zurab kiknaZe

ilia WavWavaZis simboluri azrovnebisTvis

(myinvari da Tergi)

ilia WavWavaZis SemoqmedebaSi, mis poetur azrovnebaSi _ `yvarlis

mTebidan~ (1857) dawyebuli, ukanaskneli poemiT `gandegiliT~ (1883)
damTavrebuli da maT Soris moqceuli `mgzavris werilebiT~ (1863-1871)
da `aCrdiliT~ (1859-1872) _ mTas konceptualuri mniSvneloba eniWeba.
sityva `mTa~ am TxzulebaTa sakvanZo sityvaa. magram zerele
gadakiTxviTac Cans, rom avtoris damokidebuleba mTisadmi, romelic
esoden organulia saqarTvelos lanSaftisTvis, ar aris erTgvarovani,
SeiZleba iTqvas, winaaRmdegobrivic ki aris. damokidebuleba meryeobs
misiT aRfrTovanebidan mis principul miuReblobamde.
poetis pirvelive leqsi _ `yvarlis mTebs~ programulia, romelmac
gamoxata poetis gardatexis momenti, erTgvari `gadasvlis rituali~. am
gardatexis, pirovnuli mowifulobis dadgomis periodis niSania es
teqsti. es aris gamoTxoveba warsulTan mis sulier cxovrebaSi axali
periodis dasawyisis molodiniT. mTebis saxiT igi emSvidobeba
erTdroulad Tavis yrmobas (`ymawvil yrmobas~), mSobliur qveyanas
(`samSoblo mTebo!~) da megobrebs, romelTac dabrunebisas iseTebs veRar
ixilavs, rogorebsac gamoeTxova. yrmobis gaucnobierebeli
damokidebuleba mTebisadmi, romlebic iwvevdnen masSi bundovan
grZnobebs, ucxoeTSi wasvlis win gacnobierebelia.

maxsovs, yrma viyav, Zlivs mosuli gons da cnobasa,

ros sidiade Tqveni mgvrida kankals, JrJolasa...
igi ar iyo SiSis JrJola, SiSis kankali,
. . . . .
me TrTolviT vsWvretdi laJvard cazed Tqvensa simaRles
da Sevnatrodi ymawvilurad Tqvens zemo mxares...

erTi mxriv, ontologia _ sidiade, simaRle da zemo mxare, meore mxriv,

maTi arsebobiT gamowveuli JrJola, kankali, TrTolva _ mowmobs, rom aq
yrma axali sinamdvilis aRmoCenis winaSea, rom es mTa, romelic guSin da
guSinwin iyo Cveulebrivi mTa, avlens Tavs rogorc TiTqmis religiuri
fenomeni. am aRniSvnam, rom `igi ar iyo SiSis JrJola~, gaamxila SiSis
Tavdapirveli monawileoba am gancdaSi, magram SiSi _ sakraluris
aRmoCenis pirveli safexuri _ TiTqos daZleulia, Tumca rCeba raRac
daZabuloba am sidiadisa da simaRlis winaSe. es miuwvdomloba,
transcendentuloba, romelsac mxolod Sehnatris, magram ver wvdeba,
asazrdoebs kvlav SiSis gancdas, saidanac iwyeba religia da, kerZod, am
avtoris sulier biografiaSi, mamulis religia. es calke Temaa.
`gadasvlis rituali~ pirdapiri mniSvnelobiT sruldeba: adamiani
stovebs mSobliur mTebs da ucxoeTis barSi, velebSi gadadis,
gadalaxavs zRubls, SeiZleba iTqvas, gamoucnobi momavlisken.
`gadasvlis ritualis~ meore etapi ukan mobrunebisas aseve pirdapiri
mniSvnelobiT xorcieldeba: realuri Tergis gadmolaxviT igi sxvebTan
erTad simbolur `Tergdaleulad~ ibadeba. amgvari Tergis siyvaruli
TiTqos agrilebs mis gulSi Zvel siyvaruls mTisadmi, `yvarlis mTebSi~
gamoxatuls. is mTa, romelic aqeTa zRurblTan daxvda, arafriT hgavs

1
mTas, romelsac gamoeTxova. axali mTis xati monumentur simbolod
aRimarTa mis winaSe.
axali gardatexis etapze, roca ganvlilia ucxoeTSi mamulis
religiis inkubaciuri periodi, adamiani kvlav aRmoCndeba mTis, rogorc
zRurblis, winaSe. qveynidan gasvlisas Tavis aRmoCenil mTebs eTxoveba,
Semosvlisas kvlav mTa egebeba, da axal gancdebs iwvevs masSi. mTa axal
ganzomilebebSi aRiqmeba. am mTas igi SenobiT ar mimarTavs, radgan pasuxs
ar elis misgan. mTa misTvis Sen aRar aris, is igia (martin buberis Es).

`myinvari!.. didebulia, myudro da mSvidobiani, magram civia da

TeTri. danaxva misi makvirvebs da ar maRelvebs, maciebs da ar maTbobs, _
erTi sityviT, myinvaria. myinvari mTelis Tavis didebulebiT sakvirvelia
da ara Sesayvarebeli. aba, rad minda misi dideba? qveynis yayani, qveynis
qariSxali, qrolva, qveynis av-kargi mis maRals Sublzed erT ZarRvsac ar
aatokebs. Ziri Tumca dedamiwazed udga, Tavi ki cas miubjenia, ganze
gamdgara, miukarebelia. ar miyvars magisTana simaRle, arc magisTana ganze
gadgoma...~

albaT ar aris SemTxveviTi, rom aseTi xedva ara leqsiT, rogorc

adre miuZRvna Tavisi yrmobis mTas, aramed proziT aris gadmocemuli.
yrmobis Jamindel kankals, JrJolas, romelic amxelda avtoris
religiurobas an mis sawyis fazas, romantiulad Seferils, aq cvlis
ganyenebuli Tvali, xedva garedan. damkvirvebeli aSkarad gaucxoebulia
misgan. misi gaucxoeba mTis saxezea aRbeWdili. Tumca myinvari aRwerilia
iseTad, rogoric unda iyos. giyvars Tu giyvars _ is realobaa, misi
arseboba aucilebelia, mis gareSe sayvareli Tergic dakargavda Tavis
sazriss.

