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Ngun gc ca s sng
Bi:
Nguyn Hi
Theo nhiu gi thuyt, sinh vt u tin c to ra t mt qu trnh tin ho ha hc
trong 4 giai on: Tng hp v tch lu cc cht hu c c phn t lng nh t cc
cht v c c sn; Polymer ho cc cht hu c phn t lng thp thnh cht hu c
c phn t lng cao; S kt hp cc cht hu c tng hp bng con ng v c thnh
cc t bo (protobions) c nhng tnh cht ho hc khc vi nhng cht quanh chng;
ngun gc di truyn.
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Ngun gc ca s sng
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Ngun gc ca s sng
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Ngun gc ca s sng
Ngun gc ca s sng
Hin nay cha c m hnh c th no cho thy qu trnh xut hin s sng l t nucleic
acid chng minh bng thc nghim. Nhng theo thuyt ny cc vt sng u tin l cc
i phn t c kh nng sau chp. Cc t bo u tin ny tch ly mt cch chm , v
bao bn ngoi bi cc cht khc. Mt bng chng minh ha r cho c ch ny l cc
virus cha ANR or RNA c cu to n gin.
Nhiu gi thuyt cho rng RNA xut hin trc DNA bi v:
RNA bn hn, ti bn.
RNA c kh nng nhn i t mch khun mu nhanh hn v t li hn cc
trnh t khc.
Vd: Mt trnh t RNA c 40 ribonucleotide c th t nhn i trong mi trng c km
lm xc tc vi sai st thp hn1%
RNA (ribozyme) c kh nng xc tc (Thomas Cech, 1980s): T bo hin i
s dng ribozyme xc tc tng hp cc RNA mi (rRNA, tRNA v mRNA.
Nh vy, RNA l cht t xc tc v trong th gii tin sinh hc trc khi c
protein v DNA, RNA c kh nng t ti bn.
RNA d tng hp hn DNA
S sai st trong qu ti bn cng vi tc ng ca chn lc t nhin to ra s
a dng ca RNA
Nh vy, trong mt thi gian di, vt liu di truyn ca cc tin sinh vt l RNA v s
tin ha dn n ch DNA mch kp n nh hn mang thng tin di truyn. v kh nng
xc tc c chuyn cho protein lm chc nng chuyn ha hu hiu hn.
Theo gi thuyt hin nay, s sng c hnh thnh qua cc bc:
S hnh thnh cc phn t RNA
C ch sao chp RNA
Hon thin h thng nh mng bao
Cc t bo tin ha theo 3 bc:
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Ngun gc ca s sng
Hnh1.5 : S ti ha ca t bo
C th tham kho thm ngun g ca s sng ti: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/
Origin_of_life
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Ngun gc ca s sng
-Tng hp cht hu c cn nng lng, UV (mt tri true to nhiu UV). iu kin hin
ti khng p ng c bi v tng Ozon kh quyn ngn cn cc tia UV.
-Sinh vt tn ti tiu th cc cht hu c to ra.
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