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 14 \hw_À ]pkvX-Iw e¡w
2020
hne: ` 20 65 6 FUn-äÀ:
kn.-]n. sskX-ehn

k_v FUntägvkv:
hn.-sI. kptcjv
]n.-Fw. -P-b³
{]q^v:
N{µ³ ]q¡mSv
teþHu«v & IhÀ Unssk³:
sI.-hn. Akvew \Sp-¡c

`£y-a-cp-`q-an-IÄ
10 D-­m-Ip¶Xv 26 {Sw- ]v t]m-bmepw
hw-io-b-X Xp-S-cpw 42 Rm³ ap-t¶m-«p-sh-¨
Bi-bw Aw-Ko-I-cn-¨p
A-tim-IIp-amÀ hn. tPk¬ Ìm³en I-gnªp
sI.C.F³/ [-\{io
tImÀ-¸-td-äv ap-X-em-fn-¯w `-£y-ta-J-e tb bq-Wn-th-gv-kn-än(Yale Universi-
Ip-¯-Im-h-Im-i-am-¡n B-tKm-f `-£y-hnX- ty)-bn-se ^n-te-m-k-^n A-[ym-]-I-\pw
kzXzcm-{ão-bw D-bÀ-¯n-¸n-Sn-¡p-¶h-sc
c-W irw-J-e-IÄ tImÀ-¯nW-¡n sIm-Å- How Fascism Works: The politics of US and
F-{XX-s¶ F-XnÀ-¯mepw hn-aÀ-in-¨mepw
em-`w sIm-bvXp-sIm-@p t]m-Ip-t¼mÄ them F-¶ ]p-kv-X-I-¯n-sâ c-N-bn-Xm-
h-kv-Xp-X-IÄ CÃm-Xm-hn-sÃ-¶v B-hÀ-
cq-]-s¸-Sp-¶ `-£y-a-cp-`q-an-I-sf-¡p-dn-¨mWv hp-amb tPk¬ Ìm³en ¯n-¡p-I-bm-Wv sI.C.F³ Ip-ª-
Cu te-J\w. \-½p-sS P-\Io-b `-£y A-ta-cn-¡³ sX-c-sª-Sp-¸n-s\bpw l-½Zv.
hnX-c-W irw-J-e-IÄ Xn-cn-¨p]n-Sn-t¡-@ `m-hn-sb-bpw Ip-dn-¨v kw-km-cn-¡p¶p.
B-h-iy-I-X-sb te-J-I³ Nq-@n-¡m-«p¶p.
H¸w Cu-bn-sS C-´y-bn ]m-Êm¡n-b
ImÀ-jn-I-\nb-aw `-£y-ta-Je-sb X-IÀ-¡p-
¶-sX-§-s\-sb¶pw ]cn-tim-[n-¡p¶p.

bm{X IY IhnX
52 GX³- kn-te-¡v aS¡w
G.-Iyq. alvZn
64 sUtkÀ«v k^mcn
a[p Xrs¸cp´pd
8 @ ¼
{]-tam-Zv sI.Fw

75 Hä
hnae ]n

Ip«n-I-fpsS t\mhÂ
76 \oen- a-bpsS
bm{X-IÄ ]wàn
cm-[m-Ir-jv-W³ F-S-t¨cn Zni
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N{µnI BgvN-¸-Xn-¸v
]n.-_n. \¼À: 64, YMCA tdmUv 0495-þ2766032, 0495þ2765950 chandrikaweeklynew@gmail.com
tImgn-t¡m-Svþ673001 2767040, 2765122

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tImgn-t¡mSvþ673001

sN¯n an\p¡nb IY
d^oJv Xdbn ¯v tbiptZhsâ ]ndhnbdnªp hcp¶ _m
1051 Riverside Drive. ¯mkÀ, taÂt¡mÀ, Kmkvs]À F¶o
cmPm¡·mcpsS kmao]yw (IYbn A¿¦mfn,
New Yorks Pychitaric Institute Awt_Zv-IÀ, amÀ«n³ eqYÀ InwKv F¶n
New York hscbmWv Fgp¯pImc³ Dt±in¨ncn¡pI)
HmÀan¸n¡pamdv aq¶mfpsS kmao]yw,
Benebpw B¯dbpw s]¬Ip«n FgpXn

^m
hbn sN¯n an\p
¡nsbSp¯ kp`mjv
âknbpw an¯pw th@
tNcp
shbv¡p¶ ]men`mjbpw, _p²sâ ZÀi\

H«pw]pd¯nsâ "D¶Xn
bpsS kmaqly A´À
hym]\§Ä' F¶ IY
aebmf kmlnXy¯nÂ
Hcp apX¡q«mWv. e
fnXhpw at\mlchpamb
`mjsIm@v hmb\¡m
sc AÛpXs¸Sp¯p¶
ssienbpsS DSabmWv
Cu Fgp¯pImc³.
an¯pw, ^mâknbpw,
sskt¡mfPnbpw tNÀ
¯v \sÃmcp hncp¶m
bncp¶p N{µnIbnse
Cu IY. Ahkm\ `mK

4 14 \hw_À 2020

Ct¶hsc ImWm¯ {]tabw
sIm@v B[p\nI aebmf kmln
Xy¯n DbÀ¶p \n¡p¶p Cu
Fgp¯pImcsâ IYIÄ. at\m
lcamb Nn{X§ÄsIm@v hm-
b\¡mcs\ s]s«¶v IYbnte¡v
Bhmln¸m³ hncps¶mcp¡nb
N{µnI, aebmf kmlnXy¯nÂ
DbÀ¶phcp¶ ]pXnb Fgp¯pIm-
sc ssI]nSn¨pbÀ¯p¶XnÂ
kt´mjap@v.
hpw tbiptZhsâ ZÀi\hpw Hcpan¨p IYbnÂ
sIm@ph¶v BßobXbpsS I¬sh«¯p
\n¶pw A¸pd¯v sIms@¯n¡p¶ Hc
]qÀh amPn¡mWv Cu IY. ZfnXv/ Xmgv-¶
PmXn F¶Xns\¡pdn¨v Zn\m´w Nn´n¨p
Pohn¡p¶ BfpIÄ XoÀ¨bmbpw Cu
IYhmbn¡Ww. amPn¡Â dnbenkw F¶Xv
F´msW¶v ]Tn¡p¶ kmlnXyhnZymÀYnIÄ
{]tXyIn¨pw. Ct¶hsc ImWm¯ {]tabw
sIm@v B[p\nI aebmf kmlnXy¯nÂ
DbÀ¶p \n¡p¶p Cu Fgp¯pImcsâ
IYIÄ. at\mlcamb Nn{X§ÄsIm@v
hmb\¡mcs\ s]s«¶v IYbnte¡v
Bhmln¸m³ DXInb Nn{X§sf sIm@v
hncps¶mcp¡nb N{µnI, aebmf
kmlnXy¯n DbÀ¶phcp¶ ]pXnb
Fgp¯pImsc ssI]nSn¨pbÀ¯p¶XnÂ
kt´mjap@v. CXpt]mse at\mlcamb
IYIÄ C\nbpw N{µnIbn hcpsa¶v {]
Xo£n¡p¶p.
]pkv-XIhnhc§Ä
kamlcn¡p¶p
aebmf¯n {]kn²oIrXambn«pÅ
Ne¨n{X kw_Ônbmb {KÙ§fpsS
ka{Kamb {KÙkqNn tIcf kwØm\
Ne¨n{X A¡mZanbpsS 2020 se KthjW
s^temjnt¸msS X¿mdm¡p¶p. hnhc
kamlcWw, hniIe\w, {KÙkqNn \nÀ
amWw ChbpsS ASnØm\¯n aebmf
Ne¨n{X kmlnXy cwKs¯ s]mXp{]
14 \hw_À 2020
ww.facebook.com/Chandrikaweekly
hWXIÄ Is@¯pIbmWv Dt±iyw.
Ncn{Xw, kmt¦XnIX, Xnc¡YIfpw ]T\
hpw, kn\nam \ncq]Ww, Ne¨n{X kwKoXw,
kwkvImc ]T\w, BßIY, PohNcn{Xw,
HmÀa, A`napJw, Xmc]T\w, UbdÎdnIÄ,
teJ\, Km\ kamlmc§Ä, BßIY, Poh
Ncn{Xw, kmlnXy¯n \n¶p kn\nabnte
¡pw kn\nabn \n¶v kmlnXy¯nte¡pw
A\phÀ¯\w (adaptation) sN¿s¸« IrXnIÄ,
aäpÅh... XpS§n aebmf¯n ]pkvXI§
fmbpw kÀhIemimem KthjW (]n F¨v
Un) {]_Ô§fmbpw {]kn²oIcn¨n«pÅ
Ne¨n{X {KÙ§fpsS ]pkv X I kw_
Ônbmb hnhc§fmWv tiJcn¡pI.
]pkv - X Ihnhc§Ä ssIamdm³ _
Ôs¸SpI: Ipcy³ sI tXmakv, ({]kn²oIc
W hn`mKw dn«. UbdÎÀ, almßmKmÔn
kÀhIemimem), Icn¼\¯dbnÂ, aWÀ
ImSv , tIm«bw- 686 019, tIcf (t^m¬
9447912448; Cu sabn kuriankthomas242@
gmail.com)
am¸n-f-Iem A¡m-Zan
]pc-kvIm-cw
kmwkvIm-cnI hIp-¸n\v Iogn alm-Ihn
tambn³Ip«n sshZyÀ kvamcIw Øm]n-¡-s¸-
«Xv 1999-em-Wv. sshZyÀ kvamc-Is¯ kÀ¡mÀ
am¸n-f-Iem A¡m-Z-an-bmbn DbÀ¯n-bXv 2013-
em-Wv. ]n¶n« Ggp-hÀj-§-fn (2013 P\p-hcn
apXÂ 2019 Unkw_À 31 hsc) BZy-]-Xn-¸mbn
{]kn-²o-I-cn¨ am¸n-f-¸m-«v, am¸n-f-km-ln-Xyw,
am¸n-f-I-e-IÄ F¶n-hsb kw_-Ôn¨ IrXn-
IÄ am¸n-f-Iem A¡m-Zan ]pc-kvIm-c-¯n-
\mbn £Wn-¡p-¶p.
{KÙ-IÀ¯m¡Ät¡m Ah-cpsS _Ôp-
¡Ät¡m kplr- ¯ p- ¡ Ät¡m {]km- [ -
IÀt¡m ]pc-kvIm-c-¯n\v ]cn-K-Wn-¡m-\pÅ
]pkvX-I-§Ä kaÀ¸n-¡mw. aq¶p-tIm-¸n-IÄ
Ab¡-Ww. Ah-km-\-Xn-¿Xn Unkw-_À
A©v. hnemkw: sk{I-«-dn, alm-Ihn tambn³
Ip«n sshZyÀ am¸n-f-Iem A¡m-Z-an, sImt@m
«n ]n H, ae-¸pdw PnÃ, 673638, t^m¬: 0483
2711432.
AhmÀUv Xp-Ibpw km£y-]{- Xhpw IoÀ¯n-
ap-{Zbpw AS-§p¶ ]pc-kvImcw 2020 se
sshZyÀ atlm-Õ-h-¯n-Â k½m-\n-¡pw.
5
A-_q-Pp-am³
Zni
A
{]-k¶-Xm l-kv-X-Zm-\w
- _ q- Z Àdv v D- ² - c n- ¡ p¶p.
{]-hm-N-I³ ]-dªp:
""kÂ- ¡ À- a - § - f nÂ
H-¶n-s\bpw A-h-K-Wn-¡-
cpXv. {]-k-¶am-b ap-J-t¯m-sS \n-sâ k-tlm-
Zc-s\ k-ao-]n¡p-I F-¶Xp-t]m-epw.''
_À-dmAvv {]-hm-N-I-\n \n-¶v D-²-cn-¡p¶p:
""c-@p-t]À I-@p-ap-«p-Ibpw A-hÀ l-kv-X-
Zm-\w \-S-¯p-Ibpw sN-bv-Xm A-hÀ ]n-cn-bp-
¶-Xn-\p ap-¼v A-h-cp-sS ]m-]-§Ä s]m-dp-¡-
s¸-Spw.''
A-Xn-YnI-sf am-\n¡pI
{]-hm-N-I-\n \n-¶v A-_q-lp-dbv-d D-²-cn-
¡p¶p:
""ssZ-h-¯nepw A-´y-Zn-\-¯nepw hn-iz-kn-
¡p-¶-hÀ X-sâ A-Xn-Yn-sb am-\n¨p-sIm-Ås«.
ssZ-h-¯nepw A-´y-Zn-\-¯nepw hn-iz-kn-¡p-
¶-hÀ Ip-Spw-__-Ôw tNÀ¯p-sIm-Ås«.
ssZ-h-¯nepw A-´y-Zn-\-¯nepw hn-iz-kn-¡p-
¶-hÀ \Ã-Xp kw-km-cn-¡s«. A-sÃ-¦n an-
@m-Xn-cn-¡s«.''
Im-äv
{]-hm-N-I-\n \n-¶v A-_q-lp-d-bv-d D-²-cn-
¡p¶p:
""Im-äv ssZ-hm-\p-{K-l-§-fnÂ-s¸-«-XmWv.
A-Xv A-\p-{K-lhpw in-£bpw sIm-@p-h-cpw.
Im-än-s\ \n-§Ä Ip-ä-s¸-Sp-¯-cpXv. a-dn-¨v \n-
§Ä ssZ-h-t¯m-Sv A-Xn-sâ \· tNm-Zn¡p-I;
A-Xn-sâ D-]-{Z-h-¯n \n-¶v A`-bw tX-Sp-
Ibpw sN-¿pI.''
{]- h m- N - I ]- X v - \ n B- C - i ]- d - b p¶p:
""D-{Kam-b Im-äp ho-ip-t¼mÄ {]-hm-N-I³
]-d-bm-dp-@m-bn-cp¶p: A-Xn-sâ \-·bpw A-Xn-
6 14 \hw_À 2020
\m D-@m-Im³ km-[y-X-bp-Å \-·bpw
A-Xn-s\ A-b-¡-s¸-«n-«p-Å-Xn-sâ \-·bpw
ssZh-ta \n-t¶m-Sp Rm³ tNm-Zn-¡p¶p. A-Xn-
sâ D-]-{Z-h-¯n \n¶pw A-Xn-\m-ep-@m-hm³
km-[y-Xb- p-Å hn-]¯
- p-If
- n \n¶pw A-Xn-s\
G-Xp \m-i-¯n-\p th-@nbmtWm A-b-¨n-«pÅ-
Xv B \m-i-¯n \n¶pw \m-Ym Rm-³
\n-t¶m-Sv ic-Ww tX-Sp¶p.''
sIm-¶-h\pw sImÃ-s¸-«-h\pw
in£
A-_q _-dI-Xv {]-hm-N-I-\n \n-¶v D-²-
cn-¡p¶p:
""c-@p t]À hm-sf-Sp-¯v ]-c-kv-]-c bp-²w
sN-bv-Xm sIm-¶-h\pw sImÃ-s¸-«-h\pw
\-c-Im-h-Im-in-bmWv.'' A-_q _-dI-Xv tNm-
Zn¨p: ""{]-hm-N-Itc, sIm-¶h-sâ Imcyw a-\-
Ên-em-¡mw. A-h³ sIm-e-]mX-Iw F-¶ Ip-äw
sN-bv-X-h-\mWv. sImÃ-s¸-«h-sâ Imcytam?''
{]- h m- N - I ³ ]dªp: ''A- h ³ a- ä h- s \
sImÃm³ Xo-{h-am-bn B-{K-ln-¨n-cp¶p.''
ssZ-hw t\m-¡p-I cq-]-¯n-te-¡Ã
A-_q-lp-dbv-d {]-hm-N-I-\n \n-¶v D-²-cn-
¡p¶p:
""ssZ-hw t\m¡p-I \n-§-fp-sS i-co-c-¯n-
tet¡m _m-ly-cq-]-¯n-tet¡m AÃ. A-h³-
t\m-¡p¶-Xv \n-§-fp-sS lr-Z-b-¯n-te-¡mWv.''
D-t±iyw {]-[m-\w
D-aÀ C-_v-\p J-¯m-_v {]-hm-N-I-\n \n-
¶v D-²-cn-¡p¶p:
""{]-hÀ-¯-\-§Ä D-t±-iy-a-\p-k-cn-¨mWv.
Hm-tcm-cp-¯À¡pw A-hÀ F-´p-t±-in¨pthm
A-Xp e-`n-¡pw. sFln-I em-`tam hn-hm-ltam
D-t±-in-¨v tZ-i-Xym-Kw sN-¿p-¶h-\v A-Xv e-`n-
 Xncp-sam-gn-IÄ
¡pw. ssZ-hs¯tbm ssZ-h-Zq-Xs\tbm Imw-
£n-¨p tZ-i-Xym-Kw sN-¿p-¶-h³ A-XnÂ
F-¯n-t¨-cpw. F-´n-te¡mtWm Hm-tcm-cp-
¯cpw ]-emb-\w sN-¿p¶-Xv A-XmWv Hm-tcm-
cp-¯À¡pw e-`n-¡p-I.
Ir-jn
{]-hm-N-I-\n \n-¶v in-jy³ A\-kv D-²-
cn-¡p¶p:
""ssZh-s¯ A-\p-k-cn-¨v Po-hn-¡p-¶ H-cmÄ
sN-Sn \-Sp-Itbm Ir-jn C-d-¡p-Itbm sN-bvXp.
F-¶n-«v A-Xn \n-¶v ]-£n-Ifpw ar-K-§fpw
`-£n¨p. F-¦n A-Xv B hy-àn-¡v H-cp
[À-a-am-bn-¯o-cpw.'' Pm-_nÀ \n-thZ-\w sNbv-X
h-N-\-¯n C-Xp Iq-Sn-bp@v: ""A-Xn \n-¶v
tam-ãn-¡-s¸-«Xpw Zm-\-am-bn ]-cn-K-Wn-¡-s¸-
Spw.''
G-I i-co-cw t]m-se
\p-Av-am-\p-_v-\p _-ioÀ {]-hm-N-I-\n \n-
¶v D-²-cn-¡p¶p:
""]-c-kv-]-c kv-t\lw, Im-cp-Wyw, k-lm-\p-
`q-Xn F-¶n-h-bn k-Xy-hn-izm-kn-IÄ G-I
i-co-cw t]m-se-bm-Ip-¶p. i-co-c-¯n-sâ H-c-h-
b-h-¯n-\v tcm-Kw _m-[n-¨m a-ä-h-b-h-§Ä
FÃmw B th-Z-\-bn ]-¦p-tN-cp¶p. ]-\n-¡p-
Ibpw Dd-¡-sam-gn-bp-Ibpw sN-¿p¶p.''
A-kq-bbpw G-j-Wnbpw
A-_q-lp-d-bv-d {]-hm-N-I-\n \n-¶v D-²-cn-
¡p¶p:
""\n-§Ä A-kqb-sb kq-£n-¡p-I. Imc-Ww
Akq-b FÃm \-·-I-sfbpw Xn-¶p I-f-bpw.
Xo hn-d-In-s\ F¶ t]mse.''
lp-ssZ-^ {]-hm-N-I-\n \n-¶v D-²-cn-
¡p¶p:
""G-j-Wn-¡m-c³ kzÀ-K-¯n {]-th-in-¡p-
61
I-bnÃ.''
hn-Zy
A-_q lp-dbv-d {]-hm-N-I-\n \n-¶v D-²-
cn-¡p¶p:
14 \hw_À 2020
""H-cmÄ A-dn-hv tX-Sn-s¡m-@v H-cp h-gn-bnÂ
{]-th-in-¨m ssZ-hw Ah-\v kzÀ-K-¯n-te-
¡p-Å h-gn F-fp-¸-am-¡n-s¡m-Sp-¡pw.''
{]-hm-NI-sâ a-säm-cp hN\w:
""ssN-\-bnÂ-t¸m-bn-«m-sW-¦nepw \n-§Ä
hn-Zy I-c-Ø-am-¡pI.''
ac-Ww B-{K-ln-¡-cp-Xv
{]-hm-N-I-\n \n-¶v A-_q-lp-dbv-d D-²-cn-
¡p¶p:
""\n-§Ä ac-Ww B-{K-ln-¡-cpXv. \n-§Ä
\-· sN-¿p-¶ B-fm-sW-¦n Iq-Sp-X \-·
sN-¿m³ \n-§Ä-¡v A-hk-cw e-`n-¡pw. \n-§Ä
Xn-· sN-¿p-¶ B-fm-sW-¦n ]-Ým-¯-]
n-¡m³ km-[n-t¨-¡pw.''
Xn-·-bp-sS hn-ln-Xw
{]-hm-N-I-\n \n-¶v A-ÐpÃm-lv D-²-cn-
¡p¶p:
""A-\ym-b-am-bn G-sXm-cmÄ h-[n-¡-s¸-«mepw
B Ip-ä-Ir-Xy-¯n H-cp ]-¦v B-Z-an-sâ B-Zy-
]p-{X-\v e-`n-¡p-¶-XmWv. Imc-Ww `q-an-bnÂ
B-Zy-s¯ sIm-e-]mX-Iw \-S-¯nb-Xv A-h
\mWv.''
A-h-\-h-\p-th-@n B-{K-ln-¡p¶-Xv
A-]-c\pw
{]-hm-N-I-\n \n-¶v A\-kv D-²-cn-¡p¶p:
""\n-§Ä \n-§Ä-¡p-th-@n B-{K-ln-¡p¶-
Xv \n-§-fp-sS k-tlmZ-\v th-@nbpw B-{K-ln-
¡p¶-Xp h-sc \n-§Ä k-Xy-hn-izm-kn B-hp-
I-bnÃ.''
G-ähpw an-I¨-Xv
A-ÐpÃm-ln-_v-\p Aw-dv D-²-cn-¡p¶p.
H-cmÄ {]-hmN-I-t\m-Sv tNm-Zn¨p: ""C-kv-em-
an G-Xp Im-cy-am-Wv G-ähpw an-I-¨-Xm-bn-«p-
ÅXvv?''
{]-hm-N-I³ a-dp]-Sn ]dªp: ""`£-Ww \
ÂIÂ. ]n-s¶ ]-cn-N-b-ap-Å-hÀ¡pw CÃm-¯-
hÀ¡pw k-am-[m-\ A-`n-hmZyw t\cÂ.''
7
 IhnX

{]-tam-Zv sI.Fw

@ ¼
F- sâ `m-cy-bv-¡m-sW-¦nÂ
sh-@-bv-¡ th-t@ th-@!
F-\n-¡m-sW-¦n th-@,
sh-@-bv-¡-bn-Ãm -km-¼mÀ.

sh-@-bv-¡ I-@mÂ-¯-s¶
A-hÄ-t¡m-¡m-\w h-cpw
I-gn-¨p-sh-¦nÂ-¸n-s¶
Im-cy-ta ]-d-tb-@!

sh-@-bv-¡-bn-Sm-Xp-Å km-¼m-dm km-¼m-sd-¶v

sXm-@- Io-dn-s¡m-@-hÄ ]-d-bm-dp-s@-t¸m-gpw

8 14 \hw_À 2020
sh-@-bv-¡-bn-«n-sÃ-¦n km-¼m-dv km-¼m-tdm-sb-
¶p-@p ssI-I-gp-Ip-t¼mÄ tNm-Zn-¡m-dp-@o Rm-\pw.

hn-ip-²-sh-@-bv-¡-sb ap-dn-¨p I-dn-sh-¡p-

¶-Xp ]m-]-sa-¶-hÄ-¡m-bn-Ã sX-fn-bn-¡m³.
km-¼m-dn³ hn-ip-²n-sb sh-@-bv-¡ X-IÀ-¯n-Spw
F-¶p hm-Zn-s¨-¦n-ep-am-bn-Ã P-bn-¡p-hm³.

A-Xn-\m ho-«n \-½Ä

km-¼m-dp sh-¡p-t¶-cw
sh-@-bv-¡ th-sd-¯-s¶
th-hn-¨p sh-¡m-dm-Wv.

sh-@-bv-¡ I-e-cm-¯ km-¼m-d-hÄ Iq-«-t«

sh-@-bv-¡ h-gp-¡p-¶ km-¼m-dp Rm-\pw Iq-«mw.

14 \hw_À 2020
9
A-tim-IIp-amÀ hn.

tem I
- ¯- n-se G-äh - pw h-en-b
d- k v - t äm- d â v irw- J - e -
bm-b a-Iv-sUm-WmÄ-Uv-
kv ^p-Ín \n-¶v H-cp sN-dp-¸-¡m-c³ 30 Zn-h-
kw (2003 s^-{_p-h-cn H-¶p-ap-XÂ ap-XÂ
amÀ-¨v c@p-h-sc) {]m-X-epw D-¨-`-£-W-hpw
A-¯m-g-hpw I-gn-¨ I-Y-]-d-bp-¶ tUm-Iyp-saâ-
dn-bm-Wv "F-s¶ s]m-®-¯-Sn-b-\m-¡p-I'(Super
Size Me ). ^m-Ìv ^p-Uv hy-h-km-bw X-sâ i-co-
c-¯n-epw a-\-Ên-epw H-scm-ä am-kw sIm@v
F-s´-´p am-ä-§-fp@m-¡n F-¶v tem-I-k-a-
£w A-dn-bn-¡m³, C-§-s\ kz-bw Kn-\n-]-¶n
B-bn am-dn-b-Xv A-ta-cn-¡³ tUm-Iyp-saâ-dn
kw- h n- [ m- b - I - \ m- b tamÀ- K ³ kv - ] nÀ- t em-
Iv(Morgan Spurlock) B-Wv. G-ä-hpw \-Ã I-tY-X-c
Nn-{X-¯n-\p-Å A-¡m-Z-an A-hmÀ-Un-\v th@n
t\m-an-t\-äv sN-¿-s¸-Sp-I F-¶ _-lp-a-Xn-bpw
ssd-tä-gv-kv KnÂ-Uv Hm-^v A-ta-cn-¡-bp-sS G-ä-
hpw an-I-¨ tUm-Iyp-saâ-dn Xn-c-¡-Y-bv-¡p-Å
A-hmÀ-Upw a-äp {]-ap-J ]p-c-kv-¡m-c-§-fpw 'F-
s¶ s]m-®-¯-Sn-b-\m-¡p-I' t\-Sp-I-bp@m-bn.
\n-c-h-[n B-fp-IÄ I@Xp-h-gn G-ä-hpw Iq-Sp-
XÂ km-¼-¯n-I h-cp-am-\-hpw D@m-¡n-b I-tY-

`£y-a-cp-`q-an-IÄ
D-­m-Ip¶Xv
tImÀ-¸-td-äv ap-X-em-fn-¯w `-£y-ta-J-e Ip-¯-Im-h-Im-i-am-¡n B-tKm-f
`-£y-hnX-c-W irw-J-e-IÄ tImÀ-¯nW-¡n sIm-Å-em-`w sIm-bvXp-sIm-@p
t]m-Ip-t¼mÄ cq-]-s¸-Sp-¶ `-£y-a-cp-`q-an-I-sf-¡p-dn-¨mWv Cu te-J\w. \-½p-sS
P-\Io-b `-£y hnX-c-W irw-J-e-IÄ Xn-cn-¨p]n-Sn-t¡-@ B-h-iy-I-X-sb te-
J-I³ Nq-@n-¡m-«p¶p. H¸w Cu-bn-sS C-´y-bn ]m-Êm¡n-b ImÀ-jn-I-
\nb-aw `-£y-ta-Je-sb X-IÀ-¡p-¶-sX-§-s\-sb¶pw ]cn-tim-[n-¡p¶p.

10 14 \hw_À 2020
14 \hw_À 2020
11

X-c-Nn-{Xw Iq-Sn-bm-bn-cp-¶p C-Xv.
18 h-b-Êp-Å c@p s]¬-Ip-«n-IÄ B-jv-en
s]Ä-am³, Pm-Én³ {_m-Uv-en(Ashley Pelman,
Jazlyn Bradley) F-¶n-hÀ \yq-tbmÀ-¡n-se sX-
¡³ Pn-Ã-bn-se Pn-Ãm tIm-S-Xn-bn a-Iv-sUm-
WmÄ-Uv-kv d-kv-täm-dân-\pw A-Xn-sâ D-S-a-bm-b
a-Iv-sUm-WmÄ-Uv-kv tImÀ-¸-td-j-\pw F-Xn-sc,
C-h-cp-sS `-£-W-km-[-\-§Ä X-§-sf s]m-®-
¯-Sn-¡m-cpw tcm-Kn-I-fpw B-¡n-am-än F-¶v tI-
kp-sIm-Sp-¯ kw-`-hw h-en-b tIm-fn-f-¡-ap@m-
¡n-b-Xn-s\-Xp-SÀ-¶m-Wv tamÀ-K³ kv-]nÀ-tem-Iv
A-ta-cn-¡³ Po-hn-X-¯n-sâ kÀ-Æ-X-e-§-sf-bpw
]p-\À \nÀ-an-¡p-I-bpw Io-g-S-¡p-I-bpw sN-bv-X
^m-Ìv ^p-Uv hy-h-km-b-s¯ N-e-¨n-{X-am-¡p-
¶-Xv. 30 Zn-h-k-s¯ a-Iv-sUm-WmÄ-Uv-kv `-£-
Ww B 32 h-b-Êp-Im-c-\n 11.1 In-tem-{Kmw
`m-cw Iq-«n; sIm-f-kv-t{SmÄ \n-e hÀ-²n-¸n-¨p;
a-t\m-\n-e hn-jm-Zm-h-Ø-bn-se-¯n-¨p; ssew-
Kn-I-ti-jn X-fÀ-¯n; I-c-fn sIm-gp-¸v kw-`-cn-
¡-s¸-«p. A-bm-fp-sS X-fÀ-¨-bpw X-e-th-Z-\-bpw
a-Iv-sUm-WmÄ-Uv-kv `-£-Ww I-gn-¡p-t¼mÄ
Ip-d-ª-Xp-I@v, A-bmÄ Cu `-£-W-¯n-\v
A-Un-Iv-ä-Uv B-bn F-¶v tUm-ÎÀ hn-e-bn-cp-¯n.
12
18 h-b-Êp-Å c@p s]¬-Ip-«n-
IÄ B-jv-en s]Ä-am³, Pm-Én³
{_m-Uv-en(Ashley Pelman, Jazlyn Bradley)
F-¶n-hÀ \yq-tbmÀ-¡n-se sX-¡³
Pn-Ã-bn-se Pn-Ãm tIm-S-Xn-bn a-Iv-
sUm-WmÄ-Uv-kv d-kv-täm-dâ n-\pw
A-Xn-sâ D-S-a-bm-b a-Iv-sUm-WmÄ-
Uv-kv tImÀ-¸-td-j-\pw F-Xn-sc, C-h-
cp-sS `-£-W-km-[-\-§Ä X-§-sf
s]m-®-¯-Sn-¡m-cpw tcm-Kn-I-fpw
B-¡n-am-än F-¶v tI-kp-sIm-Sp-¯
kw-`-hw h-en-b tIm-fn-f-¡-ap@m-
¡n-b-Xn-s\-Xp-SÀ-¶m-Wv tamÀ-K³
kv-]nÀ-tem-Iv A-ta-cn-¡³ Po-hn-X-
¯n-sâ kÀ-Æ-X-e-§-sf-bpw ]p-\À
\nÀ-an-¡p-I-bpw Io-g-S-¡p-I-bpw sN-
bv-X ^m-Ìv ^p-Uv hy-h-km-b-s¯
N-e-¨n-{X-am-¡p-¶-Xv. 30 Zn-h-k-s¯
a-Iv-sUm-WmÄ-Uv-kv `-£-Ww B
32 h-b-Êp-Im-c-\n 11.1 In-tem-{Kmw
`m-cw Iq-«n; sIm-f-kv-t{SmÄ \n-e
hÀ-²n-¸n-¨p; a-t\m-\n-e hn-jm-Zm-h-
Ø-bn-se-¯n-¨p; ssew-Kn-I-ti-jn
X-fÀ-¯n; I-c-fn sIm-gp-¸v kw-`-
cn-¡-s¸-«p. A-bm-fp-sS X-fÀ-¨-bpw
X-e-th-Z-\-bpw a-Iv-sUm-WmÄ-Uv-kv
`-£-Ww I-gn-¡p-t¼mÄ Ip-d-ª-
Xp-I@v, A-bmÄ Cu `-£-W-¯n-
\v A-Un-Iv-ä-Uv B-bn F-¶v tUm-
ÎÀ hn-e-bn-cp-¯n.
14 \hw_À 2020
C-cp-]-¯n-sbm-¶mw Zn-h-k-am-b-t¸mÄ X-s¶
A-bm-fp-sS lr-Z-b-an-Sn-¸n hy-Xym-kw I@p,
A-bmÄ Cu `-£-W-io-ew \nÀ-¯-W-sa-¶
tUm-ÎÀ D-]-tZ-in-s¨-¦n-epw, kv-]nÀ-tem-¡v A-Xv
Iq-«m-¡m-sX 30 Zn-h-kw ]qÀ-¯n-bm-¡p-I-X-s¶
sN-bv-Xp. H-Sp-hnÂ, a-Iv-sUm-WmÄ-Uv-kv `-£-
Ww X-¶n \n-t£-]n-¨ hn-j-am-en-\y-§Ä
\nÀ-amÀ-P-\w sN-¿p-¶-Xn-\m-bn _-ZÂ `-£-W
Nn-In-Õ-bn-eq-sS ZoÀ-L-Im-ew A-bmÄ I-S-
¶p-t]m-bn tcm-K-hn-ap-àn t\-Sp-¶p.
Cu kn-\n-a h-cp-¶-Xn-\v ]-¯p-hÀ-jw ap-¼v,
1994Â C-´y-bn-epw, B-Zy-am-bn a-Iv-sUm-WmÄ-
Uv-kv d-kv-täm-dâp-IÄ B-cw-`n-¨p. 2003 se H-cp
kÀ- t Æ {]- I m- c w C- ´ y- b n am- k - ¯ nÂ
100X-h-W `-£-Ww I-gn-¡p-¶ H-cmÄ, A-XnÂ
97 X-h-W ho-«n \n-¶pw aq-s¶-®w am-{Xw
]p-d-¯p-\n-¶pw I-gn-¨n-cp-s¶-¦nÂ, 2014 B-b-
t¸mÄ ]p-d-¯p-\n-¶pw I-gn-¡p-¶-Xv ]-¯p
X-h-W-sb-¦n-epw B-bn D-bÀ-¶n-«p@v. a-Iv-sUm-
WmÄ-Uv-kn-\p am-{Xw C-hn-sS hÀ-j-¯n 320
Z-i-e-£w D-]-t`m-àm-¡-sf In-«n-bn-cn-¡p-¶p.
A-hÀ-s¡m-¸w sI F-^v kn, tUm-an-t\m-kv
]n-k, U-¦n³ tUm \-Sv-kv, _À-KÀ Inw-Kv F-¶o
B-tKm-f `-£-W hy-h-km-b tImÀ-¸-td-äp-I-fpw
C-´y-bn Øm-\-ap-d-¸n-¨p I-gn-ªn-«p@v.
`-£y-a-cq-`q-an-IÄ (Food Deserts)
Cw-¥o-jv `m-j-bn "`-£y a-cp-`q-an' F-¶
{]-tbm-Kw h-¶p-tN-cp-¶-Xv 1990I-fp-sS B-Zy-
¯n-em-Wv. t]m-j-I-k-¼-¶-am-b `-£-Ww,
{]-tXy-In-¨v ]-g-§-fpw ]-¨-¡-dn-I-fpw X-hn-tSm-
Sp-Iq-Sn-b [m-\y-§-fpw In-«p-¶ ]-e-N-c-¡v-I-S-IÄ
C-Ãm-¯ {]-tZ-i-§-sf-bm-Wv `-£y a-cp-`q-an-IÄ
F-¶p ]-d-bp-¶-Xv. `-£y a-cp-`q-an-I-fn Xm-a-
kn-¡p-¶-hÀ-¡v In-«p-¶-Xv a-[p-cw, sIm-gp-¸v
F-¶n-h I-eÀ-¶-Xpw s]m-®-¯-Sn, C-X-c B-[p-
Aen-jy KmÂ-thkv
14 \hw_À 2020
\n-I Øn-c tcm-K-§Ä D@m-¡p-¶-Xp-am-b
kw-kv-I-cn-¨ `-£-W-km-[-\-§-fm-Wv. ^m-Ìv
^p-Upw P-¦v-^p-Upw am-{Xw In-«p-¶ C-¯-cw
Ø-e-§-sf `-£y N-Xp-¸p-IÄ(Food Swamps)
`-£-W-t¯m-Sp-Å am-\p-jn-I-am-b
Im-gv-N-¸m-Sn-s\-X-s¶ Z-i-I-§Ä
sIm@v tImÀ-]-td-äv `-£-W
hy-h-km-bw am-än-a-dn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p.
A-Xv `-£-W-s¯ Im-en-¯o-ä-bpw
tIm-gn-¯o-ä-bpw t]m-se sh-dpw
"a-\p-jy-¯o-ä'bm-¡n \-½p-sS
A-t_m-[-X-e-¯n ]p-\À-\m-a-
I-c-Ww sN-bv-Xp I-gn-ªp. do-s«-
bn hym-]m-c tI-{µ-§Ä h-gn
`-£-Ww, t\m-¡p-¶n-S-s¯m-s¡
P-\-§Ä-¡v ssI-sb-¯m-hp-¶-{X
A-Sp-¯m-¡n, hm-l-\-¯n-en-cp-¶v
t]m-epw I-gn-¡m³ ]m-I-¯nÂ
D-Å-Xm-¡n, `-£-Ww I-gn-¡Â
F-¶ "k-a-bw-sIm-Ãn' N-S-§v X-s¶
C-Ãm-Xm-¡n-bn-«p@v. A-Xn-t\-¡m-
fp-]-cn `-£-W-s¯ F-{X-t¯m-fw
Ip-d-ª hn-e-bv-¡v sIm-Sp-¡m³
km-[n-¡p-tam A-{X-t¯m-fw No-]v
^p-Uv B-¡n am-än-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. a-Iv
sUm-WÄ-Uv-kn-sâ _À-KÀ, ss{^-
kv, {Un-¦v F-¶n-h tNÀ-¶ '_n-Kv
a-Iv-ao-en'\v 5.99 tUm-fÀ am-{Xw a-Xn.
Cu `-£-Ww \nÀ-an-¡m-\m-h-iy-
am-b ImÀ-jn-I hn-`-h-§Ä G-ä-hpw
Ip-d-ª hn-e-bv-¡v I-¼-\n-IÄ-¡v
In-«m³ ]m-I-¯n ImÀ-jn-I-ta-J-
e-sb A-Sn-ap-Sn A-hn-sS ]-cn-jv-I-cn-
¨n-cn-¡p-¶p.
13
F-¶pw ]-d-bp-¶p. 2010 Â bp.F-kv. Ir-jn-h-Ip-
¸v I-W-¡m-¡n-b-Xv A-ta-cn-¡-bn-se 23.5 Z-i-e-
£w B-fp-IÄ `-£y a-cp-`q-an-I-fn Xm-a-kn-
¡p-¶p F-¶m-Wv. A-Xm-b-Xv \-K-c-§-fn H-cp
ssa-en-\p-Ån-epw {Km-a-{]-tZ-i-§-fn ]-¯p
ssa-en-\p-Ån-epw t]m-j-I-kp-e-`-am-b `-£y-h-
kv-Xp-¡Ä hn-ev-¡p-¶ km-[m-c-W ]-e-N-c-¡v
I-S-IÄ C-Ãm-sb-¦n A-hn-sS B-fp-IÄ Xm-a-
kn-¡p-¶-Xv `-£y a-cp-`q-an-bn-em-Wv. t\-sc-a-dn-¨v
F-hn-sS-bm-tWm ]-g§ - -fpw ]-¨¡ - -dn-If
- pw F-Ãmw
DÄ-s¡m-Åp-¶ t]m-j-I-k-¼p-ã-am-b `-£-Ww
kp-e-`-am-bn hm-§m³ In-«p-¶-Xv B {]-tZ-iw
`-£y-a-cp-¸-¨(Food Oasis ) b-t{X. A-hn-sS amw-
kw, ]-g-§Ä, ]-¨-¡-dn-IÄ F-¶n-h ]p-Xp-a-tbm-
sS e-`y-am-Ip-sa-¦n \q-dp Ip-Spw-_-§Ä Xm-a-
kn-¡p-¶-Xn-\v A-c-In-tem-ao-äÀ Np-ä-f-hn H-cp
]-e-N-c-¡v-I-S t]m-epw C-sÃ-¦n A-hÀ Xm-a-
kn-¡p-¶-Xv `-£y a-cp-`q-an-bn-tem A-Y-hm
`-£y-N-Xp-¸n-tem B-sW-¶v a-äp Nn-e ]T-\-§Ä
Im-Wn-¡p-¶p.
\-K-c-¯n-se DÄ-{]-tZ-i-§Ä, {Km-ao-W ta-
J-e F-¶n-hn-S-§-fn-se Xm-gv-¶ h-cp-am-\-¡m-
cm-b B-fp-I-fm-Wv G-sd-bpw `-£y a-cp-`q-an-I-
fn I- g n- b p- ¶ - X v . C- ¯ - c w Ø- e - § - f nÂ
X-s¶-bm-Wv `-£-W-hp-am-bn _-Ô-s¸-« ZoÀ-L-
Im-e tcm-K-§Ä s]m-®-¯-Sn, lr-t{Zm-Kw,Im³-
kÀ F-¶n-h-sb-Ãmw Iq-Sp-X-em-bn D-Å-Xpw.
(The Public Health Effects of Food Deserts
: Workshop Summary, National Research Council (US)
2009 ). A-ta-cn-¡-bn \-S-¯n-b H-cp kÀ-tÆ-
14
\-K-c-§-fn H-cp ssa-en-\p-Ån-epw
{Km-a-{]-tZ-i-§-fn ]-¯p ssa-
en-\p-Ån-epw t]m-j-I-kp-e-`-am-b
`-£y-h-kv-Xp-¡Ä hn-ev-¡p-¶
km-[m-c-W ]-e-N-c-¡v I-S-IÄ
C-Ãm-sb-¦n A-hn-sS B-fp-IÄ
Xm-a-kn-¡p-¶-Xv `-£y a-cp-`q-an-bn-
em-Wv. t\-sc-a-dn-¨v F-hn-sS-bm-tWm
]-g-§-fpw ]-¨-¡-dn-I-fpw F-Ãmw
DÄ-s¡m-Åp-¶ t]m-j-I-k-¼p-
ã-am-b `-£-Ww kp-e-`-am-bn
hm-§m³ In-«p-¶-Xv B {]-tZ-iw
`-£y-a-cp-¸-¨(Food Oasis ) b-t{X.
A-hn-sS amw-kw, ]-g-§Ä, ]-¨-¡-dn-
IÄ F-¶n-h ]p-Xp-a-tbm-sS e-`y-
am-Ip-sa-¦n \q-dp Ip-Spw-_-§Ä
Xm-a-kn-¡p-¶-Xn-\v A-c-In-tem-ao-äÀ
Np-ä-f-hn H-cp ]-e-N-c-¡v-I-S t]m
-epw C-sÃ-¦n A-hÀ Xm-a-kn-¡p-
¶-Xv `-£y a-cp-`q-an-bn-tem A-Y-hm
`-£y-N-Xp-¸n-tem B-sW-¶v a-äp
Nn-e ]T-\-§Ä Im-Wn-¡p-¶p.
14 \hw_À 2020
bn 64 i-X-am-\w P-\-§-fpw ]-d-ª-Xv A-hÀ-
¡v Zn-h-k-hpw th@{X A-f-hn ]-g-§Ä
]-¨-¡-dn-IÄ F-¶n-h In-«p-¶n-Ã F-¶m-Wv.
C-¯-cw B-fp-IÄ F-Ãmw X-s¶ t]m-j-I
]-ZmÀ-°-§Ä th@{X In-«m-sX B-tcm-Kyw
£-bn-¨-h-cp-a-t{X. A-ta-cn-¡-¡m-cn 88%¯nÂ
G-sd-t]-cpw A-[n-I-`m-cw D-Å-h-tcm s]m-®-
¯ -
Sn-¡m-tcm B-Wv. B-tcm-Ky-I-c-am-b `-£-W-¯n-
eq-sS B-h-iy-¯n-\p-am-{Xw i-co-c-`m-cw D-Å-hÀ
an-¡-hm-dpw 5% h-cpw. hn-I-e-am-b Cu `-£-W-
kw-kv-Im-cw A-ta-cn-¡³ P-\-X-sb tem-I-
¯n X-s¶ G-ä-hpw Iq-Sp-X im-co-cn-I
A-\m-tcm-Ky-ap-Å-hÀ am-{X-a-à A-h-cn A-©n-
sem-cm-sf am-\-kn-I A-]-{`w-i-¯n-te-¡pw
F-¯n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p(Joel Furhman MD. The Hidden
Dangers of Fast and Processed Food).
a-\p-jy-¯o-ä
`-£-W-t¯m-Sp-Å am-\p-jn-I-am-b Im-gv-N-
¸m-Sn-s\-X-s¶ Z-i-I-§Ä sIm@v tImÀ-]-td-äv
`-£-W hy-h-km-bw am-än-a-dn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. A-Xv
`-£-W-s¯ Im-en-¯o-ä-bpw tIm-gn-¯o-ä-bpw
t]m-se sh-dpw "a-\p-jy-¯o-ä'bm-¡n \-½p-sS
A-t_m-[-X-e-¯n ]p-\À-\m-a-I-c-Ww sN-bv-Xp
I-gn-ªp. do-s«-bn hym-]m-c tI-{µ-§Ä h-gn
`-£-Ww, t\m-¡p-¶n-S-s¯m-s¡ P-\-§Ä-¡v
ssI-sb-¯m-hp-¶-{X A-Sp-¯m-¡n, hm-l-\-¯n-
en-cp-¶v t]m-epw I-gn-¡m³ ]m-I-¯n D-Å-
Xm-¡n, `-£-Ww I-gn-¡Â F-¶ "k-a-bw-sIm-
Ãn' N- S - § v X- s ¶ C- Ã m- X m- ¡ n- b n- « p@v .
14 \hw_À 2020
Cw-¥o-jv `m-j-bn "`-£y a-cp-
`q-an' F-¶ {]-tbm-Kw h-¶p-tN-
cp-¶-Xv 1990I-fp-sS B-Zy-¯n-
em-Wv. t]m-j-I-k-¼-¶-am-b
`-£-Ww, {]-tXy-In-¨v ]-g-§-fpw
]-¨-¡-dn-I-fpw X-hn-tSm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b
[m-\y-§-fpw In-«p-¶ ]-e-N-c-¡v-
I-S-IÄ C-Ãm-¯ {]-tZ-i-§-sf-
bm-Wv `-£y a-cp-`q-an-IÄ F-¶p
]-d-bp-¶-Xv. `-£y a-cp-`q-an-I-fnÂ
Xm-a-kn-¡p-¶-hÀ-¡v In-«p-¶-
Xv a-[p-cw, sIm-gp-¸v F-¶n-h
I-eÀ-¶-Xpw s]m-®-¯-Sn, C-X-c
B-[p-\n-I Øn-c tcm-K-§Ä
D@m-¡p-¶-Xp-am-b kw-kv-I-cn-¨
`-£-W-km-[-\-§-fm-Wv. ^m-Ìv
^p-Upw P-¦v-^p-Upw am-{Xw In-
«p-¶ C-¯-cw Ø-e-§-sf `-£y
N-Xp-¸p-IÄ(Food Swamps) F-¶pw
]-d-bp-¶p. 2010 Â bp.F-kv.
Ir-jn-h-Ip-¸v I-W-¡m-¡n-b-Xv
A-ta-cn-¡-bn-se 23.5 Z-i-e-£w
B-fp-IÄ `-£y a-cp-`q-an-I-fnÂ
Xm-a-kn-¡p-¶p F-¶m-Wv.
15
A-Xn-t\-¡m-fp-]-cn `-£-W-s¯ F-{X-t¯m-fw
Ip-d-ª hn-e-bv-¡v sIm-Sp-¡m³ km-[n-¡p-tam
A-{X-t¯m-fw No-]v ^p-Uv B-¡n am-än-bn-cn-¡p-
¶p. a-Iv sUm-WÄ-Uv-kn-sâ _À-KÀ, ss{^-kv,
{Un-¦v F-¶n-h tNÀ-¶ '_n-Kv a-Iv-ao-en'\v 5.99
tUm-fÀ am-{Xw a-Xn. Cu `-£-Ww \nÀ-an-¡m-
\m-h-iy-am-b ImÀ-jn-I hn-`-h-§Ä G-ä-hpw
Ip-d-ª hn-e-bv-¡v I-¼-\n-IÄ-¡v In-«m³
]m-I-¯n ImÀ-jn-I-ta-J-e-sb A-Sn-ap-Sn A-hn-
sS ]-cn-jv-I-cn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. ImÀ-jn-I I-¼-\n-IÄ
B-h-iy-s¸-Sp-¶ `-£y-h-kv-Xp-¡Ä S¬-I-W-
¡n-\v \Â-Ip-¶ h-en-b Ir-jn-¡-f-§-fm-¡n,
IÀ-j-I-cp-sS F-®w aq-¶v i-X-am-\-¯n Xm-sg
B-¡n-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. am-{X-a-Ã kÀ-¡mÀ ImÀ-jn-I
k-_v-kn-Un-bp-sS knw-l-`m-K-hpw IÀ-j-I-tc-
¡mÄ Iq-Sp-X-em-bn A-{Kn-_n-kn-\-kv I-¼-\n-I-
fn-te-¡m-Wv sN-¶p-tN-cp-¶-Xv. The Real Cost of
Cheap Food (2011) F-¶ X-sâ ]p-kv-X-I-¯nÂ
ssa-¡Ä I-tcm-f³ (Michael Carolan) Xp-d-¶p-Im-
«p-¶p: Im-em-h-Øm am-ä-¯n-\v Im-c-W-am-Ip-¶
t^m-kn C-Ô-\-§Ä [qÀ-¯-Sn-¨p cm-k-hn-j-
§Ä h³-tXm-Xn sNm-cn-ªv ]-cn-Øn-Xn hn-
j-a-b-am-¡n-bpw ImÀ-jn-I B-hm-k-hy-h-Ø-bv-
¡v A-Xn-tim-j-Ww h-cp-¯n-bpw a-\p-jym-tcm-
Ky-¯n-\v A-]-cn-lm-cy-am-b Zp-c-´-Xp-SÀ-¨-IÄ
k-½m-\n-¨pw s]m-Xp-J-P-\m-hnÂ-\n-¶v k-_v-kn-
Un cq-]-¯n [-\w ZpÀ-hy-bw sN-bv-Xpw `-£y-I-
¼-\n-IÄ Ip-d-ª-hn-e-bv-¡v amÀ-¡-än F-¯n-
16
B-tKm-f ImÀ-jn-I `o-a³-am-cm-b
ImÀ-Kn t]m-ep-Å A-ta-cn-¡³
I-¼-\n-IÄ sa-Iv-kn-¡³ Ir-jn-`q-
an-bn {]-th-in-¨-tXm-sS Z-i-e-£-
¡-W-¡n-\v Ir-jn-¡mÀ ImÀ-jn-I-
hr-¯n km-[y-am-Im-sX sXm-gnÂ
tX-Sn \-K-c-§-fn-te-¡v ]-em-b-\w
sN-bv-Xp. bp-s\-kv-tIm-bp-sS kmw-
kv-Im-cn-I ss]-Xr-I ]-«n-I-bnÂ
C-Sw t\-Sn-b sa-Iv-kn-¡³ `-£-W
]m-N-I ssi-en I-s¿m-gn-ªv Cu
A-`-bmÀ-°n {]-hm-l-§Ä A-ta-
cn-¡³ I-¼-\n-I-fp-sS No-
]v ^p-Uv A-\p-io-en-¡p-¶-h-cm-
bn am-ä-s¸-«p. A-t\-Im-bn-c-§Ä
sa-¨-s¸-« Po-hn-Xw kz-]v-\w I@p
hm-Kv-Z-¯ `q-an-bm-b bp.F-knÂ
tN-t¡-dp-¶-Xn-\m-bn A-XnÀ-¯n-
I-fn Xn-¡n-¯n-c-¡n. \n-tbm-en-
_-d \-b-§-fm A-I-¯p-
I-b-dn-b tImÀ-¸-td-äv `-£-Ww
A-ta-cn-¡-¡mÀ-s¡-¶-t]m-se,
s]m-®-¯-Sn-bpw B-bp-jv-¡m-e
tcm-K-§-fpw sa-Iv-kn-t¡m-ImÀ-
¡v \Â-In-b-t¸mÄ P-¦v ^p-Upw
tIm-f-bpw18 h-b-Ên Xm-sg-bp-Å
Ip-«n-IÄ-¡v \n-tcm-[n-¡m³ sa-Iv-
kn-¡³ kw-Øm-\-am-b Hm-Iv-km-
¡-¡v Xo-cp-am-\n-t¡@n-bpw h-¶p.
14 \hw_À 2020
ssa-¡nÄ t]mf³
¡p-¶ Ir-{Xn-a cp-Nn-¡q-«p-I-fp-sS a-\p-jy-¯o-ä
b-YmÀ-°-¯n C-¶-se-bpw C-¶pw am-{X-a-Ã
\m-sf-¡p th@n-bpw am-\-h-cm-in Im-¯p-kq-
£n-¡p-¶ F-Ãm-hn-[ k-¼m-Zy-§-fpw tImÀ-¸-
td-äv B-kv-Xn-IÄ B-¡n am-än, h-en-b tXm-Xn-
ep-Å km-aq-ly km-¼-¯n-I ]m-cn-Øn-Xn-I
_m-[y-X-I-fm-Wv h-cp-¯n-sh-bv-¡p-¶-Xv. A-Xp-
sIm@m-Wv A-ta-cn-¡³ `-£-W-t]m-cm-fn-bm-b
ssa-¡nÄ t]m-f³ (Michael Pollan) ]-d-ª-Xv,
hn-e-Ip-d-ª `-£-Ww H-cp an-Yy-bm-Wv. A-§-
s\-sbm-¶n-Ã. A-Xn-sâ b-YmÀ-° hn-e a-sä-
hn-sS-tbm \-½Ä sIm-Sp-¡p-¶p@v. ]-W-am-bn
\-½p-sS I-¿n \n-¶v t\-cn-«v sIm-Sp-¡p-¶n-sÃ-
¦n-epw, ]-cn-Øn-Xn-\m-iw, s]m-Xp k-_v-kn-Un,
B-tcm-Ky sN-e-hv F-¶o cq-]-¯n-se-Ãmw a-dp-
h-gn-¡v \-½n \n-¶v X-s¶ Cu-Sm-¡p-¶p@v.'
`-£-Ww A-[n-\n-th-iw
A-b cm-{ã-§-fm-b sa-Iv-kn-t¡m, Im-\-U
F-¶n-h-bp-am-bn tNÀ-¶v 1994 Â A-ta-cn-¡
D@m-¡n-b I-cm-tdm-sS(North American Free Trade
Agreement)tImÀ-¸-td-äv hn-X-c-W irw-J-e-IÄ
sa-Iv-kn-t¡m-bn A-[n-\n-th-iw \-S-¯n. C-¶v
hmÄ-amÀ-«v B-Wv A-hn-Sp-s¯ `-£-W hn-ev-]-
\-sb A-S-¡n `-cn-¡p-¶ G-ä-hpw h-en-b sN-dp-
In-S hym-]m-c I-¼-\n. sh-Å-t¯-¡mÄ Ip-
d-ª hn-e-bv-¡v C-t¸mÄ sa-Iv-kn-t¡m-ImÀ-¡v
sIm-¡-t¡m-f In-«p-¶p@v. B-tKm-f ImÀ-jn-I
`o-a³-am-cm-b ImÀ-Kn t]m-ep-Å A-ta-cn-¡³
I-¼-\n-IÄ sa-Iv-kn-¡³ Ir-jn-`q-an-bn {]-th-
in-¨-tXm-sS Z-i-e-£-¡-W-¡n-\v Ir-jn-¡mÀ
ImÀ-jn-I-hr-¯n km-[y-am-Im-sX sXm-gnÂ
tX-Sn \-K-c-§-fn-te-¡v ]-em-b-\w sN-bv-Xp. bp-
14 \hw_À 2020
2010 Â 35 tIm-Sn B-bn D-bÀ-
¶ C-´y-bn-se \-K-c-hm-kn-IÄ
A-ta-cn-¡-bp-sS P-\-kw-Jy-
tb-¡mÄ Iq-Sp-X-epw, 2030 Â
C-hÀ bq-tdm-]y³ bq-Wn-b-\n-se
sam-¯w P-\-kw-Jy-tb-¡mÄ
Iq-Sp-X-ep-am-Ip-¶-Xn-\m C-{X
Kw-`o-c `-£-W amÀ-¡-äv tem-I-
¯v a-sä-§pw In-«m-\n-Ã. 1971 Â
C-´y-bn-se `-£-W sN-e-hnÂ
\m-en-sem-¶p \-K-c-hm-kn-I-fp-
tS-Xm-sW-¦n 2006  C-Xv
aq-¶n-sem-¶m-bn D-bÀ-¶n-«p@v.
am-{X-a-Ã Cu `-£-Ww ap-gp-h³
\Â-In-b-Xv B-`y-´-c D-Xv-
]m-Z-\-¯n-eq-sS C-´y³ `-£y
k-¼-Zv-L-S-\-bp-sS 93% hpw
\n-b-{´n-¡p-¶ sN-dp-In-S I-¨-h-
S-¡m-cp-sS(]-c-¼-cm-K-X `-£y-kw-
kv-I-c-Ww, I-S-IÄ, N-´-IÄ,
{Km-ao-W-X-e C-S-¯-«p-ImÀ ap-X-
em-b) kz-Im-cy-ta-J-e-bm-Wv.
17

