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antikorufciuli aRzrda skolaSi
meToduri saxelmZRvanelo zogadsaganmanaTleblo

da umaRlesi saswavleblebisaTvis
mkiTxvelis sayuradRebod:
aRniSnul saxelmZRvaneloSi moyvanilia magaliTebi litvis respublikis

istoriidan, mxatvruli literaturidan, kanonebidan da kodeqsebidan. anti-
korufciuli ganaTlebis saswavlo programebSi (saskolo Tu sauniversite-
to) integrirebiT dainteresebul pedagogebs SeuZliaT gamoiyenon msgavsi
magaliTebi saqarTvelos istoriidan, mxatvruli literaturidan, kanone-
bidan da kodeqsebidan.
antikorufciuli
aRzrda skolaSi
meToduri saxelmZRvanelo
zogadsaganmanaTleblo da
umaRlesi saswavleblebisaTvis
asociacia `skola-ojaxi-sazogadoeba“
2007
proeqtis damfinanseblebi:
fondi `Ria daniis ganaTlebis gaerTianebuli litvis

sazogadoeba – samefos gardaqmnis erebis respublikis
litva~ saelCo fondi ganviTarebis mTavroba
litvaSi programa
litvis resp. litvis resp. Transparency

specialuri ganaTlebisa International-is
sagamoZiebo da litvis
samsaxuri mecnierebis ganyofileba
saministro
ydis dizaini: alvidas ladiga

maketi: rokas galaJusi
ydaze – me-9 klaseli moswavlis, odeta patraviCutes, naxati
mTargmneli: manana xuciSvili

redaqtori: rusudan papava
daibeWda Sps `petitSi~
© litvis respublikis ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis saministro, 2006

© Tanamedrove didaqtikis centri, 2006
sarCevi
Sesavali 7
antikorufciuli aRzrdis
SesaZleblobebi skolaSi
winasityvaoba 11
mokled korufciis Sesaxeb 13

ra aris korufcia? 13
korufciis formebi 13
argumentebi korufciis `sasargeblod~ da `sawinaaRmdegod~ 15
riT aris gamowveuli korufcia? 16
antikorufciuli strategia 17
antikorufciuli aRzrdis saSualebebi skolaSi 18
antikorofciuli aRzrdis kursis ZiriTadi cnebebi 20
skolaSi antikorufciuli aRzrdis Sinaarsi 23

konteqstualuri da viwro midgomebi 23
antikorufciuli aRzrdis ZiriTadi Temebi 23
antikorufciuli aRzrdis integrirebuli programa 24
integrirebuli programis danergvis magaliTi 25
skolaSi antikorufciuli aRzrdis didaqtikuri rCevebi 29

informireba 29
damokidebulebebis Camoyalibeba 29
damokidebulebebis Secvla 30
moraluri da konvencionaluri perspeqtiva 31
antikorufciuli aRzrdis individualuri programis momzadeba 34
sxvadasxva saganSi antikorufciuli aRzrdis programis

danergvis magaliTebi 36
istoria 36
samoqalaqo aRzrda, politologia 52
eTika, fsiqologia, religia 73
danarTi 95
rogor SeiZleba kritikuli azrovnebis ganviTarebis sqemis
mixedviT teqstebze muSaoba 95
korufciis fenomeni msoflioSi da litvaSi 98
eTikis kodeqsebi 101
korufciis kvleva umaRles saswavleblebSi
winasityvaoba 121
korufciis fenomeni 123

iolanta piliponite
korufciis taqsonomia umaRlesi ganaTlebis sistemaSi 146
natalia rumianceva
antikorufciuli aRzrdis integrireba saswavlo programebSi

korufcia deviaciuri sociologiis TvalsazrisiT 161
deviaciuri sociologiis kursis moduli
arunas poviliunasi
korufcia, rogorc deviaciis forma 175
socialuri organizaciis kursis moduli
tadas tamoSunasi
korufcia, rogorc samarTlis obieqti 177
samewarmeo (komerciuli) samarTlis kursis moduli
vitalia skeruvene
korufcia da samarTali 205
samarTlis safuZvlebis kursis moduli
gintare Satene
samewarmeo eTikis aspeqtebi 219
gintare Satene
kerZo interesebi da warmomadgenloba 222
uwyveti ganaTlebis strategiis kursis moduli
vaiva zuzaviCute
korufciaze, rogorc eTikuri kodeqsis problemaze, msjeloba 227
profesiuli eTikis kursis leqcia
romas prakapasi
arCeviTi kursis modulebi

korufcia da misi prevencia 231
tadas tamoSunasi
ZiriTadi cnebebis leqsikoni 237
gamoyenebuli literatura 239

Sesavali
es wigni ori nawilisagan Sedgeba, romelic Seiqmna da gamoica litvur ena-

ze 2005 wels. meToduri saxelmZRvanelo gankuTvnilia zogadsaganmanaTleb-
lo skolebisa da umaRlesi saswavleblebis maswavlebelTaTvis.
saxelmZRvanelos pirveli nawili – àntikorufciuli aRzrda zogadsa-
ganmanaTleblo skolaSi: meToduri daxmareba” – im pedagogebisaTvisaa, ro-
melTac survili aqvT da SeuZliaT antikorufciuli aRzrdis sakuTar sag-
nobriv programaSi integrireba. amisaTvis SesaniSnavad gamodgeba istori-
is, samoqalaqo ganaTlebis, eTikisa da religiis gakveTilebi. aseve SesaZ-
lebelia Sesabamisi Temebis/sakiTxebis gamoyeneba literaturisa da enis gak-
veTilebze. wignis pirvel nawilSi maswavleblebi miiReben rekomendaciebs
da miniSnebebs, Tu rogor SeiZleba amis gakeTeba gakveTilze, damatebiTi sa-
aTis gamoyofis gareSe, ukve arsebuli programebis, saxelmZRvaneloebisa
da meToduri masalebis gamoyenebiT.
meore nawili – `korufciis kvleva umaRles saswavlebleebSi: Sexedule-
bebi, problemebi, gadaWris gzebi~ – gankuTvnilia umaRlesi saswavleblis
maswavlebelTaTvis, romelTa saswavlo programebi metad iZleva studen-
tebSi korufciaze garkveuli warmodgenebis Seqmnisa da antkorufciuli ga-
naTlebis saSualebas. aseve, xels uwyobs sazogadoebrivad da moqalaqeob-
rivad aqtiuri pirovnebis Camoyalibebas. am nawilSi mocemulia, Tu rogor
SeiZleba antikorufciuli ganaTlebis integrireba saswavlo modulebsa da
programebSi. aseve, rogor SeiZleba ganviTardes antikorufciuli ganaT-
lebis programa damoukideblad.
am wignSi warmodgenilia Teoriuli masala, romelic mkiTxvels daexma-
reba sakvanZo sakiTxebisa da ganxiluli Temebis ukeTesad garkvevaSi. wig-
nSi aseve moyvanilia Catarebuli kvlevebis masalebi, damatebiTi wyaroebi
da damxmare literatura.
wigni Seqmnilia praqtikosi pedagogebis mier. masSi moyvanili yvela ma-
galiTi aprobirebulia saklaso oTaxebsa Tu auditoriebSi.
wigni ramdenime enaze iTargmna.
wignis Targmani ganapiroba ucxoeli partniorebis mxirdan didma inte-
resma antkorufciuli aRzrdisa da litveli kolegebis gamocdilebisadmi
am sferoSi.
wignis avtorebi madlobas uxdian damfinanseblebs – gaerTianebuli ere-
bis organizaciis ganviTarebis programas litvaSi, litvis respublikis spe-
cialuri mokvlevis samsaxurs, Ria sazogadoebis institutis programas RE:
FINE , yvelas vinc garkveuli wvlili Seitana am wignis momzadebasa da gamo-
cemaSi.
vimedovnebT, rom sxva qveynis pedagogebi am wignSi moiZieben sasargeblo
ideebsa da magaliTebs, romlebic daexmarebaT praqtikaSi da xels Seuwyobs
antikorufciuli aRzrdis gafarToebas maT qveynebSi.
daiva penkauskine
antikorufciuli
aRzrda
zogadsaganmanaTleblo
skolaSi
meToduri saxelmZRvanelo
aRniSnuli meToduri saxelmZRvanelo Seiqmna proeqtis
`ganaTleba korufciis winaaRmdeg~ (2002-2003w.w.) da
àntikorufciuli aRzrdis programis SemuSavebisa da gavcelebis programis~
masalebis safuZvelze.
proeqtis konsultantebi:
arne nilseni, PLS Ramboll Management, dania
evaldas bakonisi, ganaTlebis ganviTarebis centri
doqtori vaiva vaicekauskine, ganaTlebis ganviTarebis centri
arturas paluSisi, litvis specialuri gamoZiebis samsaxuri
aida martinkene, litvis specialuri gamoZiebis samsaxuri
ramune paukStene, litvis specialuri gamoZiebis samsaxuri
meToduri masalebis Semdgenlebi:

evaldas bakonisi, ganaTlebis ganviTarebis centri
doqtori vaiva vaicekauskine, ganaTlebis ganviTarebis centri
daiva penkauskine, Tanamedrove didaqtikis centri
11
winasityvaoba
risTvis Seiqmna aRniSnuli meToduri saxelmZRvanelo?
winamdebare saxelmZRvanelo Seiqmna proeqtebis `ganaTleba korufciis

winaaRmdeg“ da àntikorufciuli aRzrdis programebis srulyofa da gav-
rceleba~ farglebSi SemuSavebuli masalebis safuZvelze. aRniSnuli pro-
eqtebi warmoadgens litvis respublikis krufciasTan brZolis nacionalu-
ri programis nawils, romlis ganxorcielebac dagegmili iyo 2000-2006 wleb-
Si. litvis respublikis seimma (parlamenti) daavaldebula mTavroba speci-
aluri gamoZiebis samsaxurTan erTad korufciasTan brZolis nacionaluri
programa aqtiurad aemoqmedebinaT (2002w.).
programis ganxorcielebaSi aqtiuradaa CarTuli litvis respublikis
araerTi saministro, aseve danaSaulebaTa prevenciis centri da PHARE eq-
spertebi. programis ZiriTadi mizania – sazogadoebis ganaTleba, koruf-
ciis prevenciisa da antikorufciuli saqmianobebis Sesaxeb informaciis gav-
rceleba.
postkomunistur sivrceSi korufcia ufro aqtualuri problemaa, vid-
re dasavleTis sxva qveynebSi. komunisturi sistemebi korufcias eyrdno-
bodnen, rogorc konsolidirebul Zalas, xolo kleptokratia da klientiz-
mi Cveulebriv normad aRiqmeboda. xsenebuli qmedebebi da azrovnebis ste-
reotipebi xels uSlis jansaR konkurenciaze dafuZnebul kerZo seqtoris
ganviTarebasa da demokratiuli saxelmwifos Seqmnas. korufciuli danaSa-
ulis specifikis da sirTulis gaTvaliswinebiT 1997 wlis Semodgomaze lit-
vaSi Seiqmna korufciasTan brZolis specialuri organo – `specialuri ga-
moZiebis samsaxuri~ (s.g.s.).
litvis respublikis seimis mier damtkicebuli koruciasTan brZolis na-
cionaluri programis miznebi mxolod danaSaulis gamovleniT ar Semoifar-
gleba, aramed igi mimarTulia korufciis prevenciasa da sazogadoebis
informirebaze. programa erT-erT mniSvnelovan amocanad isaxavs: ìyvnen
korufciuli gamovlinebebis mimarT ukompromisoni; am mizniT mWidrod iTa-
namSromlon arasamTavrobo organizaciebTan da masobrivi informaciis sa-
SualebebTan; ganaTlebis sistemaSi Seqmnan da danergon specialuri sasa-
wavlo programebi~. programis cxovrebiseul/yoveldRiur praqtikaSi da-
nergvisa da gatarebis mizniT daigegma antikorufciuli aRzrdisaTvis me-
Toduri rekomendaciebis momzadeba.
litvis respublikis seimis mier miRebuli kanonis me-10 muxli (`kanoni
korufciis prevenciis Sesaxeb, 2002) iTvaliswinebs zogadsaganamanaTleb-
lo skolebis aqtiur monawileobas antikorufciul aRzrdaSi:
`1. sazogadoebis antikorufciuli aRzrda ganaTlebis sistemis ganuyo-
feli nawilia. litvis saxelmwifo xels uwyobs sazogadoebaSi moqa-
laqeobrivi cnobierebis Camoyalibebas, uflebebisa da movaleobebis
gacnobierebas da sazogadoebis winaSe pasuxismgeblobis aRebas yovel-
dRiur cxovrebaSi korufciis prevenciis mizniT.
12 antikorufciuli aRzrda skolaSi
`2. sazogadoiebis antikorufciuli aRzrda xorcieldeba yvela donisa

da tipis saganmanaTleblo dawesebulebaSi specialuri saganmanaTleb-
lo programebis, masiuri informaciis saSualebebis meSveobiT da ase-
ve sxva xerxebiT.~
meToduri masalebis momzadebaSi aqtiur monawileobas iRebdnen saxel-
mwifo saganmanaTleblo skolebi. proeqtSi skolebis SesarCev sakonkurso
ganacxads 70-ze meti skola gamoexmaura, maT Soris 11 skolidan sainiciati-
vo jgufebi dakompleqtda, romelTa SemadgenlobaSi Sediodnen fsiqolo-
giis, eTikis, istoriis, politologiis da samoqalaqo aRzrdis maswavleb-
lebi. treningis monawileebi antikorufciul Tematikebs gakveTilebze da
aRmzrdelobiT saqmianobaSic aqtiurad iyenebdnen. 2004 wels seminarebi Ca-
tarda im maswavleblebisTvis, vinc proeqtSi ar monawileobda maTi kvali-
fikaciis amaRlebis mizniT.
rogor SeiZleba gamoviyenoT aRniSnuli

meToduri saxelmZRvanelo?
saxelmZRvanelos Seqmqmnelebi imedovneben, rom gamocema daexmareba im

maswavleblebs, romelTac survili aqvT monawileoba miiRon korufciis
prevenciaze mimarTul saganmanaTleblo saqmianobebSi, miiRon meti codna
Tavad `korufciis~ ganmartebis Sesaxeb, gaecnon rogor SeiZleba antiko-
rufciuli aRzrdis integrireba saswavlo programebsa Tu klasgareSe Ro-
nisZiebebSi, ufro aqtiurad da damajereblad gamoxaton sakuTari moqala-
qeobrivi pozicia. wignSi mocemuli praqtikuli, samodelo gakveTilebi da
klasgareSe RonisZiebebi daexmareba ukeT gaigon da gaiazron antikoruf-
ciuli aRzrdis Sinaarsi da meTodebis gamoyenebis SesaZlebloba.
damatebiTi informaciis miRebis msurvelebs saSualeba eZlevaT sxva ma-
salebi, miTiTebebi, Tu wyaroebi internet-gevrdze moiZion. kvalifikaciis
asamaRlebeli programiT àntikorufciuli aRzrdis SesaZleblobebi zo-
gadsaganmanaTleblo skolaSi~ dainteresebul pirebs SeuZliaT mimarTon
Tanamedrove didaqtikis centrs, misamarTze: vilniusi, studentus quCa 39-
401, LT-08106; tel/faqsi (8-5) 275 14 10 an eleqtronuli fostiT daiva.dc@vpu.lt;
veb-gverdi: http://www.vpu.lt/sdc.
saqarTveloSi mimarTeT asociacias `skola – ojaxi – sazogadoeba~ misa-

marTze: sairmis q. #40; tel/faqsi: 36 28 83; el-fosta: editor@sfsa.org.ge; veb-
gverdi: www.sfsa.org.ge
13
mokled korufciis Sesaxeb

korufciaze bevrs saubroben, Tumca yvelaferi is, rac sazogadoebrivi
azriT da masobrivi informaciis saSualebebiT gamoixateba, korufcias ar
warmoadgens. meore mxriv, korufcia yovelTvis ar miiCneva, rogorc mar-
TlsawinaaRmdego, danaSaulebrivi qmedeba. amis garda, zogjer zedapiru-
lad da viwrod aris gagebuli korufciis gamomwvevi mizezebi, pirobebi, Se-
degebi da masTan brZolis SesaZleblobebi. amitomac, iqamde, sanam maswav-
lebeli antikorufciuli aRzrdiT dakavdeba, kargad unda gaarkvios ko-
rufciis, rogorc movlenis, arsi.
ra aris korufcia?
odesRac, sityva `korufcia~ moralurad dacemas da garyvnilebas niSnav-
da. axla is Semdegnairad aixsneba: sazogadoebrivi Zalauflebis borotad
gamoyeneba piradi sargeblis miRebis mizniT. litvis respublikaSi koruf-
ciasTan brZolis nacionaluri programis mixedviTkorufciad iTvleba `sa-
xelmwifo mosamsaxuris, an masTan gaTanabrebuli piris nebismieri qmedeba,
romelic ar Seesabameba masze miniWebul uflebamosilebas an qcevis dadge-
nil standartebs; agreTve iseTi qmedebis xelSewyoba, rac pirad sargebels
moutans mas an sxva pirs da amave dros zians miayenebs pirad an saxelmwifo
interesebs.~
arsebobs korufciis rigi ganmartebebi, Tumca misi, rogorc movlenis,
gansazRvreba sistematurad zustdeba. amitom korufciis amocnoba SeiZleba
ufro martivi iyos, Tu daveyrdnobiT ara mis gansazRvrebebs, aramed niS-
nebsa da gamovlinebebs. sxvadasxva ganmartebis Sedarebisas Cans, rom koruf-
ciad miCneuli qmedeba, xSirad Semdegi komponentebiT xasiaTdeba:
1) piri, romelsac aqvs uflebamosileba (Zala-ufleba) miiRos sazoga-
doebisaTvis mniSvnelovani gadawyvetilebebi;
2) maregulirebeli normebi (kanonebi, principebi, kriteriumebi, proce-
durebi);
3) xelsayreli gadawyvetilebiT dainteresebuli piri an pirTa jgufi;
4) gadawyvetilebis mimRebsa da miRebuli gadawyvetilebiT dainterese-
bul pirs an pirTa jgufs Soris urTierTsasargeblo SeTanxmeba;
5) gadawyvetilebis miRebis dadgenili normebis darRveva, rac sazoga-
doebas zians ayenebs (Van Duyne P., 2001, gv 74-76).
sxva sityvebiT, korufcia warmoadgens gadawyvetilebebis yidvas an ga-
yidvas samarTlianobis darRveviT. samarTlianoba SeiZleba iyos rogorc
iuridiuli (rodesac irRveva dawerili norma), aseve moraluri (rodesac
qcevis konkretuli normebi ar aris damtkicebuli, magram aRiarebulia, rom
aseTi qmedeba usindisobaa).
zemoT moyvanili gansazRvrebebis Tanaxmad, korufciad iTvleba mxolod
saxelmwifo moxeleebisa da politikosebis mier `gayiduli~ gadawyvetile-
bebi da is SeiZleba iyos samsaxureobrivi an politikuri. Tumca, korufcia
Tavs iCens arasamTavrobo seqtorSic, rac igive danaSaulad unda CaiTva-
los, Tu sazogadoebrivi interesebi irRveva.
korufciis formebi
`gasayidma~ gadawyvetilebebma SeiZleba Zalian bevr rameze iqonios gav-

lena (momsaxurebis SeTavazebaze, nebarTvebis gacemaze, vizirebaze, wardgi-
nebis daCqarebasa da gacemaze; samuSaoze daniSvnaze, ufro maRal Tanamde-
bobaze gadayvanaze, kanonis miRebaze, sasjelis gauqmebaze, danaSaulis da-
farvaze, fuladi da sxva materialuri faseulobiT anazRaurebis daniSvna-
ze; dotaciaze; saxelmwifo SekveTaze, saidumlo informaciis gacemaze; ga-
dasaxadebis dafarvaze da sxva), risTvisac `madlobis~ gadaxdis uamravi
forma moiZebneba. amgvarad, korufciis mravali forma arsebobs da maTi
klasificireba rTulia. amas arTulebs isic, rom sxvadasxva saxelmwifoSi
korufciul garigebad gansxvavebuli qmedebebia miCneuli (gamonaklisad Se-
iZleba CaiTvalos mxolod meqrTameoba). sxvadasxva saxelmwifoTa kanon-
mdeblobis mixedviT korufciul danaSaulad aRiarebulia:
1) qrTamis moTxovna, miReba da gacema;
2) saxelmwifo qonebis dataceba, uyairaToba;
3) saxelmwifo, konfidencialuri informaciis ukanonod gamoyeneba;
4) Tanamdebobis borotad gamoyeneba piradi sargeblis miRebis mizniT;
5) arCevnebSi ukanonod Careva, gaylbeba;
6) saxelmwifo moxeleebze aRZruli Ziebis SecdomaSi Seyvana cru infor-
maciis gavrcelebis an miwodebis gziT;
7) aralegaluri gamdidreba;
8) tenderebSi ukanono Careva;
9) im pirebis dasja, romlebic saxelmwifo moxelis ukanono qmedebebs
amxelen;
10) Tanamdebobrivi movaleobebis Seusrulebloba;
11) saxelmwifo uwyebisaTvis zianis miyeneba (Grosse T.G., 2000).
p. van duini Seecada korufciuli gamovlinebebis klasificireba moex-

dina da SemogvTavaza sistema (Van Duyenene P., 2001, gv 76), romlis Tanaxmadac
korufcia SesaZlebelia arsebobdes sam sazogadoebriv saqtorSi – saxel-
mwifo, kerZo da politikurSi da aseve maT Soris:
saxelmwifo politikuri
kerZo saqtori
seqtori seqtori
saxelmwifo seqtori X X X
kerZo saqtori X X
politikuri seqtori X
warmodgenili klasifikaciis safuZvelze SeiZleba gamoiyos korufciu-

li danaSaulis 6 jgufi. danaSaulis erTi da igive forma (magaliTad qrTa-
mis micema an aReba), SesaZlebelia TiToeul warmodgenil seqtorSi arse-
bobdes.
antikorufciuli aRzrda zogadsaganmanaTleblo skolaSi 15
argumentebi korufciis `sasargeblod~ da `sawinaaRmdegod~

korufciis Sedegebis sistemuri kvleva arc ise didi xnis win daiwyo. zo-
gierTi ekonomisti da politikosi odesRac amtkicebda, rom korufcia mom-
gebiania, radgan:
• aCqarebs gadawyvetilebis miRebas, àmoZravebs Seferxebul saxelmwi-
fo manqanas~, riTac xels uwyobs ekonomikis zrdas;
• zogavs dros, xolo radganac `dro – fulia~, zogavs fulsac;
• Tavisufali bazris konkurenciis principebi saxelmwifo dakveTebis
sferoSi gadmoaqvs, ramdenadac SekveTis miRebisaTvis gaRebuli qrTa-
mi pirdapir ukavSirdeba firmis simZlavres;
• saxelmwifo moxeleebis dabali xelfasebis konpensacias axdens, amri-
gad zogavs saxelmwifo biujetis saxsrebs.
korufciis donisa da gamovlinebebis Sesaxeb sxvadasxva qveyanaSi Cata-
rebulma kvlevebma aCvenes, rom misi zemoqmedebiT gamowveuli Sedegebi ara-
erT sferoze axdenen uaryofiT gavlenas.
gavlena ekonomikaze:
• korumpirebul saxelmwifoebSi mewarmeebs uxdebad garkveuli Tanxe-
bis qrTamad gaReba, rac amcirebs investiciebs da erovnul produqts;
• korufcia zRudavs Tavisufal konkurencias, ris Sedegadac gansakuT-
rebiT zaraldebian mcire mewarmeebi;
• konkurenciis SemcirebiT uaresdeba produqtis xarisxi da momsaxu-
reba;
• saxelmwifo biujetSi mcirdeba gadasaxadebis Setana da SeiniSneba
`Crdilovani~ ekonomikis zrda;
• korufciisadmi tolerantuli midgomisas saxelmwifo moxeleebs rCe-
baT dabali xelfasebi, Tumca biujetidan am gziT dazogili Tanxebis
Sevseba moqalaqeTa jibidan gaRebuli qrTamebis saxiT xdeba;
• iklebs ucxoeli ivnestorebis ndoba saxelmwifosadmi da mcirdeba
maTi wvlili qveynis ekonomikis zrdaSi.
gavlena saxelmwifo marTvaze:

• mcirdeba investiciebi da saxelmwifo dakveTiT Sesrulebuli samuSa-
oebis efeqturoba;
• icvleba saxelmwifo moRvaweobis sferoebi da xarjebis struqtura:
korumpirebuli moxeleebi upiratesobas aniWeben da `wina planze~ we-
ven iseT proeqtebs, romlebic momavalSi garantirebulad did Semo-
savls moitans;
• korumpirebuli mTavroba SeboWili da sustia;
• moxeleTa egoizmi saxelmwifo strategiul azrovnebaze maRla dgas,
rac qveyanas ekonomikuri da socialuri problemebis winaSe ayenebs;
• uaresdeba socialuri momsaxurebis xarisxi.
socialur-politikuri Sedegebi:
• ar endobian ra korumpirebul politikosebsa da Tanamdebobis pirebs,
moqalaqeebi undoblobas ucxadeben xelisuflebas;
• mcirdeba sazogadoebriv aqtivobebSi monawileoba, demokratiul
organoebSi muSaobis interesi;
• klebulobs politikuri konkurencia, matulobs avtokratuli ideologia;

• izrdeba socialuri daZabuloba, mcirdeba politikuri stabiluroba;
riT aris gamowveuli korufcia?

korufciis ZiriTadi mizezi admianebis angarebaa. amitomac is ar SeiZle-
ba CaiTvalos politikuri an gansakuTrebuli qcevis formad: yvela admiani
zrunavs sakuTar Tavze. korufciaSi CarTvis survili Cndeba maSin, rode-
sac piradi keTildReoba ufro mniSvnelovani xdeba, vidre sazogadoebis ke-
TildReoba, an roca am ukanasknel cnebas saerTod iviwyeben. swored am dros
iwyeben politikosebi da saxelmwifo moxeleebi dakavebuli Tanamdebobe-
bis sakuTari keTildReobisaTvis gamoyenebas. amis Semxedvare axalgazrdoba
saxelmwifo samsaxurs miiCnevs, rogorc cxovrebis mowyobis mosaxerxebel
da mimzidvel saSualebas. sazogadoeba uaryofiTad afasebs korufcias,
Tumca es pozicia orazrovani xasiaTisaa: ufro did aRSfoTebas iwvevs vi-
Racis gamdidreba, vidre Tavad korufciis faqti.
miuxedavad adamianuri bunebis erTgvarovnebisa, sxvadasxva sazogadoe-
baSi korufciis done gansxvavebulia. korufciis done SeiZleba ukavSir-
debodes sazogadoebriv kulturas, mentalitets da trdiciebs. magali-
Tad, protestantur sazogadoebaSi korufcia borotebad aRiqmeba, radgan
maTi eTikiT sazogadoebrivi da individualuri faseulobebi mkveTrad ga-
mijnulia. cxovrebis wesisa da azrovnebis Secvla ufro rTulia iseT sazo-
gadoebaSi, sadac korufcia TiTqmis dakanonebuli iyo, magaliTad klien-
tizmi, rogorc komunisturi sistemis makonsolidirebeli Zala. korufcia
advilad ikidebs fexs dabali ganviTarebis donis sazogadoebaSi da moqa-
laqeTa arajansaR azrovnebaSi.
korufciam SeiZleba mTeli rigi socialuri da ekonomikuri faqtore-
biT isazrdoos: susti ekonomika, samuSao adgilebis ukmarisoba, saxelmwi-
fo biujetis araefeqturi xarjva, sxva, ufro Zlieri, saxelmwifoebisa da
korporaciebis Careva. saxelmwifo moxeleebis demoralizeba SesaZloa ga-
moiwvios dabalma xelfasebma, karierulma zrdam, rac ar aris dakavSirebu-
li muSaobis xarisxTan da produqtiulobasTan, xelmZRvanelTa da Tanam-
SromelTa Soris qveSevrdomulma damokidebulebam, aseve organizaciaSi na-
Teli miznebis ararsebobam. aseTi urTierTobebi gamowveulia menejmentis
dabali xarisxiT, rasac safuZvlad udevs garantirebuli, grZelvadiani Ta-
namdeboba, erTpirovnuli mmarTvelobiT, kontrolisa da angariSvaldebu-
lebis dabali doniT, gadawyvetilebebis miRebis meqnizmebis ararsebobiT.
garda amisa, korufciuli qmedebebi matulobs maSin, roca Tanamdebobis piri
flobs gadametebul Zalauflebas da mis mier miRebuli gadawyvetilebebi
monopolizirebuli da gasaidumloebulia.
korufciis xarisxze moqmedebs agreTve samarTlebrivi sistemis srul-
yofileba. korufciis zrdas xels uwyobs gaurkveveli, winaaRmdegobrivi
da sistematurad cvalebadi kanonmdebloba, sasamarTlo sistemis dabali
done, mowmeTa dacvis programis ararseboba da sazogadoebis mxridan samar-
Taldamcavi organoebis mimarT undobloba. im qveynebSi, sadac saxelmwifo-
ebriobis, kanonmorCilebisa da demokratiis xangrZlivi tradiciebi arse-
bobs, korufciis done sagrZnoblad dabalia.
antikorufciuli strategia
bolo xanebSi, demokratiul qveynebSi izrdeba korufciis winaaRmdeg mi-
marTuli politikuri da sazogadoebrivi iniciativebis raodenoba. specia-
lurad korufciasTan brZolisaTvis Camoyalibda saerTaSoriso organiza-
cia Transparancy International, romelic ikvlevs korufciis dones sxvadasxva qve-
yanaSi, agreTve SeimuSavebs da popularizacias uwevs antikorufciul stan-
dartebs. antikorufciul qmedebebs mxars uWeren iseTi organizaciebi, ro-
gorebicaa: msoflio banki, saerTaSoriso savaluto fondi, evropis Tanam-
Sromlobisa da ekonomikuri ganviTarebis organizacia (OECD), evrokavSi-
ri, gaerTianebuli erebis organizacia. litvis respublikaSi korufcias-
Tan brZolis makoordinirebel ZiriTad organos warmoadgens specialuri
gamoZiebis samsaxuri (s.g.s.), romelic 1997 wels daarsda.
korufciis donis Semcireba rTuli da xangrZlivi procesia. korufcia
SeiZleba gamowveuli iyos urTierTdamokidebuli an damoukidebeli mize-
zebiT (cudi ekonomikuri politikiT, sazogadoebaSi informaciis naklebo-
biT, samoqalaqo sazogadoebis sisustiT, saxelmwifo organoebis mxridan
angariSvaldebulebis ukmarisobiT, qveynis tradiciebiT), korufciasTan
brZolis safuZvelSi gaTvaliswinebuli unda iyos sxvadasxva meqanizmebi.
cnobilia, rom korufcia sistemur danaSauls warmoadgens. miuxedavad ami-
sa, dRemde saCvenebeli sasamarTlo procesebiT isjebian mxolod `ganteve-
bis vacebi~, xolo sxvebi imave danaSaulisaTvis dausjelebi rCebian.
korufciis gamomwvevi mizezebis gaTvaliswinebiT, qveynis antikorufci-
ul strategiaSi SesaZloa garkveuli meqanizmebi aisaxos, magaliTad:
• saxelmwifo moxeleTa samsaxurSi miRebisa da karieruli zrdis mka-
fio kriteriumebis, procedurebis damtkiceba;
• sazogadoebisa da saxelmwifosaTvis mniSvnelovani gadawyvetilebe-
bis miRebis naTeli, gamWvirvale da miukerZoebeli procedurebis dad-
gena, romlebic orientirebulia moqalaqeTa keTildReobaze;
• partiuli da saxelmwifo Tanamdebobebis gamijvna. aekrZaloT TviT-
mmarTvelobis moxeleebs warmoadginon politikuri partiebi;
• aekrZaloT saxelmwifo moxeleebs komerciuli saqmianoba;
• politikuri partiebis Semosavlebisa da xarjvebis gamWvirvalobisa
da kanonierebis moTxovna;
• politikosebis Semosavlebis kontroli, saSemosavlo deklaraciebis
sajarooba;
• politikosebis mier miRebuli saCuqrebis registracia;
• sakanonmdeblo sistemis Sevseba saxelmwifo moxeleebisa da politi-
kosebis eTikis kodeqsebiT;
• kanonmdeblobaSi korufciuli faqtebis/qmedebebis mkafio, zusti gan-
sazRvrebis Setana, rac saxelmwifo moxeleebs ekrZalebaT;
• saxelmwifo moxeleebis mxridan gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovani gada-
wyvetilebebis erTpirovnulad miRebis akrZlava;
• sajaro Sesyidvebis da saxelmwifo privatizaciis proceduraTa daxvewa.
litvaSi korufciasTan brZolis meTodebi gaTvaliswinebulia `koruf-
ciasTan brZolis nacionaluri programiT~. sazogadoebaSi samoqalaqo cno-
bierebis amaRlebisaTvis, ganaTleba erT-erT mniSvnelovan samuSao mimar-
Tulebas warmoadgens.
18
antikorufciuli
aRzrdis saSualebebi
skolaSi
antikorufciuli aRzrda skolaSi SeiZleba formalurad an araformalu-

rad mimdinareobdes. formaluri gulisxmobs antikorufciuli aRzrdis ele-
mentebis CarTvas zogadsaganmanaTleblo-saskolo programaSi, araformalu-
ri – damatebiT ganaTlebaSi sxvadasxva saxis iniciativis mxardaWeras: samoqa-
laqo aqciebi, moswavleTa konferenciebi da sxva RonisZiebebi.
antikorufciuli aRzrdis ZiriTadi mizani samoqalaqo cnobierebis Ca-
moyalibebaa. aqedan gamomdinare, programis integrireba ufro efeqturia
socialur disciplinebSi: samoqalaqo ganaTleba, politologia, istoria,
eTika. radgan korufciis problematika iuridiuli, politikuri, istori-
uli da ekonomikuri mecnierebebis cnebebis gamoyenebiT ganixileba, misi kav-
Siri xsenebul sagnebTan gardauvalia.
antikorufciuli aRzrdis integrireba saskolo programebSi Sesabami-
si Tematuri konteqstis gareSe SeuZlebelia. magaliTad, korufciiT gamow-
veuli problemis gaazreba rTulia saxelmwifo samsaxurebis daniSnulebis
ganxilvis an saxelmwifo moxeleebis mimarT eTikuri da samarTlebrivi mo-
Txovnebis gaTvaliswinebis gareSe. Tu aRniSnuli sakiTxebi ar ganixileba
samoqalaqo aRzrdis, an politologiis gakveTilebze, antikorufciuli
aRzrdis integrireba saswavlo programebSi rTuldeba. meore mxriv, anti-
korufciuli aRzrda mxolod antikorufciul ganaTlebas ar gulisxmobs,
aramed informirebasac iTvaliswinebs. antikorufciuli stereotipis Ca-
mosayalibeblad, Rirebulebebisa da faseulobebis gansaxilvelad SesaZloa
uamravi Tema gamoviyenoT.
yovelTvis, rodesac saswavlo programaSi axali Temebis CarTvis idea
Cndeba, maswavleblebi SeSfoTebas gamoxataven isedac gadatvirTul prog-
ramebsa da drois ukmarisobasTan dakavSirebiT. Cveni wamowyeba, antikoruf-
ciuli aRzrdis integrireba saswavlo programebSi, gamonakliss ar warmo-
adgens. magram, Cven kargad viazrebT, rom ama Tu im sakiTxis integrireba
sxvadasxva saSualebiT aris SesaZlebeli. magaliTad, SesaZloa antikoruf-
ciuli aRzrdis problematika mkafiod Camoyalibdes da sxva Temebisgan
mkveTrad gaimijnos. am SemTxvevaSi unda SemuSavdes calke moduli, rome-
lic ramdenime gakveTilisgan Seiqmneba; aseve, SesaZlebelia korufciis
problematika ganixilebodes rogorc sxva Temebis Semadgeneli nawili. qve-
moT warmodgenilia ori magaliTi – integrirebuli modulisa da integri-
rebuli programis. mTavaria, rom antikorufciuli aRzrda winaaRmdegobaSi
ar modiodes sxva disciplinebTan.
antikorufciuli aRzrdis gansakuTrebuli problemaa – rogor avici-
loT Tavidan saSiSroeba, rom es programa ar gardaiqmnes SesaZlebeli ko-
rumpirebuli qcevis swavlebis kursad. amitom, antikorufciuli aRzrda
maswavleblebisagan fsiqologiur alRosa da meTodur ostatobas moiTxovs.
antikorufciuli aRzrdis mizania – im Rirebulebebisa da faseulobe-

bis damkvidreba, romlebic aucilebelia mozardebSi moqalaqeobrivi cno-
bierebisa da antikorufciuli stereotipis CamoyalibebisaTvis.
antrikorufciuli aRzrdis amocanebi:

1. korufciis, rogorc movlenis, gacnoba; misi arsis, mizezebisa da Se-
degibis gaanalizeba;
2. korufciasTan Seurigebloba;
3. korufciasTan brZolis SesaZleblobebis demonstrireba;
4. sakuTari wvlilis Setana erovnuli miznebis, saswavlo gegmisa da sag-
nis standartis SesrulebaSi:
• qveynis interesebis, tradiciebisa da Rirebulebebis mimarT saku-

Tari pasuxismgeblobis gaazreba. saskolo ganaTlebam unda ganu-
viTaros mozards unari, rom sworad gansazRvros sakuTari qvey-
nis saxelmwifoebrivi, kulturuli, ekonomikuri da politikuri
interesebi, da misces mas saikeTo gadawyvetilebaTa miRebisa da
aqtiuri moqmedebis SesaZlebloba.
• iyos Semoqmedi, Tavad Seqmnas Rirebulebebi da ar icxovros mxo-
lod arsebulis xarjze. saskolo ganaTlebam unda uzrunvelyos mo-
zardis im unarCvevebis ganviTareba, romlebic miscems mas saSua-
lebas, ukve arsebuli gamocdileba da miRwevebi gamoiyenos axali
materialuri, inteleqturaluri Tu sulieri Rirebulebebis Sesaq-
mnelad. saskolo ganaTlebam unda Camouyalibos mozards uwyveti
ganviTarebis, mTeli cxovrebis ganmavlobaSi axali codnisa da Cve-
vebis damoukideblad SeZenis unari, raTa SeZlos sakuTari SesaZ-
leblobebisa da sulieri midrekilebebis adekvaturad gansazRvra
da amis mixedviT sazogadoebriv cxovrebaSi sakuTari adgilis dam-
kvidreba.
mosalodneli Sedegebi – pirovnebis aRzrda, romelsac gaazrebuli aqvs

ra safrTxes uqmnis korufcia sazogadoebis keTildReobasa da saxelmwi-
fos mdgradobas; romelic ar urigdeba korufciis gamovlinebas, mondome-
bulia da mimarTulia mis aRmofxvraze.
20
antikorofciuli aRzrdis
kursis ZiriTadi cnebebi
korufcia – `saxelmwifo moxelis, an Tanamdebobis piris mier materialuri

an qonebrivi gamorCenis mizniT, pirdapiri an iribi sargebelis miReba an mo-
Txovna (saCuqris, momsaxurebis, privilegiis da sxva saxiT) TavisTvis, an sxva
pirisaTvis dakavebuli Tanamdebobis Sesabamisad raime moqmedebis Sesru-
lebis an Seusruleblobis sanacvlod. agreTve, saxelmwifo moxelis, an mas-
Tan gaTanabrebuli piris qmedeba, an umoqmedoba, romelic ganpirobebulia
sapasuxo sargeblis miRebis surviliT. saxelmwifo moxelisaTvis, an masTan
gaTanabrebuli pirisaTvis pirdapiri an iribi SeTavazebebis gakeTeba, pira-
di qonebrivi an sxva saxis gamorCenis mizniT (saCuqari, momsaxureba, dapi-
reba, privilegiis miniWeba) raime qmedebis Sesrulebis an Seusrulebis gamo;
aseve, zemoT aRniSnul qmedebebSi Suamavloba~
(litvis respublikis kanoni specialuri gamoZiebis samsaxuris Sesaxeb, 2000).
korufciis prevencia – korufciis gamomwvevi mizezebisa da xelsayreli

pirobebis gamovlena da aRmofxvra Sesabamisi zomebis SemuSavebiT da sis-
temuri danergviT. agreTve, pirovnebaze zegavlena korufciuli, danaSau-
lebrivi qmedebisadmi uaryofiTi damokidebulebis Camoyalibebis mizniT.
korufciuli xasiaTis danaSaulebrivi qmdeba – meqrTameoba, meqrTame-

oba Suamavlis daxmarebiT, mosyidva, sxva danaSaulebrivi qmedeba, romel-
sac adgili aqvs sazogadoebriv seqtorSi, TavisTvis an sxva pirebisaTvis
sargeblis miRebis mizniT: samsaxureobrivi mdgomareobis borotad gamo-
yeneba an uflebamosilebis gadaWarbeba, oficialuri uflebamosilebis bo-
rotad gamoyeneba, dokumentebis gayalbeba, TaRliToba, qonebis miTvise-
ba, an gaflangva, samsaxurebrivi an komerciuli saidumlos gacema – gamo-
aSkaraveba, mogebis, an Semosavlebze araswori monacemebis wardgena, kano-
nis darRveviT SeZenili uZravi an moZravi qonebis legalizeba, saxelmwi-
fo samsaxuris saqmianobaSi Careva, an sxva danaSaulebrivi qmedeba, rode-
sac cdiloben qrTamis gamoZalvas, mosyidvas, meqrTameobis faqtebis da-
malvas da SeniRbvas.
meqrTameoba – moxelis an masTan gaTanabrebuli piris mier pirdapir an ara-

pirdapir, fulis, fasiani qaRaldis, sxva qonebis, qonebrivi sargeblis an sxva
raime aramarTlzomieri upiratesobis miReba an moTxovna, aseve aseTis Ta-
obaze SeTavazebis an dapirebis miReba Tavis an sxva piris sasargeblod, raTa
am moxelem an masTan gaTanabrebulma pirma Tanamdebobrivi uflebamovale-
obebis Sesrulebisas qrTamis mimcemis an sxva piris sasargeblod ganaxor-
cielos raime qmedeba an Tavi Seikavos raime qmedebis ganxorcielebisagan
an gamoiyenos Tavisi Tanamdebobrivi avtoriteti analogiuri miznis misaR-
wevad, agreTve ganaxorcielos samsaxurebrivi mfarveloba.
didi odenobiT qrTamad iTvleba fulis, fasiani qaRaldis, sxva qonebis
an qonebrivi sargeblis saxiT Tanxa aTi aTasi laris zeviT, xolo gansakuT-
rebiT didi odenobiT qrTamad – Tanxa ocdaaTi aTasi laris zeviT. (saqar-
Tvelos 2006 wlis 25 ivlisis kanoni №3530 - ssm I, 2006w., №37, mux. 271. sis-
xlis samarTlis kodeqsi. muxli 338)
borotad gamoyeneba _ moxelis an masTan gaTanabrebuli piris mier samsa-

xurebrivi uflebamosilebis borotad gamoyeneba sajaro interesis sawina-
aRmdegod, TavisTvis an sxvisTvis raime gamorCenis an upiratesobis misaRe-
bad, ramac fizikuri an iuridiuli piris uflebis, sazogadoebis an saxel-
mwifos kanonieri interesis arsebiTi darRveva gamoiwvia (saqarTvelos 2006
wlis 25 ivlisis kanoni №3530 - ssm I, 2006w., №37, mux. 271. sisxslis samar-
Tlis kodeqsi)
samsaxureobrivi gulgriloba _ samsaxurebrivi gulgriloba, ese igi mo-

xelis an masTan gaTanabrebuli piris mier Tavisi samsaxurebrivi movaleo-
bis Seusrulebloba an arajerovnad Sesruleba misdami daudevari damoki-
debulebis gamo, ramac fizikuri an iuridiuli piris uflebis, sazogadoe-
bis an saxelmwifos kanonieri interesebis arsebiTi darRveva gamoiwvia (sa-
qarTvelos 2006 wlis 28 aprilis kanoni №2937 – ssm I, 2006 w., №14, mux. 90.
sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsi. muxli 342)
Tanamdebobis piri _ saxelmwifo Tanamdeboba aris saxelmwifo xelisuf-

lebis organos pirveladi struqturuli erTeuli, romelic gansazRvravs
moqalaqis adgilsa da socialur SromiT rols sajaro samsaxuris sistema-
Si, mis uflebebsa da masze dakisrebul movaleobebs. (saqarTvelos kanoni
sajaro samsaxuris Sesaxeb. gamoqveynebulia saqarTvelos parlamentis uwye-
bani 1997 - #45)
saxelmwifo moxele – moxele aris piri, romelic iniSneba an airCeva saxazi-

no dawesebulebis saStato (StatiT gaTvaliswinebul) Tanamdebobaze.
moxeleebi iyofian saxelmwifo moxeleebad da adgilobrivi TviTmmarTve-
lobis moxeleebad.
(saqarTvelos kanoni sajaro samsaxuris Sesaxeb. gamoqveynebulia saqar-
Tvelos parlamentis uwyebani 1997 - #45)
sajaro mosamsaxure _ sajaro mosamsaxure (Semdgom – mosamsaxure) aris

saqarTvelos moqalaqe, romelic am kanoniT dadgenili wesiT da dakavebu-
li Tanamdebobis Sesabamisad eweva anazRaurebad saqmianobas saxelmwifo an
adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis dawesebulebaSi.
(saqarTvelos kanoni sajaro samsaxuris Sesaxeb. gamoqveynebulia saqar-
Tvelos parlamentis uwyebani 1997 - #45)
antikorufciuli standartebi – qcevis da sakanonmdeblo normebis erTob-

lioba, korufciuli qcevis SezRudvis xelSewyoba.
sazogado interesebi – sazogadoebis daintereseba saxelmwifo moxele-

ebis mxridan samarTliani da miukerZoebeli gadawyvetilebis miRebaSi
(litvis respublikis kanoni kerZo da sazogado interesebis Tanxvedris
Sesaxeb, 1997).
kerZo interesebi – saxelmwifo samsaxuRSi myofi piris, an kandidatis qo-

nebrivi an araqonebrivi daintereseba (an misi naTesavis, an ojaxis wevris),
romelsac unari Seswevs gavlena iqonios samsaxurebrivi movaleobis Sesru-
lebisas miRebul gadawyvetilebaze. (litvis respublikis kanoni kerZo da
sazogado interesebis Tanxvedris Sesaxeb, 1997).
interesTa konfliqti – situacia, rodesac saxelmwifo moxele movaleo-

bis an davalebis Sesrulebisas iRebs iseT gadawyvetilebas, rac mis pirad
interesebs ukavSirdeba, an monawileobs amgvari gadawyvetilebis miRebis
procesSi, an asrulebs aseT davalebas. (litvis respublikis kanoni kerZo
da sazogado interesebis Tanxvedris Sesaxeb, 1997).
lobizmi – procesi, romlis msvlelobisas xdeba informaciis gacvla, orga-

nizacia, an misi nawili gadaecema xelisuflebaSi Tanamdebobis pirs, raTa
man gavlena iqonios gadawyvetilebis miRebaze mis sasargeblod.
klientizmi – urTierTobaTa sistema, romelic urTierTsargeblian val-

debulebebs efuZneba da sxva piris/pirebis (klientis) mfarvelobas gulis-
xmobs.
nepotizmi – naTesavebis, megobrebis, nacnobebis samuSaoze miReba/daniS-

vna konkursebis gverdis avlis gziT, riTac iqmneba qveSevrdomobis da `da-
valebuli~ kolegebis sistema. es damokidebuleba ki gamoiyeneba gadawyve-
tilebis miRebisas.
23
skolaSi antikorufciuli
aRzrdis Sinaarsi
konteqstualuri da viwro midgomebi
saskolo praqtikaSi antikorufciuli aRzrdis minimum ori meTodis ga-

moyeneba SeiZleba. pirveli meTodi gulisxmobs saskolo programaSi da fa-
kultatur saqmianobaSi antikorufciuli ganaTlebis damatebas. programaSi
Setanili Temebi korufciasTan pirdapir kavSirSi unda iyos. es SedarebiT
advilad saorganizebelia da did dros ar moiTxovs. Tumca, amas erTjera-
di aqciebisa da calkeuli CanarTebis saxe eqneba. meore meTodi gulisxmobs,
korufciis, rogorc movlenis da faseulobis gaanalizebas da arsebul sas-
kolo programaSi integrirebas. amiT yuradReba gamaxvildeba iseT aspeq-
tebze, rasac swavlebisas sakmaod cota dro eTmoboda.
antikorufciuli ganaTlebis pirveli meTodi ara marto organizebis
TvalsazrisiT aris martivi, aramed advilad kontrolirebadia: sakmarisia
Semowmdes yvela skolaSi da klasSi Catarda Tu ara antikorufciuli Ronis-
Ziebebi. meore xerxi socialuri aRzrdis meTods efuZneba, romelic ramde-
nime wlis manZilze unda grZeldebodes. is, vinc am meTods irCevs darwmune-
buli unda iyos, rom socialuri mecnierebis yvela pedagogs gacnobierebu-
li aqvs antikorufciuli ganaTlebis miznebi, Sinaarsi da SesaZleblobebi.
ra Tqma unda, SesaZlebelia mesame meTodis gamoyenebac – moswavleTa Car-
Tva sazogadoebriv antikorufciul moZraobebSi da sazogadoebriv saganma-
naTleblo programebSi. Tumca, es moZraobebi rTulad kontrolirebadia sko-
lis mier. amitom, es meTodi aRniSnul saxelmZRvaneloSi ganxiluli ar aris.
am gamocemaSi warmodgenilia ori programa, romlebic skolaSi antiko-
rufciuli aRzrdis orive SesaZlo meTods iTvaliswinebs – SemWidrovebuls
da masStaburs (integrireba). SemWidrovebuli programa Tavis TavSi moicavs
korufciis, rogorc movlenis gacnobas. masStabur programaSi miTiTebu-
lia, Tu ra tipis sakiTxebTan SeiZleba iyos dakavSirebuli antikorufciu-
li aRzrda da rogor SiZleba maTi ganawileba. garda amisa, Tan erTvis integ-
rirebuli programis ganxorcielebis gegma – am programasTan dakavSirebu-
li Temebis cxrili, romlebic sxvadasxva sagnisa da klasis saxelmZRvane-
loebSi gvxvdeba.
antikorufciuli aRzrdis ZiriTadi Temebi
korufciis cneba. gansazRvrebaTa mravalferovneba. kriteriumebi, ro-

melTa safuZvelzec korufciuli danaSauli sxva danaSaulebisagan gansxvav-
deba. korufciuli saxis danaSaulebis subieqtebi da formaTa nairsaxeoba.
korufciis Sedegebi. korufciis ekonomikuri, socialuri, politiku-

ri, samarTlebrivi da moraluri Sedegebi. xiluli da uxilavi ziani. koruf-
ciuli saxis danaSaulebis msxverpl(eb)i.
korufciis warmomavloba (genezisi). korufciis gavrceleba sazogadoe-

baSi, sxvadasxva epoqaSi, gansxvavebuli saxelmwifo
wyobisas. korufciis fsiqologiuri, kulturuli, socialur-ekonomikuri,
politikuri mizezebi. korufciis SesaZleblobebi demokratiul organiza-
ciebSi (politikuri partiebis moRvaweoba, arCevnebi, parlamenti, mTavro-
ba, sasamarTlo, TviTmmarTvelobebi). sajaro da kerZo interesebi.
korufciasTan brZolis SesaZleblobebi. samoqalaqo sazogadoebis roli

(TviTSefaseba, Seuwynarebloba, gacnobiereba). masobrivi informaciis saSua-
lebebis roli (sajarooba). samarTlebrivi bazis gaZliereba: kanonebi, eTikis
kodeqsebi, normatiuli aqtebi. korufciis mizezebTan brZolis sxvadasxva me-
Todebisa da xerxebis gamoyeneba/gaTvaliswineba strategiaSi da programebSi.
korufciasTan brZolis problemuri aspeqtebi. korufciis done litvaSi

(kvlevebis Sedegebi). kvlevebis, an masobrivi saSualebebiT gamoaSkaravebu-
li faqtebis gavlena sazogadoebis damokidebulebaze sakuTari mTavrobis
mimarT. `msxvili~ da `mcire~ dasjadi da aradasjadi danaSaulebi. koruf-
ciuli danaSaulebis gaxsnasTan dakavSirebuli sirTuleebi. korufciasTan
brZola – usasrulo brZola.
antikorufciuli aRzrdis integrirebuli programa
pirovneba da qceva
• sakuTari Tavis Sefaseba: rogori var da rogori minda viyo;
• pirovnuli faseulobebi da principebi;
• cxovrebis azris da miznebis gacnobiereba;
• Sinagani gavlenebi: magaliTebi, avtoritetebi, socialuri rolebi;
• kargisa da cudis, swori da araswori qcevis kriteriumebi;
• arCevani da gadawyvetileba, mizezebi da Sedegebi;
• pasuxismgebloba.
qcevis maregulirebeli normebi

• moraluri normis gacnobiereba, moraluri sikeTe da boroteba;
• morali da sazogadoebrivi normebi (konvencia);
• Cvevebi, Cveulebebi da tradiciebi, rogorc socialuri normebi;
• kanonieri da ukanono qmedeba;
• moralisa da kanonmdeblobis urTierTkavSiri;
• kanonmdeblobis srulyofis problema;
• socialuri regulirebisa da pirovnebis Tavisuflebis normebis urTi-
erTkavSiri.
samarTlianoba
• samarTlianoba, rogorc Rirseba;
• adamianis uflebebi, Tanasworoba da mukerZoebloba;
• socialuri samarTlianoba;
• samarTlianoba, rogorc kanonis Zala.
brali da danaSauli
• zianis miyeneba da wyena, rogorc moraluri danaSauli;
• danaSauli, rogorc kanonsawinaaRmdego qmedeba;
• danaSaulis mizezebi;
• dasja da sxva sanqciebi;
• dasjis maregulirebeli kanonebi (sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsi da sxva);
• samarTlianobis aRdgena.
samoqalaqo sazogadoeba da saxelmwifo
• demokratiis principebi: monawileoba, delegireba da reprezentacia,
samxelisuflebianoba;
• saxelmwifo samsaxuri: valdebulebebi da uflebamosilebebi;
• saxelmwifo kontroli: angariSvaldebuleba, informaciis miwodebis
valdebuleba;
• masobrivi informaciis saSualebebi, rogorc meoTxe xelisufleba.
karieris dagegmva
• ra minda da ra SemiZlia;
• profesiis arCevis kriteriumebi;
• samuSaos arCevis kriteriumebi;
• samuSaoze miRebis kriteriumebi da procedurebi.
integrirebuli programis danergvis magaliTi
Tematuri fsiqologia eTika samoqalaqo istoria politologia

erTeuli aRzrda
pirovnuli pirovnebis vin xar Sen? keTilSobi- qarizmatuli

Tavisebu- maxasiaTebe- (Vkl) luri qceva pirovneba
rebebi li niSnebi raodenoba da (VIII kl) (XI kl)
(XIkl) erToblioba
(VIIIkl)
garemos socialuri qcevis ssrk da xiluli da

pirovneba da qceva
gavlena gamocdile- motivebi uZraobis uxilavi

qcevaze bis Teoria (VII-VIII kl) periodi Zalaufleba
(XIkl) me damokide- (XI kl)
buli var...
(VII kl)
piradi normebi da raimes qona da `qceva - sarkea, absolutiz-

damokide- stereotipe- gacema (VI kl) romelSic Cven mi safran-
bulebebi da bi (XI kl) sikeTis- Tavs vxedavT~ geTSi (VIII
qceva mqmneli da (VII kl) kl)
pirovnebis `Tandayoli-
nakli (V kl) li da SeZani-
me vfiqrob da li Tvisebebi~
virCev (VII kl) (X kl)

erTeuli aRzrda
sakuTar socialuri wesebi, kanoni
Tavze roli (XII kl) wesebi ... bavSvis
valdebule- (VII kl) uflebebis
pasuxismgebloba
bis aReba da dacvis

sxvaze Sesaxeb
dakisreba (VIII kl)
egoizmi da
altruizmi
sakuTari Ta- movaleoba Sen da
vis winaSe aRe- (VIII da XI-XII skolis
buli valde- kl) sazogadoeba
bulebebi (VIII kl)
moTxovni- moTxovnile- nomenkla-
lebebi da bebi da tura socia-
survilebi motivebi listur ba-
keTildReoba da bedniereba
nakSi (X kl)
kargi fasi da faseu- `kargi ssrk-Si
cxovrebis lobebi (VI kl) cxovrebis deficitis
da bednie- saerTo sike- koncefcia~ fenomeni
rebis Te (VI kl) (Tavisufali (X kl)
koncefcia keTildReo- diskusia, VIII
ba (VIII kl) da X kl)
sakuTreba
(VII kl)
cxovrebis
azri (X-XI kl)
miznebi da `mizani amar- politikuri
saSualebebi Tlebs saSua- doqtrinebi
lebas~ (VIII kl) (XI kl)
samarTlia- rogor vipo-
nobis voT samarTa-
moraluri li? (VI kl)
koncefcia kargi kanone-
bi (VII kl)
samarTlia-
noba (VII-X kl)
samarTlianoba
samarTliano- ufleba samarTleb-

bis uflebri- (VII kl) rivi baza
vi koncefcia (X kl)
kanonis kargi kanone- kanonebiTavis- Zala-ufleba

Zalaufle- bi (VI kl) Tavad ar muSa- (XI kl)
ba kanoni (IX kl) oben (VIII kl) legitimuro-
Zala-ufleba ba (XI kl)
(X kl)
danaSaulis danaSauli korufcia CauSeskusdiq-
koncefcia da sasjeli danaSaulia? tatura rumi-
(VI kl) (diskusia, neTSi (X kl)
X kl) holokosti
(X kl)

erTeuli aRzrda
pozitiuri
ufleba da Tavisufleba
da negatiu-
ri uflebebi
kanonis wina- adamianis safrangeTis
Se Tanaswo- uflebebi didi revo-
roba (VIII da X kl) lucia (VIII kl)
uflebebis bavSvTa ufle- vin icavs mesame qveyne-
darRveva da bebi (V kl) Tqvens bis ganviTa-
dacva adamianis uf- uflebebs? rebis Tavise-
lebebi(VIII-IXkl) (VIII kl) burebebi
sazogado, politika: ide-
saerTo da alebi da inte-
sayovelTao resebi (X kl)
moqalaqeoba
kanonisadmi moqalaqe
pativiscema var (X kl)
SorsmWvre- orerovan
teloba da respublika-
pasuxis- Si reformis
mgebloba mcdeloba
(VIII da XI kl)
monawileo- demokratia romis arCevnebi (XI
ba skolaSi, ojax- respublika kl)
Si da sazoga- (VII da XI kl)
doebaSi (VII kl)
delegireba vin da rogor postkomunis- arCevnebi (XI
da repre- marTavs saxel- turi qveyne- kl)
zentacia mwifos? (X kl) bis proble-
matika (X kl)
sami saxel- ra aris aSS-s konsti-

mwifoebrivi demokratia? tucia da da-
Zalaufleba (VIII kl) moukideblo-
bis deklara-
demokratia
cia (VIII kl)
sajaro demokratia
samsaxuri. politikaSi
qcevis (X kl)
kodeqsi
gamWirva- masobrivi demokratiuli

loba, informaciis da diqtatoru-
informaci- saSualebebis li wyobisas, ma-
is miRebis rolidemokra- sobrivi infor-
ufleba tiul sazoga- maciis saSuale-
doebaSi (X kl) bebi (XI kl)
ndoba, ufro samar-

kontroli, Tliani sazo-
angariSval- gadoebis Seq-
debuleba mna (X kl)

erTeuli aRzrda
saxelmwifo saxelmwifo, interesebis Tanamedro- aRmasrulebe-

qoneba da rogorc SeTanxmeba ve saqar- li xelisuf-
misi marTva mizani da (X kl) Tvelos leba (XI kl)
saSualeba problemebi
(VIII kl) (X kl)
ekonomika
saxelmwifo absolutiz- biurokratia

regulire- mi safran- (XI kl)
ba, geTSi (VIII kl)
biurokra- ssrk uZrao-
tizmi bis period-
Si (X kl)
korufciis beWdvis interesebis

safasuri akrZalva jgufebi
(XI kl)
29
skolaSi antikorufciuli aRzrdis

didaqtikuri rCevebi
informireba
antikorufciuli moZraoba, emociuri TvalsazrisiT, Zlier angaJirebul
moZraobas warmoadgens. es cudi ar aris, Tumca zogjer emociebi movlene-
bis bundovan da zedapirul codnas efuZneba, romlis mimarTac protesti
gamoixateba. amitom, am protestis matarebels, arsebiTad, arafris Secvla
ar SeuZlia. amrigad, skolaSi antikorufciuli aRzrdis erT-erTi ZiriTa-
di amocana imaSi mdgomareobs, rom misces moswavleebs aucilebeli codna,
romelic maT daexmareba:
• amoicnon korufciuli qmedeba da ganasxvaon danaSaulis sxva saxeebi-
sagan;
• argumentirebulad imsjelon, ratom aris korufcia boroteba;
• SeZlon korufciis donis Semcirebis SesaZleblobebis demonstrireba.
antikorufciuli aRzrdisas swavlebis meTodebi ar aris gansxvavebuli.
am SemTxvevaSic gamoiyeneba iseTi strategiebi, rogorebicaa: leqcia, sxva-
dasxva wyarodan miRebuli informaciis analizi (statiebi, kvleviTi naSro-
mebi, istoriuli wyaroebi da sxva); diskusiebi; sxvadasxva adamianebTan Sex-
vedrebi da saubrebi (samarTldamcavi organoebis TanamSromlebi, mowmeebi,
politikosebi, saxelmwifo moxeleebi); kinoCveneba da sxva. miuxedavad amisa,
antikorufciul aRzrdas yovelTvis emuqreba safrTxe, rom Tu swavleba mxo-
lod informaciis miwodebis gziT moxdeba, es saSualebas miscems mozardebs
gaecnon korufciuli qcevis sxvadasxva saxes, Tu meTods. moswavleTa Tval-
Si gaufasurdeba is sazogadoeba da saxelmwifo, romelSic Cven vcxovrobT.
am safrTxis Tavidan acilebis mizniT moswavleebTan korufciaze saubrisas,
saWiroa zomiereba davicvaT, ar daviviwyoT, rom Cveni ZiriTadi amocana mdgo-
mareobs ara imaSi, rom rac SeiZleba bevri ram icodes korufciis Sesaxeb, ara-
med hqondes amgvari qmedebebis sworad Sefasebis unari.
damokidebulebebis Camoyalibeba
damokidebuleba mniSvnelovan dispozicias warmoadgens, im ganzraxviT,
rom ama Tu im movlenis Sefaseba garkveuli wesiT moxdes. damokidebuleba
dafuZnebulia aRqmaze, emociur reaqciebze, ganzraxvaze da qmedebaze (zim-
bardo P.G., Leipte M.R. 1991). magaliTad:
qmedeba ganzraxva
`me Cinovniks gadavuxade, `kidev unda `gamemaza~,
radgan ...~ damokidebuleba rom xmauri ar aetexa~
`korufciasTan
brZola sasaciloa da
kognacia uazrobaa, Tumca ...~ emociuri reaqciebi
`mudmivad unda vaZlio `simarTle rom vTqva, sa-
qrTami, rom yvelaferi mar- zizRrobaa, roca vinmes
tivad gadawydes. aseve unda unda `gaumazo~
moiqcnen Cemi axloblebic~
xuTive elementi erTmaneTTan urTierTkavSirSia da urTierTCanacvle-

badia. Cveni magaliTis SemTxvevaSi, emociuri reaqciebi disonansSi modian
Cveuli qcevis modelTan da kognaciasTan (gaazreba). amitom, prokorufci-
uli damokidebuleba kategoruli ar aris.
erTma Secvlilma elementma SeiZleba sxvac Secvalos. magaliTad: qcevam
SeiZleba Secvalos kognacia, emociuri reaqcia da damokidebuleba.
rodesac moswavleebs korufciis Sesaxeb esaubrebian, maswavleblebi cdi-
loben kognaciaze dayrdnobiT Camouyalibon damokidebulebebi. es rom Se-
saZlebeli gaxdes, moswavleebma unda:
1. gaigon da gaiazron miRebuli informacia. korufciisgan miyenebu-
li ziani, yvelaze xSirad mtkicdeba socialur-politikuri da ekono-
mikuri argumentebis moSveliebiT.
2. daimaxsovron. eWvgareSea, rom `gameoreba codnis dedaa~, magram erTi
sakiTxis samze metjer gameorebis SemTxvevaSi, adamians `danayrebis~
gancda uCndeba da misi Tavisufali arCevani safrTxis qveS dgeba. ami-
tom, mizanSewonilia informaciis miwodebis formebis xSiri cvla. Ta-
nac, miwodebuli informacia unda iyos rac SeiZleba moulodneli da
STambeWdavi formiT.
3. sakuTari Tavis darwmuneba. damokidebulebebi ufro myari da mtki-
cea, Tu isini Tavsmoxveuli ar aris, aramed maTi formireba moxda
intensiuri gansjisa da fiqris procesSi. gamodis, rom mxolod infor-
macia sakmarisi ar aris. amave dros, ar Rirs moswavleebs `davuReWoT~,
rogor unda Seafason movlenebi. bevrad ufro qmediTi saSualebaa, Ta-
vad moswavleebs mivandoT informaciis interpretacia, analizi, argu-
mentebis moZieba da Sejameba. es niSnavs, swavlebis aqtiuri meTodika
gamoviyenoT.
`TviTdarwmunebis efeqti~ bevrad ufro Sedegiani iqneba, Tu aqtiuri dis-

kusiebi Caiwera (daskvnebis, Tezisebis, rekomendaciebis da a.S. saxiT) da sa-
zogadoebaSi gavrceldeba. cnobilia, rom adamianebs yovelTvis sjeraT imi-
si, rasac mkacrad icaven. amitomac, antikorufciuli aRzrdisaTvis ar ga-
modgeba debatebi, rodesac erTi mxare iZulebulia daicvas prokorufciu-
li damokidebulebebi: adamianis mier formulirebuli argumentebi xan-
grZlivad rCeba mis mexsierebaSi. Tu mainc gadavwyvetT am Temaze debatebis
mowyobas, maprovocirebeli mxare, romelic korufcias daicavs, SeiZleba
Tavad maswavlebelma warmoadginos. Tumca, aseTi tipis debatebic ki eTi-
kur problemebs iwvevs (ris propagandas eweva maswavlebeli?).
damokidebulebebis Secvla
maswavleblebi, romlebic moswavleebSi garkveuli Rirebulebebis Camo-

yalibebas cdiloben, yovelTvis èjaxebian~ maTSi ukve formulirebul fa-
seulobebasa da stereotipebs, rac muSaobaSi xels uSliT. zogierT maTgans
uZlurebis grZnoba eufleba da am winaaRmdegobas emorCileba. sakuTar Za-
lebSi Tavdajerebuloba SeiZleba SesZinos Rirebulebebis cvlilebasTan
dakavSirebuli fsiqologiuri kanonzomierebebis codnam. sinamdvileSi,
ukve Camoyalibebuli stereotipi blokavs iseT informacias, romelic mas-

Tan winaaRmdegobaSi modis (magaliTad: ìsev es dausrulebeli layboba ko-
rufciis Sesaxeb~). msgavsi blokirebis Tavidan asacileblad saWiroa infor-
maciis gaufrTxileblad miwodeba (vTqvaT, winaswar ar SevatyobinoT gakve-
Tilis Tema da miznebi) da gakveTilze raime ùCveulo~ meTodis gamoyeneba
(rogoricaa: TamaSi -eqsperimenti, paradoqsuli itoria da a. S.).
damokidebulebebis Secvlis meore strategia faqtebs eyrdnoba. codna
da damokidebulebebi mexsierebaSi erTmaneTisagan gancalkevebulad ìna-
xeba~ da garkveuli dro aris saWiro maTi SeTanxmebisaTvis. amitom, proko-
rufciul damokidebuelbebze darwmunebis gziT zemoqmedebis moxdena ar
Rirs. isini droTa ganmavlobaSi TavisTavad icvlebian, Tu maswavlebeli
axerxebs moswavleebisaTvis korufciis madiskreditirebeli informaciis
logikuri da damajerebeli formiT miwodebas da am informaciis aqtiurad
gaazrebis provocirebas. e. w. `vadis gagrZelebis efeqtidan~ gamomdinare,
informaciis pirveladi Sefaseba SeiZleba arasando iyos, Tumca droTa gan-
mavlobaSi kognacia sZlevs emociur damokidebulebebs.
moraluri da konvencionaluri perspeqtiva
antikorufciuli aRzrda, TavisTavad, Rirebulebebisa da damokidebu-

lebebis formirebas gulisxmobs. am procesSi yovelTvis ver xerxdeba so-
cialuri regulirebis formebis – moralisa da konvenciis, mkafiod gamij-
vna, amitom argumentebi da interpretacia SeiZleba mcdari aRmoCndes.
moralur filosofiaSi CauRrmaveblad, SeiZleba martivad aixsnas, rom
calkeuli pirovnebis azris miuxedavad, moraluri TvalsazrisiT, karg
qcevad iTvleba is, rac `sikeTed~ aRiqmeba. aseTi qmedeba universalur ka-
tegorias miekuTvneba da yvelasaTvis aucileblobas warmoadgens. mora-
luri TvalTaxedviT, kargi an cudi saqcieli imis mixedviT ganisazRvre-
ba, Tu rogoria Sedegi: xom ar ayenebs aRniSnuli qmedeba sxva adamianebs
`tkivils~?, xom ar aris maTTvis zianis momtani an xom ar arRvevs samar-
Tlianobas (Tanasworobas, miukerZoeblobas)? garda amisa, moraluri Se-
xedulebiT, qcevis xarisxi SeiZleba intenciebis Tanaxmadac Sefasdes: qme-
deba gasakicxia, Tu misi Camdeni ganzrax cdilobda vinmesTvis zianis miye-
nebas (maSinac ki, rodesac am qmedebas uaryofiTi Sedegi ar mohyolia),
xolo gamarTlebulia, Tu am qmedebis Camdeni sikeTis gakeTebas cdilob-
da, Tundac es ar gamouvida.
konvencia Tavis TavSi aerTianebs normebs, romlebic konkretul sazo-
gadoebaSi da konkretul periodSi garkveul SeTanxmebebs efuZneba. amitom,
isini ar SeiZleba universalurad CaiTvalos da savaldebulo gaxdes sxva
sazogadoebis wevrebisTvisac. cxovrebaSi morali da konvencia SeiZleba
urTierTdakavSirebuli iyos: saerTo moraluri principebi konkretul
normebad gadaiqcevian (magaliTad: àr moiparo~, àr icruo~ an ìyavi yve-
las mimarT samarTliani~), xolo sazogadoebisaTvis Zalzed mniSvnelovani
konvenciis darRvevam (magaliTad: micvalebulTa dakrZalvis ceremoniali)
SeiZleba moralis rRvevac gamoiwvios, radgan am tradiciis moSla tkivils
ayenebs sxva admianebs. miuxedavad amisa, konceptualurad morali da sazo-
gadoebrivi SeTanxmeba (konvencia) iseT sferoebs warmoadgens, romlebic

logikis gansxvavebul formebs efuZneba.
antikorufciuli aRzrdis procesSi ar unda daviviwyoT es gansxvavebe-
bi, agreTve, konvencionalur da moralur Sexedulebebs Soris winaarmde-
gobebis arsebobis SesaZlebloba. konvencialuri SexedulebiT `daSvebulia
yvelaferi, rac akrZaluli ar aris~. moraluri SexedulebiT, qmedebis Se-
faseba xdeba imis miuxedavad, arsebobs Tu ara misi maregulirebeli norma.
moraluri perspeqtiva ufro mgrZnobiarea adamianisaTvis miyenebuli zia-
nis TvalsazrisiT, xolo konvencionaluri – SeTanxmebis, Tanmimdevrulo-
bis, wesrigis, avtoritetis darRRvevis mxriv. moraluri principebis dar-
Rveva bevrad ufro mwvave reaqcias iwvevs (risxvas, ukmayofilebas, mowyeni-
lobas, tkivils, danaSaulis, sircxvilis, TanagrZnobis gancdas), vidre kon-
venciis darRveva. adamiani, romelmac amoraluri saqcieli Caidina, patie-
bas iTxovs, cdilobs danaSaulis gamosyidvas, an Tavs icavs da am mizniT sa-
kuTar saqciels amarTlebs: xsnis, rom es qmedaba gauazreblad Caidina da
amiT sxvisTvis araviTari ziani ar miuyenebia, rom man mxolod samarTliani-
ba aRadgina, imdenad, ramdenadac samagiero gadauxada warsulSi miyenebu-
li wyenisaTvis da a.S. Tavad moraluri principebi an maTi makonkretizire-
beli normebi gansjas ar eqvemdebarebian. sazogadoebrivi SeTanxmebis (kon-
venciis) damrRvevi Tavs imiT imarTlebs, rom gmobs normasac da mis wyaro-
sac. normebis damrRvev bavSvebTan muSaobis meTodebic gansxvavdeba: mas,
vinc morals arRvevs, yvelaze xSirad sTxoven sakuTari Tavi sxvis adgilze
warmoidginos (im adamianis/bavSvis, romelsac awyenina). konvenciis dam-
rRvevs xSirad ubralod brals sdeben imaSi, rom is SeTaxmebas ar icavs. es
midgoma ar amarTlebs. am dros ar xdeba konkretuli situaciis gaTvalis-
wineba da pirovneba sxvebis mimarT upativcemulod iqceva. amrigad, adamia-
nebi intuiciurad arCeven erTmaneTisagan morals da konvencias.
antikorufciuli aRzrdisas argumentirebis saSualebebis SerCevaze did
ganvlenas axdens universaluri da aucilebeli moraluri konvenciebi (sa-
zogadoebrivi normebi), aseve maT darRvevebze gamoxatuli gansxvavebuli,
araerTgvarovani reaqciebi. samarTladmacav sferoSi korufciuli saxis da-
naSauli kanonis darRvevas gulisxmobs. maSin, rodesac sazogadoeba am qmde-
baSi, pirvel rigSi, moralis darRvevas xedavs. aseTi ram gansakuTrebiT da-
maxasiaTebelia bavSvebisa da mozardebisaTvis: isini gansakuTrebiT mgrZno-
biared reagireben wesebis darRvevaze, vidre ufrosebi da SedarebiT nak-
lebad aqceven yuradRebas (vidre ufrosebi) sazogadoebriv SeTanxmebebs
(konvenciebs). argumenti – `korufcia – borotebaa, imitom rom is arRvevs
kanons~ SeiZleba maT yuardRebis miRma darCes.
moraluri da konvencionaluri azrovneba bavSvebSi da mozardebSi asa-
kis matebasTan erTad viTardeba. Tumca, rogorc Cans, es procesebi parale-
lurad mimdinareoben, magram erTmaneTs ar emTxvevian. qvemoT mocemulia
cxrili, romelSic l. nucma (L. Nucci) da l. kolbergma (L. Kohlberg) moralis
ganviTarebis Teoriaze dayrdnobiT moraluri da konvencionaluri azrov-
nebis ganviTarebis procesebi gamoyves.
moraluri da konvencionaluri azrovnebis ganviTarebis doneebi

(Nucci L. P. 2001)
asaki moraluri are konvencionaluri are

5-7 wlis ZiriTadi valdebulebebis aRiareba konvenciebi gamohyavT arsebuli
(sxva ar gaanawyenos), mgram kargi an praqtikidan (qalebma unda ataron
swori qceva aRiqmeba egoisturad. kaba, mamakacebma – ara)
8-10 cneba: kargi, an swori qceva uTanab- empiriuli gziT xdeba konvenciis
wlis rdeba `samarTlian urTierTobebs~ uaryofiTi gageba (zogierTi qali
atarebs Sarvals, xolo Sotlandie-
lebi – qvedakabas). iTvleba, rom kon-
vencia aris Tavsmoxveuli (SeTanxme-
badi). mxolod normebis arseboba
aRar iTvleba sakmaris safuZvlad
imisaTvis, rom mas daemorCilon.
10-12 kargi, an swori qcevis gageba scde- xdeba imis gaazreba, rom socialu-
wlis ba `samarTlian urTierTobebs~ da ri wesebi uzRunvelyofen wesrigs.
uTanabrdeba specialur saWiroe- socialur avtoritetebad iTvle-
bebs, gansakuTrebul situaciebs da bian adamianebi, romlebic wesebs
damsaxurebas. adgenen.
12-14 samarTlianobisadmi, Tanasworobi- kovnecias miiCneven, mxolod ro-
wlis sadmi miswrafeba. gorc socialur molodins. es amci-
rebs normebis arsebobis aucileb-
lobas. qmedeba/saqcieli wesebisgan
damoukideblad fasdeba.
14-17 grZeldeba zemoT xsenebuli prin- xdeba socialuri struqturis si-
wlis cipebis dacva. temis gaazreba.
17-20 mozrdili adamianebis socialur negatiuri Sexeduleba yalibdeba
wlis azrovnebaze gadasvla (ix. qvemoT) imaze, rom yvelasaTvis savaldebu-
lo normebma unda uzrunvelyon so-
cialuri sistemebis Tanafardoba.
konvcencia – socialur standar-
tebs ar aRemateba; normebis sitema
SeTanxmebadia.
zrdas- samarTlianobisa da sikeTis cnebe- konvencia iTvleba standartad,

rulebi bi socialur sistemebze fiqrisas romelic sasargebloa socialuri
gamoiyeneba. urTierTqmedebis koordinaciisas.
Tu konvencionaluri azrovnebis ganviTarebis es modeli sinamdviles Se-

esabameba, maSin sxvadasxva asakis moswavleebisaTvis sxvadasxvagvarad aris
saWiro argumentirebuli mtkiceba imisa, rom korufcia borotebaa. 10-12
wlis bavSvi gaigebs, rom kanonebi krZalavs korufciul qcevas. 12-14 wlis
mozardi ver gaigebs socialuri an samarTlebrivi xasiaTis argumentebs, mis-
Tvis mniSvnelovania mxolod samarTlianobis principebi. 14-17 wlis mozar-
debs SeiZleba avuxsnaT, rom antikorufciuli standartebiT cxovreba yve-

la profesiis adamianisaTvis savaldebuloa, radgan igi icavs socialur sis-
temas. ufrosi asakis moswavleebi am mtkicebulebas SedarebiT skeptikurad
aRiqvamen, radgan isini normebs arsebul qcevis praqtikas ukavSireben.
umcrosklaselebTan SedarebiT, isini met yuradRebas aqceven gamokvlevis
Sedegebs, romelebic korufciis maRal dones adastureben, an imis mtkice-
bas, rom `qveyanaSi yvela korumpirebulia~. amitom, aseTi negatiuri infor-
maciis gacnobis Semdeg, aucilebelia pozitiuri magaliTebis moyvana:
vTqvaT, saxelmwifo moxeleebis eTikuri kodeqsi, gamWvirvale, sajaro pro-
cedurebis gacnoba, Tanasworobis da miukrZoeblobis principebi da a.S.
eWvgareSea, sxvadasxva asakis moswavleebTan muSaobisas mudmivad wamoiWre-
ba SekiTxva: ra aris korufcia – mxolod wesebis da SeTanxmebebis ugule-
belyofa, Tu moraluri ziani (boroteba)?
antikorufciuli aRzrdis individualuri

programis momzadeba
antikorufciuli ganaTleba – es ar aris vinmes mier Sedgenili wesebis
krebuli, Tu rogor unda moiqce. korufcia, iseve rogorc danaSaulebrivi
qmedeba, arCevanis sakiTxia. ufrosebis amocana imaSi mdgomareobs, rom mo-
zardebma arCevani gaakeTon imaze, rac sazogadoebis interesebSia. Cven unda
gavacnoT moswavleebs maTi uflebebi da movaleobebi. amas garda, moswav-
leebma unda iswavlon `ki~-s da àra~-s Tqma.
antikorufciuli aRzrdis individualuri programis Sedgenis proces-
Si gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovania dagegmvis sqemis gaTvaliswineba. igi gviC-
venebs, ra unda gavakeToT, ram SeiZleba iqonios gavlena programis Sinaar-
sze da danergvis formaze:
mizani
samizne jgufi
mosalodneli Sedegebi
miznis miRwevis gzebi da saSualebebi
Semowmebis wyaroebi
(sad da rogor movipovoT informacia?)
meTodologia
(ra meTodebiTa da xerxdebiT vawvdiT informacias?)
gavlena
(rogor SevafasoT miRweuli Sedegebi?)
bunebrivia, rom moswavleebi erTmaneTisagan Zalzed gansxvavdebian. pir-

vel rigSi, maT Soris asakobrivi sxvaobaa. sabazo klasis moswavleebSi erTi
tendencia SeiniSneba – isini interess gamoxataven ufrosi Taobis cxovre-
bis stilisadmi da baZaven maT. am asakSi ufro xSirad idgmeba pirveli nabi-
jebi ùfrosebis samyaroSi~: bavSvebi iwyeben sigaretis mowevas, alkoholis
miRebas da Cadian wvrilman danaSauls. amitom, Zalzed mniSvnelovania, rom
bavSvebs iqamde CamouyalibdeT sakuTari damokidebulebebi, sanam iseT si-
tuaciaSi aRmoCndebian, sadac arCevanis gakeTeba mouwevT.
ufrosklaselebisaTvis SeTavazebuli davalebebis magaliTebi:

• analizisaTvis damuSavdes masala skolaSi an adgilobrvi TemSi dana-
Saulebis xasiaTze da masStabebze;
• Segrovdes da damuSavdes kvlevis monacemebi, statistikuri masalebi;
• daigegmos da ganxorcieldes proeqti ufro dabali klasebis moswav-
leTaTvis;
• daigegmos proeqtis ganxorcielebis vadebi (RonisZiebebis Catarebis
konkretuli dReebi);
• Catardes kvleva, romel Rirebulebebs/faseulobebs aniWeben upira-
tesobas sxvadasxva asakobrivi jgufebi;
• momzaddes adgilobrivi tele an radio gadacema;
• moewyos suraTebis Ria gamofena.
• momzddes slaid-Sou `Tanamedrove axalgazrdoba da mimzidveli (mac-
dunebeli) SesaZleblobebi~;
• momzaddes video masala Temaze: `danaSauli. ra iqneba Semdeg?~;
• gadaixedos da gaanalizdes sasamarTlo sxdomis dros gadaRebuli ma-
salebi.
• momzaddes da Catardes sxvadasxva saxis RonisZieba mSoblebisaTvis.
36
sxvadasxva saganSi
antikorufciuli aRzrdis
programis danergvis magaliTebi
istoria
Tema `romis respublikaSi korufciis
gamovlinebis faqtebi~
avtorebi: daiva truCinskine, istoriis maswavlebeli.
VII klasi
mizani:
1. moswavleebi gaecnon romis aristokratiul respublikas;
2. gamoavlinon faqtebi, rom im drosac xdeboda saxelmwifo moxeleTa
mosyidvebi, adgili hqonda meqrTameobas da qonebis datacebas;
3. gaiazron, ra aris korufcia.
gamoyenebuli literatura:
• Šetkus B., Pobedinska L. Senoves istorija: vadovelis 7 klasei. – Vilnius: Kronta, 2000,
42 paragrafas.
• Plutarchas. Rinktines biogra.jos. – Vilnius: Vyturys, 1996.
meTodebi/aqtivobebi: saxelmZRvanelosa da dokumentebze muSaoba, rolu-
ri TamaSi.
gakveTili msvleloba
gakveTilis dasawyisSi moswavleebi ecnobian romis imperiis mmarTvelo-
bas. yuradReba maxvildeba imaze, rom romSi arsebobda aristokratiuli res-
publika, sadac srul Zalauflebas mdidari moqalaqeebi flobdnen, ramde-
nadac saxelmwifo moxeleebi anazRaurebas ar iRebdnen.
dafaze iwereba SekiTxvebi da davalebebi:

1. daamuSaveT dokumentebi da daamtkiceT, rom romis respublikaSi adgi-
li hqonda korufcias. isaubreT, sad mJRavndeboda is.
2. ra ziani mohqonda kanonebis daumorCileblobas romis respublikis
moqalaqeebisaTvis?
3. SeadareT ciceronisa da veras qmedebebi, rodesac maT maRali Tanam-
debobebi ekavaT. ra axdenda gavlenas maT qcevebze?
moswavleebi sam jgufad iyofian:

1. erTi jgufi dokumentebSi eZebs faqtebs, rodesac ciceroni veras ada-
naSaulebs.
2. meore jgufi cdilobs gamoamJRavnos/gaarkvios veras aseTi qcevis mi-

zezi.
3. mesame jgufi arkvevs ras warmoadgenen dazaralebulebi da ra ziani
miayenes maT.
ganzogadeba: dokumentebis Seswavlis Semdeg, moswavleebi miuTiTeben, rom

danaSauli veram Caidina; askvnian, rom romis respublikaSi kanonebs ar icav-
dnen, riTac moqalaqeebs zians ayenebdnen.
diskusiisas xazi gaesva im faqts, rom korufcia jer kidev antikur dro-
Si arsebobda. moswavleebi msjeloben, Tu ra mniSvneloba aqvs korufcias
Cinovnikebis cxovrebaSi da amave dros, ra zians ayenebs is sazogadoebasa da
saxelmwifos.
danarTi
wyaro a
plutarqe ciceronis Sesaxeb:
`ciceroni arc Tu ise did, magram sakmaris qonebas flobda. gasakviri iyo,
rom arc anazRaurebas da arc saCuqars ar iRebda mis mier warmoTqmul
`dacvis sityvaSi~, gansakuTrebiT maSin, rodesac veras saqme mihyavda. ada-
mianis, romelic siciliis propretori iyo, romelmac uamravi danaSau-
li Caidina da romlis mimarTac sicilielebma saqme aRZres. veras danaSa-
uli ciceronma Tavisi gamosvliT ki ar daamtkica, aramed piriqiT, saer-
Tod ar gamovida sityviT. pretorebi cdilobdnen veras winaSe Tavi ga-
moeCinaT da saqmis ganxilva bolo dRemde gadaavades. naTeli iyo, rom
erT dReSi sityviT gamosvla da gadawyvetilebis miReba gaZneldeboda.
maSin, ciceroni adga da Tqva, rom sityviT gamosvla ar iyo saWiro. gamo-
iZaxa mowmeebi da dakiTxa. Semdeg mosamarTleebs SesTavaza gadawyveti-
leba kenWisyriT mieRoT <...>~.
Plutarchas. Rinktines biografijos. – Vilnius: VyturYs, 1996. gv 140.
wyaro b
ciceronis sityvebidan veras Sesaxeb:
`veras pretorad yofnisas sicilielebisaTvis ar moqmedebda arc saku-
Tari kanonebi, arc Cveni senatis gadawyvetilebebi, arc adamianis ufle-
bebi. siciliaSi TiToeul moqalaqes ekuTvneba mxolod is, razec ar vcel-
deboda am kacis usazRvro sixarbe da TviTneboba <...> sami wlis ganmav-
lobaSi yvela sasamarTlo saqme misi warbebis moZraobiT wydeboda; yve-
lanairi qoneba (memkvidreobiT miRebuli) CamoerTmeodaT moqalaqeebs sa-
samarTlos gadawyvetilebiT, veras brZanebis safuZvelze. <...> yvelaze
saSiSi damnaSaveebi marTlmsajulebisagan Tavisufldebodnen, xolo uaR-
resad keTilsindisier da pativsacem adamianebs brals sdebdnen, sasamar-
Tlos gareSe gamohqondaT ganaCeni da gadasaxlebaSi agzavnidnen.~
Plutarchas. Rinktines biografijos. – Vilnius: VyturYs, 1996. gv 300.
Tema `marTveloba romis respublikaSi~
avtori: irena listianene. miaJeikskis saSualo skola `ventas~ istoriis mas-

wavlebeli.
XI klasi
miznebi da amocanebi
1. mmarTvelobis sqemebze dayrdnobiT gaanalizdes marTvis sistema ro-
mis respublikaSi; senatisa da saxelmwifos sxva Tanamdebobis pirebis
roli, plebeebsa da patriciebs Soris brZolis mizezebi.
2. argumentirebulad dasabuTdes, ratom iTvleba romis respublika
aristokratulad.
3. warmodgenili situaciis safuZvelze aixsnas, ra meTodebs mimarTav-
dnen romaelebi, raTa gamxdariyvnen Tanamdebobis pirebi, rogori ada-
mianebi iyvnen isini, ra faseulobebs aniWebdnen upiratesobas. gair-
kves TavianTi saqmianobiT ra zians ayenebdnen saxelmwifosa da sazo-
gadoebas.
saswavlo masalebi
• romis respublikis marTvis sqema, Tanamdebobis pirebis saqmianobis ma-
salebi.
• maswavleblis mier momzadebuli masalebi gai valeria busikumasa da
mis Svil gaia umcrosis cxovrebasa da moRvaweobaze.
• saxelmZRvaneloebi:
Bakonis E,. Janusas J. Lietuva ir pasaulis: istorijos vadovelis 11 kl. – Kaunas: Šviesa,
2001.
Bakonis E,. Senoves civilizaciju istorija: mokomoji knyga 11 kl. – Kaunas: Šviesa, 1992.
meTodebi/aqtivobebi: roluri TamaSi, inscenirebis Semdgom diskusia.
gakveTilis msvleloba
1. gavixsenoT, ra viTarebaSi da rodis gaxda romi respublika.
2. warmodgenilia marTvis sqema, Tanamdebobis pirTa saqmianobis amsax-
veli masalebisa da sqemebis gamoyenebiT moswavleebTan erTad xdeba
mmarTvelobis sistemis ganxilva.
3. saubris msvlelobisas ganixileba plebeebsa da patriciebs Soris
brZolis mizezebi da Sedegebi.
4. moswavleebs eZlevaT SekiTxvebi:
• ra roli hqonda saxelmwifoSi saxalxo tribunasa da konsuls?
• ra gziT cdilobda gai umcrosi karieris Seqmnas? rogor moaxerxa
konsulad daniSvna?
• ratom Caeba gai umcrosi korufciaSi?
• raSi gamovlinda es? gairkves, Tu rogor esmiT moswavleebs koruf-
ciis cneba.
• rogori iyo am adamianis bedi? rogor fiqrobT, ratom?

