GII BI TP

Bi 6.2 : Cho 1 cnh mng chuyn ng song song vi ng ni tm, gii hn chuyn t dng
chy tng sang dng chy ri thng thng xy ra ti Rex=2.8x106, vi x l khong cch tnh t
mi nhn.Nu cnh ang chuyn ng vi vn tc 20m/s, 20oC, th ti im no trn cnh s
xy ra s chuyn t chy tng sang chy ri trong 2 trng hp: (a) khng kh? (b) nc?

Bi gii:

Ta c : x=

a . Ti 20oC i vi khng kh :

Vy i vi khng kh 20oC : x=2.114m

b. Ti 20oC i vi nc :

Vy i vi nc 20oC : x=14.14m

Bi 6.19 : Mt ng dn ng knh 5mm c s dng o d nht ca du. Khi lu lng l

0.071 m3/h, tn tht p sut trn 1 n v chiu di o c l 375kPa/m. Tnh nht ca cht
lng. Dng chy l dng chy tng? Ta c th c tnh khi lng ring ca cht lng c
khng?( b qua tn tht cc b)

Bi gii:

ng khnh ng dn : D= 5 mm;

p1 V12 p V2
B qua tn tht cc b : Theo phng trnh Bernoulli. Ta c: z1 z2 2 2 hw
2g 2g

Gi s y ng nm ngang
 D=const => V1=V2=V=

Thay vo phng trnh trn

Gi s y l dng chy tng =>

Tra bng t = 20oC , P = 1atm

vi C th l du SAE 30W vi

y l dng chy tng

Bi 6.27: Du c t trng SG=0.9 chy ra t ng hnh 6.27, Q=35ft3/h. Xc nh nht ng

lc (theo ft2/s)? Dng chy l dng chy tng? ( b qua tn tht cc b)

Bi gii:

Chn mt ct 1,2 nh hnh v

Ta c: 1 2
p1 = p2 = pa
Q.4 35* 4 *12 2
V1 = 0 ; V2 = V= = = 7.13
D 4 3600 * * (0.5) 2
ft/s

z1 z2 = H =10 ft

Thay vo phng trnh Bernouli:

p1 V12 p V2
z1 z2 2 2 hw
2g 2g
 V2 7.132
=> H - = hw => hw = 10 = 9.21 ft
2g 2*32.2

Gi s y l dng chy tng:

64 64.

Re V .D

L V 2 64. .L.V 2 32. .V 128.Q. .L

=> hw = . . 2
D 2g D.V .2 g D .g .D 4 . g

=> = 3.76*10-4 ft2/s

4.Q
Re = 790.53 < 2320 => Vy y l dng chy tng
..D

Bi 6.57: John Laufer (NACA Tech. Rep, 1954) a ra bng gi tr vn tc ti 20oC ca dng
khng kh chy trong 1 ng c thnh trn ng knh d=24.7cm ti Re= 5x105. ( b qua tn tht
cc b)Vn tc ti trc ng uCL = 30.5 m/s.

Xc nh : (a)Vn tc trung bnh bng tch phn s.(b) ng sut tip theo lut xp x logarit. So
snh vi th Moody v phng trnh 6.59

Bi gii:

(a) nhit t = 20oC, khng kh c

1.2kg / m3 , 1.8*105 kg / m.s , 1.51*105 m2 / s

Cng thc tch phn tnh vn tc trung bnh trn mt ct c tit din

1
Vtb u.d R 2

d 2 r.dr vi r: 0 -> R
R
1
R 2 0
=> Vtb u (2 R).dr ; chia 2 v cho uCL
 r dr
t d : 0 1
R R
1
V u
=> tb .2..d
u CL 0 uCL

Tnh tch phn theo quy tc hnh thang, ta c:

1
u u u u u
0 uCL .2 .d
uCL 2

. 2
. 1
uCL 1
.( 2 1 )
. 3
. 2 .(3 2 ) ...
uCL 3 uCL 2

Tch phn ny c c lng theo bng tnh ca John Laufer.

Vtb
Kt qu l =0.8356 => Vtb = 0.8356*30.5 = 25.5 m/s
uCL

(b) ng sut tip ri c c tnh theo lut logarit cho mi dim d liu

vi mi (u,y) ta c:

u 1 yu*
ln B vi =0.41 v B= 5.0
u*
Ta bit c ca khng kh v (u,y) t d liu cho

=> V vy ta c c th tnh c u* .

