Part 1 Revision on Units

3-Units of Hello 8 Vocabulary and Grammar for the choice and for the correction
1-The Vocabulary of Unit ( 1 ) : Reach for stars
examine (a patient,damage, picture) ‫ يفحص‬gravity (falling on the ground) ‫ خطورة‬/ ‫جاذبية‬
launch (a rocket , a new ship ,a sat) ‫ اطالق‬/ ‫ يطلق‬gymnastics (do) ‫ألعاب الجمباز‬
leak (tap , gas tube, cup,tank ,pipe) ‫ تسرب‬/ ‫ رشح‬side effects ‫آثار جانبية‬
mission = task ‫ مأمورية‬/ ‫ بعثة‬/ ‫ مهمة‬spin (v) )‫يدور بسرعة (حول نفسه‬
secret (password) ‫ سرى‬/ ‫ سر‬spoke (wheel – bike – bicycle ) ‫سلك العجلة‬
system ( sat-nav ‫ \ المالحه‬control ‫) نظام تحكم‬ ‫ نظام‬distance (from..to\between) ‫ بعد‬/ ‫مسافة‬
currently ‫ فى الوقت الحالى‬/ ‫ حاليا‬weightless (difficult to stand still) ‫عديم الوزن‬
location ‫ موقع ليس به مبانى‬weightlessness / (do)space walk ‫انعدام الوزن‬
space shuttle (launch) ‫ مكوك فضاء‬orbit )‫يدور حول (شئ أخر‬
magical feeling ‫ شعور سحرى‬the anniversary of ‫المناسبه‬ ‫الذكرى الثانوية‬
Unit ( 2) The prisoner of Zenda
classics ‫ علم دراسة االدب اليونانى و الرومانى القديم‬coronation ( the king ,queen) ‫تتويج‬
couple ( people \married\ minutes\ days) ‫ زوجان‬alike ‫متشابهان‬
debate (organized discussion) ‫ يناقش‬/ ‫ مناظرة‬/ ‫ مناقشة‬attend (school - coronation) ‫يحضر‬
escapism ‫ الهروب من الواقع‬castle ( protect from any attack ) ‫قلعة‬
fictional story ‫ قصة خيالية‬the right to ( v to have) ‫الحق فى‬
publication (novel,book) ‫ نشر‬/ ‫ مطبوعة‬occasion ‫مناسبة‬
well-educated ( v to be) ‫ على قدر جيد من التعليم‬wealthy ‫ ثرى‬/ ‫غنى‬
make regular visits to ‫ قوم بزيارات منتظمة لـ‬No, not in the least ‫ال ليس على األطالق‬
do (something) as planned ‫ يفعل شيئ كما هو مخطط‬argument ( have) ‫مجادلة‬

3- Language Notes:
reform) ‫طريقه‬-‫ نظام‬-‫يصلح (قانون‬ get to ‫ يصل إلى‬classics‫علم قديم لدراسه اللغه واألدب‬
repair =mend=fix‫يصلح أعطال‬ arrive (in‫ – كبير‬at‫ يصل إلى ) صغير‬classical (music,architecture)
correct‫يصلح خطأ‬ reach ‫(بدون حرف جر‬ ‫ \ تقليدى قديم يصل إلى‬classic ‫نموذجى‬
astraunate ‫رائد فضاء‬ take place in‫يحدث‬ like‫مثل‬
astrologer‫عالم الفلك‬ take ‫ مفعول‬place ‫يحل محل‬ unlike ‫بخالف – علي العكس من‬
astronomer‫عراف – منجم‬ take the place of‫يحل محل‬ alike ‫متشابه‬-‫على السواء‬ ‫أخر الجمله‬
3- queue‫ طابور‬- ‫يقف طابور ألنتظار دور‬ -‫ شخص‬look like‫شخص‬ ‫ يشبه‬hear of /about - ‫يسمع عن‬
ro row )‫(ثابت‬ ‫ األشخاص صف‬look alike‫يبدو متشابهان‬ hear from ( ‫يتلقى أخبارا من( شخص‬
destination ‫مقصد\جهه السفر‬ investigate ‫ يتحرى – يستجوب‬fiction ‫خيال قصصى‬
location) ‫موقع ( ليس به مبانى‬ examine ) ‫يفحص( شيء‬ ‫\يكشف‬ science fiction ‫خيال علمى‬
position‫ مكانه اجتماعية –مكان غبر ثابت‬observe - ‫ الحظ يالحظ‬fictional ( hero) ( country) ‫خيالى‬
spin = turn around ‫ يدور حول نفسه‬compare to ‫يقارن بين شيئين فقط‬ ‫ فاعل‬make ‫ (معلوم) مصدر‬+‫مفعول‬
orbit =circle around ‫ يدور حول شيئ‬compare with ‫بين شيئين وشخصيين‬ ‫ مفعول‬+ v to be + made to ‫مصدر‬
‫أخر‬ compare ‫شيئ‬to ‫شيئ يشبه‬ ‫ فاعل‬cause ‫مفعول‬+ to ‫مصدر‬
explore ( space –forests ) ‫ يستكشف‬kidnap ‫يخطف شخصا‬ wonder ‫يتسائل – يتعجب‬
discover (diseases) ‫ يكتشف ألول مره‬hijack ) ‫ سفينه‬-‫ يخطف شيئ (طائرة‬wander‫يتجول – يتمشى‬
) ‫ صفه‬+ ‫ ( اسم مفرد‬:‫ في الجملة األولى ألنها تعتبر صفة‬v to be + well + educated
‫فى المثال األول‬ year ‫ عدم جمع كلمه‬: ‫ الحظ‬v to have + good + education
He was a nine-year-old boy \ He was nine years old Ex He is well educated = He has good education .
a couple of(days-maaried)‫وقت‬-‫ زوج يمكن فصلهم (أشخاص‬cause of‫ \ سب‬reason for ( ‫ اسم‬/ v+ing )‫سبب‬
a pair of(shoes-trousers – glasses -jeans) ‫ زوج ال يفصل‬reason why + ( ‫ فاعل‬+‫سبب \ ) فعل‬reason with‫يجادل مع‬
4- Prepositions
take off )‫ يخلع ( للمالبس‬-) ‫ يقلع ( للطائرات‬walk on = do walks on = take steps ‫يمشى على‬
a problem with /the problem of ‫ مشكله فى‬a representative for ‫مندوب لـ‬
attach to ‫ يربط فى – متصل بـ‬well trained to ‫ مصدر‬/ for ‫اسم‬ ‫مدرب جيدا على‬

1
fall to the ground ‫ يسقط على األرض‬think about ‫ يفكر‬- ‫راى‬
look down on ‫ يحتقر‬-‫ ينظر من اعلى الى اسفل‬think of ‫ يفكر‬- ‫ رأى‬- ‫تخيل فى – يراعى مشاعر‬
interested in ‫ مهتم بـ‬suffer in space ‫يعانى عندما يكون فى الفضاء‬
worry about ‫ يقلق على‬suffer from side effects ‫يعانى من اثار جانبيه‬
refer to / depend on ‫ يشير الى \ يعتمد على‬go on a mission ‫يذهب فى مهمة \ بعثه‬
benefit from ‫ يستفيد من‬spend money on ‫ينفق ماال على‬
get a leak in ‫ به تسرب فى‬go along with ‫يوافق على‬
have been to‫مكان‬ ‫ ذهب الى مكان وعاد‬the distance from .. to ‫إلي‬..‫المسافة من‬
have been in ‫مكان‬ ‫ ذهب الى مكان وما زال فيه‬on holiday = in a holiday ‫فى أجازه‬
know for sure ‫ يعرف بالتأكيد‬plan for / land on ‫يخطط لـ \ خطه لـ \ يهبط على‬
make sure ‫ يتأكد‬out of reach ‫بعيد عن متناول‬
kind of = sort of= type of ‫ نوع من‬harmful to ‫ضار لـ‬
express opinion on/about ‫ يعبر عن رأيه فى‬ready for ‫ اسم‬/ to‫مصدر‬
to‫مصدر‬ ‫ جاهز لـ‬- ‫مستعد لـ‬
v to be+ interested in ‫ مهتم بـ‬protect from ‫يحمى من‬
popular with ‫ محبوب لـ‬intend to ‫ينوى ان‬
put down ( can't ) ‫ يحقر – يضع جانبا‬- ‫ يقلل من شأن‬surprise to ‫مصدر‬ ‫يندهش أن‬
on the night of ‫ فى ليله‬say good bye to = see …off ‫يودع‬
belong to ‫ ينتمى لـ‬fall(fell-fallen) off (horse) )‫يقع من أعلى (حصان‬
a good speaker in ‫ متحدث جيد في‬well-known for ‫مشهور (معروف) لـ‬
write for )‫ مجلة‬/ ‫ يكتب في( جريدة‬special about ‫خاص بـ‬
allow‫ مفعول‬to‫ مصدر‬/ let ‫مفعول مصدر‬ ‫ يسمح‬break in )‫ (بدون مفعول‬break into /‫مفعول‬ ‫يقتحم‬
based on ‫ معتمد على‬/ ‫ قائم على‬escape from ‫يهرب من‬
based in ) ‫ يكون مقره فى (مكان ما‬It is easy to ‫مصدر‬ ‫انه من السهل أن‬
find a ( treatment)cure for ‫ يجد عالج لـ‬at a height of ‫علي ارتفاع‬
works of (Dickens,engineerings) ) ‫ أعمال ( أدبية – فنية‬a replacement for ‫بديل لـ‬
5- Some verbs can go with some nouns
 launch a rocket ,a new ship ,a sat  go for a holiday ,on holiday, shopping
 examine a patient,damage,picture  do repairs ,walks, weightless, gymnastics,sport
 a leak in tap , gas tube, cup, tank  make a promise, us happier, prediction
pipe,tyre, wheel , hose‫خرطوم‬ arrangements , for sure, appointment
 v to have the right to  make visits , riends, a plan , money
 say good bye to  give a talk to ,advice to
6- Grammar unit (1-2)
1 -Will ('ll ) + ‫المصدر المستقبل البسيط‬ ‫ أو جمع نضع‬a\an‫ األسماء المعدوده يمكن أن تكون‬-1 :‫مفرد يعد‬
I will be 50 years next year.1- ‫للتعبير عن الحقيقة في‬ ‫مفرد‬
‫المستقبل‬ How) many = several =a lot of ‫=اثبات‬lots of
2- ‫ وتأتى مع التنبؤ باألحداث بدون دليل وا تأتى بعد كل من األفعال‬. =plenty of (a) few\Some( \(‫أثبات واقتراح و طلب‬any(
{ I think ,hope, expect ,sure} Ex I expect that he will ‫)النفى و السؤال العادى‬
win. 2- ‫األسماء الكميه ( التى التعد ) اليمكن جمعها اال بطريقه التجزئه‬
3- ‫وتأتى مع اتخاذ القرار السريع و عرض مساعدة‬. :
Ex-A) I am thirsty. B) I will get you a drink. (How) much = a lot of #(a) little \ some \ any
. promise ) ‫والوعد‬or\otherwise) ‫ويعرف‬threat4- ‫و مع‬ (is , was , has , does , s ‫ الفعل ينتهى بـ‬likes) 3- ‫األفعال‬
‫التهديد‬ ‫المفرد‬
Ex I will punish you if you do this again. (are, were,have ,do , s ‫ الفعل ال ينتهى بـ‬like) ‫األفعال‬
(As soon as-after-till- if –when ) 5- ‫ومع الروابط كطرف‬ ‫الجمع‬
‫ثاني‬ ( time,paper,iron,hair) 4- ‫أسماء تعامل مفرد وجمع‬
..... ‫ مضارع بسيط رابط‬will ‫\ مصدر‬After I finish , I will ‫وكميه‬
leave 5- ‫أسماء مفردة كمجموعه واحده أو جمع عندما تشير الى أكثر‬
2 - am, is, are + going to + ‫المصدر‬ ‫من فرد‬
(team,group ,crew,army,
v to be + ‫ تعبر عن التخطيط‬-intend 2 ‫ تعبر عن النية‬-1
couple,family,staff,class)
going to
- The Egyptian team is going to play the match.
‫ تستخدم للتنبؤ بما سيحدث في المستقبل بناء على دليل والقرار‬-3
‫) )مفرد‬
2
 ‫السابق‬ - All the team are going to play except Ali.‫)جمع‬
) ‫دليل‬I think ………).( I have decided that…..) … )
*‫وبعد‬ 6- ‫أسماء تشبه الجمع ولكن يأتى معها فعل مفرد‬
Ex There is a dark cloud .I think it is going to ‫الفعل الذى يأتى بعدهم مفرد‬ ‫السبب‬
.rain Ten million pounds is ‫اى مبلغ من المال‬
3 ‫ ) المضارع المستمر‬am, is are + V +ing ( ‫تكوينة‬ Fifty litres of petrol is ‫اى وزن اوعبوه من‬....
) arrange( ‫يستخدم للتعبير عن المستقبل لألحداث المرتب له‬ Five kilometers is ‫اى مسافه‬
He is visiting his uncle = He has arranged to visit Forty minutes is ‫اى مده‬
him. Three plus seven is ‫عمليه الجمع والضرب‬
4 ‫ ( المستقبل المستمر‬will be + v + ing) Classics-politics-maths ‫اى مواد دراسيه‬
+ / in/ from ..to /all / for/ at (‫(عالمات المستقبل‬ is
In 20 years ,people will be queuing to book a space Athletics – gymnastics ‫العاب رياضيه‬
trip is
5 ‫المستقبل التام‬will have + pp‫ معلوم‬/will have been +pp The news is \ measles ‫اسم كمى \ واألمراض‬
is
‫مجهول‬
)‫ بعدهم فعل جمع‬s)7- ‫أسماء التنتهى بحرفالـ‬
‫( عالماتة‬By ‫ سنة قادمة‬,in a‫' مدة‬s time, this time+( ‫عالمات‬
(Police , public , people , men ,women ,
‫المستقبل‬
phenomena)
By 2016, I will have finished my studies.
‫ جمع دائما‬shoes,trousers, gloves ‫(مثل‬a pair of )8-
‫اسماء مع‬
6 ‫ ) المضارع البسيط‬he,she ,it ‫ المصدر مع‬+ s ( )‫(أو المصدر فقط‬ 9- ‫مثل‬ ) ‫الجمع‬ ‫و‬ ‫(المفرد‬ ‫في‬ ‫التكوين‬ ‫نفس‬ ‫كلمات لها‬
1-‫ بداية‬-‫ فتح وغلق‬-‫يستخدم مع المواعيد الثابته (مواصالت‬ (sheep – deer – fish – salmon - aircraft -space
) ‫ونهاية‬ craft) ‫ فى المفرد والجمع مثل‬s 10- ‫كلمات تنتهى بـ‬
-The train leaves at 7:30 am tomorrow. (crossroads– means - series - species- works)
( intend – hope- expect – promise)2- ‫( مع أفعال مثل‬a slice of meat,a lump of sugar,a sheet of paper)
After he finishes , he will leave. 3- ‫تجزئة وبعد الروابط‬
‫مباشر‬
unit 1
:Choose the correct answer
1- The navy (launched – lunched – punched - attached) a new warship last week.
2-The contents of the report were (baked – cheated – liked - leaked) to the press.
3- This matter is (costly – currently – distantly - tightly) being discussed.
4-"Distance" means the amount of (place – time – money - space) between two places.
5-The unexpected results of an activity are called (side – aside – inside – outside) effects.
6-(Gravity – Ability – Activity - Capacity) makes objects fall to the ground.
7-(Statistics – Gymnastics – Classics - Mechanics) is a sport in which physical exercises and movements are
performed.
8-Astronauts usually work in (weightless – useless – hopeless - meaningless) conditions.
9-To spin is to turn (around and around – on and off – up and down – forward and backward) very quickly.
10-A (spring – star – spoke - spear) is a thin metal bar which connects the ring around the outside of a wheel to
its centre.
11-The moon has less (grave – gravity – gape - acidity) than the earth, so you could jump much higher there.
12-(Doing – Making – Having - Taking) gymnastics is a very good way of keeping fit.
13-I think there's a problem (of – at – for – with) my internet connection.
14-The (distance – time – difference - hindrance) between Cairo and London is 3, 5000 kilometers.
15-When you are (countless – weightless – harmless - endless) in space, it must be very difficult to stand still.
16-(Efficiently – Carefully – Currently - Cunningly), over 500 students are enrolled on the course.
17-(Astronauts – Accountants – Astrologers - Engineers) are well trained to do space walks.
18-A space station will (turn – spin – move – orbit) the Earth.
19-A lot of people would like to go (on – in – at - with) space holidays.
20-July 1969 was (what – where – when – which) people first landed on the moon.
21-The spokes of the space station have (full – zero – maximum – under) gravity.
22-There are now (agreements – amusements – treatments - appointments) for most side effects of space travel.
23-Space tourists will fly to the space station by (ship – boat – plane – rocket).
3
24-(Modern – Traditional – Old – Ancient) technology has improved everyone's lives.
25-Some people have (comforted – infected – benefited - filtered) more from this TV programme than others.
26- It's still not possible to accurately (predict – defect – convict – restrict) the occurrence of earthquakes.
27-A: I think computers are indispensable nowadays. B: I couldn't agree (much – few – more – little).
28-Everybody is aware of the hazards of smoking, (isn't he – doesn't he – is he – aren't they)?
29-Space (exploration – admiration – aspiration - celebration) cots a lot of money.
30-Gymnastics and football are two sports that people can (do – make – act - avoid) in space.
31-The doctor (expected – extended – examined - explained) the patient carefully.
32-China is going to (launch – branch – bunch - crash) a new satellite into space soon.
33-I can smell a gas (fake – break – leak - lock) in the kitchen.
34-The soldiers' (condition – confession – confirmation - mission) was to attack the radio station.
35-These plans must be kept (known – regret – secret - open) from the enemy.
36-We need to reform our educational (order – system – equipment - device).
37-A lot of scientists are (currently – angrily – badly - bitterly) doing experiments to find a cure for swine flu.
38-I don't think you understand the (ambiguity – anxiety – gravity - authority) of the situation.
39-He started the meeting (with – in – by – of) telling us something about his family.
40-Does this drug have any side (effects – affects – reflects - infects)?
41-The Earth (stems – stains – spins - springs) on its axis.
42-What's the (time - length – distance - width) between Cairo and Alexandria?
43-I'm afraid I don't agree (of – at – with – on) your opinion.
44-The plane (bends – lands – hands - rents) in Madrid at 7.00 p.m.
45-He did a lot to (approve – move - improve - destroy) conditions for factory workers.
46-Buying this old car is a (waste – waist – wisdom – failure) of money.
47-The crew are planning a four-hour space (jump – run – walk - talk) to carry out the necessary repair work on
the shuttle.
48-The storm has had a bad (effect – afflict – affect - detect) on the crops.
49- We always celebrate our wedding (anniversary – memory – memorial - failure) with dinner in an expensive
restaurant.
50- Everyone knows who stole it, but (he – you – she - they) are all afraid to tell anyone.
:Find the mistakes in each of the following sentences then write them correctly
1-After the storm, they had to compare the roof.
2-The students were inspected on ancient Egyptian history.
3-Two sparks in the wheel of my bicycle were broken.
4-Scientists are testing the new drug to find out if it has any outside effects.
5-July 2009 was the fortieth memorial of man first walking on the moon.
6-Concurrently, the cost of a space holiday is very high.
7-In space, you can have fun with weighty football and gymnastics.
8-At the moment, the main advantage of a space holiday is its cost. It is very expensive.
9-In the next ten years, people will be queuing to lock their holidays in space.
10-The space station will be ordering the Earth at a height of 320 km.
11-Space tourists can make weightless sports in space.
12-July 1969 was when people first laundered on the moon.
13-Space tourists will fly to the space station by racket.
14-The feeling of looking down on the Earth from space is described as logical.
15-Would you like being an astronaut?
16-I'm looking forward to travel to space.
17-My father helped me doing the homework.
18-We really need to spend more money in education.
19-His mansion in life is to help the poor.
20-Activity is the force that makes things fall to the ground.
:Choose the correct answer
1- It's arranged. We (will go – go – are going – may go) to the Red Sea this summer.
2- I think my cousin (will study – studies – going to study – would study) engineering. He is very clever
at Maths.
3- (Are you playing – Do you play – Shall you play – Do you go to play) tennis after school today?
4
4- My German lesson (is stating – starts – has been starting – start) at four o'clock this afternoon.
5- The launch of the satellite (is being – are being – is – was) at 7.50 tomorrow.
6- We (will – may – are going to – are) probably be there for two weeks.
7- I can't talk at the moment. I (do – will do – am doing – have done) my homework.
8- I can't meet you this afternoon. I (am doing – do – have done – may do) the shopping.
9- Hello, Ahmed. I (go – am going – have gone – would have gone) to the airport in a minute.
10- My plane (is leaving – shall leave – leave – leaves) at 10 o'clock tomorrow.
11- I am studying medicine. I (may be – am going to be – am being – be) a doctor.
12- She (will – should – is going to – may ) probably do the shopping tomorrow.
13- I expect that he (wins – will win – is going to win – is winning) the match.
14- Perhaps they (are visiting – are going to visit – will visit – may) visit us next Saturday.
15- Somebody is knocking on the door. I (am going – will go – have gone – go) and open it.
16- She (is flying – flies – fly – would fly) to Spain next Monday. Everything is arranged.
17- What are your plans for tomorrow? – I (am going to play – play – have played – shouldn't play) tennis
with a friend.
18- He's driving at breakneck speed. He (has – would have – is going to have – is having) an accident.
19- Watch out! You (are dropping – drop – are going to drop – would drop) the glasses.
20- (Will you – Are you going to – Do you – Should you) help me with this heavy bag, please?
21- Don't worry. I (lend – am lending – will lend – should lend) you the money you need.
22- I (am going to be – will be – am being – be) 25 next Monday.
23- I can't use my office at the moment. It (is decorated – will be decorated – may decorate – is being
decorated).
24- Don't phone me at 8.00 a.m. tomorrow. I (drive – will be driving – have driven – would drive) the kids
to school then.
25- Look at those black clouds. It (rains – is raining – is going to rain – isn't raining).
26- She (will – should – might – ought) probably be a great success.
27- She has decided that she (is studying – is going to study – was studying – will be studying) medicine.
28- Be careful! You (will spill – are spilling - are going to spill – spill) your coffee.
29- That's the phone. I (answer – am answering – would answer – will answer) it.
:Find the mistakes in each of the following sentences then write them correctly
.I can't answer the phone at the moment. I do the washing up -1
.I hope you are visiting me in my home one day -2
.I am going to possibly come but I may not get back in time -3
.There's not a cloud in the sky. It's will be another warm day tomorrow -4
.Look at the queue. We're not getting in for hours -5
.Perhaps I am seeing him tomorrow -6
.I expect he is getting the job in a matter of days -7
.I shoot you if you come any closer-8
.I'm sorry I can't talk now. I'm calling you later -9
.The traffic is terrible. We miss our flight -10
.They go on a school trip tomorrow. Everything has been arranged -11
.The match is ending at 4.30 this afternoon -12
.Don't come at 4 o'clock tomorrow. I sleep then-13
.It is predicted that Egypt exports more goods next year -14
.I suppose he applies for the job next week-15
unit2
:Choose the correct answer
1.My brother is very well (learnt – educated – civilized – punished). He went to Cairo University and then
Oxford,
2.We are having a (disagreement – conflict - debate – negotiation) at school next week about ways of
reducing global warming.
3.For some people, reading and watching films are forms of (socialism – ecotourism – extremism – escapism).
4.In the past, many English children studied (classics – ceramics – clinics – cosmetics) at school. Now most
schools teach modern languages.

5
5.Oliver Twist is the fictional (champion - hero – leader – loser) of one of Charles Dickens' most famous
novels.
6.The Prisoner of Zenda was ready for (application – classification - publication – clarification) a few months
after Anthony Hope thought of the idea.
7.Although everyone in my family works very hard, we are not a (worthy - wealthy – healthy – filthy) family.
8.In Britain, children (attend – intend – tend – pretend) primary school between the ages of 5 and 11.
9.The (collaboration – coronation – corporation – combination) of Queen Elizabeth II took place in 1952. It
was a fantastic occasion millions of people went to London to watch.
10.Nobody has the (left – wrong - right – sight) to steal things from other people
11.Some twins are more (like – liken – alight – alike) than others.
12.(Castles – Houses – Flats – Apartments) were usually made from stone to stop attackers from breaking in.
13. A (double – pair – two – couple) of people objected to the proposal, but the vast majority approved of it.
14. They had been (delaying – defeating – debating – applying) for several hours without reaching a
conclusion.
15.All the characters in this film are (fictional – intentional – additional – conventional)). They are not real.
16. Over two hundred people (intended – pretended – depended – attended) the funeral.
17.Our customers have the right (to complain – complaining – complained – complain) if the service is not
satisfactory.
18.They met on several (chance - occasions – opportunity - day) to discuss the issue.
19.The two men were surprised (discover – to discover – discovering – discovered) that they were so alike.
20.He spent three days (with – at – of – to) his uncle.
21.The story takes (space – part – place – the place) in 19th century Europe.
22.He was buried (life – alive – living – a life) in the earthquake.
23. They kept looking at each (other – another – others – the other) and smiling.
24.He was (looked – lacked – licked – locked) in the castle at Zenda.
25. It's important to protect your skin (of – with - from – at) the harmful effects of the sun.
26.She's going to study (classics – classic – classical – classification) at university.
27.Ali and Mona are a nice (double – pair – couple – two). Let's invite them to dinner.
28.Prices have (coupled – doubled – paired – crippled) in the last few years.
29.There was a long (talking – debate – speaking - beating) on TV about elections.
30.The President (mended – depended – attended – ascended) the summit conference in London last week.
31.The (castle – battle – cattle – shuttle) was captured by the enemies.
32.The opening of the new school was a great (admission – collision – occasion – concession).
33.They (dropped – sent – gave – kidnapped) the boy and demanded a big ransom.
34.The Egyptian monuments are very popular (of – to – with – on) tourists.
35.Do you mind if I use your computer? – Not in (least – most – less – little).
36.He's very much (like – alike – look like – liken) his father.
37.They met at the club as (agreeing – to agree – agreed – agreement).
38.(Capitalism – Colonialism – Globalism – Escapism) is a kind of entertainment that helps people to forget
about their worries.
39.(Physics – Economics – Classics – Statistics) is the study of the language and literature of the Ancient
Greeks and Romans.
40. (Coronation – Corruption – Collection – Communication) is a ceremony in which somebody officially
becomes a king or queen.
:Find the mistakes in each of the following sentences then write them correctly
1-Over two thousand people pretended the meeting.
2-The communication of the king took place in the royal palace.
3-These two sisters are so like.
4-People over 18 have the tight to vote in elections.
5-This novel is intentional. It's not real.
6-A defeat is a formal organised discussion.
7-The gang hijacked the boy and asked for a lot of money to let him go.
8-She went to London a pair of years ago.
9-Can you tell me what the thief was alike?
10-It took him five hours finishing the report.
6
 :Choose the correct answer
1. How (much – many – long – little) people are there in the team?
2. How many seconds (is – are – were – would) there in an hour?
3. Ten kilometres (have – been - is - are) a long way to run.
4. Would you like (some – much – a – any) cup of tea?
5. One of the pages in the book (is – are – were – have been) torn.
6. We didn't take (some – many – much – little) photographs yesterday.
7. Ali was listening to (a – many – one – some) music.
8. We didn't do (a – much – many – some) shopping last week.
9. I still have (a little – much – one – a few) things to do.
10. I am going to buy (some – a few – two – one) bread.
11. If you want to know the news, you can read (much paper – many paper – a paper – paper).
12. I want to print some documents, but the printer is out of (papers – paper – a paper – many papers)
13. Bad news (don't – doesn't – haven't – aren't) make people happy.
14. John is unemployed. He can't get (job – profession – work – position).
15. Can you give me (an – some – many – one) advice?
16. I don't have (many – some – much – a lot) luggage.
17. They spend (a lot of – many – a few – a) money on travel.
18. Enjoy your trip. Have (a – many – a few – any) good time.
19. I need a new (pair – couple – double – jar) of sunglasses.
20. I have (a – a few – any – a lot) problem. Can you help me?
21. How (much – many – few – little) students are there in your school?
22. Have you finished (a – some – one – the) book I lent you?
23. She has (the – an – a – many) French name, but in fact she's English.
24. I am going away for (some – many – much – a) week in September.
25. There isn't (a – the – some – many) supermarket near where I live.
:Find the mistakes in each of the following sentences then write them correctly
1.How much coffees have you drunk today?
2.Do we have a rice left?
3.How many money do you need for your holiday?
4.Fifty degrees are a very high temperature
5.Athletics were my father's favourite sport.
6.The team usually plays very well
7.The people in our group was watching the film.
8.Hurry! There is not many time left.
9.Two five-pound notes is on the table.
10-The police is chasing the suspect.
Test on Unit 1
1- Respond to the following situations:
1.Someone says that space exploration is too expensive. You agree
2.Someone says that computers are a bad thing. You do not have the same opinion.
3.One of your friends says he thinks walking in space would be very frightening. You think he's right
4. You hear someone say that all astronauts are very rich. You know this is not true.
2- Say where these mini-dialogues take place and who the speakers are: (June, 2009)
1- A: Can you show me where I can try this dress on?
B: The fitting rooms are on the left over there ------------------ : Place
2- A: How long have you been feeling unwell? Speaker A: ---------------
B.: Since Sunday Speaker B : ---------------
A: Well, you need to take one of these tablets 3 times a day. Function : ---------------
3- Choose the correct answer from a, b, c or d
1. Millions of people watched the rocket (start – launch – set off – beginning) on TV. -
2. The medicine I am taking is wonderful. It has no side (results – damage – effects – problems).
3. I expect (I'm going to see – I'll see – I'm seeing – I see) you at the weekend.
4. The film (is starting – is going to start - starts – has started) at 7.30 this evening.
5. The mechanic (examined – explained – extended – looked) the engine for damage.
7
 6. There was a (brake - leak – lake – fake) in the water pipe and I had to have it fixed.
7. Our air conditioning has broken down, but someone is coming to (prepare – impair – despair – repair) it
tomorrow.
8. Computer passwords should always be (known – public – secret – distributed). You should never tell
anyone.
9. The astronauts went on a two–hour space (walk - talk – swim – jump) to replace a broken fuel pump.
10. Some drivers have a sat-nav (order – stick – system – string) in their car to help them find the best route.
11. A: This year I'm going on holiday with my family to Italy. B: I'm sure you (will enjoy – enjoy – are
enjoying – have enjoyed) it.
12. A: Are you leaving this evening? B: Yes, my train (is going to leave – leaves – will leave – has left) at
7.15.
13. A: Have you made any arrangements for next week? B: Yes, (I'll meet – I meet – I'm meeting – I have
met) a friend from Cairo on Monday.
14. A: Do you have any plans for the weekend. B: I (meet – 'm going to meet – 'll meet – would meet)
Professor Ali on Saturday morning.
15. A: I'm going on holiday to Europe this October. Should I take an umbrella? B: Yes, it (will probably rain
– is probably raining – probably rains – has probably rained).
16. I (visit – going to visit – am visiting – would visit) some relatives next Monday. It's already arranged.
4- Find the mistakes in each of the following sentences then write them correctly:
1- The doctor exchanged me carefully before he gave me the medicine.
2- The rocket is going to reach the moon on Tuesday. Everyone watched the lunch on TV.
3- Space fissions can take several years.
4- I travel to Greece next Monday. Everything is arranged.
5- Next Wednesday, my Physics exam is starting at 8.00 a.m.
6- I think my brother is a doctor. He's very clever.
5- Read the following passage and then answer the questions: (June, 2009)
Eat healthy food and have a healthy body. Now, we know that there is also healthy food for your brain. Eat
healthy food and have a healthy mind. New research clearly shows the link between diet and mental health.
There has been a campaign to improve school meals. A head teacher of a school banned junk food and
started serving healthy food. This research shows that the students' behaviour in class has been a lot better.
They became calmer and they learn and concentrate more.
A mental health foundation (M.H.F) has started a campaign "Feeding Minds" to publicize its own research.
This research shows that our diets have changed a lot and the level of mental illness has increased, unhealthy
diet can cause depression and insomnia.
The last part of the research concerns the Mediterranean diet. Scientists knew that this diet (fruit, vegetables,
fish and olive oil) helps you live longer. It also prevents a serious mental disease "Alzheimer" that affects the
elderly.
So, what does this research suggest to you? To improve your memory, eat salmon. To fight insomnia, eat
nuts. If depression is a problem, eat brown rice. If you worry about your later years, cook with olive oil.
A. Answer the following questions:
1- What is the main idea of the passage?
2- Mention the campaigns' targets of the school and the MHF?
3- What does the underlined word "they" refer to/
4- How are nuts helpful for our health?
B. Choose the correct answer:
5- The following diseases are all mental except -------------------.
a) Alzheimer b) Depression
c) Insomnia d) Blood Pressure
6- The Mediterranean diet includes-------------------------
a) junk food b) meat and rice c) fast food d) fish and olive oil
8- Write a paragraph of about 100 words about: (June, 2009)

8
 "How has the internet affected our lives?"
9- A) Translate into Arabic: (June, 2009)
Many studies have shown that it is better to wear your seat belt when you are driving a car. Seat belts
greatly reduce the risk of death or injury in accidents. This fact is widely recognized and many governments
have passed laws requiring seat belt use.
B) Translate into English:
.‫ يسعي العالم جاهدا الكتشاف عالج ألنفلونزا الخنازير‬-1
.‫ نحتاج الي التكنولوجيا الحديثة لكي تساعدنا في حل الكثير من المشكالت مثل التغير المناخي واالحتباس الحراري‬-2
Test on unit 2
1- Respond to the following situations:
a) Your friend has joined a reading group. You want to know the number of people in the group.
b) Someone tells you that Anthony Hope wrote the Prisoner of Zenda in three months. You are very surprised
by this.
c) You are told that Anthony Hope paid for the publication of his first novel himself. Express how you feel
about this.
d) Someone tells you that Anthony Hope wrote more than 30 works of fiction altogether. You are interested
2- Say where these mini-dialogues take place and who the speakers are: (August, 2009)

a) A: When did you graduate? ------------------ : Place

B: In 2005. Speaker A: ---------------
A: Do you use the computer well? Speaker B : ---------------
B: Yes, sir. I've worked as a programmer in a Function : ---------------
big company for 3 years.
b) A: Wow! Look at that dinosaur and here are its eggs.
They are huge.
B: Don't touch the exhibits, please.
A: Oh, sorry. Can you tell me where the insect exhibition is, please?
B: It's on the right, next to the fossils
3. Choose the correct answer from a, b, c or d
1. I think (healthy - wealthy – bankrupt – weak) countries should help poor ones.
2. Novels are usually works of (infection – friction – fiction – reflection), but they are often based on real life.
3. Anthony Hope's first novel was (punished – published – crashed – established) in 1890.
4. Films and books can sometimes help people to (escape – yield – resort – enjoy) from their worries.
5. My brother had a good (school – nursery – college – education). He went to one of the best universities.
6. You can still see a lot of (classical – fictional – educational - logical) architecture in Greece and Rome.
7. The last important (chance – occasion – opportunity – incident) I went to was my brother's wedding.
8. Everyone has the right (for – with - to – in) their own beliefs.
9. Five miles (is – are – were – have been) a long way to walk.
10. How (much – many – few – little) oil did you buy? –Two litres.
11. The main evening news (are – have been – were – is) on Channel 1 at 9 o'clock.
12. Forty minutes (have been – was – were – are) a long time to wait for the bus.
13. We have to hurry. There is (many – a lot – few – little) time left.
14. This information (has – have – are – were) helped me a lot.
15. Gymnastics (help – are helping – helps – have helped) to keep your body fit.
16.There are sixty minutes in (some – one – many – much) hour.
4- Find the mistakes in each of the following sentences then write them correctly:
1- Shylock was the champion of Shakespeare's the Merchant of Venice.
2- The film is based in a novel by Naguib Mahfouz.
3- I'll be back in a double of minutes.
4- How many coffer would you like? – Two cups, please.
5- Thirty pounds are a lot of money for a five-year-old boy.
6. The police thinks that he has forged the money.
5- Read the following passage and answer the questions: (August, 2009)

9
 Nothing we do in this world is done in isolation. It is now recognized that being able to work successfully
with other people is one of the major keys to success. In every situation where you are in a group, you will
need a skilled leader. All groups need leaders and all successful groups have good leaders. Groups without
leaders always break down. Members of a leaderless group often begin to feel dissatisfied and frustrated.
There are often arguments and tensions between people as there is nobody to keep the goals clear.
Some people are natural leaders. True leaders are born and you can spot them. They are people who
combine toughness, fairness and humour. Although a lot of people agree that there are some natural-born
leaders, most people now recognize that leadership can also be taught in training courses which use
activities and techniques to develop a range of qualities which are necessary to be a good leader, such as
self-confidence, calmness and intelligence. They also need to be able to work under pressure. Lastly, and
probably most importantly, good leaders need to be sensitive, sociable and be able to get on with a wide
range of people. Good leadership is the ability to influence others and allow all members of the group to
contribute.
A.Answer the following questions:
1-What are the qualities of good leaders?
2-Why are people in a leaderless group often dissatisfied and frustrated?
3-Do you think that leadership is a natural born talent or learned skill? Write your own point of view.
4-According to the passage, what does good leadership mean?
B.Choose the correct answer:
5- Successful leaders shouldn't be-------------.
a) fair b) wise c) selfish d) experienced
6- Most people now recognize that they can ----------------- leadership.
a) borrow b) offer c) export d) learn
7- The underlined pronoun "they" refers to ---------------.
a) true leaders b) arguments and tensions c) training courses d) leaders' works
D- Writing
8- Write a paragraph of about 100 words about: (August, 2009)
"How can we help to protect and improve the environment"
E- Translation
9- A) Translate into Arabic: (August, 2009)
Modern societies need enormous amounts of power for heating, lighting and industry. Most of this power
comes from coal and oil. Experts say that this type of fuel will soon be used up. Scientists will have to search
for alternative sources of energy.
B) Translate into English:
.‫ إن العمل الجماعي يقوي الروابط و القيم اإلنسانية بين الناس‬-1
.‫ البد أن نشجع االستثمارات األجنبية في مصر من أجل تحسين االقتصاد القومي‬-2

1-The Vocabulary of Unit ( 3) :Energy

liquid ( water) ‫ سائل‬coal ( black) /split ( atomic ) )‫الفحم \ انشطار ( زرى‬
molten (rock, metal) ‫ منصهر‬atom/atomic /nuclear ‫الذرة \ ذرى \ نووى‬
pipe ‫ ينقل باألنابيب‬/ ‫ أنبوبة‬fossil fuels(oil,coal,gas) ‫وقود الحفريات‬
power station ‫ محطة طاقة‬generate (electricity) ‫يولد‬
pressure ‫ ضغط‬generation/ blades ‫ جيل \ شفرة – ريش مروحة‬- ‫توليد‬
geothermal (heat in the earth ) ‫ حرارى أرضى‬hydroelectric power ( water) ‫طاقة كهرومائية‬
renewable (air ,water,wind) ‫ متجدد‬waste ( bury ‫)يدفن‬ ‫ فضالت‬/ ‫نفايات‬
non-renewable (oil,coal,gas) ‫ غير متجدد‬wind turbines ( tower) ‫محرك يعمل بقوة الرياح‬
to be +captured (energy) ‫ يستولى علي‬-‫ يستحوذ‬-‫ يحصل‬rather than / other than ‫أفضل من \ بخالف‬
Review A
a smart car ( with the internet) ‫ سياره زكيه‬a device ‫ ابتكار – اختراع‬-‫جهاز‬
the motorway ‫ الطريق السريع‬It doesn't matter ‫اليهمك‬
go wrong\ put right=do repairs ‫ يتعطل \ يصلح‬sat-nav system ‫نظام المالحه بالقمر الصناعى‬
get to a destination ‫ تصل الى مقصد سفرك‬the main purpose of ‫الغرض الريسى من‬
wave farm )‫ محطه الرياح ( لتوليد طاقه‬a traffic survey (do) ‫احصائيه المرور‬
10
 the slower...,the fewer…. ......‫كلما‬...‫ كلما‬sugar cane ‫قصب السكر‬
hardly any ‫ نادرا‬- ‫ بالكاد‬the sea bed ‫قاع البحر \ ارضيه البحر‬
spare parts ) ‫ قطع غيار (السيارات‬dashboard ‫تابلوالسياره‬
3 - Language Notes:
energy ‫ )طاقه – قدرة – حيويه نشاط‬molten(metal\rocks ‫ منصهر بحرارة عاليه‬+ ‫الشيئ‬-last+ for‫يستمر لمده‬ ‫المدة‬
energetic(‫ مع‬v to be)‫ نشيط‬-‫ حيوى‬melt(ice-chocolate)‫يذوب بحرارة عادية‬ -It takes+ ‫المدة‬+ ‫ مفعول‬to‫مصدر تأخذ‬
Power (station)‫ سلطه‬- ‫ طاقه – قوه‬dissolve (sugar-salt)in water ‫شخص يذوب‬- spend + ‫ المدة‬+v+ing ‫يقضى‬
split‫ينشطر للذرة – ينقسم‬ geothermal(the earth‫ ( من حرارةاألرض‬most (of)+ (‫= )اسم‬nearly all ‫معظم‬
spell/spelt ‫ يتهجى‬hydroelectric power(water) ‫ من المياة‬the most+ (‫*صفة األكثر‬mostly ‫غالبا‬
spill\spilt ‫ يسكب‬slip ‫ينزلق‬ Solar pwer (the sun) ‫ من الشمس‬almost=roughly ‫ تقريبا‬#exactly
spoil/spoilt ‫يفسد‬ nuclear(atomic) power (atoms)‫بالضبط نووية‬
steal)‫ يسرق بعدها الشيئ المسروق‬have plenty of free time lie / lied / lied ‫يكذب‬
rob )‫= يسرق – يجرد( شخص – مكان‬have a lot of free time lie / lay /lain ‫ يقع ( للمكان‬/ ‫ ينام‬/ ‫يرقد‬
drill deep / affected deeply = have much free time lay / laid / laid ‫يُ ِع ّد‬/ ‫تبيض‬
4- Prepositions
connected to ) ‫ متوصل بـ ( شيئ متوصل بشيئ‬run out (of ‫)مفعول‬ ‫ ينتهى‬- ‫يستنفذ‬
v to be +Piped to ( v) ‫ تضخ عبر انابيب الى‬pump water(into = to)(up) )‫يضخ مياه(الى) (أعلى‬
go wrong with ‫ يتعطل‬put straight into ‫يوضع مباشرة فى‬
type of = kind of = sort of ‫ نوع من‬increase by + ( ‫رقم‬%) ) ‫يزيد بنسبه ( رقم فى المائه‬
depend on=rely on=count on ‫ تعتمد على‬come up through a hole )‫ يمر عبر (فتحه‬-‫تأتى‬
instead of ‫ بدال من‬use for + v + ing \ use to ‫مصدر‬ ‫يستخدم من أجل‬
can't live (do) without ‫ ال يستطيع أن يعيش بدون‬do survey into ‫يقوم بعمل مسح(دراسة) عن‬
use up = consume ‫ يستهلك‬dangerous to ‫خطير على‬
supply with ‫ يزود بـ‬- ‫ يمد بـ‬last for ( ‫)مده‬ ‫ يدوم لمده‬- ‫يستمر‬
a supply of ‫ إمداد بـ‬- ‫ مصدر لـ‬forms of (energy) )‫ (الطاقه‬.. ‫أشكال‬
blow up =explode ‫ ينفجر‬good / better for ‫جيد لـ‬
turn off = switch off ‫ يطفئ‬radiate to (the earth) ‫يشع الى‬
convert = turn = change (into) ‫ يتحول الى‬according to ‫طبقا لـ‬
deal with ‫ يتعامل مع – يتناول موضوع‬split into = divide into ‫ينشطر \يقسم إلى‬
a replacement for ‫ بديل لـ‬inexpensive in price = cheap ‫رخيص – ليس غالى‬
5- Some verbs can go with some nouns
 make steam ,oil,electricity,fuel,use of  reduce non-renewable energy , oil
 produce electricity  do survey into , questionnaire
 form Fossils , oil  save energy , money
6- Grammar unit (3)
he, she, it ‫ مع‬ies , es ,s + ‫* يتكون من المصدر‬ ‫*يستخدم ليعبر عن حدث متكرر أو عادة أو حقيقة ثابتة‬
‫ تضاف ألي فعل عادي‬s - -I go to school every day. ‫حدث متكرر‬
) o, ch, sh, ss, x ( ‫ تضاف لألفعال المنتهية بـ‬- es .I usually visit my grandfather on Fridays
‫ قبلها حرف ساكن تحذف الـ‬y ‫تضاف لألفعال المنتهية بـ‬- ies - The Earth goes round itself ‫ حقيقة ثابتة‬.
try / tries ‫ مثل‬ies ‫ ونضيف‬y ‫ فتح وغلق – بداية‬-‫يستخدم مع المواعيد الثابته ( مواصالت‬
I,we,they,you ‫* نستخدم المصدر فقط مع الضمائر‬ ) ‫*ونهاية‬
-The train leaves at 7:30 am tomorrow.
Its words ‫ عالماته‬Notes ‫مالحظات‬
A) * ‫توضع تلك العالمات في نهايــــــــة الجمـل‬ 1- ‫يستخدم مضارع بعدهم بدال من المستقبل ولهم قاعدتان‬
{ every, at night, in the morning – once a week - } As soon as- after- when- till- until-before{
on Sundays - on + ‫ أسم يوم جمع‬- from time to (* ‫ مضارع بسيط ) رابط‬...,… ‫مستقبل بسيط \ أمر\ مضارع بسيط‬
time=now and again-as usual – permanently} ‫ماضي تام ( رابط )* ولكن‬......,........‫ ماضي بسيط‬:
B) { sometimes ‫أحيانا‬- often = frequently‫غالبا‬ Ex After he comes, I will meet him.
usually – occasionally – ‫ من حين ألخر‬always = After he had come, I met him. ‫المجهول‬
ever- still – no longer ‫– لم يعد‬never- rarely = ‫ ) المفعول كفاعل‬+ am , is ,are + PP + by + ‫( يصبح مفعول‬
scarcely = seldom ‫نادرا } توضع تلك العالمات‬ * · The wind is used to generate electricity.

11
Ex He always comes late.‫بين الفاعل والفعل األساسي‬ · Energy used at home comes from the oil . ‫الحظ حذف‬
He is always late ‫إذا كان بالجملة‬v to be ‫و لكن بعد‬ ( ‫ ضمير الوصل‬+ v to be + pp) =( pp)
Unit3
:Choose the correct answer
1-Nothing
1-Nothing can live (with – of – without – about) energy.
2-The
2-The sun's energy will (lost – least – last – lease) for another five billion years.
3-It
3-It is (silly – ridiculous – important – inessential) for us to save energy in our homes and workplaces.
4-(Hydroelectric
4-(Hydroelectric – Solar – Wind – Lunar) power supplies Egypt with a lot of its electricity.
5-Most
5-Most of the energy we use today comes from (fission – split – fossil – electric) fuels like coal, oil and gas.
6-Coal,
6-Coal, oil and gas are (durable – renewable – arable – non renewable) forms of energy.
7-Coal,
7-Coal, oil and gas have been (formed – framed – famed – fried) underground over millions of years.
8- As well as (is – are – be – being) inexpensive, hydroelectric power does not pollute the environment.
9-Nuclear
9-Nuclear power is produced when atoms (spit – spelt – split – spilt).
10-Accidents
10-Accidents at nuclear power stations are extremely (safe – dangerous – useful – pleasant).
11-We
11-We should all try to stop using (on – for – to – up) non-renewable sources of energy.
12-For
12-For centuries, the wind has been used to (sell – sail – steal – stay) ships.
13-Machines
13-Machines need energy to (work – spend – spoil – strike).
14-Non-renewable
14-Non-renewable forms of energy can only be used (twice – three times – once – forever).
15-It
15-It takes (more – the same – less – too much) energy to reuse materials than to make new ones.
16-Wind
16-Wind (turbines – machines – devices – instruments) can generate electricity.
17-We
17-We get energy from the (cold – heat – ice – water) inside the earth.
18-Below
18-Below the earth, the pressure is so great that rocks are (frozen – solid – molten – cold).
19-(Geothermal
19-(Geothermal – Geographical – Biographical – Geological) energy is better for the environment than
energy produced by traditional power stations.
20-We
20-We need to increase our use of renewable forms of energy because we are running (into – away – out of –
down) fossil fuels.
21-Energy
21-Energy from the sun will last (on – with – for – up) billions of years.
22-Burying
22-Burying (waste – taste – waist – post) in the ground can damage the environment.
23-Modern
23-Modern wind (headlines – deadlines – landmines – turbines) are tall towers which are built where there is
a lot of wind.
24-Many
24-Many countries are now using more (renewable - non renewable – avoidable – believable) forms of energy
from the sun and wind.
25-Fossil
25-Fossil fuels like oil and gas are found (between – next to – under – above) the ground.
26-Power
26-Power stations (destroy – damage – generate – bury) electricity.
27-We
27-We can all do very simple things to (waste – pollute – send – save) energy.
28-We
28-We need to (produce – introduce – deduce – reduce) our use of non-renewable fuels and use more
renewable forms.
29-I'd
29-I'd like to extend my stay in Britain for (others – the others – another – each other) two months.
30-I
30-I don't like this shirt. Can you give me (another – other – others – the others) one?
31-(How
31-(How – What – How much – How many) length is the River Nile?
32- I don't expect (private – ordinary – usual – special) treatment - I just want to be treated fairly.
33-A
33-A (liquid – solid – gas – rock) is a substance such as water.
34-A
34-A power (location – destination – station – combination) is a building where electricity is made.
35-To
35-To (ripe – bribe – dive – pipe) is to send a liquid or gas through a pipe to another place.
36-Hydroelectric
36-Hydroelectric means using (oil – the sun – the wind – water) to produce electricity.
37-Wind
37-Wind turbines have parts which are (stopped – turned – switched – twisted) by the wind.
38-Fossil
38-Fossil fuels have taken millions of years (forming – formed – to form – form).
39-The
39-The gas is stored under (pleasure – treasure – measure – pressure).
40- Electricity (graduation – generation – communication – cooperation) from wind and wave power is safe.
:Find the mistakes in each of the following sentences then write them correctly
1-Hydroelectric
1-Hydroelectric power does not pollinate the environment.
2-We
2-We should make greater use of the sun as a frame of energy in the future.
3-If
3-If you need another information, please call me.
4-Fossil
4-Fossil fuels are founded under the ground.

12
 5-Scientists
5-Scientists are looking for other series of energy.
6-Geophysical
6-Geophysical energy is the energy we get from the heat inside the earth.
7- Doctors are under increasing pleasure to work longer hours.
8-We
8-We used for all the bread. Could you buy some when you go out?
9-A
9-A lot of countries depend of nuclear power.
10-I
10-I have a bath every another day.
11-He
11-He arrived school at 7.30.
12-It
12-It isn't matter what you do, as long as you don't harm others.
13- Don't use off all the milk, we need some for
14-Some
14-Some people are more cooperative than another.
15-How
15-How much is it from here to Cairo? – About 400 km.
Choose the correct answer:
1- Houses (design – have designed – are designed – are designing) to be warm in winter and cool
in summer.
2- Our car (is being repaired – is repairing – has repaired – will repair) this week.
3- They (were built – will be built – have been built – built) these flats in 1965.
4- The car (drives – was driving – was being driven – will drive) too fast.
5- We (have invited – will invite – has invited – have been invited) to a party at the weekend.
6- The headmaster (had been warned – had warned – is warned – will be warned) the students
about being late for school.
7- I expect we (will be told – will tell – have told – had told) where to go.
8- Charles Dickens (writes – is written – was written – wrote) Gullivers' Travels a long time ago.
9- He (has sold – will sell – was selling – sold) the car for 10,000 pounds last week.
10- The bus (was broken – broke – breaks – has been broken) down yesterday.
11- They turned and (were run – have been run – ran – running) when they saw us coming.
12- This picture (painted – was painted – is painted – has been painted) by my friend last week.
13- Before roads (were building – built – were built – have been built) across the desert, few visitors
came to this town.
14-A 78-year old man has been won this year's prize for crime fiction.
15-A terrible thing was happened yesterday.
16-The sun is risen in the east.
17-A famous tennis player is believed to be hurting after a city centre road accident.
18-It is believed that young children can be teaching languages at school.
19-A new pyramid at Saqqara has found by archaeologists.
20-Nobody saw near the crime scene.
Test on Unit 3
1- Respond to the following situations:
1-You are doing a survey about energy in your town. You would like to ask someone some questions. Explain
the situation.
2-You want to know about a friend's energy-saving habits. What do you ask?
3-You hear someone use a word you do not understand. The word is "hydroelectric". What do you ask?
4-Someone asks you how you usually travel to school every day. How do you reply?
2- Say where these mini-dialogues take place and who the speakers are: (June, 2008)
1. A. How old is this mummy?
B. It's about 4000 years old.
--------------------- : Place
2- A: How would you like to pay for this suit, sir?
Speaker A: ---------------
B: By credit card
Speaker B : ---------------
A: Well. Shall I put it in a bag for you, sir?
Function : ----------------
B: Yes, please.

3- Choose the correct answer from a, b, c or d

1-You send a liquid or gas through a (pipe – hole – type – bump) to move it to another place.
2-Electricity is produced in a (tower – Flour – Power – Sour) station.
3-(Pressure – Friction – Treasure – Leisure) is the force produced when two things push against each other.
4-(Diesel – Oil – Petrol – Coal) is a hard black fossil fuel from underground.
13
5-When atoms are split, (nuclear – hydroelectric – solar – biological) energy is produced.
6-If you make rock or metal very hot, it becomes (melted – solidified – frozen – molten).
7-Water is the (liquid – gaseous – solid - hard) form of ice.
8-Water passing through a dam produces (atmospheric – phosphoric – hydroelectric - prehistoric) power.
9- The buses (are running – runs – run – running) less frequently on Sundays.
10-He usually (gets – is getting – has got – to get) home about 6 o'clock.
11-Your health (has been - is – had been – are) generally good, but you do have a few minor problems.
12-He (waters – has watered – is watering – had watered) at the moment.
13-As soon as he (gets – had got – will get – is getting) the cheque, he will pay his debt.
14-I (understood - understand – am understanding – was understanding) everything now.
15-After he (do – is doing – has done – had done) the shopping, he will visit a friend.
16-Trees are sometimes (blow – blew – blown – blows) down in the night.
4- Find the mistakes in each of the following sentences then write them correctly:
1- She is being in London now.
2-His house is heating by the sun.
3-We are used petrol in our cars.
4-Wind turbines along the Red Sea in Egypt exaggerate large amounts of electricity.
5-Nuclear power produces dangerous waist.
6-Energy from the sun is the best form of readable energy.
5- Read the following passage then answer the questions: (June, 2008)
Picture the scene: a young woman is walking to her car in a multi - storey car park late at night. Suddenly, a
man jumps out at her from behind a column. She performs some fancy moves, kicks him and while he is on
the floor, she jumps into her car and drives away unharmed.
This scenario should teach you three important things: real life is nothing like in films; never walk alone at
night whether you are a man or a woman, and most importantly use your brain and not your body to defend
yourself against an attack.
Staying safe is all about not putting yourself in a dangerous situation. Avoid a potential attack before it
happens by using your common sense. This means don't go out alone at night, stay in well lit areas, make
sure someone always knows where you are, walk with confidence and carry a mobile phone with you.
Basically, don't make yourself a target. Attackers look for people who are vulnerable.
If you do find yourself in a dangerous situation, where you are being threatened, try and defuse it. That is,
try not to make the situation worse by trying to fight. The best defence is to remove yourself from the
situation. Calmly walk away, run as fast as you can, or eventually you can use your force.
A. Answer the following questions:
1. What is the writer's purpose in writing this text ?
2. What precautions should we take to avoid dangerous situations ?
3. What does the writer mean by: "common sense"
4. How should a person react when he feels threatened ?
B. Choose the correct answer:
5- Attackers look for people who -------------------.
a) have mobile phones. b) are confident.
c) are aware of their surroundings. d) are easy targets.
6- You may use your physical force -----------------------.
a) at the beginning of the attack b) as a second solution
c) at the end of the attack d) after you run away
7- A person who is unable to protect himself is ----------------------.
a) potential b) lazy c) defenseless d) unharmed
D- Writing
8- Write a paragraph of about 100 words on the following subject: (June, 2008)
The various ways through which people can keep good health and fitness
9- A)Translate into Arabic: (June, 2008)
Egypt aims at attracting Arab and foreign capital for investment. So, the Egyptian government should
encourage setting up new factories for modern industries. It should also develop the existing ones.
B) Translate into English:
14
 .‫نحن نعيش اآلن في عصر االتصاالت الذي جعل العالم عالما مفتوحا‬ -1
‫كثير من أنواع النبات و الحيوان سوف تنقرض بسبب التلوث‬ -2
1-The Vocabulary of Unit ( 4) :Writers and Stories
competition (writing- reading -) ‫ منافسة‬/ ‫ مسابقة‬develop / style (easy) ‫ ينمى \ أسلوب‬- ‫يطور‬
old-fashioned ‫ موضة قديمة‬district (in .. / of ‫) اسم مدينه‬ ‫حى فى مدينه‬
routine (daily , fixed‫) ثابت‬ ‫ روتين شخصى‬establish ( him) ‫ يرسخ‬- ‫ يثبت‬- ‫ يؤسس‬-
attachments ( e -mails) )‫ مرفقات ( األيميل‬law / prize / at midday ‫قانون \ جائزة \ فى منتصف اليوم‬
publisher / custom ) ‫ ناشر \ عادة (مجتمع‬pioneer ( one of the ) ‫رائد‬
daily , weekly routine ‫ اسبوعى‬-‫ روتين يومى‬average of / diplomat ‫متوسط \ دبلوماسى‬
v to be + made into a film ‫ يتحول الى فيلم‬literature ( English –Arabic ) ‫األدب‬
confused \confusing ‫ مرتبك \ ارتباك‬career (long) ‫الحياة المهنية – فتره عمل طويله‬
Unit ( 5) : Agatha Christie
amnesia (not remembering) ‫ فقدان الذاكرة‬identity/identify-develop ‫ يتعرف على هوية يطور‬-‫الهوية‬
excavate\ excavation ‫ يحفر \ التنقيب‬- ‫ ينقب‬innocent # guilty / set free ‫ مذنب \ يطلق سراح‬# ‫برئ‬
mousetrap (catch a mouse ) ‫ مصيدة فئران‬invade/invasion / secret agent ‫يغزو \ غزو \ عميل سرى‬
crime )‫ جريمه عامة(بدون نكرة‬spy / spy on / betray home ‫جاسوس\ يتحسس على\يخون وطن‬
shy) (shyness‫ ) الخجل‬/ leader ‫ خجول بطبعة\ قائد‬suspect (main ) ‫ يشتبه فى‬/ ‫شخص مشتبه فيه‬
headquarters ‫ المقر الرئيسى‬/ ‫ مركز القيادة‬transmitter / transmit ‫ يبث‬- ‫جهاز ارسال \ يرسل‬
commit/do + (a crime of murder‫)قتل‬ ‫ يرتكب‬running play/without break ‫مسرحية معروضة\بدون راحة‬
instead of‫( اسم‬instead( ‫ فاعل‬+‫ بدال من ( ذالك) فعل‬poison (kill)/poisonous /at the age of ‫سم \ سام \ فى سن‬
perform ‫ يؤدى‬- ‫ يجرى‬-)‫ يمثل (مسرحية – فيلم‬crime fiction /invent (style) ‫قصص الجرائم الخيالية\ يؤلف‬
3- Language Notes:
graduat from )‫يتخرج من (كليه‬ include)‫ يشمل ( قبلها الكل وبعدها جزء‬habit(s) )‫(خاصة بشخص‬ ‫عادة‬
graduat in (law) ‫ يتخرج في مادة كذا‬contain) ‫يحتوى على ( بعدها الكل‬ customs ) ‫عادات مجتمع ( في مناسبات‬
a graduate of ) ‫ خريج ( جامعه – كليه‬enclose ( ‫ يرفق ( شيء مع الخطاب في‬traditions )‫تقاليد قديمه (من الماضي‬
abroad ‫ بالخارج‬shy (about)‫خجول بطبعه‬ routine ‫روتين (ما يفعلة الشخص يوميا)ا‬
aboard ‫ طائره‬/ ‫ مركب‬/‫ على ظهر سفينة‬ashamed ( of) ‫خجول لعمل خطأ‬ red tape ‫روتين حكومى‬
competition)‫ منافسه ( القراءه– تجاره‬based on ‫ قائم على –معتمد على‬suspect‫ يشك‬/ the suspect‫المشبوة‬
race) ‫ سباق ( سيارت – دراجات – جرى‬based in ‫مقره فى – مقيم فى مكان‬ susptious ‫ شكاك‬/ suspetion ‫الشك‬
insist on = persist in + v+ ing ‫يُصر على‬ ● by + ( car, bus, train ,taxi( ( ‫مع جميع المواصالت‬
decided to ‫ \مصدر‬that ‫ فاعل‬+ ‫فعل‬ ‫يقرر‬ ‫ ● بدون نكره وال معرفه‬on + (foot -a/the bus,train,
v be+determined to ‫ مصدر يعزم على \ يصمم على‬ship,horse) ● in + (a\the taxi, car)
4- Prepositions
the pioneer of .. ( the father of.. ) ‫ رائد فى \ أب لـ‬a strong believer in ‫مؤمن قوى بـ‬
expert on (in) ‫ خبير فى‬graduated in law )‫يتخرج فى القانون ( كلية الحقوق‬
make into a film ‫ يحولها الى فيلم‬at midday ‫فى منتصف النهار‬
a district of + ‫مدينة‬ ‫ حى فى‬come out = publish ‫ينشر – يوزع – يظهر‬
a collection of ‫ مجموعة من‬think of ...as ‫يفكرفيها كـ‬
cut down ( trees) ‫ يقلل‬- ‫ يقطع‬full of / give in ‫مليئ بـ \ يسلم شيئ باليد‬
refer to \ go out ‫ يشير الى \ بنطفى للنور‬happy with / type onto (on) ‫سعيد بـ \ يطبع على‬
spy on ‫ يتجسس على‬on the way back to ‫فى طريق عودته الى‬
shy about ‫ خجول من‬without the help of ‫بدون مساعده‬
embarrassed \ shy bout ‫ محرج من \ خجول بطبعة‬on the coast of / at the age of ‫على ساحل \ فى سن‬
ashamed of )‫ خجول من ( لعمل خطأ‬compare ….with / compare ..to ‫يقارن مع \ يشبة‬
hidden in ‫ مختبئ فى‬on her second trip ‫فى رحلتها الثانيه‬
lock in ‫ فى‬....‫ يحبس فى \ يغلق على‬plan for \ talk to ‫يخطط من أجل \ يتحدث مع‬
transmit a message to ‫ يبث \يرسل رساله لـ‬save …from ‫ينقذ من‬
pass on information ‫ ينقل معلومات‬bring about ‫ يُحدث‬/ ‫يسبب‬
catch (keep) up with ‫ يواكب‬- ‫ يساير‬make changes to ‫يعمل تغيرات لـ‬
get on # get off ‫ ينزل‬# ‫ يركب‬look right for the part ‫يبدو مناسبا للدور‬
without a break ‫ بدون راحة‬work on excavation ‫يعمل في التنقيب‬

15
 5- Some verbs can go with some nouns
 give experiences,position, give me a  Develop a new style
headache ‫صداع‬,advice to  won a prize for * take : control of
 do a crime,a project on  make a new product , available‫متاح‬
 as work, began, established  establish him‫ يرفع من شأنة‬, a project
 transmit a messages,waves  solve a crime, a problem
6- Grammmar unit (4-5)
‫ ( هو أقدم الحدثين‬had + pp ) ‫الماضى التام يتكون من‬ ( have/ has + pp ) : ‫المضارع التام‬
*After/as soon as\when ‫ ماض تام‬,‫ماض بسيط‬ ‫يتكون من‬ ( v have+pp‫( )توضع بين‬already, just
=Having+pp , ever,never) ‫ ( عالما تة‬since,for ,so far,yet,lately,
* ( didn't(‫ مصدر ماضي بسيط منفى‬till \until ‫ماضي تام‬
recently,up till now) ‫ومع‬
* It wasn't until ‫ ماضى بسيط‬that ‫ماضى بسيط‬
* )‫ ماضى بسيط (الحدث الثانى‬because \as ‫ماضى تام (الحدث‬ *Yet( ‫\)اخر السؤال والنفى‬lately ‫ )) أثبات ونفى‬recently
)‫األول‬ ‫اثبات فقط‬
*Before \ by the time\ when ‫ ماضي تام‬.,… ‫ماضي بسيط‬ Ex We have finishesd .what should we do.
*After \ immediately after \before + v+ ing ( ‫بدون‬ *Since(2005,May,Friday,oclock,last,yesterday,
‫ )فاعل‬,... age)
*No sooner + had + ‫ الفاعل‬+ pp…than ……‫ماض بسيط‬ * For ( year,month,day,week,the
Scarcely + had + ‫ الفاعل‬+ pp …..when.…‫ماض بسيط‬ last,hour,ages,long)
Hardly + had + ‫ الفاعل‬+ pp……..when..…‫ماض بسيط‬ *Since ( ..... ‫ )ماضي بسيط مضارع تام‬/ (‫مضارع تام ا‬
* ‫ الفاعل‬had no sooner + pp …than …‫ماضى بسيط‬ since..)
* When ‫ماضى بسيط‬..……)1( ‫ ماضي تام‬,… )2( ‫ماضي بسيط‬ * It’s ‫مدة‬since ‫ فاعل‬+‫…… ماضى بسيط مثبت‬
( realized \ told \ didn't see \found \missed * ‫وياتى مع‬ * ‫فاعل‬+last + ‫ ماضي بسيط‬in ‫ \سنة‬when \‫ فعل‬+‫فاعل‬
‫ )ماضى تام‬by +‫ ماضى بسيط \ سنه‬in+ ‫ سنه \مضارع تام‬since ‫مدة‬ago
‫سنه‬+) ‫ فاعل‬+haven’t\ has+ p.p since ‫فعل‬+‫ سنة \ فاعل‬/for
( had been + v + ing ) ‫يتكون‬ ‫الماضى التام المستمر‬ ‫مدة‬
‫من‬ Ex. I last visited Luxor when I was on holiday.
- I have not visited Luxor since I was on
( Before \ when \ because +all\ for \ since ‫عالماته هى‬ holiday.
( * (before ‫مع‬never‫ ( )فى السؤال ومع الصفة الثالثة‬ever)
(How long ‫ ماضى تام مستمر‬when \ before ‫ماضى‬
* Have gone to ‫ * ذهب ولم يعد‬Have been to ‫ذهب‬
‫) ?بسيط‬
‫وعاد‬
Ex.Before I arrived, he had been playing for 2
hours. have/has+been+ v+ing ‫المضارع التام المستمر‬
‫ افعال الحواس والتى بعدها عدد او قصيرة توضع فى الماضى‬: ‫لاحظ‬ ‫( يتكون من‬since/ for + still - not - now-all ) ( How
‫تام فقط‬ long ): ‫عالماتة افعال الحواس والتى بعدها عدد او قصيرة‬
‫توضع فى المضارع التام‬
( ‫ للمفرد‬was / ‫ للجمع‬were + v + ing) ‫يتكون الماضى المستمر‬ ‫ مصدر ( عادى‬+ d/ed/ ied) ‫الماضى البسط يتكون من‬
) ‫وكل من‬all , at ,between…and + yesterday/ last) ‫ شاذ‬eat-ate/sleep-slept\cut-cut\ put-put/read
‫العالمات‬ read/set
1-As\while\just as ‫ مستمر‬/ ‫ماضي بسيط‬.....,…‫ماضي مستمر‬ ‫العالمات هى‬: ( didn't + * ‫ينفى الماضي البسيط بـ ( المصدر‬
‫ماضي‬ {Yesterday, last, past, ago, in ‫سنة‬, just now,
‫يأتى الفعالن فى ا لماضي المستمر عندما آليقطع أحدهم األخر‬: ‫الحظ‬. previous, earlier, once, from..to...} ‫ويستخدم‬
* ‫للعادات فى الماضى مثل‬
*When ‫… مستمر ماضى‬, ‫ = ماضي بسيط‬at + ‫اسم‬ ‫{ عاده‬When ‫ ماض‬..‫…أى عالمة من المضارع‬, ‫ماض بسيط‬
-2‫ بدون فاعل‬couldn't\didn't...because*‫مستمر‬ ‫}بسيط‬
While+V+ing *used to ‫مصدر‬/didn't use to ‫ مصدر‬/did ‫ فاعل‬use to
*During+ ‫اسم‬, = While ‫ فعل فى الماضى المستمر‬+ ‫فاعل‬ ‫?مصدر‬
*When ‫ فاعل‬+ ‫ = فعل‬On + v+ing ..,………… ‫ الحظ عاقل‬v to be+used to+ v+ing ‫عاده مستمرة فى‬
Ex On seeing him ,I remembered that we had met ‫المضارع‬
before How long ago did……? = When did……………?
" When " ‫ً قواعد‬ Passive ‫ المبنى للمجهول‬SM : Nassif

16
1. When ‫مضارع بسيط \ أمر \ مستقبل بسيط‬, ‫مضارع بسيط‬ ‫ ) المفعول كفاعل‬+ v to be + pp + by + ‫الفاعل‬
2. When ‫ مستمر ماضى‬..……,… ‫ماضي بسيط‬ ‫) كمفعول‬
3. When .........‫ماضى بسيط‬, ‫ماضي بسيط‬..... V to be ‫ { حسب الزمن‬am-is are ‫\ مضارع بسيط‬was-
(‫) ومع عالمات المضارع ( )حدثين معا مثل العادة‬ were ‫ \ ماضي بسيط‬v to be + being ‫ \ األزمنة المستمرة‬to
4. When = after‫ ماضي بسيط‬..…, ..…… ‫ماضي تام‬ have + been \ ‫ في التام الفعل الناقص‬+ be \
5. It was only when ‫ ماضي تام‬that ‫ماضي بسيط‬ ‫ناقص‬+have + been )
= It wasn't until ‫ ماضي تام‬that ‫ماضي بسيط‬ ‫ا‬a) It + v to be + p + that ‫ فاعل * الحظ‬+ ‫فعل‬
6. When ‫ ماضى بسيط‬, ( ‫فاعل‬found\realized\didn't ‫الفرق بين‬
hear\ didn't see\missed)… ‫ماضى تام‬ b) ‫ الفاعل‬+ v to be+p p + to‫) مضارع\ مستقبل ) مصدر‬
7. ‫ ماضى تام مستمر‬when+(for\since\suddenly) ‫ماضى‬ ‫ الفاعل‬+ v to be+p p + to have + pp‫) ) ماضى \ تام‬
‫بسيط‬ *(reported–believed-alleged-said-thought-
expected)
.Ex It is expected that he will win
.He is expected to win
.He was thought to have won
Unit4
:Exercises on Vocabulary and Language Notes
1.Magdi Yacoub was one of the first heart transplant (engineers – mountaineers – pioneers – volunteers).
2.Scientists are paid to (build – develop – arrive – hide) new medicines every year to help people.
3.In my grandfather's village, they still follow the same traditional (customs – classics – reactions –
observations) that he used to follow when he was a boy.
4.My sister loves clothes and buys very (changeable – believable - fashionable – comparable) dresses.
5. The flight attendant welcomed us (aboard – abroad – broad – broaden).
6.A (diplomat - publisher – partner – performer) is someone who produces books, newspapers or magazines.
7.My parents gave me a (coronation – competition – recommendation – collection) of modern short stories
for my birthday.
8.Yehia Haqqi was an important twentieth century (writer – plumber – teacher – surgeon).
9.To (deepen – drop – develop - envelop) is to make a new product or idea successful.
10.(Habits – Cultures – Civilizations - Customs) are things that people do because they are traditional.
11.All people must (obey – break – destroy – damage) the law.
12.A (biologist – beginner – pioneer - bystander) is one of the first people to do something that others will
continue.
13.A (district – strict – constrict - stick) is an area of a town or city.
14.He cannot work because of his (ability – facility – flexibility - disability).
15.The government has promised to provide more money to help (homeless – homes – the homeless –
home).
16.Some people believe that (experiments – experience – experiences – examples) on animals should be
banned.
17.I had several bad (experiences – experience – experiments – extensions) during my last trip.
18.There was nobody in the house (rather than – other than – otherwise – other) Ali.
19.Brazil (earns – wins – pays - buys) millions of pounds a year from coffee exports.
20.Winning the gold medal at the Olympics was the highlight of his (jobs – works – career – profession).
21.I haven't had a steady (career – job – work – profession) since last March.
22.The homeless often (live – is living – lives – living) on the streets.
23.Which team do you (export – import – support – report)?
24.I'll e-mail my report to you as an (attachment – amendment – adjustment – appointment).
25.There have been significant computer (attachments – appointments - developments – agreements) during
the last decade.
26.It's difficult for a small supermarket to (compete – impede – complete – correct) with the big
supermarkets.
27.This book is a work of (infection – perfection - fiction – affection) and not intended as a historical
account.
28.He is regarded as one of the (heads – bosses - supervisors – pioneers) of modern science.
29.He wouldn't try to mislead you. It's not his (style – case – condition – circumstance).

