vein. Duna. Being.

I

Utak (sabuto.) Marrow. Dunang tao. Human being.

I

I Utak [sa ulo. | Brain. Gumi, balbas. Beard.

Inunan. Placenta
Iskeleto, kalan- Skeleton.
.say.
I.agyd. Person.
Mga ihdfiff ha- OtJier thhigs be-
Lalaki. Man.
gay na ukol longing to
Mga lalaki. Men.
sa tao, man. Matanda, lakay, Old man, old
/*
person.
A rang.
-

Individual.
Misay, bigote. Mustache,
Babai Woman. Pangalan, nga- Name.
Mga babai. Women. lan.
Bata. Boy, girl. Pitilya. Whisker.
Bating lalaki, Boy. Sanggol Baby.
bira. Mga sanggol. Babies.
Batang babai, Girl. Sinapupunan. Lap.
ining. Tao. Man, .person.
Bata, sanggol. Child. Takibata, ka Young.
Mga bata, mga Chihh-en. sibulan.
sanggol Ulila, Orphan.
Bahay-batt\. Matrix, womb. Ulay, birgen. Virgin.
Bato. Kidney. Utad, litid, Nerve.
Bagongtao, bi- Young man. Walang asawa. Single, bachelor,
nat&.. unmarried.
Binabai. Hermaphrodite. Walang ban a. Singk, maid,
Buy on, bah ay- Paimch. unmarried.
kanin.
Kabinataan, ka- Young men, Asawa. Wife.
bagongtaulian youth. , Bana. Husband.
Kadalagahan. Young ladies. Mga asawa. Wives.
Kiilulwa. Soul. May asawa. Married (man)
 — 1-

May bana. Married (wonmn) Badya. Verb.

Babaing balo. Widow. Biihirili, gara- (J ram mar.
Lalaking balo. Widower. mahan.
Balarilaaniii, Gr^jnimanarK
manggaga-
III. rama, gara-
nianhiu.
Mga bagai/'ba- School thing.:i, efr.

gay sa iskii-
liantas. Comma,
welahdn
'
Hilang. Number.
,

Buklatin, ak- Copy-book,

ath.
lat-saliiian.

Akda, gawa. Work. Kuwadro, mar- Picture-frame,

Aklat. Book. ko.
Alisong, Preposition Kaha, kahon, Box, chest,
Alagad, ina- Pupil, disciple. kaban.
aralan, ti- Kuwarto, silid. Room.
nuturuan. Kaalaman, Knowledge.
Ariso. InterjeGtion. alam.
Arithmisan. Arithmetic. Kapanutuhan Education
,

Arithmisnin. Arithmetician. pinagkatutu-

Arithmison. Arithmetical. han, katutu-
Antas. Grade; degree. han.
AgrikuUor. Agriculturist. Kolegiyo. College.
Agrikulturan, Agriculture, Kasanlingan. Morality.
pagsasaka. farmi ng Klase. Class.
Bangko. Bench. . Kasalaysayan. Explanation.
Banhay. Rough drawing. Katha. Composition.
Bayhon. Page. Klasetig maba- Junior class.
Banigngpapel, Sheet of paper. ba.
banig napapel. Klaseng mataas. Senior class.
Band»!^, wata- Flag. KudHt. Virgidilla (Sp,)
wat. Kuwit. Apostrophe (0«
Balanan. Basket. Karummgan, Science.
Bakol. A square basket. dunong.
h Bilao. A round basket. Kasiningan, si- Arts, art.
Buslo. A small egg-bas- ning.
ket. Kintang. Music.
Bigkas. Pronunciation Katinig. Consonan t
 . . . . . . . . . .;

Day las. Article. ligsahan.

Diaipliiia. Discipline. Logikahan. Logic.
Dibuho. Drawing. Liham. Letter.
Dalawang tul- Colon ( :). Logikanhin, Logician; logical-
dok. Lampibadya, Adverb. '

(ieometra. Geometer, geo- Lista, listahan. List,

metrician. Malak. Idea.
(recJm^trahan. Geometry. Mathesisan. Mathematics.
Gambi, Quotation C' '').
Mathesisnin. Mathematician.
Guhit. Stroke, dash, line. Matheaison. Mathematical.
Gamlang I nd ustry Nama. Noun.
GecSgrapo Geographe r Oras. Hour.
Geograpuhan. Geography. Orasan, relos. Clock; watch.
Guro, tagapag- Master; teacher. Paimlat. Pen.
turo. F^anitikan. Literature.
Hatak, pagha- Physical exercise. Panagano. Clause.
hatak Pangung^usap. Sentence.
Hipno. Translation. ^
Subject, topic;
Halipnama l^rououn Payaui written exer.
Historya. History. cise.
Istituto, Institute. Panuto. Rule, ruler.
Istitusyon. Institution. Pupitre, hapag. Desk.
Isip, pag-iisip. Thought, mind. Pisara. Slate.
Lapis. Pencil. Pisarang-dalig, Blackboard,
Lamesa, mesa, Table. pisarang ma-
dulang. lakf.

Latok. A low table. Papel Paper

Larawan, ku- Picture. Palatuntunan. Program.
wadro. ^ Paaralan, isku- SchooL
w^elahan
Lisyon. Lesson.
Pakikipagk^pwa Urbanity;
Limbit, walang Blank.
politeness.
sulat.
Pag-aaral. Study, studying.
Latib. Hyphen (..,.).
Pagsasaysay . Recitation
Langilangi, Parenthesis ,....).
Pag-aanduk&, Education,
bangkulong. pagtuturd.
Lakmay Paragraph Pagtuturd. Instruction
Lubit, diin* Accent. teaching.
T^abanan, pa- Contest. Pangarunangan, University.
 . )

-G-

Pr^gbasa. Reading. Punto n.i>gilalas. Point of excla-

Pagbasaiig la- CiirrcMit reading. mation ( ! ).

lusan Paghuhuway, Re(*ess.

Pagsiilat. Writing. huway,

Pagsasanay. Exercise. Rhetoranan. Rhetori<^
Pagbabaybay, Spelling. Rhetoranin. Rhetorician.
bay bay in. Rhetoranon. Rhetorical.
Pilosopc), pbilo- Philosopher. Sunding. Stick.
sopo. Sagot. Answer.
Pilosopohan, Philosophy. Sal in,, nlid, t;opy.
philosopohAn. Sal ay say. Statement.
Pilosophanin, Salitii. Word.
philoBopha- Philosophic, phi- Sao. Dialect,
nin, philo- losophieal. Sulti. \ Term.
sophanon. SiClitaan. Conversation.
Paglilimi. Discussion. Salapong. Conjunction.
Pagtatalo. Debate. Sugno. Adjective.
Pakpa. Object. Tinta, dinsol. Ink.
Paaralan'g pa- Primary School. Tintahan, din- Inkstand.
nguna. sulan.
Paaralan'g pa- Secondary School. Tisa. Chalk.
ngalawa. Tabla, dalig. Board.

Paaralan'g pa- Intermediate Tiklat. Small stick.

magitnii. School. Tanong. Question, inter-

rogation.
Paaral&n'g ma- High School.
Turing, pagtu- Expression.
taas.
turing.
Paaralan'g ba- Public School.
Talaan. Register.
yan.
Tatangnan. Handle.
Paaralan'g bu- Private School. Tagdan. Penholder.
kod. J
Talakay. Phrase.
Pangtinig. Vowel. Talata. Line; versicle.
Pan tig- Syllable. Taludtod. Ge^ometrical line*
Parayon. Prose. Tuldok. Period (.).
Panilos. Penknife. Tuldok at })an- Semicolon (;
Punto. Point. tas.
Punto ng ta- Point of interro- Tikmo. Subject, matter.
nong, gation (?). Tildik. Dot (.).
Titik. Letter. Buwal, tilling- Clod.
Talumpatl, pa- Speech. kal.
nanalita. Bakas ngyapak. Fo^)tst,ep, tr^ack.
Tayiitay, tula. Verse. Bulalakaw. Kindled exhala-
Tula, panunuhi Poetry. tion in sky.
Tingig, salitA, Term, word, dic- Buwis ng hipa. Land tax.
amano. tiou. Bola, Ball.
Tiriig. Voice. Bigkis. Fagot.
Tagsa. Stanza. Butas. Hole.
Upftau, uupaii. Seat. Binditahan. Holy- water pot.
Wika. Language. Biuik, litak. Crack, crevice,
TalaamanAiin. Dictionary. chink.
Talatingigari. Vocabulary. Bukal n;4 tubig. Spring.
Barongbarong, Hut, cottage.
dampa.
IV. Bantayan. Watch-tower.
Buhangin. Sand.
Mga ibdvg 6a- Other th'mgs thai
Baybay-dagat. Sea-shore, sea-
gay na karani- are common in
coast.
wan sa pa g "1111- speakivg or con-
Bilangguan. Prison.
sap og sdlitaan. versation.
Bangkay. Corpse.
Amag. Moss, mould. Bukid, bukiran Field, farm.
.

Asoge. Quicksilver. Bakuran. Pale.

Apog. Ijime. Biyas ng kawa- Part of a cane
Anipunan. Asylum. yan. from knot to
Agtas. Path, route. knot; joint.
Akdas. Practice. Kalawang. Riist.
Agham Theory. Kiling (ng ha- Mane.
BftkuL Iron. yop)
Bakod. Fence. Kunot, kubot. Plait.
Bal()n. Well. Katalahiban. Land overgrown
Buko. Node. . with high wild
Buhol. Knot. grass; land
Balahibo ng WooL full of reed-
tupa. grass.
Batong-tagisan Whetstone; Kotse ng tram- Tram-car.
Batobalani. fjoadstone. biya.
Bulo. Down, soft hair. Kabaong. Coffin.
 . . . . . .

— s-

Kalahati. Half. MiUil, Metal.

Wir<^ Niyugan. Cocoanut grove.
Kawad
-r-v * < T < ijt'fiT% J Nasasakupan. ^
Jurisdiction.
Doongan, dau- |Port.
Panarato, pa- Principal,
ngan. n|uluhin.
Dakot. Handful. Pastulan, sab- Lawn; field;
Dalundong. Tent, saban. meadow.
Daan. Road, street. Parang. Meadow.
Railroad, Parangpara- LaAvn.
Daan'g-bakal.
High-road. ngan.
Dalan
Pagkakakur<)s Cross-way, cro.^-
Dalaiig. Rare; rarity.
ng d.aan. road
Garing. Ivory.
Patalim. Steel.
Gintd, Gold.
Pilak. Silver,
Gatla. Hack.
Pamuti, pala- Decoration, or-
Hardin, hala- (iarden.
muti, ga3aK nament,
manan. adorning.
Himpilan. Detachment; Pinagkikilan. Filing, limature.
station
Putikan. Muddy place.
HimulmoL Filament, or
Panarok. Sounding.
.thread of cloth.
Panungkit. Hook,
Hapunan ng Stable, stalls for
Paglihis, pag- Deviation.
hay op. animals. sinsay.
Hukay ng libi- Grave. Panggatong. Firewood.
ngan. Parang; lara- Country; field.
Ilalim; ibabd. Bottom. ngan
Ibabaw; itaas. Top. Puwang. Space.
Latak. Scum, lee. Pangwisik. Water-sprinkler.
Liwasan. Plaza ^ square. Pilapil. Bank or mound
Landigan. Wharf. of earth

Libag, tibatib. Grime, dirth, Patak, tulo. Drop.

tilth. Padaluyan, Channel, ditch.

Lungg&,yungig. Cave, prot. bangbang.

Lamuymoy, hi - Fiber, filament. Pangpang. Bank of a river.
vinaymay. Riles. Rail,
La'bang&n, Crib, manger. Sanyawa, asu- Sulphur,
Lansangan. Street, road. pre.
Lagwerta. Orchard, fruit- Sapot. Shroud.
garden. Supot. Bag, sack, wal-
Midalya. Medal. let.

Mina. Mine. Sapal. (>)arse remains.

 -{)—

a. R()nlir(\. Anggan. Bar.

S ingay. Horn, Alon, daluyong. W|ave.
apin, panapfn, Lining. ,
Agos, mgaago.^. Current, cur-
sus()n. rents.
^ilo. Trap, snare. AlipnjH). Fluid.
il\'a [sa i)ag- Saddle, Alapaap. Cloud.
sakay. Ambon. Drizzle. .

|Subyang, tinfk. Prickle. Apoy. Fire.

Tambak, lahon. Terra<*e. Arsemil. Arsenal.
Tali papa, ti- Market. Balangaw. Rainbow.
yangui. Ban hi wag. Temperate.
Tawas. Ahini. BuhaAvi. Hurricane.
Tingga. Lead. Bagyo. Typhoon.
Tan so. ('opper. Bnsilak. Snow,
Tinggapnti. , Tin. Barometro. Barometer.
Tat a g ruin. Hiding-place, Batis. Fountain.
concealment. Bukal, balong. Spring
Tahol, Barking. Bat(). Stone, rock.
Tinik. Thorn. Baton g tunaw. Melted rock.
Taeng-bakal. Dross, slags. Bangkutti. Reef.
TuUy. Bridge. Bundok. Mountain.
Trainbiya, ka- Car, el(M*tric car Burol, tugatog. Hill.
rong dagital) Balkan Volcano.
nin.
Bay bay, dalam- Coast, shore.
Tranibiya. Tramway. pasigan.
Tren. Train. Bahaging ti- Solid part.
Illbo. Hog-sty. gambay.
Urang» tnlos. Stake. Bahaging da- Liquid part.
IJling. (Vml. nom.
Uling ngkahoy . CharcoaL Bantilan. Shipyard.
Yelo. Ice; frost. Kalawakan'g- Continent.
dalat.

V. Kapukuin, Islands, archi-

I

sangkapuluan
,

pelago.
iMga ><(ftifAi .sa Physicdl (Uogra-
Kaparangan. MeadoAv.
(re6gr<rpuh(in^g phy terms,
Kanal, taguling . Canal.
phlsisani/i.
Kati ang tubig. Low- water.
AlanS;wag, si- Vapor, Klima. Climate.
ngaw. Kidlat. Lightning.
 -10—
Kulog. Thunder. Hang, Desert; wilder-
Kahalumigmi- Humidity, / ness.
gan, dimik. moisture. Ipoipo, uliuli. Whirl, whirl-
Kahignawan, Serenity. wind.
linaw, aliwa - Hat. Rill.

las. Hog. River, stream.

Kaugalian^g Middling wind. Lup.\, Pangli- Earth,
yunto. butan.
Karagatan. Ocean. Lawak, lagay- Extension.
Kahuj^an. Grove. lay.
Kapatagan. Plain. Lambak, libis Valley.
Dagat. Sea. Liigdalat. Isthmus.
Dalisdis. Slope, declivity. Li bis. Glen.
Dalampasigan. Beach, strand. Laki ang tubig . High-water,
Dalat, dalatan > Land. Look. Bay.
lupain. Lungos. Greek.
Dagatan. Gulf. ^
Lati. Swamp.
Danaw, lawlt. Lnke. Lindol. Earthquake.
Delta. Delta. Lika? na along - Natural evapo-
Di-organuhon, Inorganical. w^ag, tam- ration.
Dagitab. Electricity. poog.
Daginding ng Thunder-clap. Li way way. DaAvn.
kulog. Lintik. Thunder-bolt.
Gabon, lupk. Ground. Lusungin. Down-hill.
Globe. Globe. Mina. Mine.
Gulod. Mountain-chain. Minahan. Mineral deposit.
Gubat. Forest. Malapulo. Peninsula.
Gasis. Gas. Matabdnglup^. Fertile soil.
Grado, antas. Degree. Mineral. Mineral.
Hamog. Dew. MC\'i njityoro. Meteors.
Hangin. Air. Main it. Hot, warm.
Hidrogeno. Hydrogen. M/ia munson. Monsoons.
Hitiipapawid. Cloud of the sky. Mala mi g. Cool.
Hul6. Source. Mayuming Soft wind.
Impapayaw. Atmosphere. yunto.
Init. Heat. Mahikas na Strong wind.
Hog na pasukan. Inlet. yunto.
Hog nalabasan. Outlet. Maraganas na Impetuous wind
 -11—
yiinto;mara- Temperatnra. Temperature.
-| ganas na sig- Tubig na ta- Fresh water.
I
po; mabug- bling.
-| song hanyin. Tubig na alat. Salt water.
|Nitrogeno. Nitrogen. Taog, paglakrt Tide, surf.
lOasis. Oasis {pL oases)» pagkati.
lOksigeno. Oxigen. Taog )ia palald,
fOrgano. Organ. tubig na pa- Flood- tide.
jOrganuhon. Organical. laki.
fPatag. Level. Taog na pakati, Ebb-tide.
Pul6. Island. tubig na pa-
Puiitod. Sand -bank. kati.
Pagkilos, pag- Movement. Talon ng tubig. Cascade, water-
galaw. fall.

iPaagusan, paa- Channel, drain. Termometro. Thermometer.

nuran. Taluk tok, ta- Summit, -peak,
Paraluman. Sea-compas3. gaytay. top.
[briijula] Tugos. Electrical cur-
fPenomeno, phe- Phenomenon. rent.
nomeno. Usok, Smoke, steam
|Mga pheno- Phenomenm, vapor.
ineno. Ulap. Fog.
iSalitre,. Saltpetre. Ulan. Rain.
ISulip. Soil. Ulan ng bubog. Hail.
Salog, lungaw, Pond, marsh, WawSt. Mouth of the
sanaw. pool, fen.
river.
iSalungaliin, Up-hill.
Yunto, sigpo. Wind.
Sap2i. Salt marsh.
Siiguran, sad- Harbor.
saran,
iSaluysoy. Brook.
VL
Simoy. Breeze. Mga salita sa Astronomical
Sigwa. Storm. Gedgrapuhdn'g Geography terms,
|Tubig, Water. astronomhanin .

JTaiigwa, Cape.
Adlaw. Sun.
fTangway, ta- Point. )._

Araw. ^^y- '

ngos. ,

I
Araw, Senang ySilh, Phoebus (tw
|Tagudtod ng Ridge of moun-
{sa panunvla) poetry)
mga buudok. tains. . .
 -12-

Annlian. East. Kabilugan ng Full Uioon.

Araw at gahi. Day and night. bulan.
Agwat. Distance. Diyametro. Dianiet(^r.
Arawastronom Astronomical Disko. Disk.
hanin. day. Epakta. Epact.
Araw lupgsnra- Civil day, Ekinoksiyo. Equinox.
nin. Eklipsisan. Ecliptic.
Araw na ham bo, Natural day Ekwador. Equator.
araw na lika.^.
lialagan Space.
Apogeo. Apogee.
Hilihid, hilihi- Sphere.
Arko [ng bag- Arc.
ran.
way.l
Ha ti hilihid og Hemisplh're.
Alirong. ('ircumfcrence.
hatihilihirun.
Banawen. Era.
Hating-gabi. ^'idnight.
Bagw.iiy. Circle.
Bulan. Moon. Habagat. West.
Hilag^ og hi- North.
Buwan. Month.
lagaan.
Buwan, banilong Moon
Hilagang-silu- Northeast.
[sa panimitla | . [in j^ocfry] I

iigan
Barikod, sum- Comet.
bol. Ilapon. Afternoon, eve'
Balaklaot, og ning.
hilagiing- Northwest.
Hupiter. Jupiter. \

kanhiran. pag- 1
Ikapat sa
Benns. Venus.
laki, pala- C'rescent moon. I

Bolumen. Volume. king bulan.

Balabalaki ng Different pliascH
Ikapat sa pag-
any 6 ng bu- of the moon. liit, paliit na Decrease of tlief
lan.
bulan. moon, decres
Bagong bulan. New moon. cent moon.
Buntala. Planet.
-
Lupa. Earth.
Kaki-lan^it. Horizon.
Langit. Sky, heaven.
Kalunurun og Occident, west.
Laho, pagla- Eclipse.
kanluran.
laho.
Kinsi ng Lupk. The Axis of the |I

Earth. Lahong ganap. Total (^clipse. Ij

Kalendahan . Kalendar. Lahong pang- Partial eclipse, fc

Karaniwan'g Civil year, com- kat. I

ta(5n. mon year. Liwanag. Light, clearness.!!^

 .

— 1;>

tavviinag ng Sun-sliine, sangsinukob, The world,

\
adlaw. sangsinukuban.
fiivvanag ng Moon sliino. Satelite. Satellite.
biilan. Surgang-langit. Firmament.
Vljirte. Mars. Sanghilihid, The whole sphere.
Merciuy.
Vlerkuryo. sanghilihiran.
Maduling-araw Dawn. Silangan, sila- Ori(*nt, east.
IVIaghapon. All the day. nganan.
Magdaniag. All the night. Saba las, og hi- Northeast.
Misik, og titr Soutli-east. lag[\ng-sila-
niog-silangaii ng'an.
Miridyaiio. Meridian. Salatan og ti-
, Southwest
Musi in, mga Season, seasons. mog-kanluran.
musim. Silim, takipsi- Evening.
Miiiuto. Arinnte. lim.
prbitti, og ang Orbit, or the Sona,.mgasona. Zone, zones.
I
daan ng isang path of a pla- Sonang niainit. Torrid zone, hot
t)Uiitala/ net. zone.
Oras. Hour. Sonang mala- Frigid zone, eold
Pagpihit ng Turning of the mig. zone.
Lupil. E a rill. Sonang l)an- Temperate zone.
Pagkilossa pag- Movement of In wag.
pihit. rotation. Segundo. Second.
Pagkilos sa pag- Movement of Saturno. Saturn.
translation. . Siklo. Cycle.
Perigeo. Perigeum, peri- Sinag ng adlaw. The sun's rays;
gee. sunbeam.
Pagsikat ng Sun-rise. Soltisyo. Solstice.
1 adlaw. Signo ng sod- Sign of the
i

[Pagliib()g ng Sunset. yako. zodiac.

I
adlaw. Takna. -Period, space of
fPolo, mga polo. Pole, the p des. time.
JRadyo. Radius. Taon. Year.
Panahon. Time; weather. Tuwig. Epoch or epocha
Petsa. Date. Tag-ulan. Wet season.
angdaii>dig, Universe. Tag-adlaw^ Dry season.
sangdaigdigan. Tag la wag. Spring.
ISanglibutan, Tagbisi. Summer,
 . . : .. .

14—
Tng-ulan. Autumn. Agosto (81 a- August.
Tiig-ginaw. Winter, *
raw).
THludtod, Line. Septiyembre (30 September.
Taon'g lungsu- Civil year, aruw). •

ranin. Oktubre (31 October.

Taon'g bisyesto. Leap-year. araw)
Tropiko. Tropic. Nobyembre (80 November.
Tnnghali. Noon. araw).
Timog og timu- South. Disyembre (31 December.
gan. araw)
Ta\h: lahat ng Heavenly body
lawas na ma- luminous body
luningning sa of the heavens, VII.
langit, gaya such as the sun,
Mga salitang Political and re-
ng adlaw, bu- moon and stars.
iikol sa panel' ligious terms j etc.
lan at mgabi-
lungsuran at pa-
tuin.
lasambahaUy atb.

Umaga. Morning. Asya. Asia.

Sanglinggo, se- Week, Aprika. Africa.
mana (7 araw). Amerikd. America.
Linggo. Sunday. Asyanhin. Asian, Asiatic.
Lunes. Monday. Aprikano, apri- African.
Martes. Tuesday. kanhin.
Miyerkoles. Wednesday, Ameri kano, American
Huwebes. Thursday. amerikanhin.
Biyernes. Friday. Arabya, Ara- Arabia.
Sabado. Saturday. binhan.
Arabe, arab- Arabian, Arabic,
Enero (31 araw). January, yanh'n.
Pebrero (28 og February. Alemunya, Ale- Germany.
29 na araw) manan.
Marso (31 araw^. March, Aleman, ale- German.
Abril (30 araw). April. manyanhin.
Mayo (31 araw). May. Aristokrata, Aristocrat.
Hunyo (30 a- June. mahadliki.
raw) Aristokratahan. Aristocracy.
Ilulyo (31 araw) . July. Aristokratan- Aristocratical,
 —15—
1
hm, aristo- aristocratic. .Katipun?3n. Association.
1 kratahon. Kapisanan. Society, corp
1 AliYiirante. Admiral. ration.
1 Arsobispo. Archbishop. Kaulnungan. Society.
1
Angel, Angel. Kagimungan. Congregation.
1 Agtunil. Chief. KaLiguman. Solidarity.
I
Aiiarkahan. Anarchy. Kalamaan. Community.
j
BathaU, Diyos. God. Kalipunan. Confederation,
1
Bansa. Nation. Kadam Senate.
1
Bnyan. People. Kadamnin. Senator.
1 Bayan. Public. Komisyon. Commission.
Banwa. Country. Komisyunanin Commissioner,
,

Balen. Municipality. komisyunon.

BnliDon. Municipal. Kauawad, gala - Member.
LBansannin, ban- National. wad.
snon, pana- Konseho, sang- Council.
\
bansa. 'gunian.
1 Bayanon. Popular. Kasang^uni, Councilor.
Banwahnnin og Countryman. konsehunhin,
1
banwanhin. konsehunon.
Bihnsa, linur.g- • Civilized. Kalagayan'g Ecclesiastical
sndnin. pari. state.
Balawis. Barbarian. Kalagayan'g iNoble state.
Bangyan, ta- Savage, ' wild mahadlikd.
ong-gubat, ta- people. Kalagayah'g ti- Plebeian state.
ong-damo. maw^,
Banyaga, dayo, Foreigner, stran- Klaseng mag- Productive class
dayuMn. ger; exotic, aani, iiring
foreign. manggagama.
BisayJi. Bisayan. Klaseng mang- Industrial class
Balaod. Proclamation. gagamlang.
Batas. Law. Klaseng manga- Commercial
Batasan. Legislature. ngalakal, class.
Ang kariinn- The science of uringmangba-
ngan pa pa- government. baligyd-
mahaUan. Klaseng magpa- Laboring class.

Kaharidn. Kingdom. paupa, uring

Kapulungan. Assembly. manggagaw^.
 -16—
Klaseng nan<Ja- Emplcnoes. Kakandidatu- Candichxtesliip,
ngatungkii- lian; pagka-

]an, inga ka- kaiididato;

kandidatuhan.
wani.
Kandidata, Female candi
Kapaiigyarihan. P()W(M\
kandidabinu date.
Kapangyarihari'g Legislativ(*
Kagawad. Functionary.
tagapagbatas. jxMver.
Kristiyano, Christian.
Kapangyarihan'g Judicial ])<)\ver
kristohaiiin.
hukumaii.
Kakristiyanu-
Kapaiigyarihan 'g Ex(H*uti\c
han, kakris- Christianity,
tagaganap. power.
tonhinan,
Kabatasan, pag- Legislation.
Katholanin. Catholic.
babatas.
Kakathohiinan, Catholicity,
Kapital. Cnpitaj.
pagkakatliola-
Kapitan, kapi- Captain.
nin.
tail.
Kasiila (hila- Spaniard.
Kali him. Secretary.
king kastila.)
Kawani. Clerk.
Kastila, ispano, Spanish.
Kataastaasan'g SujirenK^ Ct)urt.
ispanyanhin.
Hukuinaii,
Kakastilaan, The Spanish, naj
Kalay&an, Liberty, free-
dom. kaispanuhan. tion, the Spal
Kalangharad- Sovereignty, or nisJi ])eople. \

yaan, og ka- 6uprem<^ au- Kapilijiinuhan. The Filipino nJij

taastaasan'g ka- thorily. tion, the Fij

pangyarihan. lipino i)eople|

Kasarinl in, Iiidependenc<^ Katiigalugaii. The Tagalog |

pagsasarilf. independency, people.

I
Kapnlungan'g Kainsikan, The Chinese na
Bayan, og Popular Assem- tion.
Dalam Baya- bly. Kamalayuhan. The Malay
non. people.
Kapidi*ngan()n, Kaindiyuhan^. The Indians, |

og galawad- Assemblyman. N I
Hindoos, orl
kapulungan. natives of In|
Kinatawiin, ta- Delegate, re- dia. I

gap mayo, ta- presentative. Kawal. Militar, miUtary|

gapanindigan. Kataustaasan'g Supreme Chief. |

Kandidato. Candidate. Puno.

 . . . . . .. .

—17-
Kabo.' Corporal. Diyakono. Deacon
Komandante, Commander. Diyakonisa. Deaconess.
komand/inhin. Demokrata. Democrat
Koron^L Colonel. Demokratahan. Democracy.
Klero, Clergy. Demokratanhin, Democratical,
Kleruhanfn, Clergyman.. demokratahon. democratic.
klerigo. Divvatk. Deity.
Katidral. Cathedral. Diyusnin, bat- Godlike,; div-

Kardenal. Cardinal. halkin.. ine.

Kapamayanan. Citizenship. Diy osbini Goddess

KapamansAan, Nationality. Emperador. Emperor.
kapanaban- K mpera bin! . Empress
saan, kabans^- Europa. Europe.
unan. Eu ropanhi n . European
Kolono. Colonist. Gusang. Tribe,
KoJonoh^n Colony. General. General.
Kalagayan^g Economical si- Gobernador. Governor.
agimad, ka~ tuatiori, eco- Gimong. Congress.
lagayan ng nomical con- Gi munga nin , Congressman
pananalapt. dition. manggigi-
Katutub6ng ya- Natural re- mong.
man ng lup^. if?oiirces. Giryego. Greek.
Kap itagaa'g da- Grassy plain. Gresya. Greece.
muhin. Heswita, hesus- Jesuit.
Kalap. Lumber. nin,
Katad; balat. Leather; fur, Hari. King.
Konsul. Consul. Haribini. Queen.
Konsuhian. Consulate. Haring Tibobos. Absolute King.
Danay. Region. Haring Kinata- Representative
Dalam. House; chamber. wan. King.
Dalaui ng ba- Chamber of Haring Itinatag. Constitutional
ligya. commerce. King.
Dalam na Ma- Upper House. Hiikuman, huk- Court.
taas. manan, hu-
Dalam na Ma* Lower House. kumnan,
babk. Hukom balinon Municipal Judge.
Dami ng nanga Population. Huk6m pama- Justice of the
mamayan. yapJt. Peace.
 .

-18—
Hiikumaa'g ba- Municipal Court, Ispanya. Spain.
linon. Italy a. Italy.
Hukom Judge. Italy ano, ital- Italian.
Hiikuman'g Court of the yanhin.
Unang Lak First Instance. Italyahon. Italic.
bang. lloko, ilokano. Ilokano. .

Himunsaan. ^ State. Insik. Chinese.

Hukbo, huk- Army. Insiknan. The land of the
bong-kati. Chinese peo-
Hukbong-dagat. Navy, ple; China,
Hukbong-lakad. Foot-soldiers Lahing putf White race.
.

Hukbong-kaba- Horse-troops. Lahing mirilaw. Yellow race.

yuhan "^ Lahing kayu- Brown race.
Hukbong-ka.n- Artillery, manggi.
yon, artilye- «.^ Lahing itim. Black race.
ruhan. Lalawigan. Province.
Hudyo, hudya. Jew, Jewish. Lalawiganon. Provincial.
Hapon, Japan. Langharadyd. Sovereign.
Hapon, hapu« Japanese. LupMn. Land.
non, hapuna- Lungsod. City.
nin. Lungsuron. Civic.
Hapon'g babai, A Japanese wo- Lungsurunan. Civics.
babaing ha- man. Lungsuranfn, CiviL
pon. lungsudnin.
Hapon'g binibi- A Japanese lady, Linungsudnin. Civilized.
ni, binibining
Lupon'g Lala- Provincial
hapon. wigan, Hun. Board.
Hi. Town. tang Lalawi-
Ingatgameng. Treasurer. ganon, Sang-
Inginyero. Engineer. gunian'g Lala-
Inginyeruhan. Enginery; en- wigan.
gineering. Lupon'g Bali- Municipal
Imperyo. Empire. non, Sani^gu- Council,
Imperyuhon. Imperial. niiin^g Baldn.
Imperyunhin, Imperialist. Lupon^g III, Town-Hall,
makaimperyo. Sangguniari'g Town-House
Ingles. English. Hi.
Inglisnaa. England. Lupon'g Lung- City-Hall.
 —19
sod, Siinggu- ^ulisan. Police.
'

nian'g Lung- Politika. Policy; politics.

sod. - Panalungsod; Political ;
poli-
Latin. Latin. panalungsuran. tics.
)

Latino. Latin. Politikanhin, Politician.

Mehiko. Mexico. mananalung-
Mehikano. Mexican. sod.
Malayo. Malay; mala- Purok. District.

yan. Pook, lugal. Place, locality.

Mamamayan. Citizen. Pookbayan, ill. Locality, town.

Metropoli. Metropolis. Protestanhin. Protestant.
Metropolinhin, Metropolitan. P res bite ryano. Presbyterian.
metropolihon Papa. Pope.
Monarka, hari. Monarcb, king. Papanhan. Popedom, Papa-
cy.
Monarkah:in. Moiuirchy.
Papahon, pa- Papal.
Monarkanhin, Monarchist.
napapa.
Marina, Navy, marine.
Papanhin. Popish.
Marinanhin, Mariner.
Palakriston- Christianism, or
marinahon. hinan, og Pa- Christian Re-
Makind. Machine. lasambahan'g ligion.
Makinanhin. Machinist, me Kristiyano.
chanician. Palakatholni- Catholicism, or
Makinahan. Machinery, nan, og Pala- Catholic Reli-
Makinahon. Machinal. sambahan'g gion.
Mikanihiin. Mechanics. Katholanin.
Mikaninhin. Mechanician. Palasambaha- Religious, piouo.
non.
Mikanihon. Mechanical.
Pari. Priest.
Monghe. Monk.
Parion, panapari. Belonging to
Mongba. Nun.
priests.
Metodonhin. Methodist.
Pastor. Pastor, a clergy-
Nayon. Suburb, barrio man.
(Sp.).
Pasturon, pana- Pastoral.
Oseanya. Oceania. pastor.
Obispo. Bishop. Pastol. Shepherd.
Obispuhon. Episcopal, Pastol na babai, Shepherdess.
bishoply. pastora.
Obispunhan. Bishopric. Presbitero. Presbyter.
Palis. Policeman. Patriarka. Patriach.
 .

—20-
Prayle. Friar. ngulong-Pook-
Priiisipe. Prince. bnyan.
Prinsibini. Princess. Paiigulo. President.
Piino. Chief, superior. Puli-Pani^ulo. Vice-President,
inund. Officer. Puli-Kalihim. Vice-Secretary.
]Pinun6ng ba- Official. Panguluhan. Presidency.
yan, basal. Pangasiw^an. Administration.
Panalayi. Belonging to Purok-hiiku- Judicial district.
freedom. man.
PauaaalayJi. The love of li- Pranses. French.
berty ; the en- Pransisna n, France,
joying of li- Pninsiya.
berty. Portuges. Portuguese.
Painahalftan. Government. Portugisna n , Portugal
PdmahalHan'g Philippine Go- Portugal.
Pilipino. vernment. Taong nanana- Inhabitant.
Pamahaia.an'g Popular Go- hanan.
Bayiin, og Pa vernment. Pags.isaka, agri- Farming.
mahaRan'g Ba- kidturan.
yanon. Paghahalaman, Horticulture.
Pamahal^an'g Free and in- hortikulturan.
sarilinhia at dependent Paggagamlang. Industry.
malayi. government. Pagbabaligyfi, Trade, com-
Pilipinhan. The country of pangangalakal, merce.
the Filipinos; pamamaligyA.
the Philip^ Paghahanapbu- Trade,
pines. h«y. pagga-
Pilipinhin. Philippine. gamay,
Pun6ng-Pang- Governor- Pangatungku- Civil Service,
kalahatan, General. lan^g Lungsu-
Agtural^Pana ranin, og Pa-
lahdt. galingkuran'g
iPunong-Lalawi- Provincial Go- Lungsuranin.
gaiion, Agtu- vernor. PangungasiwJt Public Adminia-
fal-Lalttwiga- sa Bayan, Pa- tration.
non. ngasiwMn'g
Pangulong Ba- Municipal Pre- Bay an,
linon, Pa- sident, Pulangan. Fleet.
 . .

—21-
Pagpopook, ka- Location, Samahan (Company >

pookan, society.
Paglalabas ng Export, export- Simbahan, igles- Church.
kalakal. ation. ya.
Pagpapasok ng Import, import- Simbahanon, «
Belonging to
kalakal. ation. Eklesyahon, church; ec-
Pagdudurang, Mining. Eklesyanhin clesiastical,
pagmimina. ecclesiastic.
Pagkikimot. Manufacturing. Simbahan'g Catholic
Pangangalap. Luujbering. Katholanin. Church.
Paghahayupan. Herding. Simbahan'g Or Greek Orthodox
Pangaugakad, Hunting. todoksoiig Church.
pangangaso. Giryego.
Pagkakalagoin, Consolidation. Simbahan'g Sis- Sqhismatic
paglalagom. manhin^g Gir- Greek Church:
Pagkakalagom- National Conso- yego.
patiabansS.. lidation. Simbahan^gKat- Philippine Ca-
Pagkakaisang National union. holanin sa Pi- tholic Church.
bansdon. lipinhan.
Religiyon. Religion. Simbahan^g Pili- Independent Fi-
Religiyuuon. Religious. pinong Sari- lipino Church.
Religiyon ni Christian Reli- liuhin; Simba-
Kristo, Reli- gion. han'gTagalog.
giyon^gKristo Simbahan'g Protestant
Protestanhin . Church
hanfn.
Sultan. Sultan.
Religiyon 'g Ma- Mohammedan
Sultangbinl, Sultana, sulta*
hometanin. Religion.
sultana. ness.
Religiyon ^g Pa- Paganism.
Sundalo. Soldier.
gano, Palapa-
Sargento. Sergeant.
ganuhan.
Tenycnte. Lieutenant.
Republika. Republic.
Tininti. The chief of the
Republikano, Republican.
barrio.
Republikan-
hin, Tinubdan'g-lu- Native-country,
pk, inangba- father-land.
Radyfi., raha. Rajah, king.
Ruso, Rusyan- Russian. yan, tinubdan'g-
bin. banwa, pinag-
Rusunban, Rus Russia. amahin .

ya. Tinipon^g Hi- United States of

 —22—
mansSan ng America. mga hiyas^ jewels, etc.

Amerika. atb.

Tagalog. (Alin- The Indo-Mala Alampay. A shoulder ker-

sunod sa yan people of chief.

atin'g ala- the Philip- Agnos. Reliquary.

mat, na pinag- pines, accord- Aspile Pin.
tibay ng K. K. ing to Ta- Baro. Shirt, caviisa

K., tayong galog tradi- (Sp.), clothes.

lahing kayu- tion. It is be- Barong babai. Chemise.
manggi sa Pi- lieved by the Barong tagalog. Native clothes,
lipinhan ay Tagalgos that Filipino
mga Tagalog all the Filipi- clothes.

na lahat, ala- nos are Taga- Birang, pany6. Kerchief.

aong ay ta- log. {Taga- BalabaL Cloak, mantle,
QA-iLOG, tof/a- Hog, from the cover.

haybayiriy ta- river, or liv- Bakulo, tung- Staff,

gakapangpa- ing near the kod.

ngan^ taga- river.) Bakya. Wooden shoes.
alog^ taga4ba- Bitonis. Button.
bd, taga-kapa- Bahag. A kind of
tagan.) gaskins.

Tagalog. The Tagalog lan- Baksa, pangliig A ueck-kerchief.

guage, the Baluti. Breast-plate,

basis of the plastron.

Filipino lan- Kasak^. Coat,

guage. Kamiseta. Undershirt.

Tsina, Sung- China. Kayo, damit. Cloth, dress.

Bong. Kami sola. Carnisola (Sp,),

Tikm&, Business; affair; ruffled shirt.

negociation. Kamison. Gamisdn (Sp.),

Uman-uman, Confederacy, long and wide
shirt.
kalipunan. confedera-
Kotso, kortso. Clogs.
tion.
Kurbata. Neck-tie, cravat.
Kald. Hat.
VIII. Kalmen. Scapulary.
Kuwintas. Beads.
Pananamit at Clothes and Kuldon; listen. String; ribbon.
 ; •

—23—
Kiiwako. Pipe, tobacco- for taking out
pipe. nits.

Kalsitin. Small stockings. Singsing. Ring, finger-

Damit, panana - Dress, clothes, ring.

mit, kasootan. garment. Tungkod, bas- Walking stick,

ton. cane.
Gnlang, kalum - Bracelet.
Tungkod ng Crosier of a
bigas.
obispo. bishop.
Guwante. Glove.
Tapis. A piece of cloth
Hikaw. Ear-ring.
which is worn
Laso, buhol, tali, Knot.
by Filipino
Silo.
women to
Lam bong, ina- Head-cover for cover their
wak. women, veil, skirts, as sign
mantle. of honor and
Midyas. Stockings. chastity.
Nag was. Inner shirt.
Pany6, panyu- Handkerchief.
lY
9l

lito. .

Panyulon. A long square Hinggil $a ikina - About food.

hiXpuhay,
shawl.
Panurok. Breast-pin. Adobo. Fried meat or
Pamaypay. Fan. pork seasoned
Payong. Umbrella. with vinegar
Pamigkis. Girdle. and garlic
Relos. Watch. Agahan, Breakfast.
Salawdl. Pantaloons. almusal.
Salawilis. Breeches, Asukal, asukar. Sugar.
trousers. Alak. Wine.
Saya ;
patad- Skirt. Asado. Roast meat.
yong. Asm. Salt.

Sintas. Ribbon. Bigas. Rice (the clean

Sinturon. Belt. rice .

Sapatos, paruk^. Shoes. Biskotso, bisku- Biscuit.

Sinelas, tsinelaB. Slippers. wit.
Suklay. Comb. Baboy (karne Pork.
Suyod. Lendrera (Sp.), ng baboy).
a close comb Bungang-kahoy Fruit; fruits.
 . .

—24—
#msa bungahg- coanut mil?c

kahoy. and sugar.

Balungbalunan. Gizzard. Gamot, Medicine.
Bagoong. Fish or small Galapong. Rice flour.
shrimps in Harina. Flour.
brine. Hamon. Ham
Biptek, bistek, Beef -steak. Himagas. Dessert.
Kan ill, nasi. Cooked rice. Hapunan. Supper.
Karne. Meat. Iskal)etfle. Pickled lish.

Karneng ini- Roast meat. Itlog, mgaitlog. Egg, eggs.

haw. Tsda. Fish.
Karneng sinan- Fried meat. Istupadong Stewed meat.'
day, karneng karne.
pinirito. Ispesyas. Spice, spices.
Karneng ini- Broiled meat. Lauya, putse- A kind of boiled
haw sa p.iril- rong tagalog. beef, the broth
ya. of which is

Karneng ginisa, Hashed meat. well seasoned

karneng ti- with sweet po-
n ad tad. tatoes or ka-
Karne ng baka. Beef. motes, beans,
Karne ng tupa. Mutton. vegetables,
Karne ng bnlo. Veal. poik and a
Karne ng usa. Venison. little sugar.
keso. Cheese. Linag^ng ma- Boiled hen or
Karamelo, kar- Sugar-candy. n6k. chicken.
melo. Litson. Roasted pig.
Kompitis. Confit. Linugaw, aiole. The Philippine
Kinilaw, dalok. Sahid. gruel, or the
Kustilyas, tad- Pork-chop. liquid cooked
yangngbaboy. rice.
Dumalaga (ma- Pullet, chicken. Linagkng karne Boiled meat.
.

nok). Linugaw na Rice-milk.

Gatas Milk. may gatas.
Gub^yin. Vegetable, Manok (inahfn Hen.
)

legume. Matamfs. Sweetmeat.

Ginatsln. A kind of liquid Mirindal, pa> Lunch,
food with CO- mahaw. luncheon.
 .

-25—
Mnntikn. I.jird; butler. a little salt

Mantikilya. Butter; a kind and tomatoes.

of butter-cake Pos[)as. A kind of gruel
Mumo. Scrap. with hen or
Mif'as. Cruni. chicken.
I^agkain. Eating; food. Paksiw, pinak- A kind of boiled
Tueal. siw. fish or pork,
Pag-inoin. Driidcing. the broth of

Painulat. VegetaV>le.s, which is sea-

. leaves, or soned with vi-

fruits, tl)at negar and

are eaten witb other spices.

viands. Sabaw. Broth,

i
Patfs, kotsnp. A kind of l)rine. Suka. Vinegar.
FMspis. OfTals; S(^ra}). Sinigang. A kind of boiled
Potiihe. Pottage. fish or meat,

IMivdang, lukba , Hunf>-beef, the l>roth of

t<ai)a jerked-beef. which is sea-

Pulot. Honey. soned with the

1
Pijambro. C'old meat. juice of tama-
Prito. Fried meat or rind fruit or
lisb. some other
Pritada. Fried pork, sour fruit.

meat or fish onions, toma-

'

seasoned with toes, and a

gerlics, to- little salt.

matoes and ,
Some times
onions. ginger and ve-
Pes?^, pitirsa. A kind of boiled getables are
(ihh, (*.lHek^n put.
seasoned
t

or hen, the Buwam. Fesa

[

broth of wliicji with lard.

!

t
is seasoned Sinaing. The cooked
j

with a bit rice.

I

of ginger and 8opa, sopas. Soup.

some otlier Sukulate eg' si- Chocolate.
spices. kuUite.
^riiiangat. Koiied fish with Tinapay. Bread.
 . .

—2(5-

Tiiiapny fisanf!; Loaf. Aklatan. Lil)rary.

tinapay). Aranya. ('handelicM*.
Mga tinapay. Loaves/ AlampOian. Templ(\ cluircb
Tubig. Water. Apugan. liime-kih).
Tosino, iiKis- Saltpork^ bacon A rare. Plow.
naii'g baboy.
Asarol, asada. Hoe, mattock,
Tosinong mala- Fresh j)ork.
spad< .

mig.
Bahay. House.
Tadtarin. Mi need meat.
Batabin. Phi t form.
Tinola. P>oile(i ben or
<*Jiieken with Batayan, sali- Groundwork.
i(po dressed gan,
with lard, g;ir- Baytang. Step, (of a stair-
li(*, ginger af»d
cas(0
f^ome other
Baluin, sikang. Bcaui.
spiee.
A round cake
Bubungan. Roof.
Torta.
mad(^ of va- Balisbisan. Eaves.
rious ingred- Banig. Mat.
ients. Balungan, al- Money-box.
Tortilya. A little cake. kansiya.
Tortilyang itlog. Omelet. Banga, redoma. Jar.
Tanghalian. Dinner. Batya A kind of
Ulam. Viand. trough.
Bayong. Sack, l)ag.
X. Base, bugalong. Glass, tumbler;
Mga g2fsah\ ka- Jh(ildin(f>^y fvr- vase..

hamangan, da- v/tturey n\ater- Basiha, tuytoy, Vase, vessel.

rdl at iba pang iah and other pupong.
hagay-bagay thi 710,s belong- Balanan. Basket,
na %ikol sa ba- ing to a house, Bakol. Square- basket.
lmy, alb. etc. Bilao. Round-basket.
Buslo. Egg-bask(^t.
Ahnires, lu- Brass-mortar.
sunglusu- Bareta, landok, Small ))ar.

ngan. lingkal.
Alilisan. Sugar-cane milb Bitbay, bistay. Sieve, (tribble.
Alul6d. Spout. Kuwarto, silid. Room.
Alhibe. Cistern. Kusinii, pagalu- Kitchen.
Aluyan, inda- Cradle. tiian, pinagld-
yunan. lutCian.
KakarnaiijiiJiii. Furniture. Dingding. Wall.
I sang kaiiiii- A pieces ot* fur- Duyan. Hammock.
nUan. niture. Daral, kasang- Material,
Koiuoda. A clothes-) )ress; kapan.
bureau. DapcSg, kalan. Hearth.
Katn\ Bedstead. Dulang. Table.
Kiilsi, silya, ta- Chai r Dinulaiig. Dish.
bu re te. Dambana, Altar.
Kulamix). Pavilion; n^os- Daras. Adze.
quito net. Didal og diral. Thimble.
Kuniot. Blanket. Gunting. Scissors.
Kuhong, kulu- Veil, nianth^ Gusali. Building.
l)()Mg, Gusi. A china jar; a
Kaliin. Stove. chamber-pot.
Kasangkapan. Tool. Gatang. Chupa (Sp.?).
Kaban, bail I. Trunk. Gilingan. Mill, rice-mill.
Kopa. Cup. Grado ng bahay Story.
Kubyertos. Covers, ta)>l('- Gulong. Wheel.
serviee. Haligi. Post; pillar;
Kutsara. Spoon. column.
Kutsilyo. Knife. Hagdanan. Staircase,
Kahoy. Wood. stairs.
KaV)yawaii Sugar-mill. Hagdan'gbuha- Ladder.
Karo. Car. tin, ay ran.
Karosa, kar- Carriage Hihigan. Bed.
wahe, kotse. liulagwiiy. Portrait.
Karomata. Garromata (Sp.) Hurno. Oven.
Kariton; kari- Cart. Hilamusan. Basin.
tela.
llawla. Cage.
Kawali. Frying-pan.
Haw. Light.
Kemedor, paga Dining-room,
Istampa. Picture.
kainaiK refectory.
Istante. Shelf, book-
Kandila. Candle.
shelf.
Karayoin. Needle.
Ibabang bahay. Down stairs.
Kataiij Plane.
itaasng bahay. *Up stairs.
Kikil. File (a kind of
tool). Ihawan Gridiron,

Window. broiler.
Dungawan, biu-
taua, liiiib. Latok. Low table.
 . . , .