s\-kv-tIm-bp-sS kmw-kv-Im-cn-I ss]-Xr-I ]-«n-I-
bn C-Sw t\-Sn-b sa-Iv-kn-¡³ `-£-W ]m-N-I
ssi-en I-s¿m-gn-ªv Cu A-`-bmÀ-°n {]-hm-
l- § Ä A- t a- c n- ¡ ³ I- ¼ - \ n- I - f p- s S No-
]v ^p-Uv A-\p-io-en-¡p-¶-h-cm-bn am-ä-s¸-«p.
A-t\-Im-bn-c-§Ä sa-¨-s¸-« Po-hn-Xw kz-]v-\w
I@p hm-Kv-Z-¯ `q-an-bm-b bp.F-kv. CÂ tN-
t¡-dp-¶-Xn-\m-bn A-XnÀ-¯n-I-fn Xn-¡n-¯n-
c-¡n. \n-tbm-en-_-d \-b-§-fm A-I-¯p-I-
b-dn-b tImÀ-¸-td-äv `-£-Ww A-ta-cn-¡-¡mÀ-
s¡-¶-t]m-se, s]m-®-¯-Sn-bpw B-bp-jv-¡m-e
tcm-K-§-fpw sa-Iv-kn-t¡m-ImÀ-¡v \Â-In-b-
t¸mÄ P-¦v ^p-Upw tIm-f-bpw18 h-b-Ên Xm-
sg-bp-Å Ip-«n-IÄ-¡v \n-tcm-[n-¡m³ sa-Iv-
kn-¡³ kw-Øm-\-am-b Hm-Iv-km-¡-¡v Xo-cp-
am-\n-t¡@n-bpw h-¶p. sa-Iv-kn-¡³ {K-Ù-IÀ-
¯m-hm-b A-en-jy KmÂ-th-kv(AIyshia Galvez )
X-sâ Eating NAFTA Trade, Food Policies, and the
Destruction of Mexico F-¶ Ir-Xn-bnÂ, "hy-h-km-
b-hÂ-Ir-X `-£-W-¯n-sâ DÂ-]-¶-am-Wv
{]-ta-lw. 'F-¶p Xp-d-¶p ]-d-bp-¶p@v.
kz-X-{´ hym-]m-c I-cm-dp-IÄ cm-{ã-§Ä-¡p
ta ]n-Sn-ap-dp-¡n-b-tXm-sS D-Zm-c-hÂ-¡-c-W-¯n-
sâ t]m-j-I iq-\y-hpw A-Xy-[n-Iw kw-kv-I-cn-
¡-s¸-«-Xp-am-b tImÀ-¸-td-äv \nÀ-an-X a-\p-jy-
¯o-ä ]-Sn-ªm-d³ \m-Sp-I-fn F-¶-t]m-se
ssN-\-bn-epw C-´y-bn-epw C-X-c hn-I-kz-c-cm-
Py-§-fn-epw s]m-®-¯-Sn tcm-K-_m-[ ]-SÀ-¯n-
s¡m@n-cn-¡p-¶-Xm-bn lmÀ-hm-Un-se Sn.F-¨v.
Nm³ Hm-^v ]-»n-Iv slÂ-¯v \-S-¯n-b ]
18
\n-b-a-am-¡n-b aq-¶p ImÀ-jn-I
_n-Ãp-I-fpw taÂ-¸-d-ª Ko-tXm-
]-tZ-i-§-sf A-tX-]-Sn A-\p-k-
cn-¡p-I-bm-Wv sN-bv-Xn-«p-Å-Xv.
am-{X-a-Ã Cu dn-t¸mÀ-«v kq-Nn-¸n-¨-
X-\p-k-cn-¨v ImÀ-jn-I cw-K-s¯
\-b-]-c-am-b C-¯-cw Np-h-Sp am-ä-
§Ä B-cw-`n-¡p-¶-Xv 1990I-fn-em-
Wv. 30 hÀ-jw ap-¼v A-Sn-¯-d-bn-«
s]m-fn-¨p ]-Wn-I-fp-sS G-ä-hpw
kp-{]-[m-\-am-b \-b-\nÀ-am-W-
am-Wv C-t¸mÄ \-S-¶-Xv. C-´y³
`-£y k-¼-Zv hy-h-Ø-bn-te-¡v
tImÀ-¸-td-äv A-[n-\n-th-i-¯n-
\p-Å h-gnsh-«-ep-I-fp-sS B-Zy
\-S-]-Sn-I-fn-sem-¶m-bn-cp-¶p 2008
 `-£y-kw-`-c-W-¯n-\p-Å
tImÄ-Uv sN-bn³ C³-{^m-kv-{S-Iv-
NÀ ku-I-cy-¯n-\m-bn hn-tZ-i-I-
¼-\n-IÄ-¡v d-{^n-P-td-j³ D-]-I-
c-W-§Ä-¡v \n-Ip-Xn H-gn-hm-¡n
sIm-Sp-¯-Xpw Cu ta-J-e-bnÂ
100%hn-tZ-i- \n-t£-]w A-\p-h-Zn-
¨-Xpw. a-säm-¶v `-£y-kw-kv-I-c-W
I-¼-\n-IÄ-¡v 100% hn-tZ-i
\n-t£-]-¯n-\v Aw-Ko-Im-cw
\Â-In-b-Xpw C-¯-cw I-¼-\n-
IÄ-¡v \n-c-h-[n B-\p-Iq-ey-§Ä
GÀ-¸m-Sm-¡n-b-Xp-am-Wv.
14 \hw_À 2020
T-\-s¯ ap³ \nÀ-¯n \yq-tbmÀ-¡v ssSw-kv kw-`-c-W-¯n-epw sXm-®q-dp-I-fn X-s¶ h³
F-gp-Xn. I-¼-\n-IÄ Np-h-Sp-d-¸n-¡p-¶p@v(1996-2006 Im-
e-¯v C-h-cp-sS I-S-¶p-I-b-äw 7% sa-¶v dn-kÀ-
C-´y-sb-¶ h-¼³ C-c Æv _m-¦v ]-d-bp-¶p).
2010 Â 35 tIm-Sn B-bn D-bÀ-¶ C-´y-bn-se
\-K-c-hm-kn-IÄ A-ta-cn-¡-bp-sS P-\-kw-Jy-tb- ]p-Xn-b aq-¶v ImÀ-jn-I \n-b-a-§Ä
¡mÄ Iq-Sp-X-epw, 2030  C-hÀ bq-tdm-]y³ Cu-bn-sS tI-{µ K-h-s×â v sIm@p-h-¶
bq-Wn-b-\n-se sam-¯w P-\-kw-Jy-sb-¡mÄ aq-¶v ImÀ-jn-I \n-b-a-§-fp-sS-bpw b-YmÀ-°
Iq-Sp-X-ep-am-Ip-¶-Xn-\m C-{X Kw-`o-c `-£-W e-£yw F-´m-sW-¶v \-s½ A-dn-bn-¡p-¶ H-cp
amÀ-¡-äv tem-I-¯v a-sä-§pw In-«m-\n-Ã. 1971 Â ]T-\ dn-t¸mÀ-«v 2011 Â-X-s¶ ]p-d-¯p-h-¶n-«p@v.
C-´y-bn-se `-£-W sN-e-hn \m-en-sem-¶p 1 CâÀ-\m-j-W ^p-Uv t]m-fn-kn dn-kÀ-¨v
\-K-c-hm-kn-I-fp-tS-Xm-sW-¦n 2006  C-Xv C³-Ìn-äyq-«n-\p(sF.F-^v. ]n. BÀ. sF.)
aq-¶n-sem-¶m-bn D-bÀ-¶n-«p@v. am-{X-a-Ã Cu th@n tXm-a-kv dn-bÀ-U-\pw _mÀ-«v-an-sâ-\pw
`-£-Ww ap-gp-h³ \Â-In-b-Xv B-`y-´-c D-Xv-] (Thomas Reardon and Bart Minten) tNÀ-¶v X-¿m-
m-Z-\-¯n-eq-sS C-´y³ `-£y k-¼-Zv-L-S-\-bp- dm-¡n-b 'C-´y-bn-se `-£y hn-X-c-W irw-J-e-
sS 93% hpw \n-b-{´n-¡p-¶ sN-dp-In-S I-¨-h-S- bn-se \n-i-Ð hn-¹-hw'( The Quiet Revolution in
¡m-cp-sS(]-c-¼-cm-K-X `-£y-kw-kv-I-c-Ww, India's Food Supply Chains ) F-¶ Cu dn-t¸mÀ-«n-
I-S-IÄ, N-´-IÄ, {Km-ao-W-X-e C-S-¯-«p-ImÀ sâ km-cmw-iw C-Xm-Wv. 1990 IÄ ap-XÂ C-´y-
ap-X-em-b) kz-Im-cy-ta-J-e-bm-Wv. H-cp h-i-¯v bn-se ]-c-¼-cm-K-X `-£y hn-X-c-W irw-J-e-
C-´y-¡mÀ-¡v `-£-W-ap@m-¡m³ a-®n-en-d- bn {Zp-X-K-Xn-bn-ep-Å am-ä-§Ä h-¶p-sIm
§p-¶ \n-Xy-hr-¯n-¡m-cm-b Z-i-e-£-¡-W-¡n- @n-cn-¡p-¶p. A-h {]-[m-\-am-bpw Xm-sg ]-d-bp-
\v sN-dp-IÀ-j-IÀ A-h-cp-sS D-ev-]-¶-§Ä ¶ X-c-¯n-em-Wv.
hm-§p-¶ {Km-a-X-e t{_m-¡À-amÀ, A-h kw- 1) C-´y-bn h-en-b kq-¸À-amÀ-¡-äp-IÄ
kv-I-cn-¡p-¶ e-£-¡-W-¡n-\p Ip-SnÂ/sN-dp- h-gn-bp-Å `-£y-h-kv-Xp-¡-fp-sS hn-X-c-W k-{¼-
In-S hy-h-km-b-¡mÀ, A-cn ap-X A-cn ap-dp- Zm-bw \-K-c-§-fn am-{X-a-à {Km-a-§-fnÂ
¡p-h-sc hn-ev-¡p-¶ sN-dp hym-]m-cn k-aq-lw,
a-Õy amw-k amÀ-¡-äp-IÄ, sX-cp-thm-c-¯pw ssa-¡nÄ tImf³
hm-l-\-¯n-epw X-e-¨p-a-Sm-bpw h-gn \o-sf h-¶v
ho-«p-]-Sn-bv-¡-epw `-£y-hn-`-h-§Ä X-cp-¶ hm-
Wn-`-¡mÀ C-§-s\ C-´y³ P-\-X-bp-sS 70
i-X-am-\-hpw Po-h-t\m-]m-[n-bm-bn B-{i-bn-
¡p-¶ G-ä-hpw hn-]p-e-hpw ssh-hn-[y-]qÀ-W-
hp-am-b C-S-am-Wv \-½p-sS ImÀ-jn-I-`-£y k-¼-
Zv-L-S-\.
{Km-a \-K-c-§-fn-em-bn hym-]n-¨p In-S-¡p-¶
135.26 tIm-Sn h-cp-¶ D-]-t`m-àr P-\-X; h-cp-
am-\-¯n-sâ 46% hpw `-£-W-¯n-\p sN-e-hm-
¡p-¶-hÀ. tem-I-¯v G-ä-hpw Iq-Sp-XÂ tKm-X-
¼v, A-cn, ]mÂ, ]-gw, ]-¨¡ - d- n D-ev]
- m-Zn-¸n-¡p-¶
c@m-a-s¯ cm-Pyw; ap-«-bn A-©mw Øm-\w;
a-Õy-¯n B-dmw Øm-\w. C-{X-b-[n-Iw hn-
`-h-§-fpw D-]-t`m-àm-¡-fpw H-tc-t]m-se, H-tc
Ø-e-¯v X-¿m-dm-¡n sh-¨n-cn-¡p-¶-Xpw F-Ãm
Im-e-¯pw ssh-hn-[y k-¼-¶-am-b D-ev-]-¶-
§Ä hn-f-bp-¶-Xp-am-b H-cp hn-]p-e `q-an-I
_-lp-cm-{ã tImÀ-¸-td-äv `-£y hn-X-c-W irw-
J-e-IÄ-¡v tem-I-¯v a-äv F-hn-sS In-«m-\m-Wv?
A-Xn-\m `-£-Wm-[n-\n-th-i-¯n-sâ Cu
dq-«v-amÀ-¨v Im \q-äm@v ap-t¼ B-cw-`n-¨p I-gn-
ªp. 2001-2010 Im-e-¯v hÀ-jw-tXm-dpw 49%
I@m-Wv `-£y hnÂ-¸-\-bn h-en-b I-¼-\n-
I-fp-sS do-s«-bn cw-Kw h-fÀ-¶-Xv. `-£-W
tk-h-\ hy-h-km-b(d-kv-täm-dâ v, ^m-Ìv ^p-Uv,
sd-Un-ta-Uv ^p-Uv, I-t^/_m-dp-IÄ, `-£W - i
- m-
e-IÄ, Iu@dp-IÄ) ¯n 2001-2006  X-s¶
Ip-¯-I-I-fp-sS h-fÀ-¨-bm-I-s« sIm-Ã-¯nÂ
9% ho-X-am-Wv. C-tX-t]m-se `-£y-kw-kv-I-c-W
cw-K-s¯ hÀ-In-S \n-t£-]-¯n-sâ h-fÀ-¨ 2002-
2006Â 7%¯n-em-bn-cp-¶p. ImÀ-jn-tIm-ev-]-¶
14 \hw_À 2020
19
t]m-epw hÀ-j-¯n 49%F-¶ I-W-¡n-\v D-bÀ-
¶p-sIm@n-cn-¡p-¶p.
2) h³-In-S `-£y kw-kv-I-c-W hy-h-km-b-hpw
h-f-sc s]-s«-¶m-Wv h-fÀ-¶p-sIm@n-cn-¡p-¶-Xv.
3) ]-c-¼-cm-K-X co-Xn-bn Ir-jn-¡m-cn \n-
¶v DÂ-¸-¶-§Ä F-Sp-¡p-¶ C-S-¯-«p-Im-cm-b
sN-dp-In-S hym-]m-cn-I-sf-bpw a-Þn (Mandi -
Public Wholesale Markets) I-sf-bpw am-än-s¡m@v
A-Xym-[p-\n-I `-£y kw-`-c-W hn-X-c-W kw-
hn-[m-\-§-fp-am-bn , sam-¯-¡-¨-h-S-¡m-cm-b
h-en-b I-¼-\n-IÄ ImÀ-jn-I-ta-J-e-bn {]-th-
in-¨v, Ir-jn-¡m-cn \n-¶v t\-cn-«v DÂ-¸-¶-§Ä
hm-§p-¶p. am-{X-a-Ã Cu I-¼-\n-IÄ Ir-jn-
¡mÀ-¡v hm-bv-]-IÄ \Â-Ip-¶-Xp-h-gn `m-hn-bnÂ
Ir-jn-¡m-cp-sS I-ã-¸m-Sp-I-fpw am-dpw.
4) `-£y hn-X-c-W irw-J-e-bn Cu ]p-¯³
hn-¹-h-§Ä-¡v Np-¡m³ ]n-Sn-¡m³ t]m-Ip-¶-Xv
kz-Im-cy-ta-J-e-bm-Wv.
5)`-£y-h-kv-Xp-¡Ä hm-§p-I-bpw hnÂ-¡p-
I-bpw sN-¿p-¶ `-£y k-¼-Zv-L-S-\-bn C-¶v
K-h¬-saân-sâ ]-¦v sh-dpw G-gp i-X-am-\w
am-{X-am-b-Xn-\m C-´y-bp-sS `-£y kp-c-£
Xo-cp-am-\n-¡p-¶-Xn kz-Im-cy-ta-J-e-bm-Wv
\nÀ-Wm-b-Iw.
6) `m- h n- b n C- ´ y- b n- s e P- \ - § Ä- ¡ v
`-£y-kp-c-£ D-d-¸m-¡-W-sa-¦n sN-dp-In-S
hym-]m-cw, `-£y-kw-kv-I-c-Ww, `-t£ymÂ-]-¶
20
kw-`-c-W hn-X-c-W-§Ä Cu aq-¶p ta-J-e-bn-
epw hn-¹-h-I-c-am-b am-ä-§Ä h-cp-¯p-¶ h-en-b
kz-Im-cy-I-¼-\n-I-sf t{]m-Õm-ln-¸n-¡-Ww.
7) \n-e-hn-ep-Å ImÀ-jn-I \-b-§-fpw \n-b-
{´-W-§-fpw am-än-s¡m@v kz-Im-cy ta-J-e-bp-
sS h-fÀ-¨-bv-¡v B-h-iy-am-b hn-[-¯n A-Sn-
Øm-\ ku-I-cy-§Ä hÀ-[n-¸n-¡p-¶-Xn-\v
kÀ-¡mÀ ]-Ww ap-S-¡n-bm-te Cu ]p-¯³
`-£y hn-X-c-W irw-J-e-IÄ h-f-cp-I-bp-Åq.
C-t¸mÄ \n-b-a-am-¡n-b aq-¶p ImÀ-jn-I
_n-Ãp-I-fpw taÂ-¸-d-ª Ko-tXm-]-tZ-i-§-sf
A-tX-]-Sn A-\p-k-cn-¡p-I-bm-Wv sN-bv-Xn-«p-Å-
Xv. am-{X-a-Ã Cu dn-t¸mÀ-«v kq-Nn-¸n-¨-X-\p-k-cn-¨v
ImÀ-jn-I cw-K-s¯ \-b-]-c-am-b C-¯-cw Np-h-
Sp am-ä-§Ä B-cw-`n-¡p-¶-Xv 1990I-fn-em-Wv. 30
hÀ-jw ap-¼v A-Sn-¯-d-bn-« s]m-fn-¨p ]-Wn-I-
fp-sS G-ä-hpw kp-{]-[m-\-am-b \-b-\nÀ-am-W-am-
Wv C-t¸mÄ \-S-¶-Xv. C-´y³ `-£y k-¼-Zv
hy-h-Ø-bn-te-¡v tImÀ-¸-td-äv A-[n-\n-th-i-¯n-
\p-Å h-gn sh-«-ep-I-fp-sS B-Zy \-S-]-Sn-I-fn-
sem-¶m-bn-cp-¶p 2008 Â `-£y-kw-`-c-W-¯n-
\p-Å tImÄ-Uv sN-bn³ C³-{^m-kv-{S-Iv-NÀ
ku-I-cy-¯n-\m-bn hn-tZ-i-I-¼-\n-IÄ-¡v d-{^n-
P-td-j³ D-]-I-c-W-§Ä-¡v \n-Ip-Xn H-gn-hm-¡n
sIm-Sp-¯-Xpw Cu ta-J-e-bn 100%hn-tZ-i-
\n-t£-]w A-\p-h-Zn-¨-Xpw. a-säm-¶v `-£y-kw-
kv-I-c-W I-¼-\n-IÄ-¡v 100% hn-tZ-i-\n-t£-
14 \hw_À 2020
]-¯n-\v Aw-Ko-Im-cw \Â-In-b-Xpw C-¯-cw
I-¼-\n-IÄ-¡v \n-c-h-[n B-\p-Iq-ey-§Ä GÀ-
¸m-Sm-¡n-b-Xp-am-Wv. C-tXm-sSm-¸w sN-dp-In-S
hym-]m-c ta-J-e-bn-se 12 Z-i e-£-¯n-te-sd
h-cp-¶ km-[m-c-W I-¨-h-S-¡m-sc Xr-W-hÂ-K-
Wn-¨p-sIm@m-Wv do-s«-bn ta-J-e-bn-epw
kq-¸À amÀ-¡-äp-I-fp-sS h³-I-¼-\n-I-sf Ip-Sn-
bn-cp-¯n hÀ-jw 180 _n-ey³ tUm-f-dn-sâ
amÀ-¡-äv X-c-s¸-Sp-¯n sIm-Sp-¯-Xv.
`-£y-h-kv-Xp-¡-fp-sS ta-ep-Å an-\n-aw kw-
`-c-W-hn-e C-Ãm-Xm-¡p-I, N-c-¡p-I-fp-sS ta-
ep-Å A-´À-kw-Øm-\ \n-Ip-Xn H-gn-hm-¡p-I,
Ir-jn-¡mÀ-¡v DÂ-¸-¶-§Ä t\-cn-«v I-¼-\n-
IÄ-¡v hnÂ-¡m³ ku-I-cyw D@m-¡p-I, ImÀ-
jn-I `q-an-bp-sS ]-cn-[n \n-b-aw F-Sp-¯p-I-f-ªv
h³-In-S Ir-jn-¡-f-§Ä B-¡n am-äp-I, N-c-¡v
K-Xm-K-Xw G-ä-hpw kp-K-a-am-¡p-¶-Xn-\p th@n
kq-¸À ssl-th-I-fpw Xp-d-ap-J-§-fpw A-Xn-{Zp-
Xw \nÀ-an-¡m³ s]m-Xp-]-Ww F-{X-bpw Iq-Sp-
XÂ hn-\n-tbm-Kn-¡p-I, IÀ-j-I-sc k-lm-bn-
¡p- ¶ - X n- \ v th@n- b p- Å - X pw kw- Ø m- \
kÀ-¡mÀ \n-b-{´-W-¯n-ep-Å-Xp-am-b A-{Kn-
IÄ-¨À s{]m-Uyq-kv amÀ-¡-äv I-½n-än-IÄ
\nÀ-ho-cy-am-¡p-I, A-h-iy `-£y-h-kv-Xp \n-b-
aw F-Sp-¯p-I-f-ªv I-¼-\n-IÄ-¡v C-ãm-\p-k-
c-Ww ImÀ-jn-I hn-`-h-§Ä hm-§n kw-`-cn-¡m-
\p-Å ku-I-cyw D@m-¡p-I F-¶n-§-s\
B-tKm-f ImÀ-jn-I-`-£y hn-X-c-W I-¼-\n-IÄ
B-h-iy-s¸-Sp-¶ F-Ãm \-b-]-c-am-b am-ä-§-fpw
L-«w-L-«-am-bpw H-Sp-hn aq-¶v ImÀ-jn-I
\n-b-a-§-fn-eq-sS-bpw C-´y³ `-c-W-Iq-Sw \-S-¸n-
em-¡n I-gn-ªn-cn-¡p-¶p.
ImÀ-jn-I {]-iv-\-s¯ F-Ãm-h-
B-[p-\n-I `-£y hn-X-c-W sc-bpw _m-[n-¡p-¶ \n-e-
irw-J-e-IÄ \nÂ-¸n-sâ B-tcm-Ky-hn-j-
tem-I ]-«n-Wn ]-«n-I-bn (Global Hunger b-am-bn \mw H-¶m-a-Xv a-\-
|ndex 2020 ) C-´y-bp-sS Øm-\w, 117 cm-Py-§- Ên-em-t¡@Xp@v. Ir-jn,
fp-sS en-Ìn 102 B-Wv. A-c-\q-äm@p ap-¼v, {]-Ir-Xn-bp-am-bp-Å a-\p-jy-sâ
]p-¯³ im-kv-{X-km-t¦-Xn-I hn-Zy-I-tfm-sS,
ImÀ-jn-tIm-ev-]m-Z-\w Iq-«n F-Ãm C-´y-¡mÀ- B-Zy-s¯ t\À-¡p-t\-sc \nÂ-
¡pw `-£-Ww e-`y-am-¡p-¶-Xn-\v th@n l-cn- ¸v B-b-Xn-\mÂ, ImÀ-jn-I-th-e
X-hn-¹-hw sIm@p-h-¶p, `-£y-[m-\y-§Ä kÀ- A-Sn-Øm-\-]-c-am-b ]m-cn-Øn-
¡mÀ tKm- U u- W p- I - f n Ip- a n- ª p- I q- S n Xn-I hn-j-b-sa-¶ co-Xn-bn-epw
D-]-tbm-K-iq-\y-am-bn t]m-bn-«pw P-\-kw-Jy-bn NÀ-¨ sN-t¿@Xv A-Xym-h-iy-
30.3% t]-cpw C-¶pw ]-«n-Wn-¡m-cm-bn Xp-S-cp-¶p. am-Wv. Np-cp-¡n-¸-d-ªm Ir-
A-Xp-sIm@v kz-Im-cy I-¼-\n-I-fp-sS h-en-b jn-bn h-cp-¯p-¶ G-sXm-cp
ap-XÂ-ap-S-t¡m-sS B-[p-\n-I `-£y hn-X-c-W
irw- J - e - I Ä h- g n `- £ y- h - k v - X p- ¡ Ä H- « p am-ä-hpw IÀ-j-I-sc-tbm sXm-
t]m-epw ]m-gm-bn t]m-Im-sX D-]-tbm-Kn-¨m gn-en-s\-tbm k-¼-¯n-s\-tbm
am-{X-ta \-½p-sS ]-«n-Wn am-äm³ ]-äq F-¶m-Wv _m-[n-¡p-¶ hn-j-bw F-¶-Xn-
\-s½ C-¡m-cy-¯n D-]-tZ-in-¡p-¶ sF. ep-]-cn a-\p-jy-]-cn-Øn-Xn-sb
F-^v. ]n. BÀ. sF. F-¶ A-´m-cm-{ã km-c-am-bn _m-[n-¡p-¶ C-S-
F³.Pn.H.bpw B sNmÂ-¸-Sn-s¡m-¯v C-´ym- s]-S F-¶ X-c-¯n th-Ww
K-h¬-saâpw Xo-cp-am-\n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. hn-e-bn-cp-t¯@Xv.
A-Xn-\v B-[p-\n-I `-£y hn-X-c-W irw-J-
e-I-fp-sS L-S-\-bpw {]-hÀ-¯-\ co-Xn-bp-sa-§-
s\-sb-¶v B-Zyw ]-cn-tim-[n-t¡@Xp@v. Ir-
jn- ¡ m- c ³ D- e v - ] m- Z n- ¸ n- ¡ p- ¶ hn- ` - h - § Ä,

