‫ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡ ﺃﺑﻲ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﺚ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺮﻗﻨﺪﻱ‪ :‬ﻧﻈﺮﺍﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ‬

‫ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡ ﺃﺑﻲ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﺚ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺮﻗﻨﺪﻱ‪ :‬ﻧﻈﺮﺍﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮﺭ‪ /‬ﺃﻧﻮﺭ ﻣﺤﻤﻮﺩ ﺧﻄﺎﺏ‬

‫ﺭﻏﻢ ﺷﻬﺮﺓ ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡ ﺃﺑﻲ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﺚ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺮﻗﻨﺪﻱ ﻭﻣﻜﺎﻧﺘﻪ ﺇﻻ ﺃﻥ ﺍﺳﻤﻪ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺍﺷﺘُﻬﺮ ﺑﻪ )ﺑﺤﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻮﻡ( ﻟﻢ ﻳﺜﺒﺖ ﻓﻲ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻛﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺟﻢ‬

‫‪1 / 19‬‬ ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﻟﻠﺪﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻧﻴﺔ | ‪Tafsir Center for Quranic Studies‬‬
 ‫ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡ ﺃﺑﻲ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﺚ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺮﻗﻨﺪﻱ‪ :‬ﻧﻈﺮﺍﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ‬

‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺨﻄﻮﻃﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﻟﺔ ﺗﺴﻌﻰ ﻓﻲ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﻛﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺟﻢ ﻭﻣﺨﻄﻮﻃﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ‪ ،‬ﺑﻌﺪ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻭﺟﻴﺰ ﺑﺎﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ‬
‫ﻭﻣؤﻟﱢﻔﻪ‪.‬‬

‫ﻳُﻌَﺪّ ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡ ﺃَﺑﻲ ﺍﻟﻠﱠﻴْﺚ ﻧﺼﺮ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﺃﺣﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺴﱠﻤَﺮْﻗَﻨْﺪِﻱ )ﺕ‪:‬‬
‫‪373‬ﻫـ( ﻣﻦ ﺃﻫﻢ ﻛﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺴﻴﺮ؛ ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻧﻈﺮًﺍ ﻟﻤﺎ ﻳﻤﺘﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻦ‪:‬‬
‫● ﺃﻧﻪ ﻳﻬﺘﻢ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺄﺛﻮﺭ‪.‬‬
‫● ﺃﻧﻪ ‪-‬ﺃﺣﻴﺎﻧًﺎ‪ -‬ﻳﺬﻛﺮ ﺍﻹﺳﻨﺎﺩ‪.‬‬
‫● ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺪّﻡ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﻟﻺﻣﺎﻡ ﺃَﺑﻲ ﺍﻟﻠﱠﻴْﺚ ﺍﻟﺴﱠﻤﺮﻗَﻨْﺪِﻱ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﻜﺎﻧﺘﻪ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫● ﺃﻧﻪ ﻳﻌﺪﱡ ﻣﺼﺪﺭًﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺘﻤﺪﺓ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻣَﻦْ ﺑﻌﺪَﻩ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺴﺮﻳﻦ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺜﻴﻦ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﺭﻏﻢ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺇّﻻ ﺃﻥ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺇﺷﻜﺎًﻻ؛ ﺣﻴﺚ ﺇﻥّ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﻣﻄﺒﻮﻉ ﺑﺎﺳﻢ‪) :‬ﺑﺤﺮ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻮﻡ(‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺷﺘُﻬﺮ ﺑﻬﺬﺍ ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣّﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺨﺎﺻّﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺑﺎﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻓﻲ ﻛﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺟﻢ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺨﻄﻮﻃﺎﺕ ﻟﻢ ﻧﺠﺪﻫﺎ ﺗَﺬﻛﺮ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻻﺳﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻧﻤﺎ ﺗَﺬﻛﺮ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﻟﺘﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺁﺧﺮ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﻣؤﻟﻔﻪ ﻣﻨﺴﻮﺏ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺳﻤﺮﻗﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻮ ﻋﻠﻲّ ﺑﻦ ﻳﺤﻴﻰ‪ ،‬ﻋﻼﺀ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺮﻗﻨﺪﻱ ﺛﻢ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻣﺎﻧﻲ‪) ،‬ﺕ‪860 :‬ﻫـ(‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﻣﺎ ﺩﻓﻌﻨﻲ ﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﻟﺔ ﻷﺗﻨﺎﻭﻝ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺍﺳﻢ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻭﻉ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺼﻮﺩ ﻻ ﺑﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺑﻤؤﻟﻒ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ‪ ،‬ﺛﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺑﺎﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ‬

‫ﻭﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﺘﻪ‪.‬‬

‫ﺃﻭًﻻ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺑﻤؤﻟﻒ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ‪:‬‬

‫‪2 / 19‬‬ ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﻟﻠﺪﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻧﻴﺔ | ‪Tafsir Center for Quranic Studies‬‬
 ‫ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡ ﺃﺑﻲ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﺚ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺮﻗﻨﺪﻱ‪ :‬ﻧﻈﺮﺍﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ‬

‫ﻫﻮ‪ :‬ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡ ﻧﺼﺮ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﺃﺣﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺮﻗﻨﺪﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﺃﺑﻮ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﺚ‪،‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺑﺈﻣﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻬﺪﻯ‪ ،‬ﺗﻔﻘﱠﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻴﻪ ﺃﺑﻲ ﺟﻌﻔﺮ ﺍﻟﻬﻨﺪﻭﺍﻧﻲ‪ ،‬ﺗﻮﻓﻲ ﻟﻴﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﻼﺛﺎﺀ‬
‫ﻹﺣﺪﻯ ﻋﺸﺮﺓ ﻟﻴﻠﺔ ﺧﻠﺖ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻤﺎﺩﻯ ﺍﻵﺧﺮﺓ ﺳﻨﺔ ﺛﻼﺙ ﻭﺳﺒﻌﻴﻦ ﻭﺛﻼﺙ ﻣﺎﺋﺔ]‪، [1‬‬
‫ﻭﻗﻴﻞ‪ :‬ﺧﻤﺲ ﻭﺳﺒﻌﻴﻦ]‪ ،[2‬ﻭﻗﻴﻞ‪ :‬ﺛﻼﺙ ﻭﺛﻤﺎﻧﻴﻦ]‪ ،[3‬ﻭﻗﻴﻞ‪ :‬ﺛﻼﺙ ﻭﺗﺴﻌﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬
‫ﺃﺷﻬﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻜﻨﻪ ﻟﻴﺲ ﺍﻷﺻﺢ‪ ،‬ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﺃﻥ ﺣﺎﺟﻲ ﺧﻠﻴﻔﺔ ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﺗﺤﺪّﺙ ﻋﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻪ‪) :‬ﺍﻟﻨﻮﺍﺯﻝ‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻭﻉ( ﺫﻛﺮ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻓﺮﻍ ﻣﻦ ﺇﻣﻼﺋﻪ‪ :‬ﻳﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻌﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻤﺎﺩﻯ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ ﺳﻨﺔ ‪،376‬‬
‫ﺳﺖ ﻭﺳﺒﻌﻴﻦ ﻭﺛﻼﺙ ﻣﺎﺋﺔ]‪.[4‬‬

‫ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﺍﺯﻝ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺧﺰﺍﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗﻨﺒﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻐﺎﻓﻠﻴﻦ‪،‬‬

‫ﻣﻦ ﻣؤﻟﻔﺎﺗﻪ‪:‬‬
‫ﻭﺑﺴﺘﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺭﻓﻴﻦ]‪.[5‬‬

‫‪:‬‬
‫ﺃﻣّﺎ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ]‪[6‬‬

‫ﻓﻬﻮ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻋﻈﻢ ﻛﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺴﻴﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻮ ﻳﻌﺪﱡ ﻣﻦ ﻛﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺄﺛﻮﺭ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﻡ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﺇﻥ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻗﺪﺭٌ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻗﻠﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﺮﺃﻱ‪ ،‬ﺑﺪﺃﻩ ﺑﺒﺎﺏٍ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺤﺚّ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻃﻠﺐ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﻭﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﻓﻀﻠﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺸﻬﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺑﺮﻭﺍﻳﺎﺕ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﱠﻠَﻒ‪ ،‬ﻭﺑﻴﱠﻦ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻻ ﻳﺠﻮﺯ‬
‫ﻷﺣﺪ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻔﺴﱢﺮ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﺑﺮﺃﻳﻪ ﻣﺎ ﻟﻢ ﻳﺘﻌﻠّﻢ ﻭﺟﻮﻩ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﻭﻳﻌﺮﻑ ﺃﺣﻮﺍﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﺰﻳﻞ‪ .‬ﻭﺑﻌﺪ ﺃﻥ‬
‫ﻓﺮﻍ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺪﻣﺔ ﺷﺮﻉ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺴﻴﺮ‪.‬‬

