You are on page 1of 9

Tổng quan về thì Hiện tại hoàn thành và thì Quá

khứ đơn
1. Cấu trúc – dấu hiệu nhận biết của thì Hiện tại hoàn
thành và Quá khứ đơn
HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH (PRESENT PERFECT) THÌ QUÁ KHỨ ĐƠN (PAST SIMPLE)

Khẳng định: S + have/has + been +


… Khẳng định: S + was/were + …
Công
Phủ định: S + have/has not + been Phủ định: S + was/were (not) + …
thức to
+…
be
Nghi vấn: Have/Has + S + been + Nghi vấn: Was/Were + S + …?
…?

Công Khẳng định: S + have/has + V(p2)


Khẳng định: S + Ved/cột 2 + …
thức +…
Phủ định: S + didn’t + V(nguyên thể)
động Phủ định: S + have/has not + V(p2)
+…
từ +…
Nghi vấn: Did + S + V(nguyên thể) +
thườn Nghi vấn: Have/Has + S + V(p2) +
…?
g …?

Dấu hiệu nhận biết: just, already,


Dấu
recently, lately, ever, never…before, Dấu hiệu nhận biết: yesterday, last
hiệu
yet, so far, until now, up to now, night, last week, last month, in the
nhận
during/for/in/over + the past/last past, the day before, ago, in + year,…
biết
time, several times,…
2. Cách dùng của thì Hiện tại hoàn thành và thì Quá khứ
đơn
2.1.Cách dùng thì Hiện tại hoàn thành

CÁCH DÙNG THÌ HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH VÍ DỤ

I have known my
best friend Lisa for
Diễn tả một hành động đã xảy ra ở quá khứ nhưng còn kéo
7 years. (Tôi quen
dài đến hiện tại và tương lai.
bạn thân của tôi
Lisa 7 năm rồi.)

She has read this


book several
Đề cập một hành động xảy ra nhiều lần mang tính lặp lại
times. (Cô ấy đọc
cho đến hiện tại.
cuốn sách này
nhiều lần rồi.)

This is the first


time I have been to
Thể hiện kinh nghiệm, trải nghiệm của một cá nhân. Paris.(Đây là lần
đầu tiên tôi được
đến Paris.)
Peter has lost his
door key. He
is trying to find
Diễn tả một hành động nhưng không rõ thời gian cụ thể it.(Peter mất chìa
làm hành động ấy. khóa cửa rồi.
Anh ấy đang cố
gắng tìm được
nó.)

I have run for 3


hours. I’m very
Diễn tả một hành động đã xảy ra trong quá khứ nhưng
tired now.(Tôi
kết quả, hậu quả của hành động ấy còn lưu lại đến hiện
chạy 3 tiếng
tại.
đồng hồ rồi. Giờ
tôi đang rất mệt.)

2.2. Cách dùng thì Quá khứ đơn

CÁCH DÙNG THÌ


VÍ DỤ
QUÁ KHỨ ĐƠN

Diễn tả một hành động I knew Lisa for 7 years, but then she moved
đã xảy ra và hoàn toàn to another place and we lost touch.(Tôi biết Lisa
chấm dứt ở quá khứ, 7 năm rồi, nhưng sau đó cô ấy chuyển đi và
không còn lưu lại một
kết quả nào cho đến
chúng tôi mất liên lạc.)
hiện tại.

Diễn tả một chuỗi các Mary got up early, ate breakfast and went to
hành động liên tiếp school yesterday.(Hôm qua, Mary dậy sớm, ăn
trong quá khứ. sáng và đến trường.)

Dùng để thể hiện một


When I was small, I used to go shopping with
thói quen trong quá khứ
my mother.(Khi tôi còn nhỏ, tôi từng đi mua sắm
nhưng giờ không còn
với mẹ tôi.)
như vậy nữa.

BÀI TẬP 1
Bài 1: Bài tập chia động từ thì quá khứ đơn

1. I (eat)___________ dinner at six o’clock yesterday.


2. A: ___________ Helen (drive)___________ to work? – B: Yes,
she ___________.
3. My neighbor (buy)___________ a new car last week.
4. They (go)___________ to Italy on their last summer holiday.
5. ___________ they (swim)___________ at the beach? – B: No,
they __________.
6. My family and I (see)___________ a comedy movie last night.
7. First, we (do)___________ exercise, and then we
(drink)___________ some water.
8. Suddenly, the animal jumped and (bite)___________ my hand.
9. What time (do)___________ you (get up)___________ this
morning?
10. The Wright brothers (fly)___________ the first airplane in
1903.
11. I think I (hear)___________ a strange sound outside the
door one minute ago.
12. When I was ten years old, I (break)___________ my arm. It
really (hurt) __________.
13. The police (catch)___________ all three of the bank
robbers last week.
14. How many times (do)___________ you (read)___________
that book?
15. Unfortunately, I (forget)___________ to
(bring)___________ my money.
Bài 4: Lựa chọn và điền dạng đúng của từ
teach cook want spend ring
be sleep study go write
1. She…..out with her boyfriend last night.
2. Laura…..a meal yesterday afternoon.
3. Mozart…..more than 600 pieces of music.
4. I…..tired when I came home.
5. The bed was very comfortable so they…..very well.
6. Jamie passed the exam because he…..very hard.
7. My father…..the teenagers to drive when he was alive.
8. Dave…..to make a fire but there was no wood.
9. The little boy…..hours in his room making his toys.
10. The telephone…..several times and then stopped before I
could answer it
BÀI TẬP 2
Bài 1: Chia những động từ trong câu dưới đây ở thì hiện tại hoàn
thành

