Umsugmh cmj jderk

Mj pkcmr cm uh hk pksdtdvk
pkr Ydjjdfg ]ry
Nþgk mxprmsfr humstrks friugmhtks nkh fsmrtdvdcfc sdh amrdr jks smhtdgdmhtks cm jks cmgæs

Dhtrkcunndþh
‚Hk‗ ms jf pfjferf gæs pkcmrksf y hmnmsfrdf cmj
jmhiufom augfhk y, f jf vmz, jf gæs cd`çndj cm
prkhuhndfr pfrf gunafs pmrskhfs. Cæhckjm mj usk
nkrrmntk, mstf pfjferf mhndmrrf uh mhkrgm pktmhndfj
pfrf gmokrfr mh gunak humstrfs rmjfndkhms nkh jks
cmgæs.
Skcks jks cçfs sm prmsmhtfh sdtufndkhms qum rmqudmrmh
cm uhf hmiftdvf? mh mj akifr, mh mj trfefok k mh jf
skndmcfc. Mh tkcfs mjjfs, fj rmspkhcmr ‚hk‗ cm`mhcmgks
humstrks prdhndpdks, nkjgfgks humstrfs hmnmsdcfcms k
jfs cm jks cmgæs, rmnafzfgks mxdimhndfs
cmsprkpkrndkhfcfs y sfhndkhfgks sdtufndkhms k
nkgpkrtfgdmhtks dhfprkpdfcks m dhoustks.
^dh mgefrik, prkhuhndfr uh ‚hk‗ dhkpkrtuhk pumcm
cmstrudr jk qum gæs vfjkrfgks fj prkvknfr jf drrdtfndþh
cm jks ktrks. \kr mstm gktdvk, sfemr cmndr ‚hk‗ cm jf
gfhmrf fcmnufcf ms trfsnmhcmhtfj. Mj smnrmtk pfrf hk
cföfr rmjfndkhms sm mhnumhtrf mh mj frtm cmj ‚hk
pksdtdvk‗,, qum Ydjjdfg ]ry mxpkhm mh su jderk nkgk
pksdtdvk‗
uh gätkck smhndjjk efsfck mh trms gkgmhtks?
prmpfrfrsm pfrf mj ‚hk pksdtdvk‗, nkguhdnfrjk y
cmsfrrkjjfrjk.
Mj gätkck mstæ nkhnmedck pfrf fyucfrhks f f`drgfr y
cm`mhcmr humstrks dhtmrmsms, f nkhvmrtdr humstrk ‚hk‗
mh nkhtuhcmhtm y f mhsmöfrhks f rmsdstdr firmsdkhms y
gfhdpujfndkhms,
gfhdpujfndkh ms, fj tdmgpk qum ketmhmgks mj ‚sç‗ nkh mj
qum humstrks dhtmrmsms sfjmh emhm`dndfcks.
Mj krdimh cmj gätkck sm rmgkhtf fj näjmerm nursk cmj
gdsgk hkgerm qum mj futkr dgpfrtm mh jf ]hdvmrsdcfc
cm Afrvfrc pfrf cdrmntdvks y prk`msdkhfjms. Mj keomtdvk
prdhndpfj cmj jderk ms prkpkrndkhfr fj jmntkr nkhsmoks y
momgpjks præntdnks pfrf cmndr ‚hk‗ cm uhf gfhmrf
njfrf, rmspmtuksf y m`dnfz f qudmhms hks rkcmfh, smfh
njdmhtms, nkgpfömrks cm trfefok, om`ms k gdmgerks cm jf
`fgdjdf.
Mh mj guhck fntufj, nkh jks hdvmjms cm msträs qum sm
vdvmh y uhfs pksdedjdcfcms
pksdedjdcfcms cm mjmnndþh nfsd dh`dhdtfs, jf
prmsdþh pfrf afnmrhks sunugedr y cmndr ‚sç‗ nrmnm cm
gfhmrf mxpkhmhndfj, nkh jk qum mjjk nkhjjmvf cm
skermnfrif cm trfefok y cm mrksdþh cm jf ätdnf. \frf
cmsmhvkjvmrsm nkh jdemrtfc mh mstf rmfjdcfc, jfs
pmrskhfs hmnmsdtfh gæs qum huhnf cmsfrrkjjfr su
nfpfndcfc cm cmndr ‚hk‗. Mj ‚hk pksdtdvk‗ tdmhm mj pkcmr
cm trfhs`krgfr jfs rmjfndkhms augfhfs pkrqum ms uh
‚sç‗ f humstrfs prkpdfs hmnmsdcfcms
hmnmsdcfcms,, vfjkrms y
prdkrdcfcms.
\rdgmrf pfrtm? prmpfrfrsm pfrf mj ‚hk pksdtdvk‗
Cmsnuerdr mj ‚sç‗.
‚sç‗. Mj gfykr mrrkr fj rmspkhcmr f
fjiudmh nkh uh ‚hk‗ ms `uhcfgmhtfrjk prmndsfgmhtm mh
fqumjjk qum prkvknf humstrk rmnafzk, trætmsm cm
mxdimhndfs k nkgpkrtfgdmhtks cm jks cmgæs. Mj ‚hk
pksdtdvk‗ tdmhm qum mstfr gktdvfck pkr fjik prdgkrcdfj,
nkgk pkr momgpjk, humstrks dhtmrmsms k jk qum
vmrcfcmrfgmhtm
vmrcfcmrfgmh tm hks f`mntf. ]h
]hf
f k`dndhf nþgk
nþgkcf,
cf, uh
nkhtrftk rmhtfejm k uh prmndk fsmqudejm skh mj keomtk cm
humstrks cmsmks, fspdrfndkhms y prmknupfndkhms qum, f
su vmz, rm`jmofh humstrfs hmnmsdcfcms.

Jfs hmnmsdcfcms skh uhk cm jks nkhcdndkhfhtms

prdhndpfjms cm humstrk nkgpkrtfgdmhtk. Mh uhf
sdtufndþh mh jf qum sm hks mxdim trfefofr uh tmrnmr `dh cm
smgfhf nkhsmnutdvk, hks smhtdrmgks mspmndfjgmhtm
dhnjdhfcks f hmifrhks sd pfrf msm `dh cm smgfhf
afeçfgks cmndcdck
cmndcdck afnmr uh vdfom mh `fgdjdf. Humstrk
prdhndpfj dhtmräs ms rmfjdzfr mj vdfom, gfhtmhmr humstrks
pjfhms y hk smhtdrhks fikedfcks pkr mj trfefok. \frf
jjmifr f nkhknmr nuæjms skh humstrfs hmnmsdcfcms
eæsdnfs, cmemgks
cmemgks prmiuh
prmiuhtfrhks
tfrhks pkr q
quä
uä qumrmgks c cmndr
mndr
‚hk‗. Fsç, cmtræs cm humstrk dhtmräs pkr sfjdr cm vdfom
mstæ jf hmnmsdcfc cm `krtfjmnmr jks jfzks `fgdjdfrms y,
cmtræs cm mjjf, jfs hmnmsdcfcms fÿh gæs eæsdnfs cm
pmrtmhmhndf y fgkr. Cm gkck sdgdjfr, trfs mj dhtmräs
pkr nkhtdhufr nkh humstrks pjfhms mstæ jf hmnmsdcfc
mjmgmhtfj cm futkhkgçf y nkhtrkj skerm humstrk prkpdk
cmstdhk y, cmtræs cmj rmsmhtdgdmhtk pkr uh mxnmsk cm
trfefok sm mhnumhtrf jf hmnmsdcfc prdgkrc
prdgkrcdfj
dfj cm
rmspmtk.
Skgmgks f uh cdrmntdvk cm vmhtfs `rmhtm f su gmokr
njdmhtm? mstm, cm gfhmrf nkhstfhtm, jm mxdim uhf y ktrf
vmz uhf rmcunndþh
rmcunndþh cm prmndks.
prmndks. Ms ktrk nfsk
nfsk gmcdfhtm mj
qum suerfyfr jf dgpkrtfhndf cm nkhknmr humstrfs
gktdvfndkhms.. \frf qum su hmiftdvf smf gæs mhäridnf, mj
gktdvfndkhms
cdrmntdvk hmnmsdtf sfemr nuæj ms mj jfck
j fck pksdtdvk skerm mj
qum sm `uhcfgmhtf su rmnafzk. Nufhck sm jm prmiuhtþ
pkr mstm fspmntk, mj cdrmntdvk rmspkhcdþ qum sm trftfef
cm ‚ifrfhtdzfr uh `juok pmrgfhmhtm cm dhirmsks‗ m,
dhtmrpmjfck uhf vmz gæs pkr jf ÿjtdgf rfzþh cm su sç,
nkhtmstþ ‚qum tkcks pkcfgks trfefofr y yk pumcf gfhtmhmr
f gd `fgdjdf‗. ^u nkhndmhndfndþh skerm mstf hmnmsdcfc
eæsdnf jm prkpkrndkhþ
prkpkrndkhþ jf nkhvdnndþh
nkhvdnndþh y jf rrktuhcdcfc
ktuhcdcfc
prmndsfs pfrf rmnafzfr cm pjfhk jk qum su njdmhtm jm
mxdiçf.
Fpfrtm cm jfs hmnmsdcfcms,
hmnmsdcfcms, tfg
tfgedäh
edäh jks vfjkrms oumifh
uh dgpkrtfhtm pfpmj mh jf gktdvfndþh. Jks vfjkrms skh
jks prdhndpdks y nrmmhndfs smiÿh jks qum iudfgks
humstrfs vdcfs. Fuhqum pumcfh vfrdfr cm uhf nujturf f
ktrf k cm uh dhcdvdcuk f ktrk, jks vfjkrms gæs
mjmgmhtfjms (akhmstdcfc, rmspmtk, tkjmrfhndf,
skjdcfrdcfc,, oustdndf k nkrfom) skh pfrtm cmj fnmrvk
skjdcfrdcfc
nujturfj cm jf gfykrçf cm jfs skndmcfcms.
Jks vfjkrms pumcmh prkpkrndkhfr uhf sþjdcf gktdvfndþh