-28-

Picture, image, Pangjiti. Lure.

effigy. Pingkian, bi- Steel for striking

Lainpara, Lamp, nalon. fire with a

ilavviin, flint.
sumbuhan. Pangnan. A small fish-
Lupad. (Iroiuid Hoor, basket.
pavement. Pang-ahit. Razor, chsp-
LangiB, Oil. knife.
LuUng, Idsame. Ceiling.
Parolang, Vehicle.
Luhid. Rope. sasakyan'g may
I>ingkavv; karit. Sickle. gulong.
Lukob; pait. Chisel.
Panabihan, pii- Water-closet,
Lulog. Spunk, tinder. likuran. privy-house
Lagari. Saw. Sahfg; lapagan. F'loor.
Liinibo. A kind of dii){H^r.
Sam pay a n Pwc h
Mantel. Table-clolb.
Suhay, tidcod. Prop.
Mangkok Bowl.
Sinipanan» Cupboard.
Pinggan. IMate,
A small jar.
Saro.
Pasbol; pinto. Door; gate.
Sand ok. A large spoon.
Pader;ding(liiig Wall.
Tongs; pincers.
.

Sipit.
Patangwa, Balcony.
Suligi, tunod. Dart.
balkon.
Suklob. Potlid.
PaUiByo. Pala(*e.
Salop. Ganta (Sp.?).
Palababahan. Balustrade.
Saklob (ng isiing Covert, roof of
Palayok, Pot!
paly ok.
bahay) a house.

Palaa^iiian.
Salas/ Parlor.
Salt-cellar.
Plato. Plate.
SakSn. Hall.

Palakol. Axe, hatchet. Salon'gmarmol. Marble hall.

Palihan. Anvil. Simpanan ng Bookcase,
Panghikwat. Lever. aklat,

Pangalawit. Hook. Salamin. Looking-glass.

Pangbutas. Borer. Salamin-sa- Spectacles, eye-

Plantsa,pirinsa. Iron. i^iata. glass.

Panda ng unnn Pillow-case. Sepilyo. Brush.

Pisi, leteng, Small rope, Sinulid. Thread.
String. Sutla. Silk.
Panambil, awning. Sasangan, tiri- Candlestick.
tambil. kaa'g-kandihi.
 . ,

—29—
Soap. Auiik (na lalaki' Son.
Susi, yawi. Key. Anak (na babai) Daughter*
Silong. . Groiiiid -floor; Apo. Patriach; lord.
down stairg. Apo. (t rand son,

Talaro, tirnSa- Balance, a pair grand-

ngan. of sciiles; daughter.
seale. Ap6-sa-tuhod. Great-grandson»
Tangkalag, Block (for ropes great-grand-
miiton. to run in) daugater.
Toong, Bucket. Apo-sa-talam- Great-great-
Tabo. A kind of tum- pakan. grandson,
bler made of great-great-
coco-shelL grand-
Tagayan, Cup. daughter.
siilyaw. Anak na pa- First-born, pri-
TuVk). Tube. nganay. mogenial.
I
Tiiiiawati. Mirador (Sp.) Anak na Only- begotten.
gallery. bugtong.
j

I
Tamali. Post of dingding. Anak sa katu- Lawfully begot-
I
Tabing. Curtain; veil. wiran. «^ ten; legiti-

I
Tanikaia. Chain; fetters. mate son or
;
Timba. Pail. daughter; le-

Tapayati, Tinaja (Sp.), a gitimate child

lar<;e jar. Anak sa kalis- Illegitimate son
Tinidor. Fork. ydan. or daughter;
Tart. Cock-knife, illegitimate
Unan Pillow. child.
Walls. Broom. Anak sa ligaw. Bastard, a son
or daughter
born out of
XI
wedlock.
Kamag-anakan Kiiulred or Anak natanay. True son, true
0(/ kahirilugan. relationship. daughter.
Ama. Father. Anak-na-panga- Step -son, step-

AmbA, ingkong, Fond names man, daughter, step-

anda, aming. for grand- child,
father. Amang-panga- Step-father,

Angkan. family; tril)e. man.

 -3(

Ali, (laga. Aunt. (^Idest

Ate^ atens. Fond names brother.

for eldest Kambal. Twin.
sister. Kapatid -sa- Foster-brotlier.
Asawa. Wife. ga tas.
Mga asawa. Wives. Kapatid-na- Half-brother.
Bana. Husband. kal hati.
Mga bana. Husbands. Kapatid sa Brother by the
Bayaw, hipag. Brother-in-law. ama*t ina. sanu^ father
liiyanan. Father-in-law, and mother.
mother-in- Kapatid sa Brother by the
law. ama, at hindi father, but
Balai, baysaii. The fathers or sa ina. not by the
mothers who mother.
marry their Kapatid sa ina, Brother by the
children at hindi sa mother, but
together. auvd, not by the
BilaB, Husband of the* father.
sister-in-law; Kanunuan. Anctestry.
wife of the Kainapuhan, Descetidants.
brother-in- mga inapd.
law. Kal)alai. Ilelation })y af-
Bun BO. Younger; the finity or by
youngest son marriage.
or daughter; Kal)alaihan. Affinity.
the Httle Karugviun, .pag- Consanguinity.
child. kakarugo.
Kapatid (na Brother. Kamag-anak, Relation, rela-
lalaki) hinlog. tive.
Kapatid (na Sister. Diko. A fond name
babai) for second
brother.
Kaka. A fond name for
elder uncle or Ditse. A fond name
forsecond sis-
aunt.
ter.
Kaka. A fond name for
Gusang. Tribe.
eldest brother
Hipag. Sister-in-law.
or sister. Inda, impo, Fond names for
Koya og kuya. A fond name for inang. grand-mother.
 32—
Haboy Hog, pig. B^mak. Skate.
Biik. Little pig, young Bisugo. Seabrean).
pig- Butse, tingka. Craw.
Baboy-ramo. Wild hog. Kabayo. Hor.^e.
Baka ('ow. Kalabaw. Carabao.
Bakang kapon, Ox. Kabayong-bai * Mare.
buwey. Kabayong Pony.
Mga buwey. Oxen. njunti.
Bakang babaya--Bull. Kambing. Goat.
gin, tore. Kambing-na- He-goat, buck.
Banyas. Serpent. laki.
BuwayM. Crocodile, alli- Kambing-na- She-goat.
gator. bai,
Balang. Locust. Kaiiiel3^o. Camel.
B^ngaw. Gadfly, horsefly. Koneho. Rabbit.
Bubuyog. Large-bee, hum- Kuting. Kittcui, kitling.
ble-bee. Kala. Turtle-shell,
Bufati. Wonn tortoise-sheil.
Bulating-lupa. Kartbworn). Kala})an, kon- Sliell.

Mga bayawakiii . JgiiavidoH Sp. tsa.

Bayagbag, Saurio (Sp.). Kabibi; tahong ShellHsh.
Bangkalang, Lizard. Kandule. A kind of cat-
timbabalak, fish,

bubuli. Kabayas, ha8i\- Horse njackerel

Bayawak. Iguaiui. has^.
ButikI. Small lizard; Kulyawan. Loriot.
newt. Kulasisi. Small-parrot.
Bukbok. Wood-louse. Kasili. Cormorant.
Bayakan. A kind of small Kalapati, pala- Pigeon, dove.
but. pati.
Banoy, agila. Eagle. Kalapati ng-laki. Cock -pigeon.
Batobato; pu- iVfountain-dove. Kalapati ng- ha i . Hen-pigeon
na y; balod. dove.
Burong. Bird, a general Kuwago. Owl.
name for the Kalaw. A kind of bird.
feathered kind; Kuliglig. . Harvest-fly.
fowl Kagaw H a nd- worm ,
^

Baugos; subaJo Shad.

. ring- worm.
 .

—33-
Kagaykay, kii- Grass-hopper. mga hayop li animals.
Hglig-liip^. padnin.
Kabagkab^ig. Small-bat. VI ga hayop na Reptile animals,
Daga. Mouse, rat. gumagapang, crawlers.
Dagang-laki. He-mouse. mga hayop
Da;5dngrbai. She-moiise. hilahudnin.
M X?i (laga. Mice. Humento, Ass.
Gansa. »Gbose, gander. Humeiitong- Female ass.
'

Mga gansa. •
^Gee^se: ^
bai, humenta.
Gaiudng-laki.^ Ibon. Bird.
Gansdng-bai. Goose. Ibon'g mani- Bird of prey.
Ganid sa gubat. •Wild beast. ^^ himbad,
Guy^, bulo. Calf. •
Ibon'g mang-
Mga guy a, m>i Calves. •'
daragit.
bulo. T Itik,^ bibi. Duck.
Gadya. Elephant. Ipis; Cockroach.
Gagamba. Spider. IkJln/ Fish: chiefly
Hay op. Animal. applied to
"

Hipon. Shrimp. fresh- water

Hayop-gubat, Wild animal. fish that have
hay op gubat- 110 name.
nin. Isda. Fish, pescado
Hayop panaba- Domestic ani- (Sp.)
hay, h^yop mal. Isdang-balibit, Shellfish.
bahayanin. lamangdagat.
Halimaw, leon. Lion. Langaw. Fly.
Halimaw-na- Lioness. Lam ok. Mosquito, gnat.
bai. Linta. Leech.
Hunyango. Chamaleon. Langgam Ant, pismire.
Mga hayop sa Terrestrial ani- Langaylanga- Swallow.
lupc\, mga hi- mals, laud a- yan.
yop dalatanfii . ni *
als. Laid. Male, male ani-
M;|a hayop sa Aquatic ani- mal.
tubig, mga mals, water Loro. Parrot.
hayop tul)ig- animals. Law in. Hawk,
nin. Labuy6ng-laki. Wild-cock.
Mga hayop iia Volatile ani- Labuyong-bai. Wild-hen.
hi mi li pad, mals, flying Musang. Civet-cat.
 —34 I

Mulo. Mule. Tupa. Sheep.

Mill a. She-mule. Tupa (isang A sheep.

Maya. Sparrow. tupa).

Manok-na-laki. Cock. Mga tupa. Sheep.
Manok-ha- Hen. Tupang-laki. Sheep.
inahin. Tupang-bai, Ewe,
Mam all. A kind of Bait- Tigre. Tig(M% tigress.
water fish, Tigreng-laki. Tiger.

which is very Tigre ug-bai. Tigress.

common in Tagak. Heron.

Kabite. Tipol. Crane.
Oso. Bear. Tutube. Dragon-Hy.
Pusa. Cat. Talangka. ' Small cray(i^h.
Pusaiig-laki. He-cat. Talaba. Oyster.
Puskng-bai. She-cat. Tungaw. Tick.
Pabo. Turkey. Tanga. Moth.
Pugo. Quail. Tuko. Gecko.
Pagala. Pelican. Unggoy, Monkey.
Paroparo. ButterHy. matsing.
Pukyutan, lig- Bee. Ugaw. Ape.
wan. Unggoy -na Female
Putakti. Wasp. bai, kulfiw. monkey.
Palaka. Frog. U»a. Deer.
Pawikan, Turtle, tortoivse. Usa (isangusfi) A deer.
pagong. Mga usa. Deer.
Palos. Eel. Ulupong. Viper.
Pagi. Ray. Uod, Worm, maggot.
Pating. Shark. Uwang. Black-beetle.
Paniki. l/dvge-hai. Uwak. Crow, raven.
Sala^ubang. Beetle. Ulang. Lobster,
Sawa. Boa.
Sisiw;inakay. Chicken; chick. XIIL
Sugpo. Large- shrimp.
Supot. Bug, bed-bug. Hinggil sa mga About plants.

Suso. Twisted-ehell, kalaman.

snail. Ampalayfi, A kind of vine,
Tuta. Little dog, small apalya. the fruits of
dog. which are bit-
 -B5-

ter; but tliey Kahoy, punong- Tree. -

are medicinal, kahoy.

and good for Kahuykahuyan Shrub, bush.
eating whew dutong, tubli
cooked. Kabuyiiw. Wild-orange.
Ampalayang Wild ampalaya, Kakaw. Cacao.
ligaw. Kape. Coffee,
Bitsuwelas, Bean. Kamatis. Tomato.
Bavvang. Garlic. Mga kamatis. Tomatoes.
Balatong, Mongo. Kalabasa. Squash, gourd
munggo. Kolis. Cabbage. *

But()(n];bunga) Kernel; seed.

. Kamote. Sweet-potato,
Binhi. Seed. kamote.
Butil. Grain. Kulasiman. Purslain.
Busil. Cob. Korola. Corolla.
Biliwig. Bunch. Kalik., Calyx.
Balat, iipak. Skin, peel, rind. Kastule. Mars-mallow.
Banakal, bajat. Bark, Kdhute. Mushroom.
Balanggot. A kind of cype- Kamot-kabfig, Bramble.
rus, a sedge. sipit-ulfing,

Biilaklak, Flower, sapinit.

sampaga. blossom. Kalikitan, likit. Brake.
Buko. Bud. kasukalaii.
Biinga, bu- Fruit. Dayaini. Straw.
ngang-kalioy, Dahon. Ijcaf.

bimgang- Mga dahon. Leaves.

lialamau. Dam<), l)arit. Herb, grass.
iVIga bunga. Fruits. Dalandan. Orange, small
Baging. Vine. orange.
Bigas. Rice (clean and Dayap. Lemon.
without Duhat, lumboy. A kind of
husk). cherry.
Bulio. Wild small thin Davva. Millet.
bamboo. .
Dihiw, kasubha Saffron.
Bnkawo. Wild small Gulayin. Vegetable;
thick bamboo. legume.
K away an, Bamboo. Gar])ansos* Chick-peas, Spa
bam bo. nish-peas.
 . .

-36—
Gilinggilingan. Mallows, Punong-sampa- Tamarind-tre
Halaman. Plant. lok.

Halaman'g- Cotton-plant. Pun6ng-ba3^'l- Guava-tfee,

bas.
bulak.
Punong-mansa- Apple-trbe;
Halaman^K- Garden-stuflf,
nas.
panaani. pot-herbs.
Pal ma. Palm. '

Hal y as, punhal, Trunk.

Palay. Rice (in husk
pun6 ng ka-
Piminta. Pepper.
hoy, puno ng
Pa k wan. Water-melon.
halaman.
Pahd. Paho (Tag.)
Ik mo, biiyo. Betel, bxiyo.
Patola. Palola (Tag.)
Istamli. Stamen.
Pitalo. fetal.
Ipfi.
Mr
Rice husk. T'fc* • 1 1 •
/~i 1

Pipino, kati- Cucumber.)

Labong. Bamboo-shoot. mon.
Laman. Pulp. Patani; pirlio- Kidney- be.» n.
Labanos. Radish lis.

Litsugas. Lettuce, lettice. Patatas. Potato.

Linga. Sesame-seed, Mga patatas. Potatoes.
beneseed. Puso (ng ma is, Ear.
Liiya. Ginger. atb.)
Luyos, Betel-nut. Rim as. Rimas (Tag.l
Lukban, snha. Large orange. a kind of tree
Luyong. Ebony. its fruit.

Mais. Corn, maize. Repolyo. White cabbage

Mustasa, Mustard. Sanga. Branch.
Mansanilya. Chain omile. Mga sanga. Branches.
Milon Melon. Sepal. Sepal.
Mulawin, 3folave {Ph. Sp ) Saging, B.mana
Mingli, gangaw Twig.
. Samboii)/. Sage {a medici
Niyog. Cocoanut. nal plant).
Olibo, aseytu- Olive, Sibuyas, las()m\ . Onion.
nas; oliba. Sili. Capsicum, ca
Puno. Tree; plant; yenne-pepper
shrub; bush. Suloy. Shoot; stem.
Pundng-niyog. Cocoanut- tree. Sitsar^. Pea, peas.
Punongrpapaya Papaya-tree.
. Sarsaparilya. Sarsaparilla.
Punong-mang- Mango- tree. Supling. Shoot.
ga. Suwi. Sucker.
 .

—37—
Stem Bigwasan. Pishing-cane.
rangkay. Stalk, Kanggabsa. Starboard.
Tubo. Sugar-cane. Karang. Awning.
Taycm. Indigo. Katig. Counterpoise,
Tal6ng. Egg-pbnit. Damulas. A large ship.
Tall)()>s, sulci, Sprout, shoot Daong, sasak- Ship, vessel.
ughos. yan,

Tinik, may. Thorn. Doohg, suma- Bow.

nga.
1\sa, tsaa. Tea.
Tabako. Tobacco.
Dala. A kind of fish-
ing net.
Ubas. Grape.
Gaod; sagwan, Row; paddle.
Ugat (ng hala- Root. Schooner.
Goleta.
man).
Hull ng daong, Stern.
Uhay. Spike, ear.
mulin,
Upo. White squash. Hapin, pi si, Cord, a thin
Usbong, supang Sprout, chit. rope.
Yantok, uway. Ratan, heJKCo Layag. Sail.
(Sp.). Lulan. Cargo; burden,
loading.
Lam bat. Net.
XIV.
Liwagabsa. Larboard.
hinggil sa pag- About sailing Lawig. Any of the cord
lakiydg at and fishing, employed in a
pawamxila- > ship; cable.
kaya. Lubid. Rope.
Albor, palo, \^ast.
Magdaragat, Sailor, seaman,
BangkA. Boat, banka marinanhin. mariner.

(Tag.) Malo, malong, Ship, vessel.

Biray, bote. Boat. Malong-pang- Battle-ship,

Steam-boat, digma. ship of war.

Bapor.
Bapor-damulas. Steamer. Magdaraong. A ship-ow^ner.

Bah u wan. Yard, Pagdaragat, Seamanship,

marina. nautical art,
Batfivv, lutang. Afloat; buo-
marine.
yant; light,
Panaragat, og Maritime, or be-
sailing well. nauukol sa longing to the
Bngbag, lukSg Shipwreck. dagat. sea.
Baklad. Fish-fence, Paglalayfig. Navigation,
corral (Sp.) sailing.
 —38—
Paglalakbay- Voyage. Alipungfi, Chilblains.
dagat. Apad. Coli(^

Pulyagan, Foremast, Angol, piste; Pest, pestilence

tringkete. foresail. Aiigol-tabnkaw Bubonii» pest.
Palakaya^ pa- Fishing. Bungang-init, Rash, a cuta
ngingisda. gasdi. neoiis eruption

Pukot. A kind of lish. Biki, bayki. Wen; mumps.

ing-boat. Buni. Herps, tetter.

Parsing. A kind of fish- Binat. Relapse.

ing by fish- Balisawsaw. Strangury.
hook. Balinguyngoy. HiMuorrhage,
Pamnnsiiigan, A small boat hemorrhagy.
bangkAng- • for fishing by Bulutong. Small -pox.
pfimansingan hook. Bulag. Blind.
Pain, Batt. Bingi. Deaf.
Pandong. Deck. Buswang. Tumor on the
Patubiling, giri. Weather- co(*k. feet.

Panghuli ng P'ish-trap, Bubas. Buboes, pustule.

\&dk. Bikat. Tumor in the
Panghiili ng Crab-trap. ne(*k.
ayania, pang- Bulil)uli, og di- Indigestion.
huli ng alima pagkatunaw
ngo, panghul] i
ng kinain.
ng alimasag. Bulrtk, kabu- Pus, corrupted
Si ni pete, kawat. Anchor. lilkan. blood or hu-
Sundong, A large stiok.
mor.
Tikin. A long stick to
Bukol. Tumor.
govern the A 1 J

l)oat.
Baga. Abscess or tu-

Tigib. Loaded; full.

mor in the

Ugit, tinion. Rudder. groin, in the

Unda, teat, or in the

pag- Towing;
iinda;paghila. hauling. armpit
Butlig. Pimple.
XV. Batag, hinlii- iiir; Germ.
1 ^j
sakit.
Jiinggil sa iiJilip Ahoni health and
Mga baktirya. Bacterid.,
(if sa mga sakit. i/fness.
Bundoy,l)untoy. Dropsy,
Agihap. Blister. Knlani. A tumor or
 -

—39--
swelling in Hawa. Contagion.
the groin. Hilab, ahito, Surfeit, indiges-
Kati og p Lgkati Iteh or itching. bulibuli. tion.
Kabag kalbag, Flatus. Hunhon, og Digestion.
usog. pagkatunaw
Kataro. Catarrh. ng kinain.
Kangkai|). Cinder. Higis, higisan. Hygiene.
kanser. Higisnin, higi- Hygienic.
Kulugo. Wart. son.
Kal)iilagaii, Blindness. Ilagin. DiarrhcFa.
Kapilayan. Lameness. Lajinat. Fever.
Kabingihan. Deafness, Lipfik. Callus, callosity.
Kaululan, Madness, Lumpo. Cripple, crip-
craziness. pled.
Kayavv^., sakit Spleen illness. Luga. Corrupted mat*
sa la pay. ter in the ears.
Ketong, Leprosy. Latay, p:isa. Lividness, livi-
Ketongin. Leprous; leper. dity.
» Mga ketongin, Lepers. Maysakit, ma- Sick, diseased,
Kigiw, baktir- Microbe, bac- huyang, infirm.
ya, mikrobyo terium. Manas, pama- Swelling, tume-
Daragis, iti. Dysentery, manfis. faction.
Galis. Itch, mange. May-sala. Crippled,
Garilavv. ('holera, cho- lit aimed.
lerji-morbus. Mantal, pn ma- Slight s^velling.
Galisin. Itchy, mangy. ma ntal.
Garilawin. Choleric. Masakit. Sore.
Garilawon. Bi4onging to the Mal&t, pama- Hoarseness.
cholera. malfit.
Garano. Furuncle. Masasaktin. Sickly, health
N>iki, pangiki. Chill and fever. ness.
Ngalo, panga- Numbness, tor- Muta. Bleardness : a
ngalo, nginiay, por. slimy humor
i Hika. Asthma. running from
Hikkiu. Asthmatic* the eyes.
Hik^on. Belonging to the M'vitain. Blear-eyed.
asthma. Manhid, pama- A kind of rheu-
Ililo, liyo. Vertigo. manhid. matism.
 -40—
Corrupted mat- Samad, sugat. Ulcer, oun dw.
ter, pus. Samarin, su- lJl(*erous.
Pagamutan, Infirmary, Hos- gatin.
Hospital. pital .
Sinat, Slight fever,
Pipi. Dumb. Sipoii, (bid; catarrh.
Pig^a. Boil, furuncle- Consumption.
Sigam, tuyo.
Pangingilo. Tingling pain in Sal^. Strain; dislo
the teeth.
cation.
Pamamaga. Swelling,
Tiknya, aliway Convalescence.
Pulikat. Cramp.
Tikayanhin, Convalescent,
Pasnia. Spasm, convul-
aliwayanin.
sion.
Tagulabay. Wheal.
Pilfiy. Lame cripple.
Tungd. Felon, fellon.
Pi3'o, sakit na Gout.
piyo. Tigdas. Measles.
Rayiima. Rheumatism. Tigmata, sakit Eyesori
Rayumahin. Rheumatic (the ng mata.
patient) Ta6K A burning fevc

Riiyumahon. Belonging to the that afflict

rheumatism. the children
Sakit,dam- Illnees, sickness, Tagihawat. Pimple in tli

dam, huyang, disease, face.

karamdaman.
Ubo, Cough,
Sakit. Pain, ache.
U161, baliw, Cra7.y, mad.
Sakit sa ulo, Headache
Uhog, Snot.
sakit lig ulo.
Toothache.
Uhugin. Snotty.
Sakit sa ngi-
pin, sakit ng Umor, duga. Humor, hu-
ngipin, saKit mour.
sa bagang. Ulilip (gihhawa Health;
Sakit sa bituka. Griping. at kagalingan sanitation,
Sakit sa sik- Stomachache, ng katawan,
mura. og bagay na *

Sakit sa kala- Megrim, a pain natutungod sa

hating ulo; affecting one
kagalingan ng
hakeka. side of tlie
head katawan).
SubJl. Convulsion. Walang-sakit, Healthful,
Suka. Vomit. maulilip, healthy.
Sinok. Hiccough, hic- Walfing-ulilip, Unheal thful,
kup. mahuyang. unhealthty.
 . . ; .

—41-

XVI.
Talaiinglgan ng ildiVg palasak Vocabulary of some useful abstract
nn namniig aiotl og pangka- nouns, collective nouns, verbal
Idmtangdu, pangkatipxi' nou7is, etc..

nan, badgaon, alb.

Awhy kiiawaan, Compassion, Abal. Occupation,

habag. pity, com mi- business.
st^ rati on, Abal -abal, A little occupa-
Awk 8a kapw&,- Liberality, gene- tion, a little

tao; kfilam, rosity, bounty, work

kakalaman. bountifulness. Abala, Impediment;
Alindog, ula- Caress, endear- botheration;
yaw. ments. occupation.
Adhika. Diligence; de- Abuloy. Contribution
\i sire; solicitude. help.
Alang-alang, Regard; consi- Abyuga; pana- Occasion,
pitagan. deration; po- hon; dahilan,
liteness. Agdon, ambay. Maintenance;
Alingasngas, Noise, support,
. ingay, A to, pag-ato. Attempt, trial.
Alingawngaw, Rumor, report. Asugyo; tutol; Claim, reclama-
sabisabi. paghabol tion ; demand
Aliw, kaaliwan, Consolation; Araw-ng-kapa- Birthday, nati-
gall. joy; comfort. nganakan. vity,
Ab(5t,kakaya- Capacity, ability, Alaala;gunam- Memory; re-
han, capability. gunam. membrance;
Anino, Shadow. commemora-
Aso, asok, Smoke, steam. tion.
usok. Aral. Doctrine; ins-
Akal&; isip. Thought, truction,

Ayos, husay, Order; method. Ayo. Favor.

kaayusan, Ambag, amba- Contribution,

kjahusayan. gan.
 -42—
Agaiu-agaiih Scruple. pag-asam,
Angkit, kapa- Interest, eon- ^ hangad.
kanan. eernment, ad- Kaalipustaan, Contempt, de-

vantage. pag-alipusta. spising.

A lam at. Tradition.
A sal. Custom
Adwaiia* Custom-house.
P A
Akdd: pag-ak- Work, working; Pag-asa, pana- Hope.
da; pag-aak- doing; labor. nalig.
da. Pag-aalinla- Doubt, question.
ngan.
Pag-aalaala. Remembrance.
K -A Pag-aaway. Quarrel, fight-
Kaabalaban, Botheration, ing.
abala. bother; occu- Pag-aanyaya. Invitation.
pation .
'
Pag-aaliw, pag- Amusement, di-
Kaasalan, asal. Conduct, beha- iilibang. version.
vior, deport- Pag-aaral. Studying.
ment. Pag-alis, pag- Departure.
Kaalatan, alat. Sal tn ess. yao.
Kaarawan, Day. Pag-aalis. Taking off.
a raw. Pag-ayon. Conformation,
Kaalitan, pag- Disagreement, conformity;
kakaalit. discord. agreement.
Kaamiian, Meekness, Pag-ayaw. Refusal; dislike.
am 6. gentleness, Pag-aayaw- Proportion.
mildness. ayaw.
Kaamuan ng Tarn en ess. Pag-alimura, Outrage.
hayop, ka- ab'mura.
mansuhan. Pag-aari. Property.
Kaalwanan, aj- Comfort, conve- Pinag-aralan Education,
wan. nience, ac- Pinag-aaralan. Subject of study-
commodation. ing.
KaampuaiK Dependence, de- Pag-api, pag- Offence, griev
pedency. imbiv anc^.
Kaangkinan. Propriety ; pe- Pangamoy. Smell, smelling.
culiarity. PangangaraL Preaching, ser^^

Kaasamaii, Eagerness. mon.

 —48—
(*>barge, (^om
mission.
B {
Biiligho; kaba- Absurdity; non-
Bahin. Sneeze. lagbagan. sense.
BalA. Threat. Bako, linlkhula ; <}uessing.
Buntong-hini- Sigh, buko.
nga. BaMbaki, <hi- Caprice, whim.
Baliga. Story/ hoL
Biyay^. Grace, mercy. Bangungot. Nightmare.
Buwis. Tax. Big<iy» kaloob. Gift.
Binyag. Baptism.
Buhay. Life.
Banloug, Advantage;
K B
gain. Kabab^an'g- Humbleness.
Bahip. Sign, token, sig- l()ob, kapa-
nal. kumbabaan.
Bah'ta. Notice; news; Kabjiitan. Virtue; pru-
information. dence.
Ban sag; pa- Surname. K aba nal an. Holiness, sanc-
magat. tity; virtue.

Babahdi. Farm; forni- Kabjitaan. Youth.

ture; riche.^. Kabatingilan. Stubbornness,
Bal)an(b' n;^ Finance, ,
obstinacy.
bayan. Kabuntisan. Pregnancy, ges-
Banibani, Simulation. tation.

Balidya. Contract. Kabigatan. Gravity; lieavi-

^
Bndhi, hibalo; Conscience. ness; weight.
dilidili. Kabalisahan Inquietude, rest-
Baligya, panga - Commerce, lessness.

ngalakal. trade Kabalisanhan. Trouble.

Bahidba; badb a. Datum; indica- Kabagayan. Circumstance.
tion. Kabalikan. Back-part.
Mga l)aIn(lbA. Data, KaV)ibasnan. Civilization,

BahA. Flood. culture.

Biro. Hoax, jest. Kabutihan. Goodness.

Bigay-kava. Dower, dowery; Kababaw^an. Shallowness.
endowment. Kabuhungan. Crime ; offence.

Bilin. Command Kabulaahan. Lie.

 —44^
Kuro, pagku- ('ritcM'ion.

kuro.
-B Karurukan, Seat of bono
Pagbibigay. (Jiving. hulls whe
Struggle, c(»urts of ju
Pagbiibuno,
tunggalis, ta- wrestling. t ice hold the
lad. sittings.

Pagbali, bati. Greeting, salu- Kinang, niiig- Glitter; shininp

tation. ning.
Pagbibigay-sa- Imputation Kagip. Essence,
la, para tang. Kayani, hina- (-onviction,

Pagkabalo. Widowhood. li;^.

PHgbnbata, Suffering, pa- Kuwenta. Ac(*(»unt.

pagtitifs. tience.
Pagbalam. Detaining,
tention.
de- K—
Kakiputan. Narrowness,
Pagkabalani. Delay.
closeness.
Pagl)abakod. Fencing.
Pagbabawas. Kakulan^an. Fault, detect;
Subtra(*.tion.
faultness;
Pagbibahagi. Division.
failing.
Pagliabaual ba- Hypocris}'.
Kakahuyan, Grove, plan-
pagpa
nal an,
kahuyan. tation of trees.
paimbabaw;
pagbabalat- Ka kapal an, Crowd density;

thickntvss.
kayo.
Kakuparan, ka- Slowness.
sagalan, ka-
K bagalan.
Kapal. Thickness. Kakayah^in. Capability, ca-

Kawan, kaban. Flock, herd. pacity.

Kasal, boda. Wedding. Kakaunticin. Fewness, little-

Kalinga. Heed, care, at- ness.

tention.
Kurot, piral.
Kutab; sabak.
Pinch.
Groove; hack.
P—
Kawayanan. Bamboo plan- Pagkilala. Pvecognition, re-
tation. cognizance.
Kalupkop. Enchasing. Pagkilala ng Acknowledg-
 , . , .

45—
utnng n I nient, grati- Daya, karaya- Dc(*eit, fraud.

looh. tude. an.

Pagkuha ,
pag- Taking ; cap- Daing, karai- Petition, request.
gaingain. ture. nffan, hina-
Pagkakuha 0(*ciipancy ing.
I)agkagamgani. capture. Dahilan. Cause.
Pagkak ndili. Protection. Dahidahilan. Excu5-e, pretex.
Pagkakalinga. Solicitude, at- Dalit. Couplet; hymn.
tention, heed. Dasal; panQad- Prayer; flivine

Pagkakaila- Necessity, need, yi; panala- office

nj>an. want. ngin.

Pagkabti nr>; Palpitation. Dulo, hangga- End; bounda
dibdil). (I

nan.
Pagkakasal; The act of mar-? Daing, hinana- Complaint.
kasal. rying; mar- kit.
riage. Dighay. Belch, eructa-
Pagkukuhing. Failing. tion.
Pagkukulang, Diminution. Diyang-paka- Way-laying,
pag-unti. na, bakay. trick, i^trata-
Pagk u k u n p1 i 1 , Co n fi rm ; 1 1 io n gem.
pagpj.patihay.,
Daniw. Use.
Pagkukunot, Plaiting:
Honor; honesty.
Dangal.
pagkukubot.
Dbnidarnin. Feeling,
Pagkiling, hi- Inclination.
lig.

Pagkakapat id, Brotherhood, K- D

kaigsnunau. fraternity.
Pagkukuwenta Accounting. Kailahibman, Motive, cau^e,
sanhi. reason.
Pagkatog (sa Knock, knock
pinto). ing. Kadustaiin, ka- Infamy, disho-
rustaaii. nor.
Pagkalkula, Calculation.
Kadiliman, Darkness.
pagbalak.
Kadalamhatian Sorrow, afflic-
tion; grief.
D Kadalasan, ka- Frequency,
runsulan, ka-
Danal, paaa- Hurt.
limitan.
nakit.
Kadallan. Quickness,
Diri, siiklani. Nausea, loath- promptitude,
someness. speed.
 M6—
I
/1
Kadulasan. Slipperiness. (Jilalas, pan»- Admiration,
Kadalan^an. Rarity. gigilalas. woncfer.
Kadaliimatan. Toleration.
I
Gantingpala, Reward, recom
Kadakil&an. Greatness; mag- hihis, ganti. pense,
nificence. Gakla. Surprise,
Gugma. Will.
Ginaw.
P— (bldness, cold.

Paji^datfng, pag-
datnl.
Coming, reacli-
ing, arrival.
KG
Pagdalaw Visiting, visi- I
Kagalitan,
-
Anger, ire.
j

tation. j
Kagaliniian, (ioodness; excel-
PagkaduUis. Slip, slipping. gal ing. lence; virtue;
I

Pagdulog. Act of recurring. healthfulness.

Panamd rn. Sensation, feel- KagaanSfin. Lightness.
ing. Kagulangan. Oidage.
Pakiramdam; Common s<^nse. Kaguhdnin. Turbuien<H\ dis-
damdamin'g order, confu-
pangladaliatn' n. sion,
Panimdim. Thought, ima- Kaginoohan; (lentlemen ; no-
gination. kamahalan. •
bility, noble-
ness.
Kagandahan, Beauty, hand-
ganda, someness.
Garni t, kagami- Use. Kagandahan 'g- Kindness.
tan. loob, kaayu-

Gahing; pita- Reverence; re

han.
gan. spect; vener- Kaganapan. A(U5omplish-
ation. nient.

Ginsed, puhi- Group. Kagawara'n. Bureau, <>th<*e.

tong,
G among, kaya- Treasure. p—
manan'g na-
tatago. Pag -gu hi w, Movement.
i^Jahom, ka- Poten(*.y, p<»\vf>r. j>agkilos,
pangyarihan. Pa^-gawa, J)oing; work-
Gutom. Hunger. ing; making;
Gitla, sindak. Fright. labor-
 _47—
Pa»)ygigigil. CiHinige; rago. Himawft, lait, Injury, insult.
Pinanggali- Origin. dustd.
ngan, simiila. Hinap, dungis. Stain, spot.
Panggagahfs, Violatiiwi. Hirala. Disappoint-
panggagaga ment; un-
Giiyocl. Flock. deceiviiig.
Hi ray a, haraya, Illusion.
Higop. Sipping, sip.
NG Haba, kaha- Length.
bj^an.
Ngalan, panga- N^anie.
Halinghing, Neighing.
Ian.
Huni, paghuni. Binl's singing;
Ngiti. Smile.
hissing;
Ngitngit; k*- Anger; great
chirping.
ngitngitau. darkness.
Halakhak. Loud- laughter,
horse-laugh.
H
Hininga. Breath. K—
Hikab. Yawn, yawning.
Hatol. Judgment; ad- Kalianagan. Dignity ; worthi-
vice; senten<*e. ness. ;

Ilingal. Pant. Kahangalan. Foolishness,

Handog. Offert, gift. foolery, non-
Habla, daloni. Complaint. sense.
Hi mala. Miracle, Kahinkan. Weakness,
Hiya. Shame. Kahunaan. Feebleness, flac-
Himanliinuin, Alleviation, mi- cid ity, flac-
himanman. tigation, cid ness.
Halik. Kiss, Kahinhinan. Modesty.
Habihan. Weaving- loom. Kahirapan. Hardship; pain-
Halimbawa. Example. fulness; po-
Hula. Prophecy. verty, misery.
Hinagpis. Anguish, afflic- Kabul ugan. Meaning.
tion. Kahalagahan, Importance.
Hakbarg. Step. kahalagahan
Halaga. Price, cost; va- Kahungha- Malice, mali-
lue; estima ngan. ciousness.
tion; amount. Kahimtangan. Condition,
 -48-

rCali ilayaii. Impurity, im- 1

p I
modesty,
Pag- i isip. l{(\ason, tlie ra-
lewdness.
tional faculty
Kahilayan, Viciousness,
thought.
bisyo. .vice.
Pag-ilng, pag- Shunning, avoid-
Kahigit:in, 1 ca- Advantage.
ilas. ance.
lamanian
Pag-ibig, pag- Lo e.

sinta.
P H Pag-iingat. Keeping; i)re
caution ; vigi-
Paghaliawak Holding.
lance.
Paghahawak 'I? Continence.
Pag-irog. Love, the act
]6ob.
of fondling;
Paghahabil, ha- Ele(ition. -

caress, act of
lalan.
endearment.
Pag- im bay, The act of swing-
I imbay. ing the arms.

Haw. Light. L
Isip. Thought, mind. Lalang. Invention ; in-
Imbot. Interest; ambi- stitution.
tion, covetous- Ligos. Elei gance.
ness. Li him. Secret.
I nam. Fineness; de- Lanya, kalan- Lib^rtinage, li-
light.
ydan. auice, liberti-
Ij^i. Good, utility, nism; licen-
benefit. tiousness.
Init, kainitan. Heat; warm- Layaw, kala- Pleasure, de-
ness, warmth. yawan. light.
Lilim. Shade; shadow.
K I
Limbagan. Printing, print-
ing-office.
Kaisipan. Thought. Lfbingan. Cemetery; grave-
Kainaman. Fairness; pret- yard .

tiness. Labis, higit. Overplus.

Kaigihan. Goodness; fair- Labi, labis, Residue, rest,
ness; fair. tira. remainder.
Knitiman. Blackness. Lunas. Remedy.
 —49—
Liwanag, ilaw. Light; clearness, Ealabuan. Muddins
clarity. curity.
Li nam nam, Relish, taste Kalabnawan. Liquidness.
lasa. Kjilaputan, Thickness.
Lapad. Width. Kalinawan ng Fair weather.
Luwang. Broadness; panahon.
largeness. Kalinangan. Culture.
Lakiis, tibay. Strength. Kalimitan. Closeness.
Lamfg. Cool; fresh air. Kalihuan, liho, Defect, fault.

kakulnngan.
KalagyAan, ka- Personality.
K-L Ingy Annan.
Kalinisan. Purity, chastity; Kalungkutan Sorrow, sorrow-
cleanness, kadalamha- fulness.

cleanliness* tian.

Kalihugan. Lewdness, con- Kalisdingan. Simpleness,

cupiscence. KMlupitan, ka- Cruelty, inhu-

Kalooban, Will; interior. bangisan. manity. .

loob. Kaluwngan. Looseness.

-

Kalik^ihan, Celerity, swift- KalaVihan, ka- Largeness.

tiilin. ness. lakhan, laki.
Kalubayan ng Meekness, Kalinggitan, Smallness.
Idob. gentleness, Hnggit.
mildness. KalanghMn, Pride; dignity;
Kali wan agan. Brightness; langhd. majesty.
enlightening,
enlighten- -L
ment. Paglilitis; pag- Trial,
Kalamigan. Coldness, cool- taya.
ness. Paolilingkod. Service.
Kaligtasan. Salvation. Paglilihi. Conception»
Kalabhasaan. Lavishness, pro- Paglangoy. Swimming.
digality. Pagling(5. Murder, assas-
Kaligaligan, Trouble. sination.
i ligalig. Paglililo. Treason; dislo-
Kala^ayan. State, condition. yalty.
Kalaliman. Deepness. Paglil6. Falsification,
Kalinawan. Clearness. forgery .
 M M :

-M) —
Paglinsap, Favor, protec- Kanuirahan. ( 'hcapnej^s.
pag^ayo. tion. Kamurahan, Dishonor.
Paglilibing, li- Burial, funeral. KaiinisnuKsan. Childhood.
bing. fCama'balan. Honor, noble
Pagkalimbag. Edition. ness.
Taglinas, pag- Working and Kauiahalan. Dearnej^s.
lilinas. improving, Kaniangnia- Ignorance.
making profit ngan.
of; exploi- Kamatayan, Death.
tation. pagkamatay.
Pagliliwaliw, Vacation. Kamalian, Krror, mir^take
l^aglait, pang- Insult. mall.
lalait.

Paglusob. Invasion.
Paglaban, pag- Rcsistaru^e. p—
salangsang,
pagsalkid. \aginaniasid. Observation
Paglabiig. Infraction, vio- niasid.

lation. Paniasid. licnnark.

Pa,l?]agi, pana- Permanence, Pagnian:iala- Tattle, gossip,

uatili. permanency, bioa. misreport

Paglimot, pag- Forgetfulness. gossiping.
kaliniot. Pagka-niay-an. Ownership.
Paglutas. Resolution. Pagkakainatay. Multitude* of
deaths caused
M by epidemy,
Mitlang, siilira- Question, war, etc.
f)ro-

nin. blem.
Mana. Inherit a nc(\
heirdom.
N
Munimuni. Oousideralion ;
Nilaynilay, M<Mlitation
thought. pagninilay-
Malay. Sense. nilay.
Mungkahi. Motion ; 8U<^- Nasa, nais. Desire, wish.
gestion. Nipis, ka!Hf)i- Hiinness,

K— san.
Ningas.
slend(»rness.
Flarn(\
Kamuraan. Tender/ ^e.^s. Ningning. (Jlitter. ,
 ..

p Kapanaghi- p]nvy
lian.
I'alad, kapa- Fortune, fate, Kapayapflan, Peace
laran. goodhu^k, katanimil<an
hiek. Kapayatan. Leannes,
Pintas, pula. Censure, blame. Kaf)utian. Whiteness.
Pulutong, Troop. Kapahmga'san. Roasting.
liukbo. Kapabayt\an. Forlornness,
Pukto. Division, depart- abandonment.
njent. Kapangyari- Power, faculty,
Panaginip, pa- Dream. ban. authority.
ngarap. Kapangahasan. Boldness, auda-
Panata. \ Ovv. ciousness.
Pitik. Fillip. Kapisanan. Society.
Piral ; kurot. Pineh; ni{). Kapatawanin. Pardon, forgive-
PustaJian. B(*t, wager. ness.
Pan<£awan. Stocks for pu- Kapanabunan. Time; oceassion.
nishment. Kapangitan. Ugliness, defor-
Pakinabang. Profit, benefit, mity.
utility. Kapaslangan. Hurt, abuse, ill-

Pahintuk)t. Permission. treatment.

Piging. Bi»nquet. Kapusukan. Heat of temper;
Panatili, pana- Perseverance. fieri ness.
natili. Kaparangala- Vanity, ostenta-
f^inambitan, Dirge, a (ioleful- nan. tion.
{)ananambi- <litty. Kapanintuhaii. Profession.
tan.
Panihalii. Disposition. p p
Parusa. Punishment. Pagpapatotoo. Afiirming, as-
'

Fakh, sagol. Reply. sertion.

Pagpapaalam, Leave-taking;
paalam. farewell.
K P Equality.
Pagpapataspa-
Kapasiyahan, Resolution, de- tas, kapata-
san; pagka-
pasiya. termination,
kaalas, pag-
decision.
kakatumbas.
Kapalaluan. Haughtiness, Pagpiipugot. Beheading, de-
. pride. capitation.
 . . . . s
-52-

Pagpapasyal» Walk,
pasyal.
Salik, linam- Substance, es-
Ptigpipisan. Addition.
nam. sence.
Pagkakapisan Meeting.
Simbuyo. Passion.
Pagpaparami. Multiplication.
Saad. Inform atioiiY"^
Pamimintuh6. Veneration; ho-
report.
mage.
Saknong. Task.
Pagpuri; pag' Praise.
SagasA, yurak. Trampling.
pupuri
Siiig, kasiligan. Transcendency.
Sanggop. Treatise.
K~R Sayaw, Dancing.
Karangalan. Honor, dignity. Siste, bird. Joke.
Saksak ngsi^o; Blow with the
Karamutan Parsimcny, ava-
rice. sikil. elbow.

Karikitan, ka- Beauty. Suntok, dagok. Blow with th<

riktan, ka- shut fist.

gandahan. Suntok sa Blow in the face

Karay agan Outside, right mukha. with the clinched

fist.
side, face.
Karunsulau. Frequency. Snmahan. Association,

KarinKalan, Beautifulness; company.

dingal. magnificence. Siphay6. Reproach, insult,

Karagdagan, Supplement; censure.

dagdag. addition ; in- Sum pa, tunga- Curse.

crease. yaw.
Karapatan, Merit; right.
Karampatan. Justice, right,
equity.
K—
Karilagan, xJk- Lustre, noble-
Kasiyahan. Temperance.
Ug- ness.
Kasipagan, si- Diligence, acti
Karuwagan. Cowardice.
pag. vity.
Earasikan. Rigorous justice.
Karumihan. Dirtiness, nasti- Kasayahan, ka- Merriment, re
ness. tuwaan. joici ng, glad
Karukhdan. Poverty, indi- ness.
gence. Kasinungali- Falsehood, lie.

Karamihan. Multitude; ngan, ka-

most. bulaandn.
 ; ; ; .

—53^
Kasusian, kasi- Solicitude, head. Pagsasalita, sa- Speaking, talk.
nupan, smop; lita. ing, talk.
Kasalatan. Scantiness, scar- Pagsasabi Saying, telling.
city. Pagsundd, pag- Obedience.
Kaselangan, Delicateness, de- talima. ,
|-

licacy. Pagsuway. Disobedience;

Kasukalan ng Grief. default.
loob, suk:4.1 Pagsisiyasat. Investigation.
ng loob. Pagsusuri. Inquiry, exami^
Kasagutan, Answer, reply- nation.
sagot, Pagsusulit. Examination.
Kasalanan Sin; guilt; fault. Pagsamba, pa- Worship.
sala; kalin- nanamba.
silan, Pagsasamahan. Society.
Kaeisihan. Reprimand. Pagsa^amahan Companionship,
Kasigasigan, Activity, fellowship.
sigasig. Pagsusuwail, Rebellion; re-

Kasigingan. Vigor, energy. belliousness;

Kasaran.uan, Reason. kasuwailan, contumacy.
katuwiran. Pananampala- Faith.
Kasuuyan. Proportion. taya*
Kasiyasipan. Judiciousnes; P'anunumpa. Oath.
prudence; Pagsulong. Improvement,
wisdom progress.
judgment. Pagkakiisundo. Concord, har-
Kasainahan. Communion mony, agree-
ment.
community.
Pagkasira» pag- Destruction; un-
Kasamaan» Badness, wicked-
sir[\. doing.
sama. ness, evil.
Pasiya, hak^. Opinion.
Kasakimaan, Calamity.
Pasiya. Resolution.
Kasawian, sa- Misfortune, dis-
kuna. grace; adver-
sity.
KasundiiHn. Treaty,
Takot. Fear, dread.
Kasakiman. Ambition,
covetousness. Taas. Height,
Tanda. Sign, mark»
Tawa. Laugh.
P~S Taliwak^9,pag- Retractation,
Pagsinta. Love. taliwakas.
 . — . . ; ;

Tnnorjg, pngta- Qu(\sti()n, inter- KatarunAan. Justice.

Don^, rogation. Katuwiran. Right; reasoii
Talinghaga, M(Maphor; (Miig- justice.
HaiTil)ingay. nia parable;
;
Katibayan. Document; cer-
allegory. tificate.
1'il)nn, tipaiian. Pact, con<*ert. Kativvasayan, Tranquility,
agn^oment. katahimikan. quietude; re-
Tangka., Purpose; pro- pose.
mise». Katiwasayan Forbearance.
Tika; " Purp( se. nA loob.
Taning. Term. Katalnuin. Fatness.
Taf)()g, pnj^ta- Grumbling. Kataasan. Height,
bog. Kataasan, ka- Pride.
Taki)iihan. Running. taasar\'g
Tagubilin, T(\stament. l()ob; kalang-
tipan. haan. '

Tdkso, Temptation. Katandcuin, ka- Oldage.

Tub(\ pakina- (lain. lakayan.
hang. Katotohanan. Truth, veracity.
Tuyot, gutoin. Famine. Katunayan* Truth, sincerity.
1'ipoiv. Colh^ction, com- Katibayan ng Fortitude.
pilcMiient. loob.
Tungkulin, Obligation, Katapatan'g Faithfulness.
kautangan. <Iuty.
loob.
Tae, takU- Dirt, oxcrcunent,
Katipunan. (Congregation
soil, waste.
society.
Tubuhfin, I^jantation of
Katuusan» pag- Liquidation, ba-
sugar-(uine.
tutuos, lance.
Tuligsa. ('ritique, cen-
sure, criticism. Katinuan. Prudence, wis-
Tayba, pata- Proof. dom .

nay. KataJinuhan. Enlightenment.

