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Viêm Cốt Tủy Xương Hàm
Viêm Cốt Tủy Xương Hàm
Lecturer
Dept of Maxillofacial Surgery
Dept of Oral Pathology
University of Medicine and Pharmacy HCM City
Mục Tiêu
•1. Nêu được đặc điểm lâm sàng, cận lâm sàng và điều
trị của viêm xương hàm
•2. Mô tả được đặc điểm lâm sàng, cận lâm sàng và
điều trị của viêm xương hàm sau xạ trị
•3. Mô tả được đặc điểm lâm sàng, cận lâm sàng và
điều trị của viêm xương hàm do dùng thuốc
Infection-Induced Osteomyelitis
Radiation-Induced Osteonecrosis
Osteomyelitis
and Osteoradionecrosis
Medication-Related Osteonecrosis
Adapted From Michael T. Goupil et al (2016), “Osteomyelitis and Osteonecrosis of The Jaws”. In: James R. Hupp, Elie M.
Ferneini: Head, Neck, And Orofacial Infections: An Interdisciplinary Approach, Elsevier Inc. Missouri, USA. Pp: 222-31.
Adapted from George M. Kushner, Brian Alpert (2011),” Osteomyelitis, Osteoradionecrosis, and BRONJ”, In: Michael
Miloro et al (2011), Peterson’s Principles of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 3rd, People’s Medical Publishing House,
Connecticut, USA. Pp: 861-74.
•- Viêm cốt tuỷ XH ở người lớn: liên quan đến nhiễm trùng
Adapted from George M. Kushner, Brian Alpert (2011),” Osteomyelitis, Osteoradionecrosis, and BRONJ”, In: Michael Miloro et
al (2011), Peterson’s Principles of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 3rd, People’s Medical Publishing House, Connecticut, USA.
Pp: 861-74.
Osteomyelitis- TS.BS. Huỳnh Văn Dương
Pathogenesis
Adapted from George M. Kushner, Brian Alpert (2011),” Osteomyelitis, Osteoradionecrosis, and BRONJ”, In: Michael Miloro et
al (2011), Peterson’s Principles of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 3rd, People’s Medical Publishing House, Connecticut, USA.
Pp: 861-74.
Osteomyelitis- TS.BS. Huỳnh Văn Dương
Microbiology
Adapted from George M. Kushner, Brian Alpert (2011),” Osteomyelitis, Osteoradionecrosis, and BRONJ”, In: Michael Miloro et
al (2011), Peterson’s Principles of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 3rd, People’s Medical Publishing House, Connecticut, USA.
Pp: 861-74.
Osteomyelitis- TS.BS. Huỳnh Văn Dương
Classification
• 1. Acute osteomyelitis
• a. Contiguous focus
• b. Progressive
• c. Hematogenous
• 2. Chronic osteomyelitis
• a. Recurrent multifocal
• b. Garré’s
• c. Suppurative or nonsuppurative
• d. Sclerosing
Adapted from George M. Kushner, Brian Alpert (2011),” Osteomyelitis, Osteoradionecrosis, and BRONJ”, In: Michael Miloro et
al (2011), Peterson’s Principles of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 3rd, People’s Medical Publishing House, Connecticut, USA.
Pp: 861-74.
Osteomyelitis- TS.BS. Huỳnh Văn Dương
Clinical Presentation
•- Đau: Đau thường dạng đau sâu
•- Sưng đỏ: phase viêm cấp vùng xương bên dưới
•- Hạch vùng
•- Sốt: acute osteomyelitis
•- Tê môi dưới: do áp lực
•- Khít hàm: Do cơ cắn
•- Mệt mỏi
•- Dò: chronic phase of osteomyelitis
•- Tốc độ lắng hồng cầu tăng (erythrocyte sedimentation
• rate (ESR)
• - C-reactive protein (CRP) tăng Adapted from Michael Miloro et al (2011)
Adapted from George M. Kushner, Brian Alpert (2011),” Osteomyelitis, Osteoradionecrosis, and BRONJ”, In: Michael Miloro et
al (2011), Peterson’s Principles of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 3rd, People’s Medical Publishing House, Connecticut, USA.
Pp: 861-74.
