Test: ACTIVE - PASSIVE SENTENCES

Fullname:………………………………………… Time:

SCORE:
Class:………………………………………………

- Câu chủ động (Active sentences): Mr. Smith teaches English.

- Câu bị động (Passive sentences): English is taught by Mr. Smith.

QUY TẮC:
Muốn chuyển một câu chủ động sang câu bị động, ta thực hiện các bước sau:
A: S VActive O

P: S VPassive by + agent

1. Tân ngữ chủ động => Chủ ngữ bị động

Lấy tân ngữ của câu chủ động làm chủ ngữ của câu bị động.
Ex: My father built the house.  The house was built by my father.
- Nếu động từ chủ động có hai tân ngữ thì một trong hai tân ngữ có thể dùng
làm chủ ngữ trong câu bị động.
Ex: I’m writing her a letter.
 She is being written a letter.
 A letter is being written to her.

2. Động từ bị động
 Nếu động từ chủ động ở thì Simple Present hoặc Simple Past thì động từ
trong câu bị động sẽ là:
AM/ IS/ ARE
+ PAST PARTICIPLE
WAS/ WERE
Ex: John delivers the newspapers every morning.
 The newspapers are delivered by John every morning.
Ex: My mother wrote that letter.
 That letter was written by my mother.
 Nếu động từ chủ động ở thì Present Continuous hoặc Past Continuous thì
động từ trong câu bị động sẽ là:
AM/ IS/ ARE
+ BEING + PAST PARTICIPLE
WAS/ WERE
Ex: He is asking me a lot of questions.
 I am being asked a lot of questions.
Ex: She was doing her homework at that time.
 Her homework was being done at that time.

 Nếu động từ chủ động ở thì present perfect hoặc past perfect thì động từ
trong câu bị động sẽ là:
HAVE/ HAS
+ BEEN + PAST PARTICIPLE
HAD
Ex: My mother has made that cake.
 That cake has been made by my mother.
Ex: They had prepared a dinner before we came.
 A dinner had been prepared before we came.

 Nếu động từ chủ động đi kèm với các động từ khiếm khuyết (can, may,
must, will, shall, have to, used to,...) thì động từ trong câu sẽ là:

MODAL VERB + BE + PAST PARTICIPLE

Ex: My friend can answer this question.
 This question can be answered by my friend.
Ex: The manager should sign these contracts today.
 These contracts should be signed by the manager today.

 Nếu động từ chủ động ở thì Simple Future thì động từ trong câu bị động sẽ là:
WILL BE + PAST PARTICIPLE
Ex: I will repaint my room next week.
 My room will be repainted new week.

 Nếu động từ chủ động dùng Be going to V thì động từ trong câu bị động sẽ là:
AM/ IS/ ARE + GOING TO BE + PAST PARTICIPLE
Ex: The local government is going to build a new bridge next month.
  A new bridge is going to be built by the local government next month.

3. Chủ ngữ chủ động => BY + tân ngữ bị động

Ex: My mother made this cake.
 This cake was made by my mother.
- Me, you, him, them, people, someone,... thường được bỏ trong câu bị động
nếu không muốn nêu rõ tác nhân.
Ex: Someone has sent me the flowers.
 I have been sent the flowers.
- Nếu tân ngữ trong câu bị động chỉ sự vật, sự việc (phương tiện thực hiện hành
động chứ không phải tác nhân thực hiện hành động) thì ta dùng giới từ with
thay by trước tân ngữ ấy.
Ex: Smoke filled the room.
The room was filled with smoke.

4. Vị trí của trạng từ hoặc trạng ngữ trong câu bị động.

- Trạng từ/ trạng ngữ chỉ nơi chốn thường đứng trước by + tân ngữ bị động.
Ex: The police found him in the forest.
 He was found in the forest by the police.
- Trạng từ/ trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian thường đứng sau by + tân ngữ bị động.
Ex: My parents are going to buy a car tomorrow.
 A car is going to be bought by my parents tomorrow.
- Trạng từ chỉ thể cách (adverbs of manner) thường đứng giữa be và past
participle (quá khứ phân từ).
Ex: The scientists have studied the problem carefully.
The problem has been carefully studied by the scientists.