Katigagalan, Indolence.
K -T pagkatigagal

Katakawan, (iluttony.
Katamaran. Laziness.

k^ihh. KatanuFan, ka- Equity, right,

Kataksilan Treachery, trea- tuwiran. justice.

(^horouaness. Katubusan. Redemption

 . .

•55-

Kalalasan ng Talent, abilit'u^s, Paniniwala. Belief.

isip, katari- Paninirahan, Residence.
npiri. pananahanan.
Katapangan, Valorousness, Pagtitiyaga. Constance.
tapang. courage, va- PagtanAis, pa- Act of weeping;
lor; bravery.
nanangis. weeping.
Katunj^kulan Em pi o}' merit, Pagtulak. Pushing; im-
dignity, ofH(»e, pulse; pressing
obligation; forward.
post. Piitakbuhan, Race, racing.
Katat^alar), Duration, last-
tagal. ingness. u
Katamisan, Sweetness.
Upasala, pag- Ba(ik biting,
tamiH.
uupasala. slandering.
Upa, kaupahaii. Salary, wages,
P--T pa.y^

Pagtuya; pag- Ulat, Report; in<ui]-

Flattery; adu-
hib5; pang- cation.
lation.
hihibo. Usapin, gawid. Law-suit, liti-

J^agtawag, gation.
Call, the act of
calling.
Usap. Altai r.

Paji^tatawag, Proclamatioj),
Utang. Debt.

balaod, pa- Utos. Comn)and.

mahayag. IJdyok. Incitalion, in-
citement.
Pagtitipid, ka- Economy.
tipinin. Uhaw. Thirst.

Pagtatagubilin, Recommenda- Ugali. Custom.

tagubilin, pa- TJgali, kabatu- Habit,
. tion.
manhik. nan. J

P^agtatwa, pag- Negation, d(s

taiiggi. nial.
Pagtakwil. Rejection, refu- Kaugalian (Ceremony
sal. Kauntian. Littleness, sraall-

Pagkatotoo, Certainness, ness.

katunayan. certainty, Kautusan. Ordinance; law.

certitude.
p -u
J'agkakatiwal^, Trust.
pagtitiwalii. Pag-unlad, ka- .Progress; ad.
 . ;

-56-

unlaran; pag- vancement, P---W

kak^unlad,
Pag-wawarL Opinion; seem
pagkakasu-
ing.
long.
Pag-wawaldas. Embezzlement,
Pag-uronsr, Retrocession, re-
misappropria
pagkakau- trogression
tion.
rong.
Pagwawaldn 2: - Indifference
Pangungusap* Speech; sen-
bahal^. negligence.
tence.
Pagkavvili. Willingness;
Pag-usig, Persecution/
inoliniition;
Pag-uulok. Seduction; ins
affection.
ligation.
Pagkawalang- Innocence,
Pag-uukoL ukol. Proportion; ac
sala, kawa-
comodation.
langmalayan.
Pag-ualat. Inculcation;
Pagwiwisik, Sprinkling,
report.
pagwiwilig,
Pag-urali. Persuasion.
dilig.
Pag-upat, pang Inducement.
uupat.
Pag-uyam. Sarcasm.
Pag-uroy,]pagli- Scoff, mocking. Yarl. Make; work;
bak made.
Yabang, kaya- Fanfaronade,
w bangan. boast, brag.
Yakap, yapos. Hug, embrace.
Wakas. End.
Wigwig, Delay, protrac-
tion; subter-
fuge. Kayarian, Form of a work,
pagkagawd.
K- -W
KawaUn. Lack. P --Y
Kavvik^an, ka- Adage, proverb. Pangyayari; Case; event;
fiabihan, sa- pagkapang- occurrence.
lawikSiin. yayari.
Kawastflan. Correctness. Pagyao. Going; de-
Kawakasiin, Conclusion, end, parture.
wakas. close. Pagyay^, Call, act of ia-^
Kdwanihan. ^ Oflfice. yakag. viting.
 . .

—57-

XVII. Pangaralfin. Pulpit.

Palayfin. Rice- field.
y[ga namang Frequentative
Pliguan. Bathing-place.
pangkaninsa- nouns^ fre-
Pfimunuan. Office of the
JaUy siignong quentative .ad-
chief.
pangkarunsit' jectives^ etc.
P^'inatnugutan Director's office;
Ian, ath.
directory.
Pamilihan. Market.
MGA NAxMANG PANGKARUN-
SULAN. =
FREQUENTATIVE Patahian.
Pintugan.
Tailor's shop.
Store store-
NOUNS. ;

house, ware-
Afiinan, irasan. Salt-pit, ?alt-
house.
mine. Pusalifin. Quagmire;
Bulhugan. Hole through muddy place.
which letters Sagingan. Plantation of
are thrown plane-trees,
into the post- banana-plan-
office. tation.
Sabsaban. Pasture-ground.
Kakawan Plantation of
Sabungan. Cock -pit.
chocolate-
Tindahan. Store, small
trees. store.
Kalabasahan. Ground planted
with pump-
Bibitayan. Place where cri-
kins or
minals are
gourds.
hanged; gal-
Kamotihan. Plantation of lows.
kamotes. Kakanfin. A feeding trough
Kapihan. Plantation of for fowls and
other animak.
coflfee-trees.
Hihigan. Bed, couch, a
Kalihim n. Secretary's of-
place of rC'
fice. pose.
Dimuhan. Land full of Lalagyan Place where
grass. something is
Ikmuhan. Plantation of put. ^

betels. Sisidlan. Vase, tumbler,

[ngatgami- Treasury, or similar
ngan, inga- thing, where
tan'g-yaman. something is
Maisan, Maize-field, In- put in.
dian corn field.
Pagupitan. Barber's shop.
 -58-
Kinatitisurat) F^lace where they iMagalitfn. Fretful.
are accusto- Masfgawin. Vociferous.
med to stum- Masagutin Giving answer?
ble. constantly.
Kiuahdhulu- Place where peo- iVTasintahin. Loving, affectio-
gan, ple are accus- nate.
tomed to fall. Matawanfn, Smiling.
Mawilihin. Amateur;
Pagabitayan. Place where cri- willing.
minal are
hanged.
Malilimutin» Forgetful;
Pagabinyagan * Place where
the sacrament Malulugdin. Merry, joyful.
of baptism is Malalagnatin. Propense to fe-
administered. vers.
Pagagimilan. Laboratory. Masasaktin. Sickly.
Pagahinawan- A place where Matatakutin. Fearful, timo-
they wash
rous.
their hands.
Pagahuwayan. A place where Matutulugln. Sleepy person.
they rest; a
place of
Mag-aasin. Salter.
recess.
Pagapatiayan. Slaughter- Magdaramo. Grass-seller.
house. Magbabangka, Boatman, ferry
Pagasayawan. Dancing-place. man.
Magkakaha. Compositor (in
M(5a SUGNONG PANGKA printing).

RUNSULAN. ==^FREQUENTA Magkokotse. Coachman.

TIVE ADJECTIVES, Magtatabako. Tobai^cconist.
Magsaslakd. Farmer,
lyakin. Crying with lit-
Magpapalayok* Potter.
tle cause.
Panibughiiin. Jealous. mangdadaba.
Piyuhin. Gouty. Maglalangis. Oil-man.
Tiyanin. Big-bellied. Magmamana, Heir; heiress
manahanin, (female)
MaawMn. Compassionate, Mag-iikmo. Betel-seller.
merciful.
Magnanakaw* Robber, thief.
Maibigfn, Anxious, long-
Maf];h«ha]aga. Appraiser.
ing; capri-
cious. Maglalagarl og Sawer or sawyer-
Mairugin. Affectionate. manglalagari.
 -59'

Mangangakad, Hunter, Mananagum- Triumphant

mangangaso. pay, tagum- victorious,
Manggagaw^. Laborer, work- payanin conquering
man. magwawagi,
Manggagapas. Reaper, harves- waginhin.
ter. Mananahfr Taylor.
Mangingisda, Fisher-man. Mananahing- Seamstress.
mamamala- babai.
kay4, Mananagalog. Tagalist.
Mangbububo. Melter, founder, Mamimilipino, Philippinist.
caster. mamimilipin-
Mangdirigma. Warrior. hin.
Manggigiba. Demolisher. Manunulta, Writer.
Manggagamot. Physician. M^ninitik. A man.
literary

Manggagaod Rower. .
Mgamaninitik. Literary men, li-
Manggagam- Industrial, terati.

lang. Manunula. Poet; poetess

Mangliahabi, Weaver. (female).

manglalala. Mamamahandi, Economist, fi-

Manglilimbag. Printer. bahandihanf n , nancier

ManghuhuU. Prophet; sooth- Mamamald. Whipper.
sayer. Mariinin^, ma- Dyer.
Manglalal k
i . Turner. nanayom.
Manglililok . Sculptor carver.
;
Manananim. Sower.
Mangdiribuho. Drawer. Manunukso. Tempter.
Manghihibol, Painter. Manunurl; ta- Investigator,
Manghuhuli. Catcher one who ;
gapagsuri, ta- examiner.
apprehends. gasuri.

Mang-uukit. Engraver. Manunuligsa. Critic, censurer.

Mangbabasa. Reader. Manananggol. Lawyer; advo-

Manglalakd, Peddler. cate.

maglalakd.
Maniningil. Collector. Mapag-aksaya. Squanderer.
Mananakop, Savior. Mapagbiyay^. Bountiful, libe-
ral.
Tagapagligtas.
Redeemer. Mapagbal Jt . Threatener
Manunubos.
Victor, van- Mapagbintang. Imputer.
Mananalo,
quisher; win- Mapagmasid, Observer.
ner. Mapagkandili . Protector
 —60—
Mapagkupkop. Proteclor, hos- Tagapaglaba'. Laundorer,
pitaller. i
washer;
Mapagpalay^. Liberator. laundresi^
Mapagpanagi- Dreamer. (fejDole)
#
nip. Tagapagtang- Defender.
Mapagpalaya w Fondler. gol.
Mapagpatubo. Usurer. Tagapagsaysay. Declarer.
Mapagsiinn- Denunciator. Tagapagsayod. Definer.
bong. Tagapaglutd, Cook.
Mapagsaway. Contravener, tagapangusi-
transgressor. n^.
MapagsiihoL Suborner. Tagapagsaing. Rice-cook.
lagapagsiya- Inspector.
Mapanghibo/ Flatterer, fawn- sat.
er, soother. Tagapag-usis&. Supervisor; in-
Mapaninta. Lover, quirer.
Mapanir^ng- Defame r, libel- Tagasulat. Amanuensis, a
puri. ler. clerk.
Mapamintas. Blamer. Tagapaiiulat. News- writer, re-

"^*"'^'''*^ porter.
"^ Tagapamili.
Tagaakay. Guide, leader. Purchaser,
Tugahatol. Sentencer. Tagapamahala ^'^erson assum-
Tagaingat, ta- Keeper. ing the ma^
pag-ingat. nagement of a
Tagabili. Buyer. thing.
Tagatanod. vShepherd; Tagapamatnu- Director.
guarder, got, tagapat-
guardian. nugot.
Tagapagbatas, Legislator. Tagapangasiwa Manager, admi-
.

niangbabatag . nistrator.
Tagapagbili.
c:7A cj
Seller, vender.
Tagapagban- Watcher, guard
Palaanito, Idolater-
tay, bantay.
Tagapag-am- Palabathala* Deist.
Protector ; hos-
Palariw^, pa- Spiritist,
pon. pitaller.
laispiritii.
Tagapagkan- Protector. Palariwkon, Spiritualist
dili. palaispiritu-
Tagapagbayad. Payer, paymas- hon.
ter. Palainom. Drinker.
 .

~61^

Palasinta. Lover, wooer. Bungangkan. A wide-mounth-

Palasugal. Gambler. ed person;
Palaiisap. Barrator, encou- gabbler, prat-
rager of law- tler.

suits. Labian. Large-lipped.

Taingahfia. Long-eared, flap
eared.
MCiA IBANG URI NG MGA Uluhan. Large-headed.
NAMA AT MGA SUGNO.=^
OTHER CLASSES OF NOUNS
Taga-Kawit, Native of Ka-
AND ADJECTIVES.
kawitnin. wit.
Buwanan. Monthly. Taga-Kabite, Native of Ka-
Xingguhan, se- Weekly. kabitinhin. bite, kabite-
manahan nian
PangarawaiK Daily n e w s -
Taga-Bakood, Native of Ba-
paper, our- bakoodnin. Bakoor.
nal. Taga-Kapis, Native of Ka^-
Pfihayagfiiu Newspaper. kapisnin. pis. Kapisian
MantalS'an. Review. Taga-Kalibo, Native of Kalibo,
Sandatahan, Weaponed, kalibunhin.
armed. Taga-Aklan, Native of Aklan.
Balutian. A man armed aklanon.
with a coat of Taga-Kagayan, Native of Kaga-
mail. kagayanon. yan.
Utusan. Mandatary. Taga-Bulakan, Bulakenian.
bulakanmin,
Agingayin. Sometirg resem- Taga-Palawan, Palawanian.
bling the color palaw.anon.
of agiflgay Taga-Minda- Inhabitant of
read -grass. naw, minda- Mindanaw.
Abuhfn. Ash -colored.
nawanin
Talisayin. A cock whose
feathers re- Taga-Maynil&. Manilan.
semble the maynil^anin,
color of ta/ my maniRnin.
tree and its
Taga-Mindoro, Mindorenian.
leaves.
A mindoroha-
Mistisuhin. person looking
like mestho. nln.
 —62-
Malabathal^, Godlike, Akademya. Academy.
bathal^in. Akademyahon. Academic, aca-
Malaangel, an- Angelical; an- demical.
gilon. gel-like. Akademyanhin Academician,
.

Malamandk. Galling ceans. academist.

Malarayap. Lemon-like. Biy6grap6 Biographer,
Malagatas. Milk-like. Biyograpnhan. Biography.
Biyograpuha- Biographical.
non.
Babainin. Damsel -like, ef- Botanihan. Botany.
feminate Botanihon. Botanic, botani-
man. cal .

Laiakinin . Virago, a mas- Botaninhin, Botanist.

culine wo- mangbobota-
man. nf.

Kimyahan. Chemistry.
Kiniyahon. Chemical.
Magnit. Magnet, load- Kimyanhin, Chemist.
stone. mangki-
Palamagnitan. Magnetism. kimya.
Palaulnungan. Socialism. Kriminon. Relating to cri-

Palalamaan. Commonism. me; criminal,

Palaanituhan. Idolatry, not civil.
Kirurgo. Chirurgeon, sur-
Palariw^an. Spiritism.
geon.
Palariwkurian. Spiritualism.
Kirurguhan. Chirurgery, sur-
Palarogmahan. Dogmatism.
gery.
Palarinamisan. Dynamics.
Kirurguhon Chirurgic, chi-
Palateknihan. TechniQg. 1 * 1
kirurguha- rurgical;
non. surgical.
Diploma. Diploma.
Diplomnsya. Diplomacy.
Alkimya, Alchemy.
Diplomasya- Diplomatic.
Alkimyanhin, Alchemist. hon.
Algebra. Algebra. Diplomasyan- Diplomatist.
Algebrahon. Algebraic, alge- hin.
braical
Etimologohan Etymology.
Ebangelyo. Gospel.
Anatomihan. Anatomy.
Ebangelyuhon. Evangelical.
Anatomihanon Anatomical,
.
Ebangelyunhin . Evangelist; goe-
Anatominhin Anotomist. peller.
 -68-

Ensiklopedya. Encyclopedia, Optisnin. Optician.

Encyclopedy. Parmasya. Pharmacy.
Ensiklopedya- Encyclopodian.
non. Parmasyahan. Pharmaceutics.
Ensiklopedyau Encyclopedist. Parmasyahon. Pharmaceutic,
hin. pharmaceuti-
Geodesya. Geodaesia, geo- cal.
desy. Parmasyanhin. Pharmacist.
Geodesy ahon. GeodeticaL Parmakologo- Pharmacology.
Hidr6grap(5. han.
Hydrographer.
Parmakolo- Pharmacologist.
HidrcSgrapu- Hydrography. gonhin,
han Parmakopea. Pharmacopoeia.
Hidrograpuha- HydrographicaL Potograpo. Photographer.
non. Potdgrapuhan. Photograph.
Hidrometro. Hydrometer. Potograpuha- Photograpic.
Hidrometru- Hydrometry. non,
han. Pisisan. Physics.
Higrometro. Hygrometer. Pisison, pisi- PhysicaL
Higrometru- Hygrometry. sanin.
han. Pisisnin, Physician ; na-
Huriskonsulto. Jurisconsult. mamimisis, turalist.
Hurispantae. Jurisprudent. manghaham-
Hurispanta- Jurisprudence. b6.
san. Pildlogo. Philologer, phi-
Hurisnia, Jurist. ,
lologist.
manghuhu- Pilologohan. Philology.
ris. Pisyologo, pis- Physiologer,
Litograpo. Lithographer. yologonhin. physiologist.
Litograpuhan, Lithography. Pisyloogohfin. Physiology.
Litograpuha- Lithographic. Ponograpuhan. Phonography.
non, lito- Soologo. Zoologist.
graphanin» Soologohan. Zoology.
Midisina. Medicine; phy- Sosyologohan. Sociology.
sic. Sibil. Pertaining to a
Midisinahon, Medical. citizen or so-
panamidisina ciety.
Midisinanhiu. Physician. Siglo. Century.
Manp;inAirmi- An author who Tele^rapo. Telegraph.
non, krimi- has written on Tipograpo, Printer, typo-
nunmin. criminal mat- grapher.
ters. Tipograpuhan, Typography.
Magistrado. Magistrate. limbagan.
Magistraduhan. Magistracy. Tipograpuha- Typographical.
Optiean Optics. non.
Optison. Optic, optical. Teleskopyo. Telescope.
 . . . .

—64—
Teologo, teolo- Theologist, Di-kabildnin. m partial.
gonhin. theologian. Salanhin, sal a- Criminal, a
Teologohan. Theology.
rin. guilty person
Teologohanon. Theological
teologhanin. Pithuanfn, pa- Idealist.
Telepono. Telephone. lapitho.
Teknologohan. Technology.

Makabansa. Nationalist. Pagka-kabila- Partiality.

Makapilipiiio. Filipinist, Phi-
nin.
lippiniBt.
Makaameri- Americanist. Pagka-di- Impartiality.
kano. kabil&nin.
Makabanwa. Patriot, Makasalanan» Sinner.
Makabayan. Patriot; patrio- Makatarungan. Just.
tic; democrat.
Makatuwiran Rightful, reason-
.

MakamahacUi- Aristocrat.
ka. able,

Pagkamaka- Nationalism. XVill

bansa, kama-
kabans^an.
Mga "^sugnong Descriptive adjec-
Pagkamakapi- Filipinism, Phi-
lipino, kama- lippinism.
pangkabaga- tives^ verbal

kapilipinii- ydUy badyaon adijectivesy and

han. at pangtiyak. iMiting
Pagkamaka- Americanism. adjectives.
amerikano.
kamakaame-
rikanuhan.
Pagkamaka- Patriotism
banwa,kama- Alisaga, anya- Idle.
kabanwahan y^.
Pagkamakaba- Patriotism de- ; Aksip. ; Equal; a pair,
yan, kamaka- mocracy; love couple,
bayanan. of democracy. Alas, kaalas. Equal.
Pagka-maka- Love of aristo-
mahadlika, cracy.
ka-makama- B
hadlikdan.
Buhay. Living; alive.
Bukod. Private, parti-
Lintaw. Cruise. cular.
Lintawanin. Corsair, cruiser. Bantog. Celebrated, fa-
KabiUanin, Partial mous; remark-
kabil&rin. able .
 . . .

-65-

Bunyl. Illustrious, cele- Kulot. Curly, curled.

brated . crisp, crispy.
Bago, New; modern. Kasakitsakit. Sorrowful, pain
Bigia. Sudden. fuL
Bingaw. Notched. Kaunti. Few; little.

Buhaghag. Spongy, porous. Kanan. Right.

fungous. Kaliwa. Left.
Banayad, Mild, gentle. Kaliwete, kali- - Left-handed.
Batu^an. Idle, idler, waon.
Babasagin. Brittle. ,
Kimaw. Handless.
Banal. Saint, holy, sa- Kunwari, pa- Apparent, not
cred, pious. kunwarl; real.

just, virtuous. liindi tahas.

Baguhan, Novel. Kapw^. Fellow-being.

Basag. Broken; frac- Kamahalma- Sacred.
tion. halan, bandl .

Bakog. Curved, a curve

line. D
Bughaw. Blue.
Bantulot. Irresolute. Dukhft, mahi- Poor, indigent
Butihin. A beautiful per- rap.
son affec-
; Duwag, Coward
tedly nice in Dakiia. Great; magnifi
dress. cent.
Bas&. Wet. Darating, Future, coming
Buktot, Unjust. Dulingas, Precipitate, im
Bulaan. Liar. prudent.
Buhong. Criminal. Dungo. Timid.
Duk6, tunggak Dull. ,

Dalisay. Pure; sincere.

Kayumanggi. Brown
Kaayaaya, ka- Delicious, pleas-
G
lugodlugod. ing.
delightful.
Garil, utaL Stammering,
stuterer.
Kulang. Insufficient, de-
ficient.
Gising. Awake.
Katapusan Final; conclu- Gibang, may Half-witted,
.,
sive. pagkauloL foolish.
 —()({-

(ransal, hiadi Odd, unev(Mi.

aksip, liindi
tnkoL Lubos, Complete, per-
fect.
^
NG Lasing, langcS. Intoxicated,
drunken.
Ngiwi. \Vry-!!K)u(he(l liaon, luma. Old, stale.
Lagalag, lay as* Vagabond.
H Lubha, labis. Excesive,
superfluous.
tlarnbd/ Natural. Lubhang-ma- Very large, very

Flangal, ungas. Foolish; stupid; laki. big.

injudicious. Lubha ng-da- Very great.

Hamak, bulisik. Despicable, kiU.
worthless, Lubhang-maliit. Very little, very
vile, abject, small.
(contemptible. Luntiyan, berde. Green (color)
llumal. Snuffling. Lusaw. Liquid.
Hilo. Blunderer, Lupakay&. Inutile.
blunderhead. Lanta, looy. Wilted.
Hingkod. Hipshot; lame. Lampawhambo. Supernatural.
Halohalo. Mixed.
Hilaw, hindi Crude, raw. M
luto,
Hilaw% bubot. [Jnrij)e, green. Mahal. Dear,
Hampaslup^. Vagrant, vaga- Maang, tanga. Stupid, simple,
bond. silly.

Hinog. Ripe. Mangmang. Ignorant, un*

Halumigmig. Damp, humid. learned.
Mura. Cheap.
I Mura. Green.
Madia. Many; several;
fga. Dry, evaporated. various.
Iba, ibapa. Other; another. Mali, hidwa. Wron»'.
Isapa. Another; one
more,
[lag, ilas. Shy; separated,
distant.
Iba, balaki, ba- Different, un- Pantay, patag. Ev(^n, level.
labalaki. like, distinct. '
Patas. Equal.
 . A
—67—
Piint[i8. Wise; learned. Tunay. Evident, cer-
Paliain. Very wise, very tain, true.
learned. Tulig. Harebrained,
Paiidak. Dwarfish, low. giddy.
Palalo. Proud, haughty. Tuy6. Dry.
Pisak ang isiing One-eyed. Tahas. Real; clear;
mat a. ^ pure.
Pah was.
i Oblique. Taal. Neat..
Payak. Simple. Tangi. Special.
Pipi. Dumb; silent. Tiyak. Fixed.
Pangit. Ugly. Tambaas. Frank,
Patay. Dead. Tahimik. Quiet; still.

Pabaya, Careless, negli- Tamad. Lazy.

gent. Tigagal Indolent.
Payat. Lean, thin.
Pino, tanak. Fine.
Pangahas. Daring, auda-
cious, bold. U161, baliw. Crazy, mad.
Pitho; inithi. Ideal. Urong-sulong. Irresolute, un-
Piino, pnspos. FulL decided.
Piispos. Complete. Ulian. Doting.

w
5alaul&. Indecent. Wagas. Pure.
Salawahan. Voluble, incons- Walanghang- Eternal, endless,
tant, fickle. gan. everlasting,
3an, santo, Saint, infinite.

ganta. Waldnghiya. Shameless.

3akang. Bandy-legged. Walat. Destroyed.
?ungayan. Horned. Wasto, tumpak. Correct; right.
Jinungaliiig. False, liar.

Yasang, tuyo. Dry.

Tukol, aksip. Even.

Totoo. True, real, M—
sincere,
veritable. Maalat. Salty.
 . B . - . . , ;

-68-

Maalam. Learned. Makinis. Smooth.

Maantak- Painful, sore. Makunat. Ductile.
Maamo. Meek, gentle, Makapal. Thick.
mild. Makatas, maga - Juicy.
Maasim. Sour. tas.

Maaw^in. Compassionate, Makapangyari- Powerful

merciful han.
Maalab. Inflamed. Makamandag. Poisonous.
Maayos. Methodical, with Makuyad, ma- Slow.
order. bagal.
Maaninag, Transparent, Makitid. Narrow.
limpid. Makipot. Narrow {Speak-
Maanta, Rancid. ing about
holes.)

M— Makislap, ma-
kinang.
Brilliant, lus-
trous.

Mabab^, Low.
Mabuti, Good.
M- D
Mabangis, ma- Cruel; tyranni-
Madalana Rare.
bagsik. cal; tyrant.
Madalas- Frequent; quick
Mabaft. Prudent; vir- Madilim. Dark.
tuous. Mad u las Slippery.
Mabango. Odoriferous, Madilaw% ma- Yellow-
rilaw.
Mabilog, Round.
Madali. Quick, prompt.
Mabaho. Fetid, stinking.
Magdaraya, m^i- Deceitful; chea-
•

Mabaraw. Brave. raya. ter; deceiver

Mabato. Stony, rocky. Madirihin, ma- Nauseous.
Mabalahibo Hairy, downy. siiklamin.
Mabagal Slow.
Maramdamin. Sentimental
sensible; nen-
Mabab^ng-loob, Humble,
sensitive.
pakumbaba. submissive.
Mabigat. Heavy. M -Q
Mapagbigay Indulgent.
-

loob. Magaang. Light; easy.

Magaling. Excellent;
good;
M K tuous.
vir-

Magaslaw. Restless.
Makisig. Genteel; gallant; Magalaw. Restless.
elegant. Magaspang, Coarse
 . . ; .

-69-

Magalang. Respectful, reve- M

rent.
Mairog.
Magalangin. Respectful
Magulang. Old; parent.
Mainit.
Maginaw. Cold.
Maigi. VJUUU.
Maginawin. Chilly, very sen^
Mainam. '
Good; fine; de
sible of cold.
licious.
Magalas, maga- Rough.
Maitim Black.
lasgas. Brief; short.
Maiklt.
Magal^k. Glad, rejoicing.
Maigsi. Short.
Maganda, mari- Beautiful, hand Mailap. Shy; wild.
kit. some Mapang-iring. Scornful.

M -H M-- L

Mahab^, Long. Malabo. Vluddy.

Mahayap. Tall or long and Malakas. Strong*
well shaped Malabnaw. Liquid.
(any part of Malangha. Proud.
body). Malamang. Advantageous.
Mahawna. Tall and well Malaman. Fleshy, carnous;
shaped (the pulpous.
body). Malaki. Large; big.
Mahirap-gawin, Difficult, hard, Malagkit. Clingy, sticky,
mabigat, mal i- arduous. glutinous.
wag. Malambot Soft.
Mahirap, Hard, painful Malamig. Cool.
poor. Malapad. Wide.
Mahanghang, Piquant. Malapot. Thick, con-
maanghang. densed.
Mahink. Weak. Malapyd, ta- Flat.

Mahinft, ang Weak-hearted. lapyd.

loob. malanday.
Mahinhin. Modest. Maliit. Small.
Mahalaga. Valuable, pre Malibog. L^wd.
cious. Malinifl. Clean; pure.
MapanghingI, Graver. Mahgdong. Formal; cir

palahingl. cumspect.
 . . . .

—70—
Malukong. Concave, liollow. Marahas. Rigorous; brave.
Malungkot. Sorrowful, sad. Maralitd. Poor, indigent.
Malum buy. Sorry. Maramot. Avaricious.
Main wag. Loose. Marikit, masan- Pretty.
Malinvang. Broid. ^ ting.
Marunjl;is. Spott}^ speckled.
M.-N Marumf, Dirty.
Marunong. Learned; intelli-
Man i pis. Thin. gent.
ManinUas. Ardent, fervent'.

Maningning. Glittering.
Mapagnasfi. Desirous, ,
M--S
longing.

MP Ma say a. Merry,
content.
ji)yful,

Mas amy o. Fragrant, odori

Mapanglaw. Sad*
ferous.
Mapalad mali- Happy
,

Masarap. Savoury.
gaya. I

Masan)&. Bad.
Mapait. Bitter.
Masai itfi. Talkative,
Mapubi. Red.
talking.
Maputik, niaa- Muddy.
Maeakft. Sore>
labwah.
Masalik. Nutritive, subs:
Mapusyaw. Deadened color.
tancial.
Mapitagan Respectful
Masanling. Moral.
Mapitagan, ma- Polite, cour-
Masidhaya. Eloquent.
galang, maa- teous,
Masidha, Perfect.
lang-alang.
Masigasig. Active,
Mapamansag, Boastful
Masipag. Diligent, labo-
palangas.
rious.
Mapagparang- Vainglorious.
Masikap. Diligent.
ya.
Masirib. Intelligent,
Maputt. White.
Masiyasip, mai- Judicious, pru-

M-R sip. den>t.

Masikip. Tight, close.

Marangal. Honorable; ho- Masanghil. Strict, rigorous.
nest. MasiSnurin. Obedient, sub-
Marilag. Illustrious, ho- missive.
norable. Masnwayin. Disobedient.
 . ; . .

-71 —
M-T M -U
Mutaas. High, elevated Mauban. Hoary, gray-
talk headed.
Matayog, Tall. Maulfin. Rainy, showery.
Mafcarik. Steep. Maustip. Inclined to law-
Mataring, niii- Bright, talented- suits, given to
talimo. law-suits.
Matalino. Enlightened. Mautang. Debtor of a great
Matino. Judicious, pru- deal.
dent^ wise. Maunti^ munti. Little.

Matapaiig. Brav#, valiant.

Mat aba. Fat; greasy. M~Y
Matimtiman, Discreet.
tiintiman. ^layahang. Boasting, vaunt'
Matambok Bulky. ing.

Matakaw. Ghitton, a great Mayuini» Soft, mild,

eater. meek.
Matalitn, mata- Sharp. MayunK Tender, delicate;
las. mild.
Matulis. Sharp- pointed. Mayanian. Rich.
Matulin, mabi- Swift.
lie,

Mali bay. Strong, solid. Baak, sip^k. Cloven.

Matigfis. Hard. Bawal Forbidden.
Matin ing na Serene. Bihis, maysuot. Clad.
loob. BinigwasAn, hi- Shapen
Matinis. Sonorous, har- nugisan.
Binuntal, In- Stricken.
monioua.
Matinip. Serious.
nam pas,
Dl-binyagan. Infidel, pagan.
Matarong. Just. Di-mabilang. Innumerable,
Matuwid. Right; gtraighf. numberless.
Matanua. Sweet. Di-madalita, Insufferable in-
Matipfd. .Economic. dl-madalumat tolerable.
Matundg. Sonorous. Di-marating, Inaccessible,
Matiisin. Patient. dt-malapitan.
MapanuyA. Flatterer.' Di-maraanan. Impassable.
Mapiigtunga- Cursing. Di-masabi, di"" Inexpressible.
yaw, palatu- maisaysay,
ngayaw. dt-maituring.
 -72—
Di-mabasa. Illegible. Namamagd. Swollen.
Di-masalang. Intangible, not Nakakain, su- Comestible, eat-
to be touched kat-makain. able.
Di-matarok. Unfathomable. Naiinitan, naa- Warm.
Di-matingkald, Incomprehen- alinsanga-
sible. nan.
Di-namumu- Unfruitful. Nagiginaw. Cold.
nga.
'
NahihiyA. Ashamed.
Ginasaan, bi- Chidden. Natiituwfi, nali -Joyful, glad,
nulas. ligaya. cheerful
Ginapas, gapas . Mown. NamiSmutiktik , Replete,
Ng'usiian Long-snouted, Nag-iisa. Alone; single.
blubber-lipp- Nagugutom, Hungry.
ed. Nauuhaw. Thirsty.
Hiniiigl, hinihi ^Bidden. Namamaos, na- Hoarse.
ngl, nauutos. mamalat.
Hindi patas; Unequal. Nayayamot, Weary
d!-patas yamot. ,

hiiidl-alas, di - Nakatay6ng- StiflF.

'
alas. matuwid, na- .

Hindt-paris, dl- Unlike. ninigas.

paris Nauukol. Belonging.
Inahitan. Shaven. natutungod.
Ipinanganak. Born. Patay. Dead.
Linagari. Sawn Pinasubo, luto. Sodden.
Makasd-samd, Noxious, hurt- Pinagkitan, Waxen.
nakasasam^ ful, mischiev- maypagkit.
makapa- ous. Sakay. Ridden.
panganyayi, Sunog, silab. Burnt.
nakapapa- Sunodsunod. Consecutive.
nganyayk. Tinagd, tinad- Hewn.
Maipagblbili, Saleable, tad.
sukat bilhin. marketable.
Maihahalal. Eligible.
Nababasa, su- Legible. Ang. The.
kat- mabasa. Ano? What?
Nakikita, litaw. Visible. Alin? Which?
Malililok, nauu- Graven. Alinman, ka- A.ny.
kit, nakikin- hiH ano, ka-
tal. hili alin.
 —73-
Ang tanan, ang The whole . • . Rnhnstnhan, Enough.
boong. . . . kaigihan, sa
ang sang, ... pit.
BawJi't, bawa't Each. Ga5^()n.. Such.
isa.. Ga\ Oil din. Same.
BawaH, lahat, Every. ibi. Other
Ifiluit ng. Ihi1i, kaunti. Some.
Bisan, balang- Either, neither. Ihin. A few.
na, alinman. Fsa. A, nn.
BiksA, bisan. Neither. Tsapa. Another.
CapwS, diiha. Both. liahat, tanan. All.
Kauntt. Few. Laldng inanimi More.
[araixiihan, Most. Marami. Many; much
ang lalong Wii]fi (wa- No.
ma rami. lang. . . . )

PAGLTLTNGAY NG MGA OAYLAS N(5 MGA NAMANG

PANGKALAAFAAN^DECLENSIO.V OF THE ARTICLES OF
COMMON NOUNS.
hminatunhin (.) {Nominative) Ana. The
^enituiihin. {Genitive) . . . . Ng, sji. . . . .Of the.
Oitfinhin. {Ditive). . . . . . Sa, para sa. To the, for the.
ikasatftnhin. {Acicsative). . . Ng, sa. .... The
{1ioJcfftanhin^=^ Vocative) .

'Ablifunhiii ng dahildn at liigdK

{G.iusal and Local Ablative). Sa For the, through
tlie, from the,
to the, at the,
in the, into
'

th^.
khlatiinhw vg siilyavg {Instrv- Ng With the, by the.
mental Ablative) . . .

(.) Arg
mira salitang ito ay galing sa latfn'g jiomwatvs^
nginjilanan^^ **binanggit"; gevitus, **inianak''; datus^ **ibi-
nigay"; accusafm, **sinal)i'\ ^*inakusahan'\ *'binala''; vocatU8r*'ii'
iiawag'^; at ablatns^ '*dinabi'^.
 —74—
PACJLILINGAY NO MGA DAYLAS NO MGA NAMAN
PANQSARILI. ^DECLENSION OF THE ARTICLES OF PROPE
NOUNS.
Singular,
Kasala)\

Norn Si. . .
John.

...... Ni, kay John's; of John.

Geriit W
Dat . . . , , . Kay, pani kay. \^ To John; for John.

Aku,s Kay John

Ablat ..... Kay To, for, from, witl

John,
(Bokat)

Kavifiaan, Pliirai

Fow Sina Pransinko. Francis and company

Francis and family.
Genit ..... Nina og kina Francis and company's;
Pransisko. Francis and family '8.
Daf Kina 0^ pani ki- To, or for Francis and com-
na Prannisko. pany; etc*

Aku8 ..... Kina Pransisko. Francis and company ; etc.

Ablat . ... - Kina Pransisko. To, for, from, with Francis and
company; ect.

Ang niga. The.

Ang mga binibining pilfpinhin. The Philippine ladies.
Ba mgn binibining amerikanhin. To the American ladies.
Ang kahinhinan ng mga babaing The modesty of the Philippine
pihpinhin. women.
Kay Ginoong Ban tog. To Mr. Bantog
Kay Ginang Kalinisan. To Mrs. Kalinisan.
Kay Gining Liwayway. To Miss Li way way.
Ang bahay nina kapitan'g Pel is. The house of Kdpitdn Pel is and
family.
 —75—
PANGHAMBTNG = COMPARATIVE.
Mabait para mo, og mabait na Prudent like you,
para mo.
JIasfpagA'a?/a ko. Diligent like I.

JIaputt parang kastilji, og mapu- Whit^ like Spaniard.

ting parang kastil^.
Si Pedro ay kasing dunong ni Peter has learned a^ John.
Huwan.
Ito'y kasing saya niyon. This is as merry as that.
Ito'y singhaba niyan. This as long as tliat.
is

SiKatalina ay kasing ge^mhi ni Catharine is as beautiful as Ag-

Ines. nee.
Ang akin'g lapis ay shi,i,'haba ng My pencil is as long as my pen,
akin'g panulat.
Ang iyong dulang ay singlaki nf Your table is as large as my table.
akin'g dulang.
Singgagaling. (They are) equally excellent.
Singdidilag., . - equally illustrious,
fengbabango. . - equally odoriferous.
JIagkasinglakas. - - equally strong.
Magkasingdaniial, magkakasing- - - equally honorable,
dangal. equally honest.

Mataae ka fcaj/ sa akin. Ikaw'y You are talle?r than I am.

lalong mataas kay sa akin. Ma-
taas paikaw (0,9 mataas kapa) j

sa akin.
*8i Luwis ay lal07i^ matalino sa Louis is more enlightened than
kay Pransisko. Francis.
Si Gregoryo ay mapitagan pa sa Gregory is more polite than Je-
kay Heronimo. rome.
\l(ilong malwrUiiin si Mariya .sa kay Mary is more modest than Joanna,
Huwana. <

lalong maganda kay sa. Handsomer than,

ta/o?i<7 malapad kay sa\ Wider than.
Lalong malamfg kay sa. Cooler than.
 —76-
Lalong inayainan 8a kay. Richer than.
Lalong kdi\hvi'ih\g sa kay. More a ni ible than.
Lalong matin6 sa kay. More prudent (judicious than.
Siya ay digaanong mapit^gan para He is not so polite as Paul.
ni Pablo.
Ang atis ay dt gaanoa^ ma- Atis is not so savoury as u)ango.
sartip para nS mangg»,
Di gaanoag hiasigasig para ni, Not so active as.
Di gaanong inapula para ng. Not t^o red as.
Di gaanong dukha gaya ni. Not so p )()r as.
Di gaanong buhaghag gaya n?. Not so sponyious as.
Kalang ng sigasi-g. Less active.
Kulang ng puH. Less red.
kiilang nghsLit. Less prudent.

PANGKATAASAN'G TIBOBOS. = ABSOLUTE SUPERLA-

TIVE.
Liibhang maligaya, luhhang ma- Very happy.
pal ad.
Jubhang dakil^. Very great.
Lubhang maganda, Very beautiful.
Luhhflng malaki. Very large.
Maganda kang lubhd.
Maganda kang totoo.
Maganda kang di sapallt.
Maganda kang di hamak. You are very beautiful.
IVfaganda kang dl pabik. You are very handsome.
licaw ay napaka ganda.
Ikaw^y la bis ng ganda.
Labis ka ng ganda.

Malay 6ng di palak. Far distant.

Laid pang mabuti; mabuti pang Far better.
! di palak.
 —77—
/A great deal of - - -

Lubhang marami, maramiiig ma- A good deal of - - -

I
\ Very much,
rami,
I A great many,
'
A good many.
Katamistamisan. Very sweet, or the very sweet-
ness.
Kalinislinisan. Very pure, or the very purity.
Kalmtibutihan. Very good, or the very goodness.
Kasamd^amAan, Very bad, or the very badness.
Kabaiial banal an. Very holy, or the very holiness.
Katarungtarangan. Very ju^t, or the very justice.
Kasantusantuhan. Very saint, o? the very sanctity.
Kauii)haginlia\vahan. Most salubrious.
Kabanalbanalan'g Atna, Most Holy Father.
Mai nam na mainam, Very fine.
Maayong maayo. Very kind.
Magaang na magaang. Very light.
Mabigat na mabigat, Very heavy.
Maliksing maliksi. Very quick.
Mahin^ng mabin^. Very weak.
Sadyang bait, sakdal ng baft, Eminently virtuous.
eakdal kabaitan.

PANGKATAASAN^G KATUG6n. = RELATIVE SUPERLA-

TIVE.

Aug lalong masipag sa pag-aaral. The most studious.

Aug lalong kawiliwili. The most agreeable.
Aug lalong pino. The fin^s/.
Ang lalong mapalad. The happiest.
Aug lalong malaki. The largest.
Ang lalong maliit. The smalUsi.
Ang lalong matimtiraan. The discreete8<.
 .

—78— ,

Mabuti; lalong mabuti; ang la- GcxkI; better; he^t.

long mabuti, ang kabutibuti-
han.
Masamil; lalong masamfi; ang Bad; worse; worst.
lalong masamA, ang kasama-
&am&an.
Muntl; lalong munti; ang lalong Little; less; lea^^t.
munti.
Marami; lalong marami; ang la- Much, man j'^; more; most.
16ng marami, ang karamihan.
Hull; lalong hull; ang kahuli- Late; later; latest or last.
hulihan.
Una; lal6ng una, nauuna, dati- Fore; former; foremost or lirst.

ban; ang kaunaunahan.

iMatandA; laldng matanda; ang Old; elder; elde>^t.

katanddtandA,an.
Lum^; lal5ng lumA; ang kalu- Old; older; oldest.
m^lumaan.

Xapitapitagan. Respectable.
Kagalanggalang. Venerable; reverend.
Kauli-ulilip. Healthful, salubrious, salutary
Kaginhaginhawa, Salubrious, healthful.
Kaayaaya, Delightful.
Kaibig-ibig. Amiable.
Katakottakot. Dreadful.
Kakilakilabot. Horrible.
Kahang&hangfi. Admirable.

Makamamatay Mortal; mortiferoOsT^

Maknldlugod. Agreeable, pleasing.
MakatutuwA. Agreeable, pleading, pleasant.
MakahlhiyA. Shameful.
Makaliiluwalhati. Glorifier, glorifying.
 .

—70—
Masasabi Expressible.
Mangyayari. Possible.
MagagawA, ma4akdas. Feasible, practicable.
Makikita. Visible.
Makakain. Eatable, comestible.
Maiinom, Potabie.
Matfitanggap. Acceptable,
Di-matiis, dt mabata. Insufferable, unendurable.
Di-madalumat. Intolerable.
Dt-mapatawad. Impardonable, irremissible
l)t-magamit. Unserviceable, useless.

Sukat magawA. It is possible to do.

Sukatgawin. It is possible to do.
Mangya3'aring niaamit. It is possible to use.
Mangyayari ng garni tin. It is possible to use.
Sukat niatiis. It is possible to suffer.
Sukat tiisin. It is possible to bear.
Mangyayaring matiis. It is possible to bear.
Mangy ay aring tiisin. It is possible to suffer.

Madaling gawin. Easy to do.

Maliwng sabihin.
Mihirap kanitan.
Kaparis, kapantay, kaalas.
Kapara, kabalintulad, kahulilip,
kahalimbawa, kahambini^, ka-
tulad.
KaWangis, kawangkt.
Difficult to say or to tell.
Difficult to obtain.
Equal.
Similar.
Reseml>Hng, similar.

XIX.

Mga sugvon pangnlnlavg, atb. Numeral (idjertrif^'ed:

M(5A PANAIULANG NA TIBOHOS. -ABSOLUTE .NUME-

RALS. --

Bala og sero v 0. Niiughi or zero.

 —80-
Isa (sang) 1. One.
Dalawa 2. Two.
Tatlo 3. Three.
Apit 4. Four.
Lima 5. Five.
Anim 6. Six.
Pito . ......... 7. Seven.
Walo 8. Bright.
Siyam 9. Nine.
Pa A=3a ngpfi=;5angpul6 10. Ten.
Labing-isa. . • • •
*
• 11. Eleven.
Labingdalaw 12. Twelve.
Labingtatlo 13. Thirteen.
Labing-apat ....... 14. Fourteen.
Labinglima 15. Fifteen.
Labing-anim 16. Sixteen.
Labingpito 17. Seven ''ieen.
Labingwalo . . 18. Eighteen,
Labiiigsiyara 19. Nineteen.
Dalawangpii 20. Twenty.
-DalawangpiiH igji 21. Twenty-one.
...
. . . . .

DalawangpiiH dalawa 22. Twenty-two.

DalawangpAU lima .... 25. Twenty-five.
TatlongpA 30. Thirty.
Tatlongpii't issi ...... 31. Thirty.on4?
Tatlongpfi't tatlo^ . . . . 3J?. Thirty, thi-ee.
Apat-na-pA 40. Forty.
Apat-na-pA't anim . ... 46. Forty-six.
Apat-na-pA't siyam . ... 49 Forty-nine.
LimangpA , £0. Fifty.
LimangpOH apat. 54. Fifty.four.
Anim-na-pA 60. Sixty.
Anim- na-p(\'t walo 68. Sixty-eight.
Pitongpft ........ 70. Seventy.
PitongpftH pito 77. Seventy -seven.
WalongpA 80. Eighty.
WalongpAH walo. 88. Eighty-eight.
Siyam-na-pft . . .
90. Ninety.
 -81-

Siyam-na-pil't siyam . . . . 99. Ninety-nine.

Gat6s==.:4anKgat6s=-iaiiydaan . 100. Hundred, one
hundred.
Sanggatos at labingtatlo . 113. One hundred
thirteen.
gat6s= Jalawang daan.
Dalaw'aiig .200. Two hundred.
Dalawanggatos pitonirpu't isa . 271. Two hundred se-

,
venty-one.
Tatlong gat()s=taXlong daan . 300. Three hundred.
Tatloiig gates at lima . . . . 30e5. Three hundred
five.

Apatnagat—osapat na raan . 400, Four hundred.

Liinang gal()s=li!naiVg daan , 600. Five hundred,
Limang gates anim na . , . ) 664. Five hundred
pil*t apat, )
sixty -four.
Anim na g it6s = anim na raan (500. Six hundred.
Pitoag gat6s=pit6ng da'an 700. Seven hundred?
Walong gat6s=wal6ng daan . 800. Plight hundred.
Siyam na gj\tds=siyam na raan 900. Nine hundred.
Libo -sanglibo 1,000. One thousand.
Sanglibo't anim ..... 1,006. One thousand, six.
Sanglibo anim na gatos .
{ 1,603. One thousand, six
at tatlo j
hundred three.
Sang-libo't apat-na-pu. 1,040. One thousand for-
ty.
DabiWiing libo. ... 2,000. Two thousand.
Sangpung libo ~ sanglaksa . 10,060. Ten thousand.
na libo=sangdjian'g
Sang<]:at6s I 100,000. One hundred
libo=sang-yuta. . . . .
f thousand.
Anga\v=sang-angaw. . . . )
1,000,000. Million.
== sangpung ynth . . . . )

Dawinangaw Billion.
Agyoangaw Trillion.
Mampatangaw. . . . . Quadrillion.
Tundong-angaw Quintillion.
Kalanngaw Sextillion.
Manapitangaw. . . . ... Sjeptillion.
Sagaangaw. ... Octillion.
Bulairangaw Nohillion.
Turuangaw : . Decillion.
 —82—
MGA PANABILANG SA HANAY.=ORDTNAL NUMERAL8,
Ang una=ang nauna. The first.
Ang ikalawa. The second.
Ang ikatlo. The third.
Ang ikapat=ang ikaapat. The fourth.
Ang ikalimfi. The fifth.
Ang ikanim -ang ikaanim. The sixth.
Ang ikapit6. The seventh.
Ang ikawal6. The eighth
Ang ikasiyam. The ninth.
Ang ikasanKpA=ang ikap(i
The tenth.
ang ikapuld*
Ang ikalabing*isa. Th6 eleventh.
Ang ikalabingdalawio The twelfth.
Ang ikalabingtatlo. The thirteenth.
Ang ikalabing-apat. The fourteenth.
Ang ikalabinylim^, The fifteenth.
Ang ikalabing-anim. The sixteenth.
Ang ikalabingpito. The seventeenljh.
Ang ikalabingwal6. The eighteenth.
Ang ikalabingsiyam. The nineteenth.
Ang ikadalawungpA. The twentieth.
Ang ikadalawongpAH is&o The twent\ -first.
Ang ikatalongpO. The thirtieth.
Ang ikatatlongpAt dalaw^. The thirty-second.
Ang ikapat-na-pOi. The fortieth.
Ang ikapat-na-ptl't lima. The forty-fifth.
Ang ikalimangp{i« The fiftieth.
Ang ikalimangpAH tatlo, The fifty-third.
Ang jkanim-na-pA, The sixtieth.
Ang ikapitongpOl« The seventieth.
Ang ikawalongpil« The eightieth.
Ang ikafli\ am-na-pA, The ninetieth.
Ang ikasanggai68'=ang
ikasH n gdaan = ang The hundredth.
ikagatos»
Ang ikasan^gatds at is^
==ang ikasandaa^t isd The hundred and first
=ang ikagatoB at isa.
 < .