Osteomyelitis- TS.BS. Huỳnh Văn Dương
Radiography
Adapted From Brian Alpert, George Kushner (2018), “Osteomyelitis and Osteoradionecrosis”. In: Raymond J. Fonseca et al:
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery, Vol 2, 3rd Ed, Elsevier Inc. Missouri, USA. Pp: 575-98.
Radiography
Adapted From Brian Alpert, George Kushner (2018), “Osteomyelitis and Osteoradionecrosis”. In: Raymond J. Fonseca et al:
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery, Vol 2, 3rd Ed, Elsevier Inc. Missouri, USA. Pp: 575-98.
Adapted from George M. Kushner, Brian Alpert (2011),” Osteomyelitis, Osteoradionecrosis, and BRONJ”, In: Michael Miloro et
al (2011), Peterson’s Principles of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 3rd, People’s Medical Publishing House, Connecticut, USA.
Pp: 861-74.
Osteomyelitis- TS.BS. Huỳnh Văn Dương
Surgical Options
Adapted from George M. Kushner, Brian Alpert (2011),” Osteomyelitis, Osteoradionecrosis, and BRONJ”, In: Michael Miloro et
al (2011), Peterson’s Principles of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 3rd, People’s Medical Publishing House, Connecticut, USA.
Pp: 861-74.
Osteomyelitis- TS.BS. Huỳnh Văn Dương
Surgical Options
•- Cắt XH: khi các giải pháp thất bại, gãy xương bệnh lý
Adapted from George M. Kushner, Brian Alpert (2011),” Osteomyelitis, Osteoradionecrosis, and BRONJ”, In: Michael Miloro et
al (2011), Peterson’s Principles of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 3rd, People’s Medical Publishing House, Connecticut, USA.
Pp: 861-74.
Osteomyelitis- TS.BS. Huỳnh Văn Dương
Contiguous Focus
A B
C D
Osteomyelitis- TS.BS. Huỳnh Văn Dương
Contiguous Focus
Adapted from George M. Kushner, Brian Alpert (2011),” Osteomyelitis, Osteoradionecrosis, and BRONJ”, In: Michael Miloro et
al (2011), Peterson’s Principles of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 3rd, People’s Medical Publishing House, Connecticut, USA.
Pp: 861-74.
Osteomyelitis- TS.BS. Huỳnh Văn Dương
Another case
P. Female,
55 year-old
Adapted from George M. Kushner, Brian Alpert (2011),” Osteomyelitis, Osteoradionecrosis, and BRONJ”, In: Michael Miloro et
al (2011), Peterson’s Principles of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 3rd, People’s Medical Publishing House, Connecticut, USA.
Pp: 861-74.
Osteomyelitis- TS.BS. Huỳnh Văn Dương
Recurrent Multifocal
Adapted from George M. Kushner, Brian Alpert (2011),” Osteomyelitis, Osteoradionecrosis, and BRONJ”, In: Michael Miloro
et al (2011), Peterson’s Principles of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 3rd, People’s Medical Publishing House, Connecticut,
USA. Pp: 861-74.
Osteomyelitis- TS.BS. Huỳnh Văn Dương
Radiation-Induced Osteonecrosis
and Osteoradionecrosis
Adapted from Marx RE. Osteoradionecrosis: a new concept of its pathophysiology. J Oral Maxillofac Surg
1983;41:283.
Osteomyelitis- TS.BS. Huỳnh Văn Dương
Osteoradionecrosis: Bệnh sinh
•- Yếu tố khởi phát: nhổ R, chấn thương
•- Hàm giả
•- Tự phát
•- Marx (1983): dạng thiếu oxy (hypoxic), giảm lượng tế
bào (hypocellular), giảm mạch (hypovascular)
•- Fibroatrophic theory: tổn thương Tb nội mô, giải phóng
cytokines & nguyên bào sợi hoạt động bất thường
Adapted From Brian Alpert, George Kushner (2018), “Osteomyelitis and Osteoradionecrosis”. In: Raymond J. Fonseca et al:
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery, Vol 2, 3rd Ed, Elsevier Inc. Missouri, USA. Pp: 575-98.
