臺北市立教育大學中國語文學系

語文教學碩士學位班
碩士論文
指導教授：余崇生博士

白先勇小說中的同志人物
形象刻畫與心理研究

The characteristics and psychological

researches on homosexual characters
in the novels of Xian-Yong Bai

研究生：吳佳芬
中華民國九十七年十二月

I
 論文摘要

在臺灣文學領域中，白先勇佔有一份不可抹滅的地位，創辦現代文學雜誌的

貢獻、榮獲獎章以及讀者推薦的肯定、作品不斷搬上舞台等等，證明其成就及影

響力。但是較少研究針對其性傾向對他的影響作出分析，加上近期唯一的創作也

以同志為主角，是故本論文將以白先勇的同志小說創作為主要研究範圍，分析其

同志人物形象刻畫及心理狀態，共分為六章。

論文第一章為緒論，敘述研究動機、目的以及相關文獻探討，回顧過程思考
本文能深入或突破的論點，最後是研究方法。

第二章「白先勇成長過程與文本的關聯分析」。著重在作家本人特質、作品、
同志小說評價發展歷程，三者的關聯性論述，並討論同志的性別身分對其創作的
影響，將其同志小說創作歷程與整個臺灣對同志小說的評價發展作一比較。

第三章「早期短篇小說的同志人物分析」
。第一節分析「自戀」
、「死亡」對同
性戀者的影響。第二節探討兒童的性愛情感以及毀滅式的兩性關係與浪漫的同志
戀情呈現之對比。第三節分析自厭性同性戀者內在的自卑感和罪惡感以及外在環
境的壓迫。第四節陳述「青春崇拜」如何影響新公園的男同性戀者。第五節分析
的人物為白先勇小說中首度出現的女同志，她們在「孽」的課題、融合本省與外
省族群和實現「成家願望」具有承先啟後的地位。

第四章「長篇小說《孽子》的同志人物分析」。延續〈孤戀花〉之「孽」的觀
念，敘述這群男同志遭遇放逐與追尋自我的歷程。李青被放逐之後，亦逃離他人
照顧，選擇在新公園自我放逐，直到安樂鄉、余先生的出現，讓他逐漸脫離男伎
生活。龍鳳戀曲則如神話傳頌，撫慰新公園青少年同志對愛情的渴望，但本質上，
兩位主人翁王夔龍和阿鳳的性格迥異，內外逼迫下構成愛情悲劇。所幸歷經流亡
和擬父的傅崇山開導，透過救贖他人，王夔龍達到自我救贖的層次。接著分析優

II
秀軍人傅衛自殺的原因：追求完美的心理、父親的不諒解，藉此陳述偏見對同志
帶來的巨大傷害。最後討論小玉的戀父情結與發妖特質、吳敏對一個家的強烈渴
望以及老鼠的戀物情結等。

第五章「近期短篇小說的同志人物分析」
。此兩篇小說出現了新的同志人物形
象：感染愛滋病的同志。
〈Danny Boy〉描述教師在社會期望過高下隱藏性向的巨大
心理壓力，主角歷經放縱自我、官能失調症、感染愛滋病的絕望後，遇到小丹尼
讓他獲得心靈上的平靜。
〈Tea for Two〉落實了同志成家願望， 且男同志和女同志
並置形成了非血源家族，意義重大。而大偉最終感染愛滋病毒，也突顯了男同志
無法單一性伴侶背後的原因：缺乏社交氧氣、男同志較能接受多重性伴侶、受到
主流文化影響，他們在情感表達較為困難等等。

第六章結論以人權平等的立場檢視白先勇的同性戀小說世界與同性戀人物，
並探討創作的轉變歷程，最後歸納白先勇創作的同性戀人物類型、白先勇在同志
小說及對愛滋病防護的貢獻等等，供未來研究者參考。

關鍵詞：白先勇、同志小說、同性戀者

III
 Abstract

In Taiwan literature domain, Xian-Yong Bai holds the unshakable status, who

made the contribution to found the modern literature magazine, received the

award of honor, got the recommendation from the readers, and his works to

present on stage unceasingly and so on, above statement had proved his achieve-

ments and influence. But there was a few of research to analyze in view of his

sexual preference to influence his works. Furthermore, the only works in recent

years also takes the homosexual as leading characters; therefore this research

took the homosexual novels creation of Xian-Yong Bai as the main range of

study. We will analyze the image portraits and psychology of these homosexual

characters and it will divide into six chapters.