-83—
Aug ikas^nggatos at dalawA
^

dalawa
at dalawa.
=
"ang ikasangdaaH
ang ikagatog
J
Tha hundred and second.

Ang ikadalawanggatog
The two hundredth.
saa.ang ikadalavrangdaan.
Ang ikalimanggat6s:=ang The five-hundredth.
ikalimangdaan. \

Ang ikasanglibo=»angikalibo. The thousandth.

Ang ikadalawanglibo. The two-thousandth.
Ang ikasanglaksa «==ang ika-
[• The ten-thousandth.
laks&.
Ang ika8anfiyut3i«=*ang ikayu- r The hundred-thousandth
U.
Ang ikasang-angaw=*ang ika- I The millionth.
angaw«

MGA PANABILANG NA LAMPIBADYA0N=ADVBRB[AL

NUMERALS.

Makfiilfta?, ilang alap? How many times?

Minsan, isftng alap. Once, one time.
Makalawa, dalaw&ng alap. Twice, two times.
Makaitlo, mak&tatlo, tatloug Thrice, three times.
alap.
Mukaapat, mak^ipati apat na Four times.
alap.
Makalima, liming alap. Five times.
Makdanim, anim na alap. Six times.
Makapitd» pitong alap, Sevan times.
Makawalo, waldng alap. Eight times*
Makasiyam, siyam na alap. Nine times.
Maka«angpil, satigpAng alap. Ten times.
MLakalabing-anim, labing-anina Sixteen times.
na alap.
Makadalawangpii, dalawangp{lng Twenty times.
alap.
 —84—
Malnsanggatos, n)al<ii^ang(1aan, One hundred times.
sang^atos na ahip, paiidsian'g
alap.
Makasanglibo, makiilibo, sang- One thousand times.
libong alap.

MGa PANABILANG na PAMAHAGI.^PARTITIVE NUMERALS

Ihin ilan? How many bj' how many?
Isa isa. One by one*
Dahl-dalawa. Two by two.
Tatlo tatlo, Three by ihree.
Apat npat. Pour by four.
SangpA sangpA. Ten by ten»
Dala-dalawangpu. Twenty by twenty.
Sangga-sanggatof^, sangda- One hundred by one hundred.
sangdaan.
Sangli-ganglibo. One thousand by one thouiand.
Sangla-sanglaksa. Ten thousand by ten thousand.

Tig-isa. One to each one.

Tigalawa, Two to each one.
Tigatlo. Three to each one.
Tig -apat. Four to each one.
Tighlima. Five to each one.
Tig-anim. Six to each one.
Tigpipit<). Seven to each one.
Tigwawalo. Eight to each one.
Tigsisi^am, Nine to each one.
Tigsasangpu. Ten to each one.
Kalahatl. Half.
Katlo. Third.
Kapat. Fourth.
 -85—
Pipisiihin. Of one peso.
Sasalapiin. Of one salapiy or fifty centavos.
Peperahin, sesentimusin. Of one centavo.
Aapatin, apatin. Piece of four.
Lilimahin'g sentimos, lilimahin'g Five-centavo piece; five-cent
pera, lilimahin'g kagatos. piece; of five centavos, of five
cents,
Isang sasangpuin'gpiso. A bill of ten pesos.
Aklat na kakahatiin. Book of two reals, or of twenty-five
centavos.
Kudernong sisikapatin, kuder- Copy-book of one real, or of 12 ^'2
nong sikapatin. centavos.
Kalong sangsalapiin, Hat of four reals, or of 50 cen-
tavos.
Tinapay na sesentimusin. A one centavo.
loaf of
Panyulitong sisikolohin. Handkerchief of one half real, or
6 2/8 centavos.

Tigatlong piseta. At three pesetas apiece; of 3 pe-

setas.
Tigalawang pi so. At two pesos apiece ; of 2 pesos.
Tigsangpilng sikapat. At ten reals apiece; of ten reals.
Tigdalawangpu't linifing piso. At twenty-five pesos apiece; of
25 pesos.
Tigtatlongptlng piso. At thirty pesos apiece-; of 30
pesos. '
*

TigwalongpiiH anim na sentimos. At eighty-six centavos apiece;

of 86 centavos.

Manguslng. (Kusing) One half centavo to each

one.
Mamera. (Pera) One centavo to each one.
Mangagatos. (KagatOK^) One cent to each one.
Manentim6s. (Sentimos) One centavo or cent to
'

each one.
 —86~
Manguwalta. (Kuwalta) One ouarto to each one.
Maaaikapat, manikapat. (Saikapat) One real to each one.
illatiaikolo, manikolo. (Saikolo) One half real to each one
Mamiseta. (Piseta) One peseta to each one.
Mangahati. (Kahati) Two reals to each one.
Manalapt. (Salapt) Four reals to each one,
Mam i so. (Piso) One peso to each one.
MangdipA. (Dipa) One braza (fathom) to
each one.
MangdangkaL (Dangkal) One palmo (handbreadth)
to each one.

Mangab^n. One cavan to each one.

(Kaban)
Manal6p. (Salop) One ganta to each one.
Manggatang. (Gatang) One chupa to each one.
Magkano? Hon much?
Ilagkakano ba ang mil6n? Tig For how much a melon?
maiikano ang milon?
Mamiseta. For one peseta.
Tig sarigpdng seatimds. For ten centavos; for ten cents.
Tig rnagkaao ang salop n| bigSs? For how much a ganta of rice?
TigdalawangpA't limang senti- For twenty-five centavos.
mcSs; mangahati.
Tig tatlongpAng kagatds. For thirty cents.

m<Ja ibIng bagay na hin-ggtl sa mga sugnong pa-

nabilanfg, atb.=other things about
numeral adjbvjtives, etc.
fisA, ipft 1am ang. Only one.
th& \^&.. lisft lamang. Only one.
Kaisfilsft, kaisaisahan, Single, unique.
Dfidalawa^ dalawa lamang. Only two.
Dadaladalawa, dadalaw^ lamang. Only two.
TdtatlQ, tatlo lamang. Only three.
Tatatlo-tatlo, tatatlo lamang, Only three.
Ilan? How many?
Ikailanka? Ikaildn kay6? What number of order are you?
 -87-
Ikp.ilan siya? What number of order it he?
Akd'y ikalima, ako eng ikalima, I am the fifth.

akri'y siyang ikalima.

Ikaanim siya. He is the sixth.
Ikailin^g araw ngay6n ng What day of the month is it?

buwan'g ito?
Ikalabing-apat. It is the fourteenth.
IWn^g taon na kayo? Gaano ang How old are you?
inyonj5 «ulang? May ilan'gtaon
ka na? Gaano ang gulang mo?
Mayroon na akong; tatlongpAH I am thirty-nine years old.
siyam na taon. TatlongpiiH
siyam na taon na ang akin'g
Kulang.
Sanglibo ieangdaan at anim-na* A thouFand one hundred and
p{!lng kabayo. sixty horses.
Sangj^atoB na bahay. A hundred houses.
Bilang na isang libo Banggatds at Nnmber one thousand one hun
labingpit6. dred and seventeen.
Bakood, Kabite, K. Pilipinhan, Bakoor. Kabite, P. I., August
ikalabing-apat ng Agosto ng the fourteenth, one thousand
isanglibo walorig gatos pitong- eifiht hundred and seventy-
pft't lima. five.

Ur ang araw hf Disj embre, o The firiit day of December, or

ika una ng Disyembre. December the first.
Piyd ika Una. Pius the First.
PiyA ika Lima. Pius the Fifth.
Ledn ika Labingtatlo. Leo tht Thirteenth.
Piyd ika Sangpft. Pius the Tenth.
Benedikto ika LatHOglim^. Benedict the Fifteenth.
Pilipc ika Law4. Philip the Second.
Pilipe ika Tatlo. Philip the Third.
Alponwo ika Labingtatlo. Alphonso the Thirteenth.
Guilyermo ikn Tatlo 8a InglllBUkti. Wijliam the Third of England
leabel ika LawA. fiJizabeth the^ Second.
Kabanatang ikalaw^. Chi^pter the second.
Pangkat ikalabingtatlo. Section the thirteenth.
An6ng oras na? What o^lQck is it?
 -88-

[kawalo na sa orasan, ikawalong It is eight o'clock.

eras, ikawalong oras na.

Ika siyam na oras, ikasiyain It is nine o'clock.
nang oras.
Ika labingdalawang oras. It is twelve o'clock.
Ika labingdalawang oras at la- It is a quarter past twelve.
binglimang minuto; ika labing
dalawang oras at isang kuwarto.
Ika isaug oras at kalahati. It it half past one.
Kulang ng isang kuwarto sa ika It is a quarter to two; it wants
dalawang oras. a quarter to two.
Ikatlong oras at dalawangpilng It is twenty minutes past three.
minuto.
Kulang n> dalawangpilg minuto It is twenty minutes to three;
sa ikatlong oras. it wants twenty minutes to
three.
Sa andng oras? An6ng oras? At what o'clock?
Sa ika isang oras, ika isang oras. At one o'clock.
Sa ika apat na oras, ika apat na At four o'clock.
oras.
Sa ika dalawang oras at labing- At a quarter past two.
limang minuto.
Sa ika dalawang oras kulang ng At a quarter to two.
isang kuwarto.
Minriinsan, lisang alap. Once only.
Mamakalawa, dadalawang alap. Two times only.
M amakasangpu, sasangpung alap. Only ten times.
Mamakasanggatos, sasanggatos Only one hundred times.
na alap.
Isang katl6, isang katlong ba- One third.
hagi, isang saikatlo. *

Dalawang katl6, dalawang Two thirds.

saikatlo*
Tatlong kapat-bahagi, tatlong Three fourths.
saikapat.
Isang ikalima. One fifth.
Tatlong ikalima, tatlong Three fifths.
saikalima.
 .

—89^

Anim na ikasiyara. Six ninths.

Limang saikagat(5s, limang ika- Five hundredths.
gat6dy limang kagatos.
Isdng saikalibo. One thousandth.
Dalawang saikalibo, dalawdng Two thousandths.
ikalibo, dalawang kalibo.
Tatlong daan^g saikaangaw, Three hundred millionths.
tatlongdaan^g ikaangaw, tat
long gatos na kaan^aw,
[Capat=ikapat=saikapat, Fourth.
Kawal6=ikaw{il6==saikawal6. Eighth.
SaikapA. Tenth.
Kagat6s=ikagat6s=sa^kagat6s Hundredth,

XX
Mga halipnama. Pronouns.

PAGULINGAY MGA HALIPNAMANG LAGYUON.— DE-

N(J
CLENSION OF THE PERSONAL PRONOUNS.
PANa^VNANO LAaYO.-=FlRST PERSON.
Kasalay. Singular.

Nam. Ak6. I.

Oenit. - - . - Akin, ko. My, mine, of me. By me.

Dat. ----- Sa akin, pari sa akin. Me, to me, for me.
AkuB, - - - - Sa akin. Me.
Ablat Sa akin. For me, to me, with me, of
me, from me, etc.

Karingan^g tibobos. Absolute Plural

Norn. Tayo. We.

Oenit. - - - Atin, natin. Our, ours, of us. By us.
Dat. - - - - Sa atin, pari sa atin. Us, to us, for us.
Akus. - - Sa atin. Us. <

Ablat. - - - Sa atin. For us, to us, with us, of us,

from us, etc.
 -90—
Karinflgan^g Panghiwaldy Restrictive PhiraL
Nam. Kami. We.
Genit, Amin, iiMtnin, Our, ours, of us. By us.
Dai, - - Saamiij, para sa amin. Us, to us, for us.
Ahis. - - - Sa nmin. Us.
Abldt, - - - Sa amin. For us^ to us, with us, of us,
from us, etc.

PANGALAWANG LAGYO.-- SECOND PERSON.

Kasalay, Singidnr,

Nam, Ikavv, ka. You. Thou.

Genit. ' - - lyo, mo. Your, yours, of you. By you.
Thy, thine, of thee, By thee.
Dat. - - - - Sa' iyo, p^ani sa iyo. You, to you, for you. Thee, to
thee, for
thee.
Ahxts. - - - Sa iyo. You. Thee.
Bokat. Ikaw. You. Thou..
Ablat. ' - - Sa iyo. For you, to you, with you, of
you, from you, etc. For thee,
with thee,
etc.

Kariflgan. Plural,

Norn. Kayo. You. Ye.

Genit, - - - Inyo, ninyo. Your, yourp, of you. By you
D(U. - - — Sa Sa inyo, para sa inyo. You, to you, for you.
- inyo. You.
Mokat, Kayo. You.
Ablat. - - - Sa inyo. For you, to you, with you, of you,
from you, etc.

Panadntva. DnaL
Norn, Kita ~ Kata. You and I {you of me). Thow
and I

{thou)
of me.
 -91-

Genii. - - - Kanita, ta. Ata, ta.

Dat. - - - - Sa kanita,
para sa ka-
nita. Sa ata,
para sa
ata.

Aku^. ' - - Sa kanita. Sa ata. •

Ablat. ^ - Sa kanita. Sa ata.

paMatlong LAGYO^THIRD PBRSOJ^.

{Sa lalaki.)

Kamlny. Singular,

Norn. Siya. He.

Genit. - - - Kaniya, niya, His, of him. By him.
Dat. Sa kaniya, para sa Him, to him, for him.
kaniya.
Him, ^
A^us. - - - 9a kaniya.
Ablat. - - - Sa kaniva. For him, to him, with him, of
him, from him, etc.

(Sa babai)

Nam. - - - - Siya. She.

Genit. - - - Kaniya, niy a. Her, hers, .of her. By her.
Dat. - - - - Sa kaniya, para sa Her, to her, for her.
kaniya.
Akus. - - - Sa kaniya. Her.
Ablat. - - - Sa kaniya. For her, to her, with her, of her,
from her, etc.

{Sa hindi lalaki, di rin babai.)

Nom. Siya. ^ It.

Genit. Kaniya, niya. Its, of it. By it.

Dat. - - - - Sa kaniya, para sa To it, for it. ^*

kaniya.
Ahiis. - - - Sa kaniya. It.
Ablat. - - - Sa kaniyii. For it, to it, with it, of it, from
itj etc.
 —92—
Kariflgan. Plural.

Norn. ' — Slid. They.

Their, theirs, of them. By them
Oenit. - - - KaniU, niUi-
DaL - - - - Sa kanila, pard 8a Thfem, to them, for them.
kanild*
Aku8. - - - Sa kanila. Them.
Ablat. Sa kanila. For them, to them, with them,
of them, from them etc.

Ak6 rfn. I myself.

Ikaw rin, kayo rin. You yourself.
Siya rin ng^. He himself; she herself.
Tayo rin ng&; kamf nangA. We ourselves.
Kayo rin. You yourselves.
Sila nang&. They themselves.

m[(5a halipnamang pang-ukol og pang arl

=possesslve pronouns.
Nbm. Ang akin'g lupMn.=Ang lupMn ko. My land.
!Ng akin^g lupMn.=^Ng ]upt\in ko. 1
[Oi my land.
Sa akin'g lupMn.=Sa lup^in ko. J

f Sa akin'g lupMn.:^^=:^^Sa lupain ko. To my land,

Dat. i
[ Para sa akin'g lupain,=::==Para sa lupain ko. For my land-
fSa akin'g lupain.=Sa lupMn ko. |
Aku8.

Bokat. Akin'g
y
tNg akin'g lupMn. =
NglupMn
lup^in.=LupSin ko. My
ko.
land.
t
)
My land.

Ahlat, Sa akin'g lupMn. ~Sa lupain ko. , For my land, with my

land, etc.
Ang akin'g mga lupain.
My lands.
Ang mga lupMn ko.
Ang iyong aklat; ang inyong Your book.
aklat.
Ang aklat mo; ang aklat ninyo. Your book.
 —93-
Ang inyotig mga aklat.
Your books.
Ang mga akiat ninyo.
Ang kaniyang panulat.
{sa lalaki) His pen.
Ang panulat niya.
A.ngkaniyang mga aklat His books.
Ang kaniyang pany6.
isn. habiii) Her handkerchief.
Ang panyd niya.

Ang mga pany6 niya. Her handkerchiefs.

Ang kaniyang kal6. His hat.
Ang kaniyang say a. Her skirt.

Ang atin'g banwa.

Our country.
Ang banwa natin.
Ang amin'g bans&.
Our nation.
Ang bansd namin.
Ang atin^g mga bahay.
Our houses.
Ang mga bahay natin.
Sa inyong mga halaman.
Sa m^a halaman To your plants.
. ninyo.
Ang bandiU ng kanilang
bansd. Ang watawat The jflag of their nation.
ng bansA nila.

8a kanilang mffa magulang.

Sa mga magulang nila f
To their parents.

MGA HALIPNAMANG PAMATLIG.=DEMONSTRATIVE

PRONOUNS.

Nam, - -.Ito... . '=^Yari. This.

Genit.- - - Nito, dito sa. Nirf, dini sa. Of this. -

Dat, - - - Dito sa. Dini sa. To this, for this.

Aku8. - - Dito sa, nito. Dini sa, niri. This.
Ablat - - - Dini sa, Dini sa. For this, to this, with
V,
this, of this, from
this, etc.
 —94—
Nom. lyan. That.
Genit. Niyan, diyan, sa. Of that.
Dai. Diyan sa. To that, for that.
Akus. Diyan sa, niyan. That.
AblH.' - - Diyan sa, niyan. For that, to that, with thi it, of

that, from that etc.

Nom. Yaon. = Iyon. That.

Oenit. NiyacSn, doon sa. Niyon. Of that.
Dat. - - - Doon sa. To that, for that.
Akus.' - - Doon sa, niyaon. Niyon. That.
Ablat. Doon sa. For that, to that, with
that, of that, from
that, etc.

Itong mga saniTgol. These babies.

lyan'g mga bata. Those children.
Yaon'g mga binata. Those young men.
Sa taong iyan. Tothat man.
Sa taon'g ito. In this year.
Itong binibining ito. This Lady.
Niyan 'g ginoong iyan. Of that gentleman.
Doon sa talubatang ivon. To that young person.
Ang mga ito. Thesel
Ng mga iyan. Of those.
8a mga yaon. To those.

MGA HALIPNAMANG PANGKATUGON AT MGA TALABING.

= RELATIVE PRONOUNS AND LIGAMEMTS.
Ang \)Siiiing naglalaro. The boy wJw plays (oris playing
Ang ining yia kumakanta. The girl 2/;Ao sings (or is singing)*
Ang a^ong tumatahol. The dog which barks.
Ang alagad na bumabasa, The pupil i/ia^ reads; the pupil icho
reads.
Ang iiiong siin'sinta. The person who is loved; the be
loved person.
Ang bahay na nasunog. The house that was burned.
Sabihin ainyoaa kanija, na ako'y Tell him that I came.
naparito.
Hindi totoo, aa kayo'y naparoon It is not true that you went to
sa Kawit. Kawit.
Tunay ban^ nag-aral kay(5 ng wi- Is it true that you have studied
kang pilipinhin? the Philippine language.
Taon^ mabait. Prudent man.
 -95-
Mabait na tao. Virtuous man.
Ang Uion^g kasalukuyan. The present year.
Bayari'(7 Filipino. Filipino People.
BaiiwaMr; Pilipinhin, og Ban- Philippine Country.
wan g' Pi li pin ban.
Kapuluari'fy Pilipiuhan. (K. P.) The Pliilippines. (P. I.)'

MGA HALIPNAMANG PANGTANONG.: .INTERROGATIVE

PRONOUNS.
Kasalny. Singular.
Nom, - - - Sino. Who.
Genit,- - - Kanino, nino. Whose Of whom, by whom.
Dat, " - - - Sa kanino., para To whom, for whom.
kanino.
Ahus, - - - Sa kanino. Whom.
Ablat," - - Sa kanino. For whom, to whom, with whom,
of whom, from whom, etc.
Karifigan, Plural.
Norn. - " - Sinosino. Who.
Genit. - - - Kanikanino. Wliose.
Dat. . . - - Sa kanikanino, To whom, for whom.
para kanikanino.
Al'us. - - - Sa kanikanino. Whom.
Ablat, ,^ - - Sa kanikanino. For whom, to whom, with
wliom, of whom, from whom, etc
Kasa lay. Singular,
Nam, - - - An6.=Ang ano. What.
Genu,- - - Ng ano, sa an(). Of what.
Dat, - - - - Sa ano, para sa an(5 To what, for what.
Aku$. - - - Ng ano, sa anO. What,
Ablat, - - - Sa anO, ng an6. For what, to what, with what,
of what, from what, etc.

KariTigan, Plural.
Novi, x\n6-an6.--Ang mga ano. What,
Genit, Ngano-ano, saano-ano. Of what.
=^Ng mga ano, sa
mga ano.
Dat, Sa mga ano, etc. To what, for what.
Akns, Ng mga ano, sa mga What.
ano, etc.
 -96—

Ablat. Sa mga ano, ng mga For what, to what, with what

ano, etc, etc.

Kasalay, Singular.

Nam. Alin. = Ang alin. Which. Which one.

Qenit. Ng alin, sa alin, Of which. Of which one.
VaL Sa alin, para sa alin. To which, for which. To whicl
one, for which one.
Akus. Ng alin, sa alin. Which.
blat. Sa alin, ng alin. For which, to which, from
which, etc.

Karingan. Plural.

A.lIn-alin.=Ang mga alin. Which. Which ones.

Ng alin-lin. Of which. Of which ones.
3a alin-alin. To which. To which ones. ,

MGA HALIPNAMANil HINDI TIYAK. -INDEFINITE

PRONOUNS.

Nom. l8a. = Ang isa. A, an, one.

Genit. Ng isa, sa isa. Of an, one.
a,
Dat. Sa isa, para sa isa. To one; for a, an, one.
a, ail,
Akns. Ng isa, sa isa, A, an, one.
AhlaL Sa isa, ng isa. For a, an, onje; of a, an, one;
from a, an, one; etc.

Itong isa. This one.

Diyan sa isa. To that one; to that other.
Doon sa isa. To that one of yonder place.
Iba. Other.
Isdng tao, isang iagy6. A certain person.
Balang araw. Some day.
Ang balang tao. Any man.
Sa balang isil. To each one. '

Man. Even.
Sinomiln. Any one, anybody, some on<l
somebody.
Anoman. Anything, something; whatevei
Alinman. Anything, whichsoever.
Ako man. Even I.
Si Isko man. Even Francisco.
 .

—97—
XXI.

Isdng maikling talatingigan ng A short vocabulary c^

mga badya. verbs.

Abang: umabang, mag-abang, To let, to hire, to rent.

abangan, iabang.

Abang: umabang, mag-abang, To wait for asking something.

abang&n.
Abal: umabal, abalin. To occupy.
Abala: umabala, abalahin. To bother; to occupy.
Abuloy: umabuloy, abuluyan, To contribute, to help.
iabuloy,

Abot: umabot, abutan, abutin. To overtake, to be overtaken.

Ab6t: umab6t. To reach.

Abot: abutin. To get, to be got or gotten.

Akalft,: inag-akalJt, akal^in. To think.
Aboy: mag-aboy, iaboy. To drive.
Ako: umakd, akiiin, To bail.
Ak6, pangakd: mangakd, ipa- To promise.
ngakd, pangakuan.

Akad, pangakad: mangakad. To hunt, to chase

Akay: umakay, mag-akay, To guide, to lead.

akayin.

Akay: mag-akay. To breed.

Akd&: umakdfi, akd&in. To make, to do, to form.

AkdS,: tnag-akdd. To work.

'

Akda: mangakdd. To act.

Akdas: umakdas, mag-akda^^, To practise.

akdasfn.
 -98—

Akiaa; inag-aklas. To strike.

A kusa : u makusa, ak usahan To accuf^e.

Akyat: iimakyat. To go up, to ascend, to dinib.

Adya : inag-adya, iady a. To save, to free from dangfM*.

7\dy(): uinadyo. To go up.

Adhika: mag-adluka* To desire, to aim.

Admiti: umadmiti, a<hnitihin. To admit.

A gap: umagap. To anticipate, to advaru^r.

Agaw: Uinagaw, agawin. To snatch.

Ag<lon, anibay : niag-agdon, mag- To maintain, to support, to
ambay, agduuan, atnbayan, sustain.
iagdon, iauibay.
Aiigat: arigatiii To lift up.
Ahit: umahit, abitan, ahilin. To sbavfi.

Ahit: mag-abit. To shave one's self.

Abon: iimabon. To go up hill.

Alioii: innabon. To land, to go on shore.

Alaala: inag-alaala, alalabanin. To remember.
Alag^: inag-alag^,, ahig^an. To can;.

Alaala : ipaalaala. To rennu I.

Alaala: mag-alaahi. Tod(».'!>L

Alang-alang: maalang-aluiig, ka- Ton-jMd.
alang-alanganaii.
Alig: maalig, aligin. To V I
y to alter.
A lam: makaalani, maalainan, To bi , ire.

malaman.
Alani: umalaiu. To hi' u :trned.
Alam: makaalam, inaalarnati og To I
hj) V to be acquainted with.
nialaman.

Alarn alamin, To be arqnainted with.

Alam paaldm : luagpaaUn To Uikv. leave.

Alam makialam, pakialaman. To iMl^ rrene; to meddle with.

 . . .

—99—
Alas: umalas, laag-alas, pag- To equalize, to lo^vel ; to aiiaich

nlasin.

Alagata: mag-alagata, uinala- To procure, to try.

gata, alagatfiin.

Alirigasrigas : mag-alingasngas. To make noi{?e.

Alinlangan: mag-alinlangan, To doubt.

pag-alinlanganan.

Alipust&r umalipusta, niag- To despise.

alipustS , al i pustdf n

Alipin: utrialipin , alipinin. To entslave.

^
•

Alimura: nrnalimura, alirnu- To outrage. '

rah in

All's: umalis. To depart, to go away.

All's: mag-alis, alisirx» 'J^o take off.

Aliw: umaliw, all win. To console, to (H)mfort.

Almusal: rnag-almasal. To breakfast.

Alpas: m:ig-alpas, ajpastln, pa- To release.

walan.

Amis: uinamis, amisiii. To oppnvss.

Ainbag: umamba!;, niag-amba?. To (*.ontribut(\

Amoy: umanuiy, ainuyin. To smell

Amoy, pangamoy: mangamoy To smell.

Anak: mag-anak; maging anjik. To beget; to bear, to be begotten,

Anak: anakfn« To be adopted.

Anak, panganak: muiganak. To bear, to bring forth.

Anak, panganak: ipanganak. To be born.

Annmanft og alumaua: mag- To mind, to care for, to esteem.

anumana, anumanahin, alu-

maniahin.

AndukS,: mag-anduka, uman- To breed, to educate, to be bred,

(Inks, andukaln. to be educated.

 —100—
xingka,: umangkd, angkAin. To artogate, to appropriate to

one's S€^f.

Angkin: umangkin, angkinin. To appropriate.

Angkop: mag-angkop, angkupin, To compound, to compose; to

pag-angkupin. enchase.
Anib: umanib. To adhere.
Antay: mag-antay, antayin. To wait, to await, to expect.
Antabay: mag-antabay, antaba- To wait for, to expect.
yanan.
Antig: umanCig, mag-antig, an- To agitate.

tigin.

Antilo: umantilo, antiluhin, ma- 'I'o understand, to be understood,

kaantilo, maantiluhan, maan- to be acquainted with, to b<>

tilo. informed. .

Anyaya% mag;anyaya, anyaya- To invite, to be invited.

hanr
Ap6y: mag-apoy. To make fire.

*Ap6y: apuyan. To set fire to.

Api: umapi, apihin, To wrong, to offend, to grieve.

Apela : umapela: To appeal.

Aral: umaral. To teach, to educate, to instruct
Aral: iaral, aralan. To be taught, to be educated.
to be instructed.

Aral: mag-aral, pag-aralan. To study.

Aral: pag-aralan. To be studied.
Aral: magpaaral. To make (others) study.
Aral, pangaral: mangaral ipa- To preach, to be preached
ngaral, pangaralan.

Art: ariin, ipalagay. To consider.

Ari: nriag-ari. To appropiate anything to one's
self.

Art: mag- ari. To possess, to own, to hold.

 . .

-lOl-

Arimuh^n: mag-arimiahan, ari- To save, to be saved; to econo

muhahfn. mize.

Aroj;: mag-arog, umarog. To, adopt.

Arog: anigfn. To be adopted.

Araro: mag-araro, araruhin To plow, to be plowed.
Asa: umasa, asahan. To hope.
Aso, pangaso: mangaso. To hunt with a dog or dogs.
Asln: mag-asin, asnan. To salt, to be salted.
Asisti: umasisti, asistihan, To attend, to assist, to be at-
tended, to be assisted.
Asugyd: umasugyo, mag-asugyo. To claim, to demand.
Ataki: umataki, atakihin, To attack, to be attacked.
piyapisin.

Atas: mag-atas, atasan, iatas. To appoint, to order, to ordaian

to be appointed, to be ordered,

to be ordained.

Atas: mag-atas, atasia, pag To divide, to part, to be divided

atasfn. into parts, to make parts.

Atim: umatim, atirnin, To suffer; .to tolerate, to be

tolerated.

Atd: umatd, raag-ato. To attempt, to try.

Awk: maaw^, kaawkan; ma- To pity, to be compassionate.

habag, kahabagan.

Away: umaway, away in. To fight (one to other, not

mutually)
Away : mag^away To fight, to quarrel (mutually)
Awat: umawat, awatin, To separate, to hinder, to im.
pede. <

Awas: mag-awas. To discount, to deduct.

Avvit: umawit, ku/nantfl, awitiii, To sing, to be sung.

kantahln.
 . . . ;

— 102—
'Ayah: umayab, ayabin. To convoke.
Ayaw: nniayavv, ayavvan. To dislik(^ to n^fusi

Ay aw: iiing-ayaw-ayjiw, pag-ayaw- To proportion,

ayavvin.

Ayo: uniayo, ayuan, ayuin. To favor.

Ayon: umnyon, ayunan. To agree.

Ayos?: niag-ayos, ajMisin. To regulate,
to eompound;
to rorrect.
to arrange
to order.

Ayos: umayos, maayos. To eonforni to.

Ayok: mag-ayok, ayukin. To consent, •

Ay wan og ewan (ko). I don't know.

Agpis: n)ag-agpis, agpisin. To press, to he pressed.
A has : \\ m abas , a basi n To disapprove, to he disap-
. < proved; to reprove, to b»^ re-

proved.

Ang.kap: rn ig-angkip, iangkap. To ap plicate, to be applicated, t(^

apply, to be applied.

Ambil: mag-ambil, anibilin. To coinnieht, to he commented.

A mboy : mag- am boy To adjudge.
Amboy: umamboy, ambuy in. To appropriate toone's self.
AfVtas: magantas, antasin, To graduate, to be graduated.
'
antasan.

Asog: mag-asog, umasog, asu- To ^sterilize, to be eslerilized.

B
Babad: magbabud, ibabad. To soak; to steej).
Babag : magba bag To quarrel {two or more ;>f«?w>?/.s,

mutuallp).
 .

loy— '

{iibag: bimiiibaK, bjibahagin. To quarrel (one to other).

[titbala : inagbabala. 1V> notify.

iakbak: iriagbakbak. To disjoin.

Biikbak : inagl)akbak, bakbakin. To ytrip off tlie bark ol: trees, el<".

lak()(i: luagbakod, bakiiran. To fence; to inclose. .^

adlis: binnadlis, badlisjiii, bad^- To draw lines; li» draw, to be

li.sin. drawn
Bagay: njabagay, bumagay. To suit, to fit.

{ago: magbago. To vary, to change.

lago: bimia^o, baguliiiK To modify, to ehatige.

Bangoii : biunangon. To rise, to get up.

angoiv : magbaiigon, ibangon, To raise.
Baluigi : magbahagi , bahagilnii To divide, to part.
og bahaginiii.

liabagi, painabagi : inairialiagi, To distribute, to dispart.

ipainahagi.

Rabin: niagbaliii). To sneeze.

Dahal^;: magbahala, To care. ,
s.

tabal^, paiuabala : manialialil, To govern, to be governed:

pamahalaaiK
Jala: luagbahi, To speak, to say; to accuse..

Bahiod: nuigbahiod. To proclaim.

iUlayag : magl)alaya.g, biunabi- To question repeatedly.
yag, balayagin.

Balan^: niaghahina. To renew, to renovate; to reform

Balam: bumaJani, babuuiii. To detain.

Balangkas : magbalangkas, ba- To form, to be formed.

langkasin.

Balk: magbala, pagbalaan. To threaten, to threat.

Balasa: magbalasa, raanialasa, To shuffle the cards.

balasahin.
 —104
BalG^t : magbalot, bal u ti n To wrap up, to inwrap.
Balidya: magbalidya, bjilidyahin, To contract, to be contracted.
Baliga : magbaliga. To tell a story.
BaligyA: magbaligya, mamaligya, To trade, to traffic.

Baluktot: magbaluktot, l)aluk> To bend.

tutin.

Balik: magbalik, bumalik. To come back, to return.

Balikloob: magbalikloob. To convert.

Banat: magbanat, banatin. To stretch, to lengthen; to adjust

to extend.

Bantay: magbantay, bumantay, To guard, to watch ; to be

bantayfin. watched.

Banglaw, anglaw: inagbanglaw, To rinse cloth

anglawan.

Baon : magbaon , ban n n

i To take provision ; to provide ar
tides for a journey.

Baon: magbadn, ibaon. To burry, to be biirried.

Baro: bumaro, magbaro, baru- To modernize.
hln.

Ba?»a: bumasa, basahin. To read, to be read.

Basa: magbasa, To read much.
Basd: bumasd, magbasA, basfiin. To wet.
Basag: bumasag, basagin. To break, to be broken; to

fracture, to be fractured.

Basag: raag basag, pagbasagfn, To break much, to be breaking

Basbas: magbasba», basbasan. To bless, to consecrate.

Batak: bumatak, batakin, To pull; to attract.

Bat^: niagbata, bathin. To suffer; to undergo troubles.

Batid : bumatid , makabatid To understand, to perceive.
mabatid, batdin.
 . .

—105-
Baton : mabatu nan. To become accustomed, to take

the habit of.

Batyaj;: mamatyag, burriatyag, To be attentive, to mind,

batyagin, batyagan.

Bati: bumatl, batiin; magbigay To greet, to salute.

ng maligayang batL
Bavvat: magbavval, ipagbawal, To forbid, to be forbidden, to pro,

pagbawahin. hibit.

Bawas: magbawas, bawasan, To diminish, to subtract.

bawasin.
Bayad: miigbayad, pagbayaran, To pay, to be paid,

bayaran, ibayad.

Bayo: magbayo, bayuhin. To pound, to be pounded.

Bay bay: magbaybay, baybayin. To spell, to be spelt.
Bawi: bumawi, bawiin. To retrieve a loss.

To withdraw, to take.
Bawl: mngbawl, bawiin,
Bigkas: bumigkas,. bigkasiu. To pronovmce, to be pronounced.
Bighaal: bumighanl bighanlin. To oblige, to compel
Bighani : mabighani To be obliged, to be competed
Bigo: mibigd* To be lost; to be disappointed
to fail

To give, to be given.
Bigay: magbigjiy, ibigay, bigyan.
Bihag: bumihag, bihagin, To captivate.

To be captivating.
Bihag: mam i hag.
bihisan To clothe, to dress.
Bihis: migbihis,
To reward, to recompense.
Bihis: bumihis, bihisin.
.

Bilang: bumilang, bilangin To count.

To buy, to be bought.
Bill: bumili, bilhin.

Bill: magbili. ipagbili To sell, to be sold.

Bill: mamili. To be buying or purchasing. .

Bill: magbibili To buy much.

 106—
Bilin: rnagbilin. ipagbilin, pag- To charge, to request, to re-

bilinan. commend; to command; to

bespeak.

Binyag: magbinyag, binyagan. To baptize.

Binyag : maminyag. To be baptizing.

Bintaw: magbintaw, bumintaw To suspend.

bintawin.

Bingbing: magbingbing, buming- To retain.

bing, bingbingin.

Bitay: bumitay, magbitay, bi- To hang.

tayin.

Bitay: bitay in. To be hanged.

Bit^w, butaw: magbitaw. mag- To loosen; to free, to release

butaw, bitawan, butawan.

Bitiw: magbitiw (ng tungkol). To quit, to resign.

Bitin: magbitin, ibitin. To hang up, to be hung up.

Biyahi: magbiyahi. To travel ; to voyage.
Bilanggd: magbilanggd, ibi- To imprison, to be put in prison

langg6, bilanggftin.
Bir6: bumird, birCiin. To jest, to hoax, to joke; to
I'!

mock.
Bithay, bistay, ag-ag: magbis- To sift.

tay, bistayin, ag-agin.

Boto, botos: bumoto, bumotos, To vote, to be voted.

iboto, ibotos, botohan, botosan.

Buka: bumuka. To open.

Bukag: magbukas, buksan. To open, to be opened.
Bugbog: bumugbog, bugbugin. To bruise, to beat, to be beaten.

Bulaan: magbulaan. To lie.

Bulas: bumulas, bulasin. To scold.

Bulas: bumulas. To grow. I

 . .

—107—
Bulay: magbulaybulay, bulaybu- To bethink.
lay in.

Bulda; magbulda. To embroider.

Buli: bumili, bulihin. To burnish, to be burnished.
Bunot: bumunot, bunutiii. To pull out, to pull up,
Bun6: magbund, makipagbund. To struggle.
Buntal: magbuntal, bumuntal, To strike, to be struck

buntalfn.

Buntong-hinin^^a; magbuntong- To sigh.

hiningH.

Buntong-hiriinga: ipagbuntong- To sigh for

hinina, pagl)untuhan'g-hini-
ng^.
Bunton: mag^uinton, ibunton, To pile, to be piled.
Bu6, bulk: magbu6. To make entire or integral, to

form
Bu6, buft: bumu6, buAin. To compose, to be composed; to

form, to be formed.

Bu6, buii: mamu6, mamu<ll. To coagulate, to curdle; to

congeal

Bura: bumura, burahin. To erase.

Bura: burahin'g guhitan. To dash.
Butas: bumutas, butasin, butasan. To pierce, to bore.
Butawin: magbutawin. To disburse, to expend.
Bub6: magbubd. To found, to cast, to melt.
Bub6: magbubd, ibubd. To spill, to shed.
Buhay: mabuhay. To live.
Buhay na mag-uli: mabuhay To resuscitate, to revive*
na mag-ull.
Buhay: buhay in, To resuscitate, to be resuscitated.
Buhos: magbuhos, ibuhos. To spill, to shed, to be spilt, to
be shed.
 108—
Bnhos: ibnhos, biisan. To pour.

Buwis: bum u wis. To pay taxes

Bunsod: niMghunsocl (ng /To liiuncb.

bangka), ibunsocK

K
Kigjit: kuma<?f^'fc, k »gatiri. To bite, to be bitten.

Kab.i: kum;ibt\ arig dibUb. To i)alpitate.

Kabit: u)a4:kabit/ kurnabit, ika- To fasten, to bc^ fastened; to at

bit, kabiuin. tach, to be attached.

K«big: kunialiig, kahiglu. To scratch, to scrape.

Kal i^; kumalag, magkalag, To untie, to loosen.

kalagin.

Kali<?: iriagkalag, kalagiu sa To absove» to acquit.

sala dp' dusa, abisulbiban,

pawalanV^<da.
Kalakal, pangalakal: manga- To trade, to traflic.
lakal.

KaWs :kuma]^s, magkalas, ka- To loosen, to untie; to unfoli.

lasia. to expand; to unweave, to

ravel ; to break the promise.

Ivalat: magkalat, kiimalat, ro spread.

ikalat.

Kal^^a: luagkalga, kalgahfin. To load.

Kalinga; kuinalingji, kaling^in. To heed.
Ivalkula: kuirialkulrt, To calculate; to reckon.
kallvulabii).

Kaloob; magkalc5ob, ipagkaloob, To grant, to concede.

Kain; kmniiiu, kuiniu og kanin. To eat, to be eaten; to dine.
Kain; rnngpakain, pikanin. To fi ed, to be fed.
Kalog; kumalog, kalugiii. To stir.
 •109—

ICailangan; mangailangaii, To need, to want, to be wanted,

kjiilanganhi. to be needed.

Kanloiig: kiuuanlong, To slielter one's self.

inanganlong.

Kaalong: inagkaiilong. kanlu- To shelter, to cover.

ngan, ikanlong.

Kamot; kutnamot, kamutia. To scratch, to claw.

ICabipf.arig; kumabig, kabigin To a tract.

uni:irig, arigiiv.

Kadlit; kiunadlit, kadlitan. To scarify.

ICt!u)C);): la i^kiliij!c>p, kahip- Tv>eachi^e,

kupaii.

Kandili: kiimandili, magkandili, To protect.

kandilihiii.

ICaiHit: luagkamit, karvitam. To get, to acquire; to attain; to

succeed in; to be got or gotten

Kanti, avsrit: kiimanta magkan- To sing, to be sung.
ta, kantabfn, uinawit, awitin.

Kaon: kiimaon, kaimin. To call, to invite.

ICapit: kuiiia[)it, To cling; to grasp; to hold.
Ivnpon, bating: kumapon, bu- To geld, to castrate.
mating, kapnnin, batingin.

Kasal: rnagkasil, kasalin, ikasaL To marry.

Kasll: pakasal; mag-asawa. To get married, tp marry.
ICaskas : k n rnaskas, kaskasin To 8C rape, to scrape out; to
magkaskas. rub.

Katig: kumatig, kaligan. To favor, to protect, to second,

to patronize I

Katog: kumatog, katugfn. To knock.

ICayag: kuniayag, kayagin, ma- To summon» to call to a meet-
n^ayag. ing (Sp., muflir).
 —110-
Kayam: kumayarn, kayHmin. To convince.
Kayarifi : inakayam To be convinced.
Katiwal^: magkatiwala, ipagka- To triKst in, to confide.
tiwal^, pagkatiwalaan.

KibA: kumibd. To move; to mumble.

Kib6: huwag kun)ib6. To be quiet.
Kikil: kumikil, magkikil, To file.

kikilin.

Kilos: kumilos, kilusin. To move, to be moved.

Kiling; kumiling. To be inclined, to incline.
Kiling; ikiling. To incline, to be inclined.
KinAng; kuminang. a To glitter.

Kinain, panginain : manginain, To graxe, to pasture.

Kilala: kumilala, k.ilalanin. To recognize.

Kilala; makakilala, makilala, To know, to be known.

Kilala: mangilala. To be recognizing.
Kilala: magkilala. To recognize each other.
Kilala: magkakilala. To be acquainted with one
another.

Kilala: kumilala ng utarg Da To acknowledge.

16ob.

Kita: makakita, makita. To see, to be seen.

Kita: kumita, kitain. To look for.

Kongkista : kumongk ista To conquer.

kongkietahin.

Kongkista: mangongkifita. To go conquering.

Kuderno: magkuderno, mag- To bind books.
balat ng aklat.

Kulang: magkulang, To be short.

iCulang: rnagkulang sa, sumala To fail.

 "111-

Kul6: kumul6, To boil.

Kuld: magpakul6, pakulilin. To boil.

turnpisal: magkumpisal. To confess tbe sins.

Cumpisal: kumpisalin. To confess.
Kumpuni: magkumpuiif, kum- To mend, to repair, to compose.
punihin.

Cuba: kumuha, kuhania og To take, to be taken.

kunin,

Cuba: manguba, pangunin. To be taking.

LnhsLi makakuba, makuha- To able to take, can take.

Cunot, kubot: magkunot, To plait.

raagkubot.

Curibi: magkurihi, kumuribi. To correct.

Curibi: kuriban, kuribin. To be corrected.

Cuwenta: magkuwenta, kumu- To account.
wenta, kuwentabfn.

Cumpil: magkumpil, kumurnpil, To confirm, to be confirmed.

kumpilan.
Kurot: kumurot, kurutfa. To pincb.
Ku&kos, kus6t: magkus^kos, kii- To perfricate.

muskos, magkusot, kus-

kusin.

Kuy6m, kuyunopis, kuluntoy: To shrink.

manguydm, manguyumpis,
munguluntoy

D
Dakilk; magpadakild, padaki- To aggrandize.

lain.

Dagan: magdagan, daganfin, To burden, to press.

idag^n.
 —112-
Dagfs: dumagis, rnagdagfs, To outbid.
idagis.

Dala: magdala room, dalhindoon, To take, to be taken ; to carry

Dala: dalhan. To be given, to be carried to»
Dala: magdala rito, dalhin dito. To bring, to be brougbt.
Dala: magdala. To fetch, to bear.
Dala: padala, magpadala. To send, to have anything sen
or brought.

Dala: ipadala, padalhia. To be sent.

Dala: dumala, dalahin. To fibh with net data.
Dala: mangdala. To go fishing with net dala.
Dala: dalain. To correct severely, to be warnec

by sad experience.
Dala: madalil. To be warned by sad experience
Dall: daliin, dalidaliin, To accelerate, to hasten, to
forward.

Dali: magdumali, raagmadali To accelerate, to haste or hasten

Dama: diimama damahin oq To couch with hands; to touch
damhin. or feel.

Dalaw: dumalaw, dalawin To visits

Damdarn magdamdam,
: To feel. ^

dumamdam.
Daindam: magdamdarn, To regret; to resent.
Dainbong: dumambong, darnbu- To rub.
ngin, mangd.imbong.
Damdam magdaindam
: To be moved, to l)e affected.
Daindam: magdamdarn» To be isorry.

damdamin.
D.ilom: magdalora, idaldm To complain before a judge, t

dalumin* demand justice.

Dahrts: dumahds, dahasfn To take by force, to force.
Daig: magdaig, daigin. To fumigate, to steam.
 — 113 '

Dafg: dumaig, daigfn. To vanquish, to overcome; to

surpass.

Dafg: manaig. To prevail.

Danas: magdanas, damanas, To experience, to be
danasan, danasin. experienced.

Danas: makaranas, maranasan. To experience, can experience.

Daing: darnafng, maghinanaklt. To complaiu.
Daan: damaan, magdaan. To pass»
Daan: makaraan. Can pass, or be able to pass.
Dakip: damakip, dakpin. To seize, to catch, to apprehend
Dait: damaft, idalt, magdalt. To join.

Daiti: dumaiti, idaiti, magdaiti. To join.

Dagilap: magdagilap, To reflect the rays of light.

duraagilap. -

Dalangin: damalangin, dala- To pray, to implore.

nginin, lalangiiian.

Dalangin: idalangin. To pray for.

Dalangin, panalangin: manala- To pray; to make an orison, a

ngin. prayer or supplication.

DalubasJl: magdalubaB^, daluba* To interpret, to be interpreted.

eiin, dalubasJtan.

Dasal: raagdasal, dasalin. To pray.

Daski: ipagdasal, To pray for.

Dasital: magdasital, dasitalin. To recite, to be recited.

Dapat: m^rapat, To become worthiy; to deserve;

\ to be right.

Dapat. Shall, should; ought to.

Dapat, kailangan. Must.

Daos: magdaos, dauRin, iraos. To hold, to be held; to realize;

to take place.

Daw Oflf raw, diuman6, dikuno. It is said, they say.

umano.
 -114—

DayJi: magday^, dumayJi, To deceive, to cheat.

dnykin.

Day A: manp:dayA., To be deceiving, or be cheating-

Dikit: m.igdikit, dumikit, idikit, To stick, to join.

diktan.

Dikit: magdikit ng apcSy. To kindle.

Digma: diimigma, dignmin. To war, to fight, to combat.
Digmi: raagdigma, magdig- To war, to fight, to combat,
maan.
Dikdik: dumikdik, magdikdik, To pound, to grind.
dikdikin.

Dikta: inagdikta, idikta* To dictate.

Dilim: durnilim, magdilirn. To darken, to grow dark.
Diliin: padiliniin. To darken*
Dilig: magdilig, diligfn. To water, to irrigate.
Dim lim, panimdim: manim- To think, to imagine.
dim, panimdimiii.
Dito: parito, pumarito. To come, to come here
Dito: duinito. To Htay here.
Dibuho: inagdibuho. To draw.
Dispensa: magdispensa, dis- To excnso.
pensahin.

Diwaiig: magdiwang, ipag- To celebrate, to hold a festivity,

diwang to entertain.

Doon: paroon, piimaroon. To go, to go there.

Doon, kiroia: migkaroon. To h ive, to gt^t.

Dooa: diimoon. To stay there.

Dulot: raagdulot, idulot, To g've, to serve; to be given,

dulutan. to brt served.