• ra faseulobebi iyo mniSvnelovani mamisaTvis da ratom ugulebel-
yo isini Svilma?
• vis miadga ziani gai umcrosis mmarTvelobis periodSi?
5. moswavleTa mcire jgufi winaswar momzadebul situacias gaiTamaSebs.
6. diskusia imarTeba inscenirebis win moswavleebisaTvis micemuli da-
valebis safuZvelze.
7. gakveTilis bolos xdeba Temis ganzogadeba. aqcenti keTdeba imaze, rom
romis imperia aristokratuli iyo.
antikorufciul aRzrdasTan kavSiri: mtkicdeba, rom korufcia antikur

periodSic arsebobda. mimdinareobs msjeloba mis mniSvnelobaze adamianis
cxovrebaSi da zianze, rasac sazogadoebas da saxelmwifos ayenebs.
danarTi:
gai valeri busikumi daibada samxreT italiaSi, qalaq teqsalikaSi, sadac
didi xani yvaoda zeiTunis zeTiT vaWroba. misi ojaxic am saqmiT iyo da-
kavebuli da warmatebiTac aviTarebda mas. misi mama, gai ufrosi, xeli-
suflebaSi didi xnis moRvaweobis Semdeg konsulis Tanamdebobaze airCi-
es. gai ufrosi pativsacemi da patiosani konsuli iyo. romSi misi konsu-
lobis periodSi mSvidoba sufevda. man araerTi samSvidobo xelSekrule-
ba dado im saxelmwifoebTan, romlebic adre mtrebad iTvlebodnen. mas
surda Tavisi Svilic pativsacem mmarTvelad exila, magram gai umcrosi
agresiulobiTa da TavSeukaveblobiT gamoirCeoda. usaqmurad gatare-
buli ramdenime wlis Semdeg gai umcrosma gadawyvita mamis kvals gahyo-
loda da xelisuflebaSi mosuliyo. magram mas ar surda, mamis msgavsad,
didxans lodini. amitom, cdilobda Tanamdebobis misaRebad misi gavlena
gamoeyenebina. Tavdapirvelad tribunes adgilis dakavebas cdilobda,
magram Tavisi absurduli gamosvlebiT da sxvadasxva mowodebebiT adami-
anebSi ironias iwvevda. rogorc yvebian tribuni dRe-Ramis nebismier mo-
mentSi SeiZleboda saWiro yofiliyo. Tu raime ubedureba moxdeboda, misi
gamoZaxeba nebismier dros SeiZleboda. tribunes SeeZlo umaRlesi xeli-
suflebis gadawyvetileba SeeCerebina. maT agreTve ekrZalebodaT romis
datoveba. es pirobebi ar moewona gais da gadawyvita aRar ecada tribu-
nes adgilis miReba. ramdenime wlis Semdeg gais italiuri provinciis –
siciliis marTva miandes. Tavisi uazro da uadgilo gamosvlebisa da uwig-
nurobis gamo igi maleve gaaTavisufles da iZulebuli gaxda romSi dab-
runebuliyo.
romSi dabrunebis Semdeg konsulis Tanamdebobis miReba isurva. konsu-
lebs krebis mowvevis ufleba hqondaT. misi mamis, konsul gai ufrosis
sikvdilis Semdeg Rirseuli memkvidris moZebna Zalzed Zneli iyo. axal-
gazrda gai umcrosi daJinebiT, yvela SesaZlo xerxis gamoyenebiT cdi-
lobda am Tanamdebobis dakavebas. mxardaWeris SemTxvevaSi gai xalxs sim-
didres da karg cxovrebas pirdeboda. sabolood, sami wlis Semdeg, gai
valeri busikumi konsuli gaxda. romis mosaxleoba misgan danapirebis
Sesrulebas eloda. cdilobda ra Tvisi gavlenisa da Zala-uflebis gaZ-

lierebas, man senator tiperiis qaliSvili SeirTo colad. ramdenime
xnis Semdeg, gai valeri busikumi kvestorebTan erTad, romlebic saxel-
mwifo xazinas gankargavdnen, korufciul garigebebSi Caeba. maT orjer
Sumcires kariskacebs dafinanseba, xolo moqalaqeebs gadasaxadebi ga-
uzardes. gai im miwebs, romlebic romis mier brZoliT iyo mopovebuli,
saidumlod yidda mtrebze. igi winaaRmdegi iyo, rom romis moqalaqeebs
sruli Tavisufleba hqonodaT. romSi ukve didi xniT adre apirebdnen
moqalaqeebs Soris simdidris Tanabrad gadanawilebasa da qonebrivi
uTanasworobis (mdidrebsa da Raribebs Soris) aRmofxvras. magram gaim
es ar dauSva, ris Sedegadac mdidrebisagan Zlieri mxardaWera miiRo. g.
v. busikumma korufciis meSveobiT didi simdidre SeiZina, magram amas-
Tan erTad, adamianebis undobloba daimsaxura. sabolood, romis impe-
riaSi ajanyebam ifeTqa. xalxi sakuTari uflebebis aRdgenas cdilob-
da. maleve ajanyebulebma gai mokles da mis adgilas sxva konsuli air-
Cies, romelmac Zveli kanonebi aRadgina da romelic romis moqalaqeTa
TavisuflebisaTvis ibrZoda.
University College Dublin: The Lives of Busicum and Gorius. –
www.ucd.ie/-classics/thirdyear/ancbiorg.htm
Tema `romis imperiis siZliere~
avtori: edita galinaitite, #9 saSualo skolis istoriis maswavlebeli,

meTodisti.
VII klasi
mizani
1. romis imperiis mmarTvelobis Taviseburebisa da naklovanebebis ga-
movlena.
amocanebi
1. gaanalizdes oqtaviane avgustis mmarTvelobis dros romis imperiaSi
gatarebuli cvlilebebi da misi gavlena senatze.
2. gamovlindes romis imperiis mmarTvelobis uaryofiTi mxareebi: Ta-
namdebobis pirebis mosyidva, adamianebis usamarTloba, saxelmwifo
moxeleTa upasuxismgebloba.
gamoyenebuli literatura:
• Šetkus B., Pobedinska L. Senoves istorija: vadovelis 7 klasei. – Vilnius: Kronta, 2000.
• Senoves istorijos chrestomatija. – Kaunas: Šviesa, 1983.
gamoyenebuli meTodebi: analizi, dokumentur wyaroebze muSaoba.
1. gameoreba: marTva romis imperiaSi;
2. romis respublikis da romis imperiis mmarTvelobis Sedareba sqeme-
bis gamoyenebiT;
3. gameoreba: senatis movaleobebi romis respublikaSi;
4. klasi xuT jgufad iyofa;
5. moswavleebi ecnobian wyaroebs da Semdeg SekiTxvebze pasuxoben:
• rogor Seicvala senatis formireba romis imperiaSi respublikur
periodTan SedarebiT?
• vis da risTvis awyobda senatis amgvari formireba?
• ratom Sesustda senatis roli imperiis dros?
• ras fiqroben romaelebi senatis formirebaze imperiis periodSi?
ratom?
• ra ziani miayena romis sazogadoebas senatis aseTma formirebam?
• ra saxiT iyenebda borotad Zalauflebas oqtaviane avgustusi?
6. wyaroebze dayrdnobiT moswavleebs daskvnebi gamoaqvT senatis for-
mirebaze da imperiis mzard gavlenaze romis imperiis periodSi.
antikorufciul aRzrdasTan kavSiri: moswavleebi adareben respublikis

da imperiis mmarTvelobas. ayalibeben respublikis mmarTvelobis uaryofiT
Taviseburebebs. msjelobis safuZvelze pasuxoben SekiTxvas – ratom moq-
medebda saxelmwifoze uaryofiTad `mudmivi~ senatoroba. uaryofiTad afa-
seben romis imperiaSi senatorebis mosyidvis faqtebs, rac farTod iyo gav-
rcelebuli im dros.
danarTi
`didi xania senati gafarTovda da TavaSvebul brbod gadaiqca – masSi
aTasze meti wevri Sedioda, maT Soris iyvnen uRirsi adamianebic, romlebic
cezaris sikvdilis Semdeg, nacnobobiT an qrTamiT miiRes. xalxi maT `mud-
miv~ senatorebs eZaxda.~
Senoves istorijos chrestomatija. – Kaunas: Šviesa,1983
Tema: `reformacia evropaSi~
avtori: edita galinaitite, panaviJisis #9 saS. skolis istoriis maswavle-

beli, meTodisti.
VIII klasi
mizani:
1. moswavleebSi dokumenturi wyaroebis gaanalizebisa da daskvnebis ga-
motanis unarebis ganviTareba.
amocanebi:
1. gaanalizdes, ra gavlenas axdenen Tavadebi germaniis imperatoris Za-
lauflebaze;
2. gairkves cnebis `simonia~ azri;
3. gaanalizdes evropaSi reformaciis mizezebi;
4. gamovlindes imperatoris Zalauflebis sisustis mizezebi.
gamoyenebuli literatura
• Pasaulio ir Lietuvos istorija. VI–XVIII amžiai: vadovelis 8 klasei. – Vilnius: Kronta,
2002.
• Viduriniu amžiu chrestomatija. D. 2. – Kaunas: Šviesa, 1977.
meTodebi: dokumenturi wyaroebis damuSaveba.
1. moswavleTa jgufebSi gadanawileba;
2. saxelmZRvaneloSi mocemul teqstze dayrdnobiT (gv.39) moswavleebi
ixseneben, rogor xdeboda imperatoris Zalauflebis formireba ger-
maniis imperiaSi;
3. moswavleebi ecnobian wyaroebs da Semdeg SekiTxvebze pasuxoben:
• rogor miiRo germaniis imperatorma Zalaufleba romis papisagan?
• vin da risTvis uxdida fuls romis paps?
• ratom hqonda germaniis imperators susti Zlaufleba?
• rogori Sexeduleba hqondaT germaniis macxovreblebs aseTi Zala-
uflebis warmoqmnaze?
4. winamdebare kiTxvebze dayrdnobiT, moswavleebi sakuTar azrebs ga-
moTqvamen da rac SeiZleba meti daskvna gamoaqvT germaniis imperiaSi
momxdar uaryofiT movlenebze.
antikorufciul aRzrdasTan kavSiri: moswavleebs uaryofiTi damokide-

buleba uCndebaT Cinovnikebisa da mRvdelTmTavrebis mosyidvis faqtebis
mimarT, rac im periodis germanSi farTod iyo gavrcelebuli.
danarTi
ìmisaTvis, rom romis gvirgvini dagedgaT Tavze, Cven Tavze aviReT pasu-
xismgebloba zogierTi Tavadis winaSe, romlebic mxolod me mendobodnen
da sxvas aravis; komisrebs sakmaod didi Tanxa gadavuxadeT xelze, saidanac
udidesi nawili Cveni megobrebisgan miviReT. naTelia, rom Cemi daxmarebis
gareSe Tqveni imperatoruli udidebulesoba ver SeZlebda romis gvirgvi-
nis miRebas~
Viduriniu amžiu istorijos chrestomatija. – Kaunas: Šviesa, 1977
Tema `TavadaznaurTa mbrZanebloba orerovan

respublikaSi~
avtori: irena lizdenene, istoriis maswavlebeli, moJeiskis saSualo sko-

lis meTodisti.
VIII klasi
miznebi da amocanebi:
1. ganimartos, rodis daiwyo TavadaznaurTa poziciebis gaZliereba ore-
rovan respublikaSi da ra dokumentiT iyo es ganpirobebuli.
2. i. gruSas nawarmoebis, `Rekviem bajormas~, nawyvetebis safuZvelze aix-
snas TavadaznaurTa ufleba-mosilebis gafarToebiT saxelmwifoze
uaryofiTi zemoqmedeba.
3. moswavleebma unda imsjelon, TviTnebobiT, kanonis darRveviTa da
dajgufebebis SeqmniT saxelmwifosaTvis miyenebul zianze.
• Pasaulio ir Lietuvos istorija: VI–XVIII amžiai: vadovelis 8 klasei. – Vilnius: Kronta,
1999.
• Rekviem bajorams // Grušas J. Raštai. T. 2. – Vilnius: Vaga, 1980.
meTodebi: axsna, teqstze muSaoba, diskusia.
1. mokle gameoreba, rodis da ra viTarebaSi iyo xelmowerili lublia-
nas unia1 , pirobebi da Sedegebi.
2. saxelmZRvanelos masalebis safuZvelze ganixileba orerovani respub-
likis mdgomareoba Jigimantasa augustis sikvdilis Semdeg.
3. ganixileba genrix valuas dapirebebi TavdaznaurTaTvis `pacta conven-
ta~ da ,,liberum veto~-s ZalaSi Sesvlis Semdeg.
4. klasi iyofa 4 jgufad. TiToeuls eZleva nawyveti i. gruSas `Rekviem
bajormas~-s nawarmoebidan.
• aZlierebda Tu ara saxelmwifo TavadaznaurTa Zalauflebas, gan-
sakuTrebiT ,,liberum veto~-s Semdeg?
• Zalauflebisadmi ltolvisas ra meTodebs iyenebdnen Tavadaznau-
rebi?
• rogor arkvevda Tavadaznauroba erTmaneTTan urTierTobebs?
• ra ziani miayena imdroindel saxelmwifosa da sazogadoebas Tava-
daznaurTa batonobam? romeli faseulobebis winaaRmdeg ilaSqreb-
da Tavadaznauroba?
• ra SegiZliaT TqvaT mefis Zalauflebaze amgvar saxelmwifoSi?
5. diskusiis Semdeg keTdeba daskvnebi, rom TavadaznaurTa batonoba ore-
rovani saxelmwifos dasustebis erT-erTi mizezi iyo.
1 unia – kavSiri, gaerTianeba, xelSekruleba

antikorufciul aRzrdasTan kavSiri: vlindeba korufciis faqtebi XVIII

saukunis orerovan respublikaSi. yuradReba eqceva im movlenas, ramac sa-
xelmwifos dacema gamoiwvia.
danarTi:
nawyveti i. gruSas dramidan `Rekviem bajormas~
Tema òrerovani respublika: saxelmwifos dacema,

TavadaznaurTa anarqia~
avtori: daiva truCinskene, antanasa baranauskases saxelobis skolis isto-

riis maswavlebeli.
VIII klasi
gansaxilvel Temas eTmoba erTi sruli gakveTili
mizani da amocanebi
1. moswavleebi gaecnon orerovani respublikis dasustebis mizezebs.
2. ganixilon konkretuli magaliTebi. avuxsnaT, rom litvis didebul sa-
TavadoSic ukve XVII-XVIII saukuneSi yvaoda korufcia, Tavadaznaur-
Ta TavaSvebuloba, loToba, rac did areulobas iwvevda da asustebda
saxelmwifos avtoritets.
3. gamovlindes TavadaznaurTa uflebebis uaryifiTi zemoqmedeba saxel-
mwifos ganviTarebaze.
• Pasaulio ir Lietuvos istorija: VI–XVIII amžiai: vadovelis 8 klasei – Vilnius: Kronta,
1999, paragrafi 51.
• Lietuvos istorija. – Vilnius: Mokslas, 1989.
meTodebi: gonebrivi ieriSi, dokumentebze muSaoba, cxrilebis Sevseba.
1. gameoreba, rodis da ra viTarebaSi moewera xeli liublianas unias,
raSi gamovlinda litvis saxelmwifoebrioba liublianas uniis Semdeg?
2. saxelmZRvanelos masalebis da dokumentebis safuZvelze xazi esmeva
im faqts, rom orerovani saxelmwifos marTvaSi naklovaneba mefis Za-
lauflebis sisustem ganapiroba.
3. ismeba SekiTxva – `romeli sazogadoebrivi movlena asocirdeba `ko-
rufciis~ cnebasTan?~ moswavleTa azrebi dafaze an qaRaldis did
formatze iwereba (SeiZleba dafiqsirdes Semdegi mosazrebebi: qrTa-
mis micema, Tanamdebobis borotad gamoyeneba, saxelmwifos fuladi
saxsrebis gaflangva, mosyidva da sxva.)
4. xdeba im faqtis Sexseneba, rom zemoT xsenebul movlenebs adgili hqon-

da litvis didebul saTavadoSi (lds), gansakuTrebiT liublianas Se-
moerTebis Semdeg.
5. moswavleebi jgufebSi nawildebian (4-5 moswavle), maT Semdegi dava-
lebebi eZlevaT:
• romeli faqtebi adasturebs samefo xelisuflebis dasustebas?
• wyaroebis Seswavlisas gamoyaviT korufciis cnebasTan dakavSire-
buli problemebi;
• SeecadeT daadginoT am naklovanebebis gamomwvevi mizezebi;
• ra zians ayenebda saxelmwifos TavadaznaurTa TviTneboba da `ve-
tos~ wesis arseboba?
• rogor arkvevda Tavadaznauroba erTmaneTTan urTierTobas?
6. moswavleebi cxrils avseben (ix. cxrili)
daskvna: TavadaznaurTa TviTneboba da maTi batonoba orerovani respub-

likis dacemis erT-erTi mizezi iyo.
antikorufciul aRzrdasTan kavSiri: vlindeba korufciis faqtebi XVII

saukunis orerovan respublikaSi da ikveTeba maTi gavlena saxelmwifos da-
cemaze.
danarTi
wyaro a
`<...> respublikaSi mefes aranairi Zalaufleba ar hqonda. saerTod ar
arsebobda centraluri Zalaufleba, romelasac vinme angariSs gauwevda. Te-
oriulad, srul Zalauflebas Tavad moqalaqeebi flobdnen, e. i. Tavadazna-
uroba. magram sinamdvileSi didad verafers cvlidnen. maT Soris mudmivi
uTanxmoeba iyo, ris gamoc vercerTi partia ver axerxebda momZlavrebas. amis
gamo seimebi erTmaneTis miyolebiT iSlebodnen da mxare administraciisa
da Zalauflebis gareSe rCeboda; es ki TavadaznaurTa TviTnebobasa da ucxo-
elTa mosyidvas uwyobda xels <...>. <...> velmoJebi, maTgan Tavadaznaureb-
ma mxolod qeifi da loToba iswavles. <...> TavadaznaurTa rigebSi gansa-
kuTrebuli avtoritetiT sargeblobdnen is didebulebi, romlebsac yvela-
ze metis daleva SeeZloT da ar Tvrebodnen. mejlisze maspinZlis movaleo-
ba iyo, yvela stumari ise daeTro, rom saxlSi msaxuris daxmarebis gareSe
ver wasuliyo.~
Lietuvos istorija. – Vilnius: Mokslas, 1989
wyaro b
`... seimiki. seimikSi politikuri cxovreba miedineboda. aq wydeboda vin
iyo TavadaznaurTagan ufro Zlieri da vis elodeboda usiamovnebebi sei-
mis an tribunalis mxridan. amis gamo, didebulebi cdilobdnen TavianT mxa-
res gadaebirebinaT TavadaznaurTa udidesi nawili. maTi gadabireba ki mxo-
lod mudmivi proteqciebiTa da mamulebSi gamarTuli qeifebiT iyo SesaZ-
lebeli. amave mizeziT seimekebs gareubnebidan mohyavdaT gaRaribebuli Ta-
vadaznaurebi, vinaidan maTac, velmoJebis msgavsad, hqondaT xmis ufleba da
rac mTavaria, TavadaznaurTa niSani — maxvili, romelic SeeZloT nebismi-

er dros gamoeyenebinaT, TavianTi batonis, an im adamianis azris dasacavad,
vinc kargad gadauxdida..~
wyaro g
`seimebi. aSkaraa, rom amdeni gaRaribebuli wvrili Tavadaznauris Camoy-
vana mxolod velmoJebs SeeZloT. maTze iyo damokidebuli seimekebis Sede-
gebic. ase rom, saSualo fenis Tavadaznaurebs didebulebis garSemo unda
moeyaraT Tavi, winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi dazaraldebodnen. amgvarad, velmo-
Jebi maTTvis sasurvel warmomadgenlebs irCevdnen. erT mxares erTi gavle-
niani didebuli marTavda, meores – sxva. amitom, rodesac maTi warmomadgen-
lebi erTad iyridnen Tavs seimSi, bunebrivia uamrav sakiTxze ver Tanxmde-
bodnen. yovelTvis moiZebneboda vinme, vinc SesZaxebda - `veto~ da seimi unda
daSliliyo. magram es wyoba mainc namdvil Tavisuflebad miiCneoda. Tava-
daznaurebi ufrTxildebodnen mas da fxizlad adevnebdnen Tvalyurs, rom
araferi Secvliliyo, radgan grZnobdnen, rom mxolod aseT wyobaSi SeeZ-
loT kargad cxovreba da gamdidreba.~
cxrili. korufciis gamovlineba lublianis uniis Semdeg
korufciis gamovlineba korufciis faqtebis korufciis Sedegebi

gamovlinebis mizezebi orerovan saxelmwifoSi
meqrTameoba angarebis mizniT kanone- moqmedi kanonebi moqala-
bis SemuSavebisaken qeTa mxolod garkveuli
swrafva nawilis interesebs
icavda
da sxva
Tema àralegaluri gamocemebis gavrceleba litvaSi~
avtori: irena lizdianene, miaJeiskis saSualo skola `ventas~ istoriis mas-

wavlebeli.
IX klasi
1. gamovlindes rusi Cinovnikebis pozicia, Tavganwirva, `knigonoSebis~
(litvuri aralegaluri beWdvuri sityvis gamavrceleblebi) sazria-
noba, aralegaluri gamocemebis gavrcelebis xerxebi, `knigonoSTa~ sa-
zogadoebis saqmianoba.
2. moswavleebSi masalis damoukideblad damuSavebisa da kritikulad Se-
fasebis unarebis ganviTareba.
• litvuri aralegaluri gamocemebis gavrcelebis ruka
• cxrilebi:
a) sabaJoze dakavebuli litvuri wignebis raodenoba
b) garSvaiskeli `knigonoSebis~ sazogadoebis mier gavrcelebuli wig-
nebis Sinaarsi
1887-1897 w. (Tyla A. Garšviu knygnešiu draugija. – Vilnius: Mintis, 1991, gv. 34);
• `knigonoSi~ u. belinisas saqmianobis amsaxveli dokumentebi (1864–1904
m. – Vilnius: Valstybinis leidybos centras, 1992, gv. 50–51);
• `knigonoSi~ i. vaiCekauskasis saqmianobis amsaxveli dokumentebi
• ilustracia - `litvuri skola 1864-1904 wlebSi~ (“Ãîðåñòíàÿ øêîëà”)
• Brazauskas J. Naujuju amžiu istorija: nuo Didžiosios prancuzu revoliucijos iki Pirmojo
pasaulinio karo pabaigos: vadovelis 9 klasei. – Vilnius: Kronta, 1999.
meTodebi: ganmarteba, rukaze muSaoba, cxrilebis, dokumenturi wyaroebi-

sa da TvasaCinoebebis gamoyeneba.
1. litvaSi gamocemebis akrZalvis garemoebaTa Sesaxeb cnobebis gameo-
reba;
2. moswavleebi rukebis meSveobiT ikvleven prusiaSi litvis aralega-
luri gamomcemlobis centrebs; litvaSi gamocemebis gavrcelebis me-
Todebs;
3. `knigonoSebis~ saqmianoba;
4. saukeTeso `knigonoSebis~ saqmianoba, xalxis keTildReobisaTvis maTi
Tavganwirva. warmodgenilia dokumentebi i.belinisis saqmianobis Se-
saxeb (maTSi asaxulia Jandarmebis mier qrTamis aRebis faqtebi);
5. SekiTxvebi:
• ratom misca i.belinisma qrTami uradniks da pristavis cols?
• cdilobda Tu ara Tavad sargeblis miRebas?
• ra SegiZliaT TqvaT im drois rus Cinovnikebze? ra mosazrebebiT
iRebdnen isini qrTams? (XIX saukunis rusi Cinovnikebi Tvlidnen,
rom xelfass mxolod mefis samsaxurisaTvis iRebdnen, xolo Tu isi-
ni raime gadawyvetilebas rigiTi moqalaqeebis sasargeblod miiReb-
dnen, amaSi damatebiTi anazRaureba ekuTvnodaT);
• vin ayenebda sakuTari qmedebiT zians da vin zaraldeboda?
• ra Rirebulebebis matarebeli iyo i. belinisi? iyvnen Tu ara rusi
Cinovnikebic amave Rirebulebebis matarebelni?
6. `knigonoSebis~ moRvaweoba maJeikskis mxareSi (moswavleTa prezenta-
ciebi winaswar Segrovil masalas efuZneba);
7. Temis ganzogadeba.
antikorufciul ganaTlebasTan kavSiri: ruseTis imperiaSi meqrTameo-

bis, rogorc korufciis elementis, roli Cinovnikebis cxovrebaSi. aqcenti
keTdeba im zianze, rasac korufcia saxelmwifos ayenebs.
Tema `ssrk-s ganviTareba civi omis periodSi~
avtori: laima maminskene, vaiJgantas saxelobis radviliSskis gimnaziis

istoriis maswavlebeli
XII klasi, istoriis vrceli kursi
1. ssrk-s magaliTze ganisazRvros XX saukunis meore naxevarSi totali-
taruli qveynebis ganviTarebis mniSvnelovani mxareebi;
2. anegdotebis ganxilva moswavleebSi sabWoTa kavSiris ganviTarebaze
dagrovili codnis gamoyenebiT;
3. moswavleebma SeZlon:
• sabWoTa xelisuflebis sxvadasxva periodis problemebis Sedareba;
• maTi klasificireba, Tavad moswavleTa mier SerCeuli kriteriu-
mebis mixedviT;
• ssrk-s socialuri, sameurneo da politikuri ganviTarebis Sefase-
ba civi omis periodSi;
• sabWoTa periodisa da litvis dRevandeli problemebis Sedareba.
4. sxvadasxva istoriuli periodisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli problemis
aqcentireba; korufciuli gamovlinebebis mimarT aqtiuri, Seurige-
beli pirovnebebis aRzrda.
• Lietuva ir pasaulis: istorijos vadovelis 12 klasei. – Kaunas: Šviesa, 2001, paragr. 39.
• Žemaičiuos girdeti anekdotai. – Taurage: Tauragiškiu balsas, 1992, t. 8.
• 815 anekdotu apie valdžią, valdymą ir verslininkus. – Vilnius: Mintis, 1992.
• Naujausiuju laiku istorijos pratybu sąsiuvinis 10 kl. – Vilnius: Pradai, 1998, gv. 34.
meTodebi: jgufuri muSaoba, wyaroebis (anegdotebis) damuSaveba, dapiris-

pireba, analizi, diskusia jgufebSi, prezentaciebi.
1. moswavleebi 5 jgufad iyofian, (sxvadasxva feris baraTebis Sesabami-
sad).
2. TiToeul jgufs eZleva 9-10 anegdoti sabWoTa kavSirSi arsebul
problemebze (problemebi winaswar ar saxeldeba):
• I jgufs – ekonomikuri problemebi (anegdotebi eqstensiur meur-
neobaze, teqnologiur CamorCenaze, resursebis araracionalur ga-
moyenebaze, produqciis dabal xarisxze, soflis meurneobis Camor-
Cenaze da a.S.)
• II jgufs – socialuri problemebi (anegdotebi loTobaze, qurdo-
baze da a.S.)
• III jgufs – biurokratia (anegdotebi `gaberil~ fasebze, arakom-

petentur Cinovnikebze, kancelariis TanamSromelTa simravlze
da a.S.)
• IV jgufs –korufcia (anegdotebi meqrTameobaze, nomenklatu-
ris privilegiebze, saxelmwifo qonebis datacebaze da a.S.) (ix.
danarTi)
• V jgufs – propagandasa da realobas Soris sxvaoba (anegdotebi
ararsebul `gamarjvebebze~, partiisa da misi liderebis gandide-
baze da a. S.)
3. davaleba: wakiTxvis da gansjis Semdeg jgufSi daasaxeleT problema,
romelic warmodgenil yvela anegdots aerTianebs.
4. problemebis dasaxelebis Semdeg maT baraTebi eZlevaT davalebiT,
romlis mixedviTac jgufma mokle moxseneba unda daweros (diskusiis
Semdeg).
IV jgufis davalebis baraTi

• anegdotebis safuZvelze daadgineT, ra formiT mJRavndeboda koruf-
cia sabWoTa kavSirSi;
• sabWoTa kavSiris mosaxleobis romeli fena SeiZleba davukavSiroT ko-
rufcias? CamoTvaleT rigiTobis mixedviT (CamoTvla daiwyeT umaR-
lesi Tanamdebobis pirebiT);
• sabWoTa kavSiris Sesaxeb anegdotebSi Secdomaa daSvebuli: erTi aneg-
doti ar aris im periodSi Seqmnili, Tumca masSi saubaria swored sab-
WoTa droze. romelia es anegdoti? moiyvaneT argumenti;
• sabWoTa periodis romeli anegdoti Seesabameba litvis dRevendelo-
bas? ratom?
5. jgufebi akeTeben prezentacias;
6. prezentaciis safuZvelze moswavleebs dakvnebi gamoaqvT XX saukunis
me-2 naxevarSi sabWoTa kavSirSi arsebuli problemis Sesaxeb; aanali-
zeben, romeli maTgani yvavis kvlavindeburad postkomunistur saxel-
mwifoebSi (litvis magaliTze dayrdnobiT);
7. saSinao davaleba:
• Caiweron sabWoTa periodis sazogadoebis 2-3 problema, romelTa
ganxilvac ar moxda am gakveTilze.
• moiZion anegdotebi ganxilul Temebze.
antikorufciul ganaTlebasTan kavSiri: gakveTilze ganixileba ssrk Ci-
novnikis mentalitetis Taviseburebebi, yoveldRiur praqtikaSi dakanone-
buli korufcia. aRniSnuli informacia erTi mxriv, exmarebaT gaigon pos-
tsabWouri azrovnebis danatovari, meore mxriv – Seafason, ramdenad Seic-
vala sazogadoeba ssrk-s daSlis Semdeg.
danarTi
anegdotebi korufciaze
•
ssrk-s generaluri mdivani stumrobs aSS-s. mis sapativcemulod brwyin-
vale, mdidruli sadili ewyoba.
– saidan, aseTi Zvirfasi miRebisaTvis saxsrebi? – ukvirs stumars. aSS-s
prezidents is fanjarasTan mihyavs da eubneba:
– ai im xids xedav?
– vxedav.
– ai, aq aris damarxuli ZaRlis Tavi. am xidis mSeneblobaze mciredi eko-
nimia gavwieT.
erTi wlis Semdeg aSS-s prezidenti ewvia ssrk-s da masac ki, Tumca bevri
unaxavs, ukvirs maspinZlis xelgaSliloba. maSin ssrk-s xelmZRvanels
stumari fanjarasTan mihyavs:
– ai iq xids xedavT?
– ver vxedav.
– ai, aqac ZaRlis Tavia damarxuli.
•
– ratom dagiweres wina gakveTilze karnaxSi oTxiani da exla xuTiani, Sec-
domebi xom imdenivea?
– iciT, maSin mamaCemi mxolod mdivani iyo, axla ki is – direqtoria.
•
– direqtors qrTami SevTavaze, man ki karisken mimiTiTa.
– gagagdo?
– ara, ubralod karze mimiTiTa, vinmem ar gagvigos an ar dagvinaxos gasa-
Rebis Wrilidano.
•
– riT daviwyoT revizia?
– koniakiT.
•
parlamentari eubneba biznesmens:
– Tqven me 50 aTasi momeciT da me Tqven milioners gagxdiT ...
•
meTevzem mdinareze xidis ageba gadawyvita. amisaTvis erTi vagoni cemen-
ti dasWirda. gagzavna saministroSi mgeli – man iymuvla, iymuvla, magram
uSedegod; gagzavna melia – ieSmaka, ieSmaka, magram uSedegod. bolos gag-
zavna viri. ar brundeba erTi kvira, meore, .. bolos da bolos dabrunda
cementis mTeli eSeloniT.
– rad ginda amdeni cementi?
– nu Relav. saministroSi uamrav nacnobs Sevxvdi da davumtkice, rom xidi
mdinaris gaswvriv unda avaSenoT.
•
moqalaqe kabinetis win dgas da kiTxulobs: `miiReba – 10-15~. am dros mo-
dis kinzulisi da kiTxulobs:
– naklebs ar miiRebs?
•
moqalaqe Cinovniks ramdenime kupiuras sTavazobs.
– es ra aris, qrTami? – gabrazda Cinovniki.
SeSinebuli moqalaqe fulis ukan aRebas cdilobs, magram Cinovniki amatebs:
– Tqveni bedi, rom meqrTame var.
•
warmogidgeniaT, Cvens sammarTveloSi qrTamis aRebisTvis ukve 50 kaci ga-
asamarTles.
– ooo! Cvens sammarTveloSi aseTi ram SeuZlebelia.
– TqvenTan yvela patiosania?
– saqme amaSi ar aris. Cvens sammarTveloSi sul 40 kaci muSaobs.
•
erTxel mefe parlamentis wevrebTan erTad sadilis dros ambobs, rom ma-
Rali gadasaxadebis miuxedavad saxelmwifo xazina carielia. maSin, erTma
xnierma parlamentarma Sampanuris Tasidan yinulis namsxvrevi aiRo, gver-
diT mjdoms miawoda da sTxova mezoblisaTvis gadaewodebina. rodesac
yinulis natexi mefemde mivida, ukve damdnari iyo.
– ai, Tqveno aRmatebulebav, ratomaa xazina carieli – Tqva parlamentarma.
•
Seremetevos aeroportSi Jurnalisti italiel turistebs ekiTxeba:
– ra mizniT CamoxvediT ssrk-Si?
– Tqveni gamocdileba unda gaviziaroT soflis meurneobaSi.
– soflis meurneobaSi?
– diax. samuSaos aseTi organizebis Sesaxeb SeiZleba mxolod iocnebo. sab-
WoTa meurneoba (zavxozi) – ubralod fantastikaa! `Sefebis~ mxridan dax-
mareba – grandiozulia, miwas xnaven jariskacebi, farcxaven muSebi, mo-
savals iReben studentebi, axarisxeben profesorebi, docentebi da aspi-
rantebi, da es yvelaferi ufasod. produqciis gasaRebis Semdeg `zavxo-
zis~ direqtori acxadebs: `7 milionis zaralia~ da am milionebs unazRa-
ureben. mama mia! Cven aseTi arc ki gvesizmreba!
– Tqven fermerebi xarT?
– rasakvirvelia! Cven italiuri mafiis wevrebi varT!
•
erTma qalbatonma 20 weli `samovarebis~ qarxanaSi imuSava, magram am xnis
ganmavlobaSi samovaris SeZena ver SeZlo. imedis dakargvis Semdeg komu-
nisturi partiis centralur komitets miswera: `me ukve 20 welia samova-
rebis qarxanaSi vmuSaob, magram dRemde ar maqvs samovari~.
Zlier gaukvirda, roca, ramdenime xnis Semdeg pasuxi miiRo: `pativcemu-
lo amxanago... dasanania, rom centraluri komiteti ver dagexmarebaT sa-
movaris SeZenaSi, magram viRebT ra mxedvelobaSi Tqvens damsaxurebas da
staJs, uflebas gaZlevT yoveldRiurad qarxnidan erTi detali waiRoT
da samovari Tavad aawyoT~.
ramdenime wlis Semdeg qali isev wers werils ck-s: `me ukve yvelanairi
imedi davkarge. yvelaferi ise gavakeTe, rogorc Tqven mirCieT. yovel-
dRe samuSaodan momqonda TiTo detali da ra miviRe sabolood? bostan-
Si midgas ori raketa - `Çåìëÿ-çåìëÿ”, samovari ki kvlavac ar maqvs.
samoqalaqo aRzrda, politologia

Tema `kanonieri da ukanono, samarTliani da usamarTlo~
avtorebi: regina piatraitene, gintautas piatraitisi, Saulaiskis saSua-

lo skolis maswavleblebi.
VIII klasi
sagani: samoqalaqo sazogadoebis safuZvlebi
mizani: moqalaqeobrivi cnobierebis Camoyalibeba, kritikuli da analiti-

kuri azrovnebis ganviTareba.
damxmare masala
situaciebis nusxa (ix. danarTi)
meTodebi: mcire jgufebSi muSaoba, analizi, diskusia.
1. moswavleebi jgufebad iyofian.
2. TiToeul jgufs eZleva baraTi, romelzec aRwerilia situacia (situ-
aciebi mocemulia qvemoT).
3. dafaze Camowerilia SekiTxvebi:
a) Cans Tu ara mocemul situaciaSi dazaralebuli ? Tu ki, vin aris?
b) Cans Tu ara damnaSave? Tu ki, vin aris damnaSave?
g) Cadenilia Tu ara raime danaSauli?
d) Tu Cadenilia, ra saxis (qurdoba, TaRliToba, korufcia)?
4. TiToeuli jgufi Tavis situacias (situaciebs) aanalizebs da msje-
lobs masze (maTze).
5. TiToeuli jgufi situaciebze komentarebs (prezentaciis saxiT) mTel
klass uziarebs.
6. imarTeba diskusia: `rogor iqmneba danaSaulisaTvis xelsayreli ga-
remo?~, `risi Secvlaa saWiro sazogadoebaSi, rom aseTi danaSaulebi
Semcirdes?~
mosalodneli Sedegi: situaciebis gaanalizebiT moswavleebi ukeT aRiq-

vamen gare samyaros; diskusiebis Sedegad swavloben: a) WeSmariti gzebis Zi-
ebas da qmedebebis sworad Sefasebas; b) sakuTari azris gamoTqmas; g) xdebi-
an ufro aqtiurebi.
antikorufciul ganaTlebasTan kavSiri: miuxedavad imisa, rom moswavle-

ebi Teoriulad ecnobian, Tu ras warmoadgens korufcia, praqtikaSi mainc
uWirT misi gamovlena. konkretuli situaciebis analizi exmareba maT kri-
tikulad Seafason realoba, eZebon masTan brZolis xerxebi (Tundac utopi-
uri) da iswavlon, rogor SeiZleba `sworad~, patiosnac cxovreba. moswav-
leebi Tavian warmosaxvaSi qmnian sazogadoebis models, romelSic yvela Ta-

nabrad emorCileba kanonebs da iazrebs demokratiis arss.
danarTi
situaciebi
a) joni matarebelSi konduqtors uxsnis – imdenad gvian movida sadgur-
ze, rom bileTis yidva veRar moaswro. konduqtori mas sTavazobs, bi-
leTis safasuris naxevari gadaixados.
b) kompania `naTeli momavali~ monawileobas iRebs skolebis rekonstruq-

ciis tenderSi. kompaniis warmomadgeneli komisiis wevrebs, samuSaos
Semsubuqebis mizniT, mobilur telefonebs sTavazobs.
g) rodesac onam marTvis mowmobis misaRebad gamocda ver Caabara,

instruqtorma mas garkveuli Tanxis gadaxda SesTavaza gamocdis ga-
dabarebis sanacvlod.
d) saswavlo wlis damTavarebasTan dakavSirebiT, moswavleebma damrige-

bels yvavilebis didi Taiguli aCuqes.
e) gzatkecilze araswori moZraobisaTvis patrulma maikli daajarima.

jarima 20 lars Seadgenda. maikls es Tanxa jibeze ar aRmoaCnda da pat-
ruls jarimis gamowera mosTxova.
– jibeze ramdeni gaqvT? hkiTxa patrulis TanamSromelma
maikls 10 lari hqonda. policielma gamoarTva fuli da daemSvidoba.
v) patrulis TanamSromeli gzaze maRali Tanamdebobis pirs aCerebs da

marTvis mowmobas sTxovs. moqalaqe Tavisi Tanamdebobis damadasture-
bel mowmobas uCvenebs. patrulis TanamSromeli ubralod afrTxilebs
moqalaqes, momavalSi igive darRveva ar gaimeoros da emSvidobeba.
z) qalaq X-Si raionuli sabWos Tavmjdomaris ZmisSvili muzeumis direq-

torad dainiSna.
T) beatra SeuTanxmda samSeneblo kompanias, rom Tu is raionSi saarCevno

kampanias daufinansebda, gamarjvebis SemTxvevaSi, kontraqtebs gau-
formebda da samSeneblo obieqtebs gadascemda.
i) biznesmeni mosamarTles restoranSi patiJebs. mas sagadasaxado kri-

minalSi adanaSauleben. mosamarTle restoranSi muqi saTvaliT Sedis,
rom veravin ver icnos.
k) ana eqims Sokoladebsa da vardebis Taiguls Cuqnis madlobis niSnad,

rom misi Svili gankurna.
l) klasma instruqtori unda airCios. gogonebs rouzis arCeva undaT, bi-

Webs ki piteris. gogonebi raodenobrivad oriT metni arian, vidre bi-
Webi. aqedan gamomdinare arCevnebis Sedegebis winaswar gansazRvra ukve

SeiZleba. biWebi ikribebian, msjeloben da gamosavals pouloben: isi-
ni or Tanaklasel gogonas miiwveven velosportsmenTa gundSi. gogo-
nebs idea Zalian moewonaT. ori dRis Sedmeg aRmoCndeba, rom arCevneb-
Si piterma gaimarjva.
m) enisa da literaturis maswavlebeli bavSvebs davalebad bevr samuSa-

os aZlevs. imisaTvis, rom proeqtisaTvis kargad moemzadon, moswav-
leebma uamravi ram unda waikiTxon saRamos da SabaT-kvirac sul meca-
dineobaSi unda gaataron. jenis deda maswavlebelTan sasaubrod mi-
dis. aravin icis raze saubroben isini, magram maTi Sexvedris Semdeg
jeni yvelaze iol da martiv davalebebs iRebs.
n) ojaxi sami wevrisagan Sedgeba – deda, mama da tomasi. isini garkveul

wesebs emorCilebian: magaliTad, WurWels rigrigobiT recxaven, xolo
tomass saRamoobiT televizoris yurebis uflebas ar aZleven. Wur-
Wlis garecxva, ra Tqma unda, aravis moswons, gansakuTrebiT mamas.
erTxel, rodesac deda saxlSi ar iyo, mamas ki WurWeli unda gaerecxa,
tomasma SesTavaza: `WurWels Sens magivrad gavrecxav, samagierod Sen
saRamos televizoris yurebis uflebas momcem.~ mama tomass daTanxmda.
Tema `me moqalaqe var~
avtori: eliana Jukauskene, Saulaiskis saSualo skolis maswavlebeli.
X klasi
saaTebis raodenoba: 3 saaTi
sagani: samoqalaqo ganaTleba
mizani da amocanebi
1. moswavleebma imsjelon samoqalaqo faseulobebsa da eTikur normebze;
2. moswavleebma iswavlon informaciis mopoveba, Sefaseba da gamoyeneba;
3. moswavleebma iswavlon damxmare, TvalsaCino saSualebebis Seqmna.
• Zaleckiene I. Mes: pilietines visuomenes pagrindai: vadovelis 10 kl. – Vilnius: Homo
liberr, 1999.
• litvis satelevizio gadacemebis masalebi, adgilobrivi publikacie-
bi, piradi, axloblebis da nacnobebis cxovrebiseuli gamocdileba.
• litvis respublikis specialuri gamoZiebis samsaxuris masalebi –
www. stt.lt
meTodebi: jgufebSi muSaoba, damoukidebeli samuSao, diskusia.
gakveTilisaTvis mzadeba: es ar unda iyos korufciisadmi miZRvnili pir-

veli gakveTili. moswavleebma ukve unda icodnen, Tu ra aris korufcia da
unda SeeZloT misi amocnoba.
I gakveTilis msvleloba
1. gakveTilis Tema dafaze iwereba;
2. formatze Camoiwereba da Semdeg ganixileba is mniSvnelovani norme-
bi, romelTa dacvac moswavleTa azriT moqalaqeebisaTvis aucilebe-
lia;
3. moswavleebi yvebian, romel samagido TamaSebs TamaSobdnen bavSvoba-
Si da romeli moswonT axlac;
4. eZlevaT davaleba: Seqmnan TamaSi, romelSic cxovrebiseuli realoba
aisaxeba – sxvadasxva situaciebi, swori da araswori, kargi da cudi
qmedebebi;
5. Tu TamaSis Tema konkretdeba, magaliTad `korufcia~, `kanondarRve-
va~, mieTiTeba wyaroebi, sadac damatebiTi informaciis mopoveba Se-
iZleba;
6. ganisazRvreba davalebis Sesrulebis vadebi da pirobebi. Cveulebriv,
samoqalaqo aRzrdas kviraSi erTi saaTi eTmoba. amitom, mizanSewoni-
lia, am davalebis Sesrulebas ori gakveTili daeTmos;
7. moswavleebi pirvel-meoTxeze gadaiTvlian (es damokidebulia klasSi
moswavleTa raodenobaze) da jgufebSi gadanawildebian;
8. jgufebi msjeloben ra tipis TamaSis Seqmnas apireben, esaWiroebaT Tu
ara raime damatebiTi informacia amisaTvis da samoqmedo gegmas amza-
deben;
9. moswavleebs Semdegi gakveTilisaTvis masalebis Segroveba evalebaT.
II gakveTilis msvleloba
1. jgufebi erTmaneTs masalebis Sekrebisa da momzadebis Sesaxeb gamoc-
dilebas uziareben;
2. moswavleebi jgufebSi qmnian TamaSs;
3. saSinao davaleba: daasrulon da gaaformon TamaSi.
III gakveTilis msvleloba

1. TiToeuli jgufi Tavis namuSevars warmoadgens: acxadebs TamaSis pi-
robebs, saubrobs im sirTuleebze, rac misi Seqmnis procesSi warmo-
iqmna;
2. jgufebi TamaSebs erTmaneTSi cvlian, cdiloben iTamaSon mis Semqmne-
lebTan erTad da erToblivad azusteben gaurkvevel detalebs;
3. gakveTili mTavrdeba diskusiiT – miRebuli gamocdileba, eTikuri da
samoqalaqo Rirebulebebi. dafaze kvlav ekvreba formati, romelzec
pirveli gakveTilis msvlelobisas Camoiwera faseulobebi da CamonaT-
valSi cvlilebebis Setana xdeba;
TamaSebi SeiZleba gamoviyenoT samoqalaqo aRzrdis gakveTilebze da-
bal klasebSic (magaliTad me-8 klasSi).
kavSiri antikorufciul ganaTlebasTan: muSaobis procesi xels uwyobs

moswavleebSi SemoqmedebiTi azrovnebis ganviTarebas da aswavlis maT masa-
lis moZiebas.
Tu teqnikuri mizezebis gamo TamaSis Seqmna ver moxerxda, moswavleebi
erTmaneTs gamocdilebas da ideebs uziareben.
Tema `TamaSi wesebis dacviT~
avtori: vaiva vaicekauskene, ganaTlebis ganviTarebis centris monitorin-

gis ganyofilebis ufrosi specialisti
X klasi
sagnebi: samoqalaqo ganaTlebis safuZvlebi, eTika.
miznebi: sxvaTa uflebebis pativiscema, analitikuri da kritikuli azrov-

nebis ganviTareba.
TvalsaCinoeba (damxmere masala)

I TamaSisaTvis
• ori erTnairi banqos Sekvra;
• qaRaldSi gadaxveuli kanfetebi, romelTa raodenoba 5-jer aRemate-
ba moTamaSeTa raodenobas;
• kanfetebisaTvis WurWeli;
• TamaSis wesebis CamonaTvali (qsero-aslebi);
II TamaSisaTvis
• ramdenime (raodenoba damokidebulia moTamaSeTa raodenobaze) erTna-
iri samagido `mogzaurobis~ tipis TamaSi, amdenive saTamaSo kamaTe-
li. TiTo cali unikaluri saTamaSo figura (magaliTad kvercxi - `qin-
der siurprizi~);
• TamaSis wesebis CamonaTvali da damkvirvebelTa instruqciebi.
meTodi: TamaSi-eqsperimenti, kritikuli analizi, saubari, diskusia.
ganmarteba: sinamdvileSi, pirvel TamaSs unda ewodos ùsamarTlo TamaSi~,

radganac masSi maswavlebeli usamarTlo pirobebs qmnis, xolo meoreSi we-
sebs Tavad moTamaSeebi amaxinjeben; es TamaSebi realuri cxovrebis imita-
cias qmnian, amitom maTSi mocemuli garemoebebi moswavleebisaTvis winas-
war cnobili ar unda iyos.
aRniSnuli TamaSebi SeiZleba gamoviyenoT motivaciis asamaRleblad, ga-
mowvevis etapze, radgan sainteresod warimarTos diskusia korufciis Te-
maze.
I TamaSi
1. TamaSisaTvis aucilebelia banqos erTi Sekvra. winaswar amoiReT yve-
la yvavi oris garda orianis, ise rom moswavleebma es ar SeamCnion da
SeavseT sxva kartebiT meore Sekvridan.
2. moswavleebi magidis garSemo dasviT, TiToeuls 5 kanfeti daurigeT
da gaafrTxileT, rom maTi Wama TamaSis dasrulebamde ar SeiZleba.
3. magidaze TamaSis wesebis ramdenime asli dadeT da instruqcia Tava-
dac waukiTxeT.
4. moilaparakeT, rodis dasruldeba TamaSi. magaliTad: garkveuli dro-
is gasvlis Semdeg, TamaSidan ramdenime moTamaSis `gavardnis~ SemTxve-
vaSi, an Tu yvela kanfeti magidis SuagulSi aRmoCndeba.
5. magidis centrSi dadeT banqos Sekvra, ise rom karti ar Candes (2 yva-
vis karti TavSi moaqcieT), miujeqiT magidas da TamaSi moswavleebTan
erTad daiwyeT.
6. TamaSis bolos gamoacxadeT, rom saukeTeso moTamaSe Tqven iyaviT, ga-
imarjveT da yvela kanfeti Tqven gekuTvniT. aiReT isini da araviTar
SemTxvevaSi ar daurigoT danarCenebs.
7. isaubreT TamaSze, Sedegebze, mis `reJisuraze~ da moTamaSeTa grZno-
bebze.
kiTxvebi diskusiisaTvis:
1. am TamaSs mkafio wesebi hqonda. iyo Tu ara wesebi samarTliani?
2. SeiZleba Tu ara Tavad TamaSi samarTlianad CaiTvalos? ganmarteT
Tqveni Sexeduleba.
3. rogor grZnobdiT Tavs TamaSis msvlelobis dros? rogor grZnobT
Tavs TamaSis dasrulebis Semdeg?
4. gagonebT Tu ara es TamaSi raimes realuri cxovrebidan? Tu gagonebT,
ras?
5. arRvevs Tu ara es TamaSi Tqvens uflebebs? Tu arRvevs, romels?
II TamaSi
1. klasi jgufebad dayaviT (TiToeul jgufSi moswavleTa Tanabari ra-
odenoba unda iyos). jgufSi erTi damokvirvebeli gamoyaviT.
2. jgufebs magidaze dauwyveT: TamaSis TiTo asli, saTamaSo kamaTeli,
figurebi.
3. moTamaSeebs instruqciebi daurigeT – naxevar jgufs varianti à~, me-
ore naxevars, varianti `b~. meTvalyureebsac gadaeciT TavianTi
instruqciebi.
4. wesebis gacnobis Semdeg, moswavleebs acnobeT, rom TamaSi daiwyon.
5. miuloceT jgufs, romelmac pirvelma daamTavra TamaSi, magram uTxa-
riT, rom Tqven isic gainteresebT, Tu ramden xanSi daasruleben Ta-
maSs danarCeni jgufebi. amitom maTac unda daelodoT.
6. rodesac yvela jgufi TamaSs daasrulebs, sTxoveT damkvirveblebs
Seajamon, Tu rogor icavdnen jgufebi wesebs. à~ variantSi wesebis
darRvevis faqtebi ufro mkacrad SeafaseT, vidre `b~ variantSi, vi-

naidan à~ variantSi isini akrZaluli iyo, xolo `b~ variantSi – nax-
senebic ar iyo.
kiTxvebi diskusiisTvis:
1. romeli jgufi unda gamocxaddes gamarjvebulad da ratom?
2. cxovrebaSi adamianTa jgufebi xSirad iswrafian miznisaken urTier-
Tkonkurenciis gziT. rogori konkurenciaa samarTliani da rogori
ara?
antikorufciul ganaTlebasTan kavSiri: konkurencia sazogado da Cata-

rebuli TamaSis wesebis darRvevis analogs warmoadgens. usamarTlo Tama-
Sis magaliTiT ufro advilia korufciis arsis ganmarteba da imis Cveneba,
Tu rogor irRveva adamianis uflebebi.
danarTi
TamaSis wesebi
TiToeuli moTamaSe rig-rigobiT iRebs erT karts. ra unda moimoqmedos Sem-

dgom damokidebulia imaze, Tu ra karti Sexvda:
guli – erTi kanfeti unda misces marjvniv mjom moTamaSes;

jvari – erTi kanfeti unda misces marcxniv mjdom moTamaSes;
aguri – kanfeti magidis centrSi mdgom WurWelSi unda Cados;
yvavi – SeuZlia ori kanfeti aiRos. Tu WurWeli Tavisufalia, SeuZlia ne-
bismieri moTamaSis kanfeti aiRos;
visac kanfetebi gauTavdeba TamaSs tovebs. Tumca, SeuZlia magidasTan dar-

Ces da daelodos, rodis miiRebs kanfets zemoT xsenebuli wesis mixedviT.
TamaSis bolos maswavlebeli acxadebs, rom is iyo saukeTeso moTamaSe da yve-

la kanfets Tavad iRebs.
gamarjvebulad iTvleba is moTamaSe, romelsac yvelaze meti kanfeti aqvs Ta-

maSis dasrulebis Semdeg.
TamaSi `mogzauroba~; varianti (a)

es Cveulebrivi samagido TamaSia: TiToeuli monawile kamaTels agorebs da
Tavis figuras imdeni nabijiT gadaadgilebs win, ramdeni qulac miiRo. Tu fi-
gura im mindorze aRmoCndeba, sadac miTiTebulia ukusvla, ukan brundeba. fi-
niSis mindorze figura maSin xvdeba, rodesac qulebis raodenoba im nabije-
bis raodenobas emTxveva, rac finiSamdea darCenili. Tu qulebi nabijebis ra-
odenobaze metia, figura gadaadgildeba finiSamde da ukan brundeba imdeni
nabijiT, ramdeni qulac iyo zedmeti.
TamaSi jgufebSi mimdinareobs. gamarjvebulad is gundi iTvleba, romelic yve-
la figuras finiSamde miitans.
gundis wevrebi kamaTels erTi da igive TanmimdevrobiT isvrian. Tanmimdev-
robis cvla dauSvebelia, Tu figurebis mdebareoba sxva moTamaSisaTvis xel-
sayrelia (magaliTad, mas ar dasWirdeba ukan dabruneba da maSinve moxvdeba
finiSis mindorze)
TamaSi `mogzauroba~; varianti (b)

odenobaze metia, figura gadaadgileba finiSamde da ukan brundeba imdeni na-
bijiT, ramdeni qulac iyo zedmeti.
gundis wevrebi kamaTels erTi da igive TanmimdevrobiT isvrian.
TamaSi `mogzauroba~; meTvalyuris instruqcia

odenobaze metia, figura gadaadgileba finiSamde da ukan brundeba imdeni na-
bijiT, ramdeni qulac iyo zedmeti.
gundis wevrebi kamaTels erTi da igive TanmimdevrobiT isvrian. Tanmimdev-
robis cvla dauSvebelia, Tu figurebis mdebareoba sxva moTamaSisaTvis xel-
sayrelia (magaliTad, mas ar dasWirdeba ukan dabruneba da maSinve moxvdeba
finiSis mindorze). Seni amocanaa – Tvalyuri adevno imas, Tu rogor srulde-
ba es moTxovnebi. amis gakeTeba rom SeZlo, kargad daimaxsovre, romeli figu-
riT TamaSobs TiToeuli moTamaSe. CainiSne TiToeuli darRveva.
Sen ar gaqvs ufleba CaerTo TamaSSi, gaakeTo komentarebi, SeniSvna misce
moTamaSes sityvierad, JestiT an mimikiT.
Tema `masobrivi sainformacio saSualebebi~
avtori: elena Jukauskene, Saulaiskis saSualo skolis maswavlebeli.
X klasi
saTebis raodenoba: 2 saaTi
miznebi da amocanebi: moswavleebi gaigeben masobrivi informaciis cnebas

da mis sainformacio funqciebs. gaecnobian informaciis mopovebis saSua-
lebebs. CamouyalibdebaT kritikuli damokidebuleba mopovebul informa-
ciaze.
TvalsaCinoeba (damxmare masala)

• litvis respublikis konstitucia.
• Zaleckiene I. Mes: pilietines visuomenes pagrindai: vadovelis 10 kl. –Vilnius: Homo
liberr, 1999.
• publikaciebi.
meTodebi: diskusia, dokumentebze damoukiudebeli muSaoba.
1. terminis – `masobrivi informaciis saSualebebi~ mniSvneloba dafaze
iwereba.
2. ganixileba:
a) masobrivi informaciis saSualebebis simboloebi (adamiani . . . xel-
Si) – moswavleebi amTavreben frazas.
b) masobrivi informaciis saSualebebis daniSnuleba (masalebi lit-
vis konstituciidan).
g) masobrivi informaciis saSualebebis funqciebi: sainformacio,
kulturuli da gasarTobi.
3. moswavleebi damoukideblad muSaoben masalebze.
4. moswavleebi ayeneben moTxovnebs: informaciisadmi (obieqturoba), Se-
mecnebiT-gasarTobi funqciebisadmi (dasveneba, axali ambebis gacno-
ba, idealebis da faseulobebis formireba, sulieri samyaros gamdid-
reba, sazogadoebrivi faseulobebis gacxadeba, dadebiTi magaliTebis
demonstracia da a. S.)
5. ganixileba masobrivi sainformacio saSualebebis saxeebi: presa, ra-
dio, televizia.
6. moswavleebi avseben kiTxvars (ix. danarTi).
7. eZlevaT saSinao davaleba: TiToeulma moswavlem unda moipovos aqtu-
aluri statia adgilobriv presaSi. davalebis Sesasruleblad eZle-
vaT erTi kvira.
1. ganixileba Sevsebuli kiTxvarebi da gamovlenili Sedegebi. ikveTeba
mniSvnelovani aspeqtebi da moswavleTa damokidebuleba masobrivi sa-
informacio saSualebebisadmi. ZiriTadi moTxovnebi dafaze iwereba:
obieqturoba, masobrivi sainformacio saSualebebis dominanturoba,
mniSvneloba, gadmocemis mxatvruli saxe da a. S.
2. moswavleTa mier SerCeuli statiebidan presis erTkviriani mimoxil-
va keTdeba.
3. gamoiyofa dominanturi Temebi da beWdviTi gamocemebi:
• qalaqis politika;
• sporti;
• saskolo cxovreba;
• axalgazrduli problemebi;
• kriminaluri qronika;
• kultura da ganaTleba;
• skandaluri isotriebi;
• sxva informaciebi.
4. vlindeba, ra ufro aRelvebs dRevandel axalgazrdobas. imarTeba dis-
kusia Temaze: `Cveni qalaqis presa~. SesaZlo kiTxvebi diskusiisaTvis:
• rogoria Cemi qalaqi;
• am kviris umniSvnelovanesi movlenebi;
• rogor xdeba informaciis miwodeba;
• obieqturoba qalaqis presaSi;
• presa korufciis winaaRmdeg (moyvanili magaliTebi);
• sazogadoeba: qalaqis cxovrebis monawile, Tu damkvirvbeli?
• ras virCev: presas, radios Tu televizias?
5. daskvnebi Tavad moswavleebs gamoaqvT: sajarooba korufciasTan
brZolis erT-erTi pirobaa.
antikorufciul ganaTlebasTan kavSiri: moswavleebi swavloben faqte-

bisa da movlenebis Sefasebas, gaanalizebas, SesaZlo Sedegebis gansazRvras.
msjeloben, rogor SeiZleba masobrivi sainformacio saSualebebiT koruf-
ciasTan brZola.
danarTi
`masobrivi sainformacio saSualebebi~
kiTxvari
1. ra dros uTmob dRis ganmavlobaSi presas, radios, televizias?
2. masobrivi informaciis saSualebebSi romels aniWeb upiratesobas?
3. romel gazeTebs kiTxulob?
4. romel radios usmen?
5. romel satelevizio arxebs uyureb?
6. masobrivi informaciis romeli saSualeba gaZlevs ufro amomwurav
informacias?
7. romeli radio an satelevizio gadacemaa SenTvis ufro saintereso?
8. rogori saxis informaciebs iReb am gadacemebidan?
9. endobi Tu ara miRebul informacias?
10. rogori damokidebuleba gaqvs TviTnebobisa da Zaladobis scenebis mi-

marT?
11. rogori satelevizio (an radio) gadacemebis naklebobas grZob?
12. aris Tu ara yvela informacia obieqturi?
13. daasaxele yvelaze obieqturi gadacema
14. daasaxele gadacema, romelic Sen ar mogwons
15. rogoria sazogadoebis roli masobriv sainformacio saSualebebSi:
aqtiuri (monawileobs, wers, diskutirebs), pasiuri (mxolod kiTxu-
lobs, Tvalyurs adevnebs).
16. ra rols asrulebs masobrivi sainformacio saSualebebi korufciis
gamovlenaSi?
17. SesaZlebelia Tu ara korufcia presaSi, televiziaSi, radioSi?
18. saWiroa Tu ara informaciis sajarooba?
19. daasaxele Seni yvelaze sayvareli Jurnalisti.
Tema `korufcia~
avtori: daiva vilaikene, ”aJuolinas~ saSualo skolis istoriis maswav-

lebeli.
X klasi
mizani da amocanebi: moswavleebma imsjelon korufciis cnebaze da misi

warmoqmnis istoriul pirobebze; gaaanalizon korufciis warmoqmnis mize-
zebi da Sedegebi; masTan brZolis meTodebi da saSualebebi; ganuviTardeT
kritikuli azrovneba.
damxmare masala: Teoriuli masala, ucxo sityvaTa leqsikoni.
meTodebi: aqtiuri leqcia, diskusia, jgufuri muSaoba.
1. gakveTilis dasawyisSi irkveva ra ician moswavleebma korufciisa da
misi arsis Sesaxeb. maswavlebeli informacias aqtiuri leqciis saxiT
awvdis. moswavleebs diskusiisaTvis Semdegi SekiTxvebi eZlevaT:
• SeuZlia Tu ara korufcias adamianis interesebis Selaxva?
• vlindeba Tu ara litvaSi korufciis faqtebi?
• SesaZlebelia Tu ara korufciis aRmofxvra?
2. moswavleebs davalebaT eZlevaT gaarkvion ojaxis wevrebis damokide-
buleba korufciis mimarT:
• romel sferoSi Warbobs korufcia?
• korufciasTan brZolis ra meTodebs gvTavazoben ufrosebi?
klasi jgufebad iyofa. TiToeuli jgufi furclebze wers ojaxSi Cata-
rebuli gamokiTxvis Sedegad miRebul informacias. mniSvnelovani mosazre-
bebi dafaze iwereba. amis Semdeg, xdeba profesiebis jgufebze gadanawileba
(magaliTad: eqimebis jgufi, mosamarTleebis jgufi da a. S.) moswavleebi jgu-
febSi msjeloben da SeimuSaveben aRniSnul sferoebSi korufciasTan brZo-
lis xerxebsa da saSualebebs. gakveTilis bolos jgufebi warmoadgenen pre-
zentaciebs da imarTeba argumentirebuli msjeloba.
antikorufciul ganaTlebasTan kavSiri: moswavleebi sakuTari, mSob-
lebisa da ufrosebis Sexedulebebis analizis safuZvelze, cdiloben gaar-
kvion ra aris korufcia da ra mohyveba mas Sedegad. gamoTqvamen sakuTar mo-
sazrebebs, argumentirebulad msjeloben da gamoaqvT daskvnebi.
Tema `korufcia litvaSi~
avtori: neringa bitkovene, kedainskis saSualo skolis maswavlebeli.
X klasi
miznebi:
1. moswavleebma gamoavlinon korufciis mizezebi litvaSi.
2. iswavlon sxvadasxva dokumentur wyaroze muSaoba.
• Ališauskiene R. Korupcija kaip pokomunistines visuomenes bruožas (Vilniaus universi-
tetas, “Baltijos tyrimai / GALLUP“).
• Trumpa U. Korupcijos šaknu šalinimas – efektyvios kovos su korupcija pagrindai
(moxseneba konferenciaze `marTvis reformebidan korufciasTan
efeqtur brZolamde~, vilniusi, 20 ivnisi 2001 w.)
• litvis korufciuli ruka, 2001
• davalebis baraTebi
• cxrili `korufciis aRqmis indeqsi TI, 2002~
• Skaistys A. Korupcijos poveikis nacionaliniam saugumui.
meTodebi: mcire jgufebSi muSaoba, eqspertiza.
1. moswavleebi 5 jgufad iyofian (3 wuTi).
2. maswavlebeli jgufebs statiebs da davalebis baraTebs urigebs. mos-
wavleebi warmodgenil masalebs ecnobian da davalebis baraTs avseben
(20 wT; ix. davalebis baraTi).
3. jgufebi TavianT namuSevrebs warmoadgenen da maT dafaze gamofenen

(10 wuTi):
I jgufi – korufciis monawileebi;
II jgufi – korufciis gamomwvevi mizezebi;
III jgufi – korufciis gamovlinebebi;
IV jgufi – xelisuflebasa da sazogadoebaSi yvelaze korumpirebuli
sferoebi;
V jgufi – korufciis donis Semcirebis saSualebebi;
4. maswavlebeli ganazogadebs masalas da moswavleebTan erTad ganixi-
lavs cxrils – `korufciuli aRqmis indeqsi TI, 2002~.
1. jgufebis mier Sesrulebuli samuSaoebis mokle mimoxilva (5 wuTi).
2. maswavlebeli jgufebs sTxovs Seavson cxrili `korufciis Sedegad mi-
Rebuli sargebeli da ziani~ (20 wT. ix. cxrili).
3. jgufebi sakuTar namuSevrebs warmoadgenen. maTi naazrevebiT ivseba
dafaze gakruli cxrili – `korufciis Sedegad miRebuli sargebeli
da ziani~ (10 wT.).
4. imarTeba diskusia: `korufcia sasargebloa, Tu mavne?~ (10 wT.).
I jgufi – vin ufro metad aris gareuli korufciaSi?
II jgufi – risTvis mimarTaven korufcias?
III jgufi – rogor da raSi vlindeba korufcia?
IV jgufi – romel sferoSia ufro metad gavrcelebuli korufcia?
V jgufi – rogor SevamciroT korufciis done?
danarTi
korufcia
korufciis Sedegad miRebuli sargebeli da ziani
vin? sargebeli ziani
materialuri moraluri materialuri moraluri
qrTamis gamcemi
qrTamis amRebi
saxelmwifo
sazogadoeba
Tema `ras warmoadgens TavisTavad korufcia?~
avtori: neringa botkovene, istoriis maswavlebeli; iurate blinstrubai-

te, istoriis maswavlebeli; violeta vaitkiaviCene, eTikis maswavlebeli.
X klasi
miznebi
1. korufciis monawileTa gamovlena – maTi miswrafebebi da qmedebebi;
2. TanamSromlobis unaris ganviTareba;
3. Sesaswavli movlenebis mizezebisa da Sedegebis gaazreba.
damxmare masala: flomasterebi da furclebi, dasarigebeli masala – `ko-

rufciis gansazRvreba~.
meTodebi: gonebrivi ieriSi
muSaobis forma: individualuri da jgufuri
1. maswavlebeli dafaze wers termins `korufcia~ da moswavleebs sTxovs
sakuTari azrebi gamoTqvan, ra asociaciebi gauCndaT korufciasTan
dakavSirebiT. maT naazrevebs dafaze afiqsirebs. (daaxloebiT 3 wT.).
2. amis Semdeg, moswavleebi 5-6 kacian jgufebad iyofian. maswavlebeli
maT flomasterebs da furclebs urigebs da sqemis Sevsebas sTxovs
(15 wT.).
k o r u f c i a
monawileebi
miswrafebebi, miznebi
qmedeba
Sedegi
3. jgufebi TavianT namuSevrebs warmoadgenen da prezentaciebs akeTe-

ben (daaxloebiT 10 wT.)
4. jgufebSi muSaoba: furclebze warmodgenili inrformaciis safuZvel-
ze formulirdeba korufciis arsi, monawileebi, maTi miznebi, qmede-
bebi da Sedegebi (daaxloebiT 5wT.).
5. maswavlebeli moswavleebs masalas urigebs – `korufciis gansazRvre-
ba~ da sTxovs, TavianTi namuSevrebi masalaSi mocemul gansazRvrebas
Seadaron.
6. gakveTilis bolos imarTeba diskusia (daaxloebiT 5 wT.).
Tema `TanamSromlis samsaxurSi miReba~

gis ganyofilebis ufrosi specialisti.
X klasi
sagani: samoqalaqo ganaTleba.
1. gairkves, Tu ra principebiT unda xdebodes samsaxurSi TanamSromlis
miReba;
2. moswavleebma siRrmiseulad gaiazron samarTlianobis da usamarTlo-
bis cnebebi.
damxmare masala:
• moTxroba `TiTqmis deteqtiuri istoria~;
• savarjiSo – `skolis pativcemuli direqtori~
meTodebi: dikusia, analizi, Txroba, mcire jgufebSi muSaoba.
1. moswavleebi jgufebSi kiTxuloben moTxrobas – `TiTqmis deteqtiu-
ri istoria~. kiTxvis dasrulebis Semdeg jgufis TiToeul wevrs Se-
uZlia gamoTqvas varaudi, Tu ra moxa sinamdvileSi, an dasvas kiTxve-
bi. maswavlebli maT mokled pasuxobs: `diax~, àra~, `sworia~ an àr aris
swori~. SesaZlebelia, aseve miniSnebebi misces:
• asaks, garegnobas, samoss da erovnebas araviTari mniSvneloba ara
aqvs;
• yvela kandidatma erTnairad kargad Seavso anketa;
• xelmZRvaneli arcerT kandidats ar icnobda.
moswavleebi iqamde fiqroben, sanam situacias ar gamoicnoben. Tu isi-
ni ver mivlen swor pasuxamde, maswavlebeli Tavad eubneba, ra moxda
sinamdvileSi.
2. dafaze Camoiwereba jgufebis mier warmoTqmuli yvela miniSneba da Ti-
Toeuli maTgani ganixileba:
• yvelaze metad raSi iyo eWvmitanili damsaqmebeli da dasaqmebuli?
• ra aris am eWvis safuZveli.
3. TiToeulma moswavlem unda:
a) Camoweros misTvis cnobili, an savaraudo xerxebi, romlebsac xel-
mZRvanelebi iyeneben TanamSromlis samuSaoze miRebis dros.
b) mocemuli nusxidan SearCios meTodebi, romlebiTac Tavad isargeb-
lebda, Tu samsaxurSi TanamSromlis miReba mouwevda.
g) imsjelos da SearCios, Tavad ra meTodebiTa da kriteriumebiT surs
miiRon samsaxurSi.
moswavleTa pasuxebi qvemoT warmodgenil cxrilSi iwereba (Sevseba Sua
svetidan iwyeba, marcxena da marjvena svetebSi ki mxolod radikalis
niSani iwereba)
b. me rom damsaqmebeli a. damsaqmeblebi axal g. samsaxurs rom

viyo, TanamSromels TanamSromlebs eZeben/ veZebde, visurvebdi,
Semdegnairad miviRebdi: iReben samsaxurSi...: miReba yofiliyo ...:
9 ..................... 9
.....................
.....................
.....................
.....................
.....................
.....................
.....................
4. moswavleebi jgufebSi nawildebian, kiTxuloben da Sevsebul cxrilebs

erTmaneTs ucvlian.
5. TiToeul jgufs davalebad eZleva Semdeg SekiTxvebs upasuxon:
• rogor unda xdebodes saxelmwifo samsaxurSi TanamSromlis miRe-
ba?
• unda gansxvavdebodes Tu ara saxelmwifo samsaxurSi da kerZo stur-
qturaSi samuSaoze miRebis procedurebi? ratom?
SekiTxvebze pasuxebs da TavianT argumenrtebs jgufebi mTel klass
warudgenen.
6. TiToeul moswavles maswavlebeli urigebs savarjiSos furcels – `pa-
tivcemuli direqti~ da anketis Sevsebas sTxovs.
savarjiSos daniSnulebaa – kritikuli TviTanalizi.
danarTi
TiTqmis deteqtiuri istoria
es ambavi XIX saukunis pirvel naxevarSi moxda. erT kacs muSaobis dawyeba
undoda patara dawesebulebaSi. gamocxadebuli vakansiis Sesaxeb infor-
macia gancxadebidan miiRo. rodesac xmaurian dawesebulebaSi mivida, mdi-
vanma mas anketa miawoda Sesavsebad da sTxova Tavis rigs dalodeboda.
mis win kidev oTxi kandidati ijda. moulodnelad, oriode wuTis Semdeg,
igi adga da xelmZRvanelis kabinetSi Sevida, ris Semdegac xelmZRvanelma
sxva kandidatebs acnoba, rom man TanamSromeli ukve aiyvana. kandidatebi
aRSfoTdnen. isini mxolod maSin damSviddnen, rodesac xelmZRvanelma
auxsna maT, Tu ratom SearCia swored es kandidati.
Tqveni azriT, ratom moxda ase?
pasuxi: es xmauriani dawesebuleba telegrafi iyo (es xom XIX saukunis pir-
veli naxevaria). xelmZRvaneli telegrafists eZebda. es adamiani erTa-
derTi aRmoCnda, romelmac aseT xmaurSi gaigo `morzes anbaniT~ gadmo-
cemuli cnoba: `mivmarTav misaRebSi msxdom kandidatebs! Tu gesmiT Cemi,
dauyonebliv SemodiT kabinetSi~. amgvarad, Semowmda kandidatis profe-
siuli unarebi.
savarjiSo: xSirad damsaqmebelebi TanamSromlebs samsaxurSi rekomenda-

ciebis safuZvelze iyvanen. warmoidgineT, rom erT mSvenier dRes, Tqveni sko-
lis direqtori aseT werils iRebs:
pativcemulo direqtoro,
Tqveni skolis yofili moswavle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . samuSaos

eZebs im kompaniaSi, romelsac me vxelmZRvanelob. CemTvis cnobilia, rom
axalgazrdebs ise kargad aravin icnobs, rogorc maTi maswavleblebi.
did daxmarebas gagviwevT, Tu ramdenime SekiTxvaze gvipasuxebT da am
axalgazrdas dagvixasiaTebT. Tqvns mier mowodebuli informacia kon-
fidencialuri iqneba da mxolod imisaTvis gamoviyenebT, rom obieqtu-
rad SevafasoT, ramdenad Seefereba kandidati am Tanamdebobas.
daxasiaTeba
ramdeni weli icnobdiT xsenebul pirs? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

rogor daaxasiaTebdiT mas? gTxovT, SemoxazoT Sesaferisi Tviseba da
Tqveni mosazreba daasabuToT:
a. patiosani/upatiosno
...............................................
b. Sromismoyvare/zarmaci.
...............................................
g. jgufSi muSaobis unari:

jgufSi yovelTvis kargad muSaobs/zogjer kargad muSaobs /
ver egueba jgufis wevrebs
d. jgufSi muSaobis wesebi (SeiZleba ramdenime pasuxi aRniSnoT):

a) exmareba sxvebs / ar exmareba
b) nerviulobs, wuxs, ganicdis saerTo samuSaos Sedegebs / wuxs mxo-
lod sakuTar warmatebaze / saerTod ar aRelvebs Sedegebi.
g) TanamSromlobs / konkurencias uwevs.
e. lideris Tvisebebi:
a) miiswrafvis xelmZRvanelobisaken / ara aqvs xelmZRvanelobisad-
mi midrekileba / zogjer liderobs.
b) SeuZlia saerTo saqmis da sxvisi pasuxismgeblobis sakuTar Tav-
ze aReba / ar iRebs pasuxismgeblobas sakuTar Tavze.
am anketis Sevsebisas ras dawerdnen Tqvenze maswavleblebi, an direqtori?