14 \hw_À 2020
21
sam-¯-¡-¨-h-S-¡mÀ, A-h-cnÂ-\n-¶v sN-dp-In-S
hym-]m-cn-IÄ, A-hn-sS-\n-¶v D-]-t`m-àm-¡-fn-
te-¡pw F-¯p-¶ \n-e-hn-ep-Å Xn-I-¨pw e-fn-
X-am-b kw-hn-[m-\-a-Ã B-[p-\n-I `-£y hn-X-
c-W irw-J-e-IÄ. Xm-sg-¸-d-bp-¶-h-bm-Wv
C-Xn-sâ {]-tXy-I-X-IÄ.
1) A-Xym-[p-\n-I b-{´-km-a-{Kn-IÄ, tImÄ-Uv
kv-täm-td-Pp-IÄ, `-£y-h-kv-Xp ]-cn-N-c-W km-
t¦-Xn-I hn-Zy-IÄ F-¶n-h h-gn DÂ-¸-¶-§Ä
ZoÀ-L-Im-ew tI-Sp-Iq-Sm-sX kw-`-cn-¡p-¶ kw-
hn-[m-\-§Ä .
2) hn-]-Wn-bp-sS B-h-iy-¯n-\-\p-k-cn-¨p-Å
G-Xm-\pw `-£y-hn-`-h-§Ä h³-tXm-Xn Ir-
jn-¡m-sc-s¡m@v Ir-jn sN-¿n-¡p-I-bpw A-h
h³-In-S-I-¼-\n-IÄ Ir-jn-¡m-cn \n-¶v I-cm-d-
Sn-Øm-\-¯n t\-cn-«p hm-§p-I-bpw sN-¿p-¶
co-Xn.
3) Cu I-¼-\n-IÄ B-Ip-¶ N-§-e-¡-®n-
bn \n-¶pw hn-`-h-§Ä `-£y kw-kv-I-c-W
I-¼-\n-IÄ-¡v tem-I-¯v F-hn-tS-¡pw F-¯n-
¨p-sIm-Sp-¡p-¶ tem-Pn-Ìn-Iv-kv I-¼-\n-IÄ.
4)C-hÀ F-¯n-¡p-¶ hn-`-h-§Ä kw-kv-I-cn-
¨v aq-ey-hÀ-²n-X DÂ-¸-¶-§-fm-¡n am-äp-¶
`-£y-hy-h-km-b-im-e-I-fm-Ip-¶ I-®n-IÄ.
5) H-Sp-hn `-£y-hn-`-h-§-fpw `-£-W-km-[-
\-§-fpw D-]-t`m-àm-¡-fn-te-¡v F-¯n-¡p-¶
sN-dp-In-S hym-]m-c-¯n-sâ h³-In-S kq-¸À amÀ-
¡-äp-IÄ .
A-Xm-b-Xv Ir-jn-¡m-c³, D-]-t`m-àm-hv
F-¶o c@ä-§-sf X-½n _-Ôn-¸n-¡p-¶ hn-
[w kw-`-c-Ww, kw-kv-I-c-Ww, hn-\n-a-bw, hn-X-
c-Ww F-¶n-§-s\-bp-Å I-®n-IÄ cq-]-s¸-Sp-
22
H-scm-ä 'P-bv-{io-dmw' hn-fn-bp-
sS h³-a-Xn-ep-sIm@v F-Ãm
B-Xp-c-X-I-sf-bpw `-c-W-Iq-
Sw a-d-¨pI-f-bpw. C-\n `-£y
a-cp-`q-an-I-fp-sS-bpw `-£y
N-Xp-¸p-I-fp-sS-bpw \-Sp-hn-en-cp-
¶p \-½Ä B-tKm-f ]-«n-Wn
]-«n-I-bn 102 \n-¶v H-Sp-hn-
e-s¯ 117 Â F-¯n \nÂ-¡pw.
A-t¸m-tg-¡pw A-´m-cm-{ã
ImÀ-jn-I- `-£y-`o-a-·m-cm-b
ImÀ-Kn-epw ssS-k-Wpw tIm¬-
Sn-s\â s{K-bn-\pw F.Un.
F-½pw F.Pn.]n.bpw _-©pw
{Im-^v-äpw sI-tÃm-Kv-kpw bq-
Wn-en-h-dpw sam¬-km-tâm-s_-
b-dpw A-h-cp-sS Pn.Fw tNm-fw
tkm-b-I-fpw s\-kv-te-bpw
dn-e-b³-kpw sF.Sn.kn.bpw
A-h-cp-sS `-£y hn-X-c-W irw-
J-e-IÄ sIm@v C-´y-sb ]-cn-
]qÀ-W-am-bpw h-cn-ªp-ap-dp-
¡n I-gn-ªn-cn-¡pw.
14 \hw_À 2020
¯p-I-bpw A-h B-tKm-f-X-e-¯n-ep-Å hym-
]m-c-hpw hy-h-km-b-hp-am-¡n h-fÀ-¯n-sb-Sp-¡p-
I-bpw sN-¿p-¶ tImÀ-¸-td-äv kw-hn-[m-\-am-Wv
B-[p-\n-I `-£y-hn-X-c-W irw-J-e-IÄ.
a-\p-jy-Po-hn-bp-sS H-¶m-a-s¯ DÂ-]m-Z-\-D-
]-t`m-K {]-{In-b-I-fm-Ip-¶ Ir-jn-bpw B-lm-c-
hpw k-¼qÀ-W tImÀ-¸-td-äv hÂ-¡-c-W-¯n-sâ
]n-Sn-bn-em-¡n-b H-cp \-h-hy-h-Ø-bm-Wv B-[p-
\n-I `-£y hn-X-c-W irw-J-e. F-¶m \-½p-
sS C-t¶m-f-ap-Å a-äp DÂ-]m-Z-\-D-]-t`m-K ta-
J-e-I-fnÂ-\n-¶v Xn-I-¨pw hn-`n-¶-am-b H-cp
tem-I-am-Wv Ir-jn-bpw `-£-W-hpw {]-Xn-\n-[o-
I-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. H-cp I-¼-\n-bn ^m³ \nÀ-an-¡p-
¶-Xv t]m-se-tbm A-Xn-sâ Im-tä-äv \-½Ä
D-d-§p-¶-Xp t]m-se-tbm, sS-en-hn-j³, tam-
t«mÀ hm-l-\-§Ä, ^À-Wn-¨-dp-IÄ F-¶n-
§-s\ A-kw-Jyw km-[-\-§Ä D@m-¡p-I-tbm
D-]-tbm-Kn-¡p-I-tbm sN-¿p-¶-Xv t]m-se-tbm
D-Å DÂ-¸m-Z-\-hpw D-]-t`m-K-hp-a-Ã Ir-jn-`-£-
W-§Ä. A-Xp-sIm@p-X-s¶ B-[p-\n-I im-
kv-{X km-t¦-Xn-I-hn-Zy-bp-sS kÀ-h k-¶m-l-
§-fpw (a-\:im-kv-{Xw DÄ-s¸-sS) A-Xn-hn-Z-
Kv-[-am-bn k-am-l-cn-¨pw A-Xn-I-Wn-i-am-bn Nn-
«-s¸-Sp-¯n-bpw em-`-hpw h-fÀ-¨-bpw tI-{µ-am-¡n
k-Zm N-e-\m-ß-I-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶ tImÀ-¸-td-äv
hn-X-c-W irw-J-e-IÄ C-X-c ta-J-e-I-fnÂ
F-¶-t]m-se Ir-jn-`-£-W-§-fn-te-¡v B-[n-
]-Xyw D-d-¸n-¡p-¶-Xv, th-dn-« hn-i-Z-am-b ]
T-\-¯n-\v hn-t[-b-am-t¡@Xp@v.
H-cp-h-i-¯v \n-Xy k-tN-X-\-am-b a-®v, a-dp-
h-i-¯v A-\p-£-Ww IÀ-a-\n-c-X-am-b a-\p-jy-
i-co-cw, C-h c@pw Ir-jn-`-£-W-§-fm I-®n
tNÀ-¡-s¸-Sp-¶ ssP-h-irw-J-e-bm-Wv. ImÀ-jn-
tIm-ev-]m-Z-\-hpw `-£-tWm-]-t`m-K-hpw. a-®v
F-¶ B-hm-k-hy-h-Ø-bn DÂ-¸m-Z-\w \-S-
¯n A-Xn-sâ A-\p-_-Ô-am-b a-\p-jy-i-co-cw
F-¶ a-säm-cp B-hm-k-hy-h-Ø-bn-se D-]-t`m-K
{]-{In-b-bn A-h-km-\n-¡p-¶ Po-h {]-Ir-Xn-
bp-sS Xm-f-ap@Xn-\v. A-Xp-sIm@p-X-s¶ ]-«n-
Wn, Zm-cn-{Zyw, sXm-gn-en-Ãm-bv-a F-¶n-§-s\
km-¼-¯n-I-im-kv-{X-¯n-sâ km-{¼-Zm-bn-I
A-f-hp-`m-j sIm@v a-\-Ên-em-¡p-¶-Xn-\-¸p-d-
¯p-Å, Kp-W-]-c-am-b aq-ey-ap-Å
Po-h-sâ kp-Øn-Xn-bp-sS B-Wn-¡-Ãm-Wv
`-£-W-¯n-sâ D-Xv-]m-Z-\-D-]-t`m-K hy-h-Ø.
cm-{ã-¯n-sâ km-¼-¯n-Im-`n-hr-²n, `-£y kp-
c-£, sXm-gn-ep-d-¸v F-¶n-h-sbm-s¡ H-cp ]-cn-
[n-h-sc F-¯n-¸n-Sn-¡m-\m-bm-epw A-h-sbm-s¡
A-\p-`-hn-¨v F-Ãm-hÀ-¡pw Po-hn-Xm-\-µw {]m-
]y-am-I-W-sa-¦n a-®v, a-\p-jy-i-co-cw F-¶o
\nÀ-Wm-b-I ]-cn-Øn-Xn tem-e-ta-J-e-IÄ
A-Xo-h kq-£v-a-X-tbm-sS Kp-W-]-c-am-bn X-s¶
kw-c-£n-¡-s¸-tS@Xp@v.
F-¶mÂ, C-´y-bn-se 135 tIm-Sn-bn-te-sd
h-cp-¶ P-\-§-sf F-Ãm-h-sc-bpw _m-[n-¡p-¶
Im-X-em-b H-cp hn-j-b-s¯, A-Xn-sâ aÀ-a-
¯n sXm-Sm-sX, ImÀ-jn-I-ta-J-e-sb _m-[n-
¡p-¶ H-cp hn-j-bw F-¶ co-Xn-bnÂ, km-{¼-
14 \hw_À 2020
Zm-bn-I-am-b k-a-c ]-cn-]m-Sn-bm-bn, _-lp-P-\
]-¦m-fn-¯-tam ]n-´p-W-tbm th@{X C-Ãm-sX
G-I-]-£o-b-am-¡n am-äp-¶p@v. `-£-Ww Po-h-
sâ A-Sn-Øm-\m-h-iy-am-bn-cn-s¡, ImÀ-jn-I
{]-iv-\-s¯ F-Ãm-h-sc-bpw _m-[n-¡p-¶ \n-e-
\nÂ-¸n-sâ B-tcm-Ky-hn-j-b-am-bn \mw H-¶m-a-
Xv a-\-Ên-em-t¡@Xp@v. Ir-jn, {]-Ir-Xn-bp-
am-bp-Å a-\p-jy-sâ B-Zy-s¯ t\À-¡p-t\-sc
\nÂ-¸v B-b-Xn-\mÂ, ImÀ-jn-I-th-e A-Sn-Øm-
\-]-c-am-b ]m-cn-Øn-Xn-I hn-j-b-sa-¶ co-Xn-bn-
epw NÀ-¨ sN-t¿@Xv A-Xym-h-iy-am-Wv. Np-
cp- ¡ n- ¸ - d - ª m Ir- j n- b n h- c p- ¯ p- ¶
G-sXm-cp am-ä-hpw IÀ-j-I-sc-tbm sXm-gn-en-s\-
tbm k-¼-¯n-s\-tbm _m-[n-¡p-¶ hn-j-bw
F-¶-Xn-ep-]-cn a-\p-jy-]-cn-Øn-Xn-sb km-c-am-bn
_m-[n-¡p-¶ C-S-s]-S F-¶ X-c-¯n th-Ww
hn-e-bn-cp-t¯@Xv.
90 tIm-Sn-bn-te-sd C-´y³ Po-hn-X-§Ä A-h-
cp-sS Po-hn-X-hr-¯n I-s@¯p-¶ ImÀ-jn-I
-`-£y-ta-J-e-sb k-¼qÀ-W-am-bn kz-tZ-in-hn-tZ-
in t`-Z-sa-t\y tImÀ-¸-td-äv hn-i-¸n-sâ {`m-´-
am-b BÀ-¯n-¡v sh-Ån-¸m-{X-¯n sh-¨v
sIm-Sp-¡p-¶ cm-Py-t{Zm-l-am-Wv 3 ImÀ-jn-I
_n-Ãp-IÄ \n-b-a-am-¡n sIm@v IÀ-j-t£-a-
¯n-s\-¶ hym-tP-\ tI-{µ K-h¬-saâ v sN-bv-
Xp sh-¨n-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. XÂ-^-e-am-bn A-ta-cn-¡-
bn-se-bpw sa-Iv-kn-t¡m-bn-se-bpw F-¶-t]m-se,
Ir-jn-¡m-c³, D-]-t`m-àm-hv
F-¶o c@ä-§-sf X-½n _-Ôn-
¸n-¡p-¶ hn-[w kw-`-c-Ww, kw-
kv-I-c-Ww, hn-\n-a-bw, hn-X-c-Ww
F-¶n-§-s\-bp-Å I-®n-IÄ cq-]-
s¸-Sp-¯p-I-bpw A-h B-tKm-f-X-
e-¯n-ep-Å hym-]m-c-hpw hy-h-km-b-
hp-am-¡n h-fÀ-¯n-sb-Sp-¡p-I-bpw
sN-¿p-¶ tImÀ-¸-td-äv kw-hn-[m-\-
am-Wv B-[p-\n-I `-£y-hn-X-c-W
irw-J-e-IÄ. a-\p-jy-Po-hn-bp-sS
H-¶m-a-s¯ DÂ-
]m-Z-\- D-]-t`m-K {]-{In-b-I-fm-Ip-¶
Ir-jn-bpw B-lm-c-hpw k-¼qÀ-W
tImÀ-¸-td-äv hÂ-¡-c-W-¯n-sâ
]n-Sn-bn-em-¡n-b H-cp \-h-hy-h-Ø-
bm-Wv B-[p-\n-I `-£y hn-X-c-W
irw-J-e. F-¶m \-½p-sS C-t¶m-
f-ap-Å a-äp DÂ-]m-Z-\-D-]-t`m-K
ta-J-e-I-fnÂ-\n-¶v Xn-I-¨pw hn-`n-
¶-am-b H-cp tem-I-am-Wv Ir-jn-bpw
`-£-W-hpw {]-Xn-\n-[o-I-cn-¡p-¶-
Xv.
23
`-£y k-¼-Zv-L-S-\-bn \n-¶v 1990IÄ ap-XÂ
sXm-gnÂ-c-ln-X-cm-bn \-K-c-§-fn-te-¡p-Å A-`-
bmÀ-°n {]-hm-lw A-Xn-sâ D-¨-Øm-bn-bnÂ
F-¯pw. Cu \-K-c Z-cn-{Z k-aq-l-§Ä-¡v th@n
a-Iv-sUm-WmÄ-Uv-kpw hmÄ-amÀ-«pw hn-e-Ip-d-ª
P-¦v ^p-Uv s]m-Xn-IÄ hn-X-c-Ww sN-bv-Xv, A-h-
sc B-tKm-f `-£-W-¯n-sâ \-h-cp-Nn-I-fnÂ
B- d m- S n- ¨ v, C- ´ y³ `- £ y- k p- c - £ - ¡ v
]p-Xn-b am-\-§Ä N-a-¨p-sIm@v tem-I-¯n-se
G-ä-hpw tcm-Km-Xp-c-am-b k-aq-l-am-¡n am-äpw.
]-t£ H-scm-ä 'P-bv-{io-dmw' hn-fn-bp-sS h³-a-Xn-
ep-sIm@v F-Ãm B-Xp-c-X-I-sf-bpw `-c-W-Iq-Sw
a-d-¨p I-f-bpw. C-\n `-£y a-cp-`q-an-I-fp-sS-bpw
`-£y N-Xp-¸p-I-fp-sS-bpw \-Sp-hn-en-cp-¶p \-½Ä
B-tKm-f ]-«n-Wn ]-«n-I-bn 102 \n-¶v H-Sp-
hn-e-s¯ 117 Â F-¯n \nÂ-¡pw. A-t¸m-tg-¡pw
A-´m-cm-{ã ImÀ-jn-I- `-£y-`o-a-·m-cm-b ImÀ-
Kn-epw ssS-k-Wpw tIm¬-Sn-s\â s{K-bn-\pw
F.Un.F-½pw F.Pn.]n.bpw _-©pw {Im-^v-äpw
sI-tÃm-Kv-kpw bq-Wn-en-h-dpw sam¬-km-tâm-
s_-b-dpw A-h-cp-sS Pn.Fw tNm-fw tkm-b-I-fpw
s\-kv-te-bpw dn-e-b³-kpw sF.Sn.kn.bpw A-h-
cp-sS `-£y hn-X-c-W irw-J-e-IÄ sIm@v
C-´y-sb ]-cn-]qÀ-W-am-bpw h-cn-ªp-ap-dp-¡n
I-gn-ªn-cn-¡pw.
B-tKm-f tImÀ-¸-td-äp-I-fp-sS \n-t£-]-§-
fm ]-Sp-¯p-bÀ-¯-s¸-« B-[p-\n-I `-£y-hn-
X-c-W irw-J-e-IÄ ssP-h-{]-Ir-Xn-IÄ X-s¶-
bm-b a-®n-t\m-Spw a-\p-jy-i-co-c-t¯m-Spw
km-¼-¯n-I-im-kv-{X-¯n-sâ em-`m-[n-jvTn-X
\n-b-a-§-fp-am-bn C-S-s]-Sp-t¼mÄ ]m-cn-Øn-Xn-
I-am-bn kw-`-hn-¡p-¶ B-Lm-X-§-fm-Wv k-hn-
ti-j-am-bn ]T-\w \-S-t¯@Xv. A-Xm-b-Xv,
tI-{µ K-h¬-saâ v ]m-km-¡n-b aq-¶p ImÀ-jn-I
_n-Ãp-IÄ \-½p-sS ImÀ-jn-I B-hm-k-hy-h-Ø-
bn-epw 135 tIm-Sn P-\-§-fp-sS i-co-c-¯n-epw
F-´p ]m-cn-Øn-Xn-Im-Lm-X-§-fm-Wv GÂ-¸n-
¡m³ t]m-Ip-¶-Xv? H-¶p-Iq-Sn sX-fn-¨p-]-d-
ªm B-tKm-f tImÀ-¸-td-äp-I-fm kw-hn-[m-
\w sN-¿-s¸-«v a-\p-jy-i-co-cw F-¶ B-hm-k
hy-h-Ø-bn-te-¡v \n-t£-]n-¡-s¸-Sp-¶ `-£y
-`-£-W-hn-`-h-§Ä-ImÀ-jn-I-cw-K-s¯ km-aq-ly
24
Po-h-sâ kp-Øn-Xn-bp-sS B-Wn-¡-
Ãm-Wv `-£-W-¯n-sâ D-Xv-]m-Z-\-D-]-
t`m-K hy-h-Ø. cm-{ã-¯n-sâ km-
¼-¯n-Im-`n-hr-²n, `-£y kp-c-£,
sXm-gn-ep-d-¸v F-¶n-h-sbm-s¡ H-cp
]-cn-[n-h-sc F-¯n-¸n-Sn-¡m-\m-bm-epw
A-h-sbm-s¡ A-\p-`-hn-¨v F-Ãm-hÀ-
¡pw Po-hn-Xm-\-µw {]m-
]y-am-I-W-sa-¦n a-®v, a-\p-jy-i-co-
cw F-¶o \nÀ-Wm-b-I ]-cn-Øn-Xn
tem-e-ta-J-e-IÄ A-Xo-h kq-£v-a-X-
tbm-sS Kp-W-]-c-am-bn X-s¶ kw-c-
£n-¡-s¸-tS@Xp@v.
F-¶mÂ, C-´y-bn-se 135 tIm-Sn-bn-
te-sd h-cp-¶ P-\-§-sf F-Ãm-h-sc-
bpw _m-[n-¡p-¶ Im-X-em-b H-cp
hn-j-b-s¯, A-Xn-sâ aÀ-a-¯nÂ
sXm-Sm-sX, ImÀ-jn-I-ta-J-e-sb
_m-[n-¡p-¶ H-cp hn-j-bw F-¶
co-Xn-bnÂ, km-{¼-Zm-bn-I-am-b k-a-c
]-cn-]m-Sn-bm-bn, _-lp-P-\ ]-¦m-fn-¯-
tam ]n-´p-W-tbm th@{X C-Ãm-sX
G-I-]-£o-b-am-¡n am-äp-¶p@v.
km-¼-¯n-I {]-iv-\w F-¶-Xn-ep-]-cn C-´y³
k- a q- l - ¯ n- s â B- t cm- K y- ] - c n- Ø n- X n- b nÂ
F-s´-´p {]-Xym-Lm-X-§-fm-Wv \m-sf kr-ãn-
¡m³ t]m-Ip-¶-Xv? tImÀ-¸-td-äv `-£-W DÂ-
¸m-Z-\ hy-h-Ø-bm-b `-£y-hn-X-c-W irw-J-e-
IÄ, C-´y-bn ]n-d-¡m-\n-cn-¡p-¶ Hm-tcm
Ip-ªn-sâ-bpw B-tcm-Ky-`m-hn-sb \nÀ-W-bn-
¡p-¶-Xv F-§-s\-sb-¶, ap-Jy-[m-cm km-¼-¯n-
I-im-kv-{Xw NÀ-¨ sN-¿m-¯ au-en-I-am-b tNm-
Zyw D-¶-bn-¡p-t¼mÄ am-{X-ta ]p-Xn-b ImÀ-
jn-I \n-b-a-§Ä-s¡-Xn-cm-b IÀ-j-I k-a-c-§Ä
P-\m-tcm-Ky {]-t£m-`-am-bn h-fÀ-¶p I-cp-¯p-
t\-Sn tImÀ-¸-td-äv `-£-W hn-X-c-Wm-[n-]-Xy-
s¯ X-g-bp-¶ P-\-Io-b Iq-«m-bv-a-I-fp-sS {l-kz
hn-X-c-W irw-J-e-IÄ (Shorts Supply Chains)
Øm-]n-¨p _-ZÂ i-àn-bm-bn h-f-cq.
I-]-S tZ-i-kv-t\-l-hpw a-X i-{Xp-X-bpw Z-fn-
Xv ]o-U-\-hpw ssI-ap-X-em-¡n-b P-\m-[n-]-Xy
-hn-cp-²-am-b `-c-W hÀ-K-¯n-\p am-{X-ta C-S-Xp-
h-e-Xp I-£n-I-tf-¡mÄ A-Xn-io-{Lw F-Ãm
F-XnÀ-¸p-I-sf-bpw \n-jv-I-cp-Ww I@n-sÃ-¶v
\-Sn-¨v B-tKm-f tImÀ-¸-td-äp-IÄ-¡v Hm-im-\ ]
m-Sm³ I-gn-bq F-¶v tImÀ-¸-td-äv _p-²n-tI-{µ-
§Ä-¡v Cu-Ìn-´ym I-¼-\n-bp-sS Im-ew
sXm-t« Xn-I-¨pw D-¯-a-t_m-[y-ap-Å-Xm-Wv.
Im-c-Ww A-h-cm-Wv Cu a-Xm-[n-jvTn-X cm-{ão-b
t_m-[-s¯ C-´y³ a-®n sh-Åw H-gn-¨p-
14 \hw_À 2020
sIm-Sp-¯p h-fÀ-¯n h-ep-Xm-¡n-b-Xv. \-½p-sS
C-S-Xp-h-e-Xp P-\m-[n-]-Xy I-£n-IÄ B-I-s«
D-Zm-c-hÂ-¡-c-W-¯n-sâ aq-e-[-\ Ip-s¯m-gp-
¡n-s\-Xn-sc B-i-b-]-c-am-bn X-s¶ ]-cm-P-b-
s¸-«p, D-Åm-se A-Xn-sâ B-cm-[-I-hr-µ-am-bn
A-`n-c-an-¡p-I-bm-Wv. Cu km-l-N-cy-¯nÂ
Ir-jn-bp-sS-bpw `-£-W-¯n-sâ-bpw P-\m-tcm-
Ky-¯n-sâ-bpw ]p-Xn-b kÀ-Km-ß-I cm-{ão-bw
_-ZÂ i-àn-bm-bn h-fÀ-¶p h-cm-sX \nÀ-hm-
l-an-Ã. \m-«p-Ir-jn-sb-bpw `-£-W kw-kv-Im-
c-s¯-bpw \m-«p-N-´-I-sf-bpw, A-h-bp-sS km-
¼-¯n-I-hpw ]m-cn-Øn-Xn-I-hpw B-tcm-Ky-]-
c-hp-am-b aq-eyw Xn-cn-¨-dn-ªp sIm@v, B-tKm-f
`-£y hn-X-c-W irw-J-e-IÄ-¡p ]-I-cw P-\-
Io-b-am-b e-Lp-`-£y hn-X-c-W irw-J-e-IÄ
Ir-jn-¡m-cp-sS-bpw sN-dp I-¨-h-S-¡m-cp-sS-bpw
D-]-t`m-àm-¡-fp-sS-bpw Iq-«m-bv-a-bn cm-Py-
¯p-S-\o-fw cq-]-s¸-tS@Xp@v. A-ta-cn-¡-bnÂ
DÄ-s¸-sS ]-e cm-Py-§-fn-epw tImÀ-¸-td-äv
`-£-Wm-[n-]-Xy-¯n-sâ ]m-cn-Øn-Xn-I- km-aq-
14 \hw_À 2020
ly-km-¼-¯n-I A-\o-Xn-IÄ-s¡-Xn-sc A-¯-
c-sam-cp ap-t¶-äw i-à-am-Ip-¶p@n-¶v. {]m-tZ-
in-I, tZ-io-b A-´À-tZ-io-b-am-b X-e-§-fn-
se-Ãmw IÀ-j-I D-]-t`m-àr Iq-«m-bv-a-IÄ tNÀ-
¶v B-tKm-fo-Ir-X ^m-Ìv-^p-Uv irw-J-e-¡p
]-I-cw tem-¡Â-tÉm-^p-Uv aq-hv-saâp-I-fp-tS-
Xm-I-Ww `m-hn-tem-Iw.
1. `-£-Wm-[n-\n-th-i tImÀ-¸-td-äp-I-fp-sS
h-fÀ-¨-sb-bpw C-´y³ km-[y-X-I-sf-bpw B-[n-
Im-cn-I-am-bn ]Tn-¡p-I-bpw, C-\n F-§-s\
I-cp-¯mÀ-Pn-¨p ap-t¶-d-W-sa-¶v A-h-sc D-]-tZ-
in-¡p-I-bpw, A-Xn-\v K-h¬-saân-sâ ImÀ-jn-
I-`-£y \-b-§-fn F-´v am-ä-§Ä B-Wv
sIm@p-h-tc@sX-¶v \nÀ-tZ-in-¡p-I-bpw sN-
¿p-¶, tImÀ-¸-td-äv [-\-k-lm-b-¯m N-en-
¡p-¶ CâÀ-\m-j-W ^p-Uv t]m-fn-kn dn-kÀ-
¨v C³-Ìn-äyq-«v F-¶ B-tKm-f ImÀ-jn-I-`-£-W
tImÀ-¸-td-äv F³.Pn.H. \-S-¯n-b K-th-j-W
tc-J-bm-Wv The Quiet Revolution in India's Food
Supply Chains.
25
tPk¬ Ìm³en / Nman l-cn-Ir-jvW³
hn-h: dw-ko-\ D-ssa-_

C -Xp-h-sc-bp-Å Cu Xn-c-sª-Sp-¸v
^-e-s¯ \n-§Ä F-§s\ Im-Wp-
¶p?
sUm-WmÄ-Uv {Sw-]n-\v e-`n-t¡@
Xn-epw Iq-Sp-XÂ thm-«p-IÄ e-`n-¨p. sh-fp-¯
sXm-gn-em-fn-hÀ-K A-ta-cn-¡-¡m-sc {Sw-t]m dn-
¸-»n-¡³ ]mÀ-«n-tbm k-lm-bn-¡p-¶n-Ã. ]-t£
A-hÀ sh-fp-¯ hw-io-b-tZ-io-b A-P@bp-am-bn
s]m-cp-¯-s¸-Sp-I-bpw I-dp-¯-hÀ-K-¡m-tc-¡m-
fpw Ip-Sn-tb-ä-¡m-tc-¡m-fpw D-bÀ-¶-h-cm-bn kz-
bw I-cp-Xp-I-bpw sN-¿p-¶p. I-gn-ª Xnc-sª-
Sp-¸n C-´y-bn Z-fn-XÀ _n-sP-]n-¡v thm-«v
sN-bv-Xp. F-´p-sIm@m-Wv Z-en-XÀ ln-µp-Xz-
¯n-\v thm-«v sN-¿p-¶-Xv F-¶-Xv A-Ûp-X-s¸-
Sp-¯p-¶p. sh-fp-¯ sXm-gn-em-fn hÀ-¤ A-ta-cn-

{Sw-]v
t]m-bmepw
hw-io-b-X
Xp-S-cpw
tb bq-Wn-th-gv-kn-än(Yale Universi-
ty)-bn-se ^n-te-m-k-^n A-[ym-]-I-\pw
How Fascism Works: The politics of US
and them F-¶ ]p-kv-X-I-¯n-sâ c-N-bn-
Xm-hp-amb tPk¬ Ìmâ v-en
A-ta-cn-¡³ sX-c-sª-Sp-¸n-s\bpw
`m-hn-sb-bpw Ip-dn-¨v kw-km-cn-¡p¶p.

26 14 \hw_À 2020
 tPm ss_U³

14 \hw_À 2020
27
¡-¡m-cp-sS Im-cy-¯n-epw C-tX {]-Xn-`m-k-am-Wv
Im-Wm³ I-gn-bp-¶-Xv.

Cu Xn-c-sª-Sp-¸v A-ta-cn-¡-sb-¡p-dn-¨v
F-´m-Wv sh-fn-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶-Xv?
sh-fp-¯ tZ-io-b-X F-Ãm-bv-t¸m-gpw H-cp {]-
_-e i-àn-bm-bn-cn-¡p-sa-¶m-Wv Cu Xn-c-sª-
Sp-¸v sh-fn-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶-Xv. F-¶m A-Xv H-cp
\yq-\-]-£ i-àn-bm-bn-cn-¡pw. P-\-Io-b thm-«v
t\m-¡p-I-bm-sW-¦nÂ, sU-tam-{Im-äp-I-fm-Wv
A-Xv Xp-SÀ-¨-bm-bn t\-Sn-bn-cn-¡p-¶-Xv F-¶v
Im-Wmw. dn-¸-»n-¡³ ]mÀ-«n tkz-Ñm-[n-]-Xy-
¯n ap-gp-Ip-I-bm-Wv. F-Ãm-bv-t¸m-gpw H-cp
hw-io-b-tZ-io-b, ssh-äv \m-j-W-en-Ìv Im-s¼-
bv³ \-S-¯m³ I-gn-bp-sa-¶v {Sw-]v sX-fn-bn-¨n-
«p@v. Iq-Sm-sX C-e-Î-d tIm-tf-Pn-\v H-cp
P-\m-[n-]-Xy hn-cp-² L-S-\ \Â-Ip-I-bm-sW-
¦n \n-§Ä-¡v h-f-sc h-en-b ]n-´p-W X-s¶
e-`n-¡p-I-bpw sN-¿pw. sXm-gn-em-fn-hÀ-K-¯n-se
sh-Å-¡m-cm-b A-ta-cn-¡-¡mÀ A-hÀ-¡v XmÂ-
¸-cy-an-Ãm-¯ H-cp ]mÀ-«n-¡v thm-«p-sN-¿p-I-bpw
C-Ã. Im-c-Ww B ]mÀ-«n sh-Å-¡m-c-Ãm-¯-h-sc
Iq-Sp-X th-Z-\n-¸n-¡p-I-bpw sN-¿pw. R-§Ä-
¡v F-Ãm-bv-t¸m-gpw H-cp hw-io-b-hm-Z `o-j-Wn
D@m-Ip-sa-¶v R-§Ä a-\-Ên-em-¡p-¶p. R-§-
fp-sS N-cn-{X-am-Wv A-Xv R-§-sf t_m-[y-s¸-Sp-
¯p-¶-Xv. tem-I-sa-¼m-Spw Xo-{h tZ-io-b-hm-Z-
hw-io-b {]-Øm-\-§-fp@v, R-§Ä A-XnÂ
\n-s¶m-¶pw hy-Xy-kv-X-c-Ã. Hm-tcm cm-Py-¯n-

sUm-WmÄ-Uv {Sw-]n-\v
e-`n-t¡@Xn-epw Iq-Sp-XÂ
thm-«p-IÄ e-`n-¨p. sh-fp-¯
sXm-gn-em-fn-hÀ-K A-ta-cn-¡-¡m-
sc {Sw-t]m dn-¸-»n-¡³ ]mÀ-«n-
tbm k-lm-bn-¡p-¶n-Ã. ]-t£
A-hÀ sh-fp-¯ hw-io-b-tZ-io-b
A-P@bp-am-bn s]m-cp-¯-s¸-
Sp-I-bpw I-dp-¯-hÀ-K-¡m-tc-
¡m-fpw Ip-Sn-tb-ä-¡m-tc-¡m-fpw
D-bÀ-¶-h-cm-bn kz-bw I-cp-Xp-
I-bpw sN-¿p-¶p. I-gn-ª
Xn-c-sª-Sp-¸n C-´y-bnÂ
Z-en-XÀ _n-sP-]n-¡v thm-«v sN-bv-
Xp. F-´p-sIm@m-Wv Z-en-XÀ
ln-µp-Xz-¯n-\v thm-«v sN-¿p-¶-
Xv F-¶-Xv A-Ûp-X-s¸-Sp-¯p-
¶p. sh-fp-¯ sXm-gn-em-fn hÀ-K
A-ta-cn-¡-¡m-cp-sS Im-cy-¯n-epw
C-tX {]-Xn-`m-k-am-Wv Im-Wm³
I-gn-bp-¶-Xv.

28 14 \hw_À 2020
 tPk¬ Ìmâ v-en

14 \hw_À 2020
29
 P-\-Io-bthm-«v t\m-¡p-I-bm-sW-
¦nÂ, sU-tam-{Im-äp-I-fm-Wv A-Xv
Xp-SÀ-¨-bm-bn t\-Sn-bn-cn-¡p-¶-Xv
F-¶v Im-Wmw. dn-¸-»n-¡³ ]mÀ-«n
tkz-Ñm-[n-]-Xy-¯n ap-gp-Ip-I-bm-
Wv. F-Ãm-bv-t¸m-gpw H-cp hw-io-b-tZ-
io-b, ssh-äv \m-j-W-en-Ìv Im-s¼-
bv³ \-S-¯m³ I-gn-bp-sa-¶v
{Sw-]v sX-fn-bn-¨n-«p@v. Iq-Sm-sX
C-e-Î-d tIm-f-Pn-\v H-cp P-\m-[n-
]-Xy hn-cp-² L-S-\ \Â-Ip-I-bm-
sW-¦n \n-§Ä-¡v h-f-sc h-en-b
]n-´p-W X-s¶ e-`n-¡p-I-bpw
sN-¿pw. sXm-gn-em-fn-hÀ-K-¯n-se
sh-Å-¡m-cm-b A-ta-cn-¡-¡mÀ
A-hÀ-¡v XmÂ-¸-cy-an-Ãm-¯ H-cp
]mÀ-«n-¡v thm-«p-sN-¿p-I-bpw C-Ã.
Im-c-Ww B ]mÀ-«n sh-Å-¡m-c-Ãm-
¯-h-sc Iq-Sp-XÂ th-Z-\n-¸n-¡p-I-
bpw sN-¿pw. R-§Ä-¡v F-Ãm-bv-
t¸m-gpw H-cp hw-io-b-hm-Z `o-j-Wn
D@m-Ip-sa-¶v R-§Ä a-\-Ên-em-
¡p-¶p. R-§-fp-sS N-cn-{X-am-Wv
A-Xv R-§-sf t_m-[y-s¸-Sp-
¯p-¶-Xv. tem-I-sa-¼m-Spw Xo-{h
tZ-io-b-hm-Z-hw-io-b {]-Øm-\-§-
fp@v, R-§Ä A-Xn \n-s¶m-
¶pw hy-Xy-kv-X-c-Ã.

30 14 \hw_À 2020
14 \hw_À 2020
31

\pw A-Xn-tâ-Xm-b ]-Xn-¸p-I-fp@v.
^v-tfm-dn-U-bn-se Iyq-_³ A-ta-cn-¡-¡m-cpw
sS-Iv-k-kn-se ln-kv-]m-\n-Iv-kpw {Sw-]n-\v thm-
«p-sN-bv-X-Xv F-´p-s¡m@m-bn-cn-¡pw?
H-¶m-a-s¯ Im-c-Ww Iyq-_³ A-ta-cn-¡-
¡mÀ F-Ãm-bv-t¸m-gpw dn-¸-»n-¡³-am-cm-bn-cp-¶p
F-¶-Xm-Wv. {Sw-]n-te-¡v Im-cy-am-b em-än-t\m
am-äw D@m-bn-«p-s@¶v Nn-´n-¡m³ i-cn-bm-b
a-äp Im-c-W-§-sfm-¶p-an-Ã Xm-\pw. A-tX Zn-h-
32
A-Xn-{I-a ap-X-em-fn-¯ `-c-W-Iq-
S-§-sf-Ãmw X-s¶ tIm-S-Xn-IÄ
]n-Sn-s¨-Sp-¡p-I-bm-Wv. A-Xp-
sIm@pX-s¶ ]p-tcm-K-a-\-]-c-
am-b \n-b-a- \nÀam-W-§Ä-¡v
Cu tIm-S-Xn-IÄ X-S-Ê-am-Ip-
I-bm-Wv. 50 : -50 F-¶v tXm-¶n-
¡p-¶ sk-\-än-s\ dn-¸-»n-¡³-
amÀ- \n-e-\nÀ-¯p-I-bm-sW-¦nÂ-,
G-sX-¦n-epw ]p-tcm-K-a-\ \n-b-a-\n
À-am-Ww \-S-¸m-Ip-sa-¶ Im-cy-
¯n H-«pw {]-Xo-£-bn-Ã. C-Xp-
sIm-s@Ãmw X-s¶ C-Xv h-f-sc
_p-²n-ap-«p-Å H-cp L-«-am-Wv. G-ä-
hpw {]-bm-k-ta-dn-b \m-ev hÀ-j-am-
bn-cn-¡pw C-Xv. {Sw-]v ]n-´p-S-cp-¶
\o-c-k-¯n-sâ-bpw kv-Im³-sU³-
{^q-{Um-bp-sS-bpw cm-{ão-bw a-äp
`u-Xn-I km-l-N-cy-§-fn \n-¶v
hn-`n-¶-am-Wv. 2024 Â {Sw-
]v C-\n Øm-\-sam-gn-bp-¶p-sh-
¶v I-cp-Xp-I, ss_-U³ B-bn-
cn-¡pw B cm-{ão-b-¯n-s\-Xn-sc
{]-hÀ-¯n-¡p-¶ B-Zy-s¯-bmÄ.
k-¼-Zv-hy-h-Ø-sb Xz-cn-X-s¸-Sp-
¯n-s¡m@pw A-ta-cn-¡-bp-sS
`u-Xn-I km-l-N-cy-§-sf hn-]p-e-
s¸-Sp-¯n-s¡m@pw am-{X-sa C-\n
A-ta-cn-¡³ C-e-{ÎÂ s]m-fn-än-Iv-
kn-te-¡v {]-th-in-¡m-\m-hq.
14 \hw_À 2020

k-s¯ F-Iv-kn-äv t]m-fp-I-fn dn-¸-»n-¡³
thm-«À-amÀ sU-tam-{Im-än-Iv thm-«À-am-tc-¡mÄ
Iq-Sp-X-em-Wv. {Sw-]n-s\ ]n-´p-W-bv-¡p-¶ ]-e
dn-¸-»n-¡³ A-\p-Iq-en-I-fpw tIm-hn-Uv b-YmÀ-
°-am-sW-¶v hn-iz-kn-¡p-¶n-Ã. Xn-c-sª-Sp-¸v
Zn-\ thm-s«-Sp-¸n hn-P-bn-¡p-hm-\p-Å ap-gp-h³
X-{´-hpw A-Xm-bn-cp-¶p. Pq-X thm-«À-amÀ, ln-
kv-]m-\n-Iv thm-«À-amÀ, I-dp-¯ thm-«À-amÀ
F-¶n-h-cp-sS Im-cy-¯n h-en-b hy-Xn-bm-\-
14 \hw_À 2020
H-¶m-a-s¯ Im-c-Ww Iyq-_³
A-ta-cn-¡-¡mÀ F-Ãm-bv-t¸m-gpw
dn-¸-»n-¡³-am-cm-bn-cp-¶p F-¶-
Xm-Wv. {Sw-]n-te-¡v Im-cy-am-b
em-än-t\m am-äw D@m-bn-«p-s@¶v
Nn-´n-¡m³ i-cn-bm-b a-äp Im-c-
W-§-sfm-¶p-an-ÃXm
-\pw. A-tX Zn-h-k-s¯ F-Iv-kn-äv
t]m-fp-I-fn dn-¸-»n-¡³ thm-«À-
amÀ sU-tam-{Im-än-Iv thm-«À-am-tc-
¡mÄ Iq-Sp-X-em-Wv. {Sw-]n-s\
]n-´p-W-bv-¡p-¶ ]-e dn-¸-
»n-¡³ A-\p-Iq-en-I-fpw tIm-
hn-Uv b-YmÀ-°-am-sW-¶v hn-iz-
kn-¡p-¶n-Ã. Xn-c-sª-Sp-¸v Zn-\
thm-s«-Sp-¸n hn-P-bn-¡p-hm-
\p-Å ap-gp-h³ X-{´-hpw A-Xm-
bn-cp-¶p. Pq-X thm-«À-amÀ, ln-
kv-]m-\n-Iv thm-«À-amÀ, I-dp-¯
thm-«À-amÀ F-¶n-h-cp-sS Im-cy-
¯n h-en-b hy-Xn-bm-\-sam-¶pw
D@m-bn-«p-an-Ã. hm-kv-X-h-¯nÂ,
{Sw-]n-te-¡v A-Sp-¡p-¶-Xv sh-
fp-¯ thm-«À-am-cm-Wv.
sam-¶pw D@m-bn-«p-an-Ã. hm-kv-X-h-¯nÂ, {Sw-
]n-te-¡v A-Sp-¡p-¶-Xv sh-fp-¯ thm-«À-am-cm-
Wv.
2016 \pw 2020 \pw C-S-bn A-ta-cn-¡-bn-
ep@m-bn-«p-Å {]-[m-\ hy-Xym-kw F-´m-Wv?
\m-ev hÀ-jw B-bn-cp-¶p {Sw-]n-sâ `-c-W-Im-
e-L-«w. I-dp-¯ thm-«À-amÀ-¡n-t¸mÄ ap-¼-t¯-
Xn-t\-¡mÄ hy-à-X Iq-Sp-X-em-Wv. 2016 Â,
B- f p- I Ä thm- s «- S p- ¸ n \n- ¶ pw ]n- · m- d n
\nÂ-¡p-¶-Xn R-§Ä A-kz-Ø-cm-bn-cp-¶p.
F-¶m {Sw-]n-s\ ]p-d-¯m-¡p-¶ Im-cy-¯nÂ
R-§Ä-¡v Iq-Sp-X k-t´m-jh - p-ap@m-bn-cp-¶p.
ap³ \n-b-a-k-`mw-K-hpw thm-«-h-Im-i {]-hÀ-¯-
I-\p-am-b kv-tä-kn A-{_mw-kv (tPmÀ-Pn-b-bnÂ
800,000 ]p-Xn-b thm-«À-am-sc c-Pn-ÌÀ sN-¿p-I-
bpw ss_-U-s\ kv-tä-än-sâ ap-¶n-se-¯n-¡p-I-
bpw sN- b v - X {]- N m- c - W w) C- ¡ m- c y- ¯ nÂ
]p-Xn-b am-ä-§-fp@m-¡n. A-ta-cn-¡-bn h³-
tXm-Xn thm-«À-am-sc A-Sn-¨-aÀ-¯p-¶-Xn-s\-
Xn-sc A-hÀ i-à-am-bn t]m-cm-Sn. A-Xv H-cp
\-Ã am-Xr-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p. kv-tä-kn A-{_mw-kv
Cu Xn-c-sª-Sp-¸n-se \m-bn-I-bm-h-Ww.
33
 C-Xv H-cp km-[m-c-W tkz-Ñm-[n-]-
Xy \o-¡-am-Wv. A-t±-lw tIm-S-Xn-
bn t]m-Ip-sa-¶m-Wv ]-d-ª-Xv.
B {]-{In-b F-fp-¸-am-¡m-\pw
A-t±-l-¯n-\v A-\p-Iq-e-am-¡m-
\pw th@n-bm-Wv A-t±-lw tIm-S-
Xn-I-sf A-S-¡n-sh-¨n-cn-¡p-¶-Xv.
A-Xn-sem-cp c-l-ky-hp-an-Ã. A-t±-
lw A-Xn \n-¶v c-£-s¸-Sp-tam
F-¶-Xm-Wv tNm-Zyw. Cu P-\m-[n-]-
Xy hn-cp-² \-S-]-Sn-sb ]n-´p-W-bv-
¡p-¶-Xv h-f-sc sN-dn-sbm-cp Iq-«w
am-{X-am-Wv.
A-t±-lw i-cn-¡pw hw-io-b `-c-W-
Iq-S-§Ä-¡v h-f-sc-b-[n-Iw
]n-´p-W \Â-Ip-¶p@v. hw-io-
b-X-bp-sS H-cp Nm-¼y-\m-bn-«m-Wv
A-´m-cm-{ã-X-e-¯n X-s¶
{Sw-]n-s\ F-Ãm-h-cpw Im-Wp-¶-Xv.
{Sw-]v k-µÀ-in-¨-t¸mÄ C-´y-bnÂ
ap-kv-enw hn-cp-² I-em-]-§-fp@m-
b-Xn A-Xn-i-bn-¡m-\n-Ã. {]-kn-
Uâ v ss_-U³ C-´y k-µÀ-
in-¡p-t¼mÄ ap-kv-enw hn-cp-²
I-em-]-ap@m-In-Ã. ]-I-cw P-\-§Ä
a-cym-Z-tbm-sS-bpw ]-c-kv-]-c _-lp-
am-\-t¯m-sS-bpw Po-hn-¡pw.

