التنمية المستدامة ومواجهة تلوث البيئة وتغير المناخ

‫املركز الدميقراطي العريب‬
‫‪Democratic Arab Center‬‬

‫‪Strategic, Political & Economic studies‬‬
‫التنمية المستدامة‬
‫ومواجهة تلوث البيئة وتغير المناخ‬
‫‪Sustainable Development and Combating‬‬
‫‪Environmental Pollution‬‬
‫المؤلف‪ :‬األستاذ الدكتور ساجد احميد عبل الركابي‬
‫إخراج فني ‪ :‬بن قيطة بالل‬
‫الطبعة األولى ‪2020 :‬‬
‫المركز الديمقراطي العربي للدراسات االستراتيجية و السياسية و اإلقتصادية برلين ‪ -‬ألمانيا‬

‫رئيس المركز ‪ :‬أ‪ .‬عمار شرعان‬
‫المؤلف‪ :‬األستاذ الدكتور ساجد احميد عبل الركابي‬
‫عنوان الكتاب‪ :‬التنمية المستدامة ومواجهة تلوث البيئة وتغير المناخ‬
‫إخراج فني ‪ :‬بن قيطة بالل‬
‫‪VR. 3373-6363. B‬‬ ‫رقـم تسجيل الكتاب‪:‬‬
‫الطبعة ‪ :‬األولى ‪2020‬‬
‫الناشر‪ :‬المركز الديمقراطي العربي للدراسات االستراتيجية و السياسية و‬
‫االقتصادية‪.‬برلين _ألمانيا‬
‫ال يسمح بإعادة إصدار هذا الكتاب أو أي جزء منه أو تخزينه في نطاق استعادة المعمومات‬
‫أو نقله بأي شكل من األشكال‪ ،‬دون إذن مسبق خطي من الناشر‪.‬‬
‫جميع حقوق الطبع محفوظة‪ :‬للمركز الديمقراطي العربي برلين‪ -‬ألمانيا‪2018 .‬‬
‫‪All rights reserved No part of this book may by reproducted. Stored in a‬‬
‫‪retrieval System or tansmited in any form or by any meas without prior‬‬
‫‪Permission in writing of the publishe‬‬
‫المركز الديمقراطي العربي للدراسات اإلستراتيجية والسياسية واالقتصادية‬
‫‪Germany:‬‬
‫‪Berlin 10315 Gensinger.Str: 112‬‬
‫‪Tel: 0049-Code Germany‬‬
‫‪54884375 -030‬‬
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‫‪mobiltelefon : 00491742783717‬‬
‫‪E-mail: book@democraticac.de‬‬
‫المركز الديمقراطي العربي للدراسات االستراتيجية و السياسية و اإلقتصادية برلين ‪ -‬ألمانيا‬

