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Modals
Modals
Exercise 2. Combine the verb MUST with the proper form of the infinitive in
brackets.
1. Look! People are hurrying along the street with collars and umbrellasup. It
must (to rain) hard.
2. Peggoty enclosed the half-guinea in the letter; I was afraid she must (to
have) a world of trouble to get it out of of Mr.Barkis’s box. (Ch.D.)
3. You must (to follow) my advice. There is no other way out for you.
4. I saw an old woman sleeping soundly in Green Park. A shower was falling
at the time, she must (to be) drenched to the skin. (J.L.)
5. All the time we were out the two gentlemen smoked incessantly – which, I
thought, if I might judge from the smell of their rough coats, they must (to
do) ever since the coats had first come home from the tailor’s.
6. “The hotels must (to do) a tremendous business,” old Jolyon thought. “A
few years ago there had been none of these big hotels.” Then he thought of
his son/ “…If Jo were only with him/ The boy must (to be) forty by now.”
(Glsw.)
7. She must (to be) angry with me. She left without saying good-bye.
8. She must (to get) angry with you. She never looked in your direction.
9. Mary must (to be) ill, otherwise she would have come.
10.Mary must (to fall ill). She looked so pale and tired last night.
Exercise 3. Pay attention to the negative form of the predicate group without not.
Translate the following sentences into Ukrainian.
1. You must have misunderstood me. I didn’t mean to hurt your feelings.
2. She must have failed to understand this rule, that’s why the exercise is done
in the wrong way.
3. Our telegram must have never reached them. No wonder they have not
come to meet us.
4. Nobody must have seen him enter the hall. Everybody was surprised when
he took the floor.
5. What a pity I couldn’t say good-bye to them, but they must have had no
chance to warn me about their departure.
6. He must be quite unaware of his clumsiness.
7. He must have left the letter unanswered.
Exercise 5. Translate the following sentences into English avoiding the use of
NOT.
1. Він давно в нас не був. Йому, напевно, не сказали, що ми вже в Москві.
2. Ви, напевно, не впізнали мене і тому не підійшли до мене.
3. Ви, напевно, і не намагалися це зробити, інакше ви б не говорили, що
це дуже легко.
4. Іноземець, очевидно, неправильно вимовив назву цього блюда, і
офіціант приніс йому зовсім інше.
5. Ви, напевно, давно там не були.
6. Вам, напевно, нічого про це не сказали. Інакше ви б прийшли раніше.
7. Вони, напевно, не спізнилися на поїзд, інакше вони б уже
повернулися.
8. Імовірніше за все, вони не попали на поїзд, оскільки вийшли з дому
надто пізно.
9. Він, напевно, так і не здогадався, чому ми сміялися.
10.Ви, напевно, поклали ключ не на те місце, і я не зміг увійти в будинок.
11.Ви, напевно, не впізнали його. – Ні, це був не він.
12.Їх, очевидно, неправильно проінформували. Вони повинні були прийти
сьогодні.
13.Хоча з 15 квітня уведено новий розклад, для ранкових поїздів він,
швидше за все, не змінився.
Exercise 6. Paraphrase the sentences, using the verb MUST.
1. I am sure he has got all he needed. Did you see how triumphant he was?
2. The boy was evidently reading something funny. He was smiling all the
time.
3. The boy is probably reading something funny. He is smiling all the time.
4. They have most likely not realized what opportunity they were losing.
5. I shan’t bother you any longer; no doubt you are tired of my talking.
6. I see something is eating him. He is like on tenterhooks.
7. It was clear the family were expecting some guests: the mother was bustling
about the house tidying up the rooms.
8. She was obviously upset by something. I never saw her so unbalanced.
9. He surely didn’t find out the real reason for their silence.
Exercise 7. Translate into English, using the verb TO HAVE in its modal
meaning.
1. Мені зараз доводиться багато працювати, оскільки я хворіла і відстала
від групи.