SeniSvna. `aba, rad minda me misi dideba?~ _ es sityvebi, SesaZloa,

TviTironiuladac JRerdes (an ritorikuli iyos, ix. qvemoT). yovel SemTxvevaSi,
`qveynis yayani~ rom misTvis Rirebulebis mwvervali ar unda yofiliyo
aqsiologiis kibeze, es leqsic mowmobs, romelic mis peterburgul epoqaSia
dawerili (CrdiloeTis RameSi samxreTis Rameze ocnebisas):

`roca yayani qveyanisa srulad miwydeba

da aRar ismis borotebis xma mosawyeni,
ros mZinars sofels kamara cis zed gardeSleba, _
samxreTis Ramev, maSin miyvars yureba Seni~

didebuli, sakvirveli, ganze gamdgari, miukarebeli _ es is

sityvebia, romlebic rudolf otos da sxvaTa (n. sederblomi, m. eliade...)
gamokvlevebis Semdeg qrestomaTiuli gaxda wmidis, sakraluris
kategoriis dasaxasiaTeblad, romelic yvelaze reliefurad Zveli
aRTqmis wignebSi gamovlinda. Tumca Cveni mwerali amas ar isaxavda
miznad, magram vxedavT, rom sruli adekvaturobiT gamoxata swored am
sityvebis meSveobiT. mas ar gamouyenebia Tavad sityva-cneba `wmida~,
romelic mis Tanamedrove enaSi ukve zneobrivi da fizikuri sispetake-
sisufTavis konotacias atarebda, es ki wmidis kategoriisTvis mxolod
Tanmxlebi niSania da ara arsebiT-imanenturi. TiToeuls
zemoTCamoTvlil sityvaTagan Tavisi semantikuri istoria aqvs, romelic
enis maxsovrobaSi, vfiqrob, waruSlelad inaxeba.

2
 a) myinvari didebulia. aseTivea igi `aCrdilSic~: `igiv didebul da
dadumebul~.
swored am didebulebiT aris myinvari sakvirveli. am sityva-cnebas,
romelic bibliuri enidan modis, araviTari kavSiri didTan, fizikur
sididesTan, ara aqvs. dideb-ul modis sityva-cnebidan dideba, romlis
ebrauli Sesatyvisi qabod Zveli aRTqmis dedanSi RvTiuri manifestaciis
niSania. laTinuri gloria ucvlelad, Tavisi forma-SinaarsiT gadmodis
evropul enebSi. gloria-dideba mxolod RmerTs da masTan naziareb
arsebebs, sagnebs, movlenebs axasiaTebs, _ iseT realobebs, romelTac
aqvT dafaruli siRrme, ukana mxare. amitomac mosavs myinvars dideba,
rogorc RvTiuri realobis gamovlenas, misi myofobis manifestacias.
magram sekularuli saukune ar saWiroebda im realobas, romelic amgvari
didebis niSniT aris aRbeWdili. araferia miRmieri, rac SeiZleba
dafaruli iyos, yvelaferi erT sibrtezea mocemuli, anu saxezea
(zedapirze) rogorc amboben. da mainc didebas poetma sxva sferoSi
miuCina adgili.
es pretenziac `aba, rad minda misi dideba?~ dawunebis kiloTi
warmoTqmuli, epoqalur simarTles acxadebs.

SeniSvna. ZvelaRTqmiseuli qabodi mistikuri kategoriaa, magram mas aqvs

nivTieri gamoxatuleba, romlis xilva yvelasTvis misawvdomia: es aris Camavali
mzis kaSkaSi RrubelSi, romelsac gamlRvali vercxlis saxe aqvs. es aris
uxilavi mzis manifestacia im saxiT, rom SesaZlebeli iyos misi aRqma adamianis
TvalisTvis. Cven vxedavT ara mzes, aramed mzis refleqss RrubelSi. Cven
vxedavT myinvars, romelic sxva, miRmieri realobis miwieri xatia. es aris
dideba.

b) myinvari sakvirvelia. es rTuli semantikis sityvaa, romelic,

SesaZloa, damoukideblad misi `avtoris~ ganzraxvisa, myinvaris bunebas,
ufro sworad, misi xilvisgan gamowveul STabeWdilebas (mis anabeWds
adamianze), aaSkaravebs. Tu dRevandeli Cveulebrivi azriT gavigebT am
sityvas, gaugebaria, ra unda yofiliyo sakvirveli myinvarSi?
mcire wiaRsvla sityvis semantikaSi.
ar SeiZleba, SemCneuli ar yofiliyo, magram, ramdenadac vici, am
sityvis (sakvirveli) mniSvnelobis evolucia sagangebo yuradRebis sagani
ar gamxdara. aq vawydebiT enis sekularizaciis SemTxvevas, anu rogor
eqvemdebareba ena desakralizaciis process an rogor asaxavs
desakralizaciis faqts, roca ukve momxdaria. amis uamravi magaliTia
axal qarTulSi, romelic sekularul XIX saukuneSi iRebs saTaves. erT-
erTi maTgania kvir- Zirisgan nawarmoebi zmnuri da saxeladi formebi.
axali aRTqmis Zvel TargmanebSi sityvebi gankvirveba-dakvirveba
gadmocems dedniseul ekstasis (yvelgan Svidsave SemTxvevaSi):

`da ganukvirdeboda maT gankvirvebiTa didiTa friad~ (mr. 5:42);

`...iyo mas zeda gankvirvebaÁ~ (saqme, 10:10);
`vixile gankvirvebasa Cemsa CvenebaÁ~ (saqme, 11:5);
`xolo iyo moqcevasa Cemsa ierusalems da locvasa Cemsa taZarsa Sina, viyav
gankvirvebasa Sina da vixile ufali~ (saqme, 22:17-18);
`da gankvirvebaman Seipyrna igini yovelni da adidebdes RmerTsa, da SiSi daeca
maT zeda~ (l. 5:26);
`da aRivsnes igini SiSiTa da sakvirvelebiTa~ (saqme, 3:10);
`SeZrwunebul iyvnes da dakvirvebul~ (mr. 16:8).