Osteomyelitis- TS.BS. Huỳnh Văn Dương
Osteoradionecrosis: clinical Features
•- Lộ xương, lỗ dò
•- Khít hàm
•- Suy kiệt
Adapted from George M. Kushner, Brian Alpert (2011),” Osteomyelitis, Osteoradionecrosis, and BRONJ”, In: Michael Miloro et
al (2011), Peterson’s Principles of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 3rd, People’s Medical Publishing House, Connecticut, USA.
Pp: 861-74.
Osteomyelitis- TS.BS. Huỳnh Văn Dương
Osteoradionecrosis
•- Có những bè xương
Adapted from George M. Kushner, Brian Alpert (2011),” Osteomyelitis, Osteoradionecrosis, and BRONJ”, In: Michael Miloro et
al (2011), Peterson’s Principles of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 3rd, People’s Medical Publishing House, Connecticut, USA.
Pp: 861-74.
Osteomyelitis- TS.BS. Huỳnh Văn Dương
Osteoradionecrosis
Adapted From Brian Alpert, George Kushner (2018), “Osteomyelitis and Osteoradionecrosis”. In: Raymond J. Fonseca et al:
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery, Vol 2, 3rd Ed, Elsevier Inc. Missouri, USA. Pp: 575-98.
Osteomyelitis- TS.BS. Huỳnh Văn Dương
Osteoradionecrosis: treatment
•- Dự phòng bệnh là quan trọng nhất
•- Điều trị R miệng, hướng dẫn VSRM trước xạ trị
•- Mục tiêu: loại bỏ mô hoại tử, kích tạo mô lành
•- Cần làm sinh thiết
•- HBO therapy
•+ Diệt khuẩn kỵ khí, tăng tưới máu mô
Adapted From Brian Alpert, George Kushner (2018), “Osteomyelitis and Osteoradionecrosis”. In: Raymond J. Fonseca et al:
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery, Vol 2, 3rd Ed, Elsevier Inc. Missouri, USA. Pp: 575-98.
Osteomyelitis- TS.BS. Huỳnh Văn Dương
Điều Trị Theo Giai Đoạn: Mid-stage
•- Lộ xương nhiều hơn, đau, sưng
•- Chỉ định mở xương, bơm rửa
•- Chlorhexidine gluconate & KS đóng vai trò quan trọng
•- HBO:
•+ BN thở 100% oxygen với áp suất 2 to 3 atm
•+ Marx: HBO trước và sau PT, trước nhổ R
•+ HBO 2h trong 30-40 ngày
•- Dùng thuốc Pentoxifylline:
•+ Thuốc giản mạch, tăng tưới máu xương
•+ Dùng thời gian dài vitamin E
Adapted From Brian Alpert, George Kushner (2018), “Osteomyelitis and Osteoradionecrosis”. In: Raymond J. Fonseca et al:
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery, Vol 2, 3rd Ed, Elsevier Inc. Missouri, USA. Pp: 575-98.
Osteomyelitis- TS.BS. Huỳnh Văn Dương
Osteoradionecrosis: Late-stage
•- Thường khg tái tạo, che phủ thiếu hổng bằng vạt cơ-
Adapted From Brian Alpert, George Kushner (2018), “Osteomyelitis and Osteoradionecrosis”. In: Raymond J. Fonseca et al:
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery, Vol 2, 3rd Ed, Elsevier Inc. Missouri, USA. Pp: 575-98.
Osteomyelitis- TS.BS. Huỳnh Văn Dương
Osteoradionecrosis
Another case
Adapted From Brian Alpert, George Kushner (2018), “Osteomyelitis and Osteoradionecrosis”. In: Raymond J. Fonseca et al:
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery, Vol 2, 3rd Ed, Elsevier Inc. Missouri, USA. Pp: 575-98.
Osteomyelitis- TS.BS. Huỳnh Văn Dương
Osteoradionecrosis
Adapted From Brian Alpert, George Kushner (2018), “Osteomyelitis and Osteoradionecrosis”. In: Raymond J. Fonseca et al:
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery, Vol 2, 3rd Ed, Elsevier Inc. Missouri, USA. Pp: 575-98.
Osteomyelitis- TS.BS. Huỳnh Văn Dương
Another case
Adapted from George M. Kushner, Brian Alpert (2011),” Osteomyelitis, Osteoradionecrosis, and BRONJ”, In: Michael Miloro et
al (2011), Peterson’s Principles of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 3rd, People’s Medical Publishing House, Connecticut, USA. Pp:
861-74.