pfrf cmndr ‚hk‗, pums f jf gfykrçf cm jfs pmrskhfs jms

rmsujtf gæs `ændj fckptfr uhf fntdtuc `drgm mh hkgerm
cm uhks prdhndpdks qum mh hkgerm cm sus hmnmsdcfcms
pmrskhfjms. Mj nfsk cm ^amrrkh Yftbdhs, uhf mgpjmfcf
cm Mhrkh, ms guy sdihd`dnftdvk mh mstm smhtdck. Yftbdhs
tuvk mj su`dndmhtm nkrfom nkgk pfrf msnrdedr uh
gmgkræhcug
gmgkræhc ug f su om`m, Bmhhmta Jfy, mj cdrmntkr
imhmrfj cm jf nkgpföçf. Mh äj jm fjmrtfef skerm jfs
præntdnfs pknk msnrupujksfs
msnrupujksfs m djmifjms qum mh msm
gkgmhtk tmhçfh juifr mh Mhrkh y prkhkstdnfef uhf
dgpjksdþh nkgk rmsujtfck cm jks msnæhcfjks
`dhfhndmrks.
^u vkz hk `um
` um msnunafcf y pknk cmspuäs, Mhrkh mstfef
mh jf efhnfrrktf y fhtm uhf dhvmstdifndþh oucdndf
oucdndfj,
j, jk
qum prkvknþ jf pärcdcf cm gdjms cm pumstks cm trfefok y
cm jks fakrrks cm sus mgpjmfcks. Fj mxnjfgfr ‚hk‗ fhtm
jfs præntdnfs djmifjms cm su mgprmsf, ^amrrkh Yftbdhs
cmnçf ‚sç‗ f sus prkpdks vfjkrms cm dhtmirdcfc y
akhmstdcfc. Fuh sdmhck uhf fnndþh frrdmsifcf, cmndcdþ
mhvdfr mj gmgkræhcug pkrqum pfrf mjjf sm trftfef cm

uhf numstdþh cm prdhndpdks. @um jf nkhndmhndf cm sus

vfjkrms pmrskhfjms
pmrskhfjms jk qum jm prkpk
prkpkrndkhþ
rndkhþ mj mgpu
mgpuom
om
su`dndmhtm pfrf f`drgfr su ‚hk‗ pksdtdvk y pkcmrksk.
\ktmhndfr mj ‚hk‗.
‚hk‗. Cfr uhf hmiftdvf pkr rmspumstf
sdmgprm rmsujtf cd`çndj? jks cmgæs pumcmh rmfnndkhfr
nkh vmamgmhndf y sm hmnmsdtf uhf irfh cksds cm
nkh`dfhzf mh sç gdsgk pfrf fiufhtfr msf rmfnndþh. Jf
pmrskhf qum sm cmndcm f prkhuhndfr uh ‚hk‗ cmem sfemr
nþgk rm`krzfrjk sd su dhtmrjknutkr hk jk rmspmtf.
]hf vmz qum humstrks dhtmrmsms sm afh trfhs`krgfc
trfhs`krgfckk mh
dhtmhndkhms njfrfs y `drgms, afy qum rmspfjcfrjks nkh
uh pjfh E k uhf mstrftmidf fjtmrhftdvf pfrf prktmimrjks
mh nfsk cm qum humstrks dhtmrjk
dhtmrjknutkrms
nutkrms hk qudmrfh
fnmptfr humstrk hk. Mj pjfh E rm`jmof humstrf nfpfndcfc
pfrf sftds`fnmr humstrfs hmnmsdcfcms
dhcmpmhcdmhtmgmhtm
dhcmpmhcdmhtmg mhtm cm qum mj ktrk cmndcf rmspmtfr k hk
humstrks dhtmrmsms.
^d humstrf dhtmhndþh ms rmspkhcmr nkh uh ‚hk‗ fj
nkgpkrtfgdmhtk
nkgpkrtfg dmhtk feusdvk cm humstrk om`m, mj pjfh E
pkcrçf nkhsdstdr mh dhtmhtfr mj trfsjfck f ktrk
cmpfrtfgmhtk k eusnfr mj fpkyk cmj cmpfrtfgmhtk cm
UUAA. ^d uh njdmhtm hks fekrcf nkh mxdimhndfs qum hk
pkcmgks fnmptfr, mj pjfh E cmemrçf nkhtmgpjfr jf
eÿsqumcf cmcm uh humvk njdmh
njdmhtm
tm k dgpjdnfr f h
humstrk
umstrk om`m
mh jf skjundþh cmj nkh`jdntk. ^dmgprm qum humstrk
dhtmrjknutkr tmhif gæs pkcmr qum hksktrks, cdspkhmr cm
uh pjfh E nkhtrdeud
nkhtrdeudræ
ræ f diufjfr jfs `umrzfs y fsç pkcmr
mxprmsfr humstrk rmnafzk gæs `ændjgmhtm.

Mj pjfh E ms uhf fnndþh qum pumcm jjmvfrsm f nfek sdh mj

fpkyk cm jks cmgæs, tfj y nkgk cmgumstrf mj nfsk cmj
‚akgerm qum cdok HK f Yfj-Gfrt‗, Odg Ydmr, cdrmntkr
imhmrfj cm ^dgpjdndty, uhf nkgpföçf prkpdmtfrdf cm jf
gfrnf ^hfppmr cm nkrtfckrfs cm näspmc cm ifgf fjtf.
Mstf gfrnf `fnturfef cmnmhfs cm gdjjkhms cm cþjfrms mh
su hmikndk nkh Yfj-Gfrt2 `um mhtkhnms nufhck jf
gfykrdstf mxdidþ uhf rmcunndþh sustfhndfj mh jks
prmndks f nfgedk cm uhf nkgprf fÿh gfykr. Cmndr qum
‚hk‗ f Yfj-Gfrt sm nkhsdcmrfef uh sudndcdk mh mj
guhck cm jks hmikndks. ^dh mgefrik, Odg Ydmr sm
cmndcdþ f afnmrjk trfs skpmsfr jfs nkhsmnumhndfs qum jf
fnmptfndþh tmhcrçf fj nfek cm cdmz föks? jfs nkhtdhufs
rmcunndkhms cm prmndk supkhcrçfh uhf dhmvdtfejm nfçcf
cm jf nfjdcfc, `dfedjdcfc y curfndþh, prmndsfgmhtm
fqumjjk qum ktkrifef f ^hfppmr su rmputfndþh mhtrm jks
nkhsugdckrms. F pmsfr cm qum Yfj-Gfrt mrf mj cmstdhk
cmj 5<% cm jfs vmhtfs cm ^hfppmr, Ydmr kptþ pkr
pmrcmrjfs y prmsmrvfr jks vfjkrms qum fpuhtfjfefh su
gfrnf, ifrfhtdzfhck cm msf gfhmrf su supmrvdvmhndf f
jfrik pjfzk.
Jk qum jm pmrgdtdþ f Ydmr tkgfr mstf vfjdmhtm cmndsdþh
`um su pjfh E. Mstm nkhsdstçf mh vmhcmr jfs nkrtfckrfs
cm näspmc mxnjusdvfgmhtm f trfväs cm uhf rmc cm
cdstrdeudckrms dhcmpmhcdmhtm, nuyks gdmgerks
nkhknçfh f jf pmr`mnndþh mj `uhndkhfg
` uhndkhfgdmhtk
dmhtk cmj
prkcuntk, mrfh nfpfnms cm mxpjdnfr su usk fj nkgprfckr
y mstfefh mh nkhcdndkhms
nkhcdndkhms ccmm k`rmnmr uh smr
smrvdndk
vdndk pkst-