Iaem-lm-cnkv, tPm ss_U³

34 14 \hw_À 2020
 \m-ev hÀ-jw B-bn-cp-¶p {Sw-
]n-sâ `-c-W-Im-e-L-«w. I-dp-¯
thm-«À-amÀ-¡n-t¸mÄ ap-¼-t¯-
Xn-t\-¡mÄ hy-à-X Iq-Sp-X-em-
Wv. 2016 Â, B-fp-IÄ thm-s«-
Sp-¸n \n-¶pw ]n-·m-dn
\nÂ-¡p-¶-Xn R-§Ä
A-kz-Ø-cm-bn-cp-¶p. F-¶mÂ
{Sw-]n-s\ ]p-d-¯m-¡p-¶ Im-cy-
¯n R-§Ä-¡v Iq-Sp-XÂ
k-t´m-j-hp-ap@m-bn-cp-¶p.
ap³ \n-b-a-k-`mw-K-hpw thm-
«-h-Im-i {]-hÀ-¯-I-\p-am-b
kv-tä-kn A-{_mw-kv (tPmÀ-Pn-
b-bn 800,000 ]p-Xn-b thm-
«À-am-sc c-Pn-ÌÀ sN-¿p-I-bpw
ss_-U-s\ kv-tä-än-sâ ap-¶n-
se-¯n-¡p-I-bpw sN-bv-X {]-Nm-
c-Ww) C-¡m-cy-¯nÂ
]p-Xn-b am-ä-§-fp@m-¡n.
A-ta-cn-¡-bn h³-tXm-XnÂ
thm-«À-am-sc A-Sn-¨-aÀ-¯p-¶-
Xn-s\-Xn-sc A-hÀ i-à-am-bn
t]m-cm-Sn. A-Xv H-cp \-Ã am-Xr-I-
bm-bn-cp-¶p. kv-tä-kn A-{_mw-
kv Cu Xn-c-sª-Sp-¸n-se \m-bn-
I-bm-h-Ww.

14 \hw_À 2020
35
_dm-Iv H-_m-a-tbm-sSm-¸w tPm ss_U³
Xn-cn-ªp-t\m-¡p-t¼mÄ {Sw-]n-sâ \m-ep-hÀ-
j-s¯ Ip-dn-¨v F-´p-tXm-¶p-¶p? A-t±-lw
X-IÀ-¯p-I-f-ª A-ta-cn-¡-sb-¡p-dn-¨v F-s´-
¦n-epw [m-c-W-bp-t@m?
A-ta-cn-¡-sb-¶ B-i-bw {Sw-]v \-in-¸n-s¨-
¶v Rm³ I-cp-Xp-¶n-Ã, A-Xv A-tX-t]m-se
{Sw-]v \-s½ HmÀ-an-¸n-¨p hw-io-b-X-bpw A-Xn-{I-a
ap-X-em-fn-¯-hpw Iq-«n-t¨À-¯v X-s¶. Im-em-h-
Øm hy-Xn-bm-\-¯n-sâ b-YmÀ-° h-i-§-tfm-
Sp-Å ]p-dw-Xn-cn-bÂ, im-kv-{X-t¯m-Sp-Å \n-tj-
[w, am- [ y- a - § - s f X- I À- ¯ p- ¡ - f - b Â,
kÀ-Æ-I-em-im-e-IÄ-s¡-Xn-cm-b B-{I-a-W-§Ä,
Ip-Sn-tb-ä-¡mÀ-s¡-Xn-cm-b B-{I-a-Ww, X-S-¦Â
Iym-¼p-IÄ F-¶n-h-bm-Wv C-Xv A-S-bm-f-s¸-Sp-
¯n-b-Xv. H-cp cm-Py-¯n-\pw H-cp-]-t£ a-\-Ên-
em-In-Ãm-bn-cn-¡mw A-ta-cn-¡ Ip-Sn-tb-ä-¡mÀ-
s¡-Xn-cm-b B-{I-a-W-§-fp-sS Im-cy-¯nÂ
C-´y-tb-¡mÄ an-I-¨ co-Xn-bn-em-Wv t]m-Ip-¶-
sX-¶-Xv.
ss_-U-\v F-´v sN-¿m³ I-gn-bpw?
A-Xn-{I-a ap-X-em-fn-¯ `-c-W-Iq-S-§-sf-Ãmw
X-s¶ tIm-S-Xn-IÄ ]n-Sn-s¨-Sp-¡p-I-bm-Wv. A-Xp-
s¡m@p-X-s¶ ]p-tcm-K-a-\-]-c-am-b \n-b-a-
\nÀ-am-W-§Ä-¡v Cu tIm-S-Xn-IÄ X-S-Ê-am-Ip-
I-bm-Wv. 50-50 F-¶v tXm-¶n-¡p-¶ sk-\-än-s\
dn-¸-»n-¡³-amÀ- \n-e-\nÀ-¯p-I-bm-sW-¦nÂ-,
G-sX-¦n-epw ]p-tcm-K-a-\ \n-b-a-\nÀ-am-Ww \-S-¸m-
Ip-sa-¶ Im-cy-¯n H-«pw {]-Xo-£-bn-Ã. C-Xp-
sIm-s@Ãmw X-s¶ C-Xv h-f-sc _p-²n-ap-«p-Å
H-cp L-«-am-Wv. G-ä-hpw {]-bm-k-ta-dn-b \m-ev
hÀ-j-am-bn-cn-¡pw C-Xv. {Sw-]v ]n-´p-S-cp-¶ \o-c-
k-¯n-sâ-bpw kv-Im³-sU³-{^q-{Um-bp-sS-bpw
cm-{ão-bw a-äp `u-Xn-I km-l-N-cy-§-fn \n-¶v
hn-`n-¶-am-Wv. 2024 Â {Sw-]v C-\n Øm-\-sam-gn-
bp-¶p-sh-¶v I-cp-Xp-I, ss_-U³ B-bn-cn-¡pw
B cm-{ão-b-¯n-s\-Xn-sc {]-hÀ-¯n-¡p-¶ B-Zy-
s¯-bmÄ. k-¼-Zv-hy-h-Ø-sb Xz-cn-X-s¸-Sp-¯n-
s¡m@pw A-ta-cn-¡-bp-sS `u-Xn-I km-l-N-cy-
§-sf hn-]p-e-s¸-Sp-¯n-s¡m@pw am-{X-sa C-\n
A-ta-cn-¡³ C-e-{ÎÂ s]m-fn-än-Iv-kn-te-¡v
{]-th-in-¡m-\m-hq. C-Xp-c@p-am-Wv A-ta-cn-¡³
36
P-\-X-bv-¡p ap-¼m-sI \Â-tI@ hm-Kv-Zm-\-
§Ä. sU-tam-{Im-äp-I-sf \n-b-am-\p-kr-X-am-b
{]-Xn-]-£ ]mÀ-«n-bm-bn I-W-¡m-¡m³ t]
R-§-fp-sS Xn-c-sª-Sp-¸v tam-
ãn-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p F-¶-Xm-Wv
k-Xyw. A-Xp-sIm@p X-s¶
R-§Ä kz-bw ]n-·m-dp-I-bm-Wv
sN-bv-X-Xv. {Sw-]pw {Sw-]n-k-hpw Xp-
S-cpw. h-e-Xp-]-£ t\-Xm-¡-fpw
D@m-Ipw. sk-\-äÀ-am-cm-b tSmw
tIm-«¬, tPm-jv lm-hv-en F-¶n-
h-cm-Wv h-e-Xp-]-£ t\-Xm-¡Ä.
F-¶m am-[y-a-§-sf am-\n-¸p-te-äv
sN-¿p-¶ Im-cy-¯n {Sw-]v h-f-sc
k-aÀ-°-\m-Wv, A-Xp-sIm@m-W-
tÃm \n-§Ä-¡v `m-hn-bn-se sS-en-
hn-j³ sk-en-{_n-än-I-sf \n-Xy-hpw
I@p-sIm@n-cn-t¡@n-h-cp-¶-Xv.
t^m-Iv-kv \yq-kv t]m-se hy-Xy-kv-
X-am-b am-[y-a-§Ä \n-c-h-[n-bp@v.
{Sw-]n-sâ {]-kw-K-¯n-\v ti-j-am-Wv
am-[y-a-§Ä C-t¸mÄ sN-dp-Xm-sbm-
¶p am-dn-b-Xv. ]-{X-§Ä C-cp-h-i-
§-fpw dn-t¸mÀ-«v sN-¿p-¶p-t@m
F-¶v Rm³ {i-²n-¡p-¶p@m-bn-
cp-¶p. ]-t£ A-h-c-Xv sN-¿p-¶n-Ã.
P-\-{]o-Xn e-`n-¡m-¯ hn-j-b-am-
bm t]m-epw am-[y-a-§Ä k-Xyw
am-{X-am-Wv ]-d-tb@Xv. km-[m-c-W
P-\-§Ä tIÄ-¡m³ B-{K-ln-
¡m-¯ Im-cy-§-fm-Wv am-[y-a-§Ä
]-d-tb@Xv.
14 \hw_À 2020
m-Ip-¶n-sÃ-¶m-Wv dn-¸-»n-¡³ ]mÀ-«n I-gn-ª
Ip-td ]-Xn-äm@p-I-fm-bn
]-d-ªp-sIm@n-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. A-Xp-sIm@p-
X-s¶ bm-sXm-cp-hn-[-¯n-ep-Å \n-b-a-\nÀ-am-
W-hpw A-hÀ A-\p-h-Zn-¡m³ t]m-Ip-¶n-Ã.
thm-s«-Sp-¸v A-h-km-\n-¸n-¡-W-sa-¶pw Xn-c-
sª-Sp-¸n-sâ k-a-{K-X-sb ZpÀ-_-e-s¸-Sp-¯-W-
sa-¶pw {Sw-]v B-h-iy-s¸-Sp-¶-tXm-sS kp-K-a-
am-b A-[n-Im-c ssI-am-äw D@m-Ip-sa-¶v
\n-§Ä I-cp-Xp-¶p-t@m?
C-Xv H-cp km-[m-c-W tkz-Ñm-[n-]-Xy \o-¡-
am-Wv. A-t±-lw tIm-S-Xn-bn t]m-Ip-sa-¶m-Wv
]-d-ª-Xv. B {]-{In-b F-fp-¸-am-¡m-\pw A-t±-
l-¯n-\v A-\p-Iq-e-am-¡m-\pw th@n-bm-Wv
A-t±-lw tIm-S-Xn-I-sf A-S-¡n-sh-¨n-cn-¡p-¶-Xv.
A-Xn-sem-cp c-l-ky-hp-an-Ã. A-t±-lw A-XnÂ
\n-¶v c-£-s¸-Sp-tam F-¶-Xm-Wv tNm-Zyw. Cu
P-\m-[n-]-Xy hn-cp-² \-S-]-Sn-sb ]n-´p-W-bv-¡p-
¶-Xv h-f-sc sN-dn-sbm-cp Iq-«w am-{X-am-Wv.
{Sw-]n-sâ ]-cm-P-bw a-äv A-Xn-{I-a ap-X-em-
fn-¯ `-c-W-Iq-S-§-sf F-§-s\ _m-[n-¡pw?
A-t±-lw i-cn-¡pw hw-io-b `-c-W-Iq-S-§Ä-
¡v h-f-sc-b-[n-Iw ]n-´p-W \Â-Ip-¶p@v. hw-
io-b-X-bp-sS H-cp Nm-¼y-\m-bn-«m-Wv A-´m-cm-
{ã-X-e-¯n X-s¶ {Sw-]n-s\ F-Ãm-h-cpw
Im-Wp-¶-Xv. {Sw-]v k-µÀ-in-¨-t¸mÄ C-´y-bnÂ
14 \hw_À 2020
Rm³ G-ä-hpw B-i-¦-s¸-Sp-¶
H-cp cm-Py-¯m-Wv \n-§-fn-t¸mÄ
Xm-a-kn-¡p-¶-Xv. P-\m-[n-]-Xyw
A-hn-iz-k-\o-b-am-b X-c-¯nÂ
`o-j-Wn-bn-em-Wv. P-\m-[n-]-Xy-s¯
F-§-s\ sh-Ãp-hn-fn-¡mw F-¶-Xn-
\v \n-c-h-[n am-Xr-I-I-fp@v.
\yq-\-]-£ A-h-Im-i-§-sf am-
\n-¡m-¯ H-cp ¢m-kn-Iv en-_-dÂ
P-\m-[n-]-Xy cm-Py-am-Wv C-´y.
R-§Ä \yq-\-]-£-am-sW-¦n-epw
`-c-Wm-[n-Im-cw ]n-Sn-s¨-Sp-¡m³
t]m-Ip-I-bm-sW-¶m-Wv {Sw-]n-sâ-
bpw dn-¸-»n-¡³ ]mÀ-«n-bp-sS-bpw
P-\m-[n-]-Xy-hn-cp-²-am-b hm-Zw.
P-\m-[n-]-Xyw F-¶-Xv `q-cn-]-£
thm-«v am-{X-a-Ã. D-¯-c sIm-dn-b-bn-
se P-\-§-tfm-Sv C-t¸mÄ thm-«p-
sN-¿m³ \n-§Ä B-h-iy-s¸-Sp-
I-bm-sW-¦n A-hÀ X-§-fp-sS
t\-Xm-hn-\v th@n thm-«v sN-¿pw.
Im-c-Ww A-h-sc-¡p-dn-¨v am-[y-a-
§Ä \p-W-{]-N-mc-Ww \-S-¯p-I-
bm-Wv. A-Xn-\m \n-§Ä I-Åw
]-d-bp-I-bm-sW-¦n \n-§Ä
i-cn-bm-bn thm-«p-sN-¿p-I-bpw
C-sÃ-¶À-°w. P-\m-[n-]-Xy-¯n-\v
hn-Zym-`ym-kw B-h-iy-am-Wv. hn-
Zym-k-¼-¶-cm-b H-cp P-\-X-bv-¡v
am-{X-ta am-[y-a-§-fn Øm-\w
e-`n-¡p-I-bp-Åq. A-hÀ-¡v am-{X-
ta k-Xyw {]-N-cn-¸n-cn-¸n-¡m-\m-കq.
F-¦n am-{X-ta i-cn-bm-b co-Xn-
bn thm-«p-sN-¿m-\pw I-gn-bq.
37
ap-kv-enw hn-cp-² I-em-]-§-fp@m-b-Xn A-Xn-
i-bn-¡m-\n-Ã. {]-kn-Uâ v ss_-U³ C-´y
k-µÀ-in-¡p-t¼mÄ ap-kv-enw hn-cp-² I-em-]-
ap@m-In-Ã,. ]-I-cw P-\-§Ä a-cym-Z-tbm-sS-bpw
]-c-kv-]-c _-lp-am-\-t¯m-sS-bpw Po-hn-¡pw.

ap-s¼-Ãmw A-ta-cn-¡³ Xn-c-sª-Sp-¸v I-Sp-

¯ H-cp t]m-cm-«-am-bn-cn-¡p-sa-¶m-Wv I-cp-Xn-bn-
cp-¶-Xv.
Z-i-e-£-¡-W-¡n-\v P-\-Io-b thm-«p-I-fm-Wv
h-en-b `q-cn-]-£-t¯m-sS ss_-U³ t\-Sn-bn-
cn-¡p-¶-Xv. C-e-Î-d tIm-tf-Pn-epw A-t±-lw
hn-P-bn-¨p. C-t¸m-g-s¯ {]-kn-Uâ v t_m-[-
]qÀ-Æw A-t±-l-¯n-sâ Øm-\-sam-gn-bm³
t]m-Ip-¶n-Ã F-¶-Xm-Wv B-sI-bp-Å {]-iv-\w.

ss_-U-sâ t\-Xr-Xz-¯n-ep-Å A-ta-cn-¡

F-§-s\-bp-Å-Xm-bn-cn-¡pw?
hw-io-b A-\o-Xn-bp-sS \n-e-\nÂ-¸n-s\-¡p-dn-
¨v Nn-´n-¡m³ sh-Å-¡m-cm-b A-ta-cn-¡-¡mÀ
ap-t¶m-«p-h-cp-¶-Xn »m-¡v sse-hv-kv am-äÀ
{]-Øm-\-¯n-sâ {]-hÀ-¯-\-§Ä Im-c-W-am-
bn-«p@v. A-Xv F-s´-¦n-epw ^-e-ap@m-¡p-sa-
¶m-Wv Rm³ {]-Xo-£n-¡p-¶-Xv. sh-fp-¯ tZ-
io-b {]-Øm-\-§-f-sp-sS t\-Xr-Xz-¯n i-à-
am-b sN-dp-¯p-\nÂ-¸p-I-fp@m-Ip-I X-s¶ sN-
¿pw. hw-io-b-X A-h-km-\n-¡p-¶-Xn-s\-¡p-dn-¨v
Nn-´n-¡p-hm-\pw kw-km-cn-¡p-hm-\pw I-gn-bp-¶
A-h-Ø-bm-Wn-t¸m-gp-Å-Xv. h-f-sc {]m-[m-\y-ta-
dn-b H-cp kw-K-Xn-bm-W-Xv.
Xm-¦Ä ^m-jn-Ìv cm-{ão-bw F-¶v hn-ti-jn-
¸n-¨ A-h-Ø-bn X-s¶-bm-tWm A-ta-cn-¡
C-t¸m-gp-ap-Å-Xv? A-tXm am-ä-§-fp-t@m?
C-Ã. R-§-fp-sS Xn-c-sª-Sp-¸v tam-ãn-¡-s¸-
«n-cn-¡p-¶p F-¶-Xm-Wv k-Xyw. A-Xp-sIm@p
X-s¶ R-§Ä kz-bw ]n-·m-dp-I-bm-Wv sN-bv-
X-Xv. {Sw-]pw {Sw-]n-k-hpw Xp-S-cpw. h-e-Xp-]-£
t\-Xm-¡-fpw D@m-Ipw. sk-\-äÀ-am-cm-b tSmw
tIm-«¬, tPm-jv lm-hv-en F-¶n-h-cm-Wv h-e-
Xp-]-£ t\-Xm-¡Ä. F-¶m am-[y-a-§-sf
am-\n-¸p-te-äv sN-¿p-¶ Im-cy-¯n {Sw-]v h-f-sc
k-aÀ-°-\m-Wv, A-Xp-sIm@m-W-tÃm \n-§Ä-¡v
`m-hn-bn-se sS-en-hn-j³ sk-en-{_n-än-I-sf \n-Xy-
hpw I@p-sIm@n-cn-t¡@n-h-cp-¶-Xv.
H-cp hn-`m-Kw am-[y-a-§Ä {Sw-]n-s\ \n-in-X-
am-bn hn-aÀ-in-¡p-¶p. F-¶n-«pw Cu Xnc-sª-
Sp-¸n `n-¶n-¸p@m-Ip-¶p. k-aq-l-am-[y-a-§-fpw
P-\-§-fpw X-½n A-{X-am-{Xw A-I-e-ap-t@m?
C-Ã, t^m-Iv-kv \yq-kv t]m-se hy-Xy-kv-X-
am-b am-[y-a-§Ä \n-c-h-[n-bp@v. {Sw-]n-sâ
{]-kw-K-¯n-\v ti-j-am-Wv am-[y-a-§Ä C-t¸mÄ
sN-dp-Xm-sbm-¶p am-dn-b-Xv. ]-{X-§Ä C-cp-h-i-
§-fpw dn-t¸mÀ-«v sN-¿p-¶p-t@m F-¶v Rm³
{i-²n-¡p-¶p@m-bn-cp-¶p. ]t£ A-h-c-Xv sN-
¿p-¶n-Ã. P-\-{]o-Xn e-`n-¡m-¯ hn-j-b-am-bmÂ
t]m-epw am-[y-a-§Ä k-Xyw am-{X-am-Wv ]-d-
tb@Xv. km-[m-c-W P-\-§Ä tIÄ-¡m³
I-a-em lm-cn-kv ssh-kv {]-kn-
Uâm-b B-Zy-s¯ h-\n-X-bpw
\n-d-ap-Å B-Zy hy-àn-bpw
B-Imw. F-sâ Ip-«n-IÄ I-dp-¯
A-ta-cn-¡-¡m-cm-Wv. A-hÀ I-a-e
lm-cn-kn-sâ {]-hÀ-¯-\-§-fnÂ
B-Ir-jv-S-cm-Wv. F-¶m-e-Xv I-a-em
lm-cn-kn-sâ {]-hÀ-¯-\-§-sf am-
{Xw B-{i-bn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶ H-¶m-Wv.
{]-Xo-Im-ß-I cm-{ão-bw {]-[m-\-am-
Wv, ]-t£ ssh-kv {]-kn-U@m-
bn A-hÀ F-´m-Wv sN-¿m³
t]m-Ip-¶-Xv F-¶-Xm-Wv {]-[m-\w.
A-hÀ \n-b-a-hm-gv-N ]p-\:-Øm-
]n-¡-W-sa-¶m-Wv Rm³ B-{K-
ln-¡p-¶-Xv. hw-io-b A-\o-Xn-bpw
hw-io-b A-k-a-Xz-hpw A-hÀ
A-`n-kw-t_m-[-\ sN-¿-Ww. hw-io-
b-X-sb Zm-cn-{Zy-hp-am-bn _-Ôn-¸n-
¡p-¶ ap-gp-h³ hy-h-Ø-sb-bpw
A-hÀ A-`n-ap-Jo-I-cn-¡-Ww. Im-em-
h-Øm hy-Xn-bm-\-s¯ A-hÀ Ku-
c-h-am-bn X-s¶ A-`n-kw-t_m-[-\
sN-t¿@Xp@v. P-\-§-sf \n-Ê-
lm-b-cpw tcm-Kn-I-fpw Z-cn-{Z-cpw
]-c-kv-]-c hn-tZz-jn-I-fp-am-¡p-¶
hy-h-Ø-bp-sS {Iq-c-X-I-sf A-hÀ
A-`n-kw-t_m-[-\ sN-¿-Ww.

38 14 \hw_À 2020
14 \hw_À 2020
39
 Z-i-e-£-¡-W-¡n-\v P-\-Io-b
thm-«p-I-fm-Wv h-en-b `q-cn-]-£-
t¯m-sS ss_-U³ t\-Sn-bn-cn-
¡p-¶-Xv. C-e-Î-d tIm-f-Pn-epw
A-t±-lw hn-P-bn-¨p. C-t¸m-g-s¯
{]-kn-Uâ v t_m-[-]qÀ-Æw A-t±-
l-¯n-sâ Øm-\-sam-gn-bm³
t]m-Ip-¶n-Ã F-¶-Xm-Wv B-sI-
bp-Å {]-iv-\w.
hw-io-b A-\o-Xn-bp-sS \n-e-\nÂ-
¸n-s\-¡p-dn-¨v Nn-´n-¡m³ sh-Å-
¡m-cm-b A-ta-cn-¡-¡mÀ ap-t¶m-
«p-h-cp-¶-Xn »m-¡v sse-hv-kv
am-äÀ {]-Øm-\-¯n-sâ {]-hÀ-¯-
\-§Ä Im-c-W-am-bn-«p@v. A-Xv
F-s´-¦n-epw ^-e-ap@m-¡p-sa-
¶m-Wv Rm³ {]-Xo-£n-¡p-¶-Xv.
sh-fp-¯ tZ-io-b {]-Øm-\-§-
fp-sS t\-Xr-Xz-¯n i-à-am-b
sN-dp-¯p-\nÂ-¸p-I-fp@m-Ip-I
X-s¶ sN-¿pw. hw-io-b-X A-h-
km-\n-¡p-¶-Xn-s\-¡p-dn-¨v Nn-´n-
¡p-hm-\pw kw-km-cn-¡p-hm-\pw
I-gn-bp-¶ A-h-Ø-bm-Wn-t¸m-gp-
Å-Xv. h-f-sc {]m-[m-\y-ta-dn-b H-cp
kw-K-Xn-bm-W-Xv.

]Sn-bn-d-§p-¶ {Sw]v

40 14 \hw_À 2020
 B-{K-ln-¡m-¯ Im-cy-§-fm-Wv am-[y-a-§Ä
]-d-tb@Xv.

P-\m-[n-]-Xy cm-Py-§Ä A-]-I-S-¯n-em-

tWm?
Rm³ G-ä-hpw B-i-¦-s¸-Sp-¶ H-cp cm-Py-
¯m-Wv \n-§-fn-t¸mÄ Xm-a-kn-¡p-¶-Xv. P-\m-
[n-]-Xyw A-hn-iz-k-\o-b-am-b X-c-¯n `o-j-
Wn- b n- e m- W v . P- \ m- [ n- ] - X y- s ¯ F- § - s \
sh-Ãp-hn-fn-¡mw F-¶-Xn-\v \n-c-h-[n am-Xr-I-I-
fp@v. \yq-\-]-£ A-h-Im-i-§-sf am-\n-¡m-¯
H-cp ¢m-kn-Iv en-_-d P-\m-[n-]-Xy cm-Py-am-Wv
C-´y. R-§Ä \yq-\-]-£-am-sW-¦n-epw `-c-Wm-
[n-Im-cw ]n-Sn-s¨-Sp-¡m³ t]m-Ip-I-bm-sW-¶m-
Wv {Sw-]n-sâ-bpw dn-¸-»n-¡³ ]mÀ-«n-bp-sS-bpw
P-\m-[n-]-Xy-hn-cp-²-am-b hm-Zw.

B-fp-IÄ ]p-d-¯p-h-¶v h³-tXm-Xn thm-

«p-sN-¿p-¶p-s@¦nÂ, P-\m-[n-]-Xyw A-]-I-S-
¯n-em-sW-¶v \-ap-¡v ]-d-bm-\m-Ip-tam?
kvt- ä-kn A-{_mw-kv
P-\m-[n-]-Xyw F-¶-Xv `q-cn-]-£ thm-«v am-
{X-a-Ã. D-¯-c sIm-dn-b-bn-se P-\-§-tfm-Sv
C-t¸mÄ thm-«p-sN-¿m³ \n-§Ä B-h-iy-s¸-
Sp-I-bm-sW-¦n A-hÀ X-§-fp-sS t\-Xm-hn-\v
th@n thm-«v sN-¿pw. Im-c-Ww A-h-sc-¡p-dn-¨v
am-[y-a-§Ä \p-W-{]-N-mc-Ww \-S-¯p-I-bm-Wv.
A-Xn-\m \n-§Ä I-Åw ]-d-bp-I-bm-sW-¦nÂ
\n-§Ä i-cn-bm-bn thm-«p-sN-¿p-I-bpw C-sÃ-¶À-
°w. P-\m-[n-]-Xy-¯n-\v hn-Zym-`ym-kw B-h-
iy-am-Wv. hn-Zym-k-¼-¶-cm-b H-cp P-\-X-bv-¡v
am-{X-sa am-[y-a-§-fn Øm-\w e-`n-¡p-I-bp-
Åq. A-hÀ-¡v am-{X-sa k-Xyw {]-N-cn-¸n-cn-¸n-
¡m-\m-hpI. F-¦n am-{X-sa i-cn-bm-b co-Xn-
bn thm-«p-sN-¿m-\pw I-gn-bq.
I- a - e lm- c n- k v ssh- k v {]- k n- U âm- b
B-Zy-s¯ h-\n-X-bpw \n-d-ap-Å B-Zy hy-àn-
bpw B-Imw. F-sâ Ip-«n-IÄ I-dp-¯ A-ta-cn-
¡-¡m-cm-Wv. A-hÀ I-a-e lm-cn-kn-sâ {]-hÀ-
¯-\-§-fn B-Ir-jv-S-cm-Wv. F-¶m-e-Xv I-a-em
lm-cn-kn-sâ {]-hÀ-¯-\-§-sf am-{Xw B-{i-bn-
¨n-cn-¡p-¶ H-¶m-Wv. {]-Xo-Im-ß-I cm-{ão-bw
{]-[m-\-am-Wv, ]-t£ ssh-kv {]-kn-U@m-bn
A-hÀ F-´m-Wv sN-¿m³ t]m-Ip-¶-Xv F-¶-
Xm-Wv {]-[m-\w.

ss_-U-\pw I-a-e lm-cn-kpw F-§s\ {]-hÀ-

¯n-¡-W-sa-¶m-Wv \n-§Ä I-cp-Xp-¶-Xv?
A-hÀ \n-b-a-hm-gv-N ]p-\-:Øm-]n-¡-W-sa-
¶m-Wv Rm³ B-{K-ln-¡p-¶-Xv. hw-io-b A-\
o-Xn-bpw hw-io-b A-k-a-Xz-hpw A-hÀ A-`n-kw-
t_m-[-\ sN-¿-Ww. hw-io-b-X-sb Zm-cn-{Zy-
hp-am-bn _-Ôn-¸n-¡p-¶ ap-gp-h³ hy-h-Ø-sb-
bpw A-hÀ A-`n-ap-Jo-I-cn-¡-Ww. Im-em-h-Øm
hy-Xn-bm-\-s¯ A-hÀ Ku-c-h-am-bn X-s¶
A-`n-kw-t_m-[-\ sN-t¿@Xp@v. P-\-§-sf
\n-Ê-lm-b-cpw tcm-Kn-I-fpw Z-cn-{Z-cpw ]-c-kv-]-c
hn-tZz-jn-I-fp-am-¡p-¶ hy-h-Ø-bp-sS {Iq-c-X-I-
sf A-hÀ A-`n-kw-t_m-[-\ sN-¿-Ww.
(courtesy: the economic times)
14 \hw_À 2020
41
sI.C.F³/ [-\{io

kz -Xz-t_m-[-hp-am-bn _-Ô-s¸-«v
G-sd hn-hm-Zw kr-ãn-¨-bm-fm-
Wv sI.C.F³. kz-Xz-]-c-am-b
kw-LÀ-j-§Ä-¡pw hm-Z-§Ä-¡pw C-¶pw {]-
k-àn D-s@¶v sI.C.F³ hn-iz-kn-¡p-¶p-
t@m ?
C-´y³ km-l-N-cy-¯n kz-Xz-]-c-am-b kw-
LÀ-jw F-¶-Xv H-cp ZoÀ-L-Im-e {]-iv-\-am-bn
Xp-S-cp-sa-¶m-Wv Rm³ I-cp-Xp-¶-Xv. Pm-Xn-taÂ-
t¡m-bv-a-bv-¡v Io-gv-s¸-«p \nÂ-¡p-¶ H-cp k-aq-
l-¯n A-Xn-sâ B-[n-]-Xy-s¯-bpw hn-t[-
b-Xz-s¯-bpw Øm-]-\-h-Xv-I-cn-¡m-\pw km-[q
-I-cn-¡m-\pw bp-àn-h-Xv-¡-cn-¡m-\pw A-Xn-sâ
A-Sn-Øm-\-¯n B-sI t{i-Wo-_-²-am-bn
X-«p-I-fm-bn hn-`-Pn-¡m-\pw C-{X-ta I-gn-ªn-
«p-Å a-säm-cp aÀ-±-I km-aq-ln-I kw-hn-[m-\-an-Ã.
Pm-Xn-taÂ-t¡m-bv-a-bm-Wv tem-I-¯n G-ä-hpw
h-ep-Xpw ZoÀ-L-Im-ew \n-e-\n-¶-Xpw, \n-e-\n
Â-¡p-¶-Xp-am-b aÀ-±-I kw-hn-[m-\w. aÀ-±-I kw-
hn-[m-\-¯n-sâ A-I-¯v kz-Xz-kw-LÀ-jw
F-¶-Xv Po-hn-X-¯n-sâ H-cp km-[m-c-W A-h-
Ø-bm-bn-cn-¡pw. tI-h-e-am-b AÀ-°-¯nÂ
A-sXm-cp kz-Xz kw-LÀ-jw A-Ã. Pm-Xn-sb
Ip-dn-¨v ]-d-bp-t¼mÄ, ]p-e-b-\pw ]-d-b-\pw Ip-
d-h-\pw F-Ãm-h-cpw Iq-Sn-t¨À-¶-Xm-Wv Pm-Xn.
]-t£ Cu ]-d-bp-¶ ]p-e-b-\pw ]-d-b-\pw Ip-
d-h-\pw H-s¡ F-§-s\ D@m-bn. A-Xn-\p-Å

kwhc-Ww km-¼-¯n-I-
klm-b ]-²-XnbÃ
Ignª e¡w XpSÀ¨

Rm³ ap-t¶m-«p-sh-¨
Bi-bw
Aw-Ko-I-cn-¨p I-gnªp
kzXzcm-{ão-bw D-bÀ-¯n-¸n-Sn-¡p-¶h-sc F-{XX-s¶ F-XnÀ-¯mepw hn-aÀ-in-¨mepw
h-kv-Xp-X-IÄ CÃm-Xm-hn-sÃ-¶v B-hÀ-¯n-¡p-I-bm-Wv sI.C.F³ Ip-ª-l-½Zv.

42 14 \hw_À 2020
{]-Xy-b-im-kv-{Xw F-hn-sS \n-¶p@m-bn. A-Xm-
Wv G-ä-hpw {]-[m-\w. Pm-Xn-taÂ-t¡m-bv-a-bm-Wv
taÂ-¯-«pw Io-gv-¯-«p-am-bn hn-`-Pn-¡-s¸-« Pm-
Xn-kw-hn-[m-\-¯n-sâ A-Sn-Øm-\w. k-hÀ-W
{_m-Ò-Wn-¡Â taÂ-t¡m-bv-a-bp-sS kr-ãn-I-
fm-Wv C-sX-¶v Xn-cn-¨-dn-b-Ww. ]-t£ \-½p-sS
\m-«n kz-Xzw F-¶v ]-d-bp-t¼mÄ Pm-Xn, a-Xw,
enw-Kw `m-j C-§-s\ hn-]p-e-s¸-Sp-¯n Im-Wm-
\m-Wv {i-an-¡m-dv. kz-Xzw F-¶-Xn Pm-Xn,
a-Xw, enw-Kw, `m-j F-¶n-h-sbm-s¡ DÄ-s¸-Spw.
]-t£ C-´y³ km-l-N-cy-¯n a-Xw, enw-Kw,
`m-j F-¶o kz-Xz-§-sf-Ãmw taÂ-t¡m-bv-a
Pm-Xn kz-Xz-¯n-\v Io-gv-s¸-«m-Wv \nÂ-¡p-¶-Xv.
C-Xm-Wv au-en-I-am-b k-Xyw.
A-tX-k-a-bw kz-Xz-s¯ Ip-dn-¨v ]-d-bp-¶-
h-sc Pm-Xn-bp-sS A-Sn-Øm-\-¯n-tem `m-j-bp-
sS A-Sn-Øm-\-¯n-tem enw-K-¯n-sâ A-Sn-Øm-
14 \hw_À 2020
\-¯n-tem a-X-¯n-sâ A-Sn-Øm-\-¯n-tem
thÀ-Xn-cn-¨v Im-Wp-¶-Xn am-{X-ta \mw hn-I-
kn-¨n-«p-Åq. A-Xn-\-¸p-d-¯v ]-t£ A-Xn-s\-
sb-Ãmw \n-b-{´n-¡p-¶-Xv G-Xp {]-Xy-b im-kv-
{X-am-Wv F-¶ tNm-Zy-am-Wv D-bÀ-¶p-h-tc@Xv.
B H-cp tNm-Zyw am-{X-am-Wv kz-Xz kw-hm-Z-
¯n \n-¶v X-{´-]qÀ-hw H-gn-¨v \nÀ-¯p-I-tbm
]-e-t¸m-gpw H-fn-¸n-¨p I-S-¯p-I-tbm sN-¿p-¶-
Xv.
Pm-Xn hn-cp-² {]-Øm-\w C-´y-bn-epw tI-c-
f-¯n-epw H-s¡ D@m-b-tÃm. Io-gm-f \-thm-
°m-\w F-¶-Xv h-en-b H-cp-]-cn-[n h-sc Pm-Xn
hn-cp-² {]-Øm-\-§Ä B-bn-cp-¶p. ]-t£
ta-em-f \-thm-°m-\-sa-¶-Xv H-cp-]-cn-[n h-sc
k-ap-Zm-bn-I ]-cn-jv-I-c-W {]-hÀ-¯-\-§-fm-Wv.
]-t£ ]-e kmw-kv-Im-cn-I hn-aÀ-i-I-cpw \n-cp-
¯-c-hm-Z-]-c-am-bn cm-Pm-dmw tam-l³ tdm-bv,
43
sI.C.F³

{io-\m-cm-b-W Kp-cp, tPym-Xn-_ ^p-se, Aw- c-f-¯n \-S-¶n-cp-¶p. kzm-an B-\-µ-XoÀ-°-

t_-Zv-IÀ F-¶n-§-s\ H-tc-X-«n-em-Wv hn-e-bn-cp- s\m-s¡-bm-Wv A-¯-cw _-ZÂ {]-t£m-`-¯n-
¯p-I. cm-Pm-dmw tam-l³ tdm-bv A-Ã tPym-Xn-_ \v t\- X r- X zw \Â- I n- b - X v . A- ¡ m- e - ¯ v
^p-se. cm-Pm-dmw tam-l³ tdm-bv k-ap-Zm-b th-sdm-cp co-Xn-bn-ep-Å k-a-c-hpw \-S-¶n-cp-¶p.
]-cn-jv-I-c-W-¯n-sâ Im-gv-N-¸m-Sm-Wv ap-t¶m-«p taÂ-Pm-Xn-¡m-cp-sS Pm-Xn-t¸-cn-\v am-{X-am-bn
sh-¨-Xv. tPym-Xn-_ ^p-se A-Sn-¨-aÀ-¯-s¸-« H-cp a-l-Xz-hpw C-Ã F-¶v Im-Wn-¡m³ th-ep-
A-[:Øn-X-cp-sS hn-tam-N-\-hpw A-Xp-h-gn ap- ¡p-«n A-c-b-s\ t]m-ep-Å-hÀ A-h-cp-sS Pm-Xn-
gp-h³ a-\p-jy-cp-sS-bpw tam-N-\-hp-am-Wv ap-t¶m-
«v sh-¨-Xv.
A-Xp-t]m-se-X-s¶ a-¶-¯v ]-ß-\m-`-s\-bpw
{io-\m-cm-b-W-Kp-cp-hn-s\-bpw H-cp-hn-[-¯n-epw
Xp-e-\w sN-¿m³ ]-än-Ã. N-«-¼n-kzm-an-I-sf-bpw
{io-\m-cm-b-W Kp-cp-hn-s\-bpw H-cp hn-[-¯n-epw
Xp-ey-s¸-Sp-¯m-\m-In-Ã. A-hÀ hy-àn-]-c-am-bn
kp-lr-¯p-¡-fm-tWm, A-hÀ hy-àn-]-c-am-bn C-¡m-e-¯v Rm³
B-i-b-hn-\n-a-bw \-S-¯n-bn-«p-t@m Kp-cp-in-jy ap-t¶m-«v h-bv-¡m-\p-t±-
_-Ôw D-t@m C-sXm-s¡-bm-Wv \mw D-]-cn-¹- in-¡p-¶ Im-cyw C-Xm-Wv.
h-am-bn NÀ-¨ sN-¿p-¶-Xv. A-X-à A-Xn-sâ Pm-Xn-t¸-cn h-en-b Im-cy-an-Ã
au-en-I D-Å-S-¡w. th-Zm-[n-Im-c \n-cq-]-W-hpw F-¶v ]-d-bp-¶, k-hÀ-W-cm-
{In-kv-Xp-a-X \n-cq-]-W-hpw H-s¡ F-gp-Xn-bn-«p-Å
N-«-¼n-kzm-an-IÄ a-lm-]-Þn-X-\m-Wv, XÀ-¡- bn P-\n-s¨-¦n-epw k-hÀ-W
an-Ã. A-t±-lw \m-bÀ k-aq-lw A-\p-`-hn-¡p-¶ {]-Xy-b-im-kv-{X-t¯m-Sv k-a-cw
iq-{Z ]-Z-hn-s¡-Xn-sc {_m-Ò-W k-ap-Zm-b-t¯m- sN-¿p-¶ a-\p-jyÀ X-§-fp-sS
Sv B- i - b - ] - c - a m- b n I- e - l n- ¨ B- f p- a m- W v . t]-cn-se \m-bÀ F-Sp-¯p-am-än
F-¶m {io-\m-cm-b-W-Kp-cp A-§-s\-b-à . \-¼q-Xn-cn F-Sp-¯p-am-än ]-d-
A-t±-lw _-ZÂ B-ßo-b-X ap-t¶m-«p-sh-¨n- b-\pw Ip-d-h-\pw sIm-i-h-\
«p-Å B-fm-Wv. A-Sn-¨-aÀ-¯-s¸-« a-\p-jy-cp-sS pw F-¶v {]-Xo-I-am-sb-¦n-epw
hn-tam-N-\-¯n-\m-bn `u-Xn-I Im-gv-N-¸m-Sp-I-fpw
A-tXm-sSm-¸w X-s¶ _-ZÂ B-ßo-b-X-bpw
t]-cn-s\m-¸w F-Sp-¯v tNÀ-
ap-t¶m-«p-sh-¨n-«p@v. A-k-a-am-b-Xn-s\ k-a-am- ¡p-I? F dn-th-gv-kv A-Pn-
¡p-¶ Pm-e-hn-Zy Pm-Xn-taÂ-t¡m-bv-a-bp-sS G-ä- tä-j³. B-\-µ-XoÀ
hpw h-en-b I-cp-¯m-Wv. A-Xv cm-{ão-b-¯n -°³ H-s¡ Xp-S-¡-an-«-XnÂ
Im-Wmw, X-Xz-Nn-´-bn Im-Wmw. F-Ãm-än-epw \n-¶pw hn-`n-¶-am-b H-cp t]-cv
Im-Wmw. Pm-Xn-s¡-Xn-sc-bp-Å {]-t£m-`-¯n-sâ tNÀ-¡Â.
`m-K-am-bn-«v H-cp Im-e-¯v A-[x-Øn-X-cm-b-h-cp-
sS t]-cn-sâ Iq-sS hÀ-a , Xn-cp-ta-\n, X-¼p-cm³
F-s¶m-s¡ tNÀ-¡p-¶ h-en-b {]-t£m-`w tI-

