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2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25

2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
26
28
30
32
34
36
38
40
42
44
46
48
50

3
6
9
12
15
18
21
24
27
30
33
36
39
42
45
48
51
54
57
60
63
66
69
72
75

5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
105
110
115
120
125

6
12
18
24
30
36
42
48
54
60
66
72
78
84
90
96
102
108
114
120
126
132
138
144
150

7
14
21
28
35
42
49
56
63
70
77
84
91
98
105
112
119
126
133
140
147
154
161
168
175

8
16
24
32
40
48
56
64
72
80
88
96
104
112
120
128
136
144
152
160
168
176
184
192
200

9
18
27
36
45
54
63
72
81
90
99
108
117
126
135
144
153
162
171
180
189
198
207
216
225

10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
160
170
180
190
200
210
220
230
240
250

11
22
33
44
55
66
77
88
99
110
121
132
143
154
165
176
187
198
209
220
231
242
253
264
275

12
24
36
48
60
72
84
96
108
120
132
144
156
168
180
192
204
216
228
240
252
264
276
288
300

13
26
39
52
65
78
91
104
117
130
143
156
168
182
195
208
221
234
247
260
273
286
299
312
325

14
28
42
56
70
84
98
112
126
140
154
168
182
196
210
224
238
152
266
280
294
308
322
336
350

15
30
45
60
75
90
105
120
135
150
165
180
195
210
225
240
255
270
285
300
315
330
345
360
375

16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
256
272
288
304
320
336
352
368
384
400

17
34
51
68
85
102
119
136
153
170
187
204
221
238
255
272
289
306
323
340
357
374
391
408
425

18
36
54
72
90
108
126
144
162
180
198
216
234
252
270
288
306
324
342
360
378
396
414
432
450

19
38
57
76
95
114
133
152
171
190
209
228
247
266
285
304
323
342
361
380
399
408
437
456
475

20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
280
300
320
340
360
380
400
420
440
460
480
500

21
42
63
84
105
126
147
168
189
210
231
252
273
294
315
336
357
378
399
420
441
462
483
504
525

22
44
66
88
110
132
154
176
198
220
242
264
286
308
330
352
374
396
418
440
462
484
506
228
550

23
46
69
92
115
138
161
184
207
230
253
276
299
322
345
368
391
414
437
460
483
506
529
552
575

24
48
72
96
120
144
168
192
216
240
264
288
312
336
360
384
408
432
456
480
504
528
552
576
600

25
50
75
100
125
150
175
200
225
250
475
300
325
350
375
400
425
450
475
500
525
550
575
600
625

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4
8
12
16
20
24
28
32
36
40
44
48
52
56
60
64
68
72
76
80
84
88
92
96
100

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