17
 30.Of course robbery is against the (court – judge – lawyer – law).
31.Many doctors want to see a law (allowing – welcoming – banning – rewarding) all tobacco advertising.
32.His first short story (appointed – posted – allowed – established) him as one of the great short story
writers of the Arab world.
33.In my country, it's the (law – custom – rule – regulation) for women to get married in white.
34.I'm looking for a job which will enable me to (develop – depend – replace – deplete) my skills.
35.There's no fixed (career – profession – routine – position) at work – every day is different.
36.Clothing stores face heavy (connection – competition – communication – collaboration) from factory
outlets.
37.Yehia Haqqi was an (expert – experience – experiment – exporter) on Arab culture.
38.The time he spent in different countries gave him (exercises – experiments – experiences – excavations)
that he later used in his writing.
39.His collection of short stories (beat – gained – earned – won) an important prize.
40.As well as (write – writing – wrote – to write) novels, he also translated French literature into Arabic.
:Find the mistakes in each of the following sentences then write it correctly
1-Yehia Haqqi was one of the pioneers of modern Egyptian literary.
2-Yehia Haqqi was born in a poor county of Cairo.
3-Yehia Haqqi is still thought of as the mother of the modern short story and the novel in Egypt.
4-Yehia Haqqi was a strong belief in the power of education.
5-Yehia Haqqi's novels were translated with many languages.
6-Yehia Haqqi was interested in the Arabic language and he developed a new steel of writing.
7-He worked aboard for more than 20 years.
8-Yehia Haqqi's first short story publish in 1925.
9-Yehia Haqqi is a writer of children's infection.
10- The guide offered tourists information on local customary.
11-He spent a three days holiday in Acapulco.
12-His training as a law affected the way he wrote his novels.
13-This price reduction is due to complexion among suppliers.
14-She sent me her photograph as an e-mail detachment.
He wanted to help the poor and the disability
: Choose the correct answer
1- I (used to read-was reading-had read-have read) the newspaper everyday. Now I don’t have the time.
2- As soon as he (takes-has taken-will take-had taken) the photograph, he showed it to his friend.
3- I (was taken-took-was taking-had taken) to a football match at the weekend.
4- I (already saw-have already seen-had already seen-was already seeing) the film before I read the book.
5- What (did you do-were you doing-have you done-do you do) when I called you?
6- I (have had-had-had had-was having) my own computer for three years now.
7- While I (did-was doing-have done-doing) my homework, my sister was listening to music.
8- The windows at school (cleaned-were cleaning-were cleaned-had cleaned) this morning.
9- We (told-were telling-have told-were told) to give in our homework on Tuesday.
10- I (enjoy-was enjoying-enjoyed-have enjoyed) reading novels since I was a young child.
11- Yesterday, my sister gave me a book she (had finished-has finished-finished-was finished) reading the day
before.
12- The parcel (delivered-was delivering-was delivered-had delivered) when I was reading the newspaper.
13- I (used to read-was reading-had read-have read) at least one book a week, but now I don’t read so many.
14- I’ve played football (since-for-ago-from) five years.
15- We (haven’t decided-didn’t decide-hadn’t decided-don’t decide) what to do for the holidays yet.
16- At the age of seven, my parents (are taking-were taking-took-take) me to Jordan.
17- Someone phoned me while I (cook-was cooked-am cooking-was cooking) the dinner.
18- Something is wrong with his car, so he (has taken-has been taken-was taken-is being taken) it to the garage.
19- I (have seen-saw-would see-was seen) him a few days ago.
20- Hamlet (wrote-had written-was written-was writing) by Shakespeare.
21- I used to (drove-drive-driving-driven) very slowly. I drive faster now.
22- He didn’t (use-using-uses-used) to need much sleep. He does now.
23- Somebody phoned me while the dinner (was cooking-was being cooked-cooked-had been cooked).
18
24- While father (was reading-read-had read-has read) the paper, mother was cooking dinner.
25- Where did you (used-using-use-uses) to play when you were young?
: Find the mistakes in each of the following sentences then write them correctl
1- Twenty million people saw the new film already.
2- My parents use to live in a small flat in the city centre.
3- Yesterday evening, we revised for our English test when all the lights went out.
4- I attend this school for five years.
5- Our school was opening exactly 25 years ago today.
6- She played the piano since the age of six and she still plays every day.
7- Our block of flats build five years ago.
8- Five trees cut down a week ago.
9- Yesterday evening, the programme watched by a million people.
10- Did you used to play with dolls?
11- I have seen him yesterday.
12- The washing machine delivers while I was reading the newspaper.
13- I am used to reading at least one book a week, but now I don't read so many.
14- While I come to school today, I met an old friend.
15- The room clean when the earthquake happened.
Unit5 .
:Choose the correct answer
1.Working as a secret (doctor – guide – engineer – agent) in a foreign country can be a very dangerous job.
2.In many countries, people have to carry an identity (card – letter – message – postcard) to prove who they
are.
3.In Britain in the 1940s, people were afraid of an (innovation - invasion – invention – inflation) by the
enemy.
4.The Romans (faded – deviated – applied – invaded) Britain in 43 BCE.
5.We saw a lot of photographs, but we couldn't (qualify – solidify – liquefy – identify) the man we'd met.
6.How did the man (deprive – improve - prove – devote) his innocence?
7.The enemy used radios to (transmit – spend – try – develop) messages to their ships.
8.They (inspected – respected - suspected – exerted) that the driver had been going very fast at the time of the
accident.
9.A (suspect – detective – survivor - surgeon) is a person you think may have done a crime.
10.Someone who is not guilty is (adolescent –innocent – crescent - accomplice).
11.A (counter – interpreter – thermomter - transmitter) is equipment that sends radio signals.
12.(Deviation – Confusion – Aviation - Invasion) means entering another country to take control.
13.(Headquarters – Headbands – Headlights - Headmasters) is the place from which a company is controlled.
14.A (director – producer – consumer - spy) is a person who finds out information about another country or
organisation.
15.(Depression – Amnesia – Fever - Anaemia) is being unable to remember things.
16.A (trap – trick – truck - mousetrap) is equipment for catching and killing mice.
17.(Poison – Poisonous – Poisoning - Poisoned) is something that may kill you if you eat or drink it.
18.(Cooperative – Shy – Patient - Cheerful) means nervous and embarrassed about talking to other people.
19.The crime of killing someone is called (blender – border – murder - boiler).
20.In his later life, he suffered from (paralysis – amnesia – cancer - rheumatism). He was unable to remember
things.
21.She has taken part in several (excavations – exercises – exceptions - extensions) of Roman settlements
across Europe.
22.The three men were convicted of (murdered – murdering – being murdered - murder).
23.He tried to kill himself by taking (vegetable – fruit – poison - protein).
24.The company decided to move its (home – house – flat - headquarters) to another city.
25.When the children met the queen, they were too (active – shy – lazy - helpful) to speak.
26.He had lost his (honesty – enmity – identity - legality) card and was being questioned by the police.
27.The police found out that the man was (innocent – guilty – criminal - shy) of the crime, so they released
him.
28.She never went to school. (Included – Instead – Installed – Indebted) she was taught at home.
19
 29.The man's strange behaviour made the police (envious – jealous – suspicious - fabulous) of him.
30.There was something wrong with the (chapter – disaster – fighter –transmitter), but the technician managed
to fix it.
31.If you (do – make – have – act) a crime, you must expect to be punished.
32.(Geology – Biology – Archaeology- Meteorology) is the study of the buried remains of ancient times.
33.He was seriously (wounded – buried – handed - rammed) by an enemy bullet.
34.She took the (impress – depress – reckless - express) train to London.
35.The police have (evident – evidence – affluence - challenge) that the killer was a woman.
36.The marks of the prisoner's fingers on the gun (believed – disbelieved – proved - bored) that he was the
guilty man.
37.The prisoner will be (stay – set – sit - slip) free next week.
38.She's always (trying – dying – crying - spying) on her neighbours.
39.The police found the radio transmitter (hide – hiding – hidden to hide) in the bathroom.
40.He stayed in a small hotel (on – of – with - in) the coast.
:Find the mistakes in each of the following sentences and write them correctly
1-The
1-The government employed two secret accountants to get information about other countries.
2- The police are trying to discover the density of a baby found by the side of a road.
3-She
3-She lives in a big house over locking the sea.
4- Finding the spies will help to save the country from indication.
5-In
5-In the way back to his hotel, he was arrested by the police.
6-All
6-All the hostages were finally split free.
7-With
7-With everyone's surprise, the young girl won the competition.
8-This
8-This new evidence will prove the old man's innocent.
9- He fell in the river but his friend deceived him from drowning.
10-She
10-She was too spy to ask anyone for help.
11- The site has been executed by archaeologists.
12-The
12-The room was 3 metres width.
13-He
13-He travelled by his brothers' car.
14-He
14-He consisted milk and butter on his shopping list.
15- Since tiring from the company, she has done voluntary work for a charity.
: Choose the correct answer
1-The Mousetrap (wrote-was written-has been written-is written) as a radio play in 1947.
2-Millions of people all over the world (watch-have watched-watched-are watching) the 2008 Olympic
Games.
3-Agatha Christie’s books (translated-were translating-have been translating-were translated into more than
40 languages.
4-Petra (was captured-captured-has been captured-has captured) by the Romans in AD 106.
5-The Eiffel Tower (was designed-designed-have been designed-was designing) by Gustave Eiffel in 1889.
6-The Cairo Metro (used-is using-is used-was using) by about two million passengers everyday.
7-Many of Agatha Christie’s stories (made-is made-have been made-have made) into films and TV
programmes.
8-English and Arabic (are spoken-is spoken-are speaking-is speaking) in most tourist offices.
9-It (believes-is believed-is believing-has believed) that schools teach languages to younger students.
10-It (reported-has reported-is reporting-has been reported) that archaeologists have found a new Pyramid at
Saqqara.
11-A famous tennis player is believed to (be hurt-hurt-have hurt-is hurt) after a city centre road accident.
12-We can't possibly allow the antiques (to sell-to be sold-to be selling-to being sold) abroad.
13-In Japan buildings (have construct-are constructing-are constructed-had constructed) to withstand
earthquakes.
14-The Cairo Metro (may be extended-may extend-may be extending-may have extended) from Imbaba to
Cairo airport.
15-A lot of money (is spending-spends-has spent-is being spent) on education.
16-Alexander Fleming (invented-was invented-has been invented-had been invented) penicillin.
17-Pelé (said-is said-has said-had said) to be the greatest footballer.
18-Churchill (considered-has considered-is considering-is considered) the greatest British statesman.
20
19-A box of chocolates was given (at-for-to-with) Amanda.
20-A letter (is being written-is written-is writing-was written) at the moment.
21-The statue (has carved-will be carved-has been carved-was carved) out of stone by the ancient Egyptians.
22-People (say-are said-have been said-were said) that he is a spy.
23-When he returned home, he found that all his money (had stolen-had been stolen-are stolen).
24-I don’t mind (being helped-helping- being helping-am helped) by people.
25-The whole village (damaged-got damaged-was damaging-has damaged) by an earthquake.
26-More oil (may find-may be found-may be finding-may be find).
27-Don’t let yourself (be deceived-be deceiving-deceive-to deceive) by others.
28-The law must never (break-broken-be breaking-be broken).
29-Hamlet was written (in-on-by-to) Shakespeare.
30-Ali (didn’t see-wasn’t seen-doesn’t see-hasn’t see) at the party yesterday.
: Rewrite using the word(s) in brackets to give the same meaning
1- This year’s prize for crime fiction has won by a 78-year-old man.
2- Three hundred million people were seen the last World Cup Final on TV.
3- One of our classroom windows have been broken.
4- It now know that Egypt was visited by increasing numbers of visitors last year.
5- Japanese will be speaking at the meeting.
6- Care should take when working on electrical equipment.
7- People must not be left bicycles in the driveway.
8- Lunch was being serve when we arrived.
9- They are going to be built a new factory in Portland.
10-They were being painting the house when I arrived.
11-America was discovered by Christopher Columbus.
12-Television was invent by John Logie Baird.
13-Someone has been broken the window.
14-The paper might not have written.
15-The bedrooms have to clean.
16- The company might be hired ten new employees.
17- He is thought to is a genius.
18-When Tom arrived, he found that his shop had broken into.
19-He will give a prize by the teacher.
20-I remember being giving advice by my father.
21-He has never be accused of cheating.
22-My car has damaged in the car park.
23-Money is being collecting money for children in need.
24-The date of the meeting will have to change.
25- She will have been finished her work by eight o’clock in the evening.
26- The bank robbers will get catch by the police.
27- Who are going to invited to your wedding party?
28- He doesn't let himself cheat.
29- I hate being telling what to do.
30- I want to be tell me the truth.
Test on Unit 4
1- Respond to the following situations:
1- A friend asks for your opinion about modern novels.
2- Someone asks you what you were doing at six o'clock yesterday evening,
3- Someone asks you what you think the best thing is about short stories. Give your opinion.
4- A friend asks you what you used to read when you were five.
2- Say where these mini-dialogues take place and who the speakers are:
1- A: I'd like an extension of stay, please.
B: How long have you been here?
A: Six months.
B: How long would you like to extend your stay? --------------------- : Place
Speaker A: ---------------
21
Speaker B : ---------------
 A: 3 months.
2) A: I'd like to get a visa to England, please?
B: How long would you like to stay there?
A: Six months.
3- Choose the correct answer:
1.Early black and white photos show people in (old-fashioned / ancient fashioned / new fashioned / torn) clothes.
2.The Sun is at its strongest at (midnight – midyear – dawn – midday).
3.I do not really have a (protein - routine – valentine – bulletin) during the holidays.
4.My friend and I are going to enter an athletics (connection – combination – competition – compression). We
all hope to win something.
5.I sent an e-mail with two (attachments – attainments – developments – adjustments) . They were photos of my
friends.
6.I really enjoyed this book. It is written in a very simple (direction – establishment – style – location).
7.Yehia Haqqi came from a poor (district – restrict – instinct – distinct) of Cairo.
8.My brother wants to be a lawyer when he graduates, so he's studying (low - law – blow – throw) at university.
9.The windows at school (have to clean – were cleaned – cleaned – has been cleaned) this morning.
10.My father (is taking – has taken – took – takes) me to the football match two days ago.
11.We (told – are telling – was told – were told) to give in our homework on Thursday.
12.There was a strong smell and the sound of frying. Obviously Mrs. Jones (cooks – was cooking – has cooked
– was cooked) fish.
13.While the guests (were dancing – dance – have danced – had danced), thieves broke into the house and stole
a lot of money.
14.How long (you know – do you know – have you known – you knew) Mr. Ahmed? –For ten years.
15.We (miss – had missed – are missing – have missed) the bus. Now, we'll have to walk.
16.After the room (paint – was painting – is painted – had been painted), they decorated it.
4- Find the mistakes in each of the following sentences then write it correctly:
1.He wrote two collisions of short stories.
2.Yehia Haqqi developed a new steel of writing which is respected today.
3.He is going to enter a reading commission and he is hoping to win it.
4.Before he left the country, he has paid all his debts.
5.While he is being in London, he went shopping.
6.She doesn't receive the prize yet.
5-Read the passage and answer the questions: (August, 2008)
Gold is a rare metal with a lovely glowing colour. It is easy to be shaped, and it is not affected by air or
water. As gold is so soft, it can be beaten into very thin
-sheets and it can also be drawn out into very fine wires. Gold is, therefore, an excellent material for
making beautiful objects such as jewellery.
Moreover, the ancient Egyptians prized gold so much that they believed that gold belonged only to their
kings, so they buried many precious gold objects in their pharaohs' tombs, and we can see many of them
in the museums today. The Egyptians were very clever goldsmiths as they could beat gold into sheets.
The gold which is used to make jewellery is usually mixed with other metals. This not only makes the
gold jewellery cheaper, but also harder. Because it was scarce and therefore valuable, gold was formerly
used as money. Many countries keep bars of gold in banks. They can change this gold into money by
selling it to other countries. About two thirds of all the gold in the world is kept in this way.
Gold is usually buried deep underground. It can also be found in rivers and seas, but it would cost far
more money to be extracted than the gold is worth.
A-Answer the following questions:
1-Why is gold considered an excellent material for making beautiful objects?
2-What did the ancient Egyptians do with gold? Why?
3-Where is gold usually found?
B-Choose the correct answer:
4-Many countries keep bars of gold in banks so as to -------------------.
a) keep it away from thieves b) change them into money
c) buy jewellery d) beat them into thin sheets
22
 5-The word "prized" means ------------------.
a) rewarded b) handed
c) valued d) sold
D- Writing
8- Write a letter to your friend Tamer who has been ill in hospital for three weeks. Your name is Samy.
9- A)Translate into Arabic: (August 2008)
Sports and games play an important role in building up the body and the character. Through sports, young
people find an outlet to their energies. So, the government spares no effort to encourage sports.
B): Translate into English
.‫ يجب علي الوالدين توجيه ورعاية أبنائهم ليواصلوا رحلة الحياة بأمان‬-1
. ‫ ندرة المياه قد تكون سببا في اندالع الحروب بين الدول في المستقبل‬-2
Test on Unit 5
1- Respond to the following situations:
1-A friend asks for your advice about keeping fit. Advise him.
2-You want some advice from a friend about how you can eat more healthily. What do you ask?
3-A friend wants to meet new people, but he/she is very shy. Make a recommendation.
4-Ask your teacher for advice about how to do well in the next English test.
2-Say where these mini-dialogues take place and who the speakers are: (June, 2007)
A: I'd like to know what is on today.
B: It's an action film
A: When does the last performance start? --------------------- : Place
B: At 12 p.m. Speaker A: ---------------
A: OK. Book me a seat, please Speaker B : ---------------
Function : ----------------
A: Please fasten your seat belt, sir.
B: OK. Can I have a drink, please?
A: Sorry, sir. You'll have to wait until we take off.
3- Choose the correct answer:
1. Many children are (ashamed – shy – afraid – hungry) about talking to their teacher when they first go
to school.
2. All the fish in the river have died. Someone must have put (poisoning – poisonous – poison – pension)
in the water.
3- A man has been found dead in the road. The police think it was an accident, not a (chance – murder –
incident – joke).
4- He banged his head and is now suffering from (memory – amnesia – amnesty – anemia).
5- After they saw the mouse, they decided to put a (mousetrap – moustache – mouthwash – mouse mat) in the
kitchen.
6- Archaeologists are planning a new (extension – explanation – expansion – excavation) in the south of the
country.
7- Police are looking for someone who stole a car yesterday. The main (suspense – suspicion – suspect –
crime) is a man in his forties.
8- They are using a very powerful (meter – informer – transport – transmitter) to send signals to the astronauts.
9- The Mousetrap (wrote – was written – has been written – is written) as a radio play in 1947.
10- Naguib Mahfouz's books (have translated – translated – was translated – have been translated) into many
languages.
11- Millions of people all over the world (watch – have watched – watched – are watching) the 2008 Olympic
Games .
12- English (speaks – has spoken – is spoken – speaking) in many countries all over the world.
13- It is now (to know – known – has known – being known) that Egypt was visited by increasing numbers of
tourists last year.
14- While his hair (has been cut – had been cut – was cutting – was being cut), he read an article in a magazine.
15- The road (will repair – has repaired – will be repaired – has to repair) next month.
16- The man (didn't release – wasn't released – hasn't been released – won't be released) until the police had
questioned him.
23
 4- Find the mistakes in each of the following sentences then write them correctly:
1.He was inspected of having done the crime.
2.He has nothing to do with the crime. He is certainly guilty.
3.The little girl was too spy to speak to the stranger.
4.The Eiffel Tower design by Gustave Eiffel in 1889.
5.About two million passengers are used the Cairo metro every day.
6.The last World Cup Final saw on TV by three hundred million people.
5- Read the following passage then answer the questions: (June, 2007)
When people are playing a game, they need to follow the rules. If they don't, the game becomes
disorganised and unfair. If a student ignores a rule against talking in class, the other students can't
concentrate. Drivers who don't follow traffic laws can cause serious accidents.
Most things we do are governed by rules. These may be unwritten, like the "rules" of social politeness, or
official laws passed by parliament and backed up by the legal system. But all rules and laws have the same
purpose - to make it clear what is right or wrong, and what happens if someone breaks the rule. They are
designed to ensure fairness, safety and respect for other people's rights, And in this' way they help us work,
play and live together peacefully.
If there were no rules and everyone was free to do whatever they wanted, most people would probably
behave selfishly. We need rules to help us get along together and show respect for each other.
Most of us are basically honest, and knowing the rules means that we usually try to follow them. One reason
we do this is to avoid punishment, but the strongest argument for following the rules is - quite simply - that
it makes the world a better place for all of us.
A. Answer the following questions
1- What is the common purpose of all rules and laws?
2- What are the types of rules and laws mentioned in the passage?
3- In one sentence (of your own), give your opinion about those who break the rules, and say why.
B. Choose the correct answer:
4- In class, a student should not --------------- the rules.
a) ignore b) govern c) control d) follow
5- Following the rules means that -------------------.
a) we get punished b) we avoid punishment
c) we cause accidents d) we behave selfishly
D- Writing
8- Write a paragraph of about 100 words about: (August, 2008)
A day trip or a school outing that you enjoy
9- A) Translate into Arabic: (June, 2007)
A wise educational policy directs education towards fulfilling the needs of society. It also deals with its
current and future problems. This leads to the welfare of both the individual and the society.
B)Translate into English:
.‫ من حقك أن تعبر عن رأيك بحرية ولكن يجب أن تحترم اآلخرين‬-1
..‫ نقص الغذاء يهدد حياة الماليين من البشر في كل أنحاء العالم‬-2
1-The Vocabulary of Unit (6) :The importance of trees
bark ( outer cover of the tree) ‫ اللحاء‬- ‫ القشرة الخارجية‬products / width ‫ اتساع‬- ‫منتجات \ عرض‬
harden / widen / sharpen ‫ يجعله صلبا \ يوسع \ يسن‬rubber (tyres) ‫مطاط‬
ring ‫ حلقة ثانوية‬sap ( liquid) ‫عصارة النبات‬
extract ‫ يستخلص‬- ‫ يستخرج‬toothpaste ‫معجون أسنان‬
cardboard (box)(stiff thick paper) ‫ كرتون‬/‫ ورق مقوى‬turpentine (remove paint) ‫زيت يستخرج من الشجر‬
instrument (musical) )‫ أداة ( موسيقية – طبية‬calculate ( the age of‫) عمر‬ ‫يحسب‬
leaf / leaves ‫ ورقه شجره \ أوراق الشجر‬branch ‫فرع شجره‬
a set of instructions ‫ مجموعة من التعليمات‬fruit ‫ثمرة – فاكهه‬
breathe / breath ‫ يتنفس – يستنشق \ النفس‬keep ‫شيئ‬away from ‫يبعد شيئ عن‬
harden / in this way ‫ يجعله صلب \بهذه الطريقه‬-‫ ينشف‬roots (under ground -find water) ‫جزور الشجره‬
fall over in the wind ‫ يسقط \ يتمايل أثناء هبوب الرياح‬tubes )‫أنابيب ( تنقل المياه‬
Review B
24
 evergreen trees ‫ شجر دائم الخضره‬found the story confusing ‫لم افهم القصه‬
deciduous trees ‫ شجر يفقد ورقه فى الخريف‬do a survey ‫يعمل احصائيه‬
have a good reason to ‫ عنده مبرر جيد لـ‬like best ‫يحب احسن‬
put down roots = live for a long time ‫ يستقر‬look right(for that part ‫)الجزء‬ ‫يبدو صحيح‬
3- Language Notes:
another+ (- 3‫ اسم مفرد‬days (‫لألرقام‬ can/could = v to able to+ ‫مصدر‬ quiet ‫هاديء‬
the other (‫)فعل مفرد إليه‬ ‫اآلخر‬ v to be + capable of + v + ing quite + ‫ الي حدما‬/ ‫صفة تماما‬
other (+ ‫ \ )اسم جمع‬others + ‫فعل جمع‬ ‫الشيئ‬enable ‫ مفعول‬to ‫مصدر‬ rather ‫الي حدما‬ ‫صفة سلبية‬
each other\one another ‫ كل منهم األخر‬manage to ‫=مصدر‬succeed in +v+ing quit (v) ‫ يغادر‬/ ‫يترك‬
make / made ‫ شيئ‬out of (from) ‫شيئ‬ ‫ وفي حالة عدم وجود حرف جر نستخدم الصفة‬-
made of ‫ مصنوع من ماده التتغير بعد صنع الشيئ) )مصنوع من‬5 inches long / 5 metres high
 made from ‫مصنوع من المادة تتغير أو ال نري المادة األصلية‬ (in) - ‫استخدام االسم بعد حرف الجر‬
 ‫ الشيئ‬is\ are + used to + ‫ مصدر‬/ for + v + ing 5 inches in length / 3 metres in height
‫ الشيئ‬is \ are + used as …for ‫يستخدم كـ‬ * The same ‫ = اسم‬as ‫ صفة درجة اولى‬as
‫صفة‬ ‫األسم‬ ‫الفعل‬ ‫صفة‬ ‫األسم‬ ‫الفعل‬
wide width widen‫يوسع‬ long length lengthen ‫يطول‬
high ‫\شيئ‬tall‫ شجر\ شخص‬height heighten‫ يعلى‬deep depth deepen‫يعمق‬
hard hardness harden ‫ ينشف‬short shortness shorten ‫يقصر‬
sharp sharpness sharpen ‫ يسن‬old age date back ‫يحدد عمر‬
4- Prepositions
make ‫ شيئ‬out of(from) ‫شيئ‬ ‫ من‬...‫ يصنع‬count up / in this way ‫يعد تصاعدى \ بهذه الطريقه‬
keep … away from ‫عن‬... ‫ يبعد‬add...to / wait for ‫ إلى \ ينتظر‬..‫يضيف‬
turn into /busy with‫اسم‬ ‫ يتحول الى \ مشغول‬protect…from / ‫على‬... ‫يحمى من \ يصب‬
pour..on
take in(light-co2)# give out ‫ يخرج‬#‫ يمتص‬made from (sap) ) ‫مصنوع من (عصارة الخشب‬
drill into (wood - tree) ‫ يحفر فى‬surprise to ‫مصدر‬ ‫يندهش أن‬
cut down )‫ يقطع (الشجر‬types of = kinds of = sorts of ‫أنواع من‬
tie the tree to ‫ يربط الشجرة فى‬ice cream is made with ‫مصنوع مع‬
calculate by counting ‫ يحسب بواسطه العد‬refer to\ ‫صفه‬enough for‫مفعول‬to‫مصدر‬ ‫يشيرلـ \كافى‬
press down ‫ يضغط الى أسفل‬succeed in + v + ing ‫بنجح فى‬
breathe in # out )‫ يخرج(زفير‬#)‫ يتنفس(شهيق‬count on = depend on = rely on ‫يعتمد على‬
carry out (instructions) )‫ ينفذ ( التعليمات‬a set of (instructions) )‫مجموعه من (التعليمات‬
carry…from…to ‫ ينقل من الى‬loaded up with ‫محمل بـ‬
go on / put into ‫ يستمر فى \ يوضع فى‬do damage to/ move on ‫يســــــبب تلــــــف\ ينتقــــــل‬
‫لموضوع‬
get better at ‫ يتحسن فى‬make a list of ‫يعمل قائمه لـ‬
take turns to ‫ يأخذ دوره لـ‬along the side of ‫بمحاذاه الطريق لـ‬
connected to ‫ متوصل بـ‬read out / instead of ‫يقرأ بصوت عالى \ بدال من‬
connected with ‫ له صله بـ‬- ‫ مرتبط بـ‬find a solution to ‫يجد حل لـ‬
worth for # better for ‫ أفضل لـ‬# ‫ أسوأ لـ‬.at the end of‫ \ اسم‬In the end‫فاعل‬+‫فعل‬ ‫فى نهايه‬
work on a crime ‫ يعمل على حل جريمه‬one by one ‫واحده بواحده‬
get on the train ‫ يركب – يصعد القطار‬take part in the murder ‫يشارك فى جريمه قتل‬
get on with ‫ على وفاق مع‬a good reason to hate ‫مبرر جيد لـكى يكره‬
point down ‫ ينحنى‬- ‫ يشير الى اسفل‬full on that journey ‫مليئ أثناء تلك الرحله‬
fall off (snow) )‫ يتساقط ( للثلج‬in danger ‫فى خطر‬
come off (leaves) )‫ يتساقط ( لورق الشجر‬How big (the forest)? - ‫ رقم‬km 2 2‫ماحجم ؟ رقم كم‬
,(and)afterwards ‫ وبعد ذالك‬take in = absorb = soak up ‫يمتص‬
refuse to ‫مصدر‬ ‫ يرفض‬give out = produce ‫يخرج‬
purpose of ‫ غرض‬covered by the forest ‫مغطى بالغابات‬
v to be + about to‫مصدر‬ ‫ على وشك أن‬connected with (trees) )‫له عالقه\ صله بـ (الشجر‬
On September 4th ) ‫ سبتمبر‬4 ( ‫ فى يوم‬connected to ( ‫)جهاز‬ ‫متوصل بـ‬
Orient ‫ الشرق‬pick up = select ‫يلتقط – ينقى = يختار األحسن‬

25
 5) Some verbs can go with some nouns
 play instrument ‫أله‬, the piano  give instructions‫ تعليمات‬for , advice
 make rubber, a hole, sure, a list  do damage to , favour‫جميل – معروف‬
 produce chemicals  have this list * Set : rules ‫يحدد قواعد‬
6- Grammar unit ( 6 )
‫ حسب الطرف الثانى والمعنى‬If ‫قاعده‬ Unless = if …not = except if
0) If /when + ..‫مضارع بسط‬ )‫مضارع بسيط ( حقائق العلميه‬ If = when = as long as = providing =
‫الحالة األولى وتستخدم فى المستقبل واألحتمال‬ provided (that) = in case ( ‫تساويها فى الحالة‬
1) If + ‫ فاعل‬,‫ مضارع بسيط‬will, can,may, need to‫مصدر‬ ‫ فاعل ) األولى‬+ ‫فعل‬
If + )‫مصدر (بدون فاعل‬,‫ مضارع بسيط‬/don't ‫فعل أمر ويبدأ بمصدر أو بـ‬ Unless‫فعل‬+ ‫= فاعل‬with out \But for+ v+ing\
‫مصدر‬ ‫اسم‬
If + ‫مضارع بسيط‬, would you mind \could you If ‫ مضارع بسيط‬+ ‫= فاعل‬Should ‫و‬1‫فاعل مصدر حالة‬
please…………? 2))
‫الياتى بعدها مستقبل واذا لم يوجد مضارع بسيط نختار مضارع مستمر\أو‬ If ‫فعل‬+ ‫ = فاعل‬in case of \ by \with + v+ing\
‫مضارع تام‬ ‫اسم‬
\Unless = with out \ But for + v + ing‫اسم‬
0- If ) ‫ مضارع بسيط ( يمكن ان يكون أحد الطرفين مضارع مبنى للمجهول) ( حقائق علمية‬..…… ‫مضارع بسيط‬
Ex If we heat ice, it melts. = If ice is heated, it melts = When you heat ice, it melts.
 If you don't water plants, they fade. = When you don't water plants, they fade.
 If the bark is badly damaged, the tree dies. ( If = When) ‫ الحظ أن‬:
1- If ‫ مضارع بسيط‬... ,will \ may,can\ will be able to\ need to + (‫)فى المستقبل‬ ‫مصدر‬
Ex If they arrive early, they will catch the metro. ( ‫) احتمال‬
 If he plays well, he may win.\ ( ‫ ) احتمال‬If you finish early ,don't leave. ‫ ) )أمر‬If you see him,tell him
 If you study hard, I will buy you a present( ‫ ) وعد‬.Would you mind if I use your pen? ‫) )طلب‬
UNIT6
:Exercises on Vocabulary and Language Notes
1-Many
1-Many boxes are (made of – made in – made by – made from) cardboard.
2-People
2-People put (toothpaste – cream – tablets – pills) on their brush to clean their teeth.
3-Every
3-Every year, the cells under the bark of a tree (hard – herd – harden – burden) and become new wood.
4-This
4-This road is too narrow for all today's traffic, so they are going to (shorten – sharpen – harden – widen) it.
5-That
5-That old bridge over the river is very weak. They will have to (lengthen – strengthen – narrow – weaken) it
soon.
6-The
6-The new trousers are too long, so my mother is going to (broaden – widen – deepen – shorten) them for me.
7-The
7-The knife doesn't cut very well. I need to (weaken – sharpen – harden – widen) it.
8-That
8-That film is so popular that the queues to see it (widen – strengthen - lengthen – long) every day.
9-The
9-The liquid that carries food in trees is called (tap – nap – sap – lap).
10-A
10-A violin is a musical (instrument – equipment – machine – technique).
11-She
11-She used rubber (doves – clubs – gloves – cups) to protect her hands from chemicals.
12-She
12-She has a lot of sports (equipment – styles – techniques - ways) in her house.
13-The
13-The world is trying to find a solution to the problem of (local – regional – universal – global) warming.
14-He
14-He used a paint (remove – removal – removing – remover) to clean his shirt.
15-My
15-My hands (hardened – awakened – broadened – lengthened) when I was working on the farm.
16-We
16-We can determine the (length – width -age – disease) of a tree by counting the rings.
17-We
17-We need 3 test (taps – tips – tubes – tops) for this experiment.
18-Egypt
18-Egypt exports a lot of (conducts – instructs – deducts – products) to other countries.
19-I
19-I (included – excluded – calculated – valued) that we would arrive there at 6. p.m.
20- The oil which is (extracted – retreated – contacted – conducted) from olives is used for cooking.
21-The
21-The garden is 20 metres in (wide – widen – width – the wide).
22-The
22-The scientists couldn't (accumulate – insulate – congratulate – calculate) when the spaceship would reach
the moon.
23-This
23-This firm has (leaves – trunks – branches – roots) in many cities.
24-A
24-A lot of medicines come from tropical (rainforests – rainbows – raindrops – rainfalls).

26
25-The
25-The walls of the house (avoid – protect – absorb – widen) heat during the day.
26-Wheat
26-Wheat grows well on (futile – fertile – file – infertile) soil.
27-Cutting
27-Cutting (in – of – away – down) trees causes damage to the environment.
28-We
28-We should plant more trees (along – beneath – off – above) the sides of streets.
29-Five
29-Five trees fell (on – over – to – in) in the storm.
30- After ten years of travelling around the world, she felt it was time to put down (roots – branches – trunks
– leaves) somewhere.
31-You
31-You have to obey all the (roles – reels – rails – rules) and regulations.
32-The
32-The (weather – climate – atmosphere – sky) was so cold yesterday, so we didn't go out.
33-In
33-In (add – additional – addition – additive) to washing the dishes, she tidied her room.
34-They
34-They (drilled – pulled – called - felled) into the tree and extracted a thin piece of wood.
35-The
35-The (width – health – wealth – filth) of the rings of trees depend on the climate and the amount of rain.
36-Studying
36-Studying the rings of trees shows us (why – when – how much – what) the weather was like hundreds of
years ago.
37-Most
37-Most trees (die – live – grow – reach) bigger every year.
38-In
38-In every tree, there is a circle of soft cells which (harden – drop – stay – go) every spring or summer.
39-The
39-The (tapes – tunnels – tubes – channels) carry water from a tree's roots to its leaves.
40-The
40-The bark (destroys – demolishes – protects – hides) the living part of the tree.
:Find the mistake in each of the following sentences then write it correctly
1-Car
1-Car tyres and the bottoms of some shoes are made from rubber.
2-The tree's leaves help it to take off light from the sun.
3-This
3-This cream contains expands from several plants.
4-The
4-The tallest tree is among two and three thousand years old.
5-Goats
5-Goats and other animals can die trees by damaging the bark.
6-The
6-The cells below the bark firm new wood every year.
7-The
7-The more air there is in a year, the wider the tree rings are.
8-It
8-It is possible to inculcate the age of a tree.
9-We
9-We need wood from trees for demolishing houses.
10-We
10-We can make paper down of wood.
11-Wood
11-Wood can be used as a feel for cooking and heating.
12-Trees
12-Trees help to increase pollution.
13-Turpentine
13-Turpentine is used as a paint mover.
14-The
14-The climate today is so cold. I can't go out.
15-This
15-This road contacts Assiut with Fayoum.
:Choose the correct answer
1- If it (is – was – are – has been) a dry year, the rings of the tree are narrower.
2- If it (has rained – will rain – had rained – rains), our plants will grow well.
3- If the goats eat the bark on my trees, the trees (are dying – will die – might have died – will have died).
4- If people (don't get – won't get – haven't got – wouldn't get) enough food, they become ill.
5- If it goes on raining for much longer, the river (will flood – is flooding – has flooded – flood).
6- If the farmer's fields (got – are getting – get – will get) very dry this summer, he will irrigate them.
7- If you heat ice, it (is melting – melted – melts – would melt).
8- If there (is – has been – was – were) a sandstorm tonight, the town will be full of sand tomorrow.
9- If you mix yellow and blue, You (would get – are getting – get – may get) green.
10- If you (aren't watering – don't water – won't water – wouldn't water) these plants soon, they'll die.
11- If the wind is very strong, it (will blow – has blown – would blow – had blown) trees down.
12- If scientists study the rings of trees, they (found – would find – can find – have found)
information about our climate in the past.
13- If there (wasn't – weren't – hadn't been – isn't) much rain in a year, the rings in a tree are close together.
14- If they extract a thin piece of wood from the tree, they (can calculate – would calculate – have
calculated – might have calculated) its age without cutting it down.
15- If a tree (have – has had – is having – has) deep roots, it won't fall over in strong winds.
16- If the bark of a tree is destroyed, the tree (died – is dying – would die – dies).
17- If you (picked – will pick – have picked – pick) those apples now, they won't taste very sweet.
18- If you leave now, you (catch – will catch – would catch – must have caught) the train.
27
19- Water freezes if the temperature (is – was – has been – will be) zero or below.
20- If you (throw – threw – have thrown – had thrown) that stone, you'll break a window.
:Find the mistake in each of the following sentences then write it correctly
1. Hurry up! If we don't hurry, we'd be late
2. It's raining hard. We get wet if we go out.
3.I would have been angry if it happens again.
4. We see the whole match if we leave now.
5.If she works hard, she earns more money.
6.Don't worry if I was late tonight.
7. If they didn't come soon, I'm not going to wait.
8.If she ran all the way, she'll get there in time.
9.If he will be sick, he had better go to bed.
10.The dog doesn't attack you if you sit quite still.
11.Unless you don't wear boots, you may get bitten by snakes.
12.He can stay with me provided he agreed to help with the housework.
13.If the bark of the tree was badly damaged, the tree dies.
14.You can see the rings if you are cutting the tree down.
15.If there was a lot of rain during the year, the rings are quite wide.
Test on Unit 6
1- Respond to the following situations:
1. You want to make tea the English way. Ask your friend for advice.
2. Your sister ask for your advice about how to keep fit.
3.You are at an interview. You are asked about your marital status.
4. You are introduced to someone you have never met before.
2- Say where these mini-dialogues take place and who the speakers are:
A: I'd like to renew my passport, please.
B: You need to fill in this form and bring two recent photos.

A: Can I book a flight to London, please?

B: Sure. When would you like to travel? --------------------- : Place
Speaker A: ---------------
A: Tomorrow morning. Speaker B : ---------------
Function : ----------------
3- Choose the correct answer:
1-The (leaves – roots – bark – branches) are the parts of trees that grow under the ground and find water.
2-The hard outside part of a tree is called the (ark – clerk – bark – park).
3-(Leaves – Roots – Bark – Branches) are the flat green parts at the ends of the branches of a tree.
4-A fruit grows on a plant or tree and has (leaves – roots – seeds – branches) inside.
5-Every year, trees grow extra (rings – sings – brings- kings) of new wood.
6-The liquid that carries food in trees is called (lab – map – nap – sap).
7-A piano is a musical (measurement -instrument – movement – improvement) .
8-We can use turpentine to (remove – prove – disprove – drove) paint.
9-I get a headache if I (will spend – spent – am spending – spend) too long on the computer.
10-If she (train – will train – trains – has trained) hard, she will win next week's race.
11-If you mix red and white, you (may get – might get – would get – get) pink.
12-If you (are practising – practises – practise – had practised) a sport, you get better at it.
13-If you work hard, you (will do – would do – have done – are doing) well in the test.
14-If you (read – are reading – were reading – reads) quickly, you learn quickly, too.
15-If you plant a tree, it (help – is helping – might help – helps) the world to breathe.
16-If you plant a tree, it (will look – has looked – is looking – might have looked) lovely in a few years.
4- Find the mistake in each of the following sentences then write it correctly:
1- If he paid me tonight, I'll have enough money for the tickets.
2- If I get a work permit, I stay for another six months.
3- If he agrees to let me go on working after marriage, I would marry him.

28
4- There is no tooth decay in these tubes.
5- This instance measures breathing and blood pressure.
6- Her company has benches in Cairo and Alexandria.
6- Read the following passage then answer the questions below :
For most of us, the idea of soup which stops us getting ill, or crisps which relax us seems like
something from a science-fiction film. However, these food products known as "functional foods" may
already be on your supermarket's shelves.
In today's world, we all know that our diet affects our health. Therefore, food companies are taking
advantage of this fact. They have already started to use ingredients in their products which will offer extra
health benefits to their customers. For example, orange juice already contains vitamin C, but now you can
buy orange juice with added calcium to strengthen your bones and teeth.
Of course, there are people who believe that functional foods are a bad idea. They claim that products such
as these can be dangerous, as people may end up taking more vitamins than they need and may damage their
bodies as a result. Nevertheless, functional foods are becoming increasingly popular, and supporters feel
that it won't be long before there are foods which prevent cancer, protect eyesight and much more.
A) Answer the following questions:
1- Why are some people against functional foods ?
2- What are the advantages of functional foods ?
3- Would you like your regular meals to include functional foods ? Why ?
B) Choose the correct answer:
4- Some food companies benefit from functional foods by…………….. .
a) offering extra health advantages to their customers.
b) reducing vitamins in their products.
c) helping customers save more money.
d) helping customers consume more food.
5- A suitable title for the passage can be:…………………….. .
a) "The Advantages of Functional Foods" b) "The Disadvantages of Functional Foods"
c) "Functional Foods in Science Fiction" d) "A New Type of Foods"
D- Writing
8- Write a letter to your friend Peter giving him advice about the best way to study his lessons. Your name is
Michael.
9- A) Translate into Arabic: (August, 2007)
Poverty and social problems may lead some children to end up living in the streets. Sooner or later,
street children will turn to a life of crime. The whole society should help these children grow up to become
good citizens.
B) Translate into English:
.‫ يجب أن نستفيد من تجارب اآلخرين في الصناعة و التكنولوجيا‬-1
.‫ زيادة ثاني أكسيد الكربون في الغالف الجوي هي السبب الرئيسي لالحتباس الحراري‬-2
1-The Vocabulary of Unit ( 7 ) : Engineering
commuter ‫ شخص اعتاد أن يسافر الى و من العمل‬carve ( sculpture ) / rays ‫ينحت \ أشعة‬
diameter ( of the tunnel ) ‫ قطر‬cliff / base ( concret) ‫منحدر صخرى \ قاعدة‬
engineering ‫ الهندسة‬illuminate ( the statues) ‫ يضئ‬/ ‫ينير‬
investment (education) ‫ استثمار‬monument / cut into ‫اثر \ يقطع‬
invest / investor ‫ بستثمر \ مستثمر‬v to be+ positioned (sphinx) ‫يوضع فى مكان معين‬
massive ( piece ) / raise ‫ يربى‬- ‫ ضخم – هائل \ يرفع‬unthinkable ‫ مستحيل‬/ ‫غير وارد التفكير فيه‬
reach a length of ‫ يصل طوله الى‬keep ..out = prevent …from ‫يبعد – يمنع‬
Unit ( 8) : Dr Jekyll and Dr Hyde
admit \ admition ‫ يقر \ اعتراف‬- ‫ يعترف‬blackmail / colleague ‫ ابتزاز \ زميل عمل‬- ‫يبتز‬
biography ‫ سيرة حياة شخص أخر‬human nature ‫الطبيعة البشرية‬
knock on ( the door) ‫ طرقة‬/ ‫ يطرق على‬commit / a crime ‫يرتكب \ جريمة‬
permanently/profession(teaching) \ ‫ بصـــــفة دائمـــــة‬respectable / personality ‫محترم \ شخصية‬
‫مهنة‬
29
recuperate ‫ يستجم‬/ ‫ يتعافى من مرض‬in conflict / appearance ‫فى حالة صراع \ مظهر‬
will ( legal document) ‫ وصية‬the result of the experiment ‫نتيجة التجربة‬
3- Language Notes:
lose (get los ( ‫ يضل الطريق يضيع يخسر‬-agree to + ‫مصدر يوافق‬ rise /rose / risen‫يرتفع (اليليها مفعول‬
loss ‫ خسارة‬/ ‫ \فقدان‬loose ‫ مفكوك‬agree with + ‫ شخص‬his… raise/ed /ed)‫يتبرع (بعدها مفعول‬- ‫يرفع‬
miss ‫ درس‬-‫ يفتقد شخص وسيلة مواصالت‬agree on + ‫شيئ‬ arise‫ ينتج عن‬- ‫* ينشأ‬arouse ‫يثير‬
respected ‫ يحظي باالحترام لعمله‬profession ‫مهنة تتطلب قدرا كبيرا‬  prefer ‫ اسم‬/ v+ing ….to ‫اسم‬
(‫)اشخاص فقط‬
‫)اشخاص‬ ‫من التدريب مثل الطب والهندسة‬ / v+ ing …………
respectable ‫ محترم‬-‫جدير باألحترام‬ work: ‫العمل بصفة عامة وال تجمع‬  like+ v + ing …more/better
)‫شيئ‬-‫(شخص‬ ‫ يصبح معناها‬work ‫اذا ُجم َعت كمة‬ than + v + ing …
respectful ‫سلوك وتصرف محترم‬ :‫ مؤلفات أو أعمال فنية أو أدبية‬ 'd rather ‫…مصدر‬.than ‫مصدر‬
‫) )نحو األخر‬ job: ‫وظيفة (تجمع) منتظم‬
●sink = submerge ‫يغرق لألشياء‬ career: ‫ الفترة التي‬/ ‫المستقبل الوظيفي‬ ●temporary ‫مؤقت‬
drown /ed/ed ( ‫( لألشخاص‬ ‫يقضيها الشخص في وظيفة معينة يغرق‬ ermanent ‫دائم‬
-work)‫عمل (اسم كمى اليجمع وال ينكر‬ biography ‫سيرة ذاتية عن شخص آخر‬ site ‫موقع به مبانى ومهم‬
works‫اعمال (تجمع)هندسيه \ادبيه\ فنيه‬ autobiograph ‫سيرة ذاتية عن نفسة‬ location‫موقع ليس به مبانى‬
● historical ‫ ● تاريخى شيء متعلق بدراسة التاريخ‬historic ‫تاريخى متعلق باألحداث‬
( monuments/ places/ sites/films/ plays / novel / ‫( واألماكن‬event/war/meeting /moment/building /
customs / weapons / character/ research / document occasion/decision/day/visit/ treaty‫معاهده‬/victory
/ book / background‫ خلفية‬/figure/ discovery/ ‫ انتصار‬/ interest/ times/ battle‫) معركة‬
adventure/ society /records‫ سجالت‬importance/sights)
● BCE (Before Christ Era ‫ ● قبل الميالد (التاريخ يأتى قبلها‬finally ‫( بعد مضى فترة وعده صعوبات‬ ‫وأخيرا‬
● ADE (Anno Domini Era ‫ ● ( التاريخ يأتى بعدها بعد الميالد‬eventually)‫( فى نهايه حدث متصل‬ ‫اخيرا – نهائيا‬
●‫ اسماء‬the north the west the east the south of ●at at the end of ‫اسم… غالبا يأتي بعدها االسم‬
+ northern western eastern southern ‫ ● اسم‬in the end ‫يأتي بعدها جملة أو تأتي في نهاية الجملة‬
●‫صفات‬
4- Prepositions
travel on the underground ‫ يسافر بالمترو‬on horses / on camels ‫على ظهر الحصان \ الجمال‬
cut into (pieces‫ – قطع‬shapes ‫) أشكال‬ ‫ يقطع‬work on the Great Wall of ‫يعمل فى الحائط العظيم‬
carve into (a cliff) ‫ ينحت فى‬in the north of = northern ‫شمال‬
keep …out = prevent …from ‫ يبعد – يمنع‬reach a length of ‫يصل طوله الى‬
attach to = fix to ‫ يثبت فى‬- ‫ شيئ يربط فى‬attractive to‫شخص‬ ‫جذابه لـ‬
provide (water) for ‫لـ‬.....‫ يوفر‬divide.... into /put up ‫إلي \ يرفع‬.... ‫يُقسم‬
with a diameter of ‫ بقطر يبلغ‬accessible to ‫ سهل الوصول الى – فى متناول‬- ‫متاح لـ‬
take pride in/important for ‫ يفخر بـ \ مهم‬light up\at a certain time ‫يضيء\فى وقت محدد‬-‫ينير‬
the quickest way to .. is to ‫ أسرع طريق لـ‬to the end of.. / fall off ‫الى نهايه \ يسقط من أعلى‬
weight over + ‫رقم‬ ‫ يزن ما يزيدعن‬protect…with laws ‫بالقانون‬....‫يحمى‬
the front of / a plan for ‫ المقدمه لـ \ خطه لـ‬come to an agreement on ‫يتوصل ألتفاق(بشأن)على‬
give reason for ‫ يعطى سبب لـ‬five metres in diametre ‫قطره خمسه امتار‬
takes place in )‫ يحدث فى ( مكان – سنه‬change back into ‫يتحول مرة أخرى الى‬
in conflict ‫ فى صراع‬do research into /on ‫يعمل بحث عن‬
disagree with ( his ideas) )‫ ال يوافق على (أفكار‬guess about \ wrong about ‫يخمن \ خطأ بشأن‬
disapprove of (his research) ‫ اليستحسن‬go on holiday/sure of(about) ‫يقوم بأجازه \متأكد‬
knock on ( at ) ‫ يطرق على‬live on the island ‫يعيش على جزيره‬
protect …from ‫ يحمى من \ يقى من‬ask questions about ‫يسأل اسئله عن‬
It was time for ‫شخص‬to‫مصدر‬ ‫أن‬.. ‫ حان الوقت لـ‬believe in / try ‫ الشيئ‬on ‫ يقيس‬-‫يؤمن بـ \ يجرب‬
v to have + interest in ‫ لديه اهتمام بـ‬thank‫ شخص‬for+ v + ing \‫اسم‬ ‫يشكر على‬
fend for (yourself) ‫ اعتني بنفسك – صون نفسك‬made special medicine for ‫صنع دواء خاص لـ‬
go abroad to ‫ يذهب للخارج لـ‬on the internet /sail to ‫على األنترنت \ يبحر الى‬
end badly for ‫ ينتهى بشكل سيئ لـ‬leave everything to ‫يترك كل شيئ لـ‬
find it quite difficult to ‫ يجد ها صعبه لكى‬know more about how ‫يعرف المذيد عن كيف‬
help ‫ شخص‬with‫شيئ‬ ‫ يساعد فى‬do experiment on ‫يعمل تجربه على‬

30
go back to = return to ‫ يعود مره ثانيه الى‬stay in / die in ‫يقيم فى \ يموت فى‬
tell secrets about ‫ يخبر \ يفشى أسرار عن‬use himslf for ‫يستخدم نفسه من أجل‬
5- Some verbs can go with some nouns
 Study Engineering * make :a plan  reach a length of ,a width of ,a height of
 Take a train, a bus , the metro  work on a project, the Great Wall
 do research,experiment, things  commit crimes, foul ‫خطأ رياضى‬
 look frightening,terrified,his best  find it difficult to/ it easy
ِ6- Grammar unit ( 7 ) """ " ‫ القائم على دليل‬Deduction ‫"االستنتاج‬
Present ‫المضارع‬ Past ‫الماضي‬
‫ تنفى بـ‬must be ‫من المؤكد أن‬ ‫اسم\ صفه‬ ‫ تنفى بـ‬must have + P.P ‫ألي فعل‬
can’t be ‫ليس من المؤكد‬ ‫اسم\ صفه‬ can’t have + P.P ‫ألي فعل‬
 He doesn't speak Arabic, he can't be Egyptian.
 Ali didn't attend the meeting, he can't have read e-mail.
 The streets are wet. It must have rained last night.
B ) ‫ "بدون دليل‬probability ‫" األحتمال‬
Degree ‫الدرجة‬ Present‫المضارع‬ Past‫الماضي‬
not sure / perhaps may ‫مصدر‬ may have + P.P
It’s very unsure\probably/possible/likely might/could ‫ مصدر‬might/could hav + P.P
 John is probably Italian. He might be Italian.
 He doesn’t get the same train any more. He may have changed his job.
 I haven’t seen Mona for ages. She might have moved. (= Perhaps she moved.)
‫ ) للتعبير عن االحتمال في الماضي وكذلك ان الشيء كان ممكن أن يحدث ولكنه لم‬could have + p.p( ‫ نستخدم‬: ‫ ملحوظه‬
‫ للتعبير عن استحالة حدوث الشيء في الماضي‬.couldn't have + p ( ‫ و نستخدم‬. ‫يحدث‬
 He could have taken my car, but he preferred to go by bus. ( but ‫) دائما تأتى مع كلمه‬
B) Grammar unit (8)
‫الجملة الخبرية‬ ‫الجملة االستفهامية‬ ‫الجملة األمرية‬
said to ‫ تحول إلى‬told - informed said to ‫ إلى‬asked said to \ ‫ تحول إلى‬told / warned
said ‫إلى‬ explained/promised/ wanted to know\ wondered\ advised \ \ asked \ordered
inquired
that ‫نحذف األقواس ونربط ب‬ ‫ونربط بأداة االستفهام الموجودة‬ ‫ للنفي مع‬not to ‫ لإلثبات و‬to ‫ونربط ب‬
.Wh Do not ‫حذف‬
If \ ‫وإذا لم يوجد أداة نربط بـ‬
whether
I‫ حسب الفاعل‬he \ she ‫يوضع بعد أداة الربط مباشرة وتتحول‬ ‫ليس هناك فاعل (الجملة األمرية تبدأ‬
‫ حسب المفعول وإذا لم يوجد‬you ) Don’t ‫بمصدر أو‬
I ‫مفعول تتحول إلى الضمير‬
‫يتحول الفعل إلى األمضى منه‬ ‫األفعال المساعدة والناقصة تصبح‬- to ‫لفعل يبقى كما هو في المصدر ألنه بعد‬
‫ماضية‬ ‫ماضي والفعل بعدهم كما هو ونحذف من أي مضارع إلى‬
‫من ماضي تام‬ ‫إلى‬ ‫ماضي بسيط‬ ‫) و نضع الفعل‬do-does( ‫كل من‬
‫ ونضع الفعل‬did((‫ماضي بسيط و‬
‫ماضي تام‬
this that tomorrow the next here there
these those (following)day now then
tonight that night yesterday the today that day
day(previous) before
ago \ last….. ..…
…..before/...later

‫مع العالمات األتيه‬ ‫نضع الفعل كاألتى مع فعل القول الماضى‬

then , at that moment / at that time was, were + v + ing
31
 … before, the
previous ,earlier,yet,already, since, for
the following day,the next day, the future
just now / a moment ago / a short time
ago /says /say / tell/ tells / ask / asks / want
to know / wants to know / wonders
asked, wondered,inquired ,wanted to know
had + pp
would ‫ مصدر‬/was ,were +going to ‫مصدر‬/was, were+v + ing
‫نختار فعل مضارع مع العالمات األتيه‬
‫ونختار فعل مضارع مع الحقائق الثابته حتى لو كان فعل القول ماضى‬
If , whether , )‫ فعل ( حسب الزمن‬+ ‫ فاعل‬+)‫أداه استفهام (رابط‬

UNIT7
:Exercises on Vocabulary and Language Notes
1- The factory plans to (resist – arrest - invest – detest) in new computers.
2- The rock was cut (into – with – of – at) a rectangular shape.
3-The quickest way to get to the city centre is to (come – do – travel – take) an underground train.
4-Some people (communicate - commute – complain – compete) long distances while others work close to
home.
5-A journey on the underground (costs – pays – gives – makes) one pound.
6-People can (keep – waste – save – develop) money by travelling on the underground.
7-The ancient temple's (massive – active – alive – alternative) stone pillars had begun to crumble ‫ينهار‬.
8-The first line of the Paris Metro system (started – opened – destroyed – made) in 1900.
9-My father studied (engineer – engineers – engineered – engineering) at university and has designed many
important bridges.
10-Education is a/an (investment – wish – desire - demand) in the future of a country and its young people.
11-Nearly four million (competitors – commuters – contractors – conductors) travel to and from London
every day.
12-The Great Wall of China was a/an (investment – conservative – contemporary – massive) project which
took hundreds of years to complete.
13-That tunnel has a (size – diameter – weight – price) of 7 metres.
14-The height of the (street – stiff – staff – cliff) is 25 metres.
15-The artist (harvested - carved – curved – starved) the sculpture from a massive piece of stone.
16-At night, bright lights always (illuminate – eliminate – contaminate – originate) the front of the palace.
17-If you want to ask the teacher a question, you should (rise – arouse – rise – raise) your hand.
18-The Sphinx is (postponed – possessed – preceded – positioned) near the Pyramids at Giza.
19-The statue of the pharaoh is a famous ancient (moment – memory – monument – mount).
20-The statue is built on a hard (basic – base – case – brass) made of concrete.
21-The (width – breadth – length – wealth) of the Great Wall of China is 6,400 kilometres.
22-The Great Pyramid is about 150 metres (height – weight – high – low).
23-A (minute – monument – moment – cement) is a large structure that is built to remind us of an important
event or a famous person.
24-A cliff means high (racket – pocket – rock – stick).
25-To (carve – crave – achieve - activate) means to cut stone or wood into a particular shape.
26-To (bright – sight – fight – illuminate) is to make light shine on something.
27-To (erase – chase – raise – praise) is to move something to a higher position.
28-Many years ago, enemies were (attracting – attacking – attempting – attending) the rich towns of
northern China.
29-Building the Aswan High Dam meant that the Nile Valley would be (fed – fled – flooded – defeated).
30-The massive statues were cut into pieces which (weighed – laid – paid – waited) over 30 tonnes each.
31-(Continually – Individually – Manually – Eventually), the wall reached a length of 6,400 km.
32- The work began in 220 BCE and (started – continued – opened – offered) for hundreds of years.
33-It was (unattainable – uncontrollable - unthinkable - uncountable) that Egypt should lose one of its most
important monuments.
34- Today, the temples are an amazing (coronation – combination – communication – connection) of
ancient and modern engineering.

32
35-Plans were (done – taken – made – given) to rescue the temples.
36-The work took more than 3 years (to complete –complete – completed – completing).
37- The government is trying to (attack – attend – attract – attain) more tourists to Egypt.
38-He walked fast because he didn't want to (lose – miss – loose – loss) the bus.
39-This is the greatest monument ever (discovery – discover – discovered – discovering).
40- The government should provide more money (with – for – at – on) education.
:Find the mistake in each of the following sentences then write it correctly
1-A transporter is someone who travels a long distance to work every day..
2- He infected his life savings in his daughter’s business.
3- The explosion made a passive hole in the ground.
4-The funnel goes under the Nile.
5- A strong economy depends on a healthy manufacturing basic.
6-The statue was possessed at the entrance of the castle.
7-The government has made a plan to rise taxes.
8- It was unthinking that she could be dead.
9- The earth is discriminated by the sun.
10- Keep away from the edge of the stiff - you might fall.
11-Egypt has many amazed works of engineering.
12-There are a lot of history monuments in Egypt.
13-The street is 50 metres length.
14-We should stop people pollute the environment.
15-The Great Wall of China was built to keep the attackers of.
Choose the correct answer from a, b, c or d -1
1.He (must have – can't have – didn't have – can have) missed his train. He's usually late.
2.His watch (must have – might have – could have – can't have) cost a lot of money. It's made of plastic.
3.It (can't have – will have – must have – didn't have) been very windy during the night. There are branches
all over the ground.
4.Tunnelling under the Nile (must have – may have – can't have – might have) been easy. I'm sure it was
difficult.
5.My father (didn't have – won't have – shall have – must have) walked to work this morning. His car is still
in the garage.
6.He can't walk. He (must – mustn't – shouldn't – won't) be ill.
7.He spends so much money. He (can't – shouldn't – must – won't) be rich.
8.You (can't have – must have – should have – will have) finished that book already. You bought it only
yesterday and it is very long.
9.A: I don't know where my school bag is, Mum? B: It's not here. You (mustn't – can't – might – won't) have
left it on the train.
10.A: Look, Hesham's keys are on the table. B: He (must have - can't have – might have – may have) seen
them when he left this morning.
11.A: I rang you this morning, but you didn't answer. B: Sorry, I (can't – might not – may not – must) have
been asleep.
12.A: He's only been in the laboratory for ten minutes. B: Surely he (must – can't – might – may) have
finished the experiment already.
13.A: Ali fell off his bike this morning. Do you know if he's OK? B: His mother says he (might – will – can
– didn't) have broken his arm.
14.He (can't have – mustn't have – must have – should have) been injured. There was blood on his face.
15.The streets are wet. It (must rain – can't rain – must have rained – should have rained) last night.
16.Mona is never late, (is she – isn't she – won't she – will she)?
17.I'm not rich enough to buy that car, (aren't I – don't I – can I – am I)?
18.Not everyone enjoys sport, (do they – don't they – didn't he – does he)?
19.Let's go out tonight, (will you – won't you – should we – shall we)?
20.She'd rather not sign the cheque, (did she – hadn't she – wouldn't she – would she)?
:Find the mistake in each of the following sentences then write it correctly
1-He can't be rich. He owns two cars and a large house.
2- He must be ill. He eats like a horse.
33
 3-You've been travelling all day. You can't be tired.
4-They haven't lived here for very long. They must know many people.
5-Ali hasn't contacted me. He mustn't have got my message.
6-She must be here. I know for certain that she's away on holiday.
7-She must have arrived. I'm not sure.
8-She must have arrived yet. It's much too early.
9-I can't find the theatre tickets. They must fall out of my pocket.
10-I could go out but I didn't feel like it, so I stayed at home.
11-A: What do you think of my theory? B: I'm not sure. You must be right.
12-A: Do you know where Hala is? B: No, I suppose she should have gone shopping.
13-He doesn't speak Arabic. He must be Egyptian.
14-He never does any work, but he's always at the top of his class. He can't be very clever.
15-Tom might have written this letter because it is in French and he doesn't know French.
16-He mustn't have seen the accident. He was ill in bed when it happened.
17-She's been arrested for murder, isn't she?
18-She rarely reads the papers, hasn't she?
19-Neither of them attended the meeting, didn't they?
20-They dug the well a week ago, don't they?
UNIT8
:Choose the correct answer
1- My brother went on holiday to Aswan. Now he's decided to live there (annually – permanently – perfectly –
strangely).
2- I thought the test would be easy, but I must (admit – deny – try – refuse) that I'm finding it quite difficult.
3- Someone (booked – locked - knocked – shocked) on our door late last night, but I didn't open it.
4- Doctors and nurses belong to the medical (procession – confession – division – profession).
5- All my friends come from very (respect – respecting – respectable – irresponsible) families.
6- My grandfather is (recombining - recuperating – recounting – recalling) at the moment after a long illness.
7- I'm reading a new (biology – demography – biography – graph) of William Shakespeare. He had a very
interesting life.
8- Ali wasn't badly injured in the accident, but his (recuperation – realization – reclamation – recommendation)
took longer than we thought.
9- I've worked in a lot of different places. Now I'd like a more (temporary – permanent – partly – divided) job.
10- You can find (electrical – anatomical - biographical –arithmetical) information about many writers on the
internet.
11- When he said he was sorry, it was an (aggression - admission – ambition – absorption) that he was wrong.
12- I (inspect – expect – inject –respect) people who are honest and do hard work.
13- If you are a doctor, it's very important to behave (professionally – accidentally – annually – automatically)
towards your patients.
14- Where (did – could – was – were) you born? In Cairo.
15- She has a very nice (acidity – activity – personality – ambiguity). She's kind to everyone she meets.
16- People who (commit – emit – submit – vomit) serious crimes should be sent to prison.
17- He left everything to his son in his (receipt – cheque – card – will).
18- When my brother started his new job, all his (catalogues - colleagues – dialogues – presenters) were friendly
and helpful.
19- If you are going to a job interview, your (appearance – acquaintance – allowance – audience) is important.
You must look your best.
20- Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde (takes – makes – does – acts) place in London.
21- Dr Jekyll was (taking – making – doing – acting) research into human nature.
22- He (did – planned – made – gave) a special medicine for himself.
23- When he (gave – did – put – took) the medicine, he changed into Mr Hyde.
24- The medicine (made – took – had – acted) him do terrible things.
25- (Annoyance – Approval – Conflict – Anger) is a situation of disagreement or fighting between people or
groups.
26- A (well – will – wall – wail ) is a legal document saying what would happen to someone's money and things
after they die.
34
27- A (classmate – neighbour – enemy – colleague) is a person you work with.
28- (Personality – Behaviour – Conduct - Appearance) means someone's character or the way someone behaves
towards others.
29- Human (race – kind – nature – goal) means behaviour or qualities typical of ordinary people.
30- To (conflict – connect – contact – commit) a crime is to do it.
31- (Endurance – Appearance – Difference – Independence) is the way someone looks to other people.
32- To (intend – decide – deny – admit) means to agree or say that something is true, although you do not want
to
33- A/An (biography – research – experiment - survey ) is a book about someone's life.
34- A (job – position – career - profession) is a job that needs special education and training.
35- To (recuperate – recreate – recognize - reconsider) means to spend time getting better after an illness.
36- To (kidnap – embezzle - blackmail - steal) means to make someone pay you money or do what you want by
threatening to tell secrets about them.
37- I'm sure my cousin will (make – take – do – act) a good accountant. He loves mathematics.
38- She believes it was the doctor's (false – foul - fault – fake) that Peter died.
39- It was raining. There were no taxi. (At the end – To the end – In the end – Of the end) we managed to arrive
home.
40- She wrote a/an (autograph – telegram – autobiography – biography) of Winston Churchill.
:Find the mistakes in each of the following sentences then write them correctly
1-It is time thinking about buying a house.
2-She'd rather watching TV than go to the cinema.
3- At first he denied stealing the money but he later indebted it.
4-He locked on the door before he entered.
5- Smoking is likely to damage your health parentally.
6- She spent a month in the country cooperating from the operation.
7-She has a very nice person. Everyone likes her.
8-May I introduce one of my colleges at the bank?
9-It's only human creature to want the best for your children.
10- There was a lot of infect between him and his father.
11- She left me some money in her wool.
12-He was sent to prison because he had connected murder.
13-They changed the whole annoyance of the house just by painting.
14- He felled in his attempt to break the record.
15-We should restrict the environment and not pollute it.
:Choose the correct answer
1. He (said – asked – wondered – wanted to know) he wouldn't be able to sleep until he had finished the
homework.
2. I asked him what (was he reading – is he reading – he is reading – he was reading).
3. She said that she (want – wants – wanted – is wanting) to be a writer.
4. He asked me where (I have been – have I been – had I been – I had been).
5. She admitted that her brother (was helping – is helping – he is helping – he was helping) her with her
homework that afternoon.
6. He asked me if (had I finished – did I finish – I had finished – I have finished) the book he had lent me
the week before.
7. She said they (meet – are meeting – have been meeting – were meeting) them there the following
Saturday.
8. She (asked – wondered – complained – ordered) that she had waited for more than an hour for her
appointment.
9. They promised that they (phone – would phone – will phone – phones) us as soon as they arrived.
10. He admitted that he (arrives – has arrived – had arrived – will arrive) late the night before.
11. She (exclaimed – refused – asked – explained) that she was hoping to come and see me the following week.
12. He asked me if I knew that his sister (is – has been – had been – will be) ill.
13. We wanted to know what (they thought – did they think – had they thought – will they think) of his idea.
14. She wondered if (was I doing – I was doing – had I been doing – I am doing) anything interesting at the
weekend.
35
 15. I admitted that I (don't have – am not having – didn't have – doesn't have) any plans.
16. He denied (to be – had been – was – being) at the scene of the crime
17. I explained that I (would have to – will have to – will – shall) ask my mother.
18. She wanted to know if I (will like – do like – would like – likes) to go shopping with her.
19. Peter (asked – wondered – promised – wanted) he would phone me that evening.
20. She said, "I (didn't see – won't see – wasn't seen – hadn't seen) anyone until I have finished.
21. She asked me, "(Have you watched – You watched – You are watching – You watch) the DVD?"
22. She asked him (which – what – whether – who) he was going out.
23. She asked me (carrying – to carry – carry – carried) the bag for her.
24. He wanted to know how much I (pay – have paid – had I paid – I had paid) for my car.
25. She refused (lending – lend – to lend – to lending) me the money I needed.
:Find the mistakes in each of the following sentences then write them correctly
1.John asked where did I buy my shirt from.
2.He denied to forge the cheque.
3.He said metals are contacting when they are cooled.
4.He advised me looking for another job.
5.She told me to have closed the window.
6.She promised that she will help me soon.
7.He admitted that he robs the house the night before.
8.He explained that he loses his way in the desert a few weeks earlier.
9.They complained that they are treated badly by the shop owner the previous day.
10.He asked me why didn't I lock the door the night before.
11.He wondered how long did I stay in Paris the previous year.
12.He denied to help the spy.
13.He apologized not to do the job well.
14.He says water evaporated if it is boiled.
Test on Unit 7
1- Respond to the following situations:
1- Your friend phoned you several times, but you didn't answer.
2- Your brother asks you how they built the Great Wall of China.
3- Someone asks you why the Pyramids were built.
4- You suddenly find out that there is no money in your pocket. You make a deduction.

3- Mention the place, the speakers and the language function in the following two mini-dialogues:
1- A: Your ticket and passport, please.
B: Here you are. ------------------ : Place
A: Would you like a window seat or an aisle seat?, Speaker A: ---------------
B: A window seat, please.
Speaker B : ---------------
2- A: Have you got anything to declare, sir? Function : ---------------
B : Just these two laptops.
A: You'll have to pay 300 pounds.
3- Choose the correct answer:
1- The tunnel has a (diameter – size – circle - weight) of over eight metres.
2- The underground in Cairo has made it more attractive (to – with – from - of) business people and tourists.
3- Egyptians compare the Cairo underground system (for – with – at - in) those in London and Paris.
4- The Egyptian man feels very (sad – pessimistic – unconfident – proud) of the underground system.
5- Foreign (investment – commitment – agreement – appointment) in Egypt rose by 7% last year.
6- The computer is capable of storing (aggressive – decisive - massive - depressive) amounts of information.
7- A (commuter – babysitter – plumber - toddler) is someone who travels a long distance to work every day.
8- The Great Wall of China is 6,400 kilometres (length – beneath – long – strength).
9- Passing his driving test (shall – can – must – mustn't) have made Ahmed happy.
10- Ali was not at the meeting. He (must – can't – shouldn't – might) have read my e-mail in which I asked him
to come.

36
11- He (must – can – will – might) have rung yesterday evening, but I'm not sure.
12- He (can't have – should have – shall have – have) finished that book already. I lent it to him only two hours
ago.
13- The Cairo underground (can't have – couldn't have – might not have - must have) saved people a lot of
money. It's cheaper than any other means of transport.
14- It (can't have – should have – could have – may have) been cheap. It's made of gold.
15- The Cairo underground (didn't have – shouldn't have - must have – have) made travelling around Cairo
easier.
16- She (must have - might have – have to have – doesn't have) rung me this morning. I'm not sure.
4- Find the mistake in each of the following sentences then write it correctly:
1- The pieces of the statues were attached to a concrete basic.
2-At certain times of the year, the sun eliminates the statue of Ramses II.
3-The temple was curved into a cliff.
4-There can't have been a thunderstorm. The streets are covered in sand.
5-Ali must have forgotten. He's got very good memory.
6-He must have behaved badly. I'm not sure.
6- Read the passage then answer the questions:
With the introduction of the Internet into our daily lives, we have changed from a society that works
from 8 to 2 pm into a twenty-four hour society. You can buy your grocery at midnight, book your holiday
on the internet at 3 am and do business online at dawn.
Before you join the 24-hour revolution, take a minute to listen to what your body is trying to tell
you. This "round the clock" lifestyle is not what the Great Creator intended for us.
In an area of our brains, we have a "body clock" that controls our body's natural rhythms. It tells us
when it is the right time to eat, sleep, work or play. It plays an important part in our physical and
psychological well-being. It is, in fact, what makes us control many things including our hormones,
temperatures, immune system and activity. If we try to ignore our body clocks, or even to switch them off
for a while, we run the risk of seriously damaging our health. Accordingly, we need to have a daily routine.
A) Answer the following questions:
1- Mention TWO only of the functions of the "body clock"?
2- Are you for or against the daily routine? Why?
3- What does "It" in the third paragraph refer to?
B) Choose the correct answer:
4- A 24-hour society means a society that works ……………………….
a) day and night b) day only c) night only d) from 8 pm to 2 pm
5- If you switch off your "body clock", …………………………. .
a) you'll miss the train b) you'll damage your health
c) you won't attend the match d) you'll be late for school
D- Writing
8-Write a paragraph of about 100 words about: (June, 2006)
"Thinking about the future"
What will life be like then? Will it be better, worse or the same as now? Think about: technology,
medicine, education, food, work and people.

9- A) Translate into Arabic: (June, 2006)

In her speech entitles, "Culture: The Most Effective Language of Peace", Mrs. Mubarak assured that
definitions of peace vary. For many, it means absence of war and violence, while others see that it
represents the quest for inner peace and security. But for many more, peace is a prerequisite for
development and democracy.
B) Translate into Arabic:
.‫ محققة بذلك إنجازا عظيما‬،‫ حصلت مصر علي كأس األمم األفريقية هذا العام‬-1
.‫ البد أن نعيد النظر في الخريطة السكانية لمصر ونشجع الناس علي االنتقال إلي المدن الجديدة‬- 2

Test on Unit 8
1- Respond to the following situations:
1- A friend asks you whether you would like to go somewhere together at the weekend.
37
2- The same friend does not want to go to the beach, but suggests the swimming pool.
3- A friend suggests that you join a book club together., but you would like to join a sports club.
4- A friend suggests going to the cinema in your town tomorrow. You are not sure.

2- Mention the place , the speakers and the language function in each of the following two mini-dialogues:
1- A: I'd like two tickets to Aswan, please.
B: Single or return?
A: Single, please. --------------------- : Place
Speaker A: ---------------
2- A: May I have a look inside your bag? Speaker B : ---------------
B: Anything wrong? Function : ----------------
A: No, just security measures before boarding the plane.

B- Vocabulary and Structure

3- Choose the correct answer:
1-He wrote a famous (geography – photography – orthography – biography) of President Eisenhower.
2-You are a (respectful – respect – respectable – respecting) young man. You should not behave like that.
3-The good side and the evil side in man are always in (harmony – conflict – agreement – hatred).
4-This scientist is doing (search – research – experiment – experience) into human nature.
5-They used the photographs to (blackmail – blacklist – blackboard – black market) him.
6-We should never judge by (abundances – absences – appearances – alliances).
7-After many attempts, she (eventually – additionally – analytically – artistically) managed to get
promotion.
8-His colleagues disapproved (on – with - of – at) his research.
9-I complained that it (was – is – is being – has been) rather late and that it was time for him to go to sleep.
10-I said he (was going to – will – may – shall) retire the following year.
11-My son (asked – wondered – inquired – explained) that his book was really exciting.
12-I asked him what (was he reading – has he been reading - he was reading – is he reading).
13-She promised that she (will - would – can – shall) be home the next morning.
14-I asked Leila what (she was hoping – was she hoping – did she hope – will she hope) to study at
university.
15-The doctor told me (stay – staying - to stay – had stayed) in bed for a few days.
16-She asked me (not telling - not to tell – tell not – told) anybody what had had happened.
4- Find the mistakes in each of the following sentences then write them correctly:
1-She said they are meeting them there the following Saturday.
2-He asked me whether I finish reading the book he had lent me the week before.
3-Peter wondered how much had I paid for the suit.
4-His experiments showed that he was wrong about human feature.
5-He has a violent personality and contacts terrible crimes.
6-He wrote his bill, leaving everything to his grandson.
6- Read the passage then answer the questions:
Zoo officials say they are concerned about animals. However, most zoos remain collections of
interesting items rather than protective habitats. Zoos teach people that it is acceptable to keep animals in
captivity – bored, lonely and far from their natural homes.
Zoos claim to educate people and save endangered species, but visitors leave zoos without having learnt
anything meaningful about their natural behaviour, intelligence or beauty.
Most zoo enclosures are quite small, and most labels only mention the name of the species, its diet and
natural home. The animals' normal behaviour is seldom observed because zoos rarely take care of the
animals' natural needs.
Answer the following questions:
1-Why do you think animals suffer in zoos?
2-Where can people learn about animals' normal behaviour?
3-Find words in the passage which mean: a) cages b) the natural home of an animal
38
Choose the correct answer:
4-Zoos ------------- take care of the animals' natural needs.
a) often b) usually c) always d) hardly
5-Zoo visitors learn ----------------- about the animals' natural behaviour.
a) a lot b) almost nothing c) much d) many
D- Writing
8- Write a paragraph of about 100 words about: (August, 2006)
"What should be done for children's welfare?"
9- A)Translate into Arabic: (August, 2006)
Water will have become one of our most serious problems. Demand for water will increase ten times
between now and 2050, and there could be serious shortages. Water could be the cause of war if we do not
act now.
B) Translate into English:
.‫ يستخدم الطالب المصريون أجهزة الكمبيوتر في مدارسهم وسيكون لذلك أثره العظيم في تقدم مصر‬-1
.‫ يعتقد بعض العلماء أن الطعام المعدل وراثيا هو الحل الوحيد لمشكلة نقص الغذاء في الدول النامية‬- 2

1-The Vocabulary of Unit ( 9 ) : The power of nature

geyser ( hot water) ‫ عين ميله ساخن‬/ ‫ نبع ماء حار‬cause of = reason for \ rainfall ‫سبب \ سقوط االمطار‬
volcano(erupt)\lightning(see-eyes) ‫ بركان\ البرق‬drought (lake of water / no rain) ‫الجفاف‬
thunder ( hear – ears ) ‫ الرعد‬northern / southern ‫شمالى \ جنوبى‬
eclipse ( solar – lunar) ‫ خسوف‬/ ‫ كسوف‬occur ( accident ) ‫ يقع‬/ ‫يحدث‬
harmful to /sight ‫ النظر‬- ‫ ضار لـ \ البصر‬phenomenon/ phenomena ‫ظاهرة \ ظواهر‬
ultraviolet rays (harmful) ‫ أشعة فوق بنفسجية‬shadow ( the moon) )‫خيال – ظل ( القمر‬
electrical (storm) (light ‫ كهربى‬absorb = take in = absorb ‫يمتص‬
Review C
a block of (wood-flats) ‫وحده سكنيه من‬-‫ كتله من‬structures ‫مبانى‬
sight ‫ نظر – رؤيه – بصر‬exploration ‫استكشاف‬
damage(to ) / the result of ‫ تلف – يتلف \ نتيجة‬mysteries ‫غموض‬
earthquake ‫ زلزال‬a good example ‫مثل طيب‬
benefit (from) ‫ فائده‬- ‫ يفيد – يستفيد من‬capital ‫عاصمه – رأس مال‬
fertile ( land- soil ) ‫ خصب‬covered with ‫مغطى بـ‬
export to # import from ‫ يستورد من‬# ‫ يصدر الى‬incredible ‫اليصدق‬
solid # liquid ‫ سائل‬# ‫ صلب‬full -time ‫وقت كامل‬
water level ‫ منسوب – مستوى المياة‬control system ‫نظام تحكم‬
break a promise ‫ يخلف وعده‬pass up ‫يمر‬
make a list of ‫ يعمل قائمه من‬awful = fearful ‫مخيف‬
3-Language Notes:
float ) ‫يطفو (الشيئ‬ site ‫موقع ليس بة مبانى‬ ‫صفات مع‬
swim ‫يعوم فى المياه‬ sight ‫ النظر‬-‫البصر‬ violent (storms)
sink )‫يغوص (األشياء‬ sight (v) ‫ يتمكن من رؤية شيء من بعيد‬heavy (rain) \ strong (wind)
drown )‫ يغرق (األشخاص‬sights ‫ معالم هامة التي تستحق الزيارة‬high (temperature,waves)
Port ) ‫ مدينه ميناء ( يذكر معها اسم مدينه‬lighting ‫ اإلضاءة‬solar eclipse (sun)‫سوف الشمس‬
harbour )‫ ميناء ( مكان ترسو به السفن‬lightningightning ‫ البرق‬lunar eclipse(moon) ‫خسوف القمر‬
no longer ‫ لم يعد(بين فاعل وفعل أو األول‬economic )‫ اقتصادي ( لوصف األشياء‬drought ‫جفاف‬
any more (not ‫ أخر الجمله ويأتىمعها‬economical)‫ اقتصادى (األشخاص‬-‫ موفر‬draught ‫تيار‬/ ‫ رسم‬/ ‫مسوده‬
4-Prepositions
unusual for ‫ غير معتاد على‬fall on ( an area )/ fall from ( the sky) ‫يقع‬
cause\ do terrible damage to ‫ يسبب تلف لـ‬take in / at the center of ‫يمتص \ فى منتصف‬
depend on ‫ يعتمد على‬with high temperatures ‫بدرجه حراره عاليه‬
get heat / light from ‫ يحصل على حراره من‬have problems with ‫عندة مشاكل مع \ فى‬
v to be + right to‫مصدر‬ ‫ عنده حق أن‬afraid of ‫اسم‬/ to ‫ مصدر‬/ that ‫خائف من \ يخشى أن‬
absorbed in (into) = soak up ‫ منغمس فى‬afraid for ‫خائف على‬
39
look straight (directly)at ‫ ينظر مباشره الى‬warn ‫ شخص‬about (of) ‫يحذر من‬
catch sight of ‫ يلمح‬disappear beneath the sea ‫يختفي أسفل البحر‬
come into view ‫ يظهر‬a clap of thunder ‫قصف الرعد‬
ask for trouble ‫ يُعرض نفسه للمتاعب‬open to the public ‫مفتوح للجمهور‬
with lightning speed ‫ بسرعة البرق‬lift people off their feet ‫ترفع الناس من علي األرض‬
there is no means of ‫ ليس هناك وسيله لـ‬What/How on earth…? ‫؟‬....) ‫يالة (تعبير للدهشه‬
from time to time ‫ من حين ألخر‬there is nothing wrong with ‫ليس هناك خطأ فى‬
result in=lead to=cause ‫ ينتج عن‬-‫ يؤدى الى‬block out / effect on ‫يحجب – يسد \ تأثير على‬
blow down\ in danger ‫ تهب \ فى خطر‬go out / refer to ‫يختفى – يطفى \ يشير الى‬
harmful to ‫ ضار لـ‬go round ( the sun) ‫يدور حول‬
5- Some verbs can go with some nouns
 make prediction about , people ill  do \ cause damage to , harm to
 give explanation to, heat, light ,  damage skin , sight ‫البصر‬
a ray of hope‫ بصيص من األمل‬ do research on , experiment on
 look directly at , straight at  go = become dark , blind
6- Grammar unit ( 9) " If " ‫قاعدة‬
:‫ البد النظر الى الطرف الثانى والمعنى عند األختيارى والتصحيح لتحديد الحاله‬: ‫ملحوظه هامه‬ ‫ حاالت‬If -1
0- If ) ‫ مضارع بسيط ( يمكن ان يكون أحد الطرفين مضارع مبنى للمجهول) ( حقائق علمية‬..…… ‫مضارع بسيط‬
1- If ‫ مضارع بسيط‬... ,will‫ \تأكيد‬may ‫ واالحتمال‬,can\ will be able to\ need to + (‫مصدر ) فى المستقبل‬
2- If‫ ……… ماضي بسيط‬,would, could, might +( ‫األحتمال الضعيف و والنصيحه مصدر ) فى المضارع‬
3- If‫ ……… ماضي تام‬,would , could, might + have +P.P ( ‫) فى الماضى‬ ‫لألستحااله والندم‬
: ‫مالحظات هامة عند اختيار الحاله الثانيه والثالثه‬
‫ مع كل الضمائر لالستحالة والنصيحة في الحالة الثانية‬was ‫ بدال من‬were ‫ تستخدم‬-1 : ‫الحالة الثانية‬
. Ex I would help her if I ( was – were- had been – am ) you
) s ( ‫ هناك أفعال تصرف في الماضي مثل المضارع ولكن تعرف أنها في الماضي بأنها ال يضاف لها حرف ألـ‬-2
) he ,she, it ( ‫مع الضمائر المفرد الغائب وهى‬
He ,she ,it + read , put off , put on , cost , set , hit , cut S ‫أفعال ماضي ألنها بدون الـ‬
. Ex He(will understand – would understand) the lesson if he read it
) ‫) كأفعال في الماضي البسط وليس ماضي تام ( حالة ثانية‬had to + ‫ ) ) و ( مصدر‬had + ‫– تعامل ( اسم‬3
) ‫ ) كفعل في الماضي التام ( حالة ثالثة‬pp+ had ( ‫ولكن تعامل‬
. Ex If I had enough money , I ( would buy – will buy – would have bought) a car
‫ كحالة ثانية ونختار ماصي بسط‬would have to ( ) ‫ و ) ( مصدر‬would have ( ) + ‫ تعامل ) اسم‬-4
‫ ) كحالة ثالثة ونختار ماصي تام‬would have + pp ( ‫ولكن تعامل‬
.Ex If you ( come – came – had come ) , you would have a happy time
.If you ( come – came – had come ) , you would have had a happy time
‫ ) ولكن تعرف أنها‬d' ‫ إلى‬would ‫ و‬had ( ‫ يمكن اختصار كل من‬- : ‫الحالة الثالثة‬
+ would ( ‫ مصدر‬+ d' ( = )‫ولكن ( مصدر‬ ) d + pp'( =)had+ pp(
the appointment, I 'd have come . Ex If I (knew –'d know-'d known know)
) If ‫( ثانيا ما يساوي‬
1-If = provided that = provided = providing = as long as = when‫فى الحالة األولى‬ + ‫ فاعل‬+ ‫ فعل‬If ‫تساوى‬
Ex I will lend you my car as long as you drive carefully.
: ‫ ماعدا ال يأتي بعدها نفي مباشرة ومعناها ( اذا لم) وتساى كل من‬If ‫ مثل قاعده‬Unless ‫ قاعدة‬2 -
Unless =(If /as long as /provided that + .not ( - 2 ‫ =( فعل منفى‬If ( ( except if ‫ينطبق عليهم جميع حاالت‬
Ex We'll come early unless there is traffic jam =We 'll come early if there is not traffic jam
3- If I were you , I would + ‫ فاعل‬+=‫ مصدر‬should \ought to \ had better + ‫مصدر ( ( للنصيحة‬
* If‫ ماض بسيط \ مضارع بسيط‬+ ‫ = فاعل‬Should ( ‫) حالة أولى أو ثانية‬ ......., ‫ فاعل‬+ ‫مصدر‬.
* If ‫ماض بسيط‬+ ‫= فاعل‬Were ‫ فاعل‬to ‫مصدر‬,..*If I were you/ ‫=اسم‬Were I you / ( ‫اسم‬... ‫حاله ثانية‬
* If ‫ فاعل‬+ had + pp ……….= Had ‫فاعل‬pp…………… , ……………………… ( ‫)حاله ثالثة‬
Ex If he had found the book ,he would have studied =Had he found the book, he would have studied

40
 4-If + ‫ فعل ( حسب الحالة‬+ ‫ = فاعل‬In case of / by + V + ing \ ‫اسم‬
In the event of / With ‫ صفة‬+‫اسم‬
Ex. In case of his illness ,he can’t come. (If) * If he is ill he can’t come.
5-Unless \ except if \If…not + ‫ فعل‬+ ‫ = فاعل‬But for/ Without + v + ing / ‫ صفة‬+‫اسم \ اسم‬
Without \ But for + ‫ = اسم‬If it were not for + ................)‫( فى الحالة الثانية‬ ‫اسم‬
Without \ But for + ‫ = اسم‬If it hadn’t been for + )‫اسم …………( فى الحالة الثالثة‬
Ex Without his help, I would have lost. = If it hadn't been for his help, I would have lost.
UNIT9
:Choose the correct answer
1.The best thing about our holiday to Iceland was our visit to see the (geyser - gear – grease – goose)
2.If it rains so hard that the soil cannot (include – consist – absorb - develop) water quickly enough, there are
floods.
3.When there is a/an (tips – eclipse – lips - drips), of the sun, everything goes dark and the birds stop singing.
4.You cannot see ultraviolet (pays – trays - rays – lays), but they can still damage your skin.
5.She does not need to wear glasses. There is nothing wrong with her (sight – hearing – feeling - head).
6.Scientists are not sure what causes volcanoes to (adapt – adopt – erupt - corrupt).
7.Greece and Spain are in (south – southern – southerly – the south) Europe.
8.An eclipse of the sun is a strange natural (phenomenon – photocopy – photocell - phobia).
9.Storms can (behave – favour – disturb - occur) at any time and in any place.
10.It has not rained here for five months. It is the longest (doubt – draught – drought - drift) anyone can
remember.
11.When I was a child, I used to be afraid of storms. I covered my eyes so that I could not see the (tightening
– sighting – lighting - lightning).
12.Alexandria is in the (north – northern – northerly - westerly) of Egypt.
13.Electrical storms are a common (assurance – clearance – occurrence - disappearance) in our part of the
country.
14.These trees have grown (centrally – phenomenally – classically - critically) tall in the last two years.
15.Where we live, the wind usually blows in a (southerly – south – west - east) direction.
16.Very (wide – broad - high – big) temperatures can make people ill.
17.The city was destroyed by high waves and (cruel – violent – unkind – aggressive) storms.
18.Storms can cause (curious - serious – strong - high) damage.
19.(Important – Strong – Heavy - Rich) rain and strong winds destroyed buildings all over the country.
20.Denmark is in (north – northern – northerly) Europe.
21.To (cause – reason – occur – take place) means to make something happen.
22.A (fright – bright – delight - drought) is a long period of no rain.
23.(Lighting – Lightning – Shining - Beaming) is the light you see during an electrical storm.
24.A (phrase – phase – phenomenon - praise) is something unusual that happens.
25.(Northern – Southern – Western - Eastern) means in or from the north part of a country or area.
26.(Fight – Night – Light - Sight) is the ability to see.
27.A (geyser – pond – lake - ocean) is a hole in the earth from which hot water can rise.
28.(Ultrasonic - Ultraviolet – extra violet – violet)rays means light which can make people's skin go darker.
29.A/An(storm – drought – darkness - Eclipse) occurs when the sun or moon seems to disappear, because
one of them is passing between the other and the Earth.
30.The earthquake (resulted – caused – prevented - avoided) millions of people to abandon their homes.
31.Sugar (occurs – happens – takes place – finds) naturally in fruit.
32.Why on (the earth – the ground – floor – earth) are you shouting at me?
33.They drove their car in an easterly (direction – deduction – production – connection).
34.The ultraviolet rays cause the skin to (bring – come – go - lose) darker.
35.The two boys have been seen (heading – headed – to head - heads) for the beach.
36.He began to lose his (sight – sights – nights – fights) six years ago.
37.I (put on – wear - dress – put off) the kids before I go to work.
38. Central Africa is suffering one of the worst (droughts – days – weeks – months) of the century. There is
almost no rain there.
39.The very cold weather caused the river (frozen – freezing - to freeze - freezes)
41
 40.I (do – am doing – have done – had done) believe in hard work as the only road to success.
:Find the mistakes in each of the following sentences then write them correctly
16-Droughts and heavy rainfall are not a modern phenomena
17-The river floated and killed thousands of people.
18-Strange weather can occurrence all over the world.
19-The city disappeared above the sea.
20-The most windy place in the world is Port Martin in Antarctica.
21-The wind was so strong that it lifted people on their feet.
22-Storm eaters are people who find and follow storms.
23-Extremely weather conditions affect people badly.
24-Why on land did you leave the gate open?
25-Some African countries are suffering from starvation and draught.
26-His illness caused him missing the meeting.
27-When there is heavy rain, the earth cannot disturb all the water.
28-If your site is poor, you should not drive a car.
29-On Wednesday, there will be a partial clips of the sun.
30- The play had excellent lightning effects.
:Choose the correct answer: Choose the correct answer
26. (Unless – If – Without – But for) I had gone to England, I would have met my pen friend.
27. (If – Unless – In case of – Without) we didn't get heat and light from the sun, there would be no life on
Earth.
28. If you (take – took – had taken – takes) the temperature at the sun's centre, you'd find it was 15 million
degrees.
29. If you look at the sun, you (would – will – would have – might have) damage your sight.
30. (Would it be – Could it be – Is it – Was it) OK if you look at the sun wearing sunglasses?
31. If he hadn't looked at the sun, he (won't have – will have – wouldn't have – would have) damaged his sight.
32. If it hadn't rained so heavily, we (would have – have – have had – wouldn't have had) floods.
33. I would go to the moon if I (am asked – were asked – have been asked – had been asked).
34. If it (is – were – had been – was) very hot tomorrow, we will not go to the beach.
35. People who live near volcanoes leave home if they (erupted – had erupted – would erupt – erupt).
36. If I were you, I (shall – would – can – may) listen to the weather forecast before deciding where to go
tomorrow.
37. If the storm had reached the city, houses and shops (would have destroyed – would be destroyed – would
have been destroyed – will be destroyed).
38. What (happens – would happen – would have happened – will happen) if a huge storm hit the coast of
Egypt?
39. If there (had been – were – are – have been) clouds in the sky tonight, you will not be able to see the moon.
40. If it had been an eclipse, the sky (would have gone – will go – might go – should go) dark.
41. If I (had discovered – discovered – discover – have discovered) a planet, I would give it my aunt's name.
42. (Unless – Without – If – In case of) there was an eclipse of the sun in my country, I would definitely watch
it.
43. (Were – If – In case of – Unless) you watch the sky on a clear night, you can see stars and planets.
44. If you wear a hat, your face (won't get – wouldn't get – wouldn't have got – should have got) burnt.
45. It is better for your eyes (without – in case of – were – if) you wear glasses.
46. (If – Unless – Should – Had) you hadn't spent so long in the sun, you wouldn't have got burnt.
47. If it's warm and sunny tomorrow, I (go – might go – would have gone – will go) swimming.
48. What (will happen – would happen – might have happened – happened) if the volcano erupted?
49. What would have happened if there (was – were – have been – had been) a flood here?
50. If the storm (reach – reached – had reached – reaches) our area, trees will be blown down and houses will be
damaged.
:Find the mistakes in each of the following sentences then write them correctly
1-If the volcano erupted yesterday, most people would have left their homes.
2-In case of the flood had been here, houses would have been damaged.
3-If I haven't taken those photos, I wouldn't have remembered our holiday.
4-I'll call you if I needed any help.
42
 5-If there hadn't been a doctor on the train yesterday, the man would die.
6-If his father hadn't help him, his business will fail.
7-Unless she had been absent from school last week, she will understand the lesson.
8-If she were honest, she will do her job well.
9-If he were a lawyer, he helps me.
10-Had he seen the signal, he wouldn't make that accident.
11-If you heat ice, it would turn to water.
12-If you didn't like this shirt, I'll bring you another.
13-Unless I had had a quiet room, I won't be able to do any work.
14-In case of I find your passport, I'll telephone you at once.
15-If I realize it was such a long way, I would have taken a taxi.

Test on Unit 9

A- Language Functions
1- Respond to the following situations:
5-Someone says that reading books is a waste of time. Disagree, giving a reason.
6-A friend asks you what you think about the last football World Cup matches.
7-Someone asks you where your friend Ali is. You are almost certain he is on holiday.
8-A friend suggests that you go on a picnic together. Suggest something else.