■ Một số dạng câu bị động:

1. Thể sai khiến (Causative form): HAVE, GET

Active: S + HAVE + O (person) + V + O (thing)

Passive: S + HAVE + O (thing) + Past Participle (+ by + O (person))
Ex: I had him repair my bicycle yesterday
 I had my bicycle repaired (by him) yesterday.

Active: S + GET + O (person) + to V + O (thing)

Passive: S + GET + O (thing) + Past Participle (+ by + O (person))
 Ex: I get her to make some coffee.
 I get some coffee made (by her).

2. Động từ chỉ giác quan (Verbs of perception): see, watch, hear, look, taste,…

Active: S + verb + O + bare infinitive/ V-ing + ...

Passive: S + be + past participle + to V/ V-ing + ...
Ex: They saw her come in.
 She was seen to come in.
Ex: They saw the lorry running down the hill.
 The lorry was seen running down the hill.

3. Động từ chỉ ý kiến (Verbs of opinion): say, think, believe, report, rumour, …

Active: Subject + verb + (that) + clause (S2 + V2 + O2...)

Passive It + be + verb (past participle) + (that) + clause
: S2 + be + verb (past participle) + to infinitive...
+ to have + past participle

Ex: People say that he is a famous doctor.

 It is said that he is a famous doctor.
 He is said to be a famous doctor.
Ex: They thought that Mary had gone away.
 It was thought that Mary had gone away.
 Mary was thought to have gone away.

4. Câu mệnh lệnh (Imperative sentences)

Active: Verb + object + …

Passive: Let + object + be + past participle + ...
Ex: Write your name here.
 Let your name be written here.

Active: (Subject) + let + sb + do + sth

Passive: Subject + be + let/ allowed + to-infinitive
Ex: He let me go out.
 I was let/ allowed to go out.
 EXERCISES
I. Put the following into the passive voice.
1. They can’t make tea with cold water.
......................................................................................................................................................
2. The chief engineer was instructing all the workers of the plant.
......................................................................................................................................................
3. Somebody has taken some of my books away.
......................................................................................................................................................
4. They will hold the meeting before May Day.
......................................................................................................................................................
5. They have to repair the engine of the car.
......................................................................................................................................................
6. The boys broke the window and took away some pictures.
......................................................................................................................................................
7. People spend a lot of money on advertising every day.
......................................................................................................................................................
8. They may use this room for the classroom.
......................................................................................................................................................
9. The teacher is going to tell a story.
......................................................................................................................................................
10. Mary is cutting the cake with a sharp knife.
......................................................................................................................................................
11. The children looked at the women with a red hat.
......................................................................................................................................................
12. They have provided the victims with food and clothing.
......................................................................................................................................................
13. People speak English in almost every corner of the world.
......................................................................................................................................................
14. You mustn’t use this machine after 5:30 p.m.
......................................................................................................................................................
15. Luckily for me, they didn’t call my name.
......................................................................................................................................................
16. After class, one of the students always erases the chalk board.
......................................................................................................................................................
17. You must clean the wall before you paint it.
 ......................................................................................................................................................
18. They told the new pupil where to sit.
......................................................................................................................................................
19. I knew that they had told him of the meeting.
......................................................................................................................................................
20. Nobody has ever treated me with such kindness.
......................................................................................................................................................
21. No one believes his story.
......................................................................................................................................................
22. A sudden increase in water pressure may break the dam.
......................................................................................................................................................
23. We must take good care of books borrowed from the library.
......................................................................................................................................................
24. A man I know told me about it.
......................................................................................................................................................
25. We can never find him at home for he is always on the move.
......................................................................................................................................................
26. They use milk for making butter and cheese.
......................................................................................................................................................
27. Science and Technology have completely changed human life.
......................................................................................................................................................
28. John used to visit Mr Cole at weekends.
......................................................................................................................................................
29. Weeds cover the river bank.
......................................................................................................................................................
30. Smoke filled the room.
......................................................................................................................................................