2. Вам доведеться поговорити з ним особисто.
3. Нам довелося перечекати дощ на станції.
4. Я змушений був вибачитися, хоча мені це було неприємно.
5. Книгу необхідно переплести, інакше деякі сторінки можуть загубитися.
6. Вам доводиться дуже рано вставати, чи не так?
7. Він змушений був зробити вам зауваження, чи не так?
8. Йому не потрібно було складати вступні іспити.
9. Нам не довелося проводжати їх до готелю. Вони самі знали дорогу.
10.Роботу доведеться зробити сьогодні.
11.Він сказав, що вам доведеться їхати туди самому.
12.Всю сторінку довелося передрукувати через одну помилку.
Exercise 8. Fill in the blanks with MUST or HAD TO.
1. When I asked him why he was so late, he told me that he had missed the
earlier train and had to… wait for another one.
2. The man warned us that the place was dangerous to bathe in and we had
to… look for a safer spot.
3. His wife kept telling him that he …has not …to sit up so late.
4. The doctor told him he …must give up smoking, as it might be ruinous to
his lungs.
5. The father said to the children that they …have to be careful while crossing
the street.
6. The bus was not going that direction, so he …had to change.
7. It was not that the work …has to be finished soon, but we ourselves wanted
to be through with it as soon as possible.
8. I had no special desire to do it, but as I felt it …must be done this way or
another, I started on it, though reluctantly.
9. I saw that I must… speak louder to make myself heard.
10.Telling himself that he …must control himself, he did not answer anything.
11.Martin knew that he … had to stand up to be introduced.
12.For a moment she felt her heart …must break.
Exercise 9. Explain the difference in meaning between the two sentences in the
following pairs.
1. a) The plain was not to take off at night as the weather was too bad. b) The
plane was to have taken off at night, but the weather was too bad.
2. a) There was to be an interesting concert last night, but I did not feel well
and had to stay at home. b) There was to have been an interesting concert
last night, but the singer fell ill and the concert had to be postponed.
3. a) The order came that we were not to leave the village before dawn. b) We
were not to have left the village before dawn, but by the time the order came
we were two miles away from it.
Exercise 10. Combine the modal verb TO BE (TO) with the proper form of the
infinitive in brackets.
1. I stood at the window, looking at them, disappear, and my heart kept
repeating “Good-bye, good-bye!” I was not (to have seen) them for nearly
five years. (G.E.)
2. You know Mako’s Kraal … on the other side there is land with water, that
was the land Sam was (to be bought).
3. Nobody met me when I came. I was (to have arrived ) by the ten o’clock
train, but I couldn’t get a ticket for it. Тут якось спорно. Я хз
4. Remember that we are (to be) at his place not later than eight.
5. Why are you so late? Didn’t you get my latter saying that we were (to meet)
at 4? (немає ХЕВ МЕТ бо показник часу)
6. There was a violent storm that night and the Albatross which was (to have
arrived) at the port in the morning had to drop anchor near an island a
hundred miles off the port.
Exercise 11. Insert the verb TO BE (TO) or TO HAVE (TO) in the necessary
tense form.
1. I wondered what was … to happen to us.
2. It looks like raining. You have … to take raincoats.
3. We agreed that the one who came first had… to reserve seats for the rest of
us.
4. Nobody met me at the airfield as I …was to have arrived a day laterand
could not warn any of my friends of a change.
5. He always puts off doing what he …has to do until it …is to be done.
6. We …are to live on Monday, but because of a two days’ delay with the visas
we …have to book tickets for Wednesday.
7. There is nothing strange in what he did. It is… to be expected.
8. It was too late to change the plan, and it is… to remain as it was.
9. You … are not to tell him about it if you don’t want to.
10.You …are not to tell him anything about it before you get further
instructions.
11.They hoped to spend the summer together, but that …was not to be.
