CHE 611 A Transport Phenomena

Dr Anurag Tripathi

Chemical Engineering

I I T Kanpur

Lecture

Shell Energy Balance

Temp distribution in Laminar

flow

with viscous fleeting

Heat removal from a bearing

EFT

viscous lubricant oil used

in bearings that are rotated

Innerqy
at high speeds

1 stationary Too To

outer

tob
Sincethe gap b w thecylinders aft rotating

issmall compared to the radius

T w

KR
curvature effects can be neglected

L if Rdf
velocity distribution at

Steady slate in plane

H
2
Sheerflow can beobtained

continuity

using momentum balance ears

const e le fluid

Shell energy balance over a shell of thickness Ak

qud area WL gives workdone

by exfforce

whenhe WhenI to to 0

risk 4

Heatgeneration

lim
Dk 0
Extrude o den O Gee

Are

d µ
Using en atte d
O
fat
X
E ut En
Tj qeedjk fjlg.eu
Ge KAI tht using ee en we get
an
ofgigoeu
Since ere G j OE Hb Iikkf.at
Fez le huge vector
along k

Goldin leaf D Ce

k a a
Kofi 2

date Ethan
data ei c.lk
Ted
Etz
di Ca to be obtained from the boundaryconditions

If the temperature at the two Surfaces are maintained

at const leap ToCoty
9 Tb ty b
BCI at E 0 F To To 12
BCI at a b EI To 92 Cib To

CI Toto le lef
b Tkb
giving on simplificationCfor To To

t e
FL Brinkmann
number

If I o

gy FC I
Compare withexpression inthe Book
Consider a lubricant oil 5am shaft rotating at
for a
1200 RPM with both surfaces at Lok

R al
k 0.145 wfuk 9 0.05 217 6 my
le o 37ypa.g

DIE Tma To lefty F G E Ima

I
 using values given above Atma I d 47 C
If we used water instead Atma O Oo d C 1
3
k 0.6 wmk le 10 Pas CTI28c

Thus the change intemp of lubricant oil is significant

hence a more accurate way is to accountfor
the temperature dependent viscosity thermalconductivity
as in assignment problem 10C2

Heat conduction in a slab with heatgeneration

Let the surfaces of the solid slab
be maintained at To dthe To
slab generates heat per unit 9
T se Keatgenergdonge
volumegiven as S 9k To
VO l Z

shell energy bal gives since solid E E

WL Eaton t LADS 0

data s Kott S
ofR2

FEET E E
 Tee To eb ft k
2
Offffre
Ten To eg C z
Rate of heat
generationfool leif E I E
Can be understood by considering the
Rate of work done by the plate on the fluid
a
force if IT
ftp.zwtfo
This will be equal to the 41
rate of energy addition pre
2
to the fluid
Rate of energy additiontoffee'd Fez wtf
volume of fluid b

Inoue
b

need
62
Remarkssj
viscous heating may not be important in many
problems Will beignored in most practical
problems of freeconvection force convection

High viscosityfluids experiencing large velocity

gradients get affected by viscous heating
flow of molten polymers through dye
in high speed extrusion

Even air flow in the boundary layer on the surface

of a rocketHornet during its entry to atmosphere
generates enough viscous heating to cause fire

Perturbation Solution Method

A good approximate soldier whenequscontain a small
parameter e
obtain the solution for E o first
Then add correction terms to account for fact that
E is not zero but small

Replaces original problem by a sequence ofsimpler

ones
To account for temp dependence of le dk
momentum balance each gives

deff
o

Shell energy balance gives U kE ce

j
kddtztrnaoD
koket auc.ua
adnckdanytd
uJ efk o

ddakfdanIJtledazJtUzdqeCledaEz_J

y.lxofgommon.bat
dq tad
Fo
usingthisform
assumes let as 109
Using
e
1
M
40 407
4 Use of thisform
and K7 It hotpot assumes kinase
fide
Gu adnf.ME
0of iE uo siE ooo
can be non dimensionalized using
g Hb a b
 multiply a divide byleoto get
FED
o

h
ia T
o

Gu
dad tee
J o

Let O be dimensionless temperature

Ff F To toto
tie Io

dqg Kd t le hd o
dividing byKoto

C oa t Eo
where

IasH d t ra Br
Dimensionless o
dags
velocity of

Integration gives 9
1 got
using this in dimensionless energy balancecan
off
adJCFoTddfJt_aaBrd

gtJEogiue
dCfkCo1ffJtlfo.Br
dgw
leaf.ae
2
o

w
fa et

tB.ot BE IF Otto't
dd_g t Bre Ita
7 0

Theequation has unknown 0 which depends upon

Br IC along with known did Bi

Let 0 06 Br Oo t Q Br t 13ft
and
of of G Br do to Brt Dft
further since 9 relates todaga 9 using a
series expansion for 9 requires the same for G
 Hence Let G Ca D Cao t G Br t 9213ft

