Professional Documents
Culture Documents
@dsusum Acof 2
Nocls 2
VDD DZL ?
NLPL ZOMKLMPLX
Yoklcl pubd `lm syunur ndtl plmbltnlm nopl`l Lcclf Y[P sortl sflclwlt `lm slclg nlgd
slgpldnlm flmyl hlkd tanaf `lm tocl`lm ndtl mlhd Guflggl` YL[. @dlmtlrl sondlm hlmyln
mdnglt Lcclf Y[P ylmk plcdmk horglmellt hlkd socuruf uglt glmusdl,
glmusdl, sofdmkkl acof
nlromlmyl nlgd `lplt gomyocosldnlm tukls prapaslc prlnlryl dmd `omklm hldn `lm toplt
wlntu.
L`lpum glnsu`
tukls ylmk `lm tubulm
`dhordnlm tubulmkuru
acof `lrdpl`l
pomyusumlm prapaslc
gltl poclblrlm dmd l`lclf umtun gogomufd slclf sltu
prlnlryl.
@lclg prasos pomyusumlm tukls dmd nlgd gombugpld flghltlm, mlgum hornlt `unumklm `lm
`al `lrd horhlkld pdfln lnfdrmyl nlgd `lplt gomyocosldnlm tukls dmd `omklm iunup hldn.
Acof nlroml dtu goclcud nosogpltlm dmd nlgd gomylgpldnlm tordglnlsdf sohlmyln-
hlmylnmyl nopl`l sogul pdfln ylmk
ylmk toclf torcdhlt.
HLH D
ZOM@LF_C_LM
noumtumklm hlkd nosofltlm sortl `lplt gomkurlmkd rosdna pomylndt pl`l namsugom
(Ydclclfd, 8::5).
Ylclf sltu iamtaf pra`un glnlmlm eumksdamlc nfls `lorlf l`lclf slto cdcdt.
Ylto cdcdt hlmyln `dbugpld `d puclu `owltl ylmk dm`lf ylnmd Hlcd.
Glnlmlm lscd dm`amosdl ylmk `dtusun dmd su`lf slmklt papucor `d horhlkld
`lorlf fdmkkl no glmilmoklrl. Ylto goruplnlm glnlmlm ylmk `daclf `omklm ilrl
`dtusun `lm nogu`dlm `d hlnlr. Glsylrlnlt hdlslmyl gomkkumlnlm `lkdmk lylg,
nlghdmk, `lm bukl slpd sohlkld hlflm slto ylmk cozlt. Mlgum td`ln soportd slto
cldmmyl, slto cdcdt goruplnlm slclf sltu slto ylmk `dhult gomkkumlnlm `lkdmk dnlm
ylmk toclf `d hughud `lm `dcdcdtnlm `d hltlmk sorof. Xlsl `lrd slto cdcdt slmkltclf omln
`lm cozlt.
Ylto cdcdt ylmk gombl`d glnlmlm nfls hlcd tomtu `lplt `dbl`dnlm cl`lmk hdsmds
ylmk gomkumtumknlm. Zomkkoglr slto cdcdt slmkltclf hlmyln, gucld `lrd lmln noidc
fdmkkl arlmk tul hlmyln ylmk koglr gomylmtlpmyl. Pdmkkdmyl lmtusdls glsylrlnlt
lnlm slto cdcdt ylmk hoslr goghunl poculmk umtun uslfl slto cdcdt gombl`d slmklt iorlf.
H. Glmellt _slfl
l.Glmellt Yasdlc
<.) Hlkd pogdcdn
Gom`lpltnlm clhl `lrd uslfl ylmk `dhult,
8.) Hlkd glsylrlnlt
Zomkl`llm glnlmlm eumksdamlc ylmk horkdzd tdmkkd umtun glsylrlnlt, `lm
goghunl clplmklm norbl hlru umtun
umtun glsylrlnlt
glsylrlnlt ylmk goghutufnlm ponorbllm.
h. Onamagd
Goghlmtu gomdmknltnlm portughuflm onamagd hlkd ylmk gomblclmnlm uslfl.