12.…am I to do it all by myself? хззззз
13.When no food to be had he seemed capable to do without. Тоже хз
Exercise 12. Fill in the blanks with TO BE (TO), TO HAVE (TO), MUST, using
the correct form of the infinitive. Тут якийсь піздець
1. I did not know who …is (to be) my travelling companion.
2. According to the state plan, many new dwelling houses …are (to be build)
this year.
3. We …must (work) hard to achieve good results.
4. “I think we …must ( drop) anchor in that bay until the storm quiets down,”
the captain said to his mate.
5. I …must ( say) your behavior has been far from straightforward. (B.Sh.)
6. “Mabel has gone,” Lanny said in a flat, impersonal voice. The old woman
went back to her chair and sat down heavily. “It …is (to be). Where did she
go, son?” (P.A.)
7. “Have you been studying much law lately?” I asked, to change the subject.
“Oh, Master Copperfield,” he said with an air of self-denial; “My reading …
is hardly (to call) study.” (Ch.D.)
8. What …is (to become) of the girl? /// she (to play) anything? (B.Sh.)
9. This is serious; you …must (not joke) about it. (B.Sh.)
Exercise 14. Paraphrase the following, using the modal verb NEED.
1. I see no reason why we should argue.
2. It was not necessary for her to carry the bags all by herself^ there were
porters at the station.
3. Is it so necessary that you should go there at all?
4. There is no use worrying about her; she is quite able to take care of herself.
5. What’s the use of reproaching yourself?
6. I don’t think there is any need to help them.
7. It was quite unnecessary for you to do the work instead of him.
Exercise 16. Translate into English, using the verbs MUST; TO BE (TO); TO
HAVE (TO); NEED.
1. Викладач сказав, що ми повинні вивчити цей текст напам*ять?
2. Я не знав, що цей текст не потрібно вчити напам*ять.
3. Даремно ви вчили цей текст напам*ять; його потрібно було просто
читати.
4. Не шуміть; діти, напевно, сплять.
5. Ніхто, напевно, не сказав йому про це.
6. Вони повинні були прийти о п*ятій, а вже шоста година.
7. Вони, напевно, забули, що повинні були прийти о шостій.
8. І все ж, друзі, нам доведеться почекати ще трохи.
9. Сподіваюся, вам не довелося довго чекати, так?
10.Цю книгу можна знайти в будь-якій бібліотеці.
11.Чи варто хвилюватися через такі дрібниці?
Exercise 17. Use SHOULD or HAD (TO) with the correct form of the infinitive
in brackets.
1. We … (to call) on him yesterday, but we were too busy as we … (to attend)
an extra meeting.
2. I … (not (to tell) him this news; he was so much upset, but I really … (to do)
so, for the circumstances demanded that.
3. You … (to see) him dance! You have missed a lot/ I … (to take) you to the
concert.
4. It was very hard work but we … (to do) it.
5. She … not ( to let) it pass like that, she … (to explain) it to him that he was
wrong.
6. Although it was unpleasant to her, she … (to tell) him that he was wrong.
Exercise 18. Use SHOULD or NEED with the correct form of the infinitive in
brackets.
1. I am very sorry I … not (to bother) you with this trifle.
2. You … not (to come) so early, now you will have to wait.
3. You … not (to give) the child so much money. It will spoil him.
4. You … not (to return) the money so soon. I could have waited.
5. You … not (to help) him with this work. He could have managed it himself.
Exercise 20. Translate into English, using MUST, TO BE (TO), HAVE (TO),
NEEDN’T or SHOULD.
1. Я не повинен був говорити з нею в такому тоні. Саме мій тон, напевно,
і образив її.
2. Ми, напевно, пропустили його. Ми повинні були прийти раніше.
3. Вам не потрібно було так поспішати, тут потрібно було бути не раніше
шести.
4. Вона повинна була погладити цю сукню до того, як вона висохла; тепер
їй доведеться змочити її знову.
