THÌ HIỆN TẠI ĐƠN (SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE)

I. Công thức:
1. Với động từ to be:
(+) Thể khẳng định:
I am Adj/N
He, She, it is Adj/N
You, we, they are Adj/N
Eg: I am a student.
She is beautiful.
(-) Thể phủ định
I am not Adj/N
He, She, it is not Adj/N
You, we, they are not Adj/N
Eg: I am not hard-working.
Adj (chăm học)
She is not a teacher.
(?) Thể nghi vấn
Am I Adj/N?
Is He, she, it Adj/N?
Are You, we, they Adj/N?
Eg: Is she kind?
Are they doctors?
2. Với động từ thường:
(+) Thể khẳng định
I, you, we, they V
He, She, It V(s,es)
Eg: I go to school in the morning.
She often gets up at 6 a.m
* Chú ý: Những động từ có tận cùng bằng s, x, o, ch, sh khi đi với chủ ngữ ở số ít thêm es.
Eg: watch => watches, go => goes, dress =>dresses, wash => washes
Riêng tận cùng bằng y là trước y là một nguyên âm ta chỉ thêm s, nếu trước y là 1 nguyên âm ta thêm es
Eg: study => studies, fly => flies
(-) Thể phủ định
I, you, we, they + do + NOT +V
He, She, It + does + NOT +V
Eg: I do not (don’t) like playing football.
My mother does not (doesn’t) work on Sunday.
(?) Thể nghi vấn
Do You, we, they V?
Does He, She, It V?
Eg: Do you have any computers?
Does she enjoy cooking?
3. Với động từ khuyết thiếu
(+) Thể khẳng định: S + can + V
(-) Thể phủ định: S + cannot (can’t) + V
(?) Thể nghi vấn Can + S + V?
II. Cách dùng:
1. Dùng để diễn tả hành động xảy ra thường xuyên lặp đi lặp lại theo thói quen.
Eg: I get up at 6 a.m every morning.
2. Dùng để diễn tả chân lý, sự thật hiển nhiên
Eg: The sun rises in the East. (Mặt trời mọc ở đằng Đông)
3. Diễn tả hành động theo một lịch trình có sẵn
Eg: The train sets up at 3.30 p.m. (Chuyến tàu này khởi hành lúc 3h30)
III. Các trạng từ nhận biết
Always: Luôn luôn Usually: Thường thường Often = frequently: thường xuyên
Sometimes: thỉnh thoảng Occasionally: có dịp Seldom, rarely: hiếm khi
Never: không bao giờ
Each morning
Every afternoon
Sundays
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 Exercise 1. Use the verbs in brackets into the present simple tense (HTĐ)
1. I (be) ________ at school at the weekend.
2.     She (not study) ________ on Friday.
3.     My students (be not) ________ hard working.
4.     He (have) ________ a new haircut today.
5.     I usually (have) ________ breakfast at 7.00.
6.     She (live) ________ in a house?
7.     Where your children (be) ________?
8.     My sister (work) ________ in a bank.
9.     Dog (like) ________ meat.
10.  She (live)________ in Florida.
11. It (rain)________ almost every day in Manchester.
12. We (fly)________ to Spain every summer.
13. My mother (fry)________ eggs for breakfast every morning.
14. The bank (close)________ at four o'clock.
15. John (try)________ hard in class, but I (not think) ________ he'll pass.
16. Jo is so smart that she (pass)________ every exam without even trying.
17. My life (be) so boring. I just (watch)________ TV every night.
18. My best friend (write)________ to me every week.
19.  You (speak) ________ English?
20. She (not live) ________ in HaiPhong city.
21. I often (get)………….…… up at 6.00 a.m.
22. He (wash)………………… clothes every weekend.
23. The sun (rise)………….……… in the East and (set)…………………… in the West.
24. Mary (think)…………….………… her brother (not be)…………………… lazy.
25. How you (go)………………………….… to school everyday ?
THÌ HIỆN TẠI TIẾP DIỄN (PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE)
I. CÔNG THỨC
(+) Thể khẳng định
I am Ving
He, She, it is Ving
You, we, they are Ving
Eg: I am doing homework now.
My mother is cooking at the moment.
(-) Thể phủ định
I am NOT Ving
He, She, it is NOT Ving
You, we, they are NOT Ving
Eg: They are not working.
He is not going fishing.
(?) Thể nghi vấn
Am I Ving?
Is He, she, it Ving?