3
 rogorc es ori ukanaskneli muxli mowmobs, eqstasiss
(`gankvirveba~, `sakvirveleba~) axlavs SiSi da Zrwola; eqstasisSi myofi
(`dakvirvebuli~) SiSis mdgomareobaSia. magram es ar aris panikuri SiSi,
aramed imgvari SiSi, romelsac sakralurTan Sexeba iwvevs. mas Tavis
saxeli aqvs: Mysterium tremendum. sakraluri Tavis Tavs acxadebs
sakvirvelisa da saSiSis _ principulad gamoucnobi saidumlos saxiT.
es ki religiis, saRvTo mowiwebis dasabamia. amitom mTeli fraza
cnobili pasaJidan `da SeeSina da Tqva: viTar saSinel ars adgili ese!~
(dab. 28:17) SeiZleba iTargmos asec: `da gaukvirda da Tqva: ra
sakvirvelia es adgili~. dedniseuli nora’ moicavs `saSinelis~ da
`sakvirvelis~ mniSvnelobebs erTdroulad (ara mxolod konteqstebis
mixedviT), ufro zustad, gakvirveba, romelsac sakralurTan Sexeba
iwvevs, SiSiT aris gamsWvaluli, araTu Seferili. amas grZnobda poeti,
magram moerida mis gacxadebas _ `ver vityvi myinvaris meSiniao... miTam?~
es sityvebi gadaSlilia erT-erT variantSi, romelic dasabeWdad iyo
gamzadebuli. arc erT gamocemaSi es fraza ar aRdgenila. is grZnobs
SiSs, magram ar utydeba Tavs? Tu es SiSi raRac sxvagvari SiSia,
romelsac XIX saukunidan moyolebuli qarTulSi saxeli daekarga, iseve
rogorc sakvirveli daicala im Zveli Zlieri Sinaarsisgan? magram enas _
vgulisxmob am sityva-cnebas _ sakvirvelis saxiT SerCa Zveli
mniSvnelobis Crdili mainc: is ambobs Tavisas misi warmomTqmelis
damoukideblad.
g) myinvari ganze ganmdgaria. es siwmidis im rigis daxasiaTebaa,
romelic yvelaze naklebad aris mxedvelobaSi miRebuli. arada, es
yvelaze arsebiTia, ontologiurad yvelaze Rirebuli, fundamenturi.
realoba, Cveni sinamdvile ar aris, rogorc SeiZleba (da albaT asec
aris) moeCvenos sekularul Tvals, homogenuri kontinuumi, erTiani
gaSlili veli. aq aris idumali siRrmeebi da aranakleb idumali
simaRlebi – CavTvaloT isini transcendentuli realobis niSnebad, mis
manifestaciebad Cvens misawvdom realobaSi. metafizikuri realoba Tavs
acxadebs rogorc ara Cvens, ara Cveulebrivs, anu Cvenisgan (Cv-en/Cv-eul)
gansxvavebuls, u-Cve-ulos, sxvas, romelsac aqvs ucxoSi, sruliad sxvaSi
(rudolf otoseuli Ganz Andere) gadazrdis tendencia. es ki sruliad
gaugebaria da, maSasadame, usargeblo. Tumca es `gasaSterebelia~, es
eqstaturi gancdis, aRtacebis Sinaarsia. (berZn. ek-stasis `ganze (ek)
dgomas~ (stasisis `dgoma~). eqstasSi adamiani Seicnobs imas, rac
realobis miRmaa, mis ganze dgas.
swored es ganze ganmdgarobaa, rac Zireulad axasiaTebs
ZvelaRTqmiseul wmidis kategorias _ kodeSs, romelic Tavs gvacnobs ara
rogorc siwmides Cveuli yofiTi gagebiT (zneobrivi Tu fizikuri
sisufTavis mniSvnelobiT). yovelive is, rasac wmida werili miawers
kodeSis kategorias, principulad ar ekuTvnis Cvens Cveulebriv
realobas, garidebulia misgan: Tu es sagania, igi amoRebulia
yoveldRiuri sadagi yofidan, Tu es sivrcis monakveTia, igi
gamocalkevebuli da gankrZalulia Cveulebrivi yofiTi sivrcidan
uxilavi sazRvriT, rogorc aalebuli mayvlovani; Tu drouli
monakveTia, rogoric aris SabaTi, igi ar iricxeba danarCeni dReebis
saTvalavSi (eqvsi dRe adamians ekuTvnis, meSvide dRe RvTisadmia
gankuTvnili). meSvide dRe gansrulebisa da simSvidis dRea. magram mas ar
surs aseTi simSvide, vinc aragvis mSfoTvareba airCia.

4
 d) myinvari miukarebelia. metafizikuri realobis absoluturi
miuwvdomloba am miukareblobiT Tavs acxadebs droJamul-sivrcul
ganzomilebaSi. miukarebloba obieqturi (ontologiuri) ganze
ganmdgarobis meore, subieqturi mxarea, anu ufro misi adamianis
cnobierebaze zemoqmedebis Sedegi. ganze dgomiT es realoba geubneba,
gafrTxilebs, gibrZanebs: noli me tangere! (`nu momekarebi!~) `axlos nu
moxval! gaiZre fexsamosi, radgan es adgili, sadac Sen dgaxar, wmida
miwaa~ (gam. 3:5), anu miukarebelia.
magram am saukuneSi is, rac miukarebelia, miuRebelic aris.
sekularuli xedva da praqtika arafers miukarebels realobaSi ar
cnobs.
e) myinvars Ziri dedamiwazed udga, Tavi cas miubjenia. am
daxasiaTebas miTosSi gadavyavarT. es fenomenologiuri xati, rogorc
Zveli universaluri miTologemis spontanuri gaxseneba, gadadis
`aCrdilis~ myinvaris aRwerilobaSi, romelsac jer TiTqos formulis
saxe aqvs,

`aRmoCnda mTebis zemoT myinvari,

cisa da qveynis Sua dakidul,~

raTa mere gaiSalos da, sabolood, kosmiuri miTologemis gayinul

kristalad gadaiqces:

`qvesknelT ZalTagan igi mTa medgrad

cis gasarRvevad aRmozidula,
magram mis srbola caSi uecrad
TiTqos gangebiT Seyenebula~.

isev da isev simSvide, myudroeba, sisrule. kosmosis, samyaros,

gansrulebis, Seyenebuli droJamis suraTi, romelSic gangebis nebaa
gamoxatuli. aseT mTas icnobs Suamdinaruli ara mxolod eposi _

`maTi mwvervali cargvals ebjineba,

qvemoT qvesknels eydnoba maTi mkerdi~
(`gilgameSiani~),

aramed sabrZolo eqspediciis analebic _

`zemoT misi Tavi cas swvdeboda,

qvemoT safuZveli qvesknelis wiaRamde aRwevda~
(sargonis laSqroba uratus mTebSi).

magram Tu yvelgan amgvari mTis xati adamianSi simyaris da

simtkicis, raRac saboloo miznis miRwevis da saimedoobis gancdas
badebs, _ da swored es aris am miTologiuri konceptis sazrisi, _
sekularuli xedvisTvis misi simSvide mxolod moCvenebiTia, myinvari
mudmiv `risxvas da muqaras~ inaxavs. TiTqos myinvari gankiTxvis dRis
molodinSia. ~gandegilis~ esqatologiuri Jamis suraTSi es `risxva da
muqara~, `risxva da zari~ masve atydeba Tavs, is SeiZleba kosmiuri
ngrevis msxverplad iqces. RvTis risxva cisa da miwis harmonias elvis
siswrafiT dasabamier qaosSi miabrunebs.