5. Їй не слід було зачиняти вікно так швидко, потрібно було краще
провітрити кімнату.
6. Це повинно було статися. Всім відомо, який він розсіяний.
7. Цього слід було чекати, і нема чого дивуватися.
8. Нам не довелося тягти речі на собі, адже нам трапилася попутна
машина.
9. Вам не слід так дратуватися через дрібниці. Потрібно тримати себе в
руках.
10.Ви не повинні гризти нігті. Це жахлива звичка і потрібно позбавитись
від неї.
11.Сподіваюся, ти не повинна тепер так рано вставати, адже ти тепер
працюєш в десяти хвилинах ходьби від дому.
12.Вона, очевидно, була дуже приємною жінкою. Всі говорять про неї з
такою повагою!
13.Ці ліки можна отримати лише за рецептом лікаря.
14.Там, напевно, йде дощ: подивися, яке темне небо!
15.Чому це я буду робити те, чого не повинна?
16.Вони, напевно, щось гаряче обговорювали4 вони навіть не помітили, як
ми увійшли.
17.Через рік ця залізниця буде повністю електрифікована.
Exercise 21. Translate the following sentences into English, using Modal Verbs:
1. Цій дівчині судилося стати провідною зіркою мого життя.
2. Я повинна була передати йому годинник його батька, але він так і не
прийшов.
3. Звичайно, він повинен стати музикантом. Це було вирішено ще до його
народження.
4. Він не хоче відповідати. Вам доведеться написати йому ще раз.
5. Транспорт ходив дуже погано і йому довелося довго чекати автобуса.
6. Мені не потрібно буде здавати цей іспит, адже я передумав вступати на
цей факультет.
7. Мені не потрібно було поливати квіти, адже вночі пішов дощ і земля
була ще мокра.
8. Ти могла і не поливати квіти. Дивися, Скоро піде дощ.
9. Чия черга? Хто повинен йти по воду?
10. Тобі доведеться взяти пальто. На вулиці холоднішає.
11. Я повинен був відвезти братові його речі. Так ми домовилися, коли він
ішов геть.
12. Було вже пізно, і нам довелося поїхати на метро.
13. Почитай трохи, я повинна прочитати главу до кінця.
14. Мені довелося покинути все і поїхати до лікарні.
15. Якщо ти повинна зустріти маму з поїзда о шостій годині, то тобі слід
поспішити.
16. Тобі не варто поспішати. Вона щойно зателефонувала і сказала, що
виїжджає.
17. Тобі обов’язково їхати сьогодні? Можливо, ти трохи зачекаєш?
18. Коли він повинен приїхати? Ми домовилися зустрітися о восьмій.
19. В сім’ї усе було вирішено заздалегідь. Я повинна була вступати до
медичного інституту. Але я знала, що повинна займатися мовами.
20. Виявляється, що мені зовсім не потрібно було йти на пошту, а стільки
часу витратила даремно!
21. Лікарем він так і не став. Війна почалася в той рік, коли він повинен
був вступати до інституту.
Exercise 24. Paraphrase the following sentences, using the modal verbs CAN
and MAY in the correct form.
1. I don’t believe that he could the work carelessly.
2. Perhaps, you might have changed at the wrong station, that’s why it took
you so long to get there.
3. I think he will be able to substitute for you in case you shouldn’t come.
4. Can you change the time-table?
5. Most probably he couldn’t see you, otherwise he would have come up to
see you.
6. Perhaps I shall have to take him to hospital; he might had broken his arm.
7. Why do u blame her? she might not know it was so urgent.
8. It is impossible that she has wrongly interpreted your words.
9. I suppose they couldn’t get in touch with you.
10/ Can l smoke here?
SHALL, WILL
Exercise 29. Translate the following sentences, using SHALL, WILL, SHOULD
or WOULD.
1. Ви цього не зробите! Запам*ятайте це!