vmhtf sd jjmifsm f smr hmnmsfrdk. Jks

Jks cdstrdeudckrms
cdstrdeudckrms
fnmptfrkh nkh mhtusdfsgk jf prkpumstf cm ^dgpjdndty y
mstf sm rmnupmrþ prkhtk cm jfs pärcdcfs knfsdkh
knfsdkhfcfs
fcfs pkr
su rupturf cm rmjfndkhms nkgmrndfjms nkh Yfj-Gfrt.
Mh fjiuhfs ndrnuhstfhndfs pfrtdnujfrgmhtm cd`çndjms,
gunafs pmrskhfs sm dhnjdhfh f pmhsfr qum mj keomtdvk
cm su pjfh E cmem smr nfstdifr f jf pfrtm nkhtrfrdf pkr
su nkgpkrtfgdmhtk dhnkrrmntk.
dhnkrrmntk. ^dh mgefrik, mj pjfh
huhnf af cm nkhvmrtdrsm mh `rutk cm humstrf `rustrfndþh
k drf, pums jf rfzþh cm su mxdstmhndf ms ifrfhtdzfr qum
humstrks dhtmrmsms smfh rmspmtfcks dhnjusk nufhck mj
dhtmrjknutkr hk qudmrm nkkpmrfr. Mj pjfh E hk ms tfhtk
momrnmr uh pkcmr skerm jks cmgæs nufhtk smr jf jjfvm
pfrf sftds`fnmr jks dhtmrmsms prkpdks. ^þjk mhtkhnms ms
uhf futähtdnf mstrftmidf fjtmrhftdvf.
Gkstrfr rmspmtk. ]hf vmz jdstks pfrf gkstrfr
humstrf hmiftdvf fhtm fjik, qumcf mj rmtk cm prmpfrfr f
jks cmgæs pfrf qum jf rmspmtmh. ^m trftf cm `fndjdtfrjms
jf fnmptfndþh cm humstrk ‚hk‗ afndähckjms vmr qum, mh mj
`khck, sm trftf cm uhf fntdtuc pksdtdvf. Mj prdhndpfj

msnkjjkuh
nkgk msrmnafzk
qum jf gfykrçf
afndf mj cm jfsfuh
ktrk, hmiftdvfs
nufhckskh vdstfs
jf dhtmhndþh
hk afyf sdck msf. Ms mhtkhnms nufhck jks cmgæs sm
pumcmh smhtdr fvmrikhzfcks, k`mhcdcks, mxnjudcks k
augdjjfcks y humstrf rmjfndþh nkh mjjks nkrrm pmjdirk cm
sfjdr pmroucdnfcf.
pmroucdnfcf.
Mj smnrmtk pfrf qum mj ktrk sm gumstrm rmnmptdvk `rmhtm f
humstrf hmiftdvf hk mstæ mh rmnafzfrjk, sdhk mh
rmspmtfrjk. Mj rmspmtk hk ms uh kpkrtuhdsgk
kpkrtuhdsgk,, sdhk qum
mh su smhtdck gæs eæsdnk, sdihd`dnf cm`mrmhndf afndf jks
cmgæs y rmnkhknmrjks nkgk smrms augfhks diufjms f
hksktrks. F vmnms, mstk sm kjvdcf guy `ændjgmhtm.
Fhtms cm pkcmr gkstrfr rmspmtk
rmspmtk afndf jks ccmgæs,
mgæs,
hmnmsdtfgks rmspmtfrhks f hksktrks gdsgks, ms cmndr,
mj nkhouhtk cm mgkndkhms
mgkndkhms,, dhtmrmsms y hmnmsdcfcms qum

skgks. ^þjk mhtkhnms mj rmspmtk afndf jks ktrks ms

futähtdnk. ^mr rmspmtuksks hk ms nkhsmnumhn
nkhsmnumhndf df cm
humstrf cmedjdcfc k dhsmiurdcfc, sdhk qum prkvdmhm cm
jf `umrzf y nkh`dfhzf qum smhtdgks mh hksktrks gdsgks.
Afy qum rmspmtfr fj ktrk hk pkr jk qum äj ms, sdhk pkr jk
qum skgks hksktrks. Mj rmspmtk cmem smr jf mxprmsdþh cm
humstrf pmrskhfjdcfc y humstrks vfjkrms.
Fuhqum pumcm
pumcm cfrsm mj nfsk cm
cm qum fjiudmh hk hks
hks
dhspdrm hd mj gæs gçhdgk rmspmtk, sdmgprm pkcmgks
gkstrfrjk.. Mj rmspmtk eæsdnk sm nkhstruym f trfväs cm
gkstrfrjk
nkgpkrtfgdmhtks guy nkhnrmtks, tfjms nkgk msnunafr
k gkstrfr rmnkhkndgdmhtk fj ktrk, qum cmspuäs pkcræh

jjmvfrhks kMh
futähtdnk. hknufjqudmr
afndf mj smhtdgdmhtk cmj rmspmtk mhtm cm
nfsk, m dhcmpmhcdmhtmg
dhcmpmhcdmhtmgmhtm
humstrks smhtdgdmhtks,
smhtdgdmhtks, jk dgpkrtfhtm ms fntufr sdmgprm
nkh cm`mrmhndf afndf jks cmgæs.
Fj cmndr ‚hk‗
‚hk‗ f uhf pmrskh
pmrskhf,
f, jm mstfgks mxpr
mxprmsfhck
msfhck
fjik qum nkh tkcf smiurdcfc hk mspmrf hd qudmrm kçr. Mh
mstm smhtdck, mj rmspmtk sdrvm pfrf afnmrjm gæs rmnmptdvk
f humstrk gmhsfom mh juifr cm qum sdgpjmgmhtm jk
rmnafnm. Nkh msf fntdtuc ms pksdejm fpjfnfr jf
dhtmhsdcfc cm su rmfnndþh y fugmhtfr jfs pksdedjdcfcms
cm uhf rmspumstf `fvkrfejm
` fvkrfejm f humstrf prkpksdndþh.
Nufhtk gæs nkhtuhcmhtm smf mj ‚hk‗ qum vfgks f
prkhuhndfr, gæs rmspmtk amgks cm gkstrfr afndf
humstrk dhtmrjknutkr.
Afy qum rmnkhknmr qum mj rmspmtk ms jf nkhnmsdþh gæs

efrftf qum pkcmgks

pkcmgks afnmr f jjks
ks cmgæs. N
Numstf
umstf pknk y
pumcm smrvdr cm gunak. Vudzæ afy fjik gæs qum uhf
nfsufjdcfc mh qum Skyktf smf uhf cm jfs nkgpföçfs
futkgkvdjçstdnfs gæs prþspmrfs cmj guhck y qum mj
rmspmtk pkr jks mgpjmfcks, jks skndks, jf skndmcfc y jks
njdmhtms smf jf efhcmrf cm sus prdhndpdks
`uhcfgmhtfjms.
Jf gfhmrf gæs smhndjjf cm gkstrfr rmspmtk ms msnunafr
fj dhtmrjknutkr nkh ftmhndþh, nkhnmhtræhcksm mh fqumjjk
qum qudmrm trfhsgdtdr y mh jks dhtmrmsms y hmnmsdcfcms
qum mstæh cmtræs. Ms `uhcfgmhtfj hk dhtmrrugpdrjk y
skrprmhcmr irftfgmhtm
irftfgmhtm dhtmrmsæhcksm pkr sd tdmhm fjik

gæs qumuh
ketmhmr föfcdr.
mhkrgmMsnunafr
nfucfjnkh ftmhndþh pmrgdtm
cm dh`krgfndþh cm mxtrmgf
utdjdcfc y nkhvdmrtm humstrk ‚hk‗ mh gæs m`mntdvk.
Ndmrtf nkgpföçf cm sk`twfrm mstuvk `krzfcf f cmndr ‚hk‗
f uhk cm sus gmokrms njdmhtms. Jf nkgpföçf cmsnuerdþ
jfs vmhtfofs cm afnmr prmiuhtfs pfrf cmsnuerdr jfs
vmrcfcmrfs hmnmsdcfcms
hmnmsdcfcms cm ssu
u njdmhtm y cm msm gkck
gkck
pkcmrjm cfr uhf hmiftdvf gmhks trfugætdnf. Fsç, pkr
momgpjk, mj dhtmräs mh sfemr pkr quä hmnmsdtfef mj
cmsfrrkjjk cm uhf cmtmrgdhfcf nfrfntmrçs
nfrfntmrçstdnf
tdnf
cmj sk`twfrm (qum sþjk fugmhtfef mj tdmgpk y mj nkstm cm
cdsmöfr mj prkcuntk), nufhck yf mxdstçfh ktrfs sdgdjfrms
qum skjk prmndsfefh smr nkh`diurfcfs, jkirþ qum mj
njdmhtm sm gkstrfsm gæs rmnmptdvk afndf uhf humvf
skjundþh. Cm msf `krgf, mj ‚hk‗ cm jf nkgpföçf `um
fnmptfck sdh qum mjjk nkhjjmvfrf pmrcmr mj ‚sç‗ cmj
njdmhtm.
Msnunafr y afnmr prmiuhtfs skh sþjk jks prdgmrks pfsks
mh gkstrfrsm rmspmtuksks nkh jks cmgæs, pmrk afy qum
jjmifr gæs jmoks y mxprmsfr rmnkhkndgdmhtk afndf jf ktrf
pmrskhf. Skck smr augfhk tdmhm uh cmsmk eæsdnk cm smr
rmnkhkndck, cm smr trftfck nkgk uhf pmrskhf nkh
hmnmsdcfcms y cmrmnaks fj diufj qum tkcks jks cmgæs. Mj
rmnkhkndgdmhtk
rmnkhkndg dmhtk ms mxfntfgmhtm jf msmhndf cmj rmspmtk.
Eke Dimr, sunmskr cm Gdnafmj Mdshmr nkgk cdrmntkr
imhmrfj cm jf Nkrpkrfndþh Cdshmy, tuvk qum afnmr `rmhtm
f uhf rmemjdþh cm sus fnndkhdstfs pkr jfs pkjçtdnfs y jfs
fntdtucms cm su prmcmnmskr. Nkgk nkhsmnumhndf cm jfs