5
 SeniSvna. ganmdgarobisa da miukareblobis niSnad myinvars

`erTaderTi varskvlavi, metad brwyinvale

zed dahnaToda...~

oRond `mgzavris werilebis~ avtori originaluri ar aris am kompoziciis

gamoxatvaSi, Tumca is SeiZleboda spontanuradac dabadebuliyo. asec
vifiqrebdiT, rom es fraza sityvieri ar emTxveodes grigol orbelianis am
striqons:
`da yazibegsa saamod / zeda varskvlavi dahnaTis~

es kompozicia cnobilia kosmiuri mTebis gamosaxvisas. aseTia mTa naramsinis

cnobil triumfalur stelaze, sadac konusisebur mTis wvers agvirgvinebs ori
mnaTobi, romelTagan erTi mzea, meore mTvare _ maTi erTdrouli myofoba cis
kabadonze maradisobis, drois Seyenebis niSania. xolo mefe naramsini am
stelaze sakraluri mTis paralelurad adamianis sakralur xats qmnis, razec
misi goliaTuri figura mWevrmetyvelurad migvaniSnebs.
`aCrdilis~ dasasruls, romlis dramatul CanafiqrSi `risxva da
muqara~ qveynis bedis proeqciaa bunebis movlenebSi, is eWvi da
undobloba, myinvari rom iwvevs Tavisi moCvenebiTi mdumarebiT, rogorc
wuTisoflis bediswera, gaqarwldeba mis Tavze cisartyelis mofeniT.
istoriuli bedukuRmaTobiT nasazrdoebi es skepsisi

`nu gjerso, _ miTxra, _ es myudroeba,

styuiso zecac da yveyanaca~, _

romelic cis gmobamdec ki midis, sabolood galRveba bunebis am

mSvenebis xilvisas. magram cisartyela esqatologiuri Jamis niSania.
cisartyelis gamoCenamde rCeba avis mudmivi molodini (T. XXV) im
didebuli sanaxaobidan, romlis aRsawerad ar dauSurebia mas poeturi
kalami. imediani esqatologiis gadmocema mxolod poetur saxeebSi, ara
proziT, iyo SesaZlebeli misTvis.
magram aris sxva, sawinaaRmdego perspeqtivac, romelic
`gandegilSi~ poulobs realizacias, esadageba ra am poemis konkretul
Canafiqrs. es ganaCenia, romelic gamoaqvs poets sakraluri da,
masasadame, usargeblo realobisTvis. ra rCeba am sakvirveli
didebulebisgan, romlis aRweriT iwyeba poema?

`da iq, sad RmerTi udidebiaT

RmerTi msjavris da WeSmaritebis,
iq, sad uwiravT uflisa mimarT
msxverpli qebisa da RaRadebis, _
aw Soris nangrevT da natamalTa
marto qariRa dadis da qSuis,
da gamomfrTxali Weqa-quxiliT
mun Sexvewili nadiri Rmuis...~

ra rCeba? _ rCeba mxolod `gatialebis (Tu gaudaburebis) sibilwe~. da es

aris poemis absoluturi dasasruli, romlis miRma araviTari imedi aRar
Cans. Tumca imedi mainc aris _ da es gadamwyvetia Cveni poetis
miTologiaSi: am nangrevebis qvemoT Rrialebs Tergi Tu aragvi,
romelsac ar Sexebia gatialebis sibilwe, radgan is moZraobs.
erTaderTi imedi Tergia, rogorc gaRviZebuli cxovrebis xati. es iyo,

6
rogorc viciT, sekularuli saukunis (`sul Zili, Zili...~) upirvelesi
gamowveva.

SeniSvna. `gatialebis sibilwe~ (ebr. Sikkuc Somem, berZn. bdelugma tes

heremoseos), rogorc koncepti, cneba, pirvelad danielis wignSi (dan. 12:11)
gamoCndeba, magram misi realizaciis perspeqtiva TiTqmis yvela
winaswarmetyvelebis Temaa. misi Targmna amgvaradac SeiZleba `gaukacrielebis
sibilwe~. wuTisoflis garda imediani dasasrulisa, romelsac esaia Wvrets
Soreul momavalSi (`moilxens udabno da xrioki, gaixarebs tramali da
SroSaniviT ayvavdeba~, 35:1), arsebobs sxva perspeqtivac mis xilvebSi:
`gadaxvewavs adamianebs ufali da didi udabureba daisadgurebs qveyanaSi~
(6:132), `udabnos mxecebi gaiCenen iq bunags da mikiotebiT aivseba maTi saxlebi,
siraqlemebi daibudeben iq da alqajebi gaTelaven iqaurobas. turebi mohyvebian
kivils gaoxrebul sasaxleebSi da veluri ZaRlebi aymuvldebian mis sazeimo
darbazebSi. moawevs misi Jami da misi dReebi aRar gagrZeldeba~ (13: 21-22).
ramdenad wmidaa (kodeS) adgili, imdenad bilwi (Sikkuc) xdeba igi gatialebi
(gaukacrielebis, gaudaburebis) Semdeg. siwmidisgan daclil ares sibilwe
eufleba, rogorc misi antipoduri saxe. ramdenad Zvirfasi iyo, imdenad
saZulveli xdeba. XIX saukunis qarTul sinamdvileSi gaudaburebis bdelugmas
(ebr. Sikkuc) gancda ar unda yofiliyo moulodneli mas Semdeg, rac qarTuli
istoriuli cnobiereba `ngreuli naSTis~ winaSe aRmoCnda. amis gancdas
sxvadasxvagvari gamoxatuleba aqvs: Tu baraTaSvilTan is eqsistencialuri
gamocdilebidan modis _ `ganqra taZari da udabno Cemda mdumarebs~ (mdumareba,
ebr. Somem, gaudaburebis meore mxarea), vaxtang orbeliani mzad aris araraoba
ixilos wmida mamulis adgilze, oRond ar iyos misi gatialebis mowme _