‫● ﻓﻴﺬﻛﺮ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﺍﻳﺎﺕ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﺎﺑﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﻴﻦ ﻭﻣَﻦْ ﺑﻌﺪﻫﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻜﻨﻪ ‪-‬ﻏﺎﻟﺒًﺎ‪ -‬ﻻ ﻳﺬﻛﺮ‬
‫ﺇﺳﻨﺎﺩﻩ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻣَﻦْ ﻳﺮﻭﻱ ﻋﻨﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﺣﻴﺎﻧًﺎ ﻳﺬﻛﺮ ﺍﻹﺳﻨﺎﺩ ﻓﻲ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﺍﻳﺎﺕ‪ .‬ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﺬﻛﺮ ﺑﻌﺾ‬
‫ﺭﻭﺍﻳﺎﺕ ﺇﺳﺮﺍﺋﻴﻠﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﺣﻴﺎﻧًﺎ ﻳﺮﻭﻱ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻀﻌﻔﺎﺀ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺒﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﺪّﻱ‪.‬‬

‫‪3 / 19‬‬ ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﻟﻠﺪﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻧﻴﺔ | ‪Tafsir Center for Quranic Studies‬‬
 ‫ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡ ﺃﺑﻲ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﺚ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺮﻗﻨﺪﻱ‪ :‬ﻧﻈﺮﺍﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ‬

‫● ﻳﺬﻛﺮ ﺃﺣﻴﺎﻧًﺎ ﺍﻷﻗﻮﺍﻝ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﻨﺴﻮﺑﺔ ﻷﺻﺤﺎﺑﻬﺎ‪.‬‬

‫● ﻭﻳﺬﻛﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍءﺍﺕ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺤﺘﺎﺟﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺴﻴﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣُﻘِﻞّ ﻣِﻦ ﺫِﻛﺮﻫﺎ‪.‬‬

‫● ﻳﺴﺘﺸﻬﺪ ﺑﺎﻵﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻧﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﺎ ﻳُﺴﻤﱠﻰ ﺑﺘﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ‪.‬‬

‫● ﻳﺮﺟﻊ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭﻫﺎ ﺃﺩﺍﺓ ﻟﻔﻬﻢ ﺍﻟﻨﺺّ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻧﻲ‪.‬‬

‫● ﻳﺬﻛﺮ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺇﺷﻜﺎﻻﺕ ﻗﺪ ﺗﺮِﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﺺّ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻧﻲ ﻭﻳﺠﻴﺐ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ‪.‬‬

‫● ﻳﻌﺮﺽ ﻟﻤﻮﻫﻢ ﺍﻻﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻨﺎﻗﺾ ﻭﻳﺰﻳﻞ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻹﻳﻬﺎﻡ‪.‬‬

‫● ﻭﻣﻦ ﻣﻨﻬﺠﻪ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻻ ﻳﻌﻘﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﻗﻮﺍﻝ ﺇﻻ ﻧﺎﺩﺭًﺍ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺑﻬﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎﻧﺔ ﻓﻴﻨﺒﻐﻲ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺤﻈﻰ ﺑﺎﻫﺘﻤﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺜﻴﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺠﻮﺍﻧﺐ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻭﻝ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺠﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﻫﻮ‪:‬‬

‫ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ]‪:[7‬‬

‫ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﻟﻴﺲ ﺑﺎﻷﻣﺮ ﺍﻟﻬﻴّﻦ‪ ،‬ﻓﺒﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﻄﻮﻃﺎﺕ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺧﺎﻟﻴًﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻮﺍﻥ‪:‬‬

‫ﺇﻣّﺎ ﻟﻔﻘﺪ ﺍﻟﻮﺭﻗﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‪.‬‬

‫‪1.‬‬

‫ﺃﻭ ﺍﻧﻄﻤﺎﺱ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻮﺍﻥ‪.‬‬

‫‪2.‬‬

‫‪4 / 19‬‬ ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﻟﻠﺪﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻧﻴﺔ | ‪Tafsir Center for Quranic Studies‬‬
 ‫ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡ ﺃﺑﻲ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﺚ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺮﻗﻨﺪﻱ‪ :‬ﻧﻈﺮﺍﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ‬

‫ﻭﺃﺣﻴﺎﻧًﺎ ﻳﺜﺒﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺨﺔ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻭﺍﺿﺢ ﺟﻠﻲّ ﻭﻟﻜﻨﻪ ﻳﺨﺎﻟﻒ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻊ]‪.[8‬‬
‫‪3.‬‬
‫ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﺃﺭﺩﻧﺎ ﺃﻥ ﻧﺤﺪﱢﺩ ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺪﻗﻴﻖ ﻟﻬﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﻓﺴﻨﺠﺪ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﺼﻌﻮﺑﺎﺕ ﺗﺘﻤﺜﻞ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ‬
‫ﻳﺄﺗﻲ‪:‬‬

‫ﺃﻧﻨﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺮﺟﻮﻉ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗُﻌْﻨﻰ ﺑﺬﻛﺮ ﺃﺳﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﻭﺍﻟﻤؤﻟﻔﻴﻦ ﺳﻨﺠﺪ ﺃﻧﻬﺎ ﻟﻢ‬
‫ﺃ‪-‬‬
‫ﺗَﺬﻛﺮ ﻟﻬﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺍﺳﻤًﺎ ﺇّﻻ )ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻧ(؛ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻓﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﻧﻲّ )ﺕ‪1382 :‬ﻫـ(‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ‬
‫ﻗﺎﻝ‪» :‬ﻫﻮ‪ :‬ﺃﺑﻮ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﺚ ﻧﺼﺮ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﺃﺣﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺇﻣﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻬﺪﻯ‪ ،‬ﺻﺎﺣﺐ‬
‫ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗﻨﺒﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻐﺎﻓﻠﻴﻦ«]‪.[9‬‬

‫ﻭﺑﻨﺤﻮﻩ ﻗﺎﻝ ﻋﻤﺮ ﺭﺿﺎ ﻛﺤﺎﻟﺔ )ﺕ‪1987 :‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﻭﺧﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﺰﺭﻛﻠﻲ )ﺕ‪:‬‬
‫‪1976‬ﻡ(]‪.[10‬‬

‫ﺃﻥّ ﻛﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺟﻢ ﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﻟﻢ ﺗَﺬﻛﺮ ﻟﻪ ﺍﺳﻤًﺎ ﻏﻴﺮ )ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ(‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﻓﻌﻞ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺩﺭ‬
‫ﺏ‪-‬‬
‫‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺑﻦ ﻗﻄﻠﻮﺑﻐﺎ )ﺕ‪1474 :‬ﻫـ(]‪ ،[12‬ﻭﺍﻷﺩﻧﻪ ﻭﻱ‪،‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺷﻲ‪) ،‬ﺕ‪775 :‬ﻫـ(]‪[11‬‬
‫)ﺕ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺩﻱ ﻋﺸﺮ(]‪ ،[13‬ﻭﺍﻟﺪﺍﻭُﺩﻱ‪) ،‬ﺕ‪945 :‬ﻫـ(]‪ ،[14‬ﺇّﻻ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻭُﺩﻱ‬
‫)ﺕ‪945 :‬ﻫـ( ﺳﻤّﺎﻩ‪) :‬ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻈﻴﻢ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺃﻥّ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﻣﻄﺒﻮﻉ ﺑﺎﺳﻢ )ﺑﺤﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻮﻡ(‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﻟﻢ ﺃﺟﺪﻩ ﻣﻜﺘﻮﺑًﺎ ﻻ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺔ‬
‫ﺝ‪-‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤؤﻟﻒ ﻟﻠﻜﺘﺎﺏ‪ ،‬ﻭﻻ ﻓﻲ ﺛﻨﺎﻳﺎ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﻭﻻ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻨﱡﺴَﺦ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﻄﻮﻃﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺭﺟﻌﺖُ ﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ‪،‬‬
‫ﻓﻘﺪ ﺭﺟﻌﺖُ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺧﻤﺲ ﻧﺴﺦ ﻣﺨﻄﻮﻃﺔ ﻟﻠﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﺑﺪﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺮﻳﺔ ‪-‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ ﺳﻴﺄﺗﻲ‬
‫ﺫﻛﺮﻩ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ‪.-‬‬

‫ﺃﻥّ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻧﻘﻠَﺖْ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﻟﻢ ﺗَﺬﻛﺮ ﺍﺳﻤﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻥْ ﺫَﻛَﺮَﺕ ﺍﺳﻢ ﻣؤﻟﻔﻬ؛ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺃﺑﻮ‬
‫ﺩ‪-‬‬

‫‪5 / 19‬‬ ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﻟﻠﺪﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻧﻴﺔ | ‪Tafsir Center for Quranic Studies‬‬
 ‫ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡ ﺃﺑﻲ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﺚ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺮﻗﻨﺪﻱ‪ :‬ﻧﻈﺮﺍﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ‬

