Sukhaura River Motorable Bridge, Makwanpur Abutment Design IDD, Chitwan

Foundation Stability:
Dead Load Unfactored Live Load
Slab / Cross G 1299.6 Class A 910.22
Barriers 0.0 70 R Wheel 947.50
Girder 872.4 70R Boogie 436.29
Railing 35.0 70 R Track 719.73
Footpath 288.8 Pedestrain 161.57
Surfacing 196.9
Material and Properties:
Grade of concrete= M35 Characteristic strength(fck)= 35 N/mm2
Reinforcement= Fe500 Yield stress of steel(fy)= 500 N/mm2
Unit weight of materials as per IRC : 6-2010:
Concrete (cement-Reinforced) 25.0 kN/m3
Water 10.0 kN/m3
Backfill 20.0 kN/m3
Bridge Geometry
Superstructure geometry
Ht. of Bridge deck 2.40 m
Bearing Ht = 0.5 ( assumed including pedestal)

0.65 Abutment Details:

0.65 Total Ht = 9.275 ( from geo-tech and hydrology )
Wearing course height= 0.075 m
Ht BackW = 2.975 m including wearing course
0.55 0.05 Cap ht = 0.600 m
Stem Ht = 5.700 m
BW Width = 0.300 m
distance from edge to bearing center= 0.650 m
Distance from back wall to bearing center= 0.650 m
Cap Width = 1.600 m
Stem Width = 1.000 m
be ( tappered width ) = 0.750 m
Width of the abutment = 8.40 m
3.75 1.75 2.50 Total Stem base width = 1.75 m
Approach slab depth= 0.375 m
height excl ap. Slab= 8.9 m
1.50 Width of fndn= 9.00 m
8.00 Approach slab length= 3.5 m
Hunch detail b h
Stem hunch 0.30 0.30
Back wall 0.00 0.00 rect
front hunch 0.00 0.00 triangle
Approach slab 0.00 0.00 rect
A1. Calculation of Loads hunch 0.25 0.25 triangle
1. Load from self weight of abutment
Longitudinal Direction Transverse Direction
Self Wt Wt From toe edge Moment From side edge Moment
stem(rect) 1197.00 3.750 4488.75 4.5 5386.5
stem(tria) 448.88 3.000 1346.63 4.5 2019.9
cap 201.60 4.000 806.40 4.5 907.2
Backwall 187.425 4.650 871.53 4.5 843.4
Stem hunch 9.45 4.433 41.90 4.5 42.5
0.00 4.250 0.00 4.5 0.0
Approach slab hunch 6.56 4.500 29.53 4.5 29.5
0.00 4.800 0.00 4.5 0.0
Approach seat hunch 0.00 4.883 0.00 4.5 0.0
2050.9 7584.7 9229.1
Foundation Pad 2700.00 4.000 10800.00 4.5 12150.0

2. Load from superstructure Longitudinal Transverse

DL 2495.8 3.85 9608.79 4.5 11231.055
Surface 196.9 3.850 757.99 4.5 885.96
LL 1109.1 3.850 4269.92 4.5 4990.815
3.Earth pressure
Earth Pressure Ф= 32 degree α= 0 ( Surcharge angl
β= 90 ( Backface angle ) δ= 21.33 ( 2/3 of f )
Ka = 0.275 ɣ= 20.0

Sin 2 (    )
Ka  2
 Sin (   ) Sin (   ) 
Sin 2  Sin (    )1  
 Sin (    ) Sin (   ) 
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Sukhaura River Motorable Bridge, Makwanpur Abutment Design IDD, Chitwan

Earth pressure= 57.21 KN/m2

Total Force = 2677.5 KN acts @ 0.33 ( h) and h= 10.40
EP h = 2494.0 -3.432 -8559.4 KNm
FP v = 974.04 4.25 4139.7 KNm
FP v = 974.04 4.50 4383.2 KNm in transverse direction
Deduction:
Total Force = 2677.46