`ganqri, dmaniso, da dainTqe ufskrulsa Sina,

Cems satanjavad rom ar idge CemT TvalTa wina!~

magram myinvari mainc dgas da dgas rogorc gatialebis sibilwis

maradiuli sayveduri, rogorc sakralizmis ukanaskneli bastioni,
yvelagan daviwyebuli da moZulebuli, romelic mxolod gakvirvebas
(sekularuli azriT) Tu iwvevs. Tumca poeti ar iSurebs misTvis saqebar
sityvebs: maRali Subli, Sublze ZarRvSeutokebeli, didebuli, ukvdavi,
TeTri da aumRvreveli, myudro... magram Tu sakraluri arsebobs, is
uTuod profanulis, sadagis, rioSis da a. S., zogadad rom vTqvaT,
yovldRiuris fonze arsebobs. da ra saxe aqvs mas, profanuls da
yoveldRiurs? is, rac mis simaRles upirispirdeba, aris ~qveynis yayani,
qveynis qariSxali, qrolva, qveynis av-kargi...~ sad aris es yvelaferi? sad
brdRvinavs, sad bRavis, sad miRrialebs Tergi Tu aragvi, `adamianis
gaRviZebulis cxovrebis~ niSani? es yvelaferi aris qvemoT, Zirs, miwaze,
sadac mTasac udgas Ziri. Tu Tergis `mRvrie wyalSi Cans ubedurebis
nacartuta~, ra Cans myinvaris maRal Sublze? araferi, garda sicivisa da
gancxromisa? poets ar surs iq raime Rirebulis danaxva. ucnaurad
sayvedurobs mas, rom `qveynis yayani... mis maRal Sublzed erT ZarRvsac
ar aatokebs~. ratom unda `atokebdes~ _ is xom transcendenturis
binadaria an, misi gamixatuleba, personifikacia. ucnauria, rom poeti
moiTxovs myinvarisgan imas, rac ucxoa misi bunebisTvis, an mas ukve
motovebuli aqvs, rac, SesaZloa, misi warsuli iyo. Tu davukvirdebiT
Tergis aRwerilobas da mimarTvas aragvisadmi _

_ `Tergi mrisxane, Tergi mbdRvinvare,

qafisa zvirTTa miaqanebda,

7
 viT Smagi lomi daWrili, cxare,
hrboda, hbRaoda, miRrialebda,
sweqda da hquxda...~

_ `Cveno aragvo! rarig miyvarxar!..

qarTvlis cxovrebis mowame Sen xar...~

_ `Sens zvirTebSoris Cemi qveynisa

grZeli moTxroba damarxulia~,

davrwmundebiT, rom mdinare Tavisi dinamiurobiT poetis intuiciaSi

istorias ganasaxierebs. sxva ra aris `adamianis gaRviZebuli cxovreba~,
romelic man Tergis Tu aragvis `mRvrie wyalSi~ amoikiTxa, Tu ara
istoriis qartexiliani, alag marTlac mRvrie, alag naTeli da ankara,
msvleloba? ar ismis misi zvirTebis xeTqebaSi istoriis `dauCumari
Civili~? Tergis xma istoriis xmaa, romelic adamianis, istoriis
monawilis xmasTan aris unisonSi. Tergis boboqari dineba namdvilad
misTvis istoriis saxe Seiqmna misi qveynis uistorio Tu
istoriadakargul epoqaSi. `me mesmis am xmagakmendil qveyanaSi Tergis
dauCumari Civili~. buneba aZlevs magaliTs qveyanas, buneba istoriis eniT
laparakobs, raTa istoria bunebis eniT alaparakdes da ufro gasagebi
gaxdes. Tundac es ena Sors iyos harmoniisgan, savse disonansebiT,
xmauriT da JriamuliT, `qveynis yayaniT~, romelic dRis gaTenebas moaqvs.
Tergi rom `hbRavis da ibrZvis~, es imis niSania, rom `qveynis tkivili
dauyuCavia~, anu istoria grZeldeba. magram iqve aRmarTulia myinvari
misi dasasrulis da gansrulebis niSnad. myinvari dadumebulia, radgan
saTqmeli aRaraferia, yvelaferi ukve moxda da yvelaferi ukve naTqvamia.
istoria dasrulebulia da Sejamebuli; saboloo harmonia miRweulia,
dro Seyenebulia da sivrced aris SenivTebuli. yvelaferi TiTqos
saaSkaraoze Cans, rogorc manifestaciis ukanasknel safexurze, Tumca
igi mainc idumalebiT aris mosili, mis Sublze azris wakiTxva poets ar
ZaluZs. sxva ra Sedegs unda moelodes kacobrioba istoriisgan, xom
unda hqondes mas mizani, rac amave dros dasasrulic aris (rogorc
berZnuli telos)? xom ar unda grZeldebodes dausruleblad es
`daudegari faca-fuci~, bRavili da brZola, es `dauyuCavi tkivili~? am
dayuCebas ar gamoxatavs myinvaris saxe? aha, misi saxiT bolo moeRo
`mousvenar dRes Tavis tanjviTa, wvalebiTa, brZoliTa da vai-vaglaxiTa~.
aha, dgas mis winaSe istoriis Sedegi Tavisi didebulebiT da idumalebiT
(`igiv didebul da dadumebul~). rogorc gaqvavebuli musika, kosmiur
harmoniad gardaqmnili `qveynis yayani~.