‫ﺣﻴﺎﻥ ‪-‬ﺭﺣﻤﻪ ﺍﷲ‪) -‬ﺕ‪745 :‬ﻫـ( ﻳﻘﻮﻝ‪» :‬ﻭﺫَﻛَﺮ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﺚ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺮﻗﻨﺪﻱ‪ :‬ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻞ‬
‫‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﻋﻤﺎﺭٌ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺑﻦُ ﻣﺴﻌﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭﺛﺎﺑﺖُ ﺑﻦ ﻗﻴﺲ«]‪[15‬‬

‫ﻭﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡ ﺍﺑﻦ ﻛﺜﻴﺮ‪) ،‬ﺕ‪774 :‬ﻫـ( ﻳﻘﻮﻝ‪» :‬ﻭﺣَﻜَﻰ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﺚ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺮﻗﻨﺪﻱ ﺃﻥّ ﻧﺼﻔﻬﺎ‬
‫‪.‬‬
‫ﻧﺰﻝ ﺑﻤﻜﺔ ﻭﻧﺼﻔﻬﺎ ﺍﻵﺧﺮ ﻧﺰﻝ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ«]‪[16‬‬

‫ﻭﺫﻛﺮ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻃﺒﻲ)ﺕ‪671 :‬ﻫـ(‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺎﻝ‪» :‬ﺣﻜﺎﻩ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﺚ ﻧﺼﺮ ﺑﻦ‬
‫‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺮﻗﻨﺪﻱ ﻓﻲ ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮﻩ«]‪[17‬‬

‫ﻭﺑﻨﺤﻮ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺍﺑﻦ ﻋﺎﺩﻝ )ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺳﻊ ﺍﻟﻬﺠﺮﻱ(‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻵﻟﻮﺳﻲ )ﺗ‪1270:‬ﻬـ(‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻮﻛﺎﻧﻲ‬
‫)ﺗ‪1250:‬ﻬـ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ ﻗﻮﺍﻋﺪ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺃﺑﻲ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﺚ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺮﻗﻨﺪﻱ‪:‬‬

‫ﺇﺫﺍ ﺃﺭﺩﻧﺎ ﺃﻥ ﻧﺤﻘّﻖ ﺍﺳﻢ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﻭﻓﻖ ﺍﻟﻀﻮﺍﺑﻂ ﻭﺳﻴﺮًﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻕ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻬﻮﺩﺓ ﻟﺪﻯ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻘﻘﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﻓﻨﻘﻮﻝ ‪-‬ﻭﺑﺎﷲ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﻓﻴﻖ‪:-‬‬

‫ﺑﻤﺎ ﺃﻥّ ﻛﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻧﻘﻠَﺖْ ﻋﻨﻪ ﻟﻢ ﺗﺬﻛﺮ ﻟﻪ ﺍﺳﻤًﺎ ﻓﺈﻧّﻪ ﻳﺘﺤﺘﻢ ﻋﻠﻴﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻮﻉ ﺇﻟﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗُﻌﻨﻰ ﺑﻬﺬﺍ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻟﻰ ﻧﺴﺦ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﻄﻮﻁ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻘﻊ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺃﻳﺪﻳﻨﺎ ﻟﻌﻠّﻨﺎ ﻧﻈﻔﺮ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺳﻢ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻳﺘﻤﻴﺰ ﻋﻦ ﻏﻴﺮﻩ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﺳﻴﺮ‪:‬‬

‫● ﻭﺑﺎﻟﺮﺟﻮﻉ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗُﻌﻨﻰ ﺑﺬﻟﻚ ﻟﻢ ﻧﺠﺪﻫﺎ ﺗﺬﻛﺮ ﻟﻪ ﺍﺳﻤًﺎ ﺇّﻻ )ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ(‪،‬‬
‫ﺃﻭ )ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻈﻴﻢ( ‪-‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﺗﻘﺪّﻡ‪ -‬ﺭﻏﻢ ﺃﻧﻪ ﺫُﻛِﺮَﺕ ﻛﺘﺒﻪ ﺍﻷﺧﺮﻯ ﺑﺄﺳﻤﺎﺋﻬﺎ‪،‬‬

‫‪6 / 19‬‬ ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﻟﻠﺪﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻧﻴﺔ | ‪Tafsir Center for Quranic Studies‬‬
 ‫ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡ ﺃﺑﻲ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﺚ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺮﻗﻨﺪﻱ‪ :‬ﻧﻈﺮﺍﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ‬

‫ﻣﺜﻞ ‪(:‬ﺗﻨﺒﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻐﺎﻓﻠﻴﻦ) ‪(،‬ﺧﺰﺍﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻪ) ‪(،‬ﺍﻷﺧﺒﺎﺭ ﻓﻲ ﺫﻛﺮ ﺍﻟﺠﻨﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭ) ‪(،‬ﺷﺮﺡ ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻣﻊ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺼﻐﻴﺮ ﻟﻠﺸﻴﺒﺎﻧﻲ(‪) ،‬ﻋﻴﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﺋﻞ(‪ ،‬ﺇﻟﻰ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻣﻦ ﻛﺘﺒﻪ]‪.[18‬‬

‫‪.‬‬
‫ﺃﻭ )ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺃﺑﻲ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﺚ( ﻛﻤﺎ ﻓﻌﻞ ﺣﺎﺟﻲ ﺧﻠﻴﻔﺔ )ﺕ‪1067 :‬ﻫـ(]‪[19‬‬

‫ﺃﻭ )ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺴﻴﺮ( ﻛﻤﺎ ﻓﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﻌﺎﻧﻲ )ﺕ‪ (562 :‬ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﺫﻛﺮﻩ ﻓﻲ ﺗﺮﺟﻤﺔ )ﺃﺑﻲ‬
‫ﻋﻤﺮﻭ ﻋﺜﻤﺎﻥ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﺃﺣﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﺟﻌﻔﺮ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺨﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﺮﻳﻚ(‬
‫)ﺕ‪537 :‬ﻫـ( ﻗﺎﻝ‪» :‬ﻛﺘﺐ ﺇﻟﻲﱠ ﺍﻹﺟﺎﺯﺓ ﺑﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﻣﺴﻤﻮﻋﺎﺗﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻠﺦ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻪ ﻣﺴﻤﻮﻋﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻛﺜﻴﺮﺓ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‪ ... :‬ﻭﻛﺘﺎﺏ (ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺴﻴﺮ) ﻟﻠﻔﻘﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﺰﺍﻫﺪ ﺃﺑﻲ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﺚ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺮﻗﻨﺪﻱ ﻳﺮﻭﻳﻪ ﻋﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻮَﺧْﺸِﻲ )ﺕ‪471 :‬ﻫـ( ﻋﻦ ﺃﺑﻲ ﻣﻠﻚ ﺗﻤﻴﻢ ﺑﻦ ﻓﺮﻳﻨﺎﻡ ﺑﻦ ﺯﺭﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺨﻄﻴﺐ‬
‫‪.‬‬
‫ﻋﻨﻪ»]‪[20‬‬

‫‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺫﻛﺮﻩ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺗﻐﺮﻯ )ﺕ‪874 :‬ﻫـ( ﺑﺎﺳﻢ‪) :‬ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡ ﺃﺑﻲ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﺚ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺮﻗﻨﺪﻱ(]‪[21‬‬

‫● ﻭﺟﺪﺕُ ﻓﻲ ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺮﻳﺔ ﺧﻤﺲ ﻧُﺴَﺦ ﺭﺟﻌﺖُ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﺭﺑﻊ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﺃﺫﻛﺮ‬
‫ﺗﻔﺎﺻﻴﻠﻬﺎ ﺑﻤﺎ ﻳؤﻛﺪ ﺃﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﺨﻄﻮﻃﺎﺕ ﻟﻬﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺴﻴﺮ‪ ،‬ﺗﻔﺎﺻﻴﻠﻬﺎ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺄﺗﻲ‪:‬‬

‫ﺭﻗﻢ )‪ 3‬ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﻋﺮﺑﻲ(‪ ،‬ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻧﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻐﻼﻑ ﺑﺨﻂ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺳﺦ )ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ‬
‫‪1.‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﻈﻴﻢ(‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻲ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺓ ﻋﻦ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ ﻣﺠﻠﺪﺍﺗ؛ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ )‪ 241‬ﻟﻮﺣﺔ( ﻣﻦ ﺃﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﻨﺘﻬﻲ‬
‫ﺑﻨﻬﺎﻳﺔ ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻷﻧﻌﺎﻡ‪ .‬ﻭﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ )‪ 211‬ﻟﻮﺣﺔ( ﻳﺒﺪﺃ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻭﻝ ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻷﻋﺮﺍﻑ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﻨﺘﻬﻲ‬
‫ﺑﻨﻬﺎﻳﺔ ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﻒ‪ .‬ﻭﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ )‪ 355‬ﻟﻮﺣﺔ( ﻳﺒﺪﺃ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻭﻝ ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﻣﺮﻳﻢ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺁﺧﺮ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻜﺮﻳﻢ‪.‬‬