gdsgfs, mj skerdhk
nkh uhk cm cm Yfjtdhvmrskr
jks prdhndpfjms Cdshmy,ms
Ukh
dhvmrskrms Cdshmy,
cm jf ouhtk
nkgpföçf,
^tfhjmy Ikjc, cdgdtdmrkh cm jf ouhtf cdrmntdvf m
dhdndfrkh uhf nfgpföf cm cmsprmstdidk cm Mdshmr f
trfväs cm Dhtmrhmt. Jf nfgpföf jkirþ qum mj 3=% cm jks
fnndkhdstfs jm rmtdrfsm sus vktks f Mdshmr mh jf ouhtf
fhufj.
Srfs rmsujtfr mjmidck Dimr (nfhcdcftk prkpumstk
prkpumstk pkr
Mdshmr), Cdshmy y Ikjc cmgfhcfrkh f jks cdrmntkrms cm
jf nkgpföçf pkr nkhsdcmrfr qum mj prknmsk afeçf sdck
gfhdpujfck. Mh su dhtmhtk pkr cmsejkqumfr jf
sdtufndþh, jk prdgmrk qum adzk Dimr `um vdsdtfr
pmrskhfjgmhtmm f Cdshmy y pmcdrjm qum fnmptfrf mj
pmrskhfjgmht
pumstk cm prmsdcmhtm cm akhkr cm jfj f nkgpföçf. Mstf
prkpumstf `um uh fntk cm rmnkhkndgdmhtk
rmnkhkndgdmhtk f jks cmsvmjks
cm Cdshmy mh sus föks cm smrvdndk f jf nkgpföçf, y nkh
mjjf sm nkhsdiudþ fpjfnfr mj cmsnkhtmht
cmsnkhtmhtk k cm jjks
ks
fnndkhdstfs y nmrrfr jf wme mh numstdþh. Mh pfjferfs
cm Sam Mnkhkgdst, ‚tkck jk qum tuvk qum afnmr mj ^r. Dimr
`um gkstrfr uh pknk cm rmspmtk pkr mj ^r. Cdshmy‗.

^miuhcf pfrtm? nkguhdnfr mj ‚hk pksdtdvk‗

Nkguhdnfr uh ‚hk pksdtdvk‗ ms uhf tfrmf qum rmqudmrm
afedjdcfc y tfntk?
6. sm dhdhdn
dndf
df nkh
nkh jf f`
f`dr
drgf
gfnd ndþh
þh (s
(sç)
ç),,
5. ms
msttfe
fejm
jmnnm uh
uh jç
jçgdtm
dtm ((h
hk),
>. tm
tmrg
rgdhdhff nkh
nkh uhf
uhf prkp
prkpks ksdn
dndþ
dþh
h (s
(sç)ç)..
^miÿh mstm msqumgf, uhf pmrskhf qum sm vdmrf kejdifcf
f rmnafzfr jf dhvdtfndþh f jdcmrfr mj nkgdtä cm
emhm`dnmhndf jknfj,
jknfj, pkcrçf afnmrjk
afnmrjk cm jf sdiudmhtm
sdiudmhtm
gfhmrf? ‚\kr gktdvks `fgdjdfrms hk pumck nkgprkgmtmrgm
pkr fakrf. ^dh mgefrik, mh mj nfsk cm qum fÿh mstuvdmrfh
dhtmrmsfcks, mj prþxdgk fök ms pksdejm qum gm mhnumhtrm
cdspkhdejm. Irfndfs pkr pmhsfr mh gç.‗ Srfs uhf hktf
dhdndfj cm rmnkhkndgdmhtk, sm nkguhdnf mj ‚hk pksdtdvk‗
mxprmsfhck uh ‚sç‗ f jks dhtmrmsms `fgdjdfrms2 k cdnak cm
ktrf gfhmrf? mj ‚hk‗ sm dgpkhm cm uh gkck qum hk
prkvknf rmnafzk y sm tmrgdhf prkpkhdmhck uh ‚sç‗
fjtmrhftdvk nkh jf gdsgf hktf cm rmspmtk nkh jf qum sm
af mgpmzfck. Mstf ms jf mstrunturf eæsdnf cmj ‚hk
pksdtdvk‗? sdmgprm prmnmcdcf y smiudcf cm mxprmsdkhms
cm rmspmtk.
Mxprmsfr mj ‚sç‗. Mj ‚sç‗ dhdndfj tdmhm cks keomtdvks
prdgkrcdfjms?
prdgkrcdfjms? cmofr njfrfs humstrfs dhtmhndkhms y
mxpjdnfr fj dhtmrjknutkr mj pkrquä cm humstrk rmnafzk.
Mstf mxpksdndþh cm dhtmhndkhms tdmhm qum cmgkstrfr mj
nkgprkgdsk qum gfhtmhmgks nkh humstrfs
prmknupfndkhms
prmknupfndkh ms m dh`uhcm vdikr y nkhvdnndþh f humstrf
hmiftdvf. Nufhck Hmjskh Gfhcmjf `um jjmvfck f oudndk
mh 6403, dhsdstdþ mh cdrdidrsm fj trdeuhfj (mh nkhtrf cm
jks nkhsmoks cm sus fekifcks y efok mj rdmsik cm fnfefr
nkhcmhfck f gumrtm) pums nkhsdcmrfef qum mxpkhmr mh
pÿejdnk sus dhtmhndkhms vfjçf jf pmhf.
Mh su cdsnursk f`drgþ qum afeçf cmcdnfck tkcf su vdcf f
jf junaf pkr mj pumejk f`rdnfhk, qum junaþ nkhtrf jf

ckgdhfndþh
hmirf. Föfcdþejfhnf
qum diufj qum
smiuçf nkhtrf jf ckgdhfndþh
fjemrifhck mj dcmfj cm uhf
skndmcfc cmgknrætdnf y jderm mh jf nufj tkcks pucdmrfh
nkhvdvdr mh frgkhçf m diufjcfc cm kpkrtuhdcfcms, y qum pkr
tkck mjjk mstfef cdspumstk f frrdmsifr su vdcf. Mh mstfs
pfjferfs sm fprmndf jf msmhndf cmj ‚hk pksdtdvk‗, qum
rmsdcm mh cmofr edmh njfrks jks dhtmrmsms prkpdks sdh
rmnafzfr fj ktrk nkgk pmrskhf. Mj ‚sç‗ dhdndfj ms jf
nkhcdndþh pfrf jkirfr msm mqudjderdk tfh cmjdnfck.
Cfck qum humstrk dhtmrjknutkr pumcm gfjdhtmrprmtfr
nkh `fndjdcfc humstrf hmiftdvf y ftrdeudrjm smiuhcfs
dhtmhndkhms, msm prdgmr ‚sç‗ ms jf kpkrtuhdcfc cm
mxpjdnfr jks gktdvks cm fqumjjf y cmgkstrfr qum jk qum
eusnfgks hk ms rmnafzfrjk
rmnafzfrjk nkgk pmrs
pmrskhf,
khf, sdhk tfh skjk
skjk
prktmimr jk qum pfrf hksktrks ms dgpkrtfht
dgpkrtfhtm.
m.
Humstrk ‚sç dhdndfj‗ sm pumcm nkhstrudr cm trms gfhmrfs
prdhndpfjms? nkh prkpksdndkhms mh >ª pmrskhf cmj
sdhiujfr (äj/mjjf), mh 6ª prdgmrf pmrskhf cmj sdhiujfr
(yk) y mh 6ª pmrskhf cmj pjurfj (hksktrks). Dgfidhmgks
uh mhuhndfck nkgk mstm? ‚Cmedck f jks hugmrksks
nfgedks qum ustmc skjdndtþ y mj jfrik tdmgpk qum fj mqudpk jm
jjmvþ krifhdzfrsm, mj prkcuntk jjmif nkh rmtrfsk‗. Mh juifr
cm mjjk, uhf nkhstrunndþh qum hk sm cdrdof fj njdmhtm hd
gmhndkhm fj mqudpk cm trfefok cf f jf `rfsm uh tkhk
gunak gæs hmutrfj? ‚Mj prkcuntk sm rmtrfsþ nkgk
rmsujtfck cm jks gunaks nfgedks rmfjdzfcks‗. Cm msf
gfhmrf sm mvdtf ftrdeudr nujpfedjdcfc
nujpfedjdcfcms
ms k mgdtdr oudndks
y ÿhdnfgmhtm
ÿhdnfgmhtm sm nkhstftfh jkjkss amnaks.
Jfs prkpksdndkhms mh 6ª pmrskhf cmj sdhiujfr rmsujtfh
kpkrtuhfs pkrqum pkhmh mh prdgmr pjfhk humstrf
mxpmrdmhndf y hk jfs `fjtfs cm jks cmgæs y, cfck qum sm
rm`dmrmh f humstrks smhtdgdmhtks y hmnmsdcfcms
hmnmsdcfcms,, skh
gæs cd`çndjms cm rmeftdr. ]hf prkpksdndþh mh 6ª pmrskhf
sm pumcm nkgedhfr nkh uhf prkpksdndþh cm >ª pmrskhf
cm jf sdiudmhtm gfhmrf?
6. sm c cmmsnrdemh jjk
ks a ammnaks (Nufhck sm cf jf sdtufndþh
Q),
5. sm mxmxpr
prms
msfh
fh jk
jkss ssmh
mhtd
tdgd
gdmh
mhtk
tkss (nrmk qum gm smhtdrçf
T),
>. sm ``kr
krg
gujfjfh
h jk
jks dhdhtmr
mrms
msms
ms (pkrqum qudmrk k hmnmsdtk
_).
@dhfjgmhtm, jfs `rfsms mh 6ª pmrskhf cmj pjurfj mvdtfh
qum humstrks dhtmrmsms pfrmznfh mikçstfs k uhdjftmrfjms
y cfh, mh nfgedk,
nfgedk, jf smhsfn
smhsfndþh
dþh cm smr fjik nnkgpfrtdck
kgpfrtdck
pkr tkcks. Ms, pkr tfhtk, ÿtdj fpmjfr f mjjks k dhvknfr uh
prdhndpdk nkgÿh. Fsç, mh juifr cm gfhd`mstfr fhtm uh
njdmhtm ‚Hk pumck pmrskhfjdzfr mstm prkcuntk pfrf ustmc
pkrqum humstrks emhm`dndks sm rmcundrçfh‗, jf prkpksdndþh
sm pumcm rm`krgujfr `ændjgmhtm cm mstf ktrf gfhmrf?
‚\frf gfhtmhmr jks prmndks fsmqudejms qum tkcks humstrks
njdmhtms mspmrfh, hk pkcmgks pmrskhfjdzfr mstm prkcuntk
pfrf ustmc.‗
F`dfhzfr mj ‚hk‗.
‚hk‗. ]hf vmz qum afyfgks pumstk cm
gfhd`dmstk humstrf fntdtuc dhdndfj cm ‚sç‗, vdmhm f

