MARIANO MARCOS STATE UNIVERSITY

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
CITY OF BATAC, ILOCOS NORTE

VIBRATION

JADE CARLO ANTONIO

ELDRICK BRIAN OLACO
WINCHIE HAYDIA GANTALA
BERNARD GARCIA
MIKE ANGELO MALICDEM
REZO EUPLIUS RENDON
KENNETH SABADO

ENGR. JEROME PAHINAG

INSTRUCTOR 1

DECEMBER 2022
 REPORT
VIBRATION

OBJECTIVES:
AT THE END OF THIS REPORT, YOU ARE EXPECTED TO BE FAMILIAR AND
GAIN KNOWLEDGE WITH THE FOLLOWING:
1. BASIC FUNDAMENTALS OF VIBRATION
2. APPLICATION OF VIBRATION
3. PERFORM A SIMPLE PROTOTYPE VIBRATION INSULATOR

INTRODUCTION:
A VIBRATION ENGINEER’S WORK AND DUTIES PROACTIVELY
CONTROL VIBRATIONS AND ACOUSTICS WITHIN PROJECTS TO IMPROVE
SAFETY AND DECREASE NOISE POLLUTION. ENGINEERS MUST ACHIEVE
THESE GOALS WHILE KEEPING SIGHT OF BUDGET CONSTRAINTS,
MATERIAL COSTS, AND REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS. AN OSCILLATION
OF THE PARTS OF A FLUID OR AN ELASTIC SOLID WHOSE EQUILIBRIUM
HAS BEEN DISTURBED, OR OF AN ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE.

ILLUSTRATION
1. DRAW THE PROTOTYPE DESIGN OF SIMPLE VIBRATION
INSULATOR
 2. INDICATE TABLES FOR THE REQUIRED DATA ANALYSIS WITH
COMPUTATION

SPEED, NATURAL PERIOD OF FREQUENCY.

rpm FREQUENCY (W), rad/s OSCILLATION (T), secs. Hz
100 10.47 0.600 1.67
250 26.18 0.240 4.17
400 41.89 0.150 6.67
550 57.60 0.109 9.17
700 73.30 0.086 11.63
850 89.01 0.071 14.08
1000 104.72 0.060 16.67
1150 120.43 0.052 19.23
1300 136.14 0.046 21.74
1450 151.84 0.041 24.39

COMPUTATIONS:

2 πrad rad
W =100 RPM x =10.47
60 sec s
2 πrad
T= =0.6 s
10.47 rad /s
1
f= =1.67 Hz
0.6 s

2 πrad rad
W =250 RPM x =26.18
60 sec s
2 πrad
T= =0.24 s
26.18 rad / s
1
f= =4.17 Hz
0.24 s

2 πrad rad
W =400 RPM x =41.89
60 sec s
2 πrad
T= =0.15 s
41.89 rad / s
 1
f= =6.67 Hz
0.15 s

2 πrad rad
W =550 RPM x =57.6
60 sec s
2 πrad
T= =0.109 s
57.6 rad /s
1
f= =9.17 Hz
0.109 s

2 πrad rad
W =700 RPM x =73.3
60 sec s
2 πrad
T= =0.086 s
73.3rad /s
1
f= =11.63 Hz
0.086 s

2 πrad rad
W =850 RPM x =89.01
60 sec s
2 πrad
T= =0.071 s
89.01rad /s
1
f= =14.08 Hz
0.0 71 s

2 πrad rad
W =1000 RPM x =104.72
60 sec s
2 πrad
T= =0.06 s
104.72rad / s
1
f= =16.67 Hz
0.0 6 s

2 πrad rad
W =115 0 RPM x =1 20.43
60 sec s
2 πrad
T= =0.052 s
120.43rad /s
 1
f= =19.23 Hz
0.0 52 s

2 πrad rad
W =1300 RPM x =136.14
60 sec s
2 πrad
T= =0.046 s
136.14 rad /s
1
f= =21.74 Hz
0.0 46 s

2 πrad rad
W =1450 RPM x =151.84
60 sec s
2 πrad
T= =0.041 s
151.84 rad /s
1
f= =24.39 Hz
0.0 41 s

QUESTIONS:
1. WHAT ARE THE BASIC FUNDAMENTALS OF VIBRATION?
THE STATE OF AN OBJECT THAT REPEATEDLY MOVES BACKWARDS,
FORWARDS, RIGHTWARD, OR UPHILL IS KNOWN AS VIBRATION, AND IT IS
TYPICALLY CHARACTERIZED BY FREQUENCY, DISPLACEMENT,
VELOCITY, AND ACCELERATION.