‫‪7 / 19‬‬ ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﻟﻠﺪﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻧﻴﺔ | ‪Tafsir Center for Quranic Studies‬‬
 ‫ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡ ﺃﺑﻲ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﺚ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺮﻗﻨﺪﻱ‪ :‬ﻧﻈﺮﺍﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ‬

‫ﻭﺗﻤﺘﺎﺯ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺨﺔ ﺑﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﻓﻬﺮﺱ ﻓﻲ ﺃﻭﻟﻬﺎ ﻳﺬﻛﺮ ﺭﻗﻢ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺤﺔ ﻟﺒﺪﺍﻳﺔ ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﻛﻞّ‬
‫ﺳﻮﺭﺓ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﺃﻭﻝ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺨﺔ‪:‬‬

‫»ﺑﺴﻢ ﺍﷲ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻴﻢ‪ .‬ﻣِﻦْ ﻣُﻤِﺪﱢ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﻥ ﺃﺳﺘﻤِﺪﱡ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﻓﻴﻖ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻮﻥ‪.‬‬

‫ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺤﺚ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻃﻠﺐ ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ‪:‬‬

‫ﺣﺪﺛﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻴﻪ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﺚ ﻧﺼﺮ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺮﻗﻨﺪﻱ ‪-‬ﺭﺣﻤﻪ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ‪-‬‬
‫ﻗﺎﻝ‪ :‬ﺃﺧﺒﺮﻧﺎ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺟﻌﻔﺮ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﻀﻞ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﻝ‪ :‬ﺃﺧﺒﺮﻧﺎ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﺟﻌﻔﺮ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺍﺑﻴﺴﻲ‪،‬‬
‫ﻗﺎﻝ‪ :‬ﺣﺪﺛﻨﺎ ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺑﻦ ﻳﻮﺳﻒ ﻗﺎﻝ‪ :‬ﺣﺪّﺛﻨﺎ ﻭﻛﻴﻊ‪ ،‬ﻋﻦ ﺳﻔﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺜﻮﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻋﻦ ﺃﺑﻲ‬
‫ﺇﺳﺤﺎﻕ‪ ،‬ﻋﻦ ﻣﺮّﺓ ﺍﻟﻬﻤﺬﺍﻧﻲ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﻝ‪ :‬ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﺑﻦ ﻣﺴﻌﻮﺩ ‪-‬ﺭﺿﻲ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻨﻬﻤﺎ]‪ :-[22‬ﻣَﻦ ﺃﺭﺍﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢ ﻓﻠﻴﻘﺮﺃ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﻓﺈﻥّ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻋﻠﻢ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻴﻦ ﻭﺍﻵﺧﺮﻳﻦ«‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﺁﺧﺮ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺨﺔ‪:‬‬

‫»ﺗﻢّ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﻷﺑﻲ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﺚ ﻧﺼﺮ ﺑﻦ ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺮﻗﻨﺪﻱ ‪-‬ﺭﺿﻲ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ‪ -‬ﻭﺍﻟﺤﻤﺪ‬
‫ﷲ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻫﻮ ﺃﻫﻠﻪ ﻭﻣﺴﺘﺤﻘﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺻﻠّﻰ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﻴﺪﻧﺎ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ ﻭﺁﻟﻪ ﻭﺻﺤﺒﻪ ﻭﺳﻠّﻢ‬
‫ﺗﺴﻠﻴﻤًﺎ ﻛﺜﻴﺮًﺍ‪ ،‬ﺁﻣﻴﻦ ﺁﻣﻴﻦ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻳﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ«‪.‬‬

‫ﺭﻗﻢ )‪ 4‬ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﻋﺮﺑﻲ( ﻭﻫﻲ ﺟﺰﺁﻧ؛ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ )‪ 324‬ﻟﻮﺣﺔ( ﻣﻦ ﺃﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﺇﻟﻰ‬
‫‪2.‬‬
‫ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺔ ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﻒ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ )‪ 549‬ﻟﻮﺣﺔ( ﻣﻦ ﺃﻭﻝ ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﻣﺮﻳﻢ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻜﺮﻳﻢ‪.‬‬

‫‪8 / 19‬‬ ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﻟﻠﺪﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻧﻴﺔ | ‪Tafsir Center for Quranic Studies‬‬
 ‫ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡ ﺃﺑﻲ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﺚ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺮﻗﻨﺪﻱ‪ :‬ﻧﻈﺮﺍﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ‬

‫ﻣﻜﺘﻮﺏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻐﻼﻑ ﺑﺨﻂ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺳﺦ‪» :‬ﺍﻟﺠﺰﺀ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡ ﺃﺑﻲ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﺚ ﻧﺼﺮ‬
‫ﺑﻦ ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺮﻗﻨﺪﻱ ‪-‬ﻋﻔﺎ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ‪ -‬ﻋﻨﻪ ﺑﻤﻨّﻪ ﻭﻛﺮﻣﻪ ﺁﻣﻴﻦ«‪.‬‬

‫‪» :‬ﺭﺏّ ﻳﺴّﺮ ﻭﺗﻤﱢﻢ ﺑﺎﻟﺨﻴﺮ ﻳﺎ ﺃﻛﺮﻡ ﺍﻷﻛﺮﻣﻴﻦ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﺗﺒﺪﺃ ﺑــ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺤﻤﺪ ﷲ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺃﻧﺰﻝ ﻛﻼﻣﻪ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﻳﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﻴﻦ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺧﺎﺗﻢ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻴﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭﻧﺴﺦ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﺳﺎﺋﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻞ ﻭﺍﻷﺩﻳﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻘﺪﻣﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭﺻﻠﻮﺍﺗﻪ ﻭﺳﻼﻣﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺧﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻳﺔ ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻧﺒﻴﺎﺋﻪ‬
‫ﺃﺟﻤﻌﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﻟﻪ ﺍﻟﻄﻴﺒﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﺻﺤﺎﺑﻪ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻫﺮﻳﻦ ﻭﺧﻠﻔﺎﺋﻪ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺘﺒﻴﻦ‪.‬‬

‫ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻴﻪ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺘﻬﺪ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﻉ ﺍﻟﻮﺭﻉ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﺚ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺮﻗﻨﺪﻱ ‪-‬ﺭﺿﻲ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ‪ :-‬ﺇﻥّ‬
‫ﺃﺷﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻮﻡ ﻛﻼﻡ ﺍﷲ ‪-‬ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ‪ -‬ﻭﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮﻩ‪ ،‬ﻓﻼ ﺑﺪ ﻭﺃﻥ ﻳﺒﻴّﻦ ﺍﻟﺤﺚّ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺤﺮﻳﺾ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺫﻟﻚ‪.‬‬

‫ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺤﺚّ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻃﻠﺐ ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ‪:‬‬

‫ﺃﺧﺒﺮﻧﺎ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡ ﺍﻷﺳﺘﺎﺫ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ ﺍﻟﺰﺍﻫﺪ ﺑﺮﻫﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺨﻲ ‪-‬ﻗﺪّﺱ‬
‫ﺍﷲ ﺭﻭﺣﻪ ﻭﻧﻮﺭ ﺿﺮﻳﺤﻪ‪ -‬ﻗﺎﻝ‪ :‬ﺣﺪﺛﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻮﺍﺑﻲ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﻝ‪:‬‬
‫ﺣﺪﺛﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻓﻆ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﻝ‪ :‬ﺣﺪﺛﻨﺎ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺳﻢ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﷲ‬
‫ﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﺨﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻭﺯﻱ‪ ،‬ﻋﻦ ﺃﺑﻲ ﺳﻬﻞ ﺃﺣﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﻋﻦ ﺃﺑﻲ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﺚ ﻧﺼﺮ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‬
‫ﺑﻦ ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺮﻗﻨﺪﻱ ﻗﺎﻝ‪ :‬ﺣﺪﺛﻨﺎ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺟﻌﻔﺮ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﻀﻞ ﻗﺎﻝ‪ :‬ﺣﺪﺛﻨﺎ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ‬
‫ﺟﻌﻔﺮ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺍﺑﻴﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﻝ‪ :‬ﺣﺪﺛﻨﺎ ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺑﻦ ﻳﻮﺳﻒ ﻗﺎﻝ‪ :‬ﺣﺪّﺛﻨﺎ ﻭﻛﻴﻊ‪ ،‬ﻋﻦ ﺳﻔﻴﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺜﻮﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻋﻦ ﺃﺑﻲ ﺇﺳﺤﺎﻕ‪ ،‬ﻋﻦ ﻣﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻬﻤﺬﺍﻧﻲ ﻗﺎﻝ‪ :‬ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﺑﻦ ﻣﺴﻌﻮﺩ ‪-‬ﺭﺿﻲ ﺍﷲ‬
‫ﻋﻨﻬﻤﺎ]‪ :-[23‬ﻣﻦ ﺃﺭﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢ ﻓﻠﻴﺜﺮ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ‪ -‬ﻭﻓﻲ ﺭﻭﺍﻳﺔ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ‪ :‬ﻓﻠﻴؤﺛﺮ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ؛ ﻓﺈﻥّ‬