Tema `korufciasTan brZola~
avtori: daiva truCinske, anastasia baranuskasis aniSCaiskis saSualo sko-

lis istoriis maswavlebeli
gankuTvnilia: XI-XII klasebisaTvis
sagani: politologia
miznebi
1. moswavleebs gavacnoT korufciasTan brZolis meTodebi;
2. gavaanalizoT, rom TiToeul Cvenganzea damokidebuli korufciis
àyvavebis~ masStabebi;
3. vaswavloT, cxovrebaSi swori/marTebuli gadawyvetilebebis miReba.
damxmare masala
• Petkevičiute A. Shell kompanijos patirtis kovojant su korupcija (moxseneba
konferenciaze `marTvis reformebidan korufciasTan efeqtur
brZolamde~, vilniusi, 20 ivnisi 2001 w.)
• sqema – `korufciasTan brZolis gasaRebi~
meTodebi da muSaobis forma: dokumentebis damuSaveba, wyvilebSi muSaoba.
1. gakveTilis dasawyisSi moswavleebi ecnobian cnebebs: `kanoni~, `qrTa-
mi~, àrCeva~, `danaSauli~, `gamdidrebisaken swrafva~.
2. TamaSi: `gauziare megobars~ – moswavleebi or wres kraven da erTma-
neTis pirispir dgebian. wyvilebi erTmaneTSi ganixilaven cnebebs, ma-
galiTad, `qrTami~. terminis gansazRvris Semdeg, gare wre datrial-
deba da meore mewyvilesTan erTad sxva cneba ganixileba. wre iqamde
brunavs, sanam yvela cnebis ganxilva ar moxdeba.
3. TamaSis dasrulebis Semdeg moswavleebi, maswavlebelTan erTad, ganxi-
lul cnebebs ganazogadeben. maswavlebeli yuradRebas amaxvilebs im
faqtze, rom yvela ganxiluli termini dakavSirebulia `korufciis~ cne-
basTan. diskusiis Semdeg, dafaze korufciis gansazRvreba iwereba.
4. am gakveTilis Temaa - `korufciis winaaRmdeg brZola~, amitom udide-
si yuradReba eTmoba masTan brZolis saSualebebsa da meTodebs.
dokumentebze muSaoba
moswavleebi moxsenebas jgufebSi kiTxuloben da korufciasTan brZolis
saSualebebs adgenen.
moswavleebi ecnobian `kompania Sellis korufciasTan brZolis gamocdi-
lebas~:
`koncerni `Selli grupi~ samewarmeo saqmianobas msoflios 130 qveyanaSi
eweva <...> xangrZlivi moRvaweobis periodSi Sell-ma korufciasTan
brZolis politika SeimuSava <...>
kompaniaSi `wmendis~ Casatareblad Sell-is xelmZRanelobam, upirve-

lesad, biznes jgufis saerTo principebi aRadgina. isini gamoiyeneba ara-
marto kompaniis SigniT, aramed klientebTan, saxelmwifo organoebTan
da momwodeblebTan mimarTebaSic. <...>
ra principebia eseni? araferi gansakuTrebuli: momxmareblebs SesTa-
vazon momsaxurebis maRali done da xarisxiani produqcia, ar daarRvion
qveynis kanonmdebloba, daicvan aqcionerebis investiciebi, awarmoon ker-
Zo da `sufTa~ samewarmeo saqmianoba Tavisufali konkurenciis pirobeb-
Si, <...> aucilebelia, saTanadod gakontroldes, icaven Tu ara kompani-
is warmomadgenlebi dadgenil principebs.
yovelwliurad, TiToeuli muSaki valdebulia xeli moaweros samuSao
SeTanxmebas. agreTve, Sell-is biznes principebis darRvevis faqtebi xel-
mZRvanelobas acnobos.
1998 wels `Sell report~-is gamocema daiwyo. misi erT-erTi mTavari
mizania – ganxorcielebuli saqmianobebisa da sakuTar Tavze aRebuli mo-
veleobebis Sesaxeb Semajamebeli angariSi warmoadginos. <...> rogorc
ityobinebian, 2000 wels 400-mde qrTamis aRebis SemTxveva gamovlinda,
(1999 wels mxolod 3 SemTxveva dafiqsirda), ris Sedegadac samuSaodan
Svidi TanamSromeli daiTxoves. qrTamis odenobam 89 000 dolari Sead-
gina. bevria es Tu cota 130 qveynisa da 90 000 muSakisaTvis? . . .
kompaniaSi Catarebuli wmendis Semdegac ki advili ar aris daumtkico
sazogadoebas, rom korumpirebuli ar xar <...>. dRes, Svidi wlis moRva-
weobis Semdeg, Cven Tamamad SegviZlia ganvacxadoT, rom litvaSi SesaZ-
lebelia patiosani, eTikuri biznes principebis Tanaxmad muSaoba <...>.
martivi magaliTi: 1996-97 wlebSi, yoveldRiuri gazeTebi aWrelebuli iyo
statiebiT koncern “maJeikiu nafta~-s umoqmedobaze da benzingasamarT
sadgurebze sawvavis maragis Semcirebaze. erT diliT benzingasamarT sad-
gurze erT-erTi saxelmwifo moxele mivida ori oclitriani WurWliT da
xmamaRla gamoacxada, rom sawvavis Semowmebas apirebda. ras akeTebs am
dros benzingasamarTi sadguris xelmZRvaneli? yvelaze martivi iqnebo-
da WurWeli aevso da Tavazianad eTxova, sadguri ar SeemowmebinaT. am Sem-
TxvevaSi xelmZRvanelic mSviad aris da Semmowmebelic. Tumca, benzinga-
samarTi sadguris xelmZRvanelma mas TiTo litri Causxa (kargad icoda,
rom SemowmebisaTvis sakamarisi iyo erTi litri sawvavi) da mSvidad mois-
mina 15 wuTis ganamavlobaSi saxelmwifo moxelis xmamaRla gamoTqmuli
ukmayofileba da muqara, jarimis dakisrebis Taobaze. rogor fiqrobT,
dajarimda amis Semdeg `Sell litva~ sawvavis uxarisxobis gamo? ra Tqma
unda, ara. moindomebda is saxelmwifo moxele odesme imave benzingasamarT
sadgurze mibrunebas? ra Tqma unda, ara. xolo, Tu sadguris xelmZRvane-
li pirvel variants airCevda da orive WurWels piramde aavsebda, `xaris-
xis Semmowmebeli~ mas kidev araerTxel estumreboda.
kidev erTi magaliTi, `Sell grupis~ saqmianobidan. aziis erT-erT qve-
yanaSi, gazis warmoebis platformis mSeneblobis dawyebamde saWiro gax-
da Sveulmfrenis importireba, rac akrZaluli ar aris, radgan adgilze
misi daqiraevba rTulia. magram, aris kidev erTi niuansi: sabaJo samsaxur-
Si saSineli biurokratiaa – importirebamde aucilebeblia rigSi Cadgo-
ma da amis Semdeg, kidev sami Tve unda elodo dokumentebis gaformebas.
Sveulmfrenis Semotanamde ki ori Tvis lodini iqneboda saWiro. erTi

TviT Seferxeba 2 milioni dolaris zarals iwvevda. sabaJos moxeleebi-
sadmi pirveladma mimarTvam naTlad warmoaCina, rom damatebiTi safasu-
ris gareSe `rigi ufro swrafad~ ar amoZravdeboda. `gverdis avlisaT-
vis~ ki damatebiTi Tanxis gaReba praqtikulad SeuZlebeli iyo <...> ro-
gor SevuTanxmoT biznes-principebi saboloo Sedegebs? <...>
`Sell grupma~ problemis mogvareba patiosani gziT arCia. sabaJos
arcerTi moxele ar mousyidiaT, amitom Sveulmfrenis importi didxans
gagrZelda. saWiro gaxda zaralis oficialurad dafiqsireba. Tumca,
erTi detali ar unda daviviwyoT: im qveyanaSi `Sellis~ aqciebis 50%-s
saxelmwifo flobda. aqciebis aseTi Tanafardoba rogorc mogebis, aseve
zaralis Tanabrad gadanawilebas gulisxmobda. rogorc ki saxelmwifom
erTi milioniT izarala, maSinve daiwyo sabaJo sistemis reforma. naxeva-
ri wlis Semdeg, qveyanaSi sabaJo procedurebis gavla imdenad gamartiv-
da, rom saerTod aRar iyo saWiro rigSi Cadgoma <...>
dokumenturi masalis gacnobis Semdeg moswavleebi davalebas asruleben:

`korufciasTan brZolis gasaRebi~. isini `gasaRebis~ cariel ujrebSi kom-
pania `Sell~-is mier gamoyenebul, korufciasTan brZolis xerxebsa da me-
Todebs weren. bolos imarTeba diskusia.
eTika, fsiqologia, religia

Tema `piradi pasuxismgebloba – pasuxi ago sakuTar
da sxvebis qmedebebze~
avtori: ladas vaijulisi, eTikis maswavlebeli.
VI klasi
1. sakuTar qmedebebze da qcevebze pasuxismgeblobis aReba.
2. diskusiis warmarTvisa da argumentirebis unaris ganviTareba.
meTodebi: Txroba, saubari, diskusia.
damxmare masala
• Etika 5–6 klasei. Demesys kitiems. – Vilnius: Alma littera, 1997.
• saskolo istoriebi
ZiriTadi cnebebi: me-5-6 klasebis moswavleebisaTvis korufciis cneba Se-
iZleba nawilobriv Seicvalos Semdegi analogiebiT: `gamoyeneba~, `momsaxu-
rebis safasuri~, `dapireba~, `raimes molodini~, `maameblobis survili~.
maswavlebeli moswavleebs istorias mouTxrobs `gadaweraze~ (istoria exe-
ba gadaweras, gadaweraze nebarTvas, zewolas, raTa neba darTon, rom gadai-
weros da masTan dakavSirebul problemebs).
maswavlebeli moswavleebs SekiTxvebs usvams:
kargia es Tu cudi?
vin aris amaSi damnaSave?
SeiZleba orive damnaSave iyos?
vin aris ufro metad damnaSave?
riT SeiZleba es dasruldes?
risTvis iweren?
ratom rTaven gadaweris nebas?
diskusiis dros maswavlebeli cdilobs saubari Semdegi Temebisken mimar-
Tos: sasargeblo da saziano; sxavaTa `gamoyeneba~ raRacis gamorCenis miz-
niT; rogor ar davuSvaT, rom vinmem `gamogviyenos~. sabolood saubari imar-
Teba – ras niSnavs iyo sakuTar Tavze da sxvebze pasuxismgebeli.
Tema `Sinagani pirovnuli konfliqtebi~
avtori: regina dirginCene, maJeiskis saSualo skolis eTikis maswavlebeli.
VIII klasi
• moswavleebi gaecnobian, ra igulisxmeba cnebaSi - `Sinagani konfliqti~;
• gaiazreben, rogor unda daZlion Sinagani konfliqtebi;
• CauRrmavdebian sakuTar pirovnul Tvisebebs, survilebsa da Sinagan
konfliqtebs;
• gaaanalizeben Sinagan pirovnul konfliqtebsa da korufciis movle-
nas Soris urTierTkavSirs.
damxmare saSualebebi
• Dirginčiene R., Saulyte A. Bendravimo etika: mokomoji knyga 8 klasei. – Šiauliai: K.
J. Vasiliausko im., 2003, ńňp. 105–106.
• Dirginčiene R., Saulyte A. Bendravimo etika: pratybu sąsiuvinis 8 klasei. – Šiauliai, K.
J. Vasiliausko im. 2003, ńňp. 78–80.
meTodebi: aqtiuri leqcia, diskusia, roluri TamaSi.
moswavleebi ecnobian cnebas – `Sinagani konfliqti~. ician, Tu ra igulis-
xmeba mocemul gamoTqmaSi, kamaToben (an marTaven diskusias), Tu rogor xsni-
an TavianT Sinagan konfliqtebs, gaiTamaSeben situaciebs, romelSic saWi-
roa mxari dauWiro Sinagani konfliqtis erT-erT mxares, ganmartaven saku-
Tari arCevanis motivs. gakveTilze Semdegi situaciebi ganixileba:
`moswavles amerikaSi gamgzavreba surs, risTvisac mas viza esaWiroeba. arse-
bobs ori varianti:
a. moswavle midis saelCoSi da yvela wesis dacviT cdilobs vizis mi-
Rebas, Tumca ar icis gamouva Tu ara es;
b. moswavle qrTams aZlevs konsuls da garantirebulad iRebs vizas.
moswavleebi samuSao rveulSi asruleben davalebas.
ganzogadeba: aRniSnuli gakveTili moswavleebs exmareba ukeT gaiazron sa-

kuTari pirovnuli Taviseburebebi, iseTebic ki, romlebsac isini naklebad
aqceven yuradRebas an saerTod uaryofen.
antikorufciul ganaTlebasTan kavSiri: `Sinagani konfliqtis~ Temis gan-

xilvisas moswavleebi arkveven korufciasTan damokidebulebas.
Tema `rogor vTqvaT – àra~
avtori: regina dirginCene, maJeiskis saSualo skolis eTikis maswavlebeli.
VIII klasi
• moswavleebma gaacnobieron, ratom uWirT adamianebs uaris Tqma;
• gaiazron ras grZnoben adamianebi, rodesac uars eubnebian;
• CauRrmavdnen sakuTar Tavs (aseve Tanaklaselebs);
• gaarkvion sakuTari damokidebuleba korufciasTan mimarTebaSi, iswav-
lon uaris Tqma.
damxmare masala
• Dirginčiene R., Saulyte A. Bendravimo etika: mokomoji knyga 8 klasei. – Šiauliai: K.
J. Vasiliausko im., 2003, gv. 80–82.
• Dirginčiene R., Saulyte A. Bendravimo etika: pratybu sąsiuvinis 8 klasei. – Šiauliai: K.
J. Vasiliausko im. 2003, gv. 60–62.
meTodebi: aqtiuri leqcia, roluri TamaSi, diskusia, dausrulebeli wina-

dadebebis meTodi.
muSaobis forma: jgufuri
aqtiuri leqciis arsi: moswavleebs avuxsanT, rom àra~-s Tqma niSnavs gaaZ-
liero Sinagani damoukidebloba, iyo iseTi, rogoric sinamdvileSi xar. gak-
veTilze ganixileba iseTi situaciebi, romlis drosac adamianebs uaris Tqma
uWirT. maswavlebeli moswavleebs ganumartavs, ras niSnavs àra~-s mdgoma-
reoba. saxemZRvanelodan davalebebi sruldeba:
a) àra~-s mdgomareoba;
b) rogor vTqvaT uari;
g) àra, ar SeiZleba!~
davalebis antikorufciul TematikasTan adaptaciis mizniT, Semdegi si-
tuaciebi ganixileba:
`minda maTematikaSi gamocda warmatebiT Cavabaro. sakmarisi codna ar
maqvs, amitom gamocdis win maswavlebels saCuqars mivutan. ara! ar SeiZleba,
es xom qrTamia~.
moswavleebi davalebas samuSao rveulSi asruleben. gakveTilis bolos
tests avseben.
ganzogadeba: varkvevT, SegviZlia Tu ara ùaris~ Tqma, advilia Tu ara amis

gakeTeba.
antikorufciul aRzrdasTan kavSiri: irkveva piradi da sxvebis damoki-

debuleba korufciasTan mimarTebaSi. vswavlobT, rogor unda vuTxraT ko-
rufcias ùari~.
Tema `profesiis arCeva~

gis ganyofilebis ufrosi specialisti.
IX-X klasebi
sagani: eTika, fsiqologia (SeiZleba gamoviyenoT klasgareSe muSaobis

drosac)
1. gairkves is kriteriumebi, romelTa gaTvaliswinebiTac moswavleebi
sakuTar karierul zrdas gegmaven;
2. Sefasdes da ganisazRvros profesiis/samuSaos arCevis kriteriumebi.
damxmare masala
dasarigebeli masala (ix. danarTi).
meTodebi: diskusia, debatebi.
1. maswavlebeli moswavleebTan erTad saubrobs profesiis arCevaze (mas-
wavleblis Sexedulebisamebr, konteqstis gaTvalisdwinebiT);
2. moswavleebs urigdeebaT samuSaos arCevis kriteriumebi da davale-
ba 1, 2;
3. pirvel davalebas moswavleebi individualurad asruleben, ris Sem-
degac klasSi diskusia imarTeba;
4. me- 2 davalebis individualurad Sesrulebis Semdeg xdeba Sedegebis
Sejereba, anu:
• testis mixedviT moswavleebi iTvlian qulebis jams (ramdeni qula
daagrova TiToeulma maTganma);
• sadac ufro naklebi qula dagrovda, miT ufro metia samuSaos mniS-
nveloba.
• maswavleblis xelmZRvanelobiT xdeba Sedegebis ganxilva.
5. moswavleebs mesame davaleba eZlevaT, romelic individualurad
sruldeba. magaliTad: me mainteresebs; yvelaze ukeT gamomdis...; min-
da imdeni gamovimuSao, rom ...; cxovrebas azri aqvs maSin, rodesac . . . ~
cxrilis Sevsebamde, sruldeba davaleba `ra xdis cxovrebas Rirseuls
imisaTvis, rom icxovro?~
6. `debatebi sahaero burTiT frenis dros~. am savarjiSos amocanaa –
moswavleebma Seadaron TavianTi arCeuli profesia sxvebis mier arCe-
uls, daasabuTon sakuTari arCevani, moiyvanon argumentebi. moswav-
leebi irCeven maTTvis Sesaferis profesias da Semdeg SekiTxvebze pa-
suxoben:
• ratom momwons es profesia?
• ra sargebloba moaqvs mas sxva adamianebisa da sazogadoebisaTvis?
moswavleebi 5 kacian jgufebad iyofian. maswavlebeli sTxovs, warmo-

idginon, rom TiToeuli jgufi sahaero burTiT mifrinavs, romelic
Zalze dabla eSveba. masSi mxolod erTi adamiani unda darCes. es ada-
miani is moswavle iqneba, romelic SeZlebs danarCenebs daumtkicos,
rom mas, rogorc garkveuli profesiis warmomadgenels, ufro meti
sargeblobis motana SeuZlia. TiToeul monawiles sasaubrod 4 wuTi
eZleva. SeTanxmebis gziT Tanaklaselebi gadawyveten 5 mgzavridan ro-
meli unda darCes sahaero burTSi.
7. savarjiSos dasrulebis Semdeg klasSi imarTeba diskusia:
• ra gavige Cemi megobrebis Sesaxeb?
• axali ra aRmovaCine sakuTar TavSi?
antikorufciul ganaTlebasTan kavSiri: prokorufciuli damokidebu-
leba pirdapirkavSirSia Sromis eTikasTan, razec, Tavis mxriv, gavlenas
axdens TanamSromelTa motivacia. es Tema maswavlebels saSualebas aZlevs
ukeT gaigos, ra motivebiT gegmaven moswavleebi sakuTar karierul zrdas
da saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi, maT gegmebSi koreqtireba Seitanos.
danarTi
davaleba 1. qvemoT CamoTvlili kriteriumebidan, romels gaiTvaliswineb-
diT samuSaos, an profesiis arCevisas?
fiqrob Tu ara moZebnoT iseTi samsaxuri, sadac:
a. SenTvis saintereso saqmiT iqnebi dakavebuli;
b. bevri axalgazrda, sasiamovno adamiani muSaobs;
g. `kargad ixdian~;
d. cota samuSaoa;
g. xangrZlivi Sesvenebebia da mokle samuSao kviraa;
e. muSaobis procesSi mudmivad unda iswavlo (izruno profesiul ganvi-
Tarebaze);
v. xelmZRvanelebi sasiamovno adamianebi arian;
z. samuSao Sens SesaZleblobebsa da unarebs Seesabameba;
T. kargadaa mowyobili samuSao garemo;
g. SeiZleba damatebiTi Semosavalic gqondes.
davaleba 2. prioritetebis mixedviT daalageT is mizezebi, romelTa ga-

moc adamianebi samuSaos arCeven. danomreT, yvelaze mniSvnelovanidan
umniSvnelosaken.
...... materialurad uzrunvelyo Senze damokidebuli adamianebi;
...... Seqmna raRac kargi, rasac mniSvneloba aqvs Seni qveynisaTvis;
...... gaxde pativcemuli, aRiarebuli, avtoriteti;
...... imuSao Seni mowodebiT;
...... Seiqmna martivi, sasiamovno cxovreba;
...... daicva ojaxuri tradicia, gaamarTlo mSoblebis molodini;
...... uwyvetad izruno profesiul zrdaze.
sxva (CawereT) ............................................................................................................
gTxovT, argumentebiT gaamyaroT Tqveni arCevani:

.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
davaleba 3. samuSaos/profesiis arCevisas oTxi ZiriTadi kriteriumi ga-

moiyeneba: interesi, SesaZlebloba/unari, Semosavali, arsi. aRniSnuli
kriteriumebis gamoyenebamde, aucilebelia Tavad gaarkvioT ra gainte-
resebs – risi keTeba an Sesruleba SegiZlia kargad; rogori Semosavali
ginda gqondes; ra Zens Sens cxovrebas azrs.
me mainteresebs yvelaze ukeT ga- minda imdeni ga- cxovrebas azri

momdis movimuSao, rom: aqvs, rodesac:
................................. ................................. ................................. .................................

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................................. ................................. ................................. .................................
................................. ................................. ................................. .................................
airCieT da CamowereT ramdenime profesia an saqmianobis saxe. SeafaseT

isini cxrilSi mocemuli kriteriumebis mixedviT.
profesia/ interesi SesaZleblo- Semosavali arsi

saqmianoba bebi
......................... ......................... ......................... ......................... .........................

......................... ......................... ......................... ......................... .........................
......................... ......................... ......................... ......................... .........................
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......................... ......................... ......................... ......................... .........................
......................... ......................... ......................... ......................... .........................
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......................... ......................... ......................... ......................... .........................
risTvis Rirs cxovreba?

davaleba. Tqveni azriT, qvemoT CamoTvlili punqtebidan, risTvis Rirs
cxovreba? SearCieT da prioritetebis mixedviT daalageT:
...... adamianebs Soris urTierToba;
...... danazogi, saxli, koleqcia;
...... raRacis Seqmna, gamogoneba;
...... gvaris gagrZeleba;
...... mogzauroba, aRmoCenebis gakeTeba;
...... is, rom viRacas uyvarxar;
...... cnobadoba, avtoriteti;
...... sxvadasxva interesi (kompiuteri, manqana, magnitofoni, velosipe-
di da a. S.)
. . . . . . samyaros mSveniereba;
. . . . . . rwmena da maradiuloba.
Tema `survilebi da moTxovnilebebi~
avtori: graJina grigonene, eleqtrenes àJolinasis~ saSualo skolis eTi-

kis maswavlebeli
VIII-IX klasi
1. moswavleebma gaarkvion, riT gansxvavdeba moTxovnileba survilisagan.
2. ganixilon moTxovnilebisa da survilis realizaciis SesaZlo xerxebi.
3. gaaanalizon, ras niSnavs survilsa da moTxovnilebas Soris arakeTil-
sindisieri kavSiri da ras niSnavs, rodesac samsaxureobrivi Tanamde-
bobiT sargeblob.
meTodebi: aqtiuri leqcia, situaciis analizi.
aqtiuri leqcia (10 wT)
maswavlebeli moswavleebs awvdis garkveul gansazRvrebebs survilebsa
da moTxovnilebebze, klasificirebas axdens da ganixilavs maTi realize-
bis SesaZlo xerxebs.
davaleba 1: moswavleebi adgenen survilebisa da moTxovnilebebis sias

(TiToeulma moswavlem 10 survili unda Camoweros, romlebic maT mniS-
vnelovnad miaCniaT). davalebis Sesrulebis Semdeg, TiToeuli moswav-
le misTvis mniSvnelovan survils asaxelebs. maswavlebeli am survilebs
dafaze Camowers. moswavleebi dafaze Camoweril nusxas moTxovnilebe-

bisa da survilebis mixedviT ajgufeben. maTi azri SeiZleba yovelTvis
ar eTanxmebodes erTmaneTs. aseT SemTxvevaSi SeiZleba gaimarTos dis-
kusia.
SekiTxvebi diskusiisaTvis:
1. riT gansxvavdeba erTmaneTisagan moTxovnileba da survili?
2. ratom aris mniSvnelovani sxva adamianebis moTxovnilebebze yuradRe-
bis miqceva?
3. aris Tu ara fuli moTxovnileba (an survili)?
4. rogor aris dakavSirebuli moTxovnilebebi da survilebi arakeTil-
sindisierebasTan, samsaxureobrivi mdgomareobiT sargeblobasTan da
sxva.
maswavlebeli moswavleTa pasuxebs ganazogadebs, ufro Rrmad aanalizebs
moTxovnilebebisa da survilebis kavSirs arakeTilsindisierebasTan, sam-
saxurebrivi mdgomareobiT sargeblobisas.
davaleba 2: savarjiSo – `situaciebis tomara~. moswavleebi jgufebSi mu-

Saoben. maswavlebeli calkeul furclebze sxvadasxva situacias aRwers
da patara tomaraSi alagebs. moswavleebi tomridan TiTo furcels iRe-
ben da mocemul situacias jgufSi ganixilaven, problemis gadaWris gzebs
saxaven. magaliTad:
1. Zalian minda prestiJul skolaSi vswavlobde, magram ar miReben, rad-
gan dabali qulebi maqvs. ra vqna? sad veZebo daxmareba? vin SeZleba
damexmeros?
2. Cveni skolis yvelaze warmatebul moswavleebs SeuZliaT sazafxulo
ardadegebze sazRvargareT bankSi gaemgzavron. me erTi qula maklde-
ba, rom warmatebulTa siaSi movxvde. ra vqna? maqvs Tu ara Sansi banak-
Si gavemgzavro?
3. mamaCemis manqaniT megobrebi diskotekaze waviyvane. gzaze policiam
gagvaCera. marTvis mowmoba jer ar amiRia. maqvs Tu ara Sansi am situa-
ciidan Tavi daviZvrino? Tu ukeTesia pasuxismgebloba sakuTar Tavze
aviRo?
maswavlebelma SesaZloa moswavleebs sTxovos, Tavad moifiqron situa-
ciebi, romlebic Semdeg mTel klasTan erTad ganixileba.
meore gakveTilis Semdeg maswavlebeli moswavleTa mier warmoTqmul mo-
sazrebebs ganazogadebs.
Tema `Rirseuli, kargi cxovrebis cneba~
avtori: graJina grigonene, elektrenis saSualo skolis eTikis maswav-

lebeli.
IX-X klasebi
xangZlivoba: 2 saaTi
1. moswavleebma gaaanalizon, riT gansxvavdeba cxovreba `kargi cxovre-
bisagan“.
2. imsjelon, kargi da patiosani cxovrebis normebisa da principebis Se-
saxeb.
3. gaanalizon, socialuri pirobebis gaumjobesebiT, rogor aumjobesebs
adamiani cxovrebis dones.
4. Camoayalibon da gansazRvron Rirseuli cxovrebis cneba.
meTodebi: diskusis, analizi.
1. moswavleebma saxlSi unda daweron Txzuleba – `rogor vicxovrebdi~,
an `Cemi cxovreba 20 wlis Semdeg~. maswavlebeli ramdenime moswavles
Txzulebas akiTxebs, xolo danarCenebi Tanaklaselis azrebs aanali-
zeben.
2. maswavlebeli baltrusa dagilisas (namdvili gvaria k. lakiackasi)
azrebs kiTxulobs: àdamiani TiTqos xea, romelsac Tavadac SeuZlia
aRmocendes (gaizardos), magram movlis gareSe mJave, momwaro, uvargis
nayofs iZleva; imisaTvis, rom misgan tkbili nayofi miviRoT, saWiroa
dargva, damynoba, zedmeti totebis moWra, mrude rom ar gaizardos –
sabjenze mimagreba, morwyva . . . ~ maswavlebeli am sityvebis arss xsnis.
3. davaleba 1: TiToeuli moswavle furcelze 9 mniSvnelovan sagans xa-
tavs. Semdeg, sam naklebmniSvnelovans amoSlis. darCeba 6 sagani. kar-
gad dafiqrdeba da Semdeg kidev 3 sagans waSlis. ase agrZeleben manam,
sanam erTi, yvelaze mniSvnelovani, sagani ar darCeba. TiToeuli maT-
gani sakuTar naxats uCvenebs Tanaklasels. es savarjiSo moswavleebs
sakuTari Tavis da sxvebis ukeT amocnobaSi exmareba. savarjiSos da-
sasruls moswavleebi msjeloben TavianT miswrafebebze da miznis miR-
wevis gzebsa da saSualebebze. maswavlebeli marTavs diskusias Seki-
Txvaze: yvela xerxi da saSualeba amarTlebs Tu ara mizans?
4. davaleba 2: maswavlebeli moswavleebs aZlevs CamonaTvals (rasac
ufrosebi xSirad eZeben):
• kargi sabavSvo baRi, an ZiZa;
• prestiJuli skola;
• Sesaferisi profesia;
• sasargeblo kavSirebi;
• kargi bina;
• ekonomiuri manqana (CamonaTvali SeiZleba gaizardos);
imarTeba diskusia Temaze – ratom xdeba ase?
moswavleebi TavianT azrebs gamoTqvamen – ra surT, risken miiswraf-
vian, ra sWirdebaT, rogor SeuZliaT TavianTi miznebis miRweva, ra sa-
Sualebebi SeiZleba gamoiyenon amisaTvis.
maswavlebeli exmareba moswavleebs Rirseuli cxovrebis cnebis Camo-
yalibebaSi.
5. davaleba 3: maswavlebeli moswavleebs andazebs, gamonaTqvamebs, igav-
arakebsa da Tqmulebebs uyveba, moswavleebma ki unda ganmarton, ro-
gor esmiT isini. magaliTad: `xeli xels bans~, `ZaRli ZaRlis tyavs ar
daglejs~, `vaSli xidan Sors ar vardeba~, `wyali qvas lesavs~, `rasac
dasTes, imas moimki~, `cxovrebisgan iReb imdens, ramdensac Cadeb~.
maswavlebels saubari SeumCnevlad miyavs antikorufciuli Temati-
kisaken, raTa moswavleebma am TvalsazrisiT ganixilon andazebi da
imsjelon.
Tema àltruizmi, egoizmi~
avtori: griJina grigonene, elektrenskis saSualo skolis eTikis maswav-

lebeli.
IX-X klasebi
1. cnebebis – ègoizmi~ da àltruizmi~ gaanalizeba;
2. altruistisa da egoistis Tvisebebis gansazRvra;
3. altruizmis propaganda.
meTodebi: `badis qsova~
muSaobis forma: wyvilebSi muSaoba
gakeTilis msvleloba
maswavlebeli ganazogadebs àltruizmis~ da ègoizmis~ cnebebs. axsenebs
litvis kulturis cnobil moRvawe-altruistebs: simonas daukantas (`Ra-
taki Tagvi~), kazimeras buga (enisaTvis `Tavdaviwyebuli~), maria piaCkauska-
ite – Satriesi ragana (mfarvelobda oblebs, brZola umecrebasTan, iyo zne-
obis mqadagebeli) da sxva. maswavlebeli xazs usvams im garemoebas, rom sxve-
bis daxmareba – keTilSobilebaa, magram altruizmi ar unda iyos gauazre-
beli, auwonavi da usazRvro, radgan am qvelmoqmedebis Sedegad mimRebi Se-
iZleba `parazitad~ iqces da miRebuli sikeTe borotad gamoiyenos. moswav-
leebs iseTi warmodgena unda SeeqmnaT, rom egoizmi TviTgadarCenis instiq-
tiT warmoiqmneba, rom admianis sicocxle ar aris usafrTxo da usafrTxoe-
bis pirobebi maT Tavad unda Seqmnan. maswavlebeli ganmartavs, rom zneob-
rivi principebidan gamomdinare, adamianis sakuTar Tavze zrunva, swrafva,

rac SeiZleba bevri gamoimuSaos da SeZlebulad icxovros dasaZraxi ar aris,
magram problema SemdegSi mdgomareobs: am miznis misaRwevad nawilobriv xde-
ba nebismieri dasaSvebi normis darRveva.
davaleba 1: vxatavT `bades~. moswavleebi wyvilebSi muSaoben, furclis

centrSi weren sityvebs: ègoisti~ da àltruisti~, Camoweren rac SeiZ-
leba bevr sityvas, romlebic, ase Tu ise, dakavSirebulia am cnebasTan da
xazebiT aerTeben. Semdeg, sityvebs Soris kavSirs eZeben da maT ise aer-
Teben, rogorc marTebulad miaCniaT. ase iqmneba bade. TiToeuli wyvili
kalss sakuTar bades warudgens. amis Semdeg dafaze SeiZleba saerTo bade
daixazos. moswavleebma altruistisa da egoistis SedarebiT unda gamo-
avlinon maTi msgavsi wyvili. SesaZlebelia, moswavleebs situaciebi Ses-
TavazoT, romlebic maT saSualebs miscems gaaarkvion, Tu ras warmoad-
genen korumpirebuli Cinovnikebi: egoistebs Tu altruistebs.
1. ojaxSi, mSoblebi, TavinTi STamomavlebis keTildReobisaTvis Tavgan-
wirviT iRwvian, magaram bavSvi umaduri, egoisti da mSoblebze damo-
kidebuli izrdeba. ratom xdeba ase?
2. ratom aris dRes ase mniSvnelovani, rom TiToeulma adamianma, rogorc
kacobriobis nawilma, msoflio moqalaqed igrZnos Tavi da Tavisi moR-
vaweobiT mTeli kacobriobis interesebi daicvas?
maswavlebeli moswavleebis mier gamoTqmul azrebs ganazogadebs.
davaleba 2: moswavleebi damoukideblad ayalibeben cnebebs àltruiz-

mi~ da ègoizmi~. saukeTeso formulirebebi dafaze iwereba.
Tema `samarTlianoba~
avtori: iurgita valuntonene, pitras vileiSisis saxelobis gimnaziis eTi-

kis maswavlebeli.
X klasi
miznebi da amocanebi: samarTlianobis, rogorc Rirebulebis, cnebis ga-

azreba. moswavleebma ganixilon samarTlianobis ZiriTadi principebi, gaaa-
nalizon, Tu rogor Seicvala samarTlianoba uZvelesi egviptidan dRemde.
meTodebi: Sedareba, analizi, jgufebSi muSaoba, wyaroebze muSaoba.
1. ganixileba samarTlianobis, rogorc Rirebulebis, cneba;
2. ganixileba samarTlianoba, rogorc pirovnuli Tviseba;
3. moswavleebi ixseneben samarTlianobis simbolos (Temida).
4. rogor fasdeba zogierTi adamianis ukanono qmedeba? ra ewodeba sa-

xelmwifo moxelis ukanono qmedebas? ra aris korufcia da raSi vlin-
deba is?
5. maswavlebeli moswavleebs TamaSs sTavazobs: `gubeSi Cagdebuli qva~
an `sityvebis jaWvi~. SemTxveviT an specilurad SerCeuli sityva axal
asociaciebs iwvevs (saxeebi, mogonebebi, ocnebebi). maswavlebeli sTa-
vazobs jgufis wevrebs sityvebiT grZeli matarebeli aawyon, romlis
TiToeuli vagonic calkeuli sityvisagan Sedgeba. sityvebi erTmaneT-
Tan urTierTkavSirSi unda iyvnen.
TamaSi `sityvebis jaWvi~

maswavlebeli pirvel vagons ayenebs da masTan erTad ambobs: `rogoria
korufcia?~ (ayenebs vagons `korufcia~)
jgufis wevrebi: `binZuri~, `fuliani~, ùsamarTlo~ (SeiZleba sami vago-
nis dayeneba).
maswavlebeli: `ra SeiZleba iyos binZuri?~.
jgufis wevrebi: `sindisi~, `perangi~, àzri~.
maswavlebeli: `rogori SeiZleba iyos azri?~ (warmoiTqmeba bolos naxse-
nebi sityva).
jgufis wevrebi: `Rrma~, `naRvliani~, `lamazia~, `frTiani~ . . .
TamaSi òrwevriani fantaziebi~

magidaze baraTebi awyvia (suraTebiT qveviT). TiToeul baraTze xatia tan-
sacmeli, cxovelebi an sxva. jgufis wevri grovidan erT baraTs iRebs da
Tanaklaselebs uCvenebs. maswavlebeli moswavleebs sTxovs, erTi an ram-
denime sityviT gamoxaton is, rac baraTebzea gamosaxuli. roca bavSvebi
Sesabamis sityvas igoneben, magaliTad `fuli~ da `cixe~ SeiZleba maswav-
lebelma sTxovos, SeTxzan ambavi. mogonili winadadeba - àdamiani, ro-
melmac ukanonod aiRo fuli, cixeSi aRmoCnda~ - SeiZleba kidev ganiv-
rcos. moswavleebs SeuZliaT nebismieri sityvaTSeTanxmeba airCion da sa-
kuTari ambavi moigonon.
Tema `fuli~
avtori:
iurgita valungotonene, piatras vileinSis saxelobis pasvalskis gimna-
ziis eTikis maswavlebeli.
X klasi
mizani: moswavleebma gaiazron materialuri interesebisa da pirovnebis gan-

viTarebis harmoniuli Serwymis aucilebloba.
amocanebi
1. gaaanalizon, rogor saqcils vuwodebT moralurs da amoralurs;
2. ganixilon biznesis eTikuri aspeqtebi;
3. ganixilon sazogadoebisaTvis korufciiT miyenebuli ziani;
meTodebi: Sedareba, analizi, wyaroebze muSaoba;
1. ganixileba moraluri da amoraluri qcevis principebi;
2. mimdinareobs msjeloba Semdeg sakiTxze: SeuZlia Tu ara adamianma Tavi
usafrTxod igrZnos ekonomikurad daucvel saxelmwifoSi?
3. maswavlebeli Semdeg SekiTxvebs svams: rogor fasdeba zogierTi ada-
nianis ukanono qmedeba? ra ewodeba saxelmwifo moxelis ukanono qme-
debas? ra aris korufcia, rogor vlindeba is? SeiZleba korifciul
qmedebas moraluri vuwodoT? ratom fiqrobT ase?
moswavleebi 5 jgufad iyofian da Semdeg davalebas asruleben:

CamowereT:
• xuTi Tviseba, romelic Tqveni azriT, moralurobas axasiaTebs;
• xuTi Tviseba romelic, Tqveni azriT, amoralur saqcielTanaa dakav-
Sirebuli;
• rCeva: is Tvisebebi, romlebic ar SeiZleba erTmniSvnelovnad miakuT-
vnoT ama Tu im jgufs, calke CamowereT;
TiToeuli jgufi prezentacias akeTebs. SesaZlebelia saerTo Tvisebe-
bis nusxa dafaze Camoiweros. imarTeba diskusia.
1. moswavleebi sityvebisgan `xids~ ageben. TiToeuli asaxelebs zedsar-
Tav saxels an arsebiT saxels, romelic korufciasTan asocirdeba; au-
cilebelia SeTanxmeba `xidze~ sityvebis TanmimdevrobiT ganlageba-
ze; Semdeg xdeba sityvebis Cawera;
2. gakveTilis bolos yvela erTad pasuxobs kiTxvebs:
• SeTavsebadia Tu ara korufcia da morali?
• ra SemTxvevaSi SeiZleba SeTavsebadi iyos korufcia da morali?
Tema `mizani da saSualebebi~
avtori: violeta vaitkiaviCine, kedainskis saSualo skolis eTikis maswav-

lebeli
X klasi
1. dadgindes, ra ician moswavleebma korufciis Sesaxeb;
2. moswavleebma gaiazron, rom qmedebasa da Sedegs Soris ormxrivi mi-
zez-Sedegobrivi kavSiri arsebobs;
3. moswavleebs ganuviTardeT kritikuli azrovneba.
mosalodneli Sedegebi
1. moswavleebi SesZleben Cvens sazogadoebaSi korufciis gamovlenas;
2. moswavleebi iswavlian TanamSromlobas;
3. gaiazreben mizez-Sedegobriv kavSirebs.
meTodi: alternatiuli gzebis/svlebis ruqa, diskusia
jgufis wevrebs miewodebaT situacia - `winaaRmdegoba~ (ix. danarTi). dava-
lebis Sesrulebis Semdeg maT urigdebaT kiTxvebi diskusiisaTvis.
moswavleebi jgufebad (4-5 moswavle) iyofian. eZlevaT miTiTebebi, Tu sad
imyofeba mTavari moqmedi piri da ra mizani aqvs mas, romelsac unda miaRwi-
os. moswavleebma miznisaken mimavali gzebi unda daxaton, aseve moZebnon rac
SeiZleba meti alternativa da miuTiTon is winaaRmdegobebi, romelsac moq-
medi piri Sexvdeba.
situacia
pacienti eqims mimarTavs muxlis areSi tkivilis CiviliT. gamokvlevis Ca-
terebis Semdeg eqimi askvnis, rom mas operacia esaWiroeba. pacienti ope-
raciaze Tanxmdeba. eqimi afrTxilebs, rom rigSi kidev 73 pacientia da
Tu mas surs operacia Tavad saavadmyofom daafinansos, saukeTeso Sem-
TxvevaSi, kidev naxevari weli mouwevs dacda. xolo, Tu pacienti Tanaxmaa
Tavad gadaixados (aseTi operacia daaxloebiT 4000-5000 liti Rirs), ma-
Sin lodini ar dasWirdeba. pacienti pasuxobs, rom mas ara aqvs sakmarisi
fuli da amdeni xnis lodinis SemTxvevaSi, SesaZloa misi mdgomareoba ki-
dev ufro garTuldes.
ra SeiZleba moimoqmedos pacientma, rom operacia male Catardes?
SeecadeT ipovoT problemis gadaWris minimum ori gza.
1. vin arian situaciis monawileni?
2. hqonda Tu ara adgili arakeTilsindisier qmedebas?
3. miadga Tu ara ziani vinmes?
4. miiRo Tu ara vinmem sargebeli da ratom?

5. Seecada Tu ara pacienti miznis miRwevas?
6. SeiZleba Tu ara gavamarTloT situaciis monawileTa saqcieli?
7. Tu saxelmwifo damatebiT gadasaxads daawesebs mZime avadmyofebis sam-
kurnalod, Seicvleba Tu ara rame am situaciaSi?
8. ras grZnoben Tqveni azriT situaciis monawileni?
danarTi
winaaRmdegoba – es obieqtebia (dawesebulebebi), romlebic unda gadala-
xos pacientma.
pacienti
mizani:
Catarebuli
muxlis
operacia
Tema `damokidebulebebi. damokidebulebebsa

da qcevebs Soris kavSiri~
avtori: iurate blinstrubaite, kedainskis saSualo skolis fsiqologiis

maswavlebeli, violeta vaitkiaviCene, kedainskis saSualo skolis eTikis mas-
wavlebeli.
X klasi
miznebi da amocanebi: moswavleebi aanalizeben ra aris damokidebuleba,

rogoria misi komponentebi, adgenen mizez-Sedegobriv urTierTkavSirs da-
mokidebulebebsa da qcevebs Soris.
meTodebi: ganmarteba, diskusia, kuTxeebi
1. maswavlebeli ganmartavs, ras niSnavs damokidebuleba da misi kompo-
nentebi.
damokidebuleba – es aris piradi emocia da SegrZneba, romelic amzadebs
adamians garkveulad aRiqvas sagnebi, movlenebi, pirovnebebi.
damokidebulebaTa komponentebi
kognituri afeqturi qceviTi

es aris piradi Sexedu- Tavis TavSi gulisxmobs qceva, romelic Seesaba-
lebebi, romlebic kon- pirad SexedulebebTan meba pirovnul Sexedu-
kretuli faqtis, mov- dakavSirebul dadebiT lebebs
lenis an pirovnebis mi- an uaryofiT emociebs.
marT gagvaCnia. maTi meS-
veobiT ganvsazRvravT
ra aris swori da aras-
wori, samarTliani da
usamarTlo da a. S.
2. `damokidebulebebis komponentebis~ sqemaze dayrdnobiT maswavlebe-

li magaliTs ganixilavs:
`baton staponases Zlian moswons kurSskis isaraze dasveneba, magram
mSoblebisgan memkvidreobiT miRebuli miwa paniaveJskis raionSi mde-
bareobs da ara mis sayvarel kurSskis isaraze. staponass eCveneba, rom
batoni aleqsasi, romelic miwadmowyobis samsaxurSi muSaobs, arc Tu
ise patiosani da wesieri moqalaqea (damokidebulebis kognitiuri kom-
ponenti). mocemul situaciaSi, staponasi gamouval mdgomareobaSia
(afeqturi komponenti), radganac mas ar SeuZlia iyidos miwa kurSskis
isaraze. savaraudod, igi qrTams miscems (qceviTi komponenti) baton
aleqsas, imisaTvis rom mSoblebis danatovari paniaveJskis raionidan
kurSskis isaraze gacvalos.~
3. ganxilul magaliTze dayrdnobiT moswavleebi sakuTar istorias
Txzaven.
4. moswavleebma unda daadginon ra kavSiria damokidebulebasa da qce-
vas Soris.
I varianti
damokidebuleba qcevis mizezi qceva
II varianti
damokidebulebis mizezi
qceva damokidebuleba
III varianti
damokidebuleba ormxrivi kavSiris mizezi qceva

5. arCeuli variantis Sesabamisad, moswavleebi sam jgufad iyofian (ku-

Txeebis meTodi). jgufebi TavianT arCevans ganixilaven. Semdeg TiTo-
euli jgufi argumentebs warmoadgens. moswavleebi, romlebmac Tavi-
anTi azri Seicvales im jgufSi gadadian, romlis Sexedulebasac eTan-
xmebian.
6. maswavlebeli jgufebs Soris warmarTul diskusias ganazogadebs da
miuTiTebs, rom damokidebulebebsa da qcevas Soris ormxrivi kavSiri
arsebobs.
antikorufciul ganaTlebasTan kavSiri: msjelobis dros, Tu ras war-

moadgens damokidebuleba, rogoria misi komponentebi, moswavleebi iazre-
ben ormxriv mizez-Sedegobriv kavSirs damokidebulebasa da korumpirebul
qcevas Soris. agreTve imas, Tu ratom iqcevian adamianebi ukanonod.
Tema `movaleobisa da valdebulebis dakisreba,

socialuri roli~
avtori: ruta lukoSene, gargJdaiskis, gimnazia `vaikorikStes~ fsiqolo-

giiis maswavlebeli.
XI-XIIklasebi
miznebi
1. moswavleebma gaiazron, rogor SeuZlia socialur rolsa da socia-
luri rolebis konfliqts xeli Seuwyos korufcias.
2. sworad airCion prioritetuli roli korufciul garemoSi.
meTodebi: argumentirebuli diskusia, analizi.
gakveTilis msvleleoba
aRniSnuli gakveTili saxelmZRvanelos mixedviT warimarTeba, Tumca maga-
liTebi icvleba.
1. socialuri rolis gansazRvrisaTvis maswavlebels Semdegi magaliTi
mohyavs: `warmoidgineT, Tavdauzogavad momuSave medikosi – altru-
isti, romelic aseve aris mama, ojaxis ufrosi da romlis Semosavalic
ojaxis arsebobis mTavar wyaros warmoadgens~.
2. saubrisas, Tu rogori socialuri rolebi arsebobs (biologiuri, na-
Tesauri, profesiuli, asakobrivi da a.S.) aRiniSneba, rom eqimis roli
(profesiuli), gansazRvrulia hipokrates ficiT, e.i is valdebulia
nebismier situaciaSi da SemTxvevaSi adamians daxmareba gauwios.
3. mniSvnelobis mixedviT arsebobs ZiriTadi da meorexarisxovani soci-
aluri rolebi. magaliTad, eqimis profesionalizmi didad aris damo-
kidebuli imaze, pirvelxarisxovnad mamobas Tvlis, Tu sakuTar pro-
fesias.
4. rolebs Soris konfliqtebze saubrisas ganixileba, Tu ra xdeba maSin,

roca mamis roli ar emTxveva eqimis rols. magaliTad, eqimis Svils, ro-
melsac arc ise didi Semosavali aqvs, surs swavla sazRvargareT gaag-
rZelos. magram es sakmaod Zviri jdeba. bavSvis momavali sasworze devs:
is an moaxerxebs daeuflos misTvis saintereso profesias da cxovre-
baSic bevrs miaRwevs, an iseT specialobas airCevs, romelic misTvis
sasurveli ar aris da Tavs ubedurad igrZnobs. eqim mamas yovelgvari
jafis gareSe SeuZlia qrTami aiRos da Svili saswavleblad gaamgzav-
ros, magram rogor daarRvios hipokrates fici? is xom Tavdauzoga-
vad unda emsaxuros yvela pacients?
5. klasi or jgufad iyofa da imarTeba diskusia. erTma jgufma unda mo-
ifiqros argumentebi TezisisaTvis – èqimma unda aiRos qrTami~, meo-
rem ki - èqimma ar unda moiTxovos qrTami~.
6. TiToeuli jgufi rigrigobiT asaxelebs arumentebs. bolos jamdeba
romelma jgufma ufro meti argumenti moiyvana.
7. ganixileba SemTxveva, romelsac meti zianis motana SeeZlo.
8. imarTeba diskusia: rogor igrZnobdnen Tavs moswavleebi Svilis an pa-
cientis adgilas rom yofiliyvnen?
9. ganixileba socialuri rolisa da pirovnebis Tanafardoba. mTavaria,
sxvadasxva rolis Sesrulebisas, adamianma ar dakargos identuroba,
aseve yovelTvis icodes, vin aris da ra faseulobis matarebelia. am
SemTxvevaSi, konfliqtis warmoqmnisas, ar aris rTuli gadawyvetile-
bis miReba.
Tema `ganaTleba korufciis winaaRmdeg~
avtori: daiva kuprionene, religiisa da eTikis maswavlebeli.
V klasi
sagani: religia
miznebi da amocanebi: gunduri muSaobis da erToblivad gadawyvetilebe-

bis miRebis unaris gamomuSaveba; diskusiisa da SemoqmedebiTi azrovnebis
ganviTareba;
meTodebi: formaluri teqstis Sedgena, TamaSi, inscenireba.
resursebi: wminda werili, baraTebi, TeTri furclebi, flomasterebi, sxva-

dasxva saskolo nivTi.
1. bruno fereros moTxrobis – `zRarbebis ojaxi~ – wakiTxva.
`zafxulis dadgomisTanave WalaSi zRarbebis ojaxi dabinavda. Tbili
dReebi iyo, zRarbebi xeebis CrdilSi erTobodnen. xandaxan tyidanac ga-
midiodnen da mindorSi mxiarulobdnen, yvavilebs Soris daxuWobanas Ta-
maSobdnen da gamosakvebad buzebs iWerdnen. Rame mSvidad iZinebdnen Ta-
vianT bunagSi.
erT dRes maT dainaxes, rogor cvioda xidan foTlebi – Semodgoma axlov-
deboda. zRarbebma axali gasarTobi moigones – mofarfate foTlebs iWer-
dnen. dRiTidRe ufro mkacri sicive igrZnoboda. mdinares yinulis Txe-
li fena gadaefara. Tovlma foTlebi dafara. zRarbebi sicivisagan kan-
kalebdnen da Ramec ki veRar iZinebdnen.
erT Rames gadawyvites erTmaneTs Caxutebodnen da ase gamTbariyvnen, mag-
ram es cda uSedego aRmoCnda, radgan eklebiT erTmaneTs TaTebi da drun-
Cebi dauCxvlites. kidev erTxel scades, magram amjeradac uSedegod. sa-
Wiro iyo gamosavali epovnaT, rom gamTbariyvnen. Citebi, baWiebi da sxva
cxovelebi xom ase Tbebodnen. amotom, zRarbebma erTmaneTTan miaxloe-
bisas nel-nela eklebis damalva daiwyes. Tavdapirvelad, es Zneli iyo, mag-
ram zRarbebi yovel saRamos cdilobdnen erTmaneTTan miaxloebas, vid-
re sawadels ar miaRwies. civi saRamoebi aRar aSinebdaT; erTmaneTTan Ca-
xutebul zRarbebs Tbilad da tkbilad eZinaT.~
davaleba: moswavleebi jgufebad iyofian da baraTebi urigdebad fere-

bis mixedviT.
TiToeulma jgufma SeTanxmebis aTi wesi unda moifiqros.
daTqmuli drois gasvlis Semdeg isini wesebs kiTxuloben.
wesebi SeiZleba aseTi iyos:
1. vinaidan sinaze aciskrovnebs cxovrebas, Rirs yoveldRiurad mivis-
wrafvodeT misken;
2. aucilebelia, yoveldRe vesaubroT erTmaneTs;
3. dauRalavad, erTad unda miviswrafvodeT srulyofilebisaken;
4. pativi vceT sakuTar Tavs: arasodes gadavabijoT zRurbls `WuWyiani
fexiT~;
5. unda viyoT Tavmdabalni;
6. adamianebSi kargi Tvisebebi unda veZeboT, maSinac ki, rodesac isini
amis dafarvas cdiloben;
7. ar unda gveSinodes azrTa sxvadsxvaobis: mxolod gulgrili adamia-
nebi ar kamaToben;
8. viyoT Tavazianebi;
9. ar unda gagvaRizianos yvela wvrilmanma;
10.nu dagvaviwydeba, rom unda gaviRimoT – Rimili guls sasicoxlo Za-
las aZlevs.
2. moswavleebi nawyvets kiTxuloben axali aRTqmidan – luka 12, 38-44.

kiTxvebi:
1. axloblisadmi siyvaruliT SegviZlia Tu ara Tavis gawirva?
2. SegiZliaT Tu ara Tqveni èklebis~ damalva?

arsi: iswavlo oqros wesiT cxovreba: `rogorc gindaT, rom Tqven geqce-
odnen adamianebi, iseve moeqeciT maT~
3. jgufebma saxelmwifo moxeleebs unda misweron werili TxovniT, rom

skolas gamouyon kompiuterebi:
I jgufi: TxovniT mimarTon;
II jgufi: megobrulad sTxovon;
III jgufi: oficialurad moiTxovon;
IV jgufi: saqmiani winadadebiT mimarTon;
4. TamaSi òjaxi~
baraTebze weria gvari da pirovnebis roli ojaxSi.
malinauskasi (didi babua, didi bebia, babua, bebia, mama, deda, vaJiSvili,
qaliSvili, lekvi, knuti). danarCeni gvarebi erTmaneTis msgavsia: muli-
nauskasi, maliniauskisi, melinauskisi. bavSvebi baraTebs iReben, sadac mi-
TiTebulia gvari da roli. oTx skamze isini erTmaneTs kalTaSi ujdebian
gvarebis mixedviT, zemoT miTiTebuli TanmimdevrobiT.
daniSnuleba: Sejibrebis drosac ki SesaZlebelia megobrulad TamaSi.
5. saTamaSo situacia
• 1 da 3 jgufebisaTvis: `gzaze gafuWebili avtomanqanaa, romlis mZRo-
lic Zalzed arasimpatiuri kacia~
• pirveli jgufi: inscenirebas akeTebs, rogor SeiZleba gulwrfelad,
yovelgvari gasamrjelos gareSe, daexmaro arasasiamovno garegnobis
adamians.
• me-3 jgufi: inscenirebas akeTebs, rom daxmarebas gauwevs mxolod im
SemTxvevaSi, Tu daxarjuli drois sanacvlod materialur kompensa-
cias miiRebs.
• me-2 da me-4 jgufebi: `mZimed avadmyofi, yru moxuci vaJiSvilis ojax-
Tan erTad cxovrobs~.
• me-2 jgufi: gaiTamaSebs moxucis istorias bednieri dasasruliT.
• me-4 jgufi: gaiTamaSebs moxucis istorias naRvliani dasasruliT.
daskvna
rogori adamianebi arian yvelaze lamazebi da yvelaze modurebi? isini, rom-
lebic sikeTisa da ubraloebis samoss atareben.
vaiJgantasis saxelobis, radviliSiskis gimnaziis

fsiqologiis maswavleblis, redi masialskenes,
azrebi antikorufciuli ganaTlebis Sesaxeb
fsiqologiis gakveTilze
moswavleebTan korufciaze saubari SesaZlebelia Semdegi Temebis ganxil-

visas:
• socialuri aRqma: damokidebulebebi da stereotipebi;
• socialuri damokidebuleba: socialuri rolebi da fsiqologiuri Ta-
maSebi;
• fsiqologiuri janmrTeloba: adamianis moTxovnilebebi da motivebi.
damokidebulebebi da korufcia
damokidebulebebis bunebaze saubrisas moviyvanoT korufciasTan dakav-
Sirebuli magaliTebi moswavleebis an maTi mSoblebis cxovrebidan. magali-
Tad, moswavlem danaSauli Caidina, mas skolis Secvlas sTavazoben, magram
mis mSoblebs amis gakeTeba ar surT, radganac es skola prestiJulad iTvle-
ba. isini yvela SesaZlo xerxis gamoyenebiT cdiloben, rom maTi Svili imave
skolaSi darCes. mSoblebi `megobrebs~ eZeben, romlebic daexmarebian maT
`saerTo gamonaxon~ direqtorTan an romelime TanamSromelTan, oRond
problema moagvaron.
es da sxva SemTxvevebi ganixileba damokidebulebebis komponentebis sa-
fuZvelze: SemecnebiTi, afeqturi da qceviTi.
stereotipebi da korufcia
stereotipebi: `mamakacebi ukeT atareben manqanas~, `mewarmeebi da banki-
rebi matyuarebi arian~, èqimebi – meqrTameebi~ da a.S. stereotipebis warmo-
Sobaze, socialur rolebze an maT Secvlaze saubrisas korufciasTan da-
kavSirebuli stereotipebi ganixileba.
korufcia da socialuri roli

Temaze - `socialuri roli da piradi damokidebuleba~ saubrisas SesaZ-
lebelia sxvadasxva magaliTis ganxilva: morcxvi, mSvidi, patiosani, mSvido-
bismoyvare adamiani xdeba xelmZRvaneli, rac mis principebs ewinaaRmdege-
ba. Tu unda dadgenili wesebiT icxovros – aiRos qrTami da a.S. ese igi unda
iyo iseTi, rogoradac yofna ar surs; aucileblia Seicvalos, amasTan SeiZ-
leba ewinaaRmdegebodes sakuTar Tavs – individualobas da sakuTar bune-
bas, cxovrebiseul idealebs. Sedegad – itanjeba Tavad da itanjebian misi
koleqtivis wevrebic.
adamianis moTxovnilebebi da motivebi

aRniSnuli Temis ganxilvis procesSi SeiZleba yuradReba daeTmos ko-
rufciis gavlenas da mis Sedegebs. TandaTanobiT, moTxovnilebaTa ierar-
qiul kibeze asvlisas, rac SeiZleba farTod unda ganvixiloT korufciis
TemasTan daavSirebuli momentebi. SeiZleba TamaSi-diskusiis organizeba
`korufciis Zafis gorgali~.
TamaSi mrgavli magidis garSemo Zafis gorgaliT mimdinareobs, romelic

xelidan-xelSi gadadis. am TamaSsac unda hqondes Tavisi wesebi, romlebic
TamaSis dawyebis win cxaddeba. wamyvani iRebs Zafis gorgals da iwyebs ko-
rufciaze saubars: `rogor fiqrobT, dRes SesaZlebelia patiosnad cxov-
reba, korufcis gareSe?~ azris gamoTqmis msurveli gorgals iRebs da am sa-
kiTxTan dakavSirebiT sakuTar azrs gamoTqvams. Semdeg is gadascems Zafis
gorgals sxavas, amgvarad, gorgali TiToeul moTamaSesTan midis, romel-
sac mosazrebis gamoTqmis da sxvebisaTvis gaziarebis survili aqvs. saubris
dasasruls xdeba Sejameba. TamaSis dros SesaZlebelia ori sxvadasxva fe-
ris Zafis gamoyeneba, romelTa ferebic dadebiTi da uryofiTi Sexedule-
bebis Sesabamisi iqneba.diskusiis bolos jamdeba, ramdeni dadebiTi da uar-
yofiTi azri iyo gamoTqmuli. kvlav grZeldeba msjeloba.
TamaSi `grZnobebis kvadrati~

moswavleebs qaRaldis TiTo furceli urigdebaT, romelic didi for-
matis nawilia. am furcelze maT unda aRweron is grZnobebi an SegrZnebebi,
romlebic maT daeuflaT. weris dasrulebis Semdeg, TiToeuli nawili mis-
Tvis gankuTvnil adgilze ideba da grZnobebis kvadrati keTdeba.
imarTeba diskusia. SesaZlebelia sxvadasxva feris qaRaldebis gamoyene-
bac dadebiTi da uaryofiTi grZnobebis gamosaxatad. TamaSis bolos gamoC-
ndeba, Tu romeli grZnobis kvadratia ufro didi. imarTeba msjeloba.
95
danarTi
rogor SeiZleba kritikuli

azrovnebis ganviTarebis sqemis
mixedviT teqstebze muSaoba
evaldas bakonisi
teqsti:
Bogdanovicius A. Korupcija sukuria valdžia (a. bogdanoviCiusi. korufcias war-
moSobs Zalaufleba) // http://www.lrinka.lt/Leidinys/korupcija/1998.6.andriusb.phtml
bevri adamiani ubralod Tavs aridebs korufciaze saubars - àrafris Sec-

vla ar SeiZleba~, ùkve yvela saSualebaa gamoyenebuli – dawyebuli
...........................................................................................................................................
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........................................................................................................................................... ,
damTavrebuli
...........................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................... -
magram, arsebiTad araferi ar icvleba. is vinc qrTams iRebda, kvlavac

agrZelebs amis keTebas; is vinc qrTams iZleva, gakvirvebulia `tarifebis~
zrdiT. zogjer, qrTamis odenoba gamaogneblad didia. es gamowveulia imiT,
rom raRacis sanacvlod Tanxis aReba did riskTan aris dakavSirebuli, rac
saqmis `Cawyobis~ safasurs zrdis.
korufciis faqtebi marto litvaSi ar mJRavndeba – es globaluri mov-
lenaa. nuTu korufcia da meqrTameoba sazogadoebis ganuyofeli nawilia?
Rirs ki Tavad scado eZio saSualebebi, romlebic dagvexmareba am Cvevis
aRmofxvraSi, maSin, rodesac am gzebs ver pouloben iseTi demokratuli qvey-
nebi, romelTa kanonmdeblobasac Cven sanimuSod miviCnevT? korufciis Se-
degebi, romlebsac sazogadoeba uaryofiTad afasebs: .......................................
..............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
da mainc, gvaiZulebens es saSualebebi veZioT, radgan Sedegi brZolad
Rirs.
korufciis aRmofxvraze mimarTuli qmedebebis efeqturoba

SeiZleba ki imis mtkiceba, rom meqrTameoba aRmoifxvreba Tu sasjeli ga-
cilebiT mkacri iqneba? gamokiTxvis Sedegebi, romelic litvis Tavisufa-
li bazris institutma Caatara, gviCvenebs, rom efeqturobis TvalsazrisiT,
es saSualeba mesame adgilzea, biurokratiis Semcirebisa da ekonomikaSi sa-
xelmwifos Carevis Semdeg. sasjeli ornairad moqmedebs: erTi mxriv, is moq-
medebs maTze, vinc meryeobs – isargeblos Tu ara sakuTari SesaZleblobiT

(TanamdebobiT, statusiT da sxva); meore mxriv, visac gadawyvetili aqvs
qrTamis aReba, maTze sasjelis saSiSroeba erTmniSvnelovnad moqmedebs –
iZulebulia `momsaxurebis~ safasuri gazardos. amrigad, jarimebi meqrTa-
meobis, rogorc korufciis erT-erTi formis, Semcirebis ZiriTadi saSua-
leba ar aris.
SeiZleba Tu ara korufciasTan brZola CinovnikebisaTvis xelfasis da
socialuri garantiebis gazrdiT? maRalma xelfasma, iseve rogorc Zalin
mkacrma sasjelma, SeiZleba `qraTamis aramRebTa~ raodenoba gazardos. me-
ore mxriv, `tarifebi~ izrdeba iseT korufciul SemTxvevebze, romelTa ga-
movlena, dasabuTeba da damtkiceba sakmaod Znelia. gamokiTxvis Sedegebi
gviCvenebs, rom sazogadoeba xelfasis zrdis efeqturobas meoTxe adgilze
ayenebs. sainteresoa, rom Tavad politikosebic eTanxmebian am pozicias da
aRiareben, rom xlefasebis zrda korufciasTan brZolis yvelaze efeqturi
saSualeba ar aris.
korufciasTan bZolis recepti

sinamdvileSi, korufciis aRmofxvris erT-erTi qmediTi saSualeba ara
dasja, sazriani Cinovnikebis Zebna an samarTaldamcavi organoebis princi-
puli saqmianoba, aramed adamianebis aRzrda da maTSi damokidebulebebis Ca-
moyalibebaa. yvelaze qmediT zomebs korufciis wyaroebis SezRudva da
aRmofxvra warmoadgens.
riT daviwyoT?
• Siqmnas da dainergos biznesis ganviTarebis da SeRavaTiani kredite-
bis gacemis programebi. saxelmwifos mxridan nebismieri saxis mxarda-
Wera xels uwyobs `momgebiani biznesis~ Camoyalibebas arasabazro pi-
robebSi. warmoiqmnas/Camoyalibdes da iarsebos `momgebianma biznes-
ma~ arasabazro pirobebSi. korufciis faqtebis Semcirebis msurveleb-
ma samudamod unda Tqvan uari biznesis mxardaWeraze.
• tendeciuri sagadasaxado kanonebis miRebiT xelisuflebas SeuZlia
sagadasaxado sistemiT manipulireba. sagadasaxado SeRavaTebis mini-
WebiT ki TiTqos specialurad xlarTavs gadasaxadis gadaxdis wesebs
– yovelive amis Sedegad ki sagadasaxado inspeqtori erT-erTi mTava-
ri figura xdeba. amotom, aucilebelia Semcirdes gadasaxadebis rao-
denoba, dazustdes dabegvris wesebi, gamartivdes sagadasaxado aRri-
cxva, ar daiSvas gamonaklisebi.
• sabanko da komunaluri gadasaxadebis seqtorSi, araferi rom ar
vTqvaT energetikiaze, saavadmyofoze, skolaze da msgavs instituci-
ebze – saxelmwifo moqmedebs, rogorc mewarme. erovnul banks SeuZ-
lia arc Tu ise warmatebul biznesze gasces krediti. saxelmwifo sa-
warmos SeuZlia arc Tu ise iafi da xarisxiani nedleuli SeiZinos. misi
araefeqturi funqcionireba problemas ar warmoadgens. amgvari sawar-
mo mainc garantirebulad SeinarCunebs Tavs bazarze, radganac xeli-
sufleba misTvis gansakuTrebul pirobebs qmnis. aucilebelia saxel-
mwifo sawarmoebis sistemis daSla – saxelmwifo unda gaemijnos biz-

ness da unda moxdes saxelmwifo sawarmoebis privatizeba.
zemoT moyvanili magaliTebi arasrulia . . .
arCevanis ufleba
sazogadoebas arwmuneben, rom korufciasTan brZola SesaZlebelia mxo-
lod iseTi xerxebiT, rogorebicaa: politikuri liderebis valdebuleba da
xelisuflebis gamWvirvaloba. Tu amas davumatebT sasjelis gamkacrebul
zomebs, CinovnikebisaTvis xelfasebis gazrdas da mewarmeebis aRzrdas, mi-
viRebT korufciasTan brZolis saSualebaTa `klasikuri~ meTodebis pakets.
es meTodebi bevr qveyanaSi gamoiyeneba, Tumca arcerT maTganSi korufcia
jerjerobiT daZleuli ar aris.
ramdenad efeqturia `klasikuri~ saSualebebi, vidre Cvens mier SemoTa-
vazebuli – es mkiTxvelis gadasawyvetia. magram, Tu dinebas mivyvebiT da xe-
lisuflebis warmomadgenelTa mier SemoTavazebul efeqtur, magram arapo-
pularul saSualebebs ignorirebas gavukeTebT – es SeiZleba Zvirad dag-
vijdes.
98
korufciis fenomeni
msoflioSi da litvaSi
korufciis fenomeni: korufcia – piradi sargeblis

miRebis mizniT sajaro samsaxuris borotad gamoyenebaa
adamianis uflebebisaTvis da Tqveni (TiToeuli adamianis) usafrTxoe-

bisaTvis korufcia realur safrTxes warmoadgens. korumpirebuli Tanam-
debobis pirebi maTze mindobil samsaxurs bedis anabara toveben. mosyidu-
li inspeqtori nebas rTavs nebismiers safrTxis qveS daayenos Tqveni sico-
cxle da janmrTeloba. korufciis Sedegad SeiZleba dairRves Tqveni Ziri-
Tadi uflebebi: janmrTeloba, ganaTleba, kerZo sakuTrebis ufleba da Tun-
dac sufTa haeriTa da wyliT sargeblobis ufleba.
1995 wels koreaSi savaWro centri daingra. gairkva, rom qvemoijarem mSe-
neblobisas uxarisxo betoni gamoiyena, qalaqis Tanamdebobis pirebma ki
qrTamis safasurad neba darTes mSeneblebs usafrTxoebis wesebi daerRvi-
aT. 1998 wels TurqeTSi miwisZvram mravali Senoba daangria. gansakuTrebiT
mZimed dazianda saxelmwifo skolebi da saavadmyofoebi. mSeneblobaSi uam-
ravi xarvezi iqna aRmoCenili, ramac eWvqveS daayena samSeneblo inspeqto-
rebisa da sxva Tanamdebobis pirTa keTilsindisiereba.
korufciis gamo Cven ufro naklebi fuli gvaqvs, vidre SeiZleboda rom
gvqonoda. es imitom ki ara, rom Cven sul axlaxan gaveciT qrTami, aramed imi-
tom, rom korufcias SeuZlia nebismieri saxelmwifo investiciis Rirebu-
leba 30%-iT gazardos. es niSnavs, rom axali skola an saavadmyofo, romel-
sac sazogadoeba aSenebs, SesaZlebelia samjer Zviri dajdes. saxelmwifo Ses-
yidvebis an investiciebis sferoSi korufciis gamo gaberili fasebi, kidev
ufro zrdis erovnul vals. magaliTad, keniaSi wamlebis korumpirebuli
gziT Sesyidvis Sedegad, rasac jan-dacvis saministro akeTebda, saxelmwi-
fom, daaxloebiT, milioni dolari dakarga.
korufciis gamo rTulia biznesis dawyeba. is amaxinjebs sabazro eko-
nomikas da araTanabar pirobebSi ayenebs mewarmeebs. bevri maTgani mzadaa
qrTami gaiRos im imediT, rom 100-dan 95 SemTxvevaSi sasurvel Sedegs mi-
aRwevs. magram ra iqneba Semdeg, Tu korumpirebuli moxele SemdgomSi
ufro mets moiTxovs? ra iqneba, Tu konkurentebi ufro did fuls gada-
ixdian? ra moxdeba, Tu korufciuli gegmebi dairRveva samarTaldamcavi
organoebis TanamSromlebis mier? magaliTad, ruseTSi mewarmeebs ufro
xSirad uwevT Tanamdebobis pirebisaTvis qrTamis micema, vidre maT po-
lonel kolegebs, radgan ruseTSi, poloneTisagan gansxvavebiT, daaxlo-
ebiT oTxjer meti droa saWiro imisaTvis, rom Seni biznesi daaregistri-
ro. garda amisa, iq orjer ufro xSirad amowmeben da ajarimeben mewarmes,
vidre poloneTSi.
korufciis gamo saxelmwifo biujetSi Semosavlebi mcirdeba. ramdeni
adamiani aridebs Tavs jarimebisa da gadasaxadebis gadaxdas Cinovnikebis
daxmarebiT? saerTo azriT, filipinebze korumpirebuli gziT gadasaxa-

debis gadaxdis Tavidan acileba niSnavs imas, rom Raribebi orjer ufro
mets ixdian, vidre mdidrebi, xolo importis 63% sabaJo gadasaxadebiT ar
ibegreba.
korufciis gamo qveyanaSi naklebad Semodis ucxouri investicia. xSir Sem-
TxvevaSi, korufcia moqmedebs rogorc gadasaxadi, romliTac pirdapir ibeg-
reba ucxouri investicia. magaliTad, korufciis zrdis done SedarebiT nak-
leb korumpirebuli singapuridan – Zlier korumpirebul meqsikamde, saga-
dasaxado normebis zrdis 20%-is eqvivalenturia, romliTac investori ibeg-
reba. Tu bangladeSis respubnlika Tavisi biurokratiuli aparatis Segne-
basa da muSaobis efeqturobas urugvais donemde aamaRlebs, maSin investi-
ciebi 5%-iT gaizrdeba. daaxloebiT aseTi paralelis gavleba SeiZleba lit-
vasa da saqarTvelos mimarTac.
1999 wels kompania ”Vilmorus”-is mier Catarebulma sociologiurma kvle-
vam gamoavlina, rom gamokiTxulTa 74,1% uaryofiTad afasebs korufcias,
rogorc movlenas, magram 60,4% mzad iyo wamoWrili problemebis mosagva-
reblad, Tundac erTxel, gaeRo qrTami; aseve gairkva, rom umravlesobis
cnobierebaSi saCuqris gacema da miReba yovelTvis ar aris gaigivebuli ko-
rufciasTan, xolo iaffasiani saqonlis ganbaJebis gareSe Semotana, xSirad
ar aRiqmeba kontrabandad. gamokiTxulTa 71,1%, romelTac ufro didi Se-
mosavali aqvT, mzad arian gaiRon qrTami. axalgazrdebs Soris ki, qrTamis
gasacemad mzad aris 71,5%.
2001 wels, organizacia `Transparency International~-is litvis ganyofilebis
mier Catarebulma vilniusis skolis moswavleTa gamokiTxvam aCvena, rom
ufrosklaselebi ufro eTanxmebian mosazrebas, rom `biznesSi SeiZleba Se-
mosavlebis dafarva gadasaxadebisagan Tavis aridebis mizniT~. sxva gamokvle-
vebma gviCvenes, rom xSirad Cven Tavad vcdilobT mivceT qrTami Tanamdebo-
bis pirebs. sazogadoebrivi azrisa da sabazro gamokvlevebis kompaniis (Spin-
ter) mier, 2001 wels, xuT qalaqSi Catarebuli gamokiTxvebis Sedegebi Semdeg
monacemebs gvawvdian: moqalaqeTa 64% amtkicebs, rom qrTams, pirdapiri an
iribi gziT, Tavad saxelmwifo Cinovnikebi moiTxoven, xolo 36% aRniSnavs,
rom qrTamis micema Tavad dainteresebuli piris iniciativiT xdeba.
umravlesoba Tvlis, rom korufcia saxelmwifo organoebis Tandayo-
lili mankieri Tvisebaa, romelic sruliad ar aris damokidebuli mTav-
robis wevrebis nebasa da kontrolze.
2002 wels arasamTavrobo organizaciis (`Transparency International~) mier Ca-
tarebulma saerTaSoriso kvlevam gviCvena, rom litvaSi korufciis aRqmis
indeqsi igive rCeba, rogorc es gasul wels iyo – 4,8 qula. mewarmeebisa da
saerTaSoriso eqspertebis gamokiTxvis Sedegad miRebuli maCveneblebiT
irkveva, rom litva im qveynebs Soris imyofeba, romlebsac seriozuli prob-
lemebi aqvT korufciis TvalsazrisiT: 0,2 qula ar hyofnis 5 qulamde, rom-
lis Semdegac ganlagebulia naklebad korumpirebuli qveynebi. litva, be-
lorusiasTan, samxreT afrikis respublikasTan da tunisTan erTad 36-39
adgilebs inawilebs. 102 qveynisagan Semdgar cxrilSi bolo adgilebs ika-
veben – angola, madagaskari, paragvai, nigeria da bangladeSi, xolo pirvel

aTeulSi Sedian – fineTi, dania, axali zelandia, islandia, singapuri da
SvedeTi.
1999 wels, organizaciis `Transparency International~ mier Sedgenil cxrilSi,
litvas 50-e adgili ekava. sami wlis ganmavlobaSi is 14 adgiliT dawinaurda.
litvaSi daaxloebiT aTamde kanoni miiRes, romelic korufciis prevenciis
saSualebas iZleva. SemuSavda da ganxorcielda korufciasTan brZolis ram-
denime programa. magram, rogorc Cinelma filosofosma, men-Zim (372-289)
Tqva – kanonebi TavisTavad ar muSaoben.
korufcia = monopolias + saidumloeba – pasuxismgebloba
korufcia vlindeba maSin, rodesac erTpirovnuli gadawyvetilebebi mi-
iReba saidumlod da Sedegebze piradi pasuxismgeblobis gareSe.
wyaro: litvis respublikis specialuri sagamoZiebo samsaxuri – ix.gv 107