2. Я зроблю цю роботу вчасно, хоч би мені довелося не спати всю ніч.
3. Магазин, напевно, ще відкритий. Якщо ви поспішите, то встигнене
купити хліб.
4. Він сказав, що йому доведеться поїхати через декілька днів, але ми й
чути не хотіли.
5. Немає сенсу доводити йому, що ви праві: його ніколи не можна
переконати. Він дуже впертий.
6. Але це в жодній мірі не стосується його. З якого це дива йому було
втручатися?
7. Зараз, напевно, досить пізно.
8. Ви відповісте за ваші дії!
9. Вам доведеться складати іспит ще раз. Вам потрібно звернути більше
уваги на синтаксис.
10.Вам слід було попередити нас, що ви не прийдете. Ми б не чекали вас.
11.Даремно ви не прочитали «Мертві душі» перед тим, як піти в театр. Ви
б отримали подвійне задоволення від спектаклю. Ви відчули б стиль і
дух твору.
12.Я ліг і намагався заснути, але сон не йшов.
13.Ви б тільки бачили її обличчя, коли вона почула цю новину!
14.Яку вправу мені читати раніше: на двадцятій сторінці чи на двадцять
другій? – Можете почати з будь-якої.
15.Ви прекрасно знали, що в цьому немає потреби, і все ж ви це робили.
Exercise 34. Translate the following sentences into Ukrainian. Pay attention to
the set phrase “must needs’ (or “needs must”)
He must needs go there.
He must needs do it.
If he were convicted, Johnson must needs be also.
She shall go to London if needs must.
You must needs plow this field before the sun sets.
He must needs apologize to her, if he ever wants to regain her trust.
I really don’t want to cook tonight, but needs must I suppose.
Needs must when the devil drives.
Exercise 35. Refer the following sentences to the past. Pay attention to the use of
modal verbs.
1. We mustn’t do it at once.
2. This translation is to be done very carefully.
3. They can try to do it again.
4. I have to prepare a progress report.
5. It may be a splendid opportunity to tell them everything.
6. She can’t have done it without assistance.
7. I think your assumption may be right.
8. He says they may have left already.
9. He says she must be tired.
10. “May I give the answer later?”– he asked?
11. She says they must be unaware of it.
12. Can he be still writing?
13. Kate asks if she may live the office a bit earlier today.
14. I don’t think they will have to stay after classes to finish it.
15. He says they must have been working since the morning.
16. She says he oughtn’t to lay this work aside.
17. They say they shouldn’t have argued with him.
18. She says: “You needn’t have gone there”.
19. There is no reason why you shouldn’t help her.
20. “They must be really fond of her”,– he said.
Exercise 37. Translate the second part of the sentence using the appropriate
form of the modal verb.
Iknew що можу впоратися з цим завданням без сторонньої допомоги.
Which of the studentsзможе працювати перекладачем?
One of my friendsвміє дуже добре грати в шахи.
Iknew що зможу вирішити цю проблему.
Hesaid що я можу зателефонувати йому завтра.
Sheasked чи можна скористатися моїм словником.
Hedidn’tknow чи можна побачитися з ними наступного дня.
Theysay що напевно будуть зайняті і не зможуть приєднатися до нас.
Ithought що можливо це єдиний шанс в житті.
Hethought що йому доведеться погодитися на ту пропозицію.
Iwondered як часто мені доведеться їздити у відрядження.
Wewereexplained що ми не можемо цього робити без дозволу
керівника проекту.
Iknew що мені не потрібно пояснювати, як виконувати це завдання.
Hementioned що йому доводилося працювати понаднормово, щоб
закінчити роботу вчасно.
Hesaid що змушений поспішати, оскільки має зустрітися з колегою о
п’ятій.
Hethought що напевно вони не прийдуть.
Shebelieves що ти напевно не чула про це.
They напевно неправильно поінформували.