nkhtdhufndþh jf mxprmsdþh
Mstf ms uhf fnndþh rktuhcf
guy sdgpjm, cm humstrk
yf qum nkh mjjf‚hk‗.
jk qum sm
afnm ms mstfejmnmr uh jçgdtm njfrk.
Nufhck utdjdzf jf pfjferf ‚hk‗, tkck afejfhtm rmfjdzf uh
imstk cm pkcmr. Jk afedtufj ms edmh mxnmcmrsm mh mj usk
cm mjjf y afnmr qum sm mhtdmhcf nkgk uh ftfqum, edmh
prkhuhndfrjf
prkhuhndfr jf sdh jf su`dndmhtm nkhtuhcmhndf y mhtkhnms
afnmrjf pfrmnmr cäedj y vfndjfhtm. Jf skjundþh pfsf pkr
mgpjmfr mj jjfgfck ‚hk hfturfj‗. Mj ‚hk hfturfj‗ ms uh
‚hk‗ sdgpjm y cdrmntk qum mgfhf nkh hfturfjdcfc cm
humstrk pkcmr y cmj rmspmtk qum smhtdgks pkr jks
cmgæs.
Nufhck cmnjfrfgks nkh `drgmzf humstrk ‚hk pksdtdvk‗,
hk sþjk cmsnrdedgks humstrks smhtdgdmhtks m dhtmrmsms,
sdhk qum mvdcmhndfgks humstrk nkgprkgdsk nkh mj

`uturk nursk cm fnndþh qum mstfgks cmndcdcks f

mgprmhcmr. Mj ‚hk‗ hk ms skjfgmhtm mxprmsfck, sdhk
qum sm fpkyf mh humstrk pkcmr pmrskhfj. Humstrf
dhtmhndþh ms sþjdcf y mstfgks prmpfrfcks pfrf fpjdnfr
uh pjfh E sd `umrf hmnmsfrdk2 humstrk nkgprkgdsk pkhm
uh jçgdtm qum hk mxdstçf fhtms, afndmhck qum jf rmfjdcfc
skndfj sm gkcd`dqum.
F prkpþsdtk cm mstm fspmntk, tmhmgks
tmhmgks mj momgpjk c cmm uhf
sdtufndþh cm hmikndfndþh nkgmrndfj, cm vfrdks gmsms cm
curfndþh, y mh jf qum mrf hmnmsfrdk cmndr ‚hk‗ fj njdmhtm.
Mh uh gkgmhtk cmtmrgdhfck, jf mgprmsf cmndcdþ pkr
`dh prmsmhtfr su ÿjtdgf k`mrtf. Nufhck mstf jjmiþ fj

njdmhtm,
mgprmsfmspmnd`dnfhck
pkcçf k`rmnmr,qum mrfqudsk
fqumj jk gæxdgk qumuhf
rmtkgfr jf vmz
gæs jf hmikndfndþh y pjfhtmfr humvfs mxdimhndfs. Mh
vdstf cm jf rmfnndþh,
rmfnndþh, uhk cm jks
jks cdrmntdvks mh
mhnfrifck
nfrifck cm
nkguhdnfr jf ÿjtdgf pfjferf cm su mgprmsf, afejþ cm
uhf gfhmrf pfusfcf y rktuhcf? ‚Sfj vmz hk gm afh kçck,
pmrk mstf ms humstrf ÿjtdgf k`mrtf‗. Srfs mstf
cmgkstrfndþh
cmgkstrfndþ h cm `drgmzf, mj njdmhtm pmrgfhmndþ
pmhsftdvk uhks smiuhcks y nkgmhzþ f nfgedfr cm
kpdhdþh. Mj cdrmntdvk afeçf `dofck uh jçgdtm y, nkh mjjk,
trfhsgdtdþ fj njdmhtm qum, gæs fjjæ cm fqumjjk, rmnurrdrçf
f su pjfh E, ms cmndr, eusnfr f ktrks pksdejms
dhtmrmsfcks. Cmndr ‚hk‗ f humstrk dhtmrjknutkr pumcm,
pfrfcþodnfgmhtm,
pfrfcþodnfg mhtm, smr emhm`dndksk dhnjusk pfrf äj? mh mj
nfsk cmsnrdtk, mj njdmhtm sfeçf qum, fnmptfhck jf k`mrtf,
ketmhçf jf gmokr pksdejm.
]h ‚hk hmiftdvk‗ firfhcf jf cdstfhndf mhtrm qudmh jk
prkhuhndf y qudmh jk msnunaf2 gmcdfhtm uh ‚hk
pksdtdvk‗ sm `kgmhtf mj fnmrnfgdmhtk y sm trftf cm
prmsmrvfr mj nkhtfntk f trfväs cmj rmspmtk. Nufhck uh
dgpkrtfhtm efhnk mspfökj tuvk qum dh`krgfr f uhk cm
sus prdhndpfjms njdmhtms cm qum smrçf dgpksdejm
nkhnmcmrjm mj prästfgk skjdndtfck, hk cmoþ mj fsuhtk mh
gfhks cmj mgpjmfck cm turhk. Mj efhnk nkhsdcmrfef
qum su hmiftdvf tmhçf tfj trfsnmhcmhn
trfsnmhcmhndfdf qum `um uhk cm
jks prkpdmtfrdks mj mhnfrifck cm trfhsgdtdr mj gmhsfom.
Mstm hk mhvdþ uhf nfrtf hd rmfjdzþ uhf jjfgfcf qum,
cfck jk mgefrfzksk cm jf rmspumstf, auedmrfh
prmsmrvfck jfs cdstfhndfs, sdhk qum dhvdtþ f nkgmr fj
njdmhtm f uhf `dhnf cm su prkpdmcfc `umrf cm Gfcrdc.
Mh jf nkhvmrsfndþh qum sdiudþ f jf nkgdcf, mj efhqumrk
mspfökj suerfyþ nuæhtk fprmndfef su rmjfndþh nkh mj
njdmhtm, nþgk smhtçf hk pkcmr smrvdr cm fyucf mstf vmz
mh mj tmgf cmj prästfgk y mxprmsþ su mspmrfhzf cm
pkcmr afnmrjk mh mj `uturk. Nkh mstf mjfekrfcf nkrtmsçf,
mj efhqumrk cmofef njfrk mj fprmndk qum smhtçf pkr su
dhtmrjknutkr, trfhsgdtçf su gmhsfom y prmsmrvfef jf
dhtmrjknutkr,
rmjfndþh. Cmndr ‚hk‗ mh uhf knfsdþh tfh mspmndfj, y nkh
mj gdsgk nudcfck y nkrtmsçf qum sm utdjdzfrçf pfrf
nmjmerfr jf `drgf cm uh irfh nkhtrftk, nkhvdmrtm mj ‚hk‗
mh fjik nfsd tfh prkgmtmckr nkgk mj ‚sç‗.
\rkpkhmr mj ‚sç‗. Nufhck amgks cmofck njfrk
humstrk ‚hk‗, f gmhuck hks smhtdgks tmhtfcks cm
cmofrjk tkck mh msm puhtk, nkhvmhndc
nkhvmhndcks
ks cm qum mj
trfefok mstæ amnak. ^dh mgefrik, uh ‚hk‗, pfrf qum smf
rmfjgmhtm prkvmnaksk, cmem dr fnkgpföfck cm uh ‚sç‗,
mh diufj gmcdcf mh qum `um prmnmcdck pkr ktrk ‚sç‗. Mh
mj prdgmrk cm mjjks sm pkhmh cm gfhd`dmstk humstrks
dhtmrmsms prdhndpfjms, gdmhtrfs qum mh mj smiuhck
fhdgfgks f humstrk dhtmrjknutkr f jkirfr ktrk
rmsujtfck pksdtdvk.
]hf prkpksdndþh pksdtdvf ms uhf skjundþh præntdnf qum f
jf vmz ms
m s mspmnç`dnf, rmfjdstf y nkhstruntdvf, y pumcm
tkgfr vfrdfs `krgfs. Fsç, nufhck nkhtmstfgks nkh uh
‚hk‗ f uhf cmgfhcf, pkcmgks fnkgpföfrjk cm uhf