101
eTikis kodeqsebi
maswavleblis profesiuli eTika

(proeqti)
profesiuli kompetenturoba
pedagogiuri karieris manZilze, maswavleblebi unda cdilobdnen
miaRwion kvalifikaciis maRal dones zogadad ganaTlebis sferoSi
da konkretulad im disciplinebSi, romelsac aswavlian. ganaTlebis
sistemaSi mimdinare uwyveti cvlilebebi, kerZod, swavlebisa da swav-
lis axali midgomebi, axali erovnuli saswavlo gegmebis SemuSaveba,
danergva da ganaxleba maswavleblebisgan moiTxovs profesionaliz-
mis mudmiv amaRlebas.
kolegialoba
efeqtiani swavleba moiTxovs kolegialobis maRal dones da ami-
tomac, maswavleblebma xalisiT, Zaldautaneblad unda iTanamSrom-
lon kolegebTan, mSoblebTan da saganmanaTleblo sferos sxvadas-
xva organizaciebTan da warmomadgenlebTan. maswavleblebma unda ga-
uziaron erTmaneTs TavianTi Sexedulebebi, codna da gamocdileba
da ecadon Camoayalibon iseTi profesiuli garemo, romelic xels Se-
uwyobs moswavleTa socialur, inteleqtualur, sulier, moralur,
emociur da fizikur ganviTarebas.
Tanabari SesaZleblobebi
maswavleblebma TavianTi saqmianobiTa da TanamSromlobiT unda
uzrunvelyon Tanabari SesaZleblobebis principebis dacva adamia-
nis uflebebis fuZemdebluri saerTaSoriso aqtebis Sesabamisad.
valdebulebebi
maswavlebelTa umTavresi movaleobaa moswavleTa ganaTleba,
aRzrda da maT keTildReobaze zrunva. maswavleblebi valdebulni
arian mzrunvelobiT, pasuxismgeblobiT, pativiscemiTa da sifrTxi-
liT miudgnen moswavleebs, mSoblebsa da kolegebs, ndobisa da kon-
fidencialurobis principebis dacviT.
samarTlebrivi CarCo
maswavleblebs gacnobierebuli unda hqondeT is samarTlebrivi ga-
remo, romelSic uwevT saqmianoba aRmzrdelobiTi da administraciu-
li valdebulebebis gaTvaliswinebiT. maT unda daicvan saxelmwifo-
Si moqmedi kanonebi da profesiis Sesabamisi eTikuri kodeqsi, miuxe-
davad imisa miTiTebulia Tu ara isini maT SromiT xelSekrulebaSi.
moswavleTa individualur saWiroebebze reagireba

maswavlebeli unda iyos gulisxmieri moswavleTa individualuri
saWiroebebisadmi da unda eZios moswavleTa CarTvis gzebi im gada-
wyvetilebebis miRebaSi, romlebic xels Seuwyobs moswavleebis mier
maTi asakisa da SesaZleblobebis Sesabamisi ganaTlebis miRebas.
profesiuli urTierTobebi
individualuri Tu koleqtiuri problemis wamoWrisas maswavle-
belma, unda eZios problemis gadaWris gzebi Sesabamisi proceduru-
li normebis gaTvaliswinebiT.
profesiuli patiosneba
maswavleblis piradi cxovreba xelSeuxebelia. amave dros, maswav-
lebeli unda acnobierebdes, rom misi adamianuri Rirsebebi, sulie-
ri da samoqalaqo faseulobebi misabaZi unda iyos moswavleebisaT-
vis. maswavleblis qmedeba Zlier zegavlenas axdens moswavleebis qce-
vaze rogorc saklaso oTaxSi, aseve mis gareT. maswavlebelsa da mos-
wavleebs Soris unda arsebobdes jansaRi TanamSromlobis urTier-
Toba.
103
qarTuli biznesis qcevis kodeqsi
I. saerTo debulebebi
Cven, saqarTvelos kerZo seqtoris warmomadgenlebi vadasturebT Cvens
gadawyvetilebas qarTveli Tu ucxouri partnioris da mTlianad qarTuli
sazogadoebis mimarT vimoqmedoT da warvmarToT Cveni samewarmeo saqmia-
noba saerTaSoriso sazogadoebis mier aRiarebuli eTikis normebis Sesaba-
misad. aRniSnulidan gamomdinare, Cven miznad visaxavT xeli SevuwyoT sa-
qarTveloSi iseTi biznes garemos Camoyalibebas, romelSic eTikuri biznes
qmedeba da gonivruli mmarTveloba iqneba dafasebuli, waxalisebuli da biz-
nes gadawyvetilebaTa miRebis ZiriTadi safuZveli gaxdeba. Sesabamisad, Cve-
ni saqmianobisas veyrdnobiT mocemul qarTuli biznes qcevis kodeqss, ro-
melic amave dros warmoadgens saqarTveloSi moqmedi mewarmeebis TviTSe-
fasebisa da TviTregulirebis instruments.
qarTuli biznesis qcevis kodeqsi xels uwyobs qarTul saqmian wreebSi

biznesis warmoebis saukeTeso praqtikis danergvas. korporatiuli da so-
cialuri pasuxismgeblobis zrda, axali faseulobebis damkvidreba da biz-
nesis Sida organizaciuli kulturis gaumjobeseba dadebiT gavlenas moax-
dens saqarTvelos biznes garemoze da gaaumjobesebs qarTuli kompaniebis
imijs investorebsa da partniorebs Soris.
qarTuli biznesis qcevis kodeqsi warmoadgens saxelmZRvanelo doku-

ments saqarTveloSi moqmedi yvela im mewarmisaTvis, romelsac surs pasu-
xismgebluri korporatiuli qcevis mqone piris reputaciiT warsdges qar-
Tuli sazogadoebis winaSe. igi gansazRvravs samewarmeo seqtoris ganviTa-
rebis eTikur CarCoebs, uwyobs ra xels eTikis programisa da qcevis kodeq-
sis SemuSavebas calkeuli sawarmosaTvis. kodeqsi saqarTveloSi moqmedi sa-
warmoebisTvis ayalibebs zogad samuSao principebs da emsaxureba konkre-
tuli sawarmos mier sakuTari qcevis kodeqsis SemuSavebas.
ZiriTadi faseulobebi
qarTuli biznesis qcevis kodeqsi efuZneba Semdeg faseulobebs:
• angariSvaldebuleba – sakuTar qmedebebze pasuxismgeblobis unari

• keTilsindisiereba – dainteresebul mxareebTan TanamSromlobisas
• samarTlianoba – yvela urTierTobaSi
• patiosneba da erTianoba – patiosneba, gundis erTianoba, aRebuli val-
debulebebis Sesruleba.
• gamWvirvaloba – Riad moqmedeba da informaciis gaziareba
• sandooba – sakuTari qmedebebiT ndobisa da saimedobis reputaciis Ca-
moyalibeba
aRniSnuli faseulobebi exeba mocemul dokumentSi Camoyalibebul biz-

nes urTierTobebs da warmoadgens yvela biznes urTierTobis safuZvels.
II. biznesi da sazogadoeba

qarTuli biznesis qcevis kodeqsis faseulobebs biznesi iyenebs im qmede-
bebSi, romlebic gavlenas axdenen sazogadoebaze.
• biznesi mudmiv kontaqtSia da TanamSromlobs sazogadoebasTan.
• biznesi iTvaliswinebs momxmarebelTa uflebebs, awarmoebs usafrTxo
produqcias da moqmedebs kanonis farglebSi.
• biznesi tolerantulia da Tavis saqmianobaSi ar eweva religiuri, kul-
turuli, sqesobrivi, rasobrivi, erovnuli, asakobrivi Tu sxva niSniT
diskriminacias.
• bizness Tavisi wvlili Seaqvs sazogadoebrivi problemebis gadaWraSi
im TemSi, sadac mas uwevs muSaoba.
• biznesi pativs scems uflebebs inteleqtualur sakuTrebaze.
III. biznesi biznesTan
kompaniebi erTmaneTTan urTierTobebSi eyrdnobian qarTuli biznesis
qcevis kodeqsis faseulobebs.
• kompania icavs samarTliani konkurenciis principebs.
• kompania zrunavs im informaciis konfidencialobaze, romelic miRe-
bul iqna misi saqmiani urTierTobebis Sedegad da ar gaaxmaurebs ker-
Zo Tu sxva konfidencialur informacias garda kanoniT gaTvaliswi-
nebuli SemTxvevebisa.
• kompania pativs scems kontraqtebisa da biznes urTierTobebis uzena-
esobas.
IV. biznesi da kanoni

biznesi icavs kanons da qarTuli biznesis qcevis kodeqsSi dadgenil fa-
seulobebs iyenebs mTavrobasTan urTierTobaSi.
• qarTuli biznesis qcevis kodeqsi aRiarebs saqarTvelos kanonmdeblo-
bas da ar cdilobs mis Canacvlebas.
• biznesi pativs scems da emorCileba saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobas.
• biznesis urTierTobebi saxelmwifo struqturebTan da politikur
partiebTan aris gamWvirvale da mWidro.
• saxelmwifo struqturebTan problemebis mosagvareblad biznesi yve-
la kanonier saSualebas iyenebs. maT Soris, lobirebas kanonis far-
glebSi. biznesi ar Seecdeba aramarTlzomieri zegavlenis moxdenas po-
litikur procesebze Tu politikur liderebze Tavisi biznes inte-
resebis sasargeblod. amasve moiTxovs politikuri liderebisgan da
politikur procesebSi monawile sxva pirebisagan.
• biznes davebi wydeba davaTa alternatiuli gadawyvetis meqanizmis an
sasamarTlos gziT.
• biznesi axorcielebs samewarmeo saqmianobasTan dakavSirebuli kanon-
mdeblobis cvlilebebis monitorings biznes sazogadoebis sxva war-
momadgenlebTan partnioruli TanamSromlobis farglebSi da saWiro-
ebis SemTxvevaSi erTveba kanonproeqtebis momzadebis procesSi.
• biznesi pativs scems saqarTvelos erovnul interesebs da zrunavs
qveynis saerTaSoriso imijis zrdaze.
• biujetTan angariSsworeba aris gamWvirvale.
V. biznesi da media
biznesi mas mediasTan urTierTobaSi eyrdnoba qarTuli biznesis qcevis
kodeqsis faseulobebs.
• sazogadoebrivi da mediasTan urTierTobebi biznesis saqmianobis ga-
nuyofeli nawilia.
• biznesi aqveynebs yovelwliuri socialuri pasuxismgeblobis angariSs.
• biznesi uars ambobs arakeTilsindisieri sareklamo kampaniis warmoe-
baze.
VI. biznesis Sida garemo

biznesi dainteresebul mxareebTan da dasaqmebulebTan urTierTobebSi
eyrdnoba qarTuli biznesis qcevis kodeqsis faseulobebs.
• biznesi awarmoebs Ria politikas samuSaos anazRaurebasTan, premieb-

Tan da sxva pirobebTan dakavSirebiT, rac Cadebulia koleqtiur da
individualur dasaqmebis kontraqtebSi, kompaniis Sinaganawessa da
sxva msgavs Sida dokumentebSi.
• Tanabari samuSao pirobebi, jansaRi da usafrTxo samuSao garemos Seq-
mna da aradiskriminaciuli politikis gatareba mniSvnelovani garan-
tia daqiravebis, dawinaurebis, anazRaurebis, damatebiTi socialuri
garantiebis, TanamSromelTa profesiuli zrdisa da maTi mxridan biz-
nesisadmi loialobis waxalisebisaTvis.
• biznesi ebrZvis genderuli diskriminaciis faqtebs, miiswrafvis gen-
deruli Tanasworobisadmi, rac TanamSromlebs Soris Tanabari kon-
kurentuli garemos Seqmnis erT-erTi pirobaa.
• biznesi uzrunvelyofs xelmZRvanel pirTa xelmisawvdomobas da gax-
snilobas TanamSromelTa mxridan saqmian winadadebaTa mimarT.
• TanamSromelTa mier biznesis saxelisa da aqtivebis gamoyeneba xdeba
biznesis sasikeTod.
• biznesiT dainteresebuli mxareebi – maT Soris mmarTvelebi, sabWos
wevrebi da muSa-mosamsaxureebi – Tavs arideben potenciur interes-
Ta konfliqts. potenciuri interesTa konfliqti maSin warmoiqmneba,
roca dainteresebul mxares pirdapiri an iribi gare interesi amoZra-
vebs, rac konfliqtSi modis biznesisadmi mis pasuxismgeblobasTan an
negatiurad moqmedebs masze am pasuxismgeblobis ganxorcielebisas.
rekomendaciebi qarTuli biznesis qcevis kodeqsis

gansaxorcieleblad
yvela sawarmos, romelsac surs saerTaSoriso biznesis sazogadoebis na-

wili gaxdes, vurCevT ganaxorcielos Semdegi qmedebani qarTuli biznesis
qcevis kodeqsis mixedviT:
• daadginos Sesabamis qmedebebze pasuxismgebeli konkretuli piri;
• mocemuli kodeqsis principebis safuZvelze Camoayalibos faseulo-

bebi an biznesis qcevis kodeqsi da Seusabamos isini im konkretul ga-
remoebebs, romlebSic mas uwevs muSaoba;
• SeimuSavos strategia, saxelmZRvanelo, eTikuri normativebi da sawar-

mos TanamSromelTa wvrTnis programa kodeqsSi Camoyalibebul mo-
TxovnaTa Sesrulebisa da praqtikuli ganxorcielebis mizniT;
• warudginos SemuSavebuli qcevis kodeqsi sawarmos yvela axal Tanam-

Sromels da moTxovos masze xelis mowera Sromis xelSekrulebasTan
erTad;
• sawarmos TiToeuli TanamSromlisaTvis SeimuSavos Tanamdebobrivi

instruqcia da gaacnos masze dakisrebuli movaleobebi;
• uzrunvelyos biznesis warmoebis sajarooba. saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi

mas medias miawodos Sesabamisi masalebi da publikaciebi.
saqarTvelos prokuraturis muSakTa

eTikis kodeqsi
(nawyveti)
Tavi 1.
zogadi debulebani
muxli 1. kodeqsis mizani
1. saqarTvelos prokuraturis muSakTa eTikis kodeqsi (SemdgomSi – ko-
deqsi) ayalibebs prokuraturis muSakTa qcevis iseT standartebs, rom-
lebic Seesabameba sajaro interess.
2. kodeqsis mizania prokuraturis muSakTa qcevis normebis damkvidre-
ba, romlebic xels uwyoben:
a) Tanamdebobis Sesabamisi pasuxismgeblobisa da samarTlianobis
principebis ganmtkicebas prokuraturis muSakis saqmianobaSi;
b) prokuraturis muSakis mier samsaxurebriv movaleobaTa profesi-
onalur ganxorcielebas;
g) adamianis uflebaTa dacvas sayovelTaod miRebuli standartebiT;
d) samarTliani, efeqturi, miukerZoebeli da kvalificiuri sisxlis-
samarTlebrivi devnis ganxorcielebas;
e) marTlmsajulebis upirobo da efeqturi aRsrulebis miznebisa da
amocanebis Sesrulebas;
v) profesiul da pirad saqmianobaSi prokuraturis muSakis mier ka-
nonis moTxovnebis ganuxrel dacvas;
z) saqarTvelos prokuraturis mimarT sazogadoebis ndobisa da pa-
tiviscemis ganmtkicebas.
Tavi 2.
zogadi eTikuri normebi
muxli 4. moraluri standartebi
1. prokuraturis muSaks gacnobierebuli unda hqondes, rom sakuTari pro-
fesiis mniSvnelobidan gamomdinare, mas sazogadoebis winaSe gaaCnia sa-
jaro mosamsaxurisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli eTikuri valdebulebebi.
2. prokuraturis muSaki unda moqmedebdes patiosnebisa da pasuxismgeb-
lobis maRali standartebiT. igi Tavis saqmianobaSi unda xelmZRvane-
lobdes kulturis, Tavazianobis, Rirsebis, urTierTpativiscemis,
ndobis, miukerZoeblobis, samarTlianobisa da obieqturobis princi-
pebiT, sayovelTaod aRiarebuli eTikis normebiT. prokuraturis mu-
Saki xels unda uwyobdes prokuraturis mimarT sazogadoebis rwmeni-
sa da ndobis ganmtkicebas.
muxli 5. adamianis uflebebisa da Tavisuflebebis dacva
1. prokuraturis muSaki unda acnobierebdes, pativi unda sces da icav-
des saqarTvelos konstitutuciT, kanonmdeblobiT da saerTaSori-
so xelSekrulebebiT aRiarebul adamianis uflebebsa da Tavisufle-
bebs. pirovnebis Rirsebis pativiscemis sayovelTao principi saval-
debuloa prokuraturis muSakisaTvis.
2. prokuraturis muSaki valdebulia xeli Seuwyos nebismieri saxis dis-

kriminaciis aRmofxvras.
muxli 6. sazogadoebasTan urTierToba
1. sazogadoebasTan urTierTobisas prokuraturis muSaki pativiscemiT
unda moepyros Tanamosaubreebs, sakuTari mosazrebebis gamoTqmisas
taqtianad unda gamoxatavdes dasabuTebul kritikas. prokuraturis
muSaki valdebulia pativi sces sxva piris sityvis, azrisa da gamoxat-
vis Tavisuflebas, Tu amiT ar ilaxeba mesame pirTa uflebebi da Tavi-
suflebebi.
2. dauSvebelia iseTi Sexedulebebis gamoxatva, romelic miznad isaxavs
piris SezRudvas an Seuracxyofis miyenebas rasis, kanis feris, enis,
sqesis, religiis, politikuri Tu sxva Sexedulebebis, erovnuli, eTni-
kuri Tu socialuri kuTvnilebis, qonebrivi da wodebrivi mdgomare-
obis niSniT.
muxli 7. damoukidebloba da gavlenisagan Tavisufleba
1. prokuraturis muSaki Tavisufali unda iyos masobrivi informaciis
saSualebebis da calkeul pirebis (maT Soris, Tanamdebobis pirTa) gav-
lenisagan da daemorCilos mxolod kanons, sasamarTlo praqtikas, Si-
dauwyebriv miTiTebebsa da zogad sajaro interess.
2. prokuraturis muSaki valdebulia sruli pasuxismgebloba aiRos Ta-
vis qmedebebze. dauSvebelia sakuTar gadawyvetilebaze pasuxismgeb-
lobis moxsna zemdgomi Tanamdebobis piris mier gacemul davalebaze
miTiTebiT.
3. prokuraturis muSaki valdebulia Tavi Seikavos romelime politiku-
ri partiisa Tu gaerTianebis mimarT sakuTari damokidebulebis saja-
rod gamoxatvisagan. dauSvebelia prokuraturis muSakis mier reli-
giuri kuTvnilebis an politikuri mrwamsis niSnebis aSkara demon-
strireba.
Tavi 3.
prokuraturis muSaki profesiuli movaleobis Sesrulebisas
muxli 8. samsaxurebrivi mdgomareobis gamoyeneba
1. prokuraturis muSaki valdebulia misTvis miniWebuli uflebamosile-
ba gamoiyenos mxolod kanoniT mkacrad gansazRvruli miznebisaTvis.
2. dauSvebelia:
a) samsaxurebrivi mdgomareobis gamoyeneba nebismier pirze ukanono
zewolisaTvis;
b) samsaxurebrivi mdgomareobis gamoyeneba produqciisa Tu momsaxu-
rebis reklamisaTvis;
g) samsaxurebrivi droisa da qonebis, aseve sxva TanamSromelTa dro-
isa da qonebis gamoyeneba arasamsaxurebrivi miznebisaTvis (es wesi
ar vrceldeba samsaxurebriv-saStato iaraRisa da samsaxurebrivi
transportis gamoyenebaze);
d) piradi interesebisaTvis im informaciis gamoyeneba, romelic mis-

Tvis cnobili gaxda samsaxurebrivi movaleobis SesrulebasTan da-
kavSirebiT, Tu es zians miayenebs saqarTvelos prokuraturis inte-
resebs;
e) SeRavaTebiT sargebloba produqciisa da momsaxurebis SeZenisas im
pirisagan, romelic axorcielebs saqarTvelos prokuraturisaT-
vis produqciis an momsaxurebis miwodebas.
muxli 9. damoukidebloba, miukerZoebloba da samarTlianoba
1. samsaxurebrivi movaleobis Sesrulebisas prokuraturis muSaki mkac-
rad unda icavdes kerZo interesebisagan damoukideblobis, miukerZo-
eblobisa da samarTlianobis principebs. konkretul sisxlis samar-
Tlis saqmesTan dakavSirebiT igi ar unda moeqces calkeul pirebis (maT
Soris, Tanamdebobis pirTa), masobrivi informaciis saSualebebisa Tu
sazogadoebrivi azris gavlenis qveS. prokuroris muSaoba nebismier
sisxlis samarTlis saqmeze unda akmayofilebdes samarTlianobis, mi-
ukerZoeblobisa da efeqturobis standartebs.
2. prokuraturis muSaki pativs unda scemdes udanaSaulobis prezumfci-
isa da kanonis winaSe Tanasworobis principebs, rogorc uzenaes samar-
Tlebriv Rirebulebebs.
muxli 10. efeqturoba da profesionalizmi
1. prokuraturis muSaki valdebulia profesionalizmis maRali xaris-
xiT da pasuxismgeblobiT Seasrulos masze kanoniT dakisrebuli mo-
valeobebi.
2. prokuraturis muSaki profesiuli movaleobis Sesrulebisas unda
unergavdes yvela mxares marTlmsajulebisadmi pativiscemas.
3. samsaxurebrivi movaleobis ganxorcielebisas prokuraturis muSaki
valdebulia gaufrTxildes saqarTvelos prokuraturis qonebas, iye-
nebdes mas mxolod samsaxurebrivi miznebisaTvis. samsaxurebrivi mo-
Ziebis Sedegad Tu gamovlindeba prokuraturis muSakis pasuxismgeb-
lobis safuZveli, am ukanasknelma unda aanazRauros prokuraturi-
saTvis miyenebuli materialuri ziani saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT
dadgenili wesiT.
muxli 11. iuridiuli daxmareba
prokuraturis muSakma Tavi unda Seikavos samarTlebrivi konsulta-
ciebis micemisa da iuridiuli daxmarebis gawevisagan nebismieri piri-
saTvis, Tu es ewinaaRmdegeba kanonmdeblobis moTxovnebs an saqarTve-
los prokuraturis interesebs.
muxli 12. kolegebTan urTierToba
1. kolegebTan urTierTobisas prokuraturis muSaki unda xelmZRvane-
lobdes profesiuli solidarobis principiT.
2. prokuraturis muSaki:
a) xels unda uwyobdes kolegebs Soris urTierTndobis damkvidrebas
da Tavs unda aridebdes piradi Tu sxva saxis konfliqtebis warmo-
Sobas an gaRvivebas;
b) sakuTar gamocdilebas unda uziarebdes im kolegebs, romelTa kva-

lifikacia da samuSao gamocdileba amas saWiroebs;
g) Tavs unda ikavebdes kolegis saqmianobaSi Carevisagan;
d) ar unda iTxovdes kolegisagan iseTi momsaxurebis gawevas, rome-
lic gaarTulebs misTvis dakisrebuli movaleobis Sesrulebas;
e) winaswar ganzraxulad ar unda Seiyvanos kolega SecdomaSi;
v) taqtianad unda gamoxatavdes ukmayofilebas kolegis Secdomasa da
xarvezebze;
z) unda iTvaliswinebdes profesiuli solidarobis da jansaRi samu-
Sao garemos SeqmnisaTvis aucilebel sxva principebsa da normebs.
muxli 13. konfidencialuri informacia
dauSvebelia prokuraturis muSakis xelT arsebuli konfidencialu-
ri informaciis gamoyeneba kerZo interesebis sasargeblod. prokura-
turis muSakma aqtiurad unda imoqmedos, raTa ar dauSvas konfiden-
cialuri informaciis gamoyeneba mesame pirTa interesebisaTvis.
muxli 14. komentarebi sisxlis samarTlis saqmeze
1. dauSvebelia prokuraturis muSakis mier misi an prokuraturis sxva
muSakis warmoebaSi arsebul sisxlis samarTlis saqmeze komentarebis
gakeTeba, Tu es zians miayenebs gamoZiebis interesebs.
2. dauSvebelia prokuraturis muSakis mier misi an prokuraturis sxva
muSakis warmoebaSi arsebul sisxlis samarTlis saqmeze komentarebis
gakeTeba, Tu es zians miayenebs procesis romelime monawiles, garda
im SemTxvevisa, rodesac sajaro interesi moiTxovs sazogadoebis
informirebas mocemul sakiTxze an informaciis gamoqveyneba emsaxu-
reba saxelmwifo braldebis mxardaWeris mizans.
3. prokuraturis muSaki valdebulia sajarod ar gamoxatos iseTi Sexe-
duleba, romelic ewinaaRmdegeba braldebis oficialur pozicias kon-
kretul sisxlis samarTlis saqmeze.
muxli 15. sisxlis samarTlis procesis monawileebTan urTierToba
1. sisxlis samarTlis procesis monawileebTan urTierTobisas proku-
raturis muSaki valdebulia ixelmZRvanelos am kodeqsiT, Sidauwyeb-
rivi normebiT da standartebiT, romlebic mimarTulia sisxlis samar-
Tlis procesSi monawile mxareTa mimarT eTikuri da profesionalu-
ri qcevis uzrunvelyofisaken.
2. prokuraturis muSaki valdebulia saqmis ganxilvis winasasamarTlo
da sasamarTlo stadiaze Tavi Seikavos saqmis ganmxilvel mosamar-
TlesTan rogorc profesiuli, ise araprofesiuli motiviT urTier-
Tobisagan, (uSualod saqmis sasamarTlo ganxilvis stadiis garda),
droulad gamocxaddes sasamarTlos sxdomaze, daicvas oficialuri
Cacmulobis stili sasamarTloSi, Tavi Seikavos damamcirebeli an Se-
uracxmyofeli qmedebebisagan an gancxadebebis gakeTebisagan, proce-
sis nebismieri monawilis mimarT gansakuTrebiT keTilganwyobili an
zedmetad negatiuri damokidebulebis gamoxatvisagan, aseve saqmisadmi
piradi damokidebulebis gamovlenisagan.
muxli 16. Seuferebeli mdgomareoba

1. prokuraturis muSaki samsaxurebrivi movaleobis Sesrulebisas, ar
unda imyofebodes alkoholuri Tu sxva Zliermoqmedi nivTierebis ze-
moqmedebis qveS, an sxva mdgomareobaSi, romelic Seuferebelia pro-
kuraturis muSakis RirsebisaTvis.
2. prokuraturis SenobaSi alkoholuri sasmelis miReba dasaSvebia mxo-
lod oficialur RonisZiebaTa farglebSi.
muxli 17. samsaxurebrivi-saStato iaraRisa da samsaxurebrivi daniSnule-
bis piradobis mowmobis gamoyeneba
1. prokuraturis muSaki valdebulia daicvas saqarTvelos kanonmdeblo-
bis moTxovnebi samsaxurebrivi-saStato iaraRis da samsaxurebrivi da-
niSnulebis piradobis mowmobis Senaxvisa da tarebisas.
2. prokuraturis muSaki valdebulia Tavi Seikavos samsaxurebriv- saS-
tato iaraRisa da samsaxurebrivi daniSnulebis piradobis mowmobis
sazogadoebaSi demonstrirebisagan saWiroebis gareSe.
3. prokuraturis muSaks ekrZaleba kanoniT dadgenili wesis darRveviT
sxva pirs gadasces masze gapirovnebuli samsaxurebrivi-saStato ia-
raRi an samsaxurebrivi daniSnulebis piradobis mowmoba.
Tavi 4.
masobrivi informaciis saSualebebTan urTierToba
muxli 18. sajaro gancxadeba
1. masobrivi informaciis saSualebebiTa da sajaro gamosvlebis dros
gakeTebuli oficialuri werilobiTi an sityvieri gancxadebebi unda
iyos saqmiani da kargad gaazrebuli. mxedvelobaSi unda iqnes miRebu-
li is faqti, rom es gancxadebebi SeiZleba aRqmuli iqnes, rogorc sa-
qarTvelos prokuraturis pozicia.
2. prokuraturis muSaks, romelic akeTebs gancxadebas masobrivi
informaciis saSualebebisaTvis, ar ekrZaleba, saqmis garemoebaTa
gaTvaliswinebiT, miawodos masobrivi informaciis saSualebebs im mo-
culobis obieqturi informacia, romelic am droisaTvis misTvis
aris cnobili.
Tavi 5.
interesTa SeuTavsebloba
muxli 19. Seuferebeli saqmianoba
prokuraturis muSaki valdebulia Tavi Seikavos nebismieri qmedebis
ganxorcielebisagan, ramac SeiZleba obieqturad eWvqveS daayenos misi
damoukidebloba an gavlena iqonios mis samsaxurebriv saqmianobaze.
muxli 20. interesTa SeuTavsebloba
1. prokuraturis muSakma unda daicvas `sajaro samsaxurSi interesTa
SeuTavseblobisa da korufciis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanonis mo-
Txovnebi.
2. prokuraturis muSaki, romelsac gaaCnia saqarTvelos prokuraturis

kompetencias mikuTvnebuli sakiTxis mimarT qonebrivi an sxva piradi
interesi, valdebulia kanoniT dadgenili wesiT ganacxadosTviTaci-
lebis Sesaxeb da ar miiRos monawileoba sakiTxis ganxilvasa da gada-
wyvetaSi.
muxli 21. saCuqari
1. kanoniT akrZaluli saCuqris miReba isjeba saqarTvelos sisxlis sa-
marTlis kanonmdeblobiT.
2. prokuraturis muSakma Tavi unda Seikavos saCuqris miRebisagan, Tu
amgvari qmedeba warmoadgens masze zegavlenis moxdenis mcdelobas, an
SesaZloa momavalSi moaxdinos aseTi zegavlena.
3. SesaZlo interesTa SeuTavseblobis SemTxvevaSi prokuraturis muSak-
ma Tavi unda Seikavos iuridiuli an fizikuri pirisagan nebismieri sa-
xis sargeblis miRebisagan.
Tavi 6.
kodeqsis aRsrulebis meqanizmebi
muxli 22. kodeqsis aRsruleba
1. am kodeqsis moTxovnaTa darRveva ganixileba, rogorc prokuraturis
muSakisaTvis Seuferebeli saqcieli, rac gamoiwvevs `prokuraturis
Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos organuli kanoniT gaTvaliswinebul discipli-
nur pasuxismgeblobas.
2. prokuraturis muSaks ufleba aqvs daasabuTos sakuTari qmedebis Se-
sabamisoba eTikis kodeqsis ZiriTad principebTan da warmoadginos
aRniSnuli qmedebis motivacia.
3. am kodeqsis moTxovnaTa darRvevis faqtebze saqarTvelos generalu-
ri prokuraturis generaluri inspeqcia atarebs samsaxurebriv moZi-
ebas da saqarTvelos generalur prokurors warudgens moZiebis masa-
lebs, aseve winadadebebs prokuraturis muSakis mimarT disciplinu-
ri pasuxismgeblobis RonisZiebis gamoyenebis mizanSewonilobis Tao-
baze.
4. saqarTvelos generaluri prokurori uflebamosilia samsaxurebri-
vi moZiebis masala Sesaswavlad gadasces prokuraturis sabWos, rome-
lic afasebs konkretuli saqcielis Seusabamobas am kodeqsis moTxov-
nebTan da sakuTar daskvnas warudgens generalur prokurors.
sazogadoebrivi mauwyeblis qcevis kodeqsi

(nawyveti)
Cven viswrafviT davicvaT:

sizuste – davadginoT simarTle da zustad avsaxoT mimdinare movlenebi.
daveyrdnoT utyuar faqtebs, zust monacemebs da sando wyaroebs. ar Seviy-
vanoT SecdomaSi auditoria Seumowmebeli informaciis gavrcelebiT.
miukerZoebloba – viyoT miukerZoeblebi. SeviswavloT da samarTlianad

avsaxoT gansxvavebuli poziciebi sakamaTo sakiTxis Sesaxeb. davicvaT balan-
si da ar gamovxatoT arc erTi poziciis mxardaWera. uyuradRebod ar dav-
tovoT arc erTi sagulisxmo da Rirebuli azri.
saredaqcio damoukidebloba – davicvaT saredaqcio damoukidebloba da

miviRoT politikuri, komerciuli Tu sxva interesebisgan Tavisufali ga-
dawyvetilebebi. Cveni qmedebiT ar SevlaxoT sazogadoebrivi mauwyeblis mi-
ukerZoebloba da damoukidebloba.
keTilsindisiereba – keTilsindisierad da Tavazianad moveqceT respon-

dents. mivceT mas pasuxis gacemis saSualeba. logikuri dasabuTebis SemTxve-
vaSi, davicvaT respondentis anonimuroba.
piradi cxovrebis xelSeuxebloba – pativi vceT da ar davarRvioT piradi

cxovrebis xelSeuxeblobis ufleba. dausabuTeblad, sazogadoebrivi inte-
resis gareSe, ar vaqcioT individis piradi cxovrebis detalebi sajaro msje-
lobis sagnad.
sazogadoebrivi faseulobebi – samarTlianad avsaxoT sinamdvile, ada-

mianuri gamocdilebis dadebiTi da uaryofiTi aspeqtebi, magram pasuxis-
mgeblobiT movekidoT iseTi sakiTxebis gaSuqebas, romlebic sazogadoebis
garkveuli jgufebisTvis SeiZleba saziano an Seuracxmyofeli iyos.
bavSvebi – vizrunoT arasrulwlovanTa ganviTarebaze. davicvaT bavSvebi

maTTvis saziano da Seuferebeli masalisagan.
mravalferovneba – samarTlianad gavaSuqoT qveyanaSi mcxovreb umcire-

sobebsa da sazogadoebriv jgufebTan dakavSirebuli Temebi.
Tanasworoba – ar davuSvaT adamianTa diskriminacia religiuri, eTniku-

ri, rasobrivi, genderuli Tu seqsualuri orientaciis niSniT
angariSvaldebuleba – vixelmZRvaneloT sazogadoebis interesebiT. da-

vexmaroT mas informirebuli gadawyvetilebis miRebaSi. movusminoT maT rCe-
vebs da pretenziebs. daufaravad da dauyovnebliv gamovasworoT Secdome-
bi. mudam gvaxsovdes, rom
Cven vmuSaobT sazogadoebisTvis da sazogadoebasTan erTad
saqarTvelos samosamarTlo eTikis kodeqsi
Tavi I.
kodeqsis miznebi da amocanebi
muxli 1
es kodeqsi adgens saqarTvelos saerTo sasamarTloebis mosamarTleTaT-
vis samosamarTlo eTikis ZiriTad principebs, qcevis wesebsa da standar-
tebs, romlebic mosamarTlem unda daicvas rogorc samsaxureobrivi mo-
valeobis Sesrulebis, ise sxva saqmianobis ganxorcielebisas da pirad
cxovrebaSi.
muxli 2
kodeqsis mizania, xeli Seuwyos marTlmsajulebis damoukideblobis, mi-
ukerZoeblobisa da sasamarTlo xelisuflebis erTianobis ganmtkicebas,
sasamarTlo xelisuflebisadmi sazogadoebis ndobisa da rwmenis amaR-
lebas, mosamarTlis Tanamdebobis prestiJisa da avtoritetis dacvas.
muxli 3
samosamarTlo eTikis normis darRveva kanonmdeblobiT dadgenil Sem-
TxvevaSi iwvevs mosamarTlis disciplinur pasuxismgeblobas.
Tavi II.
samosamarTlo eTikis zogadi principebi
muxli 4
mosamarTle unda iyos kanonis, mosamarTlis ficisa da movaleobis
erTguli, marTlmsajulebis ganxorcielebisas – kanonisa da samarTlis
uzenaesobis garanti.
muxli 5
mosamarTle unda ganamtkicebdes sazogadoebriv rwmenas marTlmsaju-
lebis damoukideblobis, Seuvalobis, samarTlianobis, siwmindisa da mi-
ukerZoeblobisadmi.
muxli 6
mosamarTle unda ufrTxildebodes marTlmsajulebis prestiJs da ar
iqceodes
sasamarTlos avtoritetisa da mosamarTlis wodebisaTvis Seufereblad.
muxli 7
mosamarTle sajarod ar unda gamoxatavdes uaryofiT azrs an Sexedule-
bas sxva
mosamarTlisa da kolegis profesionalizmsa Tu pirad Tvisebebze.
muxli 8
mosamarTle upativcemulod ar unda ixseniebdes sxva mosamarTlis mier
saqmeze miRebul gadawyvetilebas.
muxli 9
mosamarTlem azris gamoTqmis, rwmenisa da gaerTianebis uflebiT sar-
geblobisas
ar unda Selaxos marTlmsajulebis Rirseba, miukerZoebloba da damou-
kidebloba...
muxli 10
mosamarTlem, romelic daarRvevs samosamarTlo eTikis normas, unda
izrunos misi
qmedebiT gamowveuli zianis gamosasworeblad.
Tavi III.
mosamarTlis qcevis wesebi samosamarTlo
uflebamosilebebis ganxorcielebisas
muxli 11
mosamarTle marTlmsajulebis ganxorcielebisas damoukidebelia da ga-
dawyvetilebas iRebs mxolod kanonis, saerTaSoriso samarTlis sayovel-
Taod aRiarebuli principebisa da normebis Sesabamisad.
muxli 12
mosamarTle samosamarTlo uflebamosilebas unda axorcielebdes Rir-
seulad,
keTilsindisierad, uangarod da miukerZoeblad.
muxli 13
mosamarTle gadawyvetilebis gamotanisas unda iyos damoukidebeli da
Seuvali; misi azri ar unda meryeobdes politikuri, socialuri, mxaris
interesis, sazogadoebrivi zemoqmedebis an sxvagvari urTierTobis ze-
gavlenis gamo, anda kritikis SiSiT.
muxli 14
samosamarTlo movaleobis Sesrulebisas mosamarTle Tavisufali unda
iyos yovelgvari winaswar Seqmnili an akviatebuli azris, Sexedulebis,
crurwmenisa Tu ganwyobisagan. igi unda moeridos iseT qcevas (mimikas,
gamometyvelebas, Jestikulacias da sxva), romelsac procesis monawile-
ni aRiqvamen winaswar Seqmnil an akviatebul Sexedulebad.
muxli 15
dauSvebelia, rom mosamarTlis rasobriv, erovnul, eTnikur, enobriv, wo-
debriv,
Tanamdebobriv, qonebriv, religiur, sqesobriv kuTvnilebasTan, invali-
dobasTan,
seqsualur orientaciasTan, wodebriv-Tanamdebobriv statusTan an sxva
garemoebebTan dakavSirebuli Sexedulebani gavlenas axdendnen gadawyve-
tilebis kanonierebasa an sxva movaleobis saTanadod ganxorcielebaze.
muxli 16
dauSvebelia, mosamarTle konkretul saqmeze winaswar aTanxmebdes misa-
Reb gadawyvetilebas, anda raime formiT angariSs abarebdes am gadawyve-
tilebis gamo.
muxli 17
mosamarTlem ar unda Seasrulos iseTi davaleba Tu rekomendacia, rome-
lic raime formiT xelyofs mis damoukideblobas.
muxli 18
mosamarTle pativiscemiT, yuradRebiT da koreqtulad unda moekidos
presisa da masobrivi informaciis sxva saSualebebis warmomadgenelTa
interess, moipovon da gaavrcelon informacia marTlmsajulebis ganxor-
cielebis, sasamarTlos saqmianobis an konkretuli saqmis Sesaxeb.
muxli 19
mosamarTle sajarod ar unda gamoTqvamdes azrs an iZleodes ganmarte-
bebs gansaxilveli an ganxilvis procesSi arsebuli saqmis Sesaxeb, Tu es
ar Seexeba saqmis warmoebis organizaciul da teqnikur mxares.
muxli 20
mosamarTle sajarod an pirad saubarSi unda moeridos iseT gancxade-
bas, romelsac SeuZlia warmoSvas safuZvliani winapiroba, rom es gancxa-
deba xels SeuSlis saqmeze kanonieri gadawyvetilebis miRebas.
muxli 21
mosamarTle sajarod an pirad saubarSi ar unda gamoxatavdes Tavis da-
debiT an
uaryofiT ganwyobas gansaxilvel, ganxilvis procesSi arsebul an ukve
ganxilul
saqmeSi monawile romelime mxaris mimarT.
muxli 22
mosamarTle ar unda iyenebdes Seuracxmyofel, damamcirebel sityvebsa
da gamoTqmebs an rasistul Tu Sovinistur terminologias.
muxli 23
mosamarTle unda iyos yuradRebiani, gulisxmieri da koreqtuli im mo-
qalaqis mimarT, romelic sasamarTlos mimarTavs.
muxli 24
mosamarTle sasamarTloSi saqmis ganxilvisas Semosili unda iyos man-
tiiT.
muxli 25
mosamarTle RirsebiTa da Tavazianad unda epyrobodes procesis mona-
wileebs.
muxli 26
mosamarTlem profesiuli movaleobis ganxorcielebisas mopovebuli
informacia ar unda gamoiyenos aradaniSnulebisamebr.
muxli 27
mosamarTle pativs unda scemdes sasamarTlos personals.
muxli 28
mosamarTle Tvalyurs unda adevnebdes, rom sasamarTlos moxele icav-
des profesiuli eTikis normebs, TavSekavebulad moqmedebdes, ar iCen-
des raime mikerZoebas, ar avlendes gansxvavebul damokidebulebas mxa-

reebis mimarT an ar amJRavnebdes winaswar Seqmnil ganwyobas.
muxli 29
mosamarTle valdebulia, reagirebdes sasamarTlos moxelis mier pro-
fesiuli eTikis normis darRvevaze da axorcielebdes Sesabamis Ronis-
Ziebebs.
muxli 30
mosamarTle sistematurad unda imaRlebdes profesiuli codnis dones.
muxli 31
mosamarTle xels unda uwyobdes sasamarTlos moxeleTa profesionaliz-
misa da
kompetenturobis amaRlebas, aZlevdes maT saWiro rCeva-darigebas.
Tavi IV.
mosamarTlis arasamosamarTlo moRvaweoba
muxli 32
mosamarTlis saqmianoba, romelic ar ukavSirdeba samsaxurebriv movale-
obas, dasaSvebia, Tu igi ar ewinaaRmdegeba mosamarTlisa da sasamarTlos
damoukideblobis principebs, ar uqmnis safrTxes sasamarTlos avtori-
tets, ar qmnis eWvis safuZvels samosamarTlo saqmianobis ganxorciele-
bisas mis obieqturobasa da mousyidvelobaSi, ar ewinaaRmdegeba saqar-
Tvelos kanonmdeblobasa da am kodeqss.
muxli 33
mosamarTlisaTvis samosamarTlo movaleobani upirvelesia. mosamarTle
ar SeiZleba eweodes raime anazRaurebad saqmianobas, garda pedagogiu-
ri, samecniero an SemoqmedebiTi saqmianobisa, Tu igi xels ar uSlis sa-
mosamarTlo uflebamosilebis saTanadod ganxorcielebas.
muxli 34
mosamarTlem monawileoba ar unda miiRos mis samsaxurebriv statussa da
movaleobasTan SeuTavsebel garigebaSi.
muxli 35
mosamarTle ar SeiZleba gaxdes wevri iseTi gaerTianebisa, romelic
erTgulebis ficis dadebas moiTxovs, anda eWvqveS ayenebs mosamarTlis
reputacias, zians ayenebs sasamarTlos avtoritets.
muxli 36
mosamarTle ar unda eweodes politikur saqmianobas. igi ar SeiZleba iyos
politikuri organizaciis wevri an asrulebdes partiul davalebas, an
politikuri organizaciis saxeliT gamodiodes sityviT.
muxli 37
mosamarTle sajarod ar unda amJRavnebdes Tavis politikur Sexedule-
bas. akrZalulia misi mxridan nebismieri politikuri propaganda rogorc
sasamarTlo darbazSi, ise mis gareT.
muxli 38
mosamarTlem sajarod an sxva formiT mxari ar unda dauWiros kandida-
turas saxelmwifo politikur Tanamdebobaze an gamovides mis winaaRmdeg.
muxli 39
mosamarTles ekrZaleba gaficva. mas ara aqvs ufleba, raime motiviT, ko-
leqtiurad Tu individualurad, uari Tqvas an sxvas mouwodos samsaxu-
rebrivi da profesiuli movaleobis Seusruleblobisaken.
muxli 40
mosamarTlem sasamarTlos moxelesac unda urCios, rom Tavi Seikavos po-
litikuri saqmianobis an politikuri Sexedulebis demonstrirebisagan.
muxli 41
mosamarTles ufleba aqvs, gamoxatos pozicia sakuTar an sxva qveyanaSi
profesiuli movaleobis SesrulebisaTvis mosamarTlis an sxva iuridi-
uli profesiis adamianis Seviwroebis, devnis, daucvelobis, zewolis an
mis saqmianobaSi ukanono Carevis gamo.
muxli 42
mosamarTles ufleba aqvs, ekavos raime Tanamdeboba sazogadoebriv sa-
wyisebze an monawileobdes iseT saxelmwifo, an sazogadoebriv komisia-
Si, romelic dakavSirebulia sakanonmdeblo saqmianobasTan, marTlmsa-
julebis ganxorcielebis srulyofasTan, sxva samarTlebriv an iseT ara-
samarTlebriv sakiTxebTan, romlebic am kodeqsis moTxovnas ar ewinaaR-
mdegeba.
muxli 43
mosamarTles ufleba aqvs, kanonmdeblobiT gaTvaliswinebul SemTxveva-
Si, warmoadgendes qveyanas an mis romelime administraciul erTeuls
oficialur ceremonialze, kulturul – saganmanaTleblo RonisZieba-
ze an Rirssaxsovar TariRTan dakavSirebiT.
muxli 44
mosamarTles ufleba aqvs, iyos Tavisi an ucxo qveynis (qalaqis an sxva
administraciuli erTeulis) sapatio moqalaqe.
korufciis kvleva
umaRles saswavleblebSi
Sexedulebebi, problemebi, gadaWris gzebi
meToduri saxelmZRvanelo Seiqmna korufciis winaaRmdeg brZolis
erovnuli programisa da gaerTianebuli erebis organizaciis mier
dafinansebuli proeqtis – `korufciis prevencia ganaTlebis,
sazogadoebis informirebisa da TviTSegnebis amaRlebis gziT~ –
safuZvelze.
masalebze muSaobdnen:
iolanta piliponite, `Transparency International~ litva;
doqtori arunas povilunasi, vilniusis universiteti;
doqotri romas prakapasi, litvis pedagogiuri universiteti;
natalia rumianceva, vanderbiltis universiteti;
vitalia skeruvene, kaunasis kolegia;
gintare Satene, Saulaiskis universiteti;
doqtori tadas tamoSunasi, vilniusis pedagogiuri universiteti;
vaiva zuzaviCute, vitautas didis saxelobis universiteti.
Semdgeneli:
daiva penkauskine, Tanamedrove didaqtikis centri
recenzentebi:
profesori, doqtori iuzas bagdanaviCusi
docenti, doqtori valdone indraSene
121
winasityvaoba
meToduri saxelmZRvanelo – `korufciis kvleva umaRles saswavlebleb-

Si: Sexedulebebi, problemebi, gadaWris gzebi~ – gankuTvnilia umaRlesi
saswavleblebis pedagogebisa da studentebisaTvis. gamocemaSi warmodge-
nilia: orwliani proeqtis – `korufciis prevencia ganaTlebis, sazogado-
ebis informirebis da cnobierebis amaRlebis gziT~ – Sedegebi; saswavlo
programebi da gegmebi, romlebic socialur mecnierebebSi antikorufci-
uli aRzrdis SesaZleblobas asaxaven. proeqti gaerTianebuli erebis orga-
nizaciis ganviTarebis programisa da litvis respublikis mTavrobis mxar-
daWeriT xorcieldeboda da masSi gaTvaliswinebuli iyo korufciis wina-
aRmdeg brZolis erovnuli programis debulebebis SemuSaveba. gamocemis
mizania mocemuli programiT xeli Seuwyos – `korufciis nebismieri gamov-
linebisadmi Seuwynareblobas /.../, mocemuli saswavlo programebis Semu-
Savebasa da danergvas ganaTlebis sistemaSi~.
meToduri saxelmZRvanelos mkiTxvelebs saSualeba eZlevaT ara marto
gamoiyenon SemuSavebuli saswavlo programebi, aramed amomwuravi infor-
macia miiRon msoflioSi, litvaSi da ufro konkertulad, umaRlesi ganaT-
lebis sistemaSi korufciis gamovlinebebis Sesaxeb. isini gaecnobian koruf-
ciisdmi studentebisa da maswavleblebis damokidebulebas. gamocemis bo-
los mocemulia ZiriTadi cnebebis leqsikoni da gamoyenebuli literatu-
risa da wyaroebis nusxa.
saxelmZRvaneloSi mocemuli masala proeqtis monawileTa saavtoro
naSromebs warmoadgens. TiToeuli maTgani amzadebda programas Tavisi
saswavleblis moTxovnebis, specifikisa da mocemuli sagnis SesaZleblo-
bebis gaTvaliswinebiT. proeqtis monawileebs da programebis avtorebs
gaTviTcnobierebuli hqondaT, rom maTi naSromebi sacdeli xasiaTisaa da
imedovneben, rom sxva umaRlesi saswavleblebis pedagogebi mocemul ga-
mocemaze dayrdnobiT axal, originalur programebsa da sakuTar modu-
lebs SeimuSaveben.
Semdgeneli
123
iolanta piliponite
korufciis fenomeni
Sesavali
bolo dros ganuwyvetliv gvesmis, vxedavT da Zalauneburad vgrZnobT,
rom korufcia nisliviT exveva Cveni saxelmwifos TiToeul kuTxes, Cvens
ezosac ki. maSinve ibadeba kiTxva: ra aris es – epidemia Tu, ubralod, pos-
tmodernistuli arsebobis morigi orWofoba? am SemTxvevaSi Zalze mniS-
vnelovania masobrivi informaciis saSualebebis, gansakuTrebiT ki, tele-
viziis roli. advilad SesamCnevia, rom Cven TiTqmis yoveldRiurad gvaw-
vdian informacias korufciis gamovlinebis Sesaxeb sxvadasxva samTavro-
bo doneze Tu pirad cxovrebaSi. amgvarad, bolo dros, korufciis Tema Zal-
ze aqtualuria. litvis sazogadoeba da saqmiani wreebis warmomadgenlebi
erTsulovanni arian imaSi, rom korufcia sakmaod Zlier dabrkolebas war-
moadgens qveynis cxovrebisa Tu samewarmeo saqmianobisaTvis. Tumca, para-
doqsulia is faqti, rom Cveni qveynis moqalaqeTa da mewarmeTa umravleso-
ba SekiTxvaze – miscemdnen Tu ara isini qrTams? – dauyovnebliv pasuxoben:
`diax~ (korufciuli ruka..., 2004, gv.13). ibadeba kiTxva, rogor ganvsa-
zRvroT da avxsnaT es mravalferovani da, SesaZloa, orazrovani koruf-
ciis movlena da ra unda moimoqmedos samoqalaqo sazogadoebam?
statiis mizania korufciis gansazRvrebasTan dakavSirebuli proble-
matikis ganxilva, korufciis analizis Teoriuli perspeqtivebis gamomJRav-
neba, korufciis diagnostikis, rogorc misi kontrolisa da prevenciis erT-
erTi efeqturi saSualebis, ganxilva, korufciis prevenciisa da masSi sa-
moqalaqo sazogadoebis rolis Sesaxeb j. popis sistemuri Sexedulebis
axsna. statiis pirvel nawilSi ganixileba korufciis gansazRvris aspeqte-
bi da, agreTve, amaSi kanonmdeblobis, sajaro interesisa da sazogadoebri-
vi azris roli. meore nawili eZRvneba korufciis gansazRvris procesSi war-
moqmnil problemaTa analizs. mesame nawilSi ganxilulia ori Teoriuli
perspeqtiva: korufciis erT-erTi yvelaze gavleniani mkvlevaris –
a. haidenhaimeris Sexeduleba, romlis meSveobiTac ganixileba korufciis
yvela saxeoba da warmoebs maTi analizi. agreTve, moyvanilia warmdgeneli-
sa da wardgenilis Sexeduleba, romelic xsnis, Tu ra xdeba, rodesac war-
mdgeneli Zalauflebas wardgenils gadascems. meoTxe nawili eTmoba diag-
nostikas, romelic korufciis susti sferoebis dadgenis saSualebas iZle-
va da, amgvarad, qmediTi antikorufciuli programebis formirebas uwyobs
xels. mexuTe nawilSi ganxilulia samoqalaqo sazogadoebis roli da
j. popis sistemuri Sexeduleba korufciis prevenciaze. statiis daskvniT
nawilSi mocemulia ganxiluli Sexedulebebis Sejameba.
korufciis gansazRvris ZiebaSi

korufciis mkvlevar norvegiel mecnierTa azriT, aRniSnuli rTuli mov-
lena sxvadasxva Teoriuli modelebis gamoyenebiT, kvlevebis CatarebiT,
korufciis calkeuli faqtebisa da skandalebis detaluri analiziT, tran-

sdisciplinarul konteqstSi unda ganixilebodes. am sityvis farTo gage-
biT, àvtorebi, romlebic korufcias ikvleven da mis Sesaxeb weren, SeiZ-
leba sam jgufad daiyos~:
1. mecnierTa umravlesoba korufciis movlenis im ganmartebas eyrdno-
ba, romelic òqsfordis inglisuri enis leqsikonSia~ mocemuli da
sajaro samsaxuris valdebulebaTa koncefcias ukavSirdeba.
2. mecnierTa meore jgufma Camoayaliba korufciis ganmarteba, romelic
moTxovnilebis, gamoyenebisa da gacvlis cnebebs efuZneba da ekono-
mikur Teoriamdea dayvanili.
3. korufciis Sesaxeb diskusiebSi mesame jgufi sajaro interesis ideas
eyrdnoba.
martivad rom vTqvaT, korufcia aris sajaro moxleTa TanamdebobasTan
Seusabamo qceva. arasamTavrobo antikorufciuli organizacia `Transparency
International~ korufcias axasiaTebs, rogorc `sajaro Zalauflebis borotad
gamoyeneba piradi sargeblis miRebis mizniT~. es aris msoflioSi korufci-
is erT-erTi yvelaze gavrcelebuli gansazRvreba.
SegviZlia moviyvanoT korufciis gamovlinebis Semdegi magaliTebi: meq-
rTameoba, nepotizmi, proteqcionizmi, klientizmi, ukanono lobizmi, sa-
zogadoebrivi resursebis ukanono ganawileba da gadanawileba, ukanono
privatizacia, ararsebuli proeqtebis Seqmna, ukanono Semosavlebis dag-
roveba, gadasaxadebis damalva, politikur partiaTa ukanono dafinanseba
da sxva.
rogorc aRiniSna, korufcia xSirad xasiaTdeba, rogorc sajaro moxe-
leTa uRirsi da standartebTan Seusabamo qceva. ielis universitetis po-
litikur mecnierebaTa profesori, j. s. skoti agreTve im mosazRebas izia-
rebs, rom korufcia aris qceva, romlisTvisac damaxasiaTebelia garkveu-
li standartebisagan gadaxra. igi svams SekiTxvas: `ra kriteriumebiT vxel-
mZRvanelobT aRniSnuli standartebis dadgenisas?~. ganvixiloT am prob-
lemis Semdegi aspeqtebi: samarTlebrivi, sajaro interesi da sazogadoeb-
rivi azri.
kanonmdeblobis roli korufciis gansazRvraSi

j. s. skotis kiTxvaze sapasuxod, TiToeuli Cvengani, albaT, samarTleb-
rivi dokumentebis mkafio kriteriumebs mimarTavda. magaliTad, Tanamde-
bobis piris kanoniT akrZaluli qmedeba miCneulia ukanonod, anu koruf-
ciulad. winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi, aseTi qmedeba ar aris korufciuli maSi-
nac ki, Tu SeimCneva Zalauflebis borotad gamoyeneba an eTikis darRveva.
iuristebi dadebiTad afaseben amgvar, formalurad mkafio, ganmartebas.
cxadia, sajaro moxeleebi, iseve rogorc rigiTi moqalaqeebi, unda icnob-
dnen aseTi tipis akrZalvebsa an moTxovnebs.
miuxedavad imisa, rom sxvadasxva qveynis kanonmdeblobaSi korufcia mka-
fiod aris gansazRvruli, profesori j. s. skoti Semdegi problemebiT inte-
resdeba:
• yovelTvis Seesabameba Tu ara eTikur normebs is, rac kanonieria?
• arsebobs saSiSroeba, rom gansxvavebuli sakanonmdeblo bazis arse-
korufciis kvleva umaRles saswavleblebSi 125
bobis gamo, identuri qmedebebi sxvadasxva qveyanaSi sxvadasxvagvarad

SeiZleba aRiqmebodes.
• rTulia korufciis donis Sedareba qveynebSi, romelTa saxelmwifo
seqtoris moculoba gansxvavebulia. (magaliTad, erT qveyanaSi mosax-
leobis umetesoba muSaobs saxelmwifo seqtorSi, meoreSi ki – kerZo
seqtorSi).
sajaro interesis aspeqti korufciis gansazRvrisas

dasawyisSi moviyvanoT j. gardineris ori magaliTi, romelic korufci-
is samarTlebrivi gansazRvrebis problemas asaxavs:
• II msofio omis dros, germaniaSi moqmedebda kanoni, romelic ebrael-
Ta emigracias krZalavda. Tu ebrauli ojaxi inspeqtors 1 000 germa-
nul markas gadauxdida, mas qveynidan gamgzavreba SeeZlo. aris es ko-
rufcia? fulis sanacvlod inspeqtori ukanono gadawyvetilebas
iRebda. magram SeiZleba Tu ara es korufciad miviCnioT? SeiZleba Tu
ara gavamarTloT inspeqtoris amgvari qmedeba? umravlesoba, albaT,
ityoda, rom ebraelTaTvis kanonis gamkacreba saziano iyo, xolo ze-
moT moyvanili kanonis darRveva, anu ebraelTaTvis qveynis datove-
bis nebarTvis micema – eTikuri nabiji.
• moyvanili magaliTi cxadyofs, rom ukanono qmedeba yovelTvis ar aris
korufciuli. Semdegi magaliTi sruliad sapirispiro situacias asa-
xavs, rodesac kanonieri qmedeba SeiZleba korumpirebuli iyos. 1950-
1960-ian wlebSi, rodesac aSS-is qalaqebi kriziss ganicdidnen, kon-
gresma qalaqebis ganaxlebis programa SeimuSava, romlis mixedviTac
saxelmwifo saagentoebi dasangrev zonebSi arsebul miwebs gamousa-
degad cnobdnen, Senobebs iRebdnen, xolo miwas yiddnen. aRniSnuli
saxelmwifo programis meSveobiT miwis nakveTebis umravlesoba `ga-
mococxlda~. rogorc wesi, es iyo Raribebis, an erovnuli umcireso-
bebis warmomadgenelTa miwebi. im teritoriaze Sendeboda mdidruli
saxlebi da dawesebulebebi. unda aRiniSnos, rom Cinovnikebi yvela au-
cilebel proceduras icavdnen. amgvarad, iyo Tu ara es qmedeba ko-
rufciuli? j. s. skotis azriT, qalaqebis ganaxlebis programa saSua-
lo da zeda fenis warmomadgenelTaTvis xelsayreli iyo. Seuwyo Tu
ara xeli am programam qalaqebis ekonomikuri problemebis gadawyve-
tas? cxadia, rom mosaxleobis naklebad SeZlebuli fena dazaralda,
xolo mdidrebi ki kidev ufro gamdidrdnen. SeiZleba iTqvas, rom `qa-
laqebis ganaxlebis aRniSnuli programiT amerikis politikur cxov-
rebaSi korufciis xorcSesxma moxda~. meore mxriv, ar aris mizanSe-
wonili termini korufciis mudmivad gamoyeneba, rodesac iseT poli-
tikur procesebze vsaubrobT, romlebic uTanasworo SesaZleblobeb-
sa Tu sargebels ganapirobeben. pirveli magaliTi azrTa sxvadasxva-
obas ar iwvevs. rac Seexeba meore magaliTs, SeiZleba `korufciul qme-
debebze~ gansxvavebuli Sexedulebebi gamovyoT.
amgvarad, Cven gvainteresebs: ra SeiZleba iTqvas korufciis ganmarte-
bis Sesaxeb moyvanili magaliTebis safuZvelze? sxvagvarad rom vTqvaT, aris
Tu ara:
• sajaro interesis saziano qmedeba korufciuli im SemTxvevaSic ki, Tu

is kanonieria?
• sazogadoebisaTvis sasargeblo qmedeba arakorufciuli im SemTxve-
vaSi, Tu is kanonsawinaaRmdegoa?
orive magaliTi, anu ori oficialuri saxelmwifo dokumentis Sedegi,
SeiZleba ganvixiloT rogorc individTa doneze (ojaxi, romelsac surs
emigrireba; mosaxleoba, romelTa sacxovrebeli saxlebic daangries), ase-
ve ufro farTo, sazogadoebriv doneze. ganzogadebisaTvis unda aRiniS-
nos, rom `sajaro interesze korufciis zegavlena ar SeiZleba ganixilebo-
des mTeli rigi aspeqtebis gaTvaliswinebis gareSe~.
korufciis movlenis analizi politikuri procesis konteqstisagan ga-
nuyofelia. kargia, miviCnioT, rom yvelaferi kanonmdeblobazea damokide-
buli, Tumca saWiroa kritikuli xedva. korufcia, iseve rogorc nebismie-
ri ukanono qmedeba, asustebs an abaTilebs sakanonmdeblo miznebs. magram,
Tu vaRiarebT, rom kanonmdeblebma SeiZleba Seqmnan cudi kanoni, miT ume-
tes, Tu kanonis Seqmnisas saxelmwifoSi sistematurad ar aris daculi ro-
melime socialuri jgufis interesebi, an ugulvebelyofilia sazogadoeb-
rivi azri, SeiZleba iTqvas, rom garkveuli korufciuli qmedebebi gardau-
valia. ès sajaro interesis aspeqtisa da korufciis gansazRvrebis dakav-
Sirebis saSualebas gvaZlevs~.
sazogadoebrivi azris mniSvneloba korufciis gansazRvrisas

saxelmwifos mier korufciis gansazRvrisa da misi ubralo moqalaqee-
bis mier aRqmas Soris aSkara gansxvaveba arsebobs. aseT pirobebSi SeiZleba
Seiqmnas viTareba, rodesac saxelmwifo moxeleebi sazogadoebis azrs ufro
gaiTvaliswineben, vidre kanons daicaven. amis garda, j. gardineris mixed-
viT, efeqturi antikorufciuli qmedebebi SeuZlebeli, an rTuli gansaxor-
cielebelia, Tu korufciis mimarT sazogadoebis ganwyoba da misi samar-
Tlebrivi ganmarteba mniSvnelovnad gansxvavdeba.
prokurorebisa da mkvlevarebisaTvis cnobilia, rom moqalaqeebi, rom-
lebSic korufcia garkveul SiSs badebs, ufro metad arian midrekilebi:
• amxilon danaSauli;
• daexmaron gamoZiebas;
• xma miscen `patiosan~ politikosebs da ar amoirCion `TaRliTebi~;
• imoqmedon kanonis Tanaxmad da ar SesTavazon qrTami.
`xsenebuli mizezebidan gamomdinare, korufciis Sesaxeb sazogadoebis
azri mniSvnelovania, rodesac saubaria korufciis winaaRmdeg mimarTul
samarTaldamcavi organoebis efeqtur moqmedebebze~.
korufciis gansazRvris problemebi

ramdenic ar unda vimsjeloT, cxadia, rom korufciis gansazRvrisas gar-
kveul sirTuleebs vawydebiT. Teoretikosebi Semdeg ZiriTad problemebs
gamoyofen:
• arsebobs gansxvaveba saxelmwifo samarTlebriv dokumentebSi koruf-
ciis ganmartebasa da imas Soris, Tu rogor aRiqmeba korufcia da ra
gavlena aqvs sazogadoebaze.
• aSkara Seusabamoba warmoiqmneba imasTan dakavsirebiTac ki, Tu ro-

gor aRiqmeba da ganisazRvreba zemoT xsenebuli problemebi sxvadas-
xva qveyanaSi.
qvemoT korufciis ganmartebis Sesaxeb ramdenime mosazrebas ganvixi-
lavT. klasikurad miiCneva harvardis politikis profesoris j. s. nais gan-
sazRvreba: korufcia aris àrCevnebis Sedegad sajarod dakisrebuli an mi-
niWebuli formaluri valdebebulebisagan Tavis arideba an qmedeba, pira-
di (ojaxuri, jgufuri) sargebelis da sasurveli statusis misaRebad~. moy-
vanili ganmartebis zogierTi momenti Zalze mniSvnelovania. umravlesoba
albaT daeTanxmeba, rom am gansazRvrebaSi naTlad Cans sazogadoebis roli.
korufcia SesaZlebelia mxolod Tanamdebobis piris mier samsaxurebrivi,
sazogadoebrivi movaleobis Sesrulebis dros. rac Seexeba j. s. nais mier
naxseneb pirad sargebels, avtori xazs usvams borotmoqmedebas, romelic
pirad an finansur sargebels ukavSirdeba. mocemul gansazRvrebaSi naTqva-
mia, rom fuli Cndeba Tanamdebobis pirebis an maTi naTesavebis jibeebSi,
magram ar aris ganxiluli politikuri partiis, eTnikuri jgufisa da a.S.
sargebelis misaRebad Cadenili borotqmedebis SemTxvevebi. j. s. nais gan-
sazRvrebis sxva nakli is gaxlavT, rom igi korufciad miiCnevs `qmedebas,
romelic arRvevs dadgenil wesebs an ar Seesabameba miRebul, Cveulebriv,
sazogadoebriv valdebulebebs~. swored es ganapirobebs sxvadasxva saxel-
mwifoSi korufciis gavrcelebis gansxvavebul interpretacias. zogierT
qveyanaSi ar arsebobs formaluri wesebi, romlebic saxelmwifo moxelee-
bis moqmedebis reglamentirebas axdenen. zogan ki yuradRebaSi miiReba is,
rom politikosebs da saxelmwifo moxeleebs SeuZliaT biznesTan dakavSi-
rebuli kerZo saqmianobisa da oficialuri valdebulebebis Serwyma. niS-
navs Tu ara es, rom zog qveyanaSi grakveuli qmedeba ver Tavsdeba j. s. nais
gansazRvrul korufciis formalur CarCoebSi, xolo sxva qveynebSi koruf-
ciad ganixileba? aseT kiTxvas svams profesori j. gardineri.
sxva mniSvnelovani kategoriaa – Tanamdebobis pirebis mier Zalaufle-
bis borotad gamoyeneba. misi zusti gansazRvra, albaT, SeuZlebelia. mec-
nieri, kanadeli politikosi k. gibsoni, gamoyofs qmedebebs, romlebic Se-
iZleba Zalauflebis borotad gamoyenebad CaiTvalos:
• saxelmwifo moxele Tanamdebobaze niSnavs Tavis naTesavs da ar iyvans
ufro maRalkvalificiur kandidats (nepotizmi);
• arCevnebSi gamarjvebis Semdeg, politikuri partia dakavebuli Tanam-
debobebidan gaaTavisuflebs im saxelmwifo moxeleebs, romlebic
arCevnebSi opoziciur partias uWerdnen mxars (patronati);
• sakanonmdeblo xelisuflebis warmomadgenlebi ganageben wiaRiseu-
lis mompovebeli kompaniis resursebs da mxars uWeren kanonproeqts,
romlis mixedviTac, aseTi tipis sawarmoebs sagadasaxado SeRavaTebi
ekuTvniT (sakanonmdeblo interesTa konfliqti);
• arsebul monacemebsa da informaciaze dayrdnobiT saxelmwifo moxe-
leebi konsultaciebs uweven kerZo pirebs (biurokratiuli interes-
Ta konfliqti).
k. gibsonis mier moyvanil sias SeiZleba davamatoT:
• mTavrobasTan aliansSi Sesvla, `politikuri sponsoroba~;
• sazogadoebisaTvis da masobrivi informaciis saSualebebisaTvis cru

informaciis miwodeba;
• politikuri kampaniebis dafinansebis sxvadasxva formebi da sxva.
sajaro Zalauflebis borotad gamoyenebis kategoriebze saubris bolos
unda aRiniSnos, rom misi araerTazrovani ganmarteba Zalze aqtualuria.
aseTi qmedeba mTel rig qveynebSi akrZalulia. Tu es asea, da j. s. nais gansa-
zRvrebis meore moTxovna (anu Tanamdebobis piri Rebulobs sargebels) dak-
mayofilebulia, aseTi tipis qmedebebi SeiZleba korufciis sxva formebs
gautoldes. iqac ki, sadac amgvari qmedeba kanonis zRvars ar scildeba, Ta-
namdebobis pirebis qceva, sul mcire, araeTikuradaa miCneuli da maT mi-
marT ukmayofileba gamoiTqmeba.
aseTi saxis Teoriul gaurkvevlobas aqvs adgili korufciis gansazRvre-
bis dros. am sakiTxze kamaTi SeiZleba saerTaSoriso doneze gaimarTos.
SomdgomSi ganvixilavT korufciis analizis Teoriul SesaZleblobebs.
a. haidenhaimeris Sexeduleba makroanalitikur dones Seesabameba, xolo
warmdgenis da wardgenilis modeli – mikro donis Teorias.
korufciis Teoriuli gaanalizebis perspeqtivebi

a. haidenhaimeri _ sistemuri Sexeduleba
korufciaze Catarebul kvlevaTa Soris a. haidenhaimeris Sexeduleba
erT-erTi yvelaze ufro gavleniania. mas korufciis sxvadasxva saxis gan-
xilvisas da SedarebiTi analizis warmoebis dros mimarTaven.
korufciis gansazRvris amosavals, romelsac a. haidenhaimeri Tavis naS-
romebSi iyenebs, sajaro samsaxuri warmoadgens. amis garda, avtori sazo-
gadoebrivi azris kvlevebs eyrdnoba, romlebic mas korufciuli qmedebe-
bis konkretuli saxeobebis axsnaSi exmarebian.
a. haidenhaimeri ikvlevs korufciis gavrcelebas sxvadasxva sazogado-
ebaSi da winaswarmetyvelebs, Tu ra saxis korufcia iCens Tavs gansakuTre-
biT. politikur valdebulebebTan dakavSirebuli urTierTobebidan gamom-
dinare, avtori sazogadoebas oTx jgufad yofs:
• tradiciuli, ujaxur urTierTobebze damyarebuli sazogadoeba (ma-
galiTi –e. banfildis naSromebSi aRwerili montegranis sazogadoeba);
• mfarvelebisa da mfarvelobis qveS myofTa tradiciuli sazogadoeba
(mflobelebi da klientebi) (anTropologebis – j. boisevainisa da j. k.
qambelis mier gamokvleuli siciliisa da saberZneTis sazogadoebebi).
• xelmZRvanelebisa da daqvemdebarebulebis Tanamedrove sazogadoe-
ba (amerikis wina saukunis dasawyisis msxvili qalaqebi).
• samoqalaqo kulturis mqone sazogadoeba (amerikisa da didi brita-
neTis saSualo zomis qalaqebi da maTi Semogareni).
mocemuli modeli imis demonstrirebas axdens, Tu ramdenad gavrcelebu-
lia saxelmwifo moxeleebs Soris iseTi politikuri qceva, romelic dasav-
luri elitis mier korufciulad ganxileba. es modeli agreTve saSualebas
iZleva ganvsazRvroT, raoden mkacrad an lmobierad afasebs garkveuli sa-
zogadoeba da misi elita qcevas, romelic oficialurad korufciulad aris
miCneuli. upirveles yovlisa, mecnierebi korufciis sam saxes gamoyofen:
• wvrilmani;
• rutinuli;
• fesvgadgmuli.
aseTi dayofa korufciis ganviTarebis, masStabisa da sixSiris kriteri-
umebs efuZneba. amasTan, mxedvelobaSi miiReba sazogadoebaSi misi gavrce-
lebis efeqti da is, aris Tu ara korufciuli qceva Cveulebrivi movlena
politikuri valdebulebebis sxvadasxva sistemebSi.
imis gaTvaliswinebiT, Tu rogor afasebs sazogadoeba garkveul qmede-
bebs da rogor aRiqvams is korufcias sxvadasxva politikur sistemaSi,
a. haidenhaimeri korufciis Semdeg saxeebs gamoyofs:
• Savi;
• ruxi;
• TeTri.
Savi korufcia iseT qmedebebs gulisxmobs, romlebic rogorc elitis,
aseve sazogadoebis umetesi nawilis mier korufciuladaa aRiarebuli. ruxi
korufciis Sualeduri cneba moicavs qmedebebs, romelTa Sesaxeb ar aris
Camoyalibebuli mkafio Sexedulebebi, an isini imisdamixedviT icvleba, mi-
iCnevs Tu ara sazogadoeba, rom msgavsi qmedebebi dasjadi unda iyos. zogi-
erTi jgufi, rogorc wesi elita, garkveul qcevas ukanonod miiCnevs da
imisken miiswrafvis, rom is dasjadi iyos. sxva socialur jgufebs gansxva-
vebuli Sexeduleba aqvT. umravlesobis azri xSirad ubralod gaurkveve-
lia. a. haidenhaimeris mixedviT, ruxi korufciis gamovlenis SemTxvevaSi
elita, rogorc wesi, ukmayofilebas gamoTqvams, xolo sazogadoeba indi-
ferentuli rCeba. TeTr korufcias profesori uwodebs movlenas, romlis
drosac rogorc elita, aseve sazogadoebis umetesi nawili, garkveuli ko-
rufciuli qmedebis mimarT Semwynarebelia. aseTi qcevis winaaRmdeg mimar-
Tuli qmedebebi iSviaTad pouloben aqtiur mxardaWeras. gaaerTiana ra mis
mier gamoyofili korufciisa da sazogadoebis tipebi, a. haidenhaimerma da-
askvna, rom Tanamedrove samoqalaqo kulturis sazogadoebaSi fesvgadgmu-
li korufciis SemTxvevebi Zalze iSviaTia, an aratipiuria da isini unda da-
xasiaTdes, rogorc Savi korufcia. sazogadoebis danarCeni sami tipis Sem-
TxvevaSi sruliad sawinaaRmdego viTarebaa. rutinuli korufcia aq Sem-
TxveviTia da xasiaTdeba, rogorc Savi korufcia. saCuqrebisa da nepotiz-
mis SemTxvevebi rux korufciadaa miCneuli, Tu garigebebi koleqtiur xa-
siaTs atarebs (magaliTad, partiebis dafinanseba). wvrilman korufcias
ufro xSirad aqvs adgili da is agreTve rux korufciad iwodeba.
rogorc Svedi mecnieri andersoni aRniSnavs, korufciis analizis dros
a. haidenhaimeris modelis gamoyenebisas unda gaviTvaliswinoT, rom koruf-
ciis maxasiaTebelTa umetesoba samxreT evropidan, amerikidan da didi bri-
taneTidan aris Semosuli. meore mxriv, es iZleva saSualebas, mecnieris mier
SemoTavazebuli hipoTezebi gadavamowmoT da Teoriis gamoyenebis SesaZleb-
lobebi gavafarTovoT. ramdenime wlis win, Tavad a. haidenhaimerma aRniSna
sazogadoebaSi globaluri cvlilebebis gavlena korufciis gansazRvreba-
ze. misi azriT, globalizaciis procesSi korufciis aRqma ufro fragmen-
tuli da orazrovani xdeba. es gulisxmobs, rom TeTri, ruxi da Savi koruf-
ciis amsaxveli modeli moklebulia korufciuli qcevis asaxvis unars.
ganzogadebisaTvis upriani iqneba gavixsenoT, rom a. haidenhaimeris Se-

xeduleba misaRebia rogorc SedarebiTi kvlevebisaTvis, ise calkeul Sem-
TxvevaTa Seswavlisas. mocemuli Teoriis mTavari upiratesoba is aris, rom
avtori ar Semoifargleba mxolod korufciis samarTlebrivi cnebiT. mis-
Tvis mniSvnelovania mocemuli movlenis ufro farTo xedvac. aseTi aspeq-
ti korufciis sxvadasxva saxis ganxilvis saSualebas iZleva. aRniSnuli po-
ziciis naklovan mxared SeiZleba miviCnioT klasifikaciis ukve sakmaod moZ-
velebuli sistema da konteqstisa da moqmed pirTa ugulvebelyofa. amito-
mac, Semdgom, Cven ganvixilavT sxva Sexedulebas, romlis RerZsac moqmedi
pirebi da informacia warmoadgens.
mikrodone: warmdgenelisa da wardgenilis modeli

warmdgenelisa da wardgenilis modelis arsi gacvlis Teoriis erT-erT
ganStoebaSi, racionaluri arCevanis TeoriaSi devs. es ukanaskneli maqsi-
mizirebuli arCevanis Teorias unda mivakuTvnoT. ekonomikuri perspeqti-
vis gaTvaliswinebiT, racionaluri arCevanis Teoria aanalizebs pirovne-
bis strategiul qmedebebs, romelTa meSveobiTac is keTildReobisaken da
materialuri moTxovnilebebis dakmayofilebisaken miiswrafvis. yuradRe-
bis koncentrireba xdeba pirovnebis (magaliTad, korumpirebulis) konkre-
tul mdgomareobaze, rodesac mimdinareobs yvela dadebiTi da uaryofiTi
argumentis awon-dawona.
aRniSnuli modelis pirvandeli daniSnuleba – kerZo seqtorSi damqi-
raveblisa da daqiravebulis urTierTobebis analizia. amave dros, cxa-
dia, rom is SeiZleba iyos gamoyenebuli samTavrobo seqtorSic. koruf-
ciis movlenis kvlevebSi warmdgenelisa da wardgenilis Sexedulebas iye-
nebdnen cnobili amerikeli mecnieri, s. rouz-akermani da ekonomistebi –
klitgardi, jaini da sxvebi.
warmdgenelisa da wardgenilis Sexeduleba mikrodonis Teoriaa, rome-
lic xsnis, Tu ra xdeba, rodesac warmdgeneli wardgenils Zalauflebas ani-
Webs. wardgenili, rogorc wesi, informacias an unarebs flobs, romlebic
sakmarisad ar gaaCnia warmdgenels. aRniSnuli modelis arCevisas, unda gvax-
sovdes, rom warmdgenelisa da wardgenilis interesebi xSirad erTmaneTs
ar emTxveva. `warmomadgenlobis problema warmoiqmneba maSin, rodesac war-
mdgenelisa da wardgenilis interesebi da prioritetebi gansxvavdeba da,
agreTve maSin, rodesac wardgenilma SeiZleba ukeTesi da ufro amomwura-
vi informacia moipovos, vidre warmdgenelma~.
Tanamedrove demokratiis politikuri sistema, xelisuflebis yvela do-
neze, Zalauflebis delegirebis SesaZleblobiT xasiaTdeba. amgvarad, mo-
cemuli Teoriuli perspeqtivis upiratesobas uflebamosilebaTa jaWvis
gaanalizebis SesaZlebloba warmoadgens. garda amisa, is uflebamosileba-
Ta jaWvis susti da Zlieri aspeqtebis mizezebis ganxilvis saSualebas iZle-
va. uflebamosilebaTa gadacemis procesis Seswavlisas ramdenime sainte-
reso kiTxva Cndeba:
• namdvilad icis Tu ara warmdgenelma, rom wardgenili masze dakisre-
bul valdebulebebs asrulebs?
• sandoa Tu ara wardgenilis informacia Tavisi saqmianobis Sesaxeb?
zemoT CamoTvlili kiTxvebi gvafiqrebs imaze, rogori unda iyos wardge-

nilis angariSvaldebuleba warmdgenelis winaSe, imisaTvis, rom am ukanas-
knelma misi gakontroleba SeZlos da mis mimarT ndoba ar dakargos. gadam-
wyveti faqtori, am SemTxvevaSi, informaciis xelmisawvdomobaa. rogorc
wesi, Zalauflebis gadamcemi mxare naklebad aris informirebuli, vidre
is mxare, visac Zalaufleba gadaecema.
miuxedavad imisa, rom warmdgenelisa da wardgenilis Teoria kritikis
sagania, is ufro popularuli xdeba korufciis Seswavlis dros. rogorc
s. andersoni amtkicebs, individTa arCevanis mniSvnelobis sakiTxebi ar unda
miviCnioT pirvelxarisxovnad instituciur faqtorebTan SedarebiT. Tum-
ca, maT SeuZliaT, ganavrcon da ganmarton savaraudo mizani. korufcia ar
aRiqmeba, rogorc garkveuli individualuri arCevanis Sedegi konteqstis
gareSe. piriqiT, gadawyvetilebis miRebisas mniSvnelovania socialuri kon-
teqsti. korufciis Sesaxeb kvlevebSi, warmdgenelisa da wardgenilis mo-
delebis umravlesobaSi ekonomikuri modelebis antecedentebi arsebobs.
analizis aTvlis wertilia informaciis asimetria, urTierTobebSi angariS-
sworebis wesi an gadawyvetilebis miReba da arCevani.
warmdgenelisa da wardgenilis modelebis umravlesoba sajaro adminis-
trirebaSi gvxvdeba. SvedeTSi korufciuli riskis zonebis Seswavlisas,
s. andersoni iyenebda mocemul models uflebamosilebaTa gadacemis jaW-
vis analizisas da, agreTve, sajaro administrirebis sferoSi naklovani mxa-
reebis gamosavlenad. igi amtkicebda, rom uflebamosilebaTa jaWvis saer-
To struqturis kvlevis procesSi, konkretuli myidvelisaTvis potenci-
ur mogebasa da fasTan erTad, wamdgenelisa da wardgenilis Teoria saSua-
lebas gvaZlevs, ukeTesad gavigoT korufciuli riskis zonebi da gavamdid-
roT korufciul movlenaTa kvlevebis meTodebis nusxa, romelic orien-
tirebulia ara raodenobaze, aramed processa da xarisxze.
korufciis diagnostika
korufciis kontrolisa da prevenciis erT-erT yvelaze qmediT meqanizms

diagnostika warmoadgens. igi xels uwyobs korufciis TvalsazrisiT yve-
laze susti adgilebis dadgenasa da, Sesabamisad, qmediTi antikorufciu-
li programebis SemuSavebas. ganvixiloT msoflioSi da litvaSi Catarebu-
li korufciis umniSvnelovanesi kvlevebi.
saerTaSoriso done
korufciis aRqmis indeqsi
korufciis diagnostikis erT-erT umniSvnelovanes meTodikas saerTa-
Soriso antikorufciuli organizaciis `Transparency International~-is mier yo-
velwliurad gamoqveynebuli korufciis aRqmis indeqsi (kai) warmoadgens.
aRniSnuli kompleqsuri maCvenebeli, romelic pirvelad 1995 wels gamoq-
veynda, saqmiani wreebis warmomadgenelTa gamokiTxvisa da eqspertTa mier
Catarebuli sxva saxis kvlevebis safuZvelze dgindeba. es `kvlevaTa kvle-
va~ saSualebas gvaZlevs davaxarisxoT saxelmwifoebi korufciis gavrce-
lebis TvalsazrisiT. mocemuli indeqsis Tanaxmad, litva ar aris im `suf-
Ta~ saxelmwifoTa Soris, romelTa maCvenebelic 5 qulas aRemateba. 2003

wels litvis korufciis aRqmis indeqsi 4,7 qulas Seadgenda da 133 saxel-
mwifos Soris 41-e adgili ekava. xolo 2004 wels – 4,6 qulas (146 saxlmwi-
fos Soris, 44-e adgili).
meqrTameobis indeqsi
`Transparency International~-is mier Catarebuli kidev erTi kvleva meqrTa-
meobis indeqsiis dadgenas gulisxmobda, romlis gamoTvlac 1999 wels dai-
wyo. meqrTameobis indeqsi warmoadgens informacias:
• mravalerovnul korporaciaTa meqrTameobisadmi midrekilebis Sesa-
xeb;
• meqrTameobisadmi midrekilebis mqone samewarmeo seqtoris Sesaxeb;
• imis Sesaxeb, ramdenad icnoben sazRvargareTis qveynebis msxvil kor-
poraciaTa Tanamdebobis pirebi meqrTameobis winaaRmdeg ekonomikuri
TanamSromlobisa da ganviTarebis organizaciis (OECD) konvencias;
• imis Sesaxeb, Tu rogor axorcieleben umsxvilesi korporaciebi meq-
rTameobis winaaRmdeg (OECD) konvencias;
• arapatiosani biznesis sxva savaraudo praqtikis Sesaxeb, romelsac
firmebi SekveTebis miRebis mizniT mimarTaven.
aRniSnuli indeqsi asaxavs biznesis sferoSi liderTa Sexedulebebs.
2002 wels meqrTameobis indeqsi 15 qveyanaSi dadginda: argentina, brazi-
lia, filipinebi, indoeTi, indonezia, kolumbia, poloneTi, maroko, meqsi-
ka, nigeria, samxreT afrika, samxreT korea, ruseTi, tailandi da ungreTi.
CamoTvlili qveynebi CarTulia mravalerovnuli firmebis vaWrobis sis-
temasa da sainvesticio proeqtebSi. litva ar CarTula meqrTameobis
indeqsis gamokvlevaSi.
korufcia saxelmwifosa da mewarmeTa urTierTobebSi evropasa

da Sua aziaSi
korufciis diagnostikis kidev erTi cnobili meTodi warmoadgina msof-
lio bankma Tavis angariSSi `korufciasTan brZola gardamavali periodis
qveynebSi: wvlili politikur debatebSi~ (2000w.). aRniSnul angariSSi CamoT-
vlilia korufciis analizis Catarebis meTodebi da moyvanilia monacemebi
korufciis Sesaxeb gardamavali periodis qveynebSi. meore angarSi `koruf-
ciasTan brZola gardamavali periodis qveynebSi: saxelmwifo korufcia da
korufcia biznesis sferoSi 1999-2002 wlebSi~ warmoadgines 2002 wels. mas-
Si mocemulia korufciuli tendenciebis Sefaseba da mcdeloba, aixsnas war-
moqmnili cvlilebebi.
pirveli angariSi momzadda korufciis Sesaxeb 1999 wels mewarmeTa da
sawarmoTa saqmianobis Seswavlisa da gardamavali periodis 24 saxelmwifos
(TurqeTis CaTvliT) 4 000-mde sawarmoTa mflobelisa da xelmZRvanelis ga-
mokiTxvis Sedegad miRebuli monacemebis safuZvelze. aRniSnuli kvlevis
meore etapi 2002 wels Catarda. gamokiTxvaSi monawileobda gardamavali pe-
riodis 26 qveynis (TurqeTis CaTvliT) 6 500 sawarmos mflobeli da xel-
mZRvaneli.
aRniSnul kvlevaSi qveynebis dajgufeba xdeba administraciuli koruf-
ciis masStabebis mixedviT, rac meqrTameobis sixSiriT da, agreTve, saxel-
mwifoSi korufciis gavrcelebis masStabebis mixedviT ganisazRvreba. ko-

rufciis zemoxsenebuli tipi, romelic saxelmwifos `TamaSis wesebze~
axdens gavlenas, Sefasebulia rogorc sawarmoTaTvis miyenebuli gaTviT-
cnobierebuli ziani.
aRmosavleTisa da centraluri evropis qveynebi korufciis zemoxsene-
buli formebis sakmaod dabali maCvenebliT xasiaTdeba. litvaSi, iseve ro-
gorc CexeTsa da estoneTSi, dafiqsirebulia administraciuli korufci-
is indeqsi, romelic 2,2 utoldeba, xolo saxlemwifoSi korufciis gavrce-
lebis indeqsi – 0,32.
sxva kvlevebi
SegviZlia gavixsenoT `Transparency International~-is mier gamoqveynebuli
kvleva `korufciis msoflio barometri~, romelSic 47 saxelmwifom miiRo
monawileoba. imave wlis bolos msoflio ekonomikurma forumma Caatara
kvleva, romlis farglebSic gamoikiTxa 102 qveynis lideri kompaniis xel-
mZRvaneli warmoebis sferoSi. 2004 wlis 9 dekembers gamoqveynda `Transpa-
rency International~-isa da `Gallup International~-is mier axali erToblivi kvle-
vis, `korufciis msoflio barometris~, Sedegebi.
yvela zemoxsenebuli kvleva Zalze mniSvnelovania korufciis saerTa-
Soriso, regionalur da nacionalur doneze gavrcelebis saerTo proble-
mebis dasadgenad. samwuxarod, konkretuli qveynis problemebi am kvleveb-
Si, rogorc wesi, ar aisaxeba. amitom, qvemoT moyvanilia litvaSi Catarebu-
li korufciis kvlevebis maxasiaTeblebi da warmodgenilia ukanaskneli
kvlevebis Sedegebis mokle ganxilva.
nacionaluri done
`litvis korufciuli ruka~
2001-2002 wlebSi, antikorufciuli organizacia `Transparency International~-
is litvis ganyofilebis iniciativiT litvaSi Catarda korufciis pirveli
diagnostikuri kvleva – `korufciuli ruka~. sociologiuri dakvirveba or
jgufze xorcieldeboda: litvis mosaxleobasa da biznes seqtoris warmo-
madgenlebze. kvlevis mizani iyo – nacionaluri sociologiuri gamokiTxvis
safuZvelze korufciis gavrcelebis institucionaluri da geografiuli
monitoringis ganxorcieleba, korufciisadmi mgrZnobiare sferoebis dad-
gena, litvaSi moqmedi im organizaciebis gamovlena, romlebic korufciaSi
`cxel wertilebs~ warmoadgenen. litvis uaxlesi korufciuli ruka 2004
wlis noemberSi iqna warmodgenili.
kvlevis Sedegad Sefasda:
• respondentTa damokidebuleba korufciisadmi, misi done da roli sa-
zogadoebaSi;
• korufciis faqtebTan (meqrTameoba) piradi Sexebis SemTxvevebi;
• korufciis Sesaxeb informaciis wyaroebi;
• antikorufciuli zomebisadmi damokidebuleba.
rogorc gairkva, korufciis gavrcelebis specifikis (pirvel rigSi, ko-
rufciis ZiriTadi formis – meqrTameobis) dasadgenad, litvaSi institu-
cionaluri monitoringi sakmarisi ar aRmoCnda. `rogorc litvis moqala-
qeebi, aseve mewarmeebi, araoficialurad uxdian ara marto konkretuli
organoebis warmomadgenlebs, aramed ixdian konkretuli momsaxurebisaT-

visac. aseT `momsaxurebas~ zogjer ramdenime organos warmomadgeneli
axorcielebs, amitom respondentebi konkretulad ver asaxeleben, vis uxdi-
an isini araoficialurad~.
korufciis dawvrilebiTi kvleva

