TRNG I HC NGUYN TT THNH

KHOA DC

GVHD : V HNG TRUNG

Ti:Chu trnh acid citric v s tng hp nng lng ATP

DANH SCH NHM

H v Tn

NGUYN TH THANH LNH

NGUYN L THANH TRC
NGUYN TH THY DUNG
L TH THANH TRC
TRN TH PHNG VY
HUNH KIM VN
NGUYN PH CNG

MSSV
1311522568
1311522565
1311522496
1311522502
1311522692
1311522683
1311522569

Chu trnh Krebs (Chu trnh acid Citric)

I.CHU TRNH ACID CITRIC (chu trnh Krebs)

Krebs tm ra nm 1937 (chu trnh acid citric).

c im v vai tr
Xy ra trong ty th
L giai on thoi ha cui cng chung ca ba cht
(glucid, protid, lipid).
L ni cung cp nng lng di dng ATP cho hot ng
sng ca t bo.
L ni cung cp sn phm trung gian nh acid oxaloacetic,
acid cetoglutaric, succinyl CoA, ... ni lin chu trnh
krebs vi cc chuyn ha khc ca c th v tr thnh v
tr trung tm iu ha cc chuyn ha cc cht.

Cc phn ng

Chu trnh
Ti to oxaloacetat, cht m u chu trnh, bc cui ca chu trnh
Chu trnh l cc phn ng enzym, c th xc tc s chuyn ha ca v
tn nhm acetyl
Gm 8 phn ng xc tc bi enzym
Vn chuyn 4 i in t
Sinh ra cc phn t giu nng lng:
Phn ln nng lng gii phng ra c gi di dng coenzym dng
kh NADH v FADH2 (hoc QH2)
Oxy ha cc coenzym dng kh trong chui h hp sinh ra ATP t ADP
v Pi qua s phosphoryl ha
Phn ng 5 l phosphoryl ha mc c cht sinh ATP hay GTP ty
thuc loi t bo
Phn ng tng qut:
Acetyl-CoA + 3 NAD+ + FAD + GDP + Pi + 2 H2O
2 CO2 + 3 NADH + FADH2 + CoA + GTP + 3 H+

1.Tng hp citrat

2. ng phn citrat thnh isocitrat

3. Kh carboxyl oxy ha isocitrat to ketoglutarat

Phn t NADH th nht c to thnh

Phn t CO2 u tin c to thnh
Enzym xc tc = isocitrate dehydrogenase

4. Kh carboxyl oxy ha a-ketoglutarat to succinylCoA

To phn t NADH th hai

Sinh ra phn t CO2 th hai

5. Chuyn succinyl-CoA thnh succinat

Phosphoryl ha mc c cht
o Ph v lin kt thioeste giu nng lng
o Nng lng gii phng c bo tn bng tng hp nucleosid triphosphate
o GDP ti to li v ATP sinh ra t phn ng ca GTP vi ADP
Enzym = succinyl-CoA synthetase

6. Oxy ha succinat to fumarat

7. Hydrat ha fumarat to L-malat

8. Oxy ha L-malat to oxaloacetat

To phn t NADH th ba
Enzym = malat dehydrogenase

Kt qu
Mi phn t acetyl CoA b t chy trong chu trnh krebs (acid
citric) gii phng 1 HSCoA t do, 2CO2, 8H, Hydro c vn
chuyn n oxy to thnh 4H2O v 12ATP.

Nng lng to thnh trong chu trnh

3NADH (phn ng 3,4,8):
1FADH2 (phn ng 6):
1GTP (phn ng 5):
Cng:

3x3= 9 ATP
1x2= 2ATP
1ATP
12 ATP

II.S tng hp nng lng ATP

1.Vai tr ca ATP
ATP l cht tch tr nng lng
va cung cp nng lngcho
nhiu phn ng ha hc
ATP cung cp nh s co c,qu
trnh sinh tng hp protein
ATP synthase l enzyme tng
hp ATP
ATP cng c s dng
chuyn i gia cc
nucleosidtriphosphate

2.S tng hp nng lng ATP

ATP c tng hp theo 2 con ng:
S phosphoryl ha mc c cht: trong
mt gc phosphat c chuyn t mt hp
cht cao nng lng vo ADP
Phn ng photphorin ha ti enzyme ATP
synthase

S hnh thnh ATP mc c cht

Phosphoryl ha mc c cht
Ph v lin kt thioeste giu nng lng
GDP ti to li v ATP sinh ra t phn ng ca GTP vi ADP
GTP + ADP __________ GDP + ATP
Enzym = succinyl-CoA synthetase(succinat thiokinase)

Thuyt thm thu ha hc

Nng lng to ra t vn
chuyn e- bm H+ t ni
cht ti khng gian gia 2
lp mng ty th dn n to
gradien in ha proton
H+ chuyn ng ngc tr
li ni cht qua enzyme ATP
synthase

M hnh thm thu

H+ c bm t ni cht 3 v tr
Phc hp I=4H+
Phc hp III=4H+
Phc hp IV=2H+

Cu to ca ATP synthase
F1: phn a nc, nh ra t mng
nm trong c cht, cha cc phn
t xc tc, thc hin s tng hp
v thy phn ATP
3 chui xen k vi cc tiu phn
Phn dy lm nhim v lin kt
F1 v Fo

Fo: knh vn chuyn proton, phn k

nc nm trn mng, thc hin s vn
chuyn proton
Rotor: vng c
Stator: v
F1 c 5 chui polypeptide (3, 3, , ,
) tham gia vo hot ng ca ATP
synthase

C ch hot ng ca enzym ATP

synthase
C ch tng hp ATP: qu trnh phosphoryl oxi ha
mng trong ty th
Xc tc bi enzim ATP synthase da trn s chnh lch
gradien nng
Da trn ng c quay ca Fo, F1.

Chui vn chuyn in t
Mc tiu:B gy NADH v FADH2 ,bm H+ vo
mng ngoi cng ca ty th
Ni din ra :ty th