Osteomyelitis- TS.BS. Huỳnh Văn Dương
Osteomyelitis- TS.BS. Huỳnh Văn Dương
Osteomyelitis- TS.BS. Huỳnh Văn Dương
Medication-Related Osteonecrosis
Adapted From Michael T. Goupil et al (2016), “Osteomyelitis and Osteonecrosis of The Jaws”. In: James R. Hupp, Elie M.
Ferneini: Head, Neck, And Orofacial Infections: An Interdisciplinary Approach, Elsevier Inc. Missouri, USA. Pp: 222-31.
Adapted From Michael T. Goupil et al (2016), “Osteomyelitis and Osteonecrosis of The Jaws”. In: James R. Hupp, Elie M.
Ferneini: Head, Neck, And Orofacial Infections: An Interdisciplinary Approach, Elsevier Inc. Missouri, USA. Pp: 222-31.
•- Đau, sưng
•- Dò mủ
•- X quang:
không rõ
- 85-year-old female
24 tháng sau - using alendronate
- Điều trị nội khoa
Adapted From Michael T. Goupil et al (2016), “Osteomyelitis and Osteonecrosis of The Jaws”. In: James R. Hupp, Elie M.
Ferneini: Head, Neck, And Orofacial Infections: An Interdisciplinary Approach, Elsevier Inc. Missouri, USA. Pp: 222-31.
Adapted From Michael T. Goupil et al (2016), “Osteomyelitis and Osteonecrosis of The Jaws”. In: James R. Hupp, Elie M.
Ferneini: Head, Neck, And Orofacial Infections: An Interdisciplinary Approach, Elsevier Inc. Missouri, USA. Pp: 222-31.
Stage II
3. PT loại bỏ bờ xương bén nhọn
4. KS toàn thân
Adapted From Michael T. Goupil et al (2016), “Osteomyelitis and Osteonecrosis of The Jaws”. In: James R. Hupp, Elie M.
Ferneini: Head, Neck, And Orofacial Infections: An Interdisciplinary Approach, Elsevier Inc. Missouri, USA. Pp: 222-31.
Stage III
3. PT loại bỏ mô nhiễm trùng, cắt xương,
tái tạo mô
4. KS toàn thân
Adapted From Michael T. Goupil et al (2016), “Osteomyelitis and Osteonecrosis of The Jaws”. In: James R. Hupp, Elie M.
Ferneini: Head, Neck, And Orofacial Infections: An Interdisciplinary Approach, Elsevier Inc. Missouri, USA. Pp: 222-31.
• - Bisphosphonates:
• + Dùng điều trị bệnh ác tính: multiple myeloma &
metastatic disease, breast cancer
• + Xương dừng hay hoạt động chậm
• + Giảm hiện tượng tái tạo xương
Adapted from George M. Kushner, Brian Alpert (2011),” Osteomyelitis, Osteoradionecrosis, and BRONJ”, In: Michael Miloro et
al (2011), Peterson’s Principles of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 3rd, People’s Medical Publishing House, Connecticut, USA. Pp:
861-74.
Osteomyelitis- TS.BS. Huỳnh Văn Dương
Bisphosphonate-Related Osteonecrosis
Adapted from George M. Kushner, Brian Alpert (2011),” Osteomyelitis, Osteoradionecrosis, and BRONJ”, In: Michael Miloro et
al (2011), Peterson’s Principles of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 3rd, People’s Medical Publishing House, Connecticut, USA. Pp:
861-74.
Osteomyelitis- TS.BS. Huỳnh Văn Dương
BRONJ: Tiêu chuẩn chẩn đoán
Không có xạ trị
Adapted from George M. Kushner, Brian Alpert (2011),” Osteomyelitis, Osteoradionecrosis, and BRONJ”, In: Michael Miloro et
al (2011), Peterson’s Principles of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 3rd, People’s Medical Publishing House, Connecticut, USA. Pp:
861-74.