4.Braking Lane Factor Force

Wt of the 70 R 1000 KN 1 0.2 200.0 KN
Wt. of the class A 554 KN 2 0.2 221.6 KN
Point of application of load= 1.2 m above deck
Braking L = 221.6 KN 11.98 -2653.66 KNm

Braking vertical rxn= -7.6 KN 3.85 -29.2512 KNm

5.Temperature
Temperature variation 30 ˚C
Coeff. Of thermal expansion(α)= 1.20E-05 m/ ˚C / m
Length= 35 m
strain due to shrinkage 2.00E-04
Thermal Elongation = 1.26E-02 m
shrinkage Elongation = 7.00E-03 m
Total elongation due to temp. and shrinkage= 9.80E-03 m
Shear Rating of elastomer bearing = 1000 KN/m/m2
Area of bearing= 0.21 m2
Ht. of bearing= 0.1000
No of bearing = 2
Force= 22.64 KN
Force on each abutment 45.28 KN 8.300 -375.79 KNm

6. LL Surcharge
3
Ka = 0.275 ɣ= 20.0 KN/m
h= 1.200 m Pressure = 6.601

Force = 493.51 KN 5.4 -2658.8 KNm

Vertical Surcharge = 756 KN 6.125 4630.5 KNm

7.Backfill
Ht = 8.90 m Width = 3.75 m Length = 9.00
Weight of Backfill = 6007.5 KN Lever Arm = 6.13 m 36795.9375 KNm

8.Seismic Loads
In Longitudinal Direction:
Zone Factor = 0.36 ImpF = 1.2 Sa/g = 2.5
Response reduction factor = 3 Clause 219.5.5
Ah= 0.18 g

In Transverse Direction:
Zone Factor = 0.36 Imp Factor = 1.2 Response reduction factor = 1 Clause 219.5.5
Z/2/I*Sa/g= 0.54 Sa/g = 2.5
A h= 0.54
*Assumed Seismic domiates wind in Transverse Direction
Horizental Force(KN) Moment (kNm)
A.Abutment Self Load Wt. (kN) Longitudinal Transverse Ht.(m) Longitudinal Transverse
stem(rect) 1197.00 215.46 646.4 4.35 937.3 2811.8
stem(tria) 448.88 80.80 242.4 3.40 274.7 824.1
cap 201.60 36.29 108.9 7.50 272.2 816.5
Backwall 187.43 33.74 101.2 9.29 313.3 940.0
Stem hunch 9.45 1.70 5.1 7.10 12.1 36.2
0.00 0.00 0.0 10.40 0.0 0.0
Approach slab hunch
6.56 1.18 3.5 10.32 12.2 36.6
0.00 0.00 0.0 10.78 0.0 0.0
Back wall front hunch
0.00 0.00 0.0 10.69 0.0 0.0
369.16 1107.49 1821.7 5465.1
Foundation Pad 2700.00 486.00 0 0.75 364.5 0

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Sukhaura River Motorable Bridge, Makwanpur Abutment Design IDD, Chitwan

B. Superstructure DL 2692.7 484.68 1454.0418 9.900 4798.3 14395.01382

C. Superstr. LL ( Veh ) 0 0.00 221.8 9.9 0.0 2196.0

In Long. Dir. Not taken

EP
Sin 2 (      ' )
 k  Ka 
 '  tan  h 
1
 Sin(   ) Sin(   ' ) 
2

1  k v  Cos ' Sin 2  Sin(    ' )1  

 Sin(    ' ) Sin(   ) 

Av= 0.12 and Ah= 0.18 ϑ= 0.2018

β= 90 α= 0
Ф= 32 δ= 21.33
ɣ= 20.0
Ka ( seismic ) 0.480 h= 10.400 m
B= 9.00 m
EP Pressure seismic = 99.92 kN/m2
Ep seismic force = 4676.1 KN EP Normal = 2677.5 KN
Difference = 1998.60 KN 5.200 -10392.72 KNm