Durigia: duraungis, raagdungis, To stain.

dungisan.

Dun^is: marungisan. To be stained.

 :

—115—
Duroe:: magdurog, dumurog, du- To crnmble; to break; to pound,
rugin.

Ousa: magdusa* To PufTer pain because of guilt; to

suffer punishment; to suffer
pain.

Ousa, parusa: magparusa. To puniah.

Dusa, parusa: paruaaban. To be punished.
Dispatsa: magdispatsa, dispatsa- tTo dispatch,
hin.

Embargo: nrnembqrgo, mig-em- To di?^train, to embargo, to seize.

bargo, embarguhfn.

Emigril: umemigra. Ta emigrate.

Bmpaki: mag-empaki. T*> patch up in cheats; to wrap
up in hide.^ or skins.

Enrkinto: umen?'cinto, engVan- To enchant, to fascinate,

tuhfn.

Etigkanto: raaengkanto. To be enchanted, to be fasci-

nated.

][Srgo: umergo, erguhfn. To argue.

Gakla: gumakla. To surpr'f^e.

Gakia: magakla. To be surprised

Ga^jM: gumagid, gagarfn. To imitate.

Giga, u;ahis: gumaga, gumahfs, To violate.

gsigahin, gahisih.

GaUw: gumalafir, galawfn. To move.

Galing: manggaling. To come frpm.
Galing: gumaling. To recover from a disease or
calamity; to improve, to
grow better.
 116^

Galing: magpagaling, pagalingfn. To improve; to heal, to cure.

Galing: mapakagaling. To attain salvation.

Galang: gumalang, igalang. To revere, to respect.

G-alit: magalit, kagalitao. To grow angry, to be angry.
Galit: gumalit, galitin. To vex, to irritate, to make angry
Gamlang: maggarnlang, raang- To be engaged in an industry.

garnlang.

(lamjiy: maggam^y, guraamay. To work in an office, to be en-

manggamay. gaged in a trade.

CxambalJt: gumanbal^, To hinder, to obstruct; to dift-

gambalain. turb, to perturb.

Gamd: maggama, gumama, To produce.

Gamit: gumamit, gamitin, To use, to be used, to be applied.

Gamot: gumamot. gumutin. To cure.

Gamot: maggamot. To cure one^s self.

Gamot: magpagamdt. To have - - - cured.

Gana: gumaiia, ganahin. To gain, to earn.

Ganap: guinan^p, ganapin. To execute; to tiischarge, to

f>erform; to accomplish, to be
accomplished.

Gan4p: magandp. To be accomplished.

Ganti: gumanti, guraanting- To reward, ts recompense.
paid..

Garanti: gumaranti, garantihin. To guarantee.

Gasta, gugol: gumasta, gumugol, To spend, to expend, to be spent.
m>iggasta, mag-gugol; gasta-
hin, gugulin.

Gaod: gumaod, eumagwan. To row.

Gasta, gugol: magkagasta, To have expenses; to pay the
magkugugol. cost, to bear all charges.

Gatas: gumatas, gatasan. To milk.

GawS,: gumawA, gawfn. To make, to do, to work; to be
made, to be done.
 -117—

(lawA: magpagawa, ipagawsL. To have - - made. -

Uaw4: pagawfn. To make - work.- -

(lawa: maggawA,, Tnanggttw&. To work.

Gay a; gumaya, gayahan, To imitate.
Qfnya: gayahin. To copy, to be copied.
(libA: gumibS, uibaln. To demolish, to destroy.
Giba: maggiba. To demolish many things.
Gibsl: rnanggiba. To be demolishing.
Giba: magibd. To be demolished-
Giling: guwiikig, gilingin. To grind, to be ground.
Giliw: gamiliw, giliwia. To love; to sympathize, to re-

member lovingly.
Gilalas: manggilalas. To wonder.
Gigil: manggigil. To rage.

Gitla: gumitla, gitlahin. To frighten, to surprise.

Gitla: magitla. To be frightened^ to be surprised.
Giging: gumising, gisingin. To wake.
Gising: migising, gumising. To awake.
Gisi: gumisl, gislin, To rend, to be rent.
Gulat: gulatin. To startle.

Gulat: mdgulat. To be fetartled.

Gulong: gumulong. To roll.

Gulong: pagulungin. To roll, to make it roll.

Gulo: gumulo, guluhln. To embroil, to confound, to in-

volve in differences.

Gulo: magkagalo. To have trouble, to be in trouble.

Gulo: manggulo. To disturb.
Gulpi: gumnlpi, gulpihfn. To hit, to beat, to strike, to be
hit, to be beaten, to be struck.

Guptt: gumupit, manggupft gu- To cut with the scissors,

I to cut
pitin. the hair.

Crupit: magpagupit. To have one^s hair cut.

Gusto: gumusto, gustuhin. To like.
 .

"118—

G (NG)

Ngahas, pangahas: mangahjis. To dare.

Ngalan: magngalan, ngalanan. To denominate, to give a name,

to bear such a name, to b(

named.
Ngalay: mangalay. To be tired.

N>alit: magngalit, To get very angry, making noisi

with the teeth.

Ngalitagit: magngtlitngit, To creak

Ngainba, paii^ambi: maiigaiiiba. To starle; to fear; to be in dangor
N;anL^^: rigumaag^, To chew betel.
NgangSt: ugang^iii. Tt> chew the betel.

Ni^anib, paaganib; manganib. To Ue in danger, to risk, to peril,

Ngata: ngurnata, ngatafn. To masticate, to be masticated.

Nginig: manginig. To tremble, :o quake, to shaki
with fear.

N^ilin,pangilin: maagilia. To ab4ain, to forbear.

N^atngat: ngumatngat» Tt> gnaw.

magiigatagat, iigatii(:atin.
Ngiti: ugumitt. To smile.
Ngitt: ngitian. To smile at.
Ngitngit: magagitngit. To get angry; to darken.
Ngiyaw: nguiniyaw, To mew.
Njii^aw: pangiyawin. To make it mew.
Nguy&: ngumuya, nguyftin. To chew, to masticate.

H
Habilin: maghabilin, ihabilin. To recommend; to deliver.

Hab^: humabk. To become long.

 '

-119-

Knhh: maghab^. To lengthen.

Habi: numabi, habihia. To weave, to be woven.
Hibol: huuiabol, habiilin. To ru after; to claim.
I

Habla: raaghabla, ihabla. To complain before a judge; to

accuse.

Habag: mahabag, kahahagan. To pity, to be compassionate.

Hak^: inaghaka, hakain, To form an opinion; to think;
to imagine.

Hakbang: humakbang, To Rtep.

Higis: humagis, rnaghagis, To thrown, to be thrown.

hagisin, ihagis.

H:igidhid: humagidhid, To absorb, to be absorbed.

hagidhirfn,

Hagad: hamagad, hagarin. To run after the other to overtake

him; to run after him.

Hagod: humagod, hagnrin. To stroke gently.

Han:>d: hiimango, raaghingd, To extract, to remove, to take,

hanguiii. to be removed, to be taken.

Hang^: humanp;Sl, hangJlan. To acimirf^, to be admired.

Halag^: inau;kahalaga. To cost.

Halaga: iriaghalaga, hilagiihan. To appraise, to be apprased.

HaUl: maghalal, ihaMl. To elect, to nominate; to be

elected.

Halang: maghalang, ihalang. To hiy something athwart a

place; to cross, to be crossed.

Halat^: humalatft, halatAin. To conjeture by signs; to deduce,

to infer.

Halat4: makahalatft, mahalati. Can conjeture, can deduce, can

infer; c^an notice, can be
noticed.

Halinghing: huraalinghing. To neigh.

 -120—
Hald: maghald, ihald. To mix, to mingle.
Hald: humal6, halCiin. To stir.

Hali-ka, half-kayo, Come.

Halili: humiilili, halinhan. To relieve, to succeed, to be sue.

ceeded.

Halina: huraalina, halinahin. To attract (morally).

Halilagyd: huixialilagyd, maha To resemble other person.

lilagy6.

Halik: humalik, halikiAn og To kiss» to be kissed.

hagkan.
Hamak: humamak, haraakin. To contemn, to underrate, tour\

dervalue; to be contemned.

Flamat: maghamat, hamatia, To amend, to be amended.

Hamok: maghamok. To fight a duel.
Qamon: humamon, hamunin To dare.

Hamon: maghamon, To be daring.

Harait: magharait, hamitin. To reduce, to be reduced.

Hambing: maghambing, To compare, to be compared

ihambing.
Harnb6: maghambd, hambAin. To naturalize, to be
naturalized.

Harida: mf^ghaiuid, ihanda. To get ready, to prepare ; to bit

prepared.

Hands.; magpahand4. Order to prepare.

Handog, alay: maghandog, inag To offer, to be offered.
alay; ihandog, iaiay.

Handiilong: huraandulong, To advance, to attack.

handulungin.
Hanap: humanap, hanapin To seek, to look for.
Hapis: humapis» hapisin. Te afflict, to be afflicted.

Hapis: mahapis. To lament, to languish, to grieve

to grow sad.
 .

— 121—
Hapay: maghapay, ihapay. To demolish, to ruin, to pull

down, to bring to the ground,

to fell.

Hapay: humapay. To descend, to Btoop.

Hapay: mahapay. To fall.

Hapon: humapon, og kumain To sup, to take one's supper.

ng hapunan.
Harang: humarang, harangin. To intercept; to detain, to be de-

tained by highwaymen.
Harang: mangharang. To plunder, to assault.
llarap: hiimarap. To present one's self, to appear
before, to report,

IlarSp: magharap, ihanip. Vo present, to be presented.

ITari: majuhari. To reign, to predominate.
Hasil: maghasa, ihasa. To whet, to sharpen.
Hasik: maghasik, ihasik. To sow, to scatter.
Hawak: maghawak, humawuk, To hold, to be held.
hawakan.
Halak: maghatiik. To exercise physically.
llatag: raaghatag, ihatag, ha^ To deliver, to be delivered.
tagan.

Hatag: liumatag. To deliver one's self up into the

hands of another; to give

one's self up.

Hatid: maghatid, ihatid. To conduct, to carry, to convoy;

to take ; to a.ccompany, to lead

Hati: iifiaghati, hatiin, paghatiin. To divide into two equal parts.

Hatol: humatol, hatulan, ihatol. To sentence; tp judge; to advise,

to be advised,

Hayuma: maghayuma, hayuma- To mend the net.

bin.
 122-

Hersigyo: maghersisyo. To exercise physically, to exer-

cise in military training.

Hiiito: huinintd. To rest, to stop.

PTil>ik: hinnibik. To sob, to groan.
Hilcah: ma<^liikiib, hvunikab. To gape, to yawn.
Hig^: humigfi, inahigA. To lie down.
Higop: hurnigop, higupin. To sip the broth.

Hihip: humihip, hipaii. To blow, to be blown.

Hingal: huriiingal. To pant.

Higit: hiiniigit, hi^itfi». To pull, to draw.
Higit: humigit. To be over and above.
Hilik: humilik. To snore.
Higid: humigid, higirin. To attract, to be attracted.

Hila: hiimila, hilahin. To pull; to tow.

Haging: humaging. To buzz, to hum.

Hiling: hnmiling, hilingin, To request, to be requested.
hilingan.

Hiniawll: humimawS, himaw&.in. To injure, to be injured.

Himagsik: munghimagsik- To revolt.

Hiaod: humimod. To lick.

Minali: maghinalli, paghina- To suspect, to be suspected.

lian,

Hip6: humipo, hipiiin. To touch.

Higpit: maghigpit. To pi ess.

Hinanaklt; maghinanakit, pag- To complain of friendv^?.

hinanaktan
Hinaing: manghinaing. To implore.
Hinang: maghinang, hinangin, To solder, to be soldered.
hinangan.

Hingl: humingi, hingin. To ask, to petition.

Hinap: maghinap, hinapan. To stain.

Himanhiman: maghimanhiman, To mitigate.

himanhimanin.
 -123-
Ilinagpis: maghinagpis. To be anguished.
Hull; ipagpahiilf, ipahiili. To postpone; to be postponed
Hull: inahuli. To come late.

Hipig: mahipig. To congeal, to concrete by cold.

Hiram: humiram, hiramin. To borrow.

Hiram: niagpahir^im, pahiramin To lend, to be lent.
ipahiraiu.

Hitit; humitit. To smoke.

\i\wk: hurniwa, maghiwa. To slice; to cut in slices; to
hiw^in. wound, to be wounded.
HiyA: hurniya, hiyfiin. To shamo, to abash, to con-
found.

Iliya: mahiyA. To be ashamed.

Hiyavv: himiyaw. To cry out, to exclaim, to shout.
Hira.la: maghirala, hiralain To disappoint.
Hiral^: mahiral^. To be disappointed.
Hiwal^: huiniwala, maghiwala. To be absent.
H u bjid : mag h u bad To undress.
Hubad: hubaran. To undress, to be undressed; to

denude, to be denudt^d.

Ilubo: maghnbo. To undress.

Hulk: humula, bulaan To foretell

Huni: humuni. (Let the biixl) sing.

Hu!og: mahulog. To fall.

Hulog: maghulog, ihulo:^. To throw, to drop, to make it,

fall.

Hulog: maghulog sa ibang wika, To translate.

ihulog.

Hukay: humukay, hukayiu. To dig, to excavate.

Hukay: manghukay. 1\> V)e digging.

Hull: humuli, hulihiu. To catch, to eeize; to be caught.

Hull; manghuli. To go catching.
Hintay: maghir^tay, hintaylru To await.
 124—
Hipnd: maghipnd, humipno, To translate from one language
hipniiin, ihipn6, to another, to be tranajateii-

Hull: m^huli. To remain behind.

Hugpong: maghugpong, hug- i To joint.
pong, hngpnngan.

Hulip: humulip, manghulip, hu- To repair, to be repaired.

lipan.

Halo: humul6, huluin. To deduce,, to infer.

Hukom: humukom, hukuman, To judge, to be judged.

Hutok: humiitok, hutukin. To bend, to be bent.

Husay: maghusay, husayin. To arrange, to order, to regul-

ate, to correct.

Ibig, loob, Will.

Ibig: umibig, ibigin, To like, to loved, to bo liked.

rbig: mag-ibigan. To like each other., to love one

another.

Tngli: makaingli, magbigay To affect.

balisa, makabakla.
Ingli: maingli, mabalisa, ma- To be affected.
bakla.

Ihaw. To roast, to broil.

[h): umihh To urine, to make water.

Hag: umilagt lagan. i To avoid; to shun.
Haw: umilaw, mag ilaw, ilawari. To light.

Hit: umilit, ilitin. To distrain, to seize, to be dis-

trained.

Ingat: umingat, mag-ingat. To keep; to \;^e cautious.

Init: mag-init. To heat, to warm.
h\6: umind, inuhin. To notice.
I nog: magpainog, painugin. To s])in.
 .

— 125-
Inis: uminfs, inisiru To choke, to drown, to be choked.
lasayo: mag-insayo, insayuhirr 'J'o train one's self, to assay, •

Inom: uminom, irmmfii. To drink, to be drunk.

Isda: mangisdA,. To fish, to catch iisli.

Isip: mag-isip, umisip, isipin. To think, to intend, to consider

to mind.
IpOfi: mag-ipon, ipuriin. To gather, to collect.
ftiin: magpaitfm, paitiiuir) To blacken.
Itirri: umitiin. To become black.
Irog: urriirog. To love, to fondle.
Twaru To leave; to forsake; to quit.
I wan: rnaiwan. To remain.

Laan: maglaan, ilaan, To get ready, to provide, to

prepare.

Laan: lurnaan. To get ready, to be prepared.

liaba: maglaba, labhati. To wash, to launder.
La has: lumabas, 1'o go out.
Labas: magi abas, ilabas. To extract, to remove, to take
out.

Labas: magpalabaa, To show.

.abag:. lumabag, labagin. To violate, to infringe.
Laban: lumaban, labaaai), To resist; to fight; to contravene
Laban: maglaban. To fight, to contest.
Lakip: maglakip, paglakipin. To join, to unite.

Li kip: lumakip. To associate.

Lakip; ilakip. To enclose, to be enclosed
Fjabra: maglabra, labrahin. To work the wood, to cut the
wood.
Lakf; lumakf, To grow.
Laki: magpalakf, lakhan To increase; to enlarge.
LagJi: rnaglagSt, ilag^. To boil meat or roots.
 .

126-

Lagay: maglagay, ilagay. To put, to place, to set, to lai

Lagas: malagas. To fall (s'peaking about (he lea

ves of ireefi.)

Lakad: lumakad. To walk, to go.

Lakad: maglakad. To walk inuch.

Lakad: lakaran. To walk where.
Lakad: lakarin. Fo j;() for,

Ligak: maglagak, ilagak. Vo deposit; to repose.

Lagadlad: raaglagadlad, lagad- To develop.

lariii, lumagadlad.

Laganap: maglagariap, ilaganap, To spread, to propagate.

lumaganap,
Lagda, pilma; lumagda, pumil- To sign, to subs(5ribe
ma, lagdAan, pilmahaii.
Laklak: lumaklak. To lap.

Lagos: maglagos, lumagofi. To pai-s.

Lagari: maglagari, lumagari, To saw, to be sawed.

lagariin.

Lagi: lumagi. To endure, to last.

Lanaw, sayat; rnaglanaw, mag- To explore, to be explored.

nay at, lanawin, sayatfn.

Lagilang lumagilang, lagilangin To defeat, to be defeated; t(

destroy health or fortune.

Lait: lumait, laitin. To insult, to be insulted.

Lamas: lumamas, lamasin. To handle, to touch, to U

touched.

Lamas: maglamas* To touch much, to be t()U(*hing

Lamas: maglamas, To attack each other, to figlit.

Lapat: maglapat, ilapat. To adjust, to be adjusted

Lambal: maglamV^al, lambalin, To double, to be doubled.

paglambaHn,
Lamig: magpalamfg, palamigin. To cooL to be cooled.
 .

127-

[jfimig: lumanilg. To cool, to become cool.

Ijahid; maglahid, lahiran, ilahid. To anoint, to be anointed.

Lamay: maglamay, To wake, to watch.

Laguplop: lumagiiplop, lagup- To roll up; to carry off; to def-

lupin. eat; to absorb, to be absorbed.

Lamon: lumamon, lamunin. To swallow, to be swallowed.

Lapit: luraapit. To approach, to come near.

Lapit: maglapit, ilapit.
Lapit: rnaglapit.
F/arnbot: lumainbot.
Lambot: rnagpalatnb )t,
butin
To put it near, to have it near.
To approach each other.
To become soft.
pilam- To soften, to mollify.

Langap, langhap: lumangap, la- To breathe in.

ngapin.

Lalang; lurnalaiig, lalangdi. To invent; to institute, to be

instituted.
Lanjioy: luniangoy. To swim.
Lariii: maglarin, larinin. To amend; to mend; to com-
pound.
Lar6; niaglaro. To play, to sport, to game.
Lay^: magpalay^, palay^in. To free, to liberate.

fvaya: luma}^^. To be free.

Layag: hunayag, niaglayag. To sail, to navigate.

Layon: maglayon, layunin. To long, to aim.
Ijibak; lumibak, libakin. To mock.
Fjibang: lumibang, libangin. To divert ; to amuse ; to entertain.

Li bang, limbang; maglibang, To amuse one'g self.

niaglimbang.

Li ban: iliban, ilipat. To transfer. <

Likd: malik6. To be curved.

Lik6: likMn. To make it crooked, to crook.

Libfng: maglibing, ilibing. To bury.

 12<S—

Likmo' maglikmf), ilikrno. To seat.

Likha: lumikhA., likh^in, ma^;- To (rreat.

likha.

Ligalig: lumigalig, lisaligin. To trouble.

Ligtas: magligtas, iligtas. To free, to save, to be saved.

Lingap: lumingap, lingapin. To favor, to be favored.

Lihi: rnuglihi. To conceive.

Tiihi: ipaglilii. To be conceived.
Lingkod: maglingkod. To serve.

Lingkod: paglingknran. To be served.

Lilis: nmglilis, ililis, lilLsin. To tuck up, to tuck, to be tucked.

Ligaw: lumigaw, ligawan. To court, to love.

Ligaw: maligaw. To go astray.

Ligo: maligo. To take a bath, to bathe.

Ligo: magpaligo, paligi'ian. To bathe, to be bathed.

Liittbag: magpalimbag, liniba- To print, to be printed; togtaiup,

gin, ilimbag. to be stamped.

Limi: magliini, Uimihiii. To discuss, to be discussed.

Lilo: maglilo. To do treason; to be uagrateful;

to betray.

Lil6: maglil6, Iiirinilo, lilOin. To falsify, to forge.

Linang: maglinarig, linangfn. To cultivate, to be cultivated.

Liiiis maglinis, lumiriis, linisin. To clean, to oleaiLse.

Lipj4d; lumipad. To fly.

Lining: maglining, iumining, To investigate, to be investigated.

liningin.

Lirip: lumirip, liripin. To conceive; to cowiprehend, to

understand.

Liyag: lumiyag, liyagin. To love, to be loved.

Linas: luminaB, nriaglinaa, To exploit, to be exploited.

linaein.

Lihis: lumihiH, To deviate.

 •129-

Linlaiig: luiruuhnig, linlangin. To divert from the right way.

[jipad: lumipad. To fly.
fjiinot: lumitnot, limutin, rna- To forget, to be forgotten, can
kalimot, malimutan. be forgotten.
Li wall w: tnagliwaliw. To take vacation.
Lisan: lumisaii, maglisan, To oniit, to leave.
lisanin.
Lingo: luiningo, niagliiig<>, To mnrder, to aBi^aesinate.
linguhin.
Lihain: luiniham. To write a letter.
Liham: inaglihamaii. To correspond by letters.
Lubos: lubuHin, To complete, to be completed.
Lubag: inaglubag, lubagin, To lower the sails

ilnbag.
Lubog: lu mil bog. To sink.
Lubog: linnubog ( mg adlaw.) To Mt.
Lubalob: maL-lubalob, To wallow.
Iviiblob: !naglubl(>l), ilublob. To wallow.
Luklok: hirnuklok. To sit on the chair or throne.
L\iks(K lurnnkso. To jump; to hop.
Luh()(] : III nuhod. To kneel.
Liiiiijgati; rnagliuii;g:Lti, To tnake eff rts
[iUg() i : ina'viliigod. To congratulate.
r^iig6(l: rnalug6(i. To rejoice.
Ijiigod: inakalugtuL To make merry, to gladden.
Lugi'xl; paliiguran, prtinigan, To comply, to please.
Lulon: inHgliilon, liilunin. To roll up.
Liiglog: liirniigiog, lii^lugin. To shake.
fiUH()k: liimunok, luruikin. To swallow, U) be swallowed.
Liinsad: lunaunsad. To alight from
Lunod: luaglunod, liitminod. To drown; to choke.
r^unod: main nod. To be drowned.
Lnrnay, Inbay: Inmnmay, In- To relent.
miibay.
Liinis: lufnimMtt, lun.'ihiHu, mag- To remedy.
lunas.

Liipig: Inmiipig, Inpigin, To rob, to ransack, to enslave.

Lnra: InmnrA. To spit.
 —130-

Lusong: liimusong. To descend, to come down, to go

..
down.
Lilian:lumulan. To embark.
Lulaa: maglulan, lulanan. To load.
Liisaw: maglusaw, lusawin. To dissolv3.
Lusob: lumusob, lusubin. To invade, to be invaded.
Lutang: lumutang. To float.
Lutas: lumutas, lutasin. To resolve, to be resolved.
Lutas: lumutas, lutasin. To conclude.
Luto: mai^lutd, lutilin. To cook, to dress victuals.
Lupi: lumupi, luptin. To fold, to be folded.
Luvvalhati: lumuwalhati. To enjoy glory or beatitude.
Luwalhati: mauluwalhati. To rejoice.
Luwalhati: magpaluwalhati. To glorify.

M
Madall: magmadali.
Magd, paga: mamagA.
Maging.
Mahal: magmahal, mahalin.
Mahal: rnagpamahal, pamahalin,
mahalan.
Mahal: mamahal.
Mali: magkamall.
Malas: magmalas, malasin.
Malasmas: magmalasmas, malas-
masin.
Mana: magmana, manahin,
Man s, ban<4s: mamanas.
To hasten.
To swell.
To be, to become.
To esteeii., CO be esteemed.
To r^nse the price.
To become dear.
To be mistaken.
To ol)serve, to notice, to behold.
To perceive, to be perceived.
To inherit, to heir.
To be swollen, to be inflated.

Manda: magmanda, mandahan. To command.

(ang mga sundalo.)
Maneho, makaalam magmaneho,
: To manage.
magmakaalam.
Mangha: mamangha, To be seized with admiration; to

wonder at.
MasamA: masam&in. To take amiss.
 -131—

iMangyari, maari, maka. Can, may.

Mangyari, To happen.
MantalS.: manfcal&in, mantan^in, To review, to be reviewed.
Marapatin. Please.
Masakit, malasakit: magmala- To be interested in, to be con-
sakit, pagmalasakitan, ipag- cerned; to protect.
raalasakit.

Masid: magmasid, masdan. To observe, to notice.

Matay: mamatay. To die.
Matyag: makimatyag, pakimat- To listen, to hearken, to attend,
yagan. to hear.

May, mayrooHt There is, there are, there was,

there were; have, has, had;
there will be; will or shall
have.

Mirindal: magmirindal. To lunch, to take a luncheon.

Miting: magmiting. To hold a meeting.
Mithi: magmithi, mithiin, pag- To desire or pretend something
mithian. vehemently; to long for.

Muhi: mnhf in. To vex.

Muhi: mamuhl, To be vexed •

Muld: magmuia, mulan. To begin, to commence.

Munglay: magmunglay, mung- To crumble, to chip; to tear into

layin. pieces.

Munimuni; magmunimuni, mu- To consider, to think, to me-

nimunihin, mulimulihin. ditate.

Mumog: rnagmumog. To rinse.

Mtingkah!: magmungkahi, To suggest.

mag ayog.
Mura: mamura. To become cheap.
Mara: magpamura. To cheapen.
Mara; n)urahiii. To affront, to be affronted ; to

insult to the f^ce.

Mayag: magnriuj^ag, muyagin. To destroy by little and little;

to moulder.

Mayag: mamuyag. To moulder

 — 182-

N
NaknAT: mapjnakaw, nakawiii, To steal, to be stolen.
Naknn k : iriagnaknak To rankle, to fester.
Naknak : papagiuxknakiti. To increase the state of inflani
niation in a wound.

Namnain: numairinarr), nnnr- To taste, to be tasted.

namin.
Nas^: mHRnasit, iia.^ain, png- To desire, to wish, to be desired
nas^an.
Nasn.is: iiiHgnasiiHS, nasriHSin. To scrape, to grate; to erase.
Nisnis, nitiiit, nutiiot: Triagnis- To ravel.
nis, manisnivS, etc.

Nisnis: nisnisin. To perfricatft.

Naynay : rriagnaynay To plane, to make smooth, to

polish.

Nilayiiilay: iiiagnilaynilay. To maditate.

Nin^as: papagningasi!i, To flame.
NingaR; rnagningas. To blaze.
Ningning: magfiingiiiiig. . To glitter.
Nipis: magnipis, nipisan, To make thin or slender.
panipisfn.

Nipis: nuniipis. To become slender.

Nuynoy: magnuynoy, nuynuyin To specify.
Nuynoy: numuynoy, nuynuyfn, To deliberate.

o (.

Obon: mag-obon, urnobon, To string, to link.

obonin.
Okas: mag-okas, umokas, To imtie, to undo; to cancel.
okasin,
Okid: umokid, mag-okid, To* carve, to engrave.
Okon: umokon, mag-okon To reunite, to congregrate.
okunin.
Okop: mag-okop, okopin. To brood, to hatch.
 138-

Oiifiaw : uiaougaw. To disappear, to be lost, to be

extinguished.
Ongik: uinongik. To grunt.
Olaw: iiinolavy, olawiii To molest by impertinent ques-
tions.
Olaw: tnaolavr. To be sea sick.
Olaw: inag-olaw. To turn arounci.
(31a: umola, inag-ola. To petition, to beg, to solicit.

Oruiw: uiaonaw. To lower, to grow less.

Ofiaw: inag-onaw, onawin. To diminish, to abridge.
OiKxl: uiHonod. To thrive, to prosper, to improve,
to progress.
Opav : iDaopay, To slacken, to become cool.
Opit : uinopit, ixiag-opit, opitin. To compress, to constrain.
Onlen: niag-order^ ordinan (n^ To order, to orduin, te be or-
pagkapan.) (iered, to be ordained.

Pabaya; magpabaya, pabayaan. To abandon, to forsake; to give

up; lo leave, to let; to neglect,
to be abandoned, to be
neglected.
Paalam: m..gpaalani. To take leave.
Pako: magpakd, ip.iko, pakuan. To uail, to fasten with nails.

Pakli: pumakli. To reply.

Pakimul>iiog: makinabang, paki* To benefit, to profit.
nabanjiaa.
Padab\ : magpadal6, ipadala, pa- To send, to be sent.
dalhan.
Pagod: pumagod, pagurin. To tire.

Pagod: mapagod. To be tireii.

Pagod: magpagod. To procure, to work, to endea-

vor, to take pains.
Pagal: magpagAl. To work, to endeavor, to take
pain».

(.) Halos ang lahat ng mga badying ito na na^miimula

sa O, ay galing sa wikJing ilokano.
 134—
Pagal; mapagal. To be tire(l with the work.
Pakita: magpakita, ipakita To show, to be shown.
Pagpag: magpagpag, ipagpag, To jerk, to beat, to strike.
pagpagin.
Pagkit: pftgkitan To wax, to fill with wax.
Pangako: mangak6. To promise.
Pan^ulo: maagulo, panguluhan. To preside, to be presided.
Pangurong: mangurong. To shrink.
Panganyayii: manganyayi. To damage, to harm.
PangaMs: mangahfts. To dare, to venture.
Pangalawfi: pumangalawa, pa- To second.
ngalawahan.
Pahid: pumahid, raagpahid, pa- To wipe.
hirin.
Ptthayag: magpahayag, ipa- To manifest, to declare.
hayag»
Pahayag: niagpahayag. To publish.
Pahinga: magpahinga, magrpa- To rest.
hingalay.
Pahintulot: magpahintulot. To permit, to allow.
Palagay: ipalagay, To suppose.
Paluwal: magpaluwal, pagpa- To bail.
luwalan.
Palangas: magpalangas. To boast.
Palayas: magpalayas, palayasin. To expel, to drive out.
Palpal, pilpil, pipis: magpalpal, To crush, to be crushed.
ipalpal, palpalin, pilpilin,
pipisin, magpilpil, magpipis.
Palit: pumalit, magpalft, ipallt. To ehange, to be changed.
palitan*
Palit: magpalit, magpalitan. To exchange.
Pamyti, palamuti: magpamiiti, To decorate, to adorn, to
magpalamuti, pamutihan, pa- beautify.
lamutihan.
Panaog: manaog, panaugan. To come down, to go down.
Panaog: ipanaog, To take it down.
Pariayam: magpanayjim. To hold a conference, to hold :^r

interview.
 135-

Panayam: maglugay ng To deliver a lecture, to lecture.

pana3^am.
Panimdim: nianimdim. To mind, to think.
Paninton: niatnaQinton. To profess.
Panihul^: manihalSi; magpani- To dispose.
hal^, inagmanihaljl.
Pauirahan, panahanan: manira- To reside, to dwell.
han, manahanan*
Panaghili: nianaghili. To envy.
Panaginip, pangarap: mana- To dream.
ginip, mangarap.
Panatili: manatili. To persevere^ to persist.
Panood: maaood. To look at, to behold a show or
spectacle.
Panigama: magpanigama, paiii- To reproduce, to be reproduced.
gamahin.
Panibago: magpanihago, pani- To renew, to be* renewed.
baghuin.
Panalangin : manalangin. To pray.
Panaw: pumanaw To go, to depart.
panaw: niagpapanaw. To banish.
Paris: pumaris, parisan, pama. To imitate, to be imitated.

risan.

Paris: pagparisin, i par is. To compare, to be compared.

Parusa: rnagparusa, parusaban. To punish, to be punished.
Parito: pumarito. To come.
Paroon: pumaroon. To go.
Parti: niagparti, partihin. To part, to divide.
Pasok: pumaaok, To enter; tojro in, to come in.
Parami: magparami, paramihin. To multiply, to be multiplied.
Pasa: puraasa. To pass.
Pasiya: magppsiya, ipasiya, pa- To resolve, to determine, to
siyahan, decide. \

Pasyal: magpasyal. To walk for exercise or amuse

ment; to take a walk.

Pashuig: pumaslang, paslangin, To hurt, to abuse, to maltreat.

mamaslang.
 •136-

PatHs: iiiagpatas, pagpatasii). To equalize; to make equal; ap

plied to tbe number of vote.^.
Patibi! magpataU^, patab&an. To rnaiiure.
Paf/iy: pumatAy, patayfn. To kill; to extinguish.
Patf^y: mntrpakanriat iv, ina^bi^ti To suicide.
F^atay: patayin ang ilaw. To put out tbe ligbt.
Pata^: patkgin. To level.
Patawr;i(i: mai|;pataw;i<l, pata- To pardon, to forgive, to be
warirK forgiven.
Patid : purnatfd, patirin. To cut a string.
Patid anu; bininRa: rnapatdlan'g- To expire.
binin a.

Pat;ik : pumatak. To drQp, to fall drop by drop.

Pallia:: inagpitlig, if)atlig. To demonstrate.
Pa.toag: raagf) itoiig, ipatong. To put sometliirig upon anotber.
Putoii:;: rn^iKputong, putun^an, To (»rovvn, to be crowned.
rnagkorona, koronaban.
Patotoo: magpatotoo, patoto- To affirm, to certify, to assure.
banaii.
Pauley: magpatuloy. To oontinue, to pursue.
Pawis: r»iagpawris, pagpawi^an, To sweat.
Payag: pmnayag, payagan. To accede, to comply, to consent.
Pawl: pumawl. pawiio. 7^0 cause to vanish, to blot or
efT>ice.

Pavfi: ma pawl. To vanish.

Pawl, param: rnapawi, ma[);iram. To vanish.
Payi: magpayi, pumayi. payibin. To blot or efface a writing.
Petsa: petsahan. To date, to be dated.
Pikit: pumikit, ipikit ang rrma To cloie one's eyes.
nciata

PiktA op pigtA: uiapikta og mn- To be soaked.

pigtS,.

Piga; pumigA, magpiga, pig.iin. To squeeze.

Pi^il: purnigil, pigilin. To detain.
Pigil: magpigil. To contain, to keep one's tem-
per, to refrain.
Piit: pumiit, piitfn. To arrest.
Pihit; pumibit. To turn.
 -137-

*iho: pumiho, pihuhin, To fix.

'ilit: purnilit, pilitin, mamilit, To compel, to oblige; to foroe, to
enforce.
i^ilit: mapilitan. To be compelled.
intuhd: pumintuhd, pintahuin To venerate.
ilma; pumilma, pilmahin. To Bign.
Piral: pumiral, piralin. To pinch.
Pilipit: pumilipit. pilipitin. To twist.
rinsa: pumirinsa, prinsahln. To iron.
Prinsa: mamirinsa. To be ironing.
Pill: pumiii, piliin. To choose, to select.
Pirito, sanday: pirituhin, •an- To fry, to be fried.
dayin.
Pisk: pumisft, pis&in. To make burst, to break some-
thing like eggs or furuncle.
Pitas: pumitas, pita«in. To gather or pick the leaves or

fruits.
Pisan: pumisan, magpiian, pisa- To add. to be added,
nin, ipisan.
Pisan: magpisan, magkapisan. To associate, to meet, to join.
Pisang: magpisang, pisangin. To part, to divide into pieces.
Pita: magpita, pitahm. To long for, to desire.
Pisil: pumisil, pislin. To compress.
Poot: mapoot, kapootdn. To hate, to be hated.
Pitik: purnitik, pitikln. To fillip.
Piyapis: piyapisin, To attack.
Pukaw: pumukaw, pukawia, To arouse; to inspire, to awaken.
ipuftuw.
Puksd: pumuksix, puksiiin. To exterminate, to extinsuiih.
Pukpok: pumukpok, pukpukin To drive, to be driven, to
hammer.
Pugot: punuigot, pugutin, pu- To behead.
gutan. ^

Pa gay: magpugay. To take one's, hat off aj a sign of

reverence.
Pula, pintas: pumintas, pumul^, To censure, to blame; to be
pul&an, pintasan. blamed.
Pulot: makapulot, mapulot. To find, to be found.
 — 138-
Pulot: pulutin. To piok up^ to gather*.
Pulot:mamulot* To gather, to go or be gather! hg.
Punyagi: magpimyagf. To make efforts, to eadeavor.
Punit; pumunit, pmiitin. To tear.
Piinit: mnpunit. To be torn*
Pugnaw: pumugnaw, pngn wfn. To biirn^ to consume.
Puri: pumuri, purihin. To praise; to applaud.
Pari; magpuri. To glorify, to praise.
Pari: pApurihan. To honor^ to be honored.
Pandar: magpundar, ipundar. To found, to be founded.
Pusyon: magpusyon, pugyunin. To fuse.
Pati: raagpaputt^ paputiin. To whiten.
Patt: pumutl. To become white, to show
whiteness/
Puti: pumuti, piitihin. To pick fruita.
Pusta: pumusta, To bet.
Pusta: pustahln. To cut the fish into parts.
Putol: pumutol^ patulin^ putlin. To cut^ to be cut,
Pulpol: pulpulin. To flatten.
PunA: pumunA^ magpund, To fill.
punAin.
Puspog; pumuspos, puspusin. To fill.
Putok: pu!nut6k. To burst, to shoot; to expIo(ie.
Put6k: magpaputok. To cause to shoot to have shoot.
;

Puyat: mapiiyat, To keep on^'s self awake, to be

watchful.
Puyat: purauyat, puyatin. To keep awake.
Puyok/tuk&: puyukin, tuk&in. To peck.

R f-)

Raas: magraas- To feign; to fancy.

Rabiw; rumabftw. To exalt one's «elf; to overcome.
Rabnfs: rUmabnis, rabnisin, To separate, to disjoin; to carry
off precipitately.

Rakab: magrakab. To tie, to fabten.

Rakud: rumakud, rakurin. To glean, to gather.
 ,

139—

Ruib: rumaib. To penetrate.

Raiin: rumaini. To yield, to submit to another
reverently

Raip: magraip iraip. To transplant.

Ragtiy: riiiY)agay. To vibrate.
Rago: magrago. To be merry, to rejoice.
Ragpuyo: runiagpuyo To incline.

Rtigup: magragdp. To join, to meet.

Repaso: magrepaso, repasuhin. To review.

Rayab: rumayab. To move from one side to an-

other; to flutter.

Rai)gin: runiangin. To grow; to be inflamed.

Ranggod: magranggod, rang- To obtain.
guriii.

Ranod: magranod. To communicate.

Rapid: rumapid, rapirin. To cut by the trunk or root; to

chop off.

Regale: raagregalo. To give a present.

Retab: riimetab. To begin to vegetate or ger-
minate.

Renek: magrenek. To cause great pains or trouble.

Rikna: magriknd. To feel, to perceive, to foresee,

to prove; to taste-

Ringpas: magringpas. To terminate, to close, to finish

Ripirip: magripirip. To infer.

Risang: rumisang. To rend, to tear; to withdraw
from.

Rising: rumising, To withdraw from.

Rakib: rumukib, rukibin. To excavate.
Rukob: rumukob. To subdue, to subject.

lluwam: niaruwam To become acgustomed.

Rupikal: magrupikal, rurtmpikal To chime, to ring the bells.

rupikalin.
Ruknoy: rumuknoy. To bow.
Rukwas: magrukwas. To undertake.
 - 140—
Rugnay: rumugnay, rugnayin. To undo, to destroy; to efface.

Rumbing: rumumbing. Ta sprout; to appear iigain.

Rups6: marupso. To spoil.

s.

Saad: inagsaad, isaad. To inform, to report.

Sabi: magsabi, sabihin. To ^ay, to tell, to be said, to b
told.
Sabog: magsabog, isabog. To scatter.
Sakay: magsak^y, surnakay. To embark.
Sakjiy: surnakay, sakayan. To ride.
Saklolo: sumaklolo, saklolohan. To succour, to aid, to hel{), t

supply.
Baklaw: sumuklaw, saklawin, To comprise.
Sakit: sumakit. To feel pain, to ache.
Sakit: saktan- To hurt.
Sakft: mngkasakit. To fall ill or sick.
Sakft: makapagkasakit, papag- To make sick.
kasaktin,
Saka: magsaka, sakahin, To till the land, to cultivate thi

soil, to farm.
akdal; magsalrdal, isakdal. To claim protection; to com-
plain, to lay petition in a cour
of justice.
Sagas^: surnagas^, makasagasJi, To trample, to be trampled.
masagas^iaa.
Sagabal, sagwil; makasagabal, To embarrass, to obstruct, to pu
makasagwil. obstacle.

Sagot: sumagot, sagutin, isngot. To answer, to reply.

Sala: sumaln. To fail, to miss.
Sala: magkasala. To sin, to offend.
Sala: salahin. To reject, to reprove.
Sali: mngsala, sal^in. To filtor, to filtrate.

(•) Halos ang lahat ng mga badyang ito na nagmumul

ea Ry ay galing sa ilokano.
 u-

Sala: inugkasjila, masald. To be out of joint, to sprain, to

have sprain.
Salang; saling: 8iitnalan<^, suma- To touch, to be touched,
ling, salangin, salingin.
Salita: magsalita, salitain, To talk, to speak.
Salingit: magsalingit, isalingit. To intercaUite, to interpose.
Sama: snmaina, satnahan. To go with, to come with; to ac-

company.
Sam a: isama. To add, to be added.
Sama; magsarna. To join.
Sama: raagsama. To make a partnership.
Salubong: sumalubong, salu- To go, to meet.
bungin.
Sama: siimama. To become currupted or de-
praved, to become bad.
Samsam: snmamsam, samsamiii. To despoil.
Sambit: 8umambit, sambitin. To call, to invoke.
Sambitla-' sumambitla, sam- To in oke, to be invoked.
bitlain.
Sangga: sumangga, sanggahiii. To detain or stop the blow.
Sanay: saiiayin, To train, to be trained.
Sanay: magsanay. To exercise.
Salin: sumalin, saliuiiu To copy, to be copied.
Saliii: magsaliii, isalin, To pour, to be poured.
Sanggop; sumanggop, magsang- To treat
gop, sanggupin.
Sam6: Bumamd, isamd, samuan. To beg, to implore, to request,
to be requested.
Sandat: sandatin, masandat. To stuff, to be staffed.
Samba smnamba, sambahin.
: To worship, to adore, to be
adored.
Sampalataya: sumampalataya, To believe, to be believed.

sampalatayanan.
Sara: magsard, sarhan, isara. To close, to' shut, to be shut, to

be closed.

ang-ayon: sumang-ayon, sang- To approve: to comply with, to

ayunan. yield.
 . y

—142-

SaclyA: magstvlya, sadydin. To prepare, tO/ intend, to design,

to make special, to do some-
thing purposely.
Sambot; sainbutin. To stretch out the hands for
catching.
Sam hot: makasambot. To retrieve
Salarnat: magpasalamat, pagpa- To thank.
salamatan, pasalamatan,
Sanhi: magsanht, makasanhi, To cause.
maging sanhi.
Sanl^: magsanla, isaiilA. To pledge, to pawn.
Salagsag: sumalagsag, salagsagin- To reprove, to be reproved.
Salapid, tirintas: salapirin, To braid the huir.
tirintasin.
Salaiigsang: aumalangsang, sa- To oppose.
langsangin
Salakay: gumalakay, salakayin. To asgiiult, to be assaulted.
Salund: masaluniian, matakwat. To surprise, to overtake.
Sansala: sumansal^, sansalMn. To binder, to impede/ to forbid.
Sangag: mugsangag, isangag. To toast, to be toasted.
Sandal: magsandal, isandaL To approach, to make lean
upon.
Sandal; sumandal. To leufi upon.
Sariw^: manariwa. To grow green again.
Saya: mageaya, To rejoice.
Sayaw: magsayaw. To dance.
Sayang: sayangin. To waste.
Sauli: nnagsauU, isauli. To return, to restore.
Saway; sumaway, sawayin To correct, to reprehend, to im.
pede, to forbid.
Saysay: magsaysay, saysayin, To declare, to manifest, to nar-
isaysay. rate, to recite, to tell, to relate.
Salaysay: magsalaysay, salaysa- To explain.
yin, isalaysay.
Sibiik: magsibal^:, «ibakin. To split.
Sikap: magsikap, sikapin. To labor; to procure.
Singil: sumingil, singilin. To recover, to collect.
Sigaro: sumiguro, fiiguruhin. To secure, to insure, to assure.
 •

-143-

Sigaw: sumigaw. To cry out, to shout.

Silab: sumilab, silabin, silabfirj, To set on fire, to burn.
magsilab.
Sinta: sumlnta, «intahfn. To love, to bt loved.
Sinta: magsintahan. To love each other or one
another.
j^inop: magsiiiop, sinupin. To keep; to heed
Sigla: magpasigla, pasiglahlii^ To encourage, to be ericouraged.
sumigla.
Silang: sumilangw To rise, to appear on thd horizon,
to be born.
Sinungaling, bulauu: magsinu- To lie. .

ngaling, magbulaan.
Sipol: sumipol, sumuUot. To whistle.
Sipol: sumipol, To pipe.
Sipsip» supsop: sumipsip, sumup- To BUck, to sip.
sop; sipsipin, supsupfn.
Silig; sumilig. To transcend, to go beyond.
Sir^.: samir^, sir^in. To destroy, to undo.
Simula: magsimula, To begin, to commence, to «tart»
vSirS, ng puri, sir^an ng puri. To defame, to dishonor.
Siphayd: sumiphayd, siphayuin. To reproach, to censure.
Si pot: sumipot. To appear.
Sisi: magsisi. To repent.
Sisi : sumisi, aisihin, To reprimand, to accuse, to
blame.
Sisid: sumisid. To plunge into the water, to dive
Sindi: magsindi, i^indihiin, To kindle to light.
Siste: magsiste. To joke. '

Siya: magkasiya. To be contained, to fit.

vSiyasat: magsiyasat, siyasatin. To search, to investigate.
Sub^; manubk, sub^in. To deceive, to defruud.
Subo: sumub6. To boil.
Subo: magpasubo, pasubuhin, To boil. *

pakulAin.
Subok: suraubok, manubok, su- To waylay, to lie in ambush
bukan^
 -144-

Subok: surnubok, snbiikin, To try, to examine, to prove, to

give evidence.
Subok: surnubok, subukin. To compart one thing with an.
other.

Subok: masubukan, marapatan, To surprise, to be surprised, to

be caught in the act itself.

Suka: sumuka, isuka, To vomit.

Suklay: suinuklay, suklayin, To comb.
Suko: sumuko. To surrender, to yield.
Sugat; surnugit, sugatan, ma- To wound,
kasugat.
Subci* sumubd, isubd. To put a morsel or food in one\^
mouth.
Sukat: sumukat, sukatin. To measure.
Sug^l: njagsugal. To gamble.
ugo: magsugd, suguin. To send an ambassador or deputy.
Sukli: magsukll, sukllan. To change money.
Sungkad: euraungkad, sung- To measure; to compare one
karin» measure with another.
Sulit: siiniulit, sulitin. To examine, to be examined.
Sulit: magsulit. To give account, to take exami-
nation.
Sulat: sumulat, sulatiu. To write, to be written.
Sulat: magsulat, To write much.
Sulam: magsulam. To embroider.
Sumbong: magsumboiig, isum- To accuse, to denounce.
bong.
Sumpong: makasumgong, m^- To meet, to be met.
sumpung^n,
Sumpong: sumuinpong, sumpu- To assault, to tempt, to be as-
ngin. saulted, to be tempted.
Sumakit: niagsumakit, pagsu- To take pains.
makitan.
Sumang; sumumang, sumangfn, To resist, to oppose, to contradict
Sundd: sumundd, sundAin. To call, to go for.

Sundo: masundilan. To find, to be found.

 •Mo-

J^undd: jnagkasundo. To settle on friendly

dilTereniteB
tennH/ to have ngreemenl, lo
have eoiu»ord.
Siinog: fluaiuaog, niisiinog, To hurn, to be burnt.
sunugin,
Sunsid; suiuunsid, iviagsuiisid, To reduce, lo abridge.
sunsirin.
Supil: siiimipil, supilin. To overcome.
Suiiod, talima: siununod, tuuia- To obey.
lima, suridin, talimahiiK
Sunod: sumunod, 1\) follow.

Suloiig: sumulong. To improve, to progress.

Sulong: isulong, To push
Sulong: niagpasulong. To «timulate.
Sulong: sumulong. To go forward, to advance.
Sulong: sulungaiK To attack; to give, to pay.
Sulsi: magsulsi, fulsihan, 'lo darn, to patch up in haste.
8'ulid: magsulid, sulirin, To spin, to be spun:
SumpA, tungayaw: sumumpa, To curse, to be cursed.
tumungayaw, sumpain, tunga-
yawin.
Sumpa; manumpd, sumpaan, To swear, to make oath, to be
paiiumpaan. sworn.
Suri: sumuri, magsuri, Buriin. To inquire, to examine.
Suway: sumuway, suwayin. To disobey, to contravene.
Suwail magsuwail
: To rebel.
Suso, ut-ut: sumuso, susuhin, To suck.
umut-ut, ut-utfn.
Suso: mageuso, susuhan. To set (ire to.
Suuy: magsuuy, pagsuuyfn. To proportion.
Suya: masuy^, To have distaste.
Sunok: musunok. To feel disgust, to loathe.