The first chapter is the introduction to describe the research motivation, the

goal, the method, and the relative works which will review the arguments of the

process to ponder that this article can penetrate or the breakthrough.

The second chapter is “The Relative Analysis Between the Grow-up

Experience of Xian-Yong Bai and This Research”. We’d recited the three

relatedness elaboration emphatically in the author’s individual characteristic, the

works, and the process of appreciation development in homosexual novel.

Moreover, we’d discussed the influence by the homosexual's sexual identity to

his creation, and compared between the creation process of the homosexual novel

and the appreciation development on the entire Taiwan.

The third chapter is “The Homosexual Characters Analyzes of Short Story in

the Early Periods”. The first section analyzed how the “Narcissism” and the

“Death” to influence homosexual. The second section discussed the contrast of

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the child's sexual emotion, the destructive gender relations, and the affection by

the romantic homosexual love. The third section analyzed the inner sense of

inferiority, guilt, and the oppression of the external environment with

ego-dystonic homosexuality. The fourth section stated how “The Youth

Adoration” affects the male homosexual in Taipei New Park. The fifth section

analyzed the lesbian characters in the novel that emerged for the first time by the

writer, Xian-Yong Bai, and they carried on the past heritage and open up the

future in this topic “Sin”, fused the race between Taiwanese local residents and

external-province person, and accomplished to wish to get married.

The fourth chapter is “the Analysis of Homosexual Characters in the Long

Novel Crystal Boys”. To extend the view of “Sin”, we described the progress that

these male homosexual encountered the exile pursued themselves. After Qing Li

being exiled, he ran away from others’ care and chose self-exile in Taipei New

Park until the appearance of Anle Township and Mr. Yu. It let him to be

separated from the male prostitute life gradually. The “Long-Feng Love” was

like myth praise, and it comforted young homosexual in Taipei New Park to

pursue the love, but essentially, the two protagonists, Kui-Long Wang and

A-Feng, had different individual characteristics. Under the inside and outside

situation forces, their love became a love tragedy. Fortunately, by rescuing and

redeeming other people, and the guidance from Chong-Shan Fu, like his father,

Kui-Long Wang had been achieved the level of self-redemption through the exile.

And then, we analyzed the reasons why Wei Fu committed suicide, were that the

psychology of pursuing the perfect, and un-forgiveness from his father, to make

the statements of the huge injury which brought to homosexual from the

prejudice. Finally, we discussed the Iphigenia Complex and the “Camping”

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characteristic of Xiao-Yu, the strong desire for family of Min Wu, the “Fetish” of

Lao-Shu and so on..

The fifth chapter is "the Analysis of Homosexual Characters in the Recent
Novelette". There are fresh images “HIV-infected homosexual” of homosexual
characters that appeared in the following two novelettes. “Danny Boy” described
the enormous psychological pressure of the teacher who concealed his sex-
ual-orientation under the huge community expectation. The teacher, the leading
role, in this story had undergone self-indulgence, mental disorders, and the des-
pair of AIDS infection. Until he encountered little Danny, he eventually made his
mind peaceful finally. “Tea for Two” completed a desire of the homosexual fam-
ily, and in this story the non-blood family including the gay and lesbian has spe-
cial and important significance. Eventually, David is infected with the AIDS vi-
rus, and it also emphasized the reasons that gay couldn’t have only single sex
partner: they lack of social oxygen; they are much acceptable multiple sexual
partners; they are much difficult to express feelings by the impact of mainstream
culture, and so on.

The sixth chapter is the conclusion to inspect the homosexual novels and

characters written by Xian-Yong Bai in view of the human rights equality. And

then, we discussed the transition through creative writing process. Eventually we

would draw a conclusion from the types of the homosexual characters written by

Xian-Yong Bai, the contribution to homosexual literature, and the protection of

AIDS, and so on, as some reference materials to the researchers in the future.