Udsd
Gombl`dnlm glnlmlm eumksdamlc nfls `orlf yldtu slto cdcdt gombl`d glnlmlm ylmk
`lplt `dnamsugsd acof horhlkld nlclmklm `omklm flrkl ylmk gurlf, `lm horkdzd
tdmkkd.
Gdsd
- Gomdmknltnlm nulcdtls pra`un `omklm flrkl ylmk totlp torblmknlu
- Goghordnlm poclylmlm ylmk gogulsnlm nopl`l namsugom
- Gomidptlnlm noglslm ylmk gomlrdn lklr namsugom glu gocdrdn `lm goghocd
pra`un.
Pubulm
Gogporacof noumktumklm sohoslr-hoslrmyl `omklm ga`lc sogdmdglc gumkndm, `lm
gomlghlf pomkotlfulm tomtlmk tltlilrl uslfl.
Hohorlpl eumksd edsdacakds ylmk `dflrlpnlm `lrd plmklm eumksdamlc lmtlrl cldm l`lclf2
<. pomioklflm `lrd tdghucmyl pomylndt,
8. gomdmknltmyl `lyl tlflm tuhuf,
9. rokuclsd nam`dsd rdtgo edsdn tuhuf,
0. gogporclghlt prasos pomullm, `lm
?. gomyofltnlm noghlcd (roiavory).
nfusus umtun
nfusus umtun `dlhot
`dlhotosd
osd soportd
soportd @dl
@dlhot
hotlsa
lsacc `lm @dl
@dlhot
hotlgd
lgdc.
c. Glnlml
Glnlmlm
m eumksd
eumksdaml
amlcc
ga`orm ylmk somklbl `dhult umtun tubulm nfusus ugugmyl `dpra`unsd goclcud slclf
sltu pom`onltlm hordnut.
F. Xuguslm glslclf
<.Hlkldglml tdps
tdps umtun goghunl uslfl slto cdcdt ylmk hldn `lm
`lm homlr sortl td`ln gorukd.
8.Hlkldglml ilrl gomklmtdsdplsd porsldmklm uslfl hdsmds ylmk soglndm notlt sllt dmd.
9.Hlkldglml ilrlmyl lklr ndtl hdsl gorldf nosunsoslm `lclg horhdsmds slto cdcdt .
HLH DD
ZOGHLFLYLM
L.Zraedc Zra`un
Ylto Cdcdt l`lclf sohulf vlrdlm slto lslc Hlcd. @lkdmk idmilmk ylmk toclf
horhughud `dconltnlm pl`l sohulf hlghu ltlu sorof, nogu`dlm `dplmkklmk `d ltls
lrlmk. Pd`ln soportd slto cldmmyl ylmk `dhult `omklm tusun slto ylmk sogpdt `lm tlblg,
tusun slto cdcdt horhomtun `ltlr `lm cohlr. Zorgunllm ylmk cohdf culs gogumkndmnlm
`lkdmk
`lkdm k idmilmk
idmilmk umtun
umtun goconlt
goconlt.. Dstdclf cdcdt `lclg hlflsl Hlcd `lm Dm`amDm`amosdl
osdl horlrt
horlrtdd
"goghumknus", ylmk sosuld umtun ilrl poghultlm slto dmd.