II. Turn the following sentences into the active voice.

1. These exercises were done well.
....................................................................................................................................................
2. This dress must be washed in cold water.
....................................................................................................................................................
3. No mistakes have been made in his composition.
....................................................................................................................................................
4. His painting will be exhibited for the first time by New Arts gallery.
....................................................................................................................................................
5. This house was built 100 years ago.
....................................................................................................................................................
6. These artificial flowers are made of silk.
....................................................................................................................................................
7. The lessons are being written by the students now.
....................................................................................................................................................
8. This job has to be done at once.
....................................................................................................................................................
9. These animals at the zoo are fed twice a day.
....................................................................................................................................................
10. The operation is going to be performed by French doctors.
....................................................................................................................................................
11. All the arrangements have been made.
....................................................................................................................................................
12. When was this radio manufactured?
....................................................................................................................................................
13. They couldn’t be found anywhere.
....................................................................................................................................................
14. Is mathematics taught in this school?
....................................................................................................................................................
15. Fortunately the machinery wasn’t damaged by the accident.
....................................................................................................................................................
16. Please wait here while your luggage is being examined.
....................................................................................................................................................
17. How are candles made?
....................................................................................................................................................
18. For a long time the earth was believed to be flat.
....................................................................................................................................................
19. Were you taught how to apply this theory by your teacher?
....................................................................................................................................................
20. Apples are said to be good for our health.
....................................................................................................................................................
21. Don’t let the dog be teased by the children.
....................................................................................................................................................
 22. It is believed that red is the symbol of luck.
....................................................................................................................................................
23. What have been done to help the poor in this city?
....................................................................................................................................................
24. The jewelry must have been stolen while she was out.
....................................................................................................................................................
25. Where did the treasure use to be hidden by pirates in the old time?
....................................................................................................................................................

III. Put the following into the passive voice.

1. Yes - No questions:
1. Do they teach English here?
2. Will you invite her to your wedding party?
3. Did the teacher give some exercises?
4. Is she going to write a poem?
5. Have they changed the window of the laboratory?
6. Is she making big cakes for the party?
7. Has Tom finished the work?
8. Are the police making inquires about the thief?
9. Must we finish the test before ten?
10. Will buses bring the children home?

2. Wh- questions:
11. Why didn’t they help him?
12. How many games has the team played?
13. Where do people speak English?
14. Who are they keeping in the kitchen?
15. How can they open this safe?
16. What books are people reading this year?
17. How did the police find the lost man?
18. Who looked after the children for you?
19. How long have they waited for the doctor?
20. What time can the boys hand in their papers?

3. Sentences with two objects:

21. The teacher gave each of us two exercise books.
 22. Someone will tell him that news.
23. They have sent enough money to these poor boys.
24. They have given the women in most countries in the world the right to vote.
25. They paid me a lot of money to do the job.

4. Sentences with passive form of Opinion-Verbs (2 ways):

26. People believe that 13 is an unlucky number.
 It is
 13 is
27. They rumoured the man was still living.
 It was
 The man was
28. They declared that she won the competition.
 It was
 She was
29. They know that English is an international language.
 It is
 English is
30. People think that Jack London’s life and writings represent the American love
of adventure.


31. They say that John is the brightest student in class.


32. They reported that the President had suffered a heart attack.


33. They think that he has died a natural death.


34. They reported that the troops were coming.


35. People believed that the earth stood still.
 


IV. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
1. Toshico had her car ________ (repair) by a mechanic.
2. Ellen got Marvin ________ (type) her paper.
3. We got our house ________ (paint) last week.
4. Dr. Byrd is having the students ________ (write) a composition.
5. Mark got his transcripts ________ (send) to the university.
6. Maria is having her hair ________ (cut) tomorrow.
7. Will Mr Brown have the porter ________ (carry) his luggage to his car?
8. My sister has had a new dress ________ (make) recently.
9. The Wilsons won’t have a new house ________ (build) on that corner next
month.
10. The President had his advisors ________ (arrange) a press conference.