Taas: mngtaas, itaas, To raise, to lift up.

Taas: uiigtnas, itaas. To elevate.
Taas: tumaas. To become high, to be eleVated;
to ascend/ to be promoted.
 146-

Taba: turn a ha. To grow fat.

TabiV inagpataba,. patabain; To fatten.
turn aba.

Tabog: tumabog. To grurnl>le.

Tabil: tiimabil, nihgtabil. To pratUe, to talk much.
cut the cloth as a tailor; to
Tabas: turnabas, tal>i»sau. 'I'o

shape.
Tabas: tumabis, inajitabas, tabju To cut olMhe branches of the

sin, paglabasiu. trees.

Taban: tumaban, tabanau. To sustain, to hold.

Tabon magtabon, tabu nan.
:
To cover something with earth.

Tabon: magtal)on. To make a terrace.

Taboy; magtaboy, ituboy, ipag* To (liive, to be driven.
tabuyan.
Takal; tumiikal, magtakal, taka- To measure grains or liquor.
lin. ^ ,

Takbo; tumakbo. To run.

Takot: matakot, katakutan. To fear, to dread, to be afraid.
Takot: tumakot, takutin. To frighten, to discourage; to
ir»timidate; to terrify.

Takas: tumakas. To Hee, to escape.

Taka: ma^taka pagtalchan. To wonder.
Takda: magtakdS,, itaktla, tak- To determine, to lix

da^n.
Takip: tumakip, magtaklp, tak- To cover,
pan.
Takwil: turnakwil, inagtakvvil. To reject, to refuse.
Tagai: turnagal, magtagal. TTo last.
T^gal: magtngal. To remain or continue long in a
place; to delay.
Tago: magtago, itago. To hide, to keep.
Tago: magtagd, tumago. To hide.
Tuksil : magtttksil. To betray; to do foolishness.
Tadhank; magtadhan^. To advise.
Tangi, tingi: magtangi, magti- To distinguish, to be distinguish,
ngi, tumangi, turning), tangiin, ed.
tingi in.
 — 147-
Tanggol, sanggalang; magtaiiggol, fo ailvocate, to defend,
inagsanggahing, ipagtanggol,
ip gfsanggalang.
Tangkakal: magtuiigkakal, tii- To <lefen<i.

niangkakal.
Tanggi: tnmanggi, lauggihan. To deny, to resist, not to
accept.
Tninfea, pat^ainga: nianainga, })n- To listen, to be attentive.

naingahaii.
Tagubilin: magtagubilin, itagu))i- To recommend, to be recom-
lin, ipagtagnbilin mende(].
Tanghal: magtanghaK itanghal. To exhibit, to expose.
Tagay: tnmagay, tagayan. /Po drink to soniebody's health.
T<;guyod : magtagiiyod, tuma- To lead:
gnyod.
I'^'^g^y- magtaglay. To bring, to carry, to bear.
Tadtad: tumadtad, tadtarin, njag- To chop.
tad tad.
Tagpo: !nikatagpo, magtagptian. To m^et. to find.
Tagpi: magtagpt, tagpian. To mend clothes, to patch.
Tanggap: tnmanggap, tanggapin. To receive, to be received.
Tanglavv: tumanglaw, tangiawan, To light the thing which is far

magtanglaw. off.

Tanggal: tnmanggal, mngtanggal, To draw out nails; to disjoin.

tanggalin.
TanQJ»: tuman|;i«. To weep,
Tanyag-,. magtanyag, itanyag. To manifest, to show, to ex-
hibit.
Talindaw, kintang: magtalindaw, To play mnsic.
magkintang, mangintang, ku-
mintang,
Fala: magtala, itala. To register; to seal, to stamp;
to inecribe.
Pall: magtali, tumali, itah, talian. To tie, to bind, to be tied, to be
bound. *

Tahi: tumahi, manahl, tahiin. To sew.

Pahimik: tumahimik. To keep silence, to be silent or
quite.
 ,

•MS—
Tala?, tall in: patalasiii, patalii^Jin. To sharpen)
Tttlay: magtalaj', italay. fo arrange, to put in (Un^ plnc:(

or order
Talad: tumalad, makitakid. To tiglit/ to contend.
Talo: magtalo. To' dispute.
Tampulasun: tumampalasan, To treat ill, to maltn^nt.
tampalasanin manampalasan
;

Tanak: magtanak, tanakin. To refine.

Tanan: magtanan. To escape, to make one s <'8(*ape.
Tanda: tuinaada. To grow old.
Tatida: magtanda, tandaan. '
To mark»' to note; to mind.
Tangka: ma^tangka, tangkafn. To purpoi^e.
Tarn fa: tumamis. To become sweet.
Tamis: patamisin. To sweeten, to dulcify
Tangkilik: tumangkilUs ma*>lang- 1'o po8se<s; to proteitt.
kilk, tatiukilikin.
TTalab: tumalab. To penetrate.
Ta'jgkas: magtmgkas manajig To make bun<die.s of leaver.
kas.
Talwas: magtalwai^, italwas. To banish, to be banished; to
exile, to be exiled.
TTalob:mngtidob ng aklat. To bin<l books.
Taliwakas: tumaliwakas. Fo retract, to go bak from one'?*
word.
Talamitam; magtalamitam, ma- To treat, to deal witli; to have
kitalamitam. intercourse.
Taman: magtamfin. To devote, to dedicate; to jhmsc-
vere with teuacity
Tamay: tumamay, tamayin. 1 o compel, to oblige.
Tamo: magtamo, tamuhin. To enjoy, to obtain.
Tamasa: magtamana. To enjoy very much, to have
possession or fruition of; to
Satiate; to regale.
Talo; tumalo, manalo. To \ariquish, to win.
Tulo mat.ilo, talunin. I'o be vanquished, to lose.
'falop: magtalop, tuluj)an. To peel, to strip oif.
Tahol; tumaliol To bark.
Tahan: tumahan, manahan. To inhabit, to live.
 •

— 1(9-
Tahan: tuinaha'n. To stop, to be quiet.
Taiidis: tuniandis, magtandis. To certify, to assure, toatfinn.
'I'anong: tumanong, nnigtanoiig, To question, to ask a question,
tanungin, itanong. to interrogate

Tatftg: magtatiig, itats^'g. To establish.

Tatag: ifiagtatag, itatag. To found.
Tapos: turnapos, tapusin. To finish.
Tapes: uiatapos. To be finished.
Tapes: rnagtapas. To end, to be ending. .

Trahaho: magtivtbaljo, tuniara* To work.

l)..h().

Tasa: inagtaj?a, tasahan. To sharpen tlie pencil.

Trttwa: tuinatwA, itatwii, t;it To den3\

waan,
Tawa: tumawa, tiwanan. To hiugh at.
Tanlrn: mngtanim, itanini. To plant to sow. ;

Taiilag: magtanlag, itanlag, To transplant.

Tap(>: magtapo, tuiinapo, ta- To effect.
puin.
Tawid tUTiiawul.
: '^I'o ford, to wade.
Tapang: tuninpang. To become brave, to bo encou"
raged. *

TapaT>g, hinapang: inanghina- To encourage oneV self.

pang.
Tasta.s: tiimnstas, tastasfn. To rip, to unseam.
Tawag: tumawa^. tawagin. To call, to be called.
Tawag magtawag, ipagtavva^. To proclaim, to be proclain.ed.
Taya: tumayA, itaya. To put sonrie money in the game
or gambling; to wager.

Tay6: magtayo ng gu.salt, ila.vo. To buiUl, to be built.

Tay6: tuinayd. To stand.
Tayba: tumayba, tay)>ahan To prove.
Tibay: tumibay. To beceme<Ftrong.
Tibay: magtibay, pagtib.iyiii. To fortify, to strengthen; to ap-
prove, to pjss.

Tibay: rnagpatibay, papagtiba- To contirm, to corn dx) rate.

yin.
 — lAO-
Tibay: munibay. To prop up, to be supported.
TibAg: tiimibiig, nn:».(iibag. To destroy by little and little.
ribag: matibag. To moulder, to fall.

Tikayi: aliw^iy, ma^tikaya, mag- To recover from sickness

aliway.

Tdca: mugtika, pagtik.dmn To purpose.

TikmA: magtikmA. To go on some business.
Tikmd: manikmA. To goon business.
Tikmfl.: magtikmA. To negotiate.
Tikom itikom ang bibig. To close one's mouth.

Tikim: :lumikim, tikman. To taste.

Tigas: tumiga^. To become hard, to grow hard.

Tigas: manigas* To turn stiff.

Tigas: m igpatigas, patigasin To make hard, to harden.

Tigambny: magtigambay, tigam- To consolidate, to compact, to

bayia. harden.

Tigambay: tumigambay. To consolidate, to grow lirm.

Tigil: tumigil, itigil. To stop.

Tiis: magtiis ng hi rap. To undergo troubles.

Tiis: magtiis, tiisin. To suffer.

TiU: tumila. To cease raining.
Tilas: tumilas, tilasin. To tear, to rend, to ln(»^ratr.

Tingid: tumingid, magtingid, ti- To distinguish

ngirin.

Tiim: tumiim. To infiltrate.

Tingln: tumingin, tingnan. To look, to look at, to behold, to

be beheld.

Tingalft: tumingala, tinUalAln, To look up.

og tingalin.
Tingkjib 0^ tingkag: tumingkab, To take off the lock, to disjoint

tumingkag, tingkabiii. with violence.

Timbang: tumimbang, timba- To weigh.

ngin.
Tinggal: magtinggal, itirjggal. To store.

TilAd: magtilAd, tilarin. To cut something into small

parts.
 "1.51.
Tina: magtiti^, tumijn&, tin^in,
tinanii.
Tinag: turviinaR, tinagin
Tiiuli: magtindi, tindihan.
Tindi: tumindi.
Tindig: matindig, tumindig.
Tindig: mngtindig, itindig,
Tining : turnining.
rigmak: mitigtnak.
Tipoa: magtipon, tipuaiii.
Tipon: magkatipon,
Tipid: magtipf(l, tipirin.
Tira: tiimira, tirahin.
Tira: tumira.
Tira: matir^.
Tira: rnagtira, tirlian.
Tilainhos: tumilatnbort.
Tiyak** tiiniiyak, tiyakin.
Tisod: rn^^tisod.
Tiwal^: niftgtiwala, magkati-
^
wali\.
Tiwalk, paniwalk: maniwala,
paniwaUan.
Tiwalag: magtiwalag, itimtlag.
Tiwalag: tumiwalag.
TiwasAy, tahimik: tumiwaHfiy,
tuinahimik.
Tub6: tiimubd.
TubA: magpatubo.
Tubo: magtub6.
Tubo: tumubos, tubusiu.
Tukd: tumuk&, tuk&in og tukin.
TudIA; tumndlA, tudldin.
Tukso: tiimukso, tuksuhin.
Tukoy: tumiikoy, tukuyin.
To dye, to be dyed.
To move.
To press, to burden.
To become beavj or strong.
To stand up, to rise.
To raise.
To subside, as liquors.
.To be soaked.
To collect, to gather.
To join, to meet, to assemble.
To econoirnze, to save.
To shoot, to throw.
To live, to reside.
To remain.
To keep the part of a thing for
some person.
To crack, to break out into fury
or rage.
To fix, to determine.
To stumble.
To trust in, to confide.
To believe, to be believed.
To separate; to excomunicate.
To part; to withdraw.
To be calm, to be tranquilized.
To grow; to be born; to shoot.
To practise usury.
To gain, ,
To redeem, to rescue.
To pick, to peck.
To shoot, to be shot.
To tempt.
To name, to fix, to reffer to.
 52

T\»kl iumuklas, tuklusin;

J^r \ni\- To jiiid; to dise<)V(*r; to he found.
katukl IS, matuklas, niatu-
klasan.
TuKoy: magtugoy, tuguyiii. To amend.
TiigcSn: tumugiSn. To correspond; to answer.
Tugtog; tunriugtog. To play on ft nuisicnl instrnnKMit''
to ring a hell.
Tudloy: tumiulloy, tudluyin. To addres.
Tug pa: tumugpa. To set sail; to stirt; to go tollie
river or harhor; to embark;
to take to tlie harhor.

Tungo: tumungo, tunguliiii. To aim.

Tango: tumungo. To go to.
Tuiigo; tunghaii. To look down.
Tungo: makitungo, pakitu- To deal with.
nguhau.
Tunghay: tuiuunghay, tung- To look, t<> •'^^?^.

hayan.
Tulo: tumulo. To drop.
Tuhid: tuuiulad, tularan. To imitate.
Tulad; magtulad, itulad. To compare.
Tuliog: magtuhog, tumuhog, To link.

tuhugiiK
Tunggali: turnungguli, tungga- To contend, to. struggle, to
lun, tnagtunggali, makitung- strive; to debate.
gall.

Tulog: njatulog. To Hleep

Tunaw: in.gtunaw, tumunaw. To melt, to liquefy, to disst)lve.
tunawin.
Tunaw: mi»tunavv. To he melted, to he dissolved.
Tulong: tumulong, lulungan, To helj), to ai<l, to assist.
Tungtong: tumungtong, tungtu- To put one's feet upon something.
ngan.
Tulak: in:igtulak, itulak. To push, to press forward.
Tuligsa: tumuligsa, tuligsain. To criticise.
runay: niagpatunay, patunjiyan, To certify, to assure, to affirm;
to demonstrate, to prove.
Puring: niagltiring. To express.
 153-

T^rd: raagturo, turuan, itnrd. To teach, to be taught; to sho\v

the way.
Tunog: tumiinog. To sound.
Tulis: magtvilis, tulisan; patu To sharpen.
lisin.

Taloy; tumuloy. To hoi-t, to lodge.

Tuloy: magpatuloy, ipatuloy, To pursue, to continue.
Tuloy: tumuloy. To come in, to go in.
Tuloy: magpatuloy, patuluyin. To admit one into our house:
Tuloy: ituioy To continue, to be continued.
Tunton: tumunton, tuntunin. To follow the way.
Tuus: tumuus, magtuus, tuusln. To clear accounts, to liquidate
debts.
Tuto: raatuto, matutuhan. To learn.
Totoo: tumotoo, magtotoo, toto- To do something in truth.
hanin.
Totoo: magpatotoo, patotohanan. To certify.
Tutol: tumutol. tutulan. To protest.
Tuwid: tumuwid. To erect, to rise upright.
Tuwid: manuwid. To grow upright, to grow stiff.
Tuwid: magtuwid,< tunirfn. To f^rect, to make straight, to
rectify.
Tuway: magtuway. To exchange, to permute.
Tuya; tumuya, tuyafn. To flatter ironically.
Tuyag: magtuya^?, tumuyag. tu To make straight.
yagin,
Tuy6: matuyd. To dry.
Tuyo: magpatuy6, patuyftin To dry, to dry up.

u
Ubo: umub6, ubuhin.. To cough.
Ubo: mag-ubo. To cough strongly
Ub6: magub6. To transplant.
Ubay^: magpaubay^, ipaubayiL, To trust or respect a person by
allowing him to do our work.
[Jbos:umubos, ubusin. To finish, to consume.
Ubos: maubos. To be finished.
 ^

— !r,4-

(Tkol: mag-ukol, iiikol. To apply, to be applied; to ad

just; to proportion.

(Jkol : mamkol To belong, to concern, to per

tain; to accomodate, to (it

to suit.

fJga iimugft, ugaiii. To stirabout, to move, to shake

Ugoy: mag-ugoy, iiguyin. To move, to shake.
[Jgoy: urn ugoy. To stagger, to shake.
Udyok: mag lulyok, umudyok, To incite, to be incited; to
udyukan, udyukin. seduce.

Uiiali: iDag-ugall, To l>ehave.

Ugali: magkaugali, pagkaugaljan. To use, to be arcustomed.
IJnga: umiingd. To roar, to groan: applied tc

young carabaos.
Ungal: uoiUDga]. To howl, to yell, to cry.

Ungol: uniungol. To grumble, to murmur.

Uhaw: mauhaw. To be thirsty.
Ulik: mag-ulka, umulak, nlakin, To reel.

Ulan: uriiulan. To rain

Ulat: mag-ulat, iiilat. To report; to inculcate.
Ulit: umulit, ulitin, To repeat, to reiterate.
(Hit: mag-ulit. To persiet, to wrangh*; to reply.
I'll: iimuli. To do again.
IHo, pangulo: mangulo, pangu- To preside, to be presided.
luhan.
fJlok: mag-ulok, iinuilok, ulukan. To instigate.

Urait: iimurnlt, magumit, urriitin. To steal, to filch; to bt; stolen.

Umpiea: rnag-umpisa, nmpi- To begin, to commence.
sahan.
Una: mauna, timuna. To go forwards.
Una: maniiuna, uinuna. To take the lead.
Una: manguna, To precede.
Una: magpauna, ipagpaun?i, To anticipate; to advance.
Unat: unuinal, iunat. To stretch.
Unawa: umunawA, unavvitin. To observe, to (consider, to mind,
to notice.
 —155
Jnumi: magpaiumwHi, ipapag- To advice, to beadviced; to give
unaw^, ipaunawa, pagpauna- notict, to warn.
wian.
UnlaJ: umurilad. To progress.
IJnlak, paunlak: mugpaunlak. To honor; to give prestige.
Unsi: mag-unsi, unsihan. To yoke.
Unti: umunti. To decrease.
linti: mag-unti, unlian. To diminish, to lessen.
[Jnti: mag-unti-unti. To be scanty in eating.
pa: umupa, upahan, iupa. To pay for wages or hire; to
give salary.
[Jpasali:mag-upasala. To backbite, to slander.
Upat: mag-upat, umupat, upa- To induce.
tau.
Upat: mang-upat. To deceive, to impose upon, to
incite.
lJp6: umup6, lumikmo. To sit, to sit down.
Qp6; iupo, ilikmd. To seat.
[Jpds; umupos, maupos. To sink entirely.
tlp-op: umiip-op, up-upin. To suck in, as the smoking of
cigar*
Jrong; umurong. To retrocede, to retrograde, to
come backward, to withdraw,
to retire.
^rong: mag-urong, iurong. To retire, to withdraw.
roy.' unauroy, uruyia. To scoff.
W: mag-uri, umuri, uriin, To classify, to class; to examine
closely;
Jrali: mag-urali, umurali, ura- To persuade; to dissuade.
lian, iurali.
Jaap, pangusap: mangusap. To speak.
[Jsap: mag-usap. To converse, to discourse fami-
liarly, to talk together.

[Jsap: mag-usap. To litigate.

LJsap: pag-usapan. To speak about, to be spoken of.
Jsap: magkausap. To hold a conversation or confe-
rence.

Jsap: makipag-uBap, To talk with, to speak.

 1.^6-

Usap: makiusap, pakiusapan. To talk to a person, solicitii g

something from him.

TJsig;umusig, rnag-usig, usigin. To persecute; to pursue.
Utot: umutot. To break wind.
Utang: nmutang, ntangin To borrow; to ask lending mo
ney on condition of its beini
repaid. ,

(Jtang: magkautang» To be indebted, to owe.

tJtang.' magpaiitang. To credit.
Otas: vimutas, utasfn. To finish; to kill.
Utas; iiiautds. To be finished to die. ;

Utos: mag utos, utUv^an, iutos To command, to order.

Uwang: umuwang. To Tociferate, to clamor, to cry
Uwt: utniiwi. To go home, to retire.
Uwi: umuwl. To come back.
Uwt: mag-uwi, iuwi, uwiah. To bring something in comin
back.
IJwt: mauwi» To be reduced.
(Jyaim: iimuyam, mag-ujaiTK To mock.
uyamin.
Uyan: umuyan, mag-uyafi, To indemnify.
uyanan. 4

Uyon: inag-uyon, uyunin To regulate; to compound; t

a^just; to arrange.
Qycin: magkauyon. To join, to unite.

w
Wakas: wakas&n. To finish, to conclude, to cloa
Waia. To lack; have not, has no
there is n6, there are no
WalA: mawaU. To be lost.
Wald: magwaia, iwala, mawalan. To lose.
WalA. To be absent.
Wal&: maVawaU. To escape.
WaU: magpawalA, paw a] an. To release.
WaMng bahal^: magwaling ba-^ To neglect, to be indifferent.
haia.
 —157-

WaUn^giaala: pawalaii'gsala, To be absolved, to be acquited.

VValdas: magwaldas, iwaldas.
Walat; magwalat, walatin.
Wagas: magwagas, wagasin.
Wagaywuy: magwagayway, iwa-
gayway.
Wagwag: magwagwag, iwagwag,
Wangis: mawangis.
Walay; magwalay, i\yalay.
Waglit: magwaglit, i wag lit,
Waglit: rmawaglit.
Wahi: magwahi, wahiin.
Wahil: magwahll, wahilin
Waifs: magwalis, walisln.
Walls: walisan.
Wall: mag-wariwari.
Wari: raagwari, warlin,
Watas: ma'kawatas, mawatasan.
Wasivvas: magwasiwaSj iwasiwa^.
To embezzle, to misappropiMate.
To destroy, to undo.
To purify, to be purified.
To wave.
To sbake, to jerk.
To resemble.
To separate, to withdraw.
To miss, to lose.
To be lost, to miss.
To divide or part with the hand
To distribute, to dispart.
To sweep, to be swept.
To sweep the place.
To suspect,-trri5onJecture.
To form an opinion, to opine.
To understand, to comprehends
To jerk or shake from left to
right; to fence.

Wastd: magwastd, iwast6, was- To correct, to be corrected.

tiiin.

Will: mawili. To be willing, to incline.

Wisik: magwisik, wisikan, To sprinkle, as with the water
sprinkler.
Wilig: magwilig, wiligan. To sprinkle with water or som
liqour.

Wiklas: wiklasin» To undo; to cancel.

Windang: magwindang, winda To tear, to fracture, to be torn»
acfri to be fractured.

Yabo: yumabo. To grow fertile.

Yabo: magpayabo. To fertilize.
Yakap: yumakap, yakapin» To hug, to embrace.
Yakag: yumakag, yakagln. To 0^11, to invite.
Yakag: magyak^, pagyakagiii To go calling, to go inviting.
 -158-

Yalis: mag-yalis, yumalis, ya- Tc alter.

Wsin.
Yagyag: yumagyaer. To trot.
Vagyag: payagyagin. To make a horse trot.
Yaman: yumatnan. To grow or become rich.
Yaman: magyaman, pagyama- To arrange.
nin.

Yaman: magpayaman, payama- To enrich.

nin.
Yamb&: yumamba, yambAin.
Yangyang: magj^angyang, iyang-
yanc
Yao: yumao.
Yapos: yumapos, yapusin.
Yapak: yumapak, yapakan,
Yari: mangyari.
Yari: yumari, yariin.
Yasak: yumasak, magyasak, ya-
sakln.
To threaten, to manifest a desire.
To expand the cloth in the air.
To go, to depart.
To hug by the waist.
To tread, to trample.
To happen, to occur; can.
To make, to finish the work.
To trample the corn-field or
rice-field.

Yayk: yumay^, yay^in. To call, to invite.

YayJl: magyayi, pagyay&in. To call or invite very much.
Yayat: mangyayat, To become thin and lean.
Yuko: yumuko. To bow.
Yupi, hupil, liipdk: yumup!, mag- To bruise.
yupi, yupiin.
Yupyop: yumupyop, magyup- To protect or shtlter the chicks;
yop, yupyupan applied to hens.
Yurak: yumurak, yurakan. To trample by scratching with
the feet.
Yuwls: yumuwls, magyuwis, yu- To confound, to confuse.
wisin.
 ir)9-

XXII naito, sa araw

na ito.
Mga lampibadi/d. Adverbs, Ngayon na. By this time.
MGA LAMPIUADYA SA PA^ Hanggang kai- Till when?
NAHON-ADVEPvBSOFTIME. Ian?
Hangga ngayon. Till now.
Bftnlang a raw, Other day. Hull. tate
balang araw, Ilan'g panahon? How long?
saibangaraw. gaan6ngpa-
BihirJt, mada- Seldom. nahon?
lang. Maaga. Early; soon.
Bukas. To-morrow. Malimit, mara- Frequently:
Kangina, mii- Before. las, marun- often.
na, bago. sol.
Kangikangina A while ago. Madalas, mali- Many a time.
lainaiig. mit, di mama-
Kanginang This morning. kailan.
umaga. Misanduwa. Few a time.
Kagabi. Last night. Mamayd. Afterward^ by
Kahapon. Yesterday. and by, after.
Kamakalawji. The day before Maraayamaya. A while after.
yesterday. Madaili og ma- Soon.
Kailan? When? rali,
Kamakailin. Some days a^o. Manakanaka, From time to
Kailan pa? How long? maminsan- time.
h a II g g a n g minsan,
kailan?. Minsan Once; ever.
Kailan pa? Since when? Minsan pa. Once more;
Kaalam-alam, Suddenly. again.
kaginaaginsH, Magparating Eternally, ever-
karakaraka. man saan. lastingly, for
K apag, ka- As soon as. ever and
pagka. ever.
Ktt rani wan. Usually. MulA noon, mag- Ever since,
Kailan paman, Never. mula noon,
kailan ma*y buhat noon,
hindi. m agbuh a t
Kung. When. noon, sapill
Kung minsan Sometimes; noon. <

now and. Na. Already.

then, ever Noon, niyon; Then, at that
now a n (I nang pana- time.
then. hon ^g yaon,
Dan Then. nang pana-
Ngayon. Now, at present. hon^g iyon.
Ngayon'g a raw To-day, Pa. Still: yet; else.
 .

—160^
Always; ever, Sa magkabika- In all sides.
for ever. bila.
Pa^katapos. After; after- Sa dakong itaas. Upward.
wards, next, Sadakongibaba* Downwi»rd.
then. Sa gitna In the middle,
Pag, kapjig When; as soon in the midst.
as. Sa harap ng, sa Before, in the
Sa kasalukuyan At present. harap ni. presence of.
Sa nakaraan, In the past. Sa hull. Backward.
Sa hinahanip. Fur the imrue- Sa itaas. Up, above.
diate future. Sa ibaba. Down; below.
Sa haharapin. For the remote Sa laba.-i. Away; out; off.
future; in the Sa loob. Within.
future. Sa luwal, sa Without.
8a mnla inula. From the be- labas.
ginning. Sa likod. Behind.
Sa una, sa dati Formerly; an- Sa ibabaw. Upon; over;
og Sa rati, ciently; here- above; on the
nang una, tofore. top of; at the
noon'g una top.
Sa makalawa. Day after to- Sa ilalim. Under, under-
morrow neath .

Sarnantala- While; when Sa pagitan. Between

as. Sa palibot. Around.
wakas, sa Finally
Sa piling, sa si- By the side of;
vSa
ping, sa tabi.
katapusan.
Sa tttpat. In front of, op
Sa tuwing Whenever.
poriite to.
Tuwit.a, pa rati, Always
Sa unahan. Forward.
sa tuwl-tuwl.
ARain.
Uli, ulit.
MGA LAMPIBADYA SA PA
R A AN «ADVERBS OF MAN
MGA LAVtPIBADYA SA LU- NER
GAL= ADVERBS OF PLACE.
Agbdy» alakbay. Together.
Dito, dini, Here.
agapay, sabay.
Diyan. There.
Yonder; Alinsunod sa, According to.
Doon there.
alin8uno<i kay
Malayd. Far; afar.
Malapit Near. Ayon sa, ayon According to
Mula, buhatt. Since, from. kay.
Saan? Where? Agad, alipal^, Instantly, with
Saan man. Anywhere urgf^nt im-
Sa kabila. In the other portunity,
side. urgently-
Sa magkabila. In both sides An^8» paaniis, Soft, t^oftly.
 -IGl—

hnlong, mara- noiselessly. Pana'y, palagi, Continually

{»ar«ii, ina-
Buhnfiya, bulin-^ Scarcely. nindMn.
Payday a, ka- Instantly.
Bighi. Sud<Vnly, on a pagdaka, ka*
sudden. pai!,iNarHka,
Bj^gJiy V>ngay. Jn«at as. kapagkuwan.
Baliktad, tu- By the back Paano? How? In wh**i
wMrfk. pjut. niarmer?
Bukod sa, ba- Beside>«, nDore- SandopikA. Speedily, swift
ko.l. ovor, fnrtlier, ly, hastly.
8h'»rt of this.
Tikfs, sadyA. Purposely.
Bnko(i, tangi. Sinjiul riy. Tunay. Truly,
Sp»ntHn^otisly,
vohiMtarily. MGV LAMPIBADYA SA Ka
fCagyflt. Triinediately. G\Nl HaN. :=^ adverbs OF
Ganoon, gayon. So, tblH. QUANTl'rY.
Ganiio. In this manner.
Gay a, g^ para. Like; hh; in a Kaunti, Somewhat.
sertse of eom- K amti, muntl. Little

p tri^on, in Kasiyahaij, ka- Enough,

snch a man- igihan.
ner. Kasapatan ka- ; Sufficiently.
Hal OS. Almost, nearly t^iyahan.
Inot inot, da- By little Mnd Kulanrr. Less.
han-d^,han, little; slowly. Kar-Hinihan, ka- Mostly.
marahanda- raniwan.
l)an. Gaah6((>ygano ) H(^w much?,
Li bin, tangi, Exee^pt that, how many?
t'\\n sa. excepting. Ncalingali, ma Nearly.
Malnkas (ang Aloud, loud. ngalinsali.
flalos. Almopt.
Mnrhan, hi- Slowly. liuruigft ku- A little mor^
nayhinay, ba- mu'ang ng or lt-S8.
it ay ban ay.
kaunti.
Mabiiti, maigi. Well, right. Ilan? How many?
Badly, iU. Labis. Too, too much
Mat; ,afig. ma- Easily. LhIo, higlt, ma- More.
dali, vvalang hi^n^t. .
V
livvag.
Lalo sa lahiit. Most.
Maliwa^, mahi- Hardly, diffi^ Lalonglalona.. Mostly.
rap, n;iabigat. cultly. LuboH Fidly.
Maliwanag, Clearly, Luboa, mistulk Entirely.
Mnsanofhil, ma- Strictly. LubhA, disapalll. Very.
higpit. MagkanoT How much?
 •162-

Marami, laldng More, to a Laid pa lahrft, The most.

marami. greater higit sa lahat,
degree. mahigft sa
Kiarami. Much, in a great lahat.
degree. Laldng mabuti, Better.
Masaganit. Abundantly, Lalong masamft. Worse.
Masakit, mai- In a great mea- Ang kasam^sa- Worst.
nam. sure. sampan.
Man lamang. At least. Sing, kasing. As—-as.
Munii nang, ka- Nearly. (Hindi) sing, So — as.
unii nang, (hindl) ka-
muntik na, sing.
kamuntik na,
mangalingalL MGa LAMPIBADYInG PANG
Siya, siikat, su- Enough ; sDop.
PATOTOO. = AFFIRMATIVE
sakat na, 81- ADVERBS.
yana.
KapaU pa. Of course;
Wala. Nothing. clearly,
Walang ini- Neither more Kasi. r thinK so.
wan, siyang- nor less. Ngani. Surely, there
siya. fore, then.
Wala na. No more. Ng bodnglugod. Willingly.
Namiln, din, Also, too; like
MGA LAMPIBaDYA SA HA- rin, din na-
N AY. = ADVERBS OF ORDER.
wise.
man» rin na-
Sunod-sunod. SuccessiTely. man.
Sakat;>pusan. su Lastly, finally. Oo, wa; wen. Yes, yea; in
kawakasan, sa deed.
wakas. O'pd. Yes, sir; yes»
Unauna, Firstly. madam.
Oo nuA, oo na- Yes truly.
MG A LAMPIBADYA S\ PAG- nga.
H AH AMB ING. =- ADVERBS OF Sa katotohanan, Verily; indeed
COMPARISON. sakatunayan
Siguro. Assuredly, se
Katulad, fcawa- Alike.
curely.
ngis.
Kulahg. Less.
SiyangA.. Thus it IP. in
fact, in truth
Kulang i=a lahdt. The least-
{Caramihan Most. SiyanawA So be it.

Kauiittan. Least. Totoo. Certainly, as-^

Halos. Almost. surtdly.

Lai 6, higit, ma- More. Tunay- Truly, assured
higit. ly.
 ;

163-

Toteo ngft, totoo Really. Kung satali; If by chance

ngani, tunay sakali. in case that.
ngA. Maaari, mang- May be.
WalAng kila, Houtbleps y«yari.
wal&ng p8g- Mahan^ay. It should be
sal a. better.
Marahil. Perhaps; per
mGala^mpibadyang pang- chance.
TANGOr. = NEGATIVE AD- Sukatmangyari. Possibly.
VERBS.
Hindi, di,dill.
XXIII.
Not, no.
Hindi p6 No, sir; no, Mga Alisong at Prepositionu
madam. mga salapong. and conjunc
Di isamiJn. In no wise.
tions.
DL... (ntKris^ Non... {Non-
fob an in.) Christian.) MGA ALISONG=PREPOSL
Hindi. Nay. TIONS.
Huvvag (prohi- Do not; no.
bitory.) Ayon sa, ayon According to.
Hiiwag na; No more. kay.
hindt na. Aang-ahmg Considering, on
sa,
Hindi rin. Neither. alang-alang account of,
Hindt rin nk6. Nor I either. Ikay, pakun- through.
Hindi rin kayd. Nor you either. donpnn sa, pa-
Hindt pa. Not yet. kundangan
Hinding hindl* Not flt all. kay;
Siyn ma'y Nor he. Kay. To, in, at, on,
hindl.
for, with,
from.
MGA LAMPIBADYA SA PAG-
AaLINLANGaN. ^ ADVERBS Dako, dapit. Towards, in a
direction to,
OF DOUBT. near to.
Apnn, disin, Peraventure. Dahil sa, dahi- On account of
diw&. lAn sm; dahil
BaH. Lest. kay, dahilan
Kahirnvnawari; Would to God; kay.
looKin nawA God grant. Hanggan, hang- Until, till ; as
ng Poon: hari- gan sa. far as; up to»
n*?A. hrrtina- i
down to.
Hinggil sa, hing- About, relating
KHi\(^n, pagka- By chance gil kay; bagay to.
kataon. kay, tungkol
Kune: dangftn, But for. 8a« tungkol
kung hindt. kay.
 —164—
Laban sa, laban Against, in op- Kayo ni Boni- You and Boni
kay. pnsi ion to, pnsyo. face
oppofc^iie to. Kami ni Emil- jEmilius and I
May. With. yo.
^ Huli. Sincf',from. Sila n^ pari. He and the
Ng^ Ot\ by, with. priest
Ni. Of, by. Naman, (iin, Also, likewise,
Para sa, pard. For. diu naman. as well,
kay. moreover.
Sa. To. in, at, on,
for, from, MGA SVLAPONG NA PANG-
PASIVVALI = DISJUNCnVE
*

with.
Sa hanip, sa ha- Before. CONJU.NCnON.
rfip ng, sa ha-
rap fii. Og, wino. Or,
Sa iialim. Under, under- Ayaong. Whether,
neath. either.
3a ibabaw. Upon; over; Kung. - Whether.
ab»»ve. Man. Or, either.
3a ibaha. Below; down. Mai;ing. Eiiher, whe-
Sa iiaas. Above; up. >

ther.
Sa gitnd, sa git- A mong,
n4 ng. amongst. AlGv SALAPONG N\ PANG^
Sa may. Near, at hand, KALVBAN = ADVEIiSv- =

not far oflE. TIVE COXJUNCriONS.

Sa pagitan. Between.
Sa pamamagitan Through, by. Ngnnl, nguni't. But.
np, sa pawia- Kurxli. Hut.
mamigitan ni. Datapwa. datap- But, except.
Wal4 Iwaldng). Without. wa^t dMpvva, yet.
dHpvv'i\t.

MGA SALAPONQ. ^ COXJUNC^ Subali, Kibairt; Unless.

m^.liban «a,
TIONS.
11 ban sa;
mQPl SILAPONG NA PANG. hlintana.
DATIG. =COPUL\TIVa Bag' us. Raiher.
CONjnNCriONS. Bagaman, baga- Tho'igh, not-
ma't, mataj- with^taTid-
M, sakA. And. man. ir)g, ahhoiigh.

P:itf, sampun. Even, also, Sukd.n. Whichsoever.

jointly, toge- Kahit, kahi- Ktiverihelep,
ther. m-^n.
Bis«n, bik«&. Neither, nor, Gj yoiiinan. Still.
even G«yonman, ga- In spite of, not-
\l:in, hindl rin. Neither, nor. noon man; v^ithstand-
Mi, ne And. man. iiig.
 -165

Kaya, kaya npA, Therefore.

MGA SALAPONG NA PANG- kayA ngayat^.
PaLI\V\NAG. = KXPLaNA- Diihil doon. On whi<*h ac-
TORY CONJUNCTIONS, count.
D.ifiil dito, san- Wherefore.
Sa rnakatuwid. That is to say; hi rito, sa da-
a'alaong. viz. hilaii'^ ito.
Pag halimbawJl, Fur in^ance Sa bMgay na it6. Whereby.
Sa lalong ma More properly Sa bajiay na. ito, Consequently,
tuvvid na pag- speaking. sanhi rito. by c o n s Or
8a!-abi ; ^a Ja- quence,
16 ng inabuiing wherefore.
pagsasalitd. Saan di gayon. And whv riot.
Sa gay Oil nga. Accordingly.
MGA SaLAPOMG NA PAVG- Dan, kung Then.
KU1IML\GAYaN =Co^J^I. gayon.
TION AL CONJUNCTIONS.
Knng. If.
M(1a SALAPONG N\ PANG-
LarUctng. Provided that. TUL0Y.=C0NT1NUAT1VE
Pat^. CONJUNCnONS.
Tuwing, sa Whenever»
tuvving. whensoever. Kay& ngS.. So that, there*
fore.

MGA SALAPONG NA PANG- Bukod dito. Bet^ides, more-

i
BAMHI OQ PANGDAHII.AN. over, short o!
-=CAUSAL CONJUNCTIONS. tins.
i

Sapa8:k<i't, pag- Because-; f^T MCa SALAPONG NA PANG-

ka^t. the reason LA YON OG PANGWXKAS.-
that.
SapHgka, palib- As.
CON JUNCTIONS OP PUR-
ha-a'y. POSE OR RESULT.
Sapagka't. Whf^rens.
Upang. In oTd*-r that;
Mayapat. For the reason with the ob*
that.
jeci of.
Palil)ha'5a, pag Whereas. In order to;
Upang, nang.
kapalibhasa. thnt.
Yayarnani^, ya- Since. So
Anopa't, thht.
mane:, ha- With a view to*
Upandin.
mang.
Bakin, di bakin. Since; inas- MGA IRAPAnG S\L\rONG
much as.
ATLAMI^BADYANG PANG^
MGA SALAPONG NA PVNG- SALAPONG ^OITIKRCON-
HULO =rLLATIVK CON« JUNCnONS AND CON-
JUiNCriONS. JUNCTiVE ADVKRBS.
 — ! ! ! ! !

-166—

Hindi lamang Not only — but. 1 Ay sa abfl. mo! Woe is you!,

kundi. Woe is thee
Sa ganfing, sa As for, as to. lAya! Oh!
ganaijg ea, sa
IAyaa! What!
gaiinng kay.
Aba tayo! Well then I Lei
ftung para sa, As for, on my us go!
kung para part.
Alang-alang sa For God's sake
kay.
Diyos!
Parang As though .

Kahit paano. At any rate, Ampunfn ak6! Goodness mel

any how. Ayto!, eto!, Here it is! Get
Pa. Else. heto! it!

Ibap^, Elfe. i Bapa! What!

Kay pa; sa kay. Than I Rapaa! What!
Na. That. i Bapa ayaa! What!, how!
Ano pa, ano- Finally, lastly. iBnti nirS,! Well!
pa't. i Baraw!, Ibiye! Bravo!
Kung pnano, As. I K'ihimanawa- Would to Godi
para ng. rll, inawdl,
Gayondin, ga- So. imaand!
yondin na- 1 KahangaMnf Nonsense
man. i Kay-hangdll How foi'lish!
Kung Sana sa. Aft though. i KuvvidAw! Lookout!
Sapagka mara- As an honest. Dali! Be
npal na tao. man- quick ! , hurry
Gayon pala. So then. up!
Sa halip ng, sa Instead of, in
E! (Emphasis, a
lugal n^; sa- place of.
tone in
'
halio ni, sa
speaking.) i

lugal ni.
IRy' (An ir terjec- j

tion of cares.]
XXIV. Ha' Ha!
HHla! Go on
Mga arisd. Interjections,
H ne! Hear!
Ah! Hall ka! Come!
Aba! {nvel)f Hail God bless
! Hlf kayd!
abapd! you. Hiya! (A voice for in
Aba! Ah! citing the
IAba!, loyal. HhIIo! dog )
lAray! What a pain! Hindi kaya- Never mind!
lAruyl What an in- t i?an!, hindl
tense pain hale!, walfing
iAbi^ ko! Alaja, poor me! kailangan!
lAy! [ Alas! I Ifc^sns! Gracious!
1 Ay sa abA ko! Woe U me! Hiijo! Begone
 ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! !

—167-
Ho! Stop! (An in- Pagka gandal, How beautiful!
terjection for kay-ghnda!,
control ing anong ganda !

the horse.) IPoon'g ko! Oh, my!

llndko! My mother! I^^alamiit! Thanks!
llya! Ch^erupl Well Salamat sa pag* Welcome I

then Let us
!
dating!
see
Ikaw ang baha- Beware! iSay ang! What a pity
1^1, kayo ang
ISawing-'pulad! Woe!
bAhalJi! SumpSin ka! Curse you!
Labas Away! Get out! {5u!, su,su!. (An interjec'
Lay as Get out! Away! tion for driv .

Lakad! Begone ing away thf

Loo bin naw& ng Would to God hens and
Poon! chickens.)
IMabuhay!, Hurrah! Sulong Go on Go
! ,
Imabuhi!
ahead.
Manaa!, yari Behold !Look Tab!!, tabi!. Give way!,
manaa! here!
ilag! Clear the
iMayapI, inaa- Weli!
way.
buti!
Maligayang Hail!, greeting!
Tahimikl Hush!
batil, lulilip! Tahan waUng Silence!, not a
! ,

imfk! word
iNanay ko! My nllimma
t

Tingni! Look look

101 Oh! ! ,

01 Here it is ! Get here!

it! ITotoo! Indeed!
10, Kalangitan! Good heavens! Urong! Get back!
Oyl, hoy! Listen say
! , lUy! (An iiiterjeC'
(A voice for tion of won
calling the der.)
attention of
a fellow.)
Pagpalkin ka Bless your soul XXV
naw&! Piigpa-
l^m nawi Mga ihdng pag- Other gramati-
kayo I aangkopnaba^ cal composi-
PagkA. rami! What a crowd laiilaon. tions.
Karami!, Ida- How plenty
mi ayaal, it is. Ans? kaganda- The beauty of
lanorig dnmil, han nglangit. the sky.
!kayrami!. Ang sa langit
'iPalfl! There, well! na kaganda-
/Pshi! Pshaw han.
 . ' .

— 1B8-
Ang kapahaTna-n The wisdom of Mag-asawa. Husband and
Saint Au^us- wife.
in Sail Apt»B-
tiii. Ang kny tin. Saint Mag-kapatid. The two bro^

Sa!i Agu^tin An^n^^lin'a thers, two

-wisdom histers; \>\^0
n I kapaha-
ther and bu^
ham an.
ter
Ang katnpanpf^n The brHV^^ry of
Filipii'O Mafjfkakapatid. B]<»thena; sis-
ng niga kawal
'

the
na pilipino. soldier- 1'he ters; hrohera
Anji 8a mga conrnt'e of hr I
hod sisiers.
knvval na pill- Philippine (More than
pinong katn- sohlierr^ two)
pnngan. Magkasama. The two cona-
The honse of panions.
Ang bnhay ni
Mnteo. Ang I\l u 1 1 hew. Magkakasama. Companions
kay viateong ]\l>itlhew's {more than
bah ay hons*-. two.)
San»: iAh.yniU\. All the people
Ang tnga Inpain The lands of
ninaG Bu- Mr BuIh .
of .Nbinila,

lan. Ang ki- Mr. Kuhm's Sang UinRsairan. All the city.

naG Bulan'g lands. San^ bayanan. All tlie people.

mga lupain; SaOi: ill ha n. All the town.
ang kana G. Hafig ka-ihutan, All the wor d.
Bulan'g mga San-g dai^dijian. All the uni-

lupMn. verse.
Sang kapilipi- All the Filipi-
nnhan. nos.
Mag-ama. Father and non
or <lan:. hter.
(tnroarnrnan. A little master.

;-:»ama. Falheran,]rhil. Obiohispuhan. A little hij-hop;

psendo bi-
dren
shop, a VT^
Mag-ina. Mother and
child.
tended bis-

Mag-iina. Mother and hop

eliiJdren. Parlparan A little priest;
Mj^C ama ni Jnan and his a f^n tended
Hnwan. father priest.
Mh^ ina. ni Pe- Pedr«» nnd his Harlharlan. A little king; a
dro. moih^r. falv-e king,
Mngr-inang ma-
Thf^Roly Vir Taotauhan. A ve*-y little
hal na Birgen, gin Mother man; a dolL
and her son
Mag-amang Lu- huMfi ar*d liis Mahutlbuti. Somewhat '

kas. child. good

Ma|t inang Ma- Marin and her Masam&samA. So mew h at
riya. child. bad.
 —169—
Maligalignya, Somewliat hap- Kababayan. Countryman,
py. of the Same
Malay61ay6. A little distant
)
people.
Malapitlapit. A little near. Klamamamayai I. Fellow-citizen.
Kababanwa, ka - Of the same
Pag alls ko. After I have
banwanhin. country.
gone.
Kab.insfmnin. Of the same
Pag lakad mo. As soon as you
nation.
walk.
Pag pan hi k ng As soon aF> your Katao=i8a ka- A single man.
tatiiy mo. papa comes or tao
goes up Kaputol, kapi- A single piece.
Pagka misa. After the mass raso, kapi-
is over. sang, kapi-
F^agka in6m. After drinking. ngas, kapilas
PaB;ka kain. After eating. Anim katao. Six persons
or.ly.
Aug pagbasag. The act of
bre.iking. Kakakain ko pa. I have just
Ang pagk aba- The effect of eaten.
sag. b©ih^ broken. Kaiinom pa He has just
Aug paghagis. The act of niya drunk.
throwing. Kasasalitfl pa He has just
Ang pagkahagi» The eflEect of
niya. spoken
having Kafingat ka. Be very careful.
thrown. Katatapang Be courageous.
Atig Pag ka- Divinity, daity. kayo.
diyos. Binalingbing. Formed like an
Ang pagkatao Humanity. octagon,
AMg pagkaga- .Goodness. which is the
ling. form of a fruit
Angpagka«am?i. Badness. called boMig-
bwg.
fCasaraa. Companion Tinalahib. A rice plant re-
mate, col- sembling, the
league. talahib grass.
Kaeapi. Partner, asso- Tinabasan. pi- Remaining pie
ciate. nag ta has n. ces, cuttings.
Ka-klase. Claf^smate. Inahitan, pinag- Stubbles.
•

Kaiar6. Playmate. ahitan.

Kaiskuvrela; ka- Fellow-scholar. Kinayasan, pi- Ra pings.
if^kolMnhin. nagkayasan.
Kas ima sa p ig- Fellow travel- Pinulutan. Thing made of
lalakbay. er. honey or food
Kasalo. Commensal. 1 wiih honey.
 •170-

Sinabatan. A mat woven Panilos. Penknife.

with designs. Panitik. Pen.
Sinulaman. An embroi- Pamahid. Cloth for cleaii-
dered mat or
ing.
cloth.
Pang-ahit. Razor.
Pangbatas, pa- Puncher, borer. Panguskos. A brush for
mutas. cleaning.
Pahali, A cord or rope
for tying. Pamukpok. A hammer.

— «^N^vsAAAAAAAA/vvv^*"^

XXVI.
Ang taliihifiQ badyang ay, at
t The ligament and verb ay, and
ang mg^ badyang may-'may'' the verbs may^mayroon, wala,
roon, walSf na^nasa at wala na-nasa and wala sa.

sa.

MGA HALJMBAWi SA PAGKA TALABISQ NG AY.

EXAMPLES OF AY USED AS LIGAMENT.
Si Gnag Pransiska ay nagsa- Mrs. Francis speaks (or ie

salitA. speaking).
Si Gnig Huwanita ay sumiisualt. Miss Jenny writes (or is writing)
Si G. Pablo ay gum^gawa (og Mr. Paul works (or is working)
nag^agawA).
Ako'j/ kumakain. T I am eating.
eat.
IkAw^y umiinom. You drink. You are drinking.
Siya'i/ lumalakad. He walks. He is walking.
Tayo^i/ nag-aaral. We study. We are studying
Kayo'i/ nagtuturd. You teach You are teaching.
SilaV nakikinyig, They hear. They are hearing.
They listen They are listening
Kami'?/ naumamasid. We observe. We are obaerving.
Ang umiibig sa kapw&--tao ay He who lovea his fellow-being
umibiig sa Diyos. loves God.
Ang m2:a nangangailansan ng Those who want books may come
mga aklat ^y makaparirito at to get th^se books.
kunin it6ng mga aklat.
 — 171—
Kung tunay na ibig mong dumu- true that you wish to be a
If it is
nofig, ay mag-aaral kang ma- learned man, you will study
buti. well.