Ta c bng tnh u* nh sau:

u/ucl
i y/R u/ucl r/R 2r/Rdr/R u*

1 1 1 0 0.010373 _

2 0.898 0.997 0.102 0.031743 1.126

3 0.794 0.988 0.206 0.123319 1.128

4 0.588 0.959 0.412 0.195846 1.126

5 0.383 0.908 0.617 0.204455 1.112

6 0.216 0.847 0.784 0.084077 1.099

7 0.154 0.818 0.846 0.084871 1.101

 8 0.093 0.771 0.907 0.076371 1.098

9 0.037 0.69 0.963 0.024585 1.097

10 0 0 1 0.83564 _

=> u* = 1.1m/s 1%

M ri (u * ) 2 => ri = 1.2*(1.1)2 1.45 Pa

S dng th Moody v phng trnh 6.59

Hng s Re v c lng

Gi s V = 25m/s Re =

Re = 436000 ;

Hi t n V = 26,5m/s ;

Bi 6.101: Lm li bi 6.67. Vi tn tht do 1 ch ngot u vo v 1 van swing-check xon

c m hon ton, th cao h ca b phi tng thm bao nhiu %.

Bi gii:

* Khi cha tnh tn tht cc b

* Tnh tn tht cc b

i vi Open fully crewed swimg-check valve ng knh danh nh D = 1/2 in

i vi th chy t b vo ng vi mp vo sc cnh

Tn tht cc b :

( ) =(5.1+0.5) =10.52 ft

cao h cn t c l:

Bi 6.117: Sa li bi 6.116 nh sau: Q = 45m3/h i vi

nc 20oC, xc nh tn tht p sut ton b p1-p2 theo kPa.
B qua tn tht cc b

Bi gii:

Q = 45 ; ; LB
=250 m ; LA = 100 m; LC = 150m


Gi s

( )

( )

167 kPa

Bi6.4:

Dng chy ca du 30 qua ng c d=5cm.Xc nh lu lng ca dng chy bng /h ti im

chuyn i gia dng chy tng v dng chy ri 20 v 100

Gii:

Tra bng oil 30 ta c:

=891 kg/

=0.29kg/m.s 20

=0.01kg/m.s 100
Ta c = v Q=v.

a)Re= = = = =2300

=>Q=0.0293. =106

b)Re= = = =

=>Q=0.00101. =3.6

Bi 6.20:

Mt ng ht soda di 20cm,ng knh d=2mm,n phn pht soda lnh,xp x nc 10 ,vi lu

lng 3 /s.Hi tn tht dc ng qua ng.Hi p lc theo trc gradient x nu dng
chy l theo chiu thng ng t di ln v theo chiu ngang.

Phi ca con ngi c th phn pht dng ny khng?

Gii:

Vi nc 10 : =1000kg/ v =(1.307) kg/m.s

Re= = =1460

( )
=f. . = . = =

Nu dng chy l dc,t di ln:

= = =19800 (1)

Nu dng chy l ngang:

= = =9980 (2)

Phi con ngi chc chn phn phi c trng hp (1)

Bi 33:
Cho hnh 6.25.Dung dch ethyl alcohol 25 v bn cha rt rng.Tm lu lng dng chy
theo /h.C phi l dng chy tng khng.

Gii:

Ta c =789 kg/

=0.0012kg/m.s

p dng phng trnh becnuli:

+ + = + + +

Ta c = , = =0.

=f. . = . = =

= - =0.9m

=>Q=1.9. =0.00684

Xt Re= =795<2300 =>dng chy tng.

Bi 67:

Chiu cao h bng bao nhiu hnh 6.61 phn pht lu lng 0.015 /s qua ng D=0.5-in
commercial steel pipe.

Gii:

Vi nc 20 , =1.94slug/

=(2.09). slug/ft.s

i vi commercial steel, =0.00015ft,hay

/D=0.00015/(0.5/12)=0.0036

V= = =11 ft/s
( )

Re= = =4250

Ta c f=0.0301
h= + (1+f. )= (1+0.0301(

ch :ft/ =0.3048m/

Bi 105:

Cho hnh v

ng cast-iron di 1200m,ng knh D=5cm.

Gi s im 1 c nng ln 400m.Xc nh p sut ti

im 1 lu lng l 0.005 ca nc 20 vo
h cha.