44 14 \hw_À 2020
t¸-cpw Iq-sS-t¨À-¯p. kz-´w Pm-Xn-t¸-cv tNÀ-
¯p- s Im@pw taÂ- P m- X n- ¡ mÀ F- ¶ v
I-cp-Xn-bn-cp-¶-h-cp-sS Pm-Xn-t¸-cv kzo-I-cn-¨p Pm-Xn-taÂ-t¡m-bv-a-bv-¡v Io-gv-s¸-
sIm@pw c@v co-Xn-bn-ep-Å k-a-cw. «p \nÂ-¡p-¶ H-cp k-aq-l-¯nÂ
C-¡m-e-¯v Rm³ ap-t¶m-«v h-bv-¡m-\p-t±- A-Xn-sâ B-[n-]-Xy-s¯-bpw
in-¡p-¶ Im-cyw C-Xm-Wv. Pm-Xn-t¸-cn h-en-b hn-t[-b-Xz-s¯-bpw Øm-]-\-h-Xv-
Im-cy-an-Ã F-¶v ]-d-bp-¶, k-hÀ-W-cm-bn P-\n- I-cn-¡m-\pw km-[q-I-cn-¡m-\pw
s¨-¦n-epw k-hÀ-W {]-Xy-b-im-kv-{X-t¯m-Sv bp-àn-h-Xv-¡-cn-¡m-\pw A-Xn-sâ
k-a-cw sN-¿p-¶ a-\p-jyÀ X-§-fp-sS t]-cn-se
\m-bÀ F-Sp-¯p-am-än \-¼q-Xn-cn F-Sp-¯p-am-än A-Sn-Øm-\-¯n B-sI t{i-
]-d-b-\pw Ip-d-h-\pw sIm-i-h-\pw F-¶v {]-Xo- Wo-_-²-am-bn X-«p-I-fm-bn hn-`-Pn-
I-am-sb-¦n-epw t]-cn-s\m-¸w F-Sp-¯v tNÀ- ¡m-\pw C-{X-ta I-gn-ªn-«p-Å
¡p-I? F dn-th-gv-kv A-Pn-tä-j³. B-\-µ-XoÀ a-säm-cp aÀ-±-I km-aq-ln-I kw-hn-
-°³ H-s¡ Xp-S-¡-an-«-Xn \n-¶pw hn-`n-¶-am-b [m-\-an-Ã. Pm-Xn-taÂ-t¡m-bv-a-bm-
H-cp t]-cv tNÀ-¡Â. Wv tem-I-¯n G-ä-hpw h-ep-Xpw
2020 Â F-¯p-t¼mÄ D-t±-in-¡p-¶ k-a-cw, ZoÀ-L-Im-ew \n-e-\n-¶-Xpw, \n-e-\n
D-bÀ-¶ Pm-Xn t]-cp-Å-hÀ Pm-Xn-taÂ-t¡m-bv- Â-¡p-¶-Xp-am-b aÀ-±-I kw-hn-
a-tbm-Sv hn-tcm-[w D-s@¦n am-{Xw A-hÀ
sN-t¿@Xv {]-Xo-Im-ß-I-am-bn A-[:Øn-X [m-\w. aÀ-±-I kw-hn-[m-\-¯n-sâ
Pm-Xn-I-fp-sS t]-cp-IÄ sN-dp-a-s\-t¶m Ip-d-h- A-I-¯v kz-Xz-kw-LÀ-jw F-¶-
s\-t¶m H-s¡ tNÀ-¡p-I-bm-Wv. A-§-s\ Xv Po-hn-X-¯n-sâ H-cp km-[m-c-W
tNÀ-¡m³ A-hÀ-¡v I-gn-bp-tam ?. sk-{I-t«-dn- A-h-Ø-bm-bn-cn-¡pw. tI-h-e-am-b
b-än-sâ A-hn-sS-sbm-s¡ ]-e t_mÀ-Up-I-fpw AÀ-°-¯n A-sXm-cp kz-Xz
D@v. ]-Wn-¡À F-¶pw hm-cyÀ F-¶p-sam-s¡ kw-LÀ-jw A-Ã. Pm-Xn-sb¡p-dn-¨v
]-d-ªv. A-sXm-s¡ A-hÀ Ip-d-h³ F-t¶m ]-d-bp-t¼mÄ, ]p-e-b-\pw ]-d-b-\pw
Ip-i-h³ F-t¶m H-s¡ B-¡p-I XmÂ-¡m-en-
I-am-bn-«v a-Xn. H-cm-gv-N a-Xn A-Xn-\v ss[-cy-ap-
Ip-d-h-\pw F-Ãm-h-cpw Iq-Sn-t¨À-¶-
t@m F-¶-Xm-Wv tNm-Zyw ?. Xm-Wv Pm-Xn.
k-hÀ-W-X-bp-sS Nn-Ó-§Ä taÂ-t¡m-bv-a-
sb kq-Nn-¸n-¡p-¶-Xv B-sW-¶pw A-Xp-t]-£n-
¡-s¸-tS@Xm-sW-¶pw I-cp-Xp-¶-h-tcm-Sv am-
{X-am-Wv Cu tNm-Zyw. H-cp Pm-Xn t]-cn-se- sb-´m-Wv.
´n-cn-¡p-¶p F-´v sN-¿p-¶p F-¶v t\m-¡n- sN-dn-b am-ä-§-sfm-s¡ D@m-bn-«p@m-Imw.
bm t]m-sc F-¶p tNm-Zn-¡p-¶-h-cm-Wv D-¯- Io-gm-f B-i-b-§Ä k-Po-h-am-Ip-¶-Xn-\v A-
cw ]-d-tb@Xv. C-Xv {]m-[m-\yw D-Å-X-Ã C-Xv \p- k - c n- ¨ v F- { X NÀ- ¨ sN- ¿ p- ¶ n- Ã F- ¶ v
bm-Zr-Ñn-I-am-bn t]-cn-s\m-¸w h-¶p Iq-Sn-b-Xm-Wv ]-d-ªm-epw \-ap-¡v C-¡m-cy-§Ä NÀ-¨ sN-
F-¶-hÀ k-Xy-k-Ô-am-bn hn-Nm-cn-¡p-¶p- t¿@n h-cpw. B AÀ-°-¯n h-en-b ap-t¶-
s@¦n A-hÀ-¡v A-Xn h-en-b {]-bm-kw
C-Ã-tÃm. Cu taÂ-t¡m-bv-a C-{X-bpw Im-ew {io-\m-cm-b-W-Kpcp
A-S-bm-f-s¸-Sp-¯n-b-Xn-ep-Å {]m-b-Ýn-¯w
B-bn-«v I-cp-Xn-bm a-Xn.
Pm-Xn-hm ap-dn-¡m-s\m-s¡ ]-e-cpw C-¶v
ap-t¶m-«p h-cp-¶p@v. 2016 sem-s¡ H-cp kw-
L-S-\m t\-Xm-hv Pm-Xn-hm ap-dn-¨-Xv h-en-b
hmÀ-¯-bp-am-bn-cp-¶p. 2020epw Im-ew am-dn-bn-
«pw F-{X-t¯m-fw \-½p-sS Nn-´m ]-cn-k-cw
am-dn-bn-«p@v. k-Xy-¯n kz-Xz-s¯-¡p-dn-¨p-Å
F-sâ Im-gv-N-¸m-Sv Rm³ hn-h-cn-¡p-¶-Xv C-c-
I-fp-sS am-\n-s^-kv-täm F-¶ ]p-kv-X-I-¯n-e-Ã.
1990 I-fn X-s¶ I-dp-¸n-s\ Ip-dn-¨v ]-d-bp-
¶p@v. 92 se Nn-´ P-·-Zn-\ ]-Xn-¸n-em-Wv
Im-¡ Ip-fn-¨m sIm-¡m-Ip-tam F-¶ te-J-\w
A-¨-Sn-¨p h-cp-¶-Xv.
A-Xn-sâ Xp-SÀ-¨-bn-em-Wv 99 Â Nn-´
]-»n-tj-gv-kv X-s¶ F-sâ I-dp-¸n-sâ ku-µ-
cy-im-kv-{Xw ]p-d-¯n-d-¡p-¶-Xv. A-Xn I-dp-
¸n-sâ t]-cn hn-th-N-\w A-\p-`-hn-¡p-¶-Xn-s\
Ip-dn-¨v ]-d-bp-¶p@v. \-½Ä 2020 B-W-tÃm
kw-km-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. C-t¸mÄ t]m-epw A-h-Ø-
14 \hw_À 2020
45
 F-¶-Xv Kp-P-dm-¯v Iq-«-s¡m-e-bv-¡v ti-jw
D@m-hp-¶-Xm-Wv. kzm-`m-hn-I-am-bpw Kp-P-dm-
¯n Iq-«-s¡m-e-bv-¡v hn-t[-b-am-b-Xv ap-kv-
enw-I-fm-Wv.
A-Xn-eq-sS H-cp B-i-b-am-Wv Rm³ ap-t¶m-
«p-h-bv-¡m³ {i-an-¨-Xv. A-Xn-t¸mÄ F-Ãm-h-cpw
Aw-Ko-I-cn-¨p I-gn-ªp. C-´y³ km-l-N-cy-
¯n C-kv-emw a-Xw F-¶-Xv H-cp aÀ-±n-X a-X-
am-bn am-dn-¡-gn-ªn-cn-¡p-¶p. ]-t£ A-¶-t¯-
¡mÄ Rm³ C-¶v G-sd ap-t¶m-«p-t]m-bn.
A-sX-´m-sW-¶v sh-¨m C-kv-emw a-X-hpw
{In-kv-Xy³ a-X-hpw C-¶v C-´y³ km-l-N-cy-
¯n aÀ-±n-X a-X-§-fm-Wv. A-[:Øn-X Pm-Xn
C-¶v aÀ-±n-X Pm-Xn-bm-Wv. A-Xp-sIm@v Pm-Xn-
tbm-Sp-Å s]m-Xp k-ao-]-\-a-Ã aÀ-±n-X Pm-Xn-
tbm-Sv ]p-eÀ-t¯@Xv. a-X-t¯m-Sp-Å s]m-Xp-
k-ao-]-\-a-Ã aÀ-±n-X a-X-t¯m-Sv ]p-eÀ-t¯@
Xv.
N«¼n-kzm-anIÄ
amÀ-Iv-kn-Ìp-I-sf Ip-dn-¨m-Wv Rm-\o ]-d-bp-
¶-Xv. ssk-²m-´n-I-am-bpw {]m-tbm-Kn-I-am-bpw
äw D@m-bn-«p@v. ]-t£ A-Xn-\v h-en-b hn-e a-X-t¯m-Sv km-am-\y-am-bn ]p-eÀ-¯p-¶ H-cp
sIm-Sp-t¡@n h-¶n-«p@v. Cu B-i-bw k-aq- k-ao-]-\-ap@v. B C-cp k-ao-]-\-§-fpw k-aq-
l-¯n A-h-X-cn-¸n-¨-Xn-sâ t]-cn ]-e A-[n- l-¯n H-cp a-Xw aÀ-±n-X a-X-am-bn XoÀ-¶mÂ
t£-]-§Ä-¡pw ]o-U-\-§Ä-¡pw C-c-bm-bn- ]p-eÀ-¯m³ ]m-Sn-Ã. aÀ-±n-X a-X-t¯m-sSm-¸w
«p@v . A- ¶ v Nn- ´ - b m- W v A- X v ]- » n- j v \nÂ-¡m-sX \n-§Ä-¡v amÀ-Iv-kn-Ìv B-hm³
sN-bv-X-sX-¦n-epw A-Xn-sâ {]-Im-i-\w t]m-epw I-gn-bn-Ã. aÀ-±n-X a-X-¯n Nn-e-t¸mÄ aÀ-±-I-
\-S-¶n-Ã. ]n-¶o-Sv Im-en-¡-äv bq-Wn-th-gv-kn-än cp-ap@m-hpw. B a-X-¯n-\-I-¯v Nn-e-t¸mÄ
sS-Iv-Ìv _p-¡v H-s¡-bm-¡n. ]n-s¶ \n-d-s¯ h-en-b aq-e-[-\-i-àn-I-fp-ap@m-hpw. F-Ãm hn-
A-Sn-Øm-\-s¸-Sp-¯n-bp-Å kz-Xz `o-Xn sh-fp- `m-K-¯nÂ-s¸-«-h-cpw D@m-Ipw. a-X-sa-¶ \n-e-
¯-h-cpw I-dp-¯-h-cpw X-½n-ep-Å sF-Iy-s¸- bn ap-gp-h-\m-sb-Sp-¯m Nn-e-t¸mÄ A-Xv
S-en-\v X-S-Ê-ap@m-¡p-tam-sb-¶p-Å B-ßmÀ-
°-am-b D-Xv-I-WvT-bpw D-bÀ-¶p-h-¶p. C-¡m-
cy-§-sfm-s¡ kq-£v-a-am-b AÀ-°-¯n Im-
cy-§-sf hn-e-bn-cp-¯p-¶-Xn-ep-Å t]m-cm-bv-a
sIm@p@m-b-Xp-am-Wv.
1992 Un-kw-_À B-dn-\v ti-j-ap-Å C-´y³
km-l-N-cy-s¯ hn-e-bn-cp-¯n Rm-\pw sI.F-kv
l-cn-l-c-\pw Iq-Sn ln-µp-Xz-¯n-sâ cm-{ão-b
]-cn-Wm-aw F-¶ H-cp ]p-kv-X-I-sa-gp-Xn.
B k-a-b-¯pw h-en-b F-XnÀ-¸p-IÄ t\-cn-
tS@n h-¶p. A-¶v P-\m-[n-]-Xy hm-Zn-I-fnÂ
h-en-sbm-cp hn-`m-Kw tNm-Zn-¨-Xv BÀ.F-kv.F
-kn-s\ Ip-dn-¨v C-{X-sbm-s¡ ]-d-b-tWm F-¶m-
Wv. BÀ.F-kv.F-kn-s\ hn-aÀ-in-¡-Ww F-¶
Im-cy-¯n A-hÀ-¡v XÀ-¡-an-Ã. Xo-{h-am-bn-«v
\-ap-¡-Xn-s\ F-XnÀ-¡-tWm F-¶-Xm-bn-cp-¶p
tNm-Zyw. kz-Xz kw-LÀ-j-s¯-¡p-dn-¨v F-gp-Xp-
I-bpw ]-d-bp-I-bpw sN-¿p-¶ H-cmÄ F-¶ \n-e-
bn F-sâ Po-hn-X-s¯ ]-e-t¸m-gpw A-S-bm-f-
s¸-Sp-¯p-¶-Xv C-c-I-fp-sS am-\n-s^-kv-täm
ap-X-em-Wv. A-Xv i-cn-b-Ã F-¶m-Wv Rm³
]-d-bp-¶-Xv.
]-t£ C-c-I-fp-sS am-\n-s^-kv-täm-bnÂ
]p-Xn-sbm-cp B-i-bw D-bÀ-¶v h-¶n-«p@v. I-dp-
¸n-s\ Ip-dn-¨v ]-d-bp-t¼mÄ A-Xn a-X-an-Ã.
ln-µp-Xz-¯n-sâ cm-{ão-b ]-cn-Wm-aw F-gp-Xp-
t¼mÄ BÀ.F-kv.F-kpw A-Xn-sâ C-c-I-fpw
F-¶ AÀ-°-¯n-em-Wv kw-hm-Zw ap-t¶m-«v
sh-¨-Xv. F-¶m C-c-I-fp-sS am-\n-s^-kv-täm

46 14 \hw_À 2020
tcm-ln-Xv shape
aÀ-±n-X a-Xw B-I-W-sa-¶n-Ã. ]-t£ C-¶-s¯
C-´y³ ]-Ým-¯-e-¯n A-Xv aÀ-±n-X a-Xw
B-bn-cn-¡p-¶p.
D-Zm-l-c-Ww \-ap-¡v Kp-P-dm-¯n X-s¶
Im-Wmw. Kp-P-dm-¯n sIm-Ã-s¸-«-Xv {]-tXy-I
]mÀ-«n-bnÂ-s]-« ap-kv-enw-I-f-Ã. a-X-hn-izm-kn-
IÄ am-{X-am-b ap-kv-enw-I-f-Ã. Z-cn-{Z-cm-b ap-
kv-enw-IÄ am-{X-a-Ã. \-½Ä ]-d-bm-dn-tà hÀ-Ko-
b-I-em-]-§-fn km-[m-c-W ln-µp-hm-bm-epw
ap-kv-en-am-bm-epw Z-cn-{Z-cm-Wv sIm-Ã-s¸-Sp-I
F-¶v. A-sXm-¶p-a-à Kp-P-dm-¯n sF.Pn dm-
¦n-ep-Å t]m-eo-kv D-tZym-K-ØÀ, P-Uv-Pn-bp-sS
]-Z-hn-bp-Å D-tZym-K-س, hy-h-km-bn-IÄ,
k-¼-¶À F-¶n-h-sc-Ãmw
B-{I-an-¡-s¸-«-Xv ap-kv-enw-IÄ B-b-Xp
sIm@v am-{X-am-Wv.
tIm¬-{K-kn-sâ C-lv-km³ P-{^n Fw.]n
h-en-b kzm-[o-\-ap-Å hy-àn-bm-bn-cp-¶p. A-h-
cpw sIm-Ã-s¸-«n-tÃ. \n-§-fp-sS ap-kv-enw kz-Xzw
sIm@p-am-{Xw \n-§Ä sIm-Ã-s¸-Sp-¶p. H-cp
ap-kv-enw-t]-cv B-{I-an-¡-s¸-Sm³ sIm-e sN-¿-
s¸-Sm³ \n-an-¯-am-Ip-¶ X-c-¯n-te-¡v H-cp
cm-{ãw B-sI am-dn-¡-gn-ªn-cn-¡p-¶p. kq-£v-
a-am-b AÀ-°w D@v A-Xn-\v. \-½Ä t\-c-s¯
]-d-ª aÀ-±-I-\pw aÀ-±n-X-\pw F-¶ AÀ-°w
A-à A-Xn-\v. C-´y-bn kzm-X-{´yw e-`n-¨
A-¶p-ap-XÂ C-kv-emw aÀ-±n-X a-X-am-bn am-dn
F-¶p-a-Ã hm-Zw. ^m-jn-k-¯n-s\-Xn-sc C-c-I-
fp-sS sF-Iyw ap-t¶m-«p-sh-¨-Xn-sâ t]-cn-epw
C-c-I-fp-sS am-\n-s^-kv-täm-bp-sS t]-cn-ep-am-Wv
Rm³ hn-aÀ-i-\ hn-t[-b-\m-b-Xv. A-Xm-Wv kz-
14 \hw_À 2020
C-c-I-fp-sS am-\n-s^-kv-täm F-¶-
Xv Kp-P-dm-¯v Iq-«-s¡m-e-bv-¡v
ti-jw D@m-hp-¶-Xm-Wv. kzm-
`m-hn-I-am-bpw Kp-P-dm-¯nÂ
Iq-«-s¡m-e-bv-¡v hn-t[-b-am-b-Xv
ap-kv-enw-I-fm-Wv. A-Xn-eq-sS H-cp
B-i-b-am-Wv Rm³ ap-t¶m-«p-h-bv-
¡m³ {i-an-¨-Xv. A-Xn-t¸mÄ F-Ãm-
h-cpw Aw-Ko-I-cn-¨p I-gn-ªp.
C-´y³ km-l-N-cy-¯n C-kv-emw
a-Xw F-¶-Xv H-cp aÀ-±n-X a-X-am-bn
am-dn-¡-gn-ªn-cn-¡p-¶p. ]-t£
A-¶-t¯-¡mÄ Rm³ C-¶v
G-sd ap-t¶m-«p-t]m-bn. A-sX-´m-
sW-¶v sh-¨m C-kv-emw a-X-hpw
{In-kv-Xy³ a-X-hpw C-¶v C-´y³
km-l-N-cy-¯n aÀ-±n-X a-X-§-
fm-Wv. A-[:Øn-X Pm-Xn C-¶v
aÀ-±n-X Pm-Xn-bm-Wv. A-Xp-sIm@v
Pm-Xn-tbm-Sp-Å s]m-Xp k-ao-]-\-
a-Ã aÀ-±n-X Pm-Xn-tbm-Sv
]p-eÀ-t¯@Xv. a-X-t¯m-Sp-Å
s]m-Xp-k-ao-]-\-a-Ã aÀ-±n-X a-X-
t¯m-Sv ]p-eÀ-t¯@Xv.
47
Xz-cm-{ão-bw F-¶v hn-fn-¨-Xv.
kz-Xzw F-¶-Xn Pm-Xn, a-Xw, `m-j, \n-dw,
enw-Kw F-¶n-h-sb-Ãmw s]-Spw. A-¶v \n-d-§-fp-
sS kz-Xz-¯n-eq-sS Rm³ B B-i-bw ap-t¶m-
«p sh-¨p. A-¶p-X-s¶ {]-iv-\-ap@v. C-c-I-fp-sS
am-\n-s^-kv-täm h-¶-t¸mÄ A-Xv cq-£-am-bn.
]-t£ H-¶m-tem-Nn-¨m a-Xw H-cp sF-Uân-än
X-s¶-bm-Wv. \-½p-sS _-tbm-tU-ä F-Sp-¯mÂ,
cm-{ã hy-h-lm-cw F-Sp-¯m \n-§-fp-sS `m-j
F-´m-Wv, \n-§-fp-sS sk-Iv-kv F-´m-Wv, \n-§-
fp-sS a-Xw F-´m-Wv F-¶ tNm-Zyw D-b-cp-¶p@v.
Rm³ a-X c-ln-X-\m-bn-«m-Wv h-fÀ-¶-Xv. X-Xz-
¯n-epw {]-tbm-K-¯n-ep-a-sX. ]-t£ F-sâ
kÀ-«n-^n-¡ä - n kvI
- q-fn tNÀ-¶t- ¸mÄ ap-XÂ
a-X-ap@v. ]-t£ R-§-fp-sS a-I-s\ tNÀ-¯-
Xn a-X-an-Ã. Cu kz-Xz cm-{ão-bw F-¶-Xv H-cp
k-¦oÀ-W-am-b {]-iv-\-am-Wv. A-Xv Ir-{Xn-a-am-bn
aq-Sn-h-bv-¡m³ ]-äp-¶ H-¶-Ã. \n-§Ä-¡v G-sX-
¦n-epw H-cp cm-Py-¯n-te P-\n-¡m-\m-Iq. H-cp
`m-j-bn-te ]n-d-¶p ho-gm-\m-Iq. a-e-bm-fn F-¶-
Xv H-cp sF-Uân-än A-tÃ. A-t¸mÄ H-cp sF-
Uân-än a-äv sF-Uân-än-IÄ-¡v F-Xn-c-Ã. KmÀ-
ln-I A-´-co-£-¯n H-cm-fp-sS \n-c-h-[n
sF-Uân-än-IÄ D@v. `À-¯m-hv B-bn-cn-¡mw,
A-ѳ B-bn-cn-¡mw s]m-Xp-{]-hÀ-¯-I³ B-bn-
cn-¡mw ]-e-X-cw sF-Uân-än-IÄ. ]-t£ Cu
sF-Uân-än-I-fn C-´y³ km-l-N-cy-¯nÂ,
t\-Xr-Xzw h-ln-¡p-¶ Po-hn-Xw \nÀ-W-bn-¡p-¶
H-cp sF-Uân-än A-Xv A-S-bm-f-s¸-Sp-¯n-bn-«n-Ã.
A-Xv Pm-Xn-taÂ-t¡m-bv-a-bm-Wv. A-Xm-Wv F-sâ
48
{]-[m-\-hm-Zw.
a-e-bm-fn-bm-b \n-§Ä-¡v X-an-gv ]Tn-¨n-«v X-an-
g-\m-Imw. a-X sF-Uân-än am-dmw. a-X-c-ln-X-\m
Imw. A-]qÀ-hw k-µÀ-`-§-fn-se-¦n-epw tem-
«-dn-tbm a-täm A-Sn-¨m hÀ-K-hpw am-dm-\m-
tb-¡pw. ]-t£ H-cn-¡Â t]m-epw \n-§-fp-sS
Pm-Xn \n-§-sf hn-Sn-Ã F-¶m-Wv Rm³ ]-d-bp-
¶-Xv. a-X c-ln-X-cn bp-àn-hm-Zn-I-fn Nn-e-
t¸mÄ a-Xw D@m-In-Ã ]-t£ Pm-Xn {]-hÀ-¯n-
¡p-¶p@m-hpw. F-¶n {]-hÀ-¯n-¨ Pm-Xn
Xn-cn-¨-dn-ª H-cp kw-`-hw Rm³ ]-d-bmw. Rm³
a-X c-ln-X-\m-Wv Pm-Xn-c-ln-X-\m-Wv. ]-t£
Pm-Xn F-¶n F-§-s\ {]-hÀ-¯n-¨p. ]nÂ-
¡m-e-¯v Rm³ A-Xv Xn-cn-¨-dn-bp-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p.
^m-dq-Jv tIm-f-Pn A-²ym-]-I³ B-bn-cp-¶-
t¸mÄ a- e - b m- f w _n.F ¢m- k n F- s â
B-ßmÀ-° B-{K-lw F-Ãm Ip-«n-I-fpw \-¶m-bn-
«v ]Tn-¡-Ww F-¶-Xm-bn-cp-¶p. h-f-sc {]-bm-
k-s¸-«v h-cp-¶ Ip-«n-IÄ A-h-sc \-¶m-bn
t\m-¡n \-¶m-bn ]Tn-¸n-¡-Ww C-Xm-bn-cp-¶p
F-sâ Nn-´. Z-fn-Xv Ip-«n-I-sf A-h-cp-sS \n-dw
sIm@pw \n-Ê-lm-b-X sIm@pw s]-s«-¶v Xn-
cn-¨-dn-bm-\m-Ipw. A-hÀ ¢m-Ên sN-dn-b D-g-¸v
Im-«n-bm Rm³ A-h-sc ^-bÀ sN-¿pw. \n-
§Ä C-§-s\ D-g-¸m³ ]m-Sn-à F-¶v ]-d-bpw.
A-Xp-t]m-se e-£-Zzo-]n \n-¶pw h-cp-¶ Ip-
«n-IÄ D@v . Rm³ ¢m-Êv F-Sp-¯p I-gn-ªmÂ
e-£-Zzo-]n \n-¶p-Å H-cm-tfm-Sm-Wv tNm-Zyw
tNm-Zn-¡p-I. F-¶n-«v Rm³ ]-d-bpw \n-§Ä-¡v
a-\-Ên-em-bn I-gn-ªm ]n-s¶ Cu ¢m-kn-se
14 \hw_À 2020
F-Ãm-hÀ-¡pw a-\-Ên-em-Ip-sa-¶v. Rm³ A-Sn-
h-c-bn-«p ]-d-bp-¶p k-Xy-k-Ô-am-bpw Rm³
A- h À \- ¶ m- b n ]Tn- ¡ m- \ m- W v A- § - s \-
sbm-s¡ sN-bv-Xn-cp-¶-Xv.
]n-¶o-Sv Rm³ B-tem-Nn-¨-t¸mÄ A-Xp-X-
s¶-bm-Wv Pm-Xn-taÂ-t¡m-bv-a F-¶v ]-d-bp-¶-
Xv. Pm-Xn tNm-Zn-t¡@ A-h-sc D-]-{Z-hn-t¡@
H-¶pw sN-t¿@. A-Xn H-cp-X-cw c-£m-IÀ-
Xr-Xz-¯n-sâ {]-Ñ-¶ cq-]w A-S-§n-bn-«p@v.
A-Xp-t]m-se th-sd H-cp A-\p-`-h-ap@v. i-cn-
b-¯v hn-hm-Zw I-¯n-¸-S-cp-¶ Im-e-am-W-Xv.
tIm-gn-t¡m-Sv Pn-Ã-bn-se Ip-än-¡m-«q-cn {]-kw-
Kn-¡p-¶ k-a-bw. H-cp ap-kv-enw `q-cn-]-£ {]-tZ-
i-am-Wv. A-hn-sS i-co-A-¯v hn-hm-Zw kw-km-
cn-¡p-t¼mÄ Ip-d-¨v B-fp-IÄ hn-tcm-[-ap-Å
BÄ-¡m-cm-Wv. A-t¸mÄ Rm³ {]-kw-K-¯n-
\n-S-bn ]-d-ªp C-Xv C-´y³ bq-Wn-b-\v
Io-gn-ep-Å Ip-än-¡m-«qÀ B-Wv A-Ãm-sX
]m-In-Øm-\n-se dm-hÂ-]n@n A-Ã. A-Xn-\v
h-en-b I-¿-Sn B-bn-cp-¶p. Rm³ tIm-cn-¯-cn-
¨p.
]-t£ , hÀ-j-§Ä-¡v ti-jw F-¶n-se
P-\m-[n-]-Xy Im-gv-N-¸m-Sv h-fÀ-¶p-h-¶-t¸mÄ
Rm³ kz-bw hn-aÀ-i-\-]-c-am-bn Nn-´n-¨-t¸mÄ
C-Xp-X-s¶-b-tà kw-L-]-cn-hm-dpw ]-d-bp-¶-Xv.
C-Xv X-s¶-b-tà Pm-Xn-taÂ-t¡m-bv-a-bpw ]-d-bp-
¶-Xv. H-cp ap-kv-enw `q-cn-]-£ {]-tZ-iw F-§-
s\-bm-Wv dm-hÂ-]n@n B-hp-I. Rm³ ]-d-ª-
Xn- \ v Np- c p- ¡ w C- { X- t b D- Å q. \- a p- ¡ v
cm-{ão-b-¸mÀ-«n am-dm³ ]-äpw. a-Xw am-dm³ ]-äpw.
]-t£ Pm-Xn am-dm³ ]-än-Ã. C-¶v Pm-Xn \-½p-
sS taÂ-t¡m-bv-a kw-kv-Im-c-¯n-sâ s]m-Xp
A-´-co-£w B-bn am-dn-¡-gn-ªn-«p@v.
aÀ-±n-X a-X-t¯m-sSm-¸w \nÂ-
¡m-sX \n-§Ä-¡v amÀ-Iv-kn-Ìv
B-hm³ I-gn-bn-Ã. aÀ-±n-X a-X-
¯n Nn-e-t¸mÄ aÀ-±-I-cp-ap@m-
hpw. B a-X-¯n-\-I-¯v Nn-e-t¸mÄ
h-en-b aq-e-[-\-i-àn-I-fp-ap@m-
hpw. F-Ãm hn-`m-K-¯nÂ-s¸-«-h-cpw
D@m-Ipw. a-X-sa-¶ \n-e-bnÂ
ap-gp-h-\m-sb-Sp-¯m Nn-e-t¸mÄ
A-Xv aÀ-±n-X a-Xw B-I-W-sa-
¶n-Ã. ]-t£ C-¶-s¯ C-´y³
]-Ým-¯-e-¯n A-Xv aÀ-±n-X
a-Xw B-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. D-Zm-l-c-Ww
\-ap-¡v Kp-P-dm-¯n X-s¶ Im-
Wmw. Kp-P-dm-¯n sIm-Ã-s¸-«-Xv
{]-tXy-I ]mÀ-«n-bnÂ-s]-« ap-kv-enw-
I-f-Ã. a-X-hn-izm-kn-IÄ am-{X-am-b
ap-kv-enw-I-f-Ã. Z-cn-{Z-cm-b ap-kv-enw-
IÄ am-{X-a-Ã. \-½Ä ]-d-bm-dn-tÃ
hÀ-Ko-b-I-em-]-§-fn km-[m-c-W
ln-µp-hm-bm-epw ap-kv-en-am-bm-epw
Z-cn-{Z-cm-Wv sIm-Ã-s¸-Sp-I F-¶v.