MGA HALIMBAWA SA PAGKA BADYA NO AY=

EXAMPLES OF AY USED AS VERB.
Ak6 ay pilipino (ako'y pilipino.) I am a Filipiio.
Filipino ako.
Tayo'y mga lalakirg pilipinhin. We are Philippine men.
Mga lalaking pilipinhin tayo.
Kayo'i/ mga babaing pilipinhin You a7'e Philippine women
Mga babaing pilipinhin kayo.
SiWy niararaiigal. Mararangal They are honest.
>Ha.
Kayo p6 ay maalam. Maalam Yon are wise, sir.
p6 kayo.
Ang ibon'g tengkeng ny maganda. The bird tengkeng is pretty.
Maganda ang ibon'g tengkeng.
Ang paham ay si G. Langharadyd. The learned man is Mr. Lang-
haradyS.
Ang marangal ay G. Malinis.
si The honest man is Mr. Malinis.
Noon'g araw kayo at/ akin'g ka- Formerly you were my enemy;
galit; ngajOH tayo'j/ mMgkai- now w^e are friends.
bigan.
Kahapon siya ay maysakit; bu- Yesterday he tons sick; tomorrow
kas ay magaling na. he m// be well.

MGA HALIMBAWA SA MAV-MAVROON AT WALA

EXAMPLES OF MAY-MAYROON AND WALA.
Ako'y mayrooii^ p^nulnt. '

Ako'y may panulat.

}\ have a pen.
Mayroon^g panuLit ako.
Mayroon akong panulat.
Kayo'y mayroon^g salapt.
Kayo'y m^iy salapl.
Mayroon^ g ealapt kayo. You have money.
May salapl kayo.
Mayroon kayong salapt. J
SilA'y mayroon^g mga kald.
Sila'ymay mga kald.
Myaroon^g mga kald sila. They have hats.
May mga kald sila.
Mayroon silang mga kald J
 — 172—
Ako'y ivalang panilos. > I have no penknife,
W'Ua akong paniloe.
Ikaw'y tvdlan^ aklat. Yc»u have no book. Yon have
not a book.
IVala kang damit.
Walang damit ikaw. c You have no clothes.

Sila'y walang sapatos.

Walling sapatos si la. They have no shoes.
Wain silang sapatoa,
Mdyroon ba kayong ainelas? Have you glipper»?
Mayroon ba siyang bagong kalo? Has he a new hat?
Mayroon baga kayong rnga have you carobaos?
kalabaw.
M'lyroon baga silflng mga pa- Have they shoes?
rukfi?
May parukfi. baga sila? Have they shoes.
May parukA ba siya? Has ho shoes? »

May kabayo ba kayo? Have you a horse?

May lapis ba ika>Y. Have you a pencil?
>/aj/ ka ba?
lapis Have you a pencil?
May kuderno ba ikaw? Have you a copy-book?
May kuderno ka ba? Have you a bopy-book?
May aklat ba ang iy(tKg kaibi- Has your friend a book?
gan?
Mayroon bang mga aklat ang Have your friends books.
mga kaibigan mo.
Wala ka ba^^ang babay? Have yon ro houFe?
Wala ka bang b:ir6? Have jou no shirt?
Wida. bagfi kayong lamesa? Have you not a table?
Wala ba silang bukid? Have they no farm?
fCay6 ba'y may kayamanan? Hnve you riches?
Sila bag>i'y ivaJang mgapag aar)? Have they no property?
Tayo hei^yioalang sariling banwa? Have we not a native-countr\ ?
Ako^ mayroon ngay6n. 1 have novr.
Ak6'y mayroon kabapon. f //ad yesterday,
Ako'y mayroon bukas. I sfuill have to-morrow.
Ako'y nagkai^oon noon'g isang I had last wt^ek.
linggo,
Ako'y rua^iajkaroonsam .kaliiwa I sh 11 have the day after to-
morrow.
Ibip: Vongmag^aroon kanpsalapl^ T want you to have money.
Kayrt pA ny amin'p: Pangnlo. You are our President
K;iy6 pd ay naging Pangnlo ng You were w, municipal president.
V^alen. You became a municidal pre^
dent.
 —173-
N'i{;in(j guro siyn. He W(t^ for became) a teacher.
Ma^iuing pari ang kapatid mo. Your brother u4ll be a priest.
Saving gtuieral «i G. Noryel. Mr. Nor^ el ivas a general.
Mag tag m. tap.it ka.
U'lg rnatMpat ka \ Be l()3al.

iHayroon^g in;>a Buridang. There are knives.

.Ifiy tab 4, my^ooti'^y tiibig. There is water
Walang tinapay. There is no bread.
Walang mga pinggau. /There are no plates.
Hindi miokakaroon ng mabuting Inhere wUl be no good crop next
ani sa taori'^ daratiiig. year.

!dGA B i DYANOSAy NA 00 THE VERBS SJ\, NA 00 NA

NASA, ^7 WALASA SA, /izVD WALASA.
*t inyo. Wilh you.
Suma inyo. Wns or were loiih you.
Surndsa inyo, Am, arcj or is, tvith you.
AS'asa inyo. Shall be, or ivill he. with you.
Suma inyo. Be with you.
^a sa iyo ba ang akin'g rels? Have you my watch?
iVa sa akin ang relos mo. I liaveyour watch
Wala sa akin txug kuderno mo. I do not have your copy-book.
Na k«y Hose. Joseph has it.
iVd kiiia Lasaro. Na»a kiua La- Lazarus and company have it.
saro.
Na sa kanila ba ang mga mid- Do they have my brother's stock"
yas ng akin'g kapatid na la- incTs? Have they my brother's
laki? stockings?
<f.Va8akay Hinvanita ang magan Has Jenny the beautiful flower?
dang bulaklak?
iVasa kaniya She has it,

Wala sa kaniya. S'le has it not.

Na saan ang walls? V'^iore is the broom?
iVa sa kusinil. li in the kitchen.
is
Na saan au^ mia aklao salinau? Where are the copy-books?
jVasa silid. 'J hey are in the room.

Ranino naroon ang mga aklat- Who has the copy-books?

^aliuan?
iVasa kunino? Who lias them?
NffSR kanila Tney have them.
Wala ea kanila. They Jtave them not.
iVri kahapon ang
sa iyo biV>liya; Yesterday you had the bible;
ngayon ay nasa akin, at bukas now I have it; and to-morrov
namin ay na sa kaniya. he will have it.
 174—
A^asaan ang mga hiyas? Saan na- Where ^^^ the jewels?
roon ang mga hiyas.
A^a sa mangangalakal. The merchant has them.
Sumdsa La» git ka. Thou art in Heaven.
Mapa sa amin ang kabarian mo; Thy kingdom come.
parito ang kaharian rao.
Narini; nayari; nandini Here it is. Here--is; here---are.
Narito; naito; nandito. Here it is, Here--is; here -are.
Nariyau; naiyan; nandiyan. There it is. There --it-; there-are.
Nraoon; nayaon; nandoon. There it is. There-ij^; there-are.

XXVII.

Pagkokonghagd s% pamam igitan ng Conjugation by the verbal par-

mga tipik badyaon^g urn, mag, tides urn, mag, ma, mang
ma, mang at maka, sa tinig and maka, in the active and
aktunhin at pasunhin. passive voice.

ACTIVE UN.
Ugat (Root)--^-— Kaiu.=, -^Kat.
o Nakaraan (Past) Kumain. Ate; haveor hase^len.
t r^ Kasalukuyan {Present) Kumakain, Eat, eats.
S| Darating {Future) Kakain. Shall eat, will eat.
**
^ Panghardp (Imperative and
«"^
Infinitive Kumain. Eat; to eat.
^ Badyaon (Verbal) Pagkaiii. The act of eating.

PASSIVE IN.

Ugat (Root) Kain.^ Eat.

° Nakaraan (Past) •
Kinain. Was or were eaten.
^ Ate.
a Kasalukuyan (Present) — Kinakain. Is or are eaten. Eat,

i Darating (Future)^ --Kakaininog Shall or will be eat-

«^ kakanin. en. Shall or will
^ eat.
Panghardp Imperative and
Infinitive) Kaininog — Let be eaten; to be
it
kanin. eaten. Eat it.
Ako'y kumakain ng tinap»y. I eat bread, I am eating bread.
Kumdkain ako ng tinapay.
 , .

-175-
Akiii'g kinakain ang tinapay. I eat the bread, The bread is
Kiniikain ko ang tinapay. Ang eaten by me.
tinapay ay akin'g kinakiiin.
Ang tinapay ay kinakain ko.
Kinain ko arig isda. i ate the fish. The fish was eaten
by me
Kumain ako ng pipino kahapon. I ate cucumber yesterday.
ICinain nmo ang pipino, Yuu ate the cucumber. You have
eaten the cucumber.
Ikaw'y kuniAkain. Kumakain You eat. You are eating.
ikaw. Kumakain ka.
Siya'y kumakain. Kumakain He {or she) eats, He (or she) is
siya. eating. It eats It is eating.
Kumain ng saging. To eat banana».
Kainin an(7 saging. To eat the banana.
Kainin cwg mga Baging. To eat the bananas.
Kanin ang mais. Eat the corn.
Akin'g kakanin, kakanin ko. I sahll eat it. It will be eaten
by me.
lyong kakanin. Kakanin mo. You will eat it It will be eaten
by you.
Kniyang kakanin. Kakanin niya. He (or she) will eat it. It will
be eaten by him {or her).
Atin'g kakanin. Kakanin natin. We shall eat it. It will be eaten.
by us.
Inyong kinain. Kinain ninyo You have eaten it. It has been
(7\(l(iy6n) eaten by you {noiv)
Kanilang kinain. Kinain nila. They ate it. It w^s eaten by
them.
Kakakain ko pa. Ihave just eaten.
Kak^kain mo pa. You have just eaten
Kakakain pa niya. He has just eaten.
Kakakain pa ninyo. You have just eaten
Kakakain pa namin {og natin) We have just eeten.
Kakdkain pa nila. They have just eaten.
ACTIVE UM *
Ug(H (Hoot) In6m. = Drink.
a Nakaraan (Past) Umir.om. Drank; have or has
drunk.
I I
®
Knsaluknyan {Present)
Darating {Future)
— Umiindm.
linom.
Drink, drinks.
Shall drink, will
drink.
^ Pungharap {Imperative and
Infinitive) Uminom. Drink; to drink.
Badydon (T erbx/) Pag-inom. The act of drinking
 — 176-
PASSIVE IN
U^dt (Root) Inoin. " -Drink.
^ Nakaraan {Past) Iniriom. Was drunk. Drank.
^ ^ Kasalnfcuyan {Present) —Iniinom. Js drunk. Drink,
I S" ^ drinks,
'^
i DfiratiM {Future) finurnln. Will be drunk. SHmII
oa
^ or will drink.
^ Pang}uirdi){Imp.andlvf)'l\\\xn\n\. Let it be drunk; to
l>e drunk. Drink it.
I am drinking
Ako'y umiinom ng tubig. Umi- 1 drink water.
inom ako n| tubig. water.
Akin'g iniinom ang alak. Ini- I drink the wine. The wtne is

inom ko ang aUk. Ang alak drunk by me.

ay ftkin'g inlinom. Ang alak
ay inlinom ko,
[nincSm ko ang kape. Idrank the coffee.
Uminom ako ngserbesakahapon. Idrank beer yestenlay.
Ininom uio ang gatas You drank the milk.
Ikaw'y umfinoni. Umiinom You drink. You are driiiking.
ikaw. Umiinom ka.
Umin6m 71^ tub&. To drink tubft.
[numfn avg tubil. To drink the tubn.
Inumln ang hinebra. Drink the gin.
Akin'g iinumin linumin ko. I will drink it. I shall drink it.
fyong finumin. linumin nio. You shall drink it. You will
drifik it It will be drunk
by you.
f^laniyang iinumin. linumin He {or she) sh^ll drink it.

niya. He {or she) will drink it. It

will be drunk by hirn (or her)
Atin'g finumin, Iinumin nntin. We will drink it* We shall
drink it.

Amin'g linumin. Iinumin na- We will krink it. We shall

min. ^
drink it. It will be drflnk by
us.
Inyong ininom. Ininom ninyo You h ve drunk it. It has been
{uQaydn) drunk by you {now .

KanilAng ininom. Inindm nila. They drank it. It was drunk

by them.
Kaiindm ko pa I have just drunk.
Kalindm lamanf? niya. He has just drunk.
Kalinom mo pa. You have jupt drunk
K^Jinom pa ng i\ ong kasama. Your companion has just
druidt.
 . . .

-177—
Kaiinom pa ng iyong mga Your playmates liav»- just
kalaro. drunk.
Kaiinom pn ng kftnilflng mga Their schoolmates have just
kaiskuwela. drunk.

ACTIVE UM
U?(H (Root)- - SulHt. = -«--Letter; writing.
§_ NaA;ar<ari {Pant)--- Sunaulat. Wrote; have or has
J3 •»

- 7J
written.
2 E Kasalukuynn { Present) -'"^\\mx\^\\\?(\ Write, writes.
%
" Daratini: Fatnre) -Susulat. Shall write, will write.
(
^ Panghardpibnp. and Inf. -Sumulat. ' Write; to writ©.
Badydon (Verhai) t-Pagsulat. The uctof writing.
PASSIVE IN

IJgdt (Root)'' - ...Sulat = Letter; writing.

^ Nakaraan (Past )-.--. Sinulat. Was written. Wrote.

Is written. Write,
^ _ Kasnlukaytin
{/^resent)- - Siniisulat.
"^
(I-
writes.
TJ}

% S Davating (Future) Siisulatin. Will be written. Shall

or will write.
S / 'angharup ( Imp. and fnf ) -Sulati n Let it be written to ;

be written. Write it

PvsaiVK I

ITgat {Root) . Sulat. = - - - Letter; writing.

^ Nakaraan (
Past.) - - - - - Isinulat. Wrote with (the ins-
•
trument of writing )
^x Kasalukuyan ( Prssent) - - Isinusulat, Write or writes with.
S i Davating [Future) Isiisulat. Shall or will write
with.
?c Fani^harap [Imp. and Inf.) [sulat. Writ*^ with [the ins-
trument of wriling]

PASSIVE AN
Ugdt {Root) Sulat. = Letter; writing.
Nakaraan {Past) .... - Sinulatan. Wrote in or on.
Kasalukuyan {Present) ^ ^ SiniisulatvU Write [or writes] in
OS ^ or on
1 IDarating (Future) Siisulatan. Vor will! write
Shall
^ ^ in or on.
I* Pansharapifmp.and /nf.).^xx\2iitin. Write in or on. To
write in or on.
 —178—
Ak6'y sumiisulat is^ng liham
iig I write a letter to my father.
sa akin'g ama Suiuusulat ak6
Dg isang liham sa akin'g ama
Siniisulat ko ^ng liham. Akin'g I write the letter.
smusulat ^ng liham
Ak6'y siisulat da papeL I am going to write on the paper,
Siisulatau ko ang pap^l I shall ( or will) write on the
paper
And ba ang Biniisulat ni Pedro? What does Peter write? VVha
is Peter writing?
And ba ang isindsulat ni Pedro? With what does Peter write?
With what is Peter writing?
Lapis ang isiniisulat ni Pedro. Peter writes with a pencil. Peter
is writing with a pencil.

Sumulat ka ) (Thou) Write 1

Sumulat siya I Let hi in or her
8umukt tayo Oji write proBe com
kami ) ng parayon. Let us write position
Sumulat ka}'6 I
»
(You) Write
Sumulat fiita Let them write
Sujatin mo 1 (Thou) Write
Sulatin niyo i Let him or her I

Sualtin natin <^$ \ , ,^ write

namia ^^^ ^^^*-
Leo us write } the poem.
Sulatin ninyo {
(You) Write I

Sulatin nila . J Let them write J

faulat mo 1 (Thou) Write
Isulat niya
j
Let him {or
Isulat natin ^1" : her) write
namin >angpamtik. Let us write
with the pen.
fsulat ninyo ! [You] Write
Isulat nila j Let them write
Sulatan mo [Thou] write
]
Sulatan niya
|
Let him or her
Sulatan natin og • ang pisarang- write on the black
namin {
daJig. Let us write board.
Sulatan ninyo ! [You] Write
Sulatan nila J Let them write

PIGKOKONGHUGA BADYANG ''LUMAKAD'\=^COBiV

NCi
GATION OF THE VERB "LUMAKAD*'.
AKTUNHIN ()
Nakar. [Past] -
Lamakad. Walked ; have or has walked
 179-
Kasal» [Pres] Lum^lakad. Walk, walksr.
Dar. [Fut ] - Lalakad. Shall or will vvalk^
Pghar, [[mn. and Inf.]-Lurnakad, Walk; to walk.
Bady&on [Verbal - - - Paglakad. Walking.

PASUNHIN. (*)

AN IN I

Makar -Linakaran o? Linakad a^; nilakad. Ilinakad og ini-

nilakar^n. lakad.
ICadal. -Linilakaran og Lin^lakad oip^ nihilakad. Ilinalakad a^f ini*

nilalakaran. lalakad
Dar. - -Lalakaran. Ldlakarin. Ilalakad.
Pghar. • Lakaran. Lakarin. Ilakadv

pagcokonghugA b\dyang ''UMAbOT' =oonjv^

n(3
GATION OP THE VERB ''UMaBOT,''
Ugdt: Abot. Uinab6t.=To reach, to get.

AKWNHIN
NTakar. [Past] Umab6t. Retched; got. Have or h^a
reached; have or haa gotten.
(Canal [Pres.] - - • - Umaabdt. Reach, reaches; get, geta
Dar. [Fut] Anbot. Shall or will reach; shall or
will get.
P^har. (Imp. and Inf.)-Uniab6t. Reach; get.
BadySon [Verbal] - Pag-abot. Reaching; getting.

PASUNHIN
IN I AN
Nakar. Tnabot. Iniabot. Inabutan. Was reached or gotten.
Kasal. hiaabot Iniaabdt. Inaabutan Is reached or gotten.
Dar. Aabutin. laabdt. Aabutan. Will be reached or gotten.
P^har. Abutin. I;ib6t. Abut^n« Be reached or gotten.

[*] Ang salitang ^'aktunhin'^ ay galing sa latin'g actus

na buhat sa badyang f^i^o na ang kahulugdn sa tagalog ay
**gumawa'\ **magtagnyod*\
Ang salitang ''pasunhin^' ay galing sa latin*g pas$U9 na
buhat Fa badydng patior na ang kahulugfin ay '*magtiia^\
**magbati.''
 •180—

PAGKOKONGHIJGA NO BADYANG
TION OF THE VEtiB
Ugnt: Yari, Yumari.^ro finish the work
aKTUNHIN.
Nakkr. [Past.] Yurnari. Finished; have or has finished»
Kasal. [Pres j - - Yuinayari.
- Finish, finishes.
Dar. [Fut.J Y^ayari. Shall or will finish.
Pghar. [Imp. and Inf.] -Yurnari. Finish; to finish.
Badyaon [Verbal] - - Pagyari. Finishing.

PA SUNHI N.
IN I

Nakar, Niyari. Iniyari.

Kasal Ni\ ayari. Iniyayari.
Dar. - Yayariin. lyayari.
Pghar.- - Yariin lyari.

ACTIVE MAO.
Uxdt (Root) — - Aral .
— - -
Doctrine, instruction,
§ Nakaraiiu (Past) - • - Nag-aral. r^tudied ;have or hius studied.
I S Kasahikuyan (Present) - Nag-aral. Study, studies.
Daratin^ (Future) - - Mag iaral. Shall or will study.
Panghanip (Imperative
7^
and Infinitive) - - . . \[ug-aral. Study; to study.
Badyaon (Verbal) . - - Pjig-aaral. The act of studying.

PASSIVE PAG-AN.
IJgdL (Root) . - . . ^ral.= - - - Doctrine, instruction,
Nakaraan (Past) Pinag-arahin Wjis studied.
Kasalukuyan (Present) PinAg-aaralan. Is studied
£ I Daraiinfn (Future) Pag aaralan, Shall or will be studied.
Pan^kiirdp Imperative Pag-aralan. Let it be studied; to
and Jnfmittve. be studied. Study it,

PASSIVE PAG— I

Uf^dt (Root) . . Aral.= Doctrine, instruction

g Nakaraan (Past) I pi nag-aral. The reason, means oi

I I fCasahiktiyan (Present) ^ . Ipinag anral. tinje on which, by oi

£ g Daratin^ (Future) ..... Ipag-aaral. for which,
a person
^ H /^an^hardp (Imp and studied. Etc., etc.
^:^ ^«/J'
Ipau-aral.
Nag-aaralako ng wik^ng pilipinhin. I study the Philippine language
 — 181 -

Pinag-aaralan ko ang balarilkng I study the Philippine grammar.

pilipinhin.
Nag-aaral ka ba sa iskuwelahan? Do you study in sohool (or at
school)?
Nag-aaral ba si Huwan ng batas? Does John study law?
Nag-aaral siya ng midisina. He
studies medicine.
Piaag-aralan mo baaag iyoiig lis- Did you study your lesson?
yon.^
Nag-aral tuyo- We have studied.

PAGKOKONGHUGA. NS BADYANG 'Mf 4(7 /5ZP". -CONJUGA-

TION OF THE VERB ''MAG 1SIP'\
U^at: Isip. Magisip. -tT^ think.

ARTUNHIN.
Nakar. [Past^ - - Nag-isip. Thought; have or has thought.
Ka«aL [Pr^s ] Nag-iisip. Think, thinks.
Dar. [Fut.] - - - Mag iisip* Shall or will think.
Pghar. [Imp. and Inf.] - Mag-isip, Think; to thmk,
Badyion (Verbal) - - - - Pag-iisip. Thinking.

PASUNHIN.
PAG-IN PAG-AN PAG-I
Nakar. Pinag-isip. Pinag-isipan. Ipinag-isip.
Kasal. - Pinag-iisip. Pinag lisipan. Ipinag-iisip.
Dar. - - Pag iisipin. Pag-Iisipan. Ipag-fisip.
Pghar. ..---- Pag-ii^ipin. Pa^-isipan. Ipag-isip.

Ano ang pinag-iisip mo? What are you thinking about?

Pinag-iisip ko ang akin'g nangu- I am thinking about my lonely
ngulilang kabuhayan. life.

Huwag mo akong pag-isipan ng Do not think bad things of me.

masam&.
Ano ang ipinag-iisip mo ng gani- What is the cause of your think-

yan'g karaming bagay-baga} ? ing about so many things?

I ko n^ mga ibang pa-
pag-iisip I will think of other means to
raan ang bagay na ito upang settle the matter.
malutas.

PAGKOKONQHUGA NG BADYANG ''MAGTAP0N'\=C01^

JQGATION OF THE VERB ''MAQTAPON'\
Ugcit: Tapon. Magtapon.=To throw.
 -182-
aKTUNHIN.
Nakar. [Past] Nagtapon. Threw; have orha»
thrown.
Kasal. [Pres.] .-....- Nagtatapon. Throw, throws.
Dar [Put.] Magtatapon. Shall or will thr(»w.
P|har. [Imp. and Inf.] -- Magtapoiu Throw; to throw.
Bady&on [Verbal] Pagtatapon. Throwing,

PASUNHIN.
I. AN.
Nakar. Itinapon. Tinapunan*
Kasal. ....-.- Itinatapon Tinatapunan.
Dar. Itatapon. Tatapunan.
Pghar. - - Itapon. Tapunan.
Huwag mong itapon ang papel sa Do not throw the paper on tho
flahig. I
floor.
Huwag kang magtapon ng papel, Don^t throw paper.
Itapon ninyo. Throw it.

Bakit kayo nagtatapon ng mga Why do you throw books?

Hklat?
Bakit itinatapon ninyo, og bakit Why do you throw the books?
ninyo itinatapon, ang rnga
aklat?
Hindi namin itinatapon. We do not throw them.
Itinapon ba niya ang bulaklak? Did she throw the flower?
AUn ang knniyang tinapunau ng Where did she throw it?
bulaklak?
Ang daanangkaniyangtinapunan. She throw it in the road.

PAGKOKONGHUGA ng BADYANG •'J/4(7/?IOiF \— CONJU

GATION ON THE VERB ''MAGBIGAY'\
Ugdt: BigSy. Magbigay. To give,

AKTUNHIN
Nakar. [Past.] Nagbigay. Gave; have or has given.
Kasal [Prest] Nagbibigay. Give, gives.
Dar. [Fut.] Magbibicijrty. Shall or will give
Pghar. [Imp. and Inf.] - - Mi^gbigay. Give; to give,
Badydon [Verbal] - - - • - Pa^bibigay. Giving.

PASUNHIN.
L AN.
Nakar. - - - Ibinigay. Binigyan. Was given. i
 -183-
Kasal. - - . - Ibinlbig^y. Binibigyan. Is given.
Dar. Ibibig^y* Bibigyan. Shall or will be
given.
Pghar. - . . . Ibifefiy. Bigyan. Be given.
Kagbibigay ak<5 ng salapl sa iyo. I will give you fcome money.
Bibigyan kita ng ealapi. will give money to you.
Ibibigay ko sa iyo (^ng galapl. I will give you the money.
Kanino mo ibibigiy ang talaa- To whom will you give the die-
mani!kan? tionary?
Sine ang bibigyan niya ng arit- To w^hom will he give an aritb-
misan? metic?
Si Karyo ung bibigyan niya ng He will give Karyo an artitb
aritmisan. metic,
Bibigyna eila ng Uakanin. They will be given food.

PAGIKOKONGHUGA NG BADYANG ''MAGWALiS''—COnTO

GATION OF THE VERB ''JUAGWALfS'\
Ugnt: Walls. Magwalis. = To sweep.

AKTUNHIN.
Nakar. [Past.] -..-•-- Nag walls. Swept; have or has swept -*

Kasal. [Pres.] .*-..• Ntigwawalfs. Sweep, sweeps.

Dar. [Fut.] . . ^ . . . . Magwawalis. Shnll or will sweep.
Pghar. [Imp. and Inf.] - Magwalis. Sweep; to sweep.
Bady&on [Verbal] Pagwawalis. Sweeping.

PASUNHiy.
IN. AN. L
Nakar. [Past ] • Niwalis Niwalisan. [niwalfa.
Kasal. [Pres] Niwawalis. Niwawalisan. Iniw^wali»
Dar. [Fut.] - ^ Wawalisin. Wawalisan. Iw&walis
Pghar. [Imp. and Inf ] - - Walisin. Walisan. Iwalis.

PAGKOKONGHUGA ng MGa BADYANG ''LUMABAN'' at

''.\/AGLABAN^\
Lumaban.=To reiist, to contradict, to fight.
Maglaban.=To resist, one another; to wrestle,
to fight each other.

AKTUiXHIN.
UM. MAG.
Nakar - - Lumaban. Naglaban. Fought; have
fought.
 -181—
Kasal. Lumalaban! Naglalaban. Fight.
Dar - - - - Lalaban. Maglalabao Will tight.
Pghar. Lumaban. Muglaban. Fight; to fight.
Badyfton Paglabna. Paglalaban. Fighting.

•
. PASUNHIiV,
AN. PAG-AN,
Nakar.— Linabanari og nilabanan Pinaglabanan.
Kasal.— Linalabanan og iiilala- Piaaglalabanan.
banan.
Dar. --- Lalabanan. Paglnlabanan.
Pghar™ La banan. Paglabanan.

I. PAG-IN PAG-I.
Uinaban og inilaban. Pinaglaban. Ipinaglaban.
Ilinalaban og inilalaban. Pinaglalabaii. Ipinaglalaban.
Ilalab.in. Paglal^banin. Ipaglalaban.
Ilaban. Paglabanin Ipa^laban,

Magpulong =To hold a meeting.

Nakar. (Past-) Nagpulong. Held a meeting.

Knsal. (Pres ) Nagpiipulong. Hold a meeiirig-
Dar (Fut.) . Ma^piipulong. Will hold a meeting
Pghar. (Imp. and Inf.) . . Magpulong. Hold a meeting; to
hold a meeting.
Bady^on (Verbal) ....... Pagpupulong. Holding a meeting.

Maghiwalay.^To separate from each other.

Nakar. [Past.l - Naghiwalay. Separated from each

other.
, Kasttl. [Pres.] Naghihiwalay. Separate from each
other.
Dar. [Fut.] Maghihiwalay. Will separate from
each other.
Pghar. [Imp. and Inf.] - - Maghiwalay. Separate from each
other.
Badyaon [Verbal] ----- Paghihivralay. Separating fn>m each
other.

Mag8int||,han.»=To loye eaoh other.

Nakar. [Past.] - - Nagsintahan. Loved each other.

Kasbl, [Pres.] ------ Nagsisintahan. Love each other.
Dar. [Fut.] Magsisintahan, Shall or will love
each oth^r.
 .

—185—
Pghar. [Imp. and Inf.] - - Magsiatahan. Love each other; to
love eftch other.

Badyiion [Verbal] Pagsisintahan. Loving each other.

Magkagalitan.-To get angry with each other

[oi' id one another]

Nakar. [Past] Nagkftgalitan. Got angry with one

another.
Kasal. [Pree.] Nagkakagalitan. Get angry with one
another.
Dar. [Fut.] Magkakagalitan. Will get angry with
one another.
Pi>har. [Imp. ani Inf.] .. Magkagalitan. Get angry with on»
another to get;

angry with one

another.
Bady4on [Verbal] Pagkakagalitan. Getting angry with
one another.
Magtin.i>in-tinginan.-=To look at each other very much.
.Vlagsakit-Bakitan.=To feign, to be sick.
Magbahay.=To make a house,
Magbigas.--=To sell rice.
Vlag-ikino. ^To sell huyo.
Mag-ikmuhan.^To work in the bnyo Held.
Magbangk&. = To go in a boat, to ride in a boat
Magkabanalan.=To exercise in virtue.
Maginarunong, maginaalam. = To boast, to be wi^e.,

ACTIVE MA.
Uj^dt (hoot) ........ Takot. = . . . Fear, dread.

I yakaraan (Past.) ..... . Natakot. Was or were afraid.

I?- k'asMlukuyan (Present) . . . Nakatakot. Am, are wis afraid.
i^ I Daratinn (Futuye) ..... Matatakot. Shall or will be afraid.
Jit, Panghavap ( /mperativ*
^ and /nfinttive) Matakot. Be afraid fear; to fenr. ;

Hadyaon ( Verbal ).... . . Pagkatakot. Fear; being afraid;

fearing

PASSIVE KR— AN
Ugdt {Root) Takot.= - - - Fear, dread.
5 Nakaraan (Past) - - - Kinatakutan. It whs feared; etc.

1^ k'asalukuyan {Present). - Kinatatakutan. It is feared; etc.

(2 Darating {Future) - - - Katatakutan. It will be feared; etc.
I
tL Pangharap{hnp, and /nf.).K-dLi&\iViiSLn. . Let it be feared. T«
I be feared.
 •186-

Natatakot ako sa kulog. Ako'y 1 am

afraid of the thunder. I

natatakot sa kulog. fear the thunder.

Kinatatakutan ko ang kidlat. I am afraid of the lightning
Akin'g kinatatakutan ang The lightning is feared bj me
kidlat. I fear the lightning.

ACTIVE MR
Ugdt {Root) ...... Galit.- - - - Anger, ire.

Nakayatn (Past) - - - Nagalit, Got angry.

I
g '^Kasalulcuyan Present) \ - Nagagalit. Get angry, gets angry.
i g Damting {Future). - . Magagalit, Shall or will get angry.
l1 Pangharap {Imp, and
I M.) - - Magalit. Get angry.
Badyaoi {Verbal) « . Pagkagalit, The act of getting
angry.

PASSIVE KA— AN
Ugdt {Root) . . . -^ Galit.= - - - Anger, ire

1 NaJcaraan Hast) - - -( Kinagalitan.

t^ K^saluhnyan Present) \
-^ Kin^gagHlitan.
2
I
Darnting {Future) - - Kagagalitan.
&1 Pangharap {Imp and
I /nf,) . . Kagalitan.

PASSIVE MAKA— AN
Ugdt {Root) - . . Galit.- - - - Anger, ire,

o ^Nakaradn {Pasat) Nakagalitan.

&salukuyan {Present) Nakakagalitan.
S g Darating { future) - Makakagalitan.
Eii Pangharap {Imp. and
- - Makagalitan.

Nagagalit ka ba sa akin? Are you angry at me? Are you

angry with me?
Hindi ako nagagalit i^ iyo. I am not angry at you. I am
not angry with you. I do not

g#t angry with you.

Nagagalit ba siya kay Pedro? Does she get angry with Peter?
Ib she angry with F^eter?
Hindi siya magagalit sa kaniya. :;jShe will not be angry with him.
Kinagagalitan mo ba ako? Are you angry with me.
Hindi kita kinagagalitan. I am not angry with you.
Kagagalitan ba niya si Pedro? Will she be angry with Peter?
Hindi niya kagagalitan siya. She will not be angry with him.
 .

—187—
Kagagalitan ko ang anoman'g I shall get angry at any bad
gawang mftsamA. action,
Nakagalitan ako ng akin'g ama My father got angry with me
dahil sa iyo. because of you.
Nakagalitan ko siya, I get angry with him.
Nakakagalitan mo sila. You get angry with them.

PAGKOKOKONGHUGA NG BADYANG MAMATAY.'' = ''

CON JUG ATIGN OF THE VERB MAMAT A F ' *

'

Lgat: Matay. Mamat^y. -To die.

AKTIJNHIN.
Nakar (Past) Namatdy. Died.
Kasal. (Pres.) ----- Namamatay. Die, dies
Dar. (Fut.) - ----- Mamamatay. Shall or will die.
Pghar. (Imp. and inf.) - Mamatay. Die.
Badydon (Verbal) ^ .- - Pagkamatay, Dying.
PASUNHIN
KA— AN. MAKA— AN. I (IKA).
Nakar. Kinamatayan. Nakamatayan. Ikinamatay.
Kasttl. Kinamamatayan. Nakakamatayan. Ikihamamatay.
Dar, Kamamatayan. Makakamatayan. Ikamamatay.
Pghar. Kamatayan. IMakamatayan. Ikamatay.

Ang matapang na sundalo ay na- The brave soldier is ready to

hahandang mamatay dahil sa die for the country (for the
bayau. people)
Lason ang ikinamatay niya. Na- He died because of poison. He
matay sa lason. died of poison.
Ang atin'g Mananakop (Atin'g Our Lord died for the salvation
Mahal na Panginoon) ay of mankind.
namatay dahil sa kaligttisan
ng sangkatauhun. Ang kalig,
tasan n^ sangkatauhan ang
ikinamatdy ng Atin'g Mahil
na Panginoon.
Ang tinubilanglupa ang ikina- The intrepid patriots die for the
mamatay ng mga magiting. fatherland.
Namamatay ang mga magiting
sanhl sa tinubtianglupd.
Itoang bahay na kinamatayan This the house
is where my
ng kapatid kong lalaki. brother died.
Ang ili na kamamatayan ko, ay The town in whieh I shall die
ang akin'g ili. is my town.
 "188-

Kamatayan ko ang sariling Let me die at home.

tahanaiK Maniatay ako sa
sariling tahaaaa.
Matulog. =T() sleep.
Nakar. (Past) Natulog. Ir^lept.

lv*sal. (Pres.) Natdtulog. :3ieep, sleep^^.

Dan (Fat.) --.-.- Matdtulog. Shall or will sleep,
Pghar. (Imp. and Inf.) - Matulog Sleep.
BudyAon (Verbal) - - - - Pagkatulog, pag- Sleeping.
tuiog.

ACTIVE MANG (MAN, MAM.)

rgai (Hoot) - - - - Laga8.== - - - Thti fall of mai.y
leave» and fruits.
Nafcaraaii ( I'ast) - - - Nanglagas. They were falling.
xMany fell.
3
I Kasaiiiknyan {hes.) - Nanglalagas, They are falling.
"^ -1 DaratiNg (Fut,) Mangl^^lagas.
- - - They will be falling.
'^^^ Faoj^hanrp {imp. and
Inf.) ' - Manglagas. Be falling
Bddyaon ( I'n'hal) - - Panglalai^as. The act of falling.
rr-dt (Root) .-.--. . DigmA.= - - War.
« ' Nakaraan {Past) - Nangdigma. Warred; were war-
ring.
^ * KamlnJcuyaJi {Pres.) - NangdirigmA. Are warring.
^ * Darating {Fat ) - - - Mangdirigma. Shall o>' will war.
Shall or will be war-

''
Pangfiarap {Imp. and
Inf.) - - - Mangdigma. War; war, to be
to
warring.
Badyaon ( V^erbal PangdiriginA, The act of warring
PASSlVa PANG-lN.
I Nakanvm {Pad) PinangdigmA - -

S J Kasalukayan (Pref< ) - HinangdirigmA.

2 S Darating (Fat,) - — - Pangdingmain.
^ tl Pangharap {Imp. and
^' In),) ~ - ' Pangdigmoin.
PASSIVE PANG— AN.
I Nakaraan {Pad) - - Pinangdigmdan.
c I luiHaliikuyan (Pres ) - PinangdirigmSan,
*
S Darating {Fut,) - — - Pangdirigmaan.
^ Pangharap {hnp. and
i* Inf.) - - -
Pangdigmlan.
 —189—
PASSIVE PANG— I.

Vg(H {Root) - - DigmA.-- W^r.

c Nakaraan {Fafit) - - - - Ipinangdigrna.
I I KasaUtkuVan { Fres,) - ipinangdirigma.
I I
Darating {FtU,) - - - - Ipaiigdiriguia,
3s^c Paugharap {Imp. and
^ li}f ) - - - Ipangdigind.

PAdKOIvONGHLJUA NG BADYANG .^fANULAT'\ '' ^

uONjauAnoN of the verb ''^ianulat:^
Ug(H\ Sulat. Maniilat. — To write professionally. To be writiri,

AKTUNUIK
Nakar. [Past.] - - - - Nanulat. Wrote.
ivasai. [Pres J Nauiinulat» Wiite, writes.
l>ar.[b'ut.J/- . - . - - Mandnulat. Shnll or will write.
Pghar, [laip. and luf.J - Maiiulat. Write,
liaiyaoa. [ Verbal] - - - Panuuulat, Writing,
PASUNH/N
PAN— IN. PAN— I. PAN— AN.
Nakar. - • ^^iiiaimlat. Ipinaiiulat. Piuanulat.in.
Knsal. - . Piaiauiiulat. Ipinatuinulat. Piiianiiaulaian.
l)ar. - • - Pauuimlatiii. [paiuiaulat. Puiiuaulatan.
Pghar. - - Paaulaiia. Ipaaulat. Pauulataa.

PAGKOlvONGHUGA NO BXDYiNG ''MAMAIIALA>\=^

CONJUGATION OF THE VISRB ''MA^V/AHALA^^
llgdt: Bahal^. Mamahala.—To govern-

AKTUNHIN
Nakar. [Past] - * - ^ Namahal^. - Governed.
Kasal LProB'] - N.imamahala. - - . Govern, f^overas.
Dar, [Fut ] .-....- Maaiamahal^. Shall or will govern
Pghar. [Imp nnd Inf.] Mamahalii. - Govern,
Badyaoa [Verbal] - - Pamarnahal^. - Governing.
rASUNHlN
PAM— AN. PAM— I.
Nakar ....... Pinamahalkan. Ipinamahalli.
Kasal. - . . . u . . • Pinamamahalkau. Ipinamamahal^.
 —190
Dar. Pamamahalaan. Ipamamahala.
Pghar. - .-...-. Pamahal^aii. Iparnahala.

PAGEOKONGHUGA NG BADYANG ''MANGUHa^\^

CONJUGATION OF THE VERB ''MANGUHA.^^
UgM: Kuha. Manguha.==To gather; to take, to be taking.

AKTUNHIN
Nakar. [Past] - Nanjiuha. Took; gathered.
Kasal. [Pres] - Nangiinguha. Take, takes: gather,
gathers.
Dar. [Fut.] .:.... Mangunguha. Shall or mil take;
Shall or will gather.
Pghar. [Imp. and Inf.] - Manguha* Take; gather.
Badyaon [Verbal] - - - Paugunguna. Taking; gathering.
PASUNHIN
PANG—IN. PANG— AN,
Nakar. - - Pinangha. Pinanguhanpn, og pinangunan.
Kas^L - " Pingungiiha. Pinangiinguhanan, Of/ pinangii-
ngunan.
Dar - - - Pangunguhanin, og Paniiunguhanan, og pangii-
paugungunin. ngunan.-'
Pghar. - - Panguhanin, og pa- Panguharjan, og pangunan.
ngunin.

PANG— I.
Ipinanguha.
Ipinangurjguha.
Ipangiinguha
Ipanguha.

PAGKOKONGHUGA NG BADYANG *'MANG/lJVLONG^^ =

CONJUGATION OF THE VERB ''MANGANLONG.'^
UgoX: Khnlong. Ma«ganlong.=Tc shelter.

AKTUNHIN
Nakar. (Past) NanSanlong. Sheltered.
Kasal (Pres) Nanganganlong. Shelter, shelters.
Uar. U^utJ Manganganlong.
. . .
Shall or will shelter.
Pghar. (Imp. and Inf.) Manganlong.
.
Shelter.
Bdyaon (Verbal) .... Pan^-anganlong. Sheltering.
 —191—
FASUNH/N
PANG— AN, PANG-L
Nakar, , . Pinanganlungan. Ipinanganlong.
Kasal. . . Pinanganganlungan! Ipinanganganlong.
Dar. . . . Panganganlungaii. Ipanganganloug.
Pgimr, . . Panganluagan. Ipanganlong.

AN.
Kinanlungan. Ikinaiilong
Kinakanlungan. Ikinakanlon^.
Kakanlungan. Ikakanlong.
Kanlungan. Ikanlong.

PAGKOKONGHUGA Ng MGA BADYANG ''MANG/I A^AD>'

AT ''
MAJVGISDA.''
Ugat: Akad. Mangakad.=To go hunting, to hunt.
Nakar. [Past] , . , . . Nangakad. Hunted.
Kasal. [PreB.J Nangan^'akud. Hunt, hunts.
Dar. [Fut] Mangingakad. Shall or will hunt.
Pgh.ir.[Imp. and Inf.] . Mangakad. Hunt.
Badyaon [Verbal] , . . Panganiiakad. Hunting.

Ugat: Isda. Mangisd^.==To go fishing; to catch fishes.

Nakar. [Past] .... . NanJiisda. Fished.

Kasal. [Pres.] Nangingisda, Fish, fishes.
Dar. [Fut] Mangingisda. Shall or will fish.
Pghar. [Imp, and Inf ] . Mangisda, Fish.
Badydon [Verbal] . . . PangingisdA, Fishing.

ACTIVE liAKA (potentiality.)

Ugat {Root) .... Sulat.=Writing, letter.

Pangharap sa um: Sumulat, = To write.

^ Nakaraan (Past) . . . Nakasulat Could oi' might write.

5 kasahikuyan {J^res ) . Nnkasusulat. Can or in^j write.

t ^ Darating (Fut.) . . . Makasiisulat. Shall or will be able
^ w, to write. Can or
^ t may write.
« ^ Pangharap {Imp. and
^ Inf.) . Makasulat. Be able to write. May
or can write.
Badyaon {Verbal) . . Pagkasulat. Being able to write.
 —192—
PASSIVE MA,
Pangharap sa in: Sulatin, -Write it; to be written.
Ntikaroon (Past) . . . Nasulat. It could be writt-n.
1 « Kas'ilukikyan ( Pr( sent) . Nasusulat. It can be written.
^ i O'f rating (Future) . . Masusulat. It can be written.
^ ^. Pangharap (Inifj. and Masulat. That it ina\ ))e writt-
en.

Pangharap sa /; l.siilat. = To write with; to be written with.

Ndkaraan (Past) Naisnlat. It could be written
with
I IKamlukvyan (Present) . Naisiisiilat, It can be written with.
^P Darating {Future) . . M;.isiisulat. It can be written with.
S)^ Panharap (Imp. and Maisulat. That it nifty be writt-
en with

Pangharap sa an: Sulatan =To write on or \n.

J Nakaraan ( Pa^t) . . Nasulatan.

g g Kasalukuyan ( Pret^ent) NaJ^ii sulatan.
-a Darating (Future) . Masusulaian.
^ w Pangharap (Imp. and
U Inf ) . . Masulatan.
Mrtisiisulat mo ba ang lapis na Can you write with this pencil.
ito?
Naistisulat ko ang lapis na ito. T can write with this pencil,
Nasulatan ba ninyo ang papel na (buld you write on that paper?
iyan?
Nasulat ko na ang liham nang I had written the letter when you
dumating ka. came.
Nakasulat na ako ng liham I had written a letter when you
noon'^ kayo'y dumating. came.
Naaulat narnin ang amin'« mga We could write our (composi-
kathar tions.
Nanfniwla akong pagbalik mo I thai when you come
believe
nsayon'g hapon-ary-m^ilat ko back this afternoon I shall
na ang akin'g liham. have written my letter already.
Sinulatan ba nU atin'g kaibigan Did our friend write in his copy-
ang kuderno niya? book?
Hindi niya Binulatan. He did not write on it.
PAGKOKONGHUGA BADYANG MAK aGAWA'\ N(5 ''

CONJUGATION OF THE VERB ''MAKAGAWA''

Ugdt: Gaw^.
 . . «

—193-
Panghardp sa urn: Gumaw&.==To make, to do, to work.

Makagawl. = Can or may work; may or can mi»ke:

may or can do.

AKTUSUIN
Nakar. [Past] NakagawA,
Kaea}. [Pres,] NakagdgnwA 0(7 nakAkagawA.
Dar. [Put ] Mak^gAgawA og rnakiikagawA.
Pghar. [Imp. and Inf.] . MakagawA
BadyAon [Verbal] , . . PagkagawA.
FASUNHIN
IN. I. AN,
Nakar. NagawA. Naigrtwd, Nagawan (nagawAdn.)
Kasal. NagagawA Naig^gawA. Nagagawan,
Dar. . Magi^gawA. MaigagawA. Magdgwan.
Pffhar. MagawA. Magawan.

PAGKOKONGHUGA BADYANG ''MAKAPAGAW a:'

N(5
CONJUGATION OF THE VERB MAKAPAGOAWA,'' "'

Pangharap sa mag: MaggawA =Td work

MakapaggawA. =Can or may work.

AKTUNHIN
Nakar. (Past) NakapaggawA Could work.
[nakapagtrabaho]
Kagal. (Pres.) ... NakapaggagawA, o^i^ Can work.
nakakapaggawa.
Dar. (Fat.) MakapaggagawA, og Shall or will be
makakapaggawA able to work.
Pghar. (Imp. and Inf.) Makapaggawa [ma- Can work, beabk
kapngtrabaho] to work
BadyAon (Verbal . . PagkapaggawA.
PASUNH/N
IN. L AN.
Nakar. . . NapaggawA. NaipaggawA. NapaggawAan (napag-
gawin).
KasaK • . NapaggdgawA. NaipaggdgawA. NapaggilgawAan
 -1P4-
Oar. . . . Xfapaggrfgawd MaipaggagawA MapaggagawS^n.
Pghar. . . MapaggavvA. Maipaggawd. M«paprgawaan (mapag-
gawan).

PAGKOKO^^GHUaA NG RVDYAnG 'UrAKAPANGARAU>.

- CONJUGATION OF THE VERB ''MAKAPANOARAL
''

Vgai: Aral, pangaral.

Pinghardp sa mang: ^^angaral=.To preach.

MaHpangaraK=Can or may preach.

AKTUNHIN
Nakar. [Paat] .....
N:ikapan5ara1.
Ka?al. [Prps.] Nakapan&*»ngara1,
, , • • . og nftklWapangara!*
Oar. [Put.] \fHkapan5fin aral, og mak^kapnngaraJ.
Pghar [tmn. ani fnf.]- Nfakaoangnral.
Badydon [Verhal] Pagkiipang:arfil,

PASUNHIN
Nfakar. Nai pangaral. NapanUaralan.
KaaaK Naipanga- Napangangaralan.
ngaral.
Dar. • Ma I pan ga- Mapangangar^Ian.
nlaral,
PJhar. Maipangaral. Vfapangaralan

ACTIVE MAKA [causality].

(Jgat(Root) Ginhawa.= . . Alleviation, comfort

Nalaraan (Past.) N^k^ginhawft. . . It cnuFed comfort.
\ Kasalvknyan fPres.)' Nakajfiginhawa. It cauj^es comfort or
3 8 allevi.tion.
£i
I
Daratlng (Future) . Makasiginlinwu. It will cause allevit\t
ion.
« Pangharap (Imp, and
Fnf.) . . MMkagrinhnwa. To canpse alleviation.
' Badyaon (Verbal) . Pagkaginhawa. The act of causing
comfort.