Gii:

Vi nc 20 =998 kg/ , =0.001kg/m.s

i vi cast-iron , =0.26mm,v vy /D=0.52

Q= = =2.55m/s
( )

Re= =12700

Tra bng: f=0.0315

Tra bng:H s tn tht

:K=0.2

:K=0.3

Global valve:K=8.5

t m:K=1

p dng pt becnuli:

+ + =0+0+ + +

=500-400+ [0.0315(1200/0.05)+0.5+2.(0.2)+4.(0.3)+8.5+1-1]=353

=> =353.998.(9.81)=3.46Mpa

Bi 6.118:
Cho h thng nh hnh v:

Tt c cc ng bng b tng vi g gh l
0.04in.Tnh tn tht p sut p1-p2 bng lbf/
nu Q=20 /s.cht lng l nc 20

Gii:

Vi nc 20 , =1.94slug/

=(2.09). slug/ft.s

Ta c:

L=1000ft d=12in L/d=1000 =0.00333

1500ft 12in 2250 0.00500

800ft 8in 800 0.00333

1200ft 15in 960 0.00267

= = =25.5(ft/s)
( )

= =(2.36). , =0.027

Do ng b,c,d song song nn:

= = = = = v + + =20 (

Suy ra:

=3.77 ( , =5.38 (

Th vo ta c:Q=20 = (1+3.77 ( +5.38 ( )

=349000, =0.0306

=878000, =0.0271

=1002000, =0.0255

Suy ra: =1.835

 =7.351

=10.814

Suy ra:

=5.25ft/s, =9.36 ft/s, =8.28ft/s

Vy tn tht p sut l:

- = + =17000 + 1800=18800psf 131 lbf/

Prob 6.6

Nc 200C,cht lng chy qua ng c d=8cm,vi lu lng l 850cm3/s.Xc nh xem dng

chy tng hay dng chy ri trong cc trng hp sau:

a) Hydro

b) Khng kh

c) Xng

d) Nc

e) Thu ngn

f) Glycerin

Gii:

Ta tnh s Reynold:

V .D
Re D

4.Q 4.(850. 6m3 / s )

Vi: V 0.169m / s
.D 2 .(0.08m) 2

v.d 0,169.0, 08
Suy ra: Re D

Ty thuc gi tr s Reynold, ta c

Chy tng nu: Re D 2320

Chy ri nu : Re D 2320

Cht lng , m2/s ReD Trng thi dng chy

Hydro 1.08E4 125 Chy tng

Khng kh 1.5E 5 900 Chy tng

Xng 4.3E 7 31400 Chy ri

Nc 1.0E 6 13500 Chy ri

Thy ngn 1.15E 7 117000 Chy ri

glycerin 1.18E 3 11.4 Chy tng

Prob 6.21:

Nc 20oC b tht thot qua 1 ng di 1m,d=2mm nh

hnh v.C phi bt k chiu cao H no cng cho dng chy
tng khng.Tnh lu lng ti H=50cm.B qua cong
ng.

BI GII:

Nc 20oC c =998kg/m3 v =0.001kg/m.s.Phng trnh Bernouli i vi cht lng thc:

patm 02 p v2
z1 atm z h
g 2g g 2g 2 f

Hay:

V2 32 L
H hf V
2g gd 2

V2 32(0.001)(1.0)V
0.5
2.(9.81) 998(9.81)(0.002) 2

=>
 m
V 0.590
s

Vy lu lng Q khi H=50cm l:

m3 m3
QH 50cm (0.002)2 (0.590) 1.85E 6 0.0067
4 s s

Kim tra:

Re
998 0.590 0.002 1177 2320
0.001

=> khi H=50cm th dng chy l dng chy tng

Nu Re<2320 =>H<1.018=>dng chy l dng chy tng

Nu Re>2320=>H>1.018 dng chy l dng chy ri

Prob 6.34:

Cho h thng nh hnh 6.33,nu cht lng

c kg/m3 v lu lng cha bit trc,vi
gi tr no ca nht th xc nh c
chnh xc gi tr ti hn ca h s
ReyNolds(2300)?

Gii:

Thit lp phng trnh Bernuli:

p1 v2 p v2
1 z1 2 2 z2 h f
.g 2.g .g 2.g

vi p1 = p2 = p0 , v1 v2 0 do b tng
i ln

=> h f z1 z2 0,9m

l v2
M hf f . . 0,9
d 2g

64 64.
Ta c Re =2300 => dng chy tng => f
Re .v.d
 64. l v 2 32. .l.v 128..l 4.Q
=> h f . . .Q (do v )
.v.d d 2 g .g .d 2 . .g .d 4 .d 2

.d 2 .d 2 Re. .d .Re.
M Q .v .
4 4 .g 4.