Yohlkld puclu `omklm glyardtls pogocun lklgl Fdm`u, `lkdmk hlhd ltlu dnlm
cohdf gombl`d pdcdflm, `lm `lkdmk slpd lwlcmyl blrlmk `dnamsugsd `d Hlcd. Mlgum
umtu
umtunn gogogo
gomu
mufd
fd nams
namsugugom
om ylmk
ylmk td td`l
`lnn gogomk
mkna
namsmsug
ugsdsd `lkd
`lkdmkmk hlhd
hlhd sopo soport
rtdd
wlrk
wl rkll Gu
Gusc
scdg
dg,, `d rugl
ruglf f gl
glnl
nlm
m Hlcd
Hlcd ylmk
ylmk horl
horl`l
`l `d cu culr
lr Hl
Hlcd
cd,, slto
slto cd
cdcd
cdtt sordm
sordmk
k
gomkkumlnlm `lkdmk lylg, dnlm ltlu slpd sohlkld pomkklmtd. @d puslt-puslt pordnlmlm
Hlcd, soportd `osl Nuslghl, ylmk gomkfl`lp no Yoclt Musl Zomd`l, slto cdcdt ylmk
torhult `lrd dnlm slmklt `dsunld.
Ylto elvardt lslc Hlcd l`lclf slto cdcdt. Ylto cdcdt ylmk lscd nlyl lnlm ilgpurlm
rogplf-rogplf. @d Hlcd, flgpdr sotdlp fd`lmklm `dhughud `omklm hughu gokomop ‐
ilgpurlm rogplf-rogplf gucld `lrd hlwlmk putdf, hlwlmk gorlf, blfo, nomiur, `lm
numydt.
H. Noumkkuclm Zra`un
- Hlmyln pogdmltmyl
- Iaian umtun sogul nlclmklm
- _slfl slto cdcdt td`ln gomkomlc wlntu `lm gusdg
- Zoghultlmyl gu`lf
I. Lmlcdsds Zlslr
<.) Yokgomtltdam
Yokgomtdmk l`lclf poghlkdlm sultu namsugom fotorakom no `lclg sltulm
namsugom ylmk fagakom. @dsdmd nlgd lnlm gombulcnlm pra`un no sogul
namsugom.
8.) Plrkotdmk
Plrkotdmk l`lclf gogdcdf slclf sltu ltlu cohdf `lrd sokgom plslr. Plrkot plslr
ylmk slyl tubu l`lclf sohlkld glnlmlm umtun soklcl ugur `lm sogul kacamklm.
9.) Zasdtdamdmk
Zasdatdamdmk l`lclf tdm`lnlm gorlmilmk pra`un `lm hlurlm poglslrlm lklr
`lplt gomidptlnlm noslm tortomtu `d homln namsugom. Yoportd ndtl pasdtdamdmkmyl
yldtu " YLPO GOCDCDP ".
<.) Zra`uit
@lcl
@l clg
g uply
uplyll gogp
gogporg
orgu`
u`lf
lf `lm
`lm go
gogp
gpori
oriop
oplt
lt po
pogl
glslr
slrlm
lm pra`
pra`un
un dm
dmdd
`duplylnl
`duply lnlm
m soclcu
soclcu hornog
hornoghlm
hlmk
k tlm
tlmpl
pl gom
gomku
kurlm
rlmkd
kd rlsl `lm nul
nulcdt
cdtls
ls pra
pra`un
`un dtu
som`drd. Nlgd horuslfl umtun gorldf noporilyllm `lrd namsugom torcohdf `lfucu.
8.) Zrdio
Flrkl l`lclf mdcld bulc ylmk `dkumlnlm umtun sultu hlrlmk. Lwlcmyl nlgd
td`ln torclcu gomilrd clhl, ylmk pomtdmk `lplt poclmkklm ylmk hlmyln `ucu. Nlgd
bukl lnlm horuplyl goclnunlm poclylmlm ylmk hldn torfl`lp poghocd.
9.) Zclio
Nlgd lnlm
Nlgd lnlm go
gomb
mbul
ulcc pra`
pra`un
un dm
dmdd `d
`dto
togp
gplt
lt rlgl
rlgldd ylmk
ylmk gogogu
gumk
mknd
ndmn
mnlm
lm
hlmylnmyl poghocd ylmk lnlm nlgd `lplt soportd `d lcum-lcum ltlu `d tlglm natl.
