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Matter anything that has a mas 9 occupies space

L 3 different States of matter

Solid Liquid Gas

00008 0
8888 88 88
particles
atomsmolecules ions

Arrangement
Betides areforget
particles are close together th
in orderlyarrangement in disorderlyarrangement in disorderly arrangement

Movement

particles vibrateabout Thick on slide over particles are freeto


their fixed position each other within a more in all directions
me

fixedshare no fixedshape
ofcontainer
attainsshape attainsshape ofcontainer
fixed volume fixed volume no fixed volume
attainsvolumeofcontainer
wayyy a nub compressible compressible
Physical charges charges in States of matter

t
he
Solid melting
Liquid

KIGrigg µÉ
g
Melting
a process in which pure solid torrs into

liquid

Melting
a constant temperature at which pure solid
point
charges into liquid

Boiling a process in which pure liquid torrs into

gas

Boiling
A constant temperature at which pure liquid
point
changes into gas
Note heat 9
solid Liquid s

Since heat is absorbed so melting 9

boiling are endothermic process

Heating I Steen
cave ice water
Hug yo Hug
m OC b p lov c
n
p

temple Leg
Eid's gg

bogie
stl
Liquid
solidattishid

g
meth e solid
s
times

Note Heat is being used to overcome the attractive

forces bw particles during melting boiling Therefore

temperate doesnt rise


Condensation a process in which pre gag him into liquid
Condensation
point a constant temp at which puregas turnsinto liquid

Freezing
a process in which pre liquid him into solid

Freezing point a constant temp at which pureliquidturnsinto solid

Not Condensation
9 Freezing are exothermin processes

Cooling curve Ang s Hwy s Ts


andy no fregitic

gas

yo
condeptit gotlivid liquid
solid
liquid
solid
g
freezingpoint

Note Pure species will always have fixed meltingboiling freezing condesalinpoin

test to check purity


Factors affecting melting 9 boiling point

Melting point
intermolealer force of attraction MFA of solid

IMFA T melting point P

impurity of solid

impurity T melting point

Boiling point

a MFA of liquid

IMFA T boiling point T


b impurity of liquid

impurity T boiling point T

Difference btw boiling 9 Evgoratin


Evaporation
a in which liquid
process Boiling Evaporation

fast slow
turns into a before
gas occursthroughout occursonly at
theliquid surface
its boiling point
occur atagley
eik
I called beforeboilingpoint
oooooooooooooooooo
ten
Factors affecting evaporation
Surface area
temperate of surondig
boiling point of liquid
Diffusion it is the nd
particles from a region of higher
concentration to a region of lower
concentration

Note Diffusion occurs


Most
Solid Liquid Gas

Test

Factors affecting rate of diffusion

Temperature

temp T rate of diffusion T

Molealermoss me of gas

Mr i rate of diffusion P
IAIE
Q Which balloon will go down quickly same temp 9 pressie

B C D
A N2 Hz City coz
Mr Mr me
most
Ha Nits
Application
NILEs.gg

Q
Colton wool
Q cotton wool
soaked in soaked in
HCl NH
acid alkali

Mr 36.5 Mr 17

Note Nitz beinglighter in mess will diffuse quickly

9 travel more distance that Hd being heavier

in moss As a result their particles will collide


at a
position shown above

mm
Coset
Mi
i 2 wÉ
Note Hz beinglighter in mass will diffuse out

of porous pot quickly as compared to Oc

diffusing inside As a result less


gas will
be inside exerting less pressure

Water level rises

Mr 64 ite

Water level decreases due to more pressure


Case 3
Tir 28

Mr 28 iwe

No change in water level Since both


gases have similar Mr

Gas laws 9 relation

Boyle'st rolotgs a

Pat
L
pressure ath

u ine

v
i pressure
Charle's Law be Kevin
must

v y y gg
volt95

p s
2731604 temp C
ok volnot97

temp c

volnotgg

temp K

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