‫‪9 / 19‬‬ ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﻟﻠﺪﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻧﻴﺔ | ‪Tafsir Center for Quranic Studies‬‬
 ‫ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡ ﺃﺑﻲ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﺚ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺮﻗﻨﺪﻱ‪ :‬ﻧﻈﺮﺍﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ‬

‫ﻓﻴﻪ ﻋﻠﻢ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻴﻦ ﻭﺍﻵﺧﺮﻳﻦ«‪.‬‬

‫»ﺗﻢ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ‪ ،‬ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﻷﺑﻲ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﺚ ﻧﺼﺮ ﺑﻦ ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ‪-‬ﺭﺿﻲ ﺍﷲ‬
‫ﻭﺁﺧﺮ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺨﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ﻋﻨﻪ‪ -‬ﻭﺍﻟﺤﻤﺪ ﷲ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻫﻮ ﺃﻫﻠﻪ ﻭﻣﺴﺘﺤﻘﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﻴﺪﻧﺎ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ ﻭﺁﻟﻪ‬
‫ﻭﺻﺤﺒﻪ ﻭﺳﻠﻢ‪.‬‬

‫ﻧَﻤﱠﻖَ ﺃﺿﻌﻒ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﺍﻳﺎ ﺍﻟﺬﻟﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺛﻖ ﺑﻤﻦ ﻗﺎﻝ‪} :‬ﺍﺩﻋﻮﻧﻲ{ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺎﻳﺶ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺷﻤﻮﻧﻲ‪ ،‬ﻏﻔﺮ ﺍﷲ ﻟﻪ ﻭﻟﻮﺍﻟﺪﻳﻪ ﻭﻟﻤﻦ ﺩﻋﺎ ﻟﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻐﻔﺮﺓ‪.‬‬

‫ﺟَﻞﱠ ﻣَﻦ ﻻ ﻋﻴﺐَ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻭﻋَﻼ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﻥْ ﺗﺠﺪ ﻋﻴﺒًﺎ ﻓﺴُﺪﱠ ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻼ‬

‫ﻓﻲ ﻏﺮﺓ ﺷﻬﺮ ﺭﺑﻴﻊ ﺁﺧﺮ‪ ،‬ﻓﻲ ﺳﻨﺔ ‪1139‬ﻫـ«‪.‬‬

‫ﺭﻗﻢ )‪ 5‬ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﻋﺮﺑﻲ( ﻭﻫﻲ ﻣﺠﻠﺪ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ )‪ 1091‬ﻟﻮﺣﺔ(‪ ،‬ﺑﻬﺎ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺗﻌﻠﻴﻘﺎﺕ‬
‫‪3.‬‬
‫ﻳﺴﻴﺮﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﻭﺍﺿﺢ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻮﺭﻕ ﺃﻧﻬﺎ ﻗﺪﻳﻤﺔ ﺟﺪًّﺍ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﻟﻢ ﻳﺪﻭّﻥ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺃﻱّ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺃﻭ ﺍﺳﻢ‬
‫ﻧﺎﺳﺦ‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﻜﺘﻮﺏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺻﻔﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻐﻼﻑ‪» :‬ﻭﻗﻒ ﺷﻴﺦ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﻟﺤﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻧﺒﻼﻧﻲ ﺍﻟﺤﻨﻔﻲ‬
‫‪-‬ﺭﺣﻤﻪ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ‪ -‬ﺑﺠﺎﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﺠﻨﻴﺪ ﺑﻘﻨﺎﻃﺮ ﺍﻟﺴﺒﺎﻉ«]‪.[24‬‬

‫»ﺑﺴﻢ ﺍﷲ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻴﻢ‪ .‬ﻣﻦ ﻣُﻤِﺪّ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﻥ ﺃﺳﺘﻤِﺪﱡ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﻓﻴﻖ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻮﻥ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﺃﻭﻟﻬﺎ‪:‬‬

‫ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺤﺚّ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻃﻠﺐ ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ‪.‬‬

‫‪10 / 19‬‬ ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﻟﻠﺪﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻧﻴﺔ | ‪Tafsir Center for Quranic Studies‬‬
 ‫ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡ ﺃﺑﻲ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﺚ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺮﻗﻨﺪﻱ‪ :‬ﻧﻈﺮﺍﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ‬

‫ﺣﺪﺛﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻴﻪ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﺚ ﻧﺼﺮ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺮﻗﻨﺪﻱ ‪-‬ﺭﺣﻤﻪ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ‪-‬‬
‫ﻗﺎﻝ‪ :‬ﺃﺧﺒﺮﻧﺎ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺟﻌﻔﺮ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﻀﻞ ﻗﺎﻝ‪ :‬ﺃﺧﺒﺮﻧﺎ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﺟﻌﻔﺮ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺍﺑﻴﺴﻲ‪،‬‬
‫ﻗﺎﻝ‪ :‬ﺣﺪﺛﻨﺎ ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺑﻦ ﻳﻮﺳﻒ ﻗﺎﻝ‪ :‬ﺣﺪّﺛﻨﺎ ﻭﻛﻴﻊ‪ ،‬ﻋﻦ ﺳﻔﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺜﻮﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻋﻦ ﺃﺑﻲ‬
‫ﺇﺳﺤﺎﻕ‪ ،‬ﻋﻦ ﻣﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻬﻤﺬﺍﻧﻲ ﻗﺎﻝ‪ :‬ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﺑﻦ ﻣﺴﻌﻮﺩ ‪-‬ﺭﺿﻲ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ‪ :-‬ﻣﻦ ﺃﺭﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢ‬
‫ﻓﻠﻴﺜﺮ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ‪-‬ﻭﻓﻲ ﺭﻭﺍﻳﺔ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ ﻓﻠﻴؤﺛﺮ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ‪ -‬ﻓﺈﻥّ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻋﻠﻢ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻴﻦ ﻭﺍﻵﺧﺮﻳﻦ«‪.‬‬

‫»ﺗﻢ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﻷﺑﻲ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﺚ ﻧﺼﺮ ﺑﻦ ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺮﻗﻨﺪﻱ ‪-‬ﺭﺿﻲ ﺍﷲ‬
‫ﻭﺁﺧﺮﻫﺎ‪:‬‬
‫ﻋﻨﻪ‪ -‬ﻭﺍﻟﺤﻤﺪ ﷲ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻫﻮ ﺃﻫﻠﻪ ﻭﻣﺴﺘﺤﻘﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﻴﺪﻧﺎ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ ﻭﺁﻟﻪ‬
‫ﻭﺻﺤﺒﻪ ﻭﺳﻠﻢ ﺗﺴﻠﻴﻤًﺎ ﻛﺜﻴﺮًﺍ‪ ،‬ﺁﻣﻴﻦ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻳﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ«‪.‬‬

‫ﺭﻗﻢ )‪ 6‬ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﻋﺮﺑﻲ( ﻣﻜﺘﻮﺏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻐﻼﻑ ﺑﺨﻂ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺳﺦ‪» :‬ﻭﻗﻒ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ‬
‫‪4.‬‬
‫ﻭﺗﺼﺪّﻕ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺑﺘﻐﺎﺀً ﻟﻮﺟﻪ ﺍﷲ ‪-‬ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ‪ -‬ﻭﻃﻠﺒًﺎ ﻟﻤﺮﺿﺎﺗﻪ‪ :‬ﺍﻷﻣﻴﺮ ﺃﺣﻤﺪ ﺃﻏﺎ ﺑﺎﺵ ﺟﺎﻭﻳﺶ‬
‫ﺗﻔﻜﺠﻴﺎﻥ‪ .‬ﻭﺟﻌﻞ ﻣﻘﺮّﻩ ﻓﻲ ﺧﺰﺍﻧﺔ ﺟﺎﻣﻊ ﺷﻴﺨﻮﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗﺤﺖ ﻳﺪ ﻛﻞّ ﻣَﻦ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺇﻣﺎﻣًﺎ ﺑﻪ‪،‬‬
‫ﺗﻘﺒﻞ ﺍﷲ ﻣﻨﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﺑﺘﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺳﻨﺔ ‪1193‬ﻫـ«‪.‬‬

‫ﺃﻭﻟﻬﺎ‪:‬‬

‫»ﺑﺴﻢ ﺍﷲ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻴﻢ‬

‫ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺤﺚّ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻃﻠﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺴﻴﺮ‬

‫ﻗﺎﻝ‪ :‬ﺃﺧﺒﺮﻧﺎ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺍﻟﻔﻀﻞ ﺟﺒﺮﻳﻞ ﺑﻦ ﺃﺣﻤﺪ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻲ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﻝ‪ :‬ﺃﻧﺒﺄﻧﺎ ﺃﺑﻮ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﻟﻘﻤﺎﻥ ﺑﻦ‬
‫ﺣﻜﻴﻢ ﺑﻦ ﺧﻠﻒ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻏﺎﻧﻲ ﺑﺄﻭﺯﻛﻨﺪﺓ ﻗﺎﻝ‪ :‬ﺣﺪﺛﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻴﻪ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﺚ ﻧﺼﺮ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ‬