PASSIVE IKA.
Ugat (Root). . . . Ginhnvva. - - - Alleviation, comfort.
 —195-

Nakaraan (Pant) . • Ikinagiiihawa. It was the cause of

the alleviation oi
comfort.
Kasalukuyan (Pre^.) . Ikinglginhawa, It is the cause of the
alleriation or com-
fort.
2 Darating (Put.) . . Ikaglginhawa. It will be the cause ol
c the alleviation oi
comfort.
Pangharap (Imp and
ar
la/J Ikaginhawa.
• • . Be the cause of the
oUeviation or
comfort.

Alio kayd ang makietgfgiLhawa sa What will alleviate my pain?

akin^g sakii?
Ang Banal na Palasambahan The Holy Religion will alleviate
ang makagiginhawa sa iyong your pain.
fiakit.
Ano ang nakaginhawa sa may. What relieved the eick person?
sakit?
Ang gam6t na iyong ibinig^y 8a The medicine you gave him re-

kaniya ay siyang ta kaniyu'y lieved his sickness.

nakaginhawa.
Ano ang ikinarnatay ni Horhe? What was the cause of George''»
death.
Lagnat ang ikinamatdy niya. Fever was the cause of his death.
Namit&y siya au lagnat. Fever caused his death. H«
died of fever.

PAGKOKONGHUGA NG badyAng PASUNHIN^G ''IKA

PAGKASUND0'\=C0^3UGATl01f OP THE PASSIVE
VERB IKAPAGKASVSDO.''
l)aai\ Sundd,

Pangharap sa tnagka: Magkusundd. -^To reconcile each

other; to settle dil-
ferences on friendly
terms.

IkapagkasundA. ^To be the motive of the reconciliation.

Nakar. [Past] . o . . . Ikinapagkasundd.

Kasal. iPres.] Ikinapagkakasundd.
I)ar. [Fut] Ikapagkakasundd.
Pghar. Ll»np. and Inf.] . Ikapagkdeundd
 .

— 196-
AOTIVK MAKA [completeness.]

Ugat {Root) . . •Yari.=Pini3hed work.

.

Paiighanip ^i\ urn: YumarL=To fiinish the work;

to conclude.

Nakaraan Nakayari na. Had finished the

work. Shall or will
have finished the
work
Fiiyxghardp Makayarl na. After . . . hhve or
has finished the
work.

PASSIVE liA,
Sakaraan Nayari na.
Panghar^p Mayari na.

PAGKOKONGHUGA SA U<^k BADYANG ''SUMULAT\

''MAG ARAV\ '\MATULOG'' AT ''MANOANLO/VO'\ SA
KAHULUGANTx KAGANAPAN. ~ CONJUGATION OP
THE VERBS '\SUMULAr\ ''MAOARAL'\ ''MA^
rilLOG'' AND ''MASGANL0NG'\ IN THK
MEANING OP COMPLETENESS.
a Nakaraan ..... Nakasiilat na. Had written. Shall or
have written.
will
I Pangharap Makasulat na After .have or. .

<
has written.
I Nakaraan Nasulat na. It had been written.
I
m
Panghardp .... Masulat na. After it has been
written.
a Nakaraan ...... Nakapag-aral na. Had studied. Shall or
have studied.
will
3 PangharAp Makapag-aral na After have-.- or has
^ •
•

studied.
a Nakaraan Napag-aralan na It had been studied-
^ It will have been
fl studied.
* Pangharap . . Mapag-araUn na. After it has been
^ studied.
^ Nak^^raan , Natulog na. Had slept. Shall or
% have slept.
will
I Pangharap Matulog na. After- -- have or has
^
slept.
 —197—
^ Nakaraan ,.,... Nakatulugan na. Had alept. Shall c>r

I have alept.
will
Pangharap ..... Makatulugan na. After-— have or haa
I
slept.

a Nakaraan Nakapanganlong I had sheltered. I

I na ako. shall have sheltered.

3 Panghariip ..... Makapanganlong After I have sheltered,
"^
na ak6.

^ Nakaraan Napanganlungan ko na.

• Pangharap .... Mapanganlungin mo na.

Nakaraan Napanganlungdn na niya.

Pangharap Mapanganlungdn na natin.

XXVlil

Prigkokonghvga sa pavmmagitan Conjugation by the verbal parti-

ng ti/pik badyaon^g magpa, cles magpa^ maki, pa, magka,

maki, pa, magka, waging, maging, magsl, and magsa,

magsl, at magsa, sa tinig ak- in the active and passive voices,
tunhin at pasunhin.

ACTIVE MAGPA.
Ugat (Root) . . . . 8ulat.=Writing, letter.

Sumulat =To write.

MHgpasulat,=Order to write, make write.

o Nakaraan {Past) Nagpasulnt. Ordered to write,

^ ^ KasalukuYan (Pres.) - • Nagpapasulat. Order or orders to
31 write.
I
1 1 Darattng (Fat.) - - - • - Magpipasulat. Shall or will order to
"
« Pangharap (Imp. and write.
J In/ ) - - - Magpasulat. Order to write.
Badyaon {Verbal) - - • ^ Pagpapafiulat. Ordering to write.

PASSIVE PA— IN.

§ Nakaraan {Pa^) ...... Pinasulat.
I 2 Kasalukuyan (Present) ... Pinasusulat.
£ g Darattng {Future) Pasiisulatin.
- ^ Pangharap (Imperative
9 at%d Infinitive) Paaulatin.
 ~I98~
PiSSIVE PA~I,
I
Nakaraan (Past) ,.,.., Ipinaeulat.
Kasalukuyan {Presat) • IpinaMisulat.
g f . . ,

£% Daratitjg (Future) ..... IpaBiilat.

& /^anghardp {/mp and
*
^'/0 Ipasulat.

PASSIVE PA-AN.
^akaraan iPast) Pinasulatmn.
I
^ ^ Kasalukuyan (Present) Pinasusulatan.
- g fMrating (Future) Pasusulatan.
-^ Panghdrp (Imp and
n Inf.) Pasulatan.
Magpasulat ka sa kani} a ng Make him write your name.
iyong pangnlan.
Ipasulat mo sa kaniya ang Make him write the mane Je9U$
pan^alan'g Hesiia.
Pasulatiii mo ang ijong mga Order your pupils to write on
alagad sa kanilang mga their slates.
pisara.
Suwag mong pasusulatan Do not let them write on th«
sa kanila ang mga aklat. book.
Nakasulat na siya ng liham liehad written a letter when
noon'g siya'y pasulatin mo. you ordered him to write.

PAGKOKONGHUGA NG BADYANG ''JUAGPAGUPir\^

COSrJUGATION OF THE VERB ''MAGPAGVPIT'
Magpiigupft.=sTo have one^s hair cut.

AA^TUMIiy
Nakar. [Past] NagpagupH ako. I had my hair cut.
Kasal. [Pres.J • . • • • Nagpapagupit ka. You have your hair
cut.
Dar. [Fut.] - Mag papagupit siya, He will have his hair
cut.
Pghar, [Imp.and lQf.]-Magpagupit tayo. Ltt ns hftve our hai?
cut.
BadyAon [Verbal] . Pagpapagupit niW. Having their haircut

PASUNBIN
I. AN^
Nakan • Ipinagnpft. Pinagupit^n.
Knsal. . , - . . Ipinagugupft Pinagiigupitdn,
 199—
DrtT. Ipagiignpft. PagugupiUn.
Pghar. - Ipaguptt Pagupitan.
Saan mo ibig ipagawA ang iyong Where do you wish to hav« your
damit? Saan tno ninanHismag clothes made?
pagaw^ ng iyong djimft?
[big kong magpataht i>g aking Iwish to have my clothes sewed
dam it sa bahay ni Duwaldu. hi Ned's house.
Papag-aralin mo ang iyong mga Make your children study [or
anak. learn.]
Papag-aralan mo sa kanila ang Make the^n Uarn the catechism.
icatesfs.

NEUTER MAPA.
[•\Mapa'\ NutlA ]

Ugdi (Root) Kalunuran. Occident, west

M[apakalunuran,==Tc go towards the vest.
Niikaraan (Past) - - - Napakalunu- He went, or has gone.
ran siya, towards the went.
;; Kasolukiiyan (Present) Napapa kalu- You go towards the
m nuran kayo. west*
a Darating (Future) « • Mapapakalu- We shall go toward»
nuran tayo, the west.
^ Panghardp (Imperative Mapakalu- Let them go toward»
and Infinitive) - • • . nuran sil^. the west.
Badydon (Verbal) - - • Pagkapaku- Going towards the
lunuran. west.

ACTIVE MAKI.
f7;^'l (Root) Bill— buy; sell,

Makibili.= To meddle with others

in buying.
Makipagbili= To meddle with
others in selling*
VIakipamili= To meddle with
others in purcha-
sing.

d KaJcarnan (Past) . • - - Nakihih'.

^ ^ Kamhikuyan {Present)- - Nakikibili.
2 g PanitCng (Future) - Makikibilf.
au H PangJuirap (Imp and
Makibili.
u Badyaon {Verbal) - Pakikibili,
 .

—200—

Nakipagbill, Nakfkipamili.
Nakikipagbill. NakfkipamiU.
Makikipagbilf. MakfkipamiH.
MakipagbilL Makipamili.
Pakikipagbili. Pakikipamili.

PASSIVE PAKI
IN.
8 ^ Nakaraan {Past) - - -
Pinakibili.
2 8 Kasalukuyan {Present)- PinakikibiK.
2 I Darating {Future) - - -
Pakikibilhin.
t Pangharap (Imp, and
& /n/J .; Pakibilhin.
I. AN.
Ipinakibili. Pinakibilhan,
Ipinakfkibili. Pinakikibilhan.
Ipakfkibilf. Paklkibilhan.
Ipakibili, Pakibilhan.
AN.
IpinakipagbilL Pinakipagbilhan.
Ipinakikipagbill, Pinakf kipagbilhan
[pakikipagbili. Paklkipagbilhan.
Ipakipagbilf. PakipBgbilhan.

PAGKOKONGHUGA NG BM)Y A^^Q/'MAKILUGOIX'

«CONJUGATION OF THE VERB ''MAKILUGOD.'
Makilugod, makigaldk= To congratulate.

AKTUNHIN.
Nakar, [Past] - Nakilug6d. Congratulated •

Kasal. [Pres] - - Naklkilug6d. Congratulbte.

Dar. [Fut.] Makikilug6d, Shall or will congra
tulate.
Pghar. [Imp. and
Inf.] Makilugod. Congratulate.
Badydon [Verbal] ^
Pakikilug6d. Congralulating.
PASUNH/N.
AN.
Nakar. ... - Pinakilugur^n. Ipinakilugod.
Kasal. Pitiaklkilugaran. Ipinaklkilugod.
Dar. ------
- - . ^ -

Paklkiluguran. Ipakfkilug6d.
Pghar. - -^ • - - Pakilugurin. Ipakilugod.
 —201—
M:ikipag.il)it2;aii. To love each otlier.
Maki[)agtaninian. To hate each other.
Makipagsalitann. To speak with each other.
Makibigfis. To ask for a little amount of
rice.
Makiasin, To ask for a little salt
Makiinsik. To act or behave like the Chinese.
Makikastila. To behave or act like the
Spanish.
Mikitao, To resemble a person.
Makihayop. To resemble a beast,
ACTIVE PA.
Uij^it (Root) Ampon. = Protection.
Paamp()n. = To ask for protection.

r Nakafaan (Rfst) Napaampon. Asked for protection.

t ^ Kasahihnjafi {Prts,) - - Napaaampon. Ask or asks for pro-
^ 1 tec t ion
p^ o Daratiiig (Fat.) - - - - Paaampon. Shall or will ask for
X
^ protection
jf Pangharap {hnp, and
Inf,) - - -
Paampon. Ask for protection.
liidyaon (Verbal) - - - Pagpaampon. Asking for protection

PASSIVE PA.
IN.
I Nahiraan (Past) - - Pinaampon.
If Kasolukiiyaa (Present) Pinaaampon.
^i Darating (Future) - - Paaampunin.
^ ^ Panghardp (Imp, and
U Inf.) - Paampunin.
I. AN.
Ipinaampon, Pinaax^punan.
[pinaaampon. Pinaaampunan.
Ipaaampon. Paaanipuniin,
1 paampon. Paampunan.

PAGKOKONHUGA NG MGA BADYAN^G ''PArfW at "P4-

iJOO.V^'. = CONJUGATION OF THE VRRBS **/\4i2/TO".
AND ''PAROON'\
Parito.=To come here.
Paroon. = To go there.
 , . . .

—202-
AKTUNHIN
Nakar. [Past] . - . - Naparito. Came here.
Kasal. [Pres.J . - - - Naparirito, og na ^ Come or oomes here.
paparito.
Dar. [Fut ] - - Paririto, og papa- S^hall or will come
rito. here.
Pghar. [Imp. and Inf.] -Pari to. Come.
Badyaon [Verbal] - : Pagparito Coming, ,

PASUNHIN
AN {place, iikt place, person) ^ IKA (caiiMve, motive,)
Nakar. - t . . . . . Pinarituhan. Ikinapnrito,
Kasal. Pitjarirituhan. I kina paririto.
Dar Parfrituban Ikaparirito.
Pghar. ....... Parituhan. Ikaparito.

AKTUNHIN
Nakar. [Past] - - - - N^paroon. Went; have or ban
gone.
Kasal. [Pres] - - - - Napar6roon, og Go or goes.
i^apaparoon.
Dar. [Fut.] -' -^ . - - Pardroon, og pa- Shall or will go.
paroon
Pghar. [Imp. and' Inf |
Paroon Go.
BadyAon [Verbal' - -
Pagparoon. Going.

PASUNHIN
AN {place, like place, person). IKA {canse, rnofiVf}
Nakar. .-..-- Pinaroonan. Ikinaparoon.
Karal. " - . - . - - Pinaroroonrfn. I dnaparoroon.
Dar. Paroroonan I!. par6roon.
Pghar. ...--. Paroonan, 1 aparoon.

PAGKOKONGHUGA NG BADYAN'I PASUNIJINn^yM(5a

''PAPARITUHIN^^ AT PAPAMOONfN^ =;COiiJVGA^ '' .

Tl )N OF THE PAS^^IVE VERBS PAPAPL

TUIIW AND '\PAPAIiOO: !N'\

1 P^P^rituhin mo siya. — Order him to mie here; him

Sa ^
t(^ll

to conje li fe.
y
Magpa ! Paparoonin. Order him t( ; o there; tell him t(^
J go there.
 -203-

NaVar. [ Past 1
- - » Piiiaparito. Pinaparoon.
JCasal. I
Pres ]
~ - . - Pinaparfrito. Pinaparoroon.
Dar. [Fut ] - PaparirituhiiK og Paparoroonin, o^ pa-
PH])aparituhin. pjiparoonfn.
Pghar. [T'lip. and Inf ] -
PAparituhin.^ Paparoonln, og papa-
runin.

Pahalik - - ' To allow one's self to be kissed.

Pad'^ya, og pa ray a - " - To nllow oae'fl self to be deceived.
Pa<aa Kawit ka. Go to Kawit.
Pasa 3ak()0(] siya. Let ^'him go to Bakood.
Pas'i ilog tayo. Let us go to the river.
f^asa Mayriilll kayo. Go to Manila.
Pasa look si la. Let them go to the bay.
Pahesiis kn. Say the name of Jesus;
invoke .Jesus
Paoo ka,. ay yes.'
Paiihindt ka. Say *'no."
Pa ti hay a. (Jpsidedown, reversed.
Pataoh, Face downwards.
Pitindig. On foot.

ACTIVIC MAGIiA.
IJgaf (Hoof) ----- Salapi. = Money, some money
\Iagkasalapi,== To get money, to have money,

I iVit/caraan {f\ist) - - - Nagk sulapl. Got money.

3 '^K^imlak^t)/an (Present) Nagkakasalapi. Get or gets money.
^ I D'lratinq (Future) - - M gkakasalapi. Shall or Avill get
^ ^ Paaghardp (imp. and money.
I Tnf.)- -
"^'agkasalapi. Get m<mey.
B'ldyaoti (Vrrh hi) - - - - Pagkakasalapi. Getting money.

PASSIVE PAGKA
i. AN.
o Nakaraan (Past) • - - [pinagkasalapi. Pinagkasalapian.
^ ^ K'lsaluhiyan (Present) Ipinagkakasa Pinagkakasalaplan,
lapi.
1.
£ Darating ( luUv/re) - - 1 pagkakasalapi. Pagkdkasalaplan.
"^
^ Pangharap (Imp, and
Ipagkaealapi. Pagkasalaplan.
 '

— '^fM-
PAGKOKONGHLTCiA NG BADYANG '' MAG KAROO V NO
MABUT/NCr /^^//.^0". = CONJUGATION OF THE
VKRB '*A/AGKAROO.V NG MA/yU'I /NG
rALAI),''

Magkaroon ng mabuting palarl.=To have or get good luck;

to have succors.

AKTUNHIN
Nakar. [PastJ Nagkaroon ng mabuting palad.
- - - -

Kasal. LPres.J Nag-kakaroon ng mabuting palad.

- - - -

Dar. [Fut.] - - - . Magkakuroon ng mabuting palad..

Pgahar. [Imp. andInf.]-Magkuroon n| mabuting palnd.

Badyfton [Verbal] - - Pagkakaroon ng mabuting palad.

PASUNHIN
I (oause, niotiv). AN (place).
Nakar.-- Ipinagkaroon nij ma- Pinagkaroonan ng mabuting
buting palad. palad.
Kasal. - - Ipinagkakaroon ng Pinagkakaroonjin ng mabuting
mabuting palad. palad.
Dar. - - - fpagka'karoon ng ma- Pagkakaroonan ng mabuting
buting palad. palad.
Pghar. - - Ipagkaroon ng mabu- Pagkaroonan ng mabuting
ting palad. palad.

PAGKOKONGHUGA NG BADYANG ''MAGKASAKIT^-^

CON.JUG A TION OP THE VERB' 'MA GKASA KIT '

Magkasakit. =To fall ill; to get.siok, to get sickness.

Nikar. [Past] Nagkasukit.

- - - - Fell ill.
Kasal. [PresJ Nagkakasaldt.
- - - - Fall or fal In ill.
Dar. [Fut.] -----
Magkakasakit. Shall or will get si(;k
P^har. [Imp. and Inf ]-Magkaaakit Get sick.
Badydon [Verbal] - - Pagkakasaklt. Getting sick.

PASUNHIN
I (cause, moti'm). AN (place, person).
Nakar. - Ipinagkasakit. Pinagkasaktan, og pinagka.sakit4n.
Kasal. -- Ipinagkakasakit. Pinagkdkasaktan Oflrpinagkakasakitan.
Dar. - - - Ipagkakasakit. Pagkakasaktan, og pagkakasakitan.
Pghar. - - Ipagka.«akit. Pagkasaktan, o,i^ pagkasakitan.
 PAGKOKONGHUGA NG BADYANG ''MAGKA 7 IPO N^\ =
CONJUGATION OP THE VERB M AGKATIPON :' ''

Magkatipon.=To meet, to assemble.

AKTUNIHN
Nakai\ [Past] .... Nagkatipon. Assembled.
Kasal. LPres.J . - - . Nagkakatipon. Assemble
Dar. [Fut.l - - - - - Magkakatipon. Shall or will assemble.
Pghar, [Imp. and Inf J-Magkatipoii. Assemble.
Radyaon [Verbal] - - Pagkakatipon. Assembling.

ASUNHIN
1 {cause). AN {place J like place),

Nakar. - - Ipi nagkatipon. Pinagkatipunan.

Kasal. - - Ipinagkakaiipon. Pinagkakatipunan,
Dar. [pagkakatipon. Pagkakatipunan.
Pghar - - Ipagkatipon. Pagkatipunan.

Nangagkatipon ang mga akadem- The academicians assembled in

# vanhin sa **Ibtituto ng May- the ** Manila Institute.''
nilk."
Pinagkatipunan nihi ang Bahay- They assembled in the School-
PaaraUn. Houge.
Ano ang kanilang ipinagkatipon? What is the reason of their hav-

Bakit sila nangagkatipon? ing assembled? Why did they

assernbled?
Ipinagkatipon nila ang paghaha- They assembled for the election
lal sa mga galawad na biibuo of the members who will form

ng Sangganuin'g Tagapatnugot. the Board of Directors.

Nagkagutom ang ill. There was famine in the town.
Magkakagutom sa Inngsod, There will be famine in the city.
Nagkagul6 sa balen. There was tumult (or distur-
bance) in the municipality.
Magkalansaglansag. To be broken into small pieces.

Magkawalatwalat. To be destroyed entirely.

Magkahalohalo. To mix.

ACTIVE liAGING
(Jgat {Root) .-.--.. Halaman.^ Plant, vegetable.

Maging halaman. = To be changed into a plant.

 — 20H—
5 Nakaraan
Past) ( . Nagfng halarnan.
I ¥
Kasiilukuyan {Pvesent) . Nagiging halanian,
g
CI. Davating {Future) Vlagiging !)aljiman.
&-- /^anghardp {/mp and
Magiiig halamaiK
Hadya<m ( Varhal) ... Pagfging halanian

PASSIVPJ PAGING

Nakaraan ( Puit) . . Ipinaging halaniarr

Kas' till /city an ( Present) • [pi nagiging halarnan.
n<iratinR {Future) . . [pagiging halarnan.
Pangharap {Imp and
/ai/. ) . . , Ipaging halanian
r
IK A ic(fuse).
-^
Ikinapaginjj; halarnan.
Ikinapagiginf4 halanian.
Fkapagiging halanian.
Ikapaging hahinian
#

PAGKOKO^iGHUGA NG BADYANli 'MAGINGMAYAMiN''

^CONJUGATION OF THE VERB ''MAGI ^G MAYA^fAN,'
Maying mayanian.=lo becornf^ rich.

Af-^TUNHIN
Nakar. [Pastl - - - NTaging niayaman. Became rich
Kasal [ Pres |
• - - - Nagiging rnayaman. Hecomc or berome-
rich.

Dar, f^^U 1 Magiging^inayaman. Shall or will bHconic^

rich.

Pihar. (Imp. and Inf J-VIaging rnayaman. Become rich.

Badyaon ( Verhal |
- Pagiging rnayaman. Becoming rich

P SUN II IN
I {ciliise) IK A (cai/sp).

Nakar Ipinaging mayaman. ng mayaman

Iki na pagi

Kai-al. Ipina^igiru mayaman. Ikinapagiging mayaman.

Dar. Ipagiiiing mayaman. Ikapagiging mayaman
Pihar [paging mayaman. Ikapaging mayanjan.
 207—
PAGKOKONGHlIGx\ NG MGA BADYANG PASDNHIN^G 'V ^^
/'AG/KG DAP/ir/N]' AT ""I'^PAGING PARIIN'\^
(OiNMUGATlON OF THE PASSIVE VERBS ''PAPA
GISO DAP AT IN'' AND ''PApAQiAf;
PANllN'\
Sa \ Papaging d^patin ^iya
sa pagrnamahal.^^ Make him Worthy of steenj.
^ I'

J Papagiiig pariin, = To be ordained priest; ma^ehim priest

Nakai" [Past] . - ~ - Pinapa^ing dapat. Pinapagiug pari.

Kasal. [Prt\s.] ^ - - - Pinapagiging dapat, Pinapagigin^ pari.
Dar. fKut 1 Papagiging dapalin, Pap^giging pariiii.
P^har. Imp. and Inf.
f ]
Papagfng dapatin. Papaging pariin.
Naging pangido ang iyong kai- Your friend ha-^^ been a presi
ibigan. dent. Your friend was a pre-
sident
Aug aliln nio ay naging tamad. Your servant has turned out a
lazy fellow.
Nang inaging dalawang buwan. After two months.

ACTIVE MAG^I.
Vii(^{ (Root) - " Dating, Anival.

Dumating ==To e-ome, to arrive,

Magsirating ==Let many people come or arrive.

r Sakaraan (Past) - - - Nagsirating.

I g Kasalukuyan {Preeent)' Nagsisirating.
£ I Daraiing {Future) - - - - tMagsis-irating.
^ ^ ^ Pangharap {Imp. and
^ Inf.) - - Magsirating.
liadyaov {Verbal) Pagsisiratfng.

PASSIVE PAGSI.
1 {canse). AN {local).

Naknraa.n (Past) - -v. Ipinagsirati'ng. Pinagsiratingan, og

':
pinagsiratnan..
^ 1 Kasaluhuyan (Present)' - Ipinagsisira- Pinagsisiratingan. og
g ^ ting. pagsisiratnan.
^ p Daraiing (Future) - * - Ipagsisirating, Pagsiriratingan, Oif
**

^ pagsisiratnan.
Z ^ Panghardp (Imp. and
s h}f,) - - " Ipagsiruting. Pagsiratinfan, o/>i

pagsiratnan.
 —208—
PAGKOKONGHUGA NG BADYANfr* M AGS I P AGLA K HAY^\
-CONJUGATION OF THE VERB MAGSIPAGLAKBAY^' ''

Araglakbay.^To travel; lo make a journey or trip,

Magsipaglakbay. - r^t many people travel.
AKTUNHIS
Nakar. [Past] - Nagsipaglakbay.
- - -

Kasal. [Pres.] - - -
- Nagsisipaglakbay.
Dar. [Fut.] - - - - - Magsisipaglakbay.
Fghar. [Imp. and Inf ]-Magsipa^lakbay.
Ba<lyaon [Verbal] - - Pagsisipaglakbay-
-

FASUNH/N
IN (dUenninate object) AN (place).

Nakar. - - Pinagsif>aglakba;y. Pinagsipaglakbayan.

KasaL - - Pinagsisipaglakbay. PinagBiBipaglakbayan.
I)ar. --- Pagsisipaglakbayin. Pagsisipaglakbay an.
Pghar. - • Pageipaglakbayin. Pagsipaglakbayan.

PAGKOKONGHUGA BADYANQ M AGSIPANALANGIN'''

N(5 ''

-CONJUGATION OF THE VERB ''MAGSIPANALANGIN,''

Manalangin. ==^To pray.
Magsipanalangin. — Let the multitude pray.
AKFUNIHN
Nakar. (Past) - - - • Nagsipanalangin.
Kasal. (Pres.) - - - - Nagsisipanalangin.
Dar. (Fut.) - • - - - M tgsfsipanalangin. /
Pghar. (Imp. and Inf.)- Magsipanalangin.
Badyaon (Verbal) - - - Pagsisipanalangin.
PASUNH/N
I (cause or motive). AN (local or place).
Nakar. - - Ipinagsipanalangin. Pinagsipanalanginan.
Kasal. - - IpinagsisipanaJangin. Pinagrisipanalanginan.
Dar. - - - IpagslsipO'Ualaiigin. PagsisipHnalanginan.
Pghar. - - Ipagsipanalangin. Pagsipanalanginan.

PAKOKONGIIUGA NG BADYANG ''MAGSIPAGGALAK'\-^

(.^O^^.IUGVTrONf OF THE VERB MAGSIPAOG ALAK^' ''

Maggalak, magsaya. -To rejoice, to congratulate.

Magsipaggalak, magsipagsaya.=Let many people rejoice
or congratulate.
 —209—
AKI IINH/N
Nakar. (Past) - ^ - - NagsipaggaUk. Nagsipagsaya.
Kisal. (Pres.) - - - - Nagsiaipaggalak. Nagsisipagsaya
Dir. (Fut.) - - - - - Magsisipaggalak Masisipaggaya.
PghaY. (Imp. and Inf )- Magsipaggalak. Magsipagsaya.
Badyaon (Verbal) - - - Pagsisipaggalak PagsiaipHg.^aya

PASUNHiN
I (cftwse).

Nakar. - -
Ipinagpipaggalak. Ipi naggipagsaya.
Kasal, - . Ipinagsfsipaggalak. Ipi nagsfsipagsaya.
Dar, - - •
Ipagsisipaggalak. Ipagsisipagsaya.
Pghar. . . Ipagsipaggalak. Ipagsipagsaya.

AN {place),

Pinagsipaggalakan Pinagsipagsay ahan

Pinagsisipaggalakaii. Pinagsisipagsuyahan. „

Pagsisipaggalakan. Pagsisipagsayahaa.
Pagsipajjgalakan. Pagsipagsayahan

ACTIVE MAGSA.
Ugdt {Root) - . - - - Amerikaiio, amerikanhin.== American.
Magsaamerikano, niagsaamerikanhin. -
To behave like

an Anierican; to conduct one\s self like

an American
Ugdt (Root) - - Hapon, hApunmin,=Japanese.
Magsahapon, magsahapunmin =To act like Japanese.

I
Nakaraan {Past) .... Nagsaamerikano.
Kdsaliikuyan {Present) . . Nagsasaamerikano.
J ^
t
I
Darating {/^nttive) ... - Magsasaamerikano.
"Z Pcinghamp{/mp. and
7^- /^^/.) - ^ - Magsaamerikano.
Badyaon (Verbal) Pagsasaamerikano
Nagsahapori.
Nagaasahapon.
Magsasahapdn.
Maggahapdn.
 .

—210 —
PASSIVE PAGSA.
IN (deJerminate object).
Nakavaan Past) - - - - Pinagsaameri- Pinagsahapon.
c ^ kano.
-^ Kasalukuyan {Pvesent) . . FMiingsasa- Pinagsasahapon.
- J amerikano.
Z I
Davating {Future) . - . Pagsasaanie- Pagsasahapunin.
t likanuhin.
^^ Fanghayap {Imp and
^ ^^^f^) - - Pagsaimeri- Pagsahapunfn.
kanuhin,
I (cause).

Ipinagsaainerikano, Ipinagsaliapon.
Ipinagsaaaanierikano. Ipinagsasahapon.
Ipagsasaanierikano. Ipagsasahapon.
Ipagsaamerikano. Ipagsahapon.
AN (place).

Pinagsaamerikanuhan. Pinagsahapunaii-
Pinagsasaamerikanuhan Pinagsasahapunan.
Pagsasaamerikanuhan. Pagsasahapunan.
Pagsaamerikanuhan. Pagsahapunan.

PAGKOKONGHUGA NG BADYANG ''MAGSAP1LIPIN0'\

CONJUGATION OF THE VERB ^WlAGSAPILIPINO:'
Magsapi]ipino. = To conduct one's self, or to behave,
like a Filipino.

A KTUNllIN
Nakar. [Past.] - - Nagsapiiipino.
- -

Kasal. [Pres.l - - - Nagsasapilipino. .

Dar. [Fut*] - ~ - - - Magsasapilipino.

Pghar. [Imp and InfJ-Magsapilipino.
Bady^on [V^erbal] - - Pagsasapilipino.
PASUNUIN
IN {detennmaie chject) I (cause).
Nakar. - - Pioagsapilipino. Ipinagsapilipino,
Kasal. - - Pinagsasapilipino.. Ipinagsasapilipino.
Dar. - - - Fagsasapilipinuhin. Ipagsasapilipino.
Pghar. - - Pagsapilipinuhiii. Ipagsapilipino
 —211 —
AN (place).

Pinagsapilipinuh'iii.
Pin^gsasapilipinuhan.
Pagsasapilipinuhan.
Pagsapilipinuhan.
Sumapilipino, sapilipinuhin; To Filipinize; to make Philip-
mag?»apilipino. pine, to be Philippinized.
Maj!8Rpilipino. To adopt the customs and man-
ners of the Filipinos.
Sumatagalog, magj^atng;ilog. To Tagalize.
Mga salitang kastila na sinata- Spanish words which are Thga-
galog. lized.
Mga salitfmg giryego na sinapili- Greek words which are Fili-
pino, pinized.

XXIX
Fngk()koaghug('^ sa parnamagitan CovjuSatwn by the verbal parti'
ng mga tipUc badyaon^g mang^ clesmanghly magpaka, mag'^
hi, magpaka, tnagpaH, mag- pati, magkang, and magka-
kang at magkapa, sa mga tmig pa, in the active and passive
aktunhin at pasunJtin, voices.

ACTIVE MANGHI.
Ui^at (Root) . - . - Kuko. -Nail, nails.

Maniihinguk6=To cut or clean one's nails.

Ugat (Hoot) - - - Tutuli. = Wax of the ear.^
-

=
Manghinuli. To clean one's ears hy removing the wax.

I
Nakaraan (Past) - - - - Nangliinguko. Nanghinuli.
%j A^asalukuyan (Pres,) . - Nanghihingukd. Nanghihinuli.
I Daraiing {Fut ) - - . . ManghihingukcS. Manghfhinuli.
I
^^Panghardp {Imp and
^ ^^f.) ' ' - Manghinguko. Manghinuli.
Badyaon {Verbal)- . - . . Panghihinguko. Panghihinuh\
PASSIVE PAGNHI
I.

g Nakaraan {Past) - - - - Ipinanghinguko.

1 « KaBalukuVan (Pres.) - - Ipinanghihinguko.
2 g Dafating {Fat.) - . - - Ipanghihinguko.
ifi
^ fe
rjQ Panghardp (imp, and
« Inf) - - - Ipanghinguko.
 -212—
AN.
Pinanghingukuhan.
Pinaghihingukuhan.
Panghihingukuhiln
Panghingukuhan.
I. AN.
Ipinarighinuli. Pinangliinulihan.
Ipinanghihinuli. Pinanghihinulihan.
Ipauffhihinulf. Panghihiniilihan.
IpanghiniiH. Pinanjhinulihan.

FaGKOKONHUGA NG BADYANG '\MANaHItfALAy'\=CO^^

JUGATION OF THK VERB ''MAN6HIMALA Y\
Manghimalay. ~- To glean pal ay
AKTUiVH/N
Nakar, [Past] - . - . Nanghirnalay.
Kasal. iPrea.] - -- - Nanghihinialay,
Dar. [Fut ] - * - -- Manghihimalay.
Pghar. [Imp. and Inf.]- Manghimalay.
Bady&on. fVerbal] - - Panghihimalay.
J'ASUNHIN
L AN. IN.
Nakar.-' Ipinanghimalay. Pinanghimalayftn, Pinangliitnalay
Kasal.- -IpinanghfhioiaJay. Pinanghihimalayan. Pinanghihimalay
Dar. Ipanghibimftlay. Pang:hihimalayan. Panghlhimalayin.
Pghar,- -Ipanghimalay. Pan^himalayan. Panghinaalayih.
Nanghihinabas si Pedro. Peter gathers remaining pieces.
Nangfiihinayang akd kay Silbestre. I pity Silvestre-
Pinanghihinayangan ninyo siya. *
You pity him.
Manghimuti ka. Glean fruits.
Manghiaupang kayo. Encourage yourselves.
Maghinapang kayo Animate or encourage yourself.
Manghilamos siya, Let him wash hip face.
Humilamos ka sa kaniya. Wash his face.
Hilamusan mo siya. Wa?h his face.
Makihinakj^y ka. Embark.
ACTIVE MAGPAKA
Ugat {Root) Pilit. -Force,
 —213—
Magp.ikapilit. =To make efforts; to exert one's self.

c Nakaraan (Past) - - - - Nagpakapilit.

1 8 Kasalukuyan (Present)' - Nagpapakapilit.
S
g Darating {Future) - - - Magpapakapilit,
^ t Panghikrap {Imp. and
I Inf.) - - - Magpakapilit.
Badyaon {V$rbal) Pagpapakapilit.
PASSIVE PAGPAKA.
IN. AN.
Nakaram (Past) - - - Pinagpakapilil. Pinagpakapilitan.
Kasalukityan [Present - PinagpapakA Piuagpapakapilitan.
pilit.
S DaratinfT (Futuye) . - - Pagpapakapi- Pagpapakapilitai).
litin.

J
Panghiirap {Imp and
Inj ) . - Pagpakapilitin Pagpakapilitan.

I.

Ipinagpakapilit.
Ipinagpapakapilit
Ipagpapakapilit/
Ipagyakapilit.
PASSIVE PAKA.
IN. AN.
Nakaraan {rust) . . . Pinakapilit. Pinakapilitan.
^ kamlukuyan {Pres ) Pinakapipilit. Pinakapfpilitan.
Darating {IM.) . . .
Pakapipilitin. Pakaplpilitan.
I
^ Pangharap {Imp. and
Inf.) . Pakapilitin. Pakapilitan.

I.

Ipinakapilit.
Ipinakapipilit.
Ipakapf pilit.
Ipakapilit.

PAGKOKONGHIJGA NG BADYANG MaQPAKABAIT\^

''

CONJUGATION OP THE VERB ''MAQP ARAB AIT.''

MagpakabaU' = To behav« very judiciously
ARTUNHIN
Nakar. [Past] - Nagpakabait.
KaBal. [Pres.] - Nagpapakabait.
 —214—
Dar, [Put ] Magpapakabaft
Pghar. [Imp and InfJ-Magbakabnit.
Badyaon [Verbal] - - Pagp pakctbait
PASUNH/N
I {cause), AN (place^ like place, person.)

Nakar. - - Ipinagpakab.iifc. Pinagpakabait^ill. ^

Kaeal. - - [pinagpapakabaft. Pinagpapakfii)aitan,
Dar. - - - Ipagpapakabait Pagpapakabaitan.
P^har. - - Ipagpakabait. Pa^pakabaitan,

PAGKOKONQHU&A NG M^A UADYANG MAQPAKAA UAV ''

''
''MAQPAKiPAO'AUAU' AT MaGPAKAPANG ARAi:\
-CONJlTGAriON-OF PHK VP]RB ''MiGPAfCAARA//'
\[IAGPl!{iPiGAftir/\ KSD ''MiGPA^
KAPANGARAV\
Urnaral ='ro t«acb, to instruct.
i\[agpakaara1. To teach very much, =
Mag-ar^l. T() study. = ^

Magpakapag aral. ^-To vStudy very much, to j^tudy vory w(4i.

MangarAK= To preach
MaLTpakapangaral. ~To preach v^ry much.

AK7VNH/N
Nakar [Past] .... >fagpakairal. Nagpakapag-aral.
Kami, Pres 1
[ .... Nagpapakaaral. >Jagpiipakapag-aral.
Dar. [Fut.] . . . . . iMagpapakaaral IMagpapakapag-aral.
Pghar [Imp. and Inf.J-Magpakaara.!, M^^^pakapag aral.
Badyaon [Verbal] Pagpapakaaral, . . . Pagpapak'tpng-aral.
Na gpakapanga ral
Nagpapakapangnral.
Magpapakapan aral.
M ngpakapanga ml.
Pa gpapakapangaral

rASUNHIN
AN {person). AN {the thing to be studied),

Nakar.-- Pinakaaralan. Pinakapag-aralan.

Kasal. - -
Pinakaaaralan. Pinakapag-aaralan.
Dar. - . - Pakaaaralau Pakapag aaralan.
Pghar. - -
Pakaaralan. Pakapag a ralan.
 . . . )

—215-
J ( he tiling to he taught). 1 (cause).
Ipinakaaral. Ipinakapag-araL
Iplnakaaaral. Ipinakapag-aaral.
Ipakaaaral. Ipakapbg-aaral.
Ipakaaral. Ipakapag-aral.
AN (person to ichom). I (the thing to be preach e(
Pinakapangaralan Ipinakapahgaral.
Pinakapangangaralan. IpinakapangangaraL
Pakapanga ngaralan. Ipakapangangaral
Pakapangaralan '
Ipakapangaral.
Mrtgpakatiis kayo. Suffer voluntaiily.
Fagpakasipagan nio ang iyong ha Be very diligent in your busi-
napbuhay. ness.
Pakaisip-isipin mo ang akin'g si- Meditate wliat I say (or tell) to
nasabi j^a iyo. you.
Huwat? kang inagpakamatay. Do not kill yourself.
Magpakarahan kayo. Go very slowly.
Ang mga makatarungan ay ma- The just will attain salvation.
papakagaling-
Ang mga inakasalanan'g hindi The sinners who have not truly
nangagsising totoo, ay mapa- repented will be condemned.
pakasaniA,
Pinakasisinta ko ang akin'g tinu- I love my native-country very
buanglup^l. much,
Pinakamamah^l ko ang akin'g I esteem my friends very much.
mga kaibigan.
Pakagunamgunamin mo ang ma- Meditate upon the holy pasion
hal na pa:?yon ng Mananakop. of the Redeemer.
ACTIVE MAGPATI.
Ugdl (Root) .... Luh6d.= Kneel.
Magpatiluh6d. = To kneel speedily or {ill at once; to kneel
suddenly.

g^ Sakaraan (Past) . . Nagpatiluhod

I i Kasaluhuyan [Pres,) . Nagpapatiluhod.
cS 1 Darating (Fat ) . , . Magpapatiluhod.
c! ":. Panghardp (Imp, and
Inf.)
., , . . Magpatiluhod.
Badyaoa (Verbal) Pagpapatiluhod.
 —216—
PASSIVP] PAGPATI.
IKA.
§ Nakaraan (Past) ... Ikinapagpatiluhod.
tiKasalxikuyan(Prrs.) Ikinapagpapatiluhod. . .

t,i Darafing (Fut,) . . . , Ikapagpapatiluhod.

I
j^£ Panghar^'P {Imp. and
^"
lnf\) .... Ikapagpatiluhoci.

AN.
*

Pinagpatiluliuran.
Pinagpapatiluhuran.
Pagpapatiluhnifin.
Pagpatiluhuran.

''
PAGKOKONGHUGA BADYANG MAgPATIUPO'\-==0O^^
N(l
.JUQATION OF THE VERB MAQPATIUPO.'' ''

Magpatiupo. -To sit down speedily or suddenly,

AKTIJNHIN
Nakar. (Past) ....
Nagpatiupd
Kasal. (Pres.) Nagpdpatiupd.
. . . .

Dar. (Fut.) Magp^patiupd.

Pghar. (Imp. and Inf.) Magpatiupo.
BadyAon (Verbal Pagpapatiupd. . . .

PASUiVHIN .

IKA. AN.
Nakar. , . Ikinftpagpatiup6. PiuagpatiupAan.
Kaflial. . . Ikinapagpapatiupo. Pinagpapatiupiian.
DiAr. . . . Ikapagpapatiup6. PagpapatiupAan
Piihar. . . Ikapagpatiupo. Pagpatiupiian.

Nagpatihulog siya sa billon. He tlirevf himself with impt^

tuosity into ttio well.
Mapatihigd, mapahigA. To lie down iiivoluntarily.
Mapatihulog. To fall involuntarily.
Sila'y riapatirapi, naparapA sila. They prostrated themselves in-
voluntarily.
 .

-217—
ACriVE MAGKANO.
IJgat {Root) .... Iyak.=Wcep, cry.

.Magkan{5;-iiyak.=To cry involuntarily; to W(vp involuntarily.

I
Nakaraan (Past) . . . Nagkaug-iiyak.
1 g A««'t^t/.4:wi/an (Pre*t.) . . Nagkakang-iiyak.
2 I Diratinff (Fat ) . . . . Magkakang-iiyak.
« fcl Fiinyhar'ip {Imp "ikI
^' III/.) . . . Mangkang iiyak.
Badi/aon, { Verbal,) Pagkakang-iiyak.

PASSIVE PAQKANG.
1.

INa^araan (Piisl) .... Ipinagkang- iiyak.

tlK-ifiilukuyan (Pies ) Ipinagkakang iiyak. . .

i I Daraling {Fat.) .... Ipagkakang-iiyak.

f,'Z Pangharap {Imp. and
^- -

,
Inf.) . . . Ipagkang-iiyak.

AN.
Pinagkangiiyakan.
Pinagkakang iiyakan.
Pagkakangriiyakan.
Pagkang-iiyakan

PAGKOKNGHUiiA NG BADYaNG " .tlAGKANGPAPAWlS'\=

Conjugation of the verb "magkanopapawis.'' •

Magkangpapawis=To perspire because of fright or

shame, etc.

A KTUNHIN
Nakar. (Past) Nagkangpapawis,
. . ...
Kasal. U'res. ) ....
Nagkakangpapawis.
Uar. rFut. ) MagkakangpapawLs.
Pghar. (Imp. and Inf.)-Mangkangpapawis.
BadyAon (Verbal) Pagkakangpapawis.
. .

PA SUM! IN
I. AN.
Nakar. . . Ipinagkangpapawis. Pinagkangpapawisan.
KawHl. . . Ipinagkfikangpapawis. Pinagkakangpapawisan.
Dar. . . . Ipagkakangpapawis. Pagkakangpapawisan.
Pghar. . . Ipagkangpapawis. Pagkangpapawisan.
 —218 —
ACriVR MAOKAOA.
IJgat {Root) .... N^isi.^F.aiuh.

Mai^kapari'ViJ^i =To re;niin iaogliiti^, showing

the teeth.

f Nakarmm (Pdst) NapkaranAiBi.

I * Kasalukuyarf. (Prv^s^) . ^ Na^kapapangisi.
Ig f)arafmp (Ffit.) . . MaL^^kapapangisi.
rj ^ /^avgh(n'(if> {frnp. ny)d
^ Inf,) . • • M^gkapangisi.
B(fdf/aon (Verhnl) . . . , . PagkapapanAisi.

PASSIVE PAGKAPA.
I. AN.
Nakar. . . Ipinagkapangisi. IMnagkapangisihan.
Kasal. . . rpin^gkapapangifti. PinagkapapancisihHn. iy^

Dar. . . . Ipagkap ipangisi, Pagkapapan^i.^ihan.

Pghar, . . Ipagkapan^isi. Pagkaparigisjhaii. J^

^.

PAGKOKONGHUGA NG FlADYANli '\hAGKAPANOANGA,''f-

CONJUGATION OF THE VERB '\M AGKAPANAGNG A'' '

Magkapanganga.=T<> r^inain with one's moutli open.

AKTUNHIN
'- Nakar. (Past) .... Nagkapanganga.
Kasal (Pres.) Nagkapapanganga.
Dar. (Fut ) VfH^k^jpapanganga.
Piihar. ([mp. and [nf.)-Magkapanganga..
BadyAon (Verhal.) PagkapapanOanga'.
. .

PASUNHIM
I. AN.
Nakar, . . rpinagkapang-uiga. PinagknpangangahaM.
Kasal. . . Ipinagkapapangani/a. Pinagkapapangangahan.
Dar. . . . IpagkapapanginUa Pagkapapan^angahan.
P&har. . . IpagkapangrmSa. Pagkapan^angahan.
 1 . ;

MGA KAMALIAN *»

ERRATA (')
'h yV*.'***

Bri.vhon Talutil Nasusufat Daf^\t Sulatin

liiiKi WltlTTKN It Should Be Wkittkn

:i:*> Hyphen ( ). Hyphen ( ).

o u Parenthesis ). Parenthesis ( )
7 4-5 Kindled exhalation in Shooting star.
Bky.
8 29 dirih, dirt,
U) 1 Candidateship Cindidacy
1« 12 Horse- troops. Cavalry
2:^ 16 Inner shirt. Inner skirt.
80 ;n heallhness. healthless.
to t Strain; Sprain
45 9 Hivine divine
ol 4 kaia-fumikan katahimikan
^^, 5H 1 head heed
59 Mjnuinulta, M^nunulat,
H^N,'

\,;A
, ,.

V
':,
60
70
8
1

l.s
:\ .

Detin»-
TaUing.
Definer.
Talker.
) 71) 29 i^unnon vangobilang, sugnong panabilang,
'•.,,

^2 24 ikatalongpil. ikatatlongpA,
\- '
';
..^HH 9 It it hall* past one. It is half past one.
9a 33 rl/>^rl^.-l.Dini sa, Ablat Dito sa.
94 26 LIGAMEMTS. LIGAMENTS,
10 14 ordaian ordain
10.S 18 absove, absolve,
1
}
\
•

111 10 To able To be able

119 10 To thrown, To throw,
in» 26 To conjeture To conjecture
126 1 to lav to lay
127 10 be come become
145 6 reduce, reduce,
147 19 niagtagpilan TwatagpAdn
147 .•;8
quite quiet
151 37 reffer refer
155 I ipapag-unawa,, ipagpaunavA
155 82 mag-usap mag-usap
157 18 comprehende comprehend
157 26 som. some

i"^) Yaon lamang malalaklng malt ng limbagan.

Only the serious mistakes in printing.
 MGA KAMALIAN
161 16 Inmediat«^ly. Immediately.
164 2 opposicion opposition
166 80 cares. caress
170 20 sijmuBualt. Bumusulat.
170 32 umibfig umiibig
172 32 bopy-book? copy-book?
172 32 properly? properties?
173 12 {En- OG OR
iflish sec-
tion) .

180 19 iiag-aral Nag aaral

182 27 throw
fcihe it She threw it
184 4 Paglabna Paglaban
185 19 To feign, to be sick. To feign to be sick.
185 26 To boast, to be wi^^e. To boast to be wise.
190 16 Pmangha, Pinanguha
-idcr~ - 17 Pingiinguha. Pinangiinguha
190 13 Pangunguna Pangnnguha
191 12 •'MANGARAD" •'MAKGAKAD"
192 32 Naniniwla NanfniwaR
192 37 write on it. write in it.

193 14 Magagwan. Magrtgawan.

198 16 '
*\viakakagawa.'' ^•MAbCAPAGGAWA.''
196 25 It has been writtiui. It had been written.
198 14 mane name
198 12 Pasulatan. Pasulatan.
199 17 Towards the went. towards the west.
199 24-25 Pagkapakulunuran. Pagkapakalunviran.
200 1 Naklkipamill. Nakipamili.
205 !23 assembled? assemble?
207 84 pagsisiratnan. pinagsisiratnan.
207 35 F^agsiriratingan, Pagsfsiratingan
211 32 PA(iNHI. PANG HI.