1. Bo _____ (drive) Rose to work today.


2. They _____ (work) all day and night.
3. We _____ (see) the new bridge.
4. He ____ (have) breakfast this morning.
5. Ann and Don ____ (wash) the car.
6. Kathy ____ (want) to go to Queensland for a long time.
7. Mel ____ (give) up smoking.
8. I ____ (forget) that man’s name.
9. They ____ (lose) their keys.
10. Jack ____ (be) to England.
11. They ____ (leave) London this month.
12. He ____ (bring) a lot of English papers.
13. She ____ (tell) me about it.
14. I ____ (get) a long letter from father this week.
15. She ____ (come), she will speak to you in a minute.

BÀI TẬP CHUNG


Bài 1: Fill in the blank with Present Perfect or Past Simple
1. I ______ (seen) an ambulance recently. Maybe there’s an
accident somewhere.
2. After he ______ (arrive) home, he ______ (eat) dinner and
______ (do) homework.
3. A: What’s wrong with you?
B: I ______ (lose) my bag! I cannot find it anywhere.
4. I ______ (be) in Tokyo for holiday for 3 weeks. I really enjoy
it.
5. We ______ (not meet) Tommy last night.
6. When I ______ (be) 6 years old, I often ______ (go) fishing in
the afternoon.
7. She ______ (be) a teacher before she ______ (become) a
writer.
8. This is the second time I ______ (read) Harry Potter.
9. A: When ______ (you/arrive)?
B: About 11pm last night.
10. Jenny ______ (arrive)! Come and say hello!
11. Mozart ______ (write) more than 600 pieces of music.
12. She ______ (come) to Sydney in 2000.
13. How long ______ (you/know) Johnny? I know you see him
often.
14. I ______ (never/see) the sea before.
15. Dean ______ (not/sleep) yet. He’s still playing games.

Bài 2: Choose the correct answer


1. They built/have built this house last year.
2. A: Hello
B: Hi mum, it’s me. I just want to say that I arrived/have arrived
safely.
3. I had/have had a problem for months, but I didn’t find/haven’t
found a solution yet.
4. Liz was/has been ill for 2 weeks. She’s in hospital now.
5. This is the first time I made/have made a birthday cake.
6. What countries did you visit/have you visited in Africa?
7. My great grandmother went/has been to Vietnam twice.
8. I lost/have lost my keys yesterday. It’s terrible!
9. I’m sorry, my boss isn’t here now. He was/has been on
vacation.
10. David walked/has walked in the rain all morning. He’s sick.

Bài 3: Underline and correct the mistakes in these sentences.


Write “True” if the sentence is right
1. King Henry the Eighth of England has had six wives.
2. He lived in Korea for a while when he was small.
3. Your finger is bleeding! You have cut your finger!
4. What have you done this weekend?
5. What subjects has she studied at university? She’s a teacher
now.
6. He has been married for 10 years, but he got divorced.
7. She has never seen such a fantastic movie before.
8. Mary has lived in England since 2012.
9. I have missed the bus and then I have missed the meeting as
well!
10. She played volleyball since she was a child. She’s pretty
good!

Bài 4: Rewrite sentences using words given


1. Last night / I / lose / keys / so / call / my roommate.
2. I / lose / keys / so / I / find / them / now.
3. She / visit / Thailand / three times.
4. She / visit / Thailand / three times / last year.
5. I / know / great grandmother / for a few years / but / she / die /
when / I / be / 6 years old.
6. I / know / Tommy / for a long time / since / we / be / kids.
7. He / play / piano / at school / but / he / not like / it.
8. He / play / piano / since / he / be / small.
9. We / finish / the test / last week.
10. We / already finish / the exam.

Bài 5: Rewrite sentences with the same meaning


1. The last time I wrote a letter was 5 years ago.
2. When did you build the house?
3. I last met him 3 days ago.
4. She started working as an accountant 2 months ago.
5. He began playing football when he was 6 years old.
6. It’s been 2 years since the last time I went to Ho Chi Minh
city.
7. This is the first time I have seen such a beautiful girl.
8. I haven’t been to Japan for 4 years.
9. I have never eaten such a delicious cake like this before.
10. I have learnt English for 10 years.

You might also like