Classifying & Manipulating LT 1.

9 Chemistry
Types of Matter

Pure Substance - • One type of atom present

Elements • Uniform composition
• Cannot be broken down further chemically
• One type of physical and chemical properties
• Examples:
• Cooper, carbon, sulfur, hydrogen, etc…
• ⬤ ⬤
⬤
⬤ ⬤
⬤

Pure Substance - • Two or more atoms chemically combined

Compounds • Cannot be physically separated
• Uniform composition
• Examples:
• Water, sodium chloride, magnesium nitrate
• Draw the atomic level drawing below for a compound:
• ⬤⃝ ⬤⃝
⬤⃝ ⬤⃝
⬤⃝

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 Mixtures - • physically combined
Homogenous • Can be physically seperated
• Two or more pure substances present
• Can’t physically see differences in substances that make up
mixture (looks uniform like a compound)
• Otherwise known as SOLUTIONS!
• Examples:
• Soda, filtered apple juice, tap water
• Draw the atomic level drawing below for a homogenous mixture:

Mixtures - • physically combined

Heterogenous • Can be physically seperated
• Two or more pure substances present
• Can physically see differences in substances that make up
mixture (not uniform composition)
• Examples:
• Taco, salad, iron and water
• Draw the atomic level drawing below for a heterogenous mixture:
• ⬤⃝ ⬤ ⃝
⬤ ⃝⬤

Physical and Chemical • Physical: can be observed without changing the substance
Properties of Matter • Examples: measuring, observing
• Chemical: can’t be observed without changing the chemical
property of the substance
• Examples: reactivity, flammability

Extensive vs. Intensive • Intensive: measurements that are independent on quantity of

Properties of Matter substance
• Examples: density, boiling point, melting point, specific
heat, temperature, color
• Extensive: measurements that change when the size of the
sample changes (dependent on amount of matter)
• Examples: mass, volume, length

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 Physical and Chemical • Physical: substances can change shape, phase but still remains
Changes of Matter that substance chemically
• Examples: boiling water, mixing salt and water
• Chemical: changes substance’s properties into a new set of
properties
• Example: Reacting metal with an acid producing hydrogen
gas and a salt water solution
• Chemical reactions

Metal vs. Nonmetal vs. • Metals:

Semi-metal (Metalloids) • Conduct electricity and heat
• Malleable (can be hammered into thin sheets)
• Most are solids (except Hg, mercury)
• Shiny
• Ductile (can be stretched into thin wire)
• Nonmetals:
• Includes hydrogen in group 1 elements
• Brittle (non malleable or ductile)
• Poor conductors of heat and electricity
• Some are also Liquids (Bromine)
• Semi-metals (Metalloids):
• Partially conductive of electricity and heat
• Used widely in industry (silicon for computer chips)

Label where they are found on the periodic table below:

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