2002 wels korufciis `siRrmiseuli kvleva~ Catarda, romlis mizans war-
moadgenda socialuri da samewarmeo saqmianobis ganxorcielebisas meqrTa-
meobis meqanizmebis dadgena. Sedegebma gamoavlina kvlevis aucilebloba
da mniSvnelovani wvlili Seitana litvis korufciuli rukis SeqmnaSi. 2004
wels, `Transparency International~-is litvis ganyofilebisa da litvis respub-
likis specialur gamoZiebaTa samsaxuris mier Catarebuli kvlevis – `ko-
rufciis gamovlena qveynis masStabiT, SerCeul raionebsa da masSi arsebul
TviTmmarTvelobebSi~ – mizans warmoadgenda mniSvnelovani socialuri mom-
saxurebebisaTvis araoficialuri gasamrjelos odenobis dadgena.
adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis done

`Transparency International~-is litvis ganyofileba muSaobs specialuri me-
Todikis Seqmnaze, romlis meSveobiTac unda dadgindes mosaxleobis koruf-
ciisadmi damokidebuleba, misi roli (done) sazogadoebaSi, agreTve moqa-
laqeebis korufciasTan (meqrTameoba) Sexebis piradi gamocdileba. am me-
Todikis saSualebiT SesaZlebeli gaxdeba TviTmmarTvelobebis doneze ko-
rufciis gavrcelebis formebis dadgena da antikorufciuli zomebis qme-
diTobis Sefaseba.
kvlevis Sedegebi
warmogidgenT litvaSi Catarebuli kvlevebis Sedegebis mokle mimoxilvas.
kvleva - `2004 wlis litvis korufciuli ruka~

kvleva (litvis mosaxleobisa da mewarmeebis sociologiuri gamokiTxve-
bi) 2004 wlis martSi Catarda. masSi monawileoba miiRo 1015 moqalaqem da
1047 sawarmos xelmZRvanelma. kvlevis farglebSi Catarda individualuri
anonimuri gamokiTxvebi. litvis mosaxleobis da sawarmoTa xelmZRvanele-
bis reprezentatiul gamokiTxvebs sazogadoebrivi azris kvlevis brita-
nul-litvuri kompania `Baltijos tyrimai~ atarebda. moxda miRebuli Sedegebis
Sedareba 2001-2002 wlebSi Catarebuli analogiuri gamokiTxvebis Sedegeb-
Tan. monacemTa analizi da angariSi momzadda `Transparency International~-is
litvis ganyofilebis eqspertis, a. dobrininis mier. kvlevis Sedegad ram-
denime ZiriTadi faqtori gamovlinda.
Sexeduleba korufciis masStabebis Sesaxeb

• 2001-2002 wlebSi Catarebul kvlevis SedegebTan SedarebiT sagrZnob-
lad imata im sawarmoTa xelmZRvanelebis ricxvma, romlebic miiCne-
ven, rom korufcia biznesisaTvis seriozul dabrkolebas ar warmo-
adgens da bolo 5 wlis ganmavlobaSi litvaSi misi masStabi ar Secvli-
la an ar Semcirebula.
• 2004 wels Semcirda im pirTa ricxci, vinc miiCnevs, rom iseTi organo-
ebi, rogoricaa samTavrobo struqturebi, seimi, sasamarTloebi da,
agreTve, arasamTavrobo organizaciebi, `Zalze korumpirebulni~ ari-
an. Sesabamisad, gaizarda im pirTa ricxvi, vinc amtkicebs, rom prezi-
dentis aparati da masobrivi sainformacio saSualebebi `Zalze ko-
rumpirebulni~ arian.
• litvis moqalaqeebi da mewarmeebi mainc amtkiceben, rom qrTami prob-
lemebis gadaWras uwyobs xels, xolo gamokiTxulTa ori mesamedi mzad
aris Tavad gaiRos qrTami. Tumca, 2002 welTan SedarebiT, 2004 wels
gaizarda im biznesmenTa ricxvi, vinc miiCnevs, rom qrTami problemis
gadaWras ar uwyobs xels da uars acxadeben mis micemaze.
• 2004 wels ufro metad gaizarda televiziis, rogorc sazogadoebi-
saTvis korufciis Sesaxeb informaciis mimwodeblis, roli.
gamocdileba
• biznes sawarmoTa warmomadgenlebi yvelaze xSirad fuls ixdian (qrTa-
mis saxiT) Semdeg organizaciebSi:
- sagzao policia;
- sabaJoebi;
- saxelmwifo sagadasaxado inspeqcia;
- saqalaqo da raionuli TviTmmarTvelobebi;
- avtomobilebis teqnikuri daTvalierebis centrebi (sawarmoTa
xelmZRvanelebis gamocdileba).
• moqalaqeebs yvelaze xSirad uwevT qrTamis micema:
- poliklinikebSi;
- adgilobriv da respublikur saavadmyofoebSi;
- sagzao policiaSi;
- avtomobilebis teqnikuri daTvalierebis centrebSi.
2002 welTan SedarebiT, 2004 wels sagrZnoblad iklo zemoT xsenebul
organizaciebSi meqrTameobis SemTxvevebis Taobaze respondentTa Se-
tyobinebebis ricxvma.
• qrTamis gamoZalva, iniciativa, efeqturoba
sawarmoTa xelmZRvanelebs yvelaze xSirad fuls sZalavdnen
sagzao policiis TanamSromlebi. qrTami yvelaze kargad `Wrida~ sa-
baJoebze. litvis moqalaqeebs yvelaze xSirad qrTamis gaReba saavad-
myofoebSi da avtomobilebis teqnikuri daTvalierebis centrebSi
uwevdaT.
antikorufciuli potenciali
• rogorc moqalaqeebi, aseve biznesmenebi miiCneven, rom pasuxismgeb-
lobis umetesi nawili qrTamis amRebs ekisreba.
• sawarmoTa xelmZRvanelebisa da moqalaqeebis absolutur umravle-
sobas bolo 5 wlis ganmavlobaSi ar miucia qrTami, radgan:
- problemis gadaWra amis gareSe moxerxda;
- maTgan qrTami ar mouTxoviaT;
• mxolod sawarmoTa xelmZRvanelebis 9 procentsa da moqalaqeTa 3
procents ar miucia qrTami imitom, rom es kanonsawinaaRmdego qmede-
ba iqneboda, xolo imis gamo, rom es maT pirovnul principebs ewinaaR-

mdegeboda – sawarmoTa xelmZRvanelebis 18 procents da moqalaqeTa
12 procents.
• sawarmoTa xelmZRvanelebi, iseve rogorc moqalaqeebi, ufro metad
mxars uWeren prevenciul, vidre damsjel antikorufciul zomebs.
korufciis gamovlena qveynis masStabiT, raionebsa da

TviTmmarTvelobebSi
kvleva (litvis mosaxleobis sociologiuri gamokiTxva) 2004 wlis mar-
tSi Catarda. masSi monawileoba litvis 3026 moqalaqem miiRo (18 wlis asa-
kidan). kvleva Catarda 18 qalaqsa da 56 sofelSi. respondentTa gamokiTxva
intervius wesiT moxda. kvlevis Sedegebis statistikuri xarvezi 1,8 pro-
cents ar aRemateba 95%-iani sizustis pirobebSi. kvleva Catarda sazoga-
doebrivi azrisa da bazris kvlevis centris `Vilmorus~ mier. monacemTa ana-
lizi da angariSi moamzada `Transparency International~-is litvis ganyofile-
bis eqspertma, a. dobrininma. kvlevis Sedegad ramdenime ZiriTadi momenti
gamovlinda.
mosazreba korufciis gavrcelebis Sesaxeb

2002 wlis kvlevis SedegebTan SedarebiT, Semcirda im pirTa ricxvi, vinc
litvaSi korufciis gavrcelebas kritikulad miiCnevda. Tumca, gamoki-
TxulTa or mesameds korufciis gavrcelebasTan dakavSirebiT pesimistu-
ri Sexedulebebi aqvT. litvis moqalaqeebis azriT, korufciam sazogado-
ebrivi administrirebis yvela sferoSi SeaRwia da arRvevs Cveni saxelmwi-
fosadmi ndobas, rogorc moqalaqeebSi, ise ucxoelTa Soris.
korufciis mizezebi
litvis moqalaqeTa azriT korufcia ganpirobebulia:
• Tanamdebobis pirebze da sxva sajaro moxelebze dakisrebuli pasu-
xismgeblobisa da angariSvaldebulebis naklebobiT;
• Tanamdebobis pirTa da sxva sajaro moxeleTa moraluri pasuxismgeb-
lobis naklebobiT;
• susti samarTlebrivi baziT.
araoficialuri gasamrjelo gaweuli samsaxurisaTvis
araoficialuri gasamrjelo gansakuTrebiT gavrcelebulia samedici-
no dawesebulebebSi, sagzao policiaSi da im dawesebulebebSi, romlebic
momsaxurebas uweven moqalaqeebs uZrav qonebaze sakuTrebis uflebis
aRdgenasTan da aRniSnul gancxadebebze gadawyvetilebis miRebasTan da-
kavSirebiT.
`teqnologiaTa~ ganzogadebisas mtkicdeba, rom araoficialur gasam-
rjelos, xSir SemTxvevaSi, Rebuloben saSualo rgolis Cinovnikebi. yvela-
ze gavrcelebul formas fuladi gasamrjelo warmoadgens; araoficialu-
ri gasamrjelos iniciatorebi Tavad moqalaqeebi arian, romelTa qcevac,
maTi azriT, sxva pirebis mieraa nakarnaxevi.
gamokiTxvis Sedegebis mixedviT, litvis mosaxleoba mzad aris, kvlavac
gaiRos araoficialuri gasamrjelo im SemTxvevaSi, Tu maT msgavsi xasia-

Tis problemebis gadawyveta mouwevT.
zemoT ganxiluli kvlevis Sedegebis Sejamebisas cxadi xdeba, rom koruf-
cia kvlav sicocxlisunariani rCeba. aSkaraa, rom mosaxleobisa da mewarme-
Ta umravlesoba àucileblobis SemTxvevaSi~ mzad aris gaiRos qrTami.
Teoretikosebi amtkiceben, rom korufciisadmi daundobeli moqalaqe-
ebi ufro xSiarad acxadeben korufciuli danaSaulis Sesaxeb da xels uwyo-
ben gamoZiebas. amomrCevlebi, romlebic ar emxrobian korufcias, ufro xSi-
rad aZleven xmas patiosan politikosebs da ar irCeven TaRliTebs. sabo-
loo jamSi, moqalaqeTa Rirebulebebi da korufciis aRqma maTive qcevas ga-
napirobebs. korufciis prevenciisa da masze kontrolis erT-erT yvelaze
mniSvnelovan saSualebad sazogadoebrivi azris ganmtkicebaa miCneuli. ami-
tomac, modiT, kidev erTxel gadavavloT Tvali litvis antikorufciul
potencials da vimsjeloT imaze, ra unda gakeTdes mosaxleobaSi koruf-
ciisadmi Seuwynareblobis waxalisebis mizniT.
samoqalaqo sazogadoebis CarTva

antikorufciuli potenciali dRes
korufciisadmi damokidebuleba
`2004 wlis litvis korufciuli rukis~ Seqmnis dros, moqalaqeebs eki-
Txebodnen, korufciaze SemoTavazebul SexedulebaTagan, romeli ufro me-
tad Seesabameboda maT azrs. cxadia, rom respodentTa umetesoba iziareb-
da im azrs, rom korufcia sazogadoebisaTvis did dabrkolebas warmoad-
gens. (ix. suraTi 1).
70
61,3 59,2
60 55,5
50
40
30
20,8
20 18,6 19,8
14,7
10 6,3 6,0 5,7 8,7 8,6
4,5
1,4 3,6 1,3 1,8 2,1
0
korufcia korufcia korufcia korufcia korufcia ar ician,
warmoadgens warmoadgens, xels ar uSlis ufro exmareba exmareba pasuxi ar
sazogadoebrivi ufro sazo- sazogadoebriv sazogadoebas sazogadoebas gauciaT
cxovrebis gadoebrivi cxovrebas, problebebis problemis
did winaRobas cxovrebis magram arc gadaWraSi gadaWraSi
winaRobas exmareba mas
2001 w. 2002 w. 2004 w.
sur. 1. mosaxleobis damokidebuleba korufciisadmi (2001-2004 ww. procentebi)

informaciis wyaroebi
`litvis korufciuli ruka~ korufciisadmi adamianTa damokidebulebis,
anu korufciasTan Sexebis konkretuli SemTxvevebis dadgenis SesaZleblo-
bas iZleva. movlenebis Sesaxeb mosaxleobis Sexedulebebis formireba imis
mixedviT xdeba, Tu ra aqvs wakiTxuli an gagonili masobrivi sainformacio
saSualebebis meSveobiT. Tumca, socialuri problemebis umravlesoba, maT
Soris korufciac, xSir SemTxvevaSi, mas-mediis mier arasaTanadod aris Se-
fasebuli an gazviadebulia. litvis mosaxleobisaTvis korufciis Sesaxeb
informaciis miwodebis ZiriTadi wyaroebi naCvenebia meore sqemaze. am Sem-
TxvevaSi aSkara lideria televizia, xolo respublikurma presam, rogorc
Cans, mosaxleobis ndoba dakarga.
45
42,3
40
35
33,4
32,3
30
26,8
25
23,9
22,8
21,9
17,6
17,6
20
18,1
15,6
16,3
15
10
7,6
6,7
5,1
5,1
5
3,0
3,2
3,0
2,0
2,1
1,9
1,3
0,7
0,6
1,1
seminarebi, konfe- 0,7

renciebi, specia- 0,3
luri RonisZiebebi 0,2
0
0
televizia
piradi
organo
axloblebis
adgiloblivi
interneti
organo
ar ician,
gamocdileba
respublikuri
beWdviTi
megobrebis,
gamocdileba
pasuxi ar gauciaT
radio
beWdviTi
Specialised
publications
reports
2001 w. 2002 w. 2004 w.
sur. 2. korufciis Sesaxeb informaciis wyaroebi (2001-2004 ww. procentebi)
meqrTameobis gamocdileba
rogorc aRiniSna, socialur problemaTa umravlesoba masobrivi sain-
formacio saSualebebis mier arasaTanadod aris gaSuqebuli an gazviade-
bulia. amitom, mosaxleobis azri korufciis Sesaxeb, romelic televiziis
xelSewyobiT Camoyalibda, xSir SemTxvevaSi, realur viTarebas zustad ar
asaxavs. Sesabamisad, moqalaqeTa korufciuli gamocdileba ufro mniSvne-
lovan arguments warmoadgens. litvis moqalaqeebs dausves SekiTxva, gau-
RiaT Tu ara maT qrTami bolo 5 wlis ganmavlobaSi (ix. sur. 3)?
mogiwiaT Tu ara Tqven ukanaskneli xuTi wlis ganmavlobaSi qrTamis micema?

59,5
60
53,8
50 48,4
40
30
20 17,4 19,3 17,5

14 13,9 11,4
8 9,3
10
4,4 5,5 5,2 2,5 3,6 1,9
4,5
0
ara, arc diax, erTxel diax, 2-3 jer diax, 4-9 jer diax, 10 da pasuxi ar
erTxel metjer gauciaT,
ar ician
2001w. 2002 w. 2004 w.
sur. 3. litvis mosaxleobis ganawileba kiTxvaze pasuxis mixedviT (mogiwiaT Tu ara

Tqven ukanaskneli xuTi wlis ganmavlobaSi qrTamis micema?) (2001-2004 ww. procentebi)
kvlevis Sedegebi cxadyofs, rom bolo 5 wlis ganmavlobaSi litvis mo-

saxleobis 36%-s qrTami gauRia. ra sakvirvelia, unda gaviTvaliswinoT is
faqti, rom zog SemTxvevaSi maT qrTami mosTxoves. Tumca, sxva SemTxveveb-
Si, isini Tavad iyvnen iniciatorebi, anu dainteresebulni, rac SeiZleba
swrafad (kanondarRveviT) gadaelaxaT dabrkolebebi. umniSvnelod gaizar-
da im moqalaqeTa raodenoba, visac arasodes miucia qrTami. amave dros, Sem-
cirda im pirTa raodenobac, vinc uari Tqva pasuxis gacemaze.
amis Semdeg litvis moqalaqeebs ekiTxebodnen, ratom ar gauRiaT qrTami
(ix. sur. 4)?
ratom ar migiciaT qrTami?
pasuxi ar gauciaT 11,2
radgan ar ician es rogor gaekeTebinaT, ar ician msgavs 7,3

situaciaSi moqceva
radgan maT amisaTvis fuli ar hqondaT 16,4
radgan amiT isini kanons daarRvevdnen 2,9
radgan es ewinaaRmdegeba maT Sexedulebebs 12,2
radgan ar sjerodaT, rom es gadaWrida maT problemebs 8,1
radgan aqamde yvela problemas Wridnen qrTamis gareSe 26,9
radgan ar yofila iseTi situacia, romelSic maTgan 38,2

moiTxovdnen qrTamis micemas
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45
sur. 4. mosaxleobis ganawileba kiTxvaze pasuxis mixedviT (ratom ar migiciaT qrTami?)

(2004 w., procentebi)
umravlesoba amtkicebda, rom ar aRmoCenila iseT viTarebaSi, sadac mas

qrTams mosTxovdnen. litvis mosaxleobis mesamedma ubralod SeZlo yvela
sakiTxis gadaWra qrTamis gareSe. moraluri Sexedulebebidan gamomdina-
re, litvis mosaxleobis mxolod 12% ar ixdis fuls qrTamis saxiT. gaci-
lebiT sagangaSoa sxva maCvenebeli – kanons pativs scems mosaxleobis mxo-
lod 3%.
rogorc cnobilia, kanonmdeblobiT pasuxismgebloba ekisreba rogorc
qrTamis gamcems, aseve mimRebs. mxolod gamokiTxulTa meoTxedi anawilebs
pasuxismgeblobas Tanabrad. respondentTa naxevari miiCnevs, rom qrTamis
amRebis pasuxismgebloba uTuod metia (ix. sqema 5). SesaZloa, swored amis
gamo ar mcirdeba im pirTa ricxvi, vinc qrTamis micemas kvlavac apirebs (ix.
sur. 6)
vis ekisreba meti pasuxismgebloba qrTamis aRebis SemTxvevaSi?
pasuxi ar gauciaT, ar ician 7
damokidebulia garemoebaze 11,5
qrTamis mimcemze da qrTamis amRebze Tanabrad 24,6
qrTamis mimcemze 50,5
qrTamis amRebze 6,4
0 10 20 30 40 50
sur. 5. mosaxleobis ganawileba kiTxvaze pasuxis mixedviT (vis ekisreba meti pasuxis-
mgebloba qrTamis aRebis SemTxvevaSi?) (2004 w., procentebi)
qrTamis micemaze xalxis damokidebuleba

80 75
73
70
60 59
60
50
40
30
21 22
19 19
20 14 13 13
11
10
0
diax ara a/a diax ara a/a
exmareba Tu ara qrTami problemis gadaWraSi? miscemdiT Tu ara Tqven qrTams?
2002 w. 2004 w.
sur. 6. mosaxleobis ganawileba qrTamis micemasTan damokidebulebaze

(2001 da 2004 w.w., procentebi)
rogorc irkveva, litvis yoveli meeqvse moqalaqe mzad aris àucileblo-

bis SemTxvevaSi~ qrTami gaiRos. kvlavac iTvleba, rom damatebiTi Tanxis ga-
daxda xels uwyobs problemis gadaWras. namdvili antikorufciuli poten-
ciali, anu is, vinc ar miscemda qrTams kanonisa da moralis pativiscemis gamo,
mxolod 15% Seadgens. aseTia realoba im moqalaqeTa gadasaxedidan, romle-
bic ar rCebian gulgrilni aRniSnuli problemis mimarT. ra daskvna SeiZleba
gamovitanoT? sazogadoebrivi azris gamokiTxvis safuZvelze SeiZleba vim-
sjeloT, rom litvis moqalaqeebs ara aqvT sakanonmdeblo Zalauflebisa da
politikuri partiebisadmi ndoba. isini naklebad endobian samarTaldamcav
da sxva organoebs, anu saxelmwifos im sayrdens, romelic mowodebulia sa-
zogadoebriv interesebs emsaxuros, uzrunvelyos usafrTxoeba da moqala-
qeTa keTildReoba. ibadeba bunebrivi kiTxva – ra unda gakeTdes?
sazogadoebrivi organizaciebis roli

korufciis prevenciisa da kontrolis procesSi sul ufro aqtiurad
erTvebian moqalaqeTa jgufebi. erT-erTi magaliTia, berlinSi 1993 wels da-
fuZnebuli sazogadoebrivi organizacia `Transparency International~. man Seimu-
Sava qcevis martivi kodeqsi, romelic saerTaSoriso savaWro palatisa da ga-
eros naSroms efuZneba. ekvadoris mTavrobam da `Transparency International~-ma
gamoiyena aRniSnuli kodeqsi im Tanamdebobis pirTa da kerZo sawarmoebis mi-
marT, romlebic sajaro tenderebSi monawileoben. sawarmoTa xelmZRvaneleb-
ma piroba dades, ar gadaixadon damatebiTi Tanxa qrTamis saxiT, xolo saxel-
mwifo Tanamdebobis pirebma – ar moiTxovon da ar aiRon qrTami.
amgvarad, is saerTaSoriso organizaciebi, romelTa saqmianoba uSualod
ukavSirdeba korufciisadmi Seuwynareblobis waxalisebasa da antikoruf-
ciul moRvaweobas, magaliTad `Transparency International~ da iseTi organiza-
ciebi, rogoricaa msoflio banki, evropis ganviTarebisa da TanamSromlo-
bis organizacia, gaero, korufciis prevenciis sxvadasxva meTods gvTava-
zoben. maTgan erT-erTi yvelaze Rirebuli – sazogadoebrivi azris Camoya-
libeba da ganmtkicebaa.
mkvlevarTa azriT, sxvadasxva reformisa da antikorufciuli progra-
mis warmateba damokidebulia Zlier, cvlilebebisadmi momzadebul, momwi-
febul samoqalaqo sazogadoebaze. korufciaze kontroli ar iqneba qmedi-
Ti, Tu am socialur daavadebaze pasuxismgeblobas moqalaqeebi mxolod sa-
xelmwifo da sxva pasuxismgebel organizaciebs daakisreben, Tavad ki aqti-
urad ar iqnebian CarTulni korufciis prevenciis procesSi.
`Transparency International~-is erT-erTi wamyvani ideologis, j. popis mixed-
viT, samoqalaqo sazogadoebis kompetencia sazogadoebrivi problemebi-
sadmi yuradRebas moicavs. amgvarad, samoqalaqo sazogadoebis WeSmariti
roli mdgomareobs sakuTari ZiriTadi Rirebulebebis gamoxatvasa da dac-
vaSi. es ZiriTadi funqcia ar unda daeTmos xelisuflebas.
rigiTi moqalaqis gadasaxedidan Cans, rom korufcia daucvelobis
grZnobas aZlierebs, Trgunavs erTobis SegrZnebas. Sesabamisad, Zalze mniS-
vnelovania aragulgril moqalaqeTa CarTva, raTa maT korufciisadmi da-
undobloba sajarod da mtkiced gamoxaton. rogori SeiZleba yofiliyo
maTi konkretuli moqmedeba? TvalsaCinoebisaTvis moviyvanT hong-kongSi
korufciis prevenciis SesaniSnav magaliTs:
1. moqalaqeTa damoukidebeli komisiis dafuZneba, romelic sakuTar

ideebs gamoTqvams da konkretul winadadebebs SeimuSavebs.
2. korufciis kontrolis procesSi pativsacemi da sazogadoebisaTvis
cnobili saxeebis aqtiuri CarTva, maTi daintereseba, korufciis sa-
kiTxebSi mrCevlebad an damoukidebel mosamarTleebad maTi daniSvna.
aseve mniSvnelovania:
• samoqalaqo valis moxdis, korufciis SemTxvevebis gacxadebis mniS-
vnelobis xazgasma;
• gamWirvalobis, rogorc samoqalaqo faseulobis, popularizacia da
masze saubari.
is, rom sazogadoebrivi faseulobebi da sazogadoebis sifxizle (anu ara-
gulgrili moqalaqeebis Segneba) korufciis prevenciis sistemis safuZve-
lia, Cans k. popis mier warmodgenil erovnuli integralobis sistemis kon-
cefciaSi.
sistemuri Sexeduleba korufciis prevenciaze

erovnuli integralobis sistemis koncefciis prezentaciis dros, anti-
korufciuli organizaciis `Transparency International~ erT-erTma damfuZne-
belma, j. popma korufciis movlenis aRqmis erToblivi Sexeduleba warad-
gina. misi koncefcia orientirebulia korufciis prevenciaze da ara sas-
jelis zomebze. erovnuli integralobis sistemis aRwerisas is 11 elements
gamoyofs (ix. sur. 7): sakanonmdeblo xelisufleba, aRmasrulebeli xeli-
sufleba, samarTaldamcavi da marTlwesrigis damcavi organoebi, saxelmwi-
balansirebuli kanonis crovrebis

ganviTareba uzenaesoba done
nacionaluri integrireba
aRmasrulebeli xelisufleba
TviTmmarTvelobis moxeleebi
saerTaSoriso organizaciebi
sakanonmdeblo xelisufleba
saxelmwifo moxeleebi da
samoqalaqo sazogadoeba
masobrivi sainformacio
saxelmwifo kontroli
dacvis saagentoebi
kanonis dacva da
kerZo seqtori
marTlwesrigi
saSualebebi
ombudsmeni
sazogadoebis sifxizle
sazogadoebrivi faseulobebi
suraTi 7. nacionaluri integrirebis sistema

fo kontroli, saxalxo damcveli, adamianis uflebebis dacvis sazedamxed-

velo organoebi, sajaro da TviTmmarTvelobis moxeleebi, masobrivi infor-
maciis saSualebebi, samoqalaqo sazogadoeba, kerZo seqtori da saerTaSo-
riso organizaciebi.
rogorc suraTze Cans, am berZnuli taZris msgavsi Senobis saxuravze sami
wrea, romlebic `dabalansebul ganviTarebas~, `kanonis uzenaesobasa~ da
`cxovrebis dones~ warmoadgenen. taZris Ziri saZirkvels eyrdnoba: sazo-
gadoebriv faseulobebs, sifxizlesa da sazogadoebis Segnebas. Tu sazoga-
doeba fxizelia, xolo sazogadoebrivi faseulobebi myari – taZris kolo-
nebi mtkice iqneba. magram, Tu sazogadoeba apaTiuria da masSi faseuloba-
Ta ukmarisoba igrZnoba, taZris (sistemis) saZirkveli susti, xolo sabrje-
nebi – carieli da arafunqcionaluri xdeba. j. popi aRniSnavs, rom, Tumca
am Senobis yvela sabrjeni urTierTkavSirSia, maTi simtkice SeiZleba gan-
sxvavebuli iyos. waqcevisas, erT Sesustebul sabrjens danarCenebis dazi-
anebac SeuZlia. Tu ramdenime sabrjenia Sesustebuli, iqmneba saSiSroeba,
rom waqcevisas isini danarCenebsac waaqceven da maSin es mSvenieri Senoba
mTlianad daingreva (ix. sur. 8).
balans
irebul
ganviT i
areba
kanoni
s
uzenae
soba crovr
ebis
done
naci
onal
uri
inte
grir
eba
sazogadoebis sifxizle
sazogadoebrivi faseulobebi
suraTi 8. nacionaluri integrirebis sistemis Camongreva
mxedvelobaSi unda miviRoT, rom gamosaxuli sabrjenebi sxvadasxva sa-

zogadoebaSi SeiZleba gansxvavdebodes: zogi ufro myari, zogi ki ufro sus-
ti iyos. magram, yovelTvis arsebobs balansi. magaliTad, singapurSi, pre-
sis arasakmarisi Tavisuflebis kompensireba Seupovari da aqtiuri anti-
korufciuli samsaxurebis xarjze xdeba.
j. popi aRniSnavs, rom erovnuli integralobis sistemas warmoadgenen

aramarto instituciuri sabrjenebi, aramed, Sesabamisi wesebi da praqti-
kuli moRvaweoba. es ukanaskneli sxvadasxva instituciebis gamaZlierebe-
lia. aseTi wesebisa da praqtikis ukmarisoba indikatorebis sisustis aSka-
ra maCvenebelia. amgvari praqtika mxolod erT romelime konkretul `sab-
rjens~ ar Seesabameba: magaliTad, saxelmwifo kontroli sazogadoebis wi-
naSea pasuxismgebeli, masobrivi informaciis saSualebebi informaciis xel-
misawvdomobas uzrunvelyofen, sakanonmdeblo xelisufleba samarTlian
arCevnebs uzrunvelyofs, saxalxo damcveli mniSvnelovan ganacxadebs ake-
Tebs, antikorufciuli da sxva saagentoebi – sazogadoebis darajebi – ka-
nonebis Sesrulebas akontroleben da a.S.
rogorc j. popi acxadebs, wesebTan da maT gamoyenebasTan erTad, insti-
tuciuri `sabrjenebi~ erovnuli integralobis srul sistemas Seadgenen.
zemoT xsenebuli sistemuri xedva korufciis diagnostikisa da masTan brZo-
lis axal SesaZleblobebs xsnis. erovnuli integralobis koncefcia ar gu-
lisxmobs konkretul instituciebze (magaliTad, marTlwesrigisa da samar-
Taldamcav struqturebze) da maT mier ganxorcielebul RonisZiebebze (ma-
galiTad, sisxlis samarTliT gaTvaliswinebuli zomebi) koncentrirebas,
aramed iTvaliswinebs programebis SemuSavebas da damoukidebeli refor-
mebis ganxorcielebas. j. popi Tvlis, rom yuradReba unda gamaxvildes:
• urTierTkavSirebze;
• urTierTdamokidebulebaze;
• erTobliobaze.
daskvna
daskvniT nawilSi kidev erTxel unda aRiniSnos, rom bolo periodSi, ko-
rufciis mkvlevarTa da praqtikosTa yuradReba sul ufro xSirad eqceva
korufciis prevernciisa da kontrolis Semdeg or meTods:
• korufciis diagnostika;
• sazogadoebis ganmtkiceba pirovnuli faseulobebis dacvis gziT.
korufciis prevenciaze da kontrolze sistemuri xedva unda arsebob-
des, romelic gamoirCeva gamoyenebuli zomebis efeqturobiT, urTierTda-
mokidebulebiTa da urTierTkavSirebiT. korufciis movlena ixsneba da ana-
lizdeba aramarto rogorc samarTalisa da sisxlis samarTlis obieqti, ara-
med ufro farTe, politikur, socialur, ekonomikur da kulturul kon-
teqstSi. unda aRiniSnos isic, rom:
• korufciis uamravi ganmarteba arsebobs;
• korufciis gansazRvrisas gamoiyofa sxvadasxva aspeqti: sajaro sam-
saxuri, sajaro interesi, moTxovnileba, daintereseba da a.S.;
• sirTuleebi warmoiqmneba korufciis samarTlebriv ganmartebasTan
da sazogadoebaSi mis aRqmasTan dakavSirebiT;
• arsebobs Teoriuli analizis mikro da makro doneebi, romlebic ko-
rufciis sxvadasxva saxis gamokvlevis, maTi SedarebiTi analizis (sis-
temuri xedvis) da agreTve Zalauflebis delegirebis Sedegebis gan-
xilvis (warmdgenelisa da wardgenilis Sexeduleba) saSualebas iZleva.
literatura
1. Andersson S., Corruption in Sweden. Exploring Danger Zones and Change. Umea
University, Departament of Political Science, 2002.
2. Andvig J. Ch., Fjeldstad O. H., Research on Corruption. A Policy Oriented Survey. Ch.
Michelsen Institute & Norwegian Institute of International A.airs, 2000.
3. Anticorruption in Transition 2. Corruption in Enterprise-State Interactions in Europe
and Central Asia 1999–2002. The International Bank for Reconstruction and
Development / The World Bank, 2004.
4. Anticorruption in Transition. A Contribution to the Policy Debate. Washington, D. C.:
The World Bank, 2000.
5. Dobryninas A., Virtuali nusikaltimu tikrove. Vilnius: Eugrimas, 2001.
6. Gardiner J. A., “De.ning Corruption”, in A. Heidenheimer, M. Johnston (ed.), Political
Corruption. Concepts & Contexts. Third edition. New Brunswick and London:
Transaction Publishers, 2002.
7. Gibbons K., “Variations in Attitudes toward Corruption in Canada”, in A. Heidenheimer,
M. Johnston, V. LeVine (ed.), Political Corruption: A Handbook. New Brunswick:
Transaction Publishers, 1989.
8. Global Corruption Report 2004. Special Focus: Political Corruption. Transparency
International. London: Pluto Press, 2004.
9. Heidenheimer A., Johnston M., “Terms, Concepts, and De.nitions”, in A. Heidenheimer,
M. Johnston (ed.), Political Corruption. Concepts & Contexts. Third edition. New
Brunswick and London: Transaction Publishers, 2002.
10. Heidenheimer A., “Perspectives on the Perception of Corruption”, in A. Heidenheimer,
M. Johnston (ed.), Political Corruption. Concepts & Contexts. Third edition. New
Brunswick and London: Transaction Publishers, 2002.
11. Klitgaard R., Maclean-Abaroa R., Parnis H. L., Corrupt Cities. A Practical Guide to
Cure and Prevention. California: Institute for Contemporary Studies, 2000.
12. Korupcijos apraiškos šalies mastu atrinktose apskrityse ir jose esančiose savivaldybese.
Parenge A. Dobryninas. Vilnius: “Transparency International” Lietuvos skyrius, 2004.
13. Lambsdor. J. G., How Corruption in Government A.ects Public Welfare. A Review of
Theories. Gottingen: Center for Globalization and Europeanization of the Economy,
2001.
14. Lietuvos korupcijos žemelapis 2004. Parenge A. Dobryninas. Vilnius: “Transparency
International” Lietuvos skyrius, 2004.
15. Nye J. S., “Corruption and Political Development: A Cost Bene.t Analysis”, in A.
Heidenheimer, M. Johnston, V. LeVine (ed.), Political Corruption: A Handbook. New
Brunswick: Transaction Publishers, 1989.
16. Pope J., TI Source Book. Confronting Corruption: The Elements of a National Integrity
System. Transparency International, 2000.
17. Porta D., Vannucci A., Corrupt Exchanges, Actors, Resources, and Mechanisms of
Political Corruption. New York: Aldine de Gruyter, 1999.
18. Scott J., Comparative Political Corruption. Englewood Cli.s: Prentice-Hall, 1972.
19. www.transparency.org
146
natalia rumianceva
korufciis taqsonomia umaRlesi
ganaTlebis sistemaSi
Sesavali
rogorc sxvadasxva kvlevidan Cans, ekonomikis zrdaze ganaTleba dade-

biT da mniSvnelovan zegavlenas axdens. mas SeuZlia sazogadoebas aramar-
to ekonomikuri, aramed aramaterialuri sargebeli moutanos, rogoricaa,
magaliTad, socialuri gaerTianeba. es WeSmaritebaa, magram, rogorc yvel-
gan, aqac arsebobs gamonaklisebi. ganaTlebis sistemas SeuZlia iqonios uar-
yofiTi gavlena ekonomikis ganviTarebaze da, agreTve, daasustos socia-
luri gaerTianeba, Tu misi organizaciuli struqturebi moZvelebulia,
saswavlo programebi ar Seesabameba moTxovnebs, profesura sustad aris
momzadebuli, an mis rigebSi korufcia sufevs. Tu umaRlesi ganaTlebis
sferoSi korufcia ikidebs fexs, es aramarto vnebs sazogadoebas, aramed
aferxebs mocemul dargSi reformebis gatarebas an mis sxva gziT ganviTa-
rebas.
ras warmoadgens korufcia umaRlesi ganaTlebis sferoSi?
korufciis tradiciuli ganmarteba – Tu Cven SegviZlia tradiciuli

movlena vuwodoT korufcias – dRes amgvarad JRers: materialuri sargeb-
lis miRebis mizniT Zalauflebis borotad gamoyeneba.
zemoT xsenebuli ganmarteba, aramarto oficialurad aris Camoyalibe-
buli sxvadasxva gamocemaSi, aramed namdvilad asaxavs imas, Tu rogor aRiq-
vams ubralo xalxi am movlenas. arada, sazogadoebas ukeT SeuZlia gansa-
jos Tu ra aris korufcia, vinaidan maT, gansakuTrebiT ki imas, vinc ganvi-
Tarebad saxelmwifoSi cxovrobs, – cxovrebis TiTqmis yvela sferoSi, yo-
veldRiurad uxdeba am socialur movlenasTan Sexeba. sityvis farTo mniS-
vnelobiT, korufcia SegviZlia Semdegnairad ganvmartoT: `dakavebuli Ta-
namdebobis samsaxurTan Seusabamod gamoyeneba~. korufciis universalu-
ri ganmarteba ar arsebobs, amitom aucilebelia gaviazroT, rom sxvadasxva
saxelmwifoSi korufciad SeiZleba miCneuli iyos absoluturad gansxva-
vebuli SemTxvevebi. magaliTad, rodesac ganviTarebul qveynebze vsaub-
robT, korufciis martivi ganmarteba SeiZleba garTuldes. aseT SemTxve-
vaSi ufro marTebuli iqneboda Semdegi ganmarteba – `sadac dafinansebaa,
iq korufciac aris~, an – ìq sadac dafinanseba ar aris, korufcias mainc
aqvs adgili~. rogoc wesi, bevri ram, rasac Cven korufciad aRviqvamT, ka-
nonierebis zRvarzea, an mis miRma imyofeba.
radgan Tavisi mniSvnelobiT ganaTleba, gansakuTrebiT ki umaRlesi ga-
naTleba, mniSvnelovan sazogadoebriv faseulobas warmoadgens, Zalze mniS-
vnelovania pirad materialur sargebelTan dakavSirebuli korufciis sxva
aspeqtis gaTvaliswineba. heinemani ganaTlebis sferoSi korufciis Semdeg

ganmartebas gvTavazobs – ès aris piradi da materialuri sargeblis miRe-
bis mizniT Zalauflebis borotad gamoyeneba~. garda amisa, korufciis cne-
baSi unda CavrToT kidev erTi elementi – profesiul qcevis normebTan Se-
usabamoba. es exeba SemTxvevebs, rodesac pedagogi cdilobs Tavs moaxvios
studentebs piradi faseulobebi, safasurs iTxovs mis mier gamravlebuli
masalis sanacvlod da a.S.
erT dros adgili hqonda diskusias imis Taobaze, korufcia unda ganixi-
lebdes `qerclad~ Tu `zeTad~. greim da kaufmanma gamoTqves mosazreba, rom
am fenomenis moklevadian perspeqtivaSi ganxilvis dros, SeiZleba mogeCve-
noT, rom korufcias SeuZlia biurokratiuli procesis daCqareba da amito-
mac moqmedebs rogorc sistemis `zeTi~. magram, mis greZelvadian perspeqti-
vaSi ganxilvisas, cxadi xdeba, rom operaciis SesrulebisaTvis zedmeti xar-
jis zrdis gamo, korufcia moqmedebs rogorc `qercli~, xolo ekonomikuri
Sedegebi sistemis araproduqtiulobas asaxaven. miuxedavad amisa, umaRle-
si ganaTlebis sferoSi korufcia moklevadian perspeqtivaSic ki ver iqneba
ganxiluli `zeTad~, vinaidan am sistemis ZiriTad mizans warmoadgens ara gar-
kveuli moqmedebebis da operaciebis daCqareba, aramed sazogadoebisaTvis
sando da Tavis sferoSi kargad garkveuli specialistebis momzadeba.
sad gvxvdeba korufcia ganaTlebis sferoSi?
imisaTvis, rom korufciasTan brZolis efeqturi saSualebebi movipo-

voT, upirveles yovlisa, aucilebelia viwinaswarmetyveloT, Tu sad SeiZ-
leba iCinos man Tavi. rogorc tanaka (mkvlevari) varaudobs, korufciuli
movlenebi yvelaze xSiria: saswavlo dawesebulebebis administraciebSi,
SesyidvebSi da pedagogTa Soris.
korufcia saswavlo dawesebulebis administraciaSi

saswavlo dawesebulebis administraciaSi korufcia savaraudoa misaRe-
bi da gamosaSvebi gamocdebis dros, samuSaoze axali pedagogebisa da pro-
fesorebis miRebisas, agreTve, Senobis materialur-teqnikuri baziT aRWur-
visas.
miReba
uamrav qveyanaSi misaReb gamocdebze korufciuli garigebebi sakmaod
Cveulebrivi movlenaa. ivaraudeba, rom universitetebi yvelaze ufro ni-
Wier kandidatebs arCeven, romlebsac SeuZliaT efeqturad gamoiyenon ga-
naTlebaze gamoyofili Tanxebi da, Sesabamisad, gaxdnen TavianT sferoebSi
saukeTeso specialistebi. moklevadian perspeqtivaSi, SerCevis damaxinje-
bul proceduras sargebeli moaqvs administraciis muSakebisaTvis, Cagravs
niWier, magram materialurad naklebad uzrunebelyofil students. xolo,
grZelvadian perspeqtivaSi, uTuod ziani moaqvs sazogadoebisaTvis.
umaRles saswavleblebSi studentebis miRebis dros korufcia mTel
msoflioSia gavrcelebuli. gardamavali periodis saxelmwifoebSi, ekono-
mikuri pirobebis gauaresebisa da universitetebis pedagogebisa Tu pro-

fesorebisaTvis xelfasebis mkveTrad Semcirebis pirobebSi, misaRebi ga-
mocdebis dros korufcia Cveulebriv movlenad iqca. umaRlesi ganaTle-
bis qronikaSi naTqvamia, rom `sabWoTa kavSiris daSlis Semdeg korufcia
erT-erTi im movlenaTagania, romelic farTod aris gavrcelebuli centra-
luri da aRmosavleTi evropidan dawyebuli baltiis zRvamde, kavkasiidan
centralur aziamde~. rodesac saqarTvelos umaRlesi ganaTlebis siste-
mas akvirdebi, geufleba SegrZneba, `rom yvelafris yidva SeiZleba da yve-
la iyideba~, studentebis CaTvliT (umaRlesi ganaTlebis qronika, 48-e qve-
Tavi). magaliTad ukrainaSi, yvelanairi proceduris gavlis gareSe, univer-
sitetSi Cabarebis msurvelma, daaxloebiT, 3000 dolari unda gadaixados,
maSin, rodesac mSobelTa saSualo xelfasi 50 dolars ar aRemateba (umaR-
lesi ganaTlebis qronika, gv. 44).
indoeTSi, sadac mosaxleoba miliards aRemateba, ganaTlebaze Zalze
mcire saxsrebi gamoiyofa, maSin, rodesac samecniero wodebebze moTxov-
nileba uzarmazaria. dReisaTvis aq umaRles ganaTlebas Cveulebriv `pro-
duqtad~ganixilaven da yidva-gayidvis sagnad miiCneven. rogorc umaRlesi
ganaTlebis qronikaSi aRiniSneba, misaReb gamocdebze gadasaxdeli Tanxa
80 dolaridan iwyeba da 500 dolaramde adis (gaaCnia fakultets da sagans).
umaRlesSi moxvedris kidev erTi saSualebaa – nacnoboba da kavSirebis ga-
moyeneba. zogjer, ganaTlebis sistemis maregulirebel kanonebSi iseTi xar-
vezebia, romlebic korufciis gaRvivebas uwyoben xels. savalaloa indoe-
Tis samedicino saswavleblebSi Seqmnili viTarebac.
CexeTis respublikaSi 750 wlis win daarsebul erT-erT yvelaze msxvil
da prestiJul universitetSi, iuridiuli fakultetis studentebi maT mier
ukve Cabarebul misaReb gamocdebs 50 000 kronad (1 500 dolari) yididnen.
Tu momaval studentebs aramarto sagamocdo kiTxvebis, aramed maTze pa-
suxebis SeZena surdaT, maT orjer metis gadaxda uwevdaT.
studentebis miRebis procesSi SesaZlebelia korufciasTan brZolis
gansxvavebuli meTodebis arCeva. xelisuflebam SeiZleba ufro safuZvli-
anad Seamowmos sagamocdo procesebi, raTa aRkveTos qrTamis micemisa da
raime saxis zewolis faqtebi, an CamoarTvas universitets misaRebi gamoc-
debis Catarebis ufleba da damoukidebel sagamocdo dawesebulebebs ga-
dasces, ise, rogorc es amerikis SeerTebul Statebsa da did britaneTSi
xdeba. Tumca, damoukidebeli sagamocdo dawesebuleba, rogorc organo, ar
aris imis garanti, rom gamocdebis dros korufcia aRkveTili iqneba. ga-
naTlebis sistemis restruqturizaciis an sxva cvlilebebis gatarebis gar-
da, yuradReba unda gamaxvildes sxva, aranakleb mniSvnelovan sakiTxebze:
rogor unda moxdes pedagogebis maRali Semosavalebis, maTi moraluri da
eTikuri standartebis uzrunvelyofa.
korufcia adamianuri resursebis marTvis sferoSi

ganaTlebis sistemis erT-erT umTavres komponents kompetenturi da
unariani studentebis SerCeva warmoadgens. Tumca, maRalkvalificirebu-
li pedagogebi aranakleb mniSvnelovani elementia. samwuxarod, ganviTare-
bad qveynebSi kadrebis SerCevis sferoSi korufciis SemTxvevebi fakulte-
tebis donezec gvxvdeba. universitetebSi adamianuri resursebis marTvis
sferoSi ramdenime konkretul Temas gamovyofdi, sadac korufciis Tavi-

dan acileba sakmaod rTulia: fakultetze pedagogTa ayvana, samuSao dat-
virTvis gadanawileba, agreTve, pensiebisa da xelfasebis gacema. raoden ga-
sakviric ar unda iyos, aRniSnul sferoebSi korufciis formebi, sxvadas-
xva qveyanaSi regionis ekonomikuri da kulturuli konteqstis mixedviT,
mkveTrad gansxvavdeba. moviyvan ramdenime magaliTs:
CexeTis respublikaSi, gamocdili pedagogebi, maT Soris isinic, vinc
sxvadasxva dasavleT evropuli fondebidan iReben dafinansebas da ar sa-
Wiroeben Tavad universitetis biujetidan xelfasis gadaxdas, dasaqmebis
problemas awydebian. takeris (2000) mixedviT, CexeTis universitetebSi fa-
kultetebis dekanebi uflebamosilni arian samsaxurSi miiRon momavali pe-
dagogebi, Tumca isini iSviaTad asaqmeben kompetentur leqtorebs. xSirad,
kandidatis SerCeva winaswar xdeba da mxolod amis Semdeg cxaddeba konkur-
si, Tumca masSi monawileobis miRebis msurvelebi universitetebs ar mimar-
Taven, vinaidan ician, rom vakanturi adgili ukve dakavebuli iqneba. take-
ris dakvirvebiT, Cexebi ufro realurad aRiqvamen aRniSnul situacias, vid-
re italielebi, vinaidan es ukanasknelni mainc agzavnian TavianT reziume-
ebsa da samotivacio werilebs, TumcaRa ician, rom gancxadebaSi miTiTebu-
li vakansia, savaraudod, ukve dakavebulia. CexeTis universitetTa kvle-
vebSi sakmaod bevri masalaa mocemuli adamianuri resursebis efeqturad
marTvis Sesaxeb. dekanebi xSirad pedagogebs ar aZleven saSualebas aswav-
lon is sagnebi, raSic isini kargad erkvevian, ar uzrunvelyofen maT saTa-
nado resursebiT, iqneba es sacxovrebeli Tu saswavlo masalis daqseroq-
seba. garda amisa, maT mier wayvanili kursebi Setanilia arCeviTi sagnebis
siaSi, raTa studentebs ar hqondeT motivacia, airCion konkretulad is leq-
ciebi, romlebsac SesaZloa fakultetis saukeTeso pedagogebi atareben.
komunisturi droidan SemorCenili aseTi arasaTanado qcevis ZiriTadi mi-
zani ufrosi pedagogebis damokidebulebaa: maT ar surT, TavianTi privi-
legirebuli Tanamdebobebi ufro kvalificirebul axalgazrda pedagogebs
dauTmon, romlebsac Tanamedrove codna da unarebi aqvT. swored amitom
xdeba vakanturi adgilebis `sasurveli pirebiT~ Sevseba.
umaRlesi ganaTlebis qronikis Tanaxmad, kolumbiis erT-erT yvelaze
prestiJul universitetSi, sadac 18 000 studenti swavlobs, universite-
tis muSakTa meoTxedi (administraciis personali, profesorebi, rigiTi mu-
Sakebi) saerTod ar asrulebs sakuTar movaleobas. maTi umravlesoba dRe-
Si ramdenime saaTs muSaobs, an ubralod megobrebTan saubarSi atarebs
dros. ramdenime iseTi profesori iRebda xelfass, romlebic samsaxurSi
wlobiT ar gamoCenilan. sabuTebis gayalbebisa da universitetis pasuxis-
mgebel Tanamdebobis pirTaTvis qrTamis micemis gziT zogierTi profeso-
ri, administraciis muSaki da rigiTi muSa imaze maRal pensiebs iRebdnen,
vidre maT ekuTvnodaT.
ganaTlebis seqtorSi aseTi tipis korufciis damkvidrebis mizezi cudi
saorganizacio struqtura da susti samarTlebrivi saxelmwifoa. koruf-
ciis waxaliseba xdeba materialuri sargeblis miRebiT, Tumca aramateria-
luri sargebeli, rogorc socialuri qselis SenarCuneba, agreTve mniSvne-
lovan rols TamaSobs.
diplomebis gayidva
Tu ganaTlebis sistema da misi Rirebulebebi damaxinjebul formas
iZens studentTa miRebisa da fakultetze pedagogTa ayvanis korumpire-
buli wesis gamo, diplomebiT vaWrobis saSualebiT myidvels SeuZlia sa-
erTod aaridos Tavi umaRlesi ganaTlebis sistemas, vinaidan mas SeuZlia
SeiZinos ganaTlebuli adamianis statusis damadasturebeli yvela auci-
lebeli sabuTi da isargeblos am privilegiiT umaRles saswavlebelSi
swavlis gareSe.
magaliTad, CineTSi, xaidianis raionSi, quCaSi yalbi beWdis mqone univer-
sitetis diplomis SeZena 25 dolarad SeiZleba. TaRliTobisa da falsifi-
kaciis farTod gavrcelebis gamo, diplomi dRes aRar aris iseTi Rirebu-
li. pekinis teqnikuri universitetis mecnier-TanamSromelTa gamoTvlebiT,
saxelmwifo dawesebulebebSi naxevar milionamde TanamSromels yalbi mec-
nieruli xarisxi aqvs.
diplomebiT vaWroba Cveuli movlenaa yofili sabWoTa kavSiris qveyneb-
Sic. Tumca aq, namdvili diplomis fasi ufro maRalia, vidre CineTSi. unda
aRiniSnos, rom ukrainaSi yalb diplomebs xSirad ucxoelebzec yidian, rac
ukrainis umaRlesi ganaTlebis saimedoobas ara marto qveyanaSi, aramed mis
farglebs gareTac amcirebs da, agreTve, zians ayenebs, rogorc ukrainis,
ise ucxo qveynebis ekonomikas. garda amisa, ruseTisa da ukrainis msgavs qvey-
nebSi, axladmiRebul aspirantebs, momaval filosofiis doqtorebs Sesa-
Zenad Zvel sakandidato disertaciebs sTavazoben. sul raRac 200 dola-
rad SesaZlebelia gasuli saukunis 70-80-ian wlebSi dawerili òTxi~ `meo-
red gamoyenebuli~ disertaciebis `nakrebis~ SeZena. agreTve, SesaZlebelia
biznesis ganviTareba da gamouyenebeli disertaciis TanakurselebisaTvis
miyidva.
akrZalvebis meSveobiT aseTi tipis korufciis winaaRmdeg brZolaSi nak-
lebad savaraudoa raime Sedegis miReba, Tanac diplomebiTa da disertaci-
ebiT vaWroba dRes ukve akrZalulia. aRniSnuli problemis gadaWris erT-
erTi SesaZlo gza avtonomiuri saakreditacio organos dafuZnebaa, romel-
mac unda gamoscados diplomis mqone yvela piri da informacia kandidatis
kvalifikaciis Sesaxeb damqiravebels miawodos. Tu diplomis mflobels
ecodineba, rom dasaqmebis win mas mainc mouwevs gamocdis Cabareba, SesaZ-
loa, yalbi diplomis SeZenis stimuli Semcirdes.
akreditacia
umaRlesi saswavleblebi sazogadoebriv aRiarebas mxolod akreditaci-
is sistemis oficialuri procedurebis gavlis Semdeg iZenen. imisaTvis, rom
universitetma aRiareba moipovos, igi garkveul standartebsa da moTxov-
nebs unda akmayofilebdes.magram, Tu akreditaciis sistema korumpirebu-
lia, `dabali xarisxis institutebs SeuZliaT diplomebis gacema im pireb-
ze, romelTa codna da unarebi, SesaZloa, ar Seesabamebodes arsebul pro-
fesiul standartebs~. agreTve Zalze mniSvnelovania pirTa akreditacia.
magaliTad, iseT qveynebSi, rogoricaa ukraina, sadac xSiria korufcia stu-
dentTa miRebisa da diplomebiT vaWrobis sferoSi, akreditacias Tavad uni-
versitetebi atareben, rac miniWebuli samecniero xarisxis Rirebulebas
eWvqveS ayenebs da misi sandoobis gadamowmebis saSualebas ar tovebs. zog-

jer, korufcias adgili aqvs gamosaSvebi gamocdebis dros, rodesac sasur-
veli niSnis misaRebad studenti gamomcdels qrTams aZlevs. amitom, damqi-
ravebels uWirs umaRlesi saswavleblis axladdamTavrebuli piris ganaT-
lebis donis gansazRvra. aseT dros, korufciis donis Semcireba mxolod
damoukidebel saakreditacio dawesebulebas SeuZlia, im SemTxvevaSi, Tu
Tavad am dawesebulebaSi ar iqneba korufciis faqtebi.
pedagogiuri korufcia
pedagogiuri korufcia kidev erT mwvave problemas warmoadgens, vinai-
dan am problemaSi CarTulni arian da yvelaze metad zaraldebian uSualod
studentebi. ganviTarebad qveynebSi urTierToba studentTa da pedagog-
Ta Soris ar SeiZleba daxasiaTdes, rogorc Tanasworuflebiani (horizon-
taluri urTierToba). piriqiT, es urTierToba ierarqiul xasiaTs atarebs
(vertikaluri) da masSi pedagogi studentze maRla dgas. aseT dominanto-
baze dafuZnebul garemoSi korufciis ganviTarebas Sedegad studentTa ga-
moyeneba moyveba. pedagogTa Soris korufcia ar qmnis ganaTlebis miRebis
Tanabar SesaZleblobebs. magaliTad, zogierT SeZlebul students umaR-
les saswavlebelSi ganaTlebis miRebis SesaZlebloba mxolod gadaxdili
Tanxis gamo eZleva, riTac naklebad SeZlebuli studentebi zaraldebian.
zogjer, pedagogi iRebs qrTams mxolod uunaro studentebisagan, visac da-
moukideblad ar SeuZlia saswavlo programis aTviseba. am SemTxvevaSi, WeS-
maritad niWier da Sromismoyvare studentebs SesaZlebloba aqvT ar mis-
cen qrTami. magram, zogjer, pedagogi qrTams TiToeuli studentisagan
iTxovs, ganurCevlad misi monacemebisa. is, vinc ar ixdis, Sedegad ver aba-
rebs gamocdas. aseTi praqtikis gamo Cndeba uamravi uunaro specialisti.
amasTan, iqmneba dabrkolebebi, romlebic aferxebs perspeqtiuli lidere-
bis mier maTi potencialis gamoyenebas. pedagogiur korufcias, xSirad,
profesiuli normebis Seusabamo qcevas uwodeben. magaliTad, rodesac pe-
dagogi zewolas axdens studentebze da aiZulebs maT SeiZinon mis mier mom-
zadebuli da gamocemuli masala. Semdeg ki, adgenen `Sav sias~, sadac Seyva-
nilia yvela is studenti, romelmac uari Tqva saxelmZRvanelos SeZenaze.
meore sagangaSo aspeqti imaSi mdgomareobs, rom saswavlebelSi xangrZliv-
ma korufciam SeiZleba studentebze moaxdinos gavlena da isinic momaval-
Si korumpirebul moqalaqeebad Camoyalibdnen.
pedagogiuri korufcia da arasaTanado profesiuli qceva – es msofli-
oSi yvelaze gavrcelebuli movlenaa. yofili sabWoTa kavSiris respubli-
kebi, CineTi, kolumbia, indoeTi da CexeTis respublika – maT SeuZliaT mog-
viTxron pedagogebze, romlebic sasesio gamocdebis dros studentebisgan
qrTams iReben; pedagobebze, romlebic Tavs axveven studentebs sakuTar
azrs politikur wyobaze da sxva, aramaterialuri samsaxuris gawevis an mi-
Rebis Sesaxeb (mag. dasvenebis dReebSi studenti muSaobs pedagogis agarak-
ze, sanacvlod ki, es ukanaskneli damatebiT amecadinebs mas da studenti
avtomaturad warmatebiT amTavrebs kurss). sainteresoa, rom CexeTis res-
publikis kanoni umaRlesi ganaTlebis Sesaxeb ar krZalavs aseTi tipis, ise-
ve rogorc bevri sxva saxis korufcias, romelzedac ukve visaubreT. es gva-
fiqrebs imaze, rom SesaZlebelia, es ar iyos akrZaluli sxva saxelmwifoeb-

Sic, gansakuTrebiT yofili sabWoTa kavSiris qveynebSi. saxelmwifoebSi, sa-
dac damoukideblobis aRdgenis Semdeg axali kanonmdeblobis Camoyalibe-
ba xdeboda, saganmanaTleblo sferoSi momuSave Tanamdebobis pirebi ar
ufiqrdebodnen ganaTlebis sistemaSi arsebul korufciis SemTxvevebs da
misgan miRebul Sedegebs. garkveuli mizezebis gamo, isini dResac ar fiq-
rdebian amaze.
meore mxriv, pedagogiuri korufciis prevencia uSualod pedagogTa
xelfasis odenobasTan aris dakavSirebuli. maTi xelfasi unda aRematebo-
des saarsebo minimums. winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi, am sferoSi korufciasTan
brZola uSedego iqneba. aRniSnul situaciaSi, moralur da eTikur aspeq-
tebTan dakavSirebiT Cndeba kiTxva: rogor unda ganisazRvros is zRvari,
romlis qvemoTac pedagog-maswavlebelTa xelfasi imdenad mcirea, rom Se-
saZlebeli iqneba qrTamis aRebis faqtis gamarTleba, da rodis aris peda-
gogis qceva ubralo angareba.
korufcia Sesyidvebis sferoSi

rodesac saganmanaTleblo dawesebulebebi da maTi muSakebi imis gansa-
zRvrisas, Tu romeli kompania miawvdis maT saswavlo masalas, eyrdnobian
ara mowodebuli masalis xarisxs, aramed konkurent dizainerTa an mewarme-
Ta mxridan qrTamebs an sxva saxis sargebels, isini xels uwyoben Sesyidve-
bis sferoSi korufciis gaRvivebas.
rodesac Sesyidvebis sferoSi korufciis Sesaxeb vsaubrobT, aucilebe-
lia gavigoT misi motivacia. SekveTis miRebaSi dainteresebuli mxare qrTams
im mxares sTavazobs, romelic pasuxs agebs saukeTeso arCevanis gakeTeba-
ze. qrTamis micema xdeba imitom, rom mxarem, romelic arCevans akeTebs, Sek-
veTa aucileblad im momwedebels unda misces. aseTi qcevis Sedegi SeiZle-
ba gamoixatebodes iseTi saqonlisa da momsaxurebis SeZenaSi, romelic ar
Seesabameba standarts an SesyidvisaTvis gamoyofil Tanxas. saganmanaTleb-
lo sistemis konteqstSi, SeZenili saqonlisa da momsaxurebis saboloo kli-
entebs studentebi (moswavleebi) warmoadgenen. umetesad, swored isini za-
raldebian standartebisaTvis Seusabamo masalis Sesyidvebis gamo.
rogorc heimanma aRniSna, Sesyidvebis sferoSi korufcia yvela qveyana-
Si arsebobs, miuxedavad misi ekonomikuri ganviTarebis donisa, dawyebuli
keniiT, ugandiT da damTavrebuli – dalasiTa da niu-iorkiT.
korufciis tipebi
mas Semdeg, rac ganisazRvreba is sferoebi, sadac SeiZleba adgili hqon-

des korufcias, Zalze mniSvnelovania masSi monawile mTavari moqmedi pi-
rebis gamovlena da maTi motivaciis dadgena. es SesaZlebelia tanakas mier
SemoTavazebuli korufciis tipebis analizis gziT:
• moculoba: msxvili korufcia / wvrilmani korufcia;
• adgili: saministro / TviTmmarTveloba / kancelaria / skola / klasi;
• gareSe pirTa monawileoba;
• riTi aris ganpirobebuli korufcia (moTxovna da SeTavazeba).
korufciis moculobis analizi xels uwyobs korumpirebuli sistemis di-

agnostikas. aRniSnuli aspeqti SeiZleba daemTxves qrTamis amRebis moti-
vacias: xdeba Tu ara qrTamis aReba angarebis gamo, Tavis gatanis mizniT, Tu
orive aRniSnuli mizeziT. mcire masStabebiT korufciis SemTxvevaSi, qrTa-
mis amRebis motivacias Semosavlis, an raime saCuqris miReba warmoadgens,
rac aanazRaurebda mcire an dagvianebiT gadaxdil xelfass. aseTi tipis ko-
rufcia pedagogiur korufcias Seesabameba da xSir movlenas warmoadgens
gardamaval periodSi myof saxelmwifoebSi. pedagogebi ubralod gadarCe-
nisaTvis ibrZvian da cdiloben sakuTari ojaxebi uzrunvelyon. Tu mTav-
roba dainteresebulia saxelmwifoSi mtkice da saimedo umaRlesi ganaT-
lebis sistemis SeqmniT, man unda gamonaxos saSualeba, uzrunvelyos peda-
gogebisaTvis iseTi xelfasi, rac arsebobisaTvis sakmarisi iqneba. tanakam
gamoTqva azri, rom iseT viTarebaSi, rodesac xelfasi sacicocxlo mini-
mumze dabalia, korufciis ubralo akrZalva, xelfasis asamaRleblad gar-
kveuli zomebis miRebis gareSe ara Tu uSedego iqneba, aramed SeiZleba vi-
Tarebis gamwvaveba gamoiwvios.
korufciis SemTxvevebis adgilebis dadgena mniSvnelovania ori aspeq-
tis gamo. upirveles yovlisa, es xels uwyobs korumpirebuli pirebis fizi-
kur dadgenas. amgvarad, SeiZleba gamovlindnen is pedagogebi an adminis-
traciis muSakebi, romelTac gadametebuli Zalaufleba gaaCniaT. magali-
Tad, Tu aRiarebulia, rom pedagogi korumpirebulia da qrTams iRebs iq,
sadac gamocdebi tardeba, SesaZlebeli gaxdeba Semdegi qrTamis aRebis faq-
tis aRkveTa. garda amisa, aucilebelia korufciis procesSi monawile yve-
la gareSe piris dadgena. korufciis winaaRmdeg brZolis saintereso prog-
rama xorcieldeba azerbaijanSi. is iTvaliswinebs konkretul adgils da
im ZiriTad pirebs, romlebsac SeuZliaT qrTamis aReba.
azerbaijanSi moqmedebs unikaluri sistema, romlis analogi postsabWo-
ur sivrceSi ar arsebobs. am sistemis idea, nawilobriv, TurqeTidan aris
gadmotanili. saxelmwifo sagamocdo komisiis wevrebi yovelwliur misa-
Reb gamocdebamde ramdenime dRiT adre da gamocdebis Semdeg bunkerebSi
Tavsdebian, raTa maT ar hqondeT momavali gamocdebis kiTxvebis gamoaSka-
ravebis, Canacvlebis an aslebis gayidvis saSualeba. sagamocdo kiTxvebis
dedanis adgilze mitana gamocdis wina dRes xdeba, SeiaraRebuli eskortis
TanxlebiT. maTi momzadeba ki sxvadasxva adgilas warmoebs, aradaintere-
sebuli mesame pirebis zedamxedvelobis qveS. amasTan, kompiuteris meSveo-
biT xdeba kiTxvebis kombinaciaTa SerCeva. erTi SexedviT es ukidures pre-
venciul zomebs hgavs. magram, zemoT xsenebuli zomebi namdvilad qmediTia
da Tu maT saboloo mizans umaRlesi ganaTlebis saimedo sistema warmoad-
gens, SesaZlebelia sxva qveynebSi am gamocdilebis gamoyeneba. umaRlesi ga-
naTlebis sferoSi korufciasTan brZolis ZiriTadi mizania iseTi siste-
mis Seqmna, romelSic korufciis faqtebs adgili ar eqneba (an isini iSviaTi
iqneba) da saWiro aRar gaxdeba auditoriis mkacri kontroli.
sxva aspeqtis – moTxovniTa da SemoTavazebiT ganpirobebuli korufci-
is analizi korumpirebuli sistemis konturis danaxvis saSualebas iZleva
da im problemebis gamovlenas uwyobs xels, romelTa winaaRmdeg, Semdgom-
Si, saWiro iqneba prevenciuli programebisa da zomebis meSveobiT brZola.
saerTo jamSi, rodesac qrTamis amReb pirs dakisrebuli aqvs meti Zalauf-
leba, vidre qrTamis mimcems – moTxovniT ganpirobebul korufcias uwo-
deben. maSin, rodesac saxezea ZalaTa balansi qrTamis amReb da mimcem pir-
Ta Soris, saubaria SemoTavazebiT ganpirobebul korufciaze. pedagogiu-
ri korufcia, romlis drosac studenti aZlevs qrTams, rogorc wesi, mo-
TxovniT aris ganpirobebuli, anu misi iniciatori Tavad pedagogia. Tumca,
arsebobs gamonaklisic. umaRlesi ganaTlebis qronikaSi moyvanilia peki-
nis universitetis pedagogis mier gadmocemuli namdvili ambavi. gamosaS-
veb gamocdebamde ramdenime xniT adre mas erT-erTma studentma mimarTa,
romelsac surda filosofiis doqtori gamxdariyo. es studenti xSirad
acdenda leqciebs. cariel auditoriaSi man pedagogisaTvis Tanxis gada-
cema scada. rodesac pedagogma qrTamze uari Tqva, jiuti studenti mis sax-
lTan fuliT savse konvertiT mivida. es mcdelobebi mxolod maSin Sewyda,
rodesac pedagogma konverti aiRo, is derefanSi moisrola da students
kari miuxura. korufciis SemTxvevebi CineTis universitetebisaTvis dama-
xasiaTebeli rom ar yofiliyo, zemoT moyvanili SemTxveva komikuri iqne-
boda. SemoTavazebiT ganpirobebuli korufciis am konkretulma SemTxve-
vam sadamsjelo zomebis miReba ar gamoiwvia, miuxedavad imisa, rom univer-
sitetis administraciis sul mcire erTi muSakisaTvis mainc es ambavi cno-
bili iyo. SemoTavazebiT ganpirobebuli korufciis pirobebSi, damrRvevsa
da qrTamis mimcem pirs ufro xelsayreli pirobebisTvis erTmaneTTan kon-
kurencia SeuZliaT. magaliTisaTvis, gavixsenoT is SemTxveva, rodesac Sek-
veTis miRebis mizniT aRWurvilobis da saswavlo masalis mwarmoeblebi sak-
maod did qrTams aZleven SemkveTebs.
korufciis mizezebi da Sedegebi

mizezebi da prevenciuli zomebi
saganmanaTleblo sferoSi korufciis arsebobis mizezebis gaanalizeba
sam doneze unda moxdes: instituciur, saorganizacio da calkeul indi-
vidTa doneze. agreTve, unda gamovarCioT is faqtorebi, romlebic koruf-
ciisa da misi motivaciis safuZvels warmoadgens.
universitetTa mmarTvelobis arasrulyofili sistema da misi naklova-
nebebi xSirad korufciis safuZvels qmnian. faqtia, rom umaRlesi saswavleb-
lebi erTmaneTs konkurencias ar uweven da sazogadoeba TiTqmis ar aris Car-
Tuli universitetTan dakavSirebuli gadawyvetilebebis miRebis procesSi;
ar xdeba fakultetebisa da maTi muSakebis mxridan universitetis prestiJ-
ze, Sida politikasa da gadawyvetilebis miRebis procesze zrunvis waxali-
seba. instituciur doneze, korufciis aRmavlobaze did gavlenas axdens
agreTve akreditaciasTan dakavSirebuli faqtori. SeiZleba moxdes ise, rom
saganmanaTleblo dawesebuleba ar iyos akreditirebuli an Sefasebuli, ro-
gorc arasaTanado xarisxis swavlebis uzrunvelmyofi dawesebuleba. insti-
tuciur doneze korufciaze gavlenis mqone faqtorebis dawvrilebiTi nus-
xa konkretulad saxelmwifos konteqstSi unda momzaddes.
universitetebSi `jansaRi~ instituciuri garemos Seqmna xangrZlivi da
neli procesia. konkretuli rekomendaciebis micema SeiZleba mxolod mas
Semdeg, rac adgilobrivi umaRlesi saswavleblebis xelmZRvanelebTan mWid-

ro TanamSromlobis safuZvelze, konkretul geografiul regionSi momu-
Save mecnier-TanamSromlebis mier warmodgenili iqneba daskvna.
saorganizacio doneze korufciis winapiroba da motivebi arasrulyo-
fil struqturas moicavs, romelic gzas uxsnis korufcias; agreTve, ara-
sakmaris angariSvaldebulebasa da kontrols da araswor samotivacio
struqturas, maT Soris materialur da aramaterialur waxalisebas. sagan-
manaTleblo dawesebulebebsa da Sesyidvebis sferoSi korufcia, SesaZloa,
msoflios sxvadasxva wertilSi susti saorganiozacio struqturis gamo
warmoiqmnas. angariSvaldebulebis ararseboba aseve uflebamosilebis bo-
rotad gamoyenebis winapirobas qmnis. aseT situaciaSi ukanono qmedebebSi
CarTva saSiSi aRar aris. Tumca, kontrolsa da saTanado doneze Camoyali-
bebul struqturaze metad mniSvnelovania swori samotivacio struqtu-
ris Seqmna, romelic saarsebo minimumze maRal anazRaurebas da iseT mo-
TxovnaTa dakmayofilebas gulisxmobs, rogoricaa Tavmoyvareoba an saku-
Tari unarebis demonstrireba. organizaciaTa Teoriis Tanaxmad, Tu orga-
nizacias ar Seswevs sakuTar TanamSromelTa motivirebis unari, is ver
uzrunvelyofs mWidro TanamSromlobis pirobebs.
vfiqrob, administraciuli struqturisa da samotivacio sistemis sau-
niversiteto garemosadmi Tanamedrove moTxovnebTan Sesabamisad ganaxle-
ba, Seamcirebs korufciis SemTxvevaTa ricxvs.
Tu instituciur da saorganizacio sistemebTan dakavSirebuli proble-
mebis gadaWris Semdeg korufcia mainc iCens Tavs, es imaze metyvelebs, rom
aRniSnuli faqtori universitetis fakultetTa muSakebis pirovnul Tvi-
sebebs ukavSirdeba. pirovnul doneze korufciis mizezebi SeiZleba ganpi-
robebuli iyos iseTi faqtorebiT, rogoricaa profesiuli siamaye an misi
uqonloba, angareba, sixarbe, riskis gawevis survilis arqona da a.S. univer-
sitetis fakultetTa TanamSromlebis piradi TvisebebiT SeiZleba rogorc
korufciis waqezeba, ise misi aRmofxvrac. zemoT aRniSnuli Tvisebebi, ro-
gorc wesi, momaval pedagogTa universitetSi swavlis periodSi viTarde-
ba. Tu universitetSi saswavlo procesebi araswored mimdinareobs da adgi-
li aqvs arasaTanado profesiul qcevas, momaval pedagogebs pedagogis swo-
ri qcevis Sesaxeb SeiZleba mcdari warmodgena CamouyalibdeT.
pedagogTa arasaTanado qcevis problemis gadaWra SesaZlebelia speci-
aluri leqciebis organizebis meSveobiT, agreTve, Sesabamisi zneobrivi fa-
seulobebisa da moraluri standartebis propagandis gziT.
Sedegebi
saerTaSoriso savaluto fondis samuSao dokumentebSi aRniSnulia, rom
korufcias SeuZlia `bevr qveyanaSi gazardos fasebi da SezRudos xelisuf-
lebis SesaZleblobebi iseTi momsaxurebis uzrunvelyofisa da dafinanse-
bis sferoSi, rogorebicaa jandacva da ganaTleba~. korufcia, marTlac,
uaryofiT gavlenas axdens ekonomikis ganviTarebaze. da mainc, ganaTlebis
sferoSi is sxva arasasurvel Sedegebsac iwvevs.
saganmanaTleblo sistemas mniSvnelovani socialuri funqciebi akisria.
kerZod: igi socialuri mobilurobis arxs warmoadgens. idealur SemTxve-
vaSi igulisxmeba, rom kandidatTa guldasmiT SerCevis safuZvelze umaR-
lesi ganaTlebis sistemam unda moamzados momavali saxelmwifo liderebi.