‫أ‪.‬د ساجد احميد عبل الركابي‬ ‫التنمية المستدامة ومواجهة تلوث البيئة وتغير المناخ‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫المركز الديمقراطي العربي للدراسات االستراتيجية والسياسية واالقتصادية‪ .‬برلين ‪ -‬ألمانيا‬
‫د ساجد احميد عبل الركابي‬.‫أ‬ ‫التنمية المستدامة ومواجهة تلوث البيئة وتغير المناخ‬
Abstract
(Sustainable Development and Confronting Environmental Pollution and Climate Change)
In order to sustain human existence and protect it from disastrous threats, it is so important to
reform the consequences of industrial and technological progress. These consequences are
represented by the consumption of the resources of the planet, global heat, climate change, hurricanes,
floods, loss of billions of metric tons of the ice of Northern and Southern Poles, ozone stratum
corrosion and warm gases in addition to the increase in the pollutant emissions, ocean acidification
and pollution, aridity, desertification, forest stripping, and removal of plant cover. These
consequences badly effected on the life of people, plants, coral reef and other cultural beings. The
Secretary-General of The United Nations, Antonio Guterres confirmed this fact in his speech to the
Twenty-Fourth United Nations Conference of the parties of The United Nation Frame Agreement for
climate change COP24 in Katowice, Poland (3 December 2018). He bitterly announced, “We are in
a predicament”, and “if we lose this opportunity (the conference) to stop climate change, it will be
immoral as well as committing suicide”. This shows the depth of the human crisis resulting from the
international environmental pollution and climate change. This also needs practical and scientific
solutions from countries, governments, individuals, people, companies and non-governmental
organizations through sustainable development, which Secretary-General of the United Nations
considered a realistic way and important international project to transform to green economy and to
treat the massive emission of gases giving rise to global heat and the erosion of ozone, and to
transform to clean technology.
The study supposes that sustainable development is an overall program of economic, social,
environmental and technological sides to confront environmental pollution and climate change, and
to decrease its effects, decrease global heat, and reduce harmful gas emissions that threaten human
and animal life. It is a set depending on local, national and international efforts, non-governmental
organizations, companies and individuals. It also needs a governmental will and sufficient financing
in order to treat the harms that threaten people, countries and individuals and materials on earth. But
this humanistic global project faces difficulties and is slow in its movement. Moreover, its results that
are shown by the sustainable development indicators do not parallel the increase in the effects of the
global pollution and climate change.
That is what the Secretary-General alarmed about in Poland Climate Summit 2018. The study
consists of three chapters. The first chapter is about pollution and its aspects as a scientific background
to the second chapter, which deals with the effects of environmental pollution and climate change
and their effects on physical, psychological and mental health in addition to the internal and external
migration and the effects on organisms. The economic effects (loss and harm) are also studied in this
chapter. The third chapter studies the sustainable development and environmental pollution because
they are the international project to confront the effects of pollution and different climate changes,
and how to decrease them by analyzing the nature of sustainable development through its definitions,
aspect, aims, principles, characteristics, requirements and indicators. Then through studying the
international conferences and plans of sustainable development. By the analyses of these chapters
and their relationship to the environmental pollution and global climate change, the capacity of the
state of sustainable development to confront environmental pollution and climate change. The results
of this confrontation are also shown. This study looks forward to be a further step in the way to protect
human life, organisms, natural, physical and cultural heritage from the horrific effects of
environmental pollution and climate change .
4 ‫ ألمانيا‬- ‫ برلين‬.‫المركز الديمقراطي العربي للدراسات االستراتيجية والسياسية واالقتصادية‬

1
. United Nations, Secretary General; Katowice, Poland; Secretary General Remarks at the opening of the COP24. 03
December 2018. https://www.un.org/sg/en/content/sg/statement/2018-12-03/secretary-general-remarks-opening-cop-
24.
2. Ibid.

‫‪1.‬‬
‫‪UN. Secretary General: Ibid.‬‬
‫‪2. NU News: Failing to agree on climate action would not only be immoral "but" suicidal; UN chief tells COP24.‬‬
‫‪https://news.un.org/en/story/2018/12/1028311‬‬
‫كذلك‪ :‬أخبار األمم المتحدة‪ 4( :‬رسائل لقادة العالم في مؤتمر األمم المتحدة للمناخ في ‪ 3‬كانون األول‪/‬ديسمبر ‪)2018‬‬
‫‪https://news.un.org/ar/story/2018/12/1022711‬‬
‫‪The Concepts of Environmental Pollution‬‬
‫‪Environmental Pollution‬‬
‫‪‬‬
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‫‪‬‬
‫‪‬‬
‫‪‬‬
‫‪‬‬
‫‪The Effects of Environmental Pollution‬‬

‫‪And Climate Change‬‬
‫‪The Effects of Pollution‬‬

‫‪On Humans and Living Organisms‬‬
‫‪-‬‬
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‫*‬
‫‪The Economic Impacts of Pollution and climate change‬‬

‫)‪(Loss and Damage‬‬
‫‪The Sustainable Development‬‬

‫‪And Environmental Pollution‬‬
‫أ‪.‬‬
‫‪-‬‬
‫‪-‬‬
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‫‪-‬‬
‫ب‪.‬‬
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‫ت‪.‬‬
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‫ث‪.‬‬
‫البُعد االقتصادي‬
‫النمو المستدام‬
‫كفاءة رأس المال‬
‫البُعد االجتماعي‬ ‫البُعد البيئي اإليكولوجي‬