Osteomyelitis- TS.BS. Huỳnh Văn Dương
Bisphosphonate-Related Osteonecrosis
Adapted from George M. Kushner, Brian Alpert (2011),” Osteomyelitis, Osteoradionecrosis, and BRONJ”, In: Michael Miloro et
al (2011), Peterson’s Principles of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 3rd, People’s Medical Publishing House, Connecticut, USA. Pp:
861-74.
Osteomyelitis- TS.BS. Huỳnh Văn Dương
Initiate Bisphosphonate Therapy
•- Trước dùng thuốc, cần đánh giá tình trạng R miệng như
người xạ trị
Adapted from George M. Kushner, Brian Alpert (2011),” Osteomyelitis, Osteoradionecrosis, and BRONJ”, In: Michael Miloro et
al (2011), Peterson’s Principles of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 3rd, People’s Medical Publishing House, Connecticut, USA. Pp:
861-74.
Osteomyelitis- TS.BS. Huỳnh Văn Dương
Initiate Bisphosphonate Therapy
Adapted from George M. Kushner, Brian Alpert (2011),” Osteomyelitis, Osteoradionecrosis, and BRONJ”, In: Michael Miloro et
al (2011), Peterson’s Principles of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 3rd, People’s Medical Publishing House, Connecticut, USA. Pp:
861-74.
Osteomyelitis- TS.BS. Huỳnh Văn Dương
Patients Receiving Oral Bisphosphonates
•- Thuốc uống kéo dài trên 3 năm thường gây biến chứng
Adapted from George M. Kushner, Brian Alpert (2011),” Osteomyelitis, Osteoradionecrosis, and BRONJ”, In: Michael Miloro et
al (2011), Peterson’s Principles of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 3rd, People’s Medical Publishing House, Connecticut, USA. Pp:
861-74.
Osteomyelitis- TS.BS. Huỳnh Văn Dương
Patients Receiving Oral Bisphosphonates
PT miệng
Adapted from George M. Kushner, Brian Alpert (2011),” Osteomyelitis, Osteoradionecrosis, and BRONJ”, In: Michael Miloro et
al (2011), Peterson’s Principles of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 3rd, People’s Medical Publishing House, Connecticut, USA. Pp:
861-74.
Osteomyelitis- TS.BS. Huỳnh Văn Dương
Patients Receiving Oral Bisphosphonates
stage 0
Adapted from George M. Kushner, Brian Alpert (2011),” Osteomyelitis, Osteoradionecrosis, and BRONJ”, In: Michael Miloro et
al (2011), Peterson’s Principles of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 3rd, People’s Medical Publishing House, Connecticut, USA. Pp:
861-74.
Osteomyelitis- TS.BS. Huỳnh Văn Dương
Patients Receiving Oral Bisphosphonates
stage
1 Theo dõi chặc chẽ, VSRM kỹ
Adapted from George M. Kushner, Brian Alpert (2011),” Osteomyelitis, Osteoradionecrosis, and BRONJ”, In: Michael Miloro et
al (2011), Peterson’s Principles of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 3rd, People’s Medical Publishing House, Connecticut, USA. Pp:
861-74.
Osteomyelitis- TS.BS. Huỳnh Văn Dương
Patients Receiving Oral Bisphosphonates
Adapted from George M. Kushner, Brian Alpert (2011),” Osteomyelitis, Osteoradionecrosis, and BRONJ”, In: Michael Miloro et
al (2011), Peterson’s Principles of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 3rd, People’s Medical Publishing House, Connecticut, USA. Pp:
861-74.
Osteomyelitis- TS.BS. Huỳnh Văn Dương
Patients Receiving Oral Bisphosphonates
Adapted from George M. Kushner, Brian Alpert (2011),” Osteomyelitis, Osteoradionecrosis, and BRONJ”, In: Michael Miloro et
al (2011), Peterson’s Principles of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 3rd, People’s Medical Publishing House, Connecticut, USA. Pp:
861-74.
Osteomyelitis- TS.BS. Huỳnh Văn Dương
Stage 3
Adapted from George M. Kushner, Brian Alpert (2011),” Osteomyelitis, Osteoradionecrosis, and BRONJ”, In: Michael Miloro et
al (2011), Peterson’s Principles of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 3rd, People’s Medical Publishing House, Connecticut, USA. Pp:
861-74.
Osteomyelitis- TS.BS. Huỳnh Văn Dương
Stage 3