iTvleba, rom SerCevis procesi (rogorc miReba, ise Semdgomi SerCeva) efuZ-
neba akademiuri Canawerebis warmoebas, testebSi miRebul niSnebsa da sxva
saSualebebs, romlebic kandidatTa akademiuri unarebis demonstrirebas
axdens. Tumca, korumpirebul akademiur sistemaSi SerCevis arsebuli forma
fuliT ganpirobebuli SerCeviT icvleba. qrTamis mimcemi piri umaRles sas-
wavlebelSi iricxeba. amrigad, kandidatis an studentis Rirsebebi, misi mo-
tivacia da gulmodgineba mxedvelobaSi miRebuli ar aris. momaval saxel-
mwifo liderTa SerCevis korumpirebul procesSi, Rirseul kandidatTa
umetesoba konkursSi ver gadis. maT adgilebs damsaxurebis armqone pirebi
ikaveben. es uaryofiTad moqmedebs qveynis momaval xelmZRvanelobaze, rac,
Tavis mxriv, saerTo ekonomikur da socialur ganviTarebazec negatiur gav-
lenas axdens.
garda amisa, umaRlesi ganaTlebis sferoSi korufciam, SesaZloa, sakma-
od uaryofiTi gavlena moaxdinos konkretuli sazogadoebis keTildReo-
baze. magaliTad, korumpirebuli samedicino dawesebulebebis arsebobis pi-
robebSi, umaRlesi SeiZleba daamTavros momavalma qirurgma, romelsac da-
moukideblad arasdros Caubarebia gamocda da yovelTvis gavleniani
axloblebis `daxmarebiT~ sargeblobda. is, Tu ra zianis motana SeuZlia ko-
rufcias ganaTlebis sferoSi, naTlad Cans ramdenime xnis win ukrainaSi mom-
xdari SemTxvevis magaliTidan, rodesac SemTxveviT gadaurCa afeTqebas ro-
venis atomuri eleqtrosadguri da kinaRam ganmeorda Cernobilis katas-
trofa. aseTi saSiSi situaciis warmoqmnis mizezebis analizis Semdeg, saga-
moZiebo komisiam daaskvna, rom atomur reaqtorze pasuxismgebel muSakebs
ar gauvliaT saTanado momzadeba, xolo odesis politeqnikuri institu-
tis diplomi maT umaRlesi ganaTlebis sistemis gverdis avliT SeiZines. sam-
wuxarod, ukrainaSi msgavsi `samsaxuris~ gawevis uamravi faqti moiZebneba.
korufcia umaRlesi ganaTlebis sistemaSi udaod zianis momtani mov-
lenaa. misi gavlena sazogadoebaze, xSir SemTxvevaSi, Znelad SesamCnevia da
arapirdapiri saSualebebiT xorcieldeba. sxvagvarad rom vTqvaT, is zians
ayenebs sazogadoebis keTildReobas da sTavazobs problemis moklevadian
gadaWras maT, visac miniWebuli aqvs sakmarisi Zalaufleba da korufciaSi
CarTvis ar eSinia.
globalizacia da korufcia
dRevandel pirobebSi, roca sazRvris gadakveTa sul ufro martivi xde-
ba, Zalze mniSvnelovania imis gacnobiereba, rom korufcia umaRles saswav-
leblebSi mowinave qveynebisTvisac problemad iqceva. umaRlesi ganaTle-
bis qronikis mixedviT, amerikeli profesor-maswavleblebi da mecnierebi
aRar endobian ganviTarebadi saxelmwifoebis mier TavianTi saganmanaTleb-
lo sistemebisa da moqmedi gacvliTi programebis daxvewis deklarirebul
miswrafebas. vinaidan, sul ufro meti ucxoeli studenti mimarTavs ameri-
kul kolejebs, Cndeba kiTxva: `xom ar ecdeba is, vinc miCveulia arapatio-
sani gziT niSnis miRebas, igive gaimeoros CvenTanac?~
magaliTisaTvis moviyvanoT aSS-Si damkvidrebuli doqtoranturaSi Ser-
Cevis procedura. manamde, vidre ganixileba is, Tu ramdenad Seesabameba doq-
toranturaSi Cabarebis survilis mqone piri aseTi tipis swavlebis moTxov-

nebs da aris Tu ara mizanSewonili misi dafinanseba, kandidatma unda war-
moadginos rekomendaciebi, niSnebis furceli da GRE-sa da TOEFL-is tes-
tebSi miRebuli qulebi. magram, rogor moviqceT im SemTxvevaSi, Tu CineT-
Si yvela zemoT xsenebuli sabuTis SeZena Riad aris SesaZlebeli? aucile-
belia Tu ara ekonomikurad Zlieri saxelmwifoebis mxridan qveyanaSi Camo-
suli ucxoeli studentebis akademiuri Canawerebis kontrolis gamkacre-
ba xarisxobrivad Seusabamo kandidatebis miRebis Tavidan acilebis mizniT?
swored aseTi kontroli xorcieldeba zogierT saxelmwifoSi, magaliTad
germaniaSi. ganviTarebadi qveynebidan Camosulma studentebma, romlebsac
surT magistraturis an doqtoranturis gavla, aucileblad unda Caabaron
gamocdebi. amave dros, amerikuli universitetebi SedarebiT daucvelni ari-
an sazRvargareTis umaRles saswavleblebSi arsebuli korufciis Sedegebis
winaSe. Tumca, bolo dros, Seiqmna kompiuteruli programebi, romelTa sa-
SualebiTac SesaZlebelia TOEFL-is, GRE-is, GMAT-isa da sxva testebis Caba-
reba da testirebis Sedegebis gayalbebis Tavidan acileba. aseTi standar-
tizebuli testebis Sedegebis falsificireba mainc xerxdeba. sianteresoa
imis garkveva, rogor axerxeben Cineli TaRliTi studentebi (an isini, vinc
maT magivrad abareben gamocdebs) saimigracio formebis I-20 da IAP-66-is ga-
yalbebas, rac gacvliTi programiT Camosul studentebs aSS-is vizis mopo-
vebis saSualebas aZlevs (kerZo saubris dros miRebuli informacia).
empiriuli savarjiSo
erTi empiriuli savarjiSo Sevasrule da vanderbiltis universitetis

ramdenime ucxoeli studenti gamovkiTxe. ZiriTadi kiTxva exeboda imas, hqo-
niaT Tu ara Sexeba korufciasTan maTi qveynis umaRles saswavlebelSi. gamo-
kiTxvaSi monawileoba sul rva studentma miiRo, romelTagan ori laTinuri
amerikidan iyo, xolo eqvsi – saqarTvelodan, ukrainidan da ruseTidan.
laTino-amerikeli studentebi, romelTagan erTi meqsikis, xolo meore
braziliis kerZo universitetSi swavlobdnen, uaryofdnen maT umaRles sas-
wavlebelSi korufciis arsebobis faqtebs. Tumca, acxadebdnen, rom gago-
nili hqondaT maTi qveynis saxelmwifo universitetebSi korufciis SemTxve-
vebis Sesaxeb.
saqarTvelosa da ukrainis respondentebma ar aRiares, hqoniaT Tu ara
piradi Sexeba korufciasTan, Tumca moiyvanes maTi mSobliuri qveynis uni-
versitetebSi korufciis ramdenime magaliTi. respondentma ruseTidan, ro-
melic Tavad iyo erT-erTi universitetis pedagogi, aRiara, rom mis praq-
tikaSi yofila SemTxvevebi, rodesac studentTa mSoblebi gamocdebis dros
mis moqrTamvas cdilobdnen.
TiToeul maTganTan kerZo saubarSi gairkva, rom umaRlesi ganaTlebis
sferoSi korufciisadmi damokidebuleba gansxvavdeba regionebis mixedviT.
rogorc Cans, saqarTvelosa da ukrainaSi am sferoSi korufcia ukve nor-
mad, Cveul movlenad iqca. respodenti ruseTidan (moskovis mcxovrebi)
amtkicebda, rom mis universitetSi korufcia problemad iyo miCneuli da
reqtori mis aRmosafxvrelad sxvadasxva zomebs mimarTvada.
saerTo jamSi, rTulia studentisagan utyuari informacia miiRo imis

Sesaxeb, Tu rogori piradi Sexeba hqonia korufciasTan. pedagogis an uni-
versitetis administraciis TanamSromlisgan aseTi informaciis miReba ki-
dev ufro rTuli iqneba. obieqturi informaciis misaRebad unda gamoiki-
Txos adamianTa maqsimaluri raodenoba, raTa SesaZlebeli gaxdes sakmari-
si magaliTebis mogroveba da saTanado daskvnebis gamotana. studentebis
gamokiTxva araoficialur atmosferoSi unda moxdes. aucilebelia, agreT-
ve, maTi anonimurobis garantireba.
daskvna
korufcia umaRlesi ganaTlebis sferoSi – es aris movlena, romelic mso-

fios yvela saxelmwifoSi gvxvdeba. is SeiZleba sruliad gansxvavebuli
formisa da tipis iyos, gamovlindes saswavlo procesis nebismier etapze
da universitetis saqmianobis araerT sferoze moaxdinos gavlena – iqneba
es saswavlo procesi Tu organizaciis akreditacia.
korumpirebuli umaRlesi saswavleblebi uSveben arakvalificirebul,
arasaTanadod momzadebul specialistebs, rac uaryofiT gavlenas axdens
sazogadoebis ekonomikur da socialur ganviTarebaze, rogorc mokleva-
dian, ise grZelvadian perspeqtivaSi. korufciis analizi unda moxdes misi
sami donis gaTvaliswinebiT: instituciuri, saorganizacio da individTa
korufcia. calke aRebuli qveynis konteqstSi Seswavlilma TiToeulma do-
nem SeiZleba gvikarnaxos, Tu ra prevenciuli zomebis gatareba iqneba mar-
Tebuli korufciis SemcirebisaTvis.
unda gvaxsovdes, rom korufcia, rogorc movlena, sazogadoebisa da da-
wesebulebis saorganizacio struqturis arasrulyofilebis Sedegs war-
moadgens. amitomac, masTan brZola unda moxdes mecnierul midgomebsa da
sxvadasxva kvlevis safuZvelze da ara ubralo xmamaRali lozungebis meS-
veobiT, riTac Cvens damokidebulebas gamovxatavT aRniSnul sakiTxTan mi-
marTebaSi.
korufcia umaRlesi ganaTlebis sferoSi dRes gansakuTrebiT aqtua-
luria. man metad gansxvavebuli da rafinirebuli formebi SeiZina, rom-
lebic rTulad eqvemdebarebian analizs da romelTa ubralo ignorire-
bac ki Zalze saSiSi xdeba. korufciis faqtebs, misaRebi gamocdidan da-
wyebuli da gamosaSvebi gamocdiT damTavrebuli, saswavlo procesis ne-
bismier etapze vawydebiT. yovelive aman, SesaZloa, rogorc uSualo ise
arapirdapiri gavlena iqonios studentze. gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovania
umaRlesi ganaTlebis sistemaSi korufciasTan dakavSirebuli problemis
gadaWra im CamorCenil an saSualod ganviTarebul qveynebSi, sadac koruf-
cia gansakuTrebiT aris ganviTarebuli. swored aseTi saxelmwifoebis sa-
zogadoeba yvelaze metad saWiroebs efeqturad moqmed saganmanaTleblo
sistemas, raTa axalgazrda specialistTa meSveobiT moxdes qveynis eko-
nomikis ganmtkiceba.
rac mTavaria, unda iyos imis garantia, rom ar moxdeba arsebuli orga-
nuli resursebis gaflangva arakvalificiur studentebze da qveynis mo-
mavali liderebi Ria da samarTliani konkursis gziT iqnebian arCeulni.
literatura
1. Christian Science Monitor. December 1993. “Corruption Undermines Education in
India.”
2. Greenwald, Igor. 1996. “Corruption and Shortage hamper higher Education in Ukraine.”
Chronicle of Higher Education 42:A44
3. Gupta, Sanjeev, Hamid Davoodi, and Erwin Tiongson. 2000. “Corruption and the
Provision of Health Care and Educational Services” IMF Working Paper
4. Heyneman, Stephen (forthcoming) “Education and Corruption”
5. Tanaka, Shinichiro. 2001. “Corruption in education sector development: a suggestion
for anticipatory strategy.” The international Journal of Educational Management 15/
4:158-166
6. The Chronicle of Higher Education. December 2001. “Corruption, Con.ict, and Budget
Cuts A.ict Academe in Former Soviet Republics.” 48/21:A40-A42
7. The Chronicle of Higher Education. August 2002. “In China, Bribery and Fakery Lower
the value of Degrees.” 48/47: A33
8. The Chronicle of Higher Education. August 2002. “In Colombia, Decades of Graft
Cripple a University.” 48/47:A32
9. The Chronicle of Higher Education. August 2002. “In Georgia, Professors Hand Out
Price Lists.” 48/47:A34
10. The Chronicle of Higher Education. August 2002. “In India, Suitcases of Money Buy
Admission to College.” 48/47:A36
11. The Chronicle of Higher Education. September 2001. “Corrupt Admission Alleged in
China.” 48/03:A51
12. The Chronicle of Higher Education. August 2002. “Corruption Plagues Academe Around
the World.” 48/47:A32
13. Tucker, Aviezer. 2000. “Reproducing Incompetence: The Constitution of Czech Higher
Education.” Eastern European Constitutional Review. 94-99
antikorufciuli aRzrdis integrireba
saswavlo programebSi
161
arunas poviliunasi
korufcia deviaciuri sociologiis
TvalsazrisiT
deviaciuri sociologiis kursis moduli
modulis mizani
korufciis movlenis ganxilva deviaciuri sociologiis TvalsazrisiT.
modulis amocanebi
1. deviaciis interpretaciebSi gansxvavebebis gamovlena;
2. deviaciebis subieqturi da obieqturi cnebani;
3. korufciis movlenis, rogorc deviaciis daxasiaTeba;
4. korufciis ganmartebaTa mravalferovnebis gacnoba;
5. im faqtorTa gamovlena, romelzedac damokidebulia korufciis sxva-
dasxvagvari ganmarteba.
I leqcia. deviaciis obieqturi da subieqturi cnebebi
sociologia socialur urTierTobebs ganixilavs. sociologebi ikvle-

ven, Tu rogor yalibdeba xalxSi maTi mdgomareobis Sesaxeb erTiani war-
modgena da ganmarteba; Tu rogor yalibdeba jgufebi zemoT xsenebuli gan-
martebebis safuZvelze; rogor dgindeba qcevis wesebi; rogor gansazRvra-
ven adamianebi erTmaneTis socialur rolebs da rogor aiZuleben sxvas sa-
kuTari wesebis dacvas. sociologebis mier ganxiluli yvela es kiTxva aris
erTi, ufro zogadi xasiaTis kiTxvis nawili: rogor Cndeba (an warmoiqmne-
ba) da narCundeba socialuri wesrigi (wyobileba)?
deviacia (gadaxra/gamonaklisi) socialuri normebis darRvevas an dauc-
velobas warmoadgens. deviaciis analizis meSveobiT, SesaZlebelia socialu-
ri wesrigis Taviseburebebis ukeT aRqma. misi ganxilvisas irkveva, rogor war-
moiqmneba da razea damokidebuli gadaxris mqone cxovrebis modelebi.
deviaciis, rogorc socialuri movlenis cneba, SeiZleba, sul mcire, ori
TvalsazrisiT iyos ganxiluli. zogi mkvlevari deviacias obieqtur rea-
lobad miiCnevs, sxvebi ki xsnian mas, rogorc subieqtebis urTierTobaTa
Sedegs. deviaciis pirvel cnebas obieqturs uwodeben, meores ki – subieq-
turs.
deviaciis obieqturi cneba

sociologebi, romlebic deviacias obieqtur realobad miiCneven, gan-
sazRvraven sazogadoebis normebs da maTgan gadaxras deviaciad miiCneven.
isini sami winapirobiT xelmZRvaneloben:
1. mTlianobaSi, sazogadoeba Tanxmdeba normebze, amitomac mocemuli
Sexedulebis momxreebisaTvis, gadaxra SedarebiT ioli aRmosaCeni da
aRsaniSnavia.
2. gadaxrebi, rogorc wesi, sanqciebs ukavSirdeba. aseTi sanqciebis ma-

galiTebia ignorireba, Worebi, samarTlebrivi qmedebebi da a.S.
3. socialuri wesrigis damrRvevi piris mimarT sasjelis dakisreba jgu-
fisaTvis aris kidev erTi dasturi imisa, rom jgufis wevrebi gansa-
zRvruli saerTo normebiT arian dakavSirebulni.
deviaciis obieqturi cnebidan Semdegi umniSvnelovanesi kiTxvebi war-
moiSveba:
1. rogori kulturuli da socialuri garemoebebiT aris gamowveuli de-
viaciebi?
2. ra aris imis mizezi, rom miuxedavad sanqciebisa, adamianebi mainc
arRveven normebs?
3. ra iqneboda deviaciis minimumamde Semcirebis da misi kontrolis sa-
Sualeba?
zemoT CamoTvlili winapirobebisa da kiTxvebis safuZvelze deviaciis
Seswavlis ramdenime procedura Camoyalibda:
I etapi: unda CamoiTvalos, risi gakeTeba `SeiZleba~ jgufisaTvis da risi
àra~.
II etapi: unda SeviswavloT oficialuri sabuTebi da sxva masalebi, rom-
lebic exeba sazogadoebaSi Camoyalibebuli wesebisa da normebis dam-
rRvev pirebs.
III etapi: unda gavesaubroT aseT dokumentebSi miTiTebul pirebs da ga-
viaroT konsultacia socialuri organos iseT warmomadgenlebTan,
rogorebic arian policielebi da mosamarTleebi.
IV etapi: unda gavarkvioT, riT gansxvavdebian deviantebi aradeviante-
bisagan (SesaZloa, pirveli jgufis pirebi arSemdgari ojaxebidan
iyvnen), imisaTvis, rom davinaxoT is socialuri da kulturuli piro-
bebi, romlebSic normebidan gadaxra metad aris mosalodneli.
V etapi: SevqmnaT deviaciis amxsneli Teoria da SemdgomSi gamoviyenoT
is aRniSnuli movlenis prevenciisa da koreqtirebisaTvis.
deviaciis obieqturi cnebis Sefaseba

deviaciis obieqturi cnebis upiratesoba mkafiod formulirebul ki-
TxvebSi mdgomareobs, xolo naklovanebebi ki, zemoT CamoTvlil, ZiriTad
winapirobebs ukavSirdeba. sazogadoebaSi imdenad bevri mravalferovani
jgufi da azrovnebis wesia, rom adamianebi xSirad ver Tanxmdebian imaze,
Tu ra unda CaiTvalos normad. swored am mizeziT da, agreTve, imis gamo,
rom bevri adamiani socialuri kontrolis organoebis yuradRebis sfero-
Si eqceva, xolo zogi Tavs aridebs amas, xSirad rTulia imis dadgena, vin
aris devianti da vin – ara. garda amisa, socialuri kontrolis organoebis
umetesoba gamorCeul jgufebTan muSaobs. amitomac, ufro didi albaTo-
baa, rom adamianTa garkveuli jgufi normebidan gadaxris gamo daisjeba.
Sesabamisad, deviaciis buneba, misi mizezebi da Sedegebi ar aris martivi da
erTgvarovani.
deviaciis subieqturi cneba

sociologebi, romelTa yuradReba gadatanilia deviantebis socialur
diferenciaciaze, aqcents sxva winapirobebze akeTeben:
1. isini amtkiceben, rom xdeba xalxisa da jgufebis urTierTqmedeba da

urTierToba. isini iyeneben yvelasTvis saerTo simboloebs (zepiri
ena, sxeulis ena, samosis stili da a.S.). simboloebis meSveobiT komu-
nikacia xalxs saSualebas aZlevs, daadginon garkveuli tipebi, miakuT-
vnon erTmaneTi am tipebs da Sesabamisad imoqmedon.
2. sociologebi gamoTqvamen mosazrebas, rom deviacia yvelaze kargad
SeiZleba iyos aRqmuli da ganmartebuli erTmaneTTan urTierTqme-
debis TvalsazrisiT da garkveul tipTan mikuTvnebis gziT. isini mi-
iCneven, rom miniWebuli iarliyi – `devianti~ – aris simbolo, rome-
lic adamianebis diferenciaciasa da stigmatizacias axdens.
3. am mosazrebis momxreebi miiCneven, rom adamianTa qceva ganpirobebu-
lia aseTi gansazRvrebebiT. deviantebs adamianebi gansxvavebulad mi-
iCneven da Sesabamisad eqcevian maT.
aRniSnuli cnebis momxre sociologebi ZiriTad yuradRebas socialur

ganmartebebze, definiciebze da socialur urTierTobebze maT gavlenaze
amaxvileben.
erTi mxriv, isini siRrmiseulad ganixilaven imaT Sexedulebebsa da moq-
medebebs, romlebic garkveul pirebs deviantebad miiCneven.
isini ganixilaven:
1) im garemoebebs, romelSic adamians meti Sansi aqvs deviantad iyos miC-
neuli;
2) rogor xdeba adamianisaTvis deviantis rolis miniWeba;
3) ra zomebs mimarTaven sxvebi pirovnebis aseTi gansazRvrebis safuZ-
velze;
4) ra Sedegi moyveba aseT qmedebas.
meore mxriv, zemoT xsenebuli sociologebisaTvis Zalze mniSvnelova-
nia deviantad miCneuli adamianis Sexedulebebi da reaqcia. isini ikvleven:
1) ra reaqcia aqvs adamians misTvis gamotanil aseT ganaCenze;
2) rogor iRebs is sakuTar Tavze deviantis rols;
3) rogor icvleba misi damokidebuleba jgufis wevrebis mimarT;
4) rogor icvleba deviantis TviTSegneba.
subieturi deviaciis cnebis Sefaseba

interaqtiuli cnebis mixedviT, deviacia axsnilia ara rogorc adamia-
nis nebis miRma obieqturad arsebuli movlena, aramed rogorc adamianTa
urTierTqmedebis Sedegi. amitomac, deviantebi ganixilebian, rogorc gar-
kveuli wesiT socialurad tipizirebuli adamianebi. aseTi tipizacia, ro-
gorc wesi, ukavSirdeba aSkarad aratipiuri qmedebebis aRqmis mcdelobasa
da misTvis Sinaarsis miniWebas. aseTi qmedebebis gagebis mcdelobisas, ada-
mianebi iwyeben stereotipul interpretirebas da konkretul pirs garkve-
ul tips miakuTvneben. isini deviantis motivebs moraluri TvalsazrisiT
afaseben da, amasTan, gansazRvraven imasac, Tu rogor unda moeqcnen mas.
deviaciis subieqturi da obieqturi cnebebis Sedareba

deviaciis obieqturi cneba, upirveles yovlisa, koncentrirdeba devi-
antisaTvis damaxasiaTebel im pirobebsa da Taviseburebebze, ramac gamo-
iwvia normebTan Seusabamo qmedeba an qceva. subieqturi ki, pirvel adgilze

ayenebs, rogorc Tavad deviantebis gansazRvrasa da qmedebebs, ise im pirebs,
romlebic maT `deviants~ uwodeben. aseve ganixileba maTi urTierTqmede-
ba. amitomac am ukanasknel cnebas interaqtiuls uwodeben.
II leqcia. saofise danaSauli

1939 wels, amerikel sociologTa sazogadoebisa da amerikis ekonomis-
tTa asociaciis erTobliv RonisZiebaze, erT-erTma amerikelma sociolog-
ma waikiTxa leqcia Temaze – `saofise danaSauli~ (ingl. white collar crime;
inglisuri termini white collar, romelic arafizikur Sromas niSnavs (fizi-
kur Sromas, Sesabamisad, blue collar ewodeba), xSirad sityva-sityviT iTar-
gmneba – TeTri sayelo). white collar crimes – es aris ofisebsa da dawesebule-
bebSi Cadenili danaSauli, romelic dakavSirebulia maT saqmianobasTan. ase-
Ti danaSaulis mniSvnelovani Tavisebureba imaSi mdgomareobs, rom is Ca-
denilia sakmaod gavleniani adamianebis mier, romlebic xSirad maRali so-
cialuri fenis warmomadgenlebi arian. amitomac, ofisebSi momuSave da sa-
ofise danaSaulis Camden pirebs saofise damnaSaveebs uwodeben, xolo maT
qmedebas – saofise danaSauls.
saofise danaSaulis kvlevis procesSi, e. sazerlendma kolegebTan erTad
diferencialuri asociaciebis Teoria Seqmna, romelic Semdeg ZiriTad de-
bulebebs efuZneba:
1. danaSaulebrivi qmedeba ar aris Tandayolili, aramed is aTvisebadia;
2. danaSaulebrivi qmedebis aTviseba xdeba sxva adamianebTan urTierTo-
bis procesSi;
3. danaSaulebrivi qcevis aTviseba xdeba mcire jgufebSi, romlebic
mWidrod arian dakavSirebulni erTmaneTTan;
4. danaSaulebrivi qcevis aTvisebis procesSi xdeba, rogorc danaSau-
lis procesis, ise masTan dakavSirebuli miswrafebebis, Sexedulebe-
bisa da racionalizaciis meTodebis aTviseba;
5. motivebisa da miswrafebebis aTvisebis procesSi xdeba kanonebis di-
ferencireba – misaRebad da miuReblad, anu im kanonebad, romelTa
dacva aucilebelia da imaT, romelTa dacvac saWiro ar aris;
6. individi devianti an damnaSave xdeba maSin, rodesac misTvis kanonis
dacvis principis nacvlad dominantad iqceva is principi, rom kano-
nis dacva aucilebeli ar aris. aseT SemTxvevaSi Cven saqme gvaqvs di-
ferencialur asociaciasTan. individis qmedeba danaSaulebrivi xde-
ba, vinaidan is mudmivad awydeba danaSaulebriv qmedebebs Tavis gare-
mocvaSi da praqtikulad ara aqvs Sexeba aradanaSaulebriv qcevasTan;
7. diferencialuri asociaciebi SeiZleba gansxvavdebodes rogorc six-
SiriTa da xangrZlivobiT, ise mniSvnelobiTa da intensivobiT;
8. danaSaulebriv qcevas swavloben iseve, rogorc sxva saxis qcevas.
amgvarad, danaSaulebrivi qceva ar aris mxolod mibaZva an imitacia;
9. danaSaulebrivi qceva garkveuli saerTo faseulobebisa da normebis
gamomJRavnebaa. Tumca, zemoT aRniSnuli normebisa da faseulobebis
saSualebiT misi ganmarteba yovelgvar safuZvels aris moklebuli,

vinaidan aradanaSaulebrivi qmedeba imave faseulobebsa da normebs
efuZneba.
sazogadoeba saofise danaSauls naklebad saSiSad miiCnevs, vidre quCis
danaSauls, magaliTad, yaCaRobas, gaupatiurebas, qurdobas da a.S. sinam-
dvileSi ki, viTareba sxvagvaria: saofise danaSauli ufro saxifaToa, vina-
idan uzarmazari finansuri zaralis garda, aseT danaSauls SeiZleba msxver-
plic mohyves.
saofise danaSaulis oTx tips gamoyofen:
1. danaSauli kompaniis winaaRmdeg. maTi umravlesoba kompaniis Tanam-
Sromlebis an klientebis mier aris Cadenili. es aris samuSao adgil-
ze TanamSromlis mier Cadenili qurdoba. aseTi tipis qurdoba xasi-
aTdeba Semdegi niSnebiT:
• TanamSromlis mier Cadenili qurdoba ufro xSiria msxvil da iSvia-
Tia kerZo kompaniebSi. msxvil kompaniaSi qurdoba naklebad Sesam-
Cnevia.
• aseTi qurdoba ufro xSiria im kompaniebSi, romelTa TanamSrom-
lebi eqspluatirebulad grZnoben Tavs, mcire xelfasi aqvT da ara-
saTanadod arian waxalisebulni. TanamSromeli aRiqvams qurdobas,
rogorc damsaxurebul gasamrjelos an gaweuli samsaxurisaTvis
kompensacias.
• TanamSromlebma SeiZleba daiwyon qurdoba, raTa monotonur sa-
muSaos mravalferovneba SesZinon.
• TanamSromlebi, romlebic samuSaoze qurdoben, Tavs damnaSaveebad
ar miiCneven.
2. TanamSromelTa winaaRmdeg Cadenili danaSauli. kompaniebi valde-
bulni arian uzrunvelyon usafrTxo da jansaRi samuSao garemo. mag-
ram, xSirad isini ar akmayofileben aRniSnul moTxovnebs. aseTi qceva
Semdegi mizezebiT aris ganpirobebuli:
• maqsimaluri da swrafi mogebis survili – TanamSromelTa usafrTxo-
ebisa da janmrTelobis uzrunvelyofa damatebiT xarjebs moiTxovs;
• TanamSromlebi kargaven individualobas da isini iseT komponen-
tebad ganixilebian, romelTa Secvlac SesaZlebelia;
• aseTi tipis danaSauls saxelmwifo organoebi praqtikulad ar
aqceven yuradRebas.
3. danaSauli klientis winaaRmdeg
aseTi danaSauli mravalferovnebiT gamoirCeva. maTgan yvelaze ufro
xSiria: klientebis motyueba, cru reklama, janmrTelobisaTvis saSi-
Si produqtiT vaWroba, TaRliToba, fasebis ganzrax zrda.
4. sazogadoebis winaaRmdeg Cadenili danaSauli. es danaSauli, xSir Sem-
TxvevaSi, garemos dabinZurebas ukavSirdeba.
saofise danaSaulis Sedegad gamowveuli zarali SeiZleba sam jgufad
daiyos:
1. ekonomikuri zarali. aseTi danaSauli uzarmazari finansuri zaralis
mizezi xdeba. rogorc wesi, am danaSaulis Sedegad dabali fenebis war-
momadgenlebi da asakovani adamianebi zaraldebian.
2. fizikuri zarali. saofise danaSauliT gamowveuli fizikuri zarali

ufro rTuli, naklebad piraduli da Znelad gamosaZiebelia, vidre
quCis damnaSaveTa mier miyenebuli ziani.
3. socialuri zarali. saofise danaSauli asustebs socialur institu-
tebs, amcirebs maT mimarT ndobas, xdeba sazogadoebis zneobrivi dak-
ninebis mizezi, aRvivebs socialur antagonizms.
saofise danaSauli quCaSi Cadenili danaSaulisagan imiT gansxvavdeba,
rom is racionalurad mzaddeba, gulmodgined aris dagegmili da didi za-
ralis mizezi xdeba. aseTi danaSaulis Taviseburebis ganmsazRvreli faq-
torebia:
1. danaSaulis obieqtma, xSir SemTxvevaSi, arc icis, rom ofisSi dageg-
mili danaSaulis Tanamonawile xdeba;
2. sazogadoeba gulgrilia saofise danaSaulis mimarT;
3. gamoaSkaravebul saofise danaSaulTa ricxvi mcirea, radgan damna-
Saveebi politikurad da ekonomikurad gavleniani pirebi arian;
4. saofise damnaSaveebi stereotipuli damnaSaveebisagan gansxvavdebi-
an. isini pativsacemi, gavleniani pirebi arian.
saofise danaSaulis Cadenis motivebi sami aspeqtiT SeiZleba aixsnas:
1) xazgasmulia fsiqologiuri faqtorebi (wesebis gareSe moqmedebis
survili, winaaRmdegobis gawevis unaris arqona, liderobisa da fu-
lis nebismieri gziT mopovebis nevrotuli survili da sxva);
2) gamoiyeneba diferencialuri asociacia (E. Sutherland-is Tanaxmad, piri
iTvisebs danaSaulebriv qcevas, Tu im jgufisaTvis, romelsac is ekuT-
vnis, aseTi qceva ufro damaxasiaTebelia, vidre aradanaSaulebrivi);
3) danaSaulebrivi qceva baTildeba (danaSaulis Camdeni pirebi ar miiC-
neven Tavs namdvil damnaSaveebad da axdenen sakuTari qmedebis raci-
onalizacias an gabaTilebas). D. Matza gabaTilebis xuT saSualebas ga-
moyofs:
• pasuxismgeblobis uaryofa. damnaSave miiCnevs, rom mas ar SeuZlia
socialur Zalebsa da garemoebebTan dapirispireba: damnaSavea mSo-
beli, alkoholi, damqiravebeli, Tavad kompania da a.S.
• zianis uaryofa. danaSaulis Camdeni piri amtkicebs, rom mis mier
miyenebuli ziani umniSvneloa.
• msxverplis uaryofa. damnaSave acxadebs, rom is axorcielebs mar-
Tlmsajulebas da sjis msxverpls.
• samarTaldamcavi organoebis uaryofa – ìsini Tavad damnaSaveebi
arian~.
• yuradRebis gadatana ufro mniSvnelovan faseulobebsa da mova-
leobebze. sxva momentebi: ojaxisaTvis, megobrebisaTvis da a.S. dax-
marebis gawevis aucilebloba – rac kanonis moTxovnebs aRemateba.
III leqcia. korufciis gansazRvreba

miuxedavad imisa, rom TiTqmis yvela mkvlevari iziarebs im azrs, rom ko-
rufcia nebismier sazogadoebas, wyobasa Tu qveyanas axasiaTebs, kvlevebma
cxadyo, rom korufciis gansazRvris, Sefasebisa da ganmartebis Sesaxeb
arsebuli Sexedulebebi Zalze gansxvavebulia. empiriuli kvlevebis Cata-
rebis dros yovelTvis warmoiqmneba sul mcire ori faqtori, romlebic ko-
rufciis movlenis aRqmas aferxeben.
1. ar arsebobs korufciis zusti gansazRvreba. rogorc socialuri mec-
nierebebis bevri sxva cneba, korufciis cnebac ar aris mudmivi, cva-
lebadia da istoriul, socialur da kulturul pirobebzea damoki-
debuli.
2. korufciis masStabi da aRqma xSirad icvleba socialuri konteqsti-
dan gamomdinare. am movlenis masStabis Sefaseba, da is normebi, ro-
melTa safuZvelzec misi daxasiaTeba xdeba, icvleba droisa da adgi-
lis mixedviT.
sxvadasxva qveyanaSi korufciis gansazRvreba mkveTrad gansxvavdeba.
pirvelad am problemis Sesaxeb anTropologebma ganacxades. maT miuTiTes
im gansxvavebebze, romlebic ganpirobebulia araerTgvarovani socialuri,
religiuri da kulturuli konteqstiT. garda amisa, korufcia warmoad-
gens konkretul politikur movlenas, amitom misi daxasiaTeba rTuldeba.
politologTa gansazRvreba gansxvavdeba korufciis im cnebebisagan, rom-
lebsac Tanamedrove sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsebSi vxvdebiT.
socialur mecnierebaTa gansazRvrebebi

socialur mecnierebebSi arsebuli korufciis Zalze gansxvavebuli gan-
sazRvrebebi SeiZleba sam ZiriTad jgufad daiyos. es gansazRvrebebi xazs
usvamen:
1) sajaro samsaxurebs;
2) sabazro urTierTobebs;
3) sazogadoebriv interesebs;
korufciis gansazRvrebebi, romlebic xazs usvamen sajaro samsaxurs

mecnier-politologTa umravlesoba tradiciulad irCevs iseT qceva-
sa Tu praqtikaze orientirebul gansazRvrebebs, romlebic sajaro sam-
saxuris saqmianobis maregulirebel samarTlebriv normebsa Tu formebs
arRveven.
im gansazRvrebebis meSveobiT, romlebic sajaro samsaxurs usvamen xazs,
SesaZlebeli iqneboda am rTuli movlenis axsna da korufciis usazRvro
gansazRvrebebis dayvana aSkara, konkretul SemTxvevebamde. sinamdvileSi,
is normebi, romlebic gamoiyeneba aRniSnuli jgufis gansazRvrebaSi sis-
xlis samarTlis kodeqsis normebisagan didad ar gansxvavdeba. korufciis
Semcirebis mizniT ganxorcielebuli samarTlebrivi reformebi, xSir Sem-
TxvevaSi, ubralod farTod gavrcelebul korufciis faqtebTan SebrZo-
lebis mcdelobaa. rodesac korufciis garkveuli SemTxvevebi vrceldeba
da maTi gakontroleba rTuli xdeba, sajaro samsaxuris maregulirebeli
normebi mkacrdeba an gadaixedeba. es politikosebisa da saxelisuflebo

struqturebisadmi undoblobas iwvevs.
sajaro samsaxuris xazgamsmeli gansazRvrebebi stabiluri, obieqturi
da amis gamo politologebs Soris sakmaod popularulia. samarTlebrivi
reduqcionizmi normatiuli aspeqtebis gamartivebas iwvevs. damtkicebu-
lia, rom samarTlebrivi normebi realur da, Sesabamisad, sagrZnob faseu-
lobaTa sistemas asaxaven, romlebic SeiZleba apriori adaT-wesebisa da,
agreTve, sazogadoebis samarTlebrivi da eTikuri struqturis gamovle-
nad CaiTvalos.
kritika
aseT pirobebSic ki, SeuZlebelia samarTlebriv normebSi interpreta-
ciuli xasiaTis gansxvavebebisa da maTi droTa ganmavlobaSi Secvlis Tavi-
dan arideba. ibadeba kiTxva, sajaro samsaxuris maregulirebeli normebis
romeli formulireba unda iyos gamoyenebuli.
avtorTa umravlesoba miiCnevs, rom korufciis gansazRvris kriteriu-
mebi unda moiZebnos sakanonmdeblo, sasamarTlo da sxva saxelisuflebo
organoebis normatiul diskursSi. unda gaviTvaliswinoT isic, rom samar-
Tlebrivi normebi yvelaze metad asaxaven konkretuli jgufis – mmarTve-
li elitis standartebsa da eTikur normebs da amitom, socialuri Tval-
sazrisiT SeiZleba sakamaTo iyos da Secvlas saWiroebdes.
sxva gansazRvrebebTan SedarebiT, zemoT xsenebul gansazRvrebas is upi-
ratesoba gaaCnia, rom maTi meSveobiT SesaZlebelia sxvadasxva qveynis, sa-
zogadoebisa da wyobis Sedareba. miuxedavad amisa, bevri momenti ganusa-
zRvreli da, Sesabamisad, auxsneli rCeba.
sabazro urTierTobebis xazgamsmeli korufiis gansazRvrebebi

mecnierTa Zalze mcire nawili korufciis axsnis dros ekonomikur Teo-
riebs mimarTavs. anu, isini korufcias ganmartaven, rogorc mosyidvis gziT
miRebul politikur gadawyvetilebebs. es ganmarteba efuZneba sajaro arCe-
vanis Teorias imis Sesaxeb, rom socialuri agentebi, Tavisi privilegire-
buli mdgomareobidan gamomdinare, piradi sargebelis miRebas cdiloben.
aseTi gansazRvreba damajerebelia, rodesac vsaubrobT korufciis ise-
Ti SemTxvevebis Sesaxeb, romlebSic samarTlebrivi kriteriumebi arc Tu
ise naTelia (meqrTameoba, ukanono gziT mopovebuli fuladi saxsrebis na-
wilis zeda eSelonebSi miwodeba). korufcia ganixileba, rogorc gacvla-
gamocvla sajaro moxeleebsa da kerZo biznesmenebs Soris.
kritika
Tu korufcias ganvmartavT, rogorc piradi sargeblis miRebis mizniT
racionalur qmedebas, maSin ra iwvevs fuladi anazRaurebis miRebas, Tu is
kanonsawinaaRmdegoa? aseTi gansazRvreba moraluri mxaris ignorirebas
axdens da gavlena aqvs socialuri agentebis logikur argumentaciaze. am
gansazRvrebis zogierTi momxre, romelic aqcents sabazro urTierTobeb-
ze akeTebs, kanondarRvevis moralur fass aRiarebs. amave dros, ar aris gan-
martebuli, ra igulisxmeba am fasSi. sabazro urTierTobebis gaTvaliswi-
nebisas Cven gvaviwydeba is principebi, romlebic sajaro moxeleebsa da Ta-

namdebobis pirebs garkveul valdebulebebs akisrebs. korufciis bazris
ganmarteba (sadao cnebaa) SeiZleba iyos gansazRvruli, rogorc paralelu-
ri gacvla, romlis drosac sargebeli nawildeba aralegalurad da gavle-
nas axdens Sida politikaze (e.w. Savi bazari). aseTi gansazRvreba Sesabami-
sobaSi ar modis Tavisufali bazris meqanizmebTan. TviT ganmarteba `Savi~
ewinaaRmdegeba arCevanis Tavisuflebas, rac sabazro ekonomikisaTvis da-
maxasiaTebelia.
gansazRvreba, romelic xazs usvams sazogadoebriv interess

bolo dros, socialuri mecnierebis warmomadgenlebi sul ufro xSirad
varaudoben, rom zemoT xsenebuli tipis ganmartebebi viwrodaa gagebuli.
erTi mxriv, ganmartebebi, romlebic xazs usvamen sabazro urTierTobebs
gamosadegia im SemTxvevaSi, roca saqme korufciul garigebebs exeba, mag-
ram arasakmarisia socialuri gacvlis dros. aseve, moraluri Sedegebis
mniSvnelobisaTvis. meore mxriv, arsebobda korufciis, rogorc saxelmwi-
fo samsaxuris mier reglamentirebuli normebis, axsnis tendencia. sajaro
interesebis klasikuri gageba aRorZinda. sajaro interesi ubiZgebs xalxs,
daZlion egoizmi, sakuTari moTxovnilebebi sxvebis moTxovnilebebTan Se-
aTavson.
kritika
ibadeba kiTxva: visi moraluri RirebulebebiT unda vixelmZRvaneloT?
moraluroba aRiqmeba, rogorc socialuri konstruqti da imis gansazRvra,
aris Tu ara is korufcia, damokidebulia konkretul pirovnebaze.
kritikosTa gancxadebiT, sajaro interesi sust referencias warmoad-
gens, vinaidan xSirad gaurkvevelia, ras niSnavs es termini. aRniSnuli cne-
ba SeiZleba farTod iyos interpretirebuli, amitomac SedarebiTi Sefa-
sebisas cdiloben Tavi aaridon mas. Tumca, es xels ar unda uSlides imis
axsnas, Tu ratom iyenebs sxvadasxva sazogadoeba korufciis gansazRvris
dros sxvadasxva normas, an ratom icvleba es normebi droTa ganmavlobaSi.
IV leqcia. korufciis ganmartebis ganviTareba

korufcia, rogorc `samarTliani~ saxelmwifos daknineba
dasavluri politikuri azrovnebis iseTi fuZemdeblebisaTvis, rogo-
rebic arian – platoni da aristotele, korufcia samarTliani wyobis ga-
dagvarebas gulisxmobda, rodesac mmarTveloba piradi sargeblis miRebis
mizniT xorcieldeba (anu tirania, oligarqia, demagogia). es tradicia da-
savluri politikuri azris Camoyalibebis mTel periodSi grZeldeboda
(iqneba es Toma akvineli, Jan-Jak ruso, monteskiu, burki Tu XX saukunis fi-
losofosebi, an demokratiis Tanamedrove Teoretikosebi).
II msoflio omis Semdeg dawyebulma dekolonizaciam msoflio politi-
kur rukaze uamravi axali subieqti gamoaCina, romelTa demokratiuli fa-
seulobebi ar emTxveva dasavleTis demokratiis istoriulad Seqmnil fa-
seulobebs.
korufcia Tanamedrove socialuri Teoriebis TvalsazrisiT

vaniWebT ra korufciis kvlevebs konkretul Teoriul skolebs da mi-
marTulebebs, Cven ar vcdilobT gavamartivoT SexedulebaTa da meTodTa
is mravalferovneba, romelic aRniSnuli movlenis sirTulis aRqmaSi gvex-
mareba. TiToeuli Teoriuli Sexedulebis specifika damokidebulia inter-
pretaciisaTvis SerCeul ganmartebebze. maTi evolucia am movlenis dasa-
xelebis meTodebis cvalebadobas gviCvenebs.
funqcionaluri Sexeduleba
funqcionalistebis TvalsazrisiT, korufcia politikuri zegavlenis
kidev erTi formaa. XX saukunis 60-ian wlebSi funqcionalizmi toleran-
tulad iyo ganwyobili korufciis formebisadmi. funqcionalistebi amtki-
cebdnen, rom es movlena ekonomikur da politikur integracias amyarebda.
kulturulma relativizmma meti Tavisufleba mogvaniWa, radgan amtkiceb-
da, rom korufcia zogierTi kulturisa da sazogadoebis Tavisebureba iyo.
aq SeiZleba makiavelis gavlenis SemCneva. rogorc florencielma moazrov-
nem aRniSna, xelisuflebisa da misi SenarCunebisaTvis brZola ar Semoifar-
gleba mxolod samarTlebrivi da eTikuri normebiT. funqcionalistebi ki-
dev ufro Sors wavidnen, roca ganacxades, rom korufciam dadebiTi gav-
lena moaxdina politikur sistemaze.
kritika
dRes rTuli iqneba korufciis konvenciuri formebis sargeblis damtki-
ceba, romlebmac politikuri sistemis ngrevisaTvis niadagi moamzades.
istoriulad mcdari aRmoCnda Sexeduleba imis Sesaxeb, rom CamorCenil eko-
nomikur regionebSi korufcia ekonomikis zrdas uwyobda xels. funqcio-
nalistebi arasodes xsnidnen korufciis uaryofiT zegavlenas.
sabazro xedva
sabazro xedva emyareba korumpirebul garigebebs biurokratiul done-
ze. amgvarad, ekonomikuri Teoria araliberalur saxelmwifo Teoriebs uer-
Tdeba. Teoretikosebi, romlebic mkveTrad akritikebdnen funqcionaliste-
bis azrs korufciis sargeblis Sesaxeb, cdilobdnen moraluri sakiTxebi-
saTvis gverdi aevloT. e.i. korufcia or umniSvnelovanes faqtors emyareba:
arsebuli SesaZleblobebis struqturas da maTi aRmocenebis mizezebs.
uzrunvelyofili saxelmwifoebis krizisma da socialisturi ekonomikis
kraxma xelsayreli pirobebi Seqmna korufciis konceptualizaciisaTvis.
amtkicebdnen, rom korufcia vrceldeboda iq, sadac saxelmwifo uSualod
iyo CarTuli bazarSi. SemoTavazebuli zomebi Zalze martivi iyo: korufci-
is gavrceleba nakarnaxevi iyo saxelmwifos zedmeti CareviT sabazro ekono-
mikaSi. e.i. saWiroa privatizacia da regulirebis Sewyveta. XX saukunis 80-
wlebSi, sabazro urTierTobebis momxreebi neoliberalebs uWerdnen mxars.
maTi azriT, rac ufro pataraa saxelmwifo, miT naklebia korufcia. msof-
lioSi mimdinare privatizaciisa da regulirebis uaryofis procesma koruf-
ciis ganviTarebisaTvis axali SesaZleblobebi Seqmna. korufciis gamoZieba-
Si politikur ekonomistTa wvlili xels ar uSlis neoliberalebs, gansa-
zRvron korufciis motivacia, rogorc sazogadoebis arCevani.
kritika
Teoriuli TvalsazrisiT, racionaluri arCevanis cnebam pirovnebis eTi-
kuri normebi gaaufasura. sinamdvileSi, TiToeuli adamianis patiosnebis
normebi, romlebsac sajaro samsaxurebi eToss daarqmevdnen, mogebis kal-
kulaciis farglebs scildeba da mniSvnelovani elementi xdeba korufci-
is cnebis gansazRvrisaTvis. korufciis aseTi axsnis Teoriuli arastabi-
luroba ganpirobebulia saxelmwifoSi neoliberaluri Teoriis naklova-
nebiT.
sistemuri (neokritikuli) Sexeduleba

am Sexedulebis momxreebi gaurbian demokratiuli procesebis axsnis ga-
martivebul da meqanikur interpretacias imis Sesaxeb, rom demokratia ara
mxolod procedurebis da organoebis nakrebia, aramed normativTa siste-
macaa. mis saboloo mizans sazogadoebam unda miaRwios. demokratiuli Te-
oriis Tanamedrove literatura yuradRebiT aanalizebs normatiul aspeq-
tebs da Taviseburebebs, maT paTologiebs. ase xdeba ara imitom, rom koruf-
cia demokratias axasiaTebs, aramed imis gamo, rom uaryofiTi Sedegebi de-
mokratiis principebs ufro azaralebs, rogorebicaa: Tanasworoba, pasu-
xismgebloba, sajaro gadawyvetilebaTa gamWvirvaloba da a. S.
aRorZinebuli moralisturi Sexeduleba Tanaarsebobs im azrTan, rom
bolo aTwleulebSi demokratiis eTikuri safuZvlebi ingreva. civi omis Sem-
deg gavrcelebuli akademiuri daintereseba mWidrod aris dakavSirebuli
saxelmwifos ngrevis procesebTan.
korufcia ara SemTxveviTi, aramed sistemuri movlenaa, romelic xSirad
ufro efeqturia, vidre kanonieri politikuri sistema, romliTac is saz-
rdoobs. es ar aris gamonaklisi, es ufro wesia: korufcia demokratiis sa-
fuZvlebs uqmnis safrTxes, xels uwyobs organizebul danaSauls da sazoga-
doebaSi politikis mimarT nihilistur damokidebulebas zrdis. korufcia
eTayvaneba ekonomikisa da Zalauflebis erTianobas: fuli Zalauflebis xel-
Si Cagdebis, xolo Zalaufleba – gamdidrebis did saSualebas iZleva.
socialuri Teoretikosebi mowodebulni arian kritikulad gadaxedon sa-
kuTar ganmartebebs da korufciis empiriul gansazRvrebaSi normatiuli
aspeqtebi CarTon. institutebis politikurma krizisma da reformam gamo-
avlina korufciis normatiuli analizis Catarebis aucilebloba. sazogado-
eba aRar aris Semwynareblurad ganwyobili politikuri korufciis mimarT.
XX saukunis 90-ani wlebis dasawyisSi korufcia gadawyvetilebebis miRe-
bis yvela doneze (adgilobriv, regionalur, erovnul Tu saerTaSoriso)
msjelobis sagnad iqca. demokratiuli qveynebis umravlesobaSi, masobrivi
informaciis saSualebebSi mxilebebis, skandalebis, politikuri gamoZiebe-
bisa da sasamarTlo procesebis talRa agorda. is xelisuflebebic ki, rom-
lebic korufcias `sxvebis problemad~ ganixilavdnen, reagirebas axdendnen
imaze, rac xdeboda –kontrolis sxvadasxva saxis zomebs awesebdnen.
miuxedavad amisa, saerTaSoriso samTavrobo (evropis sabWo, evrokavSi-
ri, evropis TanamSromlobis da uSiSroebis organizacia, msoflio banki,
saerTaSoriso savaluto fondi) da arasamTavrobo organizaciebSi koruf-
ciis zrdis gamo SeSfoTeba matulobda.
korufcia da sajaro politika

dResdReobiT, kvlevebis Catarebis dros, udides interess iwvevs koruf-
ciis gavlena mTavrobis mier gadawyvetilebebis miRebaze. erTi sityviT –
korufcia da kargi marTva erTmaneTTan SeusabamobaSia.
korufcia ara marto moralis, aramed sajaro politikis problemasac
warmoadgens. is sufevs iq, sadac saxezea sazogadoebrivi eTikis daknineba.
saxelmwifos araTanmimdevruli xasiaTi, sajaroobasa da pirad cxovrebas
Soris praqtikulad gamqrali gansxvavebebi, korufciasTan dakavSirebuli
problemebis RerZs warmoadgens. es aiZulebs politikosebs, yuradReba mi-
aqcion kontrolis gaZlierebas da sajaro cxovrebis normebs gadaxedon.
gaeroSi mudmivad saubroben korufciaze da akritikeben mas, xedaven mas-
Si cudi politikisa da susti mmarTvelobis Sedegebs. saerTaSoriso orga-
nizaciebi, rogorebicaa – saerTaSoriso savaluto fondi, msoflio bani da
sxva, aseve aRiareben, rom maTi programebis Sesruleba mxolod kvalifici-
rebuli ekonomistebis meSveobiT SeuZlebelia da rom aucilebelia speci-
fiuri, socialuri, kulturuli, politikuri da instituciuri faqtore-
bis gaTvaliswineba. CamorCenili qveynebis finansuri daxmareba xels ar
uwyobs maT ganviTarebas, aramed ayalibebs korumpirebul elitas. evropis
komisia daJinebiT moiTxovs, rom CamorCenili qveynebis gansazRvris kri-
teriumad miCneuli unda iyos efeqturi marTvis struqturebi.
V leqcia. korufciis empiriuli kvlevebi

litvaSi Catarebuli korufciis kvlevebis Sedegebi gamoqveynebulia
organizaciis `Transparency International~ litvis ganyofilebis veb-gverdze:
www.transparency.lt
litvaSi mudmivad tardeba korufciis orgvari empiriuli kvlevebi. ukve
eqvsi welia xdeba korufciis aRqmis indeqsis gazomva (ix. tab. 1), xolo 2001
wlidan tardeba kvleva – `litvis korufciuli ruka~.
korufciis aRqmis indeqsi aCvenebs, ramdenad aris aRqmuli gamokvleu-
li qveynis mier sajaro moxeleebs, TviTmmarTvelobis moxeleebsa da po-
litikosebs Soris arsebuli korufcia. korufciis aRqmis indeqsi aris kom-
pleqsuri maCvenebeli, romelic dgindeba mewarmeTa warmomadgenlebis ga-
mokiTxvisa da eqspertTa mier Catarebuli kvlevebis safuZvelze. saerTa-
Soriso politikuri organoebi, biznesisa da safinanso struqturebi ko-
rufciis aRqmis indeqss informaciis mniSvnelovan wyarod miiCneven.
cxrili 1. litvis korufciis aRqmis indeqsi 1999-2004 ww.
korufciis gamokvlevebis sul qveyana,
weli
indeqsi raodenoba litvis adgili
1999 3,8 6 99/50
2000 4,1 4 90/43
2001 4,8 5 91/38
2002 4,8 7 102/36
2003 4,7 10 133/41
2004 4,6 9 146/44
kvlevis mizania korufciis gavrcelebis instituciuri da geografiu-

li dakvirveba, romelic tardeba litvis mosaxleobisa da mewarmeTa war-
momadgenlebis sociologiuri gamokiTxvis safuZvelze. kvleva moicavs: 1.
korufciisadmi, sazogadoebaSi misi donisa da rolisadmi litvis moqala-
qeTa da mewarmeTa warmomadgenlebis damokidebulebis analizs; 2. koruf-
ciis (meqrTameobis) SemTxvevebTan Sexebis piradi gamocdilebis ganzoga-
debasa da korufciis Sesaxeb informaciis wyaroebs. 3. sazogadoebis anti-
korufciuli potencialis Sefasebas.
romeli qveyanaa ufro korumpirebuli? iyo Tu ara korufciis done XX
saukunis bolos ufro maRali, vidre 80-ian wlebSi? socialur da politi-
kur mecnierebaTa warmomadgenlebs sul ufro xSirad ainteresebT koruf-
cia, rogorc qmedeba, romelsac mohyveba aRniSnuli movlenis ufro far-
To, empiriulad dasabuTebuli SedarebiTi ganmarteba.
dasaxul mizanTa Soris pirvelia korufciis donis Sefaseba. magram, am
miznis miRwevis procesSi garkveul sirTuleebs vawydebiT. gansxvavebuli
samarTlebrivi da moraluri normebis mqone qveynebis korufciis donis Se-
fasebis mcdeloba kritikis sagani xdeboda, vinaidan is kritikuli stere-
otipizaciis zomad iyo miCneuli. stereotipizaciis problema warmoiqmne-
ba operacionalizaciis doneze, magram isic Sesadarebel parametrebTan
aris dakavSirebuli. sxvadasxva qveynis marTva gansxvavebuli wesebisa da
normebis safuZvelze xdeba. amitomac, ibadeba kiTxva, visi standartebi da
normebi unda CaiTvalos aTvlis wertilad Sedarebis dros?
amgvarad, Cven vubrundebiT problemas: rogor unda moxdes `kulturu-
li relativizmis~ Tavidan acileba? aucilebelia kulturaTa specifiuro-
bis gaTvaliswineba. Tumca, es xSirad korufciis sxvadasxva formebisadmi
Semwynareblobis mizezi xdeba, vinaidan aseTi formebi konkretuli sazo-
gadoebisaTvis sasargeblod aris miCneuli. amasTan dakavSirebiT eqsper-
tebi xazs usvamen imas, rom konkretul qveyanaSi korufciis Sefasebis dros
mxedvelobaSi unda iyos miRebuli korufciis aRqmis indeqsis qulebi da
ara is, Tu romel adgilzea qveyana. rogorc qulebi, aseve qveynis adgili,
SeiZleba Seicvalos Cveulebrivi meTodologiuri kvlevis Sedegad.
socialur da politikur mecnierebaTa warmomadgenlebi gvirCeven vi-
sargebloT zemoT xsenebuli indeqsiT da gamoviyenoT is korufciis Sem-
dgomi gamovlenisa da dazustebis aTvlis wertilad.
samwuxarod, korufciis donis xarisxobrivi Sefasebis Catarebis, misi
kontrolirebis RonisZiebebis sistemaTa daxasiaTebisa da kontrolis qme-
diTobis Sefasebis mcdeloba arc Tu ise xSiria. saboloo jamSi, korufcia,
rogorc politikuri sakiTxi, erToblivi saswavlo procesis Semadgenel
nawils warmoadgens. xdeba korufciis kontrolis, misi warmatebebisa da wa-
rumateblobebis warsuli gamocdilebis dagroveba. arsebuli gansazRvre-
bebis mravalferovneba SeiZleba empiriuli kvlevebis warmoebisaTvis dab-
rkolebad iqces. alternativad gvesaxeba cnebis operacionalizacia, rac
sirTules warmoadgens. korufciuli donis gansazRvrisas, empiriul kvle-
vebSi safuZvlad xSirad miiReba samarTlebrivi an formaluri kriteriu-
mebi. rogorc wesi, es kriteriumebi imis mudmivi da zusti maCvenebelia, Tu
ras warmoadgens korufciis done garkveul sazogadoebaSi da garkveul
dros. miuxedavad amisa, samarTlebrivi normebic ar aris erTgvarovani. sis-

xlis samarTlis kodeqsis mixedviT ganmartebuli korufciis cneba arc Tu
ise gansxvavdeba sxva saxis iseTi danaSaulisagan, rogoricaa TaRliToba,
gaflangva, yaCaRoba. garda amisa, adgili aqvs korufciis gansazRvrebis ga-
farToebis tendencias im mizniT, rom masSi CarTuli iyos rac SeiZleba meti
gavrcelebuli movlena (mag. arafuladi motivacia, pasiuri da aqtiuri ini-
ciativebisa da kanonieri da ukanono Sedegebis gamijvna).
samarTlebrivi kriteriumebic ar warmoadgenen zust maCvenebels. ko-
rufciuli garigebebis umetesoba uxilavi da gasaidumloebulia. koruf-
ciis koncefciidan sazogadoebrivi reaqciis gamoricxvis SemTxvevaSi Cnde-
ba samarTlebrivi diqotomiis saSiSroeba (mag. samarTlebrivi Tvalsazri-
siT arakorumpirebuli, xolo arasamarTlebrivi TvalsazrisiT – korum-
pirebuli). garda amisa, ar aris aucilebeli, rom yvelaferi, rac kanonie-
ria samoqalaqo sazogadoebis moraluri mxardaWeriT sargeblobdes.
korufcia agreTve SexedulebebTan aris dakavSirebuli. adamianTa
umravlesoba mas araerTgvarovnad aRiqvams. korufcia politikur iaraRa-
dac SeiZleba iyos gamoyenebuli. sazogadoebrivi azriT, misi dagmobis sxva
aspeqts warmoadgens is, rom miuxedavad Camoyalibebuli samarTlebrivi
normebisa, korufciad sxvadasxva qceva aRiqmeba. sazogadoebis mier koruf-
ciis aRqma damokidebulia imaze, Tu ra magaliTebi gaxda misTvis Tvalsa-
Cino. sazogadoebrivi azri arastabiluria da iolad eqceva politikuri ze-
gavlenis qveS. xSir SemTxvevaSi, is aris arasakmarisi kriteriumi, romelic
cvalebad, bundovan da SeiZleba iTqvas, urTierTgamomricxav standartebs
efuZneba, romlebic sazogadoebis sruliad gansxvavebul Sexedulebebs mo-
icavs. miuxedavad amisa, kritika ver Seedreba xarisxobrivi gansxvavebebis
moqnil, alternatiul Sefasebas.
korufciis gansazRvra mxolod sazogadoebriv azrze dayrdnobiT ar Se-
iZleba. sazogadoebis mxridan wayenebuli braldebebi ufro Sors midis,
vidre msxvili gazeTebis mier gazviadebuli eWvebi, winasaarCevno kampania-
Ta ritorika an mxurvale saparlamento debatebi. dagmoba SeiZleba gadai-
zardos sisxlissamarTlebriv devnaSi. korufcia ar SeiZleba iyos gansa-
zRvruli mxolod sazogadoebrivi azris an samarTlis kriteriumebze day-
rdnobiT. warmoadgens ra qcevas gadaxriT, korufcia dakavSirebulia sa-
jaro samsaxuris mareglamentirebeli normebisa da wesebis rRvevasTan,
farTod aRiarebuli arakodificirebuli eTikuri normebis ugulebelyo-
fasTan.
literatura
1. Mény Y., Sousa de L., Corruption: Political and Public Aspects, Encyclopaedia of
Social and Behavioural Sciences. Elsevier Ltd., 2004.
2. Rubington E., Weinberg M. S., Deviance: The Interactionist Perspective. Allyn and
Bacon, 1996.
3. Thio A., Deviant Behavior. HarperCollinsPublishers, 1988.
4. www.transparency.lt
175
tadas tamoSunasi
korufcia, rogorc deviaciis forma
socialuri organizaciis kursis moduli
socialuri organizaciis daniSnulebaa socialuri wesrigisa da uwes-
rigobis Seswavla. aRniSnuli aspeqtebis meSveobiT xdeba socialuri insti-
tutebis, agentebis, struqturebis, socialuri qcevebis da problemebis
Seswavla. aRniSnul kursSi korufcia warmodgenilia, rogorc uwesrigo-
bis gamomwvevi faqtori, deviaciis (dauSvebeli qcevis) forma. misi analizi
xdeba kursSi ukve ganxiluli socialuri organizaciis cnebis safuZvel-
ze. Tema socialur mecnierebaTa fakultetis (upirveles yovlisa, socio-
logiisa da politologiis) studentebisaTvis aris gankuTvnili. leqci-
ebs 6 saaTi eTmoba, damoukidebel samuSaos – 8 saaTi.
integrirebuli kursis miznebi
1. studentebi unda gaecnon korufciis cnebas da mis gamovlinebas so-
cialuri cxovrebis sxvadasxva sferoSi; unda ganixilon igi deviaci-
uri analizis konteqstSi.
2. unda gamoimuSaon korufciis gamovlinebis amocnobis unari da gaaZ-
lieron antikorufciuli qceva.
kursis struqtura
I Tema. korufciis cneba
korufciis gansazRvreba. korufciis tipebi. korufciuli faqtorebi:
saerTaSoriso ekonomikuri globalizacia, privatizacia, sajaro Sesyid-
vebi, RirebulebaTa fardobiToba, politikur partiaTa da kompaniaTa da-
finansebis arasakmarisi gamWvirvaloba, nepotizmis tradicia da sxva. ko-
rufciis aRqmis fardobiToba. korufciis Sefaseba funqciaTa da disfun-
qciaTa aspeqtebisa (`ki~ da àra~ argumentebi) da, agreTve, deviaciis Semad-
geneli nawilebis (qceva, normebi, Semfasebeli) TvalsazrisiT.
II Tema. korufciis gazomvis meTodika da litvaSi arsebuli viTareba

bolo wlebSi Catarebuli sociologiuri kvlevebis Sedegebi da maTSi
momxdari cvlilebebi. korufciisadmi sazogadoebis damokidebulebis wi-
naaRmdegobrioba da araerTgvarovneba. litvaSi arsebuli korufciisadmi
saerTaSoriso organizaciebis damokidebuleba. qveyanaSi korufciis Ziri-
Tadi Sedegebi: investiciebis efeqturobis daqveiTeba, konkurenciis Se-
zRudva, amoRebuli gadasaxadebis Semcireba, saxelmwifo organoebisadmi
ndobis Semcireba da sxva.
III Tema. korufciis prevencia

korufciis prevenciis samarTlebrivi safuZvlebi. korufciis prevenci-
aSi CarTuli ZiriTadi organizaciebi. korufciis prevenciis kompleqsuri
xasiaTi. ekonomikuri TanamSromlobisa da ganviTarebis organizaciis wevr
qveynebsa da litvaSi antikorufciuli iniciativebi. samoqalaqo sazogado-
ebis mniSvneloba. masobrivi informaciis saSualebebi, rogorc koufciis pre-
venciis faqtori. antikorufciuli ganaTlebis gamocdileba da mniSvneloba.
literatura
1. Grosse T. G., Antikorupciniai veiksmai ekonominio bendradarbiavimo ir pletros
organizacijos (OECD) šalyse (1 d.), http://www.stt.lt/lt/.les/antikorup_1_dalis.pdf
2. Grosse T. G., Antikorupciniai veiksmai ekonominio bendradarbiavimo ir pletros
organizacijos (OECD) šalyse (2 d.), http://www.stt.lt/lt/.les/antikorup_2_dalis.pdf
3. Law on Prevention of Corruption of the Republic of Lithuania, http://www.stt.lt/lt/.les/
korupcijos_prevencijos_ist.pdf
danarTi. interaqtuli mecadineoba `korufciis funqciebi da disfunqciebi~

deviaciis formebis analizis procesSi xSirad ganixileba maTi funqciebi
da disfunqciebi. amasTan, pirveli aRiqmeba, rogorc socialuri cxovrebis
dadebiTi movlena, meore ki – rogorc uaryofiTi. funqciebisa da disfunqci-
ebis ganxilva mniSvnelovania korufciis movlenis ganxilvis drosac, vinai-
dan es xels uwyobs mis ukeT Seswavlas, Camoyalibebuli stereotipebis ufro
kritikul Sefasebas, gansakuTrebiT sajaro cxovrebaSi. es aqtiuri mecadi-
neoba gamosadegia modulis pirveli TemisaTvis. misi xangrZlivobaa 45 wuTi.
mecadineobis msvleloba
1. cxaddeba korufciis funqciebisa da disfunqciebis Sesaxeb sadisku-
sio Tema. studentebi jgufebad iyofian (umjobesia jgufebis rao-
denoba luwi iyos), TiToeuli maTgani irCevs Tavmjdomares, romelic
diskusias warmarTavs da mdivans, romelic jgufis Tezisebs afiqsi-
rebs. jgufebs urigdebaT didi formatis furclebi da eZlevaT da-
valeba: jgufis nawilma unda CamoTvalos korufciis funqciebi, xolo
danarCenebi ki asaxeleben mis disfunqciebs da mokle Tezisebis sa-
xiT afiqsireben maT qaRaldze. Caweril TezisTa Soris rCeba adgili
komentarebis gasakeTeblad.
2. 15 wuTis ganmavlobaSi jgufebi msjeloben argumentebis Sesaxeb, we-
ren korufciis funqciebs da disfunqciebs. amis Semdeg, jgufebis war-
momadgenlebi acnoben sxvebs TavianT Tezisebsa da maT damadasture-
bel argumentebs. sxva jgufebi, pedagogis Txovnisda mixedviT, komen-
tarebs ar akeTeben.
3. prezentaciebis Semdeg, korufciis disfunqciebis makomentirebeli
jgufebis furclebs pedagogi im jgufebs gadascems, romlebic ko-
rufciis funqciebs warmoadgendnen, da piriqiT. davaleba Semdegia:
kontrargumentebis formulireba da maTi Camowera arsebuli Tezi-
sebis qveS. muSaobis xangrZlivoba – 15 wuTi.
4. kontrargumentebis wardgena rig-rigobiT xdeba. amjerad diskusia-
Si monawileobs jgufis yvela wevri. muSaobis am etapze sasurvelia
korufciis Sedegebis gamoyofa da modelireba, misi, zogjer uxilavi
gavlenis gansazRvra. SeiZleba iyos moyvanili argumenti (funqcia),
rom korufcia agvarebs biznesTan dakavSirebul pirad saqmeebs. aseT
SemTxvevaSi mniSvnelovania aRniSnuli qcevis arapirdapiri gavleni-
sa da misi Semdgomi zemoqmedebis ganxilva. amisaTvis SeiZleba dais-
vas kiTxva: rogor izrdeba biznesis danaxarjebi am SemTxvevaSi? da
a.S.. diskusiis Sedegi damokidebulia pedagogis winaswar momzadeba-
ze, vinaidan korufciis mxardamWeri da mis winaaRmdeg arsebuli argu-
mentebi winaswar SeiZleba iyos gansazRvruli.
177
vitalia skeruvene
korufcia, rogorc samarTlis obieqti
aRniSnuli sagani samarTlisa da komerciuli samarTlis safuZvlebisa-

gan Sedgeba. is gaTvaliswinebulia studentebisaTvis, romlebic swavlo-
ben iseT specialobebze, rogoricaa: biznes-menejmenti, turizmi da sastum-
ro servisi da sxva. aRniSnul sagans studentebi ori semestris ganmavlo-
baSi swavloben. meoTxe semestris (II kursi) ganmavlobaSi – samarTlis sa-
fuZvlebi, xolo mexuTe semestris (III kursi) ganmavlobaSi – komerciuli
samarTali. moculoba – oTxi krediti, orive semestris ganmavlobaSi – 160
saaTi (leqciebi – 56 saaTi, praqtikuli mecadineobebi – 56 saaTi, damouki-
debeli swavleba – 72 saaTi). mocemuli sagnis kursSi 60 saaTi antikoruf-
ciul aRzrdas eTmoba. programaSi Teoriuli masalis miwodebis garda gaT-
valiswinebulia praqtikuli saqmianobebic.
sagnis mizani da amocanebi

studentebi gaecnon konstitucias, samarTlis Teoriebs, SromiT, samo-
qalaqo, administraciul, litvis respublikis sisxlis samarTlisa da biz-
nesis sferoebSi; CamouyalibdeT logikuri azrovnebis unari; gaecnon lit-
vis antikorufciul politikas.
sagnis swavlebis meTodebi

safuZvels qmnis Semdegi sqema: gamowveva – Sinaarsis realizeba – ref-
leqsia.
Teoriuli leqciebi praqtikul saqmianobasTan aris Sexamebuli. leqci-
ebis mizania Teoriuli codnis gaazreba. imarTeba diskusiebi, rac studen-
tebs ubiZgebs, upasuxon kiTxvebs, gaanalizon da imsjelon problemis ga-
daWris gzebze.
Sefaseba
praqtikuli muSaoba – 10%,
damoukidebeli muSaoba – 20 %,
sakontroloebi – 20%;
gamocda – 50%.
leqcia 1-6. samarTlis Teoria (6 akademiuri saaTi)

Tema 1. `samarTlebrivi wyaroebi da maTi saxeobebi. normatiuli samar-
Tlebrivi aqtebi~ (2 akademiuri saaTi)
miznebi
1. samarTlebrivi wyaroebis gacnoba;
2. normatiuli samarTlebrivi aqtebis gageba, maTi Ziebisa da analizis
warmoeba;
3. studentebSi logikuri azrovnebis ganviTareba
meTodebi
leqcia, wyaroebTan muSaoba, analizi, diskusia
gamowveva
mecadineobis dasawyisSi studentebs usvamen kiTxvas, ra ician maT samar-
Tlebrivi wyaroebisa da maTi gansxvavebebis Sesaxeb. mocemul Temaze imar-
Teba diskusia.
Sinaarsis realizeba
leqciis gegma:
1. ZiriTadi samarTlebrivi wyaroebi samarTlis istoriaSi (samarTleb-
rivi wesi, samarTlebrivi precedenti, normatiuli xelSekrulebebi,
normatiuli samarTlebrivi aqti).
2. normatiuli samarTlebrivi aqtebi.
2.1. kanonmdebloba, konstituciuri da zogadi kanonmdebloba, kano-
nebis miReba (sakanonmdeblo iniciativis wesi; kanonproeqtis gan-
xilva; kanonis miReba da gamoqveyneba).
2.2. kanonqvemdebare samarTlebrivi aqtebi; zogadi kanonqvemdebare
aqtebi, adgilobrivi kanonqvemdebare aqtebi, uwyebrivi kanonqvem-
debare aqtebi, Sidaorganizaciuli kanonqvemdebare aqtebi.
refleqsia
SeiZleba Tu ara samarTlebrivi principebis samarTlebriv wyaroebTan
mikuTvneba? riT gansxvavdeba Zveli da axali redaqciis samarTlebrivi
aqtebi?
studentebma pasuxi unda gascen Semdeg kiTxvebs

1) samarTlis istoriis romel wyaroebs icnobT?
2) riT gansxvavdeba samarTlebrivi aqti normatiuli xelSekrulebi-
sagan?
3) riT gansxvavdeba kanoni kanonqvemdebare aqtisgan?
4) ra etapebi axasiaTebs kanonis miRebis process?
5) rogor xdeba samarTlebrivi aqtebis klasifikacia maTi gamoyenebis
sferoebisa da mimRebi organoebis (subieqtebis) mixedviT?
Tema 2. korufcia da kanonmdebloba (4 saaTi)

damoukidebeli muSaobis miznebi da amocanebi:
1. samarTlis realizebis formebis gacnoba;
2. korufciis prevenciis mareglamentirebeli zomebis samarTlebrivi
wyaroebis gacnoba;
3. korufciis cnebis gansazRvra;
4. studentebSi kritikuli azrovnebis ganviTareba;
meTodebi
diskusia, SedarebiTi analizi, damoukidebeli muSaoba.
gamowveva
SegiZliaT Tu ara erTi sityviT gamoxatoT qvemoT moyvanili citatis
Sinaarsi? `...piris ganzrax qmedeba, romlis meSveobiT, pirdapiri an iribi
formiT xdeba dapireba, SeTavazeba, micema, an ukanono gasamrjelos miReba
piradi an sxva pirebisaTvis garkveuli funqciebis Sesruleba-Seusruleb-
lobisaTvis sargeblis miRebis mizniT~
Sinaarsis realizeba
diskusia – `ra gsmeniaT korufciis Sesaxeb?~ studentebi ecnobian ko-
rufciis prevenciis mareglamentirebel samarTlebriv wyaroebs. esenia,
litvis respublikis sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsi da litvis respublikis ka-
noni korufciis prevenciis Sesaxeb. studentebs eZlevaT davaleba: Seada-
ron korufciis cnebebi.
korufcia (ganmarteba, romelic moyvanilia litvis respublikis `spe-

cialur gamoZiebaTa samsaxuris Sesaxeb~ kanonSi) aris – `politikosis-
Tvis, Tanamdebobis pirisa Tu sajaro moxelisaTvis romelime piris mier
raime saxis ukanono gasamrjelos dapireba, SeTavazeba an micema; agreT-
ve politikosis, Tanamdebobis piris an sajaro moxelis mxridan pirda-
piri an iribi formiT, garkveul funqciaTa Sesruleba-Seusruleblo-
bisaTvis raime saxis gasamrjelos moTxovna misTvis an romelime sxva pi-
risaTvis; aseTi gasamrjelos miReba an mis Sesaxeb SeTavazebis an dapi-
rebis miReba.~
saubari kanonierebis principebis Sesaxeb: kanonis uzenaesoba; kanonis

mTlianoba, kanonierebis sayovelTaoba, samarTlebrivi pasuxismgeblobis
gardauvaloba, kanonierebisa da mizanSewonilobis Sesabamisoba, adamianis
uflebebisa da Tavisuflebebis garantia.
diskusia imarTeba Semdeg sakiTxebze:

ratom aris damtkicebuli samarTlebrivi normebi kanonebsa da kanon-
qvemdebare samarTlebriv atqebSi?
• maTi moTxovnebis realuri ganxorcielebisaTvis;
• imisTvis, rom vicodeT aseTi samarTlebrivi normebis arsebobis
Sesaxeb.
ratom aris saWiro samarTlebrivi normebis dacva?