‫‪11 / 19‬‬ ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﻟﻠﺪﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻧﻴﺔ | ‪Tafsir Center for Quranic Studies‬‬
 ‫ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡ ﺃﺑﻲ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﺚ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺮﻗﻨﺪﻱ‪ :‬ﻧﻈﺮﺍﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ‬

‫ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺮﻗﻨﺪﻱ ‪-‬ﺭﺣﻤﺔ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‪ -‬ﻗﺎﻝ‪ :‬ﺃﺧﺒﺮﻧﺎ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺟﻌﻔﺮ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﻀﻞ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﻝ‪:‬‬
‫ﺃﺧﺒﺮﻧﺎ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﺟﻌﻔﺮ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺍﺑﻴﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﻝ‪ :‬ﺣﺪﺛﻨﺎ ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺑﻦ ﻳﻮﺳﻒ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﻝ‪ :‬ﺣﺪّﺛﻨﺎ ﻭﻛﻴﻊ‪،‬‬
‫ﻋﻦ ﺳﻔﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺜﻮﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻋﻦ ﺃﺑﻲ ﺇﺳﺤﺎﻕ‪ ،‬ﻋﻦ ﻣﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻬﻤﺬﺍﻧﻲ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﻝ‪ :‬ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﺑﻦ ﻣﺴﻌﻮﺩ‬
‫‪-‬ﺭﺿﻲ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ‪ :-‬ﻣﻦ ﺃﺭﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢ ﻓﻠﻴﺜﺮ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ‪-‬ﻭﻓﻲ ﺭﻭﺍﻳﺔ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ ﻓﻠﻴؤﺛﺮ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ‪-‬‬
‫ﻓﺈﻥ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻋﻠﻢ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻴﻦ ﻭﺍﻵﺧﺮﻳﻦ«‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﺁﺧﺮﻫﺎ‪:‬‬

‫»ﻭﺍﷲ ﺃﻋﻠﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﻴﺪﻧﺎ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺧﺎﺗﻢ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻴﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻣﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻘﻴﻦ ﻭﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺭﺏ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻷﻧﺒﻴﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺮﺳﻠﻴﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻼﺋﻜﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻘﺮﺑﻴﻦ ﻭﺃﻫﻞ ﻃﺎﻋﺘﻚ‬
‫ﺃﺟﻤﻌﻴﻦ‪ .‬ﻭﺭﺿﻲ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻦ ﺃﺻﺤﺎﺏ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ﺃﺟﻤﻌﻴﻦ ﻭﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﻴﻦ ﻭﺗﺎﺑﻌﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﻴﻦ ﻟﻬﻢ ﺑﺈﺣﺴﺎﻥ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻳﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ‪ ،‬ﺣَﺴْﺒُﻨﺎ ﺍﷲ ﻭﻧِﻌﻢ ﺍﻟﻮﻛﻴﻞ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﻭﺍﻓﻖ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺍﻍ ﻣﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺎﺭﻙ ﻟﻤﻮﻻﻧﺎ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ ﺍﻟﻌّﻼﻣﺔ ﺃﺑﻲ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﺚ‬
‫ﻧﺼﺮ ﺑﻦ ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺮﻗﻨﺪﻱ‪ ،‬ﺭﺿﻲ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ‪ ،‬ﺁﻣﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﺭﺿﺎﻩ ﻭﺟﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﺠﻨﺔ ﻣﻨﻘﻠﺒﻪ‬
‫ﻭﻣﺜﻮﺍﻩ‪ ،‬ﻭﻧﻔﻌﻨﺎ ﺑﻌﻠﻮﻣﻪ ﻭﻣﺪﺩﻩ ﻭﺃﺳﺮﺍﺭﻩ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭﻳﻦ‪ ،‬ﺁﻣﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﻓﻲ ﻳﻮﻡ ﺍﻷﺣﺪ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺎﺭﻙ‬
‫ﻣﺴﺘﻬﻞ ﻣﺤﺮﻡ ﺍﻟﺤﺮﺍﻡ ﺍﻓﺘﺘﺎﺡ ﺳﻨﺔ ﺍﺛﻨﻴﻦ ﻭﺗﺴﻌﻴﻦ ﻭﺗﺴﻌﻤﺎﺋﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺎﺭﻛﺔ‪ .‬ﺃﺣﺴﻦ ﺍﷲ‬
‫ﻋﺎﻗﺒﺘﻬﺎ ﺑﻤﺤﻤﺪ ﻭﺁﻟﻪ«‪.‬‬

‫ﺭﻗﻢ )‪ 1195‬ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﻋﺮﺑﻲ( ﻟﻢ ﺃﻃﻠﻊ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﻄﻮﻃﺔ ﻧﻔﺴﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﻏﻴﺮ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻣﺴﺠﻞ‬
‫‪5.‬‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﺴﺠﻞ ﺃﻥ ﻋﺪﺩ ﺃﻭﺭﺍﻗﻬﺎ )‪ 238‬ﻭﺭﻗﺔ( ﺁﺧﺮﻫﺎ ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻷﻧﻌﺎﻡ‪.‬‬

‫ﻓﺎﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﺇﺫًﺍ ﻳﺪﻭﺭ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻵﺗﻲ‪:‬‬

‫‪12 / 19‬‬ ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﻟﻠﺪﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻧﻴﺔ | ‪Tafsir Center for Quranic Studies‬‬
 ‫ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡ ﺃﺑﻲ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﺚ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺮﻗﻨﺪﻱ‪ :‬ﻧﻈﺮﺍﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ‬

‫)ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ( ﻛﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻛﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺍﺟﻊ‪ ،‬ﻭﻛﻤﺎ ﻫﻮ ﻣﺪﻭﱠﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺦ ﺑﺨﻂ‬
‫ﺃ‪-‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺳﺦ‪.‬‬

‫)ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻈﻴﻢ( ﻛﻤﺎ ﻫﻮ ﻣﺪﻭﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺨﺔ )‪ (3‬ﺑﺪﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺮﻳﺔ‬
‫ﺏ‪-‬‬
‫ﺑﺨﻂ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺳﺦ‪ ،‬ﻭﻛﻤﺎ ﺫﻛﺮﻩ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻭﺩﻱ‪.‬‬

‫)ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺃﺑﻲ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﺚ( )ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺃﺑﻲ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﺚ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺮﻗﻨﺪﻱ( ﻛﻤﺎ ﺫﻛﺮﻩ ﺑﻌﺾ ﻣَﻦ ﻧﻘﻞ ﻋﻨﻪ‪،‬‬
‫ﺝ‪-‬‬
‫ﻭﻛﻤﺎ ﻫﻮ ﻓﻲ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗُﻌﻨﻰ ﺑﺒﻴﺎﻥ ﺃﺳﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﻭﺍﻟﻤؤﻟﻔﻴﻦ‪.‬‬

‫ﺃﻥّ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡ ﺃﺑﺎ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﺚ ﻟﻢ ﻳﻜﺘﺐ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺑﻨﻔﺴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻧﻤﺎ ﺃﻣﻼﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻷﻗﺮﺏ ‪-‬ﻋﻨﺪﻱ‪-‬‬
‫ﺗﻼﻣﻴﺬﻩ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻢ ﻳﺬﻛﺮ ﻟﻪ ﺍﺳﻤًﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﺬﻛﺮﻩ ﻣَﻦ ﺑﻌﺪﻩ ﻣِﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎﺀ ﺑﻤﺎ ﻳﻤﻴﺰﻩ ﻋﻦ ﻏﻴﺮﻩ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﻛﺘﺒﻪ ﻓﺄﻃﻠﻖ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﺳﻢ‪) :‬ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ( ﺃﻭ )ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻈﻴﻢ(‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﺃﺭﺍﺩ ﺁﺧﺮﻭﻥ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻤﻴﺰﻭﻩ ﻋﻦ ﻏﻴﺮﻩ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﺳﻴﺮ ﻓﺄﻃﻠﻘﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‪) :‬ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺃﺑﻲ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﺚ(‪،‬‬
‫)ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺃﺑﻲ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﺚ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺮﻗﻨﺪﻱ(‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﺮﺟّﺢ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻤﺎﻝ ﻋﺪّﺓ ﺃﻣﻮﺭ‪:‬‬

‫‪ :‬ﺃﻥّ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﻟﻢ ﺗﺘﻔﻖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺳﻢٍ ﻟﻬﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺴﻴﺮ‪ ،‬ﻣﻤﺎ ﻳَﻌﻨﻲ ﺃﻥّ ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻤﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬
‫ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ‪.‬‬