2- Mention the place , the speakers and the language function in each of the following two mini-
dialogues:
3-A: How often should I water this plant?
B: This is a house plant. It should be watered every 2 weeks.
A: How much is it? ------------------ : Place
B: Twenty pounds. Speaker A: ---------------
Speaker B : ---------------
4-A: Drop me off here, please. How much do you want? Function : ---------------
B: It's seven pounds on the meter.
A: Here you are.
3- Choose the correct answer:
17-If you (walk – are walking – walked – had walked) all the way, it would take about 3 hours.
18-I would go to the beach if it (is – had been – is being – were) summer.
19-I (watch – would watch – would have watched – watched) the football match if they showed it on TV.
20-If I (were – had been – am – were being) you, I'd listen to the weather forecast before going for a picnic.
21-If you had not phoned, I (won't know – wouldn't know – wouldn't have known) you were back from your
holiday.
22-If I (don't go – hadn't gone – didn't go – hasn't gone) to that school, I wouldn't have met you.
23-If it had continued raining, the town (would have flooded – would flood – will flood – might flood).
24-If he (is – were – had been – was) taller, he would have been a basketball player.
25-It should be snowing now according to the (climate – weather – air – atmosphere) forecast.
26-Some storms are very unusual and may (result – reason – cause – find) terrible damage.
27- The report (forecasts – casts – coasts – costs) that prices will rise by 3% next month.
28-A violent storm (fit – hit – met – set) the area and destroyed some houses.
29- There has been below average (rainbow – raincoat – rainforest – rainfall) this month.
30-The sea flooded and killed (round – above – around – beneath) 2000 people.
31-Unusual weather is becoming more common with very (high – wide – strong – big) or low
temperatures.
32-The worst flood in (geography – history – chemistry – biology) occurred in China in 1887.
4- Find the mistakes in each of the following sentences then write them correctly:
7-If she had listened to my directions last night, she wouldn't turn down the wrong street.
8-In case of I had a degree, I could get a job easily.
9-If she is late, we are going without her.
10-When exactly did the accident concur?
43
11-If the draught continues, there is going to be a famine.
12-There was a violent storm with thunder and lighting.

6- Read the passage then answer the questions:

Do you know how dangerous stress can be? It affects us both physically and mentally, so reducing stress is
something that we should all try to do. While many people feel that the best way to get rid of stress is some
form of exercise, there are other ways which are just as effective.
The benefits of physical exercise are obvious. First of all, keeping fit helps your body stay strong and
healthy. Therefore you are less likely to get sick or suffer from stress – related health problems such as heart
attacks and cancer. Furthermore, exercise is a good way to get rid of frustration and anger, because after
exercise the brain produce hormones called endorphins which make us feel good.
On the other hand, if you are out of shape, exercise can be quite painful. You may pull a muscle or injure
yourself. Furthermore, exercising may even cause more stress since it will add to your already hectic
schedule.
In conclusion, the best way to combat stress in our lives is to live a healthy life. As James Freeman Clark
says, "Never hurry. Take plenty of exercise. Always be cheerful. Take all the sleep you need. You may
expect to be well".
A. Answer the following questions:
1-How can we avoid stress-related health problems?
2-Find words in the passage which mean: a) clear b) very busy
3-What does the underlined word it refer to?
B. Choose the correct answer:
4-According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true:
a) Endorphins are produced after exercise.
b) Exercise has mental and physical benefits.
c) People who are under stress need exercise.
d) Taking exercise makes you wealthy.
5-Endorphins can make you feel (lazy – very tired – energetic – unhappy).
D- Writing
8- Write a paragraph of about 100 words about: (June, 2005)
"Computers in society?"
Write about the different areas in which we use computers.
9- A)Translate into Arabic: (June, 2000)
Some scientists have found that people are more likely to catch a cold when they are unhappy or under
stress. This is because the immune system is less efficient when we are worried. Doctors have also found
out that people with mild colds get better if the doctor is kind.
B) Translate into English:
.‫ تُنشأ المكتبات العامة في كل مكان لتشجيع أفراد األسرة علي القراءة‬-1
. ‫ يقاس تقدم األمم بمدي اهتمامها بقضايا البيئة علي مختلف أنواعها‬-2
1-The Vocabulary of Unit ( 10) : Science and Scientists
achieve / achievement ‫ ينجز \ انجاز‬- ‫ يحقق‬Theory / theorically ‫نظرية \ نظريا‬
cancer ( incurable – serious) ‫ مرض السرطان‬amount ‫ مقدار‬/ ‫كمية‬
a cure for / cure of ‫ عالج لـ \ يعالج من‬Visible(see) # invisible (can't see) ‫ غير مرئى‬# ‫مرئى‬
diabetes ( sugar in blood) ‫ مرض السكر‬release ‫ اطالق‬/ ‫يطلق‬
diabetic ( v to be) ‫ مصاب بمرض السكر‬gain weight ‫يزداد فى الوزن‬
gradually ‫ بالتدريج‬regularly ‫بانتظام‬
result of ‫ نتيجة‬process ( natural) ‫عملية‬
specialist / specialize in ‫أخصائى \ يتخصص فى‬ get together = meet ‫يتقابل‬
Unit ( 11) : The Count of Monte Cristo
finance (n / v) \finance ‫ يمول \ موارد مالية‬- ‫ تمويل‬accuse of = charge with ‫يتهم بـ‬
lecturer ( gives lectures) ‫ ُمحاضر‬envious of / envy ‫حسود \ يحسد – حسد‬
historical ‫ تاريخى‬fiancée / fiancé ‫خطيبة \ خطيب‬

44
 object to ( v+ ing \ ‫(اسم‬v)) ‫ يعترض علي‬recognize ‫يتعرف علي مالمح شخص‬
assistant ‫ ( مساعد‬take -get –have) revenge on ‫ ينتقم‬/ ‫ االنتقام‬/ ‫الثأر‬
imprisonment (for life) ‫ السجن‬/ ‫ الحبس‬treason )‫الخيانة ( الوطن‬
playwright (writes plays) ‫ كاتب مسرحي‬victim ‫ضحية‬
3- Language Notes:
see ‫ المفعول‬+ v + ing ‫ جزء من الحدث‬tasty = delicious ‫ لذيذ الطعم‬alone ‫بمفردة‬
‫فاعل‬expect ‫ فاعل‬will + ‫مصدر‬ tasteful ‫ ( لدية ذوق رفيع‬feel ) lonely ‫يشعر بالوحده‬
‫ فاعل‬expected ‫ فاعل‬would + ‫مصدر‬ testy = irritable ‫ عصبي الغضب‬only ‫فقط‬
cure ‫( مرض) باعطاء دواء‬ ‫ يعالج‬regrettable )‫يؤسف له (شيء‬ pricey = expensive ‫غالي الثمن‬
heal (bone-wound)( ‫ كسور‬- ‫ يلتئم(جروح‬regretful )‫ شاعر بالندم (شخص‬priceless ‫ال يُقدَر بثمن‬
compare with‫يقارن‬ ‫ لتوضيح االختالف‬series )‫ أفالم‬/ ‫ كتب‬/ ‫سلسلة (أحداث‬ factor )‫عامل (جمعها عوامل‬
compare to ‫ يشبه \ يقارن لتوضيح التشابه‬serious ‫ خطير‬/ ‫جاد‬ factory = works ‫مصنع‬
recognize ‫ يتعرف على مالمحه – مظهره‬accuse + ‫ الشخص‬+ of ‫ يتهم بـ‬be (get )+ married to ‫متزوج من‬
identify ‫يتعرف على هويته‬ charge + ‫الشخص‬+ with ‫ يتهم بـ‬married with ‫متزوج ولديه أطفال‬
gain (weight /speed /height))‫ارتفاع‬/‫سرعة‬/‫ يزداد في( وزن‬- As + ‫وظيفه‬ He works as a teache
gain ‫) يكتسب شيئ معنوى‬information / knowledge ‫ معرفة‬- Such as = for example.
/experience /reputation(
/reputation( ‫سمعة‬ - the same as = like ‫للتشبية‬
win ‫ يفـوز بـ‬/ ‫( يكسـب‬a game/ a race ‫ سباق‬/a medal / a - As = because
competition ‫مسابقة‬/a
‫مسابقة‬/a cup / match ) - As = while
beat ‫ * يهزم‬earn (money / earn a living)‫عمل‬
living)‫ يكسب من عمل‬- ‫ صفه‬+ -as = although
‫ جملة مثبتة‬---and so + ‫ فاعل‬+ ‫فعل مساعد‬ mention ( ‫يذكر شيء( باختصار‬
 Ahmad likes football and so do I. inform )‫ يبلغ (بطريقة رسمية‬/‫يخبر‬
‫ جملة منفية‬--and neither + ‫فاعل‬+ ‫فعل مساعد‬ a number of + ‫فعل جمع‬
Ahmad doesn't like tennis and neither do I the number of + ‫فعل مفرد‬
4- Prepositions
specialize in ‫ يتخصص فى‬test… with (experiments) ‫ بـ‬.... ‫يجرب‬
find a cure for ‫ يجد عالج لـ‬change from… into ‫الى‬... ‫يتحول من‬
pass down through ‫ ينتقل من خالل‬soak up = take in = absorb ‫يمتص‬
released back into ‫ يطلق صراحه مره ثانيه الى‬cause of / reason for ‫ مبرر‬/‫سبب‬
benefit from ‫ يستفيد من‬decided to‫ مصدر‬/ get over ‫يقرر أن \ يتغلب على‬
useful to \ careful about ‫ مفيد لـ \حريص على‬succeed in = pass ‫ينجح فى \ يجتاز‬
keep up with ‫ يساير – يواكب‬prove a theory of ‫يثبت نظريه‬
look on the internet ‫ يبحث على األنترنت‬put into / run out (of‫)مفعول‬ ‫يوضع فى \ يستنفذ‬
find out about ‫ يستفسر عن‬worried about/ important for ‫قلق على \ مهم لـ‬
compare results with ‫ يقارن النتائج مع‬sorry for /dream of (v+ing) ‫يتأسف لـ \ يحلم بـ‬
object to +( v+ ing ) (‫)اسم‬ ‫ يعترض على‬on his birthday ‫فى عيد ميالده‬
accuse of = charge with ‫ يتهم بـ‬a victim of ‫ضحية لـ‬
bring up / rescue from ‫ يربى \ ينقذ من‬v to be (get) married to ‫يتزوج من‬
on his wedding ‫ فى ليله زفافه‬escape from ‫يهرب من‬
Be + sent to prison ‫ يرسل الى السجن‬take care of ‫يعتنى بـ‬
teach about / write for ‫ يعلم عن \ يكتب لـ‬take/ get/ have revenge (on) )‫ينتقم من (شخص‬
suffer from ‫ يعاني من‬in revenge for )‫انتقاما َ لـ (شيئ‬
keep at home ‫ يظل فى المنزل‬help ‫ شخص‬with ‫شيئ‬ ‫يساعد شخص فى‬
envious of = look with envy ‫ حسود لـ‬at the beginning of ‫فى بداية‬
inform of / about ‫ يبلغ بـ‬/ ‫ يخبر بـ‬in recognition of ‫ تقديرا لـ‬/ ‫اعترافا بـ‬
jealous of ‫ غيور من‬friendly to ‫ودود مع‬
catch up with ‫ يساير – يواكب‬write under different names ‫يكتب تحت اسماء‬
5- Some verbs can go with some nouns
 gain weight  make Sure,decision,discoveryimprovement
 give explanation  do experiments, well, better‫ يتحسن‬, revision, research
 make: a list , money  tell : truth , lies  Write: in style , under names
 reach agreement  miss : school  get : married , credit lose weight
45
 6- Grammar unit ( 10 ) Wishes and regrets " ( wish = If only) " "‫" األمنيات والندم‬
‫ البد أن يأتى بعدهم فعل ماضى فقط وال يأتى فعل مضارع وال مستقبل على األطالق بعدهم‬-1
.Ex I wish I (live – have lived – will live – lived) near you
‫ اذا كانت الجملة في زمن المضارع يأتي بعدهم الفعل ماضي بسيط‬-2
.I wish I (see –saw- had seen – could see) him now
‫ إذا كانت الجملة في زمن الماضي البسيط يأتي بعدهم الفعل ماضي تام‬-3
I wish I (see –saw- had seen – could see) him yesterday
I , we ‫ مــع‬.+  could ‫مصدر‬ ‫ إذا كانت الجملة مستقبل يأتي بعدهم‬-4
he, she ,it, they ,you‫ مــع باقي الضمائر‬+  would ‫مصدر‬
.I wish I (would meet – met - had met – could meet) him tomorrow
.I wish they (would meet – met - had met – could meet) him tomorrow
: wish = If only ( ( ‫ الحظ أن‬-1 : ‫الحظ‬
I wish I had seen him yesterday. = If only I had seen him yesterday.
‫ مع كل الضمائر بعدها لألستحاله اذا كانت األمنيه فى المضارع‬were ‫ تستخدم‬-2
. I wish I were in London now .  I wish the car were cheap
 I wish to be a doctor ( to (‫ مصدر يأتى‬wish 3- ‫اذا لم يوجد فاعل بعد‬
) I wish ‫ فاعل‬+ ‫ تساوى ( ماضي تام منفى‬regret ( ‫ بعد‬ing ‫ في حالة وجود ( فعل مضاف له‬-4
I regret selling my car. = I wish I had not sold my car.
B) Grammar unit ( 11
The Past Perfect Continuous Tense " )
(had been + v + ing) 1- ‫ويتكون من‬:
‫أ) يستخدم الماضي التام المستمر ليعبر عن حدث استمر لفترة في الماضي قبل وقوع حدث آخر‬
I have been waiting for three hours before the train arrived.
His clothes were dirty because he had been repairing the car all morning. ‫ب)إلعطاء مبرر أو سبب لشيئ في‬
1-when / before/ because \ ‫ ماضى بسيط‬+ since / for/ all day / all weekend ‫يستخدم‬-2 ‫مع العالمات األتية‬
2- ‫ماضى تام مستمر‬ When + suddenly ‫ماضى بسيط‬
3-How long had you been + v + ing ... + when / before ‫ماضى بسيط‬ ?
‫ يأتي عادة مع أفعال يمكن أن تستغرق فترة طويلة مثل‬: ‫ ملحوظه‬:
wait / do /study / live /work /stay /play /watch / sleep /paint /read /write /talk/run/walk /travel /plan
UNIT10
Choose the correct answer:
1.The (result – outlet – insult – revolt) of the experiment surprised everyone.
2.You will never (relieve – approve – achieve – believe) very much if you do not work hard.
3.At school, students learn many subjects, but when they get to university, they usually (realize – economize –
specialize – symbolize).
4.Scientists often do experiments to prove a particular (theory – habit – custom – tradition).
5.I found playing the guitar very difficult at first, but in the last two weeks I've (artificially – brutally - gradually
– cheerfully) improved.
6.People who have (diagnosis – diabetes – dialects – diary) must be very careful about what they eat.
7.There are some sports where it is good to (earn – win – defeat – gain) weight, rather than lose it.
8.Farmers water their crops (regularly – bitterly – disorderly – formerly) to make sure they grow well.
9.The little boy who was hiding behind the door thought he was (divisible – edible – legible – invisible), but
you could just see the top of his head.
10.If you don't turn the taps off, you can waste a huge (number - amount – account – discount) of water in a
short time.
11.Leaves falling from trees in the autumn is a completely natural (excess – business – process – pretence).
12.She has been (diabetic – athletic – allergic - sympathetic) since she was a child. There is too much sugar in
her blood.
13.His greatest (agreement – arrangement –achievement - discouragement) was becoming the captain of the
national team when he was 16.
14.There was a (manual – punctual – spiritual -gradual) improvement in her schoolwork.

46
15.My doctor didn't know what was wrong with me, so he sent me to see a (geologist – specialist – physicist –
zoologist).
16.(Artistically – Atomically – Theoretically - Historically), anyone can travel to the moon.
17.To (attach – attribute – challenge – achieve) is to succeed in doing something.
18.A/An (theory – practice – experience - experiment) is an explanation for something that has not yet been
proved to be true.
19.A/An (operation – experiment – process - illness) is a series of events or changes that happen naturally.
20.(Fever – Paralysis – Flu – Cancer) is a serious disease in which cells in someone's body grow in a way that is
not normal.
21.Something which is (compatible – invisible – audible - flexible) is impossible to see.
22. (Gradually – Actually – Mutually - Individually) means something that happens slowly, over a long time.
23.A/An (cause – reason - result - explanation) is something that happens or exists because of something else.
24.To (nationalize – terrorize – sterilize - specialize) is to limit most of your study, business, etc., to a particular
subject or activity.
25.An/A (amount – number – equal - extract) means how much of something there is.
26.To (please – decrease – increase - release) means to stop holding something.
27.She gave a (supplies - series – process – service) of lectures at Cairo University.
28.The balloon (raised – aroused - rose – arose) gently in the air.
29.Her parents died when she was a baby and she was (rose – aroused – arose raised) by her grandparents.
30.(As – Like – So – If) it was getting late, I decided to book into a hotel.
31.I've been working all day, but I feel as if I've (attracted – attended - achieved – attempted) nothing.
32.(Gradually – Mathematically – Electrically – Archaeologically), she realized that he wasn't telling her the
truth.
33.Some scientists still believe in Darwin's (function - theory – diary – delivery) of evolution.
34.I enjoy working in general medicine, but I hope to be able to (characterize – destabilize – specialize –
familiarize) in the future.
35.His broken leg is the direct (result – series – process – sequence) of his own carelessness.
36.These bacteria are (visible – feasible – practical – invisible) unless viewed with a microscope.
37.I (won – took – did – gained) a lot of weight while I was on holiday.
38.They suspected that she had killed him but they could never actually (improve – deprive – prune – prove)
that it was her.
39.She was arrested for shoplifting but was (released – based – chased – cheated) on bail.
40.A (clue – cube – pure - cure) has not been found for this disease yet.

Find the mistakes in each of the following sentences then write them correctly:
31-Do you come here regularity? –No, I've only been here once before.
32-The scientist decided to test the theory with experiences.
33-How much do you weight?
34-As most people, he thought that plants get their food from soil.
35-These trees grow well in a sandy cell.
36-He planted a small tree in a put.
37-He proved the old wallpaper and filled the holes in the walls.
38-John has earned a lot of weight recently.
39-He paid regular numbers of money to a charity.
40-The company holds burglar meetings with employees.
41-His height was the like as it had been five years earlier.
42-Using a telescope, Galileo discovered stars that were indivisible to the naked eye.
43-Ageing is the natural recess of getting old.
44- Carbon stored in trees is pleased as carbon dioxide.
45-This restaurant realizes in seafood.
:Choose the correct answer
51.I don't have a washing machine. I wish I (have – am having – had – had had) one.
52.He wished he (had studied – was studying – has been studying – studied) medicine at university 5 years ago.
53.They wish they (can – shall – could – should) speak French.
54.She wishes she (has had – had – will have – can have) more time.
47
55.She wishes she (listens – is listening – would listen – had listened) to the teacher's advice last year.
56.If only I (hadn't forgotten – didn't forget – wouldn't forget – hasn't forgotten) where I put my mobile phone
yesterday.
57.Leila wishes she (will – should – could – may) read faster.
58.I'm really tired this morning. I wish I (slept – was sleeping – had slept – could sleep) more last night.
59.Ali wishes he (might – ought to – has to - could) come to the party, but he is not feeling well.
60.I wish I (don't lend - had not lent – couldn't lend – haven't lent) her my dictionary. I found two pages missing.
61.I wish I (don't fall – couldn't fall - hadn't fallen - fell) off my bike. I broke my leg.
62.I wish I (hadn't driven – didn't drive – haven't drive – couldn't drive) so fast. I had a terrible accident.
63.If only I (do – did – had done – have done) more revision this year. I got very bad marks in the exam.
64.I just wish I (worked – had worked – work – had been working) harder last year. I would have earned more
money.
65.I wish there (is – has been - were – to be) something I was really interested in.
66.They wish they (hadn't spent – didn't spend – haven't spent – weren't spent) all their money in the holidays
last year.
67.I wish I (know – have known – were knowing – knew) where my friends were.
68.He wishes he (is - was – will be – may be) better at sport.
69.She wishes she (had remembered – remembers – has remembered – was remembering) to phone her parents
to say she was going to be late.
70.I wish I (didn't say – wouldn't say – couldn't say - hadn't said) those things yesterday. My friend was really
upset.
:Find the mistakes in each of the following sentences then write them correctly
15.Ali wishes he may see his friends at the party tomorrow.
16.If only I stay in my last job. My current job is so boring.
17.I wish shops here deliver. You have to go and get everything by yourself.
18.If only you rolled up the carpet before painting the ceiling. Now you need to buy a new one.
19.I wish I went to the movie with you last night.
20.I wish I had yesterday off. I'd have gone swimming.
21.I wish I am in Alexandria now.
22.I wish I have time to watch TV, but I am so busy.
23.I hope I had time to watch TV tonight.
24.If only I apply for that job a year ago.
25.I wish I am old enough to vote. I am still 15.
26.The boss wishes speaking to you right now.
27.If only I can go with you tonight, but my parents won't let me.
28.I wish I don't listen to him. He only wasted my time.
UNIT11
:Choose the correct answer: Choose the correct answer
1.Famous artists sometimes had (participants - assistants – applicants – descendants) to help them.
2.Shakespeare is one of the world's most famous (playwrights – scenarists – adventurers – footballers)
3.My uncle works, as a maths (laborer – admirer – torturer – lecturer) at the university in Alexandria.
4.I really (refuse – disapprove – hate – object) to people using mobile phones in the library.
5.After five years' (imprisonment – investment – instrument – involvement), the criminal wanted to live as an
honest man.
6.I'm very interested in the past. That's why I like (geographical - historical – archaeological – physical) novels.
7.Accountants help people with their (fiancées – fireplaces – fences – finances).
8.Some of Edmond's friends (blamed – charged – accused – counted) him of something he had not done.
9.They were (ambitious – anxious – infectious – envious) of him because he was happy and successful.
10.Edmond was planning to get married to his (fancies – fiancée – nominee – guarantee).
11.After he was arrested, Edmond was sent to prison (with – in - for – of) life.
12.Edmond escaped (at – into – about – from) prison and found Faria's hidden treasure.
13.Edmond objected (in - to – with – from) his friends' accusations.
14.Edmond (blamed – appointed – rescued – asked) Valentine from her cruel family.
15.I studied modern European (history – historian – historic – historical) at college.
16.He works as a (beneficial – superficial - financial - artificial) adviser to the prime minister.
48
17.She travelled widely in North America, (picturing – assuring – measuring – lecturing) on women's rights.
18.The army arrived to (assist – resist – insist – protest) in the search.
19.Her (injection – function - objection – instruction) to the plan is based on incorrect facts.
20.The children had a/an (argument – arrangement – armament - management) about who had won the race.
21.Staying late at school was his (reward – award – punishment - astonishment) for talking in class.
22.The politicians could not reach an/a (abandonment – agreement – achievement - attainment) on what to do
next.
23.The (accumulation – accommodation – allocation – accusation) against Edmond was false.
24.The crime of being disloyal to your country is called (reason – treason – raisin – purpose).
25.To (cause – accomplish – accuse – account) means to say someone had done something wrong or illegal.
26.Something you do to punish someone who has harmed you is called (change – exchange – challenge –
revenge).
27.To (recognize – memorize – authorize - theorize) means to know someone because you have seen them
before.
28.Someone who has been hurt by someone or something is a/an (accused – judge – victim - prey).
29.Wishing you had something that someone else has means that you are (previous – impervious – envious -
oblivious).
30.You shouldn't leave a child (only - alone – lonely – loneliness) in the house.
31.She (signed – designed - resigned – tired) from the government last week and she's going to set up her own
business.
32.She's got an enormous amount of work to do and so (do – have – did – can) I.
33.Ahmed left just after midnight and (so did – neither did – so has – neither has) Peter.
34.She didn't know the answer and (so did I – neither didn't I – neither did I – so have I).
35. He was being very careful (of – at – in – with) the coffee so as not to spill it.
36.He strongly (objected – rejected – injected – joined) to the terms of the contract.
37.If she is guilty, she will be (imagined – imitated – improved – imprisoned) for at least six years.
38.I really (navy – envy – wavy - heavy ) you. You have so much money.
39.The man managed to escape (of – in – from – with) prison.
40.He left as a poor, working class boy and returned as an extremely (wealthy – filthy – sympathy – healthy)
man.
:Find the mistakes in each of the following sentences then write them correctly
46-She refused to answer questions about her personal fences.
47-He has just finished reading a historian novel.
48-My uncle is a torturer in French literature at Cairo University.
49-The committee strongly injected to the report's recommendations.
50-They caused him without any proof.
51-Ahmed was infectious of Ali's success.
52-She is my divorcee. We are going to get married in October.
53-It was swine flu, but Dr. Peter hadn't economized the symptoms.
54-He took range on his employers by setting fire to the factory.
55-He was convicted of high season and sentenced to death.
56-Heart attack victors stand a better chance if they are treated immediately.
57-She helped me with my facial problems. She lent me a lot of money.
58-She stared at him without recession for a few seconds. Then she remembered him.
59- You've made a lot of accumulations but you haven't come up with any evidence to support them.
60-He has an excusable reputation as a heart surgeon. All his colleagues envy him.
 Choose the correct answer:
1-I didn’t write to my friend until I (have received-had received-will receive-was received) his letter.
2-We (have had-had-had been having-had had) that car for ten years before it broke down.
3-When she went home she found that she (buy-has bought-had bought-would buy) the wrong book.
4-We (had played-has played-were playing-had been playing) tennis for only a few minutes when it started
raining.
5-The secretary left the office after (type-had typed-typed-typing) all the letters.
6-Hardly (he had heard-has he heard-had he heard-does he hear) the bad news when he got depressed.
7-It (had been snowing-had snowed-snowed-has snowed) for a while before we left.
49
8-I (have-has-had-was) already left the house when it began to rain.
9-They had no sooner left the house (when-what-then-than) it started to rain.
10-There were floods because it (had been raining-has been raining-was raining-rains) for three days.
11-By the time Alex finished his studies, he (was-had been-has been-is) in London for over eight years.
12-When I went to my friend's flat, she (already left-has already left-had already left-left) for school.
13-Last year, I spent a month in France. I (dream-had dreamt-has dreamt-was dreaming) of going there since I
was a child.
14-Leila and her husband (move-have moved-moved-had been moving) into their own flat last weekend. Before
that they had lived with Leila's parents.
15-My father retired last week. He (worked-has worked-has been working-had worked) for the same company
all his life.
16-Karim fell asleep during the football match because he (had gone-has gone-was going-is going) to bed late
the night before.
17-The fish was fresh when I (bought-had bought-was buying-have bought) it.
18-Ali ate a sandwich during the game because he (wasn't having-had not had-doesn't have-won't have) enough
time to eat before it started.
19-The doctor said that the patient (dies-died-had died-was dying) a few minutes before.
20-Hassan (borrows-has borrowed-borrowed-was borrowing) money from Ali because he had left his money at
home.
21-Adel asked which team was red because he (doesn't see-hasn't seen-can't see-had not seen) these teams
before.
22-I did not have any money because I (had lost-have lost-lost-lose) my wallet.
23-Paul (has looked-was looking-had been looking-looks) for work for over a year before he got a job.
24-The little children's clothes (are-have been-were being-were) dirty because they had been playing in the park
all day.
25-He (had been driving-was driving-drives-to drive) for only 3 weeks, so it is not surprising that he failed his
driving test.
26-I went to the doctor's yesterday evening because I (have been feeling-was feeling-had been feeling-feel) ill
for nearly a week.
27-When I got home, I was very tired. I (have been working-work-had been working-have worked) all day.
28-The town was flooded. It (has rained-had been raining-has been raining-rains) for 3 days.
29-After I (finish-have finished-had been finishing-had finished) my homework, I watched my favourite TV
programme.
30-She (worked-has been working-had worked-had been working) at that company for three years when it went
out of business.
 Rewrite using the word(s) in brackets to give the same meaning:
1- After we have seen our relatives, we went into town.
2-By the time she had finished writing her report, she had drunk six cups of tea.
3-Reem was repaired the statue before she replaced it on its stand.
4-Fatima was very tired because she has been travelling all day.
5-Mona admitted that she had finished the chocolate before Mother comes home.
6-Before had dinner with my family, I picked up a gift for my mother.
7-After the meeting, we returning to our offices to finish our work.
8-After we had dinner, we ate Hany’s chocolate cake.
9-Sherif had never heard of her before he meets her.
10- I didn’t thought of that before Ahmed mentioned it.
11- After his father had died, the mother doesn't send her son to school.
12- By the time Ahmed was 20, his father has spent all his money.
13- When I saw him, he hasn't finished his work yet.
14- He didn't know the truth until he reads the newspaper.
15- No sooner he had left the building than it collapsed.
16- I was terribly afraid because I have never flown before.
17- The child was so exhausted because he has been playing all day.
18- You have been waiting there for more than two hours when she finally arrived.
19- They had been talking for over an hour before Tony had arrived.
50
 20- Mike wanted to sit down because he has been standing all day at work.
Test on Unit 10
1- Respond to the following situations:
9-A friend is looking worried. You want to know why. What do you ask?
10-Someone asks if you had a good holiday. You enjoyed your holiday, but the weather was not very good.
This was a disappointment.
11-A friend asks what subject you would like to be better at.
12-Someone asks you about a school trip you went on. You learnt a lot, but you did not take as many photos
as you had planned to.
2- Mention the place , the speakers and the language function in each of the following two mini-dialogues:
5-A: Where can I find the dictionaries?
B: They are on the top shelf over there.
A: Can I borrow this one? ------------------ : Place
B: No, you can use it here only. Speaker A: ---------------
Speaker B : ---------------
6-A: How much is this vacuum cleaner? Function : ---------------
B: It's 2000 pounds.
A: OK. I'll buy it.
3- Choose the correct answer:
33-She spent a considerable (mount – count – discount – amount) of money on clothes.
34-I have been working all day , but I feel as if I have (chained - achieved – charged – challenged)
nothing.
35-(Diabetic – Parasitic – Aquatic - Gigantic) patients sometimes go into a coma.
36- (Annually – Manually – Gradually – Punctually), she realized that he wasn't telling her the truth.
37-The (ends - results – faults – salts) of the opinion poll showed that most women supported this action.
38-She's hired a lawyer who (vaporizes – sympathizes – summarizes – specializes) in divorce cases
39-I've asked my neighbour to (water – alter – barter – enter) the plants while I'm away.
40-You should check the plant for any (impossible – incredible - visible – admirable) signs of disease.
41-He is short. He wishes he (has been – had been – were – is) taller.
42-I wish I (know – knew – have known – was knowing) where my keys were.
43-I wish I (read – have read – was reading – had read) the exam questions more carefully yesterday.
44-I wish you (didn't waste – haven't wasted – wouldn't waste – hadn't wasted) so much time last year.
45-I wish I (could – may – should –can) play the piano.
46-They hope (visiting – to visit – had visited – will visit) us next week.
47-Where (did the money hide – has the money hidden – was the money hidden – can the money hide)?
48-When (did the shopping do – will the shopping be done – can the shopping do – would the shopping
do)?
4- Find the mistakes in each of the following sentences then write them correctly:
13-My dad wished he has a bigger car. His car is too small for us.
14-I wish the school holidays are longer.
15-I wish the weather were fine yesterday.
16-She stayed in the job for give years, earning valuable experience.
17-It is important to exercise regionally.
18-According to the therapy of relativity, nothing can travel faster than light.
6- Read the passage then answer the questions:
Sir Magdi Yacoub has performed more transplants than any other surgeon in the world and, as a scientist;
his interest in the basic mechanisms of heart structure and function in health and disease has improved
transplant surgery and patient care. He was born and raised in Cairo where he qualified as a doctor in 1957.
He came to Britain in 1962 and since then has made great achievements in heart surgery. He specialized in
working with children with heart problems and performed complex operations on the tiny hearts of babies in
their first days of life.
He has always combined surgical work with scientific research, which he sees as the key to improving
patient care and eliminating heart disease. He has conducted a lot of research.

51
 Sir Magdi Yacoub's work is all about helping people live. His strong sense of social responsibility led him
to establish the Chain of Hope charity, which sends medical teams to the developing world to treat children
suffering from heart disease free of charge.
A) Answer the following questions:
1- Why did transplant surgery and patient care improve?
2- In which field did Sir Magdi Yacoub specialize?
3- What does the Chain of Hope charity do?
B) Choose the correct answer:
4- Sir Magdi Yacoub sees …………………… as the key to improving patient care.
a) surgical work b) heart problems
c) scientific research d) heart disease
5- The underlined word "which" refers to …………………………. .
a) medical teams b) developing world
c) social responsibility d) the Chain of Hope charity
D- Writing
8- Write a letter to your friend Ahmed telling him about the job you'd like to do in the future. Your name is
Adam:
9- A)Translate into Arabic: (August, 2005)
Most of the energy we use today comes from coal, oil and gas. But these will not last forever, and burning
them slowly harms the environment. So, we need to look for other ways of supplying energy.
B) Translate into English:

.‫ لقد أصبح متاحا لكل طالب اقتناء جهاز حاسب آلي‬-1

.‫ الزالزل واألعاصير والبراكين من الكوارث الطبيعية التي تسبب دمارا هائال‬-2
Test on Unit 11
1- Respond to the following situations:
13- Your friend doesn't want to go to the station alone. You offer to go with him.
14- Your friend offers to phone your parents and tell them you are going to be late. You appreciate that.
15- Your friend needs to carry some things to the car. You offer to help him.
16- An old lady can't cross the road alone. You are willing to help her. What do you say?

2- Mention the place , the speakers and the language function in each of the following two mini-dialogues:
7- A: Next time I'll send you off.
B: Why? ------------------ : Place
A: For your deliberate fouls. Speaker A: ---------------
Speaker B : ---------------
8- A: What's wrong with your dog? Function : ---------------
B: It doesn't eat well and it rarely moves.
A: Well, let me examine it.
3- Choose the correct answer:
49-The scientist said she needed a/an (assistant – contestant – descendant – ancestor) to help her with her
experiment.
50-His (amazement – arrangement - imprisonment - disappointment) was on an island in the middle of a river.
51-When his grandfather was a boy, he worked as a (arrogant – brilliant – giant - servant) for a rich man.
52-After the earthquake, the village was not (recognizable – advisable – achievable – countable).
53-Some of his (adventurers – admirers - accusers – astronomers) were his best friends. That's why he was so
disappointed.
54-My little brother looked with (scurvy – envy – nervy – levy) at my new computer game.
55-She is so clever that she is in the (bearable – believable – curable – enviable) situation of being able to
choose her university.
56-He looked at the old man with no sign of (addition – adoption – recognition – ambition).
57-By the time they arrived, all the preparations (had made – had been made – have been made – have made).
58-After doing the shopping, they (had started – start – started – have started) to prepare the meal.

52
59-I (had no sooner got – have got no sooner – have no sooner got – no sooner got) to work than the phone
rang.
60-His hands were dirty because he (have been working – works – was working - had been working) in the
garden all day.
61-Last winter, they (were going – went – have gone – have been) skiing every weekend.
62-He (works – has worked – had been working - was working) there for 2 years when he moved offices.
63-The old house (hasn't been painted - hasn't been painting – hadn't painted – was painting) for years.
64-He (was talking – has been talking – is talking - had been talking) to his friend for several minutes when his
brother arrived.
4- Find the mistakes in each of the following sentences then write them correctly:
19-The family had finished eating before we had arrived.
20-We were working for 3 hours when the storm began.
21-He was sad because his grandfather leaves him nothing in his will.
22-He is a playmate. He writes plays.
23-He faces life investment for his role in the murder.
24-They are launching a massive aid program to help the famine fictions.
5- Read the passage then answer the questions: (June, 2004)
Psychologists have been coming up with lots of theories about motivation. They have been busy answering
questions on what it is, where it comes from and why some people suffer from a lack of it while others have
far too much of it.
The most obvious place one needs to be motivated is the workplace. Most of us are motivated to succeed at
work. Professor Cooper found that a large percentage of successful people had lost a parent, been left by a
parent or suffered other tragic loss before the age of eighteen. Cooper claimed that their reason for seeking
success is not to achieve power over others, but to gain control over what is happening in their lives.
Here are some tips to help boost your motivation. Firstly, eat well and exercise. A fat stomach is not going
to make you very energetic. Secondly, it is useful to define your goals by writing them down. Thirdly, hang
around positive people. If the people you spend your free time with are constantly complaining about life,
maybe it’s better you looked for new companions. Sleep well and take breaks and holidays. By putting these
ideas into practice, you will enjoy higher levels of motivation and a better quality of life.
A. Answer the following questions:
1-Do people, according to psychologists, have similar levels of motivation for success? Explain.
2-According to the text, where do people most likely want to achieve success?
3-Why do people who suffered in their childhood seek success?
B. Choose the correct answer:
4-According to research by Professor Cooper, a huge number of successful people -------------.
a) had good parents. b) had suffered the loss of a loved one in childhood.
c) were orphans. d) wanted to have power over other people.
5-What helps people determine what they would like to achieve?
a) eating well and exercising. b) spending time with positive people.
c) sleeping well. d) making a note of it.
D- Writing
8- Write a paragraph of about 100 words about: (June, 2004)
"The continuous rise in prices has become a national problem for most Egyptian families"
Write about: the reasons for the increase in prices and the role the government plays in controlling the
market.
9- A)Translate into Arabic: (June, 2004)
Only the individual himself can develop his given potentials. But, like any other living being, he needs an
atmosphere of warmth to give him a feeling of inner security to express himself.
B) Translate into English:
.‫ يجب أن نستخدم التكنولوجيا الحديثة في جميع مجاالت الحياة وخاصة اإلنتاج‬-1
.‫ إن مستقبل الحياة علي األرض يتوقف علي نجاح الجهود التي نبذلها للتخلص من التلوث البيئي‬- 2
1-The Vocabulary of Unit ( 12 ) : Festivals and Folk Music
celebrate / celebration ‫ يحتفل \ احتفال‬distinctive /the distinction ‫ُم ًميًز وواضح \التمييز بين‬
drum ( hit – noise) ‫ طبلة‬event )‫حدث (هام‬
53
 fireworks ( let off – festivals ) ‫ ألعاب نارية‬evolve into / evolution of ‫يتطور الى \ تطور‬
landmark ‫ ًمعلًم هام‬- ‫ عالمة بارزة‬folk (music – songs) ‫ الموسيقي واألغاني الشعبية‬/ ‫شعبي‬
mark (v/n) ‫ عالمة‬/ ‫ يعلم‬/ ‫ يميز‬/ ‫ يحدد بداية‬responsibility ‫مسئولية‬
position )‫ مركز( المباراة‬/ ‫ وظيفة‬/ ‫ مكانة‬/ ‫ مكان‬/ ‫ وضع‬vary (from to) ‫ يختلف‬-‫يتنوع‬
procession ) ‫ مولد‬-‫ موكب ( الملك – الرئيس – جنازة‬harvest ‫ يحصد‬/ ‫الحصاد‬
historical (events ‫احداث‬/ play) ‫ تاريخيه‬a variety of \ various ‫عديد من \ متنوعه‬
Review D
climate change ‫ تغيير المناخ‬water supply / waste ‫مصدر المياه \ يضيع – يبدد‬
Hydroponics ( without soil) ‫ علم الزراعه بدون تربه‬quality ‫ نوعية‬- ‫جوده‬
without soil ‫ بدون تربه‬greenhouse ( to protect plants ) ‫الصوبا‬
floating ‫ العائمه‬competition ‫منافسه‬
process ‫ عمليه‬narrator ‫راوى القصه‬
sounds like ‫ تبدو مثل‬make time ‫ يوفر وقت‬- ‫يخصص وقت‬
efficiently ‫ بكفائه‬mark the beginning of (spring) ‫يميز بدايه‬
a way of + v+ ing \to ‫مصدر‬ ‫ طريقه لـ‬come round ‫يذور – يتجول‬
farming = agriculture ‫ الزراعه‬regularly ‫بانتظام‬
advanced methods ‫ طرق متقدمه‬envious of ‫حسود لـ‬
submarines ‫ غواصات‬producer ‫منتج‬
nutrients ‫ المواد الغذائيه‬keep fit / fit to ‫يحافظ على الصحه \ مناسب لـ‬
with poor soil ‫ ذات تربه فقيره‬decisive moment ‫لحظه حاسمه‬
3- Language Notes:
local ‫ محلي‬# global ‫ عالمى‬Position (team ‫ مكان وضع (غير ثابت‬harvest ‫يحصد – حصاد‬
national ‫قومي‬#international ‫ دولي‬location ‫مكان ليس بة مبانى‬ collect ‫يجمع – يصطحب‬
made it possible for ‫ المفعول‬to + ‫مصدر‬ mark ‫ يميز‬-‫يحدد‬remark \‫ يالحظ‬landmark ‫عالمه بارزه‬
4-Prepositions
responsible for ‫ مسئول عن‬let off ( fireworks) )‫يطلق (األلعاب الناريه‬
responsible to ‫ مسئول أمام‬influenced by ) ‫يتأثر بـ ( معنويا‬
make up ‫ يبتكر‬- ‫ يخترع – يؤلف‬get through (work) ‫ينجز – يجتاز (عمله) بنجاح‬
write …down ‫ يسجل‬- ‫ يدون‬give out (charities) )‫يوزع – يخرج ( الصدقات‬
vary from …to ‫ يختلف عن \ يتنوع‬mark the beginning of ‫يحدد \ يميزبدايه لـ‬
evolve into = developed into ‫ يتطور الى‬last for ( ‫)مده‬ ‫يستمر – يدوم لمده‬
in the same way ‫ فى نفس الطريقه‬play on (instrument) ‫يعزف على أله موسيقية‬
in relation to ‫ بالنسبة لـ‬pass from ..to ‫تنتقل من الى‬
access to ‫ مدخل سهل لـ‬make notes of = take notes on ‫يدون مالحظات لـ‬
pick ‫ شخص‬up ‫ يصطحب شخص‬cheer ‫ شخص‬up ‫ يبتهج‬- ‫يفرح‬
5) Some verbs can go with some nouns
 do sweeping , dusting  make money ,music, sculptures ,notes , noi
 give concert , party decision, promise, suggestion , mode
 get together, through  play music ,the lute, on an instrument
 take responsibility  mark the beginning of Have : your own sty
6- Grammar unit ( 12 ) " (Gerund ) ( v + ing )" &"( to + infinitive )"
: ‫) فقط‬v + ing ( ) gerund( : ‫ أفعال ياتي بعدها‬-1 : ‫تنقسم األفعال إلى‬
suggest ‫يقترح‬ avoid ‫يتجنب‬ imagine = fancy ‫ يتصور‬- ‫يتخيل‬
practise‫يتدرب‬ admit‫يعترف‬ deny ‫ينكر‬
finish ‫ينهى‬ give up = quit ‫يتخلى عن \يترك‬ consider ‫يفكر فى‬
enjoy‫يستمتع بـ‬ put off = postpone ‫يؤجل‬ risk‫يجازف‬
don't feel like ‫يكره‬ go ‫يذهب‬ miss ‫يفقد‬
keep on‫يستمر‬ It is no use (good) ‫ال فائدة‬ mind ‫يمانع‬
recommend ‫يرشح‬-‫ يوصى‬can't stand ‫آلأطيق‬ it's worth ‫يستحق‬
Ali admitted taking my pen. The driver avoided hitting the young boy.
‫) مثل‬V +ing( ‫ وهي جزء من الفعل ويأتي الفعل بعدها‬to ‫ هناك بعض األفعال و الصفات تأخذ حرف الجر‬-: ‫ملحوظه‬

54
 look forward to ‫ يتطلع إلى‬, owing to‫ بسبب‬, due to ‫ بسبب‬, thanks to ‫ بفضل‬, take to ‫يدمن‬
+ ‫عاقل‬v to be+ used to(accustomed to) ‫ اعتاد على‬, object to = oppose to ‫ يعترض على‬, subject to ‫ ينحاز إلى‬,
lead to ‫ يؤدى إلى‬, Prefer + v + ing …to + v+ ing ‫على‬...‫ يفضل‬, in addition to ‫باألضافة الى‬,get down to ‫ يبدأ في‬,
contribute to ‫ يساهم في‬ He objected to coming early.
) to + infinitive ( : ‫ – أفعال يأتي بعدها‬2
agree ‫يوافق‬ offer ‫يعرض‬ wish‫يتمنى‬
arrange ‫يرتب‬ plan ‫يخطط‬ threaten ‫يهـــــــــــــــــدد‬
decide ‫يقرر‬ promise‫يوعد‬ accept ‫يقبل‬
expect ‫يتوقع‬ want, need ,require‫ يتطلب‬-‫ يحتـــــاج‬can / could afford ‫يتحمل شراء‬
hope )‫(بدون فاعل‬ ‫يأمل‬ manage‫يتمكن‬ deserve ‫يستحق‬
learn‫يتعلم‬ long = be + eager‫يشتاق الى‬ dare ‫يجرؤ على‬
Pretend‫ يتظاهر‬- ‫يدعى‬ refuse ‫ يرفض‬attempt ‫يحاول‬
Everyone agreed to meet at the airport. She offered to help her mother.
"to "‫ مصدر‬v to be + made ‫ فى المعلوم " مصدر" ولكن فى المجهول أى بعد‬make ‫ يأتى بعد‬: ‫آلحظ أن‬
He made us go out .  We were made to go out.
: ‫ ) مع وجود اختالف بسيط في المعني‬to + infinitive or gerund( ‫ أفعال يأتي بعدها إما‬-3
V + ing ‫ أو‬to + inf ‫ ( هذه األفعال يأتي بعدهم‬remember \ forget \ try \
A) (begin \ start \continue )‫بدون اختالف‬ stop \ regret)
Ex It started raining = It started to rain ‫الفرق بينهم‬
B)(hate \love like \prefer) ‫هناك اختالف و الفرق كاآلتي‬ ‫اذا تم الحدث بعدهم يأتى الفعل مضافا‬
‫ للتغبير عن حدث‬.to + inf ‫ بعدهم‬-2 ‫ للتعبير عن حدث عـام أو عــادة‬V + ing ‫ بعدهم‬-1 ‫)) واذا لم يتم الحدث‬ing ‫لة الـ‬
would ('d) ‫ أو قبلهم‬this\ that \here ‫خاص أواألن وتعرف‬ ) to‫(المصدر‬
I usually like playing football. I like playing games . ‫عام‬
I would like to play football. ‫ خاص‬I prefer to play football here\now.

UNIT12
 Choose the correct answer:
1- (Landmarks-Drums-Celebrations-Fireworks) are small objects that explode or bum with a coloured light,
used for celebrating special events.
2- A (position-state-job-post) is the place where someone or something is in relation to other things.
3- A (position-procession-landmark-stop) is a line of people or vehicles moving slowly as part of a ceremony
4- Jack and Lilly (calculated-cancelled-celebrated-captured) their 50th anniversary with a large anniversary
party for all their family and friends.
5- A (drum-violin-piano-guitar) is a round musical instrument, which you play by hitting it with your hand or a
stick.
6- A (landmark-landfill-landlady-landscape) is something that helps you recognize where you are, such as a
famous building.
7- (Landmarks-Drums-Celebrations-Fireworks) can be very dangerous, so they shouldn't be given to young
children.
8- We scored a goal because the other team's goalkeeper was in the wrong (position-procession-landmark-
mark).
9- The Eiffel Tower in Paris is one of the world's most famous (landmines-landmarks-marks-landslides).
10- Forty members of our family got together to (revive-vary-celebrate-join) my grandfather's birthday.
11- If you hit them hard, (drums-violins-pianos-guitars) make a very loud noise.
12- A (process-project-procession-person) of about twenty thousand people moved slowly towards the king's
palace.
13- Young people are (irresponsible-responsible-desirable-admirable) for protecting their country's folk music.
14- It is (advisable-desirable-admirable-irresponsible) to drive dangerously especially in towns or cities.
15- The (evolution-evaluation-resolution-distribution) of the internet has taken place over the last twenty years.
16- Our local university offers a (varied-variety-various-variable) of language courses.
17- You can buy this shirt in (various-variation-difference-changeable) colours.
18- I don't understand the (plan-suggestion-distinction-direction) between who and which.
19-Farmers are expecting to have a good (news-bread-harvest-grains) this year.
55
20- There are (sculptures-fireworks-celebrations-processions) of kings and queens in the temples of Luxor.
21-An interesting winter (deliberation-determination-celebrate-celebration) is the Sapporo Festival in Japan.
22-The funeral (queue-caravan-procession-row) made its way down the hill to the cemetery.
23- Sham El-Nessim is a day which (manors-celebrates-marks-serves) the beginning of Spring.
24- Food is gathered in from the fields during the (production-consumption-harvest-planting).
25- The Chinese bang (gums-pianos-guitars-drums) on New Year’s Day to frighten evil spirits.
26- This year's Olympic Games will be the biggest ever sporting (accident-incident-story-event).
27- In England, at harvest festival, people give vegetables, fruit and flowers (off-up-in-out) to the poor.
28- Pop music is a style of music that is (favourable-popular-public-common) with teenagers. ‫المراهقين‬
29- She is very keen (in-on-of-about) swimming.
30- Over the years, most folk music have been made up to get (through-into-up-out of) their work.
31- Dress sizes (change-differ-diverge-range) from petite to extra large.
32- Western classical music is still enjoyed today by audiences from different (authorities-powers-cultures-
worlds).
33- New Year (communications-celebrations-confessions-depressions) in Scotland go on for three days.
34- Van Gogh, perhaps Holland's most (calculated-cancelled-celebrated-captured) artist, died in poverty.
35- He became a sporting (celebrity-ability-activity-capability) after winning the gold medal.
36- A (dreamer-hammer-mourner-drummer) is someone who plays drums.
37- The object you hit a drum with is called a (drumbeat-drum machine-drum set-drumstick).
38- If things of the same type (agree-vary-meet-demand), they are all different from each other
39- If something is your (responsibility-rapidity-reliability-relativity), it is your duty to make sure that it is done.
40- (Yolk-Folk-Walk-Chalk) means traditional and typical of the ordinary people who live in a particular area.
41- To (revolve-involve-revolt-evolve) means to develop or make something develop gradually.
42- The concert was a charitable (accident-condition-event-revenge) to collect money for the poor.
43- The guitar is a musical (machine-device-instrument-technique).
44- Whatever you think of Eliot's poetry, it's certainly (distinctive-addictive-additive-attentive).
45- It was highly (irresistible-irritable-repairable-irresponsible) of him to leave the children on their own in the
pool.
46- The Chinese New Year (festival-capital-classical-funeral) takes place between the 21 st of January and the
19th of February.
47- Folk music usually develops in (international-global-coastal-local) communities.
48- Folk music is a particular (style-function-bunch-quantity) of music that uses different instruments.
49- If you want to be a poet, you must (dissolve-revolve-solve-evolve) your own style of writing.
50- Some (celebrations-celebrated-celebrities-celebrates) were interviewed on TV last night.
 Find the mistake in each of the following sentences then write them correctly:
1- Fireplces were set off in the sky on the occasion of the Victory Day.
2- After the celebrate, the crowd went home.
3- Magdy drummer up support for the charity by talking to a lot of people.
4- There is often no distinct difference between identical twins
5- Although it is difficult, you need to make the distinct between the two.
6- The sound variation with how the strings of an instrument are touched.
7- What an event day that was! I got a job and met my future fiancée.
8- Nothing happened today. It was completely eventful.
9- You are not very responsibility if you leave your clothes thrown about.
10- The teachers spent the afternoon marketing the exam papers.
11- Snow and ice sculptures are famous landmines in Sapporo in Japan.
12- In the past, most people born and lived their lives in one small area.
13- In the past, music was indivisible, not influenced by music from other areas.
14- Folk music uses different musical installments.
15- Most folk music has a special propose.
16- Composers are skilled in playing music, usually as a job.
17- Today, we can listen to music from other captures around the world.
18- Mothers sometimes use folk songs to sink their babies to sleep.
19- It is our immobility to do everything we can to protect the traditional music of our country.
20- His views different considerably from those of his parents.
56
 Choose the correct answer:
1- When the children stopped (singing-to sing-sung-sang), everyone clapped. They liked the song very
much.
2- They expect thousands of people (visiting-visited-to visit-visits) Sapporo for the Snow Festival next
year.
3- My brother is learning (playing-play-plays-to play) the oud.
4- If I were you, I’d avoid (travelling-to travel-travels-travel) into the city during the festival.
5- My parents suggested (go-to go-goes-going) to the theatre.
6- I really want (going-go-to go-went) to Hong Kong for the Chinese New Year.
7- Before you go to London, you should practise (speak-to speak-spoken-speaking) English.
8- Leila stopped (to listen-listening-listened-to listening) to the radio when she had heard a loud knock on
the door.
9- I'll never forget (found-to find-finding-founded) that rare old coin in the garden. I was only 12 then.
10- She was doing exercise, then she stopped (listening-to listen-listened-listen) to the radio.
11- I remember (phoning-to phone-phoned-phones) my cousin in America a month ago. He told me a lot
about his stay there.
12- Did you remember (posted-post-to post-posting) my letter? - Oh, I completely forgot.
13- I have always regretted (not having-not to have-have-not have) studied harder at school.
14- The band stopped (to play-playing-play-played) and there was silence.
15- She agreed (write-to write-writing-wrote) an article on classical music.
16- Henry shouldn’t risk (to drive-drive-driving-drove) so fast.
17- I hate (to sit-sitting-to sitting-sit) doing nothing – I’d rather be working.
18- Don't forget (locking-lock-locked-to lock) the door when you leave.
19- British Airways regret (to announce-announcing-to announcing-announce) the cancellation of flight
BA205 to Madrid.
20- I (deny-dislike-regret-miss) leaving early yesterday. I wish I had stayed to meet you.
21- Mona promised (she comes-to come-coming-will come) and she usually keeps her promises.
22- I can't stand (to listen-listen-listening-to listening) to him.
23- He stopped (write-to write-written-writing) and put down his pen.
24- I tried (stop-to stop-stopping-stopped) him, but he had already left.
25- The thief got into the house because I forgot (closing-closed-to close-to closing) the window.
26- He regretted (leaving-to leave-left-leaves) his job as he couldn't find another one.
27- She couldn't help (to cry-cries-cry-crying) aloud the moment she saw the accident.
28- She deserved (win-winning-to win-won) the first prize.
29- Do you enjoy (listen-to listen-listening-listened) to music?
30- Walid began (to play-plays-played-playing) the guitar when the phone rang.
31- Walid began (playing-to play-plays-played) the guitar when he was six.
32- Would you mind (to lend-lends-lending-lent) me this CD.
33- Do you regret (to go-goes-going-went) to the concert?
34- I've decided (learn-to learn-learning-learned) the piano.
35- He is considering (to go-to going-of going-going) to America this year.
36- He refused (answer-to answer-answering-for answering) my questions.
37- The salesman denied (taking-to take-takes-take) money from the lady.
38- I regretted (criticize-to criticize-criticizing-to criticizing) her in public.
39- When they came to a cafeteria, they stopped (eating-to eat-to eating-to be eaten).
40- I don't fancy (watch-watched-watches-watching) that film. There is a lot of violence in it.
 Find the mistake in each of the following sentences then write them correctly:
1- He hopes winning a prize for his school work.
2- I regret to go to the cinema. It wasn’t a very good film.
3- She offered taking me to the station in her car.
4- We’ve just finished to watch a TV program about Egyptian history.
5- When did you decide studying biology at university?
6- We’ve arranged picking my brother up from the airport?
7- Ali is planning to spending all weekend revising for next week’s maths test.
8- Their teacher agreed helping them finding an English pen friend.
57
 9- I don’t mind to stay up late to help finish the work.
10- I remember switch off the lights when I went on holiday a week ago.
11- Remember switched off the lights when you go out, please.
12- He suggested staying at home and play chess.
13- We are looking forward to go out at the weekend.
14- I tried running after the dog, but I was too slow.
15- He'll never forget to spend so much money on his first computer. The one he has now is much
cheaper.
16- She managed solved the problem.
17- She doesn't feel like to work on the computer.
18- Do you expect finish your work early today?
19- I don't fancy to go out this evening.
20- He admitted stolen the jewels.
21- We regretted not to go to the party last night.
22- It’s better to avoid go out in the strong midday sun.
23- The thief denied to steal the bag.
24- He agreed lending me his camera.
25- He had difficulty to solve this problem.
Test on Unit 12
1- Respond to the following situations:
12-You would like to find out what music your friend l-ikes. What do you say?
17- A friend asks you what sort of music you enjoy.
18- You want to find out if your friend plays a musical instrument.
19- A friend asks you whether there is any sort of music you don't like.
2- Say Mention the place , the speakers and the language function in each of the following two mini-
dialogues:
A: Look there, that is an African elephant.
B: It's the largest land animal today. ------------------ : Place
A: I see, and what does it feed on? Speaker A: ---------------
B: Leaves, branches and other vegetation. Speaker B : ---------------
9- A: Can you tell our viewers how you have achieved Function : ---------------
all this success?
B: Through hard work and sleepless nights.
3- Choose the correct answer:
65-If I were you, I'd avoid (travels – to travel - travelling – of travelling) into the city during the festival.
66-My parents suggested (go - going – to go – gone) to the theatre.
67-I really want (going – gone – goes - to go) to Hong Kong for the Chinese New Year.
68-Before you go to London, you should practise (speak – speaking – to speaking – speaks) English.
69-He hopes (to win – winning – wins – won) a prize for his schoolwork.
70-I regret (to go – goes - going – gone) to the cinema. It was not a very good film.
71-She offered (taking to taking – to take – taken) me to the station in her car.
72-We've just finished (watching – to watch – watches – watched) a TV programme about Egyptian
history.
73-She was so weak after the illness that she couldn't (even – until – too – either) walk without help.
74-(Accept – Expect - Except – However) for one old lady, the bus was empty.
75-Some (celebrations – celebrated - celebrities – celebrates) were interviewed on TV last night.
76-The discovery of penicillin was a (landmark – landowner – landlord – landlady) in the history of
medicine.
77-The castle occupies a strategic (post – portion – position – petition), overlooking the valley.
78-They (dried – believed – served - evolved) a new system for running the factory.
79-He still felt (responsible – restored – stored – satisfied) for her death.
80- Hundreds of thousands of people took to the streets to (bark – dark – shark – mark) the occasion.
4- Find the mistakes in each of the following sentences then write them correctly:
25-When did you decide studied biology at university?
26-We've arranged picking my brother up from the airport.
58
27-Ali is planning spent all weekend revising for next week's math test.
28-As medical knowledge revolves, beliefs change.
29-The prices here ferry according to the season.
30-He has a very instinctive way of walking.
6- Read the passage then answer the questions:
Everyone's personality is as different and unique as everyone's fingerprints. We can usually see
people's personality in the clothes they wear, or how they look after their things, or how they behave with
other people. When we say that we know someone well, what we really mean is that we can make accurate
guesses about what that person will do or think. We know the different features of their personality. These
features are called "personality traits".
Psychologists think that we have "central personality traits". These affect how we behave, and how
we react to people and situations. Examples of central personality traits are friendliness, neatness,
competitiveness, shyness and optimism. Some psychologists think that we inherit these central traits from
our family and that they usually stay with us all our life.
Psychologists say that we also have "secondary traits", connected with the things we prefer, such as
our favourite food, music, films or colours. These can change as we get older, but very often many of them
stay the same all our lives.
A) Answer the following questions:
1- How are people different from each other?
2- Mention three adjectives from the passage that describe positive aspects of people's personalities.
3- What are the different types of traits mentioned in the passage.
B) Choose the correct answer from a, b, c or d:
4- Many psychologists think that we get our central traits from ……………… .
a) school b) books c) our family d) our friends
5- According to the passage, if we know people well, we get to know ……… .
a) their families b) ourselves
c) their neighbours d) their personality traits
8- Write a paragraph of about 100 words about: (August 2004)
"Choose a job that you would like to do after you graduate". Write about your reasons, advantage of
working in this career, and the skills and training required for it?"
9- A)Translate into Arabic: (August, 2004)
The 20th century will be remembered for its scientific revolution. Our age is the age of the atom, space and
revolutionary medical achievements. Therefore, conferences are organised to apply and make use of these
achievements.
B) Translate into English:
.‫ إن الجهود التي تُبذل من أجل تحسين الصحة ال يمكن أن تتم بنجاح إال بتعاون األفراد مع الحكومة‬-1
.‫ البد أن نبذل قصارى جهدنا لجذب المزيد و المزيد من السياح حتى يمكننا أن نزيد دخلنا القومي‬- 2
1-The Vocabulary of Unit ( 13 ) : Wowmen in history and Folk Music
argue for ‫ يدافع عن‬/ ‫ يجادل لصالح‬effective ‫ مؤثر‬/ ‫فعال‬
degree ‫ شهادة علمية‬/ ‫ درجة‬make flight ‫يعمل رحلة طيران‬
encourage /encouragment ‫ يشجع \ تشجيع‬impressive ‫ مبهر‬/ ‫مؤثر‬
inspector ‫ مفتش‬licence ( driving – flying) )‫رخصة ( قيادة – طيران‬
personal ‫ شخصي‬nursing ‫التمريض‬
solo = alone ‫ لوحدة‬/ ‫ عمل منفرد‬/ ‫منفرد‬
role ( positive‫) ايجابى‬ ‫ دور‬suit /suitable ‫يناسب \ مناسب‬
be in charge of = responsible for ‫ مسئول عن‬employ ‫ يشغل‬/ ‫يوظف‬
Unit ( 14 ) : Greene : Travels with Aunt
banking ‫ أعمال البنوك‬/ ‫ الصرافة‬conventional ‫ متمسك باألعراف والتقاليد‬/ ‫تقليدي‬
bully ‫ يمارس البلطجة‬/ ‫ بلطجي‬find out ( about) ‫ يتوصل لمعلومات‬/ ‫يكتشف‬
excitement ‫ إثارة‬funeral ‫جنازة‬
influential ‫ ذو نفوذ‬/ ‫ مؤثر‬lead to ‫يؤدي إلي‬
regard … as ‫ يعتبر‬lifestyle ‫أسلوب حياة‬
storyteller ‫ راوي القصة‬spontaneous ‫تلقائي‬
59
adventurous ‫ مغامر‬spontaneously (no planning thinking) ‫بشكل تلقائي‬
3- Language Notes:
train (in something ‫يُدرب علي‬ argue for / in favour of ‫ يقدم حجة‬decide to + ‫مصدر‬ ‫يقرر‬
train to + inf. ‫يُدرب لكي‬ ‫ يؤيد‬/ ‫لصالح‬ decide that ‫ فاعل‬+ ‫فعل‬ ‫يقرر أن‬
train for + ‫يتدرب من أجل‬ ‫اسم‬ argue against‫ يعارض‬/ ‫ يقدم الحجة ضد‬decide on + ‫ يختار‬- ‫يحدد‬ ‫اسم‬
● train to be / as + a job (
‫يتدرب كـ (وظيفة‬
teach…to ‫ يُد ِرس‬/ ‫يعُلِم‬ Between ‫بين اثنين‬ on (his) own ‫ بمفرده‬/ ‫وحيد‬
learn…from ‫يتعلم‬ among ‫بين أكثر من اثنين‬ of (his) own ‫خاص بـ تدل علي الملكية‬
frighten = scare ‫ يُخيف‬recipe ) ‫وصفة (طريقة عمل وجبة‬ Whatever you do: ‫تعبير يستخدم في‬
fear ‫ يخشى‬- ‫يخاف‬ prescription )‫وصفة طبية (روشتة‬ ‫الحديث لتحذير شخص من شيء ما‬
so + ‫ صفة‬+ that " ‫جملة كاملة‬ " ‫ أن‬....‫لدرجة‬ :‫هناك ظروف معينة يمكن أن يبدأ بها الكالم و يأتي بعدها جملة‬
such + ‫ صفة‬+ ‫اسم‬+ that " ‫ أن " جملة كاملة‬....‫( لدرجة‬Interestingly‫ من المثير لالهتمام‬/undoubtedly ‫بال شك‬/
too ‫ صفه‬to ‫"" مصدر لدرجة أن ال‬ unfortunately luckily/personally ( ‫بصفة شخصية‬
 ‫ صفة‬+ ed ( ‫ ) صفة لألشخاص‬bored /amazed/ Travel )‫ السفر عموما (ال تجمع‬Travels ‫رحالت‬
interested / excited journey )‫ رحلة (عادة طويلة‬trip )‫رحلة (عادة قصيرة‬
 ‫ صفة‬+ ing ( ‫ ) صفة لألشياء‬bring / amazing tour ‫ جولة‬voyage ‫ رحلة بحرية‬destination ‫الجهة‬
‫ ( الشواذ‬impressed \impressive ) (delighted \ ‫ المقصودة‬expedition ‫رحلة استكشافية (رحلة منظمة ألماكن‬
delightful ) ( upset\ upsetting ) ‫معين‬ ‫ رحلة قصيرة لغرض‬/ )‫غير مألوفة‬
4-Prepositions
popular with ‫ محبوب لـ‬/ ‫ معروف لـ‬suitable for/ have+ access to ‫مناسب \على اتصال بـ‬
encourage …… to ‫ يشجع‬was born into a wealthy family ‫ولد فى أسره غنيه‬
discourage… from ‫شخص يحبط من عزيمة‬v to be remembered for ‫يتذكره الناس لـ‬
argue for \ against ‫ يجادل لصالح \ ضد‬take up(of her personal life) ‫ حيز‬- ‫مكان‬/ ‫يشغل وقت‬
argue with )‫ يجادل مع ( شخص‬at the age of \ care for ‫في سن \ يهتم بـ‬
write on (society) )‫ يكتب عن (شيئ‬was born into a wealthy family ‫ُولِد في أسرة ثرية‬
write for (newspapers) )‫ يكتب لـ ( مجالت‬grow up / late for ( about) ‫يربى \ متأخر على‬
associated with ‫الشخص مرتبط بـ‬in charge of = responsible for ‫مسؤل عن‬
overcrowded with ‫ الشيئ مزدحمة بـ‬in the charge of‫الشخص‬ ‫تحت رعايه\ مسؤولية‬
surprised by ‫ مندهش بـ‬made into a film ‫تحولت الى فيلم‬
go through customs ‫ يجتازاجراءات الجمرك‬cruel to / tolerant of ‫قاسى على \ متسامح مع‬
at the funeral ‫ فى الجنازه‬get on well with ‫ علي عالقة طيبة مع‬- ‫يتوافق– ينسجم‬
influential in ‫ مؤثر فى‬in his / her seventies ‫في السبعينات من العمر‬
on the journey/effect on ‫ أثناء الرحله\ تأثير‬find out / watch out ‫يكتشف \ كن حذر‬
introduce‫ شخص‬to ‫ يقدم شخص لـ‬return to \ a way of ‫يعود الى \ طريقه لـ‬
look on the internet ‫ أبحث على النت‬live on (his salary) )‫يعيش علي (دخل أو طعام معين‬
regardless of = despite ‫ بغض النظر عن‬extend (his) stay for ‫يمد اإلقامة لمدة‬
without regard to ‫ دون مراعاة لـ‬work on a local newspaper ‫يعمل في صحيفة محلية‬
regard as ( a waste of time) ‫ ينظر\يعتبر كـ‬work for a national paper ‫يعمل لدي صحيفة قومية‬
by convention ‫ حسب ال ُعرف‬appeal to / believe in ‫ يُعجب\ يؤمن بـ‬- ‫يروق لـ‬
change.. for (better) ‫ يغير من أجل األحسن‬apply for a visa ‫يقدم علي تأشيرة‬
make /earn money from ‫ يكسب مال من‬sort of / write for (newspaper) ‫نوع من \ يكتب فى‬
for this reason ‫ من أجل هذا السبب‬give up (job) ‫يتخلى عن‬
5- Some verbs can go with some nouns
 make flights , sure/ do : a job  fly a plane , over long distances miss : a friend
 break a record  play a positive role fail: test ,exam
 miss (by) a record  hold a driving licence tell : lie ,truth ,a story
6 - A) Grammar unit ( 13 ) "Relative clauses ‫" "ضمائر الوصل‬
1- Who .
‫ ) محل فاعل أو مفعول عاقل مفرد أو جمع في الجملة الثانية ويأتي بعدها فعل و توضع بعد االسم الذي تصفه‬who ( ‫*تحل‬
 The doctor who cured your brother is my cousin.  The man who you met is my friend.
60
 2- Whom .
)him-them-her( ‫ وعند الربط بهم نحذف كل من‬.‫) محل المفعول العاقل فقط و توضع بعد االسم الذي تصفه‬whom( ‫*تحل‬
Ex  The man whom you met yesterday is my friend.
)‫ ضمير الوصل‬+‫ فاعل‬+ ‫ كل منهم يأتي قبلهم عاقل ويمكن أن يأتي بعدهم( فعل‬whom ‫ و‬who ‫الحظ أن‬
‫) هي التي يأتي قبلها حرف جر فقط‬whom ‫ هي التي يأتي بعدها فعل فقط و‬who * ‫( ولكن الفرق بينهم أن‬
This is the thief (who – whom) robbed the bank.  This is the man about ( who- whom ) I talked.
3- Which. .
) they- it(.‫) محل الفاعل و المفعول الغير عاقل و توضع بعد االسم الذي تصفه ونحذف‬which ( ‫*تحل‬
 The office which (that) he works in is far from his house.
‫ حسب المعنى‬which ‫ملحوظة حرف الجر الذى يأتى قبل‬
This is the article for the paper (in which – for which - at which - on which) he writes .
.Dr Aisha used to go to the meetings, (at which- in which) she learned to read and write
.Dr. Aisha wrote many books and articles (at which-in which)she argued for women
4- That = who- whom - which .
‫تحل محل الفاعل أو المفعول العاقل أو غير العاقل المكرر في الجملة الثانية‬ that‫* الحظ أن‬
) who-whom-which (‫ ونختارها إذا لم يوجد األصل‬that ‫أي أن جميع الجمل السابقة يمكن استخدام فيها‬
‫ أو عدم استخدامها‬that ‫* شروط استخدام‬
in- about- to wit( ( ‫ بعد "كومه" وال بعد حرف الجر مثل‬that ‫ اليمكن استخدام‬-1
Ex  This is the flat in (who- whom- which- that) I live. Ali,(that – who)is a doctor, is my friend
)‫ – صفة درجة ثالثة‬only) - alone - all - some :‫ فقط إذا سبقت بالكلمات اآلتية‬that ‫ تستخدم‬-2
It \this is (was) { ‫ الفاعل‬that ‫الفعل‬... } .................. . ‫الحظ التركيبية اآلتية للتأكيد‬
Ex  Ali is the only boy that got bad marks in the exam.  It was Ali that got the prize .
5- Whose .
.‫……) و يتبعها االسم المملوك‬my– ‘s - his – her ( ‫ محل صفات الملكية‬whose ‫* تحل‬
 A widow is a woman whose husband is dead. That ‫ ال تحل محل‬whose‫* الحظ أن‬
 The man whose suit is black is my uncle /The man who is wearing a black suit is …
6- Where……………..
‫تحل محل المكان أو حروف الجر التي تشير إلى المكان في الجملة الثانية‬
here - there ‫ ( ونحذف كل من‬it + ‫مثل ) حرف جر‬ in it - at it -on it) * ‫ونحذف كل من‬
1- This is the place. I was born in it * This is the place where I was born.
2- We have a garden. We have our tea there* We have a garden where we have our tea.
[‫ مكان‬where )‫( بدون حرف جر‬ ‫ فعل‬+ ‫الحظ الفرق بين ]فاعل‬ - :‫ملحوظة‬
[‫ مكان‬which ‫معه حرف جر) ) حرف الجر يأتي قبلها مباشرة أو بعد الفعل‬ ‫ فعل‬+ ‫فاعل‬
1. This is the house (which – where) I live. / This is the house (which – where) I live in.
(visit - buy – see – sell ). ‫هناك أفعال ال تأخذ أصال حرف جر ولذالك األماكن معها تعتبر مفعول غير عاقل‬
2. The museum was the place ( which – where ) I had visited .‫) )المكان هنا مفعول غير عاقل‬
3. This is the room (where- which) I study. / This is the room in (where- which) I study.
................ when -6 ‫ عندما يشير إلي الوقت في الجملة الثانية‬it ‫*تحل محل الضمير‬
Ex Friday is the weekend when all the family members meet.
7- What = ‫ )اسم غير عاقل‬+ which ) ‫اول الجمله \ قبلها فعل‬ what (‫ فاعل ( فعل‬+ ‫فعل‬
1- What makes him a good teacher is that he is polite. = The thing which makes…..
2 This is what I bought = This is the book which I bought.
: ‫*حذف ضمائر الوصل‬
‫ فى‬: ‫الحظ أن‬ .This is the car(which) I bought ‫ يحذف ضمير الوصل دون أي تغيير إذا جاء بعده فاعل و فعل‬-1
. ‫ يكون حذف ضمير الوصل اجبارى‬ever ‫الجمل التى تنتهى بجملة بها‬
 It is the first time I have ever seen a fox.  This is the best student I have ever seen
‫ يحذف ضمير الوصل إذا جاء بعده فعل‬-2
This is the man living here. ing ‫ إذا كان الفعل معلوم يضاف له‬-‫ا‬
)‫ ضمير الوصل‬+}v to be + pp = pp ‫ و يبقى التصريف الثالث أى أن‬v to be ‫إذا كان الفعل مجهول يحذف‬-‫ب‬

61
 . Ex The letter which was sent by my uncle arrived yesterday
.The letter ,sent by my uncle, arrived yesterday =
.Ex Projects which are carried out in Egypt, will increase the production
.Projects , carried out in Egypt, will increase the production =
‫ عند اختيار ضمائر الوصل يجب مالحظة ما قبلها وما بعدها‬: ‫ ملحوظة‬:
) ‫قبله ( الجملة األولى‬ ‫الرابط‬ ) ‫بعدها ( الجملة الثانية‬
This is the man ‫عاقل‬  who  ‫ فاعل ) \ فعل‬+ ‫ (فعل‬. met her
This is the man ‫عاقل‬  whom  ‫ فاعل‬+ ‫ (فعل‬.You met here
This is the car ‫غير عاقل‬  which  ‫ فاعل ) \ فعل‬+ ‫ ( فعل‬.I bought
this is the man ‫عاقل \ غير عاقل‬  that  ‫ فاعل )\ فعل‬+ ‫ (فعل‬.I met
This is the girl ‫المالك‬  whose  ‫ المملوك‬bag was lost
This is the place ‫مكان‬  where  ‫ فاعل‬+ ‫فعل‬. I was born
Summer is the time ‫الزمان‬  when  ‫ فاعل‬+ ‫ فعل‬.We go to Alex
‫اول الجمله \ قبلها فعل \ ضمير‬  what  ‫ فاعل‬+ ‫فعل‬
B) Grammar unit (14) " Linking Words ( Conjunctions ) ‫الروابط‬
A ) 1- ( as well as – besides – in addition to - along with ) ‫ ( & باألضافة الى‬and ) ‫روابط اإلضافة‬
‫الفاعل واحد‬ ‫الفاعل مختلف‬
‫ الفاعل األول * إذا تشابه الفاعل واختلف الفعالن نحذف الفاعل المكرر ونضع‬+ as well as + ‫ الفاعل الثاني‬+ 1 ‫الفعل‬
) v + ing ( ‫الرابط مكانة و بعدها‬ ‫* أي أن الفعل حسب الفاعل األول‬
Ex –He studied. He watched TV. Ex I am wrong . He is wrong. (as well as )
.As well as studying , he watched TV  I , as well as he, am wrong .
‫* إذا تشابه الفاعل والفعل واختلف االسم أو الصفة نحذف الفاعل‬  In addition ‫ فاعل‬+‫ فعل‬+ to ‫الحظ أن بدون‬
.‫ والفعل المكرر ونضع الرابط بين األسماء أو الصفات المختلفة مثل‬Ex I studied ,in addition I watched TV
and )‫عندما تربط فعالن يكونوا معطوفين ( متشابهان‬and ‫الحظ‬
Ex He was a writer .He was a poet . Ex. He studied and watched TV .
He was a writer as well as (and) a poet  He studied as well as watching TV .
2 – Not only ‫ مساعد‬+ ‫ فاعل‬+ ‫…الفعل‬.but also = Not only ‫ مساعد‬+ ‫ فاعل‬+ ‫ … الفعل‬......as well.
‫ الفاعل‬not only …...but also … .... Not only 1‫فاعل‬..but also2‫ فاعل‬+ 2‫فعل‬
‫الفاعل واحد‬ ‫الفاعل مختلف‬
‫ أول الجملة و بعدها صيغة سؤال‬Not only 1- ‫أما توضع‬ Not only …1‫فاعل‬..but also2‫ فاعل‬+ 2‫فعل‬
‫ الصمول بين الفاعل والفعل‬not only 2-‫أونضع‬ ‫ حسب الفاعل الثاني ( األقرب ) أي أن الفعل‬2‫ فعل‬.
‫ الطريقتين بين الجملتين فى الطريقتين‬but also * ‫ مثل و توضع‬Neither 1‫ الفاعل‬nor 2‫ الفعل‬+ 2‫الفاعل‬
Ex. He wrote the letter. He sent it. Either 1‫ الفاعل‬or + 2‫ الفعل‬2‫الفاعل‬
 Not only did he write the letter but also ‫ ولكن‬Neither of/Either of+ ‫ فعل مفرد‬+ ‫مفعول‬
( he ) sent it . ‫ ولكن مع‬Both … and../Both of ‫ مفعول الفعل جمع‬+
 He not only wrote the letter but also  Not only I but also he is a teacher.
( he ) sent it .  Neither of the boys is absent.
B) Contrast ( Although / despite ) Contrast ( ,but/ ,however/ .However, )
1-Although = though = even if = (,but =, yet , however =. However, )‫بين الجملتين‬
even though + ‫ فعل‬+ ‫ فاعل‬,………… Ex Ali is rich , but (,however) (.However,) he
2- However +‫ فعل‬+ ‫فاعل‬+ ‫ حال\صفة‬,…. is happy.
3-\ ‫صفة حال‬+ as + ‫ فعل‬+ ‫ فاعل‬,……….. Although he is rich , he is unhappy.
4-Whatever ‫ فعل‬+ ‫فاعل‬+ ‫ اسم‬,……….. In spite of being rich ,he is unhappy.
5- In spite of / Despite Rich as he is , he is unhappy .
For all /Regardless of + v + ing,  However rich he is , he is unhappy .
+ ‫ صفة‬+‫\ أسم‬,,‫أسم‬ Whatever richness he has , he is unhappy.
C) The cause ‫السبب‬ Result ………….………………… ‫النتيجة‬
A because = as = since + ‫ فعل‬+ ‫فاعل‬ so ,therefore, consequently,thus,that’s why{
} as a result , the result was that , hence

62
 B because of = owing to = due to = through = .‫يأتي بعدهم النتيجة و قبلهم السبب عكس روابط السبب‬
thanks to = as a result of = on account of / for
+ v + ing , ‫ أسم‬,
‫ صفة‬+ ‫ أسم‬, Ali didn't come because he was ill . (that's )
He didn't go because he was ill . . Ali was ill ,that's why he didn't come
He didn't go due to being ill/his illness ‫ال حظ‬
} as a result of=because of{}as a result= ,so,{
C Being + ‫لكونه‬.…… , ‫) صفه‬ )
D) The purpose clause ‫الغرض المعقد‬ The purpose phrase ‫الغرض البسيط‬
A ( ‫) لكي‬ can \may ‫مصدر‬ C ( to / in order to / so as to + ‫) المصدر‬
so that + ‫ فاعل‬could/ might ‫مصدر‬ Ex-He worked hard so as to finish early .
in order that will be able to ‫مصدر‬ - He worked hard so that he could finish early
could \ can ‫بعد الناقص‬not* ‫عند النفي نضع‬ to ‫ قبل‬not ‫* نضع عند النفي‬
‫ في الماضي‬could\might ‫ في المضارع و‬can\may * * so as not \ in order not to ‫مصدر‬
* lest = for fear that ‫ فاعل‬should ‫مصدر‬ = * for fear of + v + ing/ ‫اسم‬
She studied hard lest she should fail.  She studied hard for fear of failure.

UNIT13
 Choose the correct answer:
1- Amy Johnson was a pilot who (broke-destroyed-smashed-ruined) world records for solo flights.
2- Florence Nightingale was a nurse who (produced-directed-stretched-introduced) new ways of
nursing.
3- Queen Victoria (stayed-took-ruled-involved) Britain for 63 years.
4- My older brother has a (decree-degree-licence-flight) in Maths from Cairo University.
5- Exercise can have a (positive-negative-position-positively) effect on your health and fitness.
6- Nurses have an important (goal-rule-role-rank) in looking after patients in a hospital.
7- My parents have always (stopped-prevented-discouraged-encouraged) me to work hard at school.
8- I'd prefer not to talk about that. It's something very (personal-personnel-in person-personally).
9- I found university work very difficult, but my friends were always very (negative-discouraging-
encouraging-passive).
10- Some students need much more (encouragement-discouragement-disappointment-depression)
than others at school.
11- (Person-Personal-Personally-Personality), I believe that everyone should study science at school.
12- She would be a good nurse. She has a very kind (person-personal-personally-personality).
13- It was a great football match. Both teams played very (negatively-positively-badly-passively).
14- A 14-year old Japanese boy has become the youngest person to complete a (lonely-solo-alone-
single) voyage across the Pacific Ocean.
15- Before you can fly alone, you need to have a pilot's (qualification-degree-agreement-licence).
16- The (flying-flight-swimming-walking) from London to Cairo takes about 4 hours.
17- Some films are not (right-kind-cruel-suitable) for young children.
18- Doctors are always trying to find (effective-negative-useless-infectious) new treatments for
diseases.
19- My uncle is (of charge-in charge-with control-by charge) of the Science Department in a
secondary school.
20- Your grades are (impress-impressive-impression-impressed), Jena.
21- (A collector-An inspector-A conductor-An investigator) checks that something is of a good enough
standard and that rules are being obeyed
22- (A licence-A degree-A bill-A receipt) is a document that gives permission to do something.
23- (Accounting-Teaching-Nursing-Training) is a job of looking after people who are ill.
24- (Polio-Folio-Polo-Solo) means done on your own, without help from another person.
25- The doctor (advised-devised-blamed-praised) him against smoking.
26- A (cruise-tour-voyage-flight) is a journey by air.