Thestory ймовірно ніколи не публікувалося.
Sheguessed що мабуть вони заблукали і тому запізнилися.
Ididn’tunderstand чому б йому сердитися на мене.
There is no reasonчому б йому не приїхати.
Theteachersaid що мені варто більше приділяти уваги вимові.
Itriedhard та двигун не заводився.
Hesaid що збори мали вже відбутися, та їх перенесли.
Shesaid що варто дослухатися такої слушної поради.
Shethought що мабуть вони все ще пишуть екзаменаційний тест.
Hesaid що ніхто мабуть не помітив, як вона зникла.
They напевно не зрозуміли мене.
Hesaid що можливо вони вже обмінялися думками з цього приводу.
Exercise38. Use the required form of the Infinitive after modal verbs in the
following sentences:
1. I had the impression that the storm might (1 – break) out any minute. 2. “Can he
(2 – forget) to book rooms at the hotel for us? He is so absent-minded!” 3. He was
(3 – finish) it all yesterday, but he was called away to London. 4. You shouldn’t (4
– call) her up so late, she was very tired after a long trip. 5. It must (5 – rain)
heavily. The street is deserted. 6. It surprising that they should (6 – include) him
into the team. 7. What can (7 – happen) to change him so much? 8. Forester was
nowhere (8 – see). 9. Cars must not (9 – park) in front of the entrance. 10.
Somebody important must (10 – arrive) from Europe by air, for there was a
policeman pacing the pavements every 20 yards along the road. 11. That a
translation! Can he ... (11 – translate) the text without making a single mistake?
12. They must ... (12 – have) no chance to warn you about their departure. 13. He
said they had ... (13 – tell) the teacher about it. 14. On the whole there was less
said that might ... (14 – expect). 15. I must ... (15 – sit) there for a quarter of an
hour waiting and thinking about it before I saw the letter. 16. He couldn’t see
anything. He thought that he ought ... (16 – bring) a torch. 17. You should ... (17 –
help) him. Now he is in trouble. 18. I couldn’t imagine what he must ... (18 –
think) of me now. 19. He may ... (19 – be) at home for about two hours. 20.
Could she ... (20 – ski) five years ago?
Exercise 39. Paraphrase the following sentences using modal verbs:
1. Are you able to start working immediately?
2. I’m sure he will be able to make a good report.
3. We are unable to wait for her any longer.
4. Are you allowed to stay here?
5. Would you mind my closing the window?
6. Is he allowed to leave earlier?
7. Permit me to show you the best places to you.
8. Perhaps the weather will change for the better.
9. It is possible that he has already finished the work.
10.Maybe she didn’t know that it was urgent.
11.Perhaps they have been waiting for us for half an hour.
12.Is he obliged to go there?
13.No doubt you are tired of my talking.
14.The girl was surely upset by that letter.
15.She is sure to have forgotten about that promise.
16.The boy was evidently doing something important. Ye was very
concentrated.
17.It is necessary for you to answer without delay.
18.It is recommendable not to take it without permission.
19.The exhibition is worth visiting. You will like it.
20.They are sure to like the place.
21.She is probably unaware of it.
22.She has skills to paint well.
23.They are not allowed to use these data.
24.They are sure to have finished to discussion already.
25.I don’t believe that they have translated the article without a dictionary.
SMALL TALKS
1.
- … help you?
- Yes, please. I’m looking for a pair of gloves.
2.
- … Pete fix cars?
- Of course he …. He fixes cars every day. He is a mechanic.
3.
- Tom, … you go to Mary’s party with me?
- I’m sorry. I …. I have to go to the dentist.
4.
- What would you like for dessert?
- I …decide. What do you recommend?
- I recommend our chocolate ice-cream.
5.
- When are you two going to get married?
- We don’t know. We … get married this year, or we … get married next
year. We really … not decide.
- Careful! The floor is wet!
6.
- I’m sorry. What did you say?