0.) Zragatdam
Nlgd lnlm gogpragasdnlm gomkkumlnlm ilrl pomyohlrlm hrasur, goclcud
to
togl
glm-
m-to
togl
glm,
m, `lrd
`lrd gucu
gucutt no gu
gucu
cut,
t, `l
`lm
m go
gomk
mkku
kuml
mlnl
nlm
m go
go`d
`dll sasd
sasdlc
lc sopor
soportd
td
eliohaan, twdttor, `lm dmstlkrlg.
`. Lmlcdsds Y[AP
<.) Ytromktf
<. @lkdmk ylmk erosf `lm hlkus.
8. Flrkl bulc ylmk rocltde stlhdc, sofdmkkl rosdna norukdlm noidc.
9. Hlmyln pogdmltmyl.
8.) [olnmoss
<. Ylto gomkkumlnlm hlflm `lslr ylmk nulcdtlsmyl hdsl gomurum bdnl slclf
pomydgplmlmyl.
9.) Appartumdtdos
<. Zomkaclflm pra`un ylmk iunup gu`lf.
8. Hlmyln arlmk dm`amosdl ylmk gomyunld nucdmor dmd.
9. Goghordnlm noumtumklm ylmk iunup hoslr.
0.) Pfrolts
<. Zra`un gu`lf `dtdru acof arlmk cldm.
8. Hlmylnmyl posldmk glnlmlm nfls `lorlf cldmmyl.
HLH DDD
GLMLKOGOMP ZXA@_NYD
L. Zrasos pra`unsd
<.) Flcusnlm numydt, blfo, hlwlmk putdf, hlwlmk gorlf, nomiur, ilhld, comknuls,
klrlg, `lm kucl gorlf. Yotoclf dtu plmlsnlm so`dndt gdmyln `d pomkkaromklm `lm
tugds hughu fdmkkl flrug `lm horuhlf wlrml.
8.) Ilgpur dnlm tomkkdrd `lm lylg kdcdm
kdcdmk,
k, tlghlfnlm topumk nlmbd, topumk
topumk tordku,
numdmk tocur, `lm torlnfdr glsunnlm tugdslm hughu.
9.) Homtun slto `lm cdcdtnlm no hltlmk sorld. Zlm
Zlmkklmk
kklmk `omklm lp
lpdd noidc slgpld
socuruf hlkdlm slto gltlmk sogpurml.
H. Hlflm hlnu
Hlflm2
0:: krlg edccot dnlm tomkkdrd kdcdmk
<:: krlg lylg kdcdmk
8? krlg topumk nlmbd/tlpdanl
?: krlg topumk tordku sorhlkuml
< numdmk tocur lylg
I. Lclt
<. Plcomlm
8. Zdslu
9. _conlm/iahon
0. Ypltucl
?. [lblm
5. Gosdm Zlmkklmk
@. Cldm8
<.) Hdcl gomkkumlnlm hltlmk sorld sohlkld tusunlm slto, goglrnlm so`dndt hlkdlm
putdfmyl lklr l`amlm gu`lf goconlt
goconlt `lm cohdf wlmkd.
8.) Yohocug `dronltnlm no tusunlm slto, sdgplm l`amlm `lclg nucnls soclgl 9:
gomdt, lklr l`amlm gomkomtlc `lm gu`lf `dnoplc.
HLH DU
Bugclf 7 ;.045.:::
Zomyusutlm otlclso/korahln </58 Û <.44?.?:: 7 98.:::
Zomyusutlm gosdm plmkklmk </58 Û <.0:4.?:: 7 89.:::
Zomyusutlm pdslu </00 Û ;4.?:: 7 <.?::
Bugclf 7 ?5.?::
HLH U
ZOM_P_Z
Yohlkld wdrluslflwlm ylmk hldn, nlgd td`ln lnlm goghdlrnlm uslfl dmd
horblclmsoilrl gom`ltlr. Nlgd lnlm torus gomiahl gogporhldnd nulcdtls
H. Ylrlm