63
27- The radiation leak has had a disastrous (affect-affection-effect-effective) on the environment.
28- There's no doubt about Sara's (suit-suitable-suitability-suiting) for the job. She is very efficient.
29- A (duty-responsibility-role-charge) is the position that someone has in a situation or activity
30- Her work (took up-took off-took down-took to) much of her personal life.
31- Amy Johnson (made-did-worked-played) many long-distance flights.
32- Her great work is still (appeared-applied-appreciated-appointed) today.
33- She (spent-left-went-did) her life doing the things she was most interested in.
34- (Public-General-Universal-Personal) means involving someone's private life, their feelings, health and
relationships
35- As well as writing books on (social-sociable-society-variety) and culture, she also wrote poems.
36- Aisha Abd El-Rahman helped to improve women's (site-disposition-post-position) in society.
37- She was (awarded-got-gave-rewarded) her degree in 2007.
38- He joined the university (stiff-staff-stuff-crew) as a research assistant.
39- She was employed as a government (actor-ambassador-inspector-ancestor) for the teaching of Arabic
literature.
40- Dr Aisha Abd El-Rahman is better known to some people (for-by-as-of) Bint El-Shatei.
41- On your first day in a new job, you should make a good (expression-impression-depression-tradition).
42- My studies take (place-up-over-away) all my time.
43- Dr Aisha wrote articles in which she argued powerfully (for-against-out-with) women’s rights.
44- Dalia was very successful (in-into-about-at) school and entered Assiut University.
45- Dr Aisha wrote many books and articles (on-of-for-in) cultural and religious matters.
46- He wrote many articles arguing (on-at-with-against) abusing ‫ سوء معاملة‬young children.
47- Mrs Mubarak has (promoted-argued-defended-supported) powerfully for children’s rights.
48- Dr Aisha wrote many books and articles on matters related to (cultured-culturally-cultural-culture) and
religion.
49- Yusuf’s ability to speak French is very impression. Many companies will want to hire him.
50- Although Amy (broke-lost-wasted-missed) the record, she became very popular with the British people.
 Find the mistake in each of the following sentences then write them correctly:
1- Father put Bilal in change of fixing the car.
2- I positive love that song!
3- Women have now taken on many rules that were traditionally for men.
4- Osama was encouraging by the soothing words of his uncle.
5- The new medicine has been tested for effective and safety.
6- Samir is licence to drive a car but not a lorry.
7- Hazem plays the piano impressive.
8- Yasser argues at better salaries for teachers.
9- Her mother discouraged her to get a good education.
10- Amy Johnson killed the record for a solo flight.
11- I tried taking tablets for the headache but they didn't have any affection.
12- Applicants must have a degrade in Engineering.
13- Children need lots of discouragement when they're learning new things.
14- The inspection reported that 20% of school children were unable to read or write.
15- Parents play an important rule in their child's learning.
16- He was arrested for driving without a certificate.
17- The first solar flight across the Atlantic took place many years ago.
18- The house is not really suitability for a large family.
19- I broke the vase during an agreement with my wife.
20- It's an extremely affective cure for a headache. It has no side effects.
 Choose the correct answer:
1- The brother (who-whom-which-whose) lives in Moscow is coming home on Friday.
2- My penfriend, (who-that-where-when) lives in Sweden, is studying biology at university.
3- Aisha, (which-whom-whose-that) father is a well-known doctor, is my best friend at school.
4- My brother (whom-whose-where-that) lives in New York is going to visit us soon.
5- Fruit (when-that-where-what) ripens on the tree tastes best.
6- Our flat, (which-that-whose-where) is on the fifth floor, overlooks the Nile.
64
 7- My brother went to Alexandria University, (which-when-that-where) he studied architecture.
8- She's written an article (of which-with which-in which-in where) she describes the problems facing our
country.
9- Dr Aisha used to go with her father to meetings (at which-of which-to which-for which) she learned to
read and write.
10- Queen Victoria's husband, Prince Albert, died in 1861, (after which-with which-by which-from which)
Victoria always wore black clothes.
11- I'm hoping to study science at university, (which-that-after which-of which) I'd like to work as a
research assistant.
12- The city (that-in which-when-what) I was born is in the south of Egypt.
13- Yesterday, I played a long game of tennis with my brother, (when-that-which-for which) made me very
tired.
14- This is the bank (which-who-where-who) was robbed yesterday.
15- The man (who-which-that-whose) robbed the bank had two pistols.
16- He wore a mask (who-which-that-whose) made him look like Mickey Mouse.
17- He came with a friend (who-which-that-whose) waited outside in the car.
18- The woman (who-which-that-whose) gave him the money was young.
19- The bag (who-which-that-whose) contained the money was yellow.
20- The people (who-which-that-whose) were in the bank were very frightened.
21- A man (who-which-that-whose) mobile was ringing did not know what to do.
22- The car (who-where-which-when) the bank robbers escaped in was orange.
23- The man (who-which-that-whose) drove the car was nervous.
24- He didn't wait at the traffic lights (who-where-which-when) were red.
25- A police officer (who-which-that-whose) car was parked at the next corner stopped and arrested them.
 Find the mistake in each of the following sentences then write them correctly:
1- Her work, that was not appreciated when she was young, made her famous when she was older.
2- These are the stories with whose we were brought up.
3- Those are the things whose are to be put on the shelves.
4- Shaimaa, which is an excellent writer, accepted a job at Reuters.
5- The professor what got his degree in London is teaching me this term.
6- These are the pesticides where we recommend not using.
7- Sami went to the Sorbonne, which he studied political science.
8- A woman which daughter was crying tried to calm her.
9- 1837 was the year where Victoria became queen of Britain.
10- I've just read a newspaper article in that the life of a famous woman is described in detail.
11- Lord of the Flies is a story in whom a group of school boys are shipwrecked on an island.
12- She asked me where I had been, to that I replied, "It's a secret".
13- Tomorrow, I'm going to a meeting at when we are going to discuss women's role in society.
14- He says he's busy, by where he really means he doesn't want to go out this evening.
15- He said something very cruel, for that I think he should apologize.
16- Cleopatra, whom was very beautiful, was the last pharaoh of Egypt.
17- Woman's Day, that marks an important event in 1919, is on March 16.
18- Alexandria, when my mother was born, is in northern Egypt.
19- He showed me round the town, who was very kind of him.
20- The treatment will continue until the patient reaches the point what he can walk correctly and safely.
A- Test on Unit 13
1- Respond to the following situations:
20-Your friend would like to know why you have decided to study engineering.
21-You want to ask your friend about the reason why he came to school late.
22-Your mother asks you why you didn't tidy up your room.
23-You ask your father the reason why he has decided to move house.

2- Mention the place , the speakers and the language function in each of the following two mini-dialogues:
(August, 2004)
10-A: Today we are going to play the film "The Mask of Gold". If you
65
 have any questions, keep them till the end.
B: Are we going to discuss our questions later?
A: Yes, but you have to follow up the incidents carefully.
11-A: The train which goes to Aswan will leave from platform 7 in about 5 minutes.
B: Thank you. I'll have to hurry to catch it.
3- Choose the correct answer:
81-Some students need more (encouragement – discouragement – disturbance - disagreement) than others at
school.
82-(Artificially – Abnormally – Personally - Cheerfully), I believe that everyone should study science at
school.
83-A 14-year old Japanese boy has become the youngest person to complete a (lonely – solo – stereo -
studio) voyage across the Pacific Ocean.
84-Before you can fly alone, you need to have a pilot's (qualification – permission – agreement -licence).
85-The (flying – flight – aviation – destination) from London to Cairo takes about 4 hours.
86-Some films are not (right – kind – cruel - suitable) for young children.
87-Doctors are always trying to find (effective – helpful – defective - infectious) new treatments for
diseases.
88-My uncle is (of charge - in charge – with control – by charge) of the Science Department in a secondary
school.
89-Alison Jones and her husband David, (when – where - who – whose) live in London, are celebrating
their golden wedding anniversary.
90-The people (which - that – where – whom) live next door are very nice.
91-Solar energy is an idea (which - whose – that – where) time has come.
92-One of my neighbours throws rubbish in the street, (that - which – where – when) annoys me intensely.
93-He was educated at the local school, (after which – in which – with which – with where) he went on to
Cambridge.
94-In 1963 we moved to Boston, (when – which - where – whom) my grandparents lived.
95-Bradford, (where – when – that – which) is my hometown, has a lot of splendid restaurants.
96-The woman (when - who – where – which) murdered her husband was sentenced to death.

4- Find the mistakes in each of the following sentences then write them correctly:
31- The house, where was completed in 1856, was famous for its huge marble staircase.
32- The treatment will continue until the patient reaches the point what he can walk correctly and safely.
33- I discussed it with my brother, that is a lawyer.
34- The view from the window is very depressive. I like it so much.
35- You need a university debris for most of these jobs.
36- Diet has a very important pole in the prevention of disease.
6- Read the passage then answer the questions:
A few months ago, the pilot of a small plane had an unusual flight. A strong wind blew the plane sideways,
and it touched the top of a tree. Both wheels of the plane were knocked off but the plane did not crash.
The pilot sent a radio message to the airport. He did not know how to land without wheels. The
airport controller promised to help the pilot. He telephoned the airport firemen and told them what to do.
The firemen brought a long open lorry and drove to one end of the airport runway. The airport
controller sent a radio message to the pilot. He told the pilot to land on top of the lorry. One of the fireman
drove quickly along the runway and the pilot managed to land on the lorry. Part of the lorry was damaged
and the tail of the plane was broken but nobody was injured. The fireman slowed the lorry down and then
stopped. The pilot was very grateful. He gladly agreed to pay for the damage of the lorry.
A) Answer the following questions:
1- Why did the pilot send a radio message to the airport?
2- How was the fireman able to save the pilot?
3- What did the airport controller do to help the pilot?
B) Choose the correct answer:
4- The underlined word "He" in the last paragraph refers to ………….
a) the pilot b) the fireman
c) the airport controller d) the lorry driver
66
5- After the adventure, the plane was in need of ------------------
a) a new tail only b) two wheels only
c) a tail and two wheels d) a tail and four wheels
D- Writing
8- Write about 100 words about: (June, 2003)
You have received an invitation from an international space agency to travel in space. The trip will take one
month, however, you can only take 4 things with you. Describe your feelings and talk about the 4 things you
would take and why they are so necessary for you. Tell us about the first person you would tell about your
trip and why you chose him/her.
9- A)Translate into Arabic: (June, 2003)
The government is trying to solve traffic problems by constructing new roads and flyovers. The number of
vehicles is increasing every day. Roads are becoming too crowded for drivers to use.
B) Translate into English:
.‫ نفخر بأن التعليم هو المشروع القومي األول في مصر‬-1
.‫ األمية مشكلة اجتماعية خطيرة وال بد أن نبذل المزيد من الجهود لحلها‬-2
Unit 1 4
 Choose the correct answer:
1- Some people (regain-regard-restore-remind) playing computer games as a waste of time.
2- Charles Dickens was one of the nineteenth century's most famous (storytellers-story sellers-fortunetellers-
story covers).
3- After the (excite-exciting-excited-excitement) of the day, the children couldn't sleep.
4- Many people agree that Shakespeare is the most (personal-affect-influential-effect) writer in the English
language.
5- Children who (mix-bully-reward-play) other children at school should be sent home.
6- I've always been (interested-interesting-interests-interest) in animals. That's why I’d like to work in a zoo.
7- She finds long train journeys very (tired-tires-tiredness-tiring). She really doesn't enjoy them.
8- He felt very (relaxing-relaxed-relaxation-relax) after his holiday. He had had a really lovely time.
9- You'd love Australia. It's an (amazement-amazed-amazing-amaze) place.
10- Jurassic Park is one of the most (excited-exciting-excitement-excites) films I've ever seen.
11- I get (bore-bores-boring-bored) if I have nothing to do.
12- My cousin is very (adventurous-clever-kind-cowardly). He went on an expedition to the mountains last year.
13- I'm not as (adventurous-cowardly-spontaneous-brave) as my friend. She does things as soon as she thinks of
them.
14- That man is not doing enough exercise. This can sometimes (lead-make-do-result) to health problems.
15- I want to (find-make-do-receive) out some information. I'll look on the internet.
16- They live in the country. They have a different (lifetime-lifestyle-lifelong-lifeline) from people in cities.
17- The politician died last week. Thousands of people attended the (conference-feast-funeral-festival).
18- She likes unusual, modern houses. Her sister prefers traditional, (conventional-poor-social-economic)
architecture.
19- My cousin believes in (spontaneity-spontaneous-spontaneously-sponge). He never plans what he's going to
do.
20- I didn't think about what I was doing. I just did it (spontaneity-spontaneous-spontaneously-sponge).
21- Our holiday to Australia was a great (research-influential-adventure-party). We spent two months exploring
the country.
22- In some countries, it is the (convention-funeral-excitement-habit) to shake hands whenever you meet
someone.
23- His family was wealthy and influential in the world of (bank-banker-banked-banking) and business.
24- He (won-earned-gained-wasted) enough money from his novels to live on.
25- (Obvious-Adventurous-Anxious-Dangerous) means exciting and involving danger.
26- He wrote book and film (views-crews-reviews-revision) for magazines and newspapers.
27- Graham Greene’s books were popular (to-for-at-with) ordinary people.
28- Despite his being known as a difficult man, I (get on-get up-get off-get in) very well with him.
29- He persuaded her to go (travelling-travel-travelled-travels) with him to more exciting destinations.

67
30- (At-On-In-While) the journey to France, he finds out more about his aunt's unusual lifestyle and her
past.
31- Grandparents can (divide-care-cut-share) their experiences with their grandchildren.
32- Mr Ali is a (retire-retired-retirement-retiring) bank manager.
33- Our survey indicates that one in four children is (bullied-faded-buried-pretended) at school.
34- Don't let anyone (bury-carry-bully-hurry) you into doing something you don't want to do.
35- To (predict-influence-affectionate-bully) means to have an effect on the way someone or something
develops, behaves or thinks.
36- He is used to (plan-planned-plans-planning) everything he does.
37- My (adventurous-ambitious-spontaneous-religious) reaction was to run away.
38- Playing together teaches children social (collections-combinations-comparisons-conventions) such as
sharing.
39- To (bully-apply-bull-skull) means to frighten someone or threaten to hurt them, especially if they are
weaker or smaller than you.
40- (Strenuous-Stimulus-Spontaneous-Serious) means something that is done because you want to do it, not
because you planned to do it.
41- A (lifestyle-lifeboat-lifetime-lifeblood) is the way that someone lives, including their work and
activities, and what things they own.
42- Children can be very cruel to each other.
43- A (concert-festival-funeral-feast) is a ceremony for someone who has just died.
44- (International-Conventional-Emotional-Functional) means thinking and behaving in the normal and
traditional way.
45- Regular exercise is part of a healthy (lifelong-lifestyle-life cycle-life story).
46- We lived (on-by-with-from) very little when we first got married.
47- Walid likes to do his (books- banking-research-finance) at the ATM or online.
48- He wanted to know what was in the box, but his mother told her she would have to wait until her
birthday to (bully-lead-find out-look out).
49- If you look (for-after-at-into) your clothes they last a lot longer.
50- People are more (tolerant-cruel-fierce-unkind) of children in public places.
 Find the mistake in each of the following sentences then write them correctly:
1- Charles Dickens is regards by some as the greatest writer of his time.
2- In some countries, the internet has become more influence than newspapers in shaping politics.
3- Hany is very good at story-teller. Have him tell you a joke some time.
4- Pulling is dangerous and should never be tolerated.
5- Wow! That was an excitement  ending.
6- You should have told me! I shouldn’t have found up this way.
7- Selim is so depressed. He had to attend two weddings this week.
8- Mona is impolite and even cruel to old people. She has no regardless for them.
9- Watch on! There’s a car coming.
10- Despite having very different personalities, they get off well.
11- He was quickly boring by his daily routines.
12- He was very unhappy at school because he was regularly bullying.
13- He is a retired bank manager and lives a professional life.
14- I love working abroad and meeting people from different captains.
15- He has very unusual stories to speak.
16- Why are you so pessimistic? You should take at life in a different way.
17- The village people tried very hard to maintain their traditional lifespan.
18- Travel can close people's eyes to different ways of life.
19- His jokes seemed spontaneously, but were in fact carefully prepared beforehand.
 Translate into Arabic:
1- It is said that television has destroyed the art of conversation and made people unhappy by forcing
them to want things they do not need. On the other hand, it helps people to update their knowledge of
the world affairs, as they can see current events in different parts of the world the moment they
occur.

68
 2- Practising activities at school is of great importance. Teachers should encourage their students to
participate effectively in school activities. Such activities help students to learn some values like co-
operation, respect for others, self-confidence and perseverance.
3-  Translate into English:
.‫ لقد أصبح التلفزيون وسيلة لنشر المعرفة ويستمتع بمشاهدته الكبار والصغار على حد السواء‬-1
.‫ إن العدل االجتماعى هو الشرط األساسى للسالم واالستقرار ألى مجتمع‬-2
 Choose the correct answer:
1- I’ve been feeling tired all week, (because-so-but-however) I’m going to bed early tonight.
2- On (hearing-heard-had heard-hears) the good news, everyone smiled and clapped.
3- (As-However-Despite-Although) we ran as fast as we could, we missed the bus.
4- She phoned me (so-but-because-although) she wanted to know what time I was leaving home.
5- After he (lost-has lost-loses-losing) his job, Ali worked for a children's charity.
6- They told him he was sure to pass the test, (but-so-because-through) he didn't believe them.
7- (If-Unless-While-What) I was on holiday, I took some great photos.
8- (Although-Because-Despite-In spite) it never usually rains in Egypt, some European tourists bring
umbrellas with them.
9- It's my mother's birthday soon, (so-as-but-because) I want to buy her a present.
10- We couldn't buy the newspaper (because-though-despite-but) the shop was closed.
11- (Although-Because-Despite-But) really enjoying the book you lent me, I haven't finished it yet.
12- (When-On-During-While) they saw the road accident, the cars drove more slowly.
13- After (had played-have played-played-playing) football, the boys had a shower.
14- I'd like to work as a research scientist (after-before-while-during) I graduate.
15- (If-On-Without-In case) answering the phone, I heard a small child.
16- I've read the book, (but-so-if-when) I haven't seen the film yet.
17- (Because-Although-So-When) I have not seen him before, I knew who he was.
18- (In spite-Although-Despite-Because) being nearly 60 years old, Ali still plays football every week.
19- Before (gone-going-has gone-had gone) to bed, Ali did his science homework.
20- He was happy (although-despite-as well as-as) he got 98% in the maths test.
21- (While-Because-Although-So) he was on holiday, my brother met an old friend.
22- (Although-Therefore-But-While) visiting Egypt, most tourists take photos.
23- (While-But-Besides-After) he graduated, he worked in an oil company.
24- After (typed-had typed-types-typing) the reports, she saw a movie.
25- (After-Although-Despite-But) we'd never met before, we got on very well.
26- He was unhappy at school (although-because-so-but) he was regularly bullied.
27- While he (is-was being-was-had been) at Oxford, he wrote a few poems.
28- (Although-Owing to-So-Despite) being known as a difficult man, I got on very well with him.
29- (While-Despite-After-Because) graduating, he became a journalist.
30- The captain as well as the sailors (was-were-have been-are) responsible for what had happened.
31- Not only (he obeys-does he obey-obeys he-he will obey) his parents, but he respects them as well.
32- We had to change the plans (because-so-as-owing to) problems we hadn’t expected.
33- I missed the bus (because-so-as-since) I was late for work.
34- I couldn’t get to sleep (because-as-because of-since) the noise.
35- The food smelt wonderful, (despite-however-so-because) she didn’t even try it.
36- (Whatever-However-Although-But) quickly you run, you will miss the train.
37- Our team tried hard (although-despite-but-so) they lost the game by two goals.
38- (However-As-Although-But) I spent a lot of money, I didn’t get what I wanted.
39- He won’t do any work for you (if-so-unless-as long as) you pay him.
40- I'll go home soon (if-unless-if not-without) the film doesn't start.
41- He goes to school so that he (could-would-shall-can) learn.
42- He wore glasses (so that-so as to-in order-to) nobody would recognize him.
43- We arrived early (so as-in order to-so that-as) get a good seat at the match.
44- He trained hard (in order to-in order that-so as-so that) win the race.
45- He isn’t (tall enough-too tall-so tall-such tall) to touch the ceiling.
46- This mobile phone is (too-enough-very-such) expensive for him to buy.
47- He was (so-such-very-too) a coward that he ran away from the battlefield.
69
 48- These are (so-very-such a-such) tight shoes that I can't wear them.
49- The suit was cheap (so-such-too-enough) for him to buy.
50- It was (so-too-such-such a) rainy day that we stayed indoors.
 Find the mistake in each of the following sentences then write them correctly:
1- Although being very tired, I continued working.
2-I fell asleep although I was watching a long film.
3- After I went to sleep last night, I read my book.
4- While was flying into Cairo, I saw the Pyramids of Giza.
5- Last week, as well as we went to the club, we went to the cinema.
6-Ali as well as his friends are going to the concert.
7-Not only he hit the man’s car but also he called him bad names.
8-Besides cooked for 20 people, she did all the washing up.
9-He had to apologize owing to he made a shameful mistake.
10- They didn't play the match through of the bad weather.
11- I had to take a taxi although it was raining heavily.
12- He didn’t attend the meeting because of he was ill.
13- I felt cold, so I hadn’t brought my coat with me.
14- I arrived very late at the airport as I missed my plane.
15- I didn’t pay him because having no money.
16- However the box was heavy, he could carry it.
17- Because they played very well, they lost the match.
18- Although his old age, my grandfather still works on the farm.
19- Although poor he is, he is a spendthrift.
20- He succeeded despite he was lazy.
21- He played football in spite of he was old.
22- Even though being blind, he won the race.
23- However mistakes he makes, I respect him.
24- She drove very fast to the airport. Although she missed the plane.
25- She has a very sweet voice, so she doesn’t want to be a singer.
26- While the lights went off, I was studying English.
27- Unless Peter doesn’t improve his work, he’ll fail the exam.
28- If you pay the rent, you can't stay in this flat.
29- Although having diabetes, Ali continued to eat a lot of sugar.
30- On left school, he went to Oxford University, where he studied history.
31- Tamer and I had some money, because we went to the cinema.
32- Although mother was preparing dinner, she made dessert too.
33- On he left the house, Hany took his car keys and sunglasses.
34- Although having problems, Kareem helped a lot of people.
35- Despite Selma likes ice cream, she likes cheesecake more.
36- After Ahmed graduation, he decided to take some time off to travel.
37- He was often punished although he bullied the other children.
38- Although he was a student at Oxford, he joined the debating club.
39- Hany’s shop has a good meat selection, although Farid’s has fabulous baked goods.
40- We moved to London so as to we could visit our friends more often.
41- I gave her my address so as to I wanted her to contact me.
42- She opened the window so as have a look at the garden.
43- I’d like to join the sports club in order that get fit.
44- He got up early in order not that be late for school.
45- The weather was too lovely that we spent the whole day in the open.
46- The mountain is so high for us to climb.
47- He ran quickly enough that he could catch the train.
48- He is so a fast swimmer that I think he could win the race.
49- He was so tired to do his homework.
50- The film is such interesting that it would be a pity to miss it.
Test (Unit 14)
70
1- Respond to the following situations:
1- You are warning your friend who is going to cross a busy road. What do you say?
2- Your brother is using a ladder to get something from the top shelf. You warn him.
3- Your mother tells you to work a bit harder or you'll fail the test. What do you say to assure her?
4- Your little brother wants to go out alone at night. What do you say?
2- Mention the place, the speakers and the language function in each of the following two mini-dialogues:
1- A: What time will you be checking out tomorrow? Place:
B: I’d like a 6:00 am wake-up call because Speaker A:
I have to leave early to catch my flight. Speaker B:
A: I hope you have enjoyed your stay with us. Function:
B: Yes, I have. Thank you.

2- A: Whatever you do, don’t forget your keys! Place:

You’ll need them later. Speaker A:
B:It’ll be fine. I always keep them in my Speaker B:
school bag. Function:

3- Choose the correct answer:

1-Because they are ………………, Selim and Ahmed went to Tanzania to climb Mount Kilimanjaro.
a) solo b) effective c) adventurous d) spontaneous
2-Everyone at Uncle Sami's …………… wore black, and most of them were crying.
a) funeral b) convention c) party d) banking
3-Saleh tried to ………………. his way into the house, but the police were called.
a) fasten b) mix c) stop d) bully
4-When little children get too much ………………, they can't sleep or even sit quietly.
a) excitement b) influence c) lifestyle d) regard
5-The wedding was very ………………. The bride wore a long white dress, and the groom wore a suit.
a) spontaneousb) influential c) adventurous d) conventional
6-This writer is so …………………… that her words are quoted everywhere.
a) missed b) influential c) stuck d) personal
7-Leila has a quiet ………………. She almost never goes out after work.
a) funeral b) lifestyle c) adventure d) flight
8-Before there was TV, traditional ……………… entertained people.
a) funerals b) storytellers c) bankers d) bullies
9-………………… his poor behaviour, Bassem is a really sweet boy.
a) While b) Despite c) Although d) But
10-…………… visiting Rome, Aisha broke her camera.
a) Because b) Despite c) While d) Although
11-Enas couldn’t find her crystal earrings, ……… she asked her sister to look in the car.
a) because b) but c) so d) after
12-Rolex watches are costly …………… they are made with expensive materials.
a) but b) when c) because d) Although
13-………. leaving his home town, he founded a company and became well known.
a) Although b) Because c) While d) After
14-I always brush my teeth _____ going to bed.
a) before b) after c) while d) when
15-Despite ……………. losing her arm in a car accident, she was always positive.
a) lost b) lose c) loses d) losing
16-……………… Mona had many challenges to overcome, she worked very hard to achieve her goals.
a) Although b) Despite c) So d) Before
4- Find the mistake in each of the following sentences then write them correctly:
1- I recommend this book. It has an influential on my thinking about social problems.
2- Smoking can lid to lung cancer and other diseases.
3- Magdy dressed conventional in a dark blue suit.
4- Although her low grades, Ghada did well on her project and passed.
71
 5- The traffic jam was ten kilometres long, while we decided to take another road.
6- Tarek was having a great time despite we were waiting for him.
5- Read the passage then answer the questions:
Nothing we do in this world is done in isolation. It is now recognized that being able to work
successfully with other people is one of the major keys to success. In every situation where you are in a
group, you will need a skilled leader. All groups need leaders and all successful groups have good leaders.
Groups without leaders always break down. Members of a leaderless group often begin to feel dissatisfied
and frustrated. There are often arguments and tensions between people as there is nobody to keep the
goals clear.
Some people are natural leaders. True leaders are born and you can spot them. They are people who
combine toughness, fairness and humour. Although a lot of people agree that there are some natural-born
leaders, most people now recognize that leadership can also be taught in training courses which use
activities and techniques to develop a range of qualities which are necessary to be a good leader, such as
self-confidence, calmness and intelligence. They also need to be able to work under pressure. Lastly, and
probably most importantly, good leaders need to be sensitive, sociable and be able to get on with a wide
range of people. Good leadership is the ability to influence others and allow all members of the group to
contribute.
C. Answer the following questions:
1- What are the qualities of good leaders?
2- Why are people in a leaderless group often dissatisfied and frustrated?
3- According to the passage, what does good leadership mean?
D. Choose the correct answer:
4- Successful leaders shouldn't be ……………………………… .
a) fair b) wise
c) selfish d) experienced
6- The underlined pronoun "they" refers to …………………………….
a) true leaders b) arguments and tensions
c) training courses d) leaders' works
D- Writing
8- Write a paragraph of about 100 words about:
In 50 years’ time, every family will own a car. Would this be a good or a bad thing in your town or
city? Give your own point of view.
9- A)Translate into Arabic:
Poverty and social problems may lead some children to end up living in the streets. Sooner or later,
street children will turn to a life of crime. The whole society should help these children grow up to
become good citizens.
B) Translate into English:
.‫ لقد كان للعلم و الثقافة اثر بالغ فى حياة اإلنسان و تطوره على مر العصور‬-1
.‫يهدد اإلرهاب مصالح الشعوب و لذا يجب محاربته فى كل مكان‬2-
Unit 15
1-The Vocabulary of Unit ( 15 ) : The Future of Books
papyrus(tall grass)(used for writing) ‫ ورق البردى‬recycle (v) ( use it again) ‫يُعيد استخدام‬
paperback (book with cover) ‫ كتاب ذو غالف‬recyclable ‫قابل لالستخدام مرة أخري‬
traditional # up-to-date (book) ‫ حديث‬# ‫ قديم‬recycled paper ‫ورق مستعمل‬
still (pictures) ) ‫ ثابت ( للصور‬bleach (v) ( make it white ‫ يجعل لونه أبيض‬/ ‫يُبُيض‬
moving (pictures) ) ‫ متحرك ( للصور‬available\ availability ‫ إتاحة‬-‫ متوافر\ توافر‬-‫متاح‬
enthusiast (n) )‫ متحمس(شخص‬roller ‫بكرة أواسطوانة (لضغط األشياء) – رلة الدهان‬
enthusiastic about (adj.) ‫ متحمس بشأن‬roll (v) ‫ يسوي‬/ ‫ يلف‬/ ‫يدور‬
enthusiasm ‫ تحمس‬/ ‫ حماس‬gadget (a small tool or machine ) ‫جهاز صغير‬
e-book = electronic book ‫ كتاب الكترونى‬compress = press )‫يضغط ( فى حيز‬
bleach (v)(make it white) ‫يجعل لونه أبيض‬/‫ يُبُيض‬encyclopedia (hold information) ‫موسوعة‬
mixture (of)(fact and fiction) )‫مزيج (من‬/ ‫ خليط‬soak in (cover with water) ‫ينقع أو يغمر في سائل‬
a range of books ‫ سلسلة من الكتب‬download ‫ برامج) من االنترنت‬-‫يقوم بتحميل(معلومات‬
screen ( a TV or a computer) ‫ شاشة‬be+ broken into(small pieces) ‫تفتت الى قطع‬
72
give access to education ‫ تعطى وسيلة سهلة للتعليم‬CD ROM (compact disk) (hold ‫)تسع‬ ‫اسطوانة‬
v to be + on the move ‫ ينتقل الى – يتحرك الى‬stationery / stationary ‫األدوات الكتابية \ثابت – التتحرك‬
dry in (the sun) ‫ يجفف فى‬logs (are broken into pieces) ‫قطع من الخشب‬
Review E
abroad ‫ الخارج‬enthusiastic about ‫متحمس لـ‬
a charity ‫ جمعيعة خيرية‬replacement ‫بديل‬
fun ‫ متعة‬common for ‫مشهور – شائع‬
sensible ‫ حساس‬career ‫عمل – فترة عمل‬
culture ‫ ثقافة‬energetic ‫حيوى‬
v to be + inspired +by ‫ يلهم بـ‬structure ‫ تركيب‬-‫مبنى‬
make friends ‫ يصادق‬award ‫جائزة – يمنح جائزة‬
immediately ‫ مباشرة – فى الحال‬seriously ‫بجدية‬
on visit ‫ فى زيارة‬said in an interview ‫قال فى الحوار‬
3- Language Notes:
fit )‫يناسب (من حيث المقاس‬ trade with ( ‫ دوله‬/ ‫ يتاجر مع شخص‬stationery (shop) (pens, paper,
suit )‫يناسب (من حيث الشكل‬ trade in ) ‫يتاجر في ( بضاعة – سلعة‬ ….etc) ‫ األدوات الكتابية‬stationary
match )‫يتماشي مع (لألشياء‬ together‫ سويا‬/ ‫ معا‬altogether ‫ثابت \ غير متحرك تماما‬
had better )‫من األفضل (نصيحة‬ +‫مصدر‬ hold /held ‫) )يسع – يستوعب – يمسك شيئ ثابت – يعقد‬
4-Prepositions
draw on paper ‫ يرسم علي الورق‬break into (small pieces) ‫يكسر إلي قطع صغيرة‬
soak in (liquid -water) ‫ ينقع فى – يغمس‬mix with chemicals ‫يخلط مع مواد كيميائية‬
dried in ( the sun) ‫ يجفف فى – ينشف فى‬remove from ‫يزيل من‬
pass through ‫ يمر عبر‬cut down (trees- prices) ‫ يقلل‬- ‫يقطع‬
enthusiastic about ‫ متحمس لـ‬download from ‫يحمل برامج من‬
roll up\ roll in ‫ يطوي \ يتدفق بكميات كبيرة‬on the other hand ‫على الجانب األخر‬
information on the net ‫ معلومات علي النت‬good for (the environment) )‫مفيد (للبيئة‬
be replaced by ‫ يتم استبداله بـ‬receive an award for ‫يتلقي جائزة عن‬
replace … with ‫ بـ‬... ‫ يستبدل‬range from … to … ... ‫ إلي‬.. ‫يتراوح من‬
go on a business trip ‫ يذهب في رحلة عمل‬traded with ‫يتاجر مع‬
work for a charity ‫ يعمل لدي مؤسسة خيرية‬instead of/the best thing about ‫بدال من\ األحسن‬
cut ‫ شيئ‬by ‫رقم‬% ‫ يقلل بنسبة‬bring someone round ‫يعيد شخص إلي وعيه‬
hold huge amounts of ‫ تتسع لكميات هائلة‬work for the common good ‫يعمل لصالح العام‬
turn over the page ‫ يقلب الصفحة‬go (bring) down = reduce (price) )‫يقل (السعر‬
take up a lot of space ‫ تشغل حيزا كبيرا‬keep up with ( the latest … ‫)أحدث‬ ‫ يساير‬/ ‫يواكب‬
make way for ‫ يُخلي المكان أو الطريق لـ‬made from recycled paper ‫مصنوع من‬
find out about ‫ يستفسر عن‬paper is made from (trees -cotton) ‫مصنوع من‬
knock down (buildings) ‫ يهدم‬make way for ( new road) ‫ يخلى لـ‬- ‫يوسع لـ‬
5 -Some verbs can go with some nouns
 recycle paper , glass, metal  make paper , new friends
 generate electricity  download music, information
 reduce = cut the price ,traffic  publish newspaper ,book
6- Grammar unit ( 15 ) " Future Passive "
‫ المفعول‬+ will be + P.P : ‫تتكون صيغة المجهول في المستقبل البسيط كاآلتي‬
In the future, our energy will be produced from wind power.
Petrol and oil will not be used as much as they are today.
will have / shall have + PP.  ‫ يتكون المستقبل التام من‬: ‫المستقبل التام يتكون كاآلتي‬
‫ويدل علي أن شيء سيكون قد تم قبل وقت معين في المستقبل وعالماتة‬

73
 (by + 2020‫( ) سنة قادمة‬by + tomorrow) (by + next..) (by + the end of next…)(by + 6 o'clock
tomorrow) (this time + tomorrow ) (in a year's time) (in a month's time) (in a day's time )(in a
week's time )  He will have finished the project by 2020.
 They will have built the house by next month.
‫المفعول‬ + will have + been + P.P ‫صيغة المجهول للمستقبل التام تكون كاآلتي‬
 The project will have been finished by 2020.  The house will have been built by next month
Unit 15
 Choose the correct answer:
1- My mother has a special (budget-badge-gadget-bondage) for cutting vegetables.
2- Ali is really (enthusiastic-criminal-soaking-faulty) about his university course. He can't wait for the
beginning of the term.
3- I'm going to (write-download-promise-admit) some information from the internet for my school project.
4- The television picture is really clear. You have an enormous (wire-scream-screen-stream).
5- This novel is not (reliable-capable-avoidable-available) as an e-book yet, but you'll be able to get it next
year.
6- The best thing about a (paperback-paperboy-paperclip-paper shop) is that you can easily carry it and read it
at any time.
7- My father is a golf (enthusiasm-enthusiast-enthusiastic-enthuse). He plays and watches it on TV whenever
he can.
8- Her brother has not shown any (enthusiasm-enthusiast-enthusiastic-enthuse)for any sport of any kind.
9- That play is very popular. You'd better check the (ability-availability-advisability-ambiguity) of tickets.
10- I wanted to complain to the manager of the shop, but he was (available-unavailable-unavoidable-
unbelievable).
11- (Encyclopaedias-CD ROMs-Biographies-Screens) can hold a lot of information and are small enough to
carry in your pocket.
12- Before you can cook these beans, you have to (bleach-roll-sink-soak) them for 3 hours.
13- The story is an interesting (paste-mixer-structure-mixture) of fact and fiction.
14- You can (press-bleach-fix-mix) white shirts to keep them looking clean.
15- Today, paper, plastic and glass can all be (recycled-replaced-recited-retarded).
16- Oil and water don't (fix-soak-drink-mix). Even if you shake them together, they separate into two layers.
17- In ancient Egypt (paper-papyrus-leather-bush) was used for writing and drawing.
18- Papyrus is (soaked-dried-evaporated-expanded) in water to make the reeds stick together.
19- Paper was very (cheap-priceless-expensive-valueless) because it was made from cotton or linen.
20- Arab travellers traded (from-in-at-with) the Chinese.
21- Most of our newspapers and magazines are made from (recycle-recycled-recycling-cycled) paper.
22- Encyclopaedias take (up-on-in-down) quite a lot of space.
23- Arab travelers learned (what-how-which-who) to make paper from the Chinese.
24- When paper was made (of-from-in-at) wood, it became much cheaper.
25- (An encyclopaedia-A diary-A biography-An autobiography) is a set of books which deals with every branch
of human knowledge.
26- CD-ROMS are computer (disks-circles-files-documents) which can store a mass of information.
27- It was raining heavily and my clothes were completely (sucked-dried-soaked-expanded).
28- We can benefit from old newspaper by (recycling-making-using-cleaning).
29- Wood is used (to-for-with-from) making paper.
30- The vase (pulled-rolled-pushed-walked) off the edge of the table and smashed.
31- A/An (CD-ROM-encyclopedia-screen-gadget) is a disc on which large quantities of information can be
stored.
32- A/An (process-mixture-operation-development) is something made by mixing two or more things together.
33- To (repeat-retreat-renovate-recycle) is to put used objects through a process so that they can be used again.
34- A (roller-ruler-boiler-beaker) is a round piece of wood or metal that can be rolled.
35- To (stick-shrink-soak-remove) means to cover something with liquid for a period of time.
36- You can get this novel as an (e-book / e-mail / e-learning / e-commerce) from the bookshop over there.
37- We really can't go (up-down-on-for) living like this - we'll have to find a bigger house.
38- I'm going to (download-upload-load-afford) some software from this website.
74
39- When you are reading an e-book, you can (burn-wrap-soak-turn) the pages by pressing buttons or by
touching the screen.
40- (Recycling-Receiving-Reappearing-Recording) is definitely good for the environment.
41- When more and more people buy something, the price (goes up-goes down-goes away-goes out).
42- Papyrus was used for (shrinking-writing-counting-calculating) and drawing on.
43- The first paper was (done-gone-made-looked) by the Chinese two thousand years ago.
44- Every year, millions of trees are cut (in-of-with-down) to make new paper.
45- CD-ROMs can (hold-catch-touch-fetch) huge amounts of information.
46- Do you think e-books will (never-ever-yet-hard) replace traditional books?
47- Arab 75travellers who traded (in-with-by-from) China learned how to make paper.
48- We're going to be on the (move-movement-mobile-moving) all next week, but we'll call you when we get to
Cairo.
49- The success of this project relies (with-about-of-on) everyone making an effort.
50- I’d rather (has-have-having-have had) a hot drink.
 Find the mistake in each of the following sentences then write them correctly:
1-Most of today's newspapers and magazines are made from recycling paper.
2-In the near future, we will get all our information from the interrupt.
3-Some people predict that printing will become part of previous in the future.
4-The Arabs learnt how to do paper from the Chinese.
5-Some people believe that CD-ROMs will place libraries.
6-To get coffee, put your money in the machine and dress the green button.
7-My cousin is a football enthusiastic. He never misses a match.
8-Mona pressures all her blouses before she wears them.
9-Mother is leaving the pan to sink before she washes it.
10-I don’t know what to do with these old batteries. Are they recycling?
11-You’ll have to ask about the available of the conference room.
12-For my pottery, I have a mix of water, clay, and a little dried grass.
13-Tariq preaches his white shirts so the collars don’t look grey.
14-Fady is ruling the paint onto the wall so he can finish more quickly.
15-Please don’t touch the computer. I am overloading some music for my mp3 player.

 Translate into Arabic:

1-Our lives have been taken over by electronic devices. Electronic gadgets are everywhere, and we are
completely dependent on them. Gone are the days in which we had volumes
of encyclopedias and paperbacks on our shelves.
2-A computer has the power to calculate at superhuman speed and so it can quickly solve problems that
would take any human mathematician years of work. It has a memory that is far more reliable than a human
memory.

 Translate into English:

.‫ كان إلزاما على مصر أن تدعو لمؤتمر عالمي يهدف إلى االستقرار في عملية السالم و مكافحة اإلرهاب‬-1
.‫ ال تنقطع محاوالت العلماء الرامية الستغالل قوة اإلنترنت فى تشكيل حاسبات عمالقة بتكلفة رخيصة‬-2
-3
 Choose the correct answer:
1-In the coming years, travel (will make-will be made-will be making-is making) faster.
2-In the future our holidays (will spend-will be spent-is spent-will be spending) on the moon.
3-We (spend-will be spent-can be spent-will spend) our free time in a good way next summer holiday.
4-In the future, computers (will replace-will be replaced-will be replacing-will have been replaced) books.
5-In the future shopping (will be done-will do-have been done-were done) on the internet.
6-In the future most of our work (will be doing-has been done-will be-will be done) by machines.
7-I predict that in the future, mobile phones (will make-will be making -will have made-will be made)
smaller.
8-By this time next week, (I'll have heard-I hear-I am hearing-I heard) my test results.
9-We (will be used-are using-are used-will use) less paper if we read e-books.
10- I don't think newspapers will ever (have replaced-replace-be replaced-replaced).
75
11- The new underground railway line (will have been built-will be building-has built-have built) by 2012.
12- I'm sorry but your car (won't repair-can't repair-repaired-won't be repaired) this week.
13- By next Christmas we (will be-are being-will have been-have been) here for eight years.
14- The builders say they (finish-will have finished-might finish-are finishing) the roof by Tuesday.
15- By the time we (got-had got-get-getting) to the party. Most people will have left.
16- By the time we get to the stadium. The match (will have started-is starting-was starting-had started).
17- In the future, every new book will probably be (publish-publishing-published-publishes) as an e-book.
18- You can be sure the price (will be reduced-to reduce-is reducing-had reduced) when more people buy
them.
19- Do you think CD-ROMs will ever (be replaced-be replacing-have replaced-replace) traditional books
completely?
20- I think most bestsellers (will be read-will be reading-will read-will have read) as e-books.
21- I'm sure some kinds of books (won't replace-won't be replacing-won't be replaced-can replace).
22- It is hoped that the road (is reducing-will reduce-will be reduced-will have been reduced) early morning
traffic.
23- The new road (won't be finished-won't have finished-won't be finishing-has finished) until the year 2015.
24- Over 500 buildings (will knock-will be knocking-will be knocked-will have knocked) down to make way
for the new road.
25- It is said that the number of road accidents (cut-cuts-will cut-will be cut) by 20%.
(10)
26- It is thought that between 30 and 40 lives a year (will be saved-will be saving-will have saved-will save).
 Find the mistake in each of the following sentences then write them correctly:
1- Operations will perform with the help of robots.
2- All forms of transport will be used energy cell batteries.
3- all our banking will be do on mobile phones.
4- In the future computers will be done the accounts.
5- Credit cards will use instead of cash.
6- Credit cards will be using in homes and industry.
7- In the future, more electricity will generate from wind power.
8- More of the music we listen to will be downloading from the internet.
9- They will be published fewer traditional newspapers.
10- The price of phone calls will be reducing by 50%.
11- I finish this job by 10 p.m. tomorrow
12- By the time the firemen arrive, the fire destroys the building.
13- More cities will build in the desert by the year 2020.
14- You'll be received an e-mail giving full details next Monday.
15- The building will complete by next year.
16- By tomorrow morning, the book will has been bought by 30,000 people.
17- The game will delayed if it rains this evening.
18- Over the next twenty years, 4 million Go-Go Pops will have been sold.
19- For hundreds of years, an enormous quantity of paper have been used to produce books.
20- By next year, the old museum will has been replaced by a new one.
Test (Unit 15 &)
1- Respond to the following situations:
1- A friend asks you if you think people will read books in a hundred years time.
2- In a conversation, a friend uses the word gadgets. You do not understand the word.
3- A friend asks if you think people will have their own spaceships in fifty years.
4- A friend uses the words travel and journey in the same sentence. You do not understand the different
meanings of these two words.

2- Mention the place , the speakers and the language function in each of the following two mini-dialogues:
1- A: What's wrong with you? Place:
B: My left eye hurts me. Speaker A:
A: Let me examine you. Speaker B:
Function:
76
 2-A: Can I help you? Place:
B: Yes, I’d like a cup of coffee. Speaker A:
A: With or without sugar? Speaker B:
B: With a little sugar. Function:

3- Choose the correct answer:

1- With Mariam’s new e-book reader, she can now _____ books.
a) download b) write c) promise d) admit
2- If you like to shop online, this website has many new and used books ……………
a) found b)authored c) available d) written
3- …………… contain a lot of information about many things.
a) newspapers b) encyclopedias c) dictionaries d) thesauruses
4- We try to …………… paper, plastic and batteries to help our environment.
a) include b) mix c) reserve d) recycle
5- To paint a large area of the wall quickly, try using a paint ………………..
a) brush b) roller c) instrument d) utensil
6- Yasmine was so fluent that the words just ……………… off her tongue.
a) missed b) mixed c) stuck d) rolled
7- We usually …………… beans overnight to soften before we cook them.
a) mix b) soak c) recycle d) rolled
8- Kareem is an …………… reader. He reads all the time.
a) enthusiastic b) soaking c) faulty d) criminal
9- Environmentalists hope that in the next ten years more electricity ……………….. by alternative
energies.
a) will be produced b) has been produced
c) produced d) is being produced
10- Scientists say that by 2020, the glaciers in Montana ………………..
a) are melting b) will have melted c) melt d) have melted
11- By the time your children are in university, will physical books …………… by e-books?
a) have replacing b) have replaced c) replaced d) have been replaced
12- By 2100, many of our jobs ……………….. over by robots.
a) will be taken b) will have taken
c) have been taken d) will have been taken
13- It’s nine o’clock now. By two o’clock three meetings ……………… in our company.
a) will be holding b) will have held c) held d) will have been held
14- Many people hope that petrol ……………….. so much in the future.
a) will not have been used b) has not been used
c) will not be used d) is not used
15- Scientists are concerned whether enough food …… in the future for so many people.
a) will be produced b) is produced
c) will have produced d) was produced
16- Marwa entered university in 2010. By 2014, she ……………… her studies.
a) has completed b) will have completed c) did complete d) completed
4- Find the mistake in each of the following sentences then write them correctly:
1- Rehan has a lot of paperpacks as well as hardbacks in her library at home.
1-Tariq pleaches his white shirts so the collars don’t look grey.
2-For my pottery, I have a mix of water, clay, and a little dried grass.
3-By the time Dad gets home, the children will have being fed.
4-All the police cars will have been wash by noon today.
5-By 2016, the bridge will has been completed.
6- Read the passage then answer the questions:
A tuk-tuk is a type of taxi with three wheels. The driver sits at the front and behind him is a seat
for three passengers. Sometimes four passengers can fit into the tuk-tuk, but it is very uncomfortable! They

77
are called tuk-tuks because of the funny sounds of their small engines. There are thousands of tuk-tuks in
Bangkok, Thailand.
One tuk-tuk driver is Pom Sanniwat. Pom is 52 years old and has been driving his tuk-tuk for almost
25 years. Like many tuk-tuk drivers, Pom comes from the north of Thailand. Pom's village was very poor.
There was no work on the farms, so Pom came to Bangkok. He decided to become a tuk-tuk driver because
it looked like fun.
Pom likes being a tuk-tuk driver because he can speak to many people every day. He can also earn
over $400 a month. Almost anyone can become a tuk-tuk driver. Tuk-tuks are very easy to drive. But
driving a tuk-tuk has its disadvantages, too. When Pom started driving his tuk-tuk, he often got lost. Pom
also has a long day. He works from 6 o'clock in the morning until 9 at night. There are many cars and buses
in Bangkok, so there is a lot of pollution. The pollution is bad for Pom's health.

A) Give short answers to the following questions:

1-Why does Pom like his job as a tuk-tuk driver?
2-Why is driving a tuk-tuk bad for Pom's health?
3-What do you think of the tuk-tuk as a means of transportation? Why?

B) Choose the correct answer:

4- ………………… passengers can sit comfortably in a tuk-tuk.
a) Three b) Four c) Five d) Six
5-Tuk-tuks are …………………… in Bangkok, Thailand.
a) rare b) uncommon c) available d) banned
D- Writing
8- Write a paragraph of about 100 words about:
"What should be done for children's welfare?"
9- A) Translate into Arabic:
Egypt aims at attracting Arab and foreign capital for investment. So, the Egyptian government
should encourage setting up new factories for modern industries. It should also develop the existing
ones.
B) Translate into English:
.‫ من حقك أن تعبر عن رأيك بحرية ولكن يجب أن تحترم اآلخرين‬-1
..‫ نقص الغذاء يهدد حياة الماليين من البشر في كل أنحاء العالم‬-2
1-The Vocabulary of Unit ( 16 ) : Finding Work
conscientious ‫ ضميرة حى‬/ ‫ ُمجد ومجتهد في عمله‬neighbourhood ‫ سكان المنطقة‬/ ‫منطقة‬
well established ‫ ذات مكانة مرموقة‬/‫أقيمت‬/ ‫ شيدت‬pharmacy ‫صيدلية‬
sociable (generous ‫)كريم‬ ‫ اجتماعي‬CV=curriculum vitae )‫السيرة الذاتية(بيانات شخص‬
achievement ‫ انجاز‬promotion (get) ‫ترقية‬
module ‫ جزء من مقرر دراسي‬/ ‫ وحدة دراسية‬permanent job = a full-time job ‫وظيفة دائمة‬
well-organized ‫ منظم جدا‬temporary job = part-time job ‫وظيفة مؤقتة‬
conscience ‫ الضمير‬make profits ‫يحقق أرباحا‬
neighbourly )‫ ُم ِعين (صفة لوصف أشخاص‬/ ‫ ودود‬personnel manager ‫مدير شئون العاملين‬
fluent in\ fluently\fluency ‫ طليق فى \بطالقة \الطالقة‬neighbourhood ‫ سكان المنطقة‬/ ‫منطقة‬
modular degree ‫ درجة\شهادة في جزء من مقرردراسي‬trainee / trainer ‫متدرب \ مدرب‬
applicant )‫ متقدم (لوظيفة مثال‬Pharmacy (sell-make-medicines-drugs) ‫صيدلية‬
formally # informally ‫غير رسمى‬ # ‫ بشكل رسمي‬CV=curriculum vitae )‫السيرة الذاتية(بيانات شخص‬
reputation (good-bad)\reputable ‫\ حسن السمعة‬-‫ سمعة‬driving licence (hold‫) حائز على‬ ‫رخصة قيادة‬
fill in (application form) ‫ يمأل استمارة طلب وظيفة‬promote ‫يُ ًرقي – يروج – يدعم‬
acquire (experience) )‫ يكتسب (خبرة‬qualify as‫ وظيفة‬in ‫مؤهل‬ ‫ يتأهل‬/ ‫يؤهل‬
smart appearance ‫ حسن مظهر‬trainee / trainer ‫متدرب \ مدرب‬
Bachelor of Arts =BA ‫ ليانس أداب‬Date Of Birth = DOB ‫تاريخ الميالد‬
Bachelor of science = BSC ‫ بكالوريوس علوم‬Information technology= IT ‫تكنولوجيا معلومات‬
Master of Science= MSC ‫ ماجيستير فى العلوم‬Doctor of philosophy =PhD ‫دكتوراة الفلسفة‬
1-The Vocabulary of Unit ( 17 ) : The Pearl

78
 ‫)‪pearl (valuable jewellery‬‬ ‫‪ influential‬لؤلؤ‬ ‫مؤثر‬
‫‪greed / greedy‬‬ ‫شع \ طماع‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ج‬ ‫\‬ ‫الطمع‬ ‫–‬ ‫الجشع‬ ‫‪force‬‬ ‫)‪(v‬‬ ‫(‬ ‫)‪n‬‬ ‫قوة‬ ‫\‬ ‫رغم‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫ي‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫يلزم‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫يُجبر‬
‫‪persuasion‬‬ ‫‪ a rival firm‬اقناع‬ ‫شركة منافسة‬
‫‪persuade \ persuasive‬‬ ‫)‪ economic depression (bad‬يقنع \ مقنع‬ ‫ركود \ كساد تجارى‬
‫‪celebrity‬‬ ‫‪ early childhood‬شخص مشهور‬ ‫الطفولة المبكرة‬
‫)‪correspondent (reports news‬‬ ‫)‪ cave (a large natural hole‬مراسل ( صحفى)‬ ‫كهف‬
‫‪dive/diver/go diving‬‬ ‫‪ sophisticated‬يغوص\غواص\يذهب للغطس‬ ‫متقدم ‪ /‬متطور‬
‫‪civil servant‬‬ ‫)‪/avoid‬يسعى‪ publicity (seek‬موظف حكومي‬ ‫دعاية ‪ /‬شهرة ‪ /‬شعبية‬
‫‪ancestors‬‬ ‫‪ v be worth a lot of money‬أسالف ‪ /‬أجداد‬ ‫تستحق كثير من المال‬
‫)‪scorpion (with poisonous sting‬‬ ‫‪ purchase‬عقرب‬ ‫يشتري \ يتسوق‬
‫)‪sting – stung - stung (scorpion‬‬ ‫)‪ throw away (out‬يُلدغ‬ ‫يتخلص من شيء برميه \ يرمى‬
‫)‪ ( report‬صفه ‪stinging‬‬ ‫‪ comedian‬الدغ\ قاسى \شديد اللهجة‬ ‫ممثل كوميدي‬
‫) ‪merchant (sells and buys‬‬ ‫‪ martial arts‬تاجر‬ ‫الفنون القتالية‬
‫‪ blind to reality‬شخص‪make‬‬ ‫‪ Organ / destroy‬تجعله اعمى عن حقيقة‬ ‫عضو من الجسم \ يدمر‬
‫‪3- Language Notes:‬‬
‫‪on time = punctual, not late‬‬ ‫أجور (عمال مثال) بالساعة أو ‪ Wages‬مقابلة شخصية (للوظيفة)‪interview /‬‬
‫في الوقت المحدد‬ ‫مقابلة (إذاعية ‪ /‬تليفزيونية ‪ /‬صحفية)‬ ‫مرتب شهري ‪ Salary‬اليوم أو األسبوع‬
‫موعد ‪ /‬ميعاد ‪in time = early enough / soon appointment‬‬ ‫‪Fees‬أجرة مواصالت\ ‪. \Fare‬أو سنوي‬
‫أتعاب (محامى‪ -‬دكتور) مصاريف مدرسية‬
‫اجتماع ‪ meeting‬مؤتمر ‪ conferenc‬في الوقت المناسب‪/‬مبكرا بما يكفي ‪enough‬‬
‫‪think of = think about‬‬ ‫مؤهل دراسى \درجه علميه ‪ degree in‬يقوم بإعداد بحث أو دراسة ‪do a project‬‬
‫ينفذ مشروع ‪ Carry out a project‬يفكر في ‪ /‬عند السؤال عن الرأي‬ ‫صف دراسى ‪grade‬‬
‫‪think of‬‬ ‫يتذكر ‪ /‬يفكر في اآلخرين‬ ‫(تجاري ‪ /‬صناعي ‪ ،‬مثال)‬ ‫‪a graduate of /graduated‬‬
‫‪graduated from‬‬
‫‪ +‬مصدر ‪make / let‬‬ ‫مفعول‬ ‫فاتورة ‪ \bill‬إيصال الشراء ‪receipt‬‬ ‫يستفسر ‪inquire / enquire‬‬
‫مصدر ‪ + to‬مفعول ‪ force / allow‬‬ ‫(كهرباء ‪ /‬مياه ‪ /‬تليفون ‪ /‬مطعم)‬ ‫يتطلب ‪ /‬يحتاج ‪require = need‬‬
‫متقدم (بطلب كتابي) للحصول علي شيء (وظيفة ‪ applicant /‬يتقدم بطلب (للحصول علي وظيفة ‪ /‬تأشيرة ‪ /‬جنسية ‪ /‬مكان ‪apply for‬‬
‫يتقدم بالطلب شخصيا‪ apply in person‬في الجامعة ‪ ،‬الخ)‬ ‫جنسية ‪ /‬تأشيرة ‪ /‬منحة ‪ /‬قرض)‬
‫يُطبق – يستخدم ‪ / apply‬يقدم الطلب كتابةً ‪apply in writing‬‬ ‫مرشح (لوظيفة ‪/‬في االنتخابات) متقدم المتحان ما ‪candidate‬‬
‫يتقدم بطلب لكي ‪apply to +‬‬ ‫مرشح (رسميا) لوظيفة هامة أو جائزة ‪ nominee‬مصدر‪.‬‬
‫‪4- Prepositions‬‬
‫)‪apply for (job/visa‬‬ ‫‪ work as …for‬يتقدم بطلب للحصول علي‬ ‫يعمل كـ ‪ ....‬لـدى ‪....‬‬
‫‪apply in writing‬‬ ‫‪ relevant to‬يتقدم بطلب كتابى‬ ‫مطابق بـ ‪ /‬مالئم لـ ‪ /‬مناسب لـ‬
‫‪focus on‬‬ ‫‪ be in existence‬يركز علي‬ ‫يكون موجودا‬
‫‪a long way from‬‬ ‫‪ have access to‬علي مسافة بعيدة من‬ ‫يمكنه الحصول على أو الوصول إلي‪..‬‬
‫‪care about‬‬ ‫‪ have a good command of‬يهتم بـ‬ ‫لديه إلمام جيد بـ (لغة)‬
‫‪reply to‬‬ ‫‪ get into university‬يرد علي‬ ‫يلتحق بالجامعة‬
‫‪an interview for‬‬ ‫‪ an interview with someone‬مقابلة من أجل ‪..‬‬ ‫مقابلة مع شخص‬
‫‪make for = head for‬‬ ‫‪ make up for = compensate‬يتجه إلي‬ ‫يُعوض‬
‫‪at the present time‬‬ ‫‪ make out‬في الوقت الحالي‬ ‫يري أو يسمع أو يفهم شيء بصعوبة‬
‫‪deal with‬‬ ‫‪ get on with‬يتعامل مع ‪ /‬يتناول (موضوع)‬ ‫ينسجم مع أو يكون علي عالقة جيدة‬
‫‪fluent in‬‬ ‫مؤهل ‪ / in‬كليه‪ graduate from‬طليق في‬ ‫يتخرج من \ فى‬
‫‪in honour of‬‬ ‫‪ have experience with computers‬تكريما لـ ‪ -‬تشريفا لـ‬ ‫لدية خبرة فى‬
‫‪arrive on time for appointment‬‬ ‫‪ It doesn't matter to me‬يصل فى‬ ‫هذا اليعنينى‬
‫‪do a course in‬‬ ‫‪ have a contact with‬يأخذ دورة فى ( الكمبيوتر)‬ ‫على اتصال مباشر بـ‬
‫‪account for‬‬ ‫‪ enquire about‬يعلل – يفسر‬ ‫يستفسر عن‬
‫‪fire guns at‬‬ ‫‪ v to be + stung by‬يطلق النار على‬ ‫يلدغ بواسطة‬
‫‪cry out‬‬ ‫‪ escape from = break out of‬يصرخ – يصيح‬ ‫يهرب من‬
‫‪pay for‬‬ ‫)بدون مفعول ( ‪ throw (it) away‬يدفع لـ ‪ -‬يحاسب على‬ ‫يرميها‬
‫‪get rid of‬‬ ‫)‪ throw (it) into (the sea‬يتخلص من‬ ‫يرميها في (البحر)‬
‫‪correspondent for‬‬ ‫‪ hide in a cave‬مراسل لـ‬ ‫يختبيء في كهف‬
‫)‪win a prize for (literature‬‬ ‫‪ be on someone's side‬يفوز بجائزة فى‬ ‫يقف الي جانب شخص‬
‫‪do business with‬‬ ‫‪ hear about (of) / from‬يقوم بعمل تجاري مع‬ ‫يسمع عن \ يتلقى خبر من‬
‫‪go into town‬‬ ‫‪ tell the truth about‬يذهب الي المدينة‬ ‫يقول الحقيقة عن‬

‫‪79‬‬
 take over ‫ يستولي علي‬-‫ يتولى مسؤولية‬turn down ‫يرفض – ينقلب – يقلب‬
a correspondent for )‫ مراسل لـ (صحيفة‬cave in / blind to reality ‫ينهار\ يعمى عن الحقيقة‬
think about (the problem) ‫ يفكر في‬disgusted by ‫يشمئز من‬
give up ‫ يتخلى عن‬/ ‫ يقلع عن‬/ ‫ يستسلم‬compensate for ‫يعوض عن‬
by force ‫ بالقوة‬sentence someone to ‫يحكم علي شخص بـ‬
have the right to ‫ له الحق في‬at a rate of / cure …of ‫ يعالج من‬/ ...‫بمعدل‬
a relative on… side .... ‫ قريب من طرف‬break out of the prison ‫يهرب من السجن‬
do business with ‫ يتاجر مع‬careful with money ‫حريص على المال‬
intrude into (on) ‫ يقدم نفسة على‬- ‫ يتطفل‬keep away from ‫يبعد عن‬
take pride in ‫ يفخر بـ‬- ‫ يتباهى بـ‬on their way to ‫فى الطريق الى‬
5- Some verbs can go with some nouns
 hold driving licence  have a good command of‫ اجادة‬, access to, a degree in
 pass a driving test experience with computers, driving licence
 fluent in English, French  gain experience , skill , confidence
 awarded honorary degree  do a course in ,modular degree,repairs,buisiness
 win a prize  score excellent‫حاصل على امتياز‬
 go Diving * play : a trick on  make notes of , a reservation‫حجز‬
6- A)Grammar Unit ( 16) " Revising Direct and Indirect (unit 8)
‫مع العالمات األتيه‬ ‫نضع الفعل كاألتى‬
then , at that moment / at that time was, were + v + ing
… before, the previous ,earlier, yet , had + pp
already, since, for
the following day , the next day , in the future would + ‫ مصدر‬/ was ,were + going to ‫ مصدر‬/ was, were
+ v + ing
just now / a moment ago / a short time ago ‫نختار فعل مضارع مع العالمات األتيه‬
/says /say / tell/ tells / ask / asks /want to know / ‫ونختار فعل مضارع مع الحقائق الثابته حتى لو كان فعل القول ماضى‬
wants to know / wonders
asked, wondered, inquired , wanted to know If , whether , ) ‫ فعل ( حسب الزمن‬+ ‫ فاعل‬+ )‫أداه استفهام (رابط‬
B) Grammar unit ( 17 ) " Verbs + ‫ مفعول‬+ to + " ‫مصدر‬
‫ فى المعلوم‬:(not to ‫ مصدر أو‬to 1- ‫تللك األفعال يأتى بعدهم مفعول ويأتى بعدهم ( مصدر‬
advise‫ينصح‬ help‫يساعد‬ teach ‫يعلم‬
ask‫يطلب‬ instruct‫يعلم – يرشد‬ tell‫يخبر‬
encourage‫يشجع‬ invite‫يدعو‬ want‫يريد‬
expect‫يتوقع‬ order‫يأمر‬ warn‫يحذر‬
force‫يجبر‬ learn‫يتعلم‬ persuade‫يقنع‬
allow ‫ يسمح‬urge permit ‫يسمح‬
‫يحث‬
Ex What do you expect me to do ? Ali's father advised his son to work harder.
 My sister encourages me to plan for my future. The bad weather forced people to stay at home.
Ex He was asked to answer the questions. : 2- ‫يمكن حذف المفعول بعد تلك األفعال فى حالة المجهول‬
(allow, advise, permit ,recommend, encourage +v+ing ) : (ing3- ‫( بدون مفعول بعد تلك األفعال يأتى‬
Ex-  They don't allow parking here.  He advised buying this car .
Unit 16
 Choose the correct answer:
1-Mr Yacoub has a (degree-licence-grade-witness) in arts and education and chemistry from Assiut
University.
2-It is important for nurses to get on with their patients, the hospital is looking for (social-lazy-sociable-
unfriendly) young people to train.
3-Ali is the most (fluent-sociable-conscientious-lazy) student in the class. He works hard and cares about
what he does.

80
4-When they are applying for a job, some people start their (B.Sc.-AD-DVD-CV) with personal details.
Others put their qualifications first.
5-Our school is very (disorganised-organised-social-friendly). The staff and students are always on time and
everyone knows exactly what they have to do.
6-Our family has a well-(cooked-detached-drawn-established) business. It was started by my grandfather in
1935.
7-I need some medicine. Is there a (chemistry-pharmacy-grocery-beauty shop) near here.
8-If you want them to interview you for the job, send them your (BA-CV-IT-BC).
9-You are the most well- (established-organised-behaved-dressed) person I know. You never forget
anything and you are never late.
10-My uncle was always (conscientious-fluent-greedy-ambitious). He was always looking for a better job.
11-My bank is an (establishing-establishment-established-establisher) company. It has been in business for
over 100 years.
The company received over 100 CVs from interested (applicants-employers-applications-managers).
12-My brother is more (ambitious-selfish-sociable-unreliable) than me. He gets on with everyone he meets.
13-She doubts whether she'll ever be able to fulfill her (ambition-nightmare-score-failure).
14-He is a very good man. He always does his work (conscientiously-carelessly-lazily-suddenly).
15-A (geneticist-physicist-enthusiast-pharmacist) is someone whose job is to prepare medicines in a shop or
hospital
16-He was considered stubborn, selfish and (tolerant-unsociable-cooperative-punctual) as a child.
17-The campaign was poorly (deprived-furnished-organised-trained), so it did not succeed.
18-Karim is the most (careless-grateful-forgetful-skilful) player in our team. He plays so well.
19-The people in this part of town are always very (neighbouring-neighbours-neighbourly-neighbourhood),
especially if someone needs help.
20-(Illiteracy-Emergency-Fluency-frequency) is perhaps the most important language skill.
21-When I go to university, I am going to do a (modular-model-module-grade) science degree.
22-Even though he has only been here for six months, he can speak English (abruptly-arrogantly-fluently-
currently).
23-My father has (ignored-avoided-prevented-achieved) many things to be proud of in his life.
24-Sara is (fluency-fluently-fluent-excellent) in three languages: Arabic, English and German.
25-Most of the houses in our (neighbouring-neighbour-neighbourly-neighbourhood) are quite old.
26-My sister is a (trainee-trainer-trained-training) nurse at our local hospital. She will get her qualification
next year.
27-(Daytime-Daydream-Day care-Daylight) is a centre where people who are old or ill can be looked after
during the day.
28-A (module-model-capsule-molecule) is one of the parts that a course of study is divided into.
29-Ali has got another job (conference-interview-advertisement-announcement) tomorrow.
30-This (training-working-employing-hiring) provides opportunities to acquire new skills
31-The only thing he seems to care (in-with-about-at) is money.
32-My friends and I stay in (compact-contact-attract-contact) by email.
33-A (neighbouring-neighbour-neighbourly-neighbourhood) is a small area of town or the people who live
there.
34-We get (on-off-away-in) with all our neighbours. Everyone is so friendly.
35-Most (candidates-cannibals-craftsmen-correspondents) who applied for the job haven’t got the right
qualifications.
36-I have a degree (in-at-of-about) education from Assiut University.
37-Dalia applied for a (permanent-temporary-auxiliary-partial) job during the summer holiday.
38-My elder brother speaks French (fluent-fluently-fluency-flowingly).
39-He has the personal (qualities-qualifications-quantities-equalities) that make him suitable for the job.
40-Despite the bad weather, our plane left (on-in-at-by) time.
41-He is a (flowingly-fluently-fluency-fluent) speaker of Spanish.
42-He is the (operator-actor-representative-performer) of the foreign company in Egypt. He works as its
agent.
43-Mrs Ola is a quick (efficient-sufficient-deficient-insufficient) worker.
44-The committee will deal (in-about-with-at) the matter tomorrow.
81
45-She's applied (at-to-for-about) a job with an insurance company.
46-You'll never get a good job if you don't have any (qualities-quantities-qualifications-enquiries).
47-Graduates who apply (on-about-for-with) this job must be fluent in English.
48-The job advertisement said that all (cannibals-craftsmen-correspondents-candidates) should have a BSC
in Chemistry.
49-He has the academic (qualifications-qualities-quantities-inquiries) essential for the job.
 Find the mistake in each of the following sentences then write them correctly:
1-A farm is a store or a part of a store where medicines are prepared and sold.
2-He asked for an applicant form to fill it in and send it to the company.
3-Getting into university would be my greatest achieve.
4-A train is someone who is being taught to do a particular job.
5-After the interview, she got a work as private secretary to the company director.
6-He is so ambition that he is looking forward to becoming the director of the company.
7-To get my degree, I have to complete and pass five of the six models.
8-How many jobs had you replied for before you were offered this one?
9-His previous employer describes him as honest, hard-working and conscience.
10-Tarek makes friends easily and spends his free time with people. He is social.
11-He spent three years as a train manager before getting his present position.
12-Do you have any experiment of working with kids?
13-They live in a wealthy motherhood of New York.
14-I want to work with a well organising team.
15-Groppi is a very old and well-known established.
16-I believe that Salma will achievement great things.
17-The sculpture revealed the artist’s skill hand.
18-Mother is grateful to all our neighbouring who helped us when Dad had his accident.
19-Amal attended a French school and speaks the language very well. She is fluency in French.
20-Hany’s conscientious should bother him for cheating on the exam.
 Translate into Arabic:
1-Many people like to collect things like stamps, for example. Some stamp collections are very valuable.
Usually the fewer the number of people who have a stamp in their collections, the more valuable that stamp
is.
2-Egypt is one of the countries, which are rich in tourist attractions. What is unique about Egypt as a tourist
country is that it has attractions representing all ages. It also has attractions in a great number of its villages.
3-Education is not an end in itself but a means to an end. In other words, we do not educate children
for the purpose of education. Our purpose is to make them fit for life.
 Translate into Arabic:
‫تلعب المدرسة دورا فعاال و مؤثرا في خلق جيل واع بتحديات المستقبل‬-1
.‫ تبذل الحكومة قصارى جهدها لتخفيض األسعار التى ارتفعت مؤخرا‬-2
 Choose the correct answer:
1-She asked him what (had he been doing-he was doing-he had been doing-he is doing) since he left school.
2-He asked me why (I want-I wanted-do I want-did I want) to work abroad.
3-They asked me if my father (know-are knowing-have known-knew) I was there.
4- He asked me (whether-what-how many-how high) I had a driving licence.
5- They want to know who (did win-won-do win-does win) the match.
6- She asked me which university (had I been to-go I to-did I go to-I had been to).
7- She asked me whether my uncle (know-know-knew-known) I was trying to find another job.
8- He asked me why (do I want-had I wanted-did I want-I wanted) to work for their company.
9- She wanted to know how (I would feel-would I feel-do I feel-had I felt) about working in another part
of the country.
10- She asked me (how-when-why-whether) I could tell her how old I was.
11- She asked me where (was I living-I were living-I was living-was I living) at that time.
12- She asked me why (applied-had I applied-I had applied-did I apply) for that job.
13- The interviewer asked Peter where (he had studied-did he study-how did he study-had he studied).
14- The asked me how long (I had been working-did I work-had I been working-was I working) in Cairo.
15- He wanted to know (what-whether-unless-weather) she was married.
82
 Find the mistake in each of the following sentences then write them correctly:
1- He wanted to know if she enjoys swimming.
2- She asked him why he has left his last job.
3- She wanted to know unless he was planning to join university the following year.
4- He asked me whether I think I would enjoy working there.
5- She didn't know why had I borrowed the money.
Test (Unit 16)
1- Respond to the following situations:
1- An interviewer asks if you would work some evenings during the week. You would be happy to do
this.
2- You want to be able to contact a person you have just met., but you do not have their details.
3- Your friend is applying for a new job. This is a surprise and you ask him the reason.
4- You want to know whether someone you are interviewing can drive.
2- Mention the place, the speakers and the language function in each of the following two mini-dialogues:

1-A: I need some more money. Place:

B: What for? Speaker A:
A: For home expenses. Speaker B:
B: Have you spent the money I gave you? Function:
A: Yes, of course. It was not enough.

1- A: Do you have a room for three nights? Place:

B: Single or double? Speaker A:
A: Single with telephone and shower. Speaker B:
B: OK. Function

3- Choose the correct answer:

1-Kareem’s room is always so neat with a place for everything, because he’s ……….
a) fluent b) conscientious c) sociable d) well organised
2-It’s an employment crisis when you have 6,000 ……………… for only 300 jobs.
a) skills b) concerns c) applicants d) establishments
3-The 21  century challenge for any country is to have a …………… labour force.
st

a) happy b) skilled c) trainee d) fluent

4-The general manager asked me to oversee the company’s new ………………..
a) skills b) fluency c) trainees d) achievements
5-Every ……………… has a stand or a shop that sells beans and falafel.
a) CV b) trainer c) module d) neighbourhood
6-Each applicant must provide an up-to-date ………………… showing their work history and education.
a) CV b) module c) pharmacy d) ambition
7-The company hired Basma because she was knowledgable, organised and ……….
a) conscientious b) applied c) soaking d) fancy
8-Nowadays teamwork is important to a company, so it helps to be ………………..
a) skillful b) fluent c) ambitious d) sociable
9-Hany was in Mansour for one week. Siham asked him what he …………… there.
a) has been doing b) had been doing c) does d) doing
10-Mrs Osama asked me if my parents …………….. where I was.
a) knows b) knew c) had known d) know
11-Hassan wondered where the keys ……………………….
a) put b) are putting c) were put d) are put
12-Mai asked me who I ………………. over the summer holiday.
a) sees b) seen c) had seen d) have seen
13-Yasser asked me why I _____ to study abroad.
a) wants b) have wanted c) wanting d) wanted
14-Rana asked if we …………. to see Hamlet at the Shakespeare Festival next week.
a) were planning b) have been planning c) plans d) have planned
83
15-Hany and his brother wanted to know if we ……………. squash yesterday.
a) had played b) have played c) played d) play
16-They asked their mothers if they ………… mobile phones when they were young.
a) had b) have had c) have d) had had
4- Find the mistake in each of the following sentences then write them correctly:
1-Hany’s conscientious should bother him for cheating on the exam.
2-Our local phone sells sweets and makeup as well as medicines.
3-Hesham likes to organise sociable events for the company’s employees.
4-Gamal asked if we was going to the cinema today.
5-Farid asked me which countries I visited.
6-Heba wanted to know why I wanted to visit Damascus.
5- Read the passage then answer the questions:
In order to make a good impression during a job interview, you need to prepare yourself for the
interview. You must arrive in plenty of time for the interview, so that you give yourself a little time to relax
before the interview begins. You have to look your best for the interview. Try to find out if the company has
any rules about dress. Then try to dress according to their regulations. If they don’t allow their staff to come
to work in casual clothes, you may ruin your chances for a job by wearing the wrong sort of clothes to the
.interview
You also need to plan what you are going to say. In some interviews you will have to do a lot of
talking, and in others you will only have to answer a few questions about yourself, your schoolwork, your
strong points, your reasons for applying for the job, and the salary you expect. You will be allowed to ask
some questions of your own. The questions you ask will show the interviewer that you have given careful
thought to the position. You can ask questions like these: What duties will I have to do in the job? Will I be
allowed to join a health insurance programme? Does the company provide opportunities for further
education?
You must also try to find out as much as you can about the company by talking to someone who
works there, or by asking for copies of the company’s booklets, brochures or advertising.
A)Give short answers to the following questions:
1-Why should one relax before an interview?
2-Mention two things that would help an interviewee to get a job.
3-How can the interviewee get knowledge about the company?
B) Choose the correct answer:
4- An interviewee should arrive ……………….. for a job interview.
a) on time b) in time c) at the time d) in no time
5- The underlined word “casual” means …………………………………. .
a) formal b) informal
c) expensive d) cheap
7- Read the passage then answer the questions:
Napoleon Bonaparte’s ambition to control all the area around the Mediterranean Sea led him and his
French soldiers to Egypt. After losing a naval battle, they were forced to remain there for three years. In
1799, while constructing a fort, a soldier discovered a piece of stele known as Rosetta stone. This famous
stone, which would eventually lead to the deciphering of ancient Egyptian hieroglyphics dating to 3100
B.C., was written in three languages: hieroglyphics, demotic, and Greek. Scientists discovered that the
characters, unlike those in English, could be written from right to left and in other directions as well.
Twenty-three years after the discovery of the Rosetta stone, Jean Francois Champollion, a French
philologist, fluent in several languages, was able to decipher the first word – Ptolemy – name of an Egyptian
ruler. This name was written inside an oval called a “cartouche.” Further investigation revealed that
cartouches contained names of important people of that period. Champollion painstakingly continued his
search and was able to increase his growing list of known phonetic signs. He and an Englishman, Thomas
Young, worked independently of each other to unravel the deeply hidden mysteries of this strange language.
Young believed that sound values could be assigned to the symbols, while Champollion insisted that the
pictures represented words.
A) Give short answers to the following questions:
1- How was the Rosetta stone discovered?
2- What led to the deciphering of ancient Egyptian hieroglyphics?
84
3- When was the first word from the Rosetta stone deciphered?
B) Choose the correct answer:
4-What was the first word that was deciphered from Rosetta stone?
a) Cartouche b) Ptolemy c) demotic d) Champollion
5- Who was responsible for deciphering the first word?
a) Champollion b) Young c) Ptolemy d) Napoleon

D- Writing
8- Write a paragraph of about 100 words about:
What makes a successful job applicant?
9- A) Translate into Arabic:
Choosing the right job is important for you because you need to enjoy your work. However, you
must know that employers will also choose you. They usually prefer clever and reliable persons to
careless or ignorant ones.
B) Translate into English:
.‫ يجب أن يلتحق الطالب بالكلية التى تناسب مواهبه و قدراته‬-1
.‫ يجب أن تكون لك المؤهالت العلمية و الصفات الشخصية االزمة للتقدم لهذه الوظيفة‬-2
Unit 17
day.  Choose the correct answer:
1-Instead of (finish-finishing-finished-have finished) his degree, he went to New York to become a writer.
2-In 1939, Steinbeck (beat-won-earned-awarded) a prize for his novel “The Grapes of Wrath”.
3-If people have smart houses, they will take pride in their (surround-surrounding-surrounded-
surroundings).
4-Money can make you (blind-dead-deaf-dumb) to reality and cause more problems.
5-Today's newspaper has a very interesting report from one of their (correspondents-celebrities-soldiers-
forces) in India.
6-My grandmother's beautiful (steel-stone-pearl-bronze) necklace was a wedding present from her uncle. It
cost him a lot of money.
7-Police are looking for the missing car. (Drivers-Sailors-Dancers-Divers) have been searching the river all
8-A well-known TV (celebrate-celebration-celebrity-celebrated) is opening a new supermarket i n our town
tomorrow.
9-People lost their jobs and businesses closed during that year's terrible (depression-debate-decrease-
impression).
10- I'd like to help my country by working as a civil (service-server-serve-servant).
11- Being (sung-rung-stung-drunk) by an insect is very painful.
12- That shopkeeper is always great to (do-make-take-work) business with.
13- My friend (stopped-prevented-persuaded-made) me to go swimming, even though I felt ill.
14- You should be careful when you (drive-live-dive-dip) into water if you don't know how deep it is.
15- Although people are frightened of them, (scorpions-dogs-flies-cats) don't kill many human beings.
16- I threw (out-away-at-into) the newspaper this morning. I didn't know you hadn't read it.
17- With a little (persuade-persuasion-persuasive-passive), he has agreed to meet tomorrow evening.
18- My sister can be very (persuade-persuasion-persuasive-passive). She usually gets what she wants.
19- Don't be so (aggressive-cruel-sleepy-greedy). You've eaten enough.
20- What's the best (treaty-treat-treatment-heal) for a headache?
21- They gave a (stinging-sting-stung-ringing) report about the company's problems.
22- When he fell off the ladder, he (cried-cheered-shouted-laughed) out in pain.
23- A (cottage-tunnel-cave-hut) is a large natural hole in the side of a cliff or under the ground.
24- A (greedy-speedy-thirsty-hungry) man usually wants to have more money, food, power etc than he
needs.
25- The news of his failure (depresses-depressed-depressing-depression) his family.
A (scorpion-fly-scar-star) has a poisonous sting.
26- A (diamond-stone-pearl-necklace) is a valuable small white round object that forms inside an oyster and
is used in jewellery.
85
27- People who work in government offices are (civil servants-celebrities-scorpions divers) because they
work for us.
28- I shouldn't have (thrown-done-brought-taken) away the receipt. I need it to return this shirt.
29- His mother has advised him to be careful (at-of-to-with) his money.
30- Doctors are (greeting-heating-treating-beating) him for cancer.
31- After this accident, the government couldn’t (persuade-congratulate-concentrate-compensate) people
that nuclear power stations are safe.
32- He noticed she was wearing a string of (rocks-dust-pearls-peels) about her neck.
33- Dr Carter is an expert (of-by-about-on) literature.
34- They (destroyed-smashed-broke-brought) out of prison and fled the country.
35- (Destiny-Drought-Depression-Progress) is a long period when there is not a lot of business activity.
36- A strong storm (forced-treated-made-attacked) the fishermen to sail home.
37- There has been a lot of (depression-greed-celebrity-publicity) about the new film: newspaper and
magazine stories, TV and radio advertisements.
38- If you want people to buy your book, make sure it is (publicized-generalized-socialized-specialized) in
all the major newspapers.
39- A scorpion’s (string-spring-sting-sink) can be extremely painful.
40- Rania has been (happy-pleased-delighted-depressed) because she failed a test.
41- Jock and his wife have taken up (dive-diving-diver-driver), and they love it.
42- They had to think of a (stick-speck-trick-truck) to get past the guards.
43- My pen friend (correspondence-corresponding-correspondent-correspond) has built up. Now I write to
six different people.
44- Nothing would satisfy her greed (to-for-with-of) money.
45- I'll report you to the police if I catch you (robbing-stealing-taking-getting) again.
46- The doctor managed to (heal-treat-cure-stop) him of his fever.
47- The army (fired-tired-stood-stopped) missiles ‫ صواريخ‬at the enemy.
48- The officer ordered the soldiers to (attract-attach-attack-tie) the enemy.
49- We all admire him because he (says-speaks-tells-talks) the truth.
 Find the mistake in each of the following sentences then write them correctly:
1-That old chair should be flown away.
2-A driver is someone who swims under water with breathing equipment.
3- A celebration is a famous person, especially an actor or entertainer.
4- A representative reports news or write about a particular subject.
5- We make business with a number of Italian companies.
6- The submarine drove just in time to avoid the enemy attack.
7-Doctors are trying out a new heal for depression.
8-He gave a sponging report about the company’s problems.
9-After he had been beaten by the scorpion, he was carried to hospital.
10-He went driving and found an enormous pearl.
11-When other people heard about the valuable peel, they planned to steal it.
12-Being poor does not always solve people's problems.
13-My parents learned me that honesty was always the best policy.
14-A marcher someone who buys and sells large quantities of food.
15-Being stung by a scorpion is very pleasant
16-He was busy, but he didn't need much persuade to come to the beach with us.
17-Peace can’t be achieved by farce.
18-He takes great proud in his children's achievements.
19-She was attached while walking home late at night.
20-He didn't really lose his wallet - that's just a track.
 Translate into Arabic:
1-Shelter is a basic need for good health. If people have smart houses, their self-esteem will be increased.
They will take pride in their surroundings and look after them better.
2-Being wealthy does not solve people’s problems. It could make your life unhappier. Money can make you
blind to reality and cause more problems than it solves.
Translate into English:
86
 .‫األطفال هم مستقبل األمةو لذلك يجب العناية بهم‬-1
.‫ان الطمع يمكن أن يدمر حياة الناس‬-2
 Choose the correct answer:
1-Marta didn't feel too good but we persuaded her (come-coming-came-to come) to the party. 
2-I warned (he-his-him-himself) not to drive too quickly because of the bad weather. 
3-He's teaching his son (riding-to ride-ride-ridden) a horse.
4-Mona's mother asked her daughter (help-helping-helped-to help) her prepare dinner for the family.
5-They are never late, so I expect them (to arrive-arriving-arrive-arrived) in a few minutes.
6-Our friends invited us (having-to have-to having-had) tea with them.
7-My father has advised me (be-being-to be-been) careful with my money.
8-The teacher (warned-hoped-wondered-opposed) the students not to talk during the test.
9-The officer ordered the soldiers (attack-attacking-attacked-to attack) the enemy.
10-Don't forget (send-sending-to send-sent) me a postcard when you are on holiday.
11-They do not allow (smoke-to smoke-smoking-smoked) inside the building.
12-If you like, I can teach you (play-playing-to play-played) tennis at the weekend.
13-Ali's father warned him (not to spend-not spending-not spent-not to be spent) too much money.
14-The police instructed people (leave-left-leaving-to leave) the buildings.
15-We were encouraged (learning-to learn-learn-of learning) foreign languages at school.
16-She's training hard (won-winning-to win-of winning) the race.
17-Leila asked Mona whether she could help her (do-to doing-done-to be done) the shopping.
18-I recommend (to write-writing-written-write) your feelings down on paper.
19-His mother (discouraged-disobeyed-dissatisfied-encouraged) him to be a civil engineer.
20-He wanted the money (for paying-to pay-pay-paying) for his son's education.
 Find the mistake in each of the following sentences then write them correctly:
1-Nobody wanted we to go to the conference but our boss forced
2-My boss told me do the reports before Friday. 
3-Salem encouraged his brother working harder.
4-When I was younger, I always wanted my mother read me stories.
5-Her parents wanted her gone to a good university.
6-I'd encourage everyone to working for a charity.
7-When I was younger, my father often warned me not to waste time.
8-This year, I'm expecting passing all my exams.
9-He suggested that she applies for the job.
10-He told me phoned him the next day .
Test (Unit 17)
1- Respond to the following situations:
5- You want to persuade your friend to read "The Grapes of Wrath" by Steinbeck.
6- You do not understand what distance learning is. You ask a friend.
7- Your brother looks worried. You want to know if he has a problem.
8- A friend asks you what you think about Steinbeck's "The Pearl".
2- Mention the place, the speakers and the language function in each of the following two mini-dialogues:
1- A: Can I help you, sir? Place:
B: Yes, please. I’d like to have a passport made. Speaker A:
A: Fill in this form and bring three recent photos. Speaker B:
B: All right. Function:

2- A: I’d like two kilos of meat, please. Place:

B: Here you are. Speaker A:
A: Anything else? Speaker B:
B: No, thank you. Function:
3- Choose the correct answer:
1- There are many singers who aren’t well known but who have more talent than …………………… do.
a) force b) publicity c) celebrities d) drums
2- The thieves found a small …………… in the forest where they could hide their stolen goods.