‫‪ :‬ﺃﻥّ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﻨﱡﺴَﺦ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻭﻗﻔﺖُ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺗﻔﺘﺘﺢ ﺑﻤﺎ ﻳﻔﻴﺪ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﻭﺻﻞ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺳﺦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ‬
‫ﻋﻦ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﺍﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻬﻮ ﻳﺬﻛﺮ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻭﺻﻞ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﻋﻦ ﻃﺮﻳﻘﻪ ‪-‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﺗﻘﺪﻡ‪.-‬‬

‫‪13 / 19‬‬ ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﻟﻠﺪﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻧﻴﺔ | ‪Tafsir Center for Quranic Studies‬‬
 ‫ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡ ﺃﺑﻲ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﺚ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺮﻗﻨﺪﻱ‪ :‬ﻧﻈﺮﺍﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ‬

‫‪ :‬ﺃﻥّ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻓًﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻃﺮﻕ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﺍﻳﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﱡﺴَﺦ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺪ ﻗﺪﱠﻣﻨﺎ ﺑﻌﺾ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻕ‪،‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬
‫ﺑﻤﺎ ﻳُﻐﻨِﻲ ﻋﻦ ﺇﻋﺎﺩﺗﻬﺎ‪.‬‬

‫‪:‬‬
‫ﺇﺷﻜﺎﻝ‬

‫ﻭﺭﻏﻢ ﻣﺎ ﺳﺒﻖ ﺇﻻ ﺃﻧﻨﺎ ﻧﺠﺪ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﻃﺒﻊ ﻋﺪّﺓ ﻃﺒﻌﺎﺕ ﻳﺤﻤﻞ ﺍﺳﻢ‪) :‬ﺑﺤﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻮﻡ(‪ ،‬ﻣﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺃﻭﻗﻊ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻠﺒﺲ؟!‬

‫ﻭﻟﻠﺠﻮﺍﺏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻧﻘﻮﻝ‪ :‬ﺇﻥ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻛﺘﺎﺏَ ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮٍ ﺁﺧﺮ ﻳﺴﻤﱠﻰ )ﺑﺤﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻮﻡ( ﻭﻣؤﻟﻔﻪ‬
‫ﻣﻨﺴﻮﺏ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺳﻤﺮﻗﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻮ ﻋﻠﻲّ ﺑﻦ ﻳﺤﻴﻰ‪ ،‬ﻋﻼﺀ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺮﻗﻨﺪﻱ ﺛﻢ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻣﺎﻧﻲ )ﺕ‪:‬‬
‫‪860‬ﻫـ(‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺰﺭﻛﻠﻲ‪» :‬ﻭﺭﺩَ ﺫﻛﺮﻩ ﻓﻲ ﻓﻬﺮﺳﻲ ﺍﻷﺯﻫﺮ )‪ (178 :1‬ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻌﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ‪ ،‬ﻭﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ )‪ ،(37 :1‬ﻣﻨﺴﻮﺑًﺎ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﺑﻲ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﺚ ﻧﺼﺮ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺮﻗﻨﺪﻱ«]‪.[25‬‬

‫ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺠﺐ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺤﻘّﻖ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﺣﻴﻦ ﻳُﺨَﻄﱢﺊ ﺍﻟﺰﺭﻛﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﻳﻘﻮﻝ‪» :‬ﻭﻗﺪ ﺷﻜّﻚ ﺍﻟﺰﺭﻛﻠﻲ ﻓﻲ‬
‫)ﺍﻷﻋﻼﻡ( ﻓﻲ ﻧﺴﺒﺔ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﻄﻮﻁ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﺑﻲ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﺚ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺮﻗﻨﺪﻱ‪ ،‬ﻣﻘﻠﺪًﺍ ﺑﺬﻟﻚ ﺣﺎﺟﻲ‬
‫ﺧﻠﻴﻔﺔ ﻓﻲ )ﻛﺸﻒ ﺍﻟﻈﻨﻮﻥ( ﻭﻧﺴﺒﻪ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺳﻤﺮﻗﻨﺪﻱ ﺁﺧﺮ ﺍﺳﻤﻪ‪ :‬ﻋﻠﻲّ‪ ،‬ﻣﻦ ﺃﺑﻨﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺋﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺳﻌﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻮﺍﺏ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻷﺑﻲ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﺚ ﻧﺼﺮ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺮﻗﻨﺪﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺮﺟﻢ ﻟﻪ«‪.‬‬

‫ﺇّﻻ ﺃﻥ ﻛﻼﻡ ﺣﺎﺟﻲ ﺧﻠﻴﻔﺔ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻴﺚ ﻧﺴﺒﺔ ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ )ﺑﺤﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻮﻡ( ﺇﻟﻰ ﻋﻼﺀ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﻋﻠﻲّ ﺑﻦ ﻳﺤﻴﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺮﻗﻨﺪﻱ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻣﺎﻧﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻮﻓﻰ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ﺳﻨﺔ )‪860‬ﻫـ(‬
‫ﺑﻼﺭﻧﺪﺓ‪ .‬ﻭﻫﻮ ﺷﻴﺦ ﻋﻼﺀ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ‪ .‬ﺇّﻻ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻟﻢ ﻳﺘﻨﺒﻪ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮَﻳﻦ‬

‫‪14 / 19‬‬ ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﻟﻠﺪﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻧﻴﺔ | ‪Tafsir Center for Quranic Studies‬‬
 ‫ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡ ﺃﺑﻲ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﺚ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺮﻗﻨﺪﻱ‪ :‬ﻧﻈﺮﺍﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ‬

‫ﻟﺴﻤﺮﻗﻨﺪﻳﱠﻴﻦ ﻳﺤﻤﻼﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﻛﻼﻣﻪ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺑﻌﺪﻩ ﻳؤﻛّﺪ ﻧﺴﺒﺔ )ﺑﺤﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻮﻡ( ﺇﻟﻰ ﻋﻠﻲّ ﺑﻦ ﻳﺤﻴﻰ‪ ،‬ﻋﻼﺀ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭﻻ‬
‫ﻳﻌﻄﻲ ﺃﺩﻧﻰ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡ ﺃﺑﻲ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﺚ ﻳﺤﻤﻞ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻻﺳﻢ‪ ،‬ﻓﻜﻼﻣﻪ ﺩﻋﻮﻯ‬
‫ﻣﺠﺮﺩﺓ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺪﻟﻴﻞ‪.‬‬

‫ﺛﻢ ﺇﻥ ﺍﻟﺰﺭﻛﻠﻲ ﻟﻢ ﻳﺸﻜﱢﻚ ﻓﻲ ﻧﺴﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺃﻳﺪﻳﻨﺎ ﻟﻺﻣﺎﻡ ﺃﺑﻲ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﺚ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻧﻤﺎ‬
‫ﺷﻜﱠﻚ ﻓﻲ ﺃﻥ ﺍﺳﻤﻪ )ﺑﺤﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻮﻡ( ﻭﺣُﻖّ ﻟﻪ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺸﻜﻚ ﻓﻲ ﺫﻟﻚ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﺧﺘﺎﻣًﺎ‪:‬‬

‫ﻧؤﻛﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺎﻁ ﺍﻵﺗﻴﺔ‪:‬‬

‫ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﻄﺒﻮﻉ ﺑﺎﺳﻢ )ﺑﺤﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻮﻡ( ﻣﺎ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺩﻓﺘﻴﻪ ﻫﻮ ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺃَﺑﻲ ﺍﻟﻠﱠﻴْﺚ ﻧﺼﺮ‬
‫‪1.‬‬
‫ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﺃﺣﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺴﱠﻤﺮﻗَﻨْﺪِﻱ )ﺕ‪373 :‬ﻫـ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺃﻥ ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺘﻮﺏ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻟﻴﺲ ﺍﺳﻤﻪ‪ ،‬ﺑﻞ ﺍﺳﻢ ﻟﺘﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺁﺧﺮ‪.‬‬
‫‪2.‬‬

‫ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺍﺏ ﺃﻥ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ‪) :‬ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ( ﺃﻭ )ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻈﻴﻢ( ﺃﻭ‬
‫‪3.‬‬
‫)ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺃﺑﻲ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﺚ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺃﻭﻗﻊ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻂ ﻫﻮ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻣَﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻤؤﻟﱢﻔَﻴﻦ ﻟﻬﺬﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺴﻴﺮَﻳﻦ ﺗﺠﻤﻌﻬﻤﺎ‬
‫‪4.‬‬
‫ﺃﻣﻮﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻲ )ﻧﺴﺒﺘﻬﻤﺎ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺳﻤﺮﻗﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺃﻧﻬﻤﺎ ﺣﻨﻔﻴّﺎﻥ ﻣﺬﻫﺒًﺎ(‪.‬‬

‫‪15 / 19‬‬ ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﻟﻠﺪﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻧﻴﺔ | ‪Tafsir Center for Quranic Studies‬‬
 ‫ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡ ﺃﺑﻲ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﺚ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺮﻗﻨﺪﻱ‪ :‬ﻧﻈﺮﺍﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ‬