SeniSvna*. es idea _ mdinare-istoria 1859 wels gamoiTqva leqsSi

`alazans~, sadac, sxvaTa Soris, poeti ambobs:

`dagcqer WmunviTa da Sens wyalSi veZeb Cems warsuls,

droTa brunvisgan Sen zvirT Soris damarxuls, danTqmuls,
rac ki ars Cem win, momagonebs, mas, rac davkarge...~

amxanad poeti ukve icnobda baraTaSvilis leqss `fiqri mtkvris piras~, sadac
pirvelad qarTul enaze gamoTqmulia soflis (istoriis) dasasrulis idea:

`magram YTu erTxel sofelsac unda bolo moeRos,

8
 maSin viRam sTqvas maTi saqme, vin sadRa iyos?...~

SeniSvna**. rogorc r. genoni aRniSnavs erT Tavis naSromSi (`sakraluri

mecnierebis fundamenturi simboloebi~, Tavi: `mTa da gamoqvabuli~),
sayovelTaod xiluli WeSmaritebis anu kacobriobis sulieri mdgomareobis
sawyisi xana mTis simbolizmiT, xolo misi momdevno periodi, anu WeSmaritebis
gasaidumloebis xana, gamoqvabulis simbolizmiT gamoixateba. vinaidan meore
periodi daqveiTebaa, es simbolizmi zustad asaxavs viTarebas: mTa maRlaa da
xiluli, gamoqvabuli – siRrmeSia da dafaruli. sityva siRrme gveubneba, rom
WeSmariteba mTaze ki aRar aris, aramed mis SigniT an mis qveS aris moqceuli,
da mis saxilvelad fizikuri Tvali ar aris sakmarisi, aramed Tvali, romelic
gamoqvabulis bnelSic xedavs. amieridan WeSmariteba, rogorc dafaruli,
saZiebelia. WeSmaritebis am dafarul mdgomareobas beTlemis gamoqvabuli
gamoxatavs (`gandegilSi~ es orive aspeqti realizebulia). misi xilva mxolod
erTeulTa, `Rrmad mxedvelTa~ privilegiaa. meore mxriv, Tumca `siRrmis xana~
WeSmaritebis Semecnebis mxriv daqveiTebis xanaa, mainc `siRrme~ mis eTiur-
aleTologiur ganzomilebaSi uTanabrdeba `simaRles~ (`Rrmad mxedveli~ igivea,
rac `maRlad mxedi~). myinvari, rogorc is daxasiaTebulia Cveni poetis prozasa
da poeziaSi, Seefardeba induri tradiciis satÁa-Áugas anu `WeSmarit xanas~,
roca madli da WeSmariteba mTeli sisavsiT aris ganxorcielebuli. yvela
danarCeni xana, romelic safexurebrivad, daRmavali gziT mosdevs satÁa-Áugas _
trita-Áuga, dvapara-Áuga da kali-Áuga, _ warmavalobiT da WeSmaritebis
TandaTanobiTi SefarviT aRbeWdili misi degradaciis safexurebia. xolo misi
bolo safexuri kali-Áuga (kali `SuRli~, `uTanxmoeba~), Cveni aqtualuri
istoriuli xanaa, romelsac aragvisa Tu Tergis dineba (kali meore
mniSvnelobiT: `droJami~), mWevrmetyvelurad warmogvidgens. es aris is bneli
xana, Cveni XIX saukune, romelic SegvrCa Cveni warmodgenebis miTologiur-
romantikuli `oqros xanidan~. es aris Cveni, rogorc vuwodebdiT mas, `naSTi
Zveli didebisa~. magram Cveni kali-Áuga, rogorc naSTi, inaxavda aRorZinebis
imeds da esec myarad ijda Cvens miTologiur-romantikul warmodgenebSi. gana
bazaleTis miTosi ar gvimxels im WeSmaritebas, rom Tavad WeSmariteba
dafarulia siRrmeSi da gamocxadebas elis?
Tu erTi mxriv, myinvari istoriis gansrulebaa, misi simbolikis
meoregvari gagebiT, igi Tavdapirveli mdgomareobac aris, romelic yvela
tradiciaSi mTis simbolikiT gamoixateba. amrigad, igi aris istoriis ani
da hoe, dasawyisi da dasasruli. `aCrdilSi~ Cveni poeti uars ambobs
yvela im sityvaze, romelic dascda mas dawunebuli myinvaris mimarT.
gansakuTrebiT _

`aba, rad minda misi dideba?~

(Tu es ritorikuli figura iyo mxolod da ara xarki, gaRebuli

sekularuli saukunisTvis, romelic Zalas ikrefda, raTa sabolood
daemxo sakralizmis yvela tradiciuli bastioni da sxva sferoSi
gadaenacvlebina. SesaZlebelia, asec iyo), radgan is `Tanamdevi, ukvdavi
suli~, myinvariviT uZravi da uxmo, swored myinvarze daadgina. da kidev
sagulisxmo is aris, rom es `kaci didi~, romelic Tavis TavSi atarebs
qveynis awmyosa da warsuls~, mzeras moacilebs poetisTvis esoden
sayvarel Tergsa da aragvs da ixedeba iqiT, sadac

`srul saqarTvelo mosCanda Sorsa...~

am kacis portreti SeZerwilia imave konceptebiT, romelTac SeZerwes

myinvaris saxe (am Temas pirvelad Seexo s. Ciqovani Tavis eseistur

9
nakvlevSi `ilia WavWavaZis poeturi memkvidroba~). myinvari misTvis ara
mxolod kvarcxlbekia, sadac dgas igi; es kaci, `moxucebuli~, romelic
atarebs bibliuri `Zveli dReTas~ (danielis wignidan) niSnebs, imgvarad
aris amozrdili myinvaris sxeulidan, rom isini erT organul
mTlianobas qmnian. es kaci myinvaris personifikaciaa. sadRaa
miukarebloba da sicive _ myinvari moxucebulis locviT aris gamTbari,
adamianur masStabebSia moaxloebuli. igi ukve metyveli monawilea da
ara Zveleburad dadumebuli Tavis didebulebaSi. iq (`mgzavris
werilebSi~) myinvaris safarvels miRma myofobs saSineli saidumlos
Sinaarsi. aq saidumlos damfaravi farda TiTqos gadaweulia da axla
kaci acxadebs imas, rasac myinvari mdumared inaxavda. es moxucebuli
TiTqos myinvaris amosunTqvaa. magram es amonasunTqic sekularuli
Sinaarsis Semcveli aRmoCnda. is istoriis sunTqvaa.
magram es kaci, moxucebuli, swored imis ZaliT asrulebs Tavis
misias, rom transcendetul, metafizikur realobas ekuTvnis im azriT,
rom ar aris CaTreuli istoriaSi. igi Wverts istoriul process misi
dasawyisidan, SesaZloa, dasasrulamde. man unda icodes istoriis
Sedegic. es Sedegi cisartyelaa, romelic moxucebulis monologisa da,
bolos, locvis Semdeg gamoCndeba.
`aCrdilis~ moxucebuls hyavs Tavis alter ego poetis saxiT
leqsSi `poeti~, romelic programuli leqsia, sadac adamiani, Tavad
poeti, poetis misiaze da daniSnulebaze laparakobs:

`me ca mniSnavs da eri mzrdis,

miwieri zeciersa;
RmerTTan misTvis vlaparakob,
rom warvuZRve wina ersa~

es kaci, romelic pirvel pirSi laparakobs, im moxucebuliviT mTis

mkvidria, radgan es ca im mTis (myinvaris) analogiuria. `me ca mniSnavs~
unda niSnavdes meored Sobas, rogorc mowodebiT winaswarmetyvelni
ibadebian. magram rogor xdeba, rom sakralurSi Sobili sekularulSi
saWiroebs aRzrdas? Tu `poetis~ poeti sxva aravinaa, Tu ara mose, ra
unda eTqva moses imaze Seusabamo, vidre is, rasac `poetis~ poeti Tavis
Tavze ambobs: `me eri mzrdis~. Tu is poeti RmerTTan molaparake moses
niSnebs atarebs, aq winaaRmdegobaa: mose namdvilad cis (man sinais
cisqveS miiRo mowodeba) daniSnulia, magram is ar aRzrdila Tavis erSi,
romelsac mxolod biologiurad ekuTvnoda. winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi ver
Seasrulebda am mowodebiT dakisrebul misias. mTeli sazrisi moses
winamZRolobisa is iyo, rom mas xalxis `biologiuri nebis~ da misi
yofiTi keTildReobis winaaRmdeg unda emoqmeda, rasac erSi (Terg-
aragvis xmaurSi, `qveynis yayanSi~) aRzrdili, rogorc erTi maTgani, ver
SeZlebda.

SeniSvna. rogor warmovidginoT eris aRzrdilad winamZRoli, romelic

ambobs gamwarebiT: `riT ver vpove madli Sens TvalSi, mTeli am xalxis tvirTi
rom amkide? me xom ar mitarebia mucliT mTeli es xalxi? me xom ar gamiCenia,
rom meubnebi, Seni ubiT waiyvaneo im qveyanaSi, mis mama-papas rom aRuTqvi
ficiT?~ (ricx. 11:11-12). xalxi grZnobs im distancias, romelic mas mosesgan an
moses misgan aSorebs. distancia ucxoobidan mtrobaSi gadadis. moses
sakralizmis gamoxatulebaa, rom xalxma misi pirovneba bolomde ver miiRo: maT

10
TvalSi mose iyo `is kaci, mose~ (gam. 32:1). xalxi ujanydeboda mas, xolo yoveli
janyi Zvel aRTqmaSi sakraluris winaaRmdeg sekularulis amboxia.
da bolos, axali wyvili imave sakralurisa da sekularulis
dapirispirebis principiT: mefe da xalxi isev da isev istoriasTan
kavSirSi.

`am aCrdilma tyavi gamaZro. istoriuls nawilzed gaqir virsaviT

Sevdeg da erTi biji win veRar wavdgi. ar vici, ra vqna? vambob am
`aCrdils~ Tavi davanebo meTqi. eg oxeri Cveni istoria... marto omebisa da
mefeebis istoriaa, eri arsada Cans, me ki aseTi agebulebis adamiani var,
rom mefeebis da omebis saxe ar mimizidavs xolme. saqme xalxiada xalxi
ki Cvens istoriaSi ara Cans~ (1872).

aSkaraa aq mefis, rogorc sakraluri figuris, da xalxis, rogorc

sekularulis, dapirispireba myinvarisa da Tergis dapirispirebis
analogiurad. aq, am konkretul teqstSi, mas ar uyvars mefe Tavisi
omebiT, rogorc ar uyvars myinvari. `saqme xalxia~ _ ra surs amiT Tqvas?
rom mTavaria xalxis yoveldRiuri yofa, da yvelaferi, rac ekuTvnis am
sofels (saeculum), amao fusfusiT da yayaniT (`qveynis yayani~, `saydris
win jgufad xalxi idga da hyayanebda~; `eh, ras hyayanebT!~)? es empiriuli
xalxi, romelic yvela epoqaSi rCeba aseTad, poets ar hyavs
mxedvelobaSi. es moyayane xalxi, Tundac eri davarqvaT, ar izidavs mas,
xalxi, romelmac mamuli sakuTar karmidamomde daknina. is xalxi,
romelsac igi mefes upirispirebs, TiTqmis mistikuri sxeuli, romelsac
sxva adgilas mamuli ewodeba, aris misi siyvarulis da aRtacebis
(gankvirvebis) sagani. magram es xalxi realurad arsad ar Cans _ arc mis
awmyoSi da arc warsulSi, magram surs ki xedavdes. igi ocnebis sagania,
mTeli sakralizmi, rac mas SeeZlo ganecada, am warmosaxviT xalxzea
gadatanili; mefe daclilia sakralizmisgan, raTa xalxi Seimosos miT _
xalxi TviTmyofadi, TviTmpyrobeli, rogoric man `qarTvlis dedaSi~
gamoiyvana rogorc mesianisturi ideis matarebeli.
xalxi esqatologiuri figuraa, romelic a(Ra)r saWiroebs mefes.
`qarTvlis dedaSi~ poetma aRadgina hipoTeturi xalxi Tavisi `saqmiT~.

`xalxi azvirTda, xalxi aRsdga, xalxi moqmedobs,

kaspiis zRvidam Sav zRvamdina erTs fiqrsa hfiqrobs, _
da eg fiqria mTel kavkasis Tavisufleba!..
didia xalxi rom es grZnoba win waruZRveba!~

araviTari sxva winamZRoli, garda grZnobisa, romelic, Cans,

spontanurad ibadeba xalxSi. araviTari mefe, arc pirovneba-mesia, arc
RmerTTan laparaki. xalxia Tavisi sakuTari Tavis mefe.