kz-Xz-cm-{ão-bw A-h-X-cn-¸n-¡p-t¼mÄ A-Xv

h-en-b hn-hm-Z-am-bn-cp-¶p. ]-t£ C-¶v Im-ew
h-Ãm-sX am-dn. ]-e-t¸m-gpw hÀ-K cm-{ão-b-t¯m-
Sv H-¸w Aw-t_-Zv-I-dn-Ìp-I-sf-bpw Iq-sS-tNÀ-
¡m-sa-¶ co-Xn-bn-te-¡v C-S-Xv cm-{ão-b A-´-
co-£-hpw am-dn. {]-tXy-In-¨v kw-L-]-cn-hmÀ
cm-{ão-b-¯n-\v Xp-SÀ-¨-bm-bn `-c-Ww In-«p-¶
C-¡m-e-¯v. cm-{ão-b Im-gv-N-¸m-Sp-I-fn-se Cu
am-ä-s¯ F-§-s\-bm-Wv sI.C. F³ hn-e-bn-
cp-¯p-¶-Xv ?
kz-Xz-hpw {]-[m-\-am-sW-¶ Im-gv-N-¸m-Sv
]p-eÀ-¯p-¶-h-sc F-{X F-XnÀ-¯m-epw hn-aÀ- cm-Pmdmw tam-l³ dmbv
in-¨m-epw h-kv-Xp-X-IÄ h-kv-Xp-X-IÄ A-Ãm-sX
B-hn-Ã-tÃm. bq-tdm-¸n A-Sn-a-bpw D-S-a-bpw
P-·n-bpw Ip-Sn-bm-\pw sXm-gn-em-fn-bpw ap-X-em-
fn-bpw B-bn-«p-Å hÀ-K hn-`-P-\-am-Wv D@m-bn-
cp-¶-Xv. C-hn-sS Zzn-P-cpw iq-{Z-cpw B-bn-«m-Wv
hÀ-K-hn-`-P-\w. C-Xv C.Fw.F-kv X-s¶ F-gp-
Xn-b-Xm-Wv. Pm-Xn t{i-Wn-¡v A-I-¯m-Wv hÀ-K
hn-`-P-\w \-S-¡p-¶-sX-¶v sb-¨q-cn-bpw ]-d-ªn-
«p@v. H-cp ap-kv-enw sXm-gn-em-fn, sXm-gn-em-fn
F-¶ \n-e-bn-epw ap-kv-enw F-¶ \n-e-bn-epw
C-c-« Nq-j-Ww A-\p-`-hn-¡p-¶p-s@¶v _n.Sn
c-W-Zn-sh-bpw ]-d-ªn-cp-¶p. A-hÀ km-aq-ln-I
hn-th-N-\-hpw km-¼-¯n-I Nq-j-W-hpw A-\p- a¶¯v ]-ß-\m`³
14 \hw_À 2020
49
`-hn-¡p-¶p@v.
C-hn-Sp-s¯ Im-bn-I A-²zm-\-ap-Å tPm-en-
I-fn GÀ-s¸-Sp-¶-h-cn B-cm-Wv `q-cn-]-£w.
bq-tdm-]y³ ]-Ým-¯-e-¯n G-ä-hpw A-Sn-¯-
«n-ep-Å-hÀ sXm-gn F-Sp-¡p-¶-h-cm-Wv. C-´y³
km-l-N-cy-¯n Cu sXm-gn-se-Sp-¡p-¶-Xpw
km-aq-ln-I hn-th-N-\w A-\p-`-hn-¡p-¶-Xpw C-c-
« Nq-j-Ww t\-cn-Sp-¶ Io-gm-f k-aq-l-§-fm-Wv.
kv-{Xo-IÄ B-sW-¦n A-Xv aq-¶p-X-cw Nq-
j-Ww B-bn-cn-¡pw. {Sm³-kv-sP³-UÀ B-sW-
¦n A-Xv \m-ep-X-cw Nq-j-W-am-bn-cn-¡pw.
F-\n-¡p ap-t¶ ]-d-ª I-ayq-Wn-Ìv ssk-²m-
´n-I-cp-sS Im-gv-N-¸m-Sp-IÄ A-Xv k-a-Im-en-I-
am-b co-Xn-bn Rm³ F-tâ-Xm-b co-Xn-bnÂ
A-h-X-cn-¸n-¡p-I-bm-Wv sN-bv-X-Xv. B k-a-b-¯v
H-cp h-en-b `m-K-¯p-\n-¶v F-XnÀ-¸p@m-bn.
]-t£ F-sâ Cu ]p-kv-X-Iw {]-kn-²o-I-cn-
¨-Xv Nn-´ X-s¶-bm-Wv. C-c-I-fp-sS am-\n-s^-
kv-täm A-{X-bv-¡v hn-hm-Z-am-bn. B-Zyw {]-kn-
²o-I-cn-¨-Xv t{]m-{K-kv ]-»n-tj-gv-kv B-Wv.
A-t¸m-gm-Wv hn-hm-Zw h-cp-¶-Xv. ]n-¶o-Sv ]p-Xn-b
]-Xn-¸p-IÄ C-d-¡p-¶-Xv Nn-´-bm-Wv. C-t¸mÄ
B-dm-a-s¯ ]-Xn-¸m-Wv cw-K-¯p-Å-Xv. ]n-s¶
C-tX-¯p-SÀ-¶m-Wv km-aq-ln-I cm-{ão-b A-´-
co-£-¯n-se ]-e am-ä-§-fpw DÄ-s¡m@v Io-gm-f
]-£-¯p-\n-¶p-Å hn-aÀ-i-\-§-fpw ]mÀ-«n-¡-
I-s¯ kw-hm-Z-§-fp-sS-bpw `m-K-am-bn ]-«n-I-Pm-
Xn-t£-a-k-an-Xn H-s¡ D@m-Ip-¶-Xv.
B-Zn-hm-kn t£-a-k-an-Xn D@m-Ip-¶-Xv.
\yq-\-]-£-§Ä-¡v C-S-bn {S-Ìp-IÄ H-s¡
cq-]o-I-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. ap-kv-enw \yq-\-]-£-§Ä-¡m-
bn am-{X-am-W-tÃm ap-Jy-[m-c F-¶ {]-kn-²o-I-
c-Ww D@m-Ip-¶-Xv. F-\n-s¡-Xn-sc F-XnÀ-
¸p@m-bn F-¶p-Å-Xv i-cn. Rm³ A-h-X-cn-¸n-¨
B-i-b-§Ä X-s¶-bm-Wv ]n-¶o-Sv {]-tbm-K-
¯n h-¶-Xv. {]-tbm-K-¯n h-s¶-¦n-epw
kq-£v-a-X-e-¯n C-¡m-cy-§-sfm-s¡ DÄ-
s¡m-Åp-¶-Xn Pm-Xn-taÂ-t¡m-bv-a-bp-sS A-]
m-c-am-b i-àn-sIm@pw A-Xn-s\-Xn-sc-bp-Å
hn-aÀ-i-\-§Ä kq-£v-a-am-bn kzmw-io-I-cn-¡p-
¶-Xn-ep-Å I-gn-hv-tI-Sv sIm@pw-th@{X {]-Xn-
tcm-[w D-bÀ-¶v h-cp-¶n-Ã F-¶-Xpw bm-YmÀ-°y-
am-Wv.
50
^m-jn-k-¯n-s\-Xn-sc C-c-I-fp-sS
sF-Iyw ap-t¶m-«p-sh-¨-Xn-sâ t]-cn-
epw C-c-I-fp-sS am-\n-s^-kv-täm-bp-
sS t]-cn-ep-am-Wv Rm³ hn-aÀ-i-\
hn-t[-b-\m-b-Xv. A-Xm-Wv kz-Xz-cm-
{ão-bw F-¶v hn-fn-¨-Xv.
kz-Xzw F-¶-Xn Pm-Xn, a-Xw,
`m-j, \n-dw, enw-Kw F-¶n-h-sb-Ãmw
s]-Spw. A-¶v \n-d-§-fp-sS kz-Xz-
¯n-eq-sS Rm³ B B-i-bw
ap-t¶m-«p sh-¨p. A-¶p-X-s¶
{]-iv-\-ap@v. C-c-I-fp-sS am-\n-s^-
kv-täm h-¶-t¸mÄ A-Xv cq-£-am-
bn. ]-t£ H-¶m-tem-Nn-¨m a-Xw
H-cp sF-Uâ n-än X-s¶-bm-Wv.
\-½p-sS _-tbm-tU-ä F-Sp-¯mÂ,
cm-{ã hy-h-lm-cw F-Sp-¯mÂ
\n-§-fp-sS `m-j F-´m-Wv, \n-§-
fp-sS sk-Iv-kv F-´m-Wv, \n-§-fp-
sS a-Xw F-´m-Wv F-¶ tNm-Zyw
D-b-cp-¶p@v.
BÀ. FÂ.hn cm-a-Ir-jv-W-\p-am-bn _-Ô-
s¸-« hn-aÀ-i-\-§-sf Cu A-´-co-£-¯nÂ
\n-¶v th-W-tam Im-Wm³ ?
tI-c-f-¯n-se P-\m-[n-]-Xy k-aq-lw BÀ.
FÂ. hn cm-a-Ir-jv-W-\v H-¸w X-s¶ \nÂ-¡-
Ww. A-Xn H-cp kw-i-b-hp-an-Ã. BÀ.FÂ.hn
cm-a-Ir-jv-W³ H-cp A-`n-ap-J-¯n ]-d-ªp
cm-a-Ir-jv-W³ H-cp ]-d-b³ F-¶v kz-bw hn-fn-
¡m³ X-¿m-dm-sW-¶v. C-hn-sS-bm-Wv Rm³
ap-t¶ ]-d-ª Im-cyw ho@pw B-hÀ-¯n-¡p-
¶-Xv. F-´p-sIm@m-Wv D-bÀ-¶ Pm-Xn D-Å
B-fp-IÄ C-¯-cw hm-ep-IÄ A-h-cp-sS Iq-sS
Iq-«m-¯-Xv.
14 \hw_À 2020
 ]n-s¶ \-½-fp-sS H-cp A-\p-`-h tem-Iw F-¶v
]-d-bp-¶-Xv. \-ap-¡v tI-«-dn-hp@v , I@dn-
hp@v, hm-bn-¨-dn-hp@v, Du-ln-¨-dn-hp@v,
sIm@dn-hp@v. A-Xn G-ä-hpw Xo-£v-W-am-b
ssh-Im-cn-I-am-b A-dn-hv sIm@dn-hm-Wv. a-äp
\m-ev A-dn-hn-t\-¡mÄ Xo-{h-X sIm@dn-hn-
\m-bn-cn-¡pw. {]-tXy-In-¨pw B-[n-]-Xy hn-t[-
b-Xz irw-J-e-IÄ-¡-I-¯v Po-hn-¨p-sIm@n-cn-
¡p-¶ H-cp k-aq-l-s¯ kw-_-Ôn-¨v sIm@
dn-hm-bn-cn-¡pw G-ä-hpw ssh-Im-cn-Iw. F-¶mÂ
k-a-·mÀ-¡n-S-bn C-¯-cw A-dn-hp-I-fp-sS
C-{X Xo-{h-am-b H-cp hn-`-P-\w \n-e-\nÂ-¡p-I-
bn-Ã. \-½Ä H-cp A-`n-{]m-b-{]-I-S-\w \-S-¯p-
t¼mÄ, H-cp I-em-Im-c-\v H-cp A-h-k-c-¯n-\v
B-bn-«v H-cp Øm-]-\-s¯ k-ao-]n-¡p-¶ B-sf-
¶ \n-e-bn A-Xv A-bm-fp-sS A-h-Im-i-am-
sW-¶m-Wv Rm³ ]-d-bp-I.
{]-Øm-\-¯n-sâ A-[n-Im-cn-I-fp-sS s]-cp-
am-äw, km-[m-c-W-K-Xn-bn A-h-sc kw-_-Ôn-
¨n-S-t¯m-fw km-[p-hm-bn-cn-¡mw. ]-t£ A-hn-
sS F-¯-s¸-« I-em-Im-c-s\ kw-_-Ôn-¨n-
S-t¯m-fw A-Xv F-§-s\ A-\p-`-h-s¸-Sp-¶p
F-¶p-Å-Xv {]-[m-\-am-Wv. B A-\p-`-h-¯n-\v
H-¸-am-Wv P-\m-[n-]-Xyw \nÂ-t¡@Xv. H-cp
]p-cp-j-sâ t\m-«w F-§-s\ A-\p-`-h-s¸-Sp-¶p
F-¶v B-Xy-´n-I-am-bn ]-d-tb@Xv H-cp kv-{Xo
X-s¶-bm-Wv. Im-c-Ww A-hÀ-¡v B-W-tÃm
A-Xv sIm-Åp-¶-Xv. I-dp-¯ B-sf-¡p-dn-¨v sh-
fp-¯ BÄ \-S-¯p-¶ I-aâ v sh-fp-¯ B-fp-
sS X-e-¯n \n-¶v-t\m-¡n-bm Ip-g-¸w D@m-
hn-Ã. ]-t£ I-dp-¯ BÄ-¡v A-Xp@m-¡p-¶X - v
am-\-kn-I kw-LÀ-j-hpw th-Z-\-bpw B-sW-
¦n B I-dp-¯ B-fp-sS am-\-kn-I \n-e-bm-Wv
am-\-Z-Þ-am-t¡@Xv.
Cu H-cp km-l-N-cy-¯n-em-Wv BÀ.FÂ.hn
cm-a-Ir-jv-W-s\ \mw ]n-´p-W-bv-t¡@Xv.
tcm-ln-Xv sh-ap-e-sb-¡p-dn-¨v ]-d-bm-dp@v. tcm-
ln-Xv sh-ap-e H-cp C-´y³ sF-I¬ B-b-tÃm.
BÀ.FÂ.hn cm-a-Ir-jv-W³ k-Xy-¯n A-]-
I-S-s¸-«p-t]m-bn-cp-s¶-¦n-tem. B `m-cw a-X-\n-
c-t]-£ P-\m-[n-]-Xy-tI-c-fw F-§-s\ Xm-§pw.
BÀ.FÂ.hn cm-a-Ir-jv-W-s\ t]m-se-bp-Å
H-cp h-en-b I-em-{]-Xn-` sh-dp-sX Kp-fn-I I-gn-
¨v Po-hn-t¡@ F-¶v Xo-cp-am-\n-¡p-tam. A-bm-
fp-sS D-Ån A-{X-bpw sIm@n-«p@v. B
sIm@dn-hm-Wv am-\-Z-Þw.
C-S-Xp-]-£-s¯ ¡p-dn-¨v {]-[m-\-am-bpw D-bÀ-
¶p-h-cp-¶ H-cp hn-aÀ-i-\w A-hÀ-¡v Pm-Xn-sb
i-cn-bm-b co-Xn-bn A-`n-kw-t_m-[-\ sN-¿m³
I-gn-bp-¶n-à F-¶-Xm-Wv. F-¶m ]n.sI.F-
kpw B-Zn-hm-kn-t£-a k-an-Xn-bpw t]m-ep-Å
kw-L-S-\-IÄ Nq@n ]mÀ-«n Pm-Xo-b-am-bn
B-sf kw-L-Sn-¸n-¡p-¶p F-¶p-Å hn-aÀ-i-\-
hpw a-dp-`m-K-¯v D-b-cp-¶p. F-§-s\ {]-Xn-I-cn-
¡p-¶p Cu hn-aÀ-i-\-§-tfm-Sv ?
C-´y-bn-se Pm-Xn {]-iv-\-§-sf kq-£v-a-am-
bn hn-i-I-e-\w sN-¿m-\pw A-]-{K-Yn-¡m-\pw
C-´y³ I-ayq-Wn-Ìv ]mÀ-«n {i-an-¨n-«p@v . B-Zy-
14 \hw_À 2020
L-«-¯n A-Xn Pm-Xn-taÂ-t¡m-bv-a-sb
Ir-Xy-am-bn A-S-bm-f-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶-Xn ho-gv-N-
IÄ h-¶n-«p@v. ]n-¶o-Sv ho-gv-N-IÄ hn-e-bn-cp-
¯n C-´y³ A-h-Ø-sb a-\-Ên-em-¡n Xn-cn-
¨-dn-ªn-«p@v. B Xn-cn-¨-dn-hn-sâ A-Sn-Øm-
\-¯n-em-Wv A-Jn-te-´ym Z-fn-Xv I¬-sh³-j³
tNÀ-¶-Xv. A-Xn-sâ A-Sn-Øm-\-¯n-em-Wv A-Xp-
h-sc IÀ-j-I-s¯m-gn-em-fn-bm-bn DÄ-s¸-Sp-¯n-
bn-cp-¶ B-Zn-hm-kn-I-sf B-Zn-hm-kn-t£-a
k-an-Xn-¡v Io-gn A-Wn \n-c-¯n-b-Xv.
A-[x-Øn-X-sc ]n. sI. F-kn-te-¡v tNÀ-
¯-Xv. Pm-Xn-taÂ-t¡m-bv-a-bv-¡v F-Xn-sc \-S-¡p-
¶ k-a-c-§-fn t\-cn-«v ]-s¦-Sp-¯v ]-e Ø-e-
§-fn-epw ]mÀ-«n t\-Xr-Xzw sIm-Sp-¯n-«p@v .
X-an-gv-\m-«n-se D-¯w ]p-cn a-Xn s]m-fn-¡p-
¶-Xn-\v t\-Xr-Xzw sIm-Sp-¯-Xv ap-XÂ Pm-Xn-
taÂ-t¡m-bv-a-bv-¡v F-Xn-sc-bp-Å k-a-c-§-fnÂ
ap-t¶m-«v X-s¶-bm-Wv s]m-bvs - ¡m@n-cn-¡p-¶X - v.
Rm³ {]-`m-j-W-§-fn B-hÀ-¯n-¨v ]-d-bm-
dp@v \-½p-sS ta-i-¸p-d-¯v h-bv-t¡@ c@p
]p-kv-X-I-§-fn H-¶v I-ayq-Wn-Ìv am-\n-s^-
kv-täm-bm-sW-¦n A-Xn-sâ sXm-«-Sp-¯v th@
Xv Aw-t_-Zv-I-dn-sâ Pm-Xn D-·q-e-\w F-¶
]p-kv-X-I-am-bn-cn-¡-W-sa-¶v.
I-ayq-Wn-Ìv am-\n-s^-kv-täm am-{Xw hm-bn-¨n-
«v C-´y-sb a-\-Ên-em-¡m-\m-In-Ã. PÀ-a-\n-sb
a-\-Ên-em-¡m³ ]-äpw, {^m³-kn-s\ a-\-Ên-em-
¡m³ ]-äpw. F-¶m A-tX am-\n-s^-kv-täm
C-´y³ km-lN - c- y-¯n a-\Ê - n-em-IW
- s- a-¦nÂ
A-tXm-sSm-¸w Aw-t_-Zv-I-dp-sS Pm-Xn D-·q-e-\-
hpw Iq-Sn hm-bn-¡-Ww. A-Sn-a D-S-a F-¶ co-Xn-
bn-ep-Å H-cp kw-hn-[m-\w A-Ã C-´y-bnÂ.
Iq-Sp-XÂ k-¦oÀ-W-am-b H-cp kw-hn-[m-\-am-W-
Xv. k-am-\-X-I-fn-Ãm-¯ H-cp km-aq-ln-I aÀ-Z-I
kw-hn-[m-\¯ - n-sâ F-{X-tbm \q-äm@p-If - m-bp-Å
taÂ-t¡m-bv-a-bv-¡v Io-gn-ep-Å Po-hn-X-am-Wv
C-hn-sS-bp-Å-Xv. A-Xp ]-cn-K-Wn-t¡@Xp@v.
kq-£v-a-am-bn A-Xn-s\ ]-cn-K-Wn-¡p-¶-XnÂ
P-\m-[n-]-Xy kw-L-S-\-IÄ-¡v Nn-e h-gp-¡-ep-
I-sfm-s¡ D@m-bn-«p@v. A-sXm-s¡ ]-cn-l-cn-
¨p-sIm@v ap-t¶m-«p-t]m-Ip-¶-Xn-\p-Å {]-hÀ-
¯-\-am-Wv \-S-¶p-sIm@n-cn-¡p-¶-Xv.
courtesy: abhimukham.com
51
GX³-kn-te-¡v
aS¡w

UÂ^n

52 14 \hw_À 2020
G.-Iyq. alvZn
{In -kv-Xp-hn-\p ap-¼v 14-þmw \q-äm-
@n ssa-Yo-\y³ Im-e-¯m-
Wv a-e-ap-I-fn sUÂ-^n-
sb-¶ Cu \-K-cw D-bnÀ-sIm-@-sX-¶m-Wv
N-cn-{Xw. _n.-kn. B-dmw i-X-I-am-b-s¸m-tg-bv-
¡pw Cu \-K-cw A-Xn-sâ kÀ-h-{]-Xm-]-§-fpw
ssI-h-cn-¨p I-gn-ªn-cp-¶p. _n.-kn. 356þ ap-X-
ep-Å 10 hÀ-j-¡m-ew Hm-kn-b³ A-[n-\n-th-i-
¯n-tâ-Xm-bn-cp-¶p. A-¡m-e-s¯m-s¡ sUÂ-
^n \-K-c-¯n-\v \m-i-sam-¶p-ap-@m-bn-Ã.
tdm-a-¡m-cp-sS h-c-thm-sS-bm-Wv sUÂ-^n
F-¶ kp-hÀ-W \-K-c-¯n-sâ ]-X-\w Xp-S-§n-
b-Xv. C-hn-S-s¯ ]-e a-µn-c-§-fpw X-IÀ-¯p-I-
f-ª-Xpw inÂ-¸-§-fpw a-äpw sIm-Å-b-Sn-¨-Xpw
tdm-am-¡m-cm-Wv.
A-t¸m-tfm tZ-h-sâ t£-{Xw C-hn-sS-bm-bn-
cp-¶p. Cu t£-{X-s¯-¸-än {Ko-¡v ]p-cm-W-§-
fn c-k-I-c-am-b H-cp I-Y-bp-@v.
`q-an-tZ-hn-bp-sS {]-h-N-\-Øm-\-am-bn-cp-¶
C-Xn-s\ Um-Iv-t\m F-¶ `o-I-c k-Xz-am-Wv
kw-c-£n-¨n-cp-¶-Xv. `q-an-tZ-hn-bm-Wv Um-Iv-t\m-
sb \n- b - a n- ¨ - X v . C- h n- S w ]n- S n- s ¨- S p- ¡ p-
14 \hw_À 2020
hm-\m-{K-ln-¨ A-t¸m-tfm H-cp {]-h-N-\ aÂ-k-
c-¯n Um-Iv-t\m-sb ]-cm-P-b-s¸-Sp-¯n-b-s{X.
A-§-s\ t£-{X-s¯ X-sâ {]-h-N-\-tI-{µ-am-
¡n-b A-t¸m-tfm ]-cm-Pn-X-\m-b Um-Iv-t\m-sb
C-hn-S-s¯ {]-[m-\ ]p-tcm-ln-X-\m-bn \n-b-an-
¡p-I-bpw sN-bv-Xp. h-en-sbm-cp t£-{X-am-Wv
C-hn-sS D@m-bn-cp-¶-sX-¶v A-Xn-sâ X-d-bpw
Xq-Wp-I-fp-sa-Ãmw km-£y-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶p. ap-¼v
C-hn-sS ssU-t\-jy-kn-sâ H-cp {]-Xn-a D@m-
bn-cp-¶p. a-ªp-Im-e-am-hp-t¼mÄ A-t¸m-tfm
tZ-h³ sUÂ-^n-bnÂ-\n-¶pw t]m-Ipw F-¶m-
bn-cp-¶p `-à-cp-sS hn-izm-kw. A-t¸m-tfm-bp-sS
sh-fn-¨-¸m-Sp-I-fpw A-¶v C-hn-sS \n-¶v Ø-ew
hn-Sp-am-bn-cp-¶p. B C-S-th-f k-a-b-¯v B-cm-
[n-¡p-¶-Xn-\m-Wv ssU-t\-jy-kn-sâ {]-Xn-a
Cu t£-{X-¯n Øm-]n-¨-Xv.
a-e-s©-cn-hn-eq-sS ho@pw \-S-¶p. a-e-tbm-
c-¯v H-cp {]-tXy-I-X-cw ]q-¡Ä hn-SÀ-¶p \n
Â-¡p-¶p. Cu sN-Sn-IÄ-¡p-ap@v {Ko-¡v ]p-cm-
W-¯n Øm-\w. A-¶-s¯ cm-P-Ip-am-c-t\m-
Sv A-t¸m-tfm tZ-h-\v h-f-sc C-jv-S-am-bn-cp-¶p.
H-cn-¡Â A-h-s\ A-t¸m-tfm, I-fn-¡-f-¯n-te-
{Kokv bm{Xmhn-h-cWw
Ah-km-\n-¡p¶p
53

¡p sIm@p-t]m-bn. Un-kv-¡-kv F-dn-b ]
Tn-¸n-¡p-¶-Xn-\n-S-bnÂ, A-t¸m-tfm-bp-sS I-¿nÂ-
\n-¶pw A-Xp sX-dn-¨p-t]m-bn cm-P-Ip-am-c-sâ
X-e-bn ho-Wp. X-e-tbm-Sv s]m-«n-¨n-X-dn cm-P-
Ip-am-c³ a-cW- a- S- ª
- p. A-hs
- â tZ-l¯
- p-\n-¶pw
sX-dn-¨p-ho-W tNm-c-¯p-Ån-I-fm-Wv a-e-\n-c-bnÂ
a-t\m-l-c cq-]-hpw \n-d-hp-ap-Å ]q-¡-fm-bn hn-
SÀ-¶-X-s{X.
]n-¶o-Sv Rm³ \-S-s¶-¯n-b-Xv, a-e-ap-I-fn-se
tÌ-Un-b-¯n-em-Wv. G-X³-kn H-fn-¼n-Iv-sk-
¶-t]m-se sUÂ-^n-bn ss^-än-§v sK-bnw
\-S-¶n-cp-¶ Ø-e-am-Wn-Xv. A-t\-Im-bn-cw t]
À-¡n-cn-¡m-hp-¶ in-em Kym-e-dn-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b
ZoÀ-L-hr-¯m-Ir-Xn-bm \nÀ-an-¨ tÌ-Un-bw.
Xm-gv-hm-c-s¯ Pnw-t\-jy-¯n ]-cn-io-e-\w
t\-Sn-bn-cp-¶-h-cm-Wv \m-ep-hÀ-j-¯n-sem-cn-¡Â
\-S-¶n-cp-¶ ss^-än-Mv sK-bn-an ]-s¦-Sp-¯n-cp-
¶-Xv. b-h-\-ho-c-·m-cp-sS Im-bn-I-_-ew G-sd
I@ B tÌ-Un-bw ]m-Xn-bpw \-in-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p.
Cu a-e-ap-I-fn ]p-cm-X-\-am-b kw-kv-Im-c-¯n-
sâ A-h-in-jv-S-§-fp-s@¶v B-[p-\n-I-tem-Iw
I-s@-¯n-b-Xv 18-þmw \q-äm-@n-em-Wv.
a-e-ap-I-fn ]m-d-bn-Sp-¡p-IÄ-¡n-S-bn-eq-sS,
H-cn-S-¯v X-Wp-¯ P-ew H-en-¨n-d-§p-¶p-@v.
Rm-\m `m-K-t¯-bv-¡v \-S-s¶-¯n. ssI-¡p-¼n-
54
H-cn-¡Â A-h-s\ A-t¸m-tfm,
I-fn-¡-f-¯n-te-¡p sIm@p-
t]m-bn. Un-kv-¡-kv F-dn-b ]
Tn-¸n-¡p-¶-Xn-\n-S-bnÂ, A-t¸m-
tfm-bp-sS I-¿nÂ-\n-¶pw A-Xp
sX-dn-¨p-t]m-bn cm-P-Ip-am-c-sâ
X-e-bn ho-Wp. X-e-tbm-Sv
s]m-«n-¨n-X-dn cm-P-Ip-am-c³ a-c-W-
a-S-ªp. A-h-sâ tZ-l-¯p-\n-
¶pw sX-dn-¨p-ho-W tNm-c-¯p-Ån-
I-fm-Wv a-e-\n-c-bn a-t\m-l-c
cq-]-hpw \n-d-hp-ap-Å ]q-¡-fm-bn
hn-SÀ-¶-X-s{X.
]n-¶o-Sv Rm³ \-S-s¶-¯n-b-Xv,
a-e-ap-I-fn-se tÌ-Un-b-¯n-em-Wv.
G-X³-kn H-fn-¼n-Iv-sk-¶-
t]m-se sUÂ-^n-bn ss^-än-§v
sK-bnw \-S-¶n-cp-¶ Ø-e-am-Wn-
Xv. A-t\-Im-bn-cw t]À-¡n-cn-¡m-
hp-¶ in-em Kym-e-dn-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b
ZoÀ-L-hr-¯m-Ir-Xn-bm \nÀ-an-¨
tÌ-Un-bw.
14 \hw_À 2020
fn AÂ-¸w P-e-sa-Sp-¯v Rm³ ap-Jw I-gp-
Ip-I-bpw Ip-Sn-¡p-I-bpw sN-bv-Xp. k-©m-cn-I-
fn-e-[n-I-t]-cpw Cu \o-cp-d-h-bnÂ-\n-¶pw Zm-lw
XoÀ-¡p-¶p-@v. a-e-ap-I-fn k-µÀ-i-I-cm-bn
A-t¸mÄ A-[n-Iw t]À D@m-bn-cp-¶n-Ã.
\o-e ta-em-¸-Wn-ª a-e-\n-c-I-fpw sh-Ån-
\qÂ-t]m-se \o@p-t]m-Ip-¶ A-cp-hn-I-fp-
sam-s¡ C-hn-sS-\n-¶m Im-Wmw.
a-e-ap-I-fnÂ-\n-¶v a-S-¡-bm-{X Xp-S-§n. F-\n
-¡p ap-¼n H-c-¸-\pw A-½-bpw c@p a-¡-fp-a-
S-§p-¶ Ip-Spw-_w c-k-I-c-am-bn F-t´m kw-
km-cn-¨p-sIm@p \-S-¶p \o-§p-¶p. F-Ãm-h-cpw
k-t´m-j-`m-h-¯n-em-Wv.
]u-cm-Wn-I-X-bp-sS A-h-in-jv-S-§Ä-¡n-S-bn-
eq-sS Rm³ ayq-kn-b-¯n-te-¡p \-S-¶p. I-Ãp-]
sUÂ^n- ayq-knb¯nse
IpXn-c h-
­ n-¡mc³ (in-ev]w)
14 \hw_À 2020
a-e-ap-I-fn ]m-d-bn-Sp-¡p-IÄ-¡n-
S-bn-eq-sS, H-cn-S-¯v X-Wp-¯ P-ew
H-en-¨n-d-§p-¶p-@v. Rm-\m `m-K-
t¯-bv-¡v \-S-s¶-¯n. ssI-¡p-¼n-
fn AÂ-¸w P-e-sa-Sp-¯v Rm³
ap-Jw I-gp-Ip-I-bpw Ip-Sn-¡p-I-bpw
sN-bv-Xp. k-©m-cn-I-fn-e-[n-I-t]-
cpw Cu \o-cp-d-h-bnÂ-\n-¶pw Zm-lw
XoÀ-¡p-¶p-@v. a-e-ap-I-fn k-µÀ-
i-I-cm-bn A-t¸mÄ A-[n-Iw t]
À D@m-bn-cp-¶n-Ã. \o-e ta-em-¸-
Wn-ª a-e-\n-c-I-fpw sh-Ån-
\qÂ-t]m-se \o@p-t]m-Ip-¶ A-cp-
hn-I-fp-sam-s¡ C-hn-sS-\n-¶m Im-
Wmw. a-e-ap-I-fnÂ-\n-¶v a-S-¡-bm-{X
Xp-S-§n. F-\n-¡p ap-¼n H-c-¸-
\pw A-½-bpw c@p a-¡-fp-a-S-
§p-¶ Ip-Spw-_w c-k-I-c-am-bn
F-t´m kw-km-cn-¨p-sIm@p \-S-
¶p \o-§p-¶p. F-Ãm-h-cpw k-t´m-
j-`m-h-¯n-em-Wv.
55
m-In kp-µ-c-am-¡n-b ]m-X. A-Xp sN-s¶-¯p-¶-
Xv, B-[p-\n-I-am-bn \nÀ-an-¨ ayq-kn-b-¯n-sâ
\o@ C-S-\m-gn-bn-te-¡m-Wv. ayq-kn-b-¯nÂ
]p-cm-h-kv-Xp-¡Ä F-¯n-s¡m-@n-cn-¡p-¶-tX-
bp-Åq. ]m-Xn X-IÀ-¶ G-Xm-\pw inÂ-¸-§-fpw
a-äpw A-hn-sS I@p. inÂ-¸-§Ä G-sX-Ãm-am-
sW-¶v ssK-Uv hn-h-cn-¡p-¶p-@m-bn-cp-¶p.
c@p ssI-I-fpw \-jv-S-s¸-« H-cp bp-hm-hn-sâ
\-Kv-\ {]-Xn-a A-hn-sS I@p. B³-Uv-\q-kv
(ANDNOOS) F-¶ H-cp tbm-²m-hm-W-t{X-bn-Xv.
_n.-kn. B-dmw \q-äm-@n sh-Ån-¯-In-Sp-
sIm@v \nÀ-an-s¨m-cp-¡n-b H-cp Im-f-bp-sS inÂ-
¸-am-Wv ]n-¶o-Sp I@-Xv. sh-Ån-¯-In-SnÂ
]-e-`m-K-hpw s]m-Sn-ªp Xp-S-§n-bn-«p-@v. _n.-kn.
5þmw i-X-I-¯n C-Xp X-IÀ-¡-s¸-Sp-I-bm-bn-
cp-¶p-sh-¶pw kq-N-\-bp-@v.
{]-kn-²-am-b, Ip-Xn-c-h-@n-¡m-c³ F-¶ inÂ-
¸-am-Wv a-säm-¶v. C-Xpw C-t¸mÄ `m-Kn-I-am-bn
X-IÀ-¶ \n-e-bn-em-Wv. Cu inÂ-¸-s¯-¸-än
Rm³ ap-¼v hm-bn-¨-dn-ªn-«p-ap-@v. A-t¶
C-sXm-s¡ Im-Wm³ H-cn-¡Â {Ko-kn h-c-W-
sa-¶v B-{K-ln-¨n-«p-ap-@v. A-¶-s¯ F-sâ
Po-hn-X km-l-N-cy-§Ä hn-e-bn-cp-¯p-t¼mÄ,
H-cp hn-tZ-i-bm-{X-t]m-epw A-km-[y-am-bn-cp-¶p.
]n-s¶ F-§-s\-tbm Po-hn-X-¯n-sâ H-cp `m-K-
am-bn tem-I-k-©m-cw am-dn-b-t¸mÄ, ]-¯-¼-Xp
cm-Py-§Ä F-sâ ImÂ-¡o-gn H-Xp-§p-I-bm-
bn-cp-¶p. A-h-bn-sem-¶m-Wv, N-cn-{Xw D-d-§p-¶
Cu {Ko-kpw.
tem-I-sa-§pw inÂ-¸-I-e-sb-¸-än ]Tn-¡p-¶-
hÀ G-sd {i-²n-¡p-¶ H-cp I-em-kr-jv-Sn-bm-Wv
56
]u-cm-Wn-I-X-bp-sS A-h-in-jv-S-
§Ä-¡n-S-bn-eq-sS Rm³ ayq-kn-
b-¯n-te-¡p \-S-¶p. I-Ãp-]m-In
kp-µ-c-am-¡n-b ]m-X. A-Xp sN-s¶-
¯p-¶-Xv, B-[p-\n-I-am-bn \nÀ-an-¨
ayq-kn-b-¯n-sâ \o@ C-S-\m-gn-bn-
te-¡m-Wv. ayq-kn-b-¯nÂ
]p-cm-h-kv-Xp-¡Ä F-¯n-s¡m-@n-
cn-¡p-¶-tX-bp-Åq. ]m-Xn X-IÀ-
¶ G-Xm-\pw inÂ-¸-§-fpw a-äpw
A-hn-sS I@p. inÂ-¸-§Ä G-sX-
Ãm-am-sW-¶v ssK-Uv hn-h-cn-¡p-¶p-
@m-bn-cp-¶p. c@p ssI-I-fpw \-jv-
S-s¸-« H-cp bp-hm-hn-sâ \-Kv-\ {]-Xn-a
A-hn-sS I@p. B³-Uv-\q-kv (AND-
NOOS) F-¶ H-cp tbm-²m-hm-W-t{X-
bn-Xv. _n.-kn. B-dmw \q-äm-@nÂ
sh-Ån-¯-In-Sp-sIm@v \nÀ-an-s¨m-cp-
¡n-b H-cp Im-f-bp-sS inÂ-¸-am-Wv
]n-¶o-Sp I@-Xv. sh-Ån-¯-In-SnÂ
]-e-`m-K-hpw s]m-Sn-ªp Xp-S-§n-
bn-«p-@v. _n.-kn. 5þmw i-X-I-¯nÂ
C-Xp X-IÀ-¡-s¸-Sp-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p-
sh-¶pw kq-N-\-bp-@v.
14 \hw_À 2020
"Ip-Xn-c-h-@n-¡m-c³'. t{_m¬-kn \nÀ-an-¨-
Xm-Wn-Xv. Iq-«p-tem-l-¯n \nÀ-an-¨n-«p-Å Cu
inÂ-¸-¯n-sâ ]qÀ-®-am-b cq-]-tc-J-bpw C-hn-
sS {]-ZÀ-in-¸n-¨n-«p-@v.
ayq-kn-b-¯nÂ-\n-¶pw ]p-d-¯n-d-§n. G-X³-
kn-te-¡p-Å a-S-¡-bm-{X Xp-S-§p-I-bm-Wv.
a-e-s©-cn-hn-se ]m-X-bn-eq-sS B-Zyw t]m-b-Xv
B-[p-\n-I sUÂ-^n \-K-c-¯n-te-bv-¡m-Wv.
C-Sp-§n-b tdm-Up-I-fpw, A-Xn-\p C-cp-`m-K-¯pw
I-S-I-fpw A-¸mÀ-«v-saâp-I-fp-sa-Ãm-ap-Å sN-dn-
sbm-cp Su-Wm-Wv C-¶-s¯ sUÂ-^n. ]
p-cm-X-\ sUÂ-^n-bp-sS N-cn-{Xm-h-in-jv-S-§Ä
Im-Wm-s\-¯p-¶ k-©m-cn-I-fn-em-Wv Cu \-K-
cw {]-Xo-£-bÀ-¸n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. H-cp \q-äm-@n-
sâ ]-g-¡w am-{X-ta Cu sX-cp-hn-\p-Åq. D-¨
ayq-kn-b-¯n-se B³-Uv-\q-kv {]Xna
14 \hw_À 2020
`-£-W-¯n-\m-bn H-cp tlm-«-en-\p ap-¼n _-Êv
\nÀ-¯n. ]-c-¼-cm-K-X co-Xn-bn-ep-Å a-t\m-l-c-
am-b H-cp tlm-«-em-Wn-Xv. ]-S-hp-I-fn-d-§n Rm³
d-Ì-dâ v lm-fn-te-¡p \-S-¶p. lm-fn-sâ H-cp
`m-K-¯p \n-¶m a-e-I-fpw Xm-gv-hm-c-§-fp-
sam-s¡ Im-Wmw.
]p-d-¯p \-Ã X-Wp-¸m-Wv. ^-bÀ ]v-tf-knÂ
hn-d-Ip I-¯n-¨v tlm-«-en-\-Iw Nq-Sm-¡n-s¡m-
@n-cn-¡p-¶p-@v. F-{X B-[p-\n-I t\-«-§Ä
ssI-h-cn-¨n-«pw, hn-Zyp-Ñ-àn-bpw Kym-kpw a-äv
C-Ô-\-§-fp-sa-Ãmw-sIm@v A-´-co-£w Nq-Sm-
¡m³ I-gn-bp-sa-¦nÂ-t]m-epw, ]m-Ým-Xy-tZ-i-
§-fn-se tlm-«-ep-I-fp-sS tem-_n-bn-epw, a-äv
B-Uw-_-c ho-Sp-I-fp-sS ]q-ap-J-¯pw, C-t¸m-gpw
Cu ^-bÀ-t¹-kp-I-fpw, A-Xn-\p-Ån hn-d-tIm
IÂ-¡-cn-tbm I-¯n-¨p-Å A-´-co-£w Nq-Sm-
¡-epw Im-Wmw. C-¯-cw hn-j-b-¯n-ep-Å H-cp
]u-cm-Wn-I B-Vy-Xzw Cu Nq-Sm-¡Â k-{¼-
Zm-b-§-fn C-¶pw \n-e-\nÂ-¡p-¶p.
{Ko-kn-sâ N-cn-{X-¯n-sâ A-h-in-jv-S-§Ä-
¡n-S-bn-eq-sS-bp-Å k-©m-c-¯n-sâ HmÀ-abp-am-
bn, bm-{X-¡m-sc-Ãmw d-Ì-dân-\p-Ån-se C-fw
Nq-tS-än-cp-¶p. _-Ên h-¶ k-©m-cn-IÄ ap-
gp-h³ C-t¸mÄ Cu lm-fn X-¼-Sn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p.
F-Ãm-hÀ-¡pw th@Xv H-¶p-X-s¶, Cu sIm-
Spw-X-Wp-¸n \n-¶p-Å B-izm-k-I-c-am-b H-cp
kn-á sh-fn-¨w I-®p-Xp-d-¶-
t¸mÄ _-Êv \o-§n-¯p-S-§n.
C-t¸mÄ, ap-¼n-eq-sS Ip-td ss_-
¡p-I-fm-Wv ap-t¶m-«p ]m-ªp-
sIm-@n-cp-¶-Xv. ssh-Ip-t¶-c-
am-bn-cn-¡p-¶p; _-Êv G-X³-kv
\-K-c-¯n-se-¯m-dm-b-t¸mÄ,
bm-{X-sb-¸-än H-cp D-]-kw-lm-c
{]-kw-Kw \-S-¯n, ssK-Uv h-gn-bn-
sem-cn-S-¯v C-d-§n-t¸m-bn. _-Êv
G-X³-kv \-K-c-¯n-se-¯n-bn-cn-
¡p-¶p. C-\n AÂ-¸w, tlm-«-en-
se-¯n-b-Xn-\p ti-j-ap-Å hn-
ti-j-§Ä am-{Xw. A-Xn-\n-hn-sS
{]-k-àn-bn-Ã.
F-sâ bm-{Xm-Po-hn-X-¯n-se G-ä-
hpw lr-Zy-am-b k-µÀ-i-\w Cu
{Ko-kn-eq-sS Rm³ ]qÀ-¯n-bm-
¡p-¶p. C-tXm-sS {Ko-kv bm-{Xm
hn-ti-j-§Ä-¡v C-hn-sS k-am-]-
\-am-hp-I-bm-Wv.
57

tam-N-\w. `-£-Ww F-¯p-¶-Xpw Im-¯v, F-Ãm-
h-cpw sh-Sn-]-d-ªn-cn-¡p-I-bm-Wv, £-a-tbm-sS.
`-£-Ww \n-c-¶p-sIm-@n-cn-¡p-¶p. sam-cn-¨
Nn-¡-\pw {]-tXy-I co-Xn-bn ]m-Iw sN-bv-X
tNm-dp-sam-s¡-bm-Wv hn-`-h-§Ä. B-e-¦m-cn-I-
am-bn ]-d-ªm \m-«n-se ap-´n-b tlm-«-en-se
H-cp Nn-¡³ _n-cn-bm-Wn-¡p k-aw. [m-cm-fw
]-¨-¡-dn-IÄ k-½n-{i-am-bn A-dn-ªp-sh-¨ sh-
Pn-ä-_nÄ km-e-Uv b-tY-jv-Sw F-Ãm ta-i-ta-epw
sh-¨n-«p-@v.
kv-tIm-«v-eânÂ-\n-¶pw h-¶ \m-ep sN-dp-¸-
¡m-sc F-\n-¡p kp-lr-¯p-¡-fm-bn, _-ÊnÂ-
sh-¨p-X-s¶ In-«n-bn-cp-¶p. A-hÀ D-]-Nm-c-]qÀ-hw
F-\n-s¡m-cp _n-bÀ Hm-^À sN-bv-Xp. _n-bÀ
F-¶-Ã, e-l-cn-bp-Å H-¶pw Rm³ sXm-Sp-I-
t]m-ep-an-sÃ-¶-dn-bn-¨-t¸mÄ, A-hÀ, H-cp a-c-a-T-
b-s\ Im-Wpw a-«n F-s¶ t\m-¡n. X-§Ä-¡p
Iq-«p-Iq-Sm³ In-«n-b-Xv, H-cp \nÀ-Kp-W ]-c-{_-Ò-
s¯-bm-W-tÃm F-¶v, ]-cn-lm-k-]qÀ-hw A-hÀ
a-\-Ên Nn-´n-¨n-cn-¡-Ww. B a-«n X-s¶
H-cp hn-Uv-Vn-¨n-cn- ]mkm-¡n, Rm³, hn-f-¼n-
sh-¨ h-en-sbm-cp s]m-cn-¨ tIm-gn-¡-j-W-hp-am-
bn a-Ãn-Sm³ Xp-S-§n. ]m-Ým-Xy-þ aw-tKm-fn-b³
tZ-i-§-fn bm-{X t]m-hp-t¼mÄ, d-Ì-dâp-I-
fnÂ-\n-¶pw Rm³ I-gn-¡p-¶ hn-`-h-§-fnÂ
tIm-gn F-¶ \n-jv-I-f-¦ Po-hn-bp-sS amw-k-¡-
j-W-§Ä am-{X-ta DÄ-s¸-Sp-¯m-dp-Åp. Im-c-
W-sa-´v? hn-izm-k-]-c-am-bn F-\n-¡v sXm-Sp-
hm³-t]m-epw ]m-Sn-Ãm-¯ H-cp ar-K-¯n-sâ
58
]p-d-¯p \-Ã X-Wp-¸m-Wv. ^-bÀ
]v-tf-kn hn-d-Ip I-¯n-¨v tlm-
«-en-\-Iw Nq-Sm-¡n-s¡m-@n-cn-
¡p-¶p-@v. F-{X B-[p-\n-I
t\-«-§Ä ssI-h-cn-¨n-«pw, hn-Zyp-
Ñ-àn-bpw Kym-kpw a-äv C-Ô-\-
§-fp-sa-Ãmw-sIm@v A-´-co-£w
Nq-Sm-¡m³ I-gn-bp-sa-¦nÂ-t]m-epw,
]m-Ým-Xy-tZ-i-§-fn-se tlm-«-ep-I-
fp-sS tem-_n-bn-epw, a-äv B-Uw-_-c
ho-Sp-I-fp-sS ]q-ap-J-¯pw, C-t¸m-
gpw Cu ^-bÀ-t¹-kp-I-fpw, A-Xn-
\p-Ån hn-d-tIm IÂ-¡-cn-tbm
I-¯n-¨p-Å A-´-co-£w Nq-Sm-¡-
epw Im-Wmw. C-¯-cw hn-j-b-¯n-
ep-Å H-cp ]u-cm-Wn-I B-Vy-Xzw
Cu Nq-Sm-¡Â k-{¼-Zm-b-§-fnÂ
C-¶pw \n-e-\nÂ-¡p-¶p.
{Ko-kn-sâ N-cn-{X-¯n-sâ A-h-
in-jv-S-§Ä-¡n-S-bn-eq-sS-bp-Å
k-©m-c-¯n-sâ HmÀ-abp-am-bn, bm-
{X-¡m-sc-Ãmw d-Ì-dâ n-\p-Ån-se
C-fw Nq-tS-än-cp-¶p. _-Ên h-¶
k-©m-cn-IÄ ap-gp-h³ C-t¸mÄ
Cu lm-fn X-¼-Sn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p.
F-Ãm-hÀ-¡pw th@Xv H-¶p-X-s¶,
Cu sIm-Spw-X-Wp-¸n \n-¶p-Å
B-izm-k-I-c-am-b H-cp tam-N-\w.
`-£-Ww F-¯p-¶-Xpw Im-¯v,
F-Ãm-h-cpw sh-Sn-]-d-ªn-cn-¡p-I-
bm-Wv, £-a-tbm-sS.
14 \hw_À 2020

amw-k-¯n-\v, hn-tZ-i-§-fn C-¶p h-en-b
{]n-b-am-Wv, Un-amâpw. hn-tZ-i-¯p am-{X-a-Ã
\m-«n-epw. C-Xp-sIm-@p-Xs¶, Cu Po-hn-bp-sS
amw-k-¡-dn, sN-dn-sbm-cp t_mÀ-Up-sh-¨v, km-
[m-c-W hn-`-h-§Ä-¡v AÂ-¸w am-än-bm-Wv
F-hn-sS-bpw hn-f-¼n-sh-¨p Im-Wm-dv, _p-s^
k-{¼-Zm-b-ap-Å-bn-S-§-fnÂ. \mÂ-h-cn H-cmÄ
tPmÀ-Pn. e@-\n-se H-cp Un-¸mÀ-«v-saâ tÌm-
dn-sâ am-t\-P-cm-W-t±-lw. Iq-sS-bp-Å-Xv A-t±-
l-¯n-sâ kp-lr-¯v am-än-tbm-kv. H-cp sI-an-
¡Â I-¼-\n-bn-se F-©n-\ob-cm-W-t±-lw.
I@m `m-Kn-I-am-bn H-cp \o-t{Km ep-¡p-ap-@v
A-bmÄ-¡v. F-t¸m-gpw H-cp I-Å-¨n-cn B ap-J-
¯v hn-SÀ-¶p \nÂ-¡p-¶p-@m-hpw.
a-äp c@p-t]-sc C-t¸mÄ A-Sp-¯p Im-Wm-
\n-Ã. bm-{X-¡m-scm-s¡ `-£-W-ta-i-bnÂ
]qÀ-®-am-bpw k-aÀ-¸n-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡-bm-Wv.
`-£-W-¯n-se A-h-km-\ C-\w B-¸n-fm-Wv.
km-bv-¸v A-Xpw I-¯n-sIm@v sN-dp-I-j-W-§-
fm-¡n ap-dn-t¨ A-I-¯m-¡q. \-s½-t¸m-se
I-Sn-¨p ]-dn-¨p Xn-¶p-¶ k-{¼-Zm-bw sh-Å-¡m-
c-\n-Ã. A-XÂ-¸w {]m-Ir-X-am-sW-¶m-W-h-cp-sS
co-Xn. {]m-Ir-X-am-bn A-hÀ-¡p tXm-¶p-sa-¦nÂ-
t¸m-epw, I-gp-In hr-¯n-bm-¡n, I-cp-ap-cm I-Sn-¨v
A-I-¯m-¡p-¶-Xn-ep-Å \-½p-sS-sbm-cp kp-Jw
H-¶p th-sd X-s¶-bm-Wv. A-Xv km-bv-¸n-\p
a-\-Ên-em-hp-I-bp-an-Ã. sXm@p-Å tX-§-h-sc,
km-l-kn-I-am-bn ]-Ãp-sIm@v ap-dn-¨p-am-än,
s]m-Xn-s¨-Sp-¡m³ Z-´-i-àn-bp-Å-hÀ \-ap-¡n-
14 \hw_À 2020
kv-tIm-«v-eâ nÂ-\n-¶pw h-¶
\m-ep sN-dp-¸-¡m-sc F-\n-¡p
kp-lr-¯p-¡-fm-bn, _-ÊnÂ-sh-
¨p-X-s¶ In-«n-bn-cp-¶p. A-hÀ
D-]-Nm-c-]qÀ-hw F-\n-s¡m-cp
_n-bÀ Hm-^À sN-bv-Xp. _n-bÀ
F-¶-Ã, e-l-cn-bp-Å H-¶pw
Rm³ sXm-Sp-I-
t]m-ep-an-sÃ-¶-dn-bn-¨-t¸mÄ,
A-hÀ, H-cp a-c-a-T-b-s\ Im-Wpw
a-«n F-s¶ t\m-¡n. X-§Ä-
¡p Iq-«p-Iq-Sm³ In-«n-b-Xv, H-cp
\nÀ-Kp-W ]-c-{_-Ò-s¯-bm-W-
tÃm F-¶v, ]-cn-lm-k-
]qÀ-hw A-hÀ a-\-Ên Nn-´n-¨n-
cn-¡-Ww. B a-«n X-s¶ H-cp
hn-Uv-Vn-¨n-cn- ]mkm-¡n, Rm³,
hn-f-¼n-sh-¨ h-en-sbm-cp s]m-cn-¨
tIm-gn-¡-j-W-hp-am-bn a-Ãn-Sm³
Xp-S-§n. ]m-Ým-Xy-þ aw-tKm-fn-b³
tZ-i-§-fn bm-{X t]m-hp-
t¼mÄ, d-Ì-dâp-I-fnÂ-\n-¶pw
Rm³ I-gn-¡p-¶ hn-`-h-§-fnÂ
tIm-gn F-¶ \n-jv-I-f-¦ Po-hn-bp-
sS amw-k-¡-j-W-§Ä am-{X-ta
DÄ-s¸-Sp-¯m-dp-Åp.
59