87
 a) pearl b) correspondent c) cave d) merchant
3- Jealousy and ……………… make us want more money or power than we need.
a) pearls b) greed c) publicity d) caves
4- When Salwa turned 16, her grandmother gave her a string of ……………….. .
a) pearls b) correspondent c) publicity d) concerns
5- Hany doesn’t like loud noises since he became a war ………………… for the news.
a) celebrity b) correspondent c) publicity d) force
6- Don’t ……………… things when they can be recycled.
a) force b) achieve c) organise d) throw away
7- A …………………… poison may not kill you, but it could make you sick.
a) cave’s b) scorpion’s c) diver’s d) correspondent’s
8- Grandma saves everything because she lived through the Great ………………. She knows what it is
like to be poor.
a) Cause b) Celebrity c) Civil Servant d) Depression
9- Our parents encouraged us ……………… hard at everything we do.
a) worked b) to work c) working d) works
10- He suggested ……………… closer to the beach.
a) to swim b) had swum c) swimming d) swam
11- The lifeguard instructed people not …………….. near the rocks.
a) to swim b) having swum c) swimming d) swam
12- Rehan asked …………… to have dessert at her house.
a) me b) myself c) I d) mine
13- Mother ……………… the children to brush their teeth before bed.
a) telling b) said to c) said d) told
14- I expect ……………… to come to dinner.
a) she b) they c) him d) we
15- Before they travelled, the headmaster told the students ……………… their bags in the airport.
a) watch b) to watch c) watching d) watched
16- How much are we expected ………….. out of the garden for the new trees?
a) to dig b) dig c) digging d) dug
4- Find the mistake in each of the following sentences then write them correctly:
1- That was the most depression film I have ever seen.
2- Gamal is so greed. He never wants to share his sweets with his friends.
3- The speaker gave such a force argument that many people changed their minds.
4- She asked us to not climb over her fence.
5- The neighbour sternly warned the children not to waking up her baby.
6- Every year my husband and I invite my students having dinner with us.
5- Read the passage then answer the questions:
Television has been changing the way people live for thirty years. It influences nearly every aspect of
modern life. Children are greatly affected by television because their minds are growing, developing and
learning much faster than those of adults.
Social scientists, teachers and parents are troubled by the kind of television programmes children
choose to watch. They are worried about the effects of televised violence on society as well as commercials
for sugar-rich food. According to several studies, televised violence may cause children to become more
aggressive. Also, because so much violence is seen by children on television, they become more used to it
as the only solution to difficult situations. Exposing children to advertisements about products containing a
lot of sugar has a bad effect on their health. These food products have a negative influence on their teeth and
on proper nutrition.
Most importantly, however, the experts feel television is one factor which causes a drop in math and
reading marks among schoolchildren.
A) Give short answers to the following questions:
1- How has television affected children’s behaviour?
2- How has television affected children’s health?
3- What is the best title of this passage?
B) Choose the correct answer:
88
 4- Children who watch a lot of television, in difficult situations will behave …………….
a) violently b) independently
c) socially d) simply
5- The underlined word “it” refers to …………………………
a) children b) television
c) violence d) solution
D) Writing

8- Write a paragraph of about 100 words about:

A story of a greedy man.
9- A) Translate into Arabic:
Computers are being used more and more in the world today for the simple reason that they are more
efficient than human beings. They have better memories and can store huge amounts of information. In fact,
computers can do many of the things we do, but faster and better.
B) Translate into English:
.‫ يعتبر المال رمزا للغنى ولكنه ليس بالضرورة رمزا للسعادة‬-1
. ‫ تقوم المرأة المصرية بدور فعال فى كل نواحى الحياة و تسهم بقدر كبير فى تقدم بالدها‬-2
1-The Vocabulary of Unit ( 18 ) : Lifelong Learning
lifelong (learning) ‫ متواصل‬/ ‫ مستمر مدي الحياة‬a similar (job)\ similarity ‫متشابة \ تشابهة‬
college / colleagues ‫ كلية \ أصدقاء عمل‬information technology ‫تكنولوجيا المعلومات‬
enrol on (in) = join ‫ يسجل اسمة في‬/ ‫ يلتحق بـ‬time difference ‫فرق التوقيت‬
enrolment ‫ ادراج‬/ ‫ تسجيل‬stimulate/ stimulation ‫ ينشط \ تحفيز‬- ‫يحفز‬
reward / rewarding ‫ يكافئ – مكافئة \ عائد بالنفع‬formal # informal ‫ غير رسمى‬# ‫رسمى‬
reword )‫ يعيد صياغه \ يعيد كتابة (جملة – مثال‬department / increase ‫ زيادة‬- ‫قسم \ يزيد‬
the open university ‫ الجامعة المفتوحة‬provide (opportunity)for ‫ يتيح فرصة لـ‬-‫يوفر‬
employee/employer ‫ عامل – موظف\ صاحب العمل‬unemployed ‫عاطل‬
employable (remain) ‫ يمكن توظيفة – قابل للتوظيف‬provider ‫ خدمه‬/ ‫ ممون‬/ ‫ متعهد‬/ ‫مزود‬
idealism / idealist ‫ المثالية \ الشخص المثالي‬refuse (n) \ (v) ‫قمامة – فضالت \ يرفض‬
ideal for / idealistic ‫ أفضل لـ \ مثالي‬a worthwhile experience ‫خبرة قيمة‬
worthwhile ‫ يستحق ما يُبذل فيه‬/‫ مفيدة‬/‫ جدير باالهتمام‬mature(student) )‫ سنة‬25 ‫طالب ناضج (يزيد عن‬
promote / promotion ‫ يُرقي \ ترقية‬finance department ‫قسم الماليات‬
get promoted (promotion) ‫ يترقي \ يحصل على‬salute (the flag) ‫يحيي (تحية عسكرية) العلم‬
qualifications ‫ مؤهالت‬national anthem ‫النشيد الوطنى‬
highly qualified staff ‫ مؤهلين علي درجة عالية‬thanks to / challenge ‫بفضل \ تحدى‬
studious ‫ مجتهد – مجد‬good-looking ‫حسن المظهر‬
Review F
contact ‫ يتصل‬local time ‫القت المحلى‬
take exam ‫ يمتحن‬enthusiastic ‫متحمس‬
include ‫ يشمل – يتضمن‬v to be + awarded ‫منح‬
open university ‫ الجامعة المفتوحة‬applicant ‫متقدم لوظيفة‬
persuade ‫ يقنع‬sculpture ‫تمثال منحوت‬
mature ‫ بالغ‬- ‫ ناضج‬time difference ‫اختالف الوقت‬
ideal ‫ مثالى‬colleague ‫زميل العمل والدراسه‬
3- Language Notes:
reward (v/n) ‫ مكافأة‬/ ‫ يكافأ‬refuse (v) ‫يرفض‬ get promotion= = get promoted
award ‫يمنح جائزة – جائزة‬ refuse (n) = garbage get promoted=v to be+ promoted
reword (v) )‫يعيد صياغة (جملة‬ = rubbish =trash ‫ نفاية‬/ ‫قمامة‬ ‫يـتـرـقـىـ –ـ يـحـصـلـ عـلـىـ تـرـقـيـةـ‬
produce (v) ‫ \ يُنتج‬produce (n) object to+‫اسم‬
to+‫ اسم‬/v + ing (v) desert (n) ‫صحر‬
)‫ منتجات زراعية (التجمع‬/‫ \ يعترض محاصيل زراعية‬object (n ) ‫ هدف‬/ ‫ شيء‬desert (v ) = abandon ‫يهجر‬
 object (n ) ‫ هدف‬/ ‫شيء‬
rest (v/n) ‫ يستريح‬/ ‫راحة‬ busy with + ‫مشغول‬ ‫اسم‬ provide ‫ شيئ‬for ‫يوفر شيء لـ‬
(the) rest of (n ) ‫البقية‬ busy + v +ing‫جر‬
+ing‫بدون حرف جر‬ provide ‫شخص‬with ‫شخص‬with‫يزود‬ ‫يمد أو يزود‬

89
 - highly qualified staff / highly skilled jobs ‫الحظ‬
4-Prepositions
enrol on (in) ‫ يسجل اسمة في‬/ ‫ يلتحق بـ‬ideal for ‫مثالى – نموزجى لـ‬
apply for ‫ يتقدم لوظيفة‬work for ‫يعمل لصالح‬
make up mind ‫ يفكر‬- ‫ يقرر – يستعمل عقلة‬keep down ‫يظل‬
different from ‫ مختلف عن‬participate in ‫يساهم فى – يشارك فى‬
do a course in ‫ يعمل دورة دراسية فى‬object to ‫يعترض على‬
provide courses for ‫ يوفر دورات لـ‬thanks to ‫بفضل‬
communicate with ‫ يتصل بـ‬on the internet ‫على االنترنت‬
have the chance to ..‫ لديه الفرصة لكي‬organize into groups ‫ينظم في مجموعات‬
present (him)with an award ‫ يقدم له جائزة‬go back to education ‫يعود للتعليم‬
by distance learning ‫ عن طريق التعلم عن بعد‬a higher degree ‫درجة جامعية أعلي‬
in two years' time ‫ في خالل عامين‬at any age ‫في أي سن‬
out of interest )‫ من باب االهتمام (بالشيء‬be on a course ‫ملتحق بمقرر دراسي‬
look around (for) ‫ يبحث عن‬progress through life ‫يتقدم خالل الحياة‬
take up opportunities ‫ يستفيد من الفرص‬agree with suggestions ‫يتفق مع المقترحات‬
approve of ‫ يوافق علي \ يستحسن‬get to = reach = arrive in‫ كبير‬/ at‫صغير‬ ‫يصل الي‬
at intervals ‫ علي فترات‬for this reason ‫ولهذا السبب‬
leave out/leave(home) for ‫ يستبعد\يغادر الى‬grow up ‫يربى‬
v to be + tested on ‫ يُختبر في‬satisfied with ‫راض عن‬
keep up with ‫ يواكب‬- ‫ يساير‬look round ‫ يتمشى‬- ‫يتجول‬
take up ‫ يتعلم – يمارس هواية‬- ‫ يشغل‬share with‫ شخص‬in ‫شيئ‬ ‫يشارك مع شخص\فى شيئ‬
graduate with‫الشهادة‬ ‫ يتخرج ومعة‬It's ideal for me ‫انة حلمى الذى اتمناة‬
5-Some verbs can go with some nouns
 earn money , living  do course in, post graduate studies, job , work
 get promotion, promoted  pass exam * take : a test , an exam
 make up his mind‫يقرر‬  gain experience * Find : it difficult to do…
6-Grammar unit ( 18 ) " Modal Verbs ‫" " " األفعال الناقصة‬
1- " ‫" أفعال القدرة‬
Present‫المضارع‬ Past ‫الماضى‬ Its uses ‫األستخدام‬
can ‫\مصدر‬can’t ‫مصدر‬ could ‫ \ مصدر‬couldn’t ‫مصدر‬ It is (was) (not) possible\
manage to ‫مصدر‬ managed to ‫مصدر‬ allowed
= succeed in + v+ing = succeeded in+ v+ ing It’s(not)possible
am, is, are + (not) able to ‫مصدر‬ was,were+(not) able to ‫مصدر‬ It’s (was) possible but we
have / has + the ability to ‫مصدر‬ had + the ability to ‫مصدر‬ don’t (didn’t)do it.
am ,is are + capable of + ing was,were+capable of+v ing
‫ الشيئ‬eable(s)‫ مفعول‬to ‫مصدر‬ ‫ الشيئ‬eabled ( ‫)مفعول‬to ‫مصدر‬
 In some countries, you can drive at the age of 17.(It is permitted by the law ‫)مسموح‬
 In some cities, people can't use their cars every day. (It is against the law.‫)ضد القانون‬
 I couldn't ride a bicycle until the age of nine.
2- " ‫" اإللزام والضرورة والتحذير‬
Present‫المضارع‬ Past‫الماضى‬ Its uses ‫األستخدام‬
must ‫اثبات‬ ‫مصدر‬ had to ‫اثبات‬ ‫مصدر‬ It is (was) necessary
have (has)to =need to = have got to ‫مصدر‬ had to ‫مصدر‬ for..to ‫مصدر‬
don't(doesn't) have to ‫مصدر النفى‬ needn’t have +p.p It is (was) not necessary
needn't= ‫ مصدر‬don’t\doesn't need to ‫مصدر‬ ‫النفى‬ for..to ‫مصدر‬
(‫)التحذير والتحريم‬ didn’t have( need) to ‫مصدر‬ It’s not allowed(banned
mustn’t ‫ = مصدر‬can't ‫مصدر‬ ( ‫) ليس لها ماضي وال اثبات‬ forbidden(illegal ) to

 When you are on holiday, you don't need to go to bed early.

90
  You needn’t (don’t have to\ don’t need to) come with us . We will go alone .
 We needn’t have bought (didn’t have to buy) much food. We have a lot .
 You mustn’t park here. It is forbidden.
3- "‫"األحتمال واألستنتاج القائم على دليل‬
Present‫المضارع‬ Past‫الماضى‬ Its uses ‫األستخدام‬
may ) ‫(االحتمال‬ ‫مصدر‬ may have + p.p. It’s(was) probably
might/could ‫مصدر‬ might (could)have + p.p. likely \not sure
must be (‫) االستنتاج القائم على دليل‬ must have + PP It’s (was) almost sure
can’t be can’t have + pp It’s (was) almost sure
 I don't know where my bag is, I might have left it on the train.
 The streets are wet. It must have rained last night.
 He passed his driving test; this must have made him very happy.
‫ ) للتعبير عن االحتمال في الماضي وكذلك ان الشيء كان ممكن أن يحدث ولكنه لم‬could have + p.p( ‫ نستخدم‬: ‫ ملحوظه‬
‫ للتعبير عن استحالة حدوث الشيء في الماضي‬.couldn't have + p ( ‫ و نستخدم‬. ‫يحدث‬
 He could have taken my car, but he preferred to go by bus. ( but ‫) دائما تأتى مع كلمه‬
 Ali was abroad, he couldn't have killed the man.
 He couldn't have written the letter, he is illiterate.
4- ) ‫النصيحة ( مضارع فقط‬
should ‫ = مصدر‬ought to ‫ = مصدر‬had better ‫ = مصدر‬If I were you, I would ‫ = مصدر‬V to be to + ‫=مصدر‬
It’s a good idea to ‫ =مصدر‬It’s advisable to ‫مصدر‬.= It’s desirable to ‫مصدر‬.
 You shouldn't look at the sun. It's very dangerous.
 You had better not look at the sun. It's very dangerous.
 The President is to visit Italy next month.
5- ‫اللوم فى الماضى فقط وبالعكس فى المعنى‬
 Should ( ought to)have + P.P. = but he didn't : * ‫للوم على عدم فعل شيئ فى الماضى‬
= It was wrong of ..not to = I blame….for not + v+ ing
 Shouldn’t (ought not to) have + P.P : *‫ = للوم على فعل شيئ فى الماضى عمله وكان خطأ‬It was wrong
of …to …. = I blame….for +v ing
 You should have done your homework yesterday.
 You shouldn't have parked your car here. It's a 'No Parking' area
Unit 18
 Choose the correct answer:
1-For me, a park with trees is the (ideal-idealist-idealism-idol) place for a picnic.
I've always wanted to paint – that's why I've (enrolled-entitled-entered-empl
2-oyed) on an art course.
3-Most southern European countries have a (alike-unlike-similar-different) climate: hot in summer and cold in
winter.
4-My sister wants to be a teacher. She believes teaching is a (reward-rewarding-award-awarding) career.
5-Doing things for other people can be a very (worthless-meaningless-worthwhile-useless) experience.
6-The largest company in our town has 600 (employs-employees-employers-employment).
7-I hope the new skills I am learning at college will make me more (employable-unemployed-thinkable-
available).
8-My father is a (qualify-qualifies-qualification-qualified) engineer.
9-My uncle is a teacher in the languages (division-section-part-department) at our local school.
10-She has worked very hard this year, so she is hoping for a (demotion-promotion-devotion-communication)
at work next year.
11-Everyone likes working for Mr Hamdi. They say he is a very kind (employer-buyer-player-bricklayer).
12-Universities (do-provide-make-perform) the country with highly qualified young people.
13-The young man (deserted-deserved-desired-deprived) his birthplace and lived in a desert town.

91
14-In the modern world, most young people must expect (changing-to changing-change-to change) employers
several times in their working lives.
15-I’ve enjoyed my career in banking, but now I’m looking forward to (resigning-retiring-retreating-
withdrawing).
16-I hope that my employer will give me some training so that I get (retired-advanced-raised-promoted)
quickly.
17-Amin is (doing-running-making-providing) an evening course in Accountancy, paid for by his company.
18- (Lifelong-Distance-Life-Lifeless) learning means learning that goes on for life.
19-Thanks to information technology, companies in cities all over the world can communicate (with-to-by-
over) each other as if they were in the same office.
20-Nahla wants to keep (up with-up-out-on) the latest developments in Information Technology.
21-When you are good at your job, you get a (provision-production-promotion-protection) quickly.
22-I expect he (would-should-will-must) pass his exams easily.
23-My cousin used to be a soldier, but now he's (retraining-reworking-redoing-rewriting) to be a teacher.
24-Most of the people in my university group are in their twenties, but there are also three (pure-impure-
mature-secure) students.
25-Someone that pays people to work for them is called a/an (purchaser-vampire-employer-employed).
26- (Involvement-Inclusion-Enrolment-Investment) at this college will take place in September.
27-An (idea-ideal-idealistic-idealist) is someone who tries to live according to high standards or principles,
especially in a way that is not practical or possible
28-Graduates are finding it more and more difficult to find (employment-disappointment-employees-
unemployment).
29-Self-control is a sign of (mature-maturity-maturely-amateur).
30-Some people return to education to take educational opportunities he had (lost-broken-missed-spent) when
he was younger.
31-There are many (similarities-similar-same-likely) between the two systems.
32-Tamer asked if his pet snake would (qualify-clarify-liquefy-qualified) for the Cute Pet Contest.
33-(Ideal-Idealist-Idle-Ideally), we should all be lifelong learners.
34-The police offered a (rewarding-awarding-award-reward) for information that would lead to the arrest of
the thieves.
35-They will (offer-present-give-take) him with an award.
36-I cannot believe that it is (sensible-sensitive-senseless-sense) to spend so much.
37-I believe I have the best (qualifies-qualifications-quantities-amounts) for the job.
38-My brother is doing a course (in-at-of-with) information technology.
39-People need to learn new skills during their (work-job-profession-working) lives.
40-Farmers sell their (introduce-produce-producer-producing) in the market.
41-New businesses will (destroy-employ-enjoy-expand) a lot of people in the city.
42-My uncle’s factory needs (highly-high-higher-height) qualified engineers.
43-Their hard work was (awarded-rewarded-got-congratulated) by the winning of a five-year contract ‫عقد‬.
44-There has been an increase (at-in-with-for) the number of tourists going to Luxor.
45-He went back to university to (give-make-do-take) up opportunities to learn things he couldn’t earlier in his
life.
46-They have already made up their (brains-heads-eyes-minds) where to go for your honeymoon?
47-The majority of small businesses now do their banking (out of line-online-offline-inline).
48-Finding a solution to this problem is one of the greatest (challenges-forces-changes- faced by scientists
today.
49-His talents are not fully (appreciated-tasted-calculated-spread) in that company.
50-It takes a lot of (train-retrain-practice-politics) to play the violin well.
 Find the mistake in each of the following sentences then write them correctly:
1-A company in my town closed last week, leaving 50 people employed.
2-Teaching is not very financially awarding.
3-The secondary school in our town employers more than a hundred teachers.
4-I hope my company will provoke me when I finish this computer course.
5-In many countries, the government is the main provide of school education.
6-My uncle works in the sales apartment in a big company
92
7-To remain unemployable, you must be good at the jobs you’re doing today.
8-The company needs an employer to work as an accountant.
9-An outside training company provisions special courses for our company employees.
10-A ripe student is a university or college student who is older than 25.
11-Tariq is making a course in computer skills.
12-Hani got a protection quickly because he was very good at his job.
13-My son has been rolled on the music class. He would like to practise the guitar.
14-By winning the race, John qualification for the Olympics.
15-Fady is the idealist person. He understands the field, has experience, and would be an inspiring team
leader.
16-When the retrain is finished, the workers will know how to operate new computerized machinery.
17-When the employee reaches the age of 60, he / she retirement.
18-Dustmen collect our refusal every day.
19-She considers teaching a worthwhen career.
20-Paul is very similar in appearance with his brother.
 Choose the correct answer:
1-You (doesn’t have to-didn’t have to-shouldn’t-needn't) come if you don't want.
2-We (mustn’t-don’t need to-can’t-shouldn’t) lock the car. It's safe here.
3-You (shouldn’t-mustn’t-should-ought to) drive. You’re too tired.
4-This is a really good book. You (should-must-may-might) read it.
5-I'm absolutely sure! They (must arrive-could arrive-should have arrived-must have arrived) yesterday, I saw
their ticket.
6-I was very tired yesterday. I (was-must-needn’t-had to) go to bed early.
7-You (mustn’t-needn’t-don’t have to-won’t) park here. It says a “No Parking area.
8-You (mustn’t-couldn’t-shouldn’t-shouldn’t have) telephoned me so late. I was fast asleep.
9-We’ve got plenty of time. We (must-mustn’t-needn’t-can’t) hurry.
10-He said I (may-might-should-needn't) try a different kind of job. I think it's good advice.
11-I found a course at my local college where I (could-ought-could have-mustn't) train as a teacher.
12-If I want to start this year, I (have to-may-might-shall) apply by the end of next week. I have no choice.
13-I (ought-should have-am able-can) study at home when I want to.
14-I (can't-may not-might not-should) spend all my life studying. It's impossible for me.
15-I (have to-must-might-can't) study languages. I haven't decided yet.
16-At my sports club, everyone (has to-should-may-might) wear flat shoes. It's an important rule.
17-You (shall-could-need to-manage) get more practice if you want to pass your driving test.
18-If you don't understand, you (may-might-mustn't-should) ask your teacher. That's my advice.
19-I really (can-must-may-might) go and get some bread before the shop closes. I don't have any bread left at
home
20-You (can-have to-mustn't-might not) take photographs here. It's against the law.
21-My children (have to-must-need-needn’t) study ancient history at school next year.
22-We (have to-must-mustn’t-needn’t) buy souvenirs four our friends while we’re here.
23-We (must-mustn’t-needn’t-don’t have to) forget that tourism is very important for Egypt.
24-I (need-have got-needn’t-must) phone my friend this morning. I promised him I would.
25-You (needn’t-mustn’t-don’t have to-have to) drive fast in the city centre. It’s very dangerous.
26-You (must-need-have to-needn’t) pass your exams to go to university.
27-You (don’t have to-mustn’t-can’t-don’t need) take that train. There’s another one in ten minutes.
28-You (must-have to-need to-needn't) buy a pen. I can lend you one.
29-You (mustn't-don't have-need to-needn't) speak so loudly. We are in the library.
30-When you arrive in another country, you (have to-don't need to-mustn't-haven't) show your passport.
31-I (don't have to-shouldn't-need-must) hurry. My train leaves in 5 minutes.
32-I have been tired all day. I (needn't-have got-don't have to-must) get more sleep.
33-A hundred years ago, many people (can-can’t-could-couldn't) read or write.
34-By the ages of five, I (can-can’t-could-couldn't) swim 100 metres.
35-By the age of five, I (can-can’t-could-couldn't) go swimming on my own.
36-(Ought-May-Have-Don't) I ask you a few questions, please?
37-There is plenty of food in the world. We (can-won't-can’t-may not) feed everyone.
93
38-When I was younger I (could-can-was able-managed) stay up all night and not get tired.
39-(Should-Might-Will-Could) I speak to Mr Yacoub, please?
40-The doctors are doing all that they (shall-will-may-can), but she's still not breathing properly.
41-Accidents (can’t-mustn't-can-couldn’t) happen if there are too many cars in city centers.
42-You (must-ought-should have-could have) come and stay with us in Arizona sometime.
43-You (ought-could have-had better-may not) repaint the room. It looks so ugly.
44-I (didn't have to-had to-might-needn't) go to work yesterday. It was a national holiday.
45-You (may not-mustn't-can-ought) bite your nails. It's a bad habit.
 Find the mistake in each of the following sentences then write them correctly:
1-I needn't buy this furniture yesterday. It was really unnecessary.
2-You have to do your homework today. You can do it tomorrow.
3-You can't leave now. You may finish this work first.
4-She must take a taxi yesterday as it was raining heavily.
5-I might wash my hands before eating. It's very important.
6-I wonder if you may do the shopping for me.
7-It was snowing heavily. The roads were slippery. At last we managed to reaching home.
8-We may use plastic cups, so we don't have to wash anything.
9- You mustn’t go if you don't want to.
10-In the past, people can't find clean water, so there were a lot of diseases.
11-Excuse me, should you tell me the way to the station, please?
12-She's been trying to pass her driving test for six years and she's finally managed in passing it.
13-She can the ability to do her job very efficiently.
14-We can end world hunger if we thought it was important enough.
15-You must to eat lots of fresh fruits because they’re very good for you.
16-You needn’t take things that don’t belong to you.
17-Drivers mustn’t carry a valid driving license when operating a motor vehicle.
18-We don’t have to take our umbrellas. It wasn’t necessary.
19-You mustn’t parked here. It’s against the law.
20-Smoking is allowed in the theatre.
Test (Unit 18 &)
1- Respond to the following situations:
1-An educational adviser asks you what skills you'd like to improve. You have never been very good at maths.
1- Someone has asked you for educational advice. Find out what qualifications this person has.
2- A friend wants to go back to education, but cannot leave home to go to the university. Suggest a
distance learning course.
3- A friend suggests that you do an evening course to improve your English.

2- Mention the place, the speakers and the language function in each of the following two mini-dialogues:
1- A: Can I help you, sir? Place:
B: Do you have good cameras? Speaker A:
A: Yes. This one is very good. Speaker B:
B: How much is it. Function:
A: 125 pounds.

2- A: Can I help you? Place:

B: Yes, please. I’d like an English dictionary? Speaker A:
A: Here’s one. It’s 30 pounds. Speaker B:
B: Here’s the money. Function:

3- Choose the correct answer:

1-Lamia is only 16, but she is …………….. . She behaves like an adult.
a) ambitious b) mature c) retrained d) similar
2-Dalia said that this book is difficult to read but it is ………….. . I’ll learn a lot about life from it.
a) qualified b) similar c) unkind d) worthwhile
3-You can tell they are identical twins. Even their likes and dislikes are …………….
94
 a) ambitious b) similar c) worthwhile d) mature
4-The newly unemployed will need some ……………… to go back into the job market.
a) retraining b) maturing c) thinking d) rewarding
5-Hany’s family is celebrating his mom’s ……………….. to director.
a) department b) quality c) employee d) promotion
6-The shop assistant said we’d find the bicycle parts in the athletics ……………….. .
a) reward b) department c) promotion d) provision
7-Last week, he ……………… on an evening course to improve his language.
a) enrolled b) entitled c) entered d) employed
8-We all want to find ……………….. careers that pay well and provide satisfaction.
a) employable b) rewarding c) quality d) mature
9-We ……………… go to Al-Azhar Park tomorrow. We haven’t decided yet.
a) might b) have to c) should d) must
10-……………… we have eggs or beans for breakfast tomorrow? You choose.
a) Might b) Need c) Should d) Could
11-We ……………….. be sensitive to and respectful of people’s differences.
a) might b) need c) could d) should
12-…………………… you make that noise? It really is annoying.
a) Can b) Could c) Must d) Might
13-Yasmin …………… be careful with what she eats because she has diabetes.
a) would b) needs to c) should d) could
14-Do you …………… wear those shoes to work? Are they part of the dress code?
a) have to b) must c) should d) could
15-They …………. go shopping yesterday because the shops were all closed.
a) shouldn’t b) can’t c) couldn’t d) mightn’t
16-Mum said we ……………… go out for ice cream after dinner.
a) have b) need c) could d) must
4- Find the mistake in each of the following sentences then write them correctly:
1-Ideal, we should all be lifelong learners.
2-The personnel manager is checking Walid’s qualifies.
3-The Open University provides distant learning to its students.
4-At the weekend, Omar found a great shop where he might buy inexpensive shoes.
5-Farid might to work harder to perform better on his exams.
6-If you need help with your mathematics, you should to ask your uncle Hany for help.
5- Read the passage then answer the questions:
Computers are used very extensively in the world today. Nearly everything we do in the modern world
is helped or even controlled by computers. Computers are far more efficient than human beings and they have
very good memories and can store huge amounts of information. In addition to that, computers can do
calculations in a fraction of time and can do many of the things we do, but faster and more accurately. That is
why computers are widely used nowadays.
Computers are used in many fields such as the field of health, the field of crime and in the field of arts
and science. In the field of health, we use computers a lot in medicine nowadays. With the help of computers,
doctors can keep patients’ records on a computer and any information about the patient can be obtained
quickly and easily, besides working out what is wrong with a patient or the best treatment to give him or her.
In the field of crime, with the new national police computer, we are now able to find out details of car
ownership and driving licences in no time.
In the field of science, computers are generally associated with the world of science and maths, history
and literature. You tell the computer which subject you are interested in and it supplies you with information
in seconds.
A) Give short answers to the following questions:
1- Why is the modern world controlled by computers?
2- How is computer helpful in the field of medicine?
3- Find words in the passage which mean: a) provide b) cure
B) Choose the correct answer:
4- Computers can store ………………… amounts of information.
95
 a) few b) massive
c) little d) a few
5- …………… everything we do in the world is controlled by computers.
a) Rarely b) Early
c) Nearly d) Never

D- Writing
8- Write a paragraph of about 100 words about:
"The importance of lifelong education"
9- A) Translate into Arabic:
The high cost of living is one of the most complicated problems in Egypt. To bring the prices down,
both the government and the individuals should work together. Investment should be encouraged and
production should be increased.
B) Translate into English:
.‫ تلعب وسائل اإلعالم دورا هاما في توعية الناس بمخاطر التلوث‬-1
.‫ السياحة هي ثاني أهم مورد للعملة األجنبية لمصر بعد البترول‬-2
Part 2 workbook
Workbook Exercises on units 1: 9
1.Choose the correct answer.
1. Millions of people watched the rocket ( start - launch -set off -beginning ) on TV.
2. The medicine I'm taking is wonderful. It has no side (results –damage- effects- problems)
3. My brother and I are not twins, but we are very (alike-same - like -correct)
4. Coal and oil are two kinds of fossil (petrol -gas - energy –fuels)
5. Electricity is produced in a/an (bus - railway- power-energy) station.
6. I expect ( I'm going to see -I'll see - I'm seeing - I see ) you at the weekend.
7. The film (starts- is going to start – started- will start) at 7.30 this evening.
8. How (many - much - lots -different) times have you seen that film?
9. The distance from here to Cairo (are - has been - is - is being) two kilometres.
10. In some places, wood ( are burnt – burns- burnt - is burnt ) to heat people's homes.
11. When I was at school I won a poetry writing.( race- article –competition- game )
12. She sent me the report as an e-mail (attachment – letter- picture- article)
13. The little girl does not want to sing because she is(innocent –secret- spy - shy )
14. My favourite musical (player - instrument - tool - equipment) is the piano.
15. The cover of my book is made of (glass - rubber - cardboard - wood)
16. We arrived half an hour late. The film (began -was beginning - had begun- has begun) half an hour
earlier.
17. The Romans (have captured- were captured - captured -had captured) Petra nearly two thousand years
ago.
18. Christie's books (have been translated-have translated-translated-were being translated) into more than 40
languages,
19. Your train leaves in ten minutes. If you hurry, you (are catching -will catch - would catch d catch) it.
20. If I am thirsty, ( I will drink- I would drink- I am drinking- I drank)water.
21. Too much sun can be (spectacle- harmful - unthinkable - in conflict)
22. We (visited -called -hit -knocked) on the door three times, but they did not hear us.
23. Nurses are part of the medical (profession -work -job - career)
24. I get on well with all my (people -workers -colleagues - relatives) at work, but they are not close friends,
25. The accident (occurred - took -happened - caused) at eight o'clock when everyone was on their way to
work.
26. They left two hours ago, so they (must- must have - have -can't have) arrived by now. It is not far,
27. No one is sure where All is, but we think he( must - can't have- might have- must have) gone to see his
uncle.
28. She asked me whether (I had been - I went - I go - had I been) there before.
29. If( Il read - I read - I had read - I would read)for too long, I get a headache,
96
30. If you had come ten minutes later, I(would leave- will leave -leave -would have left)
2. Find the mistake in each of the following sentences, then write them correctly:
1. Five litres of petrol are enough for me to get to work. 2. My five-year-old sister will start a school in
September.
3. The police is going to get new uniforms. 4. Fifty degrees are a very high temperature.
5. Athletics were my father's favourite sport. 6. The team usually wins.
7. I've decided that I'm doing more exercise in the future. 8. It's a really good film. I'm sure you enjoy it.
9. Thirty kilometres are a long way to walk in hot weather.
10. Millions of cars produce by Japanese companies every year.
11 In many countries, children take the right to go to school until the age of 16.
12. Electricity is produced in energy stations. 13. Twenty million people saw the new film already.
14.Mr. Khaled use to live in a small house in the village centre.
15. Yesterday evening, we revised for our English test when the lights went out.
16. I've attended this school since five years. 17. Our school was opening exactly25 years ago today.
18. She played the piano since the age of six and she still plays every day.
19. If you leave now, you catch your train. 20. Water will freeze if the temperature is zero or
below.
21. If you throw that stone, you break a window. 22. I get a headache unless I spend too long on the
computer.
23. If Yara trains hard, she wins next week's race. 24. If you'll mix red and white, you get pink.
25. Mr.Khaled loves his job. He worked for the same institute for 30 years.
26. When I was younger, I use to want to be a pilot. 27. If you kick the ball too hard, you break that
window.
28. The Mousetrap written by Agatha Christie. 29.Travelling by plane sometimes makes me a
headache.
30. The street where I live is only three metres width.
31. I'm not sure how well I did on the test at school today, but I think I might pass.
32. You can't have been very thirsty. There's no orange juice left in the bottle.
33. I asked him where had he been all morning.
34. If it had been too hot, we wouldn't go to the beach.
35. What about go shopping this afternoon?
36. How in earth is it possible to irrigate the desert?

Workbook on units 10: 18

1. Choose the correct answer
1. I'm sorry, I didn't (see- recognise- realise- position) You. You look completely different.
2. Most secondary school teachers (specialise -work - achieve - concentrate) in one or two subjects.
3. Experiments are used to test scientific (thoughts - processes - models - theories)
4. We're (enjoying - remembering - celebrating - developing)my brother's birthday next weekend.
5. My favourite (place -point - location - position) when 1 play football is goalkeeper.
6. I wish I(had known - know – knew- was knowing )what I was doing at the weekend.
7. My sister wishes she( had worked - worked - works - has worked )harder when she was at school.
8. The children were covered in sand when they got home. They (were playing -have been playing - played -
had been playing) on the beach.
9. By the time we arrived home, we (travelled - had travelled - have travelled - are travelling)over 500
kilometres.
10. I expect (pass- to pass - passing - to passing) my driving test when I take it next year.
11. My parents have always (warned - agreed - encouraged -argued) me to keep fit by playing sports.
12. When you pass your test, you'll get a driving (permission - licence – paper- certificate)
13. He does not want to live a(conventional - daily- exciting)life. He would prefer excitement and
adventure.
14. Their television (window -glass - gadget - screen) is very dirty.
15. (Paper - Paperback – Cardboard- d Hard) books used to be very cheap.
16. Florence Nightingale (which - where - that -who) was born in Italy, went to school in England.
97
 17. My uncle went to a school in London (which - where -who - that) he learned to speak English well.
18. I've felt really tired today (because - so - despite -although)I went to bed early last night
19. I hope that by the end of next week, our roof will have been ( repair - repairing – repaired- repairs )
20. I went to the bank this morning (so - although - because - and) I needed to take out some money.
21. She is very (well organised - conscientious - sociable - ambitious) She loves meeting and talking to new
people.
22. People understand what I am saying when I speak Spanish, but I'm not( fluent – ideal- mature -qualified
)
23. The girl tried to (treat - enroll -provide -persuade) me to lend her my phone, but I refused.
24. One of the supermarkets in our town has 25(employers- employees- applicants - merchants)
25. The school (gives- trains -provides - lends) every student with books, so you don't have to buy any
yourself
26. Yara's parents asked her (weather - where - if -to) she had finished her homework.
27. My friend's parents have invited me (for going -go - going - to go)on holiday with them next year.
28. Ali's doctor advised. (he - him - it - his )to stay at home if he was feeling ill.
29. If it isn't too hot tomorrow, I (should - must - can't- might).go swimming.
30. They(have to -should -might -can)be at school by eight o'clock every day. School starts at eight.
Find the mistake in each of the following sentences, and then write it correctly.
1. I wish the school holidays are longer. 2. If only I haven't forgotten where I put my mobile phone.
3. Leila wishes she could read faster. 4. I'm really tired this morning. I wish I had sleep more last
night.
5. Ali wishes he can come to your party, but he's not feeling well.
6. I wish I didn't lent her my dictionary. She's taken it home with her.
7..He hopes winning a prize for his school work. 8.I regret to go to the cinema. It was not a very good film.
9. She offered taking me to the station in her car.
10. We've just finished to watch a TV programme about Egyptian history.
11 When did you decide studying biology at university? 12 We've arranged picking my brother up from the
airport.
13. Ali is planning to spending all weekend revising for next week's maths test.
14. Their teacher agreed helping them find an English pen friend.
15. It was nearly midnight by the time he has finished his homework last night.
16. She is very hungry when the rescue team found her. She had eaten nothing for nearly three days.
17. If only they write more quickly. 18. I wish there is something I could do to keep fit.
19. She has decided studying medicine when she goes to university.20. Yara suggested to go to the zoo at
the
21. Queen Victoria, who husband Albert died in 1861, lived until 1901.
22. The town which I was born is in the northeast of the country.
23. Mustafa was happy despite he came third in the race. 24. On hear the good news Amina phoned her
parents.
25. We won't be tell the result of the test until the day after tomorrow.
26. Scientists believe that by 2020, a replacement for oil will have found.
27. My friend asked me if had I enjoyed reading the book she had lent me.
28. Parents often warn their children to not cross the road without looking.
29. I don't expect them arriving yet. They're often late. 30. You can buying clothes in some supermarkets
now.
31. If you couldn't see what you want in a shop, you should ask an assistant.
32. You must to remember to post this letter. It's very important.
Part 3 the novel

)‫ درجات‬9( ) The Prisoner of Zenda ‫السؤال السابع ( القصة‬

1. Why was Rose angry with Rassendyll? (or)Why wasn’t Rose happy with Rassendyll’s attitude in
life?

98
 .Because she thought he was lazy as he didn't want to look for work or responsibilities
‫ في الحياة ؟‬Rassendyll ‫ سعيدة من موقف‬Rose ‫ ؟ لماذا لم تكن‬Rassendyll ‫ غاضبة من‬Rose ‫ لماذا كانت‬.1
. ‫ألنها اعتقدت أنه كان كسول و ال يريد البحث عن عمل أو مسؤولياتـ‬
2. Why didn’t Rassendyll work? Why was Rassendyll satisfied with his life with no
responsibilities?
.Because he liked to live an easy, quiet life
‫ راض عن حياته بدون مسؤوليات ؟‬Rassendyll ‫ ؟ لماذا كان‬Rassendyll ‫ لماذا لم يعمل‬. 2
.‫ألنه يحب أن يعيش حياة هادئة سهلة‬
3. What greatly changed Rassendyll’s quiet lifestyle? How?
His position as “King" of Ruritania greatly changed his lifestyle. He had to run the country and
.rescue the real King from the Duke
‫ ؟ كيف؟‬Rassendyll ‫ ما الذي غير كثيرا نمط الحياة الهادئة لــــ‬. 3
.Duke ‫ كان عليه ادارة البالد وانقاذ الملك الحقيقي من‬. ‫ غير كثيرا أسلوب حياته‬Ruritania " ‫مكانته بأنه " ملك‬
4. Why did Rose think Rassendyll was different from his brother, Robert?
Robert realised that his position in society had responsibilities, but Rassendyll only saw opportunities
.in his
‫ ؟‬Robert ، ‫ مختلف عن أخيه‬Rassendyll ‫ أن‬Rose ‫ لماذا أعتقدت‬. 4
. ‫ يرى فقط فرص في مكانته‬Rassendyll ‫ ولكن‬، ‫ أدرك أن مكانته في المجتمع تحمل مسؤولياتـ‬Rupert
5. What did Rassendyll promise to do so that his family were pleased with him?
.He promised to work with Sir Jacob, who was going to be an ambassador in six months' time
‫ لكي ترضي عنه عائلته؟‬Rassendyll ‫ ما الذي وعد به‬. 5
. ‫ الذي كان على وشك أن يكون سفيرا في غضون ستة أشهر‬، Sir Jacob ‫وعد بالعمل مع‬
6. How did the Rassendylls have interest in Ruritania? How did Rassendyll get his red hair?
.Because Countess Amelia was married to a member of the royal family in Ruritania, the Elphbergs
‫ على شعره الأحمر ؟‬Rassendyll ‫ ؟ كيف حصل‬Ruritania ‫ جذور في‬Rassendyll‫ كيف كان لعائلهـ‬. 6
. Elphbergs ‫ وهي عائلة‬، Ruritania ‫ كانت متزوجة من أحد أفراد العائلة المالكة في‬Amelia ‫ألن الكونتيسةـ‬
7. What does Rassendyll mean by "I had not been lazy all my life?" Explain”.
a- He studied hard and had a good education
b- He spoke five languages, English, German, French, Italian and Spanish
.c- He was good with a gun and a strong swordsman, and was also very good at riding a horse
. " ‫ " لم أكن كسول طوال حياتي ؟ " اشرح‬Rassendyll ‫ ماذا يعني‬. 7
‫ وكان تعليمه جيد‬، ‫ درس بجد‬-‫ا‬
‫ اإلنجليزية واأللمانية والفرنسية واإليطالية واإلسبانية‬، ‫ب وتحدث خمس لغات‬
.‫ و كان أيضاـ جيد جدا في ركوب الخيل‬،‫ج و كان ماهرا باستخدام المسدس وكان مبارزـ قوي‬
8. What did Rassendyll tell his family he was going to do, which was not true?
.He told them he was going to go walking in the Alps and write a book about social problems in the country
‫ والذي لم يكن صحيحا ؟‬،‫ لعائلته انه سوف يفعل‬Rassendyll ‫ ماذا قال‬. 8
.‫قال لهم انه ذاهب لجبال األلبـ و سيكتب كتابا عن المشاكل االجتماعية في البالد‬
9. What did Rassendyll do and kept secret from his family? Why?
He travelled to Ruritania to see the coronation but he didn't tell his family about that because he
.didn't like to tell people where he was going on his travels
In Ruritania, he pretended to be the King, but he told his family nothing about this adventure because
.he was careful not to let anyone know about it for the sake of Ruritania and its King
‫ و أخفاه عن عائلته ؟ لماذا؟‬Rassendyll ‫ ماذا الذي فعله‬. 9
. ‫ لرؤية حفل التتويج لكنه لم يقل عائلته عن ذلك ألنه لم يكن يود أن يقول للناس أين هو ذاهب في رحالته‬Ruritania ‫سافر إلى‬
‫ ولم يقول اي شيئ لعائلتهـ حول هذه المغامرة ألنه كان حريصاـ على عدم السماح ألي شخص‬، ‫ تظاهر أنه الملك‬، Ruritania ‫في‬
. ‫ و ملكها‬Ruritania ‫معرفة ذلك من أجل‬
10. What do Rassendyll’s friends Featherly and Bertrand do in Paris?
.George Featherly works in the British embassy and Bertram Bertrand is a famous journalist
‫ ؟‬Bertrand ‫ و‬Featherly ‫ في باريس‬Rassendyll ‫ ماذا كان يعمل اصدقاء‬. 10
99
 .‫ صحفي مشهور‬Bertrand ‫ يعمل في السفارة البريطانيةـ و‬Featherly George
11. Why didn't Rassendyll tell Featherly he was going to Ruritania?
.Because he didn't want the news to get into the newspapers
‫ ؟‬Ruritania ‫ بانه ذاهب لــ‬Featherly ‫ لــــ‬Rassendyll ‫ لماذا لم يقل‬. 11
.‫ألنه ال يريد نشر الخبر في الصحف‬
12. What did the guards do with Rassendyll at the Ruritanian border? Why?
They stared at him and his passport because they were surprised to see that Rassendyll looked very
.like their King
‫ ؟ لماذا؟‬Ruritanian ‫ على حدود‬Rassendyll ‫ ماذا فعل الحراس مع‬. 12
. ‫ كان يشبه ملكهم بدرجه هائله‬Rassendyll ‫حدقوا النظر اليه وفي جواز سفره ألنها كانت مفاجأة لهم لأن‬
13. Where in Ruritania did Rassendyll get off the train from Dresden?Why?
He got off at Zenda because he read in the newspapers that all the hotels of Strelsau were filled with
.people who came to see the coronation
‫ ؟ لماذا ؟‬Dresden ‫ من القطار من‬Rassendyll ‫ نزل‬Ruritania ‫ في اي مكان في‬. 13
.‫ مملوءة بالناسـ الذين جاءوا لرؤية التتويج‬Strelsau ‫ ألنه قرأ في الصحف ان جميع الفنادق في‬Zenda ‫نزل في‬
14. What did the innkeeper think of the Duke and the King? Why?
She loved the Michael because he had always lived in Ruritania, and he cared about the people, so
.people liked him
She didn't like the King because he had been abroad for most of his life and not many people knew
.what he looked like. He was only interested in hunting and good food
‫ والملك ؟ لماذا؟‬Duke‫ ما راي صاحبةـ الفندق في ال‬. 14
. ‫ لذلك الناسـ احبوه‬، ‫ كان يهتم بالناسـ‬، Ruritania ‫ ألنه كان يعيش دائما في‬Michael ‫احبت‬
.‫ وأنه كان مهتما فقط بالصيد والطعام الجيد‬. ‫لم يعجبها الملك ألنه كان في الخارج معظم حياته و الكثير من الناس ال يعرفون كيف يكون شكله‬
15. Michael’s hunting invitation to the king was just a trap. Explain how.
Michael invited him to the hunting lodge. Michael was planning to get rid of the King by poisoning
.him and making him miss the coronation for himself to be the King instead
.‫ اشرح كيف‬. ‫ للملك للصيد مجرد فخ‬Michael ‫ كان دعوة‬. 15
‫ يخطط للتخلص من الملك وذلك بوضع سم له يجعله يفقد التتويج علي ان يكون‬Michael ‫ وكان‬.‫ دعاه لكوخ الصيد‬Michael
.‫ الملك بدال من اخيه‬Michael
16. Who thinks Michael and his brother cannot be good friends? Why?
It is the innkeeper because she knows that they both want the same thing. Each wants to be King and
the same wife (princess Flavia)
‫ و أخيه ال يمكن أن يكونوا أصدقاء حميمين ؟ لماذا؟‬Michael ‫من الذي يعتقد‬. 16
) Flavia ‫ كل منهم يريد أن يكون الملك ويريد نفس الزوجة ( األميرة‬.‫انها صاحبة الفندق ألنها تعرف أن كال منهما يريد نفس الشيء‬
17. At which point did Rassendyll have sympathy for Michael?
This happened when he knew from the innkeeper that Michael would like to be King. Here,
.Rassendyll felt sorry for Michael
‫ ؟‬Michael ‫ مع‬Rassendyll ‫ في اي موقف تعاطف‬. 17
. Michael ‫ باألسف تجاه‬Rassendyll ‫ شعر‬، ‫ هنا‬. ‫ يود أن يكون الملك‬Michael ‫حدث هذا عندما عرف من صاحبة الفندق أن‬
18. How was Johann generous with Rassendyll as a guest?
He offered Rassendyll to stay with his sister's family in Strelsau for the coronation, and Rassendyll
.happily accepted the offer
‫ كضيف ؟‬Rassendyll ‫ كريم مع‬Johann ‫ كيف كان‬. 18
.‫ العرض بسعادة‬Rassendyll ‫ وقبل‬، ‫ لرؤية التتويج‬Strelsau ‫ االقامه مع عائلة شقيقته في‬Rassendyll ‫قدم لـــ‬
19. What were the similarities and differences between Rassendyll and King Rudolf?
.They had almost the same appearance as they had red hair -
.They both liked to have an easy life -
They had different personalities and skills, Rassendyll was a good fighter, but the king was no way a -
.fighting man. He preferred eating to action
‫ ؟‬Rudolf ‫ و الملك‬Rassendyll ‫ ما هي أوجه الشبه واالختالف بين‬. 19
100
 . ‫ انهم كان لهم تقريبا نفس المظهر كما كان لديهم شعر أحمر‬-
. ‫ كالهما يحب أن يعيش حياة سهلة‬-
.‫ ولكن لم يكن الملكـ بأي حال من األحوال رجل مقاتل‬، ‫ مقاتال جيدا‬Rassendyll ‫ كان‬،‫كان لديهم شخصياتـ و مهارات مختلفة‬
.‫انه يفضل األكل عن العمل‬
20. Why was the king and his men surprised to see Rassendyll in the forest?
.Because Rassendyll looked exactly like the King
‫ في الغابةـ ؟‬Rassendyll ‫ لماذا اتفاجأـ الملكـ و رجالهـ عند رؤية‬. 20
.‫ كان يشبه تماما الملك‬Rassendyll ‫ألن‬
21. Why did Rassendyll want to leave Ruritania before the coronation? What if he had left?
Because Fritz thought that Rassendyll looked so like the King and Sapt agreed with him. If he'd left,
.the Duke would surely have become the King
‫ قبل التتويج ؟ ماذا لو كان قد غادر ؟‬Ruritania ‫ ان يغادر‬Rassendyll ‫ لماذا أراد‬. 21
.‫ الملك‬Duke ‫ بالتأكيد أصبح‬، ‫ إذا كان قد غادر‬.‫ اتفق معه‬Sapt ‫ يشبه جدا الملكـ و‬Rassendyll ‫ اعتقد أن‬Fritz ‫ألن‬
22. The king was irresponsible, dependent and not very wise. Explain.
When Fritz said it wasn’t a good idea for Rassendyll to visit Strelsau at the time of the coronation as there -1
.would be problems, the King seemed surprised by the suggestion and asked Sapt for advice
When the King had been rescued, he wanted to take Rassendyll back with him to Strelsau to tell the -2
people about the brave things he had done, but Sapt said this was not possible, thinking that this
.would create a problem
. ‫ إشرح‬.‫ و متواكل وليس حكيم بدرجه كبيرة‬، ‫ كان الملك غير مسؤول‬. 22
، ‫ حيث ستكون هناكـ مشاكل‬، ‫ في وقت التتويج‬Strelsau ‫ زيارة‬Rassendyll ‫ أنها لم تكن فكرة جيدة لـ‬Fritz ‫ عندما قال‬- 1
. Sapt ‫إندهش الملك من الاقتراح وطلب نصيحة‬
‫ ليقول للناسـ عن األشياء الشجاعة التي قام‬Strelsau ‫ معه لــ‬Rassendyll ‫ وعندما تم انقاذ الملك قال انه يريد أن يأخذ‬-2
.‫ معتقدا بأن هذا من شأنه أن يخلق مشكلة‬، ‫ قال هذا لم يكن ممكنا‬Sapt ‫ لكن‬،‫بها‬
23. Prove that the king preferred eating to action.
On the night before the coronation, he ate huge amounts of food and when the cakes were served at -
.the end of the meal, he ate a lot of them hungrily
.‫ إثبت أن الملك يفضل الأكل عن العمل‬. 23
. ‫ أكل الكثير منهم بنهم‬، ‫ وعندما قدم له الكعك في نهاية الوجبة‬، ‫ أكل كميات كبيرة من الطعام‬، ‫ في الليلة قبل التتويج‬-
24. What were Sapt and Fritz careful not to do on the night before the coronation? What was their
advice to the King?
.Not to eat too much as they needed to get up early the next day
‫ حريصون على عدم القيام به في الليلةـ قبل التتويج ؟ ماذا كانت نصيحتهم للملكـ ؟‬Fritz‫ و‬Sapt ‫ ما الشيئ الذي كان‬. 24
.‫اال يأكل كثيرا ألنهم في حاجة لالستيقاظـ مبكرا في اليوم التالي‬
25. What did The Duke do to stop the coronation and why?
.He poisoned the King for himself to become King
‫ لوقف التتويج ولماذا؟‬Duke ‫ ما الذي فعله الــ‬. 25
. ‫لقد سم الملك لكي يصبح هو نفسه الملك‬
26. Why wasn't Rassendyll so seriously poisoned as the King?
.The King ate a lot of the poisonous cakes, but Rassendyll ate only one
‫ بدرجة خطيره كما سمم الملك؟ـ‬Rassendyll ‫ لماذا لم يسم‬. 26
.‫ أكل واحدة فقط‬Rassendyll ‫ ولكن‬، ‫أكل الملكـ الكثير من الكعك المسموم‬
27. What were the symptoms of poison on the king?
.The King's face was red and he was breathing heavily. His pulse was weak and slow
‫ ما هي أعراض السم على الملكـ ؟‬. 27
.‫ كان له نبض ضعيف وبطيئ‬.‫كان وجهه الملكـ أحمر و كان يتنفسـ بصعوبة‬
28. What was Fritz determined to do when the King was poisoned? Why?
He wanted to tell everyone that the Duke had poisoned his brother to be King to gain people's
.sympathy for the King against the Duke

101
 ‫ مصمم عندما تعرض الملك للتسمم ؟ لماذا؟‬Fritz ‫ علي اي شيئ كان‬. 28
.Duke ‫ قد سمم شقيقه أن يكون الملك لكسب تعاطف الشعب للملكـ ضد‬Duke ‫أراد أن يقول للجميعـ أن‬
29. Why was it essential that the king be crowned on the day appointed for that?
.If the King was not crowned on this same day, he would never be King as Michael would take the crown
‫ لماذا كان من الضروري أن يتوج الملكـ في اليوم المحدد لذلك؟‬. 29
)‫(الملك؟‬.‫ علي التاج‬Michael ‫ لن يكون أبدا ملك وسيستولي‬، ‫إذا لم يتم توج الملك في هذا اليوم نفسه‬
30. How was Michael a power seeking person? What did this drive him to do?
.He wanted to be King, and this made him plan to kill his brother to become the King instead
‫ سخص يسعي وراء السلطه؟ ماذا دفعه ذلك أن يفعل ؟‬Michael ‫ كيف كان‬. 30
.‫ و هذا جعله يخطط لقتل أخيه ليصبح الملك بدال منه‬، ‫أراداليكون الملكـ‬
31. What did Sapt mean by it was lucky they met Rassendyll?
.He meant that Rassendyll looked very like the King and so he could replace the king in the coronation
‫ ؟‬Rassendyll ‫ بأنهم محظوظون بانهم قابلو‬Sapt ‫ ماذا كان يعني‬. 31
.‫ شبيه جدا بالـلملك و لذلك يمكن أن يحل محل الملك في التتويج‬Rassendyll ‫انه يعني أن‬
32. How did Sapt plan to stop Michael becoming King?
.He persuaded Rassendyll to pretend to be the King. This went on until the real King was rescued in the end
‫ ان يصبح الملكـ ؟‬Michael ‫ لوقف‬Sapt ‫ كيف خطط‬. 32
.‫ واستمر هذا حتى تم انقاذ الملك الحقيقي في النهاية‬. ‫ ان يتظاهرـ بانه الملك‬Rassendyll ‫أقنع‬
33. What was Sapt’s plan to rescue the king after the coronation?
Sapt and Rassendyll would come back to the lodge at night to get the king. Sapt would take the king
.to Strelsau and Rassendyll would leave the country
‫ النقاذ الملكـ بعد التتويج ؟‬Sapt ‫ ماذا كانتـ خطة‬. 33
. ‫ يغادر البالد‬Rassendyll ‫ و‬Strelsau ‫ سياخذ الملك لـ‬Sapt .‫ سوف يعودون للبيت الصغير في الليل الحضار الملك‬Rassendyll ‫ و‬Sapt
34. Why did Rassendyll at first hesitate over pretending to be the King?
He was worried as people would realise that he was not the real King. He also feared that the King
.would never forgive this
‫ في البداية على التظاهر ليكون الملك؟‬Rassendyll ‫ لماذا تتردد‬. 34
.‫ أيضاـ كان يخشى أن الملكـ لن يغفر ذلك‬. ‫انه كان قلق من الناس ان يدركوا أنه لم يكن الملك الحقيقيـ‬
35. Why did Rassendyll realize he had no choice but to pretend to be the King?
When he looked at the poor King who was lying helpless on the floor, he felt great sympathy for him.
.He realised that he was the only one who could save him
‫ انه ليس لديه خيار سوى التظاهرـ يكون الملك؟ـ‬Rassendyll ‫ لماذا أدرك‬. 35
.‫عندما نظر الي الملك المسكين الراقد علي األرض بال حيله شعر باألسف الشديد تجاهه و أدرك أنه كان الشخص الوحيد الذي يمكن انقاذه‬
36. Why did Sapt decide to leave the lodge ear1ier with Fritz and Rassendyll?
They wanted to get out of the lodge before the arrival of Michael's guards, who might have orders to
.kidnap or kill the King
‫ ؟‬Rassendyll ‫ و‬Fritz ‫ ترك البيت الصغير مبكرا مع‬Sapt ‫ لماذا قرر‬. 36
.‫ الذين قد يكونوا تلقوا أوامر بخطف أو قتل الملك‬، Michael ‫انهم يريدون الخروج من البيت الصغير قبل وصول حراس‬
37. Which two were locked in the cellar of the lodge and why?
The King and Johann's mother. Sapt and Fritz planned to hide the King so that Michael's men didn't find him.
.They tied Johann's mother up and locked her in the cellar because she overheard their plan
‫ من االثنان اللذان كانا محتجزين في قبو البيتـ الصغيرـ ولماذا؟‬. 37
‫ و حبسوها‬Johann ‫ وربطوا أم‬. ‫ لم يجدوه‬Michael ‫ إلخفاء الملك بحيث رجال‬Fritz‫ و‬Sapt ‫ خطط‬.Johann ‫الملكـ وأم‬
. ‫في القبو ألنها تصنتتعليـ خطتهم‬
38. Why was it a risk for Rassendyll to pretend to be the King?
.Because, if the plan had been discovered, Sapt, Fritz, and Rassendyll would have been killed or put in prison
‫ بانه الملك ؟‬Rassendyll ‫ لماذا كانت مخاطره ان يتظاهر‬. 38
.‫ سوف يقتلوا أو يوضعوا في السجن‬Rassendyll ‫ و‬، Sapt ، Fritz ،‫ألنه إذا تم اكتشاف الخطة‬
39. How did the King's men prepare Rassendyll for the coronation?

102
 .Josef dressed him in the King's clothes and Sapt told him the history of the King's life
‫ للتتويجـ ؟‬Rassendyll ‫ كيف جهز رجال الملكـ‬. 39
.‫ تاريخ حياة الملك‬Sapt ‫ لبسه مالبس الملكـ و قال له‬Josef
40. Why were the station guards surprised to see the King (Rassendyll)?
Because the King came to the station earlier than planned and without a guard of soldiers, but Fritz
.told them the King had changed his plans
‫ ؟‬Rassendyll(( ‫ لماذا فوجئ حراس المحطة عند رؤية الملكـ‬. 40
.‫ ان الملك قد غير خطته‬Fritz ‫ ولكن قال لهم‬، ‫ألن الملك جاء إلى المحطة في وقت سابق عما كان مخططا له و بدون حراسة الجنود‬
41. How did Rassendyll feel after meeting the Marshal on the coronation morning?
.He began to feel less nervous as no one seemed to realise that he was not the real King
‫ صباح يوم التتويج ؟‬Marshal ‫ بعد لقاء‬Rassendyll ‫ كيف شعر‬. 41
. ‫بدأ ان يشعر بعصبية أقل ولم يدرك اي احد أنه لم يكن الملك الحقيقي‬
42. Who did the people in Strelsau want to be the future King? Why?
.The rich supported King Rudolf because they lived well under his father and wanted nothing to change-
.The poor supported Duke Michael because Michael gave them hope for a better future -
‫ ان يكون الملكـ الموعود؟ لماذا؟‬Strelsau ‫ من الذين يريدونه الناسـ في‬. 42
.‫ ألنهم يعيشون بشكل جيد في ظل حكم والده ولم يريوا ان يتغير شيئ‬Rudolf ‫األغنياء يدعمون الملك‬
.‫ أعطاهم األمل في مستقبل أفضل‬Michael ‫ ألن‬Michael Duke ‫ الفقراء يدعمون‬-
43. Why did Rassendyll think he was discovered even before he was crowned king?
".Antoinette knew who he was and was afraid that she would call out, "That is not the real King
‫ انه تم اكتشافه قبل أن يتوج ملك؟‬Rassendyll ‫ لماذا اعتقد‬. 43
‫ " ليس هذا هو الملك الحقيقي‬،‫ عرفت من هو وكان يخشى أنها سوف تنادي‬Antoinette
44. What did the Marshal do that Rassendyll suspected? What was Rassendyll's reaction?
The Marshal ordered his men to enter the old town. Rassendyll ordered him to tell the soldiers to ride
ahead off him, deciding to ride alone through this poor area as he wanted to act like a real King and
.show the people that their King trusted them
‫؟‬Rassendyll ‫ يشك ؟ ماذا كان رد فعل‬Rassendyll ‫ وجعل‬Marshal ‫ ما الذي فعله‬. 44
‫ وقرر السير بمفرده خالل‬، ‫ ليقول للجنود ان يسيروا بعيدا عنه‬Rassendyll ‫ أمره‬.‫ رجالهـ لدخول البلدة القديمة‬Marshal ‫أمر‬
.‫هذه المنطقة الفقيرة ألنه أراد أن يتصرف وكأنه الملك الحقيقي و يظهر للناسـ ان ملكهم واثق بهم‬
45. Why was Sapt worried about Rassendyll's decision to ride alone?
Because he knew that the people in the old town supported the Duke and was afraid that Rassendyll
.would be hurt or attacked there
‫ للسيرـ وحده ؟‬Rassendyll ‫ قلقا بشأن قرار‬Sapt ‫ لماذا كان‬. 45
.‫ بضرر أو هجوم هناك‬Rassendyll ‫ و كان يخشى أن يصاب‬Duke ‫ألنه كان يعرف أن الناس في البلدة القديمة يدعمون‬
46. How will Michael’s plans fail if Rassendyll becomes popular?
.It will be hard for him to get the support of the poor people if he tries to become King
‫ ذو شعبية ؟‬Rassendyll ‫ اذا اصبح‬Michael ‫ كيف ستفشل خطط‬. 46
. ‫سيكون من الصعب بالنسبةـ له الحصول على تاييد الفقراء اذا كان يحاول أن يصبح الملك‬
47. Why did Michael’s face turn white when he first saw Rassendyll?
.Because he thought the King was poisoned and still in Zenda
‫ ؟‬Rassendyll‫ شاحب عندما رأى ألول مره‬Michael ‫ لماذا اصبح وجه‬. 47
. Zenda ‫ألنه يعتقد انه سمم الملك وانه ال يزال في‬
48. What was the Duke like as he greeted the new King, Rassendyll? Why?
.He was shaking with anger because he realised this was not the real King
‫ ؟ لماذا؟‬Rassendyll ، ‫ عندما كان في استقبال الملك الجديد‬Duke ‫ صف‬. 48
. ‫كان يرتجف من الغضب ألنه أدرك ان هذا لم يكن الملك الحقيقي‬
49. Did Michael realise this was not the real King? How do you know?
Yes. At first, he was surprised to see the King at the coronation, but then he had news from Zenda
.that all was well
103
 ‫ ان هذا ليس الملك الحقيقي ؟ كيف يمكنك أن تعرف ذلك ؟‬Michael ‫ هل أدرك‬. 49
. ‫ أن كل شيء كان علي ما يرام‬Zenda ‫ ولكن بعد ذلك كان لديه أخبارا من‬، ‫ـ فوجئ لرؤية الملكـ في التتويج‬،‫ في البداية‬.‫نعم‬
50. When they were together in the coach, what did the Princess say about the king?
.She said he had changed as he looked more tired and serious, and also thinner
‫ ماذا قالت األميرة عن الملكـ ؟‬، ‫ عندما كانوا معا في العربه التي تجرها الخيول‬. 50
. ‫قالت أنه تغير كما انه بدا أكثر تعبا وأكثر جديا و نحافه‬
51. What did Rassendyll do on the coronation day that surprised the princess?
.He rode alone through the old town
‫ يوم التتويج و أدهش األميرة ؟‬Rassendyll ‫ ماذا فعل‬. 51
.‫سار وحده من خالل المدينة القديمة‬
52. Why didn’t it worry Rassendyll that Michael realized that he wasn’t the real king?
Because the Duke didn’t declare it in public, and Rassendyll knew the real King would be back in the
.palace at night
‫ أدرك أنه لم يكن الملك الحقيقي ؟‬Michael ‫ أن‬Rassendyll ‫ لماذا لم يقلق‬. 52
.‫ ان الملك الحقيقي سيعود للقصر ليال‬Rassendyll ‫ و عرف‬، ‫ لم يعلن ذلك على المأل‬Duke ‫ألن الـ‬
53. On the coronation day, Rassendyll disguised twice. Explain.
.He disguised as the King to be crowned King -1
.He was dressed as an ordinary person when he left for Zenda with Sapt to get the King -2
. ‫ اشرح‬.‫ مرتين‬Rassendyll ‫ تنكر‬، ‫ في يوم التتويج‬. 53
. ‫ – تنكر في زي الملكـ المتوج‬1
. ‫ الحضارـ الملكـ‬Sapt ‫ مع‬Zenda ‫ كان يرتدي كشخص عادي عندما ذهب لـ‬- 2
54. Why did Sapt and Rassendyll need a permit from the King to leave the city? How did they get
it?
.Because the city gates were locked at Michael's orders. Sapt signed it
‫ بحاجة إلى تصريح من الملك لمغادرة المدينة ؟ كيف حصلوا عليه؟ـ‬Rassendyll ‫ و‬Sapt ‫ لماذا كان‬. 54
. Michael ‫ألن بواباتـ المدينة كانت مغلقه بأوامر من‬
55. When the coronation was over, why was Sapt worried about Rassendyll?
Sapt learnt that the Duke had received news from Zenda so Sapt asked Rassendyll to leave the
.country as soon as possible
‫ ؟‬Rassendyll ‫ قلق علي‬Sapt ‫ لماذا كان‬، ‫ عندما انتهي التتويج‬. 55
. ‫ مغادرة البالد في أقرب وقت ممكن‬Rassendyll ‫ من‬Sapt ‫ لذلك طلب‬Zenda ‫ تلقى أخبار من‬Duke ‫ ان‬Sapt ‫علم‬
56. What was Fritz's mission while Sapt and Rassendyll went to Zenda?
.He would stay and guard the King's bedroom. He must not let anyone in, not even the Duke
‫ ؟‬Zenda ‫ لـ‬Rassendyll ‫ و‬Sapt ‫ حين ذهب‬Fritz ‫ ما ذا كانت مهمة‬. 56
.Duke ‫ وال حتى‬، ‫ و يجب عليه عدم السماح ألي شخص بالخول‬.‫كان عليه البقاءـ و حراسة غرفة نوم الملك‬
57. How did Sapt and Rassendyll escape from the palace?
They went out of the King's room through a secret passage in the wall, and then went out of the
.palace through a secret door
‫ من القصر ؟‬Rassendyll ‫ و‬Sapt ‫ كيف هرب‬. 57
.‫ ومن ثم خرجوا من القصر من خالل البابـ السري‬،‫خرجوا من غرفة الملك من خالل ممر سري في الجدار‬
58. Why did Michael and Max choose to go to the castle and not the lodge?
.They had news that "all is well". Max also feared there will be a trap at the lodge
‫ الذهاب للقلعة وليس البيتـ الصغير؟‬Max ‫ و‬Michael ‫ لماذا اختار‬. 58
. ‫ ان يكون هناكـ فخ في البيتـ الصغير‬Max ‫ كما كان يخشى‬. " ‫كان لديهم اخبار ان " كل شيء على ما يرام‬
59. Back to the lodge at night, what did Sapt and Rassendyll find out?
They found out that the King had been kidnapped, Josef had been killed, and Johann's mother had
.been freed
‫ ؟‬Rassendyll ‫ و‬Sapt ‫ ماذا اكتشف‬، ‫ عندما عادوا للبيتـ الصغيرـفي الليل‬. 59

104
 .Johann ‫ و تم إطالق سراح ام‬، Josef ‫ وتم قتل‬، ‫اكتشفوا أن الملكـ كان قد اختطف‬
60. At which point was Sapt about to shoot Michael? What stopped him?
This happened at the fork at the forest at night. Sapt lifted up his gun and pointed it at Michael, but
.didn’t shoot, realising that this wouldn’t have helped the King's situation
‫ ؟ ما الذي منعه ؟‬Michael ‫ على وشك اطالق النارـ علي‬Sapt ‫ في اي موقف كان‬. 60
‫ مدركا أن هذا‬، ‫ ولكن لم يطلق النار‬، Michael ‫ مسدسه و صوبه نحو‬Sapt ‫ رفع‬.‫حدث ذلك عند مفترق الطرق في الغابةـ ليال‬
.‫لن يكون في صالح الملك‬
61. What did Rassendyll suggest doing when they found out that the king was kidnapped?
.He said they must collect every soldier in Strelsau to catch Michael before the King is killed
‫ عندما وجد ان الملكـ قد تم اختطافه؟‬Rassendyll ‫ ماذا اقترح‬. 61
.‫ قبل أن يتم قتل الملك‬Michael ‫ للقبضـ على‬Strelsau ‫يجب جمع كل جندي في‬
62. How did Sapt, Fritz, and Rassendyll escaped death on the coronation morning?
They were lucky to have left the lodge earlier. Otherwise they would have been killed by Michael's
.men
‫ من الموت صباح يوم التتويج ؟‬Rassendyll ‫ و‬، Sapt ، Fritz ‫ كيف نجا‬. 62
. Michael ‫ وإال لكانوا قد قتلوا من قبل رجال‬. ‫كانوا محظوظين لمغادرة البيتـ الصغير في وقت مبكر‬
63. Why didn’t Rassendyll leave Runtania soon after the coronation?
.Sapt persuaded him to continue to pretend to be the King
‫ بعد التتويج مباشرة ؟‬Rassendyll Runtania ‫ لماذا لم يغادر‬. 63
. ‫ أقنعه بمواصلة التظاهرـ بانه الملك‬Sapt
64. Why did Michael look worried at the coronation?
.He was worried to have a pretend King that looked almost the same as the real King
‫ قلقا في التتويج ؟‬Michael ‫ لماذا كان يبدو‬. 64
. ‫كان قلقا لنه تظاهر بانه الملكـ الذي كان يبدو تقريبا نفس الملك الحقيقي‬
65. Why can’t Michael or his men say that Rassendyll wasn’t the real king?
.Because they can't say this is not the real King without showing their guilt
‫ ليس الملك الحقيقيـ ؟‬Rassendyll ‫ أو رجاله ان يقولوا ان‬Michael ‫ لماذا ال يستطع‬. 65
. ‫ألنهم ال يستطيعون أن يقولوا ان هذا ليس هو الملك الحقيقي دون أن يظهروا ذنبهم‬

66. What does Sapt plan to do if the real King is dead?

.Rassendyll will remain as King
. ‫ كملك‬Rassendyll ‫سيبقى‬ ‫ لو الملك الحقيقي مات؟‬Sapt ‫ ماذا هي خطة‬. 66
67. Why did Sapt insist that Rassendyll must continue to be the King?
This will stop Michael killing the King because he knows that Rassendyll will stay King if the real
.King is killed. He also wants to stop Michael becoming King
‫ الملك؟ـ‬Rassendyll ‫ على أن يستمر‬Sapt ‫ لماذا اصر‬. 67
‫ انه يريد‬. ‫ سيبقى الملكـ إذا تم قتل الملكـ الحقيقيـ‬Rassendyll ‫ من قتل الملكـ ألنه يعلم أن‬Michael ‫سيؤدي هذا إلى إيقاف‬
. ‫ من ان يصبح الملك‬Michael ‫أيضاـ وقف‬
68. What is Rassendyll's main fear as King? Why is he often worried?
He always fears that anyone in Strelsau can realise that he is not the real king. He is often worried
.about his safety and the safety of the real King
‫ الرئيسيـ كملك ؟ لماذا يشعر بالقلق في كثير من األحيان ؟‬Rassendyll ‫ ما هو خوف‬. 68
‫ وقال انه في الغالبـ يشعر بالقلق‬. ‫ يمكن أن يدرك أنه ليس الملكـ الحقيقي‬Strelsau ‫وقال انه يخشى دائما أن أي شخص في‬
. ‫بشأنـ سالمته وسالمة الملك الحقيقيـ‬
69. Why did Michael's men come to the lodge after midnight? What did Sapt and Rassendyll do
with them?
They came to bury Josef’s body and hide their evil work. Sapt and Rassendyll attacked them and
.killed two. Rassendyll was shot in the hand and his finger was injured

105
 ‫ معهم ؟‬Rassendyll ‫ و‬Sapt ‫ إلى البيتـ الصغيرـ بعد منتصف الليل ؟ ما الذي فعله‬Michael ‫ لماذا جاء رجال‬. 69
‫ في‬Rassendyll ‫ واصيب‬. ‫ هاجموهم وقتلوا اثنين‬Rassendyll ‫ و‬Sapt .‫ وإخفاء أعمالهم الشريرة‬Josef ‫جاءوا لدفن جثة‬
. ‫اليد و أصيب إصبعه‬
70. What did Sapt say to Freyler about the injury in the King's finger?
.He said the King caught his finger in a door
‫ عن الإصابة في إصبع الملكـ ؟‬Freyler ‫ لـ‬Sapt ‫ ماذا قال‬. 70
.‫قال اصيب إصبع الملك في الباب‬
71. What did Sapt make Freyler think the King was out doing? Why?
He made him think the King was out riding for fun like all young men do now and then. Sapt didn't
.want him to know anything because he found it was best not to trust people too much
‫ يعتقد ما كان يقوم به الملكـ ؟ لماذا؟‬Sapt Freyler ‫ ماذا جعل‬. 71
‫ له أن يعرف أي شيء‬Sapt ‫ لم يريد‬. ‫جعله يعتقد أن الملكـ كان يركب حصانه للمتعة مثلما يفعل كل الشباب بين الحينـ واآلخر‬
.‫ألنه وجد أنه من األفضل عدم الثقة الناسـ كثيرا‬
72. Why was it wise of Sapt to use a new servant that has never met the real King?
.Not to realise that Rassendyll was not the real King
‫ استخدام خادما جديدا لم يلتق بالملكـ الحقيقي من قبل ؟‬Sapt ‫ لماذا كان من حكمة‬. 72
. ‫ لم يكن الملكـ الحقيقي‬Rassendyll ‫لكي ال يدرك أن‬
73. At which point did Fritz mistake Rassendyll for the real King?
.This happened when Sapt and Rassendyll had just returned from Zenda
‫ الملكـ الحقيقيـ ؟‬Rassendyll ‫ باعتبار‬Fritz ‫ في اي موقف اخطأ‬. 73
. Zenda ‫ من‬Rassendyll ‫ و‬Sapt ‫حدث هذا عندما عاد‬
74. How did Rassendyll find the work of being a King and why?
.He found it hard because he had a lot of duties and responsibilities and he was not used to such hard work
‫ ولماذا؟‬، ‫ العمل كملك‬Rassendyll ‫ كيف وجد‬. 74
. ‫وجد ذلك صعا الن لديه الكثيرـ من الواجباتـ و المسؤوليات و انه غير معتاد علي مثل هذا العمل الصعبـ‬
75. What does Fritz mean by, "It's a stalemate."?
Michael can't kill the king because he knows that Rassendyll will stay King instead. He also can’t
accuse Rassendyll of anything because people will know that he has kidnapped the king. And they
.can’t accuse Michael in public without admitting that Rassendyll is not the real king
‫ " ؟‬. ‫ " انها حالة من الجمود‬، Fritz ‫ ماذا كان يعني‬. 75
‫ بأي شيء‬Rassendyll ‫ كما انه ال يمكن اتهام‬.‫ سيبقى الملكـ بدال منه‬Rassendyll ‫ ال يمكن قتل الملك ألنه يعلم أن‬Michael
‫ ليس‬Rassendyll ‫ في علناـ دون االعتراف بأن‬Michael ‫ و أنه ال يمكن أن يتهم‬.‫ألن الناسـ سوف تعرف أنه قد اختطف الملك‬
. ‫الملكـ الحقيقيـ‬
76. Who are the Six Men? Where are they from?
They are Michael's six special soldiers that he keeps in his house all the time. Three of them are from
Ruritania (Lauengram , Krafstein and Rupert) ; the other three are Detchard from England, De
.Gautet from France and Bersoni who is Belgian
‫من هم الستة رجال ؟ من أين هم ؟‬. 76
‫ و‬Lauengram ، Krafstein ( Ruritania ‫ ثالثة منهم من‬.‫ الذي يحتفظ بهم في منزله طوال الوقت‬Michael ‫هم ستة جنود خاصه لــ‬
. ‫ من بلجيكا‬Bersoni ‫ من فرنسا و‬De Gautet ، ‫ من إنجلترا‬Detchard ‫ و الثالثة اآلخرون هم‬،) Rupert
77. What did Sapt conclude when he knew that only half of the six men are in Strelsau with
Michael?
.The other three must be guarding the King, which means the King must be alive
‫ ؟‬Michael ‫ مع‬Strelsau ‫ حينما عرف أن نصف الستة رجال فقط في‬Sapt ‫ ماذا اـستنتج‬. 77
.‫ وهو ما يعني الملك على قيد الحياة‬، ‫الثالثةـ األخرون اكيد في حرسة الملكـ‬
78. What plans did Rassendyll decide to keep secret from Sapt and Fritz?
He planned to make himself as popular as he could and -1
.not to say anything bad about Michael-2
‫ ؟‬Fritz‫ و‬Sapt ‫ ان يحتفظ بسريتهاـ من‬Rassendyll ‫ ما الخطط التي قرر‬. 78
. Michael ‫ – اال يقول شيئ سيئ عن‬2 ‫ كان يخطط ان يجعل لنفسه شعبية بقدر المستطاع‬- 1
106
79. What did King Rassendyll want to do so as not to be a distant King? Why?
He wanted to be seen most in the old town where most of the poor people lived. If there was a fight,
.the poor people would support him
‫ حتى ال يكون ملك بعيد ؟ لماذا؟‬Rassendyll ‫ ماذا اراد ان يفعل‬. 79
. ‫ فإن الفقراء سوف يدعموه‬، ‫ إذا كان هناك قتال‬.‫انه يريد أن يتم رؤيته في البلدة القديمة حيث معظم الناس فقراء يعيشون فيها‬
80. What motive did Rassendyll have for visiting the Princess the first time?
.He wanted to get her support and the support of people who liked her
‫ لزيارة األميرة لأول مرة؟‬Rassendyll ‫ ماذا كان دافع‬. 80
. ‫انه يريد الحصول على دعمها ودعم الناس الذين يحبونها‬
81. What did Rassendyll do with the poor flower seller? Why?
.He bought flowers from her and paid with a gold coin. He wanted to be popular
‫ مع بائعة الزهور الصغيرة؟ لماذا؟‬Rassendyll ‫ ماذا كان موقف‬. 81
. ‫ انه اراد ان يكون ذو شعبيه‬. ‫انه اشترى منها زهور ودفع عملة ذهبية‬
82. What was Rassendyll careful to do and not to do when he first visited Flavia?
He was careful to get her trust, but not to say too much to her or she would realise he was not the
.real King
‫ لأول مرة ؟‬Flavia ‫ حريصاـ على ان يفعل و أال يفعل عندما زار‬Rassendyll ‫ ما كان‬. 82
. ‫ ولكن ليس أن يقول الكثيرـ لها واال انها سوف تدرك انه لم يكن الملك الحقيقي‬، ‫كان حريصاـ على الحصول على ثقتها‬
83. What did Rassendyll say about Michael that was strange to the princess?
He said he would like Michael to be near him because Michael was his half brother and they were
.family, and they needed to help and support each other
‫ و كان يبدو غريبا لألميرة ؟‬Michael ‫ عن‬Rassendyll ‫ ماذا الذي قاله‬. 83
.‫ تحتاج إلى مساعدة ودعم كل منهما اآلخر‬، ‫ كان أخوه الغير شقيق و انهم أسرة‬Michael ‫ ان يكون بالقرب منه ألن‬Michael ‫قال انه يود‬
84. How welcome was the Duke's visit to the Princess while Rassendyll was there?
It was not welcome. On seeing the Duke from the window, the Princess looked anxious and even her
.servants stood silently, with their heads bowed
‫ هناك؟‬Rassendyll ‫ لألميرة عندما كان‬Duke ‫ كيف كان الترحيب بزيارة‬. 84
. ‫ نظرت األميرة بضيق وصمت الخدم مع انحناءـ رؤوسهم‬،‫ من النافذة‬Duke ‫ عند رؤية‬.‫لم يكن موضع ترحيب‬
85. What mistake did Rassendyll make during his first visit to the Princess? How did he cover it
up?
He left the Duke waiting outside the room for long without asking him to come in. Rassendyll didn’t
know the rule that no one can enter without the King's permission. He covered it by saying that he
.always forgot the rules
‫ في زيارته األولى للأميرة ؟ كيف خرج من الموقف ؟‬Rassendyll ‫ ما الخطأ الذي ارتكبه‬. 85
‫ القاعدة التي ال يمكن ألحد‬Rassendyll ‫ منتظرا خارج الغرفة لفترة طويلة دون أن يطلبـ منه الدخول لم يعرف‬Duke ‫انه ترك‬
.‫ وغطي الموقف بالقول انه دائما ينسي القواعد‬.‫الدخول دون إذن من الملك‬
86. What did Rassendyll say warning Michael not to bite anymore?
.He said that this animal (Michael) will be knocked on his head if he tries to bite again
‫ اال يلغ بعد اآلن ؟‬Michael ‫ محذرا‬Rassendyll ‫ ماذا كان يقول‬. 86
.‫ ) سيتم ضربه علي رأسه إذا حاول العض مرة أخرى‬Michael ( ‫قال ان هذا الحيوان‬
87. How did Rassendyll know that the Six Men also knew his secret?
He knew because of the way Detchard smiled when he was presented to him and spoke to him with a
.pretend accent
‫ أن الستة رجال عرفوا أيضا سره ؟‬Rassendyll ‫ كيف عرف‬. 87
. ‫ عندما كان قدم اليه و تحدث معه بلهجه مختلقه‬Detchard ‫عرف بسبب الطريقة التي ابتسم بها‬
88. Why doesn’t Rassendyll like his life as a King?
.Because he has lots of responsibilities and he wasn’t used to such hard work
‫ حياته كملك ؟‬Rassendyll ‫ لماذا ال يحب‬. 88
. ‫ألن لديه الكثيرـ من المسؤولياتـ و أنه لم يتعود علي هذا العمل الشاق‬
107
89. How did Rassendyll succeed in pretending to be the King till the end?
He looked so much like the King and when he made a mistake, he quickly covered it up by pretending
.that he had forgotten the rules or people he had met
‫ ان ينجح في التظاهر بانه الملكـ حتى النهاية؟ـ‬Rassendyll ‫ كيف استطاع‬. 89
. ‫ سرعان ما غطي هذا الخطأ من خالل التظاهر بأنه نسي القواعد أو االشخاص الذين قابلهم‬،‫كان يشبه الملك كثيرا و عندما ارتكب خطأ‬
90. How did Sapt first know that the King was at the castle?
.Three of the Six Men were always at the castle and that the drawbridge was nearly always kept up
‫ أوال أن الملكـ كان في القلعة ؟‬Sapt ‫ كيف عرف‬. 90
.‫ثالثة من الستة رجال كانوا دائما في القلعة و التي كان الجسر بها تقريباـ مرفوع بصفه دائمة‬
91. How did Sapt have Rassendyll followed everywhere and why?
.He ordered six people to follow him in Strelsau to protect him from Michael's men
‫ ولماذا؟‬، ‫ في كل مكان‬Sapt Rassendyll ‫ كيف تابع‬. 91
. Michael ‫ لحمايته من رجال‬Strelsau ‫أمر ستة أشخاص في السير وراءه في‬
92. How did Rassendyll react when being followed by six people? What were Sapt’s fears?
He protested against it, saying that he didn't need such help and that he could look after himself. Sapt
was afraid that if Michael' men manage to kidnap or kill Rassendyll, they will make Michael King,
.and Rassendyll's game of pretending to be the King will be over
‫ ؟‬Sapt ‫ عندما علم انه متبوع (مراقب) بستة رجال؟ ما هي مخاوف‬Rassendyll ‫ ماذا كان رد فعل‬. 92
‫ إذا ان رجال‬Sapt ‫ وكان يخشى‬. ‫ وأنه يمكن أن يعتني بنفسه‬، ‫احتج ضد ذلك قائال إنه لم يكن في حاجة لمثل هذه المساعدة‬
.‫ و سوف تنتهي اللعبةـ‬، ‫ سيكون الملك‬Michael ‫ فإن‬، Rassendyll ‫ اذا خطفوا أو قتلوا‬Michael
93. What was in Antoinette's first letter to Rassendyll?
Antoinette wrote this letter at the orders of the Duke who was planning to kill Rassendyll. The letter
told Rassendyll to come to the summer house alone so that he would know something very important
about his life and that his life will be in danger if he doesn’t come. Rassendyll went and there he was
.attacked by three of Michael's Six Men who came to kill him, but he beat them and escaped death
‫ ؟‬Rassendyll ‫ األول لــ‬Antoinette ‫ ماذا كان في خطاب‬. 93
‫ أن‬Rassendyll ‫ واخبر الخطاب‬. Rassendyll ‫ الذي كان يخطط لقتل‬Duke ‫ هذه الرسالةـ بأوامر من الـــ‬Antoinette ‫كتب‬
‫ ذهب‬. ‫يأتي إلى البيتـ الصيفـي بمفرده لكي يعرف شيئ غايةـ في األهميه عن حياتهـ و بأن حياته ستكون في خطر إذا لم يأتي‬
. ‫ لكنه هزمهم و نجا من الموت‬، ‫ الستة الذي جاءوا لقتلهـ‬Michael ‫ و هناك هاجمه ثالثة من رجال‬Rassendyll
94. Why was Rassendyll determined to go to the summer house ? What about Sapt?
.He believed he would get useful information from Antoinette that would help rescue the King
.Sapt advised him not to go and offered to go instead
‫ ؟‬Sapt ‫ مصمم على الذهاب الى البيت الصيفـي؟ وماذا عن‬Rassendyll ‫ لماذا كان‬. 94
.‫ والتي من شأنها أن تساعد في إنقاذ الملك‬Antoinette ‫اعتقد انه سوف يحصل على معلومات مفيدة من‬
.‫ بعدم الذهاب و عرض عليـه الذهاب بدال منه‬Sapt ‫نصحه‬
95. What was Michael's plan for the two Kings that included Sapt and Fritz?
The plan was to kill Rassendyll and to take his body to the old town. The body would be found later
and Sapt and Fritz would be arrested for killing "The King" Rassendyll. The next step was to kill the
.real King and Michael would then become King
‫ ؟‬Fritz‫ و‬Sapt ‫ للملكين و التي شملت‬Michael ‫ ما كانت خطة‬. 95
Sapt ‫ وفيما بعد يمكن العثور علي الجثه وسوف يتم القبضـ علي‬. ‫ وأخذ جثته إلى البلدة القديمة‬Rassendyll ‫كانت الخطة قتل‬
. ‫ الملك‬Michael ‫ والخطوة التاليةـ هي قتل الملك الحقيقي و يصبح‬. Rassendyll "‫ لقتلهم "الملك‬Fritz‫و‬
96. Why did Antoinette tell Rassendyll about Michael's plan?
.Because she didn’t like to see people being killed
‫ ؟‬Michael ‫ بخطة‬Antoinette Rassendyll ‫ لماذا اخبرت‬. 96
. ‫ألنها لم تكن ترغبـ في رؤية الناس يقتلون‬
97. Why did Antoinette and Rassendyll have little time to talk in the summer house?
.Because Michael's men would come in 20 minutes to kill Rassendyll
‫ سوي القليلـ من الوقت للحديث في المنزل الصيفـي؟‬Rassendyll ‫ و‬Antoinette ‫ لماذا لم يكن لدي‬. 97

108
 . Rassendyll ‫ دقيقة لقتل‬20‫ سيأتون في خالل‬Michael ‫ألن رجال‬
98. What did Detchard offer Rassendyll? Why was this offer not accepted?
.He offered to give him 50.000 English pounds and a safe journey to the border
.Rassendyll refused as he knew they would kill him and kill the real King, too
‫ ؟ لماذا لم يقبل هذا العرض ؟‬Rassendyll ‫ علي‬Detcahrd ‫ ماذا عرض‬. 98
‫ النه كان يعلم أنهم سيقتلونهـ هو والملك‬Rassendyll ‫ رفض‬.‫ جنيه إنجليزي و رحلة آمنة إلى الحدود‬50.000 ‫عرض أن يعطيه‬
.‫ أيضا‬، ‫الملكـ الحقيقيـ‬
99. How did Rassendyll escape death at the summer house using the iron table?
When Detchard opened the door, the three men fired their guns at Rassendyll. He held the iron table
in front of him as a shield to protect himself against the bullets. He rushed out of the door and
knocked the three men down the steps outside. He quickly ran away, firing his gun behind him. He
.also used the ladder that was against the wall of the garden
‫ من الموت في المنزل الصيفـي باستخدام الترابيزه الحديد ؟‬Rassendyll ‫ كيف فر‬. 99
‫ اندفع خارجاـ من الباب‬.‫ وامسك بالترابيزه الحديد أمامه كدرع لحماية نفسه ضد الرصاص‬Rassendyll ‫ اطلق الرجال الثالثة النار علي‬، ‫ الباب‬Detchard ‫عندما فتح‬
.‫ كما استعمل السلم الذي كان علي جدار الحديقة‬.‫ مطلقا النار خلفه‬، ‫ وسرعان ما هرب‬.‫ملقيا الرجال الثالثة أسفل الساللم بالخارج‬
100. Why did Detchard have a bandage on his arm?
.He was shot in the arm by Rassendyll in the fight at the summer house
‫ ؟‬Detchard ‫ لماذا كان هناك رباط حول ذراع‬. 100
. ‫ في المشاجرة التي كانت في المنزل الصيفـي‬Rassendyll ‫اطلق النار علي ذراعه بواسطة‬
101. What did Sapt advise Rassendyll to do at the ball? What was Rassendyll's reaction?
He wanted Rassendyll to ask the Princess to marry him so that people would be happy and support
.him more
.Rassendyll said he couldn't do that as it wouldn’t be fair for her
‫ ؟‬Rassendyll ‫ في حفلة الرقص ؟ ما كان رد فعل‬Sapt Rassendyll ‫ ماذا نصح‬. 101
‫ انه‬Rassendyll ‫ وقال‬.‫ أن يطلب من األميرة ان تتزوجه لكي يكون الناس سعداء ويدعمونه أكثر‬Rassendyll ‫ من‬Sapt ‫أراد‬
.‫ال يستطيع فعل ذلك ألنه لن يكون ذلك عادل بالنسبةـ لها‬
102. What mistake did Rassendyll make at the ball? Why was it a serious mistake?
He said that when he was younger, he didn't think he had any responsibilities to society as he thought
that was someone else’s job. This was a serious mistake by Rassendyll because he nearly uncovered
.the truth about who he was
‫ في حفلة الرقص؟ لماذا كان ذلك خطأ فادحا ؟‬Rassendyll ‫ ما الخطأ الذي ارتكبه‬. 102
‫ كان‬.‫ كان يعتقد ان ليس لديه أي مسؤوليات تجاه المجتمع كما انه يعتقد ان هذا العمل لشخص آخر‬، ‫قال انه عندما كان أصغر سنا‬
.‫ ألنه كاد ان يكشف الحقيقة حول من كان‬Rassendyll ‫هذا خطأ فادحا من قبل‬
103. What did Rassendyll decide to tell the Princess at the ball? What stopped him?
He decided to tell her who he really was, but Sapt’s face suddenly appeared at the French window.
From Spat’s eyes, Rassendyll understood that he was angry and that he came to stop what was going
.to happen
‫ ان يقول لالميرة في حفلة الرقص ؟ ما الذي منعه ؟‬Rassendyll ‫ ماذا قرر‬. 103
‫ انه كان‬Rassendyll ‫ فهم‬، Sapt ‫ ومن أعين‬.‫ ظهر فجأة في البابـ الزجاجيـ‬Sapt ‫ ولكن وجه‬،‫قرر أن يقول لها من هو حقا‬
.‫غاضبا و انه جاء لوقف ما سيحدث‬
104. Why was Sapt right to stop Rassendyll telling the Princess who he was?
.Because he acted well as a king, he could not tell anyone who he really was or they would think he was mad
‫ ان يقول لالميرة من هو ؟‬Rassendyll ‫ على حق لوقف‬Sapt ‫ لماذا كان‬. 104
.‫ وال يمكن أن يقول لأي شخص من هو حقا واال سيعتقدون انه مجنونا‬، ‫ألنه تصرف جيدا كملك‬
105. What if Rassendyll were a wicked opportunist or a power-seeking person?
.He would kill the real king and Michael. So he would remain the king
‫ شخص انتهازي شرير أو شخص يسعي للسلطة؟‬Rassendyll ‫ ماذا لو كان‬. 105
.‫ ولذلك سيبقى الملك‬. Michael ‫كان يقتل الملكـ الحقيقيـ و يقتل‬
106. How many letters did the princess receive the day after the ball? What did each letter say?