2. LIST THREE TYPES OF VIBRATION AND GIVE THE DIFFERENCE.

FREE OR NATURAL VIBRATION
IT IS CONSIDERED FREE OR NATURAL VIBRATION WHEN NO
EXTERNAL FORCE OPERATES ON THE BODY AFTER IT HAS
EXPERIENCED AN INITIAL DISPLACEMENT. WHEN A MECHANICAL
SYSTEM IS SET IN MOTION BY AN INITIAL INPUT AND ALLOWED TO
VIBRATE FREELY, FREE VIBRATION OCCURS. BEFORE BECOMING
STATIONARY, THE MECHANICAL SYSTEM VIBRATES AT ONE OR MORE
NATURAL FREQUENCIES. THE FREQUENCY OF A FREE OR NATURAL
VIBRATION IS REFERRED TO AS FREE OR NATURAL FREQUENCY. THE
AMPLITUDE APPEARS TO BE DIMINISHING OVER TIME.
FORCED VIBRATION
FORCED VIBRATION OCCURS WHEN A MECHANICAL SYSTEM IS
SUBJECTED TO A TIME-VARYING DISTURBANCE (LOAD, DISPLACEMENT,
VELOCITY, OR ACCELERATION). AS DISTURBANCES, ONE MAY EMPLOY
PERIODIC AND STEADY-STATE INPUTS, TRANSIENT INPUTS, OR RANDOM
INPUTS. FOR LINEAR SYSTEMS, THE FREQUENCY OF THE STEADY-
STATE VIBRATION RESPONSE BROUGHT ABOUT BY THE APPLICATION
OF A PERIODIC, HARMONIC INPUT IS EQUAL TO THE FREQUENCY OF THE
APPLIED FORCE OR MOTION, WITH THE SIZE OF THE RESPONSE
DEPENDING ON THE SPECIFIC MECHANICAL SYSTEM.
DAMPED VIBRATION
VIBRATIONS ARE CONSIDERED TO BE DAMPED WHEN THE ENERGY
OF A VIBRATING SYSTEM IS PROGRESSIVELY ABSORBED BY FRICTION
AND OTHER RESISTANCES. THE VIBRATIONS GRADUALLY LESSEN IN
FREQUENCY OR INTENSITY OR CEASE ALTOGETHER, RESTORING THE
SYSTEM'S BALANCE.

3. NAME 5 MINIMUM TYPES OF APPLICATION OF VIBRATION.

 ROTATING MACHINERY / BEARINGS
 CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY
 MINING INDUSTRY
 RAILWAY
 HELICOPTER

4. WHAT IS THE BASIC CONCEPT OF VIBRATION?

VIBRATION OR OSCILLATION REFERS TO ANY MOTION THAT REPEATS
AFTER A CERTAIN AMOUNT OF TIME. EXAMPLES OF VIBRATIONS
INCLUDE THE SWINGING OF A PENDULUM AND THE MOVEMENT OF A
STRING BEING PLUCKED. THE STUDY OF OSCILLATORY MOTIONS OF
BODIES AND THE FORCES CAUSING THEM IS COVERED BY THE THEORY
OF VIBRATION.