‫المساواة في التوزيع‬ ‫تكامل النظم البيئية‬
‫الحراك االجتماعي‬ ‫التنوع اإلحيائي‬
‫المشاركة الشعبية‬ ‫الطاقة االستيعابية‬
‫تفويض الصالحيات‬ ‫الموارد الطبيعية‬
‫‪ -‬النمو‬
‫‪ -‬المساواة‬ ‫البُعد‬
‫‪ -‬الكفاءة‬
‫االقتصادي‬
‫البُعد‬ ‫البُعد‬
‫االجتماع‬ ‫البيئي‬
‫‪ -‬المشاركة‬ ‫ي‬ ‫‪ -‬النظم‬
‫الشعبية‬ ‫اإليكولوجية‬
‫‪ -‬الحراك‬ ‫‪ -‬الطاقة‬
‫االجتماعي‬ ‫‪ -‬التنوع البيولوجي‬
‫‪ -‬الهوية الثقافية‬ ‫‪ -‬القضايا البيئية‬
‫‪ -‬التطوير‬ ‫التنمية المستدامة‬
‫المساواة‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫الحراك‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫االجتماعي‬
‫المشاركة‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫المجتمع‬ ‫الشعبية‬
‫تفويض‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫‪ -‬نمو مستدام‬
‫‪ -‬كفاءة رأس‬
‫المال‬ ‫االقتص‬
‫اد‬ ‫النظم البيئية‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫الموارد الطبيعية‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫التنوع االحيائي‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫البيئة‬ ‫الطاقة االستيعابية‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫‪ -‬رأس المال النقدي‬

‫‪ -‬رأس المال‬ ‫البُعد‬
‫اإلنتاجي‬
‫االقتصادي‬
‫البُعد‬ ‫البُعد‬
‫االجتماع‬ ‫البيئي‬
‫ي‬
‫‪ -‬رأس المال‬
‫‪ -‬رأس المال‬ ‫الطبيعي‬
‫االجتماعي‬
‫‪ -‬رأس المال‬
‫البشري‬
‫أ‪.‬‬
‫ب‪.‬‬
‫‪-‬‬
‫‪-‬‬
‫‪-‬‬
‫‪-‬‬
‫ت‪.‬‬
‫ث‪.‬‬
‫ج‪.‬‬
‫ح‪.‬‬
‫خ‪.‬‬
‫د‪.‬‬
‫ذ‪.‬‬
‫‪-‬‬
‫‪-‬‬
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‫‪-‬‬
‫‪International Conferences‬‬
‫‪And Sustainable Development Plans‬‬
‫‪‬‬
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English Reference
A- Research and Studies published in scientific Journals and websites:

1. Amanda Mac Millan: Global Warming. March 11, 2016.
2. Arnell NW: Climate Change and Global Water Resources. 2004.
3. Ashlee Counsolo & Neville R. Ellis: Ecological grief as a mental health response to climate
change – related loss. Nature climate change. Volume 8 issue, 4 April 2018.
4. Bethany Wieman: How Does Pollution Affect All living Things? December 17, 2018.
5. Catherine Armstrong: Pollution's Effects on Animals. April 24, 2017.

6. Chris Dinesen Rogers: The Effects of water Pollution on plants & animals. September 26, 2017.
7. Dawn Walls – Thumma: How can water pollution Affect Animals, Homes and Health?
December 27, 2018.
8. Damian Carrington: The Paris Deal Pullout is more damaging to the Climate. The Guardian. June
1, 2017.
9. Hannah Ritchie, Max Roser: Fossil fuels.
10. Jim Donnelly: The Irish famine. 2011-02-17, BBC-History. British in-depth.
11. Jonathan M. Harris, Others: The Economics of global climate change, 2017. Global Development
and Environment Institute. Tufts University.
12. Kimberly Amandeo: Rising levels and Their impact on the Economy and You. January 14, 2019.
13. Kimberly Amadeo: Climate Change Facts and Effect on the Economy. April 18, 2019.
14. Larry West: The Most Polluted Places Earth Report Raises Alarm About Global Pollution and
Points to Solutions. February 4, 2019.
15. Marshall Burke, Felipe Gonzáles, Solomon Hasing: Higher Temperatures Increase Suicide Rates
in the United States and Mexico, Nature climate change, volume 8 issue, 23 July 2018.
16. Michael D. Shear: Trump will Withdraw U.S. from Paris Climate Agreement. June 1, 2017, New
York Times.
17. Oliver Mitman, David Smith and Damian Carrington: Donald Trump Confirms US will quit Paris
Climate Agreement. The Guardian, June 1, 2017.
18. Rachel James, Richard Jones and Emily Boyd: What is loss and Damage Climate Change? New
Security beat, September 2017.
19. Robine JM, et al: Death Toll Exceeded 70,000 Europe During the Summer of 2003.
20. Dr. Salah M. El-Haggar: Sustainable Development and Environmental Regorm, 2007.
21. Sarah Zielinski: Where Fossil Fuels Come From. Sep 20, 2018.
22. Stacy Morford: Climate Change Will Cost U.S. More in Economic Damage Than Any Other
Country but On. Sep 24, 2018.
23. Susan Clayton: Mental Health Risk and Resilience Among Climate Scientists, Nature Climate
Change, Volume 8 issue, 4 April 2018.
24. Thomas D. Doherty, Susan Clayton: The Psychological Impacts of Global Change. American
Psychological list, vol. 66, no 4, 2011.
25. Tom Kompas: U.S. $23 Trillion Will be Lost if Temperatures Rise Four Degrees By 2100. phys.
org, August 2018.
26. Vishwa Mohan, TNN: Greenpace Calls Out for Omitting 139 Highly Pollution Towns and Cities
From its NCAP. Economic Times. Jan 30, 2019.
B- Reports of Environment, Pollution and Climate Change Their Impacts.
1. Definition of Eutrophication. Merriam Webster Dictionary.
2. Greenhouse Effect. Australian Government Department of the Environment and Energy.
3. Health & Environmental Effects of Air Pollution Commonwealth of Massachusetts, Department
of Environmental Protection. August 2015.
4. Ocean acidification. National oceanic and atmospheric administration. U.S.A. gov.
5. Paricle Pollution (PM), Air Now gov, January 31, 2017.
6. Pollution Effects on Humans, Animals, Plants and Environment.
7. Pollution Index 2019. Numbeo.com