109
 Two letters. One was an invitation from Michael for her to visit him in Zenda. The other was from
Antoinette and it was a warning not to accept any invitations from Michael and not to go anywhere
.without guards
‫ كم خطاب تسلمتهم األميرة اليوم التاليـ لحفلة الرقص ؟ ما محتوي كل خطابـ؟‬. 106
‫ وكان تحذيرا بعدم قبول أي‬Antoinette ‫ اآلخر كان من‬. Zenda ‫ لها بزيارتهـ في‬Michael ‫ واحدا كان دعوة من‬. ‫خطابينـ‬
. ‫ وعدم الذهاب إلى أي مكان دون حراس‬Michael ‫دعوات من‬
107. What did Rassendyll do when he read Antoinette's letter to the Princess?
He told the Princess not to accept Michael's invitation and ordered the Marshal to guard her to be
.safe from Michael and his men
‫ إلى األميرة ؟‬Antoinette ‫ عندما قرأ رسالة‬Rassendyll ‫ ماذا فعل‬. 107
.‫ ورجاله‬Michael ‫ ان يحرسها لتكون في مأمن من‬Marshal ‫ وأمر‬Michael ‫اخبر األميرة بعدم قبول دعوة‬
108. What orders did Rassendyll give to the Marshal before going to Zenda?
.He told him to guard the Princess -1
.If he didn’t receive a message from the King for three days, he would say that he was the head of Strelsau -2
If Michael didn’t allow him to see the King in twenty four hours, he would say the King was dead -3
and tell the people that their new ruler would be Princess Flavia. Rassendyll wrote down what he had
.said
‫ ؟‬Zenda ‫ قبل الذهاب إلى‬Marshal ‫ للـــ‬Rassendyll ‫ ما االوامر التي اعطاهاـ‬. 108
. ‫ – ان يحرس األميرة‬1
. Strelsau ‫ يعلن بأنه رئيس‬، ‫ لو لم يتلق رسالةـ من الملك لمدة ثالثة أيام‬2
‫ يعلن وفاة الملكـ ويخبر الناسـ أن الحاكم الجديد سيكون‬، ‫ له برؤية الملك في أربع وعشرين ساعة‬Michael ‫ إذا لم يسمح‬- 3
. ‫ ما قاله‬Rassendyll ‫ وكتب‬. Flavia ‫األميرة‬
109. When he saw the King's writing, what did the Marshal understand?
.He understood that the writing was different because the King's finger was injured
.This wasn’t true because Rassendyll was not the real King
‫؟‬Marshal ‫ ماذا فهم الــ‬،‫ عندما راي كتابة (خط ) المللكـ‬. 109
. ‫ لم يكن الملك الحقيقي‬Rassendyll ‫ هذا لم يكن صحيحاـ ألن‬.‫فهم أن الكتابة كانت مختلفة ألن إصبع الملكـ أصيب‬
110. How was Flavia an essential part of Michael's plan for the crown?
.He planned to marry her to become legally King because his mother was not royal
‫ للعرش ؟‬Michael ‫ جزءا أساسيا من خطة‬Flavia ‫ كيف كانت‬. 110
.‫انه خطط الزواج منها ليصبح الملك الشرعي ألن أمه لم تكن ملكيه‬
111. What did Rassendyll tell the Princess when he was leaving Strelsau?
.He told her he was going to hunt a very big animal, Michael
‫ ؟‬Strelsau ‫ لالميرة عندما غادر‬Rassendyll ‫ ماذا قال‬. 111
. Michael ،‫قال لها انه ذاهب الصطياد حيوان كبيرة جدا‬
112. Give one example to show that Princess Flavia is a really reliable woman.
Before leaving Strelsau to hunt Michael, Rassendyll told her she must become Queen if he doesn’t
.return. She bravely agreed for her country
.‫ امرأة موثوق بها حقا‬Flavia ‫ أعط مثاال واحدا الظهار ان االميرة‬.112
.‫ و وافقت بشجاعة من اجل بلدها‬.‫ وقال لها انها يجب أن تصبح ملكة إذا لم يعود‬، Michael ‫ الصطياد‬Strelsau ‫قبل أن يغادر‬
113. Where did Rassendyll and his men stay for their hunting trip?
.They stayed in a country house called Tarlenheim. It belonged to a relative of Fritz
‫ ورجاله من اجل رحلة الصيد ؟‬Rassendyll ‫ اين مكث‬. 113
. Fritz ‫ كان ينتمي إلى أحد أقارب‬. Tarlenheim ‫مكثوا في منزل ريفي يسمي‬
114. Rassendyll's ten gentlemen were told a fabricated story. Explain.
Before going to Zenda, they were told that Michael tried to kill the King and that a good friend of the
.King's was held prisoner in the castle. So, they knew it was their job to set him free
. ‫ اشرح‬.‫ العشرة قصة ملفقة‬Rassendyll ‫ تم اخبارـ رجال‬. 114
‫ كانوا‬، ‫ لذلك‬. ‫ـ و تم اعتقال صديق جيد للملكـ في القلعة‬،‫ حاول قتل الملك‬Michael ‫ قيل لهم أن‬، Zenda ‫قبل الذهاب إلى‬
.‫يعرفون أن مهمتهم كانت الطالق سراحه‬
110
115. At Tarlenheim Michael sent his men with an "I’m sorry message". Explain.
An hour after Rassendyll and his men arrived there, Michael sent three of the Six men mainly to find out about
Rassendyll's plan, but to justify their visit, Rupert said the Duke was sorry for not inviting " the King“ to stay
.in his mansion because he and some of his servants had a serious illness
. ‫ اشرح‬. " ‫ رجاله برسالة "أنا آسف‬Michael ‫ أرسل‬Tarlenheim ‫ في‬. 115
‫ قال‬، ‫ ولكن‬،‫ في المقام االول‬Rassendyll ‫ ثالثة من الستة رجال لمعرفة خطة‬Michael ‫ أرسل‬،‫ ورجاله هناك‬Rassendyll ‫بعد ساعة من وصول‬
.‫ آسف لعدم دعوة " الملك" للبقاء في قصره وقال انه و بعض خدامه مرضي بمرض خطير‬Duke ‫ لتبرير زيارتهم ان‬Rupert
116. Why did Rassendyll and Fritz go to the inn? How useful was it later?
They went to meet Johann or someone who could contact him. There, they talked to the innkeeper’s
daughter and asked her to bring Johann to Tarlenheim to meet the King, and this the girl did. At
Tarlenheim, Johann told Rassendyll where the King was being kept in the castle and told them
.Michael's plan
‫ الي الحانه ؟ كيف كان ذلك مفيدا في وقت الحق ؟‬Fritz‫ و‬Rassendyll ‫ لماذا ذهب‬. 116
‫ و‬، ‫ لمقابلة الملك‬Tarlenheim ‫ لــــ‬Johann ‫ تحدثوا إلى ابنة صاحبة الحانة و طلبوا منها أن تحضر‬،‫ هناك‬. ‫ أو أي شخص يمكن االتصال به‬Johann ‫ذهبوا لمقابلة‬
. Michael ‫ وقال لهم خطة‬، ‫ ان الملك في القلعة‬Tarlenheim ‫ في‬Johann Rassendyll ‫هذا ما فعلته الفتاة واخبر‬
117. Why was the innkeeper's daughter careful to take Johann to Tarlenheim?
She wanted to please "the King", hoping that he would forgive them for anything bad they said when
.he first came to the inn
‫ ؟‬Tarlenheim ‫ لـــ‬Johann ‫ لماذا كانت ابنة صاحبة الحانة حريصة الخذ‬. 117
.‫ على أمل انه سوف يغفر لهم أي شيء سيئ قالوه عندما جاء أول مره للحانهـ‬، "‫أرادت إرضاءـ " الملك‬
118. What happened to Bernenstein? Why did this worry Sapt?
He was shot in the arm while he was out alone in the woods. Sapt was worried because the next
.bullet could be for Rassendyll, for the game to be over
‫ ؟‬Sapt ‫ ؟ لماذا اقلق هذا‬Bernenstein ‫ ما حدث لــ‬. 118
، Rassendyll ‫ قلقا ألن الرصاصةـ القادمة يمكن أن تكون ل‬Sapt ‫ كان‬. ‫اطلق عليه النارـ في ذراعه أثناء وجوده وحده في الغابة‬
. ‫وتنتهي اللعبه‬
119. What message did Rupert have the second time he visited Tarlenheim?
The Duke offered Rassendyll a safe journey to the border and a million gold pieces, but Rassendyll
.refused
‫ للمرة الثانية ؟‬Tarlenheim ‫ عندما زار‬Rupert ‫ ما هي الرسالة التي لدي‬. 119
.‫ لكنه رفض‬، ‫ رحلة آمنة إلى الحدود ومليون قطعة ذهبية‬Rassendyll ‫ علي‬Duke ‫عرض‬
120. How was Rassendyll nearly killed at Tarlenheim? Why was he angry with himself?
As Rupert was leaving, he stabbed Rassendyll in the shoulder with a knife. Rassendyll was angry at
.letting himself fall for such a trick
‫ ؟ لماذا كان غاضباـ من نفسه ؟‬Tarlenheim ‫ تقريبا في‬Rassendyll ‫ كيف تم قتل‬. 120
‫ غاضبا في السماح لنفسه كيف يسقط في‬Rassendyll ‫ كان‬.‫ في الكتف بسكين‬Rassendyll ‫ قام بطعن‬، Rupert ‫حينما غادر‬
.‫مثل هذه الخدعة‬
121. What does Rupert mean by “He’s still alive”? How did Rassendyll react to this?
He means the King hasn’t been killed yet. Rassendyll ordered Rupert to go out of the house before he
.killed him
‫ على هذا ؟‬Rassendyll ‫ بــ "انه ال يزال على قيد الحياة " ؟ ماذا كان رد فعل‬Rupert ‫ ماذا يعني‬. 121
. ‫ الخروج من المنزل قبل ان يقتله‬Rassendyll Rupert ‫ أمر‬.‫يعني ان الملكـ لم يقتل حتى اآلن‬
122. Why is Johann so happy and so willing to help Rassendyll and his men?
He knows he will be in trouble if Michael's plan is successful because he knows too much. Johann is
also a weak man but not a wicked one and he works for the Duke because he is afraid of him not
.because he likes him
‫ ورجاله ؟‬Rassendyll ‫ سعيد جدا و على استعداد تام لمساعدة‬Johann ‫ لماذا كان‬. 122
‫ أيضاـ رجل ضعيف ولكن ليس‬Johann .‫ ألنه يعرف أكثر من الالزم‬Michael ‫ألنه يعلم انه سيكون في ورطة إذا نجحت خطة‬
.‫ ألنه يخاف منه وليس ألنه يحبه‬Duke ‫شرير وانه يعمل لدي‬
123. What is the King's prison in the castle like?

111
 The prison is two rooms cut into the rock under the ground. The first room has no windows and it is
always guarded by three of the Six Men. The King is kept in chains in the next room which has a
.window with a large pipe leading down to the moat
‫ صف سجن الملكـ في القلعة ؟‬. 123
‫ يتم‬. ‫ الغرفة األولى ال يوجد بها نوافذ و تخضع لحراسة دائما من قبل ثالثة من الستة رجال‬.‫السجن عبارة عن غرفتين منحوته في الصخور تحت األرض‬
.‫االحتفاظ بالملك مكبال بالسالسل في الغرفة المجاورة التي بها نافذة متصل بها انبوب كبير متجه السفل الي الخندق المائي‬
124. What is Michael's plan if the castle is attacked?
They will kill the King and put the body into the pipe to go down into the moat, where the chains will
.keep it under the water. The guards will then escape through the same pipe
If the castle was attacked by many people, the same plan would be carried out but one of the six men
.would replace the king because he was rude to Antoinette
‫ اذا تعرضت القلعة للهجوم ؟‬Michael ‫ ما هي خطة‬. 124
.‫ حيث ان السالسل سوف تبقي الجثه تحت الماء‬، ‫ و يتم وضع الجسم فى األنبوب للذهابـ به إلى أسفل الخندق‬،‫سوف يقتل الملك‬
.‫وسيهرب الحراس من خالل نفس األنبوب‬
125. Why does Sapt think Rassendyll will still be King after a year?
Because Michael's plan is very clever and he will kill the King whether the castle is attacked by a
.small group or a large one
‫ ال يزال الملك بعد سنة ؟‬Rassendyll ‫ ان‬Sapt ‫ لماذا يعتقد‬. 125
.‫ ذكييه جدا وانه سوف يقتل الملك ما إذا هوجمت القلعة من قبل مجموعة صغيرة أو كبيرة‬Michael ‫ألن خطة‬
126. What if the King was killed without Michael being found guilty of it?
Without proving that Michael was the killer, he would stay in his castle, waiting for the opportunity
.to kill Rassendyll and take his place
‫ في ذلك؟‬Michael ‫ ماذا لو قتل الملكـ دون ادانة‬. 126
.‫ و يحل محله‬Rassendyll ‫ في انتظار الفرصة لقتل‬، ‫ سوف يبقي في قصره‬، ‫ هو القاتلـ‬Michael ‫دون أن اثبات أن‬
127. What did Rassendyll think they need for the King to come out of Zenda alive?
.He thought they needed a miracle or someone betrayed the Duke
‫ ؟‬Zenda ‫ أنهم في حاجة اليه لخروج الملك حي من‬Rassendyll ‫ ما الشيئ الذي اعتقد‬.127
.Duke ‫كان يعتقد أنهم في حاجة إلى معجزة أو شخص ما يخون‬
128. Why did Rassendyll send Johann back to the castle?
.To work as a perfect spy for them and tell them important information
.‫لكي يعمل كجاسوس ويخبرهم بالمعلوماتـ الهامة‬ ‫ عائدا للقلعة ؟‬Rassendyll Johann ‫ لماذا ارسل‬. 128
129. Why did Princess Flavia come to Tarlenheim?
.She came to see the King because she heard he was badly injured
. ‫ ؟ جاءت لرؤية الملكـ ألنها سمعت انه أصيب بجروح بالغة‬Tarlenheim ‫ الي‬Flavia ‫ لماذا جاءت األميرة‬. 129
130. Why can the war at Zenda be the strangest in the history of any country?
.Michael wants to kill his brother (the real king) while a stranger (a pretend king) is trying to rescue him
‫ هي الأغرب في تاريخ أي بلد ؟‬Zenda ‫ لماذا كانت الحرب في‬. 130
.‫ في حين ان هناك شخص غريبـ ( الملك المتظاهر ) يحاول انقاذه‬،) ‫ يريد أن يقتل أخيه ( الملك الحقيقيـ‬Michael
131. How did Rassendyll climb down into the moat around the castle?
.He climbed down using the rope that Sapt had tied to a tree
‫ إلى الخندق حول القلعة ؟‬Rassendyll ‫ كيف نزل‬. 131
. ‫ في الشجرة‬Sapt ‫كان ينزل لأسفل باستخدام الحبل الذي ربطه‬
132. How was Max Holf killed? Why did Rassendyll kill him?
Rassendyll stabbed him to death while he was asleep in the boat because it was war and everything is
.legal at war
‫ ؟‬Rassendyll ‫ ؟ لماذا قتله‬Max Holf ‫ كيف قتل‬. 132
. ‫ طعنه حتى الموت بينما كان نائما في القاربـ ألنها كانتـ حرب و كل شيء مشروع في الحرب‬Rassendyll
133. What did Rassendyll do with Max's body?
.He tied the rope around it and Sapt pulled it up
112
 .Sapt ‫ربط حبل حوله وسحبه‬ ‫ ؟‬Max ‫ بجثة‬Rassendyll ‫ ماذا فعل مع‬. 133
134. What were Rassendyll’s and Michael’s losses the night Rassendyll and his men went to see
the castle?
.Three of Rassendyll’s men were killed in the fight in the woods
Two of the Six Men got killed in the fight in the woods, Lauengram and Krafstein. Max was also
.killed in the moat by Rassendyll
‫ ورجاله لرؤية القلعة ؟‬Rassendyll ‫ عندما ذهب‬Michael ‫ و‬Rassendyll ‫ ماذا كانت خسائر كال من‬. 134
. ‫ في الحربـ الدائرة في الغابةـ‬Rassendyll ‫قتل ثالثة من رجال‬
Rassendyll ‫ أيضا في الخندق بواسطة‬Max ‫ قتل‬. Krafstein ‫و‬Lauengram ‫اثنينـ من الستة رجال قتلوا‬
135. How did Rupert survive death at the end of the fight in the woods?
.He waved his sword at Rassendyll; he cut Rassendyll's stick in half and disappeared at once
‫ من الموت في نهاية الحربـ في الغابةـ ؟‬Rupert ‫ كيف نجا‬. 135
.‫ ؛ و قطع عصاه لنصفين واختفي في الحال‬Rassendyll ‫لوح بسيفه في وجه‬
136. Why did the Chief of Police go on a visit to Tarlenheim?
.To investigate about a missing Englishman called Rassendyll, who had disappeared near Zenda
‫ ؟‬Tarlenheim ‫ لماذا ذهب رئيس الشرطة في زيارة ل‬. 136
. Zenda ‫ واختفي بالـقرب من‬Rassendyll ‫للتحقيق حول شخص انجليزيـ مفقود يدعي‬
137. Why were Rassendyll’s bags found in a train station near Zenda?
Rassendyll had sent his bags ahead to the station on the morning of the day he met the King in the
.woods. He never went to the station to get them because he was pretending to be the King
‫ ؟‬Zenda ‫ في محطة القطار بالقربـ من‬Rassendyll ‫ لماذا وجدت حقائبـ‬. 137
‫ و لم يتوجه الى المحطة للحصول عليها‬. ‫ أرسل حقائبهـ إلى المحطة صباح اليوم الذي التقى فيه بالملك في الغابة‬Rassendyll
. ‫ألنه تظاهر بأنه ملك‬
138. How was Hentzau ready to betray Michael even before he finally killed him?
He offered to help Rassendyll attack the castle, but Sapt, Fritz, Michael, and the King must all die
.then Rassendyll could stay as King and Rupert would be given a reward
‫ حتى قبل ان يقتله في نهاية المطاف ؟‬Michael ‫ علي استعداد لخيانةـ‬Hentzau ‫ كيف كان‬. 138
‫ والملك ثم يظل‬، Sapt ، Fritz ، Michael ‫ ولكن يجب ان يموت الجميع‬، ‫ بمهاجمة القلعة‬Rassendyll ‫قدم المساعدة لـــ‬
.‫ مكافأة‬Rupert ‫ الملك و يمنح‬Rassendyll
139. Why was there an obligatory rest from fighting for the day after the woods fight?
.The Chief of Police was in town and they were careful not to let him know what was happening
‫ لماذا كان هناك استراحه اجبارية من القتال في اليوم التالي للقتالـ في الغابةـ ؟‬. 139
.‫كان رئيس الشرطة في المدينة وكانوا حريصون على عدم السماح له بمعرفة ما كان يحدث‬
140. Why did Rupert hate Michael?
Michael was not a good man and that Michael always made him angry. He also said he nearly killed
.Michael himself last night
‫ ؟‬Rupert Michael ‫ لماذا يكره‬. 140
. ‫ نفسه الليلة الماضية‬Michael ‫ وقال ايضاـ انه تقريباـ قتل‬. ‫ رجل طيب و كان دائما له مغضبا‬Michael ‫لم يكن‬
141. How did Michael trick his guest Antoinette? Why did he do this?
He invited her to his castle and kept her prisoner in his mansion because he discovered that she
.helped Rassendyll in the summer house
‫ ؟ لماذا فعل هذا؟‬Antoinette ‫ ضيفته‬Michael ‫ كيف خدع‬. 141
.‫ في المنزل الصيفي‬Rassendyll ‫دعاها إلى قصره وأبقاها سجينه في قصره ألنه اكتشف أنها ساعدت‬
142. How was Antoinette another responsibility added to Rassendyll's?
.She was held prisoner and asked Rassendyll to rescue her
‫ ؟‬Rassendyll ‫ مسؤولية أخرى تضاف إلى‬Antoinette ‫ كيف كانت‬. 142
. ‫ ان ينقذها‬Rassendyll ‫انها مسجونه وطلبت من‬
143. What happy news did the people in Strelsau receive from Tarlenheim?

113
 .The King and Flavia had arranged a date for their wedding
‫ ؟‬Tarlenheim ‫ من‬Strelsau ‫ ما األخبار السعيدة التي تلقاهاـ الناسـ في‬. 143
. ‫ اعدوا موعد لزفافهما‬Flavia ‫الملكـ و‬
144. Why didn‘t Michael let the King's doctor leave from the castle?
.Because the doctor would tell people that the King was a prisoner
‫ طبيب الملكـ ان يرحل من القلعة ؟‬Michael ‫ لماذا لم يدع‬. 144
. ‫ألن الطبيب سيقول للناس أن الملك كان سجينا‬
145. Why did Rassendyll offer to give Johann 50.000 pieces of gold?
.He wanted Johann to open the door to the mansion at 2 o’clock in the morning
‫ قطعة من الذهب؟‬Johann 50.000 ‫ علي‬Rassendyll ‫ لماذا عرض‬. 145
.‫ صباحا‬2:00‫ ان يفتح بابـ القصر في تمام الساعهـ‬Johann ‫أراد‬
146. What was Rassendyll's plan to rescue the King ?
The plan was that at two o'clock in the morning, Antoinette was to cry out for help and Johann was to
open the door to the mansion for Sapt and his men to enter and tie up the servants who didn't want to
help the King. They would then catch the Duke, who would be busy with Antoinette and move quickly
.to save the King
‫ انقاذ الملك؟‬Rassendyll ‫ ماذا كانت خطة‬. 146
‫ ورجاله للدخول و ربط الخدم‬Sapt ‫ باب القصر لــ‬Johann ‫ طلبا للمساعدة و يفتح‬Antoinette ‫ تصرخ‬، ‫ في الصباح‬2:00 ‫كانت الخطة أنه الساعة‬
.‫ و التحرك بسرعة إلنقاذ الملك‬Antoinette ‫ الذي سيكون مشغوال مع‬،Duke ‫ وعندئذ يتم القبض على‬.‫الذين ال يريدون لمساعدة الملك‬
147. What was to be done with Tarlenheim the night the castle was attacked?
.The house was to be filled with light and music for people to believe the King was having a ball
‫ ليلةـ الهجوم علي القلعة ؟‬Tarlenheim ‫ ماذا كان ينبغي القيامـ به في منزل‬. 147
.‫كان من المفترضـ ان يمأل المنزل بالضوء والموسيقى ليعتقد الناسـ بأن الملك موجود في حفلة الرقص‬
148. Why did Antoinette call for help an hour earlier?
.Because she was attacked by Rupert, who wanted to punish her for writing to Rassendyll
‫ المساعدة ساعة في وقت سابق عن الموعد؟‬Antoinette ‫ لماذا طلبت‬. 148
. Rassendyll ‫ الذي أراد أن معاقبتها على كتابة الخطاباتـ لــ‬،Rupert ‫ألنها هوجمت من قبل‬
149. What fight was it that took place in Antoinette's room in the mansion?
It was a sword fight between Rupert and Michael. Michael wanted to punish Rupert for attacking
Antoinette at night, but Rupert struck him dead with his sword. Also he struck Johann with his sword
.because he knew Johann was a spy to Rassendyll
‫ في القصرـ ؟‬Antoinette ‫ ما هي المعركه التي وقعت في غرفة‬. 149
‫ ولكن ضربه‬، ‫ في الليل‬Antoinette ‫ لمهاجمة‬Rupert ‫ يريد معاقبة‬Michael . Michael ‫ و‬Rupert ‫كان معركة سيوف بين‬
. Rassendyll ‫ كان جاسوسا لــ‬Johann ‫ بسيفه ألنه كان يعرف ان‬Johann ‫ كما أنه ضرب‬. ‫ وقتله بسيفه‬Rupert
150. How did Rupert escape from the mansion? Why did he escape?
He jumped out of the window into the moat after he killed Michael lest he be caught and killed by
.Michael's men
‫ من القصر ؟ لماذا هرب ؟‬Rupert ‫ كيف هرب‬. 150
. Michael ‫ لئال يتم القبض عليه و يقتل على يد احد رجال‬Michael ‫قفز من النافذة الي الخندق بعدما قتل‬
151. How did the fight in the mansion greatly help Rassendyll to rescue the King?
De Gautet came out of the castle . Rassendyll killed him with his sword and got the keys to the King's
prison. Then he killed Bersonin in the first room, then fought and killed Detchard in the second room
.and rescued the King
‫ النقاذ الملك ؟‬Rassendyll ‫ كيف ساعدت المعركة في القصرـ كثيرا‬. 151
‫ في الغرفة األولى‬Bersonin ‫ ثم قتل‬.‫ بسيفه وحصل على مفاتيح سجن الملك‬Rassendyll ‫ من القلعة وقتله‬De Gautet ‫خرج‬
.‫ في الغرفة الثانيةـ وأنقذ الملك‬Detchard ‫ ثم قتل‬،
152. Why couldn’t Detchard kill the king?
The doctor held him for a while but the doctor was too weak to hold Detchard for long, so Detchard
.broke free and killed him before Rassendyll could help him
‫ الملك؟ـ‬Detchard ‫ لماذا لم يقتل‬. 152
114
 ‫ و‬Detchard ‫ وتحرر‬، ‫ لفترة طويلة‬Detchard ‫احتجزته الطبيبـ لفترة من الوقت ولكن كان الطبيب ضعيفا جدا لالمساك بــ‬
.Rassendyll ‫قتله قبل ان يساعده‬
153. How was Rassendyll nearly killed in the castle? Who helped him and how?
Detchard cut him on the arm with his sword, but the King helped Rassendyll by pushing a chair into
Detchard as he was fighting. This made Detchard lose balance and fall over the doctor’s body. Here,
.it was easy for Rassendyll to kill him
‫ تقريباـ في القلعة ؟ من الذي ساعده وكيف؟‬Rassendyll ‫ كيف كاد ان يقتل‬. 153
‫ مما جعل‬.Detchard ‫ عن طريق دفع الكرسي تجاه جسم‬Rassendyll ‫ ولكن الملك ساعد‬، ‫ له ذراعه بسيفه‬Detchard ‫جرح‬
.‫ ان يقتله‬Rassendyll ‫ يفقد التوازنـ و يسقط علي جثة الدكتور ومن ثم كان من السهل لـــ‬Detchard
154. Why was the King unable to fight Detchard directly? How did the King get wounded?
The King was in chains and was weak from illness. As the King was pushing a chair into his body,
.Detchard struck him hard with his sword
‫ مباشرة ؟ كيف اصيب الملك ؟‬Detchard ‫ لماذا كان الملكـ غير قادر على محاربة‬. 154
. ‫ بقوة بسيفه‬Detchard ‫ ضربه‬، ‫ حينما دفع الملكـ الكرسي في جسده‬.‫كان الملكـ في السالسل و كان ضعيفا من المرض‬
155. Why did Rupert jump into the moat from the drawbridge?
He was afraid lest he might be shot dead by Antoinette, who was pointing a gun at him. Rupert used
.Rassendyll's rope that to climb up the hill and escape before Rassendyll could catch him
‫ في الخندق من فوق الجسر ؟‬Rupert ‫ لماذا قفز‬. 155
. ‫ التي كانت موجهه مسدسا في وجهه‬، Antoinette ‫انه كان خائفاـ لئال يصابـ برصاصـ‬
. Rassendyll ‫ للتسلق أعلى التل والهروب قبل ان يقبض عليه‬Rassendyll ‫ حبل‬Rupert ‫استخدم‬
156. What did Sapt's men think happened to the King and to the prisoner?
Sapt's men and the servants thought the King was wounded in the fight to rescue the prisoner and
.that the prisoner went after Rupert
‫ ان يحدث للملكـ و إلى السجين ؟‬Sapt ‫ ماذا اعتقد رجال‬. 156
. Rupert ‫ و الخدم ان الملكـ أصيبـ في المعركة من أجل إنقاذ األسير و هذا السجينـ ذهب وراء‬Sapt ‫يعتقد رجال‬
157. Why was the king carried from his prison to the mansion with his face covered?
.Sapt didn't want his men or the servants to see who the prisoner was
‫ لماذا تم نقل الملكـ من سجنه إلى القصرـ بوجهه مغطى ؟‬. 157
.‫ ان يعرف رجاله أو الخدم لمعرفة من الذي كان مسجون‬Sapt ‫لم يريد‬
158. What was the news that spread to Strelsau when the King was rescued?
The people heard that the brave King fought with his brother because he had kept a prisoner in
Zenda who was a friend of the King. The Duke had tried to kill the King, who was injured, but the evil
.Duke had died
‫ عندما تم انقاذ الملك؟ـ‬Strelsau ‫ ما األخبار التي انتشرتـ ل‬. 158
‫ الذي‬،‫ حاول قتل الملك‬Duke ‫ وكان‬Zenda ‫سمع الناس أن الملك الشجاع حارب شقيقه ألنه أبقى صديقا للملك مسجون في‬
. ‫ ولكنه مات هذا الشرير‬، ‫أصيبـ بجروح‬
159. How was Rassendyll able to catch up with Rupert in the forest?
The boy whose horse Rupert had taken was crying and Rupert was trying to get him quiet by giving
.him some money, and this gave Rassendyll time to catch up with him
‫ في الغابةـ ؟‬Rupert ‫ قادرا على اللحاق بــ‬Rassendyll ‫ كيف كان‬. 159
‫ و هذا أعطى الوقت لــ‬،‫ يحاول تهدئته بإعطائه بعض المال‬Rupert ‫ حصانـه كان يبكي و كان‬Rupert ‫الصبيـ الذي اخذ‬
.‫ للحاق به‬Rassendyll
160. How was Fritz's sudden appearance in the forest a rescue to Rassendyll?
Fighting Rupert in the forest, Rassendyll managed to cut his cheek, but Rupert rode at him with his
sword held high and was about to kill him. Here, fritz arrived with a gun. On seeing Fritz, Rupert
.stopped fighting and rode away, realising that he couldn't fight them both
‫ ؟‬Rassendyll ‫ المفاجئـ في الغابـه بمثابةـ اإلنقاذ لـــ‬Fritz ‫ كيف كان ظهور‬. 160
‫ حصانه متجها في وجهه مع شن‬Rupert ‫ ولكن ركب‬، ‫ من جرح خده‬Rassendyll ‫ تمكن‬، ‫ في الغابة‬Rupert ‫عند محاربة‬
، ‫ عن القتالـ وركب بعيدا‬Rupert ‫ توقف‬، Fritz ‫ وعند رؤية‬. ‫ بمسدس‬Fritz ‫ وصل‬، ‫ هنا‬.‫سيفه عاليـا وكان على وشك قتله‬
. ‫مدركا أنه ال يمكن محاربة االثنينـ معا‬
115
161. How did Rassendyll think Rupert misunderstood him?
.He didn't understand that Rassendyll was pretending to be the King for the good Ruritania
‫ اساء فهمه ؟‬Rupert ‫ ان‬Rassendyll ‫ كيف اعتقد‬. 161
.Ruritania ‫ كان يتظاهرـ بأنه الملك من اجل‬Rassendyll ‫لم يفهم أن‬
162. What happened when the Princess’s coach was approaching the castle?
Fritz and Rassendyll saw it and quickly hid behind a tree, but they didn't realise that the boy was
.following them. The boy called out to the Princess and said the King was behind the tree
‫ ماذا حدث عندما اقترب موكب األميرة من القلعة ؟‬. 162
‫ ونادي‬. ‫ لكنهم لم يدركوا أن الصبيـ (الملبلب) كان يتبعهم‬، ‫ و سرعان ما اختبئا وراء شجرة‬،‫ رأوه‬Rassendyll ‫ و‬Fritz
. ‫الصبيـ علي األميرة وقال ان الملك وراء الشجرة‬
163. Why did Sapt ask only the Princess to see the King behind the tree?
.Because he didn't want the Marshal to know about Rassendyll
.Flavia looked surprised, then frightened as she thought the King got mad
‫ فقط من األميرة رؤية الملكـ وراء الشجرة؟‬Sapt ‫ لماذا طلب‬. 163
. Rassendyll ‫ لمعرفة اي شيئ عن‬Marshal ‫ألنه ال يريد‬
.‫ ثم خافت ألنها اعتقدت ان الملكـ قد جن‬، ‫ مندهشه‬Flavia ‫كانت‬
164. Why did Rassendyll wait in the forest until dark to go to the castle?
.As he didn’t want anyone to see him
‫ في الغابه حتى حلول الظالم للذهاب به الي القلعة ؟‬Rassendyll ‫ لماذا انتظر‬. 164
.‫لأنه ال يريد ان يراه أحد‬
165. Why did some people think the Duke imprisoned the King's English friend?
They thought the Duke held him prisoner because he had known about his evil plans and the Duke
.wanted to stop him telling the King
‫ سجن صديق الملك اإلنجليزي؟‬Duke ‫ لماذا اعتقد بعض الناس ان‬. 165
. ‫ ان يقول للملك‬Duke‫ سجنه ألنه كان يعرف عن خططه الشريرة وأراد ان يمنع الــ‬Duke ‫ظنوا ان‬
166. How did Rassendyll teach the King how to be a real King?
Rassendyll took his responsibilities as King seriously and tried to run the country well. He risked his
.own life so that Ruritania could be safe
‫ الملكـ درسا كيف يكون ملك حقيقي ؟‬Rassendyll ‫ كيف اعطي‬. 166
.‫ آمنة‬Ruritania ‫ وحاول ادارة البالد بشكل جيد وخاطر بحياته بحيث لكي تبقي‬، ‫ مسؤولياته بصفته الملك بجديه‬Rassendyll ‫اخذ‬
167. Back to England, how did Rassendyll feel when he thought of Rupert?
.He felt excited or angry when he thought of him. He wished he could find him and fight him
‫ ؟‬Rupert ‫ عندما كان يفكر في‬Rassendyll ‫ كيف شعر‬، ‫ عندما عاد الي انجلتراـ‬. 167
.‫شعر انه غاضب عندما كان يفكر فيه و تمنى انه يمكن أن يجده يحاربة‬
168. Back home, why did Rassendyll refuse to work with Sir Jacob Borrodaile?
Because Sir Jacob was going to be the British Ambassador in Ruritania and there would be problems
.because Rassendyll looked very like the King
‫ ؟‬Sir Jacob Borrodaile ‫ العمل مع‬Rassendyll ‫ لماذا رفض‬،‫ عندما عاد لوطنه‬. 168
‫ كان‬Rassendyll ‫ و سيكون هناك مشاكل بسبب ان‬Ruritania ‫ سيصبح السفيرـ البريطانيـ في‬Sir Jacob Borrodaile ‫ألن‬
.‫يشبه كثيرا الملك‬

116
 Set Book, Workbook and Longman Qestions with model answer
Chapter 1
.A. Answer these questions
1) Why doesn't Rudolf Rassendyll work?
.He belongs to a rich important family and doesn’t need to work
2) What kind of work does Rose suggest Rudolf should do?
.She wants him to take a job in an embassy, working for Sir Jacob Borrodaile
3) Why has the Rassendyll family been interested in the Elphberg family?
Countess Amelia Rassendyll married a member of the Elphberg family many years ago. Many of
her descendants look like the royal family of Ruritania (the Elphbergs).Rudolf looks like an
.Elphberg
4) Where does Rassendyll decide to travel to? What does he tell his family about his plans?
He travels to Ruritania to see the coronation of the new king. He doesn’t tell his family
that. He says he is going to go walking in the Alps and write a book about social
.problems in the country
5) What does the owner of the inn think of Michael Duke of Strelsau?
.She thinks he should be the King because the real King only likes hunting and good food
6) Why does Rassendyll decide to walk through the forest the next day?
.He wants to see the forest where the King is staying
7) Who does Rassendyll meet in the forest? Why are they surprised to see him?
He meets Colonel Sapt and Fritz von Tarlenheim, and then the King. They are surprised because
.he looks almost exactly like the King
.Read the quotations and answer the questions
" .To a man like me, opportunities are responsibilities"
?Who says this and when .1
.Rudolf Rassendyll says this while he is eating breakfast with his sister-in-law
?What does the person mean by this .2
He means that ifan opportunity comes, he takes it but he doesn’t look for work or
.responsibilities
?Do you think a person like this is very serious about work or life .3
Opinions may vary. But his sister-in-law does not think that he is very serious about
.work and life with this attitude
" .He's always lived in Ruritania and he cares about the people, so people like him "
?Who says this to whom .1
.The innkeeper (inn owner) says this to Rassendyll
?Who is the person talking about .2
.She’s talking about Duke Michael, the Duke of Strelsau
?What more does the speaker think about the person .3
.She wishes that he would be the King
Chapter 2
.A. Answer these questions
1) Why do you think Fritz says that it is not a good time for Rassendyll to visit Strelsau?
.Perhaps Fritz thinks there will be problems with someone who looks so much like the King
2) How does the King react to Fritz's suggestion, and what does that tell you about the King?
The King seems surprised by the suggestion (He says, “What?”) and asks Sapt what he thinks.
Perhaps it means that the King is not very wise, or that he depends too much on other people for
.advice
3) Why don't Fritz and Sapt eat very much? What advice do they give the King? Does he
listen to them?
They don’t want to overeat because they have to get up early the next day. They advise the King not
.to eat too much. He doesn’t listen to them
4) What happens at the end of the meal? What is the result the next day?
The servant brings some cakes from the Duke. The King eats a lot of them and is
.poisoned. He can’t be woken up the next day
5) Why does the Duke poison the King?

117
He hopes that the King will miss the coronation and that he (the Duke) will become the King
.instead
6) Is Rassendyll also poisoned? Why isn't he as sick as the King?
He is probably also poisoned because they have to throw water in his face to wake him up. But he
.ate only one cake, so he did’t eat as much poison. The King eats more, so he receives more poison
7) Rassendyll tells himself that he has no choice but to pretend to be the King. Do you think
he has a choice? Is there something else they can do?
No, he has no choice as he looks exactly like the king
8) How and when will they get the King to Strelsau?
They will hide the King in the cellar of the lodge. At night, after the coronation, Sapt and
Rassendyll will come back and get the King. Sapt will take him back to the palace, and Rassendyll
.will leave the country
9) Who overhears their plan? What do they do with the person?
Johann’s mother (who is a servant to the Duke) overhears the plan. They tie her up and
.lock her in the cellar with the King. Josef will let her out later
10)Why do they go to the station early instead of waiting for Duke Michael's guards?
The Duke’s guards have probably been told to kidnap or kill the King. They want to
.get out of the lodge and be on their way to the capital before the Duke’s men come
11)What is the first thing they do when they reach the capital? Why aren't the people from
the palace at the station in Strelsau to meet them?
The first thing they do is eat breakfast at the train station. The palace people aren’t
.there yet because the King (Rassendyll) arrived earlier than planned
12)Why is Rassendyll afraid when he sees Antoinette de Mauban?
Her expression changes, so he thinks she recognises that he is not the real King. He is
. afraid that she will shout out and tell others
.Read the quotations and answer the questions
"!Meanwhile, I'll have some breakfast! The King is hungry"
.Who says this to whom? 1. Rassendyll (disguised as the King) says this to Sapt and Fritz .1
Where and when does he say this?. In the train station at Strelsau. They have just arrived but .2
.they are early, so Rassendyll will eat first
What does this show you about the speaker? He is feeling a little more relaxed and acting .3
.more like the King
".God save both Kings"
?Who said this and where was he .1
.Sapt said this in the restaurant at the train station in Strelsau
”!What did the people say just before this?. The people said, “God save the King .2
?Why does the speaker say "both Kings"? Who is he talking about .3
He’s talking about the real King who is in the lodge at Zenda and about Rassendyll who is
pretending to be the King for the coronation. He is worried about the safety of both men, the real
.King and the pretend King
Chapter 3
A. Answer these questions.
1) What kind of people live in the old part of the city? What does Rassendyll do when the
Marshal wants him to ride through the old part of town?
The people in the old part are poor and many of them are loyal to Duke Michael.
Rassendyll tells the soldiers to ride ahead and behind him, not next to him, so that he
can show the people that he trusts them.
2) Why is Sapt so anxious about Rassendyll's decision to ride alone through the old town?
He knows that the people in the old town support the Duke and he is afraidthat
Rassendyll will be hurt or attacked there.
3) Why does Duke Michael's face turn white when he sees "the King" (Rassendyll)?
He thought that the King was still in Zenda (because he had poisoned him), so he is
surprised to see the King here at the coronation.
4) Does Michael realise that this is not the real King? How do you know?

118
Yes, Michael knows Rassendyll is not the real King. First, Michael knows (or thinks) that the King
is poisoned and still in Zenda. And the words in the story tell us: “No one else ... seemed to realise
that I was not the real King.” This means Michael realised it but no other person.
5) Does the Princess know that this is not the real King? What does she say about him?
She thinks this is the real King, but she says that he has changed. He is more tired and
serious, and also thinner.
6) Why do Rassendyll and Sapt need a permit to leave the city?
Michael controls the city and he has had news from Zenda, so he won’t want people to
leave the city.
7) How do they get a permit from the King?
Sapt can write like the King and he signs the paper.
8) What does Fritz do while Sapt and Rassendyll go to Zenda?
He stays and guards the bedroom. He must not let anyone inside the room.
9) How do Sapt and Rassendyll get out of the palace? Why do they go this way?
They go through a secret passage in the wall and out of a secret back door. They do
this because they don’t want anyone to see them and they want people to think that the
King is in his bedroom.
10)Who else is riding to Zenda? Which way do they go at the fork in the road? Which way do
Sapt and Rassendyll go?
Duke Michael and his servant Max Holt are riding to Zenda. They decide to go to the
castle. Sapt and Rassendyll go to the hunting lodge.
11)What do you think the message "all is well" means?
It probably means that the King is captured, as that is what the
Duke was planning, but there may be other details that are also “well”.
12)What do Sapt and Rassendyll find inside the lodge?
Johann’s mother and the King are gone. Josef is killed.
13)What does Sapt want Rassendyll to do?
He wants him to continue to pretend to be the King.
Read the quotations and answer the questions.
"Tell your soldiers to ride ahead of me. I don't need them or you. You can wait here until I've
continued through the old town alone."
I. Who says this to whom?. Rassendyll says this to Marshal Strakencz.
2. Where are they and when is this?. They are in the streets of Strelsau, going from the station to
the coronation. This is before the coronation.
3. Why does the speaker say this?
. He wants to act as a king. He wants the people to know that he trusts them.
"You mustn't try too hard. I'm not sure it was a good idea to ride alone through the old town.
Duke Michael won't like it if you become too popular with his people, you know. "
1. Who says this to whom?. Fritz says this to Rassendyll.
2. Where and when is this said?. They are in the King’s bedroom after the coronation.
3. Why did the person ride alone through the old town and why won't Duke Michael like it if
the person becomes too popular?
. Rassendyll wanted to act like a real king and show that he wasn’t afraid of the people/show that he
trusted the people. Duke Michael won’t like it because if he tries to become King, the people will
probably support him. But if the King/Rassendyll becomes popular, it will be harder for Michael to
get the support of the people.
"If all's well, why go there? And if all isn't well, I fear there 'Il be a trap. "
1. Who says this to whom?. Max Holt says this to Duke Michael.
2. Where are they?. They are on the road between Strelsau and Zenda./On the way to Zenda.
3. What is "there"? What do you think he means by "all's well"?
. “There” means the hunting lodge. “All’s well” probably means that the Duke’s plan has gone ahead
and that the King is kidnapped.
"We'll go back to Strelsau. The King will be back in the capital again tomorrow!"
1. Who says this to whom?. Sapt says this to Rassendyll.
2. Where are they and what has happened? They are in the hunting lodge near Zenda. They have
found Josef dead and the King is gone.
119
 3. How will the King be back in the capital tomorrow?. Rassendyll will continue to pretend to be
the King. / Sapt wants Rassendyll to continue to pretend to be the King.
Chapter 4
.A. Answer these questions
1) What does Sapt plan to do if the real King is dead?
.He plans that Rassendyllwill remain as King
2) Why do Michael's men have spades? What does it mean that they were going to "hide their
evil work"?
.They are going to bury Josef’s body so no one will know about his murder
3) What does Rassendyll mean that some of those evil men should join Josef?
.Rassendyll means that some of them should be killed. They should join Josef in death
4) Why does Sapt say to the servant at the secret door "All young men like to ride their horses
now and then, so why not the King?"
He wants the servant to think that the King was just out riding for fun. He doesn’t want
.him to know anything about where they were. Sapt says it’s best not to trust people too much
5) Why does Rassendyll use a new servant who has never met the real King? Who is the
servant replacing?
.The new servant would be less likely to realise that Rassendyll is not the real King
.The servant is replacing Josef, who was killed byMichael’s men
6) Who are the Six Men? Where are they from? Why are only three in Strelsau?
They are six special soldiers that Duke Michael keeps in his house all the time. Three
are from Ruritania, one is French, one is Belgian, one is English. Sapt and Fritz
.assume that if only three are in Strelsau, the other three must be guarding the King
7) Rassendyll decides to keep some of his plans secret from Sapt and Fritz. What are those
plans?
He plans to make himself as popular as he can, and to not say anything bad about
Michael. This way, if there were a fight, some of the people would support him (the King) and not
.Michael. Michael would not become stronger this way
8) Why does he visit the Princess? What does he do on the way? How do these things make
him more popular?. He wants to get the support of the Princess (for the King). On the way he buys
some flowers from a poor girl and pays with a gold coin. Giving the coin makes him look generous
to the people. The people like the Princess and seem to want the King to marry her, so visiting her
will make the people happy.
9) Why can't Michael come into the room when the King is there? What mistake does
Rassendyll make? How does he cover up his mistake?
Michael can’t come into the room without the King’s permission (because the King is
royal and higher than Michael). Rassendyll does not know this rule, and he makes the
.mistake of asking why Michael will be angry (that he isn’t asked to enter the room)
.He covers his mistake by saying that he keeps forgetting all the rules
10)Rassendyll says that his hand was hurt from an animal bite and that he's waiting to see if
the bite is poisonous. He also says that he is sure the animal will try to bite again. Who is he
really talking about, and who understands this?
He is really talking about Michael (his poisoning and kidnapping of the King, and his men’s
.shooting at Rassendyll), and Michael understands this
11)How does Rassendyll know that the Six Men also know his secret?
He knows because of the way Detchard (the Englishman) smiles at him when he is presented to him.
.Rassendyll knows that if one of the Six Men knows, they will all know
.Read the quotations and answer the questions
"!You're mad! The plan's too dangerous"
.Who says this to whom?. Rassendyll says this to Colonel Sapt .1
.Where are they?. They are at the hunting lodge near Zenda .2
What is the dangerous plan?. Sapt wants Rassendyll to continue to pretend to be the King and to .3
.return to Strelsau that night
" .We've got them! They can't say anything without showing their guilt "
.Who says this to whom?. Sapt says this to Rasendyll .1
.Why does he say this?. He is trying to persuade Rassendyll to continue to be the King .2
120
?"Who is "them"? What does the speaker mean by "We've got them .3
Them” is Duke Michael and his men. The speaker means that they have trapped the “ .
Duke and his men. The Duke can’t say anything against Rassendyll because he would
.have to admit that he is guilty of kidnapping the real King
Now remember, say nothing about this. All young men like to ride their horses now and then, so "
"?why not the King
Who says this to whom?Sapt says this to (Freyler,) the servant waiting for them outside the .1
.secret door to the palace
Where is the speaker coming from and who is with him?. Where was the speaker coming from .2
and who was with him? He was coming from Zenda and Rassendyll (disguised as the King) was
.with him
Why does the speaker say this?. Why does the speaker say this? He doesn’t want the servant to .3
talk about the King’s going out. He wants him to think that the King was just out riding (and
.enjoying himself)
Chapter 5
A. Answer these questions
Rassendyll has never liked responsibilities. Now he has many. What responsibilities does he .1
?have
He has to act like the King. He has to run the country. He has to try to rescue the real
.King from Michael
Why does Rassendyll become good at pretending he has forgotten rules or people he has met? .2
How does that prevent people from noticing that he is not the real King? What else do you think
?helps him not to be discovered
When he makes a mistake in pretending to be the King he has to cover it up by pretending that he has
forgotten something or someone. In this way, people don’t notice that he’s not the real King. Other
things that might help him are these: people don’t expect that there is a pretend King, so they don’t
look for one; they see what they expect to see. He looks nearly identical to the King, so this helps.
Also Sapt stays close to him to tell him what to say or do
?Sapt brings news of the real King. What is it .3
.The King is at the Castle of Zenda
Why does Rassendyll want to go to Zenda? What does Sapt mean when he says “You’ll .4
?”probably stay there forever if you do
He wants to go to rescue the real King. Sapt means that Rassendyll will either be
.imprisoned in Zenda or killed there if he goes
Why does Sapt have Rassendyll followed everywhere? What does he mean by “If you .5
?”disappear, the game’s over
He has him followed to protect him from Michael’s men. If they can kill orkidnap
Rassendyll, they will kill the real King and make Michael the King. Rassendyll’s
.game of pretending to be King would be over
?Who writes a letter to Rassendyll and what does it say? Who does he suspect really wrote it .6
Antoinette de Mauban writes a letter. It tells him to come to a certain place in a summer house in a
.garden late at night. He suspects that Michael wrote the letter (or at least dictated it to her)
When Rassendyll talks to Detchard at the summer house, what does Detchard offer him? Why .7
?doesn’t Rassendyll accept it
Detchard offers to give Rassendyll 50,000 English pounds and a safe journey to the border. Rassendyll
doesn’t accept this because he knows that they will kill the real King, and he doesn’t trust them. They
.will promise him one thing but kill him instead
?How does Rassendyll come out of the summer house alive .8
He holds the iron table in front of him to protect him (like a shield) and he rushes out
.of the door and knocks the three men down. He runs quickly away
?Why have they prepared a ball for the Princess .9
They want to make the people happy and make them think that the King wants to
marry the Princess. They want Rassendyll to ask the Princess to marry him. Some
.people think that if the King doesn’t marry her soon, she should marry Duke Michael

121
Rassendyll tells the Princess that when he was younger, he thought he didn’t need to worry .10
about society. Why does he say this? How does the Princess react? Why is it a mistake for him to
?say this
He says it because he is forgetting to act like the King. He is thinking that he is himself, Rassendyll.
The Princess is surprised because the King must have always known that he was going to become the
.King one day. This is a mistake by Rassendyll because he almost uncovers the truth about who he is
The day after the ball, the Princess receives two letters. What are they and who are they .11
?from
One is an invitation from Michael for her to visit him in Zenda. The other is a warning not to accept
any invitations from Michael and not to go anywhere without many guards. It is from Antoinette de
.Mauban (although the Princess doesn’t know this)
?What does Rassendyll do when he hears of these letters? Who does he go to .12
.He orders a guard for the Princess. He goes to Marshal Strakencz and gives him some orders
?What does Rassendyll tell Marshal Strakencz to do .13
He tells him to guard the Princess and not allow Michael or his men hear her. He also tells the Marshal
that he is leaving Strelsau for a few days and he will send a message to him every evening. If he
doesn’t get a message for three days, he has the authority to say that he is now the head of Strelsau. He
must then ask the Duke to allow him to see the King. If he doesn’t see the King in twenty-four hours,
he must say that the King’s dead. Then he must tell the people of Ruritania that their new ruler will be
.Princess Flavia
.Read the quotations and answer the questions
”.It would be very useful for Michael if you disappeared. And if you disappear, the game’s over “
.Who says this to whom?. Sapt says this to Rassendyll .1
Why does the speaker say this? 2. Because Rassendyll complained that there are always men .2
following him. (The men were ordered by Sapt to do so.)
.What game would be over if the person disappeared? Explain .3
.The game of who is King. Michael would also kill the real King and then make himself King .3
I also have a game to play. I’ll tell the Duke’s men that you never came. If the Duke doesn’t find “
”.out what I’ve done, we may meet again
.Who says this to whom?. Antoinette de Mauban says this to Rassendyll .1
.Where are they?. They are in a summer house in agarden in Strelsau .2
?What has the speaker done that the Duke shouldn’t find out .3
.She has warned Rassendyll that they are trying to kill him, and has told him how to escape
But you always knew that you would become King. How could you “
”?think that was someone else’s job
.Who says this to whom? . Princess Flavia says this to “King” Rassendyll .1
.Where are they? . They are at the ball in the palace .2
This was said in reaction to the other person’s words. What did the other person say before .3
this? . He said that when he was younger he didn’t think he had any responsibilities to
.society
Every evening, I’ll send you a message. If you don’t get a message for three days, you have the “
”.authority to say that you are now the head of Strelsau
.Who says this to whom?. “King” Rassendyll says this to Marshal Strakencz .1
When is this said?. This is said the day after the ball, before Rassendyll goes to Zenda. / After the .2
.Duke invites the Princess to Zenda and Antoinette warns her to stay away
?What other orders does the speaker give .3
The Marshal must guard the Princess and not let Michael or his men near her. If the Marshal becomes
the head of Strelsau, he must then go to the Duke and demand to se the King. If he doesn’t see the
King in twenty-four hours, he must tell the people that the King is dead and make Princess Flavia the
.new ruler of Ruritania
Chapter 6
.A. Answer these questions
Rassendyll’s writing is different from the King’s. What reason does Rassendyll give? Why .1
?might this difference be a problem for Marshal Strakencz
Rassendyll says it is because of his injured finger. It might be a problem for Strakencz
.because people might think the order from the King is not a real one
122
 What reason does Rassendyll give Princess Flavia for leaving Strelsau? What does he ask her .2
to do if he doesn’t come back? . He tells her he is going to hunt a big animal —Michael. He tells her
.she must become Queen if he doesn’t return
Where do Rassendyll and his men stay for their hunting trip? Where is it and who does it .3
?belong to
They stay in a country house called Tarlenheim. It belongs to a relative of Fritz. It is on
.a hill on the opposite side of the town of Zenda from the castle
What reason does Duke Michael give for not visiting “King” Rassendyll or inviting him to his .4
castle?. He says that he and some servants have a serious sickness. (It is not true.)
Why do Rassendyll and Fritz go to the inn at Zenda? Who do they talk to there and what do .5
?they say
They go to meet Johann (or someone who can contact him). They talk to the innkeeper’s daughter and
.ask her to have Johann meet them the next night
?What happens to Bernenstein while Fritz and Rassendyll are out .6
.He is shot in the arm while he is out in the woods
What message does Rupert Hentzau bring the next day? How does Rassendyll reply? What .7
?happens when Rupert is leaving
.The Duke offers Rassendyll a safe journey to the border and a million gold pieces
.Rassendyll refuses. As Rupert is leaving, he stabs Rassendyll in the shoulder with a knife
?What do they learn from Johann .8
.They learn where the King is being kept in the castle and the Duke’s plans
.Describe the room and the pipe where the real King is being kept .9
There is an outer room with no windows. It is always guarded by three of the Six Men. The King is
.kept in chains in the next room. Its window has a large pipe that leads to the castle moat
What is the plan if they are attacked? How will they kill the King and what will they do with .10
?the body
They will kill the King and then put him into the pipe. The chains will keep the body under the water
.of the moat. The guards can then go out the same pipe and swim across the moat to escape
?Why do they send Johann back to the castle .11
The Duke would look for him if he were missing. They also hope they can trust him and get more
.information from him
.Read the quotations and answer the questions
The writing’s a little different from your usual. I hope people know it’s a real order from the “ -1
”.King
.Who says this to Rassendyll (the King)?. Marshal Strakencz says this .1
?What does he think is the reason that the handwriting is different? What is the real reason .2
He thinks it is different because the King has injured hishand. The real reason is that Rassendyll is not
.the real King
?Why is it important that the handwriting be the same .3
.So that people will know that it is a real order from the King
”?So you’d prefer to hunt animals than do your duties in the capital“ -2
.Who says this to Rassendyll? 1. Princess Flavia .1
When does the person say this?. The day after the ball, when Rassendyll is saying goodbye to go .2
.to Zenda to hunt Michael
.What “animal” is Rassendyll going to hunt? . Duke Michael .3
”.If you do not know how to address the King, my brother must find another messenger “ -3
.Who does Rassendyll say this to?. Rassendyll says this to Rupert Hentzau .1
.Where are they?. They are at Tarlenheim .2
.”Why does he say this?. He says this because Hentzau has addressed him as “Rassendyll .3
Rassendyll, I think that this time next year, you’ll still be King “-4
.Who says this?. Colonel Sapt .1
?What has he just heard .2
.He has just heard the Duke’s plan for killing the King and hiding the body
?Why does he think Rassendyll will still be King after a year .3
Because the Duke’s plan is very clever and he will kill the King whether he is attacked by a small
.group or a large one
123
 Chapter 7
.A. Answer these questions
?What three pieces of news arrive at Tarlenheim the next day .1
The people of Strelsau heard that the King was badly injured while hunting. The Duke
thought he was badly injured. The Princess ordered Marshall Strakencz to take her to
.Tarlenheim to see the King
?Why do Rassendyll and the others go to the castle at night .2
.They want to see it so that they can make plans to rescue the King
?Why does Rassendyll kill Max Holf .3
He is guarding the King’s prison. Rassendyll kills him because this is a war for the
.King’s life and Max is working for the enemy
Why do the seven gentlemen go with Rassendyll, Sapt and Fritz to the castle? What do they .4
?do
They go to protect the horses and the others in case the Duke’s men attack. Theyfight
.with the Duke’s men (and three of them are killed)
?Who gets killed in the fight in the woods? Who gets away .5
Two of the Duke’s Six Men get killed, Lauengram and Kafstein. Three of Rassendyll’s
.men get killed also. Rupert Hentzau escapes
Why were Rassendyll’s bags found at a train station near Zenda? Why is the Chief of Police .6
?looking for Mr Rassendyll
Rassendyll had sent the bags ahead to the station on the morning of the day he met the
King in the woods. He never went to the station to get them because he was pretending
to be the King. The Chief of Police is looking for Rassendyll because he has
disappeared. (His family has not heard from him.)
Rassendyll meets Rupert the next day while they are out riding. What plan does Rupert offer .7
?to Rassendyll
He offers to help him attack the castle. But Sapt, Fritz, Michael and the King must all
.die. Then Rassendyll can stay as King and Rupert will be given a reward (money)
?Why is Antoinette de Mauban being kept as a prisoner of the Duke .8
.He discovered that she helped Rassendyll in the summer house. He cannot trust her now
A doctor has been brought to see the real King in his prison. Why doesn’t Duke Michael let .9
?the doctor leave
.Because the doctor would tell people that the King is a prisoner
Why does Rassendyll ask Antoinette de Mauban to cry out for help at two o’clock in the .10
?morning
So the Duke will go to help her. At the same time Johann will open the front door to
.let in Sapt and Fritz with their men
Why does Rupert Hentzau swim across the moat to go back to the mansion? Why doesn’t he .11
?use the drawbridge
The drawbridge has been pulled up for the night. He is doing something secret, so he
.does not use the bridge
.Read the quotations and answer the questions .
”.Go back to Strelsau and tell the Ambassador what you know. I’ll look into this for you “ -1
.Who does Rassendyll say this to?. Rassendyll says this to the Chief of Police of Strelsau .1
What is it that Rassendyll will look into?. Rassendyll will look into the case of the missing .2
.Englishman Mr Rassendyll
?Why doesn’t he want the Chief of Police to investigate about the missing man .3
.Because he might find out that Rassendyll is pretending to be the King.
I hear there are new servants at the castle. Do these servants know the King’s a prisoner “ -2
”?there
.Who says this to Johann? 1. Rassendyll says it .1
?What does Johann answer .2
.He answers that the servants do not know that the prisoner is the King
? Why is that important .3
Rassendyll wants to know if the servants will think he is the King (and obey him or surrender to him
.when he attacks the castle)
124
”.He makes me angry. I nearly killed him myself last night. Think carefully about my plan “ -3
.Who says this to Rassendyll? 1.Rupert Hentzau says this .1
.Who is the person talking about? He is talking about Duke Michael .2
?What is the person’s plan .3
He will help Rassendyll attack the castle. Hentzau will decide the time. But Sapt, Fritz, Michael and
the real King must all die. Then Rassendyll will remain King and Hentzau will have a reward (and
.escape)
Chapter 8
.A. Answer these questions
?Where does Rassendyll wait for it to be two o’clock .1
.He waits by the drawbridge gate next to the castle
?Rassendyll has asked Antoinette to cry for help at two o’clock. Why does she do it earlier .2
.Because she is being attacked by Rupert. He wants to punish her for writing to Rassendyll
?Why does Rassendyll kill De Gautet with a sword and not with a gun .3
.Because he doesn’t want to make any noise and attract other people
?How does Rassendyll get the keys to the King’s prison .4
.He takes them from De Gautet’s clothes after he kills him
Who gets killed in the first room of the King’s prison? Who gets killed in the room where the .5
?King is? Who gets wounded
Bersonin gets killed in the first room. In the room where the King is, the doctor is killed by Detchard,
.and Detchard is killed by Rassendyll. The King and Rassendyll are both wounded
?Why doesn’t the King fight Detchard directly? How does he help Rassendyll .6
The King is weak from illness and in chains. He can’t move much because of the chains. He helps
Rassendyll by pushing a chair into Detchard as he is fighting. (This makes him lose his balance and
fall over the doctor’s body. Then it is easy for Rassendyll to kill him.)
.Who kills the Duke?.Rupert Hentzau .7
?Why does Rupert ride away instead of fighting Rassendyll .8
Because Fritz comes with a gun and Rupert knows he can’t fight both of them. (A gun can kill from a
distance. Fritz can kill Rupert from a distance before Rupert can kill Rassendyll with a sword.)
How does the boy make a problem for Sapt, Fritz and Rassendyll? Why does Sapt tell the .9
?Princess to come alone to see the King behind the tree
The boy runs out and says the King is behind the tree, but Strakencz and the Princess think that the
King is in the castle. Sapt has a problem to explain this. He asks the Princess to come alone because he
.doesn’t want Marshal Strakenczto know about Rassendyll
Why does Sapt have the real King taken from his prison with his face covered? What do .10
Sapt’s men and the servants think happened to the King and to the prisoner? Why does
?Rassendyll wait in the forest until dark to go to the castle
Sapt doesn’t want his men or the servants to see who the prisoner really is. They think that the King
was wounded in the fight to rescue the prisoner, and that the prisoner went after Rupert Hentzau.
Rassendyll waits until hecan go into the castle under the cover of dark. He doesn’t want anyone to see
.him
?How does Rassendyll teach the King how to be a real king .11
He takes his responsibilities as King seriously and tries to run the country well. He
.risks his own life to rescue the King, could have remained King
What does Rassendyll mean when he writes “Nobody knew where Rupert had disappeared .12
to, and the thought of the man who had almost beaten me still makes my heart beat louder in my
?”chest
It means when he thinks of Rupert he gets excited or angry. He wishes he could find him and fight
.him
Do you think Rassendyll was right to pretend to be the King for the coronation? Was he .13
?right to continue to pretend to be the King for so long
Why doesn’t Rassendyll remain the King? If he was a wiser and better ruler than the real .14
?King, would it be wrong for him to remain King
?What does Rassendyll learn from his adventures .15
.He learns responsibility, how to do the (morally) right thing
.Read the quotations and answer the questions .
125
”!This woman’s been writing secret letters to Rassendyll! She needs to be punished “-1
.Who says this to whom?. Rupert Hentzau says this to Duke Michael .1
.Who is “this woman”? .“This woman” is Antoinette de Mauban .2
?What is the speaker doing while saying this .3
.He is attacking Antoinette and fighting with Duke Michael.
”.Dead! That’s good. Then I’m your leader now. Put down your weapons and do as I say “ -2
?Who says this to whom .1
.Rupert Hentzau says this to the Duke’s servants (standing near the door of the mansion)
?Where is the speaker .2
.He is standing on the drawbridge (between the mansion and castle)
?Do the people obey him? What happens .3
.No, they don’t obey him. They let Madame de Mauban try to shoot him
”.Why didn’t you follow my plan? We could have worked well together “ -3
.Who says this to whom?. Rupert Hentzau says this to Rassendyll .1
?Where are they and what has just happened .2
They are in the forest near the castle. Rupert has killed the Duke; Rassendyll has killed
.the others of the Six Men and rescued the King
?What was the plan that wasn’t followed .3
Rassendyll would attack when Rupert said to. The King, the Duke, Sapt, and Fritz
.would all die. Rassendyll would remain the King and Hentzau would be rewarded
I hoped that tomorrow, you’d come with me to Strelsau and tell everyone about the brave things “ -4
”.that you’ve done, but Sapt tells me that this isn’t possible
.Who says this to whom? The (real) King says this to Rassendyll .1
.Where are they?. They are in a bedroom in the mansion .2
What do these words tell you about the speaker’s character and the .3
speaker’s relationship with Sapt? .The speaker perhaps does not have good judgment. He depends a
.lot on Sapt. He needs Sapt to give him advice
Practice Test ( 1 )
-: a) Answer the following questions
?What is the setting (time and place) of The Prisoner of Zenda -1
.The setting is Europe in the 1890s / late 19th century *
?How old is Rudolf when the events of the story start -2
.Rudolf is 29 years old *
?According to Rose, how is Rudolf Rassendyll different from his brother Robert -3
.Rudolf is different because he does not take his duties to society seriously. He doesn’t work *
.Mention three skills that Rudolf Rassendyll has -4
He can speak several languages (German, French, Spanish, and Italian), he can ride a horse and *
.he can fight with a sword
-: B) Read the following quotation, then answer the questions
Why should I do anything? I have nearly enough money to do anything I want to (no one ever has "
".quite enough money to do that, of course), and I enjoy an important position in society
? Who said this -1
.Rudolf Rassendyll said this *
?To whom was it said -2
.It was said to Rose Rassendyll / his sister-in-law *
Do you agree that people who have a lot of money should do nothing? Explain your point of -3
.view
.No, everyone should have something to do because work makes man an important person *
:C) Find the mistake in each of the following sentences and correct it
.Rudolf Rassendyll told Rose he was going to go walking in the West Indies* Alps -1
.The King invited Rassendyll to stay with his family in Strelsau.* Johann -2
Test Practice ( 2 )
-:A) Answer the following questions
?Why wasn't Rassendyll as sick as the King was -1
.He only ate one cake so he ate less poison *
?Why did Fritz and Sapt lock up Johann's mother with the King -2
126
They locked her up so that she wouldn’t tell Michael’s men that Rassendyll was pretending to *
.be the King at the coronation
?Why was Rassendyll afraid when he saw Antoinette de Mauban on the balcony -3
.He was afraid that she would recognise him and say that he wasn’t the real King *
?According to Flavia, how has Rassendyll (the King) changed in his appearance -4
.She says that his face is thinner and he acts more serious *
-:B) Read the following quotation, then answer the questions
I heard that you rode through the old town alone. That surprised me. The people there must really "
".have appreciated what you did
?Who said this -1
.Princess Flavia said this *
.To whom was it said? * It was said to the Rassendyll / the pretend King -2
?Why did the people appreciate this action -3
.It showed the people that the King cared about them and trusted them *
-: C) Find the mistake in each of the following sentences and correct it
.The rich people who had always lived well would support the Duke.* the King -1
.Sapt and Fritz believed that Rassendyll had poisoned the King.* Duke Michael -2
Test Practice ( 3 )
-: A) Answer the following questions
Why couldn't the Duke say anything about Rassendyll even though he knew Rassendyll was -1
?not the King
.He couldn’t say anything because he would have to admit that he had kidnapped the real King *
?How did Sapt explain Rassendyll's injured finger to Freyler -2
.Sapt told Freyler that Rassendyll had caught his finger in a door *
Why was Rassendyll keen on getting the people of Ruritania to like him more than they liked -3
?the Duke
He thought that if there was a fight between him and the Duke, the people would support him *
.(the “King”)
?Why couldn't the Duke ever become King unless he married Flavia -4
The Duke’s mother wasn’t royal, so by law/legally he couldn’t become King unless he married *
.Princess Flavia
-:B) Read the following quotation, then answer the questions
"?You do know that Michael will be very angry. Is that a good idea"
?Who said this -1
.Princess Flavia said this *
?To whom was it said -2
.It was said to Rassendyll (the King) *
?What was it that would make Michael very angry -3
Rassendyll didn’t ask Michael to come into the room and he can’t enter without the King’s *
.permission
-: C) Find the mistake in each of the following sentences and correct it
.Freyler was Sapt's farmer. * servant -1
Rassendyll was worried when the French prince asked him a question which he could not -2
.answer.* ambassador
Practice Test ( 4 )
-:a) Answer the following questions
Rassendyll has never liked responsibilities. Now he has many. What responsibilities does he -1
?have
.He has to run the country and rescue the real King *
?Why does Rassendyll become good at pretending he has forgotten rules or people he has met -2
.He has to do this so that people will still think he is the real King *
Rassendyll tells the Princess that when he was younger, he thought he didn't need to worry -3
?about society. Why does he say this
.He is forgetting to pretend to be the King. He is thinking of his own youth *
How does the Princess react to Rassendyll's recalling that he thought he had no need to worry -4
?about society
127
She is surprised because he always knew he would be King , so , he should expect to have *
.responsibilities
-: B) Read the following quotation, then answer the questions
".It would be very useful for Michael if you disappeared. And if you disappear, the game's over "
.Who says this? * Colonel Sapt says this -1
?Why does the speaker say this -2
.He is explaining why he has men guarding Rassendyll everywhere he goes *
.What game would be over if the person disappeared? Explain -3
The game is Rassendyll pretending to be King. If he disappeared, Duke Michael would kill the *
.real King and make himself King
-: C) Find the mistake in each of the following sentences and correct it
.No one goes into the castle without Michael's or Sapt's permission. * Rupert’s -1
.The letter from Antoinette tells the King to come to the summer house with a friend. * alone -2
Practice Test ( 5 )
-:a) Answer the following questions
What is the reason Rassendyll claims is the cause of his handwriting being different from the -1
?King's
.He claims that his hand still hurts from his injury so he can't write as well as before *
The thing I hunt is a very big animal ," Rassendyll explains. What is Rassendyll really " -2
.hunting? * He is really hunting Duke Michael
?To whom did the large, modern country house called Tarlenheim belong -3
.It belonged to a relative of Fritz *
Rassendyll, Sapt and Fritz took ten brave and strong gentlemen that they trusted to hunt -4
?down Michael. What reason did they give to the gentlemen
.They told the gentlemen that Duke Michael was holding a friend of the King as a prisoner *
-:B) Read the following quotation, then answer the questions
As you know, his mother was not royal and he can only legallybecome King if he marries the "
".Princess
.Who said this? * Rassendyll (pretending to be the King) said this -1
.To whom was it said? * It was said to Marshal Strakencz -2
?Who cannot become King unless he marries the Princess -3
.Duke Michael / The Duke of Strelsau cannot become King unless he marries the Princess *
-: C) Find the mistake in each of the following sentences and correct it
.The owner's wife at the inn thought that Rassendyll was the King. * daughter-1
.Of the Six Men, four of them were Ruritanians. * three -2
Practice Test (6)
-: A) Answer the following questions
?What did Johann tell Rassendyll about the real King's condition -1
.He told him the King was ill and weak *
?Why does Rassendyll say he was forced to stab Max Holf to death -2
.It was war. He had to do it to rescue the King *
What did the Chief of Police in Strelsau tell Rassendyll (the King) about what they had -3
? learned about the real Rassendyll
They had found his bags at the train station and they thought he was travelling with Madame *
.de Mauban
?Why was Michael keeping Madame de Mauban as a prisoner in his castle -4
.Because he knew that she had warned Rassendyll at the summer house *
:B) Read the following quotation, then answer the questions
He's not a good man. He makes me angry. I nearly killed him myself last night. Think carefully "
".about my plan
.Who said this? * Rupert Hentzau said this -1
.To whom was it said? * This was said to Rassendyll -2
What is the speaker's plan? * He will help Rassendyll attack the castle. But Sapt, Fritz, the -3
.King and the Duke must die. Rassendyll will remain King and Rupert will get a reward
:C) Find the mistake in each of the following sentences and correct it
.Max Holf is Johann's uncle * brother -1
128
Mr. Featherly from Paris believed Rudolf Rassendyll was travelling with Flavia.* Antoinette -2
.de Mauban

129
Longman
REVIEW A
:a. Answer the following questions
?Why was Rose angry with Rudolf at breakfast .1
?Why did Rassendyll decide to go to Ruritania .2
 ?Why did the innkeeper like Duke Michael more than the King .3
?How could the old castle of Zenda be reached? How could the mansion be reached .4
:b. Read the following quotation, then answer the questions
The King likes to live well. Let’s say he prefers eating to action, but he’s a kind man and he’s our King. “
”.We’d do anything for him
?Who does Fritz say this to .1
?In what way is the King like the listener .2
?How does the King’s character cause a problem for him that night .3
:c. Find the mistake in each of the following sentences and correct it
.George Featherly took the same train as Rassendyll from Paris to Ruritania .1
.Fritz’s brother was Lord Burlesdon .2

Review B

:a. Answer the following questions

?Why did Duke Michael poison the King .1
?How long did Rassendyll expect to pretend to be the King .2
?Why was Sapt anxious when Rassendyll rode through the old part of town alone .3
?How did Rassendyll and Sapt get a permit to leave the city .4
:b. Read the following quotation, then answer the questions
”.Nervous. I’m not made of stone, you know “
?Who said this to Sapt .1
?Where were they when this was said .2
?Why was the speaker nervous .3
:c. Find the mistake in each of the following sentences and correct it
.Rassendyll had to go to Dresden and pretend to be the King .1
.Rassendyll found the dead body of the King in the hunting lodge cellar .2
Review C
:a. Answer the following questions
?How did Duke Michael know that Rassendyll was not the real King .1
?Why did the men who came to the lodge have spades with them .2
?Why did Rassendyll continue to pretend to be the King after the coronation day .3
?Who is Detchard .4
:b. Read the following quotation, then answer the questions
Brother, I’m so sorry. I didn’t know you were waiting, otherwise I’d have asked “
”.you in sooner
?Where were they when Rassendyll said this to Michael .1
?Why didn’t Michael go into the room before he was asked .2
 ?Why didn’t Rassendyll ask him to come into the room sooner .3
:c. Find the mistake in each of the following sentences and correct it
.Fritz and Rassendyll rode to the palace to see Madame Antoinette .1
.Rassendyll and Josef rode from Strelsau to the hunting lodge to get the King .2

130
 Review D
:a. Answer the following questions
Why did Rassendyll remember Rose’s words about responsibilities when he left Princess Flavia’s .1
?palace
?What did Antoinette tell Rassendyll when he went to the summer house .2
 ?How did Sapt react when Rassendyll almost told Princess Flavia the truth of who he was .3
?What did Sapt want Rassendyll to do at the ball .4
:b. Read the following quotation, then answer the questions
You do not know me, but I do not want you to fall into the power of the “
”.Duke
?Who wrote these words in a letter .1
?Who was the letter addressed to .2
?What advice did the letter give .3
:c. Find the mistake in each of the following sentences and correct it
.The Duke spoke to Rassendyll through the summer house door .1
.Rassendyll asked Marshal Strelsau to protect Princess Flavia from the Duke .2
REVIEW E
:a. Answer the following questions
?Where was Bernenstein when he was shot .1
?Why did the King’s prison have a large stone pipe leading to the moat .2
 ?Why do you think Johann was willing to act as a spy for Rassendyll .3
?What happened at the house at Tarlenheim on the night Rassendyll’s men attacked the castle .4
:b. Read the following quotation, then answer the questions
”.That will leave two men alive: you and me. You’ll stay as the King and I’ll have a reward “
?Who said this to Rassendyll .1
?What was the plan that the person suggested .2
?Why do you think Rassendyll refused this plan .3
  :c. Find the mistake in each of the following sentences and correct it
.Detchard stabbed Rassendyll in the shoulder .1
.When the King was sick in his prison, Princess Flavia helped to take care of him .2
REVIEW F
:a. Answer the following questions
?Why did Rupert attack Antoinette .1
?What two people were with the King when Rassendyll entered the King’s prison room .2
?Why do you think Michael’s servants did not put down their weapons when Rupert told them to .3
?Why did Rassendyll stay in the woods after the fight at the castle .4
:b. Read the following quotation, then answer the questions
You could have become an ambassador yourself one day! If you don’t go, “
”!you’ll never be anyone important
?Who said this to Rassendyll .1
?Where did the person want him to go and why .2
?Why didn’t Rassendyll want to do what the person wanted .3
:c. Find the mistake in each of the following sentences and correct it
.The King had seen the Princess with Sapt, and Rupert Hentzau returned to Strelsau .1
.Max was helping the Duke, so he could not open the door for Sapt and his men .2