Are You, we, Ving?
they
Eg: Are you playing the guitar?
Is she singing?
* Chú ý: Những động từ theo nguyên tắc 1:1:1 (1 phụ âm : 1 nguyên âm : 1 phụ âm) phải gấp đôi phụ âm cuối
rồi mới thêm đuôi ING.
Eg: swim => swimming, run => running
II. CÁCH DÙNG:
1. Diễn tả hành động đang xảy ra ngay tại thời điểm nói
Eg: My mother is cooking at the moment.
2. Sau các câu mệnh lệnh
Eg: Be quiet! The baby is sleeping
Look! A bus is coming.
3. Hành động có tính chất tạm thời.
Eg:  I am not working today because i have a bad fever.
Hôm nay tôi không làm việc vì tôi bị sốt cao (Bình thường tôi làm việc, tạm thời hôm nay không làm việc vì bị sốt)
4. Diễn tả hành động xảy ra thường xuyên liên tục làm người khác khó chịu.
Eg: He is always talking in the class.
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III. Dấu hiệu nhận biết
- now, at the moment, at present, in the present, presently, right now.
Exercise 2. Put the verbs in brackets into the present continuous tense (HTTD)
1. Listen! Someone (play)……………………the piano.
2. They (not write)……………………their diary now.
3. She (do)…………….. her homework at the moment ?
4. Where are you (go)……………………now ? - I (go)…………………to the cinema.
5. Look! The boy (run)…………………very fast.
6. John (not read) ________ a book now.
7. What you (do) ________ tonight?
8. Jack and Peter  (work) ________ late today.
9. Silvia  (not listen) ________ to music at the moment.
10. Maria  (sit) ________ next to Paul right now.
11. How many other students  you (study) ________ with today?
12. He always (make) ________ noisy at night.
13. Where your husband (be) ________?
14. She (wear) ________ earrings today.
15. The weather (get) ________ cold this season.
16. My children (be)________ upstairs now. They (play)________ games.
17. Look! The bus (come)________.
18. He always (borrow) ________me money and never (give)________ back.
19. While I (do)________ my housework, my husband (read)________ books.
20. Watch out! You (do) ____________ the wrong way to open this box.
Exercise 3. Present Tense – Simple or progressive
1. They normally (HTĐ) ___________have__________ lunch at two. (have)
3. You ______buy_______ new clothes every Saturday (! (buy)
4. I played football at school but now (HTTD) I _prefer/ like/love/enjoy/hate/dislike__ swimming (prefer)
5. I ___________have__________ no idea what the book is about. Can you tell me what it’s about? (have)
7. My father __________knows everything about cars, but nothing about bicycles. (know)
8. The moon goes round the earth. (go)
11. They ___________are having lunch at the moment. – You shouldn’t disturb them. (have)
12. The watch ______belongs__________ to my grandmother. (belong)
16. Why are you wearing my coat? – Oh, I’m sorry. It _____looks like: trông như là mine! (you wear, look)
18. Hi Jake. – What _are you doing__ at the moment? – I __enjoy___ the sunshine at the beach. (you do, enjoy)
Exercise 4. Choose the correct answer:
1. Sarah (goes/ is going) ——————— to the movies now: HTTD.
2. Sarah often (goes/ is going) ———————to the movies.
3. The handbag (is/ are) ——————— very beautiful and modern.
4. Sara usually (puts/ is puting) —— on black shoes but now she (wears/ is wearing) —— white trainers.
5. And look, she (takes/ is taking) ——————— an umbrella.
6. I ——————— (do/ am doing) my homework at present.
7. Listen to the birds. They (sing/ are singing) ——————— .
8. She ——————— (works/ is working) as a receptionist.
9. He ——————— (stays/ is staying) with his parents at the moment.
10. I always ——————— (get/ am getting) up at 6 o’clock.
11. Look at that one. It (flies/ is flying) ——————— high in the sky.
12. He is busy at the moment. He ——————— (talks/ is taking) to a friend.
13. I’m sorry but I ——————— (am not understanding/ do not understand) what you mean.
14. You ——————— (eat/ are eating) too much fat food.
15. I feel happy because I (have/ am having) ——————— a good time here in these woods.
16. Which TV channel ——————— (are you usually watching/ do you usually watch?
17. What time ——————— (does/ is) the train arrive?
18. How often ——————— (do you go/ are you going) to the movies?
19. What ——————— (do you do/ are you doing) at the moment?
20. I usually ——————— (am getting up/ get up) early on Mondays.