8. Report on Climate Change and Its Impacted in The United State. U.S. global Change Research
Program. November 2018.
9. Synthetic Material (vocabulary.com)
10. Synthetic (Colinsdictionary.com)
C- The International Organizations Documents About Environment (English version)
1. Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). Soil Pollution Hidden Reality, Rome, 2018.
2. United Nations, Secretary General: Katowice, Poland: Secretary General Remarks at the Opening
of the COP24, 03 December 2018.
3. U.N. News: Failing of Agree on Climate Action Would "not only immoral "but "suicidal": UN
chief tells cop24.
4. United States Environmental Protection (EPA) International Climate Impacts. January 2017.
5. Whitehouse. US. Government. Statement by President Trump on the Paris Climate Accord.
Energy & Environment. Issued on June 1, 2017.
6. World Bank: Climate Change. Oct 02, 2018.
7. World Health Organization (WHO) Prevention Diseases.
8. World Health Organization (WHO) India Records Highest Number of Child Deaths Due to Air
Pollution in The World. Oct 31, 2018.
9. World Health Organization (WHO) Air Pollution and Child Health: Prescribing Clean Air, 2018.


التنمية المستدامة ومواجهة تلوث البيئة وتغير المناخ

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التنمية المستدامة ومواجهة تلوث البيئة وتغير المناخ

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‫املركز الدميقراطي العريب‬

‫‪Democratic Arab Center‬‬

‫إخراج فني ‪ :‬بن قيطة بالل‬

‫الطبعة األولى ‪2020 :‬‬

‫المركز الديمقراطي العربي للدراسات االستراتيجية و السياسية و اإلقتصادية برلين ‪ -‬ألمانيا‬

‫المركز الديمقراطي العربي للدراسات االستراتيجية و السياسية و اإلقتصادية برلين ‪ -‬ألمانيا‬

4 ‫ ألمانيا‬- ‫ برلين‬.‫المركز الديمقراطي العربي للدراسات االستراتيجية والسياسية واالقتصادية‬

5 ‫ ألمانيا‬- ‫ برلين‬.‫المركز الديمقراطي العربي للدراسات االستراتيجية والسياسية واالقتصادية‬

‫‪The Concepts of Environmental Pollution‬‬

‫‪The Effects of Environmental Pollution‬‬

‫‪The Effects of Pollution‬‬

‫‪The Economic Impacts of Pollution and climate change‬‬

‫‪The Sustainable Development‬‬

‫البُعد االجتماعي‬ ‫البُعد البيئي اإليكولوجي‬

‫‪ -‬رأس المال النقدي‬

A- Research and Studies published in scientific Journals and websites:

166 ‫ ألمانيا‬- ‫ برلين‬.‫المركز الديمقراطي العربي للدراسات االستراتيجية والسياسية واالقتصادية‬

167 ‫ ألمانيا‬- ‫ برلين‬.‫المركز الديمقراطي العربي للدراسات االستراتيجية والسياسية واالقتصادية‬

168 ‫ ألمانيا‬- ‫ برلين‬.‫المركز الديمقراطي العربي للدراسات االستراتيجية والسياسية واالقتصادية‬

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