S-bn-ep-s@-¶p-Å-Xp XÂ-¡m-ew c-l-ky-am-bn
h-bv-¡mw. A-Xp-Iq-Sn tI-«m km-bv-¸v \-ap-¡p-
Å-Xv tI-h-ew io-e-a-Ã H-cp {`m-´m-sW-¶p
Iq-Sn ]-d-bm³ a-Sn-¡p-I-bn-Ã.
bm-{X-bn-se sN-dp ku-lr-Z-¯n-sâ Du-jv-a-
f-X \n-e-\nÀ-¯p-hm³, A-t¸mÄ am-{Xw ]-cn-N-
b-s¸-« tPmÀ-Pn X-sâ Cu sa-bn A-{U-sÊ-
\n- ¡ p X- ¶ p. k- © m- c - ¯ n- s e ku- l r- Z w
C-§-s\-bm-Wv. h-f-sc s]-s«-¶m-hpw A-Xp cq-
]-s¸-Sp-I. `-£-W-ti-jw tlm-«-en-sâ tem-_n-
bn-te-¡p \-S-¶p.
]p-cm-X-\ {Ko-¡v \m-K-cn-I-X-bp-sS N-cn-{X-
¯n K-Wy-am-b Øm-\-ap-Å \-K-c-am-Wv sUÂ-
^n. A-Xp-sIm-@p-X-s¶-bm-Wv N-cn-{X Ip-Xp-In-
I-fpw hn-t\m-Zk
- ©
- m-cn-If
- pw hn-ZymÀ-°n-If
- p-am-b
B-bn-c-¡-W-¡n-\m-fp-IÄ Hm-tcm Zn-h-k-hpw
sUÂ-^n k-µÀ-in-¡p-hm-s\-¯p-¶-Xv.
60
`-£-W-¯n-se A-h-km-\ C-\w
B-¸n-fm-Wv. km-bv-¸v A-Xpw
I-¯n-sIm@v sN-dp-I-j-W-§-fm-
¡n ap-dn-t¨ A-I-¯m-¡q. \-s½-
t¸m-se I-Sn-¨p]-dn-¨p Xn-¶p-¶
k-{¼-Zm-bw sh-Å-¡m-c-\n-Ã.
A-XÂ-¸w {]m-Ir-X-am-sW-¶m-W-
h-cp-sS co-Xn. {]m-Ir-X-am-bn A-hÀ-
¡p tXm-¶p-sa-¦nÂ-t¸m-epw,
I-gp-In hr-¯n-bm-¡n, I-cp-ap-cm
I-Sn-¨v A-I-¯m-¡p-¶-Xn-ep-Å
\-½p-sS-sbm-cp kp-Jw H-¶p th-sd
X-s¶-bm-Wv. A-Xv km-bv-¸n-\p
a-\-Ên-em-hp-I-bp-an-Ã. sXm@p-Å
tX-§-h-sc, km-l-kn-I-am-bn ]-Ãp-
sIm@v ap-dn-¨p-am-än,
s]m-Xn-s¨-Sp-¡m³ Z-´-i-àn-bp-
Å-hÀ \-ap-¡n-S-bn-ep-s@-¶p-Å-
Xp XÂ-¡m-ew c-l-ky-am-bn h-bv-
¡mw. A-Xp-Iq-Sn tI-«m km-bv-¸v
\-ap-¡p-Å-Xv tI-h-ew io-e-a-Ã H-cp
{`m-´m-sW-¶p Iq-Sn ]-d-bm³ a-Sn-
¡p-I-bn-Ã.
14 \hw_À 2020
 tlm-«-en-\p ap-¶n \n-¶v k-©m-cn-I-fnÂ
]-e-cpw \-K-c-s¯ Iym-a-d-bn ]-IÀ-¯p-¶-Xp
I@p. C-hn-sS \n-¶p-t\m-¡n-bm sUÂ-^n
\-K-c-¯n-sâ sN-dn-sbm-cp Zr-iyw hy-à-am-bn
e-`n-¡p-I-bpw sN-¿p-¶p-@v. a-e-s©-cp-hn-se
Cu \-K-c-¯n h-en-b Xn-c-¡p-I-fp-an-Ã.
]@v Im-kv-{Sn F-¶-dn-b-s¸-«n-cp-¶ H-cp sN-
dp-{Km-a-am-bn-cp-¶p C-Xv. 1890-þ-I-fn ]p-cm-X-\
sUÂ-^n-bn-se N-cn-{Xm-h-in-jv-S-§Ä kw-c-£n-
X-am-¡n-b-tXm-sS A-Xn-\-Sp-¯p In-S-¶ Im-kv-
{Sn-b sUÂ-^n F-¶p ]p-\À-\m-a-I-c-Ww sN-
¿p-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p. sUÂ-^n-bp-sS B-ßm-hp
tX-Sn-sb-¯p-¶ k-©m-cn-IÄ C-hn-sS \n-tXy-\
h-¶p-t]m-Ip-¶p.
tlm-«-en-\p ap-¶n \n-¶p-sIm@v a-säm-cp
Zn-i-bn-te-¡p Rm-s\-sâ Zr-jv-Sn Xn-cn-¨p. A-hn-
sS I@Xv c-k-I-c-am-b H-cp Im-gv-N-bm-bn-cp-¶p.
Xm-gv-hm-c-§-fn a-e-IÄ-¡v sh-Ån-b-c-ªm-Ww
NmÀ-¯n-sbm-gp-Ip-¶ \-Zn-IÄ. a-säm-cp `m-K-¯v
Cu-Pn-b³ I-S-en-Sp-¡v. a-e-I-fp-sS Xm-gv-`m-K-¯v
im-´ \o-en-a-bmÀ-¶ km-K-cw ]-c-¶p In-S-¡p-
¶p.
]p-cm-X-\ sUÂ-^n-bp-sS BÀ-¡n-tbm-f-Pn-
¡Â ssk-änÂ-\n-¶pw 500 ao-äÀ am-{Xw A-I-
se-bm-Wv Cu sN-dp-]-«-Ww.
R-§-fp-sS _-Êv G-X³-kn-s\ e-£y-am-¡n
]p-d-s¸-«p. a-S-¡-bm-{X-bm-Wv. a-e-s©-cn-hn-se
a-t\m-l-c-am-b {Km-a-§Ä ]n-¶n-«m-Wv bm-{X.
a-²y-`m-K-¯v sh-Å h-c h-c-¨, {Km-ao-W ]m-X-
sb A-\p-kv-a-cn-¸n-¡p-¶ tIm¬-{Io-äv ]m-X.
B-Zy-Im-e-¯v {Ko-kn-sâ a-e-{¼-tZ-i-§-fn-em-Wv
P- \ - h m- k w Iq- S p- X - e m- b n D@m- b n- c p- ¶ - X v .
F-¶m 1960 B-b-t¸m-tg-bv-¡pw {Km-ao-W ta-
J-e-I-fn-epw Cu a-e-{¼-tZ-i-§-fn-epw P-\-km-
{µ-X \-t¶ Ip-d-ªp. C-hn-S-§-fnÂ-\n-¶pw
P-\-§Ä G-X³-kv t]m-ep-Å h³-\-K-c-§-fn-
te-bv-¡v tN-t¡-dm³ Xp-S-§n. A-tXm-sS a-e-
\n-c-I-fn-ep-@m-bn-cp-¶ Ir-jn-bn-S-§Ä, Im-Sp-
I-b-dn \-in-¡p-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p.
cm-hn-se sUÂ-^n-bn-te-¡p h-cpw-h-gn I@
Xm-gv-hm-cw H-cn-¡Â-¡q-Sn I-S-¶p-t]m-bn. tÌ-
Un-b-¯n-sâ A-h-in-jv-S-§Ä H-cp `m-K-¯v.
a-säm-cp `m-K-¯v A-Yo-\m t£-{Xm-h-in-jv-S-
§Ä. A-h-sbm-s¡ ]n-¶n-em-¡n, G-X³-kn-s\
e-£yw-sh-¨v _-Êv Ip-Xn-¨p-sIm-@n-cp-¶p.
Ip-¯-s\-bp-Å a-e-bp-sS-bpw, A-Km-[-am-b
KÀ-¯-§-fp-sS-bpw \-Sp-hn-eq-sS \o@p-\o-§p-¶
]m-X-bn-eq-sS bm-{X sN-¿p-t¼mÄ {Ko-¡v an-
¯p-I-fn Cu Kn-cn-\n-c-IÄ-¡p-Å Øm-\-s¯-
¡p-dn-¨m-Wv Rm³ Nn-´n-¨-Xv. ko-bq-kv tZ-h-sâ
]p-{X-\m-b A-t¸m-tfm P-\n-¨v \m-ep Zn-h-kw
]n-¶n-«-t¸mÄ X-s¶ A-Ûp-X-I-c-am-b \n-e-bnÂ
im-co-cn-I h-fÀ-¨ {]m-]n-¨p-sh-¶m-Wv ]p-cm-W-
I-Y. A-t^m-Ì-kv tZ-h-\nÂ-\n-¶pw kzÀ-W-hn-
Ãpw i-c-§-fpw ssI-h-i-s¸-Sp-¯n, A-t¸m-tfm
tZ-h³ Cu a-e-\n-c-I-fn-te-¡p h-¶p. A-¶n-hn-
Sw ss]-¯³ F-¶ tLm-c-kÀ-¸-¯n-sâ hn-
lm-c-cw-K-am-bn-cp-¶p. ss]-¯-s\ A-t¸m-tfm
sh-Ãp-hn-fn-¨p. No-dn-b-Sp-¯ B `o-I-c-cq-]n-bp-sS
ta A-t¸m-tfm Xp-cp-Xp-cm A-¼p-IÄ hÀ-jn-
¨p. tXm-täm-Sn-b ss]-¯³ X-sâ `m-cy-bm-b
cm-Ún-bp-sam-¯v sUÂ-^n-bp-sS A-Km-[-am-b
KÀ-¯-§-fn H-Xp-§n-¡q-Sn-b-t¸mÄ B `o-I-
c-Po-hn-bp-sS i-ey-sam-gn-ª Cu a-eI- Ä A-t¸m-
tfm X-sâ hm-k-Ø-e-am-bn sX-c-sª-Sp-¡p-I-
bm-bn-cp-¶p. C-Xm-Wv \n-e-hn-ep-Å sF-Xn-lyw.
c-k-I-c-am-b {Ko-¡v ]p-cm-W-I-Y-IÄ HmÀ-¯n-
cn-s¡, _-Êv A-c-tlm-h ]-«-W-¯n-te-¡p
{]-th-in-¨p. sUÂ-^n-bn-te-¡p-Å bm-{Xm-h-gn-
bnÂ, R-§Ä Cu sN-dp-\-K-c-¯n AÂ-¸-
t\-cw hn-{i-an-¨n-cp-¶p.
I-Ãp-sIm@p \nÀ-an-¨ ho-Sp-I-fpw sI-«n-S-§-
fp-ap-Å sN-dp-\-K-cw. sUÂ-^n-bm-Wv A-c-tlm-
h-bp-sS {]-Xm-]-¯n-\p Im-c-Ww. B ]p-cm-X-\
\-K-cw tX-Sn-t¸m-Ip-¶-h-cp-sS C-S-¯m-h-f-am-Wv
C-¶v A-c-tlm-h.
h-i-§-fn-se a-e-\n-c-IÄ A-§n-§v a-ªv
s]m-Xn-ª \n-e-bn-em-Wv. a-e-IÄ-¡-¸p-d-¯p
\n-¶v sh¬-ta-L i-I-e-§Ä B-Im-i-t¯-¡v
s]m-´n h-cp-¶p-@v.
ho@pw a-e-\n-c-IÄ Xm@n-bp-Å bm-{X. a-e
Xp-c-¶p-@m-¡n-b sN-dp S-W-epw I-S-¶v _-Êv
\o-§n. a-ªp ]p-X-ªv, Np-äpw Nn-X-dn \nÂ-
¡p-¶ Cu a-e-\n-c-I-fn Nn-e-Xn-\p 2400 ao-äÀ
A-Y-hm 7500 A-Sn- D-b-c-ap-@v. {Ko-kn-sâ
Ip-¯-s\-bp-Å a-e-bp-sS-bpw,
A-Km-[-am-b KÀ-¯-§-fp-
sS-bpw \-Sp-hn-eq-sS \o@p-\o-
§p-¶ ]m-X-bn-eq-sS bm-{X sN-
¿p-t¼mÄ {Ko-¡v an-¯p-I-fnÂ
Cu Kn-cn-\n-c-IÄ-¡p-Å Øm-\-
s¯-¡p-dn-¨m-Wv Rm³ Nn-´n-¨-
Xv. ko-bq-kv tZ-h-sâ
]p-{X-\m-b A-t¸m-tfm P-\n-¨v
\m-ep Zn-h-kw ]n-¶n-«-t¸mÄ
X-s¶ A-Ûp-X-I-c-am-b \n-e-
bn im-co-cn-I h-fÀ-¨ {]m-
]n-¨p-sh-¶m-Wv ]p-cm-W-I-Y.
A-t^m-Ì-kv tZ-h-\nÂ-\n-¶pw
kzÀ-W-hn-Ãpw i-c-§-fpw ssI-h-
i-s¸-Sp-¯n, A-t¸m-tfm tZ-h³
Cu a-e-\n-c-I-fn-te-¡p h-¶p.
A-¶n-hn-Sw ss]-¯³ F-¶
tLm-c-kÀ-¸-¯n-sâ hn-lm-c-cw-K-
am-bn-cp-¶p.

14 \hw_À 2020
61
]p-cm-W-¯n-epw N-cn-{X-¯n-epw hÀ-¯-am-\-Im-e
Po-hn-X-¯n-ep-sam-s¡ Cu Kn-cn-\n-c-IÄ-¡p-Å
Øm-\w sN-dp-X-Ã. A-t¸m-tfm tZ-h-\p ]p-d-sa
ssU-\o-jy-kv, ko-bp-kv Xp-S-§n-b tZ-h-·m-cp-
sS-bpw, a-äp Nn-e tZ-hn-am-cp-sS-bpw I-Y-IÄ Cu
a-e-\n-c-bp-am-bn _-Ô-s¸-«v D@v. A-t\-Iw
b-£n-¡-Y-IÄ-¡pw ]-Ým-¯-e-am-Wv, ln-aw
]p-X-¨p-d-§p-¶ Cu ]À-h-X \n-c-IÄ.
tdm-Un-\n-cp-h-i-hp-ap-Å ]pÂ-¯-In-Sn-bn-epw
a-c-¡q-«-§Ä-¡p ap-I-fn-epw a-ªn-sâ sh-fp-¯
B-h-c-Ww Im-Wmw. a-e-I-fpw ]À-h-X-§-fpw
a-ªp-aq-Sn, C-fw-sh-bn-en Xq-sh-Å taÂ-h-kv-
{X-a-Wn-ªv \n-e-sIm-Åp-¶p.
B-Zy-am-bn H-cp bm-{X \-S-¯p-¶ G-sXm-cmÄ-
¡pw Cu tdm-Un-eq-sS-bp-Å k-©m-c-¯n-sâ
{Xn H-¶p th-sd X-s¶-bm-Wv. a-ªp-]p-X-ªp
In-S-¡p-¶ a-e-\n-c-I-fpw a-t\m-l-c-am-b Xm-gv-hm-
c-§-fp-sam-s¡ G-Xp k-©m-cn-¡m-Wv a-d-¡m-
\m-hp-I.
C-t¸mÄ ]m-X-bp-sS ho-Xn AÂ-¸w Ip-d-ªp
62
ho@pw a-e-\n-c-IÄ Xm@n-bp-Å
bm-{X. a-e Xp-c-¶p-@m-¡n-b sN-
dp S-W-epw I-S-¶v _-Êv \o-§n.
a-ªp ]p-X-ªv, Np-äpw Nn-X-dn
\nÂ-¡p-¶ Cu a-e-\n-c-I-fn Nn-e-
Xn-\p 2400 ao-äÀ A-Y-hm 7500 A-Sn-
D-b-c-ap-@v. {Ko-kn-sâ
]p-cm-W-¯n-epw N-cn-{X-¯n-epw
hÀ-¯-am-\-Im-e Po-hn-X-¯n-ep-
sam-s¡ Cu Kn-cn-\n-c-IÄ-¡p-Å
Øm-\w sN-dp-X-Ã. A-t¸m-tfm
tZ-h-\p ]p-d-sa ssU-\o-jy-kv, ko-
bp-kv Xp-S-§n-b tZ-h-·m-cp-sS-bpw,
a-äp Nn-e tZ-hn-am-cp-sS-bpw I-Y-IÄ
Cu a-e-\n-c-bp-am-bn _-Ô-s¸-«v
D@v. A-t\-Iw b-£n-¡-Y-IÄ-
¡pw ]-Ým-¯-e-am-Wv, ln-aw
]p-X-¨p-d-§p-¶ Cu ]À-h-X \n-c-
IÄ. tdm-Un-\n-cp-h-i-hp-ap-Å
]pÂ-¯-In-Sn-bn-epw a-c-¡q-«-§Ä-
¡p ap-I-fn-epw a-ªn-sâ sh-fp-¯
B-h-c-Ww Im-Wmw. a-e-I-fpw ]
À-h-X-§-fpw a-ªp-aq-Sn, C-fw-sh-
bn-en Xq-sh-Å taÂ-h-kv-{X-a-Wn-
ªv \n-e-sIm-Åp-¶p.
14 \hw_À 2020
Im-Wp-¶p. H-cp d-kn-U³-jy G-cn-b-bn-eq-sS-
bm-Wn-t¸mÄ I-S-¶p-t]m-Ip-¶-Xv. bm-{X-bv-¡n-
S-bn sN-dn-b-hn-{i-a-¯n-\m-bn H-cp sX-cp-hnÂ
_-Êv \nÀ-¯n-bn-«p. Nq-Sp Im-¸n-bpw e-Lp-`-£-
W-hp-sam-s¡ e-`n-¡p-¶ H-¶p c@v I-S-IÄ
A-hn-sS-bp-@m-bn-cp-¶p. R-§Ä I-b-dn-b Im-
¸n-¡-S-tbm-Sp tNÀ-¶v, I-c-Iu-i-e-h-kv-Xp-¡Ä
hnÂ-¡p-¶ H-cp tÌm-dp-ap-@v. ]-fp-¦p-am-e-I-fpw
B-`-c-W-§-fpw ssh-\p-sam-s¡ A-hn-sS hnÂ-
¸-\-bv-¡p-@v.
amÀ-_nÄ inÂ-¸-§-fm-Wv A-hn-S-s¯ a-säm-
cp hn-]-W-\ h-kv-Xp. ]n-s¶ [m-cm-fw Nn-{X-§-
fpw. ko-bq-kv tZ-h-sâ sN-dn-sbm-cp amÀ-_nÄ
{]-Xn-a-bpw hnÂ-¸-\-bv-¡v I@p. kp-µ-c-\m-b
H-cp bp-hm-hn-sâ cq-]-am-Wv tZ-h-tâ-Xv. ]-t£,
\-Kv-\-{]-Xn-a-bm-Wv. hm-§n-bm-epw \m-«nÂ
sIm@p-h-¶m k-Zm-Nm-c-t_m-[w ]-d-ªv
]-e-cpw I-em-inÂ-¸-s¯ Xn-c-kv-I-cn-¨p I-f-bpw.
F-¶n-«pw {Ko-kn-eq-sS-bp-Å bm-{X-bp-sS HmÀ-
G.-Iyq. alvZn
a-bv-¡m-bn Rm-\-hn-sS \n-¶pw sN-dn-sbm-cp
amÀ-_nÄ inÂ-¸w hm-§n. H-cp {Ko-¡v tZ-h-sâ
AÀ-²-Im-b {]-Xn-a. A-Xn-\m \-Kv-\-X-bp-sS
sX-fn-hv sh-fn-hm-¡-s¸-Sp-I-bn-Ã-tÃm. h-f-sc
`w-Kn-bm-bn A-X-hÀ ]m-bv-¡p sN-bv-Xp X-¶p.
ho@pw bm-{X. G-X³-kv A-Sp-¡m-dm-bn-cn-¡p- {Ko-kn-eq-sS-bp-Å bm-{X-bp-
¶p. ssl-th-bv-¡v ap-I-fn-ep-d-¸n-¨, ]-¨ \n-d- sS HmÀ-a-bv-¡m-bn Rm-\-hn-sS
ap-Å h-gn-t_mÀ-Un G-X³-kn-te-bv-¡p-Å \n-¶pw sN-dn-sbm-cp amÀ-_nÄ
Ir-Xy-am-b Zq-cw I@p. tdm-Uv bm-{X cm-Py-sa-
¼m-Sp-ap-Å a-e-IÄ {Ko-kn-se K-Xm-K-X-s¯ inÂ-¸w hm-§n. H-cp {Ko-¡v tZ-h-
Zp-jv-I-c-am-¡p-¶p-sh-¶-Xm-Wv s]m-Xp-th-bp-Å sâ AÀ-²-Im-b {]-Xn-a.
A-`n-{]m-bw. a-e Xp-c-¶p ]m-X-IÄ \nÀ-an-¡p- A-Xn-\m \-Kv-\-X-bp-sS sX-fn-
¶-Xv {]-bm-k-I-c-am-b-Xn-\mÂ, Xm-gv-hm-c-s¯ hv sh-fn-hm-¡-s¸-Sp-I-bn-Ã-tÃm.
k-a-X-e-§-fn-eq-sS Np-än-h-f-¨m-Wv {]-[m-\ tdm- h-f-sc `w-Kn-bm-bn A-X-hÀ
Up-I-sfm-s¡ \nÀ-an-¨n-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. C-Xp-aq-ew ]m-bv-¡p sN-bv-Xp X-¶p. ho
h-f-sc A-Sp-¯p-Å {]-tZ-i-§Ä t]m-epw Np- @pw bm-{X. G-X³-kv A-Sp-¡m-
än-h-f-ªp-Å ZoÀ-L-am-b tdm-Up-IÄ sIm@m-
Wv _-Ôn-¸n-¡p-¶-Xv.
dm-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. ssl-th-bv-¡v
tdm-Un-\n-cp-`m-K-hpw Su¬-jn-¸p-I-fpw sN- ap-I-fn-ep-d-¸n-¨, ]-¨ \n-d-ap-Å
dn-b ^m-Iv-S-dn-I-fpw ^mw lu-kp-I-fp-sam-s¡ h-gn-t_mÀ-Un G-X³-kn-te-bv-
Im-Wp-¶p. ap-¶n-eq-sS a-ª SmÀ-¸m-fn³ ¡p-Å Ir-Xy-am-b Zq-cw I@p.
sIm@p aq-Sn-s¡-«n-b H-cp Iq-ä³ {S-¡v ]m-ªp- tdm-Uv bm-{X cm-Py-sa-¼m-Sp-ap-Å
\o-§p-¶p@v. a-e-IÄ {Ko-kn-se K-Xm-K-X-s¯
tdm-Un-\n-cp-h-i-hpw ]qÀ-Wam-bpw a-ªp-aq- Zp-jv-I-c-am-¡p-¶p-sh-¶-Xm-Wv
Sn-¡n-S-¡p-I-bm-Wv. a-ªn-sâ Xq-sh¬-a-b-Ãm- s]m-Xp-th-bp-Å A-`n-{]m-bw.
sX a-t®m sN-Sn-tbm ]p-tÃm H-¶pw ]p-d-¯p
Im-Wm-\n-Ã. ]pÂ-s¨-Sn-I-sfm-s¡ [-h-fn-a-
bmÀ-¶ a-ªn ]p-X-ªp t]m-bn-cn-¡p-¶p.
H-cp {Sm-^n-Iv t]m-bnân ss{U-hÀ h@n
\nÀ-¯n. B C-S-th-f-bn A-bmÄ X-e sN-cn-
¨v SqÀ-ssK-Un-t\m-Sv F-t´m hn-ti-jw ]-d-bp- G-X³-kv \-K-c-¯n-se-¯n-bn-cn-¡p-¶p.
¶-Xpw I@p. C-\n AÂ-¸w, tlm-«-en-se-¯n-b-Xn-\p ti-
kn-á sh-fn-¨w I-®p-Xp-d-¶-t¸mÄ _-Êv j-ap-Å hn-ti-j-§Ä am-{Xw. A-Xn-\n-hn-sS
\o-§n-¯p-S-§n. C-t¸mÄ, ap-¼n-eq-sS Ip-td {]-k-àn-bn-Ã.
ss_- ¡ p- I - f m- W v ap- t ¶m- « p ]m- ª p- s Im- F-sâ bm-{Xm-Po-hn-X-¯n-se G-ä-hpw lr-Zy-
@n-cp-¶-Xv. ssh-Ip-t¶-c-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶p; _-Êv am-b k-µÀ-i-\w Cu {Ko-kn-eq-sS Rm³ ]qÀ-
G-X³-kv \-K-c-¯n-se-¯m-dm-b-t¸mÄ, bm-{X- ¯n-bm-¡p-¶p. C-tXm-sS {Ko-kv bm-{Xm hn-ti-
sb-¸-än H-cp D-]-kw-lm-c {]-kw-Kw \-S-¯n, j-§Ä-¡v C-hn-sS k-am-]-\-am-hp-I-bm-Wv.
ssK-Uv h-gn-bn-sem-cn-S-¯v C-d-§n-t¸m-bn. _-Êv (Ah-km-\n¨p)

14 \hw_À 2020
63
a[p Xrs¸cp´pd IY
Nn{Xo-I-cWw: apJvXmÀ D-Zcw-s]m-bnÂ
I gnª \hw_dn tKm
]nZmknsâ AXnYnbmbn
jmÀPbnse A_pjKmcbnÂ
HcpZnhkw Xmakn¨ncp¶p.
BÀ¡pw Akqb tXm¶p¶
PohnXambncp¶p tKm]nbptSXv, Hcp aÄ«n
\mjWÂ sIan¡Â
I¼\nbpsS P\d amt\PÀ. hmÀjnI
i¼fw ]¯pe£w ZnÀlw, GXm@v c
@ptImSn C´y³ cq]. `mcy, ]©m_nse
ep[nbm\bn \n¶pÅ jn^m\n {_mÀ.
tKm]nZmknepw ]Xn\©v hÀjsa¦nepw
{]mb¡pdhv ImWpw. GIaI³ l\m³,
Pbn³ CâÀ \mj\ k-vIqfnÂ
Fgmw¢mkn ]Tn¡p¶p.
AÂ _plmd tImÀWnjn\v kao]w
AXnk¼¶À Xmakn¡p¶ CS¯mWv
tKm]nZmknsâ aqhmbnc¯n Adp\qdv
NXpc{i ASn A¸mÀSvsaâ v.
Hcp sNdpInS {]km[Isâ kvt]m
¬kÀjn¸n jmÀP _p¡v- - s^Ìn\v
]s¦Sp¡m³ h¶ Xmbncp¶p Rm³.
B sNdnb apdnbn Xncnbm\pw ]ncnbm\pw
IgnbmsX izmkwap«n R§Ä aq¶pt]
cp@v, {]km[I\pw Rm\pw sjaodpw.
sjaoÀ ae¸pd¯p \n¶mWv. AÂ Jm\nse
Hcp s_m«oIn X¿Â]Wn sN¿p¶p.
Fgp¯pImtcmSv kvt\lmZc§Ä
64
]peÀ¯p¶ \sÃmcp hmb\¡mc³.
aS§nhchnsâ Xte¶v Ahtijn¨ 50
ZnÀlw sIm@v s]«n\ndbv¡m³ Rm³
^pSv]m¯nte ¡nd§n. shÅnbmgvNIfnÂ
am{Xw Hm^dpÅ Hcp kp¸À amÀ¡äns\¸än
sjaoÀ ]dªn cp¶p. t{SUv skâdn\v
ap¶nse s]Skv{Snb³ t{ImknwKv s]mbâ v
apdn¨pIS¶m heXp `mK¯mbn
ImWp¶ amfnemWv sjaoÀ ]dª Cu
kp¸À amÀ¡äv.
Aeo\s¡mcp IpªpSp¸v hm§n, Iq--sS
HcpIhÀ tNmt¢äpw Ipd¨v C´¸ghpw.
Rm³ ]pds¸Sp¶Xnsâ Xte¶v, _pÀPv
Jeo^bpsS kqNnap\bn hewImÂ
Nhp«n\n¶v CcpssIIfpw hnSÀ¯n
A´co£¯neqsS Hcp ]£nsbt]mse ]
d¡m\mbp¶ s]¬ Ip«nbpsS ]Sw Aeo\
hc¨ncp¶p. AhfpsS kt´mj¯n\v B
Aw_c Npw_nbpsS sNdnsbmcp tamUÂ
IqSn FSp¯p. sjdn\v k½m\n¡m³ Hcp
t]gvkn\v hne tNmZns¨¦nepw s]mÅn.
XncnsI apdnbnse¯n km[§Ä
ASp¡n shbv¡pIbmbncp¶p. s]«nbpsS
hensbmcp `mKw Ct¸mgpw Imen. ]mkv
t]mÀ«pw Sn¡äpw Ds@¶v Dd¸phcp¯n.
Xncnbpt¼mÄ HcÛpXw, sjaodnsâ ]n
¶n tKm]nZmkv- - !
sjaodnsâ IÌtagvkv BWv tKm]nbpw
14 \hw_À 2020
14 \hw_À 2020
65
Sn^m\nbpw. s_m«oIn Ft´m hm§m³
h¶ tKm]nsb sjaoÀ Ct§m«v
Iq«ns¡m@phcnIbmbncp¶p.
adp¯p]dbm\pÅ Hchkchpw X¶nÃ.
Ahs\s¶ ]nSn¨phen¨v Imdn\Spt¯¡v
sIm@pt]mbn, tUmÀ Xpd¶v _eambn
Imdnsâ ap³koän ]nSn¨ncp¯n. {]
km[It\mSv Imcyw
kqNn¸nt¨¡msa¶p]dªv sjaoÀ _mKv-
- Imdnsâ ]n³koän sh¨p.
Bdphcn ]mXbneqsS tKm]nZmknsâ
sagvknUkv s_³kv {Sm¡pIÄ amdn amdn
150 Intem aoäÀ thKX sXm«p.
ss{Uhv sN¿p¶Xn\nSbn tKm]n
KÄ^v PohnXs¯¸än ]dªp,
""^pPmdbn Hcp Aepan\nbw I¼\nbnÂ
t^mÀam\mbn XpS§n. ]cn{iaw sIm@v
Cu\nebnse¯n. DbÀ¨ bv¡v
Ipdp¡phgnIÄ CÃ, H¬en lmÀUv hÀ¡v- - .
ko tlm«Â Aäv- - emânkv Z ]manembncp¶p
R§fpsS shUnwKv A\nthgvkdn.
tImSnIÄ s]mSn¨p. thÌtöv tNmZn¡pw.
Hcp \nebnse¯nbm ]ns¶ Xmtg¡v- -
hcm³ IgnbnÃ.''
Imdv ^vssf HmhÀ Ignªv sdtÌmdân\v
ap¶nse ]mÀ¡nwKv Gcnbbn \n¶p.
koäv s_Âäv- - Agn¡p¶Xn\nSbnÂ
66
tKm]n ]dªp, ""]mÀ¡nKv BWv ChnsS
{]iv\w. shÅnbmgvN Znhk§fn t] ]
mÀ¡nwKn t]mepw CSw In«nÃ. Hmtcm
IpSpw_¯n\pap@v A©pw Bdpw Imdv.
Bfmw hoXap@v c@pw aq¶pw. amI-vknaw
Hcp ss^hv Ctbgvkv bqkv sN¿pw. ]ns¶
In«p¶ hnebv¡v sImSp¡pw.''
Imdn \n¶nd§n R§Ä
tdmUn\¸pds¯¯n.
N«nbn \nc¶p\n¶ ]qs¨SnIÄ
¡nSbn Fs¶ tNÀ¯p\nÀ¯n Hcp
skÂ^nsbSp¯v jn^m\nbpsS hmSvkv
B¸nte¡v tKm]n skâ - v- sNbvXp.
""\½psS Zm£mbWn So¨À
Ct¸mgpapt@m?''
""acn¨pt]mbn, \mephÀjw ap³]v.''
Zm£mbWn So¨dnsâ tamÄ ]ßn
\nbpsS Imcyw tKm]n a\:]qÀhw
tNmZn¡mXncp¶Xmhmw. DW§n¡nS¡p¶
s]mäsb hen¨nft¡@¶v Rm\pw IcpXn.
Imen¡«v ]mcKWnsâ NnÃphmXnÂ
c@mbn ]nf˦pamdn.
shbnäÀ Hcp tS_nfnte¡v B\bn¨p.
A`napJambn R§fncp¶p. sa\p t\m¡n
Ah³ Fs´m¡tbm hn`h§Ä HmÀUÀ
sNbvXp.
Rm³ Npäpsam¶p It®mSn¨p, Hmtcm
14 \hw_À 2020

ss{Uhv sN¿p¶Xn\nSbnÂ
tKm]n KÄ^v PohnXs¯¸än ]
dªp, ""^pPmdbn Hcp A
epan\nbw I¼\nbn t^mÀam
\mbn XpS§n. ]cn{iaw sIm@v
Cu\nebnse¯n. DbÀ¨ bv¡v
Ipdp¡phgnIÄ CÃ, H¬en
lmÀUv hÀ¡v- .- ko tlm«Â
Aäv- emâ
- nkv Z ]manembncp¶p
R§fpsS shUnwKv A
\nthgvkdn. tImSnIÄ s]mSn¨p.
thÌtöv tNmZn¡pw. Hcp
\nebnse¯nbm ]ns¶ Xmt-
g¡v- hcm³
- IgnbnÃ.''
14 \hw_À 2020
tS_nen\p Npäpw Ccn¸nS§Ä \ndªpw
Bfp@v. `£Ww Ign¡m\ncn¡p¶hcnÂ
IpSpXepw aebmfnIÄ, Hcp Ad_v
^manenbpap@v.
""CsX\n¡v ]cnNbapÅ Hcp
aebmfnbpsS sdtÌmdâm, s]«¶mbncp¶p
hfÀ¨. Ct¸mÄ A_pZm_nbnepw Zp_m
bnepw APvam\nepw ]pXnbXmbn Hmtcm
sdtÌmdâpIÄ XpS§nbn«p@v. kabw
\¶mbm aXn, FÃmw \¶mhpw.
Asæn sXm«sXms¡ ]ng¡pw. KÄ^v-
- I¬{So kn s]mXpth _nÊn\Êv
UÅmbn hcp¶ kabamWv.
UntamWnässdtkj³ hÃmsX _m[n¨p.
H¶v ]¨]nSn¨p XpS§pt¼mtg¡v s]
t{Smfnsâ hnebnSnªp. sXmgnenÃ,
i¼fhpw Ipdhv. ]ecpw \m«nte¡v
aS§p¶p. henb ]«W§fn t]mepw
^vfmäpIÄ th¡âmbn XpS§n.''
tKm]n tS_nfn \n¶v Snjyp
t]¸sdSp¯v ssI XpS¨p. tlm«enÂ
IbdnbXn\p tijw ap¶mas¯
XhWbmWv Hcp ioew t]mse Snjyp
t]¸À sIm@v ssIXpSbv¡p¶Xv. CS
s¡ms¡ dnÌv hm¨nsâ ¢n]v AS¡pIbpw
Xpd¡pIbpw sNbvXpsIm@ncp¶p. AXpw
asämcp ioew.
samss_en \¼À Ip¯p¶Xn\nSbnÂ
tKm]n tNmZn¨p, \ap¡v sUskÀ«v
k^mcn¡v- - t]mbmtem?
adp]Sn¡v Im¯p\n¡msX Ah³
HtcP³knsb hnfn¨v A{UÊv \ÂIn,
^vfmän\v ap³]nse ]mÀ¡nwKv GcnbbnÂ
F¯nbn«v hnfn¡m³ ]dªp.
HcpZnhkw \o@p\nhÀ¶v ap¶nep@v,
\msf cmhnse H³]XpaWn¡pÅ FbÀ
Atd_y ¡mWv Fsâ aS¡w. tKm]nsb
I@Xv HcpIW¡n `mKyambn. _pÀPv
Jeo^bpw andm¡n KmÀU\pw Zp_mbv
amfpsams¡ ImWWsa¶v
B{Kln¨ncps¶¦nepw. NphSpd¡m¯ {]
km[I\v CXn IpSpX Xm§m\pÅ
tijnbnÃ.
sUskÀ«v k^mcnsb¦n sUskÀ«v
k^mcn. Aeo\tbmSv s]mSn¸pw sXm§epw
sh¨v ]d bm³ IYIÄ thWw.
tS_nÄ \ndsb hn`h§Ä \nc¶p.
tKm]n I¯nbpw apÅpw FSp¯p. Rm³
CSwhew t\m¡msX hmcn¡gn¨p.
cpNnIcamb `£Ww. ]eXpw BZyambv
ImWpIbmbncp¶p. hbdp \ndª kwXr
]vXn Htc¼¡ambv ]pdt¯s¡mgpIn.
tlm«Â `£Ww \mhn\v cpNnXcpw.
hbänse¯nbm aqfm\pw Rc§m\pw
XpS§pw. hmjv t_kn\n ssIIgpInb
tijw Nphcnte¡v tKm]n ssIbpbÀ¯n.
t_mI-vkn \n¶pw shfnbnte¡v apc@v
NmSnb Snjypt]¸À IodnsbSp¯v
67
ssIXpS¨p. kzn¨n«t¸mÄ {]hln¨ NqSp
hmbphn hncepIÄ DW¡n.
aS§pt¼mÄ {Xnam\mIrXnbnepÅ
sI«nS¯n\p t\sc Ah³ hnc Nq@n.
AhnsSbmWv akmPv ]mÀeÀ. ]qÀ® \
Kv\cmbv \nc¶v \n¡p¶ djy³
kpµcnIfn Bsc thWsa¦nepw
sXcsªSp¡mw. F\ns¡mcp Øncw
IÌadp@v, \oe¡®pIfpw kzÀ®
apSnbpapÅ sbte\ \Xmj.
]Xn\©p an\n«v bm{Xs¡mSphn ImÀ
^vfmän\v ap¶nse ]mÀ¡nwKn \n¶p.
skIyqcnän ImhepÅ {^@v tKäneqsS
DÅn IS¶p. en^vän Ibdn
As©s¶gpXnb _«Wn tKm]n {]
kv- - sNbvXp. tImdntUmdneqsS \S¡pt¼mÄ
R§Ä¡v ap¶nse sseäv {]Imin¡p
Ibpw ]n¶nteXv AWbpIbpw sNbvXp.
{^@v tUmdn\v ap³]nse¯n. Io ImÀUv
amKvs\änIv doUdn\v t\sc DbÀ¯n.
Xpd¶ hmXn eneqsS R§Ä
A¸mÀ«psaân\pÅn Ibdn.
Ft¶mSv Ccn¡m³ ]dªn«v tKm]n
AI¯pt]mbn.
hnimeamb kzoIcW apdn, NphcpIÄ
\ndsb at\mlcamb s]bnânwKpIÄ.
hneIqSnb ]Xp]Xp¯ Ccn¸nS§Ä,
CâocnbÀ at\mlcambn Ae¦cn
¨ncn¡p¶p!
AIs¯ apdnbn \n¶v Sn^m\n
kzoIcWapdnbnte¡v h¶p. icoc
hSnhpIÄ ]pd¯p Im Wmhp¶, XpSIÄ
hsc am{Xw Cd¡apÅ CdpInb Idp¯
hkv{Xw [cn¨ncp¶p. ]mXn ]pd t¯¡v
Xpfp¼n¡nS¡p¶ \ndª amdnSw, Np
@pIÄ sNdn¸gw t]mse Nph¶v, Idp¯
¥mkv sh¨ncp¶p.
""ltem,'' Sn^m\n heXpIcw \o«n.
Rms\Woäp, Nncn¨p, lkvXZm\w
sNbvXp.
""FI-vk-vIyqkv an, Hcp AÀPâ v aoänwKv, ''
Sn^m\n NSpeamb ImÂshbv¸pItfmsS
]pdt¯¡v t]mbn.
{^@v dqan \n¶v F tj¸nsemcp
CS\mgn. CS\mgn¡v Ccphihpw A©v
henb s_Uv dqapIÄ, FÃm s_Uv dqan
\pw Aäm¨vUv _m¯v dqw, NneXn _m¯v
Sºpw. CS\mgn het¯¡v HSnbp¶Xnsâ
CSXp`mK¯v In¨¬. In¨t\mSv tNÀ¶v
tÌmÀ dqw.
A¸mÀ«psaânse kuIcy§Ä
Hmtcm¶mbn ImWn¨pXcpt¼mÄ tKm
]nbpsS `mKy¯n Akqb tXm¶n.
P\n¡ps¶¦n an\naw tKm]nbmbn
s«¦nepw P\n¡Ww. k-vIqÄ A[ym]I³
Fs¶ms¡ ]dªm kmam\yw sXänÃm
sX Pohn¡mw F¶mWv tKm]nbpsS [mcW.
A¬ Gbv-U - Uv k-vIqfnse A[ym]I\mWv
68
F¶pam{Xw Ah\dnbnÃ.
Aeamc hen¨pXpd¶p. sXm«psXm«v
]e \nd¯n t^mdn³ enIzdnsâ
Ip¸nIÄ.
""CãapÅsXSp¡mw.''
Pm¡v Um\nbÂ, jnhmkv dnKÂ,
C¼ocnbÀ »q, kvanÀt\m^v, UmÂaqÀ,
tPmWn hm¡À, tdmb ÌmKv.....
Acnkvt{Sm{Imäv- - ^manenbpsS henb
\ncXs¶.
Aeamc\ndsb e£§Ä hnebpÅ
tIm«pIÄ, tKm]n Hm^okn t]mIpt¼mÄ
am{Xw D]tbmKn¡p¶h. dnÌn InS¡p¶
tdmfI-vkn\v hne c@c e£w ZnÀlw.
hncen \h cXv§Ä ]Xn¨ tamXncw, Hcp
e£w ZnÀlw. B¸nfnsâ sF t^m¬
]Xn\©p an\n«v bm{Xs¡mSphn ImÀ
^vfmän\v ap¶nse ]mÀ¡nwKnÂ
\n¶p. skIyqcnän ImhepÅ {^@v
tKäneqsS DÅn IS¶p. en^vän Ibdn
As©s¶gpXnb _«Wn tKm]n {]kv- -
sNbvXp. tImdntUmdneqsS \S¡pt¼mÄ
R§Ä¡v ap¶nse sseäv {]Imin¡p
Ibpw ]n¶nteXv AWbpIbpw sNbvXp.
{^@v tUmdn\v ap³]nse¯n. Io ImÀUv
amKvs\änIv doUdn\v t\sc DbÀ¯n.
Xpd¶ hmXn eneqsS R§Ä
A¸mÀ«psaâ n\pÅn Ibdn.
]pXnb thÀj\v.....
tPmWn hm¡À »q te_ensâ
Ihnfn XtemSns¡m@v Rm³ tNmZn¨p,
""CXns\´v hne hcpw?''
""847 ZnÀlw.''
Rm\Xns\ C´y³ cq]bnte¡v
I¬thÀ«v sN¿m³ {ian¡p¶Xn\nSbnÂ
tKm]n »q te_Â AS¸pXpd¶v {InÌÂ
¥mÊnte¡v- - ]IÀ¶p. apdnbnse Ipª³
{^nUvP- v- Xpd¶v sFkv Iyq_p IsfSp¯v
¥mknte¡n«p.
R§Ä _m¡Wnbnte¡nd§nbncp¶p.
sI«nS§Ä¡nSbneqsS t\m¡pt¼mÄ AÂ
_plmd tImÀWnjnsâ Hcp NXpcw
ImWmw.
D¨shbnteäv Xnf§p¶ ISÂ Pew,
14 \hw_À 2020
 Bsfmgnªv IS¸mew, an\n«psh¨v
emân§n\mbn Xmgv¶p ]d¡p¶
hnam\§Ä.
sUtkÀ«v k^mcn¡v- - ]n¡v sN¿m³
h¶ ss{UhÀ Xmsgsb¯n, tKm]nbpsS
samss_ente¡v hnfn¡pt¼mÄ Rm³ c@v
kvamfpw Ah³ aq¶v emÀPpw
hngp§nbncp¶p.
\Ã XWp¸p@mIpsa¶p]dªv tKm
]nsbmcp Idp¯ eXÀ Pm¡äv X¶p.
AXn«v BÄ s]m¡apÅ I®mSnbpsS
ap¶n \n¶v apSnNoIn. sXfnª Ij
@nsb apSn\mcpIÄ sIm@v adbv¡m³
]Xnhpt]mse Hcp ]mgv{iaw.
_m¯v dpan aq{Xsamgn¨p\nÂ
¡pt¼mÄ ]gb kn\nabnse \mbIs\
t]mse tkm¸p IpanfIfn ]pX¨v Np
@n knKd«v ss]¸pambn _m¯v SºnÂ