tmrnmrf kpndþh.
rmprkefejm, ^d cmndgks
humstrf ‚hk‗ fpksdtdvf
prkpksdndþh uh nkgpkrtfgdmhtk
pumcm smr
mxdidr cm uh gkck nkhstruntdvk qum sm prkcuznf uh
nfgedk cm nkgpkrtfgdmhtk. @dhfjgmhtm, sd humstrk
‚hk‗ ms tktfj y su`dndmhtm, jf prkpksdndþh pksdtdvf pumcm
`krgujfrsm mh tärgdhks cm pmcdr fj dhtmrjknutkr qum
sdgpjmgmhtm fnmptm humstrf hmiftdvf.
Jf tmrnmrf kpndþh, gmhndkhfcf nkh fhtmrdkrdcfc,
nkhsdstm hkrgfjgmhtm mh sugfr f humstrk ‚hk‗ uhf
skjundþh qum rmsumjvf jfs hmnmsdcfcms cm humstrk
dhtmrjknutkr y f jf vmz sfjvfiufrcm humstrk
humstrkss prkpdks
dhtmrmsms. \kr momgpjk, fhtm uh mgpjmfck qum skjdndtf
uh fugmhtk cm sumjck, uh cdrmntdvk nkhsndmhtm cm qum
mj prmsupumstk cm jf mgprmsf dgpdcm nkhnmcmrjk, pumcm
k`rmnmr f nfgedk ktrfs kpndkhms pfrf hk cmsgkrfjdzfr
fj mgpjmfck y kejdifrjm f eusnfr trfefok `umrf cm jf
mgprmsf? mj rmnkhkndgdmhtk (mh `krgf cm uh humvk
pumstk), gæs rmspkhsfedjdcfc (pfrtdndpfndþh mh uh
prkymntk cm irfh vdsdedjdcfc cmj qum cmpmhcm mj `uturk
cm jf mgprmsf), mstucdfr jks ifstks cm msnkjfrdzfndþh cm
sus adoks (imstdkhfr uh prästfgk k fyucfr f mhnkhtrfr
uhf emnf) k sdgdjfrms. Jk dgpkrtfhtm ms cmgkstrfr fj
dhtmrjknutkr qum sm jm vfjkrf y sm dhtmhtf cfr uhf
rmspumstf f sus hmnmsdcfcms cm jf gmokr gfhmrf
pksdejm.
Nufhck cmndgks ‚hk‗ fj nkgpkrtfgdmhtk cm jks cmgæs,
cmemgks fsmiurfrhks cm fnkgpföfr humstrf pksturf
cm uhf mxpjdnfndþh njfrf cm pkr quä cmem smr nkrrmidck.

Jks mnkjkidstfs
Ckiwkkc cm jfs
Fjjdfhnm, pkrkrifhdzfndk
krifhdzfndkhms
hms @krmstf Mtadns
momgpjk, nrdtdnfrkh jf y
nkgpföçf ^tfpjms pkr nkgprfr prkcuntks cm pfpmj
mjfekrfcks nkh jf gftmrdf prdgf cm fhtdiuks eksqums
smrdfgmhtm fgmhfzfcks. Jk adndmrkh gmcdfhtm uhf
dhvdtfndþh pÿejdnf fj cdrmntkr imhmrfj cm cdnaf
nkgpföçf pfrf vdsdtfr jks eksqums y nkgprkefr pkr sç
gdsgk mj smhtdck cm jf nrçtdnf qum rmndeçf. Mj prmsdcmhtm
fnmptþ y mhvdþ f fjiuhks cm sus momnutdvks f nkgprkefr
dh sdtu mj mstfck cm jks eksqums, trfs jk nufj ^tfpjms
cmndcdþ cmofr cm nkgprfr prkcuntks `ferdnfcks nkh jf
gfcmrf cm fqumjjks ærekjms mh pmjdirk.
@dhfjgmhtm, nufhck hk mxdstm ktrf pksdedjdcfc qum jf cm
dgpkhmr uh ‚hk‗ rktuhck, jf prkpumstf pumcm smr
gçhdgf. Fj dhtmrjknutkr sm jm pdcm cm gfhmrf mxpjçndtf k
dgpjçndtf qum sdgpjmgmhtm fnmptm mj ‚hk‗. Jf gfhmrf
cm afnmrjk nkhsdstm mh rmspmtfr y pmcdr rmspmtk, nkgk
nufhck f uh vmhcmckr dhsdstmhtm sm jm cdnm qum hk fjtmrm
humstrf prdvfndcfc y cmom cm jjfgfr pkr tmjä`khk k
nufhck rmnafzfgks uhf dhvdtfndþh y pmcdgks qum hks
nkgprmhcfh.. Mh mstm nfsk, jk qum sm prkpkhm ms mj
nkgprmhcfh
rmspmtk gutuk, prmndsfgmhtm uhk cm jks keomtdvks
prdhndpfjms cmj ‚hk pksdtdvk‗.

Smrnmrf pfrtm? cmsfrrkjjfr mj ‚hk pksdtdvk‗

\mrgfhmnmr `dmjms f humstrk ‚sç‗. Mj prdgmr pfsk
afndf mj cmsfrrkjjk cm uh ‚hk pksdtdvk‗ mgpdmzf pkr
gfhtmhmrsm `dmjms fj ‚sç‗ prmvdk skerm mj qum mstm ‚hk‗ sm
skstdmhm. Mstk nfsd huhnf ms uhf tfrmf `ændj,
` ændj, yf qum jks
cmgæs sumjmh dhtmhtfr dgpmcçrhksjk cm cdvmrsfs
gfhmrfs? nkh sÿpjdnfs, fgmhfzfs k nafhtfoms. ]h om`m
qum hks mspmtf ‚Hk fnmptk mj hk nkgk rmspumstf‗, k uh
njdmhtm qum sm gumstrf cmsf`dfhtm nkh su ‚»Vudmrm
trfefofr nkh hksktrks k hk; \krqum jm fsmiurk qum sus
nkgpmtdckrms sç qumrræh‗, skh gumstrfs cm mstf fntdtuc.
Mxdstmh vfrdfs gfhmrfs cm pmrgfhmnmr `dmjms f humstrk
‚sç‗ gdmhtrfs cmndgks ‚hk‗ m, dhnjusk, nkhsmiudr qum
mstm ÿjtdgk smf fnmptfck. ]hf cm mjjfs ms nkgprmhcmr
qum jks cmgæs hmnmsdtfh tdmgpk pfrf fnmptfr humstrfs
hmiftdvfs. Fsç, pkr momgpjk, fhtm uh njdmhtm dgpkrtfhtm
qum hks mxdim nujgdhfr uh prkymntk mh uh tdmgpk
nkgpjmtfgmhtmm drrmfj, aferæ qum trftfr cm cmgkstrfr
nkgpjmtfgmht cmgkstrfrjm
jm
jf dgpksdedjdcfc cm tfj fnndþh. ^u prdgmrf rmfnndþh smræ