5. WHY SHOULD WE INPUT VIBRATION ISOLATOR ON A MACHINE?

THERE ARE SEVERAL ITEMS AND MACHINERY IN THE AVERAGE
INDUSTRIAL OR COMMERCIAL WORKPLACE THAT MIGHT PRODUCE
UNWANTED VIBRATION. FANS, MOTORS, AND OTHER DEVICES THAT
PRODUCE UNUSUAL VIBRATION LEVELS DURING REGULAR USE ARE
FREQUENT EXAMPLES. VIBRATION LEVELS THAT ARE OUT OF CONTROL
COULD HAVE MORE HARMFUL EFFECTS. A VIBRATION ISOLATOR IS
RECOMMENDED AS A MORE COST-EFFECTIVE OPTION TO PREVENT OR
CONTROL HOW THE VIBRATION OF ANY MACHINE OR PIECE OF
EQUIPMENT AFFECTS ITS SURROUNDINGS. THIS ALSO HELPS FOR
SAFETY OF WORKERS AND FOR PREVENTING ANY ACCIDENTS THAT
MIGHT HAPPEN IN RELATION WITH THE ABNORMAL VIBRATION OF A
MACHINE.

6. IMPORTANCE OF VIBRATION TO ANY MACHINES.

 HELPS YOU UNDERSTAND YOUR MACHINES
 INCREASES OVERALL SAFETY
 VIBRATION MONITORING MEANS YOU CAN GET BETTER
PERFORMANCE FROM YOUR MACHINES
 SAVES MONEY ON REPAIRS
 PREVENTS MACHINES IMBALANCE, MISALIGNMENT, BENT OR
BOWED SHAFTS

7. WHAT DO YOU LEARN ABOUT VIBRATION REGARDING TO YOUR

PROTOTYPE DESIGN?
VIBRATION DATA CAN HELP US IDENTIFY FAULTS OR DETECT
WARNING SIGNS OF POTENTIAL FAILURES. IT CAN ALSO HELP IN THE
DETECTION OF MISALIGNMENT OR UNBALANCE OF ASSETS SUCH AS
BEARINGS AND ROTATING PIECES OF EQUIPMENT. LOW VIBRATION
MEANS THE BETTER THE PERFORMANCE AND SAFE, ON THE OTHER
HAND, HIGH VIBRATION MEANS THAT THE PERFORMANCE IS POOR AND
SAFETY IS NOT PRESENT.

CONCLUSIONS:
VIBRATION IS A CHARACTERISTIC OF VIRTUALLY ALL INDUSTRIAL
MACHINES. WHEN VIBRATION INCREASES BEYOND NORMAL LEVELS, IT
MAY INDICATE ONLY NORMAL WEAR OR IT MAY SIGNAL THE NEED FOR
FURTHER ASSESSMENT OF THE UNDERLYING CAUSES, OR FOR
IMMEDIATE MAINTENANCE ACTION. UNDERSTANDING WHY VIBRATION
OCCURS AND HOW IT MANIFESTS ITSELF IS A KEY FIRST STEP TOWARD
PREVENTING VIBRATION FROM CAUSING TROUBLE IN THE PRODUCTION
ENVIRONMENT.
VIBRATION ANALYSIS IS ONE OF THE MOST IMPORTANT AND
EFFECTIVE METHODS OF DETECTING THE HEALTH OF MACHINERY.
VIBRATION DATA CAN HELP US IDENTIFY FAULTS OR DETECT WARNING
SIGNS OF POTENTIAL FAILURES. IT CAN ALSO AID IN THE DETECTION OF
MISALIGNMENT OR UNBALANCE OF ASSETS SUCH AS BEARINGS AND
ROTATING PIECES OF EQUIPMENT. BY LOOKING AT VIBRATION DATA, WE
CAN ALSO IDENTIFY HIGH AND DAMAGING LEVELS OF VIBRATION.

REFERENCES

 https://byjusexamprep.com/types-of-vibration-i
 https://testlab.amtest.eu/en/knowledge/what-is-vibration-fundamental-
concept-of-vibration
 https://revibeenergy.com/top-5-applications-for-vibration-energy-
harvesting/
 https://easyflex.in/blog/importance-of-a-vibration-isolator/
 https://harksys.com/blog/what-is-vibration-analysis-and-why-is-it-
important/#:~:text=Vibration%20analysis%20is%20one%20of,and
%20rotating%20pieces%20of%20equipment.