- The floor is wet. You … fall.
- Oh. Thanks for the warning.
7.
Larry didn’t go to work today, and he … not go to work tomorrow either. He …
see his doctor instead. He is feeling absolutely terrible, and he thinks, he … have
pneumonia. Larry isn’t positive, but he doesn’t want to take any chances. He thinks
it … be a good idea for him to see his doctor. Just in case.
8.
- … I vote for John Black or Peter Smith?
- I think you … vote for John Black.
- Why?
- John Black is more honest.
9.
- You know, you … drive so fast.
- Oh?
- Yes. If you drive too fast, you … have an accident.
- Hmm. You’re probably right.
10.
- I had my yearly checkup today.
- What did the doctor say?
- He told me I’m a little too heavy and I … lose some weight.
- Do you … to stop eating potatoes?
- No, but I … not eat as many potatoes as I did before.
11.
- I’m really worried about your lungs.
- Really, Doctor? … I stop smoking?
- Mr. Jones! You … stop smoking! If you don’t, you’re going to have serious
problems with your lungs some day.
12.
“It isn’t easy being parents”
We try to be good parents, but no matter how hard we try, our children never
seem to be satisfied. They think we … wear more fashionable clothes, we …
buy a faster car, and we … listen to more interesting music. And according
to them, we …be more sympathetic when they talk about their problems, we
… be friendlier when their friends come to visit, and we … be more
understanding when they come home late from a Saturday night day. You
know, it isn’t easy being parents.
Exercise 41. Translate the following sentences into Ukrainian. Pay attention to
use of modal verbs for expressing unreality.
I wish I could tell you everything.
I should think she might be unaware of it.
But for you I might be still doing it.
The secretary put mail on the table so that the director might read it.
He told me the whole story so that I might explain his behavior to you.
She looked at me as if could read my thoughts.
He took the precautions so that he might not come to any harm.
Study the examples thoroughly so that you may not make mistakes in the
construction.
If only I could have come earlier!
She feared that they might talk about her.
He passed by quickly as he feared that they might catch sight of him.
Her hidden fear was that she might have missed something of value in life.
I wish you could see how beautiful these gardens are.
Oh, and you might come some day too, if you will.
She looked as if she might burst into tears.
It’s not as if he could do it by himself.
I could have heard him if he had replied.
If you should meet her, you could tell her about everything.
If I had stayed a moment longer I don’t know what I might have said.
I could have done it very well if I had been given one more chance.
No matter how tired you might be, the work should be finished in time.
Whenever you might come, you are welcome.
TEST 1
Assignment 2: Use the required form of the infinitive after the modal verbs in
the following sentences:
1. I’m wondering if something can (to do) about it. 2. It’s impossible. He can’t (to
do) it. 3. On the whole there was said less than might (to expect). 4. “Then why on
earth all this secrecy?” “One never knows who may (to listen). 5. Both sisters must
(to be) ashamed of having spoken as they had in front of a third person. 6. I must
(to sit) there for a quarter of an hour waiting and thinking about it before I saw the
letter. 7. Oughtn’t you (to answer) that letter now? 8. Then he should (to laugh),
but instead he heard himself saying: “Everything you say is quite true.” 9. You’ve
acquired a great deal of experience. You might (to write) a book. 10. Nothing was
(to do) under the circumstances.
Assignment 3: Fill in the blanks in the following sentences with suitable modal
verbs:
1. Why … I help him? 2. We … to go to the cinema tonight. 3. He … (not) do it
without his brother’s permission. 4. While I was reading, I head a splash of water
from the bath, and realized that Martin … be there. 5. She … (not) have been at
home all this time, she is very outgoing. 6. I felt somehow I … to warn her. 7. He
… be in the hall now, waiting for me. 8. What … have happened to change his
mind so much? 9. They … to light a fire to cook their supper. 10. I’m trying to
think where he … have gone.