• raTa ar moxdes samarTlebrivi normebiT dadgenili moTxovnebis
darRveva;
• kanonsawinaaRmdego qmedebis Tavidan asacileblad.
savaldebuloa Tu ara samarTlis aRsruleba?
• SeiZleba Tu ara gadasaxadebisgan Tavis arideba?
• SeiZleba Tu ara avtosatransporto saSualebis arafxizel mdgo-
mareobaSi marTva?
samarTlis gamoyeneba aris:
• normatiuli aqtebiT miniWebuli SesaZleblobis gamoyenebis
ufleba;
• garigebis dadebis SesaZleblobis arCeva.
ras niSnavs samarTlis gamoyeneba:
• samarTlebrivi normebiT dadgenili moTxovnebis ganxorcieleba
kompetenturi saxelmwifo organoebis mier;
• pirTa moqmedeba darRveuli uflebebis dasacavad.
aris Tu ara saxelmwifos mier uflebamosili organo samarTlis gamoye-
nebis subieqti?
• mxolod kompetenturi saxelmwifo organoebi;
• moqalaqeTa uflebebi SezRudulia.
vis da ra safuZvelze SeuZlia Zalis gamoyeneba?
• sasamarTlos;
• prokuraturas;
• policias;
• arbitraJs;
• specialuri uflebamosilebiT aRWurvili mmarTvelobis organoebs;
• moqalaqeebs aseTi ufleba ar gaaCniaT.
aqvT Tu ara moqalaqeebs samarTlis gamoyenebaSi monawileobis miRebis
ufleba, da Tu aqvT, ra gziT?
• mTlianobaSi ar SeiZleba imis mtkiceba, rom moqalaqeebs SeuZli-
aT samarTlis gamoyeneba;
• moqalaqeebis kanonis gamoyenebis ufleba SezRudulia. mowmis sa-
xiT maTi gamosvlis SemTxvevaSi (sasamarTloSi saqmis ganxilvis
dros), danaSaulis damalvisaTvis gaTvaliswinebulia sisxlis sa-
marTlis pasuxismgebloba da a.S.
SeuZliaT Tu ara moqalaqeebs samarTaldarRvevis aRkveTa da ra gziT?
• SeuZliaT gaafrTxilon sxva piri, an SeaCeron is samarTaldarRve-
visas.
• samarTaldarRvevis Sesaxeb miawodon informacia Sesabamis orga-
noebs.
ra mniSvneloba aqvs kanonierebas samarTlebrivi normebis cxovrebaSi
gatarebisaTvis?
• igi samarTlebrivi normebis moTxovnaTa praqtikul realizaciad
aRiqmeba.
• is aRiqmeba, rogorc saerTo samarTlebrivi principi, romelic gu-
lisxmobs samarTlis yvela subieqtisadmi moTxovnas samarTleb-
rivi normebis aucilebeli Sesrulebis Sesaxeb.
romel dokumentebSi gvxvdeba Semdegi cnebebi: meqrTameoba, korufcia,

biurokratizmi, Tanamdebobis borotad gamoyeneba, mosyidva?
• litvis sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsSi;
• litvis respublikis korufciis Sesaxeb kanonSi;
• litvis respublikis kanonSi sajaro samsaxuris Sesaxeb;
• litvis respublikis kanonSi operatiuli saqmianobis Sesaxeb.
rogoria kanonierebisadmi ZiriTadi moTxovnebi?
• is aucilebeli unda iyos ara marto rigiTi moqalaqeebisa da orga-
nizaciebisaTvis, aramed, gansakuTrebiT, saxelmwifoebrivi orga-
noebisaTvis da Tanamdebobis pirebisaTvis.
• kanonierebis principebis xorcSesxma: kanonis winaSe Tanasworoba,
kanonierebis sayovelTaoba, kanonis uzenaesoba, samarTlebrivi pa-
suxismgeblobis gardauvaloba.
refleqsia
sufevs Tu ara Cvens qveyanaSi korufcia? SegviZlia Tu ara Cven, am qvey-
nis moqalaqeebs, korufciasTan brZola, da Tu SegviZlia, ra gziT?
daskvnebi
korufcia aris saxelmwifo Zalauflebis borotad gamoyeneba piradi
sargeblis miRebis mizniT.
samarTliT sargebloba – es aris aqtiuri qmedebebi, romelTa meSveobiT
xdeba miniWebuli samarTlebrivi SesaZleblobebis gatareba.
samarTlis realizacia – es aris samarTlebrivi normebis, dadgenili mo-
Txovnebisa da SesaZleblobebis gatareba samarTlebrivi subieqtebis praq-
tikul saqmianobaSi (saxelmwifo organoebis, arasamTavrobo organizacie-
bis, Tanamdebobis pirebis, moqalaqeebis). mxolod amgvaradaa SesaZlebeli
samarTlebrivi normebis miznebis miRweva, samarTlebrivi regulirebis qme-
diTobis uzrunvelyofa.
samarTlis dacva – es aris samarTlebrivi normebiT akrZaluli qmedebe-
bisagan Tavis arideba.
samarTlis gamoyeneba – es aris samarTlis realizaciis gansakuTrebu-
li forma, rodesac kompetenturi saxelmwifo organoebi uzrunvelyofen
samarTlebrivi normebiT dadgenili moTxovnebis Sesrulebas samarTleb-
rivi normebis maregulirebeli individualuri aqtebis miRebis meSveobiT.
samarTlis ganxorcieleba – es aris qmedebebi, romelTa Sesrulebas sa-
marTlebrivi normebi moiTxovs. mniSvnelovania, rom kanonierebis princi-
pi iyos daculi, ara marto rigiTi moqalaqeebisa da organizaciebis, ara-
med saxelmwifo organoebisa da Tanamdebobis pirebis mier. aseT princip-
Tan SeusabamobaSia saxelmwifo Tanamdebobis pirTa iseTi qmedebebi, rogo-
ricaa meqrTameoba, mosyidva, Tanamdebobis borotad gamoyeneba da a.S., rad-
gan isini mniSvnelovnad asusteben saxelmwifo organoebis avtoritets.
leqcia 7-34. sakonstitucio samarTali (28 akademiuri saaTi)
Tema 1. àdamianis ZiriTadi uflebebi, Tavisuflebebi da valdebule-

bebi~ (2 akademiuri saaTi)
leqciis mizani da amocanebi:
1. sakonstitucio samarTlis normebis gacnoba da maTi gaanalizeba;
2. adamianis konstituciuri uflebebis, Tavisuflebebisa da valdebu-
lebebis gacnoba;
3. studentebSi samoqalaqo cnobierebis Camoyalibeba.
meTodebi
diskusia, jgufuri muSaoba.
gamowveva
diskusia Temaze – `ra iciT adamianis uflebebis, Tavisuflebebisa da
valdebulebebis Sesaxeb?~
`Ria da harmoniuli sazogadoebisa da samarTlebrivi saxelmwifos Ca-
moyalibebis procesSi samarTali sul ufro mniSvnelovan socialur fase-
ulobad iqceva. meore mxriv, adamianis Tavisuflebis done damokidebulia
imaze, Tu ramdenad icnobs is saxelmwifos konstitucias, mis kanonmdeblo-
basa da sxva samarTlebriv aqtebs. ramdenad acnobierebs is maTi dacvis au-
cileblobas~.
Sinaarsis realizeba
jgufuri muSaoba. masalis gacnoba da Semdeg Temebze diskusiisaTvis
momzadeba:
1. adamianis uflebebi litvis respublikis konstituciaSi;
2. adamianis uflebebi da Tavisuflebebi;
3. politikuri uflebebi da Tavisuflebebi;
4. socialur-ekonomikuri uflebebi;
5. pirovnebis valdebulebebi.
mniSvnelovania vicodeT
litvis respublikis konstituciis 28 muxlSi formulirebulia Semde-
gi zogadi principebi: uflebebis gamoyenebis dros adamianma unda daicvas
konstitucia da kanonmdebloba, ar Selaxos sxva adamianis uflebebi da Ta-
visuflebebi. sakonstitucio sasamarTlos 2002 wlis 8 maisis dadgenile-
baSi aRniSnulia, rom `konstituciis mocemuli muxliT dadgenilia erT-
erTi fuZemdebluri principi, romelic gulisxmobs, rom adamianis kanoni-
eri qmedeba ar aris SezRuduli da absoluturad Tavisufalia. adamiani,
rogorc socialuri arseba, cxovrobs sazogadoebaSi, Tanaswori uflebe-
bis mqone adamianTa garemocvaSi. yvela adamians aqvs valdebulebebi im sa-
zogadoebis winaSe, romelSic SesaZlebelia misi Tavisufali da sruli gan-
viTareba. am valdebulebaTa Soris mTavaria, ar SezRudo sxvisi uflebebi
da Tavisuflebebi.~
refleqsia
irRveva Tu ara Cveni uflebebi da Tavisuflebebi?
saSinao davaleba
1. gaecaniT bavSvTa uflebebis Sesaxeb gaeros konvencias.
2. gaecaniT litvis respublikis kanons bavSvTa uflebebis dacvis safuZ-
vlebis Sesaxeb.
Tema 2. àdamianis uflebebisa da Tavisuflebebis dacvis samarTlebri-

vi garantiebi~ (2 akademiuri saaTi)
leqciis miznebi da amocanebi:
1. sakonstitucio samarTlis normebis gacnoba da maTi analizi;
2. informaciis miReba im kompetenturi saxelmwifo organoebis Sesaxeb,
romlebsac SeiZleba mivmarToT sakuTari uflebebis dasacavad.
3. studentebis mier maTi uflebebis dacvisa da nakisri valdebulebe-
bis Sesrulebis gaanalizeba.
meTodebi
diskusia, analizi, jgufuri muSaoba.
gamowveva
diskusia Temaze:
1. litvaSi bavSvTa uflebebis darRvevis ra SemTxvevebs icnobT?
2. irRveva Tu ara litvaSi adamianis uflebebi?
Sinaarsis realizeba
litvis respublikis bavSvTa uflebebis dacvis Sesaxeb kanonSi moyvani-
li adamianis ZiriTadi uflebebisa da Tavisuflebebis ganxilva: `... sico-
cxlis ufleba, janmrTelobis ufleba, individualobisa da misi SenarCu-
nebis ufleba, piradi cxovrebis ufleba, bavSvis qonebrivi uflebebi, xel-
Seuxeblobisa da Tavisuflebis ufleba, sacxovreblis ufleba, ganaTle-
bis ufleba~ da a. S.
jgufuri muSaoba. studentebi or jgufad iyofian.

erTi jgufi kiTxulobs litvis respublikis konstitucias da aRniSnavs
adamianis uflebebis Sesaxeb Sesabamis muxlebs:
• konstituciaze dayrdnobiT, yvelas aqvs sakuTari uflebebis dacvis
ufleba (muxli 6.).
• saxelisuflebo organoebi emsaxurebian adamianebs (muxli 5).
• pirs, romlis konstituciuri uflebebi irRveva, ufleba aqvs mimar-
Tos sasamarTlos. kanoniT gaTvaliswinebulia materialuri da mora-
luri zaralis anazRaureba.
• pirs aqvs dacvis ufleba.
• sajaro moxeleebis mxridan biurokratizmisa da Tanamdebobis boro-
tad gamoyenebis faqtebze moqalaqeTa saCivrebi ganixileba seimis kon-
troliorebis mier.
meore jgufi ecnoba litvis respublikis kanons peticiebis Sesaxeb

(1999 w.) da litvis respublikis kanons saxelmwifo organoebis ukanono
qmedebebiT miyenebuli zaralis anazRaurebis Sesaxeb (2002 w.).
mniSvnelovania vicodeT
2002 wels miRebulia litvis respublikis kanoni saxelmwifos mier ga-
rantirebuli samarTlebrivi daxmarebis Sesaxeb. pirs, romelsac ara aqvs
saxsrebi, raTa miiRos saTanado samarTlebrivi daxmareba samoqalaqo da
sisxlis samarTlis saqmeebSi da ar SeuZlia mimarTos sasamarTlos Tavisi
uflebebis darRvevis SemTxvevaSi, SeuZlia isargeblos am kanoniT.
refleqsia
SemiZlia Tu ara damoukideblad davicva Cemi uflebebi da rogor gava-
keTo es?
saSinao davaleba
Tavisufali kiTxva:
1. litvis respublikis konstitucia
2. adamianis ZiriTadi uflebebis evropuli konvencia
Tema 3. saxelmwifo mmarTvelobis sistema (2 akademiuri saaTi).

1. saxelmwifo mmarTvelobis sistemis gacnoba.
2. litvis respublikis seimis konstituciuri statusis, qveynis prezi-
dentis, respublikis xelisuflebisa da sasamarTloebis kompetenci-
ebis gacnoba.
3. studentebSi samoqalaqo cnobierebis Camoyalibeba.
meTodebi
aqtiuri leqcia, diskusia.
gamowveva
azrTa gaziareba Temaze, risi Secvla SeuZlia litvis respublikis pre-
zidents, rogorc saxelmwifo meTaurs, qveyanaSi?
Sinaarsis realizeba
leqcia mimdinareobs Semdegi gegmis mixedviT:
1. xelisuflebis gadanawilebis principi (litvis konstituciis muxli 25.).
2. seimi.
2.1. litvis respublikis konstituciuri statusi (muxl. 55, 64, 67).
2.2. litvis respublikis seimis struqtura.
3. litvis respublikis prezidenti.
3.1. prezidenti – saxelmwifos meTauri (muxl. 77);
3.2. litvis respublikis prezidentis arCevnebi da misi uflebamosi-
lebis vada;
3.3. litvis respublikis kompetenciebi.
4. litvis respublikis mTavroba.
4.1. litvis respublikis mTavrobis formireba da Semadgenloba.
4.2. litvis respublikis mTavrobis kompetencia.
4.3. litvis respublikis mTavrobis uflebamosilebis aRdgena da ga-

dayeneba.
5. sasamarTloebi. litvis respublikis sakonstituciuri sasamarTlo.
refleqsia
zogierTi partia gvTavazobs garkveuli Sesworebebi SevitanoT litvis
respublikis konstituciaSi da gavzardos prezidentis uflebamosileba-
ni. rogor fiqrobT, aris es saWiro? ra uflebebi unda gavzardoT? ergeba
Tu ara litvas xelisuflebis gadanawilebis principi?
daskvna
saxelmwifo organoebis struqtura da saqmianoba garkveul princips
eyrdnoba – es aris saxelmwifo aparatis Seqmnis idea. es principebi – saja-
rooba da gamWvirvaloba, mosaxleobis interesebis dacva, profesionaliz-
mi, kompetenturoba, kanoniereba, Zalauflebis gadanawileba – mniSvnelo-
bas socialur konteqstSi iZens.
saSinao davaleba
moiZieT da waikiTxeT litvis respublikis kanoni sasamarTloebis Sesaxeb.
Tema 4. `sasamarTlo sistema litvaSi. samarTaldamcavi organoebi~

(2 akademiuri saaTi)
1. sasamarTlo sistemis da sasamarTloebis kompetenciis gacnoba.
2. samarTaldamcavi organoebis da maTi kompetenciis gacnoba.
3. studentebSi analizis unaris ganviTareba.
gamowveva
waikiTxeT davaleba da upasuxeT kiTxvas:
òri studenti diliT sakuTari avtomobiliT leqciaze miiCqaroda. isi-
ni sagzao policiis TanamSromlebma gaaCeres da siCqaris gadaWarbebaSi
daadanaSaules, Tumca studentebs siCqarisTvis ar gadauWarbebiaT. vi-
naidan axalgazrdebi aucileblad unda daswrebodnen leqciebs, maT po-
licielebs 20 liti misces da aRSfoTebulebi gaemarTnen universite-
tisaken. visTan an sad SeuZliaT studentebs Tanamdebobis piris ukano-
no qmedebis gasaCivreba?~
Sinaarsis realizeba
jgufuri muSaoba
I jgufi kiTxulobs litvis respublikis konstitucias da emzadeba imis
gansaxilvelad, ra gaiges axali litvis sasamarTlo sistemis da sasamar-
Tloebis kompetenciis Sesaxeb.
• pirveli instanciis sasamarTloebi.
• saolqo sasamarTloebi.
• litvis respublikis saapelacio sasamarTlo.
• litvis respublikis uzenaesi sasamarTlo.
• administraciuli sasamarTloebi.
II jgufi kiTxulobs Sesabamis kanonebs da emzadeba Semdegi sakiTxebis

gansaxilvelad:
• litvis respublikis prokuratura da misi ZiriTadi funqciebi.
• litvis respublikis policia.
daskvna
sasamarTlo sistema qmnis imis SesaZleblobas, rom xorci Seesxas lit-
vis respublikis moqalaqeebis konstitucuri uflebis dacvas – sasamar-
Tlos gziT daicvan im uflebebisa da Tavisuflebebis xelyofa, romlebic
dakanonebulia konstituciiT, kanonmdeblobiT da SeTanxmebebiT. konsti-
tuciis Tanaxmad, pirovnebas ufleba aqvs, misi saqme samarTlianad iqnas gan-
xiluli damoukidebeli da miukerZoebeli sasamarTlos mier. sasamarTlo
mTeli Tavisi saqmianobiT, samarTlianobis dacviT, sajarod da umokles
vadebSi ganxilvis garanti unda iyos.
refleqsia
namuSevrebis prezentacia.
praqtikuli samuSao
studentebi weren referatebs (5-7 gverdi) miTiTebul Temebze da pre-
zentaciebisaTvis emzadebian.
Tema 5. `socialur-ekonomikuri uflebebi~ (2 akademiuri saaTi)

praqtikuli samuSaos miznebi
1. im samarTlebrivi aqtebis codna, romlebic aregulireben socialur
dacvas.
2. sxvadasxva wyaroebze muSaobis unaris ganviTareba.
3. prezentaciis unaris ganviTareba.
leqciis msvleloba
studentebi weren referats gansaxilvel Temaze da emzadebian prezen-
taciebisaTvis.
gegma:
1. Sromis ufleba litvis respublikis konstituciasa da Sromis saer-
TaSoriso organizaciis konvenciebSi.
2. ufleba socialur dacvaze.
2.1. socialuri dacva da evropis socialuri qartia.
2.2. samarTlebrivi aqtebi, romlebic aregulirebs socialur dacvas.
3. kulturuli uflebebi.
3.1. ganaTlebis ufleba.
3.2. im pirTa uflebebis dacva, romlebic erovnul umciresobebs mie-
kuTvnebian.
diskusia – `namdvilad aris Tu ara daculi litvis respublikis konsti-
tuciis principi, romelic uzrunvelyofs im moqalaqeTa ufaso ganaTle-
bis uflebas, romlebic swavloben umaRles saswavleblebSi da kargi miR-
wevebi aqvT?~
namuSevris wardgena maswavleblis mier dasmuli SekiTxvebis mixedviT.
daskvna
socialuri dacva – es aris saxelmwifos mier dadgenili socialur-eko-
nomikuri RonisZiebebis erToblioba, mosaxleobisaTvis fuladi daxmare-
bis gawevis, SeRavaTebis, socialuri momsaxurebis gaweva specializirebu-
li sazogadoebrivi fondebidan.
Sromis ufleba sxvadasxva aspeqtebSi reglamentirebulia Sromis saer-
TaSoriso organizaciis konvenciebiT. evropis Secvlil socialur qarti-
aSi formulirebulia erT-erTi ZiriTadi principi: yovel adamians unda
hqondes SesaZlebloba, moipovos arsebobisaTvis saWiro saxsrebi im saxis
SromiT, romelsac TviTon amoirCevs.
socialur daxmarebaSi igulisxmeba RonisZiebaTa kompleqsi, romelic
aerTianebs socialur momsaxurebebs da fulad daxmarebas. socialuri mom-
saxurebebis ZiriTad mizans warmoadgens pirovnebis saarsebo moTxovnile-
bebis dakmayofileba da adamianuri Rirsebis Sesabamisi sasicocxlo piro-
bebis Seqmna, roca mas TviTon ar SeuZlia amis gakeTeba.
literatura
1. Birmontiene T., Jarašiunas E., Kuris E. ir kt., Lietuvos konstitucine teise. Vilnius, 2002.
2. Čiočys P., Teises pagrindai. Vilnius, 2002.
3. litvis respublikis kanoni umaRlesi ganaTlebis Sesaxeb (2002 w.).
4. litvis respublikis konstitucia, Ses., 1992, # 33-1014.
Tema 6. `politikuri uflebebi da Tavisuflebebi~ (2 akademiuri saaTi)

1. Sesabamisi samarTlebrivi wyaroebis moZieba.
2. im samarTlebrivi aqtebis gacnoba, romlebic aregulirebs politi-
kur uflebebs da Tavisuflebebs.
3. samoqalaqo cnobierebis Camoyalibeba.
leqciis msvleloba
studentebi weren referats warmodgenili gegmis mixedviT da emzade-
bian mis warsadgenad:
1. sakuTari qveynis marTvaSi monawileobis miRebis ufleba.
2. saxelmwifo dawesebulebebis da Tanamdebobis pirebis muSaobis kri-
tikis, maTi gadawyvetilebebis gasaCivrebis ufleba.
3. mSvidobiani Sekrebebis ufleba.
4. gaerTianebebSi, politikur partiebSi an asociaciebSi Tavisufali ga-
wevrianebis ufleba.
diskusia – `gvaqvs Tu ara ufleba, monawileoba miviRoT sakuTari qvey-
nis marTvaSi?~
namuSevris wardgena maswavleblis mier dasmuli SekiTxvebis mixedviT.
daskvnebi
politikur uflebebs SeiZleba miekuTvnos litvis respublikis konsti-
tuciaSi deklarirebuli ufleba, pirdapir an demokratiuli gziT arCeuli
warmomadgenlebis saSualebiT monawileoba miviRoT sakuTari qveynis mar-
TvaSi. igi Tavis TavSi moicavs arCevnebSi monawileobis, referendumis ini-
cirebis, samoqalaqo sakanonmdeblo iniciativis, peticiis, saxelmwifo da-

wesebulebebis da Tanamdebobis pirebis muSaobis kritikis, maTi gadawyveti-
lebebis gasaCivrebis uflebebs. politikur uflebebs aseve miekuTvneba po-
litikur partiebSi gawevrianebis, da saxelmifo samsaxurze Tanaswori xel-
misawvdomobis ufleba (ix. litvis respublikis konstituciis naw.1, mux. 33).
literatura
2. litvis respublikis kanoni administraciuli saqmianobis
samarTalwarmoebis Sesaxeb, Ses., 2000.
3. litvis respublikis konstitucia, Ses.,, 1992, # 33-1014.
4. litvis respublikis kanoni peticiis Sesaxeb, Ses., 1999.
5. litvis respublikis kanoni Sekrebebis Sesaxeb, Ses., 1993.
Tema 7. `saxelmwifo kontrolis konstituciuri statusi. seimis makon-

troleblebi~ (4 akademiuri saaTi)
2. saxelmwifo kontrolis da seimis makontroleblebis uflebamosile-
bebis gacnoba.
3. kritikuli azrovnebis ganviTareba.
leqciis msvleloba
studentebi weren referats: `saxelmwifo kontrolis konstituciuri
statusi. seimis makontroleblebi~.
diskusia iwyeba kiTxviT – iTvleba Tu ara seimis makontroleblebis mu-
Saoba sasargeblod da saWirod qveynis moqalaqeebisaTvis?
naSromis prezentacia Semdegi sakiTxebis gaTvaliswinebiT xdeba:
1. saxelmwifo kontrolis sistema da misi damtkiceba.
2. saxelmwifo kontrolis ZiriTadi miznebi.
3. seimis makontroleblebis ufleba-mosilebebi.
daskvnebi
rogorc litvis respublikis saxelmwifo kontrolis Sesaxeb kanoniT
aris dadgenili – `litvis respublikis saxelmwifo kontroli warmoadgens
ekonomikuri, finansuri kontrolis uzenaes organos, romelic angariSval-
debulia litvis respublikis seimis winaSe, romelic iZiebs, Tu ramdenad
kanonierad imarTeba da gamoiyeneba saxelmwifo qoneba, rogor sruldeba
saxelmwifo biujeti. saxelmwifo kontroli warmoadgens iuridiul pirs,
romelsac aqvs saangariSsworebo angariSi litvis bankSi da beWedi litvis
saxelmwifos gerbiTa da dasaxelebiT `litvis respublika. saxelmwifo kon-
troli~ (mux. 2).
saxelmwifo kontroli Tavis saqmianobaSi xelmZRvanelobs litvis res-
publikis konstituciiT, kanonmdeblobiT, litvis respublikis saerTa-
Soriso xelSekrulebebiT da SeTanxmebebiT, sxva samarTlebrivi aqtebiT
(gv. 3).
konstituciiT agreTve damtkicebulia seimis makontroleblebi –

ombudsmenebis organo, romlis ZiriTadi mizania moqalaqeTa saCivrebis gan-
xilva saxelmwifo da TviTmmarTvelobis moxeleebis mier Tanamdebobis bo-
rotad gamoyenebisa da biurokratizmis Sesaxeb. seimis makontroleblebis
kompetenciaSi ar Sedis respublikis prezidentis, seimis, sakonstitucio
sasamarTlos da sxva sasamarTloebis wevrebis, premier-ministris, saxel-
mwifo kontrolis da mTavrobis, adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis sabWoe-
bis saqmianobis, agreTve prokurorebis, gamomZieblebis, momkvlevebis ga-
dawyvetilebebis kanonierebis da procesualuri saqmianobis safuZvliano-
bis ganxilva.
seimis makontroleblebis Sesaxeb litvis respublikis kanoniT dadge-
nilia:
1. yovel moqalaqes ufleba aqvs Seitanos seimis makontrolebelTan sa-
Civari saxelmwifo an TviTmmarTvelobis organos Tanamdebobis piris
mxridan Tanamdebobis borotad gamoyenebis an biurokratizmis gamov-
linebis Taobaze, romelic Sedis makontroleblis kompetenciaSi.
2. seimis makontrolebeli agreTve ganixilavs seimis wevrebis mier mis-
Tvis gadacemul litvis respublikis moqalaqeTa saCivrebs, romle-
bic Seesabameba am kanonis moTxovnebs. mas agreTve SeuZlia ganixilos
ucxo qveynebis moqalaqeebis an moqalaqeobis armqone pirebis saCiv-
rebi (mux. 15).
seimis makontroleblebis Sesaxeb litvis respublikis kanonidan cxadad
Cans, rom rigiT moqalaqes SeuZlia saCivari Seitanos Tanamdebobis piris
mxridan Tanamdebobis borotad gamoyenebis Sesaxeb da xsenebuli organos
TanamSromlebis daxmarebiT daicvas sakuTari interesebi.
literatura
4. litvis respublikis kanoni seimis kontroliorebis Sesaxeb (2002 w.).
5. litvis respublikis kanoni saxelmwifos kontrolis Sesaxeb.
Tema 8. àdgilobrivi TviTmmarTveloba da mmarTveloba~ (2 akademiuri

saaTi)
2. adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis organoebis da maTi kompetenciis
gacnoba.
leqciis msvleloba
studentebi weren referats maswavleblis mier SeTavazebuli sakiTxe-
bis mixedviT da emzadebian prezentaciisTvis.
1. adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis cneba da samarTlebrivi regulireba.
2. TviTmmarTvelobis principebi.
3. TviTmmarTvelobis organoebi da maTi kompetencia.
4. TviTmmarTvelobis ekonomikuri safuZveli.

5. TviTmmarTvelobis saqmianobis samarTlebrivi garantiebi.
Tavdapirvelad, studentebma Semdeg SekiTxvaze unda gascen pasuxi – yo-
fila Tu ara SemTxveva, roca studentebs an maT axloblebs miumarTavT
TviTmmarTvelobis organoebisTvis raime sakiTxis Sesaxeb da hqoniaT Tu
ara imedgacrueba TviTmmarTvelobis TanamSromlebis muSaobis gamo.
namuSevris prezentacia maswavleblis mier dasmuli SekiTxvebis mixedviT.
daskvnebi
TviTmmarTvelobis organoebis sturqtura da saqmianoba demokratiu-
li wyobis safuZvels warmoadgens. misi samarTlebrivi safuZvelia saxel-
mwifo kanonmdebloba, TviTmmarTvelobis saqmianobis reglamentebi da sxva
samarTlebrivi aqtebi. TviTmmarTvelobis urTierTobebis ZiriTadi prin-
cipebi regulirdeba adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis evropuli qartiiT.
moqalaqeTa ufleba, monawileoba miiRon sajaro saqmeebis marTvaSi, demok-
ratiis erT-erT principad iTvleba. amitom, adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelo-
bis evropuli qartiiT gaTvaliswinebulia, rom adgilobrivi TviTmmarTve-
lobis principi aRiarebuli unda iyos qveynis Sida kanonmdeblobiT, xolo
sadac saWiroa – konstituciiTac.
literatura
4. litvis respublikis kanoni adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobebis
Sesaxeb, Ses., 2000, # 91-2832.
Tema 9. ùflebebi, valdebulebebi da maTi dacvis meTodebi~ (6 akade-

miuri saaTi)
miznebi da amocanebi:
1. konstituciuri samarTlis normebis gacnoba da maTi analizis una-
ris ganviTareba.
2. imisi codna, Tu romel kompetentur saxelmwifo organoebs unda miv-
marToT sakuTari Selaxuli uflebebis dasacavad.
3. movuwodoT studentebs, analizi gaukeTon sakiTxs, irRveva Tu ara
maTi uflebebi da asruleben Tu ara isini TavianT movaleobebs.
4. studentebSi moqalaqeobrivi cnobierebis Camoyalibeba.
gamowveva
gonebrivi ieriSi – `darRveula Tu ara odesme Tqveni konstituciuri
uflebebi? Tu darRveula, romeli?~
Sinaarsis realizeba
studentebi weren referatebs miTiTebul Temebze da emzadebian prezen-
taciisaTvis:
1. socialur-ekonomikuri uflebebi.
2. politikuri uflebebi da Tavisuflebebi.
3. saxelmwifo kontrolis konstituciuri statusi. seimis makontro-

leblebi.
4. adgilobrivi TviTmmarTveloba da mmarTveloba.
refleqsia
SevZlebT, rom momavalSi davicvaT Cveni uflebebi?
Tema 10. `konstituciuri samarTali~ (2 akademiuri saaTi)

leqciis miznebi da amocanebi
1. litvis respublikis konstituciis gacnoba.
2. analizis da Sefasebis unaris ganviTareba.
gamowveva
gonebrivi ieriSi – `yvelasTvis savaldebuloa Tu ara konstituciis de-
bulebebi?~
Sinaarsis realizeba
diskusia Semdeg sakiTxebze:
1. adamianis ZiriTadi uflebebi, Tavisuflebebi da movaleobebi lit-
vis respublikis konstituciaSi.
2. adamianis uflebebis da Tavisuflebebis dacvis samarTlebrivi garan-
tiebi.
3. evropis adamianis uflebaTa konvenciis ZiriTadi debulebebi.
4. xelisuflebis dayofis principebi.
5. sasamarTlo sistema litvaSi.
6. samarTaldamcavi organoebi.
refleqsia
jgufuri muSaoba
1. isurvebdiT Tu ara, rom konstituciaSi Sevides cvlilebebi an dama-
tebebi?
2. rogor unda moviqce: rogorc moqalaqe Tu rogorc Tavisufali ada-
miani?
3. SeuZlia Tu ara aqtiur samoqalaqo sazogadoebas raimes Secvla?
leqcia 35-44. administraciuli samarTali (10 akademiuri saaTi)

Tema 1. àdministraciuli samarTali~ (2 akademiuri saaTi)
1. administraciuli samarTlis cnebis da misi wyaroebis gacnoba.
2. sajaro marTvis koncefciis da sajaro marTvis organoebis sistemis
gacnoba.
3. administraciuli samarTliT da samarTlis sxva dargebiT regulire-
bad samarTlebriv urTierTobebs Soris gansxvavebis povna.
4. problemis gadaWris unaris ganviTareba.
gamowveva
gonebrivi ieriSi – `ratom ar unda bevr students universitetSi Seis-
wavlos sajaro administrireba? sad SeiZleba imuSaon maT am specialobis
Seswavlis SemTxvevaSi? riT gansxvavdeba sajaro marTva sajaro administri-
rebisgan?~
Sinaarsis realizeba
aqtiuri leqcia Semdegi gegmis mixedviT:
1. administraciuli samarTlis cneba.
2. sajaro marTvis cneba.
3. sajaro administrirebis organoebis sistema.
4. saxelmwifo samsaxuri.
eZlevaT davaleba, waikiTxon litvis respublikis kanoni saxelmwifo sam-
saxuris Sesaxeb da gaecnon saxelmwifo samsaxuris da saxelmwifo moxelis
cnebebs. studentebma unda icodnen, ra saxiT nawildeba saxelmwifo moxe-
leTa Tanamdebobebi.
refleqsia
davaleba:
1. administraciuli samarTlis da samarTlis sxva sferoebis gamijvna.
2. aris Tu ara korufcia sajaro marTvis sferoSi?
mniSvnelovania icodeT:
administraciuli samarTali – aris samarTlis sfero, romlis normebi-
Tac regulirdeba is sazogadoebrivi urTierTobebi, romlebic sajaro mar-
TvaSi warmoiSveba.
sajaro marTva – marTvis garkveuli organoebis saqmianobaa, romelic
moicavs sazogadoebrivi cxovrebis yvela umniSvnelovanes sferos, marTvis
sferoSi moqalaqeebis kuTvnili uflebebis, Tavisuflebebis da valdebu-
lebebis Sesrulebis uzrunvelyofas.
sajaro marTvis organoebi – mTavroba, saministroebi, saxelmwifo da-
wesebulebebi, TviTmmarTvelobis organoebi da sxv.
sajaro marTvis organoebis umniSvnelovanesi daniSnulebaa, kanonebis
da saxelmwifo marTvis organoebis mier miRebuli sxva aqtebis cxovrebaSi
gatareba da maTi Sesrulebis organizeba.
Tema 2. àdministraciuli pasuxismgebloba~ (4 akademiuri saaTi)

1. administraciul pasuxismgeblobaze gadacemis safuZvlebis gacnoba.
2. imisi codna, romel Tanamdebobis pirebs SeuZliaT ganixilon saqmee-
bi administraciuli samarTaldarRvevebis Sesaxeb.
3. studentebs gamoumuSavdeT analizis da Sefasebis unari.
gamowveva
diskusia – `kanonis arcodna ar aTavisuflebs pirovnebas pasuxismgeb-
lobisgan~.
Sinaarsis realizeba
leqcia Semdegi gegmis mixedviT:
1. administraciuli pasuxismgeblobis cneba, safuZveli da Tavisebure-
bebi.
2. administraciuli samarlis darRvevis subieqti.
3. administraciuli sasjelis saxeebi da daniSnuleba.
4. adminstraciuli samarTaldarRvevebis klasifikacia.
5. Tanamdebobis pirebi, romlebsac ufleba aqvT ganixilon saqmeebi
adminstraciuli samarTaldarRvevebis Sesaxeb.
refleqsia
riT gansxvavdeba adminstraciuli pasuxismgebloba sisxlis samarTlis
pasuxismgeblobisgan?
studentebi Semdeg SekiTxvebs pasuxoben:
1. rodis warmoiqmneba adminstraciuli pasuxismgebloba?
2. vin aris pasuxismgebeli administraciul samarTaldarRvevaze?
3. rogori administraciuli sasjelebi arsebobs?
4. romel Tanamdebobis pirebs SeuZliaT ganixilon saqmeebi adminstra-
ciuli samarTaldarRvevebis Sesaxeb?
daskvna
adminstraciuli pasuxismgebloba – samarTlebrivi pasuxismgeblobis
saxe, romelic warmoiqmneba administraciuli samarTaldarRvevis SemTxve-
vaSi. damnaSave pirs administraciul saxdels akisreben kanonmdeblobiT
uflebamosili saxelmwifo organoebi (Tanamdebobis pirebi) da sasamarTlo,
Sesabamisi administraciuli saxdelis saSualebiT (gafrTxileba, jarima,
specialuri uflebebis CamorTmeva da a.S.).
adminstraciuli pasuxismgeblobis subieqti SeiZleba iyos Seracxadi fi-
zikuri piri (moqalaqe, Tanamdebobis piri), romelsac administraciuli sa-
marTaldarRvevis momentisaTvis Seusrulda 16 weli. arasrulwlovanis
mier kanonis normis darRvevis SemTxvevaSi administraciuli saxdeli dae-
kisreba mis mSoblebs an maT Semcvlel pirebs.
administraciuli korufcia – aris arsebuli kanonebis, wesebisa da de-
bulebebis ganzrax damaxinjeba aRsrulebis procesSi, roca saxelmwifo
moxeleebi ukanono gziT iReben pirad sargebels. korufciis mocemuli sa-
xeobis erT-erT ZiriTad mizezs warmoadgens saxelmwifo moxeleebis ufle-
bamosileba, romelic saSualebas iZleva sakuTari mosazrebis mixedviT war-
moadginon garkveuli privilegiebi, daadginon prioritetebi sajaro mom-
saxurebis sferoSi an gadawyviton vis mimarT SeiZleba iqnas gamoyenebuli
wesebi da debulebebi da visTvis daiSvas gamonaklisebi. umaRlesi donis sa-
xelmwifo moxeleebs, borotad iyeneben ra dakavebul Tanamdebobas, SeuZ-
liaT Seqmnan normatiuli aqtebi, romlebic arasworad axorcieleben sa-
xelmwifo politikas im mizniT, rom gaaumjobeson sakuTari an axloblebis
finansuri mdgomareba.
Tema 3. àdministraciuli samarTaldarRvevebi, romlebic safrTxes

uqmnian mmarTvelobis wesis dadgenas~ (2 akademiuri saaTi)
1. administraciuli samarTaldarRvevebis gacnoba, romlebic safrTxes
uqmnian mmarTvelobis wesis dadgenas.
2. studentebSi problemis gadaWris unarebis gamomuSaveba.
gamowveva
diskusia – `seimis makontroleblebi ganixilaven moqalaqeTa saCivrebs
saxelmwifo da TviTmmarTvelobis organoebis warmomadgenlebis mxridan
Tanamdebobis borotad gamoyenebis da biurokratizmis Sesaxeb.~
Sinaarsis realizeba
jgufebSi muSaoba. studentebi emzadebian diskusiisaTvis Semdeg saki-
Txebze:
1. seimis makontroleblis moTxovnebis Seusrulebloba.
2. qalTa da mamakacTa Tanabari uflebebis sakiTxebze momuSave makon-
trolebelTa samsaxuris Tanamdebobis piris moTxovnebis Seusruleb-
loba.
3. TviTneboba.
4. saxelmwifo kontrolis Tanamdebobis pirisTvis xelis SeSla.
5. TviTmmarTvelobis makontroleblisaTvis xelis SeSla.
6. kerZo dokumentebis ukanono gaformeba.
7. xelis SeSla pirisaTvsi, romelsac surs gaecnos sakuTar monacemebs
da maTze informacias.
mniSvnelovania:
seimis makontroleblebi mniSvnelovan rols TamaSoben adamianebis
uflebebis uzrunvelyofaSi: maT ufleba aqvT SesTavazon sasamarTlos
damnaSave Tanamdebobis pirebis moxsna dakavebuli Tanamdebobidan. sei-
mis makontroleblebis kompetencia mkveTrad aris gansazRvruli: saxel-
mwifo da TviTmmarTvelobis organoebis warmomadgenlebis mxridan Ta-
namdebobis borotad gamoyenebis da biurokratizmis SemTxvevebis gamo-
Zieba.
refleqsia
diskusia.
Tema 4. àdministraciuli samarTali~ (2 akademiuri saaTi)

sakontrolo samuSaos miznebi da amocanebi
1. konkretuli situaciebis garCevis codnis da unaris Semowmeba.
msvleloba
sakontrolo samuSao. studentebi pasuxoben SekiTxvebs Semdeg Temebze:
1. administraciuli samarTlis cneba;
2. sajaro administrirebis organoebi;
3. administraciuli pasuxismgeblobis cneba, safuZveli da Tavisebu-
rebebi;
4. administraciuli samarTaldarRvevis saqmeebis ganxilvis uflebis
mqone Tanamdebobis pirebi;
5. seimis makontroleblis moTxovnebis Seusrulebloba;
6. saxelmwifo kontrolis Tanamdebobis pirisTvis xelis SeSla;
7. TviTmmarTvelobis makontroleblisTvis xelis SeSla;
8. kerZo dokumentebis ukanono gaformeba.
refleqsia
Sedegebis ganxilva.
leqcia 45-52. sisxlis samarTali (8 akademiuri saaTi)

Tema 1. `sisxlis samarTlis pasuxismgebloba~ (4 akademiuri saaTi)
1. danaSaulebrivi qmedebis saxeebis gacnoba.
2. sisxlis samarTlis pasuxisgebaSi gadacemis safuZvlebis gacnoba.
3. analizis unaris ganviTareba.
gamowveva
diskusia – àdministraciul, samoqalaqo, disciplinarul da sisxlis sa-
marTlis pasuxismgeblobebs Soris msgavseba-gansxvavebebi.~
Sinaarsis realizeba
aqtiuri leqcia Semdegi gegmis mixedviT:
1. sisxlis samarTlis cneba da sistema;
2. samarTaldarRvevis niSnebi da Semadgenloba;
3. danaSaulis CadenaSi Tanamonawileoba;
4. garemoebebi, romlebiTac aRmoifxvreba sisxlis samarTlis pasuxis-
mgebloba;
5. sasjelis sistema da saxeebi.
daskvnebi
sisxlis samarTlis normebis daniSnuleba – sazogadoebrivi urTierTo-
bebis garkveuli jgufis (garkveuli sikeTis) dacva xelyofisagan, risi gan-
xorcielebisaTvisac saWiroa dadgindes sanqciebi, romlebiTac isjeba da-
naSaulis Camdeni. sisxlis samarTlis normebi orientirebulia kanondam-
rRvevze, visTan mimarTebaSic Cadenili danaSaulisaTvis gaTvaliswinebu-
lia garkveuli saxis piradi an qonebrivi xasiaTis SezRudvebi.
qmedeba, saSiSroeba, kanonTan Seusabamoba – urTierTdakavSirebuli niS-
nebia. Tundac erTi CamoTvlili niSnis ararsebobis SemTxvevaSi ar arsebobs
danaSauli, an sisxlis samarTlebrivi qmedeba.
saSinao davaleba
aris Tu ara sisxlis samarTali erTaderTi zoma, romelic gamoiyeneba
sisxlis samarTlis samarTaldarRvevis SemTxvevaSi?
rogoria danaSaulebrivi qmedebis niSnebi?
studentebi gaecnon litvis respublikis kanons saxelmwifo samsaxuris
Sesaxeb, gaiazron misi ZiriTadi cnebebi.
Tema 2. `saxelmwifo samsaxuris da sajaro interesebis winaaRmdeg mimar-

Tuli danaSaulebi da sisxlis samarTlis darRvevebi~ (4 akade-
miuri saaTi)
1. saxelmwifo samsaxuris da sajaro interesebis winaaRmdeg mimarTu-
li danaSaulebi da sisxlis samarTlis darRvevebis gacnoba.
2. korufciuli xasiaTis danaSaulebrivi qmedebebis gacnoba.
3. korufciis prevenciis miznebisa da amocanebis gaazreba.
gamowveva
SeafaseT Semdegi situaciebi:
1. Tanamdebobis piri yovelwliuri Svebulebis dros piradi miznebis-
Tvis iyenebs samsaxuris avtomobils.
2. qalaqis meri did SekveTebs sTavazobs samSeneblo firmas, Tu is amis
sanacvlod misi partiis winasaarCevno kampanias daafinansebs.
3. gamocdis win studentebma dabadebis dRe miuloces maswavlebels da
yvavilebis Taiguli miarTves.
Sinaarsis realizeba
diskusia – `vin aris saxelmwifo moxele da masTan gaTanabrebuli piri?~
litvis respublikis sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 230-e muxlis cnebebis
ganmarteba:
1. saxelmwifo samsaxuris Sesaxeb kanonis Sesabamisad, saxelmwifo mo-
xeleebi arian saxelmwifo samsaxurSi momuSave pirebi: politikose-
bi, sajaro administraciis moxeleebi; agreTve sxva pirebi, romlebic
muSaoben saxelmwifo organoebSi, TviTmmarTvelobis dawesebulebeb-
Si, sasamarTlo, samarTaldamcav organoebSi, saxelmwifo kontrolis
da zedamxedvelobis an maTTan gaTanabrebul organoebSi, asruleben
xelisuflebis warmomadgenlis funqcias an miniWebuli aqvT adminis-
traciuli uflebamosilebebi, agreTve oficialuri kandidatebi aseT
Tanamdebobebze.
2. saxelmwifo moxelesTan gaTanabrebulia piri, romelsac miniWebuli
aqvs gansazRvruli uflebamosilebebi ucxo saxelmwifos organoebis,
saerTaSoriso sajaro organizaciebis an saerTaSoriso sasamarTlo
organos mier, agreTve, aseT Tanamdebobaze wardgenili oficialuri
kandidati.
3. garda amisa, saxelmwifo moxelesTan gaTanabrebulia piri, romelic
muSaobs nebismier saxelmwifo, arasaxelmwifo an kerZo dawesebule-
baSi, warmoebaSi an organizaciaSi, an dakavebulia profesiuli saqmi-
anobiT da miniWebuli aqvs Sesabamisi uflebamosilebebi sajaro admi-

nistrirebis sferoSi, an dakavebulia sajaro momsaxurebis Sesrule-
biT, im pirebis gamoklebiT, romlebic asruleben sameurneo an teqni-
kur funqciebs.
leqciis gegma
1. saxelmwifo samsaxuris winaaRmdeg mimarTuli danaSaulebis da sis-
xlis samarTlis qmedebebis xasiaTi.
2. sisxlis samarTlis konvencia korufciis winaaRmdeg (litvam xeli mo-
awera 1999 wels).
1. saxelmwifo samsaxuris winaaRmdeg mimarTuli danaSaulebis da

sisxlis samarTlis danaSaulebrivi qmedebebis xasiaTi.
litvis respublikis konstituciis me-5 muxlis me-3 nawilSi dadgenilia,
rom `xelisuflebis organoebi xalxs emsaxurebian~. adamianis uflebebis
da Tavisuflebebis dacva da Sesruleba damokidebulia saxelmwifo samsa-
xurSi momuSave pirTa patiosnebaze, pasuxismgeblobasa da Semsruleblo-
baze. rogorc saxelmwifo samsaxuris Sesaxeb litvis respublikis kanonis
me-3 statiis I nawilSia dadgenili, litvis respublikis saxelmwifo samsa-
xuri dafuZnebulia kanonis uzenaesobis, Tanasworobis, keTilsindisiere-
bisa da karieris principebze. xsenebuli principebis dacva saxelmwifo sam-
saxurSi realurad uzrunvelyofs uflebebis, Tavisuflebebis da adamia-
nis kanonieri interesebis dacvas, kanonierebas sazogadoebisa da saxelmwi-
fos cxovrebaSi.
litvis respublikis sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis XXXIII Tavis normebiT
gaTvaliswinebulia dacva msgavsi xasiaTis xelyofisagan imdenad, ramdena-
dac saxelmwifo samsaxuri mniSvnelovnad zaraldeba, roca misi TanamSrom-
lebi danaSauls Cadian.
saxelmwifo samsaxuris da sajaro interesebis winaaRmdeg danaSaulis
Cadenis SemTxvevaSi irRveva konstituciis debuleba imis Sesaxeb, rom sa-
xelmwifos xelisuflebis movaleobaSi Sedis xalxis samsaxuri, ikargeba
xalxis ndoba ara mxolod saxelmwifo samsaxuris, aramed mTlianad saxel-
mwifos mimarT, irRveva saxelmwifo da TviTmmarTvelobis organoebis nor-
maluri funqcionireba, ilaxeba maTi avtoriteti.
saxelmwifo samsaxuris da sajaro interesebis winaaRmdeg mimarTuli da-
naSauli – es aris im pirTa saxifaTo qmedeba, romlebic sargebloben saku-
Tari TanamdebobebiT da amiT did zians ayeneben saxelmwifo interesebs an
sxva pirebs. aRniSnuli danaSaulebi da sisxlis samarTlis danaSaulebrivi
qmedebebi yovelTvis dakavSirebulia subieqtis samsaxuroebriv mdgomare-
obasTan. saxelmwifosTvis, an sxva pirebisaTvis didi odenobiT zaralis mi-
yeneba – es mniSvnelovani niSania, amitom zaralis xasiaTi da zoma dgindeba
konkretuli saqmis garemoebebis gaTvaliswinebiT (xasiaTi, dazaralebul-
Ta ricxvi, qmedebis xangrZlivoba, dakavebuli Tanamdebobis mniSvneloba
da a.S.).
saxelmwifo samsaxuris da sajaro interesebis winaaRmdeg mimarTuli da-
naSauli (samsaxureobrivi valdebulebebis Seusruleblobis garda) nawilob-
riv vlindeba rogorc qmedeba, roca saxelmwifo organoebSi samsaxuri ga-
moiyeneba imisaTvis, rom miRebuli iqnas qonebrivi an sxva piradi sargebeli

sakuTari TavisTvis, an sxva pirisaTvis, anda moTxovnil iqnas aseTi sargebe-
li; agreTve, roca es qmedebebi ewinaaRmdegeba samsaxureobriv interesebs.
zemoT xsenebuli danaSaulebi xasiaTdeba rogorc korufciuli qmedeba.
2. sisxlis samarTlis konvencia korufciis winaaRmdeg

danaSaulebi da danaSaulebrivi qmedebebi saxelmwifo samsaxuris wina-
aRmdeg SeiZleba saerTaSoriso xasiaTsac atarebdnen.
1975 wlis 15 dekembers, gaerTianebuli erebis organizaciam miiRo re-
zolucia korufciis dagmobis Sesaxeb da qveynebis xelisuflebebs moce-
muli movlenis winaaRmdeg brZolisaken mouwoda.
1999 wels evropis sabWom miiRo sisxlis samarTlis konvencia korufci-
is winaaRmdeg (27 ianvari) da samoqalaqo samarTlis konvencia korufciis
winaaRmdeg (4 noemberi). litvam sisxlis samarTlis konvencias korufciis
winaaRmdeg xeli 1999 wels moawera. am dokumentSi xazgasmulia, rom koruf-
cias adgili aqvs rogorc sajaro, aseve kerZo seqtorSic.
romel danaSaulebriv qmedebas aqvs korufciuli xasiaTi? esenia – meq-
rTameoba, mosyidva da Tanamdebobis borotad gamoyeneba.
romeli saxelmwifo samarTaldamcavi dawesebulebebia dakavebuli ko-
rufciis prevenciiT, korufciuli danaSaulebis gamoZiebiTa da gaxsniT?
studentebi litvis respublikis sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 225, 227, 228
muxlebidan iweren meqrTameobis, mosyidvis da borotad gamoyenebis cnebe-
bis gansazRvrebebs, iniSnaven xsenebuli danaSaulebis Semadgenel nawilebs.
meqrTameoba (sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsi, muxli 225)

qrTamis aRebis arsi (obieqti) – mosyiduli saxelmwifo moxele piradad
an sxva pirebis saSualebiT iRebs qrTams, ris safuZvelzec Tavisi samsaxu-
reobrivi qmedebiT (umoqmedobiT), anda samsaxureobrivi mdgomareobiT
unda/an cdilobs, daakmayofilos qrTamis mimcemis an sxva piris piradi
interesebi. qrTamis amRebi subieqti SeiZleba iyos mxolod saxelmwifo mo-
xele an Tanamdebobis piri.
qrTamis aRebis saSualebebi (danaSaulis obieqturi mxare) Semdegi qme-
debebia: 1) qrTamis aReba; 2) qrTamis moTxovna; 3) qrTamis aRebis dapireba.
danaSauli Cadenilad iTvleba saxelmwifo Tanamdebobis piris an mosam-
saxuris mier Rirebulebis nawilis an mTliani Rirebulebis miRebis Semdeg
(Tu saxelmwifo moxelem ipova datovebuli qrTami da amis Sesaxeb Seatyo-
bina samarTaldamcav organoebs, sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 225 muxlis
gamoyenebis safuZveli aRar arsebobs).
qrTami SeiZleba gadaeces Ria an faruli formiT (wageba, zedmeti premi-
is gadaxda, materialuri keTildReobis miniWeba da sxv.).
qrTamis moTxovnis formebi SeiZleba mravalgvari iyos. am mizniT damna-
Save SeiZleba imuqrebodes ukanono qmedebiT an im qmedebis Seusruleblo-
biT, romelic unda Seesrulebina Tavisi kompetenciidan gamomdinare. qrTa-
mis moTxovna SeiZleba farul xasiaTs atarebdes: saxelmwifo moxele usa-
fuZvlod aWianurebs gadawyvetilebis miRebas, atarebs xSir Semowmebebs,
ayenebs xelovnur moTxovnebs sawarmos registraciis dros. garda amisa,
qrTami SeiZleba mieces umoqmedobisTvisac.
subieqturi mxare – mxolos pirdapiri ganzraxva. damnaSave gaiazrebs,

rom qrTamis mimcemisagan mis mier miRebuli materialuri gamorCena araka-
nonier saCuqrad iTvleba. es aris angarebis mizniT Cadenili danaSauli,
imdenad, ramdenadac qrTamis amReb Tanamdebobis pirs esmis, rom am gziT
igi mdidrdeba da aqvs kidec amisi survili.
mosyidva (sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis muxli 227)

mosyidvis obieqti – aris saxelmwifo Tanamdebobis pirze an saxelmwifo
moxeleze qrTamis micema fulis, materialuri Rirebulebis saxiT, an/da Se-
Tanxmeba amis gakeTebaze an pirobebis Seqmna saimisod, rom qonebrivi sar-
gebeli miiRos saWiro qmedebis, gadawyvetilebis, kenWisyris an saxelmwi-
fo Tanamdebobis piris an saxelmwifo moxelis mier momsyidvel pirze mis-
Tvis sasargeblo azris gamoqTmis sanacvlod.
mosyidvis obieqturi mxare – 1) qrTamis gadacema; 2) molaparakeba misi
gadacemis Taobaze. mosyidva Cadenilad iTvleba zemoT xsenebuli erT-erTi
qmedebis Semdeg.
qrTami SeiZleba gadaeces Ria an dafaruli formiT, Suamavlebis saSua-
lebiT. qrTamis aRebas adgili eqneba im SemTxvevaSic, roca mas iRebs piri,
romelic arakompetenturia Cadenil qmedebaSi, romliTac dainteresebu-
lia qrTamis mimcemi.
mosyidvis subieqturi mxare – mxolod pirdapiri ganzraxva. momsyidve-
li piri acnobierebs, rom ukanonod aZlevs qrTams Tanamdebobis pirs an sa-
xelmwifo moxeles konkretuli ukanono qmedebis Casadenad mis an sxva pi-
ris sasargeblod.
Tanamdebobis borotad gamoyeneba (sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis muxli 228)

borotad gamoyenebis obieqtad iTvleba saxelmwifo Tanamdebobis piris
an saxelmwifo moxelis mier samsaxureobrivi mgdomareobis ganzrax gamo-
yeneba piradi sargeblis da angarebis mizniT, rac ewinaaRmdegeba samsaxu-
rebriv interesebs da zians ayenebs saxelmwifos an moqalaqeebs. Tanamde-
bobis borotad gamoyenebis subieqti specifikuria – saxelmwifo moxele
an saxelmwifo Tanamdebobis piri. borotad gamoyenebis obieqturi mxare –
aqtiuri moqmedeba (damnaSave ukanono gziT iRebs sargebels TavisTvis an
sxva pirebisTvis, saxelmwifos an TviTmmarTvelobis qonebis xarjze, an
eqsploatacias uwevs mis daqvemdebarebaSi myof pirebs da sxv.).
zogierT SemTxvevaSi, Tanamdebobis borotad gamoyeneba iTvleba Cade-
nilad saxelmwifos interesebisaTvis an calkeuli pirebisaTvis didi zia-
nis miyenebis SemTxvevaSi. yvelaze xSirad irRveva saxelmwifos da TviTmmar-
Tvelobis dawesebulebebis qonebrivi interesebi.
did zianad, rogorc wesi, iTvleba saxelmwifo moxeleebis an saxelmwi-
fo Tanamdebobis pirTa mxridan Tanamdebobis borotad gamoyeneba adamia-
nis konstituciuri uflebebis da Tavisuflebebis darRvevis sferoSi (ga-
naTlebis, ufaso samedicino momsaxurebis ufleba).
borotad gamoyenebis subieqturi mxare – pirdapiri ganzraxva, samsaxu-
rebrivi mdgomareobis gamoyeneba im interesebis sasargeblod, romlebic
ewinaaRmdegeba samsaxurs. am SemTxvevisaTvis damaxasiaTebelia ramdenime
fsiqologiuri momenti:
damnaSave:
1. acnobierebs Tavisi moqmedebis saSiSroebas; icis, rom ar asrulebs
kanonis moTxovnebs da arRvevs maT;
2. esmis, rom misi saqcieli ewinaaRmdegeba samsaxurebriv interesebs;
3. fiqrobs, rom aseTi qmedebiT zarali miadgeba saxelmwifos an calke-
ul pirebs;
4. mas surs aseTi Sedegebi.
refleqsia
rogor ganvasxvavoT danaSauli saxelmwifo samsaxuris winaaRmdeg sxva
saxis danaSaulisagan?
vin zaraldeba zemoT aRniSnuli danaSaulebis an danaSaulebrivi qmede-
bebis Cadenis dros?
gaixseneT korufciis prevenciis miznebi da amocanebi.
saSinao davaleba
1. saxelmwifo samsaxuris da sajaro interesebis winaaRmdeg mimarTu-
li danaSaulebis da danaSaulebrivi qmedebebis cnebebis damuSaveba.
2. korufciis prevenciis miznebis da amocanebis gageba.
damoukidebeli samuSao
davaleba 1. iuridiuli pirebis registraciis mmarTvelma, p. ionaiti-
sisgan miiRo dokumentebi S.p.s.-s registraciisaTvis. dokumentebi
momzadebuli iyo litvis respublikis samoqalaqo kodeqsis 2.64 mux-
lis Sesabamisad. p. ionaitisma registris mmarTvels sTxova dauyov-
nebliv Seemowmebina, Seesabameboda Tu ara dokumentebi moTxovnebs.
registris mmarTvelma moimizeza, rom uamravi samuSao hqonda,
uTxra, rom konsultacias ver gauwevda da meore dRes misvla Ses-
Tavaza. p. ionaitisi meore dRes mivida, magram igive pasuxi miiRo.
garda amisa, registris mmarTvelma TiTqos sxvaTa Soris uTxra – Ti-
Toeuli momsaxureba fuli Rirso. p. ionaitisi mivida erTi kviris
Semdeg, mmarTvelis magidaze dado 200 liti da dokumentebis Semow-
meba sTxova. registris mmarTvelma aiRo fuli da zrdilobianad upa-
suxa – `dokumentebi moTxovnebs Seesabameba da S.p.s. erTi Tvis gan-
mavlobaSi daregistrirdeba.~
mieciT kvalifikacia mocemul qmedebas litvis respublikis sisxlis
samarTlis kodeqsis mixedviT.
davaleba 2. qalaqis merma TviTmmarTvelobis Senobis kapitaluri remon-
tis Catarebaze tenderi gamoacxada. konkursSi monawileobas iRebda
2 kandidati: S.p.s. “Remontas” da S.p.s. “Statybos paslaugos”. konkursSi S.p.s.
“Remontas”-ma gaimarjva, Tumca am firmis warmomadgenelTa mier war-
dgenili gaangariSeba (600 000 liti) orjer aRemateboda S.p.s. “Statybos
paslaugos”-s warmomadgenlebis mier warmodgenil biznes-gegmas. S.p.s.
“Statybos paslaugos”-is xelmZRvanelma gaigo, rom S.p.s. “Remontas”-is di-
reqtori qalaqis meris biZaSvili iyo. man sasamarTlos mimarTa kon-
kursis ukanonod Catarebis Taobaze, Tumca saremonto samuSaoebi
ukve Sesrulebuli iyo da merias ukve gadaxdili hqonda gaangariSe-
biT gaTvaliswinebuli Tanxa.
sasamarTlom konstatacia gaukeTa im faqts, rom S.p.s. “Remontas” amav-

droulad aremontebda qalaqis meris vaJis sacxovrebel saxlsac. sa-
samarTlos mier daniSnulma eqspertebma daadgines, rom meriis Seno-
bis remontze mxolod 200 000 liti daixarja.
mieciT kvalifikacia mocemul qmedebas litvis respublikis sisxlis
samarTlis kodeqsis mixedviT.
leqcia 53-60. samoqalaqo samarTali (8 akademiuri saaTi)

I Tema. `samoqalaqo uflebebis dacva~ (2 akademiuri saaTi)
1. samoqalaqo uflebebis dacvis principebis da saSualebebis gacnoba.
2. gaazreba, Tu ras warmoadgens samoqalaqo samarTlebrivi pasuxismgeb-
loba samoqalaqo samarTaldarRvevebis SemTxvevaSi.
3. Sesabamisi samarTlebrivi normebis moZebnis da gamoyenebis unaris
ganviTareba.
gamowveva
Tqveni azriT, romeli principebis Sesabamisad xdeba samoqalaqo urTi-
erTobebis reglamentireba?
Sinaarsis realizeba
aqtiuri leqciis gegma:
1. samoqalaqo uflebebis da valdebulebebis gamovlinebis safuZvlebi.
2. samoqalaqo uflebebis ganxorcieleba da valdebulebebis Sesruleba.
3. samoqalaqo uflebebis dacva.
refleqsia
rogor SeuZliaT adamianebs isargeblon TavianTi samoqalaqo ufle-
bebiT?
rogor SeiZleba daicvas sasamarTlom samoqalaqo uflebebi?
Tema 2. `samoqalaqo pasuxismgeblobis cneba da saxeebi (SeTanxmebiTi da

delikaturi)~ (2 akademiuri saaTi)
gamowveva
pasuxismgeblobis romeli saxeebia TqvenTvis cnobili?
Sinaarsis realizeba
1. samoqalaqo pasuxismgeblobis cneba da saxeebi.
2. SeTanxmebiTi pasuxismgebloba.
3. delikaturi pasuxismgebloba.
refleqsia
riT gansxvavdeba SeTanxmebiTi pasuxismgebloba delikaturisagan?
Tema 2. `pasuxismgebloba zianisaTvis, romelic miyenebulia uxarisxo

produqtebiT an miuRebeli xarisxis momsaxurebiT. tyuili rek-
lamiT miyenebuli zianis anazRaureba~
damoukidebeli samuSao da seminari (2 akademiuri saaTi)
waikiTxeT litvis respublikis samoqalaqo kodeqsis me-6 wignis me-4 da
me-5 ganyofilebebi da moemzadeT diskusiisaTvis Semdeg sakiTxebze:
1. pasuxismgebloba zianisTvis, romelic miyenebulia uxarisxo produq-
tebiT an miuRebeli xarisxis momsaxurebiT.
1.1. mwarmoeblis da momsaxurebis gamwevis pasuxismgebloba.
1.2. produqtis da momsaxurebis cneba.
1.3. miuRebeli xarisxis cneba.
1.4. pasuxismgeblobis pirobebi.
1.5. solidaruli pasuxismgebloba.
1.6. dazaralebuli piris danaSauli.
1.7. pasuxismgeblobisagan gaTavisufleba.
1.8. zarali, romelic eqvemdebareba anazRaurebas.
1.9. sasaCivro xandazmuloba.
2. tyuili reklamiT miyenebuli zianis anazRaureba
2.1. tyuili reklamis cneba.
2.2. pasuxismgeblobis subieqti.
2.3. pasuxismgeblobis pirobebi.
2.4. tyuili reklamis akrZalva da gamarTleba.
leqciis nimuSi: samoqalaqo pasuxismgeblobis cneba da saxeebi

1. samoqalaqo pasuxismgeblobis cnebasTan da saxeebTan gacnoba.
2. SeTanxmebiTi da delikaturi samoqalaqo pasuxismgeblobis saxeebis
garCeva.
3. analizis da Sedarebis unaris ganviTareba.
samoqalaqo pasuxismgeblobis cneba da saxeebi
samoqalaqo pasuxismgebloba – qonebrivi valdebulebaa, romlis erT mxa-
res ufleba aqvs moiTxovos zaralis (zianis) anazRaureba an pirgasamtex-
lo gadasaxadi (jarima), xolo meore mxare valdebulia, aanazRauros zara-
li (ziani) an gadaixados pirgasamtexlo gadasaxadi (jarima) (litvis res-
publikis samoqalaqo kodeqsis muxli 6.245). mocemuli gansazRvreba im das-
kvnis gamotanis saSualebas iZleva, rom arsebobs samoqalaqo pasuxismgeb-
lobis ori forma – zaralis anazRaureba da pirgasamtexlo gadasaxadi.
arsebobs samoqalaqo pasuxismgeblobis ori saxe: SeTanxmebiTi da delika-
turi. SeTanxmebiTi samoqalaqo pasuxismgebloba aris qonebrivi valdebule-
ba, romelic warmoiSveba SeTanxmebis Seusruleblobis an arasakmarisi Sesru-
lebis Sedegad, romlis erT mxaresac ufleba aqvs moiTxovos zaralis anazRa-
ureba da pirgasamtexlo (jarima) gadasaxadi, xolo meore mxare valdebulia
aanazRauros SeTanxmebis Seusruleblobis an arasakmarisi Sesrulebis Sede-
gad miyenebuli zarali an gadaixados pirgasamtexlo (jarima). delikaturi
samoqalaqo pasuxismgebloba aris qonebrivi valdebuleba, romelic zians ukav-

Sirdeba da ar aris dakavSirebuli SeTanxmebasTan, garda kanoniT dadgenili
SemTxvevebisa. delikaturi samoqalaqo pasuxismgebloba warmoiSveba agreTve
winaswar SeTanxmebuli qmedebis SemTxvevaSi, romelmac ziani moutana erT mxa-
res (magaliTad, roca mxareebi Tanxmdebian gadazidvebze, Cuqebaze da a. S.).
samoqalaqo pasuxismgeblobis niSnebi:
• SeTanxmebis darRveva;
• zaralis anazRaureba da pirgasamtexlo.
delikaturi samoqalaqo pasuxismgeblobis niSani – mxolod zianis ana-
zRaurebas gulismobs.
mocemuli saxis samoqalaqo pasuxismgeblobis ganmasxvavebeli niSnebi:
• sasaCivro xandazmulobis gansxvavebuli vadebi;
• danaSaulis gansxvavebuli mniSvnelobebi: solidaruli pasuxismgeb-
loba SesaZlebelia mxolod kanoniT an xelSekrulebiT gaTvaliswi-
nebul SemTxvevebSi;
• gansxvavebulia mesame piris qmedebisaTvis pasuxismgebloba.
samoqalaqo pasuxismgebloba warmoiSveba kanoniT an xelSekrulebiT dad-
genili valdebulebebis Seusruleblobis SemTxvevaSi (ukanono umoqmedoba)
an iseTi qmedebis dros, romelic akrZalulia kanoniT an xelSekrulebiT (uka-
nono qmedeba), anda zogadi xasiaTis darRvevis SemTxvevaSi (litvis respub-
likis samoqalaqo kodeqsis muxli 6.246 ùkanono qmedebebi~).
samoqalaqo pasuxismgebloba warmoiSveba mxolod maSin da pasuxismgeblo-
bis amRebi piri iTvleba damnaSaved, garda kanonmdeblobiT da xelSekrule-
biT gaTvaliswinebuli SemTxvevebisa, roca samoqalaqo pasuxismgebloba war-
moiSveba danaSaulis ararsebobis SemTxvevaSi (litvis respublikis samoqa-
laqo kodeqsis statia 6.248, `danaSauli, rogorc samoqalaqo pasuxismgeb-
lobis piroba~). magaliTad, cxovelis mier miyenebul zarals anazRaurebs
misi patroni (litvis respublikis samoqalaqo kodeqsis muxli 6.267).
pirobebi, romlebic aucilebelia samoqalaqo pasuxismgeblobis warmo-
SobisaTvis:
• zianis an zaralis miyeneba;
• ukanono qmedeba;
• mizezobrivi kavSiri movalis qmedebasa da zians an zarals Soris;
• danaSauli.
zianad iTvleba pirovnebis mier qonebis dakargva an masze zianis miyeneba,
gaRebuli xarjebi (pirdapiri zarali), agreTve miuRebeli Semosavlebi, rom-
lebic SeiZleboda mieRo pirs arakanonieri qmedebis ararsebobis SemTxveva-
Si. zianis fuladi gamoxatulebaa zarali. im SemTxvevaSi, Tu mxares ar SeuZ-
lia zaralis sididis zusti damtkiceba, igi dgindeba sasamarTlos mier.
xelSekrulebiTi pasuxismgebloba
mxareebis urTierTdamokidebuleba regulirdeba xelSekrulebiT. movalis
pasuxismgebloba gamomdinareobs xelSekrulebidan. samoqalaqo kodeqsiT
dadgenilia, rom TiToeuli piri valdebulia jerovnad da droulad Seasru-
los nakisri saxelSekrulebo valdebulebebi (litvis respublikis samoqala-
qo kodeqsis muxli 6.256, naw. I). piri, romelic ar asrulebs an jerovnad ar asru-
lebs nakisr saxelSekrulebo valdebulebebs, movalea, meore mxares aunazRa-
uros mis mier miyenebuli zarali, gadaixados pirgasamtexlo (jarima).
delikaturi pasuxismgebloba
valdebuleba miyenebuli zianis anazRaurebaze:
1. TiToeuli piri valdebulia daicvas qcevis wesebi, raTa Tavisi qme-
debebiT (qmedebiT, umoqmedobiT) ziani ar miayenos sxva pirs.
2. ziani, romelic miadga pirs, qonebas, da agreTve, kanoniT dadgenil
SemTxvevebSi, araqonebrivi zianic, unda aanazRauros pasuxismgebelma
pirma (litvis respublikis samoqalaqo kodeqsis muxli 6.263).
TiToeuli piri valdebulia moiqces faqizad da yuradRebiT. mocemuli
valdebulebis xasiaTi da xarisxi nawilobriv reglamentirebulia sxvadas-
xva samarTlebrivi aqtiT, profesiuli eTikis wesebiT da a.S. magaliTad, sa-
samarTlos zedamxedveli Tavisi moqmedebiT miyenebuli zianis gamo pira-
dad agebs pasuxs sasamarTlos zedamxedvelebis Sesaxeb litvis respubli-
kis kanonis me-16 muxlis Sesabamisad.
samoqalaqo pasuxismgeblobis kompensaciis funqciis arsi gamoixateba
zianis sruli anazRaurebiT, anu samoqalaqo pasuxismgeblobis gamoyenebis
mizania, dazaralebulisaTvis qonebrivi danakargis kompensacia – misi dab-
runeba iseT qonebriv mdgomareobaSi, rogorSic is iqneboda zaralis armi-
yenebis SemTxvevaSi. mTlianad anazRaurdeba mxolod qonebrivi ziani, xolo
araqonebrivi zianisaTvis es principi ar gamoiyeneba, vinaidan maTi Sefase-
ba rTulia. (pasuxismgeblobaze waikiTxeT litvis respublikis samoqala-
qo kodeqsis muxli 6.264 – 6.279 da SeadgineT cxrili).
delikaturi pasuxismgebloba aris:
• TanamSromlebis damqiravebeli piris pasuxismgebloba;
• pasuxismgebloba sxva pirebisaTvis zianis miyenebis gamo;
• mflobelis statikuri pasuxismgebloba;
• pasuxismgebloba cxovelebis mier miyenebuli zaralisaTvis;
• pasuxismgebloba zianisaTvis fizikuri piris mier, romelsac ar Se-
uZlia gaaTviTcnobieros sakuTari moqmedebis mniSvneloba;
• pasuxismgebloba zianisaTvis, romelic miyenebulia gaZlierebuli sa-
SiSroebis mqone wyaros mier;
• pasuxismgebloba zianisaTvis, romelic warmoSobilia aucilebeli mo-
Txovnilebis Sedegad;
• pasuxismgebloba 14 wlamde arasrulwlovanis mier miyenebuli ziani-
saTvis;
• pasuxismgebloba 14-dan 18 wlamde arasrulwlovanis mier miyenebu-
li zianisaTvis;
• zianisaTvis, romelic miyenebulia ramdenime piris mier;
mniSvnelovania:
saxelSekrulebo samoqalaqo pasuxismgebloba warmoadgens qonebriv
valdebulebas, romelic warmoiSveba xelSekrulebis Seusruleblobis, an
jerovnad arSesrulebis gamo.
delikaturi samoqalaqo pasuxismgebloba warmoadgens qonebriv valde-
bulebas, romelic warmoiSveba zaralis safuZvelze, rac ar aris dakavSi-
rebuli xelSekrulebasTan, garda im SemTxvevebisa, roca kanonmdeblobiT
dadgenilia mocemuli pasuxismgeblobis warmoSoba da romelic saxelSek-
rulebo urTierTobas ukavSirdeba.
205
gintare Satene
korufcia da samarTali
samarTlis safuZvlebis kursis moduli
kursi studentebisaTvis, romlebic swavloben `sajaro administri-

rebis~, `biznesis marTvis~ da èkonomikis~ specialobebze.
kursis daniSnuleba
1. saxelmwifos Teoriis ZiriTad aspeqtebTan gacnoba;
2. iuridiuli mecnierebebis sistemis garkveva;
3. saxelmwifo mmarTvelobis organoebis saqmianobis Tvisebebisa da maTi
sistemis ganxilva;
4. samarTlis calkeuli sferoebis gacnoba da maTi Taviseburebebis gan-
xilva;
5. samoqalaqo cnobierebis, pasuxismgeblobis, sakuTari da sazogado-
ebrivi interesebis SeTanxmebis aucileblobis Camoyalibeba.
sagnis – `samarTlis safuZvlebi~ – daniSnulebis me3-5 punqtebSi CamoT-
vlili miznebi unda mivusadagoT korufcias, rogorc saxelmwifo mmarTve-
lobis da saxelmwifo samsaxuris problemas, misi gamovlinebis mizezebs da
saxelmwifos mier gatarebul antikorufciul politikas.
saxelmwifo mmarTvelobis da saxelmwifo samsaxuris sferoSi koruf-
ciis ganxilvisas, saWiroa Semdegi qveTemebi gamovyoT:
1. saxelmwifo samsaxurSi korufciis cneba da problema;
2. korufciis gavrceleba (done da masStabi) litvaSi;
3. korufciis mizezebi da Sedegebi;
4. danaSaulebi da danaSaulebrivi qmedebebi saxelmwifo samsaxuris wi-
naaRmdeg da maTi daxasiaTeba;
5. saxelmwifo samsaxuris winaaRmdeg Cadenil danaSaulebTan da dana-
Saulebriv qmedebebTan dakavSirebuli praqtikuli situaciebis ana-
lizi da sisxlis samarTlebrivi Sefaseba;
6. saxelmwifos mier gatarebuli korufciis prevenciuli zomebi da misi
maregulirebeli samarTlebrivi aqtebi.
literatura
1. Budbergyte R., Šakočius A., Žilinskas D., Lietuvos Respublikos valstybes tarnybos
istatymo komentaras. Vilnius: Lietuvos viešojo administravimo institutas, 2004.
2. “Lietuvos Respublikos korupcijos prevencijos istatymas”, Žin., 2002, Nr. 57-2297.
3. “Lietuvos Respublikos specialiuju tyrimu tarnybos istatymas”, Žin., 2003, Nr. 38-1657.
4. “Lietuvos Respublikos valstybes tarnybos istatymas”, Žin., 2002, Nr. 45-1708.
5. Pivoriunas A., “Nusikaltimai valstybes tarnybai ir korupcija – problemos ir ju sprendimo
budai”, Justitia, 1997, Nr. 6.
1. leqciebi
1.1 iuridiuli mecnierebebis sistema. sakonstitucio samarTlis cne-
ba da normebi. saxelmwifos da samarTlis warmoSoba da niSnebi.
1.2 samarTlebrivi urTierTobebis reglamentireba saxelmwifo samar-
Tlebrivi aqtebiT. saxelmwifo mmarTvelobis organoebis sistema,
romlebic axorcieleben saxelmwifo samsaxuris marTvas, maTi saq-
mianobis niSnebi da kompetencia.
1.3 administraciuli samarTali, rogorc samarTlis sfero, romelic
ganixilavs mmarTvelobas. normatiuli aqtebi, rogorc administra-
ciuli samarTlis wyaroebi. administraciuli pasuxismgeblobis Ta-
viseburebebi, misi subieqtebi da safuZvlebi.
1.4 administraciuli kanonmdebloba, rogorc sajaro administrirebis
safuZveli.
1.5 administraciuli sasjelis saxeebi, maTi daniSnuleba da Sesru-
leba.
1.6 sisxlis samarTlis cneba da sistema. sisxlis samarTlis kanonmdeb-
lobis mniSvneloba da gamoyeneba.
1.7 sisxlis samarTlis pasuxismgeblobis cneba da misi miznebi. sasje-
lis daniSnuleba. sisxlis samarTlis pasuxismgeblobisagan gaTavi-
sufleba.
1.8 procesualuri iZulebis RonisZiebebi. winaswari gamoZieba. pirve-
li instanciis sasamarTloebSi saqmeebis ganxilvis procesi.
1.9 SromiTi samarTlis wyaroebi da subieqtebi. SromiTi mowyoba. Sro-
miTi xelSekrulebis cneba da Sinaarsi, SromiTi xelSekrulebis dam-
Tavreba.
1.10 Sromis da dasvenebis dro. gamomuSavebuli xelfasi. Sromis anazRa-
urebis sistemebi da saxeebi. garantiebi da kompensaciebi. SromiTi
disciplina. materialuri pasuxismgebloba. Sromis usafrTxoeba.
1.11 damqiraveblis pasuxismgebloba janmrTelobisaTvis miyenebuli zi-
anis gamo. zianis anazRaureba samsaxurSi momxdari ubeduri SemTxve-
vebis gamo.
1.12 samoqalaqo kanonmdeblobis sistema da gamoyeneba.
1.13 sajaro samarTlis cneba. qorwineba. fiqtiuri qorwineba.
1.14 meuRleTa uflebebi da movaleobebi. qorwinebis dasruleba.
1.15 mSoblebisa da Svilebis uflebebi da movaleobebi. Svilad ayvana. me-
urveoba. meurvis da mzrunvelis samarTlebrivi mdgomareoba.
1.16 sawarmos cneba. sawarmo, rogorc samarTlebrivi subieqti. sawar-
mos dafuZnebis wesis regulireba.
1.17 sawarmos reorganizacia da likvidacia.
1.18 saerTaSoriso privatuli samarTali. amocanebi, gamoyeneba.
1.19 fizikuri da iuridiuli pirebi. warmomadgenloba.
1.20 sakuTrebis uflebis mopoveba da dakargva.
1.21 samemkvidreo samarTlis cneba, memkvidreebi, memkvidreobis formebi.
1.22 begaris cneba da misi warmoSobis safuZvlebi.
1.23 begaris saxeebi, Suamdgomloba, garantia, restitucia. xelSekrule-
bebis Zala da forma.
2. praqtikuli samuSao
2.1 sakonstitucio samarTali da misi socialuri daniSnuleba.
2.2 administraciuli samarTlis amocanebi da wyaroebi, administraci-
ul-procesualuri urTierTobebis Taviseburebebi da elementebi.
2.3 sisxlis samarTlis kanonmdeblobis daniSnuleba da gamoyeneba.
2.4 SromiTi samarTlis principebi. koleqtiuri SromiTi urTierTo-
bebi.
2.5 Sromis anazRaureba da xarisxi.
2.6 samoqalaqo kanonmdeblobis struqtura da daniSnuleba.
2.7 saerTaSoriso samoqalaqo urTierTobebis regulireba.
2.8 begaris samarTlebrivi principebi.
1. Abramavičius A., Mikelenas V., Imoniu vadovu teisine atsakomybe. Vilnius, 1998.
2. Budbergyte R., Šakočius A., Žilinskas D., Lietuvos Respublikos valstybes tarnybos
istatymo komentaras. Vilnius: Lietuvos viešojo administravimo institutas, 2004.*
3. Laurinavičius A., Bendruomenes ir teisesaugos instituciju bendradarbiavimas. Vilnius:
LTA, 2000.
4. Lietuvos konstitucine teise. Vilnius: Lietuvos teises universitetas, 2001.
5. Lietuvos konstitucines teises ivadas. Vilnius: Justicija, 2001.
6. Petkevičius P., Administracine atsakomybe. Vilnius, 1996.
7. Pivoriunas A., “Nusikaltimai valstybes tarnybai ir korupcijai – problemos bei ju
sprendimo budai”, Justitia, 1997, Nr. 6.*
8. Pumputis A., Europos žmogaus teisiu ir pagrindiniu laisviu apsaugos konvencija ir jos
igyvendinimo mechanizmas. Vilnius: LTA, 2000.
9. Sartori G., Lyginamoji konstitucine inžinerija. Vilnius: Poligra.ja ir informatika, 2001.
davaleba 1.
situaciis Sefaseba, romelic Tan erTvis leqcias – `sisxlis samarTlis
cneba da sistema. sisxlis samarTlis kanonmdeblobis daniSnuleba da gamo-
yeneba~, im cvlilebebis gaTvaliswinebiT, romlebic gaCnda antikorufci-
uli ganaTlebis winamdebare modulTan integrirebis safuZvelze.
situacia 1. soflis macxovrebeli qalbatoni, oTxi mcirewlovani Svilis
deda, moqalaqe X sakuTari Svilis mkvlelobaSi daadanaSaules. igi garSe-
momyofebTan malavda, rom fexmZimed iyo. yvelasgan ganmartoebiT tyeSi
imSobiara da axalSobili gaguda. Tavisi moqmedeba man imiT axsna, rom ara-
nairi saSualeba ar hqonda kidev erTi bavSvis gasazrdelad. mis aseT saqci-
els qmarmac dauWira mxari. garda amisa, danaSaulis Cadenis momentSi is me-
uRlis gverdiT imyofeboda. marTalia, mas Tavad ar mouklavs bavSvi, mag-
ram cols cxedris damarxvaSi daexmara. bavSvTa uflebebis samsaxurma war-
moadgina cnoba imis Taobaze, rom es ojaxi asocialuria, ar uvlis Tavis
Svilebs, orive meuRle loTobs.
aRwerili danaSauli arRvevs adamianis Semdeg uflebebs da Tavisuf-

lebebs:
........................................................................
........................................................................
situacia 2. policiaSi momuSave ori Tanamdebobis piri, romlebmac icod-

nen sad gaCerdnen ukrainidan litvaSi aralegalurad Camosuli msubuqi yo-
faqcevis qalebi, maT saxlSi miadgnen da piradobis damadasturebeli sabu-
Tebi mosTxoves. gogonebs dokumentebi ar aRmoaCndaT, romliTac litvaSi
yofnis ufleba eqnebodaT. policielebma maT aTasi litis gadaxda SesTa-
vazes deportaciis sanacvlod. gogonebs arc fuli hqondaT, magram daTan-
xmdnen, rom usasyidlod daemyarebinaT maTTan seqsualuri kavSiri. Sede-
gad, roca xsenebuli SemTxvevis faqtze sisxlis samarTlis saqme aRiZra,
gairkva, rom policielebi ramdenime Tvis ganmavlobaSi sargeblobdnen go-
gonebis momsaxurebiT.
lebebs:
........................................................................
........................................................................
situacia 3. dabadebis dRis aRniSvnis dros SemTxveviT mZimed daiWra ada-

miani. gamoZiebis msvlelobisas dadginda, rom alkoholuri zemoqmedebis
qveS myofi policieli, moqalaqe b. saRamoze Tavs iwonebda samsaxuris pis-
toletiT da SesaTvaliereblad gadasca qalbaton v.-s. man iaraRis xelSi
aRebisas SemTxveviT Caxmaxs gamohkra TiTi. pistoleti gavarda da tyvia
gverdiT mdgom mamakacs moxvda. gogona amtkicebda, rom adre iaraRi ara-
sodes unaxavs, ar icoda, rom is datenili iyo da verc mixvda, rogor moxda
es yvelaferi.
lebebs:
........................................................................
........................................................................
davaleba 2.
situaciis Sefaseba, romelic Tan erTvis leqcias `sisxlis samarTlis
cneba da sistema. sisxlis samarTlis kanonmdeblobis daniSnuleba da gamo-
yeneba~, im cvlilebebis gaTvaliswinebiT, romlebic gaCnda antikorufci-
uli ganaTlebis winamdebare modulTan integrirebis safuZvelze.
rogor fiqrobT, SeiZleba Tu ara aRwerili SemTxvevebi samarTlebriv
normebTan Seusabamod, korufciad CaiTvalos?
SeiZleba Tu ara
SemTxvevis aRwera
CaiTvalos korufci-
ad? (ki an ara)
1. pirdapiri an iribi moTxovna saxelmwifo Tanamdebobis
piris, an im piris mier, romelic asrulebs saxelmwifoeb-
riv funqciebs nebismieri fuladi Rirebulebis mqone niv-
Tis micemaze an miRebaze, an sxva sargebeli, miRebuli sa-
Cuqris, momsaxurebis, dapirebis, piradi an sxva pirisTvis,
an kanonis Sesabamisad dawesebuli subieqtisTvis privi-
legiebis miRebis saxiT, mis mier dakavebuli Tanamdebo-
bis Sesabamisi qmedebis Sesruleba an arSesruleba.
2. pirdapiri an iribi SeTavazeba an gadacema saxelmwifo
Tanamdebobis pirze an im pirze, romelic asrulebs saxel-
mwifoebriv funqciebs, nebismieri fuladi Rirebulebis
mqone nivTis an sxva sargebelis, romelic miRebulia sa-
Cuqris, momsaxurebis, dapirebis, piradi an sxva pirisTvis,
an kanonis Sesabamisad dawesebuli subieqtisTvis privi-
legiebis miRebis saxiT, mis mier dakavebuli Tanamdebo-
bis Sesabamisi qmedebis Sesruleba an arSesruleba.
3. saxelmwifo Tanamdebobis piris, an im piris, romelic
asrulebs saxelmwifoebriv funqciebs Tanamdebobrivi qme-
deba an maTi Seusrulebloba, roca es keTdeba sargeblis
miRebis mizniT sakuTari TavisTvis an mesame mxarisaTvis,
Tumca amasTan erTad irRveva kanonis debulebebi.
4. saxelmwifo Tanamdebobis piris, an im piris, romelic
asrulebs saxelmwifoebriv funqciebs Tanamdebobrivi qme-
deba an maTi Seusrulebloba, roca es ar keTdeba sargeb-
lis miRebis mizniT sakuTari TavisTvis an mesame mxarisaT-
vis, Tumca amasTan erTad irRveva kanonis debulebebi.
5. 1,2 da 3 SemTxvevebSi aRwerili ukanono qmedebebis gziT
SeZenili qonebis gamoyeneba, an aseTi qonebis damalva.
6. monawileoba korufciul moqmedebebSi mTavari moqme-
di piris, Tanamonawilis, wamqezeblis, Semsruleblis an
damxmares saxiT, an nebismieri saxis monawileoba, mona-
wileobis ganzraxva, TanamSromloba an dafarva.
leqciis magaliTi `sisxlis samarTlis cneba da sistema. sisxlis samar-