SeniSvna. `mefeebisa da omebis saxe ar mizidavs~ _ Znelia, virwmunoT es

sityvebi. `aCrdilis~ pirvel variantSi farnavazis, daviTis, dimitri
Tavdadebulis, Tamaris qeba-didebas mieZRvna pasaJebi (TT. XXIII-XXVI), romlebic
avtorma saboloo teqstSi ar Seitana. Cans, igi angariSs uwevda liberalur-
demokratiulad ganwyobil sazogadoebas, romlisTvisac mTavari iyo xalxi,
rogorc mudmivad aqtualuri raoba, mefe ki mxolod warsulSi CarCenili
istoriuli faqti. poetma `qarTvlis dedaSi~ grZnobis amara, winamZRolis
gareSe miatova xalxi, romelzec is `aCrdilis~ dawunebul variantSi werda:

`nuTu es xalxi, romelT dahbades

11
 daviT, dimitri, didi Tamari,
rusTveli da mis Zlieri qnari, _
nuTu es xalxi aRara aRzdges?...~ (T. XXX)

is xalxi, romelic aRdga ukanaskneli brZolisTvis `qarTvlis dedaSi~,

veRar (Tu aRar) hbadebs Tavis wiaRidan axal dimitris, an axal daviTs Tu
aRar saWiroebs maT? maT enacvleba grZnoba, da dedebis Zeni, romlebsac _
yvelas erTianad _ mzad aqvT Tavi gasawirad. xalxi mTlianad ewireba
Tavisuflebas. yvela gmiria, yvela dedis Svilia. TiToeuli maTgani dimitri
Tavdadebulia, isini midian saomrad, raTa cocxlebi aRar dabrundnen. sad da
rodis xdeba es ambavi _ romel droul-sivrcul ganzomilebaSi? poetisave
koncefcia, rom mxsneli jer cam unda daniSnos, rom erma dabados, aq
ugulebelyofilia. sekularuli sazogadoeba kidev Seiwynarebs mamulisa da
bazaleTis akvnis sakralizms da mistikas, magram mefeebs, rogorc winamZRolT,
romlebic `Tavis cxebul Tavsa msxverplad aZlevdnen mSobliur xalxsa~, aRar
miiRebs. roca gonebiT liberalma poetma 1878 wels gamoaqveyna gulis karnaxiT
dawerili `dimitri Tavdadebuli~, did miTqma-moTqma Seqmnila maSindel
mweralTa wreSi. ilias daabrales poziciis Secvla, carizmis principebis
momxreoba, warsulis idealizacia, sinaTlisa da liberalizmis moZuleoba.....
(gr. yifSiZe, ilia WavWavaZe 1837-1907, biografia (wignSi: ilia: mogonebebi
gardasul dReTa, Tb.: merani, 1987, gv. 70). amgvari braldebis winaTgrZnobam
gadaatanina avtors `qarTvlis dedis~ moqmedeba umefo da uwinamZRvro mermisSi,
xalxis meufebis hipoTetur epoqaSi. da, rac mTavaria, xalx aRar esaWiroeba
ciT daniSnuli poeti, radgan Tavad xalxia ciT daniSnuli.

sabolood, Tu im simboloebSi, romlebic aRebuli aqvs poets, _

myinvari da Tergi-aragvi, _ Tavisi ideis gasatareblad, romlebic
mwifdeboda yrmobis droidan da swored aseTi konfiguracia miiRo, _
davinaxavT universaluris kerZo gamovlinebebs, SegviZlia sxva sferoSi
movuZebnoT maT semantikuri adeqvatebi: esenia saxarebiseuli wyvili _
mariami da marTa, romelTagan erTi kontemplacias, mWvretelobiT
cxovrebas, meore praqtikul cxovrebas gamoxatavs.

mariami uZravad zis da ismens, xolo marTa `zrunavs da SfoT

ars~, rogorc Tergi da aragvi, fusfusebs, egebeba wuTisoflis stumrebs,
mariami egebeba RvTis Zes da mdumared usmens mas. marTa emsaxureba
xiluls, mariami _ uxilavs, da raki `xiluli ese sawuTro ars, xolo
ara xiluli igi _ saukuno~ (2 kor. 4:18). marTas iseve aRizianebs mariami,
romelic ganridebulia da ar ikarebs wuTisoflis yayans, rogorc poets
_ didebuli da dadumebuli myinvari. rogorc poeti sayvedurobs myinvars

`rad minda me misi dideba? qveynis yayani, qveynis qariSxali,

qrolva, qveynis av-kargi mis maRals Sublzed erT ZarRvsac
ar aatokebs...~

aseve marTa uCivis mariams _ `ufalo, ara iRvwi, rameTu Ddaman Cemman martoÁ
damiteva me msaxurebad? arqu mas, raÁTa Semeweodis me~ (l. 10:40) da is pasuxi,
romelic uflisgan miiRo marTam _`marTa! marTa! hzrunav da SfoT xar
mravlisaTÂs, aqa erTisaÁ ars saÃmar. xolo mariam keTili nawili gamoarCia,
romeli arasada mieRos misgan~ (l. 10:41), SeeZlo moesmina poets myinvarisgan,
ukeTu igi, dadumebuli, darRvevda dumils.
Tumca isic unda iTqvas, rom es orni dani, xilul-uxilavis, Jamier-
uJamos erTianobis gamomxatvelni, erTmaneTs avseben, radgan erTi

12
Ziridan arian amozrdilni, rogorc Tergi da myinvari. ieso, maTi
moZRvari, ar uaryofs marTas da mis Rvawls ar ukuagdebs, SesaZloa,
ufro metadac uyvardes, radgan saxarebaSi sweria: `uyuarda iesos marTa
da daÁ misi~ (i. 11:5), anu jer marTa, mere mariami. namdvilad, sruliad
garkveuli azriT, uflis siyvaruli wuTisoflis zrunvaSi Cafluls
ufro esaWiroeba. aki imave saxarebaSi vkiTxulobT, rom `ara moavlina
RmerTman Ze Tvisi soflad, raÁTa dasajos sofeli, aramed raÁTa
acxovnos sofeli mis mier~ (i. 3:17). ufro metic aris naTqvami: `rameTu
esreT Seiyuara RmerTman sofeli ese, viTarmed Zeca TÂisi
mxolodSobili mosca mas~ (i. 3:16).

P.S. `aCrdilis~ ori variantis ori epigrafi _ erTi fsalmunidan:

`aRzdeq, ufalo, RmerTo Cemo, da aRmarTe

xeli Seni, da nu daiviwyeb glaxakTa SenTa
sruliad~,

xolo meore `vefxityaosnidan~:

`ra vardman Tvisi yvavili gaaxmos, daamWknarosa,

igi wava da sxva mova turfasa sabaRnarosa~,

asaxavs avtoris yoymans _ sakralurisa da sekularulis monacvleobas

ukanasknelisadmi saboloo upiratesobis miniWebiT. pirvelis mixedviT,
istorias warmarTavs RmerTi da igi aris misi ukanaskneli msjavrmdebeli da
ganmkiTxveli; meoris Tanaxmad ki, istoria bunebrivi procesia da amitomac
bunebis movlenaTa saxeebiT aRiwereba.

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