InS¡p¶ Fs¶¯s¶ Rm³ I@p.

ss{UhÀ `hyXtbmsS tUmÀ Xpd¶p.
Ad_v thjw [cn¨ BfmWv ss{UhÀ.
]t£ Ad_v eps¡m¶panÃ. IÌasd
C{¼Êv sN¿m³ GP³knbpsS {iaamhmw
C¯cw thj§Ä¡v ]n¶nÂ.
{][m\ tdmUneqsS AcaWn¡qÀ \o@
bm{Xs¡mSphn A[nIw Xnc¡nÃm¯
asämcp tdmUnte¡v h@nXncnªp. Imdn\
pÅn {Xkn¸n¡p¶ Ad_v kwKoXw.
hnfshSp¸v Ignª C´¸\ tXm«§Ä
Ccp`mK¯pw. Ipd¨pIq--Sn t]mbt¸mÄ
14 \hw_À 2020
69
acp`qanIÄ I@pXpS§n. Zqsc, sN¦Â
\nd¯n sam«bmb ae\ncIÄ, Hcp
]¨¸v- - t]mepanÃm¯ A]mcX.
KÄ^v- - \mSpIfn SmI-vkn ss{Uthgvkv
A[nIhpw sX¡³ Gjybn \n¶pÅ
hcmWv. c@p Znhks¯ Xmak¯n
\nSbn t_m[yamb Imcyw apdn lnµnsb
¦nepw Adnªm ChnsS X«nap«n t]
mImw.
_mIv koän Nmcn¡nS¶ncp¶ tKm]n
HcmßKXw t]mse ]dªp
""\n\t¡mÀabpt@m, Fs¶ sNmdnb³
]cps´¶v hnfn¨Xn\v hncen ajn]pc«n
Zm£mbWn So¨dpsS tamfv hmk´nbpsS
amdn ]nSn¨Xv. hÀjmhkm\w hsc
k-vIqfn \n¶v ]pd¯m¡n. ]¯mw
¢mÊv- - ]co£sbgpXm³ am{Xw
A\phZn¨p.
tKm]nbpsS apJw XpSp¯p.
I¬shÅbnse Rc¼p]Se§fnÂ
Nph¸v cmin ]SÀ¶p. A h³ ]gbsbmcp
lnµn Km\w aqfn.
"_lmtcmw ^qep _Àkmthmw
tacm sal_q_v Bbm tl
tacm sal_q_v Bbm tl'
em³kv {IpbnkÀ Hcp Xmhf¯nÂ
AXnsâ bm{Xbhkm\n¸n¨p.
joäv taªv Xd\nc¸n \n¶v Aev]w
DbÀ¯ns¡«nb XpdÊmb Øe¯v
Ipd¨mfpIÄ Im¯p\n¸p@v. CXmWv
aoäv A]v t]mbnâ -.v- Idp¯hÀ, shfp
¯hÀ, Xhn«p\ndapÅhÀ, aª\n
dapÅhÀ..... temIw Npcp§n Hcp
_nµphn kwKan¡p¶p. kv\mI-vkpw
]m\obhp sams¡ Cu Ad_n
¯mhf¯n In«pw.
Hcp `mK¯v- - Xe§pw hne§pw
t]mfmcokv ss_¡pIfpw IzmUv
ss_¡pIfptSbpw ImX S¸n¡p¶ iÐw.
]kv]cw kwkmcn¨m t]mepw tIÄ¡nÃ.
]pIaªpIWs¡ A´co£w aqSn\n
¡p¶ [qfnIÄ, ASp¯p\n¡p¶hsc
t]mepw hyàambn ImWm³ IgnbnÃ.
shbnäv sN¿m³ ]dªn«v ss{UhÀ
Ft§mt«m t]mbn. tKm]n Fs¶ enIzÀ
tImÀWdnte¡v Iq«n. _m¡Wnbnencp¶v
IpSn¨ c@ps]¤v Fs¶ AXnÀ¯n¡¸pdw
F¯n¨ncp¶p.
tKm]n¡v I¼\n sImSp¡m³ am{Xw
H¸w \n¶p.
tKm]n ho@pw IpSn¨p. Ct¸mÄ Xs¶
Hmhdmsb¶p ]dªt¸mÄ Np@v tIm«n
Cfnª Hcp Nncn, ]ns¶sbmcp
sI«n¸nSp¯w, Hcp½.
]¯pan\n«v, ss{UhÀ C{am³ h¶v
R§sf hml\¯n\Spt¯¡v B\bn¨p.
tKm]n th¨p th¨mWv \S¡p¶Xv. XncnsI
sNÃpt¼mÄ Sn^m\n F´pIcpXpw.?
Imdnte¡v Ibdm³ Iq«m¡mXncp¶
70
tKm]nsb Rm\pw C{am\pw tN˦v
Hcphn[w h@n¡p Ånem¡n.
koäv s_Âäv- - CSm³ ]dªn«v C{am³
em³kv {IqbnkÀ ÌmÀ«v- - sNbvXp.
h@n AXnthKXbn ]mªv
aWÂIq\Ifn Ibdnbnd§n,
Bg§fnte¡pw Dbc§fnte¡papÅ
Uyq¬ _mjv - acp`panbnse {]lcw. h@n
BSnbpeªp, CSbv¡v Ip¯s\ Ib dn,
km³Uv t_mÀUp IWs¡ sX¶nbnd§n.
F\n¡v hÃmsX t]Snbmbn. R§Ä Hmtcm
X hW hmbphn DbÀ¶ps]m§pt¼mgpw
tKm]n BÀ¯phnfn¨p.
R§Ä¡v ap¶nepw ]n¶nepw thsdbpw
t^mt«m jq«n\mbn ss{UhÀ
apÅpI¼n hf¨psI«nb Hcp
H«I^man\v kao]w Imdv \nÀ¯n.
apt¶m \mtem Znhkw ap³
]v am{Xw Cu `panbnte¡v h¶
Hcp Ipªpw AXnsâ A½bp.
amWv {][m\ ImgvN. samss_
en ]IÀ¯m³ acpbm{XnIÀ
Xnc¡v Iq«n. agbnte¡nd§nb
sIm¨pIp«nsb t]mse FÃmw
ad¶v tKm]n AÀamZn¨p. HcpssI
a®v hmcn apIfntes¡dnªp, In-
S¶pcp@p. aW¡q\bn \n¶v
Fs¶ XÅn XmgvNbnte¡n«p.
hml\§fp@v.
t^mt«m jq«n\mbn ss{UhÀ apÅpI¼n
hf¨psI«nb Hcp H«I^man\v kao]w
Imdv \nÀ¯n. apt¶m \mtem Znhkw
ap³]v am{Xw Cu `panbnte¡v h¶ Hcp
Ipªpw AXnsâ A½bp. amWv {][m\
ImgvN. samss_en ]IÀ¯m³
acpbm{XnIÀ Xnc¡v Iq«n.
agbnte¡nd§nb sIm¨pIp«nsb
t]mse FÃmw ad¶v tKm]n AÀamZn¨p.
HcpssI a®v hmcn apIfntes¡dnªp,
InS¶pcp@p. aW¡q\bn \n¶v
Fs¶ XÅn XmgvNbnte¡n«p.
kpcys\m¸w A´anÃm¯
14 \hw_À 2020
14 \hw_À 2020
71
aW¸c¸pw Nph¶pXpSp¯t¸mÄ Ggp
\nd§Ä ]pX¨ IqSm c¯n\v ap³]nÂ
em³kv {IqbnkÀ \n¶p.
IqSmc¯n\v ]pd¯v k^mcn
Ignsª¯nb ImdpIÄ hcnbmbn InS¸p@v.
`wKnbpÅ ¹mÌnIv- - Iyq_pIÄ sIm@v
IqSmcs¯ Npän HccaXnÂ. IqSmchpw
AcaXnepsams¡
kok¬ Ignbpt¼mÄ Cf¡n sIm@p
t]mIm\mhp¶ shdpw XmXvImenI
skä¸pIÄ. shfn¨w Ipdª Hcp tImWnÂ,
_mÀ_nIyp Un¶dn\v I\en Nps«Sp¡m
\mbn I¼nbn ÂtImÀ¯ amwkw ASp¸n\v
apIfn \nc¯nsh¨ncn¡p¶p. H«I¸pd¯p
Ibdn k©cn ¡m³ sNdnsbmcp Iyp ]pd¯.v
^m¡\pambn Hcd_n Npän¯ncnbp¶p.
]¯pZnÀlw sImSp¯m aXn, Ad
_nthjan«v ^m¡s\ ssI¯@nencp¯n
Nn{X§sfSp¡mw.
sh¡w {Un¦vkn\v tijw Hcp
bphXnsb¯n tÌPn\v ap¶nse
Ccn¸nS¯nte¡v R§sf sIm@pt]mbn.
CXn\nSbn tSmbveän t]mIWsa¶p]
dªv tKm]n ap§n. At\zjn¨p sN¶t¸mÄ
aZyw hnf¼p¶nS¯p@v. Ahcpambn
XÀ¡¯nemWv.
s]Kv tdäv BÄtamÌv {Xn_nfmWv {Xn
_nÄ.... _nkn\kv BsWÃmw _nkn\kv...
I®n tNmcbnÃm¯ ]«nIÄ, sjbnw.
tKm]nbn \n¶v hm¡pIÄ hgpXn.
tKm]nsb A\p\bn¸n¨v Hcphn[w
XncnsIsIm@ph¶p. IpSmc¯nse
sseäpIÄ AWªp.^bÀ Um³kpw X\qd
Um³kpw \S¡pt¼mÄ ]et¸mgpw
tÌPnte¡v IpXn¡m\mbn IpXdn. ImfbpsS
aq¡pIbdn F¶t]mse tImfdn\v Rm³
]nSn¨ncp¯n. Ad_v kwKoX¯ns\m¸w
s_Ãn Um³kÀ Acs¡«v Nen¸n¡pt¼mÄ
tKm]n ]gvkn \n¶v Ipd¨p ZnÀlsaSp¯p
tÌPnte¡v ]d¯n. IqsS Um³kv sN¿m³
\À¯In ssI¿m«n hnfn¨Xpw Fsâ
]nSnbn \n¶v IpXdn tÌPnte¡v
HmSn¡bdn.
s_Ãn Um³kÀ Acs¡«v
Nen¸n¡pt¼mÄ tKm]n IpShbÀ Nen¸n¨p.
tKm]n AXncv hnSm³ XpS§nbXpw Hcp
skIyqcnän _eambn koänte¡v sIm
@ncp¯n.
""sam¯w aebmfnIsfbpw ]dbn¸n¡m³.''
ASp¯ncp¶ aebmfn bphmhv- - ISp¸¯nÂ
Fs¶sbm¶v t\m¡n.
IqSmc¯n\pÅnse sseäpIÄ ho@pw
sXfnªp.
CXn\nSbn \ne¯phncn¨ncp¶ Nph¶
ImÀ¸änte¡v tKm]n sNdpXmsbm¶v Ihn«n.
BfpIÄ _mÀ_nIyp Un¶dn\pÅ
Iyqhnte¡v amdm³ XpS§n. _pt^ knÌw,
shPn\pw
t\m¬ shPn\pw thsd thsd Iyq. I\
72
en Nps«Sp¯ amwk¯nsâ KÔw.
tKm]nsb ]pdt¯¡v Hcphn[w
Xm§ns¡m@ph¶p. shfn¨anÃm¯ Hgnª
tImWnte¡v hen¨psIm@pt]mbn.
t_m[¯nsâbpw At_m[¯nsâbpw
CSbn tKm]n apcfpIbpw ap¡pIbpw
sNbvXpsIm@ncp¶p.
Rm³ Xebv¡Â ap«pIp¯nbncp¶p.
F´psN¿Wsa¶v AdnªpIqSm. Fsâ
samss_ ChnsS hÀ¡n§Ã. tKm]nsb
Ccp«n¡nS¯nbn«v t]mbn C{ams\
Xncªmtem? tKm]nbpsS hm¨v, tamXncw,
samss_Â t^m¬...
ImdpIÄ Hmtcm¶mbn s]mbvs¡m
@ncp¶p. XWp¸nsâ I¯nap\bnepw
hnbÀ¸nän, tKm]n¡v Fs´¦nepw
kw`hn¨mÂ.....Xncn¨pt]mIm\mbn C\n
At©m Btdm ImdpIÄ am{Xw.
kok¬ Ignbpt¼mÄ Cf¡n sIm
@pt]mIm\mhp¶ shdpw XmXv
ImenI skä¸pIÄ. shfn¨w Ipdª
Hcp tImWnÂ, _mÀ_nIyp Un¶dn\v
I\en Nps«Sp¡m\mbn I¼nbn
ÂtImÀ¯ amwkw ASp¸n\v apIfnÂ
\nc¯nsh¨ncn¡p¶p. H«I¸pd¯p
Ibdn k©cn ¡m³ sNdnsbmcp
Iyp ]pd¯.v ^m¡\pambn Hcd_n
Npän¯ncnbp¶p.
s]s«¶v tKm]nbpsS samss_Â
iÐn¨p.
""`mbv A]v InXÀ tl?''
Rm³ samss_Â I«psN¿msX Ccp«nÂ
samss_Â shfn¨w hoin.
""tUm@v hdn. sa A`n BhpwKm.''
C{am³ h@nsbSp¯v R§fpsS
ASpt¯¡v h¶p. BdSn s]m¡hpw Dd¨
amwkt]inIfp apÅ ]TmWnbmb C{am³,
tKm]nsb tImcnsbSp¯v Imdnsâ ]n³
koän Nmcn¡nS¯n. XncnsI Ad_n¯m
hf¯n R§sf¯n.
GtXm Znibn \n¶v
Ccp«pIodnsb¯nb Hcp em³kv {IqbnkÀ
Imäv \ndbv¡m³ \nÀ¯n bn«ncp¶
R§fpsS Imdn\v tNÀ¶p\n¶p. AXn
\pÅn Hcp sNdp¸¡mcsâ amdn tNÀ¶v
Sn^m\n!
14 \hw_À 2020
14 \hw_À 2020
73
 Rm³ tKm]nsb Ipep¡n hnfn¨p. IcSptIdnb
hml\¯n \ns¶¶t]mse Nne A]iÐ §Ä
am{Xw ]pd¯p NmSn.
XncnsI ^vfmänse¯nbtijw tKm]nsb dqan
\pÅnte¡v sIm@pt]mIm\pw s_Ín InS
¯m\pw C{am³ klmbn¨p.
tKm]nbpsS hkv{X§fqcn Rm\pe¨n«p. jqkv
Agn¨pamän. Hcp _¡än sNdnb NqSpshÅw
sIm@ph¶v, tKm]nsb Xm§nbncp¯n apJhpw
icoc`mK§fpw XpS¨phr¯nbm¡n. ss\äv-{- UÊv- -
CSphn¨p. Igp¯äw ]pX¸n¨p InS¯n.
jhdn\v Xmsg\n¶v NqSpshůnse Ipfn
Ignªt¸mÄ £oWsams¡ amdn, kncIfnemsI
\thmt·jw ]SÀ¶p.
ASp¡fbn Ibdn {^nUvPv Xpd¶v {_Upw
G¯¸ghpw Ign¨p.
hnbÀ¯ icoc¯n ]mdnhoW aW¯cn
IWs¡ acp`panbnse ImgvN Fs¶ AkzØ
\m¡nbncp¶p. Hchkcw hcpt¼mÄ tKm]ntbmSv
AtX¸än kwkmcn¡m³ Xocpam\n¨p. ]mXncm
{Xnbnepw Dd¡anÃmsX InS¶p. CS\mgnhgn
CSs¡¸tgm tI« ImÂs¸cpamäw ASp¯
Iept¼mÄ IXIv sasà Xpd¶p. Xcn¼pw
t_m[anÃmsX BSnbpeªv Sn^m\n.
]m{X§fpsS Ie¼Â tI«mWv cmhnse
DWÀ¶Xv. tKm]nbpsS skÀhâ v t\¸mÄ kztZin
lcn \mcmbW, HcmgvNs¯ eohn\v \m«n t]m
bn«v C¶se cm{Xn F¯nbtXbpÅp. Abmsf
\ns¡mcp tIm^nbp@m¡n¯¶p.
tKm]n DWÀ¶n«nÃ. ]{´@n\mWv
^vsssfsä¦nepw H³]Xn\v FbÀ t]mÀ«nÂ
dnt¸mÀ«v sN¿Ww. Rm³ thKw Ipfn¨v sdUnbmbn.
tjhv sNbvXpsIm@ncn¡pt¼mÄ lcn
\mcmbW h¶v t{_¡v ^mÌv Ign¡m³ hnfn¨p.
ssU\nwKv tS_nfn tKm]nbp@v. samss_
en sasÊPpIÄ t\m¡ns¡m@v N¸m¯n
Xn¶p¶p.
Ft¶mSv CSbvs¡m¶v tNmZn¨p,""^vssfäv
]{´@n\tÃ?''
""AsX.''
""jmÀP FbÀ t]mÀ«v- - ASp¯mWv.''
R§Ä Cd§pt¼mgpw Sn^m\n DWÀ¶ncp¶nÃ.
FbÀ t]mÀ«v- - sSÀan\en\v ap¶n tKm]n Hcmsf
F\n¡v ]cnNbs¸Sp¯n. sIan¡Â I¼\n
UbdÎÀ anÌÀ lmcn. Sn^m\ns¡m¸w
sUskÀ«n I@ B apJw GXp ]qc¸d¼nepw
Rm³ Xncn¨dnbpw.
aS§m³ t\cw Fsâ tXmfn ssIsh¨psIm@v
tKm]n ]dªp, ""Hm«¯nembncp¶p....
DbÀ¨bnse¯m³ ]eXpw ASnbd shbvt¡@n
h¶p. aSp¯p...... Nnet¸msgms¡ tXm¶pw FÃmw
Cs«dnªv- - GsX¦nepw Kplbn t]mbn X]Êv
sN¿msa¶v.
\o Hcp]mSv _p²nap«nsb¶dnbmw. Hcp\ne
bnse¯nbm ]ns¶ Xmtg¡v- - hcm³ IgnbnÃ.
C¶se Rm\Xv ad¶p, ckIcamb Hcp ad¡Â.''
Ah³ Nncn¡m³ {ian¨p, Ic¨nensâ XmfapÅ
Nncn.

74 14 \hw_À 2020
IhnX

hnae ]n

Hä
F {Xta iq\yw: \nÈÐsa¶pw
Rms\{Xt\cs¯sb¯nsb¶mInepw
Imsem¨bnÃm¯ hmk´tKlta! shbnÂ
]¨bpW¡n \c¨ sh¬ku[ta!
F{X Rmt\sd Xncªp: aSp¯q
sIm¨pImeSn¸mSpIÄ \nXyhpw
F¯nbnÃtÃm Ipªp§Ä ho@pao
]pjv]hmSnbn Xq\nemt¨epambv?
A£c§fmbv hm¡mbdnhnsâ
]pkvXI§fn kz]v-\§Ä ImWphm³
F¯nbnÃtÃm Cu \hhÀj¯nÂ
ap¯pt]mse Nncn¨psIm@mcpta.
I¯p¶ NqSns\ XÅnamän IÅ -
¡À¡nSI¡mdpw s]bvsXmgnªp
F¶n«psa¶n«psa¯nbnÃohgn -
¡®pambv Rm³ am{Xw Im¯p\n¶p.
sI«p]nWsªmcp ]qapà hÅnbnÂ
]p¯s\mcpInfn ]mdp¶p.
sIms¨mcp IqSp Nabv¡bmhmanhnsSm-
¨b\¡hpanÃbtÃm?
C¯ncnt¨ms¶mcp sX¨ntaen¶nXm
I¯n¡cnsª{X ]q¦peIÄ.
sXsÃm¶p hmSn ab§p¶p sN¼Iw
NnÃIÄ \o«n aXnecnInÂ.
h¶nà h¶nà hmk´sa§s\
h¶ptNcmXnhÄ Ipªn¡pcp¶pIÄ
h¶nà h¶nà iЧfmbhc-
t\ym\ysam¶n¨o aµnc¯nÂ.
Häbmbn¯ncp apä¯p Rm\nXm
hÀjtaL§sfIm¯ncnt¡:
hnkvabamImisat¸msg {]mWsâ
ap¯ambv a®n In\nªnd§n.

14 \hw_À 2020
75
 cm-[m-Ir-jv-W³ F-S-t¨cn Ip«n-I-fpsS t\mh Bcw-`n-¡p¶p
Nn{Xo-I-cWw: B-jn³ ap¶p

\o ena Ime-s¯-gp-t¶-äp. ho«n Bscbpw

I@n-Ã. Aѳ A½, G«³, ap¯Èn
Chscms¡ Fhn-sS-t¸mbn? Aѳ
C¶se D@m-¡n-¯¶ Ip«n-¸p-c-bn-te-¡-hÄ \S-¶p.
Infn-¯q-h-ep-IÄ Ah-fpsS IpªpIm-e-Sn-IÄ¡v ]
c-h-Xm\n hncn-¨p. ]e-Xcw kpK-Ô-§Ä Ahsf GtXm
temI-t¯¡v \bn-¨p. Ip«n-¸pc AhÄ¡v Ifn-¡m-\pÅ
CS-am-Wv Gsd \mfs¯ taml-amWv km[y-am-b-Xv.
Ip«n-¸p-cbv¡v Npäpw aª, \o-e, ]¨, Nph¸v shÅ-¡-S-
em-kp-IÄ hÀW§Ä XoÀ¯n«p-@v. Ip«n-¸p-c-bpsS
hmXn AhÄ sasà Xpd-¶p. \o-ena A´n-¨p-t]m-bn.
Bscm-s¡-bmWv \oen-abpsS Ip«n-¸p-cbnse AXn-Yn-
IÄ. Acn-{]m-hp-IÄ, Xq¡-Wmw-Ip-cp-hn-IÄ, ASbv¡m¸-
£n-IÄ, a-ª-¡n-fn-IÄ; F-§-s\-bmWv Ch-scms¡
CXn-\p-Ån C-{X-s]-s«¶v Xma-k-am-¡n-b-Xv. At\Iw
N{X-i-e-`-§Ä Ip«n-¸p-cbv¡v at\m-l-c-amb \nd-ta-In.
Npäp-apÅ sNSn-IÄ ]qhn-«n-cn-¡p-¶p. AXnibw Xs¶!
F{X Xp¼n-I-fmWv ]q¡Ä¡-cn-InÂ. h-cn-h-cn-bmbn
Ip«n¸p-c-bn-te¡v hcp¶p@v Ipª\p--dp¼p-IÄ. Bscm-
s¡-bmWv Zqsc-\n¶pw Ip«n-¸p-c-bn-te¡v ]-d-¶p-h-cp-¶-Xv.
X¯-IÄ, ssa\-IÄ, Ipcp-hn-IÄ, Xn¯n-cn-¸-£n-IÄ.
AhÄ hnkva-b-t¯msS B ImgvN-bn ebn-¨p. F§p-
\nt¶m hnhn[ \nd¯nepÅ _eqWpIÄ AhÄ¡p-ap-
¼n \nc¶p. Ah ]Xps¡ BIm-i-t¯¡v ]d-¶p.
s]m§n-s¸m-§n-t]m-Ip¶ _eq-Wp-IÄ \oen-asb
kvt\l-t¯msS hnfn-¨p. AhÄ _eq-Wp-Isf e£y-
am¡n NmSn. AÛp-X-sas¶ ]d-tb-@q X\n¡v I\w
76 14 \hw_À 2020
14 \hw_À 2020
77
Ipd-bp-¶p. A¸q-¸³XmSn t]mse. F´mWv
kw`-hn-¡m³ t]mIp-¶-sX-¶-hÄ¡v a\-Ên-em-
bn-Ã. Ah-fpsS IpªpssI-IÄ Nnd-Ip-I-
sf-t]mse tXm¶n-¨p. Ipªp-]m-hm-Sbpw
DSp¸pw hnhn[ hÀ®¯nepÅ _eq-Wp-I-fpsS
Nn{X-§Ä sIm@v \nd-ªn-cp-¶p. AhÄ
Ip«n-¸p-c-bnÂ\n¶pw kmh-[m\w Db-cm³
XpS-§n. \oena BIm-i-t¯¡v ]d-¶p.
BtcmSpw A\p-hmZw tNmZn-¡m¯ bm{X.
Ct¸mÄ X\n-¡p--apt¼ ]d¶ _eq-Wp-IÄ
A{]-Xy-£-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. AhÄs¡mcp t]
Snbpw tXm¶n-bn-Ã. Ah-sf¶pw sImXn-tbmsS
Im¯n-cp¶ BIm-i-bm-{X-bpsS BËm-Zhpw
IuXp-Ihpw am{Xw. ]d-h-I-sf-t]mse
]mdn-¸mdn AhÄ taL-§-fpsS ASp-s¯¯n.
taL-¡q-«-§Ä Ipªp-\o-en-a-sb -I@v
BlvfmZw sIm@p. Ah-fpsS an\p¯ s\
än-ta D½-sh-¨p. taL-¡p«·mÀ Im«nb
hgn-I-fn-eqsS AhÄ ho@pw ]d-¶p. At\Iw
Nn{XIhm-S-§Ä ]n¶n«v ]n¶n«v Ah-km\w
Hcp henb, Nn{X-¸-Wn-IÄ- sNbvX Iqä³hm-Xn-
ensâ ap¼n \n¶p.
""Ft§m«m'' Hcp sIm¼³ aoi-¡m-c³.
AbmÄ Ahsf XS-ªpsIm@v H¨ sh¨p.
""sFiz-cy-¯nsâ tZh-X-Isf ImWm³''
AhÄ bmsXmcp Iqk-ep-an-ÃmsX ]d-ªp.
AhÄ¡v kt¦m-Ntam `btam
D@m-bn-cp-¶n-Ã. AsÃ-¦n Xs¶ AhÄ
F´n\p t]Sn-¡-Ww. \oen-a-bpsS ap¯-ѳ
]«mf¡m-c-\m-bn-cp-¶p. ap¯Èn ]d-ªp-sIm-Sp-
¡p¶ IY-I-fn-seÃmw ap¯-Ñsâ [oc-X-I-fm-
bn-cp-¶p.
Hcn-¡Â ap¯-Ñ\pw Nne ]«m-f-¡mcpw
t_m«n bm{X-sN-¿p-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p. I\¯
agbpw Imäpw. Xnc-am-e-IÄ t_m«ns\ Cf-¡n-
s¡m-@n-cp-¶p. ià-amb CSnbpw an¶epw
t_m«ns\ sXm«p-I-S-¶p-t]m-bn. BSn-bp-eª
t_m«v IS-en ad-ªp. ""c£n-¡tW'' F¶
\ne-hn-fn-bp-bÀ¶p. \Sp-¡-S-en ap¯-Ñ\pw
Iq«p-Im-cpw. kn\n-a-bnse \mb-I-s\-t]mse
Xsâ hnim-e-amb Npa-en FÃm-h-scbpw
Ib-än Ic-s¡-¯n-¨p ap¯-ѳ. IS-en-t\mSv
aWn-¡q-dp-I-tfmfw s]mcp-Xn-bmWv ap¯-ѳ
Iq«p-Imsc c£n-¨-Xv. asäm-cn-¡Â Hä-bm³
\m«n-en-d§n Irjn-bn-S-§fpw hnfhpw \
in-¸n-¨p. BÀ¡pw Xf-bv¡m³ ]ämsX Hä-
bm³. P\-§Ä ]cn-{`m-´-cm-bn. Ah-cpsS t]
Sn-kz-]v\-ambn Ccp-«nse Hä-bm³. Hä-bmsâ
sIme-hnfn Hmtcm lrZ-b-an-Sn-¸n-sâbpw thKX
Iq«n. cm{Xn Bcpw ]pd-¯n-d-§m-sX-bm-bn. B
ka-b-¯mWv ap¯-ѳ \m«n-se-¯n-b-Xv.
ap¯-ѳ X\nsb Hä-bmsâ ap¼nÂ
\nhÀ¶p-\n-¶p. Nq@p-hn-c-en sacp-¡n.
sIWn-bnÂ\n-¶v c£-s¸« ]pensb ab-¡p-sh-
Sn-sh¨v sIm@ph¶ ap¯-Ñsâ kml-kn-I-
Xbpw AhÄ tI«n-«p-@v. C§s\ F{X-sb{X
hoc-I-Y-I-fmWv ap¯-Ñ-s\-¸än ]d-ªp-tI-«n-«p-
Å-Xv. Cu IYIÄ F{X-{]m-hiyw Bth-
it¯msS ap¯Èn ]d-ªn-cn-¡p-¶p. At¸mÄ
78
B apJ¯v hncn-bp¶ `mh-§Ä ImtW-@-Xm-
Wv. ssIIÄ Hcp {]tXy-I-co-Xn-bn Db-cp-
Ibpw Xmgp-Ibpw sN¿pw. hm¡p-I-fnÂ
A`n-am\w \nd-bpw. ap¯-Ñs\ \oen-abv¡v
ImWm³ ]än-bn-sÃ-¦nepw Ah-fpsS Ipªp
lrZ-b-¯n At±lw hoc\mbI-\m-bn.
B ap¯-Ñsâ t]c-¡p-«n-bmWv Xm³.
X\n¡v sIm¼³aoish¨ Cu s]m®-¯-Sn-
bs\ t]Sntbm?
""amdn \n¡v'', AhÄ IÂ]n-¨p. Ipªp-I-
®p-I-fnse Xo sIm¼³ao-i-¡m-cs\ H¶p-e-
¨p. AbmÄ hgn-am-dn. AhÄ¡p-ap-¼n B
henb hmXn Hcp Rc-¡-t¯msS Xpd-¶p.
lmbv AhÄ hnkva-bn-¨p. at\m-l-c-amb
Hcn-¡Â ap¯-Ñ\pw Nne ]«m-f-
¡mcpw t_m«n bm{X-sN-¿p-I-bm-bn-
cp-¶p. I\¯ agbpw Imäpw. Xnc-am-e-
IÄ t_m«ns\ Cf-¡n-s¡m-@n-cp-¶p.
ià-amb CSnbpw an¶epw t_m«ns\
sXm«p-I-S-¶p-t]m-bn. BSn-bp-eª
t_m«v IS-en ad-ªp. ""c£n-¡tW''
F¶ \ne-hn-fn-bp-bÀ¶p. \Sp-¡-S-
en ap¯-Ñ\pw Iq«p-Im-cpw. kn\n-a-
bnse \mb-I-s\-t]mse Xsâ hnim-
e-amb Npa-en FÃm-h-scbpw Ib-än
Ic-s¡-¯n-¨p ap¯-ѳ. IS-en-
t\mSv aWn-¡q-dp-I-tfmfw s]mcp-Xn-bm-
Wv ap¯-ѳ Iq«p-Imsc c£n-¨-Xv.
sIm«m-cw. hgn-\osf ]q¡Ä, ]m«p-]mSn
\r¯w sN¿p¶ Xp¼n-IÄ, ]q¼m-ä-IÄ
shÅ-¡p-Xn-cI -- Ä, cY-§Ä....
s]s«¶v Npäpw Bscbpw AXn-i-bn-¸n-
¡p¶ AgIv ]c-¶p. AhÄ AÛp-X-t¯msS
t\m¡n. Iptd amem-J-amÀ AhÄ¡p Npäpw
\nc-¶p. \oen-a-bpsS t\À¯ ssII-fnÂ
Npw_n-¨p. AhÄ¡v hÃm¯
Hc-\p-`q-Xn-bp-@m-bn. AhÄ \oe-P-em-i-b-
¯n s]m§p-X-Sn-bmbn ]Xps¡ \o§n.
XWp¯ Pe-I-Wn-I-IÄ \oen-a-bpsS
Ihn-fnepw tZl-¯pw NnX-dn-¨n-cn-¨p. \nemhv
Ah-fpsS Ipªp-sa-¿n- ]SÀ¶p. amem-J-
am-cpsS DSp-¸p-IÄs¡´p `wKn-bm-Wv.
Xp¼-¸q-¡-fpsS sh×. apÃ-¸q-hnsâ kpK-Ô-
am-bn-cp¶p Npäpw. c@v ]Iepw c@v
14 \hw_À 2020
14 \hw_À 2020
79
80 14 \hw_À 2020
cm{Xnbpw ]n¶n-«-hÀ bm{X- Xp-SÀ¶p.
""C\n-bp-sa-{X-Zq-c-ap@v ''AhÄ BImw-
£tbmsS tNmZn-¨p.
""]{´@v cm{Xnbpw ]{´@v ]I-epw''
amem-J-amÀ ]d-ªp.
""F´p tNmZn-¨mepw tZh-X-amÀ Xcp-tam?''
\oen-a-bpsS IuXp-I-I-c-amb tNmZyw tI«
amem-J-amÀ Nncn-¨p.
""F´pw.''
Ipªp-am-em-J-amÀ \oen-a-bpsS an\p-¯-I-
hn-fp-I-fn D½-sh-¨p.
AhÄ ]d¶p ]d¶v \oe-ta-L-§-fpsS
sNcp-hn Xmgv¶n-d-§n. \oen-asb kt´mjw
]pWÀ¶p. F{X hyXy-kvXhpw kpµ-c-hp-amb
ImgvN-I-fm-Wv. \oem-Im-iw, \oe-¸q-¡Ä,
\oe-i-e-`-§Ä, \oe-¯p-¼n-IÄ, \oe-¡n-fn-
IÄ FÃmw ISÂ\o-e. AhÄ¡v hniz-kn-
¡mt\ Ign-ªn-Ã. Xm³ Gähpw CjvS-s¸-
Sp¶ \ndw. AXnsâ N´-¯n AhÄ
ebn-¨p. Htcm-S¡pgÂ\mZw Fhn-sS-\nt¶m
DbÀ¶p. kwKo-X-¯nsâ Aeu-InI
kuµcyw \oen-asb Xtem-Sn. FÃmw shdpw
tXm¶-emtWm?
AhÄ¡v Zmlw tXm¶n. -Ip-ªp-a-Õy-§Ä
\oenasb AÛp-X-t¯msS t\m¡n.
\oe-¯-SmIw Ahsf {]Xn-_nw-_n-¸n¨p.
ssI¡p-S-¶-bn AhÄ shÅw tImcn-sb-
Sp¯p. ip²-amb Pew. XWp¯ \oe-Pew
sXm@-bn-eqsS Xmgv¶n-d-§n. \Ã Bizmkw
tXm¶n. \oe t{^m¡n« Hcp Ipªp-am-emJ
\oen-a-bpsS Acn-In tNÀ¶p-\n-¶p. aäm-
scbpw I@n-Ã.
""Ah-scms¡ FhnsS t]mbn?'' \oena
tNmZn-¨p.
""C\n Rm\mWv \n\¡v Iq«v, Ah-scms¡
t]mbn, Ip«n¡v ChnSw CjvSmtbm?''
\oena AsX-sb¶v Xe-bm-«n. `qan-bnÂ
BsW-¦n ]q¡fpw Infn-Ifpw ]q¼m-ä-I-fpw
Xp¼n-I-fpw ImWm-sX-bm-bn. Ah-sbÃmw
kvIqÄ _m-Knsâ ]pds¯ Nn{X-§Ä
am{X-am-bn. ap¯Èn ]d-bp¶ IY-I-fn-seÃmw
{]Ir-Xn-ku-µcyw apän \n¶n-cp-¶p. IY ]
d-ª-h-km-\n¸n¡p-t¼mÄ ap¯Èn Xs¶ ]
d-bpw.
FÃmw \½Ä Xs¶ \in-¸n-¨p.
At¸mgm hm¡p-IÄ¡v \ncm-i-bpsS
Omb-bp-@m-bn-cp-¶p. \oena HmÀ¯p. Ifn-
¡m³ t]mepw Bcp-an-Ã. G«³ Ft¸mgpw
t^mWn sKbnw Ifn-¨p-sIm-@ncn¡pw.
]ns¶-bm-cmWv Iq«n-\v. ASp¯ hoSp-I-fnÂ
\n¶pw Hcp Ip«nbpw hcm-dnÃ. IY-I-fnÂtI«
Ifn-IÄ am{Xw.
""kvt\lhpw Zbbpw FÃmw t]mbn.''
ap¯Èn CS-bv¡nsS ]d-bpw.
""ChnSw FÃmw Hcp-t]mse an{X-§Ä
am{Xw. hen-¸-s¨-dp¸an-ÃmsX FÃm-hcpw
Hs¯m-cp-a-tbmsS Pohn-¡p-¶p''. \oe-¡-®pÅ
amemJ ]d-ªp.
\oen-abv¡v AXp-tI-«-t¸mÄ k¦-S-am-bn.
14 \hw_À 2020
Ah-fpsS I®p-IÄ \nd-bm³ XpS-§n. Xsâ
`qan Ft´ C§s\?
""At¿... Ic-bpt¶m?'' Ipªp-am-emJ
\oen-a-bpsS I®p-IÄ XpS¨v tNÀ¯p-\nÀ¯n
tNmZn-¨p.
""\n\s¡´mWv Gähpw CjvSw?''
""IY-tIÄ¡m³, hmbn-¡m³.'' \oen-a-bpsS
I®p-IÄ hnI-kn¨p
""IYIfpw Ihn-X-Ifpw Nn{X-§fpw Ipkr-Xn-
Ifp-a-S-§nb Hcp ]pkvXIw Xc-s«''þ- am-em-J-
bpsS hm¡p-IÄ tI« \oena DÕm-l-t¯msS
XpÅn-¨m-Sn.
""F-¶m I®-S¨v Fsâ hnc-ep-I-fnÂ
sXmt«.'' amemJ ]d-ªp.
\oena I®p-I-f-S¨v \oe-I-®p-I-fpÅ
Ipªp-am-em-J-bpsS ]qt]m-se-bpÅ hnc-ep-I-
AhÄ ]d¶p ]d¶v \oe-ta-L-§-fpsS sNcp-
hn Xmgv¶n-d-§n. \oen-asb kt´mjw
]pWÀ¶p. F{X hyXy-kvXhpw kpµ-c-hp-amb
ImgvN-I-fm-Wv. \oem-Im-iw, \oe-¸q-¡Ä,
\oe-i-e-`-§Ä, \oe-¯p-¼n-IÄ, \oe-¡n-fn-IÄ
FÃmw ISÂ\o-e. AhÄ¡v hniz-kn-¡mt\
Ign-ªn-Ã. Xm³ Gähpw CjvS-s¸-Sp¶ \ndw.
AXnsâ N´-¯n AhÄ ebn-¨p. Htcm-S¡p-
gÂ\mZw Fhn-sS-\nt¶m DbÀ¶p. kwKo-X-
¯nsâ Aeu-InI kuµcyw \oen-asb
Xtem-Sn. FÃmw shdpw tXm¶-emtWm?
fn sXm«p. \oena BÝ-cy-s¸-«p. Ddp¼pw
]q¼m-äbpw ]q¨bpw ap¯-Ènbpw ]pdw-N-«-bp-Å
at\m-l-c-amb IYm-]p-kvX-Iw. AhÄ BÀ¯n-
tbmsS ]pkvXIw ssIbn-se-Sp-¯p.
At¸mÄ A½ Ft¸mgpw ]d-bm-dp-ÅXv
AhÄ HmÀ¯p.
""`£Ww th@, H¶pw th@ Hcp ]pkvX
Iw sImSp-¯m aXn s]®n\v. AX§v
Xn¶p-XoÀ¡pw''.
Aѳ Nncn-¨p-sIm@p ]dbpw
""\Ã-XtÃ! \n\t¡m hmb-\-bnÃ. Ah-sf-
¦nepw hmbn-¡s«''.
AXp tIÄ¡p-t¼mÄ A½ ]nW§n
Fs´m-s¡tbm ]ndp-]n-dp¯v ASp-¡-f-bn-te¡v
t]mIpw. Aѳ Xs¶ t\m¡n ""Np½m'' F¶p
]d-bpw. Ct¸m-gnXm Xsâ a\Êp I@-Xp
t]mse Ipªp amemJ ck-I-c-amb ]pkvXIw
X¶n-cn-¡p-¶p. \oena BImw-£-tbmsS
Nn{X-§-f-S-§nb H¶mas¯ A[ymbw Xpd-¶p.
(Xp-Scpw)
81
Printed and Published by P.K.K Bava for The Muslim Printing and Publishing Co. Ltd., Kozhikode at Chandrika Press, Y.M.C.A. Road, Kozhikode - 673 001.
Editor: C.P. Saidalavi. (Editor Responsible for selection of contents under PRB Act)

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