fjik pfrmndck f ‚^miurk qum pumcm afnmrjk‗. ^d

pmrsdstdgks mh humstrf mxpjdnfndþh y rmdtmrfgks jfs
rfzkhms pkr jfs qum nugpjdr nkh su cmsmk ms tktfjgmhtm
dhvdfejm, nfem jf pksdedjdcfc cm qum mj njdmhtm gfhd`dmstm
irfh fhsdmcfc? ‚Mj prkymntk tdmhm qum `dhfjdzfr mh mj
tdmgpk mxdidck pkrqum, cm jk nkhtrfrdk, gm mhnkhtrfrä fhtm
uh irfvm prkejmgf‗. Dhnjusk jf fhsdmcfc pumcm
nkhvmrtdrsm mh rfedf? ‚^d hk auedmrf tfrcfck tfhtk mh
cmvkjvmrgm jf prkpumstf, aferçf afedck tdmgpk su`dndmhtm‗2
y cm jf rfedf pfsfr
pfsfr f jf fgmhfzf? ‚^d qudmrm qum
gfhtmhifgks mj nkhtrftk, mhnkhtrfræ tdmgpk pfrf afnmrjk‗.
Fj `dhfj, y sdmgprm
sdmgprm f nkhcdnd
nkhcdndþh
þh cm qum humst
humstrk
rk ‚hk
pksdtdvk‗ smf nkguhdnfck smiÿh mj msqumgf
f`drgfndþh-jçgdtm-prkpksdn
f`drgfndþh-j çgdtm-prkpksdndþh,
dþh, mj njdmhtm dræ
gkstræhcksm
gkstræhck sm cdspumstk f hmikndfr m, dhnjusk, f fnmptfr
humstrf prkpumstf.
Ktrk gkck cm gfhtmhmr humstrk puhtk cm vdstf ms
rmspkhcmr f tkck jk qum sm hks cdnm cm mstf
gfhmrf? ‚Fa, »sç;‗ (nkh jk qum sm rmnkhknm mj puhtk cm
vdstf cmj dhtmrjknutkr
dhtmrjknutkr cm uh g
gkck
kck hmutrk y hk
rmfntdvk)2 ‚»T;‗ (pfrf rmspkhcmr, mj dhtmrjknutkr
fiktfræ mhtkhnms tkcfs sus tæntdnfs y trunks sdh jkirfr
dhgutfrhks)2
dhgutfrhks )2 y, pfrf nkhnjudr, ‚Hk‗, nkh jk qum hks
rftd`dnfgks mh humstrf hmiftdvf.
Ejdhcfr humstrk ‚hk‗. ^d humstrk dhtmrjknutkr cmndcm
hk rmspmtfr humstrk ‚hk‗, fcmgæs cm rmsdihfrhks k cm
cmnjfrfrjm jf iumrrf, rmstf jf kpndþh cm ejdhcfr humstrf
rmspumstf. \kr mjjk sm mhtdmhcm mj suerfyfr,
suerfyfr, nkh
pfndmhndf m dhsdstmhndf, qum humstrk ‚hk‗ ms ‚mj HK‗ y
qum mstfgks cmndcdcks f cm`mhcmr humstrks dhtmrmsms
sdh cmsnfrtfr jf pksdedjdcfc cm uh fnumrck k uhf
rmjfndþh sfhf. \frf mjjk, afy qum vfjmrsm cmj mgpuom cm
humstrfs dhtmhndkhms,
dhtmhndkhms, fpkyfck mh mj pjfh E. Fuhqum ms
trfhqudjdzfckr sfemr qum nkhtfgks nkh uh pjfh E,
trfhqudjdzfckr
rmnurrdr f äj pumcm smr f vmnms frrdmsifck y, mh mstm
nfsk, ms prm`mrdejm dhtmhtfr nkhvmhnmr fj ktrk fhtms qum
sfnfr mj pjfh.
Nkh msm keomtdvk mh gmhtm, afy qum mgpmzfr sdmgprm
pkr rmpmtdr mj ‚hk‗ tfhtfs vmnms nkgk smf hmnmsfrdk. ^d
mstk hk cf rmsujtfck, jf smiuhcf vçf ms fcvmrtdr fj

dhtmrjknutkr cm jfs
humstrf pksturf nkhsmnumhndfs
y, skjk cm su
sd mstf kpndþh rmnafzk f
tfgpknk
`uhndkhf, pkhmr mhtkhnms mh gfrnaf mj pjfh E.
Jks cmgæs qudzæ rmnafnmh msnunafr humstrk ‚hk‗, qudzæ
sm mhnumhtrmh mh uh mstfck cm hmrvdksdsg
hmrvdksdsgkk k ejkqumk k
sdgujmh hk afemrhks kçck k afemr kjvdcfck jk qum
cdodgks. Mstf sdtufndþh mxdim qum rmpdtfgks humstrk
‚hk‗ afstf qum mj dhtmrjknutkr sm cä pkr mhtmrfck cmj
gmhsfom.
Jf gfhmrf mh qum jfj f pkjdnçf mstfckuhdcmhsm rmskjvçf jks
smnumstrks afnm uhfs cänfcfs mrf guy erusnf? fj
smnumstrfckr sm jm cfefh ndhnk gdhutks pfrf jdemrfr f
jks rmamhms2 mh nfsk cm hk afnmrjk, sm mgpjmfrçfh ifsms
jfnrdgþimhks y jf pkjdnçf nfrifrçf nkh tkcfs sus `umrzfs.
Mj efjfhnm cm smgmofhtms fntufndkhms mrf nkh

`rmnumhndf uh irfh hÿgmrk cm vçntdgfs, tfhtk mhtrm jks

rmamhms nkgk mhtrm jks fimhtms y, pkr supumstk, mj
smnumstrfckr. Aky mh cçf, jf pkjdnçf af fprmhcdck f
mxprmsfr su ‚hk‗ f jks smnumstrfc
smnumstrfckrms
krms nkh gæs m`dnfndf.
Fj gdsgk tdmgpk
tdmgpk qum prmpfr
prmpfrfh
fh mj pjfh E (`umrzfs
mspmndfjms qum tkgfh pksdndkhms mstrftäidnfs pfrf mj
nfsk cm qum mj usk cm jf `umrzf sm afif hmnmsfrdk), jks
pkjdnçfs rmnurrmh f uhf hmikndfndþh trfhqud
trfhqudjf,
jf, pfndmhtm
y pmrsdstmhtm mh mj trfhsnursk
trfhsnursk cm jf nufj smræ hmnmsfrdk
hmnmsfrdk
rmpmtdr mj ‚hk‗ mh gÿjtdpjms knfsdkhms y cm uhf gfhmrf
`drgm y rmspmtuksf.
^d uhf pfndmhtm rmdtmrfndþh cmj ‚hk‗ qumcf sdh m`mntks

skerm humstrk
nkhsmnumhndfs
nkhsmnumhn dfsdhtmrjknutkr,
cm su fntdtucnkhvdmhm
gmcdfhtmsmöfjfrjm
prmiuhtfsjfsqum jm
jjmvmh f rm`jmxdkhfr mh jf rmfjdcfc cm jf sdtufndþh k mh
sus nkhsmnumhndfs.
nkhsmnumhndfs. \kr momgpjk? »Vuä pfsfrçf sd hk
jjmiæsmgks f uh fnumrck fakrf;, »Vuä nkstms tmhcrmgks
qum fsugdr pkr jjmvfr mstk f oudndk k fnfefr mh jf aumjif; ,
mtn.
^d dhnjusk cmspuäs cm jjfgfrjm jf ftmhndþh skerm jfs
nkhsmnumhndfs,
nkhsmnumhn dfs, mj dhtmrjknutkr sm rmsdstm, ms jf akrf cm
mgpjmfr mj pjfh E pfrf cmgkstrfr qum humstrfs
fcvmrtmhndfs hk mrfh pfpmj gkofck y qum humstrf
nrmcdedjdcfc pmrgfhmnm
pmrgfhmnm dhtfntf. Mj pjfh E cmem
momnutfrsm nkh rfpdcmz, pmrk nkh nudcfck cm hk
gfrnfrjk nkh uh mspçrdtu cm vmhifhzf, dhsmhsdedjdcfc
afndf mj su`rdgdmhtk cm jks cmgæs k uhf `fjtf cm rmspmtk
hktkrdf.
Hmikndfr pfrf mj ‚sç‗. Nufhck uh ‚hk‗ ms fnmptfck,
ms mj gkgmhtk cm hmikndfr pfrf nkhsmiudr uhf rmjfndþh
fÿh gmokr. Mj keomtdvk `dhfj cmj gätkck cmj ‚hk
pksdtdvk‗ ms pkcmr cmndr ‚hk‗ y fj gdsgk tdmgpk
ketmhmr mj ‚sç‗ gmcdfhtm jf hmikndfndþh
hmikndfndþh.. Jk qum cm msf
gfhmrf sm jkirf ms uh fnumrck qum sftds`fnm humstrks
dhtmrmsms y tkgf mh nkhsdcmrfndþh jks cm jf ktrf pfrtm.
Sfj fnumrck pumcm fckptfr jf `krgf cm uhf rmjfndþh
`rfhnf qum pmrgdtf f fgefs pfrtms pmrgfhmnmr `dmjms f
sç gdsgfs k, f vmnms, fnfefr mh uhf smpfrfndþh
fgdstksf.