A2.Summary of Loads Unfactored

Forces(KN) Horizontal Forces (kN) Resisting Moment(at toe) Overturning Moment at toe
Vertical Longitudinal Transvrse Longitudinal Transverse Longitudinal Transverse
Abutment 2050.9 7584.7 9229.1
Foundation 2700.0 10800.0 12150.0
SS DL 2495.8 9608.8 11231.055
SS Surface 196.9 758.0 885.96
SS LL 1109.1 4269.9 4990.815
EPH 2494.0 -8559.4
EPV 974.0 4139.7 4383.2
LL Surcharge(H) 493.5 -2658.8
LL Surcharge (V) 756.0 4630.5
Braking 221.6 -2653.7
Temperature 45.3 -375.8
Backfill 6007.5 36795.9
Buoyancy -1226.0
Breaking uplift -7.6 -29.2512
Seismic
Seismic DL abt 369.2 1821.7 -1821.7 -5465.1
Seismic foundation 486.0 0 -364.5 0.0
Seismic DLSS 484.7 1454.0418 -4798.3 -14395.0
Seismic LLSS 221.8 -2196.0
Seismic Earth pressure 1998.6 -10392.7
Total 78587.5 -31654.2 -22056.1
15056.6 6592.8 3497.6 78587.5 -31654.2 -22056.1
Load Combination
Basic Seismic
R O R O
Abutment 0.9 1.1 0.9 1.1
Foundation 0.9 1.1 0.9 1.1
SS DL 0.9 1.1 0.9 1.1
SS Surface 1 1.35 1 1.35
SS LL 0 1.5 0 0
EPH 1 1.5 1 1
EPV 1 1.5 1 1
LL Surcharge(H) 0 1.2 0 0
LL Surcharge (V) 0 1.2 0 0
Braking 0 1.15 0 0.2
Temperature 0 0.9 0 0
Backfill 1 1.5 1 1
Buoyancy 1 1 1 1
Breaking uplift 0 1.5 0 0.2
Seismic
Seismic DL abt 0 0 0 1.5
Seismic foundation 0 0 0 1.5
Seismic DLSS 0 0 0 1.5
Seismic LLSS 0 0 0 1.5
Seismic Earth pressure 0 0 0 1.5

Basic combination -Annual Flood

Forces(KN) Horizontal (kN) ResistingMoment (KNm) Overturning Moment (KNm)
Vertical Longitudinal Transvrse Longitudinal Transverse Longitudinal Transverse
Abutment 1845.8 0.0 0.0 6826.25 8306.20 0.0 0.0
Foundation 2430.0 0.0 0.0 9720.00 10935.00 0.0 0.0
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Sukhaura River Motorable Bridge, Makwanpur Abutment Design IDD, Chitwan

SS DL 2246.2 0.0 0.0 8647.91 10107.95 0.0 0.0

SS Surface 196.9 0.0 0.0 757.99 885.96 0.0 0.0
SS LL 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.0 0.0
EPH 0.0 3741.0 0.0 0.00 0.00 -12839.1 0.0
EPV 974.0 0.0 0.0 4139.68 4383.19 0.0 0.0
LL Surcharge(H) 0.0 592.2 0.0 0.00 0.00 -3190.5 0.0
LL Surcharge (V) 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.0 0.0
Braking 0.0 254.8 0.0 0.00 0.00 -3051.7 0.0
Temperature 0.0 40.7 0.0 0.00 0.00 -338.2 0.0
Backfill 6007.5 0.0 0.0 36795.94 0.00 0.0 0.0
Buoyancy -1226.0 0.0 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.0 0.0
Breaking uplift 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.00 0.00 -43.9 0.0
Seismic
Seismic DL abt 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.0 0.0
Seismic foundation 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.0 0.0
Seismic DLSS 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.0 0.0
Seismic LLSS 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.0 0.0
Seismic Earth pressure 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.0 0.0
Total 12474.4 4628.8 0.0 66887.8 34618.3 -19463.4 0.0