128. .l 128. .l .d .Re. 32.Re. 2 .l

=> h f .Q . 0,9
. .g .d 4 . .g.d 4 4. 2 .g.d 3

0,9. 2 .g .d 3 0,9.9202.9,81.0, 0023

=> 2 6, 769.107
32.l.Re 32.1, 2.2300

=> 8, 227.104 kg / (m.s)

Prob 6.68Nc 200 C c bm thng qua ng di 2000ft t b 1 ln b 2 vi lu lng 3ft3/s

nh hnh 6.68.Nu ng l gang c c ng knh 6 in v bm c hiu sut 75% th cng
sut cn thit ca my bm l bao nhiu(tnh bng Hp)? (B qua tn tht cc b)

Gii:

Nc 200C c 1,94slug / ft 3 ,
2, 09.105 slug / ft.s

ng bng gang c => 0,00085 ft

0, 00085
=> 0, 0017
d (6 /12)

Q Q 3
C v 15,3 ft / s
S ( d / 4) ( / 4).(6 /12)
2

.v.d 1,94.15,3.6 /12

Re 709000
2, 09.105

Tra biu Moody hoc tnh theo cng thc Frenken,ta c

0, 25 0, 25
f 0, 0227
7, 4.r0 7, 4.(3 /12) 2
(lg )2 (lg )
0, 00085

T phng trnh nng lng ta c:

 p1 v12 p2 v2 2
z h z h
.g 2.g 1 bom .g 2.g 2 f

vi p1 = p2 = p0 , v1 v2 0 do b tng i ln

l v2
=> hbom z2 z1 h f z f . .
d 2g

2000 (15.3)3
120 ft 0, 0227. . 120 330 450 ft
6 /12 2.9,81

Cng sut ca my bm l:
.g.Q.hbom 1,94.(32.2).3.450 112200
P 204 Hp
0, 75 550

Vy P=204 Hp

Prob 6.110:

Gii:

Nc 200C c 998kg / m3 ,
0,001kg / m.s

ng gang c 0, 26mm ,=>

0, 26
0, 0052
d 50

Dng t thu t b ra ng => K=0,5

Tra bng 6.5,ta c globe valse(van cu ) c K 6,9

Q Q 0, 004
C v 2, 04m / s
S ( / 4).d 2
( / 4).0, 052

.v.d 998.2, 04.0, 05

Re 102000
0, 001

Tra biu Moody hoc tnh theo cng thc Frenken:

Ta c
 0, 25 0, 25
f 0, 0316
7, 4.r0 7, 4.0, 025 2
(lg )2 (lg )
0, 00026

Ta c phng trnh nng lng:

p1 v2 p v2
1 z1 2 2 z2 h f hm ht
.g 2.g .g 2.g

vi p1 = p2 = p0 , v1 0 do b tng i ln, v2 v

v2
=> ht z h f hm
2g

l v2 v2 v2
=> ht z f . . Ki .
d 2g 2g 2g

v2 l
=> ht z .[ f . K i 1]
2g d

2, 042 125
=> ht 40 .[0, 0316. 0,5 6,9 1] 21,5m
2.9,81 0, 05

=> P .g.Q.ht 998.9,81.0, 004.21,5 840W

Vy P= 840 W
Prob 6.119:

Cho h thng ng dn nh hnh v. tt c cc ng l lin nhau vi nhm l 0.04 inch. Tr lc

(p1-p2) l 98lbf/ in2. B qua tn tht cc b, xc nh tc dng chy theo n v m3/h.

Bi gii:

T cu 6.118 c pa 17000 v p 18800 =>u tin,chng ta c th on rng:

lpf La Va 2 1.94Va 2
pa 0.092p 0.092(98 144) 1272 2 f a (0.027)(1000)
ft da 2 2
 12 ft 3
=>Va=22.5ft/s v Qa AaVa 22.05 17.3
4 s

8 fb LbQb 2 8 f c LcQc 2 8 f d Ld Qd 2
Ta c: h fb h h
2 gdb5 fc
2 gdc5 fd
2 gdd 5

=> Qc 3.77Qb fb / fc v Qd 5.38Qb fb / f d

1/2 1/2

Li c Qa Qb Qc Qd

=> Qa Qb 1 3.77 fb / f c 5.38( fb / f d )1/2

1/2

Cho f b f c f d

=>Qb=1.585ft3/s , Qc=6.375ft3/s, Qd=9.358ft3/s, fb=0.037

Ta c:
p1 p2 f a La / d a Va 2 / 2 f b Lb / db Vb 2 / 2 12717 1382 14099
lbf lbf
2
98 2
ft in

ft 3 m3
ng theo yu cu bi,vy Q 17.3 =1763.573
s h