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  • Skeletal System2

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    Elisha Diente
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    There are several types of irregular bones that have complex shapes and varying amounts of compact and spongy bone. These include vertebrae, facial bones, and bones in the hip. Sesamoid bones develop in tendons under stress and friction, like the knees and hands. They protect tendons from damage and improve mechanical leverage. Sutural bones are small bones located between certain cranial bones.

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    There are several types of irregular bones that have complex shapes and varying amounts of compact and spongy bone. These include vertebrae, facial bones, and bones in the hip. Sesamoid bones develop in tendons under stress and friction, like the knees and hands. They protect tendons from damage and improve mechanical leverage. Sutural bones are small bones located between certain cranial bones.

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    3 views1 page

    Skeletal System2

    Uploaded by

    Elisha Diente
    There are several types of irregular bones that have complex shapes and varying amounts of compact and spongy bone. These include vertebrae, facial bones, and bones in the hip. Sesamoid bones develop in tendons under stress and friction, like the knees and hands. They protect tendons from damage and improve mechanical leverage. Sutural bones are small bones located between certain cranial bones.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 1

    IRREGULAR BONES

    - Have complex shapes


    - Cannot be grouped into any of the previous
    categories
    - Vary in the amount of spongy and compact
    bone present
    - Vertebrae (backbones), hip bones, certain facial
    bones, and the calcaneus.

    SEASMOID BONES
    - Develop in certain tendons where there is
    considerable friction, tension, and physical
    stress, such as the palms and soles.
    - They may vary in number from person to
    person, are not always completely ossified, and
    typically measure only a few millimeters in
    diameter. Notable exceptions are the two
    patellae (kneecaps), large sesamoid bones
    located in the quadriceps femoris tendon that
    are normally present in everyone.
    - Functionally, it protects tendons from excessive
    wear and tear, and they often change the
    direction of pull of a tendon, which improves the
    mechanical advantage at a joint.

    SATURAL BONES
    - Small bones located in sutures (joints) between
    TYPES OF BONES certain cranial bones

    LONG BONES
    - Greater length than width
    - Consist of a shaft and a variable number of
    extremities or epiphyses (ends)
    - Slightly curved for strength. (curved bone
    absorbs the stress of the body’s weight at
    several different points, so that it is evenly
    distributed)
    - Consist mostly of compact bone tissue in their
    diaphyses but have considerable amounts of
    spongy bone tissue in their epiphyses.
    - Vary tremendously in size
    - Femur (thigh bone), tibia and fibula (leg bones),
    humerus (arm bone), ulna and radius (forearm
    bones), and phalanges (finger and toe bones).

    SHORT BONES
    - Somewhat cube-shaped and are nearly equal in
    length and width
    - Consist of spongy bone tissue except at the
    surface, which has a thin layer of compact bone
    tissue.
    - Carpal (wrist) bones and most tarsal (ankle)
    bones.
    DIVISIONS OF THE SKELETAL SYSTEM
    FLAT BONES
    AXIAL
    - Generally thin
    - bones around body axis
    - Composed of two nearly parallel plates of
    - skull bones, hyoid, ribs, sternum, vertebrae
    compact bone tissue enclosing a layer of spongy
    bone tissue
    APPENDICULAR
    - Afford considerable protection and provide
    extensive areas for muscle attachment - bones of upper and lower limbs plus shoulder
    - Include the cranial bones, which protect the and hip bones that connect them
    brain; the sternum (breastbone) and ribs, which - collar bone, arm, forearm, thigh bone
    protect organs in the thorax; and the scapulae
    (shoulder blades).

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