Basic combination -Design Flood

Forces(KN) Horizontal (kN) ResistingMoment (KNm) Overturning Moment (KNm)
Vertical Longitudinal Transvrse Longitudinal Transverse Longitudinal Transverse
Abutment 1845.8 0.0 0.0 6826.25 8306.20 0.0 0.0
Foundation 2430.0 0.0 0.0 9720.00 10935.00 0.0 0.0
SS DL 2246.2 0.0 0.0 8647.91 10107.95 0.0 0.0
SS Surface 196.9 0.0 0.0 757.99 885.96 0.0 0.0
SS LL 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.0 0.0
EPH-Submerged 0.0 1815.3 0.0 0.00 0.00 -12485.6
EPV 974.0 0.0 0.0 4139.68 4383.19 0.0 0.0
LL Surcharge(H) 0.0 592.2 0.0 0.00 0.00 -3190.5 0.0
LL Surcharge (V) 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.0 0.0
Braking 0.0 254.8 0.0 0.00 0.00 -3051.7 0.0
Temperature 0.0 40.7 0.0 0.00 0.00 -338.2 0.0
Backfill 6007.5 0.0 0.0 36795.94 0.00 0.0 0.0
Buoyancy -1284.3 0.0 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.0 0.0
Breaking uplift 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.00 0.00 -43.9 0.0
Seismic 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.0 0.0
Seismic DL abt 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.0 0.0
Seismic foundation 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.0 0.0
Seismic DLSS 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.0 0.0
Seismic LLSS 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.0 0.0
Seismic Earth pressure 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.0 0.0
Total 12416.2 2703.1 0.0 66887.8 34618.3 -19109.9 0.0
Seismic combination
Vertical
Horizontal Forces (kN) Resisting Moment (KNm) Overturning Moment (KNm)
Forces(KN)
Longitudinal Longitudinal Transverse Longitudinal Transverse
Abutment 1845.8 0.0 0.0 6826.3 8306.2 0.0 0.0
Foundation 2430.0 0.0 0.0 9720.0 10935.0 0.0 0.0
SS DL 2246.2 0.0 0.0 8647.9 10107.9 0.0 0.0
SS Surface 196.9 0.0 0.0 758.0 886.0 0.0 0.0
SS LL 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
EPH 0.0 2494.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -8559.4 0.0
EPV 974.0 0.0 0.0 4139.7 4383.2 0.0 0.0
LL Surcharge(H) 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
LL Surcharge (V) 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Braking 0.0 44.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 -530.7 0.0
Temperature 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Backfill 6007.5 0.0 0.0 36795.9 0.0 0.0 0.0
Buoyancy -1226.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Breaking uplift 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -5.9 0.0
Seismic 0.0
Seismic DL abt 0.0 553.7 2732.6 0.0 0.0 -2732.6 -8197.7
Seismic foundation 0.0 729.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -546.8 0.0
Seismic DLSS 0.0 727.0 2181.1 0.0 0.0 -7197.5 -21592.5
Seismic LLSS 0.0 0.0
Seismic Earth pressure 0.0 2997.9 332.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 -3293.9
Total 12474.4 7546.0 5246.4 66887.8 34618.3 -19572.82 -33084.17

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Sukhaura River Motorable Bridge, Makwanpur Abutment Design IDD, Chitwan

Basic-Yearly Basic-Design Seismic

Flood Flood
Summary of loads Longitudinal Longitudinal Longitudinal Transverse
Vertical load 12474.43 12416.2 12474.43 12474.43
Horizontal loads 4628.80 2703.1 7545.99 5246.35
Resisting moment 66887.77 66887.8 66887.77 34618.29
Overturning moment -19463.44 -19109.9 -19572.82 -33084.17
Frictional coefficient 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.62
Overturning = 3.44 3.50 3.42 1.05
Sliding = 1.68 2.87 1.03 1.49