131
 Model answer Review A
.a. Answers may vary
.She was angry because Rudolf didn’t want to work or have any responsibilities .1
.He wanted to see the coronation of the new King of Ruritania .2
Duke Michael had always lived in Ruritania and cared about the people. The King had lived .3
 .abroad and the people didn’t know him
.The old castle could be reached only by a drawbridge. The mansion could be reached by a road .4
.b. Answers may vary
.Fritz says this to Rassendyll .1
.They both like to live well and not to work .2
.He likes to eat too much and he ate a lot of the poisoned cakes tha tDuke Michael sent .3
.c
.Antoinette de Mauban took the same train as Rassendyll from Paris to Ruritania .1
.Rassendyll’s brother was Lord Burlesdon .2
Model answer Rev w ieB
.a. Answers may vary
He didn’t want him to be crowned King the next day. / He wanted to prevent him from going to .1
.the coronation
.He expected to pretend to be the King for one day / until midnight .2
.Sapt thought the people in the old part of town might hurt him because they didn’t like the King .3
.Sapt was able to copy the King’s signature onto a form .4
.b
.Rassendyll said this .1
.They were in/near Strelsau. / They were approaching the train station in Strelsau .2
.He was afraid people would realise that he was not the real King .3
.c
.Rassendyll had to go to Strelsau and pretend to be the King .1
.Rassendyll found the dead body of Josef in the hunting lodge cellar .2
Model answer Review C
.a. Answers may vary. Sample answers
Duke Michael knew that the real King had been poisoned and was at the hunting lodge. / His .1
.men (must have) sent him a message that the King was asleep at the hunting lodge
.They had spades because they were going to bury Josef’s body .2
.Because the real King was missing from the lodge/taken by Michael’s men .3
.Detchard is an Englishman who is one of Duke Michael’s special soldiers/Six Men .4
.b
.Answers may vary
.They were at Princess Flavia’s palace .1
.He couldn’t go into the room without the King’s permission (because he wasn’t royal) .2
He didn’t know that Michael needed the King’s permission. (He pretended to the Princess that .3
he had forgotten the rule.)
.c
.Fritz and Rassendyll rode to the palace to see Princess Flavia .1
.Rassendyll and Sapt rode from Strelsau to the hunting lodge to get the King .2
Model answer Review D
.a. Answers may vary
Because he suddenly realised that he had always wanted a quiet life but now he had many .1
.responsibilities and he wondered how he had got into that situation
132
She told him that Michael’s men were planning to kill him there and that he must leave before .2
.they came
 .Sapt’s face was angry but he calmly told Rassendyll that someone was waiting to see him .3
.Sapt wanted Rassendyll to propose to Princess Flavia .4
.b. 1. Antoinette de Mauban wrote these words
.The letter was addressed to Princess Flavia .2
The letter said that she should not accept any invitation from Duke Michael and that she should .3
.not go anywhere without many guards
.c
.Detchard spoke to Rassendyll through the summer house door .1
.Rassendyll asked Marshal Strankencz to protect Princess Flavia from the Duke .2
Model answer Review E
.a. Answers may vary
.Bernenstein was alone in the woods near the house at Tarlenheim .1
.If the Duke killed the King, he would put his body into the moat through the pipe .2
Because he didn’t like the Duke. / Because he wanted to help the King. / )Suggested answers ( .3
 .Because he was paid a lot of money
.There was music and bright lights so that it looked like there was a ball .4
.b
.Rupert Hentzau said this .1
He suggested that he set the time for an attack on the castle, but Sapt, Fritz, the King and the .2
.Duke must all die
Because he knew this was morally wrong. / Because he had a duty to rescue )Suggested answers ( .3
.the King. / Because he knew he couldn’t trust Rupert
.c
.Hentzau stabbed Rassendyll in the shoulder .1  
.When the King was sick in his prison, Antoinette de Mauban helped to take care of him .2
Model answer Review F
.a. Answers may vary
.Rupert attacked Antoinette because he learnt that she had been writing to Rassendyll .1
.Detchard and the doctor were with the King .2
They were loyal to the Duke, who had just been killed. / They )Suggested answers( .3
.knew that Rupert was not their boss. / They were angry that Rupert had killed the Duke
.He didn’t want anyone to see him because they would think he was the King .4
.b. Answers may vary
.His sister-in-law Rose said this .1
.She wanted him to go to Ruritania to be the assistant to the new British ambassador .2
He didn’t want to be an ambassador because he had already been a king. / He knew it would .3
.cause problems for him to be in Ruritania because he looked so much like the King
.c
.The King had seen the Princess with Sapt, and Marshal Strakencz returned to Strelsau .1
.Johann was helping the Duke, so he could not open the door for Sapt and his men .2

133
 Part 4 skills

1- The Sitiuations
1-Agreeing with an opinion
I (completely) agree.
I couldn't agree more.\ Yes, you are quite right. I don't agree./ I don't think so.
2-Expressing Interest
How interesting! \ Is that right?
3-Asking for information ‫السؤال عن معلومات‬
Excuse me, could I ask you some questions
about..?
Could you tell me ..? \What does ".." mean?
4-Asking for opinion
What's your opinion about (modern novels)?
What do you think I should do to …?
6-Asking for Advice
What do you think I should do to...?
Can you give me some advice about..?
7-Asking for Instructions
How can I operate (this coffee machine)?
Can you show me how to + ‫?المصدر‬
8-Language to deduce information
Why do you think (they built the Suez Canal)?
How do you think (they built the Suez Canal)?
9-Making Suggestion
How (What) about +v+ing..? \Let's‫مصدر‬
10-Asking for an explanation
Can you explain why…?/ How on earth…?
Could you tell me how/why…?
11-Wishes‫األمنيات‬
I wish + ‫ فاعل‬+ could/ would + ‫مصدر‬
I wish I had+ p.p ………My goal is to +
12- Offer help ‫عرض المساعدة‬
1. Can I help you?
2. Would you like me to ‫… مصدر‬.?
3. Shall I ‫ …………… مصدر‬for you?
13- Likes‫الحب‬
I am a big fan of ‫…ـ‬ I prefer/ love………
I am fond of ………………
14-Asking for reasons
1-Can you tell me why... 2 ?..‫ فاعل‬+ ‫فعل‬-What is 1-It is because….. 2- Firstly, because ……
3- Mainly ‫ اساساـ‬because …………
134
Disagreeing with an opinion.
I (completely) disagree
Expressing Surprise
Really? I didn't know that. / Good
Heavens!
Giving information ‫إعطاء معلومات‬
Yes, of course. / Yes, certainly.
Yes, that's fine..
Giving opinion
I think that .. / In my opinion ..
As far as I am concerned ..
Giving Advice
I think you should..
Why don't you..? / If I were you, I'd..
Giving Instructions
First, switch it on, then press the red button
FirstThen./Next./\ Finally
Making deduction
I think they must have +PP………
Well, they might have +PP………..
Responding to Suggestions
That's a good idea.
Giving an explanation
Let me explain. \ I'll explain that to you.
I'll try and explain.
Regrets‫الندم‬
I am sorry that ………I am
disappointed that …I regret + v + ing
Reply to offer ‫الرد على المساعدة‬
1-That is very kind of you.
2-Thanks very much.
3-No, thank you .I can manage.
Dislikes‫الكراهية‬
I am not keen on … I don't enjoy ……..
I can't stand………………… ( ‫)الأطيق‬
Giving reasons
 the reason for…? 3-What is the cause of…?
15-Give warning Respond to Warning
1- Be careful or you will2 ‫مصدر‬- Don't ‫مصدر‬-… 1- It is OK . 2- Why not ?
3- Watch out! … = Beware ! … ‫ احذر‬3- Don't worry I will take care. Thank you.
16-Interview Questions Answers
Do you have (a driving licence)? Yes, I do.
What have you been doing since……….? I have been working as …
Could you tell me why you want to work for us? As I have the right qualifications for this job.
Why do you think you'd be good at the job? As I'll enjoy meeting customers
17-Persuation Talking about the future
1- Why don't you..? 2- I really think you should 1 – I think …2 – I am sure.......3 – I hope …
18-Ability ‫القدرة‬ can - can’t ‫ \ مصدر‬am, is, are + (not) able to
Necessity‫الضرورة‬ must ‫ = مصد‬have (has)to = have got to ‫مصدر‬
Unnecessity ‫عدم الضرورة‬ don't (doesn't) have to / needn't ‫مصدر‬
Warning \ Prohibition ‫التحزير والتحريم‬ mustn’t ‫ = مصدر‬be not allowed to ‫مصدر‬
Probability‫األحتمال‬ may ‫ \ مصدر‬might ‫ \ مصدر‬could ‫مصدر‬
Advice ‫النصيحة‬ should = had better ‫ =مصدر‬If I were you.I..
Blaming‫اللوم‬ should have + P.P. shouldn't have +pp
Permission‫اذن‬ You can ‫ = مصدر‬You are allowed to ‫مصدر‬
EXERCISES
1. You apologize to a friend because you broke his camera.
I must apologize for breaking your camera
2. You have a guest, and you offer him a welcome drink.  Help yourself to the coffee
3. You don't know how to spell a word.  How could I spell this word?
4. Somebody asks you to be so careful on the road. Yes, you are right.
5. You visit your friend. He asks you "How do you like your tea?"
With little sugar, please
6. You want Hany to post a letter for you. Could you post this letter for me, please?
7. You order a little child not to play with matches. Never play with matches.
8. you meet someone who is unwell How are you feeling now?
9. You are angry when your friend has spilled water on your jacket.
Oh, No, it was new (you shouldn’t have done this)
10. You heard that your friend Rania is in hospital. I'm sorry to hear that bad news.
11. You offer to answer the phone for your father. Shall I answer the phone for you?
12. You arrange to meet a friend. Let’s meet at 5.
13. Your friend invites you to spend the weekend with him but you can't.
I wish I could but I’m busy.
14. You want to know something about remote sensing.
Could you tell me about something about remote sensing?
15. Your cousin thinks that computers are useful, you agree. I agree with you
16. You ask a friend to help you carry a heavy bag.
Could you help me carry this heavy bag?
17. You can't hear what the teacher is saying. Could you speak little louder, please?
18. Somebody wants to speak to your father, but your father isn't at home.
135
 I’m sorry, he is not in now
19. You ask your cousin, Ashraf, to have some tea at home.
May I invite you to have some tea with me at home?
20. A friend of yours invites you to his party, you refuse politely.
I wish I could but I’m busy
21. Your visit your uncle who is in hospital. I wish you speed recovery
22. You accept your friend's apology for losing your book. Never mind.
23. You warn your sister not to play with matches. Mind you don’t play with matches.
24. Your uncle advises you to obey your father. You accept. Yes, you are right
25. An old man can't cross the street. You offer to help him.
 Can I help you cross the street?
26. Your brother wastes his time watching television
You mustn’t waste your time watching television.
27. You ask a friend about the time. What is the time now?
28. You meet some tourists at the airport. You welcome them. Welcome to Egypt.
29. Samir thanked you for helping him to carry a heavy bag. Don’t mention it
30. You want to ask a policeman the way to the bank.
Could you tell me the way to the bank, please?
31. You apologize to your teacher for arriving late.  I’m sorry for being late.
32. You advise your friend who is very ill. You should see a doctor.
33. You want to book a room for 2 nights. Could I book a room for 2 nights?
34. You want to know when the next train to Cairo leaves.
 Could you tell me when the next train to Cairo leaves?
35. You friend, Samir, is going to travel abroad.
Good bye and don’t forget to keep in touch.
36. You aren't angry when your friend lost your pen. Never mind
37. You offer to clean your father's office. May I clean your office?
38. You ask your sister's opinion about a book. She has just read.
What do you think of this book?
39. Someone thinks that TV. is a waste of time . You disagree. I disagree with you
40. You meet an old friend who you haven't seen for a long time.
 How are you? I really miss you
41. You suggest a solution to the problem of pollution in Cairo.
We should use fewer private cars
42. you ask someone to wait on the phone Hold on, please
43. you want the teacher to repeat what he has said Could you repeat it again, please?
44. a salesman wants too much money for something
That’s too much can't you make it less.
45. You want your brother to join the university.
 It would be better if you join the university.
46. Your brother is taking an exam next week.
You must work hard and revise your lessons well.
47. Your friend came out of hospital. I am pleased because you are all right now.
48. Your sister saw a terrible dream. Do not be afraid.
49. Your brother s tooth is hurting. You must go to the dentist's.
50. Your pen friend is at the airport traveling to his country.
Your visit was a great honour
51. You bought a gold ring, but you discovered it was an imitation.
136
 I have been deceived.
52. Some visitors have come to visit you at home. You are welcome.
53. You ask your friend about the price of his new camera.
How much is your camera?
54. You warn your friend that he may fall off the ladder.
Be careful or you will fall off the ladder.
55. You see a little girl who is eating too much sweet. Mind you don’t eat too much sweet
56. The student next to you keeps talking during the lesson.  Keep quiet, please.
57. Your friend is driving his father’s although he does not have a licence
It is wrong to drive a car without having a licence.
58. Your friend Samy wants you to advise him about the best way to study Maths.
You should do a lot of mathematical problems.
59. Your friend Hatem bought a new camera and does not know how to operate it.
You should read the instructions book.
60. Your friend Hazem is in hospital. You are speaking to his doctor.
How is he now, doctor?
61. Your brother wants to buy a present for his friend and asks your opinion.
If I were you I would buy him a dictionary.
62. A friend of you wants to borrow some money from you, but you apologise.
I am sorry. I have not got money at this moment.
63. You want to know when your plane to London takes off.
Could you tell me when my plane to London takes off?
64. You are getting out of bed quickly because your alarm clock says 9 O'clock.
I must hurry, it's 9 O'clock.
65. It is raining heavily and everyone else in the street has an umbrella.
I wish I had an umbrella.
66. You politely interrupt‫ تقاطع‬someone to say something.
Excuse me, Could I just say something?
67. You regret not catching the bus because you didn't run quickly.
I wish I had caught the bus.
68. Your friend asks you how your lunch was. It was delicious.
69. You visit your friend then you want to leave. I must be getting home now.
70. your guest says " I must leave now " It's been very good to see you.
71. You saw some clouds in the sky. It may rain today.
72. You visit a friend on his birthday. Happy birthday to you.
73. You meet your friend on the first day of the year. Happy New Year
74. Your brother is watching TV, it's late at night. It's time to go to bed.
75. You see an accident on the road …….. Oh, that is terrible!
76. You are riding your friend's car .he is driving too fast. You must slow down
77. Your friend says "do you mind if I use your pen" you agree. No. not at all.
78. Your friend is sorry that you got low marks………. Well. Never mind.
79. your friend's uncle has an accident, you show sympathy
I'm so sorry to hear your bad news
80. you offer your friend some flowers These flowers are for you.
81. You want to express your opinion about the educational programmes.
They are very useful.
82. You blame your friend for coming late. You shouldn’t have come late.
83. You are annoyed when you see a boy who is going to swim in a canal.
137
 You shouldn’t do this , it’s dangerous.
84. Your neighbours are making a lot of noise you express your annoyance.
You must stop this right now.
85. Your friend wants to borrow your camera. You refuse politely.
I’m sorry, I need it my self.
86. You introduce your friend, Ramy, to your brother. This is my friend Ramy.
87. You are introduced to someone. Nice to meet you.
88. Someone has parked his car in a "No Parking" area.
It’s forbidden to park your car here.
89. You ask your father's permission to go to the cinema. Could I go to the cinema?
90. You refuse your friend's offer to help you with your homework  No, thanks
91. You object to your friend's idea to go swimming. That’s not a good idea.
92. Your friend asks you what you used to do when you were a child. I used to fly a kite.
93. You ask your father about what he used to do when he was young.
What did you use to do when you were young, dad?
94. A friend asks you where and when you were born.
I was born in Tanta on 7th May, 1975.
95. Your friend asks you what you predict about education in Egypt.
I think students will learn at home from computers and the internet.
96. You are guessing why a bad car accident happened in your street.
Perhaps the driver was driving at a very high speed.
97. Your sister asks you what'd happen if you had suddenly found a million pounds.
I’d buy a plane.
98. Your friend is fond of fizzy drinks. You must mind your health.
99. Your little brother wants to know what a referee does
A referee controls and organizes the match.
100-A friend asks you why we sometimes have stress. Because of daily life problems.

1- Someone says that space exploration is too expensive. You agree.

2- Someone says that computers are a bad thing. You do not have the same opinion.
3-One of your friends says he thinks walking in space would be very frightening. You think he's right.
4-You hear someone say that all astronauts are very rich. You know this is not true.
5- You want to know about a friend's energy-saving habits. What do you ask ?
6- You hear someone use a word you do not understand. The word is hydroelectric.
7- Someone asks you how you usually travel to school every day. How do you reply?
8- A friend asks for your opinion about modern novels.
9- Someone asks you what you were doing at six o'clock yesterday evening.
10- Someone asks you what you think the best thing is about short stories. Give your opinion.
11- A friend asks you what you used to read when you were five.
12-A friend asks for your advice about keeping fit. Advise him.
13- You want some advice from a friend about how you can eat more healthily. What do you ask?
14- A friend wants to meet new people, but he is very shy. Make a recommendation.
15- Ask your teacher for advice about how to do well in the next English test.
16- A friend asks you whether you would like to go somewhere together at the weekend.

138
17- The same friend does not want to go the beach, but suggests the swimming pool.
18- A friend suggests that you join a book club together. You do not want to join a book club, but you
would like to join a sports club.
19- The same friend suggests going to the cinema in your town tomorrow. You are not sure.
20- A friend is looking worried. You want to know why. What do you ask?
21- Someone asks if you had a good holiday. You enjoyed your holiday, but the weather was not very
good. This was a disappointment.
22- A friend asks what subject you would like to be better at.
23- Someone asks you about a school trip you went on. You learnt a lot, but you did not take as
many photos as you had planned to.
24- You would like to find out what music your friend likes. What do you ask?
25- A friend asks you what sort of music you enjoy.
26- You want to find out if your friend plays a musical instrument.
27- A friend asks you whether there is any sort of music you don’t like.
28- A friend asks you if you think people will read books in a hundred years time.
29- In a conversation, a friend uses the word gadgets. You do not understand the word.
30- A friend asks if you think people will have their own spaceships in 50 years.
31- A friend uses the words travel and journey in the same sentence. You do not understand the different
meanings of these two words.
32-An interviewer asks if you would work some evenings during the week.You would be
happy to do this.
33- You want to be able to contact a person you have just met, but you do not have their details.
34- Your friend is applying for a new job. This is a surprise and you ask him the reason.
35- You want to know whether someone you are interviewing can drive.
36- An educational adviser asks you what skills you would like to improve. You have never been very
good at maths.
37- Someone has asked you for educational advice. Find out what qualifications this person has.
38- A friend wants to go back to education, but cannot leave home to go to university. Suggest
a distance learning course.
39- A friend suggests that you do an evening course to improve your English.
40- Someone says they think magazines are a waste of money. Disagree, giving a reason.
41- A friend from England calls and asks about the weather. You see dark clouds in the sky.
42-One of your friends watched a football match on TV and found it boring.You have a different opinion.
43- You hear someone use a word you do not understand. The word is energy.
44- A foreign friend wants to know how to make tea the Egyptian way. Tell him/her what to do first.
45- Someone asks what you were doing at eight o'clock this morning.
46- A friend asks you what you think about TV news programmes.
47- A friend wants a job to help poor people. Advise him or her.
48- You do not understand why it goes dark at night. Ask someone to explain it.
49- A friend suggests that swimming is a good way to keep fit. State another way.
50- A friend suggests that you join a squash club together. Suggest something else.
51- Someone asks where your friend Ali is. You have not seen him for a long time. You are almost
certain he is on holiday.
52- Your brother looks worried. You want to know whether he has a problem.
53- Your mother was very busy yesterday. You regret not helping her.
54- An English friend asks you how you celebrate Sham El-Nessim.
55- You forgot to thank a friend for a present he/she gave you.
56- Your friend starts to cross a road when you see a car coming. Warn your friend.
139
57- Someone asks if you think people will still have cars in 50 years.
58- You hear the word magnet on the radio. Ask a friend what it means.
59- A friend asks you why you have such an expensive mobile phone. You have two reasons.
60- You are interviewing someone for a job. Find out about their qualifications and experience.
61- Your friend looks like he/she hasn't been sleeping for days. Advise him/her.
62- An interviewer has asked you why you have applied for a job in a particular company. Give a reason.
63- You do not understand what distance learning is. Ask a friend .
64-A friend asks you your opinion about the importance of the rainforests.
65- A friend who has never visited your country asks for your advice about places to see in Egypt.
66- Someone asks what you think about films which have been made from books.
67- A friend asks you what kind of books you enjoy reading.
68- Warn your friend who is about to cross the road, because there is a car coming very fast.
69- Your brother is not working hard enough at school. You think he will get very low marks. Warn him.
70- A friend asks you whether you would like to go somewhere together at the weekend.
‫المواقف لتى وردت فى االمتحانات‬
1] Respond to each of the following situations: 2011 ‫دور أول‬
1- Your younger brother is very busy. You would like to help him.
2- A classmate asks you why you enjoy playing sports. Name one reason.
3- Someone asks you the time of the next train to Aswan.
4- Your sister asks you your opinion about the importance of e-books.
1) Respond to each of the following situations: 2011 ‫دور ثانى‬
1- A tourist wants to visit some places of interest in Egypt.
2- A friend asks about your plans for the next holiday.
3- Your father wants to know your opinion about the TV serials.
4- The teacher asks Samia which language skill she would like to improve.
1. Respond to each of the following situations: ( (2012
1- A friend says: "You look very cheerful today." Tell him/her why.
2- A person is using his mobile while crossing the highway. Warn him.
3- Your cousin is going out with you in a small boat. Advise him to wear a lifejacket.
4- You are on a crowded train, and there's only one empty seat. What do you
ask the person sitting next to it?
1) Respond to each of the following situations: 2012 ‫)دور ثانى‬
1- Your brother is preparing to leave for the airport. Offer to give him a hand.
2- A friend is worried about an interview tomorrow. Suggest a way to
make him/her feel better
3- Your neighbour has been in hospital for a week. Express regret for
not visiting him/her.
4- You arrive late for an appointment with your manager. Apologise and
give a reason.
- Respond to each of the following situations:2012 ‫السودان‬
1- You do not understand why it goes dark at night. Ask someone to explain it.
2- A friend suggests that swimming is a good way to keep fit. State another way.
3- A friend suggests that you join a squash club together. Suggest something else.
4- Someone asks where your friend Ali is. You have not seen him for a long time.You are almost certain he
is on holiday.
1- Respond to each of the following situations:2013 ‫السودان‬
1- Your uncle thinks that logging on the internet is a waste of time. Disagree giving a reason.
2- A tourist wants to know the places of interest in Egypt.
3- Your neighbour thanked you because you carried his heavy bag.
4- Your friend suggests going to Al Fostat Park. Suggest somewhere else.
Respond to each of the following situations:
1-Your teacher asks you how you can save energy at home.
2-Your brother asks you why taking exercise is important.
3-Your mother is doing something in the kitchen. You offer to help her.

140
4-You've just finished reading 'The Old Man and the Sea". Recommend it to your sister.
5-You have been robbed. A policeman asks you what the thief was like.
6-Your teacher asks you about the importance of eating fresh food.
7-You are a guest at a friend's house. Your friend asks you what you'd like to start with.
8-Your sister asks you about the meaning of a word. You don't know the word. Give her some advice.
9-Your brother feels bored. Give him some advice.
10-Someone stepped on your toes on the train.
11-You want to park your car, but you don't know if parking is allowed in that area. You ask a policeman.
12-Your teacher asks you how Egypt can improve its economy.
13-A friend thinks that watching TV is a waste of time. You disagree, giving a reason.
14-Your brother is not studying his lessons well. Warn him
15-You have just arrived at a friend's house. The lights are on, but nobody answers the door. You make a
deduction.
16-You've missed something the teacher has just said in class. Make a polite request.
17-You are visiting a friend in hospital. What do you say to him/her?
18-You see a neighbour throw rubbish in the street. You give him a piece of advice.
19-You can't hear your friend's voice on the phone.
20-Your father tells you that he's going to get a pay rise.
21-You are introduced to someone you have never met before.
22-You meet someone on the first of January.
23-You ask someone the way to the train station.
24-It's your uncle's 20th wedding anniversary. What do you say to him?
25-You ask your brother to lend you some money.
26-Your sister tells you that the sky is cloudy and dark. You make a prediction.
27-It's stuffy in class. You ask one of your classmates to open the window.
28-Someone is trying to take photographs in a military area. What do you say to him?
29-You apologize to your teacher for not doing the homework, giving a good reason.
You and your cousin are planning to spend the evening out. You make a suggestion-30
2- A) The places and the Speakers
places Speakers
Clothes shop ‫محل مالبس‬ Salesperson ‫بائع‬ Customer ‫زبون‬
Shoe shop ‫محل أحذية‬ Salesperson ‫بائع‬ Customer ‫زبون‬
Toys shop ‫محل لعب‬ Salesperson ‫بائع‬ Customer ‫زبون‬
Camera shop ‫محل كاميرات‬ Salesperson ‫بائع‬ Customer ‫زبون‬
Coffee shop café ‫مقهى‬ Waiter ‫جرسون‬ Customer ‫زبون‬
Pet shop ‫محل الحيوانات االليفة‬ Assistant ‫بائع‬ Customer ‫زبون‬
House plant shop ‫بيع نباتات الزينة‬ Salesman ‫بائع‬ Customer ‫زبون‬
Butcher’s ‫محل جزارة‬ Butcher ‫جزار‬ Customer ‫زبون‬
Baker’s ‫المخبز‬ Salesperson ‫بائع‬ Customer ‫زبون‬
Grocer’s ‫محل بقالة‬ Grocer ‫بقال‬ Customer ‫زبون‬
Greengrocer’s‫محل الخضر و ا‬ Greengrocer ‫الخضرى‬ Customer ‫زبون‬
Fruit seller’s ‫محل بيع الفاكهة‬ Fruit seller ‫الفكهانى‬ Customer ‫زبون‬
Florist’s ‫محل بيع الزهور‬ Florist ‫بائع الزهور‬ Customer ‫زبون‬
Watchmaker’s ‫محل الساعات‬ Watchmaker ‫ساعاتى‬ Customer ‫زبون‬
Hairdresser’s ‫محل كوافير‬ Hairdresser ‫كوافير‬ Customer ‫زبون‬
Barber’s ‫صالون حالقة‬ Barber ‫حالق‬ Customer ‫زبون‬
Tailor’s ‫محل ترزى‬ Tailor ‫ترزى‬ Customer ‫زبون‬

141
Dressmaker’s ‫محل ترزى سيدات‬ Dressmaker ‫خياطة‬ Customer ‫زبون‬
Electrician’s ‫محل كهربائى‬ Electrician ‫كهربائى‬ Customer ‫زبون‬
Carpentry shop ‫محل نجارة‬ Carpenter ‫نجار‬ Customer ‫زبون‬
Library )‫ االستعارة‬/ ‫مكتبة(للقراءة‬ Librarian ‫أمين المكتبة‬ Student/ Reader‫طالب‬ ‫قارئ‬
Bookshop ‫مكتبة لبيع الكتب‬ Salesperson ‫بائع‬ Customer ‫زبون‬
Stationery shop ‫مكتبة لبيع األدوات‬ Assistant = salesman ‫بائع‬ Customer ‫زبون‬
Bank ‫بنك‬ Bank manager ‫مدير بنك‬ Businessman ‫رجل أعمال‬
Banker/bank clerk ‫موظف بنك‬ Client ‫عميل بنك‬
Exchange desk ‫مكتب صرافة‬ Exchanger ‫صراف‬ Client ‫عميل‬
Company / Firm ‫شركة‬ Receptionist ‫موظف استقبال‬ Businessman ‫رجل أعمال‬
secretary ‫سكرتيرة‬ Manager ‫مدير‬
Company ‫شركة‬ Employee ‫موظف‬ Applicant ‫متقدم لوظيفة‬
Office ‫مكتب‬ Interviewer ‫المحاور‬Boss‫رئيس‬ Interviewee ‫من تجرى معه ا‬
Classroom ‫فصل مدرسى‬ Teacher ‫معلم‬ Student ‫طالب‬
Science laboratory ‫معمل العلوم‬ Teacher ‫معلم‬ Student ‫طالب‬
University ‫جامعة‬ Employee ‫موظف‬ New student ‫طالب جديد‬
Laboratory ‫معمل‬ Researcher ‫باحث‬ Scientist ‫عالم‬
University lab ‫معمل بالجامعة‬ Professor ‫أستاذ جامعة‬ Researcher ‫باحث‬
Hotel ‫فندق‬ Hotel receptionist ‫موظف‬ Guest= resident ‫ نزيل‬Client
Factory ‫مصنع‬ Engineer ‫مهندس‬ Worker ‫عامل‬
Embassy ‫سفارة‬ Official ‫موظف‬ Applicant ‫متقدم بطلب‬
Museum ‫متحف‬ Visitor ‫زائر‬Tourist ‫سائح‬ Guide ‫ \ مرشد‬Security officer
‫أمن‬
Radio Studio ‫أستوديو اإلذاعة‬ Interviewer ‫محاور‬ Interviewee ‫من تجرى معه‬
Cinema ‫سينما‬ Cinema employee ‫موظف بالسينما‬ A member of the public ‫أحد‬
Theatre ‫مسرح‬ usher ‫مرشد الجمهور‬ ‫ الجمهور‬viewer = spectator
‫مشاهد‬
Restaurant ‫مطعم‬ Waiter ‫جرسون‬ Client ‫زبون‬
Lawyer’s ‫مكتب محامى‬ Lawyer ‫محامى‬ Client ‫زبون‬
Chemist’s/pharmacy ‫صيدلية‬ Chemist ‫صيدلى‬ Customer ‫زبون‬
Hospital ‫مستشفى‬ Doctor ‫ \طبيب‬Surgeon ‫جراح‬ Patient ‫ مريض‬Visitor ‫زائر‬
Doctor’s / Clinic ‫عيادة‬ Doctor ‫طبيب‬ Patient ‫مريض‬
Oculist’s ‫عيادة عيون‬ Oculist ‫طبيب عيون‬ Patient ‫مريض‬
Dentist’s ‫عيادة أسنان‬ Dentist ‫طبيب أسنان‬ Patient ‫مريض‬
Optician’s ‫محل‬ Optician ‫النظّارات ّي‬ Customer ‫زبون‬
‫نظارات‬
Garage Mechanic’s ‫ورشة سيارات‬ Mechanic ‫ميكانيكى‬ DriverCar owner‫صاحب‬
Aliens’ department ‫قسم مد األقامة‬ Official ‫موظف‬ Tourist ‫ سائح‬Foreigner‫أجنبى‬
Passport department ‫قسم الجوازات‬ Official ‫موظف‬ A member of the
public/citizen‫مواطن‬
Sinai desert ‫صحراء سيناء‬ Tour guide ‫مرشد سياحى‬ Tourist ‫سائح‬

142
Petrol (gas) station ‫محطة بنزين‬ Worker ‫عامل‬ Driver‫سائق‬Carowner ‫صاحب‬
‫سيارة‬
Police station ‫مركز شرطة‬ Officer ‫ضابط‬ Reporter ‫مبلغ‬
Railway station ‫محطة سكة حديد‬ Booking clerk ‫موظف حجز‬ traveller ‫ راكب‬Porter ‫شيال‬
Train ‫ \ قطار‬Bus ‫أتوبيس‬ Conductor ‫كمسارى‬ Passenger ‫راكب‬
Taxi ‫تاكسى‬ Taxi driver ‫سائق تاكسى‬ Passenger ‫راكب‬
Plane ‫طائرة‬ Air hostess ‫مضيفة جوية‬ Passenger ‫راكب‬
Check- in – desk ‫مكتب المراجعة‬ Check-in clerk ‫موظف تفتيش‬ Passenger ‫ \ مسافر‬Porter
Airport ‫مطار‬ Tourist‫سائح‬Businessman‫رجل أعمال‬ ‫شيال‬
Egyptian citizen ‫مواطن‬
Computer service centre ‫مركز‬ Computer technician ‫فنى‬ Customer ‫زبون‬
Zoo ‫حديقة حيوان‬ Visitor / vet / ‫طبيب بيطري‬ Friend/handler‫سايس‬/
Tourist place‫مكان سياحي‬ Guide‫مرشد‬ Visitor‫زائر‬
Opera house ‫دار األوبرا‬ Viewer ‫مشاهد‬ Booking clerk ‫موظف الحجز‬
Ticket office ‫مكتب تذاكر‬ Booking clerk ‫موظف الحجز‬ Customer \ traveller ‫زبون‬
Electronic company ‫إليكترونيات‬ Customer ‫زبون‬ Salesperson ‫بائع‬
Post office ‫مكتب بريد‬ Customer ‫زبون‬ Official ‫موظف‬
Court ‫محكمة‬ Judge ‫قاضى‬ Witness ‫شاهد‬
Exhibition ‫معرض‬ Visitor ‫زائر‬ Guard ‫حارس‬
Club ‫نادى‬ Member of the public ‫العامة‬ Receptionist ‫استقبال‬
Stadium ‫إستاد‬ Spectator ‫متفرج‬ Another spectator ‫متفرج‬
Beach ‫البالج‬ Host ‫ مضيف‬Hostess‫مضيفة‬ Guest ‫ ضيف‬Visitor ‫زائر‬
Home ‫منزل‬ Husband ‫زوج‬Mother ‫األم‬ Wife ‫ زوجة‬Daughter
Kitchen ‫مطبخ‬ Father ‫األب‬ ‫ابن‬Son ‫االبن‬
Party ‫حفلة‬ Host/Hostess ‫مضيفة‬ Guest ‫ضيف‬
Immigration department ‫الهجرة‬ Tourist ‫سائح‬ Official ‫موظف‬
Travel agency ‫وكالة \ مكتب سفر‬ Travel agent ‫وكيل سفر‬ Customer ‫زبون‬
Booking clerk ‫موظف الحجز‬ Traveler ‫مسافر‬
Airline office ‫مكتب شركة طيران‬ Ticket clerk ‫موظف تذاكر‬ Customer ‫زبون‬
Customs ‫الجمرك‬ Customs officer ‫ضابط جمرك‬ Passenger ‫راكب‬
Dry-cleaner's\Laundry’s ‫مغسلة‬ Customer ‫زبون‬ Assistant ‫المساعد‬
Jeweler's ‫محل جواهرجى‬ Jeweler ‫جواهرجى‬ Customer ‫زبون‬
Street ‫شارع‬ Policeman ‫رجل شرطة‬Tourist Passer-by ‫أحد المارة‬
Telephone ‫تليفون‬ Customer ‫زبون‬ Landlord ‫المالك‬
Swimming pool‫حمام سباحة‬ Pool attendant / trainee ‫متدرب‬ Instructor / Swimmer‫\ معلم‬
Church ‫كنيسة‬ Priest‫قسيس‬/‫كاهن‬ Prayer‫مصلي‬
Mosque‫مسجد‬ Imam / sheikh ‫ شيخ‬/ ‫امام‬ Prayer‫مصلي‬
Block ‫العمارة‬ Renter / tenant‫مستأجر‬ Landlord‫صاحب عقار‬
Playground/stadium‫ستاد‬/‫ملعب‬ Referee‫حكم‬ Player‫العب‬
Telephone switch‫السنترال‬ Operator‫عامل التليفون‬ Client‫عميل‬
Farm ‫مزرعة‬ Agronomist ‫مهندس زراعي‬ Farmer‫فالح‬

143
Fish market ‫سوق السمك‬ Fish seller‫بائع سمك‬ Buyer‫مشتري‬
Shoe-repair shop ‫محل صانع احذية‬ Shoemaker‫صانع احذية‬ Customer‫زبون‬
Plumber's ‫محل سباكة‬ Plumber‫سباك‬ Flat owner‫صاحب شقة‬
Accounting office ‫مكتب محاسبة‬ Accountant ‫محاسب‬ Tax-payer ‫دافع ضرائب‬
Multimedia lab ‫متعدد الوسائط‬ Teacher‫مدرس‬ Student‫طالب‬
Internet café ‫مركز نت‬ Assistant‫عامل‬ Customer‫زبون‬
Newsagent's ‫محل بيع صحف‬ Newsagent‫بائع الصحف‬ Customer‫زبون‬
Archaeological site ‫موقع سياحي‬ Tour guide ‫مرشد سياحي‬ Tourist‫سائح‬
Weather forecast ‫النشرة الجوية‬ Meteorological expert ‫ارصاد‬ Viewers ‫المشاهدين‬
Broker's ‫مكتب السمسار‬ Customer/tenant‫مستأجر‬/‫زبون‬ Broker‫سمسار‬
Morgue ‫المشرحة‬ Surgeon‫جراح‬ Doctor trainee‫طبيب متدرب‬
auto lubricant workshop ‫ تشحيم‬Attendant ‫القائم بالخدمة‬ Car owner‫صاحب السيارة‬
AutoParts Workshop ‫قطع غيار‬ Assistant ‫بائع‬ Car owner ‫صاحب السيارة‬
Auto exhibition ‫معرض سيارات‬ Manager‫مدير‬ Customer‫زبون‬
Orphanage ‫ملجأ‬ Manager‫مدير‬ Donor ‫متبرع‬
Bakery / baker's ‫مخبز‬ Baker‫خباز‬ Customer‫زبون‬
Computer shop ‫مكتب كومبيوتر‬ Computer programmer ‫مبرمج‬ Client ‫عميل‬
Building site ‫موقع بناء‬ Civil engineer ‫مهندس مدني‬ Worker ‫عامل‬
Engineering office ‫مكتب هندسي‬ Architect‫مهندس معماري‬ Client ‫عميل‬
Street ‫شارع‬ Beggar‫شحات‬ Passer-by ‫عابر سبيل‬
Information desk ‫مكتب استعالمات‬ Information clerk ‫استعالمات‬ Passenger ‫راكب‬
Customs-house ‫مكتب جمارك‬ Customs officer ‫ضابط جمارك‬ Traveller ‫مسافر‬
The club ‫النادي‬ Trainer ‫مدرب‬ Athlete ‫رياضي‬
Examination room ‫غرفة االمتحان‬ Student‫طالب‬ Teacher/supervisor ‫مشرف‬
Photo shop ‫محل تصوير‬ Photographer‫مصور‬ Customer‫زبون‬
The court‫المحكمة‬ Judge‫القاضي‬ Criminal‫مجرم‬
Telephone switch‫كابينة تليفون‬ Operator ‫عامل التشغيل‬ Client ‫زبون‬
Accounting office ‫مكتب محاسبة‬ Accountant‫محاسب‬ Tax payer ‫دافع الضريبة‬
Driving school ‫مدرسة قيادة‬ Instructor‫معلم‬ Driver‫سائق‬
Monastery ‫دير‬ Monk‫راهب‬ Prayer‫مصلي‬
Pastry ‫محل حلويات‬ Salesman‫بائع‬ Customer‫زبون‬
Nursery/kindergarten ‫حضانة‬ Baby sitter‫جليسة اطفال‬ Child/parents‫ والدين‬/ ‫طفل‬
Th beach ‫الشاطيء‬ Holiday maker‫القائم باالجازة‬ Tourist‫سائح‬
At the table ‫على السفرة‬ Mother/father‫ اب‬/ ‫ام‬ Daughter/son‫ ابن‬/ ‫ابنة‬
Music hall ‫قاعة للموسيقى‬ Musician‫موسيقي‬ Listener‫مستمع‬
Bread kiosk ‫كشك بيع خبز‬ Seller‫بائع‬ Customer‫زبون‬
Fir station ‫المطافي‬ Officer ‫ضابط‬ Fireman ‫رجل مطافي‬
Exchange office‫مكتب صرافة‬ Teller‫صراف‬ Client‫عميل‬
Multi media lab ‫معمل وسائط‬ Student ‫طالب‬ Teacher ‫مدرس‬

144
train station ‫محطة قطار‬ Porter ‫شيال‬ Passenger ‫راكب‬
Electronics' ‫محل الكترونيات‬ Salesman ‫بائع‬ Customer ‫عميل‬
Teachers' room ‫حجرةالمدرسين‬ A teacher ‫مدرس‬ Colleague ‫زميل‬
Art gallery ‫معرض فنون‬ Visitor ‫زائر‬ An artist ‫فنان‬
Embassy ‫سفارة‬ Official ‫موظف‬ An applicant ‫متقدم‬
Image center ‫مركز تصوير‬ Photographer ‫مصور‬ Customer ‫عميل‬
Beauty shop‫صالون تجميل‬ Beautician ‫مجمل‬ Lady ‫سيدة‬
House ‫بيت‬ Landlord / land lady‫صاحبةمنزل‬ Tenant ‫مستأجر‬
Kitchen ‫مطبخ‬ Mother ‫ام‬ Daughter ‫ابنه‬
Photoshop ‫محل تصوير‬ Cameraman ‫مصور‬ Customer ‫عميل‬
Movie location ‫موقع تصوير‬ Director ‫مخرج‬ Actor / actress ‫ ممثل‬/
Engineering office ‫مكتب هندسة‬ Architect ‫مهندس معماري‬ Client ‫عميل‬
Metro station ‫محطة المترو‬ Booking clerk ‫موظف حجز‬ Passenger ‫راكب‬
Mole ‫مول تجاري‬ Assistant ‫بائع‬ Customer ‫عميل زبون‬
Internet ‫االنترنت‬ Chatter ‫ المتحدث‬/ ‫السامر‬ Friend ‫الصديق‬
Insurance company ‫شركة تأمين‬ Clerk ‫موظف‬ Customer ‫عميل‬
Orphanage ‫دار أيتام‬ Manager ‫مدير‬ Donor ‫متبرع‬
Agricultural society ‫جمعية زراعية‬ Agricultural engineer ‫ زراعي‬/‫م‬ Farmer ‫فالح‬
Broker's ‫مكتب سمسرة‬ Broker ‫سمسار‬ Customer /tenant‫مستأجر‬
weather forecast ‫النشرة الجوية‬ Meteorological expert‫ارصاد‬ Viewers ‫مشاهدين‬
Wedding reception ‫صالة افراح‬ Waiter‫جرسون‬ Guest ‫ضيف‬
Furniture shop ‫محل اثاث‬ Assistant ‫بائع‬ Customer ‫زبون‬
Service center ‫مركز صيانة‬ Technician ‫عامل فني‬ Client ‫عميل‬
Telegram office ‫مكتب تلغراف‬ Office clerk ‫موظف المكتب‬ Member of the public ‫احد‬
‫العامة‬
Tahrir Squar ‫ميدان التحرير‬ Corespondant -Reporter‫مراسل‬ A demonstrator ‫متظاهر‬
Ambulance ‫اسعاف‬ Paramedic‫مسعف‬ Patient‫مريض‬
2- B) The Functions
Introducing people ‫تفديم الناس‬ Persuading ‫االقناع‬
Introducing yourself ‫تقديم نفسك‬ Expressing admiration ‫التعبير عن االعجاب‬
Greetings ‫التحيات‬ Expressing worry ‫التعبير عن القلق‬
Seeing someone off ‫توديع شخص‬ Reminding ‫التذكير‬
Making a request ‫عمل طلب‬ Stating possibility ‫التعبير عن االحتمالية‬
Making an invitation ‫عمل دعوة‬ Deducing ‫االستنتاج‬
Making a suggestion ‫عمل اقتراح‬ Predicting ‫التنبؤ‬
Warning ‫التحذير‬ Reassuring ‫التأكيد‬
Offering help ‫عرض المساعدة‬ Forgiving ‫ العفو‬/ ‫التسامح‬
Asking for an opinion ‫طلب رأي‬ Well – wishing ‫االمنية الجيدة‬
Giving opinion ‫ اعطاء رأي‬/ ‫ابدا ء‬ Showing no care ‫بيان عدم االهتمام‬
Ensuring ‫التأكيد‬
145
Agreeing with an opinion ‫الموافقة علي رأي‬ Giving direction ‫اعطاء اتجاهات‬
Wishes ‫االمنية‬ Giving a reason ‫اعطاء سبب أو مبرر‬
Congratulation ‫التهنئة‬ Greeting warmly ‫التحية بدفء‬
Giving Advice ‫اعطاء نصيحة‬ Ask and answer questions ‫سؤال و اجابة اسئلة‬
Accepting advice ‫قبول النصيحة‬ Request / offer help ‫طلب او عرض مساعدة‬
Refusing advice ‫رفض النصيحة‬ Giving instructions ‫اعطاء تعليمات‬
Blaming someone ‫اللوم علي شخص‬ Stating preference ‫التعبير عن ما نفضل‬
Permission ‫االذن‬ Contrasting ideas ‫افكار متناقضة‬
Making an apology ‫عمل اعتذار‬ Demanding explanations ‫طلب ايضاح‬
Asking about the way ‫السؤال عن الطريق‬ Saying you don't know ‫القول بأننا ال نعرف‬
Regret ‫الندم‬ Rejecting something ‫رفض شئ‬
Asking for instructions ‫طلب تعليمات‬ Justifying your opinion ‫تبرير الرأي‬
Certainty ‫التأكد‬ Guessing ‫التخمين‬
Uncertainty ‫عدم التأكد‬ Asking for information ‫طلب معلومات‬
Making recommendations ‫ تذكية‬/ ‫عمل توصية‬ Making complaints ‫عمل شكوة‬
Asking for information ‫طلب معلومات‬ Approval ‫استحسان‬
Thanking ‫الشكر‬ Late advise ‫النصيحة في الماضي‬
Expressing gratitude ‫التعبير عن العرفان‬ Concession ‫تنازل‬
Inquiring ‫االستفسار‬ Giving classification ‫اعطاء تصنيف‬
Polite remark ‫عبارة مهذبة‬ Showing responsibility ‫ابداء مسئولية‬
Expressing fear ‫التعبير عن الخوف‬ Probability ‫االحتمالية‬
Expressing surprise ‫التعبير عن الدهشة‬ Release from blame ‫االعفاء من اللوم‬
Expressing hope ‫التعبير عن االمل‬ Intention ‫النية‬
Expressing anger ‫التعبير عن الغضب‬ Anxiety ‫القلق‬
Expressing pleasure ‫التعبير عن السرور‬ Giving Orders ‫اعطاء أوامر‬
Expressing displeasure ‫عدم السرور‬ Liking & disliking ‫الحب & الكراهية‬
Expressing satisfaction ‫التعبير عن الرضا‬ Presenting ‫تقديم شئ‬
Expressing sympathy ‫التعبير عن المواساة‬ On the phone ‫علي التليفون‬
Suspecting / doubt ‫الشك‬ Indifference ‫عدم االكتراث‬
Prediction ‫التنبؤ‬ Meeting people after a long ‫مقابلة الناس بعد فترة طويلة‬
Encouragement ‫التشجيع‬ time
Exclamation ! ‫التعجب‬ Meeting people for the first ‫مقابلة الناس الول مرة‬
Reply / response ‫الرد‬ time
Saying goodbye ‫الوداع‬ Declining ‫الرفض‬
Agreeing strongly ‫الموافقة بقوة‬ Advising ‫النصيحة‬
Disagreeing strongly ‫عدم الموافقة بقوة‬ Showing liking /disliking ‫التعبير عن حب \ عدم حب‬
Wanting ‫الرغبة‬ Expressing
‫ال‬ complement ‫التعبير عن المجاملة‬
Disappointment `` ‫ خيبة االمل‬/ ‫االحباط‬

‫االسئلة التى وردت فى االمتحانات السابقة‬

146
 2) speakers and the language function in each of the following two mini-dialogues:2011 ‫دور اول‬
1- A: Well, your application has been accepted.
B: Wow! That's great! When can I start?
A: Next Sunday. You'll be working at the Garden City branch.
Place:……… SpeakerA:…… Speaker :…… Function :…….
2- A: I'd like to deposit this sum, please.
B: Sure. Just fill in this form.
Place:……… SpeakerA:…… Speaker :…… Function :…….
2-Mention the place, the speakers and the language function in each of the following two mini-
dialogues: 2011 ‫دور ثانى‬
1- A: What do you think this word means?
B: Generous?
A: Well done.
Place:……… SpeakerA:…… Speaker :…… Function :…….
2- A: How much is this cream?
B: Only LE. 12.
A: Here you are. How often should I use it?
B: Once before bedtime and once more in the morning.
Place:……… SpeakerA:…… Speaker :…… Function :…….
2. Mention the place, the speakers and the language function in [2012 ]
A: I'd like to try on some rings, please.
B: Do you prefer gold or diamond rings?
A: Let me see the gold collection.
Place:……… SpeakerA:…… Speaker :…… Function :…….
2- A: Why are you getting out of water so quickly?
B: The waves are getting higher and higher.
Place:……… SpeakerA:…… Speaker :…… Function :…….
Say where each of the following mini-dialogues takes place and who the speakers are: 2012 ‫دور ثانى‬

1- A: I'm tired of just sitting here!

B: Relax. The flight will depart within 40 minutes.
Place:……… SpeakerA:…… Speaker :…… Function :…….
2- A: What do you think of the essay I wrote?
B: The first draft was not well-written.
A: What about the second draft?
B: It's much better.
Place:……… SpeakerA:…… Speaker :…… Function :…….
Say where each of the following mini-dialogues takes place and who the speakers are: 2012 ‫السودان‬
1- A: Excuse me, sir. The captain has asked everyone
to return to their seats.
B: Does that mean we are going to land soon?
A: Yes, in about 15 minutes.
Place:……… SpeakerA:…… Speaker :…… Function :…….
1- A: Have you seen Ahmed?
B: No, sir. He was at his desk on the phone
a few minutes ago.
A: Isn't he there now?
B: No, maybe he has gone home already.
A: He can not have gone home.
He's preparing a report for me.
Place:……… SpeakerA:…… Speaker :…… Function :…….

147
) Mention the place, the speakers and the language function :2013 ‫السودان‬
1- A: Look at this chart. Place : …………………
Can you see A & B? Speake A : …………………
B: No, I can't. Speaker B : …………………
A: You need a pair of glasses Function : …………………
for reading.
2- A: Do you have anything to declare? Place : …………………
B: I have some gifts for my relatives. Speaker A : …………………
A: Please open your case. Speaker B : …………………
B: Ok, sir.
Now Test Yourself
2- Mention the place, the speakers and the language function:
1. A: Good morning. Can I help you?
B: Yes, it's my father's birthday soon. I'd like to buy him a book about space travel.
A: These two are very popular. This one is ten pounds and this is five pounds.
B: Could I have the one that's five pounds, please?
P:………… SA:………………… SB:……………………… F:………………………
2. A: Can you turn the television on for me, please, Ali?
B: OK, Mum. What's on?
A: The Olympic Games. It's gymnastics this afternoon.
B: Really? I'd like to watch that, too.
P:………… SA:………………… SB:……………………… F:………………………
3. A: Excuse me. Do you speak English?
B: Yes, I do. How can I help you?
A: Could you tell me the way to the Cairo Tower, please?
B: Yes. Cross the road here, take the first road on the right, and the tower is at the end of that road.
P:………… SA:………………… SB:……………………… F:………………………
4. A: We have to give our English homework in today.
B: I know, but I don’t know where my book is.
A: Isn’t it in your school bag? B: No, I think I must have left it at home.
P:………… SA:………………… SB:……………………… F:………………………
5. A: Good morning. Please sit down. Thank you for your application and CV. Could you tell me a little
more about the
work you are doing at the moment?
B: Yes, I work full-time as a sales assistant at a supermarket in town, but I’m also training to be an
accountant.
P:………… SA:………………… SB:……………………… F:………………………
6. A: Hello and welcome to the History Department. My name’s Hilary Benson. Before we start the BA
course, are there
any questions?
B: Yes. I’d like to know whether there’s a list of books for this course.
A: Yes, there is. I’ll give you all one at the end of today’s session.
B: Thank you very much.
P:………… SA:………………… SB:……………………… F:………………………
7. A- The teachers are doing their best and need a salary increase .
B- The budget is limited .
P:………… SA:………………… SB:……………………… F:………………………
8. A- What`s the matter with you ?
B- I have a very bad cold and I can`t sleep .
P:………… SA:………………… SB:……………………… F:………………………
9. A: So how do you see the protestors at Al- Tahrir Square now?

148
 B: The situation here is dramatic. There are People charged into the square on horses and camels.
P:………… SA:………………… SB:……………………… F:………………………
10. A-May I see your ticket, please?
B- Here you are.
A-Seat 20A. The first row.
B- Thank you.. What time does the film start?
A: At 6.30
P:………… SA:………………… SB:……………………… F:………………………
11. A- I'd like to deposit 20,000 pounds into my account, please.
B-Ok. First fill in this form.
P:………… SA:………………… SB:……………………… F:………………………
12. A- Excuse me. W hat are you doing here?
B- I came to this square to demonstrate.
A- For What?
B- For more freedom.
P:………… SA:………………… SB:……………………… F:………………………
13. A: What do you think of this statue?
B: Really. great.
A: This is why we should protect our heritage
B: That’s right.
P:………… SA:………………… SB:……………………… F:………………………
14. A: And how did you feel when you were awarded the Nobel prize?
B: I was proud of myself and my country.
A: That’s all we have time for. Thanks a lot.
P:………… SA:………………… SB:……………………… F:………………………
15. A: Good morning, Mr Mohamed. Please sit down. First of all, could you tell me why you are interested
in working for us?
B: Well, I’ve done this kind of work before and I have always enjoyed working with people.
P:………… SA:………………… SB:……………………… F:………………………
16. A: That shirt is 50 pounds, sir.
B: Can I pay by credit card?
A: Yes, certainly.
P:………… SA:………………… SB:……………………… F:………………………
17. A: Hello. I’d like to join, please. I’m particularly interested in basketball and football.
B: Do you have any friends who already belong here?
A: Yes, three or four of my school friends are members.
B: OK. Could you tell me your name and age, please?
P:………… SA:………………… SB:……………………… F:………………………
18. A: Good afternoon. Welcome to Radio 9 and today’s World of Science.
B: Thanks. It’s good to be here.
A: I wonder if you could introduce today’s subject to our listeners?
B: Well, I’m going to talk about the research I’ve been doing recently.
P:………… SA:………………… SB:……………………… F:………………………
19. A: For homework, please do Exercises A and B on page 20.
B: Could you repeat that, please?
A: Certainly. Do exercises A and B on page 20.
P:………… SA:………………… SB:……………………… F:………………………
20. A: How would you like to pay for it, sir?
B: By credit card, please.
A: That’s fine, sir. Shall I put it in a bag for you?
B: No, thank you. It’s starting to rain, so I think I’ll wear it now.
P:………… SA:………………… SB:……………………… F:………………………
21. A: I’m sure our listeners would like to hear how you first became interested in heart surgery.
B: Well, my father was a surgeon so I grew up watching him save people’s lives. But I really became
interested in heart surgery when my aunt died of a heart problem.
149
 A: And why do you continue to work today, even though you can take lots of time off?
B: Well, I believe that I can really make a difference in people’s lives.
A: Well, that’s all we have time for. Thank you very much, Professor.
P:………… SA:………………… SB:……………………… F:………………………
22. A: How long have you been feeling unwell?
B: Since Thursday.
A: I see. Well, you need to go to bed, keep warm and rest for a few days. Take one of these tablets three
times a day.
B: Thank you.
P:………… SA:………………… SB:……………………… F:………………………
23. A: Helwan, please.
B: Certainly, sir. But it will take a long time.
A: Yes, I understand.
B: (after an hour) Here we are, sir. That will be twenty pounds.
A: Thank you. Here you are.
P:………… SA:………………… SB:……………………… F:………………………
24. A: Welcome to this famous Egyptian site. It was built by Salah El Din Al Ayyoubi.
B: When was it built?
A: It was built in 1176. It was built to protect Cairo from enemies.
B: It’s amazing!
P:………… SA:………………… SB:……………………… F:………………………
25. A: Could you tell me what our homework is, please?
B: You have to finish the exercise we started in class today.
A: Thank you. When do you want to see it?
B: I need it on Thursday, please.
P:………… SA:………………… SB:……………………… F:………………………
26. A: When exactly do you want to travel?
B: I have to leave on June 17. I’d like two tickets, please.
A: OK, there’s a flight at 14.55 on the seventeenth.
P:………… SA:………………… SB:……………………… F:………………………
27. A: You’re working very hard this evening, Ali.
B: Yes, I’ve got an important test tomorrow.
A: Well, don’t go to bed too late. You don’t want to be tired for your test.
P:………… SA:………………… SB:……………………… F:………………………
28. A: We learned about giant pandas at school last year; do you remember?
B: Yes, but I don’t really like seeing them in cages like this. It’s not easy to see them in China though, is
it?
P:………… SA:………………… SB:……………………… F:………………………
29. A: Passport and tickets, please.
B: Here you are.
A: Window or aisle seat?
B: Window seat, please.
A: Thank you. I’ve given you a window seat, 24A. Here’s your boarding card. Boarding will be at 10
o’clock from Gate 17.
P:………… SA:………………… SB:……………………… F:………………………
30. A: Which tooth seems to have a problem?
B: The one at the front left. It always hurts when I chew on it.
A: Right. Would you open your mouth, please. Yes, it seems you have a slight problem, but I can fix it
right away.
P:………… SA:………………… SB:……………………… F:………………………
31. A: May I take your order, sir?
B: Yes, I’ll have fish, please.
A: How would you like it, sir?
B: Fried, please.
A: Certainly, sir. Any vegetables?
150
P:………… SA:………………… SB:……………………… F:………………………
32. A: May I have your attention, please? I hope you are enjoying the beautiful view of the Sinai desert. We
will soon be
arriving at the monastery of St. Catherine.
B: When was the monastery built?
A: It was built in the sixth century by the Roman Emperor Justinian.
B: Thank you.
P:………… SA:………………… SB:……………………… F:………………………
33. A: Your tickets, please, sir.\o651
B: Here you are. What time do we arrive at Banha?
A: In half an hour or so.
B: Will we stop at Tanta ?
A: No. We are going straight to Alexandria after that.
P:………… SA:………………… SB:……………………… F:………………………
34. A: Thank you for rescuing me. I could have died.
B: You’re going to be OK. This oxygen mask will help you breathe.
A: Where are we going?
B: We’re on our way to Kasr Al Aini Hospital. The doctors will take care of you there.
P:………… SA:………………… SB:……………………… F:…………………………..
2-MENTION THE PLACES, SPEAKERS AND FUNCTIONS
1 – A: So, John, could you tell our listeners how you started?
B: Certainly. It was when I was seven. I won first prize in a poetry competition.
When I was a student, some of my stories were published in a university magazine.
A:And now it's your full-time job?
B: That's right. My second novel was published last year.
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :………
2- A:Could you help me carry the shopping into the house, please, Aisha?
B:OK, Mum. Where shall I put it?
A: Just put the bags on the kitchen floor for the moment
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….
3- A: At last we’re here. What time does our flight leave, Dad?
B: At midday. We’ve still got lots of time.
A: Are you sure we have everything we need?
B: Yes, I’m sure. Please stop worrying, Ali!
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :………
4- A: So, for your homework, I want you all to make a list of all the plants growing in
your neighbourhood.
B: Shall we just write the names of the plants?
A: No, write the names and a short description.
B: When is the homework for?
A:Next Thursday, please .
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :………
5– A : Excuse me sir the captain has asked everyone to return to seats.
B : Are we going to land soon?
A : Yes , in about 15 minutes.
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….
6– A : I would like to book a return ticket to Aswan.
B : Here you are platform No. 5 .
A : Thanks.
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….

151
7 – A : I have a severe headache what should I do now?
B : Take this medicine, regularly and have some rest.
A : Thank you.
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….
8 – A : I would like to deposit 20,000 pounds into mu account.
B : Ok , fill in this form, please.
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….
9 – A : Excuse me , what are you doing here?
B : I am here to demonstrate.
A : What for ?
B : freedom , social justice and equality.
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….
10 – A : Well, your application has been successful.
B : Good when do I start?
A : Next month in our branch in Cairo.
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….
11 – A : Do you remember what happened?
B : No , I just remember walking in the street.
A : You have to stay until we have check on you.
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….
12- A : Is there anything I can do to help, Miss Salma?
B : Could you give these books back to the class after break?
A : Yes, of course. Is that the homework we did last week?
B : Yes, that's right. Your homework was very good.
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….
13- A : Excuse me. I need to find out about modern farming in Egypt for a university project.
B : All the information on agriculture is on the second floor. Place:
A : Thank you. Can I take any of the books out?
B : Yes. Just bring them to the desk near the entrance.
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….
14- A : Could you tell us why you would like to study here?
B: Your Biology Department has a very good reputation.
A: And if we accept you, what do you hope to do when you graduate?
B: Well, I'd like to work for a food company.
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….
15- A :Are you in your first year?
B: Yes. I'm studying English. but it's only my third week.
A : My parents would like me to apply here. Would you recommend it?
B: Yes, definitely.
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….
16- A : Well, your application has been successful.
B: That's great when do I start? ,
A : At the beginning of next month. You'll be working at our Cairo branch.
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….
17- A: Excuse me, sir. The captain has asked everyone to return to their seats.
B: Does that mean we are going to land soon?
A: Yes, in about 15 minutes.

152
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….
18- A: Have you seen Tarek?
B: No, sir. He was at his desk on the phone a few minutes ago.
A: Isn't he there now?
B: No, maybe he's gone home already...
A: He can't have gone home. He's preparing a report me.
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….
19- A: Please fasten your seat belt, sir.
B: O.k. Can I have a drink, please?
A: Sorry sir, you'll have to wait until we talk off.
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….
20- A:- Keep silent, please. You shouldn't Make any noise here. The people here need
a concentration during reading.
B: I'm awfully sorry, sir.
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….
21- A:can I book a room for next Monday night?
B:Yes, Certainly. Single or double, sir?
A:Single, please.
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….
22- A: How can I help you?
B: I'd like a pair of shoes.
A: What size?
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….
23- A: Excuse me. I'd like to send this letter by Express Nail, please.
B: Where to?
A: London.
B: You have to pay L.E. 32.
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….
24- A: Show me the names of customers who phoned.
B: Here they are.
A: O.K. type this letter and send it now.
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….
25- A: Please, have a look at our pamphlet. Which tour do you prefer?
A:I recommend Sharm El Sheikh.
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….

‫تمارين أخرى لزيادة التدريب‬

1- A: May I take your order, sir? B: Yes, I'll have steak, please.
A: How would you like it, sir? B: Well done, please A: Certainly, sir.
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….

2- A: How do you want the beef-steak, sir, medium or well-done?

B: Well-done, please.
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….

3- A: What can I get for you?

B: I prefer fish and watermelon as a dessert
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….
153
4- A: Our teacher asked us to read about pollution. Can you advise me about the best book to read?
B: There are five books on that shelf on your right. A: I think the first one is the best.
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….

5- A: Can I help you, madam? B: Yes, it's my car. It suddenly broke down.
A: Where is it now? B: About fifty metres from here. What about coming with me?
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….

6- A: Relax on this couch and try to think about your past life.
B: I remember that I had a miserable childhood. I used to cry much; I hated to be left alone.
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….

7- A: I'm fascinated by chemistry.

B: That's good. You can join our research team in the field of bacteriology.
A: Alright. Thanks for your advice.
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….

8- A: Open your English books, please. B: Which page, sir? A: Page55.

Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….

9- A: Can I get some information about restaurants where I can have my meals?
B: Certainly sir. What kind of restaurants? A: Not expensive ones, but not cheap either.
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….

10- A: I'd like to withdraw 100 LE from my account no: 611.

B: Please fill in this form with your authorized signature.
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….

11- A: Good morning. Can I help you?

B: Yes, please. I want two tins of sardines, one kilo of rice and a packet of butter.
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….

12- A: Keep your eyes focused on me and smile. B: Can we take another shot. I'm sure I
blinked.
A: Of course, we can.
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….

13- A: My ankle hurts me much. B: What happened?

A: It was twisted while I was playing football. B: Please lie on this bed. I think it needs an x-ray
examination.
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….

14- A: Hello. I'd like to speak to the principal, please.

B: I'm sorry. The principal is busy now. Can I take your message?
A: My son won't be able to come to school today.
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….

15- A: .... and when I got home, I found it too small. B: When did you buy it?
A: Two months ago.
B: Oh, no, we have a rule that all shirts must be brought within two weeks if you want to change them.
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….

154
16- A: To day, we are going to find out whether oil dissolves in water. This is our first experiment.
B: Excuse me, sir. Shall we heat the mixture?
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….

17- A: Have you anything to declare?

B: Only my personal belongings and some gifts.
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….

18- A: I can't give you permission to leave today. B: Why not? I feel well now.
A: I'm sorry your temperature is still high.
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….

19- A: Excuse me, Miss. What time will we reach London Airport, please?
B: After ten minutes. Please, fasten your seat belt.
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….

20- A: How lovely they are! Please give me one bunch of roses.
B: of course, sir. 20 pounds.
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….

21- A: How would you like your hair to be?

B: Don't make it too short, only trimming.
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….

22- A: Could you carry these bags to my car, please? It's outside the airport.
B: I certainly will. Welcome to Cairo, sir.
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….

23- A: Do you mind if I smoke, doctor?

B: Yes, smoking is not allowed here. In hospitals smoking is dangerous to patients and to you too.
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….

24- A: Have you understood the new lesson? B: Yes, thank you. It is clear.
A: The bell rang so you can leave now. B: Thank you.
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….

25- A: I do hope you get well again. I think it was a bad accident, but doctors and nurses here are doing their
best.
B: Thank you for your kind visit. I do feel well now.
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….

26- A: I didn't find my briefcase when I returned to my room.

B: We found a briefcase in the hotel restaurant. I think it is yours. Here it is.
A: Thanks.
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….

27- A: I want to buy a new blouse. Could you give me advice about the latest fashion?
B: With pleasure. Floral blouses are now the latest fashion. The colour red is the most fashionable.
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….

155
28- A: A car hit mine and broke its door. B: Have you got the number of the car?
A: Taxi 37645. B: O.K. We'll find the taxi-driver.
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….

29- A: Excuse me, what time is the next train?

B: 8.30, platform 5. A: Thank you.
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….

30- A: Would you bring me the bill, please.

B: Of course. One cup of tea and two cheese sandwiches. This makes six pounds.
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….

31- A: I'd like some envelopes and a bottle of blue ink

B: O.K. Here you are. That will be five pounds.
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….

32- A: First of all, you switch on the ignition key. B: Ignition key, you said. What next?
A: Adjust the mirror and press the accelerator.
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….

33- A: What size and colour do you take? B: Forty. I want them black with high heels.
A: Please try these on.
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….

34- A: Good morning. Can I help you?

B: Good morning. I've an appointment with the director concerning the vacant job.
A: Yes, he is expecting you.
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….

35- A: Try to avoid his left direct blows. Remember this is the six round. You are doing well.
B: I'll be careful. I'll do my best to win.
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….

36- A: Oh! What a lovely statue! Which statue is it? B: Tot AnkhAmoun. It is made of pure gold.
A: Can I have a photo of it? B: No, Sir, this is not allowed.
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….

37- A: This little monkey is cute. Can I feed it, Grandpa?

B: Of course not. It may hurt you.
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….

38- A: Can you take me quickly to the airport, please?

B: I'll do my best, sir. What time is your plane?
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….

39- A: You are not in your best form. I can't risk making you play this match.
B: Give me this chance, please. I'm sure I won't let you down this time.
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….

40- A: I swear. I'll say the truth. B: Do you know this man behind the bars?
A: Yes. I saw him stabbing my neighbour with a knife
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….

156
41- A: Would you describe your bag, please? B: It's big and brown.
A: Where did you lose it? B: In the Express Train coming from Alexandria.
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….

42- A: Show me your driving license, please. B: Here you are.

A: You have to pay a fine. You are not fastening your seat belt.
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….

43- A: The goal you scored was wonderful. B: Thank you

A: Can I ask you some questions? I'll write about you in the Sports Magazine tomorrow
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….

44- A: Let me see your ticket, please. B: Here you are.

A: Your seat is in the front, second row.
B: Thank you. When will the play start?
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….

45- A: I'm enjoying it very much, Mummy.The acrobats and the clowns are very funny.
B: I'm glad you like it. We'll come again next weekend.
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….

46- A: Hello is this 5235761? B: Yes. Can I help you?

A: I want to inquire about the flat. Is it still available?
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….

47- A: Is this 74003577 I'm calling about the flat for rent, advertised in Al-Ahram today. Is it still available?
B: Yes, you can come and see it at any time from 6 p.m. to 9 p.m.
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….

48- A: Do you like your tea with milk and sugar?

B: Yes, but quickly, please.
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….

49- A: Is this the right bus to Heliopolis?

B: Yes, just sit down, and I'll tell you to get off at the right stop.
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….

50- A: Could you get me to Cairo University by ten thirty? I'm very late.
B: Yes, of course. I'll do my best although the road is too crowded.
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….

‫تمارين أخرى لزيادة التدريب‬

1. A: On which platform is the train to Aswan? B: Platform No.5 .
A: May you help me with my bags? . B: With pleasure.
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….

2. A: How do you like this T-shirt? B: It's lovely but I'd rather have it white.
A: Red is fashion now. B: But I can not stand it.
A: All right. I'll bring you a white one.
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….

3. A: It's good that you have got a mobile phone with you. Let's phone the police
about the diver. B: Yes, he pit the old man and ran away.

157
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….

4. A: Excuse me, I'm looking for some information about the world for my English class.
B: There are some books about festivals in the cultural section over there.
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….

5. A: I C0me from England. B: Are you coming for work?

A: Yes, I have some work near Siwa. B. I hope you enjoy your stay.
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….

6. A: I'll bring my tools and come to your house to fix the pump.
B: Thanks a lot, I'll be waiting.
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….

7. A: I got to grips with instructions for the new video player.

B: I'm sure; you would be very pleased as you use our products.
A: Thanks a lot for your help.
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….

8. A: Can I buy couples of coloured birds?

B: Of course, after you fill in a form and pay the price
A: Where? B: At the zoo manager's office on your left.
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….

9-A: I'd like to deposit L.E 2.000 to my saving account, please.

B: With pleasure, but first fill in this form. A: Ok.
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….

10. A: Where have you been all this time?

B: I accompanied my father to Siwa where he works.
A: What is his job? B: He is an archaeologist.
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….

11. A: I'd like to change some money, please.

B: Here you are, Cash or travellers cheques? A: Travellers cheques.
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….

12. A: I want to buy a new blouse. May you give me advice about the latest fashion?
B: With pleasure. Floral blouses are now the latest fashion.
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….

13 - A : Could you tell me what our homework is, please?

B : You have to finish the exercise we started in class today.
A : Thank you. When do you want to see it? B : I need it on "Thursday, please.
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….

14- A ; When exactly do you want to travel?

B : I have to leave on June 17. I'd like two tickets, please.
A : OK, there's a flight at 14.55 on the seventeenth.
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….

15 - A : You're working very hard this evening, Alt.

B : Yes, I've got an important test tomorrow.

158
A ; Well, don't go to bed too late. You don't want to be tired for your test.
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….

16- A : We learned about giant pandas at school last year; do you remember?
B : Yes, but I don't really like seeing them n cages like this.
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….

I7 - A ; Passport and tickets, please, B : Here you are

A : Window or aisle seat? B : Window seat, please
A ; Thank you. I've given you a window seat, 24A. Here's your oarding card. Boarding will be at 10 o'clock
from Gate 17
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….

18- A : Which tooth seems to have a problem?

B : The one at the front left. It always urts when I chew on it.
A : Right. Would you open your mouth, lease? Yes, it seems you have a slight problem, but I can fix it right
away.
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….

19) A : May I have your attention, please? I hope you are enjoying the beautiful view of the Sinai desert.
We will soon be arriving at he monastery of St Catherine.
B : When was the monastery built?
A : It was built in the sixth century by he Roman Emperor Justinian.
B : Thank you.
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….

20. A: What can I get for you?

B: I prefer fish and watermelon as a dessert.
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….

21. A: Our teacher asks us to read about pollution. Can you advise me about the book to read?
B: There are five books on that shelf on your right. I think the first one is the best.
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….

22. A: Can I help you, madam? B: Yes. My car suddenly broke down.
A: Where is it now? B: About fifty meters from here.
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….

23. A: A car hit mine and broke its door. B: Have you got the number of the car?
A: A taxi 33333. B. Ok. We will find the taxi-driver.
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….

24. A: I'm fascinated by chemistry.

B: That's good. You can join our research team in the field of bacteriology.
A: Alright. Thanks for your advice.
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….

25. A: Silence, please. He has just been operated on.

B: I'm awfully sorry.
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….

26. A: I'd like to have a cup of coffee. B: How do you like it?
A: With little sugar, please.

159
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….

27. A. A: For homework, please do Exercises A and B on page 20.

B: Could you repeat that, please
A: Certainty. Do exercises A and B on page 20.
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….

28. A: How would you like to pay for it, sir? B: By credit card, please
A: That's fine, sir. Shall I put it in a bag for you?
B: No, thank y0U. It's starting to rain, so I think I'll wear it now.
Place :……...…… Speaker A……..… Speaker B……….. Function :……….

‫هياكل للبراجراف‬
‫الموضوع االيجابى‬
‫المقدمة‬
There is no doubt that ‫ الموضوع‬play an important role in our daily life because it has
a lot of advantages which we can t count but we can mention some of it .
‫ جمل للموضوع‬I
It can increase our national income It can solve a lot of social problems .It can
provide employment or job opportunities for the youth ..It can provide hard currency
for our country . It can lead to progress , welfare and prosperity .It can build our
body and character. I can strengthen our health and be fit .It can protect the youth
from crimes and deviation . It can save time and effort and do jobs quickly.It can
provide us with news an knowledge in all fields .
7‫الخاتمة‬
So we should do our best to support and encourage ‫الموضوع‬
Finally, we can t do without ‫ الموضوع‬to live happily .

‫الموضوع السلبى‬
7‫المقدمة‬
There is no doubt that ‫ الموضوع‬has bad effects on our daily life because it has a lot
of disadvantages which we can t count but we can mention some of it .
‫جمل للمشاكل‬
1-‫االسباب‬
It is clear that ‫ المشكلة‬has several causes for example ( burning oil –loud noise –
throwing
Rubbish-free time without useful hobbies –plenty of money-lack of food money
health .)
2- ‫النتائج‬
It can lead to serious health problems . It can cause crimes and deviation . It can
lead to poverty and social problems . It can hinder progress , welfare and
prosperity . It can lead to waste of time ,effort and health uselessly . It can spread
diseases and dirt in our environment . It can lead to violence and hatred . It can
lead to depression and economic problems .
3- ‫الحلول‬
160
So we should do our best to get rid of this problem through co operation and hard
work .
The government and the individuals should stand shoulder to shoulder to fight
against this problems by spreading the national awareness and its dangerous
results .
4- ‫الخاتمة‬
So we should try hard to put an end to ‫ الموضوع‬to live in happiness .

‫الموضوع السلبي‬ ‫الموضوع االيجابي‬

I don't know where to begin because this matter
occupied my attention as it is one of the most
serious problems which threatens our life at
present .It's out of discussion that the problem
of ……‫… الموضوع‬.. .doesn't bring happiness and
development to our society
We must exploit all our natural resources and
do our best to find suitable answers to …‫الموضوع‬
….In my opinion this problem hinder progress
and development.
 At my point of view , I believe
that……‫…الموضوع‬.. is really serious and harmful
and may have bad and negative effects on all of
us . I see that ……‫………الموضوع‬.stands for an
obstacle in the way of our progress , hence our
state spares no effort to put an end to it . On one
hand I think that one should unite , co-operate
and stand , shoulder to shoulder against ………
‫…… الموضوع‬.. . On the other hand the government
must try to overcame this serious problem by
finding the best solutions .one of the most
important solution to this problem is that all
members of the society must participate in
I don't know where to begin because this
matter occupied my attention but can we
imagine life in the absence of......‫الموضوع‬.........?
In my opinion , Id like to say that ………
‫…الموضوع‬.....is really necessary nowadays and
may have good and positive effects on all of
us . I think so because …‫……الموضوع‬.may
bring all the good to our society . To begin
with , I'd like to say that , we Egyptians always
react well to what is good and react badly to
what is bad . Thus we all agree to and
encourage……‫…………الموضوع‬
In fact , it's impossible to lead a
happy life without……‫………الموضوع‬..as it is
one of our chief sources of wealth . with the
help of …‫……الموضوع‬we can realize progress
and development .The government must
exploit all our natural resources and does its
best to encourage…‫… الموضوع‬. to raise the
standard living of citizens. We should put into
consideration that ………‫……الموضوع‬.. has
( have ) become one of the most desirable
topics in our society. No wonder if we say that
……‫……الموضوع‬. has its good and positive
effects on us . …………‫…الموضوع‬.. is
considered an important step to improve and
develop one society .We all agree that ………
‫……الموضوع‬is one of the most important things
in our life and has its vital role nowadays .

putting an end to this serious problem

‫موضوعات المزايا والعيوب‬

Advantages and disadvantages of……….. "

It is known that ….is a mixed blessing because it has some

161
 advantages and some disadvantages . First for all,I would like to start
with its advantages. One of them, it is very useful when we use it in a
good way like….… It will have another advantage if it is used
in……………… On the other hand, it will have some disadvantages if it is
used in a wrong way for example, some people use it in a wrong way
such as …...and……. This will surely have a bad effect on us .Therefore,
It is advisable to do our best to avoid its disadvantages and we should
benefit from its advantages to lead a peaceful, happy and safe life free
.from problems

‫هيكل للطالب الذين اليجيدون كتابة البرجراف‬

There is no doubt that …….plays an effective role in our life. We

should Know that this ( helps / hinders) our progress and development.
The government does its best to (encourage / discourage) this
by all possible means. On the other hand it is considered an important
step to improve and develop our society. Mass media should
have a role to play. Mass media should culture people well in this
field. People should co-operate with the government. From my point
of view, we can say that we should do our best to benefit from (avoid)
it by all possible means and this can be done by several ways. Briefly,
and as it was mentioned before, we can say that if we follow these
suggestions, we will lead a better life. Thus we must do our best to see
.our loving country Egypt live in happiness and prosperity

The importance of electricity and how to save it at home.

Electricity has become a main part of our life. People can't do without it. It is light, it is heat,
and it is energy. Think of how many home appliances are run by electricity. We depend on electricity
in almost all aspects of life. There are many ways by which we can save energy in our everyday lives.
You use a lot of electricity every day. Use only what you need. Don’t turn on two lights if you only
need one. Remember to turn off the lights when you leave a room. Turn off the TV and video games,
too. On a sunny day, read by a window. It’s a simple way to save energy. Keep the refrigerator door
closed. If the air conditioner is on, keep doors and windows closed. If you can, just use a fan and wear
light clothes instead of using the air conditioner. Use the microwave. ‫ فــرن كهــربي‬Microwave ovens
shorten cooking times, which saves energy. Always buy economical light bulbs that use less energy.
The things you do every day make a difference. If everyone saves just a little energy, it adds up to a
lot. When you save energy, you save money, too. You have more money to spend on other things.
Saving energy also helps protect the environment.
The importance of trees
Trees are very important to our life. They take in carbon dioxide and give us oxygen. If we cut
down too many trees, there would be more carbon dioxide. This is very harmful. Therefore, trees
protect us from global warming. Trees provide us with many useful things such as rubber‫ المطاط‬and
medicines. Some trees may provide a cure‫ عالج‬for diseases like cancer. Planting trees is very useful.
We have to plant more trees, especially in towns and cities. This helps to reduce the amount of
pollution. Trees help to keep the balance of nature‫ المحافظة علي توازن الطبيعة‬. If the balance of nature is

162
upset ‫ اختل‬, life on Earth will be impossible. We have to take great care of trees and punish‫ نعاقب‬those
who cut them down.
Recycling ‫إعادة التصنيع‬
Many societies reuse materials that are thrown away. Materials ranging from precious
metals ‫ معادن ثمينة‬to plastic spoons, can be reused. This recycling process extracts ‫ تستخلص‬the original
material ‫ المادة األصلية‬and uses it in new products. In general, using recycled materials ‫المواد المعاد تصنيعها‬
to make new products costs less and requires ‫ يتطلب‬less energy than using new materials. The most
commonly recycled waste product is printed ‫ المطبوعة‬materials.
Glass is a material which is economical to recycle. The recycled glass is melted ‫يصهر‬and formed
into new products. Certain types of nuclear waste ‫ النفايات النووية‬can be recycled. Rare materials, such
as gold and silver, are recycled because getting new supplies is expensive. It reduces pollution because
recycling a product creates less pollution than producing a new one. Most experts ‫ الخبراء‬state ‫يبينون‬
that the economic consequences ‫ النتائج االقتصادية‬of recycling are positive in the long term ‫إيجابية علي المدى‬
‫البعيد‬.
7) The advantages and disadvantages of modern technology
Our life today is quite different from life fifty years ago. Life in the past was very simple and
easy. In the past people used animals to go from place to place. People died from many diseases which
they could not cure. Today, thanks to ‫ بفضل‬modern science and technology, there are many inventions
which have made man’s life easier and more comfortable. Modern means of transport help us to
travel long distances in a very short time. The progress‫ تقدم‬in medicine has enabled us to find a cure
for most diseases. We also have pure ‫ نقية‬water and electric supply.
However modern technology has several disadvantages. The most noticeable‫ملحوظة‬
disadvantage is pollution. Pollution is very harmful to man's life and can cause many diseases. Man
now depends too much on machines. There are a lot of people who can't find jobs because we use
machines to do most of our work. Many people nowadays suffer from stress ‫ توتر‬/ ‫ ضغط‬and worry.
Some people may have a nervous breakdown‫انهيار عصبي‬.
(8) Living in space
Next summer I am going to travel to space with three friends. We are going to have some
training at first. The training will be long and difficult. You must be fit‫ الئق جسميا‬in order to survive in
space. We are going to take some things with us like canned‫ معلب‬food and bottles of water.
In space there are a lot of problems. There is no gravity‫ الجاذبية‬in space. It is hard to live
without gravity. We will stay in the space shuttle all the time. We will miss our families. We will try to
keep ourselves busy by reading books or listening to music. Living in space will be an exciting
experience in spite of its disadvantages.
(9) Lifelong learning‫التعلم مدي الحياة‬
Lifelong learning goes on for life‫ مدي الحياة‬, from the time you graduate‫ يتخرج‬until you retire
‫ يتقاعد‬. This is necessary as employers‫ أصحاب العمل‬do not offer permanent ‫ دائمة‬jobs. We must learn the
skills required‫ المهارات المطلوبة‬for different jobs. Companies pay a lot to provide training for their
employees‫ العاملين‬. Lifelong learning helps us to acquire the knowledge‫ يكتسب المعرفة‬and skills needed in
the labour market.
Distance learning‫ التعلم عن بعد‬is a method‫ طريقة‬of study that helps us to continue our learning.
We need to continue learning to keep up with ‫ نواكب‬the latest developments‫ أحدث التطورات‬in different
fields. Human knowledge is increasing all the time. If we do not update ‫ نطور‬our knowledge, we will
not be able to live in today's world. In fact, lifelong learning is important to everyone.
(10) How we can help to protect and improve the environment
Environmental pollution‫ التلوث البيئي‬is a very serious problem nowadays. This pollution causes
great damage ‫ أضرار كبيرة‬to the environment and all living things. There are a lot of things we can do to
preserve‫ يحافظ علي‬the environment. Factories should be moved to land outside cities. A great number
of trees should be planted along the sides of the roads. Trees take in carbon dioxide and release
oxygen, so they help to clean the air.
The government should pass laws to reduce the number of cars on the roads. We have to
spread awareness‫ ينشر الوعي‬among ordinary people of the importance of preserving the environment.
We must teach young children how to keep the environment clean. If we succeed in preserving

163
(conserving) the environment, our children and grandchildren can enjoy the world we live in.
Preserving the environment has become a very important issue ‫ مسألة هامة‬in the modern world.
(18) The value of sports ‫أهمية الرياضة‬

There are many kinds of sports. The most common sports are football, basketball, volleyball,
tennis, skiing, swimming and cycling. Sports have great value in our life. They are very important for
keeping us healthy. People who are used to practising‫ ممارسة‬sports usually enjoy good health. They
are always active and do their jobs well.
Sports are a good way of spending our spare time. Sports help us gain good qualities such as patience,
Sports teach us good manners . ‫مواقف‬cooperation and how to face difficult problems and situations
and develop our character. Some sports help us to defend ourselves such as karate and judo. In fact,
for us ‫أساسية‬sports are very essential
Space exploration
Many people believe that space exploration is a waste of money. They think that the money we
spend on space exploration should be spent on education and health or it should be used to solve
problems like global warming and climate change. Other people believe we should spend the money
on growing more food and on better transport. But space exploration is very important. Everyone
benefits from space technology in their everyday lives. For example, satellite technology is used for
mobile phones and television. Moreover, people have always explored their world, so the next step is
to explore space. In addition, space exploration is exciting. We may need to live in space in the future,
so we should explore space to find out if there is any kind of life on other planets. In short, space
exploration is really worth the money we spend on it.
What families can do to save energy
All of us can do many things to save energy. We should all use energy more wisely. Families
can recycle paper, plastic, glass and aluminium cans. They can turn the air conditioner down. They
can use energy-saving bulbs. Family members can use their cars less. Walking and cycling are great
forms of exercise. They can use energy-efficient home appliances. They should turn off computers and
televisions when they are not using them. They should not leave lights on when there is no one in the
house. They can use fans instead of air conditioners as they use less electricity. They should buy
things that can be used over and over instead of buying disposable items that are used once and then
thrown away. In fact, saving energy is very important nowadays.
How reading literature improves our education
Reading literature plays a very important role in improving our education. It helps us to
enrich our vocabulary and learn the language better. It enriches our own experiences. It helps us to
benefit from other people's experiences. It enables us to get in touch with the cultures of other nations
and know about their customs and ways of life. It also helps us to understand other people and solve
our problems. It helps us to gain more knowledge about life and the world in which we live. It helps
us to do the right things in different situations. Schools should do their best to help students to enjoy
reading literature. In fact, we learn a lot from reading literature.
Pollution
No one can deny that pollution is a serious problem in modern life. There are many kinds of
pollution such as air pollution, water pollution, soil pollution and noise pollution. Air pollution is
caused by harmful gases from old cars, buses and lorries. Air pollution makes people sick. It causes
cancer and harms plants and animals. Water pollution is caused by wastes thrown into seas by
factories and ships. It kills fish and water plants. Soil pollution is caused by the chemicals used in the
soil such as insecticides. To solve this problem, we can reduce pollution in our streets by planting trees
in front of our houses. Cars and buses should run on efficient petrol or natural gas. Rubbish
shouldn’t be thrown into the river.
Global warming / The problem of climate change
Global warming is a problem that affects every country in the world. It is the most serious
problem that human beings have to face in the twenty-first century. Global warming means that the
earth's temperature is rising. It has a very serious impact on the climate. All countries must work
164
together to find suitable ways to solve this problem. We should stop cutting forests. If the forests are
destroyed, this will change the world’s climate. Temperatures will go up, sea levels will rise and there
will be changes in rain and snowfall. When you plant a tree, you are helping the environment to solve
this serious problem. Trees are vital to our life. We should also reduce the amount of carbon dioxide
in the air. Many conferences have been held to discuss this problem and try to find an effective
solution to it.
(Computers)
The computer is the most important invention in the twentieth century. Children enjoy using
computers. They help communicate with people in other countries very quickly. Computers store a
lot ofinformation. You can work from home if you have a computer. Computers are now used in all
fields. We can now use computers to learn a new language. Doctors use computers to help them
diagnose diseases and treat patients. Banks cannot do without computers. Teachers use computers in
schools so that students can learn better and faster. But computers have some disadvantages.
Computers are different. Some of them are difficult to use. A lot of computer games are violent .
Some children spend too much time indoors playing computer games. Using computers for too long
can harm our eyes.
E-books and traditional books
Reading is one of the most popular hobbies for most people. People used to read traditional books,
they used to hold it, feel it and carry them. They find a big pleasure in doing so. Now people turned to
benefit from modern technology. They can find any book they want on the internet. They can
download them and read them later. Some people believe that electronic books will replace traditional
books. In my point of view, I don't think so for many reasons. The first reason is that not many people
can afford buying a computer. Secondly, the pleasure that people find in holding and feeling the
traditional books will never go. People used to turn pages by using their hands and they can underline
the phrases or sentences they like. Besides they can carry traditional books anywhere and read them at
any time. To sum up I don't think e-books will never replace traditional books.

