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Європейський Союз встановив взаємні відносини з Грузією в 1992 році в рамках програми
TACIS (Технічна допомога Співдружності Незалежних Держав), яка була ініційована
Європейською комісією в 1991 році і спрямована на технічну та фінансову допомогу
країнам Східної Європи та Центральної Азії.
З 2007 року TACIS замінив Європейський інструмент сусідства та партнерства (ENPI), який,
у свою чергу, через сім років замінив Європейський інструмент сусідства (ENI) і включав не
лише країни Центральної Азії та Східної Європи, а й деякі країни Північної Африки та
Близького Сходу.
Висновок статті
Since the EU recognized Georgia’s independence in 1992, diplomatic and economic relations
have developed between the two sides; at the beginning, these were primarily focused on dealing
with Georgia’s severe humanitarian situation following the collapse of the Soviet Union, as well as
domestic issues.
In 1992, tthe Technical Assistance to the Commonwealth of Independent States (TACIS) began to
assist post-Soviet states in their transition to market economies and democracy, Georgia's rst
step in its cooperation with the EU.
The overall objective of 1992 TACIS action is to develop local skills and know-how required to
accelerate economic reform and to encourage conditions favourable to private investment and
the development of the private sector.
The programmes therefore comprise a limited number of targeted and coordinated components in
areas including government advice, support for enterprises, human resources development, food
production and distribution, transport, energy, telecommunications and regional inter-state
cooperation.
Slide 2
Since 1995 Georgia bene ts from the EU's Generalised System of Preferences (GSP). In 2005
Georgia became a bene ciary of the new System of Preferences Special Incentive Arrangement
for Sustainable Development and Good Governance (GSP+). Since January 2014 upgraded GSP+
entered into force which was extended to Georgia.
It is important to note what GSP is. So,The U.S. GSP program promotes economic growth
in the developing world by providing duty-free entry to the U.S. market for goods imported from
designated bene ciary developing countries. Approximately 3,500 di erent products from Georgia
are eligible to enter the United States duty-free under the GSP program. U.S. businesses
imported $19.9 billion worth of products under the GSP program in 2012, including $124 million
from Georgia.
Slide 3
On 22 April, 1996 the EU-Georgia Partnership and Cooperation Agreement (PCA) was signed in
Luxembourg that entered into force on 1 July, 1999. In compliance with the agreement and with
the aim of supporting the implementation of the PCA and strengthening of bilateral relations and
political dialogue between the parties, following cooperation institutions were created: EU-
Georgia Cooperation Council; EU-Georgia Cooperation Committee; EU-Georgia Parliamentary
Cooperation Committee and EU-Georgia Cooperation Sub-committees. The meetings are held
annually. Besides, political dialogue meetings at the level of the Political and Security Committee
(PSC) are convened at least once a year.
Slide4
On 14 June 2004, the Council of the European Union decided to launch the European
Neighbourhood Policy (ENP) for Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia to enhance cooperation with
neighbour countries.
In 2004, Georgia joined the European Neighbourhood Policy (ENP) initiative, which “was designed
to prevent the emergence of new dividing lines between the enlarged EU and its neighbours and
to o er them the chance to participate in various EU activities through greater political, security,
economic, and cultural cooperation.” Georgia agreed to a set of reform priorities with the EU
under the ENP in an individual action plan that was rati ed in 2006.
The Government of Georgia and the European Commission agreed on the common text of the
European Neighborhood Policy Action Plan (ENP AP) in November 2006. The document
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determines the strategic objectives of cooperation and ensures implementation of relevant
political and economic priorities.
The European Neighborhood Action Plan is a renewable document that enables the renewal of
its content based on evaluation, development of bilateral relations and quality of country's
progress. So, because of that, the Plan divided into 3 parths. Also the Action Plan covers a
timeframe of ve years. In this Plan there are 7 Priority areas:
Slide 5
In 2008, Russia's invasion of Georgia had a signi cant impact on relations between the EU and
Georgia. Under the auspices of the French Presidency of the Council of the European Union, the
bloc played an important role in the cease re agreement (the "Six Point Plan"), while the EU
emphasized strong support for Georgia's territorial integrity.
On 15 September, 2008 the European Union Monitoring Mission in Georgia (EUMM) was
established that started its operation on 1 October 2008.
In addition to diplomatic and practical support, Georgia also received signi cant nancial
assistance from the EU after the con ict.
On 15 October 2008, the Geneva negotiations were launched between leaders of the EU, OSCE,
UN, U.S. and representatives from Georgia and Russia. Main subject of the discussion was
stability and security in the region, return of IDPs and refugees based on internationally
recognised principles.
Slide 6
In 2009 Georgia joined the Eastern Partnership Initiative (EaP) that was launched at the Prague
Summit on 7 May, 2009.
The Joint Declaration on Mobility Partnership between Georgia and the 16 EU Member States
was signed on November 30, 2009.
The Mobility Partnership initiative aims to cooperate on migration issues.
The cooperation within the Mobility Partnership initiative promotes legal employment in the EU
countries through so called "circular migration".
Slide 7
Agreement between the European Union and Georgia on the facilitation of the issuance of visas,
which came into force as of 1 March 2011. The purpose of this Agreement is to facilitate the
issuance of visas for an intended stay of no more than 90 days per period of 180 days to the
citizens of Georgia.
Slide 8
This comprehensive air transport agreement will gradually open up and integrate their respective
markets, develop an aviation area with common rules, o er economic bene ts for consumers and
new opportunities for the industry. In parallel to gradually opening up the respective markets, the
agreement also aims to integrate Georgia into a wider Common Aviation Area with the EU.
Slide 9
In 2014, Georgia took a signi cant step towards deeper integration with Europe by signing the
Association Agreement (AA), which also included the Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Area
agreement (DCFTA). This move marked a turning point in EU-Georgia relations. The AA outlined
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commitments for Georgia to align its laws with European standards, known as the Acquis
Communautaire. This alignment not only strengthened ties with the EU but also encouraged
reforms re ecting European values. As a result, the EU became Georgia's foremost trade partner
and the largest contributor, alongside the US, aiding in its development.
Slide 10
On 3 March, 2022, Georgia submitted its application for membership of the European Union.
On 23 June 2022, the European Council recognised the European Perspective for Georgia and
expressed readiness to grant the status of a candidate country to Georgia once the 10 priorities
speci ed in the Commission’s opinion.
These recommendations emphasize the need for Georgia to make signi cant progress in various
areas to align with European standards and values.
Slide 11
On 8 November 2023, the European Commission recommended that that European Council
grants Georgia the status of a candidate country. The Commission published Report on Georgia
together with Key Findings and issued 2023 Communication on EU Enlargement Policy which
outlines 9 steps to be taken by Georgia.
On 14 December 2023, the European Council decided to grant the status of candidate country to
Georgia, on the understanding that the relevant steps set out in the Commission recommendation
of 8 November 2023 are taken.
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