Afy trms
cm jks irfhcms
cmgæs y jfskestænujks
prkpumstfsqum
qumsmjms
mrdimh mhtrm mj Mj
pjfhtmfgks. ‚sç‗
prdgmrk ms jf mxdstmhndf cm uhf hmnmsdcfc hk nuedmrtf k
uhf prmknupfndþh. Mj smiuhck ms mj amnak cm qum, fuh
mstfhck cdspumstks f fnmptfr humstrf prkpksdndþh,
fjiuhks dhtmrjknutkrms hmnmsdtfh jf fprkefndþh cm ktrfs
pmrskhfs nuyf kpdhdþh jms rmsujtf dhcdspmhsfe
dhcdspmhsfejm.
jm. Mj
tmrnmr kestænujk ms mj nfræntmr pfsfomrk cmj ‚sç‗ cmj
dhtmrjknutkr nkgk nkhsmnumhndf cmj cfök qum humstrk
‚hk‗ af dh`jdidck f jf rmjfndþh.
Jf jjmifcf afstf mj ‚sç‗ `dhfj ms uh nfgdhk qum rmqudmrm
nkhsmiudr cm jks cmgæs jks trms ‚sçms‗ prmvdks?
 mj cmj fnumrck,
 mj cm jf fprkefndþh,
 mj cm jf rmjfndþh.
Mj prdgmr cmsf`çk ms ketmhmr uh sç sftds`fntkrdk
gmcdfhtm uh fnumrck qum sftds`fif jks dhtmrmsms cm
fgefs pfrtms. Mh jf hmikndfndþh cm uhf fcqudsdndþh cm
mgprmsfs sm afeçf jjmifck f uh puhtk gumrtk pkr jf
numstdþh cmj prmndk. Jf nkgpföçf mh vmhtf pmcçf uh
6<% gæs cm jk qum mj nkgprfckr mstfef cdspumstk f
pfifr y jfs cks pfrtms sm rmpmtçfh mj ‚hk‗ gutufgmhtm.
Mj vdnmprmsdcmhtm cm jf nkgprfckrf mstfef cmndcdck f
afnmr fvfhzfr jfs hmikndfndkhms y, mh su f`æh pkr
nkhknmr jks gktdvks cm jf dhtrfhsdimhndf cmj ktrk jfck,
cmsnuerdþ qum mj prmsdcmhtm cm jf nkgpföçf mh vmhtf
qumrçf nrmfr uhf `uhcfndþh pfrf jf prktmnndþh cmj
gmcdk fgedmhtm y pfrf mjjk hmnmsdtfef mj 6<% fcdndkhfj.
Jf nkgpföçf nkgprfckrf, prkpdmtfrdf cm hugmrksfs
irfhofs y pjfhtfndkhms pkr tkck mj guhck, pjfhmfef
oustk mh msm gkgmhtk
gkgmhtk nrmfr u uh
h nkhsmok ijkefj
ijkefj pfrf jf
prktmnndþh cmj gmcdk fgedmhtm. F su vdnmprmsdcmhtm sm
jm knurrdþ prkpkhmr fj prmsdcmhtm cm jf ktrf nkgpföçf
pfrf cdrdidr cdnak nkhsmok. Mstm ÿjtdgk fnmptþ nkh iustk
jf dhvdtfndþh y mj fnumrck pfrf jf fcqudsdndþh sm `drgþ
cm dhgmcdftk. Nkh su nkgpkrtfgdmhtk,
nkgpkrtfgdmhtk, mj
vdnmprmsdcmhtm cmgkstrþ
cmgkstrþ qum
qum mrf nfpfz cm cms
cmsnuerdr
nuerdr jfs
hmnmsdcfcms cm su dhtmrjknutkr, sftds`fnmrjfs y ketmhmr
mj ‚sç‗ sdh tmhmr qum pfifr nkh su ‚hk‗.
Fuhqum uh fnumrck sdmg
sdmgprm
prm ms edmhvmhdc
edmhvmhdck,
k, hk cmem
nkhsdcmrfrsm nkgk mj `dhfj cm uhf hmikndfndþh. Vumcf
pkr nkhsmiudr qum humstrk dhtmrjknutkr numhtm nkh jf
jf
fprkefndþh cm ktrfs pmrskhfs dgpjdnfcfs (om`ms,
fnndkhdstfs, ouhtfs cdrmntdvfs, gdmgerks cm jf
fnndkhdstfs, j f `fgdjdf,
mtn.) pfrf qum su ‚sç‗ smf cm`dhdtdvk. Cmscm sdmgprm afh
mxdstdck fnumrcks qum huhnf sm afh jjmvfck f jf præntdnf
pkr jf kpksdndþh cm jfs rmstfhtms pfrtms dhtmrmsfcfs2 cm
faç qum smf prdgkrcdfj hk kjvdcfrsm cm mjjfs. ]h
prmsdcmhtm cm ikedmrhk, pkr momgpjk, qum qudsdmrf
fnmptfr jfs cmgfhcfs cm dhcmpmhcmhndf cm uh irupk
iumrrdjjmrk k tmrrkrdstf, tmhcrçf qum tmhmr mh numhtf jf
rmfnndþh cm su mjmntkrfck, sdh jf nufj su ‚sç‗ pkcræ
qumcfr rmcundck f jf hfcf.
Srfs prkhuhndfr mj ‚hk‗, uhk sm vm tmhtfck f fefhckhfr

tkcf
cmem rmjfndþh nkhf su
mgpjmfrsm dhtmrjknutkr
`khck nufhck ymh
pkr prkjkhifrjf rmfjdcfc jf,
cmsfrrkjjfr
cmsfrrkjjfrjf,
pums msf ms jf gfhmrf cm fpkstfr pkr mj `uturk. F uh
‚hk‗ pumcm smiudrjm uh ‚sç‗ mh mj
m j nfsk cm gfhtmhmr uhf
rmjfndþh nkrcdfj f pmsfr cm jfs cd`mrmhndfs. Mh mj prdgmr
cmeftm tmjmvdsdvk qum Hmjskh Gfhcmjf skstuvk nkh mj
rmprmsmhtfhtm cm jf gdhkrçf ejfhnf, cm Bjmrb, fqumj
gfhd`mstþ? ‚F pmsfr cm tkcfs jfs nrçtdnfs qum jm am cdrdidck,
äj ms uhf cm jfs pmrskhfs nkh jfs qum numhtk pfrf trftfr cm
rmskjvmr jks prkejmgfs `uturks cm ^ucæ`rdnf‗, y hk cucþ mh
k`rmnmrjm mj pumstk cm vdnmprmsdcmh
vdnmprmsdcmhtm
tm cmj pfçs.

Nkhnjusdþh? mj gftrdgkhdk mhtrm mj ‚sç‗ y mj ‚hk‗

Mj ‚hk pksdtdvk‗ rmprmsmhtf uh gfrdcfom mhtrm cks cm jfs
pfjferfs eæsdnfs cm nufjqudmr dcdkgf? mj ‚sç‗ y mj ‚hk‗.

Mj prdhndpfj prkejmgf mh mj guhck fntufj ms qum jf

gfykrçf cm jfs pmrskhfs cdvkrndf sus ‚sç‗ cm sus ‚hk‗ y
nfm fsç vçntdgf cm jf rmsdihfndþh k cm jf iumrrf. Mj ‚sç‗
mh fusmhndf cmj ‚hk‗ dgpdcm jf sftds`fnndþh nkh
hksktrks gdsgks, gdmhtrfs qum mh mj nfsk nkhtrfrdk, uh
‚hk‗ qum vdmhm sdh uh ‚sç‗, jk qum sunmcm ms qum sm
cmstruymh humstrfs rmjfndkhms nkh jks cmgæs. \kr mjjk
ms hmnmsfrdk uhdr fgefs pfjferfs sdmgprm qum smf
pksdejm.
Mj ‚sç‗ ms jf pfjferf njfvm pfrf tkcf skndmcfc, pfrf
mstfejmnmr vçhnujks y pfrf jf pfz2 mj ‚hk‗, pkr su pfrtm,
ms jf pfjferf njfvm pfrf mj dhcdvdcuk, jf prktmnndþh y jf

oustdndf.
cm tkck mjFpqum
Fprmhcmr
rmhcmr
sm jkfprkpkhif.
mhjfzfr fg
fgefs
efssdgedksds
Msf ms uh frtmhks
fj fj
fjnfhnm
nfhnm
`fnujtf
pfrf cm`mhcmr humstrk dhtmräs sdh pmroucdnfr humstrks
fnumrcks y rmjfndkhms nkh jks cmgæs, gdmhtrfs
nkjfekrfgks mh nrmfr uh guhck efsfck mh jf
dhtmirdcfc, jf cdihdcfc y mj rmspmtk gutuk.

@dh cmj rmsugmh momnutdvk

Edkirf`çf cmj futkr

Ydjjdfg ]ry `um nk`uhcfckr y cdrmntkr fskndfck cmj Afrvfrc Hmiktdftdkh

\rkomnt. Curfhtm gæs cm trms cänfcfs af momrndck
momrndc k cm fsmskr y gmcdfckr mh
nkh`jdntks eäjdnks, pkjçtdnks y mgprmsfrdfjms mh Krdmhtm Gmcdk, jks
Efjnfhms, jf ]hdþh ^kvdätdnf y Pmhmzumjf. Af sdck fsmskr cm jf Nfsf
Ejfhnf, dgpfrtm nkh`mrmhndfs mh tkck mj guhck y nkjfekrf mh Sam Hmw
Tkrb Sdgms, mj @dhfhndfj Sdgms y jf EEN, mhtrm ktrks.