Online distance learning

Online distance learning is an instructional system which connects learners with educational
resources. Students work on their own at home, or at school and communicate with faculty and other
students via e-mail, video conferencing and other forms of computer-based communication. There are
both advantages and disadvantages to online distance learning. Online distance learning is available all
the time and everywhere. However, there are drawbacks for some learners. The online learner only
has the written text; this may confuse the learner and cause misunderstanding. While distance learning
allows openness, it is also cumbersome because it is done by e-mail messages and writing, therefore it
may take more time than face- to-face learning. Online distance learning is important for students who
may be unable to attend classes for various reasons like illnesses or busy schedules. They just want to
do their studies at home.
Protection is better than cure
In fact , good health is a valuable thing , a healthy person is always capable of performing
well . when you are healthy you are able to go to your work on time . practising exercises is necessary
for you to build a strong body . One should avoid the bad habits that cause diseases and destroy
health . For example a smoker should give up smoking that causes heart and lung diseases . It is
better for a person to prevent himself from disease to seek for cure . We should follow that proverb
saying “Protection is better than cure."
Addiction
There is no doubt that addiction is a very serious problem in our society. It threatens our
youth and destroys their lives. Addiction leads some bad people to commit crimes. They kill people and rob
banks to get money. They spread fear among citizens and cause great danger to our society. Therefore,
the state works hard to put an end to this serious problem. It struggles against drug-sellers and puts
them into prison to protect the society from their evils. Besides, it makes awareness programmes to
save our youth from this epidemic.
Money is a double-edged weapon/ a mixed blessing
Really, we can't do without money in our daily lives. Without money we can’t lead a happy
life. It helps us satisfy our daily needs, money should be spent on useful aspects, like building
hospitals, schools and factories. It can be used to help the poor lead a better life. On the other hand,
money is a bad master if it's badly used. People may do anything wrong to get money. They may steal
things or kill each other for the sake of money. Some people believe that money is the root of all evil. It

165
is sometimes spent on bad things like taking drugs and smoking. Some people collect money in any way
no matter how it comes. In brief, money shouldn't be an end in itself but a means to an end.
Terrorism
. Terrorism no doubt is the enemy of the whole world today. No part of the world hasn't
witnessed a bomb attack or killing of a prominent figure of society. As it is said, " Terrorism has no
home or eyes." In order to eradicate terrorism, a lot of things should be done. First, Justice and
democracy should spread, every citizen should feel that he gets his rights and has the ability to express
his ideas without fear or persecution. Writers, churches and mosques have a great part in this battle,
they have to find approaches to change terrorists' attitudes and spread the right thought. Equality among
people, Muslims and Christians, Whites and Blacks, should be the base make one feel citizenship. A
law should be issued to ban distorting religions and other people's thoughts. Finally comes the role of
police to shoulder their responsibilities.
Global warming
Most people now accept the fact that the world's climate is changing. The carbon dioxide in the
atmosphere is increasing mainly because we burn fuels such as oil and gas. The fact that we continue
to destroy the rainforests (which take in carbon dioxide and produce oxygen) makes the matter
worse. It is now known that the ice at the Arctic and the Antarctic is melting. If this continues, sea
levels will rise and some parts of the world will be flooded, making many people homeless. So what
can be done? Countries must stop destroying the rainforests and produce less carbon dioxide. We, as
individuals, must all reduce the carbon dioxide we produce. This can be done by people using cars
only when they have to or by turning down air conditioning in the summer.

How a youth serves his country

The progress of any nation depends on its youth. They work for the good of their country. A youth
can take part in the industrial and agricultural projects. They can also help stamp out illiteracy. They
sacrifice their lives for their country in time of wars. In fact, the youth must avoid bad habits. They
should avoid smoking and practise sports to ' become fit. They should not waste their time sitting at
cafes all the time. They should read and log onto the internet to get useful information. The youth are
tomorrow's leaders, so the government is greatly interested in them.

Healthy lifed.
Would you like to live a longer life? To live longer, you must keep your body healthy, and I have
some suggestions for you. First you must eat healthy foods that will provide necessary protein, vitamins,
and carbohydrates. You should not eat food that contains fats and cholesterol because they clog your
arteries and cause heart attacks. Proper diet can help to keep your body healthy.
The second important requirement is regular exercise. You should exercise every day. You might jog or
lift weights to keep your body healthy and active. The third and most important point is, not to take
illegal drugs. Drugs can ruin your life and the lives of your family. You should not smoke, and you
should not take heroin. By keeping your body healthy now while you are young, you could live longer,
and you might enjoy life more.
Water .
No body can deny the fact that water is the main source of life. Without water, life on earth
would have come to an end. Man, animals and plants would have died. In fact, water is the main
factor in the development of countries both in agriculture, industry and all aspects of life. Man can
get water from rain, rivers, wells, seas and lakes. To increase the supply of water, reservoirs and
dams have been built to store water for the time of need. As the consumption of water is increasing
so rapidly, the world may face a shortage in the quantity of water in the near future.
To solve this serious problem, the world should economize the consumption of water
especially in agriculture, industry and also in domestic use. In my view, another solution is to have
the water recycled to avoid wasting it. More dams and reservoirs should be built. We can obtain
water also by desalinating ‫ تحليه‬water from seas. Although this is an expensive method, but we can
rely on it if necessary.

166
 Letter Writing
Conclusions ( ‫خاتمـة‬ Introductions (‫)مقدمات الخطاب‬
‫)الخطاب‬
I’m looking forward  I hope you and your family are fine.
to hearing from you I’d like to invite you to…………...
soon. I’m writing to thank you for (inviting me to………….)
With my best wishes. It gives me the greatest pleasure to send you this letter………….
Give my love to all I have the pleasure to accept your kind invitation.
your family. I am so sorry I won’t be able to accept your invitation because…
Remember me to all  I was so sorry to hear that you (had an accident….)
at home.  I’d like to congratulate you on your (success / marriage / birthday)
I am looking forward  I am very thankful to you for (your nice present / your kind offer)
to hearing from you  Would you please allow me to invite you to………..…
 I am so sorry to hear about your illness

:‫الشكل العام للخطاب مهم جدا‬

Dear + ‫اسم المرسل إليه‬

‫المقدمــة‬
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
‫الموضوع‬
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
‫الخاتمة‬
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Yours sincerely,
Write a letter to your friend David with whom you spent a week in London. Thank him for his
hospitality and kindness. You are Ahmed. (May, 1997)
You may use the following words:
Thank / invitation / enjoyed / meeting / nice family / delicious food / shopping / presents / visit Egypt
Dear David,
How are you? I hope you are well and enjoy your time. I am very pleased to write you this
letter. I’d like to thank you for your hospitality and kindness when I visited London. I enjoyed
meeting your family. The food was very delicious. London is a very beautiful city. I enjoyed shopping
in London. I bought very nice presents. What about visiting Egypt one day? You’ll enjoy it so much.
I am looking forward to hearing from you.
Yours sincerely, Ahmed.

Write a letter to your friend John who wants to come to visit Egypt. Tell him about the weather ,
suitable clothes to bring, places to visit, accommodation and any other information you think is
important. Your name is Sami.
Dear John,
It gives me great pleasure to write to you. How are you and your family? I am so happy to
know that you want to come to visit Egypt. I advise you to come in winter. You may need to bring
some heavy clothes, but, in general, the weather in winter is so beautiful. There are many historic
places that you can visit. I’ll book you a room in a good hotel or you can stay with me in my flat.
There are wonderful places for shopping. I am sure you’ll enjoy your visit so much.
Yours sincerely, Sami
" ‫" كلمات خاصة بالترجمة‬
care for ‫ تهتم بـ‬escaping =running away ‫هربا من‬
the disabled ‫ المعوقين‬common responsibility ‫مسؤولية مشتركة‬
167
overcome = get rid of ‫يتغلب على – يتخلص من‬ individuals - ‫األفراد – المواطنين‬
citizens
offer services ‫ يقدم خدمات‬overcoming = getting rid off ‫التغلب على‬
almost ‫ تقريبا‬a national duty ‫واجب وطني‬

renew - activity ‫ نشاط‬- ‫ يجدد‬concentrating on ‫التركيز على‬

beaches = sea sides
cooperation- co-operate
leads to success
for the sake of world peace
source of life
organizing your time
keeping security
ambitions
achieving = realizing
Palestinian issue ( case)
Peacefully
local industries
imports # exports
fasten the seatbelt
social settlement
punctual / punctuality
fight
He is thoughtful ‫انة مراعى لشعور اآلخرين‬
think of others
rights
Arab common market
Agriculture= farming = cultivation
between
among ‫بين أكثر من اثنين – من ضمن‬
welfare - prosperity
basis
hence = so = therefore
spread
industry- reclaim
provide…..with
equipment - required
an earthquake
food crisis
threaten
‫ شواطئ‬broaden = widen ‫يوسع‬
‫ يتعاون‬- ‫ التعاون‬It is thoughtful of you to ‫انة لشعور طيب منك‬
‫أن‬
‫يؤدى إلى لنجاح‬ terrorism ‫اإلرهاب‬
‫من أجل سالم‬ reclaiming the desert ‫استصالح الصحراء‬
‫مصدر الحياة‬ economy - economic ‫االقتصاد – اقتصادي‬
‫تنظيم وقتك‬ branches of knowledge ‫أفرع العلوم‬
‫المحافظة على األمن‬ We should be grateful ‫يجب أن يكون لدينا‬
to ‫عرفان لـ‬
‫طموحات‬ spread peace ‫ينشر السالم‬
‫تحقيق‬ relax – relaxation ‫يسترخي – االسترخاء‬
‫القضية الفلسطينية‬ encourage ‫يشجع‬
‫سلميا – بطريقة سلمية‬ impose restrictions to ‫تفرض – تضع قيود على‬
‫الصناعات المحلية‬ make good use of ‫يستغل استغالل جيد لـ‬
# ‫الواردات‬ food production ‫اإلنتاج الغذائي‬
‫الصادرات‬
‫يربط حزام األمان‬ unemployment ‫البطالة‬
‫االستقرار االجتماعي‬ a civilized person ‫الشخص المتحضر‬
‫مواظب \ المواظبة‬ isolation -isolated ‫ منعزل‬-‫عزلة‬
‫يحارب‬ illiteracy and ‫األمية والجهل‬
ignorance
support ‫ يساند‬- ‫يؤيد – يدعم‬
‫راعى شعور اآلخرين‬ defend – fight - protect ‫ نحمى‬- ‫ يحارب‬- ‫يدافع‬
‫حقوق‬ stand as a one man ‫نقف كرجل واحد‬
‫سوق عربية مشتركة‬ civilization ‫حضارة‬
‫الزراعة‬ in forming of ‫تكوين‬
‫بين اثنين‬ unexpectedly ‫دون توقع‬
accidentally = by ‫بالصدفة‬
chance
‫ الرخاء‬- ‫الرفاهية‬ achieve - achievement ‫ ينجز \ إنجاز‬-‫يحقق‬
‫أساس‬ in different ways ‫بشتى الطرق‬
‫ومن ثم – ولذالك‬ to make great progress in ‫لتحقق تقدم عظيم في‬
‫تنشر – نشر‬ inauguration ‫افتتاح‬
‫الصناعة – يستصلح‬ celebrate ‫يحتفل‬
‫توفر‬ the Arab solidarity ‫التضامن العربي‬
‫ المطلوبة‬-‫المعدات‬ heritage - culture ‫ الثقافة‬- ‫التراث‬
‫زلزال‬ military forces ‫الفوات المسلحة‬
)‫( الحربية‬
‫أزمة الغذاء‬ destroy ‫يدمر‬
‫يهدد‬ reject ‫ينبذ – يرفض‬

168
nation ‫ وطن‬- ‫آمة‬ blood donors - service ‫ خدمة‬- ‫متبرعين بالدم‬
purify air ‫ينقى الهواء‬ in all its shapes ( forms ) ‫بكل صورة‬
a necessity = a must ‫ضرورة‬ terrorism ‫اإلرهاب‬
economic forum ‫المنتدى االقتصادي‬ advanced countries ‫الدول المتقدمة‬
peace conference ‫مؤتمر السالم‬ heavenly religions ‫األديان السماوية‬
search for = look for ‫يبحث عن‬ freedom ‫الحرية‬
governmental jobs ‫وظائف حكومية‬ an unemployed = idle person ‫شخص عاطل‬
please the humanity ‫يسعد البشرية‬ have got a degree in ‫حاصل على مؤهل في‬
public sector ‫القطاع العام‬ citizens ‫المواطنين‬
private sector ‫القطاع الخاص‬ seek to / try to ‫يسعى‬
tolerant - society ‫ مجتمع‬- ‫متسامح‬ employees ‫موظفين‬
accountant – a secretary ‫محاسب – سكرتيرة‬ faculty of ‫كلية التجارة‬
commerce
career ‫مهنة – عمل‬ social position ‫مكانة اجتماعية‬
media – mass media ‫األعالم – وسائل األعالم‬ culture ‫الثقافة‬
mixed blessing ‫نعمة ونقمة‬ earning living ‫كسب الرزق‬
a double edged weapon ‫سالح ذو حدين‬ a good witness to ‫خير شاهد لـ‬
the organs transplant ‫زراعة األعضاء‬ the greatness of ‫عظمة‬
principal - civilization ‫ حضارة‬- ‫رئيسي‬ sound and picture ‫الصوت والصورة‬
develop abilities ‫تنمى القدرات‬ together - evidence ‫ دليل‬-‫معا‬
save time and effort ‫توفر الوقت والجهد‬ ‫ \ اسم‬due to = because of + v + ing ‫بسبب‬
a real pleasure ‫سعادة حقيقية‬ tremendous ‫هائل– كبير – عظيم‬
get in touch with ‫يكون على اتصال بـ‬ faithful = sincere ‫مخلص‬
customs and traditions ‫عادات وتقاليد‬ imaginative ‫خيالي‬
remote areas ‫ نائية‬- ‫مناطق بعيد‬ generous ‫كريم‬
exert great efforts ‫يبذل جهود عظيمة‬ Polluted area ‫منطقة ملوثة‬
spare time = leisure time ‫وقت فراغ‬ influence you ‫يؤثر عليك‬
share = take part in ‫يشارك‬ practise ‫يمارس‬
pains ‫أالم‬ favourite hobby ‫هواية مفضلة‬
failure ‫الفشل‬ human instinct ‫غريزة – فطرة‬
‫بشرية‬
a major threat ‫تهديد كبير – عظيم‬ realistic solutions ‫حلول واقعية‬
available ‫ ميسر‬- ‫متاح – متوفر‬ scientific solutions ‫حلول علمية‬
destiny - earthquakes ‫ الزالزل‬- ‫مصير‬ developing countries ‫الدول النامية‬
birth rate -‫معدل المواليد‬ standard of living ‫مستوى المعيشة‬
rapid growth ‫نمو سريع‬ depend on ‫يعتمد على‬
make the best use of ‫يستغل استغالل جيد‬ our duty to our home ‫واجبنا نحو الوطن‬
stay up ‫يسهر‬ protect our property ‫يحمى ممتلكات‬
wise/ over population ‫حكيم \زيادة السكان‬ seek other's advice ‫يسعى من أجل نصيحة‬
‫اآلخرين‬
priceless ‫ال تقدر بثمن‬ keep up with = cope with ‫يواكب – يساير‬
over- crowdedness ‫الزحام‬ conserve the environment ‫يحافظ على البيئة‬
call for ‫ ينادى من‬- ‫يدعو من أجل‬ as much as possible ‫بقدر األمكان‬
‫أجل‬
the new law of traffic ‫ قانون المرور الجديد‬achieve much progress ‫يحقق تقدم كثير‬
isolation ‫ عزلة – وحدة‬eliminate pollution ‫يمحو – يتخلص من التلوث‬

169
a key to ‫مفتاح لـ‬ resist diseases ‫يقاوم األمراض‬
give a hand to ‫يمد يد العون لـ‬ higher studies ‫دراسات عليا‬
a successful man ‫األنسان الناجح‬ the underground Metro ‫مترو األنفاق‬
modern means of ‫وسائل حديثة‬ density of traffic ‫كثافة المرور‬
technology ‫للتكنولوجيا‬ v to be + considered ‫يعتبر – يعد‬
fine weather ‫جو رائع‬ commit ( a crime) (‫يرتكب ) جريمة‬
invest ‫يستثمر‬ main sources ‫مصادر رئيسية‬
acquire knowledge ‫يكتسب المعلرفة‬ hard currency ‫العملة الصعبة‬
through ‫من خالل‬ punctuality – punctual ‫المواظبة – مواظب‬
mistakes ‫أخطاء‬ the root – ‫اساس – أصل‬
‫جزر‬
scientific researches ‫ أبحاث علمية‬praise ‫يمدح‬
prove ‫ يثبت – يبرهن‬the good deeds - behaviour - ‫األعمال الصالحة‬
‫سلوك‬
childhood ‫الطفولة‬ example to ‫قدوة لـ‬
experiences ‫خبرات – تجارب‬ follow the steps – ‫يتبع خطوات‬
‫الحياة‬ ‫نهج‬
corruption ‫الفساد‬ deepen ‫يعمق‬
make progress ‫يحرز تقدم‬ the sense of belonging ‫الشعور باألنتماء‬
launch a satellite ‫يطلق قمر صناعى‬ construct ‫يعمر – يشيد‬
I was among ‫كنت من ضمن‬ take part in = share in ‫يشارك فى‬
cars factory ‫مصنع سيارات‬ conference ‫مؤتمر‬
deal with ‫يتعامل مع‬ Self-dependence ‫األعتماد على‬
‫النفس‬

‫الكلمات الصعبة فى التراجم السابقة‬

merely ‫فقط‬ society ‫مجتمع‬

immediate ‫مؤقت‬ take responsibility ‫تحمل المسئولية‬
professional ‫مهني‬ to overcome ‫للتغلب علي‬
academic ‫أكاديمي‬ social ‫االجتماعية‬
carry on ‫يستمر في‬ economic ‫االقتصادية‬
enrich ‫تثري‬ environmental ‫البيئية‬
Celebrating ‫احتفال‬ The government ‫الحكومة‬
millennium ‫ألفية‬ does its best ‫تبذل أقصي جهدها‬
at the foot of ‫عند سفح‬ job opportunities ‫فرص عمل‬
marvelous ‫رائع‬ Before long ‫لن يمر وقت طويل‬
combining ‫دمج‬ developed country ‫دولة متقدمة‬
reviewing ‫مراجعة‬ The state ‫الدولة‬
human civilization ‫الحضارة اإلنسانية‬ is greatly interested in ‫تهتم اهتمـاما كبيرا‬
golden rule ‫قاعدة ذهبية‬ national occasions ‫المناسبات القومية‬
chained to ‫مقيدا بـ‬ Team work ‫العمل الجماعي‬
physically ً ‫بدنيا‬ strengthens ties ‫يقوي الروابطـ‬
mentally ً ‫ذهنيا‬ makes … stable ‫يرسخ‬
transport ‫المواصالت‬ human values ‫القيم اإلنسانية‬
constructing ‫تشييد‬ made great progress ‫أحرزت تقدما‬
170
 flyovers ‫كبارى علوية‬ make up for ‫لنعوض‬
vehicles ‫مركبات‬ advantages ‫المزايا‬
crowded ‫مزدحم‬ disadvantages ‫العيوب‬
state ‫يذكر‬ an effective element ‫عنصر فعال‬
main sources ‫مصادر رئيسية‬ a main partner ‫شريك أساسي‬
carried out ‫يتم تنفيذها‬ comprehensive ‫الشامـلة‬
source of pride ‫مصدر فخر‬ aspire to ‫تصبـوـ‬
the art of .... ‫فن‬ peace-loving ‫المحبة للسالم‬
update ‫يجدد‬ cooperation prevail ‫يسوده التعاون‬
affairs ‫شئون‬ location ‫موقع‬
current events ‫األحداث الجارية‬ geographical ‫جغرافيـ‬
occur ‫يحدث‬ unique ‫متميز‬
Cutting off ‫إزالة‬ monuments ‫آثار‬
an ill deed ‫فعل سيىء‬ attract ‫تجذب‬
shade ‫الظل‬ a revolution ‫ثورة‬
feel at ease ‫يشعر باإلرتياح‬ preserve the environment ‫نحافظـ علي البيئة‬
purify the air ‫ينقى الهواء‬ as much as we can ‫بقدر المستطاع‬
establishment ‫ إقامة‬- ‫تأسيس‬ our grandchildren ‫أحفادنا‬
contributed to ‫قد ساهم فى‬ all fields of life ‫كل مجاالت الحياة‬
learning process ‫العملية التعليمية‬ especially ً ‫خاصة‬
as a whole ‫ككل‬ recycled materials ‫مواد معاد تصنيعهـا‬
citizens ‫مواطنون‬ metals ‫المعادن‬
awareness ‫الوعى‬ novels ‫الروايات‬
transmit ‫يبث‬ witness ‫يشهد‬
serves ‫يخدم‬ Egyptian products ‫المنتجات المصرية‬
launch ‫إطالق‬ foreign currencies ‫العمالت األجنبية‬
productive society ‫مجتمع منتج‬ threatens ‫يهدد‬
generation ‫جيل‬ desert areas ‫مناطقـ صحراوية‬
humanity ‫اإلنسانية‬ environment ministry ‫وزارة البيئة‬
participate in ‫يشارك فى‬ Individuals ‫األفرادـ‬
effectively ‫بفاعلية‬ rubbish and waste ‫القمامة والمخلفات‬
respect ‫يحترم – إحترام‬ ‫معرض القاهرة الدولي للكتـاب‬
self-confidence ‫الثقة فى النفس‬ Cairo International Book Fair
perseverance ‫المثابرة‬ great development ‫تطوراـ هائال‬
Over-population ‫الزيادة السكانية‬ electronic book ‫الكتـاب اإللكترونيـ‬
illiteracy ‫األمية‬ terrorism ‫اإلرهاب‬
unemployment ‫البطالة‬ value ‫نقدر‬
growth rates ‫معدالت النمو‬ weather conditions ‫ظروف الطقس‬
pay attention to ‫ينتبه إلى‬ does its best ‫تبذل ما بوسعهاـ‬
is linked with ‫مرتبط بـ‬ Toshka project ‫مشروعـ توشكي‬
lung cancer ‫سرطان الرئة‬ the south valley ‫جنوب الوادي‬
one third ‫ثلث‬ petroleum products ‫منتجات بتروليـة‬
are attributed to ‫يرجع سببها الى‬ wastes money ‫يبدد المال‬
risks ‫مخاطر‬ causes death ‫يسبب الوفـاة‬

171
low in fat ‫ قليل فى الدهون‬ambitious youth ‫الشباب الطموح‬
harmful additives ‫ اإلضافات الضارة‬a better tomorrow ‫غد أفضل‬
the individual ‫ الفرد‬strong relations ‫عالقات قوية‬
given potentials ‫ إمكانات متاحة‬pioneering country ‫دولة رائدة‬
living being ‫ كائن حى‬Computer skills ‫مهارات الكمبيوتر‬
warmth ‫ الدفىء‬.labour market ‫سوقـ العمل‬
inner security ‫ األمن الداخلى‬nations progress ‫تقدم األمم‬
express himself ‫ يعبر عن نفسه‬is measured by ‫يقاس بـ‬
required to ‫ المطلوب لتحقيق‬issues ‫قضاياـ‬
standard of living ‫ مستوى المعيشة‬faithful to ‫مخلصا ً لـ‬
has acquired ‫ أكتسبت – حصلت‬gain others’ love ‫تكسب حب اآلخرين‬
concerned with ‫ معنية بـ‬- ‫ مهتمة بـ‬respect ‫احترام‬
women’s affairs ‫ شئون المرأة‬online shopping ‫التسوقـ عبر النت‬
services ‫ خدمات‬traditional ‫تقليدى‬
are rendered to ‫ ُتقدم‬an end ‫غاية‬
family guidance ‫ اإلرشاد األسرى‬a means ‫وسيلة‬
child’s welfare ‫ رعاية الطفل‬cannot be achieved ‫ال يمكن أن تتم‬
foreign capital ‫ رأس المال األجنبى‬achievements ‫انجازات‬
expanding ‫ التوسع‬motivation ‫دافع‬
the existing ones ‫ الصناعات الموجودة‬quality ‫جودة‬
Due attention ‫ العناية الالزمة‬local products ‫المنتجات المحلية‬
software ‫ صناعات البرمجة‬the world system ‫النظام العالمى‬
inhabited areas ‫ المناطق المأهولة‬revolution ‫ثــــــــورة‬
wider expanses ً ‫ مناطق أكثر إتساعا‬Common Market ‫السوقـ المشتركة‬
Creative children ‫ أطفال مبدعين‬common interests ‫مصالح مشتركة‬
branches ‫ فروع المعرفة‬put into effect ‫يضع فى حيز التنفيذ‬
are honoured ‫ يُكرموا‬has no room for ‫ليس به مجال لـ‬
Birthplace of ‫ مهد الحضارة‬networks ‫شبكات‬
restoring glories ‫ أسترداد أمجادنا‬remote areas ‫مناطقـ نائية‬
keep pace with ‫ يساير – يالحق‬get in touch with ‫يتواصلـ مع‬
developed country ‫ دولة متقدمة‬sources of wealth ‫مصادرـ الثروة‬
splendid treasure ‫ كنز ثمين‬give due care ً ‫يعطى إهتماما ً الئقا‬
It’s worth ‫ تستحق‬cultivated land ‫أراضى مستصلحة‬
pain and suffering ‫ ألم و معاناة‬is doubling ‫يتضاعف‬
ever increasing ً ‫ متزايد دائما‬is connected with ‫مرتبطـ بـ‬
increasingly ‫ بصورة متزايدة‬are more likely to ‫أكثر عُرضة لـ‬
creatures ‫ مخلوقات‬under stress ‫تحت الضغط‬
Distance learning ‫ التعلم عن بعد‬immune system ‫جهاز المناعة‬
makes use of ‫ يستغل‬mild colds ‫نزالت برد خفيفة‬
various branches ‫ فروع متعددة‬stamp collections ‫مجموعات الطوابع‬
talents ‫ مواهب‬valuable ‫قيم‬
select our career ‫ نختار وظائفنا‬craftsmen ‫حرفيون‬
appeals to us ‫ تروق لنا – نحبها‬get rid of ‫يتخلص من‬
vast areas ‫ مساحات شاسعة‬frustration ‫إحباط‬
graduates ‫ خريجين‬Consequently ‫و تبعا ً لذلك‬
172
 new communities ‫مجتمعات جديدة‬ benefit ‫يفيد‬
food security ‫األمن الغذائى‬ scientific revolution ‫ثورة علمية‬
promotion ‫ترقية – تعزيز‬ atom ‫ذرة‬
basic aims ‫أهداف رئيسية‬ conferences ‫مؤتمراتـ‬
accomplishment ‫تحقيق‬ apply ‫يوظفـ‬
prosperity ‫الرخاء‬ placed as ‫توضع كـ‬
real and lasting ‫حقيقى و مستمرـ‬ man-made design ‫تصميمـ بشرى‬
private sector ‫القطاع الخاص‬ has sprung from ‫خرجت من‬
invest capital ‫يستثمر رأس المال‬ sown by nature ‫بذرة غرستها الطبيعة‬
demolish barriers ‫يزيل الحواجزـ‬ Public parks ‫الحدائق العامة‬
hinder ‫يعوق‬ unselfishness ‫األنانية‬
Undoubtedly ‫بال شك‬ courage ‫الشجاعة‬
the Arab League ‫الجامعة العربية‬ love of one’s country ‫حب الوطن‬
The last decade ‫الحقبة األخيرة‬ TV Channel ‫قناة تليفزيونية‬
for the sake of ‫ألجل‬ transmitting ‫بث‬
children’s welfare ‫رفاهية األطفال‬ destructive weapons ‫أسلحة دمار‬
laws were passed ‫سُنت القوانين‬ housing ‫اإلسكان‬
sacrifice comfort ‫يضحى براحته‬ be exchanged ‫يتم إستبدالها‬

Medicine‫طب‬
medicine ‫ دواء‬/ ‫ طب‬addiction ‫إدمان‬
drugs ‫ عقاقير‬addict ‫يدمن‬
surgery ‫ جراحة‬moans )‫أنات ( تأوهات‬
Plastic surgery ‫ جراحة تجميل‬recuperation ‫فترة نقاهة‬
liver ‫ كبد‬intensive care ‫عناية مركزة‬
kidneys ‫ كليتين‬ventilator ‫جهاز تنفس صناعى‬
lungs ‫ رئتين‬respiratory system ‫جهاز تنفسى‬
spleen ‫ طحال‬immune system ‫جهاز المناعة‬
Pituitary gland ‫ غدة نخامية‬dissection ‫تشريح‬
Thyroid gland ‫ غدة درقية‬hygiene ‫نظافة شخصية‬
backbone ‫ عمود فقرى‬sanitation ‫نظافة عامة‬
vessels ‫ اوعية‬experiments ‫تجارب معملية‬
valves ‫ صمامات‬laboratory ‫معمل‬
artery ‫ شريان‬analysis ‫تحليل‬
coma ‫ غيبوبة‬diagnosis ‫تشخيص للمرض‬
vomiting ‫ قئ‬tablets ‫أقراص‬
vaccines ‫ أمصال‬syrup ‫شراب‬
antivenom ‫ ترياق‬/ ‫ مصل‬ointment ‫مرهم‬
injection ‫ حقن‬skin graft ‫عملية ترقيع‬
transfusion ‫ عملية نقل دم‬pregnancy ‫حمل‬
transplant ‫ عملية زرع عضو‬pregnant ‫حامل‬
cells ‫ خاليا‬inflammation ‫التهاب‬
stem cells ‫ خاليا جذعية‬tumor ‫ورم‬
incurable ‫ ال عالج له‬muscles ‫عضالت‬
remedy ‫ عالج‬symptoms )‫أعراض (مرض‬

173
 sterilization ‫ تعقيم‬vascular ‫وريدى‬
parasites ‫ طفيليات‬donation ‫تبرع‬
wards ‫ أجنحة‬/ ‫ عنابر‬emergency room ‫غرفة طوارىء‬
phobia ‫ خوف مرضى‬pharmaceutical ‫خاص بالصيدلة‬
mania ‫ جنون‬/ ‫ ولع‬prescription ‫روشته‬
AIDS )‫ مرض نقص المناعة (إيدز‬jaw )‫فك (اسنان‬
fever ‫ حمى‬indigestion ‫عسر الهضم‬
measles ‫ حصبة‬diarrhea ‫إسهال‬
vegetarian ‫ إنسان نباتى‬nausea ‫نعاس‬
contagion ‫ عدوى‬epidemics ‫اوبئة‬
contagious ‫ معدى‬plight ‫ طاعون‬/ ‫وباء‬
cancer ‫ مرض السرطان‬hormones ‫هرمونات‬
cancerous ‫ قاتل‬/‫ سرطانى‬endorphin ‫هرمون االندورفين‬
diabetes ‫ مرض السكر‬adrenaline ‫هرمون االدرينالين‬
Economy‫إقتصاد‬
economy ‫ اقتصاد‬discount ‫تخفيض‬
economics ‫ علم االقتصاد‬hard currency ‫عملة صعبة‬
economical ‫ موفر‬network marketing ‫تسويق شبكى‬
economic ‫ اقتصادى‬renaissance ‫نهضة‬
commerce ‫ تجارة‬monopoly ‫احتكار‬
commercial ‫ تجارى‬monopolist ‫محتكر‬
goods ‫ بضائع‬items ‫سلع‬
shares ‫ اسهم‬national income ‫الدخل القومى‬
stock market ‫ بورصة‬nationalization ‫تأميم‬
investment ‫ إستثمار‬taxes ‫ضرائب‬
investor ‫ مستثمر‬statistics ‫إحصائيات‬
trade ‫ يتاجر‬/ ‫ تجارة‬canned food ‫طعام معلب‬
second hand ‫ مستعمل‬junk food ‫طعام سريع‬
handmade ‫ صناعة يدوية‬balances ‫موازنات‬
manufacture ‫ يصنع‬accounts ‫حسابات‬
manufacturer ‫ مصنع‬accountant ‫محاسب‬
brand ‫ ماركة‬prices ‫أسعار‬
sales ‫ تخفيضات‬/ ‫ مبيعات‬hypermarket ‫سوبرماركت شامل‬
For sale ‫ للبيع‬expenses ‫نفقات‬
reduction ‫ تخفيض‬revenues ‫عوائد‬
decline ‫ ينحدر‬/ ‫ يقل‬adjustment ‫تسوية‬
auction ‫ مزاد‬bargains ‫صفقات‬
auctioneer ‫ منادى المزاد‬insurance ‫تأمين‬
profits ‫ أرباح‬budget ‫ميزانية‬
finance ‫ مال‬corporation ‫شركة‬
financial ‫ مالى‬capitalism ‫رأسمالية‬
customers ‫ زبائن‬capital ‫رأس المال‬
clients ‫ عمالء‬dealers ‫وكالء‬
consumer ‫ مستهلك‬assets ‫سندات‬
consumption ‫ إستهالك‬purchase ‫يتاجر‬
consume ‫ يستهلك‬purchaser ‫تاجر‬

174
rationalization ‫ترشيد‬ long-term ‫طويل االجل‬
recycling ‫إعادة تصنيع‬ short-term ‫قصير االجل‬
marketing ‫تسويق‬ patent ‫براءة اختراع‬
fire = dismiss ‫ يفصل من العمل‬/‫يطرد‬ merchandise ‫بضاعة‬
labour force ‫القوى العاملة‬ employees ‫موظفين‬
bankruptcy ‫افالس‬ growth ‫تخفيضات‬
bankrupt ‫مفلس‬ decline ‫ يقل‬/‫ينحدر‬
Education ‫تعليم‬ Policy ‫سياسة‬
educational ‫تعليمى‬ policy ‫سياسة‬
boarding school ‫مدرسة داخلية‬ politics ‫علم السياسة‬
reforms ‫اصالحات‬ politician ‫سياسى‬
evaluation ‫تقويم‬ party ‫حزب‬
concentration ‫تركيز‬ elections ‫انتخابات‬
curriculum ‫مناهج‬ allies ‫حلفاء‬
strategy ‫خطة‬ parliament ‫برلمان‬
staff ‫هيئة عاملين‬ constitution ‫دستور‬
principles ‫مبادىء‬ democracy ‫ديموقراطية‬
values ‫قيم‬ democratic ‫ديموقراطى‬
manners ‫سلوكيات‬ belonging ‫انتماء‬
corner stone ‫حجر الزاوية‬ negotiations ‫مفاوضات‬
core ‫ نواة‬/ ‫لب‬ negotiate ‫يفاوض‬
bringing up ‫تنشئة‬ -Anti ‫معارض‬
loyalty ‫والء‬ -Pro ‫مؤيد‬
faithfulness ‫إخالص‬ domination ‫ سيطرة‬/ ‫هيمنة‬
brain drain ‫هجرة العقول العلمية‬ rights ‫حقوق‬
sufficiency ‫إكتفاء‬ activist ‫ناشط‬
generation ‫جيل‬ translucence ‫شفافية‬
creative ‫مبدع‬ equality ‫مساواة‬
cultural ‫ثقافى‬ justice ‫عدالة‬
aware ‫واع‬ freedom ‫حرية‬
inauguration ‫إفتتاح‬ impartiality ‫عدم انحياز‬
verbal ‫لفظى‬ military ‫ عسكرى‬/ ‫حربى‬
non-verbal ‫غير لفظى‬ armed forces ‫قوات مسلحة‬
gestures ‫ ايحاءات‬/‫إيماءات‬ public opinion ‫الراى العام‬
peer ‫ ند‬/ ‫نظير‬ dictatorship ‫ديكتاتورية‬
kindergarten (KG) ‫حضانة‬ tyranny ‫ظلم‬
motives ‫دوافع‬ lawlessness ‫انفالت امنى‬
nutrition ‫تغذية‬ martyr ‫شهيد‬
UNESCO ‫منظمة اليونسكو‬ regime ‫نظام حكم‬
encyclopedia ‫موسوعة‬ uprising ‫انتفاضة‬
deterioration ‫ تدهور‬/ ‫تخلف‬ conspiracy ‫مؤامرة‬
procedures ‫إجراءات‬ looting ‫اعمال سلب ونهب‬
heritage ‫تراث‬ strike ‫اضراب‬
bullying ‫بلطجه‬ diplomacy ‫دبلوماسية‬
innovation ‫ابتكار‬ subjects ‫رعايا‬
talented ‫موهوب‬ national unity ‫وحدة وطنية‬

175
Sport ‫رياضة‬ Psychology ‫علم نفس‬
do sports ‫يؤدى رياضة‬ psyche ‫نفس‬
professionalism ‫احترافية‬ psychology ‫علم النفس‬
professional ‫محترف‬ psychologist ‫عالم نفسى‬
amateur ‫هاوى‬ psychiatrist ‫طبيب نفسى‬
individual ‫فردى‬ complicated ‫معقد‬
Word cup ‫كأس العالم‬ therapist ‫معالج‬
athletics ‫العاب قوى‬ therapy ‫عالج‬
athletes ‫رياضيين‬ deviation ‫إنحراف‬
tournament ‫دورة‬ suicide ‫ ينتحر‬/ ‫إنتحار‬
spectators ‫مشجعين‬ paranoia ‫الشك‬/‫مرض جنون العظمة‬
rivals ‫منافسين‬ paranoid ‫مجنون بالشك‬
fans ‫مشجعين متعصبين‬ schizophrenia ‫مرض إنقسام الشخصية‬
fanaticism ‫تعصب‬ autism ‫مرض التوحد‬
referee ‫حكم مبارة‬ hallucination ‫هلوسة‬
substitution ‫تبديل‬ narcissism )‫نرجسية(حب الذات‬
Extra time ‫وقت اضافى‬ id )‫الهوى(الذات‬
Set example ‫ مثل‬/‫يكون نموذج‬ ego ‫األنا‬
idealist ‫شخص مثالى‬ super ego ‫األنا األعلى‬
behaviour ‫سلوك‬ Physically ill ‫مريض بدنيا‬
fair play )‫اللعب النظيف(العادل‬ mentally ill ً ‫مريض عقليا‬
championship ‫بطل رياضى‬ telepathy ‫اتصال االرواح‬
honour ‫ يكرم‬/ ‫شرف‬ insomnia ‫أرق‬
Unite peoples ‫توحد الشعوب‬ potentials ‫قدرات كامنة‬
finals ‫نهائيات‬ vices ‫رذائل‬
goals\points ‫ نقاط‬/‫أهداف‬ via )‫عن طريق (بواسطة‬
strip of ‫يجرد من‬ theory ‫نظرية‬
take drugs ‫تعاطى المنشطات‬ adolescence ‫فترة المراهقة‬
audience ‫جمهور‬ teenager ‫مراهق‬
bonfire ‫شعلة‬ brain storm ‫العصف الذهنى‬
banner holder ‫حامل الراية‬ influence=impact ‫تأثير‬
defeat ‫ يهزم‬/ ‫هزيمة‬ company ‫ صحبة‬/ ‫رفقة‬
victory ‫نصر‬ deeds ‫ أفعال‬/ ‫أعمال‬
enrich )‫تثرى(تغذى‬ inhibitions ‫وساوس‬
training ‫تدريب‬ identity ‫هوية‬
solo ‫ منفرد‬/ ‫فردى‬ dichotomy ‫إنفصام‬
competition ‫منافسة‬ narcotics ‫مخدرات‬
Physical fitness ‫لياقة بدنية‬ stubborn ‫عنيد‬
Youth hostels ‫بيوت الشباب‬ mislead ‫يضلل‬
muscles ‫عضالت‬ epilepsy ‫صرع‬
coach/ trainer ‫مدرب‬ superficial ‫سطحى‬
gym ‫صالة العاب‬ naive ‫ علنياته‬/ ‫ساذج‬
gymnast ‫العب جمباز‬ alienation ‫ اختالل عقلى‬/‫عزلة‬
Sciences ‫علوم‬ -Self ‫ ذات‬/‫نفس‬
sociology ‫علم اإلجتماع‬ self-made )‫عصامى (بنى نفسة بنفسة‬
biology ‫علم األحياء‬ self-employed ‫يعمل لحساب نفسة‬
176
archaeology ‫علم األثار‬ self-respect ‫احترام النفس‬
botany ‫علم النبات‬ self-esteem ‫االعتزاز بالنفس‬
neurology ‫علم األعصاب‬ self-denial ‫إنكار الذات‬
bacteriology ‫علم البكتريا‬ self-government ‫الحكم الذاتى‬
anthropology ‫علم دراسة االنسان‬ self-centred ‫متمركز حول ذاته‬
psychology ‫علم النفس‬ self-confident ‫الثقة بالنفس‬
physiology ‫علم الفلسفة‬ self-control ‫التحكم بالنفس‬
anatomy ‫علم التشريح‬ self-defence ‫الدفاع عن النفس‬
ecology ‫علم البيئة‬ selfish ‫انانى‬
pathology ‫علم امراض الدم‬ self-rule ‫حكم ذاتى‬
phonetics ‫علم الصوتيات‬ self-satisfied ‫الرضا عن النفس‬
zoology ‫علم الحيوان‬ self-sufficient ً ‫مكتفى ذاتيا‬
Egyptology ‫علم المصريات‬ self-expression ‫التعبير عن النفس‬
Ornithology ‫علم الطيور‬ self-reliance ‫االعتماد على النفس‬
astrology ‫علم التنجيم‬ self-reliant ‫معتمد على نفسة‬
astronomy ‫علم الفلك‬ self- educated ‫علم نفسة بنفسة‬
psychoanalysis ‫علم التحليل النفسى‬ self-contradictory ‫تناقض النفس‬
eugenics ‫علم تحسين النسل‬ self-criticism ‫النقد الذاتى‬
biochemistry ‫كيمياء عضوية‬ self-timer ‫مؤقت ذاتى‬
linguistics ‫علم اللغة‬ self-abuse ‫انهاك النفس‬
Arts‫فنون‬ Government‫حكومة‬
fine arts ‫فنون جميلة‬ president ‫رئيس‬
abstract art ‫فن تجريدى‬ Vice president ‫نائب الرئيس‬
etiquette ‫فن االتيكيت‬ Prime minister ‫رئيس الوزراء‬
graphics ‫فن الجرافيك‬ minister ‫وزير‬
embroidery ‫فن التطريز‬ governorate ‫محافظ‬
calligraphy ‫فن الخط‬ mayor ‫عمده‬
sculpture ‫فن النحت‬ alderman ‫شيخ بلد‬
ballet ‫فن البالية‬ adviser ‫مستشار‬
pantomime ‫فن التمثيل الصامت‬ consul ‫قنصل‬
photography ‫فن التصوير‬ Peoples assembly ‫مجلس الشعب‬
orthography ‫ التهجى‬/‫علم االمالء‬ parliament ‫برلمان‬
cinematography ‫فن التصوير السينمائى‬ ambassador ‫سفير‬
carpentry ‫فن النجارة‬ deputy ‫ وكيل‬/‫نائب‬
Peace & War ‫حرب‬/‫سالم‬ Literature ‫أدب‬
treaty ‫معاهدة‬ incidents ‫أحداث‬
campaign ‫حملة‬ plot ‫حبكة درامية‬
survivors ‫ناجون‬ climax ‫تشابك االحداث‬
survival ‫ نجاة‬/ ‫بقاء‬ weave ‫ينسج‬
victims ‫ضحايا‬ inspiration ‫الهام‬
epidemics ‫أوبئة‬ abridgement )‫إختصار (كتاب‬
truce ‫هدنة‬ essay ‫مقالة‬
Peace maker ‫صانع سالم‬ epic ‫ملحمة‬
prosperity ‫إزدهار‬ fables ‫قصص خرافية‬
luxury ‫رفاهية‬ imagination ‫خيال‬
welfare ‫ىخاء‬ bestseller ً ‫االكثر مبيعا‬
177
progress ‫تقدم‬ extract ‫يقتطف‬
refugees ‫الجئين‬ improvisation ‫إرتجال‬
subjects ‫رعايا‬ personify ‫يجسد‬
destructive weapons ‫أسلحة مدمرة‬ coherence ‫ترابط‬
fatal\ lethal ‫ قاتل‬/ ‫فتاك‬ spiritual strength ‫قوة روحية‬
civilians ‫مدنيين‬ Platonic affection ‫حب افالطونى‬
extremism ‫تطرف‬ propensity ‫إستعداد‬
resistance ‫مقاومة‬ taboo ‫ محارم‬/ ‫محرم‬
sabotage ‫يفسد‬ fiction ‫خيال‬
captives ‫أسرى‬ stimulus ‫ محرك‬/ ‫مثير‬
flourish ‫يزدهر‬ subjective ‫ذاتى‬
nations ‫أمم‬ objective ‫موضوعى‬
spy\ spies ‫جاسوس‬ critical thinking ‫تفكير نقدى‬
secret agent ‫عميل سرى‬ feedback ‫تغذية راجعة‬
treason ‫خيانة عظمى‬ Public opinion ‫الراى العام‬
execution ‫إعدام‬ didactic ‫تعليمى‬
hang ‫يشنق‬ reference ‫مرجع‬
rebellion\ rebel ‫ يتمرد‬/‫تمرد‬ summary ‫خالصة‬
nerds ‫ثوار‬ moral ‫مغزى‬
bombs ‫قنابل‬ e-books ‫كتب الكترونية‬
prevail ‫يسود‬ manuscripts ‫مخطوطات‬
independence ‫إستقالل‬ papyrus ‫ورق بردى‬
assassination ‫إغتيال‬ masterpieces ‫روائع‬
comprehensive ‫شامل‬ edition ‫ طبعة‬/‫نسخة‬
lobby ‫ حزب‬/‫جماعة‬ freelance ‫ مستقل‬/‫كاتب حر‬
violation ‫انتهاك‬ hypothesis ‫ فرض‬/‫افتراض‬
violate ‫ينتهك‬ assumption ‫ زعم‬/ ‫افتراض‬
Tourism ‫سياحة‬ Nature ‫طبيعة‬
tourism ‫سياحة‬ nature ‫طبيعة‬
tourist ‫سائح‬ natural ‫طبيعى‬
destination ‫مقصد‬ anger of nature ‫غضب الطبيعة‬
resort ‫ منتجع‬/‫مصيف‬ disaster ‫كارثة‬
recreation ‫ترفيه‬ disastrous ‫مدمر‬
Hard currency ‫عملة صعبة‬ catastrophe ‫كارثة‬
earner ‫جالب‬ earthquake ‫زلزال‬
attraction ‫جذب‬ volcano ‫بركان‬
attractive ‫جذاب‬ tornado ‫إعصار‬
travel agency ‫وكالة سفريات‬ hurricane ‫إعصار‬
residence ‫إقامة‬ erosion ‫ تعرية‬/ ‫تاكل‬
numerous ‫عديد‬ deforestation ‫قطع الغابات‬
hospitality ‫كرم الضيافة‬ glacier ‫نهر جليدى‬
aboriginals ‫السكان االصليين‬ landslide ‫إنزالق التربة‬
hostility ‫عداء‬ photosynthesis ‫عملية البناء الضوئى‬
density ‫كثافة‬ observatory ‫مرصد‬
monuments ‫أثار‬ avalanche ‫إنهيار الجليد‬
sightseeing ‫زيارة المعالم‬ drizzle ‫رذاذ مطر‬

178
safety ‫أمان‬ temperate ‫معتدل‬
security ‫أمن‬ tropical ‫إستوائى‬
multinational ‫متعدد الجنسيات‬ tremor ‫إهتزاز‬
cultures ‫ثقافات‬ humidity ‫رطوبة‬
civilization ‫حضارة‬ gale ‫ريح شديدة‬
souvenirs ‫تذكارات‬ blizzard ‫عاصفة ثلجية‬
surplus ‫الفائض‬ rainbow ‫قوس قزح‬
chalets ‫شاليهات‬ foggy ‫كثير الضباب‬
pharaohs ‫فراعنة‬ moisture ‫رطوبة‬
homesickness ‫حنين للوطن‬ tame ‫اليف‬
migration ‫هجرة‬ wild ‫برى‬
domestic tourism ‫سياحة داخلية‬ extinction ‫إنقراض‬
ecotourism ‫سياحة عدم االضرار بالبيئة‬ extinct ‫منقرض‬
vacations ‫ اجازات‬/‫عطالت‬ floods ‫فياضانات‬
vacant ‫ فارغ‬/‫شاغر‬ whirlwind ‫دوامة هوائية‬
impression ‫إنطباع‬ evergreen ‫دائم الخضرة‬
mass tourism ‫سياحة جماعية‬ hibernation ‫بيات شتوى‬
national income ‫الدخل القومى‬ dormancy ‫نوم‬/‫ثبات‬
fine ‫ بديع‬/‫غرامة‬ waterfalls ‫شالالت‬
Space ‫فضاء‬ Internet ‫إنترنت‬
space tourism ‫سياحة الفضاء‬ website ‫موقع‬
space shuttle ‫مكوك فضاء‬ network ‫شبكى‬
planets ‫كواكب‬ hacker ‫قرصان نت‬
asteroids ‫كويكبات‬ fraud ‫نصب الكترونى‬
space agency ‫وكالة فضاء‬ communication ‫تواصل‬
Mars ‫كوكب المريخ‬ privacy ‫خصوصية‬
Mercury ‫كوكب عطارد‬ browse ‫يتصفح‬
Venus ‫كوكب الزهرة‬ administrator (admin.) ‫منظم‬
Jupiter ‫كوكب المشترى‬ fake ‫مزيف‬
weightless ‫بال وزن‬ identity (ID) ‫هوية‬
gravity ‫جاذبية‬ posts ‫ملصقات‬
zero gravity ‫إنعدام الجاذبية‬ Personal Computer (PC) ‫كمبيوتر شخصى‬
aliens ‫مخلوقات غريبة‬ wireless ‫ بال أسالك‬/‫هوائى‬
missiles ‫صواريخ‬ logo ‫شعار‬
orbits ‫مدارات‬ misuse ‫إساءة استخدام‬
Cinema ‫سينما‬ fashion ‫موضة‬
casting ‫اختيار الممثلين‬ fashion houses ‫بيوت الموضة‬
stage ‫خشبة المسرح‬ fashion designer ‫مصمم أزياء‬
actor ‫ممثل‬ fashion show ‫عرض ازياء‬
actress ‫ممثلة‬ mantles ‫عبائات‬
scenario ‫ حوار‬/‫سيناريو‬ tastes ‫أذواق‬
director ‫مخرج‬ naked ‫عارى‬
producer ‫منتج‬ semi-naked ‫شبه عارى‬
location ‫موقع تصوير‬ cope with ‫ يساير‬/ ‫يجارى‬
movies ‫أفالم‬ models ‫عارضات أزياء‬
serials ‫مسلسالت‬ variety ‫منوعات‬
179
award ‫ يمنح جائزة‬/ ‫جائزة‬ accessories ‫ كماليات‬/‫إكسيسوار‬
publicity ‫ ذيوع‬/ ‫ شهرة‬cosmetics ‫ادوات تجميل‬
shot ‫ لقطة فى فيلم‬elegance ‫اناقة‬
scene ‫مشهد فى مسرحية‬ lenses ‫عدسات‬
sponsor ‫ راعى‬synthetic ‫مادة صناعية‬
sponsorship ‫ رعاية‬wig ‫باروكة‬
censorship ‫ رقابة‬awesome ‫ رهيب‬/‫مدهش‬
celebrities ‫ مشاهير‬ornaments ‫ادوات زينة‬
location (plateau) ‫ موقع تصوير‬style ‫اسلوب‬
casting ‫ اختيار الممثلين‬stylist ‫فنان‬
stuntman )‫بديل الممثل (دوبلير‬ unique ‫فلته‬/ ‫فريد‬
suspense ‫ تشويق‬contemporary ‫معاصر‬
Revolution ‫ثورة‬
current events ‫ احداث جارية‬revolution ‫ثورة‬
current affairs ‫ شئون جارية‬revolutionary ‫ثورى‬
demonstrations ‫ مظاهرات‬conflicts ‫تسويق شبكى‬
demonstrators ‫ متظاهرين‬hostages ‫رهائن‬
protestors ‫ محتجين‬ransom ‫فدية‬
demands ‫ مطالب‬bribe ‫رشوة‬
curfew ‫ حظر تجول‬new dawn ‫فجر جديد‬
harassment ‫ تحرش‬military coup ‫إنقالب عسكرى‬
terrorism ‫ ارهاب‬priority ‫اولوية‬
terrorist ‫ ارهابى‬majority ‫اغلبية‬
sectarianism ‫ فتنة طائفية‬minority ‫اقلية‬
sects ‫ طوائف‬coward ‫جبان‬
corruption ‫ فساد‬commit follies ‫يرتكب حماقات‬
corrupted ‫ فاسد‬public committees ‫لجان شعبية‬
Muslims ‫ مسلمون‬public referendum ‫استفتاء شعبى‬
Christians ‫ مسيحيون‬polling ‫اقتراع‬
coptics ‫ اقباط‬religion ‫دين‬
solidarity ‫ تماسك‬religious ‫دينى‬
crescent ‫ هالل‬shortage ‫نقص‬
cross ‫ صليب‬confront to ‫يتصدى لـــ‬
cheers ‫ هتافات‬sniper ‫قناص‬
patriotism ‫ وطنية‬living standard ‫مستوى معيشة‬
patriot ‫ وطنى‬court ‫محكمة‬
create a rift ‫ يخلق فتنة‬judge ‫قاضى‬
authority ‫ سلطة‬recruitment ‫توظيف‬
respond to ‫ يستجيب لــ‬mass media ‫وسائل االعالم‬
targeted ‫ مستهدف‬sacrifice ‫ يضحى‬/ ‫تضحية‬
bombs ‫ قنابل‬unite ‫يتحد‬
poverty ‫ فقر‬external ‫خارجى‬
housing ‫ إسكان‬internal ‫داخلى‬
opposition ‫ معارضة‬legend = myth ‫إسطورة‬
innocents ‫ ابرياء‬emblem= slogan ‫شعار‬
crowds ‫ حشود‬social justice ‫عدالة اجتماعية‬

180
put an end ‫يضع نهاية لــ‬ dignity ‫ كرامة‬/ ‫عزة‬
legitimacy ‫شرعية‬ tyranny ‫ظلم‬
legislator ‫مشرع‬ tyrant ‫ظالم‬
legislation ‫تشريع‬ abdication ‫تنحى‬
Zoology ‫علم الحيوان‬ Sea ‫بحر‬
hibernation ‫بيات شتوى‬ marine life ‫حياة بحرية‬
mammals ‫ثديات‬ seabed ‫قاع البحر‬
reptiles ‫زواحف‬ tide ‫المد والجذر‬
arachnids ‫مفصليات‬ nacre ‫عرق اللؤلؤ‬
vampire ‫مصاص دماء‬ pearls ‫لؤلؤ‬
scales ‫ حراشف‬/ ‫قشور‬ coral reefs ‫شعاب مرجانية‬
females ‫إناث‬ torpedo ‫صاروخ بحرى‬
womb ‫رحم‬ jellyfish ‫قنديل البحر‬
..…herd of ‫قطيع من‬ shrimps ‫جمبرى‬
eagle ‫صقر‬ crayfish ‫إستاكوزا‬
instinct ‫غريزة‬ crabs ‫جمبرى‬
sloth ‫حيوان الكسالن‬ creatures ‫مخلوقات‬
rare species ‫ساللة نادرة‬/‫فصيلة‬ school of fish ‫سرب من السمك‬
extinction ‫ إنقراض‬/ ‫إندثار‬ caviar ‫كافيار‬
endanger ‫معرض لخطر‬ tuna ‫سمك التونة‬
Religion ‫دين‬ History ‫تاريخ‬
heavenly religions ‫أديان سماوية‬ historic\ historical ‫تاريخى‬
prophet ‫نبى‬ Pre-historic ‫ما قبل التاريخ‬
prophecy ‫نبوءة‬ heritage ‫تراث‬
messenger ‫رسول‬ birthplace ‫مهد‬
angels ‫مالئكة‬ glory ‫مجد‬
supplication ‫دعاء‬ ancestors ‫ أجداد‬/‫أسالف‬
followers ‫تابعين‬ descendants ‫ نسل‬/ ‫ذرية‬
believers ‫مؤمنين‬ conservancy ‫محافظة‬
unbelievers ‫مشركين‬ conservator ‫محافظ‬
paganism ‫وثنية‬ nobility ‫نبل‬
revelation ‫وحى‬ chivalry ‫ فروسية‬/ ‫شهامة‬
holy ‫مقدس‬ castles ‫قالع‬
obedient ‫طائع‬ fortresses ‫حصون‬
disobedient ‫عاصى‬ fortification ‫تحصين‬
tolerance ‫تسامح‬ invaders ‫غزاة‬
spiritual ‫روحانى‬ raiders ‫مغيرون‬
guidance ‫هداية‬ swords ‫سيوف‬
repentance ‫توبة‬ spears ‫رماح‬
pillar ‫ عمود‬/‫ركن‬ commemorate ‫يحيى ذكرى‬
pray ‫ يصلى‬/‫صالة‬ mortal ‫خالد‬
forgiveness ‫ غفران‬/ ‫عفو‬ witness to the age ‫شاهد على التاريخ‬
sins ‫ذنوب‬ wonders ‫عجائب‬

181
B) Translate into English:
.‫ يجب علينا ترشيد االستهالك فى المياه والكهرباء والطعام وذلك لمواجهة االرتفاع المتزايد فى األسعار‬- 1
We have to rationalize consumption of water, electricity and food to face the increasing rise in
prices.
.‫ نهر النيل هو شريان الحياة بالنسبة لمصر لذلك نقول مصر هى هبة النيل‬- 2
The River Nile is the artery of life for Egypt so we say that Egypt is the gift of the Nile.
.‫ يقوم العلماء بأبحاث عديدة لالستفادة القصوى من مصادر الطاقة المتجددة كالماء والرياح‬- 3
Scientists do a lot of research to make full use of renewable sources.
.‫ من الضروري أن نرشد استخدام الطاقة في المنازل و أماكن العمل‬-4
It is important to rationalize using energy in homes and workplaces.
.‫ تبذل الحكومة قصارى جهدها لتحسين عالقات مصر مع دول حوض النيل‬-5
The government is doing its best to improve Egypt's relations with the Nile Basin countries.
. ‫ يعتبر تهر النيل مصدرا للرخاء واألذدهار لمصر والسودان ولذا يجب أن نرشد استهالكه ونحافظ على نظافته‬-6
The river Nile is considered a source of prosperity and flourishing for Egypt and the Sudan, so we
must rationalize its consumption and keep it clean.
.‫ يجب علينا ترشيد المياه لتجنب أزمة المياه مع دول حوض النيل‬- 7
.We must rationalize water use to avoid water crisis with the Nile basin countries
. ‫ ينبغى أن تعتمد مصر مشاريع للوقاية من نقص فى المياه فى المستقبل‬-8
.Egypt should adopt projects to prevent water shortage in the future
.‫ انه من المحتمل ان الصراع الرئيسى فى أفريقيا فى الخمسة والعشرين العام القادمة سيكون على أزمة المياه‬-9
.The main conflicts in Africa during the next 25 years could be over water crisis
‫ مما الشك فية ان الحروب المستقبلية ستكون من اجل السيطرة على مصادر المياة فى العالم‬-10
.There is no doubt that future wars will be for control of water resources in the world
.‫ ليتعافي االقتصد المصري يجب جذب المستسمرين وتنشيط السياحة وتغير الوعي الثقافي‬- 11
For recovering the Egyptian economy must attract investors and stimulate tourism and awareness of
cultural change.
.‫ استصالح الصحراء هي االمل الوحيد لتحقيق التوازن داخل مصر وموجهة البطالة‬-12
.Reclamation of the desert is the only hope to achieve a balance in Egypt and face unemployment
.‫ تتمتع بالدنا بموارد طبيعية غنية إذا احسن استغاللها سيؤدى ذلك إلى الرفاهية والتقدم الملحوظ‬- 13
Our country has rich natural resources. If we make best use of them, they will lead to welfare and
remarkable progress.
.‫ زيادة االستثمارات فى مجاالت النشاط االقتصادى المختلفة هى مفتاح النمو والتقدم‬- 14
The increase of investments in different fields of economic activity is the key of development and
progress.
.‫ السياحة مصدر هام لجلب العملة الصعبة لمصر لذا علينا أن نقدم كل التسهيالت الممكنة لجذب السياح إلى مصر‬- 15
Tourism is an important source of bringing hard currency to Egypt so we have to offer all possible
facilities to attract tourists to Egypt.

.‫ يجب أن نكرس وقتنا وجهدنا من أجل رفاهية بلدنا‬-16

.We have to devote our time and efforts for the sake of the welfare of our country
. ‫ يجب حماية المواقع األثرية والمتاحف فى كل أنحاء الدولة من اللصوص‬-17
.The archaeological sites and museums all over the country have to be protected from the thieves
.‫ تسعى المؤسسة التعليمية إلى تعميق الفكر الديمقراطى وتدريب األجيال الصاعدة على المشاركة وإبداء الرأى والنقد البناء‬- 18

182
The educational institution seeks to deepen the democratic thought and train the young
generations in participation, voicing opinion and constructive criticism.
.‫ تقوم المرأة المصرية بدور فعال فى كل مناحى الحياة وتسهم بقدر كبير فى تقدم بالدها‬- 19
The Egyptian woman plays a vital role in all walks (fields) of life and contributes greatly to her
country's progress.
.‫ إن زيادة اإلنتاج أصبح واجبا وطنيا ألنه يمكننا من مواجهة مشكلة تزايد السكان والبطالة فى مصر‬- 20
Increasing production has become a national duty because it enables us to face the problems of over
population and unemployment in Egypt.
.‫ يجب أن تحقق مصر االكتفاء الذاتي من األطعمة الرئيسية مثل القمح‬-
We should achieve self sufficiency of main foods such as wheat.
.‫ يجب على الحكومة االستثمار في البنية التحتية وتشجيع االستثمارات الداخلية و الخارجية‬- 22
.The government should invest in infrastructure and encourage local and foreign investments
.‫ البد لدول العالم أن تتعاون لحل المشكالت الناجمة عن الدفء العالمي‬-23
.World countries must co-operate to solve the problems resulted from global warming
‫ كلنا نصبوا لإلصالح ولكن من منا يريد أن تغرق مصر فى فوضى عارمة وحروب أهلية ؟‬-24
.All of us aspire to reform but who of us want Egypt to be in overwhelming chaos and civil wars
.‫ "الثائر الحق هو الذي يثور ليهدم الفساد ثم يهدأ ليبني األمجاد " قال هذا االمام الكبير الشيخ الشعراوي‬- 25
"The real revolutionary protests to defeat corruption, then calms down to build glories" said the
great Imam Sheik El Sharawy.
.‫ متحضر ومحب لوطنه وحريص على تقدمه‬، ‫ لقد اثبت الشباب المصري انه واعي‬- 26
The Egyptian Youth have proved that they are aware, civilized, loving their country and keen on its
progress.
.‫ يجب ان نعمل جميعا بجد في كل المجاالت حتى تصبح مصر من اكثر الدول تقدما وازدهارا‬- 27
We should all work hard in all fields so that Egypt will become one of the most progressed and
prosperous countries.
. ‫ يجب علينا أن نتصدي وبكل حزم لكل أعمال البلطجة والفساد‬-28
We must face strictly all the acts of bullying and corruption.
.‫ البد من تشجيع االستثمارات األجنبية في مصر من أجل النهوض باالقتصاد المصري‬- 29
.Foreign investments in Egypt should be encouraged to improve the Egyptian economy
.‫ للرعاية الصحية‬،‫ للعمل‬،‫ كل ما نحلم به هو فرصة حقيقية للتعليم‬-30
.All that we dream of is a real opportunity for education, employment and health care
.‫ تعتبر الزالزل والبراكين والعواصف وأمواج التسونامي كلها ظواهر طبيعية تدمر كل انجازات اإلنسان‬- 31
Earthquakes, volcanoes, storms, hurricanes and tsunamis are all natural phenomena which destroy
all the achievements of man.
.‫ بالرغم من مزايا المفاعالت النووية ولكن أي تسرب إشعاعي يمكن أن يسبب أضرارا هائلة‬-32
Despite the advantages of nuclear reactors, any radiation leak can cause / result in enormous
damage.

.‫ أن مصر تحتاج إلى جهود المخلصين من أبنائها حتى تتغلب على كل المشاكل التي تعوق تقدمها‬-33
Egypt needs the efforts of its faithful sons in order to overcome all the problems hindering its
progress
.‫ يجب أن تكون المنتجات المصرية عالية الجودة لكي تتمكن من منافسة المنتجات األخرى في األسواق العالمية‬-34

183
Egyptian product must be of good (high) quality to be able to compete other prizes on different
occasions.
. ‫ مصر بلد األمن واألمان ال فرق بين مسلم ومسيحي‬-35
.Egypt is the country of safe and security, there is no difference between a Muslim and Christian
.‫ شعب مصر كريم وطيب معروف بالشهامة وحب الكرامة‬-36
.The Egyptian people are generous and are known for nobility and love of dignity
.‫ لقد حان وقت العمل الجاد من اجل بناء مستقبل وطننا العظيم‬-37
.It is time to work hard to build the future of our great country
.‫ يحقق آمال الشباب‬.‫ يجعل منها دولة قوية اقتصاديا وسياسيا‬،‫ تتطلع مصر إلى أداء اقتصادي مختلف‬-38
Egypt is looking forward to different economic performance makes it a powerful country
.‫ الهجرة الشرعية هى حق كل مواطن ولكن الهجرة الغير شرعية تعرضه لمخاطر كثيرة‬-39
.Legal immigration is every citizen's right but illegal immigration exposes them to a lot of risks
. ‫ ان قضية إصالح التعليم من أخطر القضايا التى تواجه المجتمع المصرى حيث إن البحث العلمى أحد ركائز االمن القومى‬-40
The issue of education reform is one of the most serious issues facing the Egyptian society as
scientific research is one of the pillars of national security
.‫ تمتلك مصر الموارد الطبيعية واأليدي العاملة الماهرة التي يمكن استخدامها لتحقيق الرفاهية‬-41
. Egypt has natural resources and skilled labour that can be used to achieve its welfare
.‫ تبذل الحكومة جهودا مضنية للقضاء علي األمية و لتحقيق التقدم و االستقرار‬-42
The government is making strenuous efforts to eliminate illiteracy and to achieve progress and
.stability
.‫ على رجال األعمال المصريين استثمار أموالهم في مشروعات قومية تخدم المجتمع‬-43
.The Egyptian businessmen should invest their money in national projects that serve the society
.‫ يجب أن تعمل الحكومة واألفراد معا على تقديم المزيد من الدعم والمساعدة للمعاقين واألطفال دوى االحتياجات الخاصة‬-44
The government and the individuals should work together to offer more support and help the
.handicapped and the children with special needs
.‫ البد من تشجيع االستثمارات األجنبية في مصر من أجل النهوض باالقتصاد المصري‬-45
.It is necessary to encourage foreign investments in Egypt to raise the Egyptian economy
.‫ يجب علينا إيجاد مصادر بديلة للطاقة‬،ً‫ بما أن البترول سينفذ قريبا‬-46
.As oil will run out soon, we must find alternative sources of energy
.‫ إن زيادة اإلنتاج وترشيد االستهالك هما السبيل الوحيد للتغلب على مشاكلنا االقتصادية الحالية‬- 47
Increasing production and reducing consumption are the only way to overcome our current economic
problems.
. ‫ إن االستقرار االجتماعي والسياسي سيجلب مزيدا من االستثمارات وينعش االقتصاد‬- 48
.Social and political stability will bring more investments and refresh economy
.‫ تزخر مصر بالعديد من النماذج الهندسية التي تبرهن على براعة المصريين في علم الهندسة‬- 49
.Egypt is full of the engineering models which prove the Egyptions' pioneering in engineering
. ‫ الزراعة والصناعة هما العمود الفقري للتنمية االقتصادية ولخلق مجتمع منتج‬- 50
Agriculture and industry are the backbone of the economic development and of creating a
.productive society

. ‫ تمتلك مصر الحق التاريخي في الحصول على حصتها كاملة من مياه نهر النيل‬-51
.Egypt has the historical right to get its complete share of the water of the Nile water

184
 . ‫ يجب على المواطنين أن يتحدوا مع الحكومة للقضاء على اإلرهاب والتطرف‬-52
.Citizens should unite with the government to overcome terrorism and extremism
. ‫ االستقرار واألمن عنصران هامان لتحقيق نهضة اقتصادية شاملة‬-53
.Stability and safety are two elements to achieve a comprehensive economic renaissance
.‫ البد من عقد مؤتمر دولي لمناقشة وحل مشكلة مياه النيل‬-54
.An international conference should be held to discuss and solve the problem of the Nile water
A) Translate into Arabic :
1. The extravagance and wastefulness in water and energy are negative phenomenon that people
don't realize how serious they are. It is not enough to make awareness campaigns, but also we can
issue a special law called “law extravagant”.
‫ فال تكفى حمالت توعي ة فق ط ب ل يمكن‬.‫يعتبر اإلسراف والتبذير فى المياة والطاقة ظاهرة س لبية لم ي درك الن اس بم دى خطورته ا‬
. "‫اصدار قانون خاص يسمى " قانون مكافحة األسراف‬
2. Egypt is witnessing a volatile period in its history. So, the Egyptian people, Muslims and
Christians, should stand one hand to get through it to the safe side, and to prove, to the whole world,
that they still deserve the nickname "Civilization and history makers".
‫لذا يجب ان يتكاتف ابناء الشعب المصرى مسلميه واقباطه لكى يعبروا بها الى بر االمان لكى‬.‫تمر مصر بفترة عصيبة فى تاريخها‬
.‫يثبتوا للعالم بأسره انهم استحقوا وما زالوا يستحقوا لقب صناع الحضارة والتاريخ‬
3. Can you imagine life without water? I don’t think so. The invisible serious problem of water is
increasing more and more due to the wrong thought that sea and river water is endless in addition to
conflict between countries to control it. Furthermore, the near future will witness a crisis in water.
‫هل يمكن تصور الحياة بدون ماء؟ ال اعتقد ذلك فمشكلة المياه هى مشكلة خطيرة وغ ير مرئي ة وت زداد أك ثر وأك ثر بس بب التفك ير‬
‫ ف إن المس تقبل‬،‫ وعالوة على ذل ك‬،‫ باإلض افة إلى الص راع بين ال دول للس يطرة عليه ا‬،‫الخاطئ بأن مياه البحر والنهر ال نهاية لها‬
.‫القريب سيشهد أزمة في المياة‬
4. Freedom of speech is a right to every person in our society. You can express your personal
opinion freely regarding a certain subject, on condition that you shouldn’t insult others or cause
harm to them. If you respect others’ point of view, yours will be highly appreciated.
‫ بشرط أنه ال‬،‫ يمكنك التعبير عن رأيك الشخصي بحرية فيما يتعلق موضوع معين‬،‫حرية التعبير هي حق لكل شخص في مجتمعنا‬
.‫ وإذا قمت بإحترام وجهة نظر اآلخرين سوف يتم تقديرك بصورة هائلة‬،‫يجب عليك إهانة اآلخرين أو إلحاق الضرر بهم‬

5. It's high time to teach our children loyalty and faith to our beloved Egypt. We should teach them
to be positive members and express their opinions freely. At the same time we should uproot
passivity. Egypt, now is in need of more efforts, more sacrifice and more co-operations to restore its
position in the area.
‫ ويجب أن نعلمهم ليكون وا أعض اء إيج ابيين وليع بروا عن آرائهم‬.‫ح ان ال وقت لتعليم أطفالنا ال والء والوف اء لبل دنا الحبيبة مصر‬
.‫ وفى نفس الوقت يجب أن نقتلع السلبية فمصر اآلن فى حاجة إلى جهود وتضحية وتعاون أكثر الستعادة مكانتها فى المنطقة‬،‫بحرية‬
6. There is a big change in education in Egypt. Many reforms are being made to improve the
educational process to be going with the latest advancements in the scientific and technological
fields to prepare our youth for their work careers. That’s why cooperation is needed between
teachers and students.
‫هناك تغيير كبير في مجال التعليم في مصر وتُبذل الكثير من االص الحات لتحس ين العملية التعليمية لتس اير أح دث التط ورات في‬
.‫المجاالت العلمية والتكنولوجية إلعداد شبابنا ألعمالهم المستقبلية لهذا السبب ال بد من التعاون بين المدرسين والطالب‬
7. Contamination problem draws the scientists’ attention to try to find sources of energy other than
oil. Many countries today discuss its causes and try to put an end of this scary phenomenon. This in
turn improves our environment and keeps it clean.
‫ العديد من البل دان الي وم يناقش ون أس بابه‬. ‫ان مشكلة التلوث تلفت انتباه العلماء في محاولة اليجاد مصادر أخرى للطاقة غير النفط‬
.‫فى محاولة لوضع حد لهذه الظاهرة المخيفة وهذا بدوره يحسن بيئتنا ويحافظ على نظافتها‬

185
8. Music is considered one of the best medical ways of treatment. Doctors use some quiet musical
compositions to treat patients with psychological illness as this helps a lot in relaxing the patient.
Some people believe that music is the food of spirit.
‫تعتبر الموسيقى واحدة من أفضل الطرق الطبية للعالج فمثال استخدم األطباء بعض المقطوعات الموس يقية الهادئة لعالج األم راض‬
. ‫النفسية وهذا يساعد المريض كثيرا على االسترخاء وبعض الناس يعتقدون أن الموسقى غذاء الروح‬
9. Terrorism is mainly caused by unemployment and frustration. Young people, who have no jobs
resort to terrorism, join terrorist bands to get money to spend. Terrorism has very much to do with
deterioration and destroying economic conditions.
‫ وينضمون إلى العصابات‬،‫ فالشباب الذين ليس لديهم وظائف يلجؤن إلى اإلرهاب‬،‫ان اإلرهاب يحدث اساسا بسبب البطالة واإلحباط‬
.‫ واإلرهاب له دور كبير جداً فى تدهور وتدمير األوضاع االقتصادية‬،‫اإلرهابية للحصول على المال لسد نفقاتهم‬
10. The next decades will witness a shortage of food as a result of over population. Genetic
engineering is one of the solutions to this problem. Birth control and family planning can also be
vital solutions.
‫نقصا في المواد الغذائية نتيجة لزيادة ع دد الس كان والهندسة الوراثية هي واح دة من الحل ول له ذه المش كلة‬
ً ‫إن العقود المقبلة ستشهد‬
. ‫ويمكن لتحديد النسل وتنظيم األسرة أيضا أن تكون حلول حيوية‬
11. We should encourage investment, increase production and reduce consumption. This will bring
the prices down and solve the economic problem. It can’t be done without the individuals’ co-
operation with the government.
‫ فه ذا س وف يخفض االس عار ويح ل المش كلة االقتص ادية وال يمكن أن‬،‫يجب أن نشجع االستثمار ونزيد االنتاج ونقل ل االس تهالك‬
. ‫يتحقق ذالك بدون تعاون األفراد مع الحكومة‬
12. Peace gives every country the chance to carry out many useful projects. These projects cost a lot
of money which is spent on wars and destructive weapons. When peace prevails, we can spend such
sums of money to build new factories, reclaim the desert lands, solve the problem of housing and
transport.
‫يعطى السالم كل دولة الفرصة لكى تنفذ العديد من المشروعات الناجحة وهذه المشروعات تكلف الكثير من المال ولكنه ينفق على‬
‫الحروب وأسلحة الدمار وعندما ينتشر السالم نستطيع انفاق هذه المبالغ المالية على بناء المصانع الجديدة واستصالح الصحراء‬
‫وحل مشكالت االسكان والنقلز‬
13. The task of reforming the system of education in Egypt is essential. Through a sound
educational system, we can prepare successive generations of citizens capable of contributing to the
country's progress and of preserving its cultural heritage and moral values.
‫ فمن خالل النظام التعليمى الصحيح نستطيع ان نعد اجيال متتابعة من المواطنين‬,‫ان مهمة اصالح نظام التعليم فى مصر ضرورية‬
.‫القادرين على المشاركة فى تقدم الوطن وحماية تراثه الثقافى وقيمه االخالقية‬
14. The best way to safeguard this country from sectarian strife is to raise the awareness of national
unity. Egypt should be for every Egyptian regardless of their religion. Islam argues for the
principles of citizenship and equal rights for all.
‫ان الطريقة ال ُم ثلى لتحصين هذا الوطن ضد الفتنة الطائفية هى رفع الوعى بالوحدة الوطنية فمصر يجب ان تكون لكل مصرى‬
.‫بغض النظر عن ديانته فاالسالم يحث على مبادئ المواطنة والحقوق المتساوية للجميع‬
15. Poverty and unemployment is a time bomb. Unless we exert extraordinary efforts to uproot
them, we’ll suffer much. The government cannot do this alone; we all should give hand to face that
problem.
‫ وال تس تطيع الحكوم ة أن تق وم به ذا‬,‫ فلو لم نبذل جهودا غير عادية ألستئص الهم س نعانى كث يرا‬,‫أن الفقر والبطالة هما قنبلة موقوتة‬
.‫ ولكن علينا جميعا مد يد العون لمواجهة هذه المشكلة‬,‫وحدها‬
16. National unity in Egypt and good relations between Muslims and Copts is not a slogan but
rather a tangible reality reflected in the unique experience of the people. Differences that emerge
from time to time are only natural and can even happen within the same family whether Muslim or
Christian.
‫الوحدة الوطنية فى مصر والعالقات الطيبة بين المسلمين واألقباط ليست شعار بل واقعا ملموسا ينعكس فى تجربه فريدة من نوعها‬
.‫للشعب والخالفات التى تظهر من حين آلخر طبيعية جدا وقد تحدث داخل االسرة الواحدة مسلمة كانت أو مسيحية‬
17. Globalization has its serious impact on the developing countries. These countries should start
seriously to benefit from the fruits of technology and the necessity of having their grouping to face

186
any expected monopoly. There should be fruitful cooperation and understanding among such
countries.
‫ ويجب على هذه الدول أن تبدأ بجدية لالستفادة من ثمار التكنولوجيا وضرورة أن يكون لها‬.‫للعولمة تأثير خطير على الدول النامية‬
.‫تجمعها لمواجهة أى احتكار متوقع ويجب أن يكون هناك تعاون مثمر وتفاهم بين هذه الدول‬
18. The mobile phone is one of the most fabulous inventions of the present time. It is of great
importance for many people like doctors, businessmen and others. On the other hand, a lot of
people misuse it, so it sometimes becomes a waste of time and money.
‫التليفون المحمول هو واحد من أروع االختراعات فى الوقت الحاضر وتزداد أهميته بشكل كبير لكثير من الناس مثل األطباء‬
.‫ ومن الناحية األخرى كثير من الناس يسيئون استخدامه لذلك فهو أحيانًا قد يكون مضيعة للوقت والمال‬.‫ورجال األعمال وآخرين‬
19. Parents shape their children’s characters from the early beginning of their childhood. They teach
them values and customs. They also share their interests and games. They develop deep emotional
ties with them.
‫ االلعاب ويطوروا‬،‫ضا يشاركوهم االهتمامات‬ ً ‫يشكل الوالدين شخصية أبنائهم منذ بداية طفولتهم فهم يعلموهم القيم والعادات وأي‬
. ‫الروابط العاطفية معهم‬
20. Doctors always confirm the importance of sleep for people of all ages. They think that 7-9 hours
of sleep daily is best for an adult. Babies need a lot more sleep than adults. When we sleep well, we
feel comfortable and become active and alert all day.
 ،‫ ساعات من النوم يوميًا هو األفضل للب الغين‬9-7 ‫ وهم يعتقدون أن‬.‫يؤكد األطباء دائ ًم ا على أهمية النوم للناس من مختلف األعمار‬
. ‫ عندما ننام جيدًا نشعر بالراحة ونصبح نشطين ومنتبهين طوال اليوم‬.‫واألطفال الرضع يحتاجون قد ًرا أكبر عن البالغين‬
21. Water is the origin of life. The expected war in the future will be for water. Egypt and the Nile
basin countries should work together to protect their only source of water.
‫الماء أصل الحياة والحرب المتوقعة فى المستقبل ستكون بسبب الماء ولذا يجب على مصر ودول حوض النيل أن يعملوا معا من‬
.‫اجل الحفاظ على المصدر الوحيد للماء‬
22. Egypt's share of water may be decreased in the future. Citizens should be aware of that problem
and try to rationalize their consumption of water. They should use water wisely otherwise we will
face the problem of thirst in the future.
,‫ربما تقل حصة مصر من المياه فى المستقبل ويجب على المواطنين أن يدركوا هذه المشكلة ويحاولوا ترشيد استهالكهم من المياه‬
.‫يجب ان يستخدموا المياه بحكمة واال سنواجه مشكلة العطش فى المستقبل‬

187