Usingthese 3 equs in

adz Ratko IF t Breiftafetko't 7 0

gives Hgt
gfftfotB.ee JBrddQ
dd JtBrCGotGiBrtGzBEF
gtBfdagOz

1 4,0 207
Termscontaining Br Br2 firstzpower of Br

93 SjCBIFtBraasE
c FI EtoiBiIt
9zjIgo aiBratacos Brt

X 4 otQBrtQBB
1
22 OotQBrt I
tQ2Bft2QQBrt I
Onlyterms for Br collected to get

0
dq Brd RootBoo't D tB raffthoothoo't
 o
dd_g dQzftBiOoIfE97Jt9o2Gt4Ootf.a.to

SinceOo is const we get

ftp.Ootpzoft fddogz 9oft40otkdfD o

Given 00 0 ie 0 will haveterm Containing Bri weset

Confirmedfrom our firstproblem 0 04 Brt 3ft I

dfgdetc.to 19
957721955
constants of integration G e G obtained from

EE's at.IE 3 sT
a
zaoIs
In order togetGo we need to make use of mom bal ah
d 9 GG thot Lott 7

Usingof do 0 Br t Bff

d tBrd t
Bfdoffet GotGc Brt 9213ft D
x 1 40 tho't j
tBrd tBr2d otc BrtGzBr7DUHOHH
g
 Using 0 049 0 Br 0213ft
given
dddgo tB.ir gtBfdddg2 t kiotGBrtGzBft x
ltd
iBrtOzBr2t LtdztQ.Br
tQBr7 12

doggy t Brd tBfd iotGiBrtGzBr7

g Xlt4QBrt40zBr2t
CtxzoiBrt n.D
O O
Br del Go Br
95
Br d 4049 9 Br

Br Adolf 4.402 2292 4 BE

Gz
 Equating zeroth power of Br we get

d0 Go do Go tcs

a
4
Equating Rtpower of Br we get solutions obtained
before
Brd 40
CBr d L O ta

d ta
gaffs

similarly collecting termsfor Bf

93k 91jEeaFtBraasE
IT EtoiBiIt
9j ciasftaaoa.BR

It X OotQBrtQBr
o
daCoo to Br
 qpgggo.gg

o dfftAQtPz0o27BfddQgtfQt2BzOo
dg Q Bf
izjge.e.Brcitaoof.tt
oo7taiG.oiBrtHfo9 o
dqEgzQtBiddg dQqJtI9oGt9o2d.Q

using o fails 5 dog 2954 25

a

o
dfgozztp.dz
io2LS 5 atGo2G
2sDt2Go
IGo2G s4
taix
data P4ofdqfg 5 aftaggt29oent.fi4

dd2g9I BgGoI I 65 657 2404taiga G 5 use Got

d2 S2
z BIG 651 659 24 t

1
02
2 44 6565724 126
 daff 1a S 35 25 2GB
Cz
Cuse
o
Ia Ea S3 SI ELE s

St Ca
G Ca can be obtained using
BCI 0 0 at 3 0 Cd 0
02 0 at 5 1 o pig Itf
tG
en Iz Iz
G 4 the
g
ELE SHIA 45 LE SI
Cutie S
Corresponding velocity distribution is of
d ten
gaffs
9 243131 tests

Bci 19 0 at 5 0
Geo
 at 5 1 0
Bci 91 0
21 1 4 GF 42
9 asCE
Tf
01 35 253 S

of do to Bert

ft
ld S Br.dz

T similaqn0 BrQtBrQ7

BIG 5 t Brott where

02 1 GI SHIA GREECE QI
cetera 5 with cue 4 12

E thefeats 5 fisted Cass Sa

Eas
 g
offshoots gaffes SID
1 G BE 5 BfB 5 25759 5 25425259
2