Keywords: Xian-Yong Bai, homosexual novels, and homosexual

VI
 誌 謝

碩士論文撰寫的過程中，首先要感謝指導教授余崇生老師，除了

督促進度、適時解惑，更關心學生的生活和健康狀況，令我由衷感謝。

再者要感謝口試委員林于弘教授和梁淑媛教授，對於論文詳加指正，

並提出修改的建議，使我獲益匪淺。修業期間也承蒙多位教授的教導，

尤其感激楊晉龍教授，以自己的教學實踐，讓學生了解嚴謹態度的重

要性，對論文寫作之助益極大。對所有提攜我的長者，在此致上無盡

的謝意與崇高的敬意！

進入職場後，還能有這個機會徜徉在學術殿堂，我是非常珍惜而

且認真耕耘的，但是完成一篇碩士論文的過程仍是極其艱辛的路途，

尤其要兼顧工作和學業，在此也對自己的堅持感到驕傲。最後本論文

針對教授們的意見，盡可能加以修改，或許還有未臻完善之處，但我

已全力以赴走完這條學術道路，問心無愧。本論文在完成的那一刻，

之於我，便已是無價的存在，這其中的掙扎痛苦、甜美收穫還有那無

數輾轉難眠的夜晚，都盡在不言中。

VII
 目 次

第一章 緒論……………………………………………………………………1
緒論

第一節 研究動機…………………………………………………………1

第二節 研究目的…………………………………………………………5

第三節 相關文獻資料的回顧……………………………………………7

第四節 研究方法…………………………………………………………16

第二章 白先勇成長歷程與文本的關聯分析
白先勇成長歷程與文本的關聯分析…………………………………21
與文本的關聯分析

第一節 童年肺病與世隔絕且瀕臨死亡…………………………………23

第二節 家人情感交流的影響……………………………………………31

第三節 各學術領域對小說創作的影響…………………………………39

第四節 白先勇同志小說與臺灣同志小說的發展歷程…………………52

第五節 小結………………………………………………………………63

第三章 早期短篇小說的同志人物形象刻畫與心理研究
早期短篇小說的同志人物形象刻畫與心理研究……………………67
形象刻畫與心理研究
第一節 〈月夢〉、〈青春〉──自戀美少年……………………………69
第二節 〈玉卿嫂〉──同志傾向的兒童………………………………80
第三節 〈寂寞的十七歲〉──自厭型同志學生………………………85
第四節 〈滿天裡亮晶晶的星星〉──崇拜青春的男同志……………94
第五節 〈孤戀花〉──懷抱成家願望的女同志………………………99
第六節 小結……………………………………………………………110

VIII
第四章 中期長篇小說《
中期長篇小說《孽子》
孽子》的同志人物形象刻畫與心理研究
的同志人物形象刻畫與心理研究…………113
形象刻畫與心理研究

第一節 小蒼鷹──戀弟的李青…………………………………………115

第二節 孽龍與野鳳凰──暴烈的王夔龍與不羈的阿鳳………………125

第三節 白馬王子──自戕的傅衛………………………………………133

第四節 狐狸精──戀父的小玉…………………………………………138

第五節 兔子精、耗子精──戀家的吳敏、戀物的賴阿土……………145

第六節 小結………………………………………………………………153

第五章 晚期短篇小說的同志人物形象刻畫與心理研究
期短篇小說的同志人物形象刻畫與心理研究…………………159
形象刻畫與心理研究

第一節 〈Danny Boy〉──感染愛滋病的同志教師………………… 160

第二節 〈Tea for Two〉──實現成家願望的歡樂族…………………168

第三節 晚期作家心理轉變與社會問題之探究…………………………177

第四節 小結………………………………………………………………183

第六章 結論…………………………………………………………………185
結論

第一節 白先勇小說中的同志世界書寫之歷程轉變……………………186

第二節 白先勇小說中的同志人物類型…………………………………191

第三節 學術研究上的反思………………………………………………200

參考文獻
參考文獻…………………………………………………………………………205
文獻

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