‫ﻓﻬﺬﺍ ﻣﻘﺎﻝ ﺣﺎﻭﻟﺖُ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺃﻥ ﺃﻗﺪﱢﻡ ﻟﻠﻘﺎﺭﺉ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﻳﻢ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘًﺎ ﻋﻠﻤﻴًّﺎ ﻷﻣﺮ ﻏﺎﻳﺔ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﻭﺑﻌﺪُ‪،‬‬
‫ﺍﻷﻫﻤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻮ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺃﺣﺪ ﺃﺷﻬﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﺳﻴﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭﺭﻏﻢ ﺃﻫﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﻭﺷﻬﺮﺗﻪ ﺇﻻ ﺃﻥ‬
‫ﺍﺳﻤﻪ ﻟﻢ ﻳﻨﻞ ﻗﺴﻄًﺎ ﻭﺍﻓﻴًﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻘﻴﻖ‪ ،‬ﺃﺳﺄﻝ ﺍﷲ ‪-‬ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ‪ -‬ﺃﻥ ﺃﻛﻮﻥ ﻗﺪ ﻭُﻓﱢﻘْﺖُ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬﺍ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺍﺏ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﻴﺪﻧﺎ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﻟﻪ ﻭﺻﺤﺒﻪ ﻭﺳﻠﻢ‪.‬‬

‫]‪ [1‬ﻃﺒﻘﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺤﻨﻔﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﻦ ﺃﺑﻲ ﺍﻟﻮﻓﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺷﻲ‪) ،‬ﺗ‪775‬ﻬـ(‪2/ 196).) ،‬‬

‫]‪ [2‬ﻛﺸﻒ ﺍﻟﻈﻨﻮﻥ )‪.(243 /1‬‬

‫]‪ [3‬ﻛﺸﻒ ﺍﻟﻈﻨﻮﻥ )‪.(1220 /2‬‬

‫]‪ [4‬ﻛﺸﻒ ﺍﻟﻈﻨﻮﻥ )‪.(1981 /2‬‬

‫]‪ [5‬ﻃﺒﻘﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺴﺮﻳﻦ‪ -‬ﺍﻷﺩﻧﺮﻭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،91‬ﻃﺒﻘﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺴﺮﻳﻦ ﻟﻠﺪﺍﻭﻭﺩﻱ )‪.(346 /2‬‬

‫]‪ [6‬ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺷﺪﺕُ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺑﺎﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﺑـ)ﺎﻟﺘﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻔﺴﺮﻭﻥ( ﻟﻠﺪﻛﺘﻮﺭ‪ :‬ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺣﺴﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺬﻫﺒﻲ )‪ .(210 /1‬ﻭﺻﻐﺘﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺑﺄﺳﻠﻮﺑﻲ ﺑﻤﺎ ﻳﺘﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﻝ‪.‬‬

‫]‪[7‬ﻭﻫﺬﻩ ﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﺨﻄﻮﺓ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺨﻄﻮﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺑﻊ ﻟﺘﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻲ‪ :‬ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ‪ ،‬ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻤؤﻟﻒ‪،‬‬

‫‪16 / 19‬‬ ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﻟﻠﺪﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻧﻴﺔ | ‪Tafsir Center for Quranic Studies‬‬
 ‫ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡ ﺃﺑﻲ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﺚ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺮﻗﻨﺪﻱ‪ :‬ﻧﻈﺮﺍﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ‬

‫ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﻧﺴﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻣؤﻟﻔﻪ‪ ،‬ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﻣﺘﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ‪ .‬ﻳﻨﻈﺮ‪ :‬ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﻮﺹ ﻭﻧﺸﺮﻫﺎ‪ -‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.39‬‬

‫ﻭﺃﻣﺎ ﻃﺮﻕ ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻮﻝ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﻓﺘﺘﻤﺜﻞ ﻓﻲ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻮﻉ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗُﻌﻨﻰ ﺑﺎﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﻭﻣؤﻟﻔﻴﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻣﺜﻞ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﻔﻬﺮﺳﺖ ﻻﺑﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺪﻳﻢ )ﺕ‪438 :‬ﻫـ(‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻮﻉ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻛﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺟﻢ‪ ،‬ﻣﺜﻞ‪ :‬ﻃﺒﻘﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺴﺮﻳﻦ ﻟﻠﺴﻴﻮﻃﻲ )ﺕ‪911 :‬ﻫـ(‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻮﻉ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻧُﺴَﺦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﻄﻮﻁ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺟﻮﻉ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻨﻘﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺪ ﺗﻨﺺّ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺳﻢ ﻣؤﻟﻔﻪ‪.‬‬

‫]‪ [8‬ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﻮﺹ ﻭﻧﺸﺮﻫﺎ‪ -‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.40‬‬

‫]‪ [9‬ﻓﻬﺮﺱ ﺍﻟﻔﻬﺎﺭﺱ )‪.(998 /2‬‬

‫]‪ [10‬ﻣﻌﺠﻢ ﺍﻟﻤؤﻟﻔﻴﻦ )‪ ،(91 /13‬ﺍﻷﻋﻼﻡ )‪.(27 /8‬‬

‫]‪ [11‬ﺍﻟﺠﻮﺍﻫﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﻀﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻃﺒﻘﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺤﻨﻔﻴﺔ )‪.(196 /2‬‬

‫]‪ [12‬ﺗﺎﺝ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺟﻢ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.27‬‬

‫]‪ [13‬ﻃﺒﻘﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺴﺮﻳﻦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.91‬‬

‫]‪ [14‬ﻃﺒﻘﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺴﺮﻳﻦ )‪.(346 /2‬‬

‫]‪ [15‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻴﻂ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺴﻴﺮ )‪ ،(696 /3‬ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺮﻗﻨﺪﻱ )‪.(315 /1‬‬

‫‪17 / 19‬‬ ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﻟﻠﺪﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻧﻴﺔ | ‪Tafsir Center for Quranic Studies‬‬
 ‫ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡ ﺃﺑﻲ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﺚ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺮﻗﻨﺪﻱ‪ :‬ﻧﻈﺮﺍﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ‬

‫]‪ [16‬ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻈﻴﻢ )‪ ،(101 /1‬ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺮﻗﻨﺪﻱ )‪.(115 /1‬‬

‫]‪ [17‬ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻣﻊ ﻷﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ )‪.(115 /1‬‬

‫]‪ [18‬ﻳﻨﻈﺮ‪ :‬ﻃﺒﻘﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺴﺮﻳﻦ ﻟﻸﺩﻧﻪ ﻭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،91‬ﻓﻬﺮﺱ ﺍﻟﻔﻬﺎﺭﺱ )‪ ،(998 /2‬ﻣﻌﺠﻢ ﺍﻟﻤؤﻟﻔﻴﻦ )‪ ،(91 /13‬ﺍﻷﻋﻼﻡ‬
‫‪(8/ 27).‬‬

‫]‪ [19‬ﻳﻨﻈﺮ‪ :‬ﻛﺸﻒ ﺍﻟﻈﻨﻮﻥ )‪.(441 /1‬‬

‫]‪ [20‬ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺒﻴﺮ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺠﻢ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﻴﺮ )‪.(82 /1‬‬

‫]‪ [21‬ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻬﻞ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﻓﻲ )‪.(112 /1‬‬

‫]‪ [22‬ﻫﻜﺬﺍ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﻄﻮﻃﺔ »ﻋﻨﻬﻤﺎ« ﺑﻠﻔﻆ ﺍﻟﺘﺜﻨﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

‫]‪ [23‬ﻫﻜﺬﺍ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﻄﻮﻃﺔ »ﻋﻨﻬﻤﺎ« ﺑﻠﻔﻆ ﺍﻟﺘﺜﻨﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

‫]‪ [24‬ﺃﺣﺪ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺮّﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺗﺘﻔﺮّﻉ ﻣﻦ ﻧﻬﺮ ﺍﻟﻨﻴﻞ ﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﻣﺼﺮ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﻳﻤﺔ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺇﻧﺸﺎﺀ ﻧﻬﺮ ﺍﻟﻨﻴﻞ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻃﻠﻖ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ‬
‫ﺑﻌﺪ )ﻓﻢ ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻴﺞ(‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺘﺪﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﺼﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﻴًﺎ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻣﻴﺪﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺪﺓ ﺯﻳﻨﺐ ﺣﺎﻟﻴًﺎ‪.‬‬

‫]‪ [25‬ﺍﻷﻋﻼﻡ )‪.(32 /5‬‬

‫‪18 / 19‬‬ ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﻟﻠﺪﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻧﻴﺔ | ‪Tafsir Center for Quranic Studies‬‬
 ‫ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡ ﺃﺑﻲ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﺚ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺮﻗﻨﺪﻱ‪ :‬ﻧﻈﺮﺍﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ‬

‫‪19 / 19‬‬ ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﻟﻠﺪﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻧﻴﺔ | ‪Tafsir Center for Quranic Studies‬‬
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