Tlis kanonmdeblobis daniSnuleba da gamoyeneba~, im cvlilebebis gaTva-
liswinebiT, romlebic gaCnda antikorufciuli ganaTlebis winamdebare mo-
dulTan integrirebis safuZvelze.
sisxlis samarTali – es aris samarTlebrivi normebis sistema, romelic

regulirebis normebis qmediTunarianobis uzrunvelyofis
mizniT:
1) amtkicebs saxelmwifos sisxlis samarTlis principebs;
2) gansazRvravs regulirebis normebis darRvevisas romeli qmedebebi
unda CaiTvalos danaSaulad an sisxlis samarTlebriv qmedebad;
3) adgens, ra aris damnaSave pirTaTvis sisxlis samarTlis pasuxismgeb-

lobaSi micemis safuZvlebi da pirobebi.
4) amtkicebs sanqciis saxeebs, danaSaulis formebs da a.S.
sisxlis samarTlis daniSnuleba – samarTlis sxva sferoebiT dadgeni-

li akrZalvebis garantia. sisxlis samarTlis regulirebis ZiriTadi meTo-
di – imperatiulia (gamoxatuli brZanebiTi formiT). sisxlis samarTlis Zi-
riTadi wyaroa – sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsi, romelic zogadi da specia-
luri nawilebisagan Sedgeba.
sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis ZiriTad nawilSi:
1) reglamentirdeba saerTo mdgomareoba;
2) ganisazRvreba sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis moqmedebis sakiTxebi;
3) moyvanilia danaSaulisa da sisxlis samarTlebrivi qmedebis cnebebi;
4) saxeldeba da ganisazRvreba danaSaulebrivi qmedebis stadiebi da
formebi;
5) mtkicdeba sisxlis samarTlis pasuxismgeblobis acilebis garemoebebi;
6) Tanxmdeba sisxlis samarTlis pasuxismgeblobidan gaTavisufleba;
7) moyvanilia sasjelis cneba, misi daniSnulebis sakiTxebi;
8) ganixileba sisxlis samarTlebrivi zemoqmedebis meTodebi da maTi da-
niSnulebis SesaZleblobebi;
9) reglamentirdeba sasjelis sisruleSi moyvanis gadavadeba da pasu-
xismgeblobisagan gaTavisufleba;
10) moyvanilia arasrulwlovanTa sisxlis samarTlis pasuxismgeblobis
Taviseburebebi;
11) reglamentirdeba sisxlis samarTlis pasuxismgeblobis xandazmuloba;
12) saubaria nasamarTleobaze;
13) ganixileba samedicino xasiaTis iZulebiTi RonisZiebebi da maTi ga-
moyenebis Taviseburebebi.
sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis specialuri nawilis konkretul ganyofi-

lebebSi ki mtkicdeba calkeuli danaSaulebrivi qmedebebi, romlebsac da-
naSauli da sisxlis samarTlebrivi qmedeba ewodebaT. zemoT xsenebuli da-
naSaulebrivi qmedebebi saxeobebis mixedviT jgufdeba, anu romeli samar-
Tlebrivi keTildReoba da faseulobebi iqna darRveuli danaSaulebrivi
xelyofis Sedegad.
amgvarad, sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis specialuri nawili warmoadgens
sisxlis samarTlis kanonis normebs, romlebic gansazRvraven im qmedebe-
bis sistemas da niSnebs, romlebic aRiarebulia danaSaulebrivad, agreT-
ve sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis zogadi nawilis principebis da Tezisebis
Tanaxmad dadgenil pasuxismgeblobas da sasjels im pirTan mimarTebaSi,
romelmac konkretuli qmedeba Caidina. sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis spe-
cialuri nawilis normebi gansazRvraven sisxlis samarTlis kanonmdeblo-
bis miznebs, moqmedebis sazRvrebs, sisxlis samarTlebrivi pasuxismgeb-
lobis safuZvlebs, danaSaulis Cadenis formebs, adgenen dasjis sistemas,
maTi daniSnulebis wesebs, agreTve wyveten sxva zogad sakiTxebs, romle-
bic dakavSirebulia piris sisxlis samarTlis pasuxisgebaSi micemasTan da
mis dasjasTan.
xazi unda gaesvas imas, rom sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis specialuri nawi-
lis normebi adgenen konkretuli danaSaulis saxeobriv niSan-Tvisebebs, rom-
lebic axasiaTebs danaSaulis Sesabamis Semadgenlobas, agreTve gansazRvra-
ven sanqcias, romelic SeiZleba mivuyenoT realurad Cadenil danaSauls.
sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis specialuri nawilis normebi sisxlis samar-
Tlis kodeqsis zogadi nawilis normebTan SedarebiT gansazRvrul Tavise-
burebebs floben: Cveulebriv, isini qmedebebis daskvniT sias warmoadge-
nen, romlebic danaSauls an sisxlis samarTlebriv qmedebas miekuTvnebian.
amitom, imis gadawyveta, iTvleba Tu ara qmedeba danaSaulad (sisxlis sa-
marTlebriv qmedebad), SesaZlebelia masze specialuri nawilis normebis
miyenebis saSualebiT.
Tanamedrove werilobiT wyaroebSi sisxlis samarTlis normebi, rogorc
wesi, dajgufebulia dasacavi keTildReobis Sesabamisad, anu danaSaulis
(sisxlis samarTlebrivi qmedebis) obieqtis saxeobis gaTvaliswinebiT. Tum-
ca, SesaZlebelia isic, rom normebis garkveuli jgufi gaerTiandes TavSi
ara mxolod erTi, aramed ramdenime saxis obieqtis safuZvelze. tradiciu-
lad, Tavebi ganlagebulia ufro saSiSi danaSaulebidan naklebad saSiSisa-
ken. Tumca, zemoT xsenebuli sakiTxebis gadawyvetisas umalve wamoiWreba
aqsiologiuri (aqsiologia – filosofiis dargi, romelic swavlobs Rire-
bulebis raobas) problema: sisxlis samarTlis kanonmdeblobiT daculi ro-
meli sikeTe unda CaiTvalos ufro Rirebulad, da romeli – naklebad. lit-
vis respublikis sisxlis samarTlis axal kodeqsSia mocemuli specialuri
nawilis Tavebis aseTi Tanmimdevroba:
1. danaSauli kacobriobis winaaRmdeg da samxedro danaSauli.
2. danaSauli litvis respublikis damoukideblobis, teritoriuli mTli-
anobis da konstituciuri wyobis winaaRmdeg.
3. danaSauli adamianis sicocxlis winaaRmdeg.
4. danaSauli adamianis janmrTelobis winaaRmdeg.
5. danaSauli, romelic safrTxes uqmnis adamianis sicocxles da janmrTe-
lobas.
6. danaSauli adamianis Tavisuflebis winaaRmdeg.
7. danaSauli da danaSaulebrivi qmedebebi adamianis seqsualuri TviTga-
morkvevis da misi xelSeuxeblobis winaaRmdeg.
8. danaSauli da danaSaulebrivi qmedebebi pirovnebis pativisa da Rirse-
bis winaaRmdeg.
9. danaSauli da danaSaulebrivi qmedebebi bavSvisa da ojaxis winaaRmdeg.
10. danaSauli pirovnebis piradi cxovrebis xelSeuxeblobis winaaRmdeg.
11. danaSauli da danaSaulebrivi qmedebebi pirovnebis Tanasworuflebia-
nobis da sindisis Tavisuflebis winaaRmdeg.
12. danaSauli da danaSaulebrivi qmedebebi moqalaqeTa amomrCevlis ufle-
bis da litvis respublikis prezidentis, seimis sabWoebis da TviTmmar-
Tvelobis arCevnebis an referendumebis winaaRmdeg.
13. danaSauli da danaSaulebrivi qmedebebi pirovnebis socialuri ufle-
bebis winaaRmdeg.
14. danaSauli da danaSaulebrivi qmedebebi sakuTrebis, qonebrivi ufle-
bebis da qonebrivi interesebis winaaRmdeg.
15. danaSauli inteleqtualuri da samrewvelo sakuTrebis winaaRmdeg.
16. danaSauli sainformacio teqnologiis winaaRmdeg.

17. danaSauli da danaSaulebrivi qmedebebi ekonomikis da samrewvelo saq-
mianobis wesis winaaRmdeg.
18. danaSauli da danaSaulebrivi qmedebebi finansuri sistemis winaaRmdeg.
19. danaSauli da danaSaulebrivi qmedebebi saxelmwifo samsaxuris da sa-
jaro interesebis winaaRmdeg.
20. danaSauli da danaSaulebrivi qmedebebi samarTlianobis winaaRmdeg.
21. danaSauli da danaSaulebrivi qmedebebi sazogadoebrivi usafrTxoebis
winaaRmdeg.
22. danaSauli da danaSaulebrivi qmedebebi, romlebic dakavSirebulia ia-
raRis, sabrZolo masalebis, feTqebadi an radioaqtiuri nivTierebebis
flobasTan.
23. danaSauli da danaSaulebrivi qmedebebi, romlebic dakavSirebulia nar-
kotikuli an fsiqotropiuli, momwamvleli an Zliermoqmedi nivTiere-
bebis flobasTan.
24. danaSauli da danaSaulebrivi qmedebebi garemopirobebis da xalxis jan-
mrTelobis winaaRmdeg.
25. danaSauli da danaSaulebrivi qmedebebi satransporto moZraobis usaf-
rTxoebis winaaRmdeg.
26. danaSauli da danaSaulebrivi qmedebebi sazogadoebrivi wesrigis wina-
aRmdeg.
27. danaSauli saxelmwifo moxelis an sajaro administrirebis funqciis
aRmasrulebeli piris winaaRmdeg.
28. danaSauli da danaSaulebrivi qmedebebi mmarTvelobis wesis winaaRmdeg.
29. danaSauli da danaSaulebrivi qmedebebi mmarTvelobis wesis winaaRmdeg,
romlebic ukavSirdeba dokumentebis an sazomi saSualebebis gayalbebas.
30. danaSauli da danaSaulebrivi qmedebebi zneobis winaaRmdeg.
31. danaSauli da danaSaulebrivi qmedebebi micvalebulis xsovnis winaaRmdeg.
32. danaSauli da danaSaulebrivi qmedebebi mxaris dacvis samsaxuris wina-
aRmdeg.
aRsaniSnavia, rom TiToeuli jgufis danaSauli da danaSaulebrivi qme-

debebi arRveven ara marto kanoniT gansazRvrul maregulirebel samar-
Tlebriv normebs, aramed litvis respublikis konstituciiT damtkicebul
uflebebs, Tavisuflebebs an adamianis kanonier interesebs (magaliTad,
piri, romelic Caidens qurdobas anu danaSuls, romelic gaTvaliswinebu-
lia sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 28-e TavSi `danaSauli da danaSaulebrivi
qmedebebi sakuTrebis, qonebrivi uflebebis da qonebrivi interesebis wina-
aRmdeg~, imavdroulad, arRvevs sxva piris uflebas sakuTrebis xelSeuxeb-
lobis Sesaxeb, romelic damtkicebulia konstituciis 23-e muxliT.), ris-
Tvisac sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsiT damrRvevis mimarT gaTvaliswinebu-
lia zemoqmedebis Sesabamisi normebi (sanqciebi). amitom, SeiZleba moxdes
imis konstatireba, rom danaSaulebrivi qmedebebis siis damtkicebis saSu-
alebiT, romlebic akrZalvis qveSaa, sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsi am saxiT
axorcielebs samarTlis mier Sesrulebul funqcias adamianis uflebebis,
Tavisuflebebis da kanonieri interesebis dacvis Taobaze.
warmodgenili masalebis safuZvelze gamomdinareobs daskvna, litvis
respublikis sisxlis samarTlis regulirebis obieqts warmoadgens dana-
Saulis formaluri aRniSvna, rogorc danaSaulebrivi qmedebis erT-erTi

forma: `danaSauli – es aris danaSaulebrivi qmedeba, romlis gamoc kano-
niT gaTvaliswinebulia Tavisuflebis aRkveTa~.
ufro dawvrilebiT gavaanalizoT danaSaulis niSnebi:
1. danaSauli – es aris qmedeba, romelic safrTxes uqmnis Rirebulebe-
bis arsebul sistemas. adamianis qmedebebis saSiSroeba aris danaSaulis pir-
veli niSani, qmedebis kriminalizaciis winapiroba, kanonmdeblis gzamkvle-
vi. arasaSiSi qmedebebi ar SeiZleba iyos kriminalizirebuli. qmedebis sa-
SiSroeba xSirad warmoadgens danaSaulis niSans, vinaidan es iTvleba dana-
Saulis arsis maCveneblad. xsnis, ratom iTvleba adamianis qmedeba danaSau-
lad. litvis respublikis sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsi sityva `saSiSs~ Sem-
degnairad xsnis: `saSiSroebis gamomwvevi, zianis mimyenebeli, raRacaze Tav-
damsxmeli an raRacis damrRvevi~. aranakleb mniSvnelovania isic, Tu raze
xdeba Tavdasxma, raze xdeba zianis miyeneba danaSaulebrivi qmedebiT – sa-
xelmwifoze, pirovnebaze Tu sazogadoebaze.
yvela sazogadoebrivi faseuloba SeiZleba or jgufad daiyos, esenia:
• yvela adamianisaTvis saerTo faseulobebi, romlebsac cnobs demok-
ratiuli sazogadoeba da pativs scems yvela politikuri partia (ada-
mianis sicocxle, janmrTeloba, Rirseba, sakuTreba, sazogadoebrivi
usafrTxoeba). xsenebuli faseulobebi (didi an mcire Rirebulebis)
daculia (Tundac kanonis mixedviT) totalitarul saxelmwifoebSic.
• ideologiuri faseulobebi, romlebTan damokidebulebac sxvadasxva
partiebSi, rogorc wesi, gansxvavebulia. TiToeul sazogadoebas xom
faseulobebis sakuTari Skala gaaCnia.
maRali faseulobebi daculia sisxlis samarTliT, amitom, SeiZleba imis
mtkiceba, rom yvelaze saSiSi qmedebebi, romelTa gziTac xdeba maRali fa-
seulobebis xelyofa, miCneulia danaSaulad.
danaSaulis saxifaTooba gansxvavebulia. is ori terminiT aRiniSneba: sa-
SiSroebis xasiaTi da saSiSroebis xarisxi.
Tavdasxmis niSnebi, romle- qmedebis

obieqtis biTac gamowve- Cadenis
Rirebuleba ulia danaSau- motivi
lis saSiSroe-
bis xasiaTi
danaSaulis danaSaulis
obieqti forma
qmedebis danaSaulis
subieqtis
Cadenis
Tavisebu-
xerxi
rebebi
qmedebis
qmedebis
Cadenis
mizani
Sedegi
saSiSroebis xasiaTi, nawilobriv, Tavdasxmis obieqtis RirebulebiTaa

ganpirobebuli. ase gansxvavdeba saSiSroebis xasiaTiT sxeulis dazianeba
qurdobisagan, ramdenadac sxeulis dazianeba ufro saSiS danaSaulad
iTvleba, vinaidan janmrTeloba ufro did Rirebulebas warmoadgens, vid-
re sakuTreba.
amave dros, ramdenime msgavsi an erTnairi tipis danaSauli saSiSroebis
xarisxiT gansxvavdeba, rac ganpirobebulia gansazRvruli niSnebis gamo-
xatvis masStabiT (sxeulis mZime dazianeba iTvleba ufro saSiSad, vidre msu-
buqi da a.S.).
2. qmedebis Seusabamoba sisxlis samarTlis kanonTan. danaSaulad iTvle-
ba mxolod iseTi saSiSi qmedeba, romelic kanoniT aris kriminalizirebu-
li. es niSani aRniSnavs ara marto imas, rom CvenTvis saintereso qmedeba,
principSi, saSiSroebas warmoadgens romelime faseulobisaTvis, aramed ima-
sac, rom arsebobs kanoni, romelic aRwers arasasurveli qcevis niSnebs da
iTvaliswinebs sisxlis samarTlebriv pasuxismgeblobas aseTi qmedebisaT-
vis. sisxlis samarTlis kanonmdebloba specifikuria im kuTxiT, rom masSi
formulirebulia ara savaldebulo, aramed amkrZalavi normebi. isini krZa-
laven im qmedebebis Cadenas, romlebic aRwerilia sisxlis samarTlis kanon-
mdeblobaSi.
Tu aklia danaSaulis Tundac erTi niSani, maSin ar arsebobs arc danaSa-
uli. danaSaulis niSnebi sisxlis samarTlis devnis dawyebis safuZvels war-
moadgens:
1. Cadenili qmedeba miiCneva saSiSad 2. qmedeba ewinaaRmdegeba sisxlis samar-

arsebuli faseulobebisaTvis, Tum- Tlis kodeqss, Tumca ar aris saSiSi
ca ar ewinaaRmdegeba sisxlis samar- arsebuli faseulobebis sistemisaTvis,
Tlis kodeqss. mas zians ar ayenebs.
zogierTi danaSaulebrivi qmedebis mokle mimoxilva
cneba – `danaSauli adamianis sicocxlis da janmrTelobis winaaRmdeg~

(romelic safrTxes uqmnis adamianis sicocxles da janmrTelobas).
sisxlis samarTlis erT-erTi ZiriTadi amocana – adamianis da misi yve-
laze ufro mniSvnelovani faseulobebis dacva danaSaulebrivi ganzraxvi-
sagan. litvis respublikis konstituciaSi aRniSnulia, rom adamianis sicos-
xles icavs kanoni, adamianis Tavisufleba xelSeuxebelia, adamianis Rirse-
ba kanoniT aris daculi. am debulebebs axorcielebs litvis respublikis
sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsi.
obieqturad, adamianis uflebebi yoveli danaSaulisas irRveva, Tumca
adamianis pirovnebis winaaRmdeg Cadenil danaSaulad iTvleba danaSaule-
bis mxolod is jgufi, romelTa saxeobriv da uSualo (ara damatebiT) obi-
eqts, individi warmoadgens. qveynebis umravlesobis sisxlis samarTlis ko-
deqsebi aRiareben adamianis winaaRmdeg Cadenili danaSaulis upirveleso-
bas. danaSaulis saxeobriv obieqtad iTvleba TviTon adamiani, anu biolo-
giuri arseba, individi. zemoT aRniSnuli danaSaulebis uSualo obieqti Se-
iZleba iyos adamianis sicocxle, janmrTeloba da Rirseba. adamianis wina-
aRmdeg danaSaulis uSualo obieqtebi Semdegnairad iyofa:
1) danaSauli pirovnebis sicocxlis winaaRmdeg (winaswarganzraxuli

mkvleloba, TviTmkvlelobamde miyvana);
2) danaSauli adamianis janmrTelobis winaaRmdeg (sxvadasxva saxis sxe-
ulis dazianebebi, ukanono aborti, daxmarebis gauwevloba adamianis-
Tvis, romelic imyofeba sicocxlisTvis saSiS mdgomareobaSi;)
3) danaSauli adamianis Tavisuflebis winaaRmdeg (bavSvis gataceba an
Secvla, Tavisuflebis ukanono aRkveTa, mZevlebis ayvana);
4) sqesobrivi danaSaulebi (gaupatiureba, qalTan iZulebiTi seqsualu-
ri kontaqtis damyareba, garyvnili qmedebebi);
5) danaSauli adamianis pativisa da Rirsebis winaaRmdeg (ciliswameba, Se-
uracxyofa).
danaSaulis da sisxlis samarTlebrivi qmedebebis cneba saxelmwifo

samsaxuris da sajaro interesebis winaaRmdeg
litvis respublikis sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 33-e muxliT damtki-
cebulia danaSaulis da sisxlis samarTlebrivi qmedebebis Semadgenloba
saxelmwifo samsaxuris da sajaro interesebis winaaRmdeg. litvis respub-
likis konstituciis me-5 muxliT gaTvaliswinebulia – litvis respubli-
kaSi saxelmwifo xelisuflebas axorcielebs seimi, mTavroba da sasamar-
Tlo. saxelisuflebo uflebamosilebebi gansazRvrulia konstituciiT. xe-
lisuflebis organoebi xalxs emsaxurebian. saxelmwifo moxeleebi da Ta-
namdebobis pirebi valdebulni arian, jerovnad Seasrulon TavianTi samsa-
xureobrivi movaleobebi, daicvan dadgenili SromiTi da saxelmwifo dis-
ciplina. amgvarad, xazgasmulia saxelmwifo aparatis mniSvneloba – adami-
anis uflebebis da Tavisuflebebis dacvis da realizaciis garantiebi. sa-
xelmwifos, sazogadoebis da adamianis cxovrebisaTvis gansakuTrebiT mniS-
vnelovania qmediTi, stabiluri konstituciis, kanonmdeblobis da sxva sa-
marTlebrivi aqtebis Sesabamisad moqmedi saxelmwifo aparati, rac bevrad
aris damokidebuli saxelmwifo samsaxurSi momuSave pirebis patiosnebaze,
Semsruleblobasa da pasuxismgeblobaze. saxelmwifo samsaxuris Sesaxeb ka-
nonis I nawilis me-4 statiiT dadgenilia, rom litvis respublikis saxel-
mwifo samsaxuri efuZneba kanonis uzenaesobis, Tanasworuflebianobis, po-
litikuri neitralitetis, gamWvirvalobis da karieris principebs. samsa-
xurSi CamoTvlili principebis dacva iZleva adamianis uflebebis, Tavisuf-
lebebis, interesebis dacvis, sazogadoebis, kanonierebis, ekonomikuri ke-
TildReobis da a.S. realur garantiebs.
saxelmwifo samsaxuris TanamSromlebi valdebulni arian adamianebs Se-
sabamisi sajaro momsaxureba gauwion. Tumca, TavianTi movaleobebis Seus-
ruleblobis, arajerovnad, arakeTilsindisierad Sesrulebis, an samsaxu-
reobrivi mdgomareobis sakuTari interesebisaTvis gamoyenebis SemTxveva-
Si, isini dezorganizacias ukeTeben, arRveven saxelmwifo samsaxuris muSa-
obas sxvadasxva sferoSi da sxvadasxva doneze, aCereben an xels uSlian mniS-
vnelovani proeqtebis, kanonebis ganxorcielebas. amgvarad, pirdapir an
iribad irRveva adamianis uflebebi da Tavisuflebebi, zaraldeba sazoga-
doebis yvela wevris materialuri keTildReoba da a.S. xazgasasmelia isic,
rom saxelmwifo samsaxuris danaSaulebrivi xelyofis Sedegebis masStabi

pirdapir kavSirSia damnaSavis mier dakavebul TanamdebobasTan: saxelmwi-
fo samsaxuris ufro maRali Tanamdebobis pirebis mier Cadenili danaSau-
lebrivi qmedebebi ufro mZime Sedegebs iwveven, gansakuTrebiT politiku-
ri TvalsazrisiT. Sesabamisad, saxelmwifo samsaxuris winaaRmdeg mimarTu-
li danaSaulebi amaxinjeben an uaryofen konstituciis debulebebs imis Ta-
obaze, rom saxelmwifo samsaxurebi unda emsaxurebodnen xalxs, rac xal-
xis ndobis dakargvas iwvevs ara marto saxelmwifo samsaxuris, aramed mTli-
anad saxelmwifos mimarT.
saxelmwifo samsaxuris winaaRmdeg Cadenili danaSauli im pirTa saSiS
qmedebas warmoadgens, romlebsac garkveuli Tanamdebobebi ukaviaT saxel-
mwifo samsaxurSi da sargebloben ra amiT, mniSvnelovan zarals ayeneben sa-
xelmwifos interesebs an sxva adamianebs. zemoT aRniSnuli danaSaulebi yo-
velTvis dakavSirebulia subieqtis samsaxureobriv mdgomareobasTan. dam-
naSaves saxelmwifo samsaxurSi ukavia gansazRvruli Tanamdeboba da amitom
SeiZleba iTvlebodes aseTi danaSaulis subieqtad. amgvarad, danaSauli sa-
xelmwifo samsaxuris winaaRmdeg, msgavsi danaSaulebisagan gansxvavebiT, ma-
galiTad, ramdenime saxelmwifo danaSaulisgan an mmarTvelobis wesis wi-
naaRmdeg mimarTuli danaSaulisgan, Cadenilia imave organoebis TanamSro-
melTa mier, anu maT normalur muSaobaze Tavdasxma Signidan xorcieldeba.
zustad samsaxureobrivi mdgomareoba aZlevs SesaZleblobas subieqts, da-
kavebuli iyos qmedebiT, romelic saxelmwifo samsaxuris winaaRmdeg Cade-
nili danaSaulis obieqturi mxaris niSnad iTvleba.
garkveuli saxis dakavebuli Tanamdebobebi da uflebamosilebebi saxel-
mwifo samsaxurSi danaSaulebrivi qmedebis, anu samsaxureobrivi interese-
bis sawinaaRmdego qmedebis Casadenad gamoiyeneba. aseTi moqmedebebi ar-
Rvevs saxelmwifo samsaxuris principebs, xels uSlis saxelmwifo samsaxu-
ris organoebis normalur saqmianobas, ewinaaRmdegeba saxelmwifo samsa-
xuris movaleobebs da funqciebs. zogierT SemTxvevebSi, aseTi danaSauli
xdeba sakuTari samsaxureobrivi uflebamosilebis an kompetenciis pirda-
piri gamoyenebis saSualebiT, sxva SemTxvevebSi – danaSaulebrivi qmedeba
xorcieldeba subieqtis ara samsaxureobrivi uflebamosilebis sferoSi,
magram sxva subieqtebis samsaxurze ukanono qmedebisaTvis zewolis saSua-
lebiT. saxelmwifo samsaxurSi dakavebul Tanamdebobas, mis xasiaTs da mniS-
vnelobas, rogorc wesi, uSualo kavSiri aqvT danaSaulebrivi samsaxure-
obrivi darRvevis xasiaTTan, masStabTan da mis SedegebTan. amasTan erTad,
aRsaniSnavia, rom saxelmwifo samsaxuris winaaRmdeg Cadenili danaSaulis
Sedegad zaraldeba ara marto saxelmwifo samsaxuris mimarT wayenebuli
kanoniT damtkicebuli saerTo moTxovnebi, aramed ar sruldeba an araje-
rovnad sruldeba specialuri moTxovnebi, romlebic damtkicebulia sxva
samarTlebrivi aqtebiT, magaliTad, samsaxureobrivi wesdebebiT an Tanam-
debobrivi instruqciebiT.
Tavad dasaxeleba – `danaSauli saxelmwifo samsaxuris winaaRmdeg~ – ara
marto xsnis xsenebuli danaSaulis saxeobriv obieqts, aramed gansazRvravs
sferos, romelSic SeiZleba iyos Cadenili danaSauli. saxelmwifo samsaxu-
ris Sesaxeb litvis respublikis kanonis Sesabamisad, saxelmwifo samsaxu-
ri aris saxelmwifo moxeleebis saqmianoba saxelmwifo organoebSi an da-

wesebulebebSi, romlebic axorcieleben sajaro administrirebis, sameur-
neo an teqnikur funqciebs anda sajaro momsaxurebas uweven sazogadoebas.
saxelmwifo an TviTmmarTvelobis organoebi – warmomadgenlobiTi xeli-
sufleba, saxelmwifos meTauri, aRmasrulebeli xelisufleba, sasamarTlo
xelisufleba, kontroli. amgvarad, saxelmwifo samsaxuri warmoadgens sa-
jaro mmarTvelobis, keTilmowyobis da momsaxurebis sferos. saxelmwifo
samsaxuris saqmianobasa da urTierTobebSi pirvel adgilze dgas sajaro
interesi. sazogadoebis arsebobis da ganviTarebis erT-erTi umniSvnelo-
vanesi pirobaa sajaro interesis cxovrebaSi ganxorcieleba, romelic aRi-
arebulia saxelmwifos mier da sazogadoebrivi interesis samarTlebrivi
dacvis qveS imyofeba.
saxelmwifo samsaxuris winaaRmdeg Cadenili danaSaulis adgili ar aris
aucilebeli yovelTvis damnaSavis samuSao adgili iyos. damnaSaves, rome-
lic samsaxureobrivi mdgomareobiT sargeblobs, kavSirebiT da avtorite-
tiT SeuZlia sxva pirebs danaSaulebrivi qmedebis Cadenisaken ubiZgos.
imdenad, ramdenadac, saxelmwifo samsaxuris winaaRmdeg Cadenili dana-
Sauli (garda samsaxureobrivi movaleobebis Seusruleblobisa) yvelaze
xSirad gamovlindeba rogorc qmedeba, romlis Cadenis drosac saxelmwi-
fo organoebSi samsaxuri gamoiyeneba angarebiani piradi miznebiT da es xde-
ba saxelmwifo interesebis winaaRmdeg, aseTi danaSaulebi xasiaTdeba,
agreTve, rogorc korufciuli. xazi unda gaesvas imasac, rom xsenebuli da-
naSaulebi xSirad atareben saerTaSoriso xasiaTs (magaliTad, ucxouri
investiciebis, kreditebis regulireba, xelSekrulebebis dadeba momsaxu-
rebaze, SekveTebis miReba, privatizaciis procesi ucxouri kapitalis mo-
zidviT).
saxelmwifo samsaxuris winaaRmdeg Cadenili danaSaulis cnebis Sesaba-
misad, maT saxeobriv obieqtad unda CaiTvalos samarTlebrivi saxelmwifos
Sesabamisi ltolva normaluri, efeqturi, avtoritetuli, konstituciis
Sesabamisi kanonmdeblobisaken. zemoT xsenebuli danaSaulebis uSualo obi-
eqts calkeuli saxelmwifo dawesebulebebis da organoebis normaluri,
efeqturi, avtoritetuli saqmianoba warmoadgens, romelic xorcieldeba
konstituciis, kanonmdeblobis da sxva samarTlebrivi aqtebis Sesabamisad;
magaliTad, wesdebebis da Tanamdebobrivi instruqciebis Sesabamisad.
saxelmwifo samsaxuris winaaRmdeg Cadenili danaSaulis obieqturi mxa-
re, rogorc wesi, mJRavndeba aqtiur moqmedebebSi. saxelmwifo samsaxuris
winaaRmdeg Cadenili zogierTi danaSaulis (qrTamis aReba, qrTamis micema
Suamavlis saSualebiT) Semadgenloba aRiwereba, rogorc formaluri. Tum-
ca, es ar niSnavs imas, rom xsenebuli danaSaulebi ar iwveven Sedegebs. sa-
xelmwifo samsaxuris winaaRmdeg Cadenili nebismieri danaSauli aucileb-
lad xels uSlis saxelmwifo an municipaluri organoebis, dawesebulebe-
bis normalur saqmianobas, azaralebs maT avtoritets. xSirad, Sedegebi
aSkara an sxvadasxvagvaria, xolo zogjer miiReba da sagrZnobi xdeba dana-
Saulebrivi qmedebis Cadenidan xangrZlivi drois Semdeg. amitom, isini ar
Sedian calkeuli danaSaulebis SemadgenlobaSi. amgvarad, xsenebuli dana-
Saulebis obieqtis SemadgenlobaSi, danaSaulis saSiSroebaSi, warmoqmnil
SedegebSi da Sedegebis gamovlinebebSi ivaraudeba saxelmwifo samsaxuris

winaaRmdeg Cadenili danaSaulis specialuri subieqti – saxelmwifo samsa-
xuris TanamSromeli an saxelmwifo samsaxuris Tanamdebobis piri.
saxelmwifo samsaxuris Sesaxeb kanoniT dadgenilia, rom saxelmwifo mo-
xele aris fizikuri piri, romelsac miRebuli aqvs saxelmwifo moxelis sta-
tusi, romelic damtkicebulia litvis respublikis kanoniT saxelmwifo
samsaxuris Sesaxeb da sxva kanonebiT; romelic asrulebs saxelmwifo da mu-
nicipalur organoebsa da dawesebulebebSi sameurneo da teqnikur an saja-
ro administrirebis funqciebs an dakavebulia sajaro momsaxurebis gawe-
viT.
saxelmwifo samsaxuris winaaRmdeg Cadenili danaSaulis subieqturi mxa-
re kanonSi daxasiaTebulia rogorc ganzraxva, xolo xsenebuli danaSaule-
bis SemadgenlobaSi aucilebel niSnad miTiTebulia angarebiTi an piradi
miznebi. saxelmwifo samsaxuris winaaRmdeg Cadenil danaSaulSi ganzrax-
vis Semadgenloba ramdenime momentisagan Sedgeba. damnaSaves:
1) gaazrebuli aqvs, rom aris saxelmwifo samsaxuris TanamSromeli;
2) gaazrebuli aqvs sakuTari uflebamosilebebi, valdebulebebi, fun-
qciebi, romelTa Sesrulebasac avaldebulebs kanonmdebloba, sxva sa-
marTlebrivi aqtebi, romlebic aregulireben saxelmwifo samsaxurs;
3) gaazrebuli aqvs, rom mis samsaxureobriv qmedebebs SeiZleba moyves
samarTlebrivi an sxva Sedegebi;
4) gaazrebuli aqvs, rom mis mier Cadenili (an ar Cadenili) qmedebebi
aWarbeben mis uflebamosilebas, kompetencias da ewinaaRmdegebian sam-
saxureobriv interesebs;
5) gaazrebuli aqvs, ra zianis miyeneba SeuZlia mis ukanono qmedebas sam-
saxureobrivi mdgomareobis gamoyenebisas;
6) gaazrebuli aqvs, rom aseTi qmedeba dakavSirebulia saxelmwifo sam-
saxurSi dakavebul TanamdebobasTan an warmoadgens mis ganuyofel na-
wils. amitom, sxva saziano Sedegebis garda azaralebs saxelmwifo sam-
saxuris avtoritetsac;
7) swrafva aqvs ukanono qmedebis Cadenisaken. SedegebTan mimarTebaSi
damnaSavis ganzraxva, ufro xSirad, ar konkretdeba. Tu aRwerilia sa-
xelmwifo samsaxuris winaaRmdeg Cadenili danaSaulis formaluri Se-
madgenloba, damnaSavis fsiqikuri mdgomareoba xasiaTdeba mxolod
qmedebasTan mimarTebaSi.
saxelmwifo samsaxuris winaaRmdeg Cadenil calkeul danaSaulSi (maga-
liTad, qrTamis aReba, ukanono monawileoba sawarmoebis komerciul an fi-
nansur saqmianobaSi) angareba ar aris gamyarebuli aucilebeli niSniT. Tum-
ca, zemoT xsenebuli danaSaulis Cadenis xasiaTi, garemoebebi da subieqtu-
ri mxare swored angarebian motivebs gulisxmobs.
219
gintare Satene
samewarmeo eTikis aspeqtebi
sagnis daniSnuleba:
1. samewarmeo samarTlis cnebebis, wyaroebis da sistemis gacnoba.
2. samewarmeo sferoSi samarTlebrivi urTierTobebis ganxilva da sa-
mewarmeo samarTlis subieqtebi, maTi samarTlebrivi statusi.
3. sawarmoebis, dawesebulebebis reorganizaciis, saqmianobis licenzi-
rebis, likvidaciis saxeebis gaanalizeba.
4. sawarmoebis gakotrebisa da likvidaciis procesis gacnoba.
5. pasuxismgeblobis sakiTxis ganxilva komerciul urTierTobebSi.
6. samewarmeo eTikis ZiriTadi aspeqtebis ganxilva (eTikis cneba, obieq-
ti da funqciebi, misi mniSvneloba sajaro administrirebaSi da mewar-
meobaSi, saxelmwifo moxeleebis profesiuli eTikis principebi da fa-
seulobebi, sajaro administrirebis eTikis diskreciis mniSvneloba).
7. eTikuri problemebis da misi mizezebis gacnoba.
samewarmeo sferoSi korufciis ganxilvis mizniT damatebiT Semdegi qve-
Temebi unda gamoiyos:
1. korufcia, rogorc samewarmeo eTikis problema.
2. korufciis done da masStabi litvaSi.
3. korufciis mizezebi da Sedegebi.
4. saxelmwifo samsaxuris borotad gamoyeneba.
5. eTikasTan dakavSirebuli praqtikuli problemebis da situaciebis
analizi.
6. antikorufciuli saqmianoba, misi mimarTulebebi.
literatura
1. Bakenas L., “Valdininkai ir iššukis etikai”, Mokslas ir gyvenimas, 1996, Nr. 3.
2. Rose-Ackerman S., Korupcija ir valdžia: priežastys, padariniai ir reforma. Vilnius:
Vaga, 2001.
praqtikuli samuSao
davaleba 1. Tqveni azriT, ra mizezebi ganapirobebs korufcias? aRniSneT,
eTanxmebiT Tu ara qvemoT moyvanil mtkicebulebebs.
gare faqtorebi Sida faqtorebi

• mentalitetis dabali done • moqalaqeebis daucveloba informaci-
• samoqalaqo cnobierebis dabali done is borotad gamoyenebis Tvalsazri-
• sazogadoebis gaurkveveli da saeWvo siT
damokidebuleba korufciis mimarT • kontrolis dabali xarisxi
• sajaro moxeleebis mxridan korufci- • samuSaos arasworad organizeba
asTan brZolis dabali xarisxi • kvalifikaciis dabali done
• moqalaqeebis pasiuroba antikoruf- • naTlad gamoxatuli Zalauflebis da-
ciul RonisZiebebSi bali done
• mankieri kanonmdeboba da kanonebSi • susti administrireba
xSiri cvlilebebi • rotaciis principis ararseboba
• dausjelobis sindromi • karieruli zrdis xelisSemwyobi sis-
• kontrolis da mowmeTa dacvis progra- tema
mebis araefeqturi sistema • naklebad ganviTarebuli Sida da gare
• iuridiuli procedurebis araefeqtu- audituri/Semowmebis sistema
rad gatareba • gamWvirvaled gadawyvetilebebis mi-
• sajaro moxeleebis samsaxurSi arae- Rebis araefeqturoba
feqturad miReba da daTxovna
• sajaro moxeleebSi profesionalizmi-
sa da eTikuri normebis dabali done
• umuSevroba
• janmrTelobis dazRvevis araefeqtu-
ri sistema
• sajaro moxeleebis dabali xelfasi
davaleba 2. SeafaseT, raze moaxdenen zegavlenas tradiciuli antikoruf-

ciuli RonisZiebebi.
korufciis donis Semcirebaze raze moaxdens zegavlenas? (CawereT)

mimarTuli RonisZiebebi
didi jarimebis dakisreba da pasuxis-

mgeblobis gazrda
CinovnikebisaTvis xelfasis gazrda
spec-samsaxurebisaTvis dafinansebis
gazrda
`cxeli xazis~ amoqmedeba
sazogadoebis gaTviTcnobiereba (ko-

rufciis mimarT uaryofiTi damokide-
bulebis Camoyalibeba)
davaleba 3. upasuxeT kiTxvebs:

1. sad gadis zRvari saCuqarsa da qrTams Soris?
2. rogor afasebT iaffasiani nivTebis Cuqebas – kalendari, Ria baraTi,
yava da a.S.?
3. SeuZlia Tu ara saxelmwifo moxeles miiRos saCuqari da gaakeTos amis
saxalxod demonstrireba?
4. aucilebelia Tu ara eTikuri kodeqsis Seqmna saxelmwifo moxeleebi-
saTvis?
5. ra RonisZiebebs unda mimarTon saxelmwifo samsaxuris organoebis
xelmZRvanelebma samagaliTo qcevis wasaxaliseblad da ra sanqciebi
unda gamoiyenon im xelqveiTebTan mimarTebaSi, romelTa qcevac ar Se-
esabameba miRebul normebs?
6. romeli RonisZiebebi da sanqciebi ar aris sakmarisi da romlebs SeiZ-
leba kidev mivmarToT?
7. rogoria korufciasTan brZolis SesaZlo strategia?
222
vaiva zuzaviCute
kerZo interesebi da warmomadgenloba
uwyveti ganaTlebis strategiis kursis moduli
kursi gaTvaliswinebulia zrdasrulTa ganaTlebis fakultetis studen-

tebisaTvis. leqciebs agreTve eswrebian fsiqologiis da sociologiis mo-
mavali bakalavrebi.
kursis zogadi aRwera

kursis daniSnulebaa – wyaroebze dayrdnobiT (mecnieruli literatu-
ra, dokumentebi da a.S.) warimarTos: diskusiebi kerZo interesebis saja-
roobis da dacvis sakiTxebze; argumentirebuli msjeloba uwyveti ganaT-
lebis mniSvnelobaze.
modulis adgili kursSi

mas Semdeg, rac 90-ian wlebSi gamoqveynda j. delorsis angariSi evropa-
Si sazogadoebrivi da ekonomikuri ganviTarebis Sesaxeb, swavlebis ramde-
nime sfero gamoiyo, sadac xazgasmulia: muSaoba da Tanacxovreba, moqala-
qeoba. Tanacxovreba – Sesabamisi socialuri Cvevebis ganviTarebas gulis-
xmobs, romlebic kulturaTaSoris urTierTobas da TanamSromlobas moi-
cavs; moqalaqeobis swavleba (anu, rogor gavxde aqtiuri moqalaqe) – adgi-
lobriv, erovnul da saerTaSoriso doneze sxadasxva saxis problemebis ga-
daWris swavlebas gulisxmobs. socialuri, ekologiuri da politikuri amo-
canebis gadawyveta or aspeqts ukavSirdeba – monawileobas da socialuri
erTianobis ganmtkicebas. moqalaqeobis swavlebaSi imis codna moiazreba,
Tu rogor gamoxatos sakuTari azri pirovnebam demokratiuli sazogadoe-
bisaTvis misaRebi procedurebis daxmarebiT. moqalaqeobriobis arsi, ro-
gorc sakuTari, aseve uaxloesi garemocvis, sxvadasxva gaerTianebis, moZ-
raobebis, sazogadoebis interesebis dacvaSi, agreTve, yvelasTvis saerTo
an unikaluri socialuri faseulobebis, sakuTari da sxvisi uflebebis (mar-
ginaluri jgufebi, arasrulwlovnebi, invalidebi da a.S.) dacvaSi mdgoma-
reobs. imis garantia, rom TiToeuli adamiani, Temis an sazogadoebis Ti-
Toeuli wevri samarTlebriv sazogadoebaSi moqmed normebs icavdes – umniS-
vnelovanesi pirobaa Tanabari SesaZleblobebis sazogadoebis SeqmnisaTvis.
Zalauflebis borotad gamoyeneba socialur-ekonomikuri mowyobis yvela
rgolSia SesaZlebeli: zrdasrul adamians SeuZlia Zalaufleba borotad
gamoiyenos bavSvTan mimarTebaSi, janmrTels – invalidTan, sruluflebi-
an moqalaqes – imigrantTan da a. S. Catarebuli kvlevebidan Cans, rom Zala-
uflebis borotad gamoyeneba gavrcelebulia yvela saxelmwifoSi. evro-
kavSiris ganaTlebis politikasTan dakavSirebul dokumentebSi aRniSnu-
lia, rom iseTi Tvisebebi, rogorebicaa – moqalaqeobrioba, uflebebis dac-
va, movaleobebis sakuTari nebiT Sesruleba – yovelTvis TavisTavad ar ya-
libdeba, amitom am sakiTxs gansakuTrebuli yuradReba unda mieqces.
kursis gavlis Semdeg studentebi:

• erTmaneTisgan ganasxvaveben kerZo da sazogado interesebs;
• gaiazreben, ra daniSnuleba aqvs uwyveti swavlebis strategias indi-
vidis da moqalaqis (TviT) ganaTlebaSi;
• gaiazron moqalaqeobriobis gansazRvreba demokratiul saxelmwi-
foSi;
saaTebis ganawileba
sagnis swavlebas sul eTmoba 8 saaTi (maTgan, 6 saaTi – leqciebi, 1 saaTi
– individualuri muSaoba, 1 saaTi – Sefaseba).
leqciis gafarToebuli gegma
leqcia 1.
1. demokratia: saerTo principebi da gagebis/aRqmis mravalsaxeoba.
2. kerZo da sazogadoebrivi interesi: konfliqti da SeTavseba.
etapi meTodi literatura, saxelmZRvanelo
wina leqcia aqtiuri leqcia warmodgenili iyo argumentebis struqtura
l e q c i i s T v i s damoukidebeli wasakiTxi masala
momzadeba samuSao (teq-
stebis analizi)
leqcia an kon- jgufuri dis- wakiTxuli masalis safuZvelze diskusiis dasawyebad sa-
sultacia kusiebi Wiro kiTxvebi:
ras TvliT yvelaze mniSvnelovnad da ratom?
ra iwvevs eWvs, rasTan dakavSirebiT ikamaTebdiT?
daasabuTeT Tqveni Sexeduleba
kiTxvebi diskusiis gasaviTareblad:
rogor daaxasiaTebdiT kerZo da sazogadoebriv interesebs?
aRniSnuli TvalsazrisiT, ra ufro mniSvnelovania lit-
visTvis? ratom?
gamijnulia Tu ara Tqvens qveyanaSi sazogadoebrivi da
sajaro interesebi?
sad gadakveTen isini erTmaneTs?
romel sferoebSi unda gadaikveTon isini?
romel sferoebSi ar unda gadaikveTon isini da ratom?
diskusiis gan- kiTxvebi diskusiis ganzogadebisaTvis:
zogadeba ra roli akisriaT ganaTlebis muSakebs, zrdasrulTa
maswavleblebs, im sferoebSi, sadac kerZo da sazogado-
ebrivi interesebi ar unda gadaikveTos?
ratom aris es msjeloba mniSvnelovani demokratiul sa-
zogadoebaSi?
leqcia adamianis uflebebis da moqalaqeobriobis konteqstTan
kavSirSi analizi ukeTdeba sajaro da kerZo interese-
bis cnebas, demokratiul sazogadoebaSi kerZo intere-
sebis gamovlenis Sesabamis formebs
ganzogadeba diskusiebsa da sakiTxav masalaze dayrdnobiT ganzoga-
deba xdeba, romeli kanonieri da sazogadoebisaTvis mi-
saRebi saSualebiT iqneboda SesaZlebeli kerZo intere-
sebis dacva da ratom aris es mniSvnelovani demokrati-
uli sazogadoebisaTvis?
leqcia 2.
1. warmomadgenloba demokratiul sazogadoebaSi.
2. kerZo interesebis gamovlenis formebi sazogadoebriv sivrceSi.
3. moqalaqeobrioba: warmoSoba, mravalgvaroba da ZiriTadi Semadgene-
li cnebebi.

wina leqcia aqtiuri leqcia ganixileboda sajaro da kerZo interesebis
cnebebi
leqciisTvis mom- damoukidebeli wasakiTxi masala
zadeba muSaoba (teqstebis
da rekomendirebu-
li literaturis
analizi)
jgufuri diskusi- kiTxvebi diskusiis dasawyebad:
leqcia an konsul- ebi ras TvliT yvelaze mniSvnelovnad da ratom?
tacia ra iwvevs eWvs, raze ikamaTebdiT?
daasabuTeT Tqveni azri.
kiTxvebi diskusiis gasagrZeleblad:
ra saxis problemebi eqmnebaT Cvens qveyanaSi
calkeul pirovnebebs da vin icavs maT ufle-
bebs?
romel arasamTavrobo organizaciebs icnobT?
Tu Tqven CarTuli xarT romelime arasamTavro-
bo organizaciis saqmianobaSi, gagvacaniT misi
miznebi, saqmianobis formebi, miznobrivi jgufe-
bi. gagviziareT gamocdileba, advilia Tu ara
sxvisi interesebis dacva?
aqtiuri moqalaqis (TviT)-aRzrdis ra saSuale-
bebi arsebobs Cvens qveyanaSi uwyveti ganaTle-
bis strategiis TvalsazrisiT? moiyvaneT maga-
liTebi, rogor gamoxataven moqalaqeebi TavianT
nebas? ra mizezebiT ar iyeneben zogjer moqala-
qeebi TavianT SesaZleblobebs an uflebebs?
diskusiis ganzoga- kiTxvebi diskusiis ganzogadebisaTvis:
deba piradi, socialuri an profesiuli saqmianobis
romeli aspeqtebis swavlebas unda iTvaliswineb-
des uwyveti ganaTleba?
j. habermasis socialuri swavlebis Teoria; sa-

aqtiuri leqcia zogadoebrivi organizaciebi demokratiul sa-
zogadoebaSi; moqalaqeobriobis cnebis arsi da
mravalmxrivoba; samoqalaqo saqmianobis gamov-
lineba.
ganzogadeba sakiTxavi teqstebis masalebis, diskusiebis da

leqciebis safuZvelze xdeba uwyveti ganaTle-
bis strategiis – samoqalaqo aqtivobis waxali-
sebis – ganzogadeba.
leqcia 3.
uwyveti ganaTlebis strategiis moqalaqeobriobis memorandumi – xan-
dazmuloba Tu aRzrdis procesSi gamovlenili momenti?
wina leqcia aqtiuri leqcia ganixileboda moqalaqeobriobis cneba, moqala-

qeTa moRvaweoba, pasuxismgebloba, valdebule-
bebi, uflebebi da maTi gamoyeneba.
leqciisTvis mom- damoukidebeli wasakiTxi masala

zadeba muSaoba (momza-
debuli teqstebis
da rekomendire-
buli literatu-
ris analizi)
leqcia an konsul- aqtiuri leqcia socialuri cxovrebis mravalferovneba evro-

tacia kavSirSi. uwyveti ganaTleba, rogorc identifi-
kaciis da TviTdamkvidrebis saSualeba.
jgufuri diskusi- kiTxvebi diskusiis dasawyebad:

ebi ra da ratom geCvenebaT yvelaze mniSvnelovnad?
ra iwvevs eWvebs, raze ikamaTebdiT?
daasabuTeT Tqveni azri.
kiTxvebi diskusiis gasagrZeleblad:

ra argumentebi arsebobs imis dasamtkiceblad,
rom uwyveti ganaTlebis yuradRebis centrSia
moqalaqeobrioba, erTad muSaobis unari, kul-
tura?
Tanacxovrebis da erTad muSaobis swavlebis ro-
mel aspeqtebs gausvamdiT xazs gansakuTebiT?
ratom?
diskusiis ganzo- teqstebis da diskusiebis safuZvelze xdeba Ti-

gadeba, leqciebi Toeuli adamianis unarebis da SesaZleblobebis
ganzogadeba, ramdenad SeuZliaT gaiRrmavon
profesiuli da piradi, aseve moqalaqeobrivi
kompetenciebi.
leqciis ganzogadeba
mas Semdeg, rac andragogikis (zrdasrulTa ganaTleba) specialobis mo-
mavali bakalavrebis saswavlo programaSi warmodgenili iqneba uwyveti ga-
naTlebis strategiis kursis moduli `kerZo interesebi da warmomadgen-
loba~, studentebs sTxoveT, ifiqron ganxilul Temebsa da warmarTul dis-
kusiebze.
5-7 kacian jgufebSi muSaobisas studentebma unda miuTiTon, romel do-
neze SeuZlia andragogs, zrdasrulTa maswavlebels, sakuTari wvlili Se-
itanos samoqalaqo sazogadoebis formirebaSi:
• individis done: aq yvelaze mTavaria individis pasuxismgebloba;
• Temis done: aq mniSvnelovania rogorc individis, aseve aRmzrdelo-
biTi da saxelmwifo organoebis, agreTve araformaluri organizaci-
ebis roli;
• ekonomikis done: harmoniuli da mdgradi ganviTarebis misaRwevad
mniSvnelovania profkavSirebis, organizaciebis mondomeba, agreTve
saxelmwifos mier SemuSavebuli efeqturi strategia.
zrdasrulTa maswavleblis pasuxismgebloba studentebma Semdegnairad
gansazRvres:
• motivacia – magaliTad: kompetenciis srulyofis mniSvnelobaSi ada-
mianis darwmunebis gziT; organizaciaSi adamianuri resursis mniSvne-
lobis demonstrirebis gziT; cvlilebebisa da siaxleebis danergvis
aucileblobaSi darwmunebis gziT; axali kompetenciis praqtikasTan
kavSirSi demonstrirebis gziT;
• Tanadgoma swavlebis procesSi – magaliTad: drois sworad ganawile-
bis swavlebis gziT; damoukidebeli muSaobis Cvevebis CamoyalibebaSi
daxmarebis gziT; swavlebisaTvis realuri pirobebis Seqmnis gziT
(adgili, dro, saSualebebi); swavlebisaTvis aucilebeli da usafrTxo
garemos Seqmnis gziT (sasiamovno atmosfero, konfidencialoba); swav-
lebis mravalferovani SesaZleblobebis Sesaxeb informirebis gziT;
• moqalaqeobrivi pozicia – magaliTad: aRzrdisas ar ixelmZRvanelos
konkurenciis principebiT; waaxalisos moqalaqeobrivi aqtivoba; mas-
wavleblebis momzadebisas yuradReba gaamaxvilos samoqalaqo pasu-
xismgeblobaze; daexmaros adamianebs organizaciebSi adaptirebaSi.
227
romas prakapasi
korufciaze, rogorc eTikuri kodeqsis

problemaze, msjeloba
profesiuli eTikis kursis leqcia
mizani
studentebi gaecnobian eTikur kodeqsebs, rogorc moraluri proble-
mebis gadaWris wyaroebs.
1. studentebi iazreben, rom sxvadasxva sferos specialistebi TavianT
saqmianobas, rogorc wesi, garkveul dadgenil faseulobebze, SeTan-
xmebebze afuZneben; rom sxvadasxva organizaciis an profesiis war-
momadgenlebi xSirad qmnian principebs, deklaraciebs, eTikur kodeq-
sebs da a.S. eseni garkveuli imperativebia, romlebic exmarebaT, for-
malurad uzrunvelyon konkretuli jgufis profesiuli qceva. pali-
dauskaites azriT, eTikuri kodeqsis misia sazogadoebasa da calke
aRebuli profesiis an organizaciis warmomadgenelTa Soris forma-
luri urTierTobebis xelSewyoba da urTierTdamokidebulebis gan-
sazRvraa. urTierTdamokidebulebis gansazRvris aucilebloba
mkveTrad vlindeba sxvadasxva saxis krizisis, skandalis da gansakuT-
rebiT – eTnikuri sakiTxebis gadawyvetis dros. problemebis umrav-
lesoba xom nawilobriv gamowveulia garkveuli mosazRvre situaci-
ebiT, roca dadgenili faseulobebi gadajaWvulia samarTlebriv
problemebTan (tyuili, korufcia, borotad gamoyeneba, interesTa
konfliqti da a.S.)
2. studentebi jgufebad iyofian. TiToeuli jgufi profesiuli eTi-
kis kodeqss ganixilavs (yvela jgufi sxvadasxva kodeqsze muSaobs):
Seiswavlis, gamoyofs maT miznebs, faseulobebs, principebs, upira-
tesobebs da naklovanebebs.
3. jgufebi TavianT namuSevrebs warmoadgenen da amasTan erTad avseben
cxrils:
eTikis kodeqsi
miznebi faseulobebi principebi
upiratesoba naklovaneba
diskusiis msvlelobisas gamoikveTeba eTikuri kodeqsebis ZiriTadi

miznebi (araeTikuri qcevebis gadakveTa; pasuxismgeblobis sazRvre-
bis gansazRvra; eTikuri qcevis waxaliseba; moraluri normebis Ses-
ruleba; disciplinis gansazRvra; gadawyvetilebis miRebaSi CarTu-
loba; sazogadoebaSi ndobis mopoveba da profesiuli imijis amaRle-
ba), faseulobebi da principebi (zrunva, keTilganwyoba, patiosneba,
angariSvaldebuleba, samarTlianoba, pativiscema, pasuxismgebloba,
moqalaqeobrioba da a.S.), upiratesobebi da naklovanebebi.
4. studentebs urigdebaT teqstebi, romlebic dakavSirebulia koruf-
ciis cnebasTan. miewodebaT sqema (korufcia=monopolia + saidumlo-
eba – pasuxismgebloba), ris safuZvelzec korufcia (saCuqari, qrTa-
mi, individualuri an sistemuri korufcia) ganixileba, rogorc eTi-
kuri problema.
korufcia
monopolia + saidumloeba – pasuxismgebloba
sur. 1. korufciis cnebis sqema
5. eTikuri kodeqsebis miznebis, faseulobebis, principebis gamovlenis

da korufciis cnebis garkvevis Semdeg, studentebi iReben davalebas:
eTikuri kodeqsebidan gamoyon korufciis prevenciis SesaZleblobe-
bi. eTikis kodeqsebTan muSaobis procesSi jgufebi avseben cxrils.
korufciis gamovlineba eTikis kodeqsSi mocemuli

prevenciis zomebi
6. jgufebis mier Sesrulebuli davalebebis Sedegebis Sejamebis da mo-

sazrebebis plakatze gamosaxvis Semdeg, mimdinareobs korufciaze,
rogorc problemaze, msjeloba; imarTeba diskusia imaze, Tu ratom
ar icaven zogierTi profesiis warmomadgenlebi miRebul eTikur ko-
deqsebs.
literatura
1. Code of Ethics of the Association of Financial Analysts, http://www..nansai.lt/
About_etika.htm
2. Code of Ethics of Lithuanian Journalists and Publishers, http://www.lzs.lt/
etikoskodeksas.html
3. Code of Ethics of Lithuanian Social Workers. Association of Lithuanian Social Workers,
1998.
4. Code of Conduct for Professional Lawyers, http://advokatas.tinklapis.lt/temos/
etikos_kodeksas. html
5. Code of Professional Ethics of Property Assessors, http://www.atvi.lt/tvt/tvprof.htm
6. Code of Ethics of Psychologists. Vilnius, 1997
7. Code of Ethics of Research Workers and Pedagogues of Kaunas Technological
University, http://www.ktu.lt/lt/ktu/kodeksas.html
8. Code of Honour of Notaries, http://www.notarai.lt/?act=taktai
9. Draft Code of Professional Ethics and Conduct of Lithuanian Politicians, http://
www3.lrs.lt/cgibin/preps2?Condition1=196440&Condition2=
10. Palidauskaite J., Viešojo administravimo etika. Kaunas: Technologija, 2001
11. “Pedagogu etikos kodeksas. Projektas”, Mokykla, 2000, Nr. 11-12, p. 13-16.
12. Phenomenon of Corruption, http://www.stt.lt
13. Socialinio darbo etikos normos ir principai. Kolumbas: TSDF, 1994.
arCeviTi kursis modulebi
231
tadas tamoSunasi
korufcia da misi prevencia
arCeviTi kursi
daniSnuleba, moculoba da sxva sagnebTan kavSiri

kursi gvacnobs korufciis cnebas, mis xasiaTs da gamovlinebebs sxvadas-
xva sferoSi: politika, ekonomika, marTlwesrigi da a.S. garda amisa, moyva-
nilia cnobebi korufciis prevenciis Sesaxeb, formulirebulia prevenci-
is Cvevebi. kursis Sinaarsi agebulia sociologiis, istoriis, samarTlis,
politologiis da sxva socialuri, Tu humanitaruli mecnierebebis safuZ-
velze. kursis xangrZlivoba – 80 saaTi (maTgan 32 saaTi – leqciebi da praq-
tikuli samuSaoebi, 48 saaTi – damoukidebeli muSaoba).
kursis aqtualoba
amcirebs ra ndobas saxelmwifos mimarT, aferxebs ra ekonomikur prog-
ress, zRudavs ra demokratiis ganviTarebas, arTulebs ra individebis saq-
mianobas sxvadasxva sferoSi, korufcia uaryofiT zemoqmedebas axdens qvey-
nis ganviTarebasa da socialur Tanacxovrebaze. ganaTlebis institutis
prevenciuli SesaZleblobebis gaTvaliswinebiT momavali specialistebi-
saTvis aqtualuria korufciis rTul movlenasTan ufro detaluri gac-
noba. garda amisa, kursi sasargebloa socializaciis ufro farTo konteq-
stSi – TiToeul adamians xom met-naklebad aqvs Sexeba korufciasTan, xolo
aseT SemTxvevaSi, aucilebelia adekvaturi da kompetenturi reaqcia.
kursis amocanebi
1. korufciis cnebasTan da mis niSan-TvisebebTan gacnoba sazogadoeb-
rivi cxovrebis sxvadasxva sferoSi, misi gaanalizeba individis, sa-
zogadoebrivi institutebis TvalTaxedviT.
2. korufciis prevenciis samarTlebrivi da organizaciuli safuZvle-
bis ganxilva, prevenciul iniciativebTan gacnoba litvaSi da sazRvar-
gareT.
3. studentebSi korufciuli gamovlinebebis identificirebis unaris
formireba da maTSi moqalaqeobrivi, antikorufciuli poziciis gan-
mtkiceba.
kursis Sinaarsi
Tema 1. `korufciis cneba~
korufcia, rogorc universaluri istoriuli movlena. korufciis gan-
sazRvris mravalferovneba da maTi kavSiri socialur da kulturul kon-
teqstTan. korufciis gansazRvrebis gafarToeba da komentireba. ukanono
dapirebis, SeTavazebis da garigebis cnebis analizi.
Tema 2. `korufciis saxeebi da formebi~

korufciis gamovlenis parametrebi: formebi, gavrcelebis masStabi, gav-
lena. administraciuli, politikuri, saerTaSoriso korufcia, korufcia
kerZo seqtorSi.
Tema 3. `korufciis faqtorebi da pirobebi~

saerTaSoriso ekonomikuri globalizacia, privatizacia, sajaro Sesyid-
vebi. moxmarebis kultura. postsabWoTa qveynebSi faseulobrivi relati-
vizmi. politikuri partiebis da kampaniebis dafinansebaSi gamWvirvalobis
ukmarisoba. nepotizmis tradicia. samoqalaqo sazogadoebis simyife. im sa-
zogadoebrivi institutebis sisuste, romlebic samarTlebrivi pasuxis-
mgeblobis garantias iZlevian.
Tema 4. `korufciis mdgomareoba litvaSi~

korufciis gazomvis meTodika. sociologiuri kvlevebis Sedegebi da
maTi cvlilebebi ukanasknel wlebSi. Seusabamobebi sazogadoebriv azrSi.
saerTaSoriso organizaciebis damokidebuleba korufciasTan. korufci-
is ZiriTadi Sedegebi qveyanaSi: investiciebis efeqturobis Semcireba, kon-
kurenciis SezRudva, Sekrebili gadasaxadebis Tanxis Semcireba, saxelmwi-
fo organoebis mimarT ndobis gaqroba da a.S.
Tema 5. `korufciis prevenciis samarTlebrivi safuZvlebi~

korufciaze pirdapiri da iribi gavlena. interesTa konfliqtis preven-
ciuli RonisZiebebi. qonebis da Semosavlebis deklaracia. sameurneo urTi-
erTobebis gamWvirvaloba. saCuqrebis miRebis da lobisturi saqmianobis
pirobebi. kanonis debulebebi saxelmwifo samsaxuris Sesaxeb. korufcias-
Tan brZolis erovnuli programa. organizaciebi, romlebic muSaoben ko-
rufciis prevenciaze. korufciuli skandalebi litvaSi da maTi samarTleb-
rivi da politikuri Sefaseba. vis mivmarToT, raTa moxdes korufciis Sem-
Txvevaze adekvaturi reagireba?
Tema 6. `politikuri, samoqalaqo, saganmanaTleblo iniciativebi~

korufciis prevenciis kompleqsuri xasiaTi. antikorufciuli strate-
giebi ekonomikuri TanamSromlobisa da ganviTarebis organizaciis qveyneb-
Si (OECD). masobrivi informaciis saSualebebi, rogorc korufciis preven-
ciis faqtori. sazogadoebis mxridan zemoqmedebis mniSvneloba korufci-
is prevenciaze. korufciis prevenciis kavSiri pasuxismgeblobasTan, demok-
ratiasTan, kritikul azrovnebasTan da a.S. antikorufciuli aRzrda da
misi gamocdileba litvaSi.
vrceli gegmebi Temebis mixedviT
Tema 1. `korufciis cneba~

korufcia, rogorc universaluri istoriuli movlena. korufciis gan-
sazRvris mravalferovneba da maTi kavSiri socialur da kulturul kon-
teqstTan. korufciis gansazRvrebis gafarToeba da komentireba. ukanono
dapirebis, SeTavazebis da garigebis cnebis analizi.
amocanebi
1. moxdes korufciis martivi da amave dros amomwuravi gansazRvrebis
formulireba.
2. gamJRavndes korufciis movlenis sirTule da mravalwaxnagoba.
Sesavali leqcia (gegma)

1. korufciis sferoSi gamokvlevebis mniSvnelobis, mocemuli movle-
nis mokle gansazRvrebis (xelisuflebis borotad gamoyeneba piradi
interesebis dasacavad) gacnoba. aqcentis gakeTeba korufcis des-
truqciul gavlenaze. korufciis kompleqsuri buneba – postsabWo-
Ta qveynebis ganviTarebis niSani. am konsteqstSi ganixileba t. g. gros-
sis statia – àntikorufciuli RonisZiebebi ekonomikuri TanamSrom-
lobisa da ganviTarebis organizaciis qveynebSi~, (statiis moZieba Se-
saZlebelia litvis respublikis specialuri gamoZiebebis samsaxuris
vebgverdze: http://www.stt.lt/lt/files/anticorup–1–dalis.pdf da http://www.stt.lt/lt/
files/anticorup–2–dalis.pdf ).
2. korufciis mimarT uaryofiTi damokidebulebis mniSvnelobis gaaz-
reba. maswavleblis roli da funqcia korufciis prevenciaSi. xazgas-
mulia kritikuli analizis mniSvneloba, warmodgenilia ZiriTadi
argumentebi korufciis winaaRmdeg an mis sasargeblod (kvlav SeiZ-
leba mimarToT t. g. grosses publikacias). korufcia moixsenieba so-
cialuri institucionalizaciis konsteqstSic – masTan brZola na-
wilobriv iqceva interesTa gamovlinebis saSualebad (magaliTad, bev-
ri politikosi sargeblobs korufciasTan brZolis devizebiT).
3. mJRavndeba korufciis istoriuli buneba: Zveli aRmosavleTi (admi-
nistraciuli korufciis nimuSebi), orerovani respublika (politi-
kuri korufciis nimuSebi), omis Sua periodis litvis respublika (ga-
fxekili loris saqme, saxarinis saqme, safosto markebis saqme), sabWo-
Ta kavSiri (administraciuli da politikuri korufciis nimuSebi).
xazgasmulia, rom korufciis sruli aRmofxvra SeuZlebelia, Tumca
SesaZlebelia misi donis daweva da kontroli.
4. warmodgenilia korufciis gansazRvrebebi, gaerTianebuli erebis
organizaciis warmomadgenlebis, “Transparensy International”, litveli da
ucxoeli avtorebis formulirebiT, litvis respublikis samarTleb-
rivi aqtebi (kanoni specialuri gamoZiebebis samsaxuris Sesaxeb).
Tema 6. `politikuri, samoqalaqo, saganmanaTleblo iniciativebi~

korufciis prevenciis kompleqsuri xasiaTi. antikorufciuli strate-
giebi gaerTianebuli erebis organizaciis qveynebSi. masobrivi informaci-
is saSualebebi, rogorc korufciis prevenciis faqtori. sazoagdoebis ze-
moqmedebis mniSvneloba korufciis prevenciaze. korufciis prevenciis kav-
Siri pasuxismgeblobasTan, demokratiasTan, kritikul azrovnebasTan da a.S.
antikorufciuli aRzrda da misi gamocdileba litvaSi.
amocanebi
1. Sefasdes korufciis prevenciis SesaZleblobebi.
2. ganmtkicdes antikorufciuli pozicia studentebSi.
xangrZlivoba
Temis ganxilvas eTmoba 8 akademiuri saaTi, xolo damoukidebel muSao-
bas – 10 saaTi.
Sesavali leqcia (gegma)

am leqciaze maswavlebeli axsenebs studentebs wina leqciis ZiriTad
Tezisebs `korufciis prevenciis samarTlebrivi safuZvlebi~ da xazs
usvams im faqts, rom korufciis prevenciis warmateba mis kompleqsuro-
bazea damokidebuli, anu ar aris sakmarisi mxolod samarTlebrivi regu-
lireba da devna, aramed aucilebelia sazogadoebis aqtiuri samoqalaqo
poziciis gamovlena, masobrivi informaciis saSualebebis mxardaWera,
antikorufciuli ganaTleba da sxva iniciativebi. ganixileba masobrivi
informaciis saSualebebis iniciativebis magaliTebi korufciis faqte-
bis gamovlinebis dros (r. paksasTan, seimis wevrebTan dakavSirebuli skan-
dalebi). korufciis kompleqsur xasiaTze saubrisas, upirvelesad aqcen-
ti keTdeba samoqalaqo sazogadoebis simwifis mniSvnelobaze. patiosne-
ba da kanonis dacva erT-erT ZiriTad faqtors warmoadgens, rac yvelaze
metad dasavlur demokratiaSi damkvidrda. samoqalaqo sazogadoebis sim-
wifis mniSvnelobis dasamtkiceblad ganixileba italiis SemTxveva, rome-
lic dawvrilebiTaa ganxiluli r. putnamis gamokvlevaSi – ìmisaTvis, rom
demokratiam imuSaos~.
II. `vqmniT umaRlesi saswavleblebis maswavleblebis

(studentebis) eTikur kodeqss~
1. pirvel seminarze maswavlebeli bolo wlebSi Catarebul kvlevebis
Sedegebze saubrobs, romlebic cxadyofen, rom umaRles saganmanaT-
leblo dawesebulebebSi korufcia sistemur movlenad iqca da xazs
usvams eTikis kodeqsis mniSvnelobas. Semdeg studentebs sTavazobs
savarjiSos – `vqmniT umaRlesi saswavleblebis maswavleblebis (stu-
dentebis) eTikis kodeqss~. SemuSavebul kodeqsSi gaTvaliswinebuli
unda iyos korufciis prevenciac.
2. studentebis raodenobis mixedviT iqmneba ori an oTxi jgufi (1+1 an

2+2) pirveli davaleba: jgufebi ganixilaven aseTi kodeqsebis funqci-
ebs akademiur gaerTianebebSi (SeiZleba gamoiyenoT `gonebrivi ieri-
Sis~ meTodi).
3. jgufebi warmoadgenen dikusiis msvlelobisas maT mier ganxiluli ko-
deqsebis funqciebs, maswavlebeli maT anzogadebs da aZlevs Semdeg
davalebas: Seiswavlon dokumentebi, romlebic gansazRvraven maswav-
leblebis da studentebis saqmianobas litvis respublikaSi (umaRlesi
saswavlo dawesebulebis wesdeba, kanoni ganaTlebis Sesaxeb, kanoni
umaRlesi ganaTlebis Sesaxeb) da sazRvargareT (magaliTad, ucxou-
ri universitetebis wesdebebi). davalebis ZiriTadi mizania zemoT xse-
nebuli dokumentebidan im nawyvetebis amokreba, romlebic pirdapir
an iribad arian dakavSirebuli studentebis da maswavleblebis eTi-
kis sakiTxTan.
4. meore seminaris pirveli davaleba – samuSao jgufebis mier saxlSi
moniSnuli nawyvetebis ganxilva, maTi Sesworeba da kodeqsebis dam-
tkiceba. jgufebi warmoadgenen TavianT mosazrebebs, iweren SeniS-
vnebs da winadadebebs.
5. meore davaleba – xdeba momzadebis stadiaSi myofi kodeqsis pozici-
ebis formulireba, romlebic ar Semoifargleba mxolod ganxiluli
formaluri dokumentebiT. yalibdeba moralis, eTikis debulebebi,
romlebsac xSirad aqvT SedarebiTi xasiaTi. amitom, aucilebelia mo-
sazrebebis aqtiuri SeTanxmeba da ganxilva. samuSao jgufebi warmo-
adgenen TavianT formulirebebs, asabuTeben maT mniSvnelobas, isme-
nen kritikul SeniSvnebs. saSinao davaleba: Seitanon cvlileba-dama-
tebebi da Semdeg seminarze warmoadginon redaqtirebuli teqstebi.
6. maswavlebeli acxadebs, rom momzadebuli kodeqsebis proeqtebi unda
Seafason maTma potenciurma momxmareblebma – maswavleblebma da stu-
dentebma, risTvisac SemoTavazebulia intervius meTodi. Seaxsenebs
intervius ZiriTad moTxovnebs.
7. maswavleblis rCevebze dayrdnobiT jgufis wevri valdebulia, inter-
viu aiRos ramdenime maswavleblisgan da studentisgan, raTa gaarkvi-
os maTi damokidebuleba momzadebul dokumentebTan mimarTebaSi. Se-
saZlebelia, gamoikiTxon administraciis warmomadgenlebic, magali-
Tad, kaTedris gamgeebi, dekanebi da a.S.
8. mesame seminari iwyeba interviuebis dros Sekrebili monacemebis gan-
xilviT. jgufis wevrebs cvlileba-damatebebi SeaqvT Seqmnil doku-
mentSi. Tu, rogorc maswavleblebis, aseve studentebis eTikuri ko-
deqsebis SeqmnaSi monawileobas iRebs or-ori jgufi, maSin muSaobis
mocemul etapze calke dro eTmoba Sexedulebebis SeTanxmebas da
erToblivi dokumentis momzadebas. kidev erTxel xdeba kodeqsebis
saboloo variantebis gadaxedva, stilisturi da gramatikuli Secdo-
mebis Sesworeba.
9. maswavlebeli gadadis Seqmnili kodeqsebis prezentaciis momzadebis
etapze. prezentaciaSi monawileobas miiRebs samuSao jgufis yvela
wevri, romlebic rig-rigobiT gaacnoben sazogadoebas kodeqsebis
punqtebs da komentars gaukeTeben maT.

10.meoTxe seminari eTmoba momzadebuli kodeqsebis akademiuri gaerTi-
anebis winaSe prezentacias, anu mowveuli maswavleblebis, administra-
ciis warmomadgenlebis, studentTa kavSiris xelmZRvanelebis, stu-
dentebis winaSe. prezentacia mimdinareobs winaswar SeTanxmebuli
TanmimdevrobiT. mizanSewonilia, studentebma moiyvanon argumente-
bi, romelTa safuZvelzec moxda TiToeuli punqtis gaTvaliswineba,
magaliTad, respodentTa gamoxmaurebebi da sxva masalebi.
Sefaseba
fasdeba jgufis muSaobaSi monawileobis done, aRebuli interviuebis xa-
risxi, momzadebuli kodeqsebis prezentacia.
meTodis gaazreba
1. maswavleblebis (studentebis) eTikuri kodeqsis Seqmnis procesSi me
gavige, rom...
........................................................................
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viswavle (keTeba, moqmedeba da a.S.)...
........................................................................
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mivxvdi, rom...
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237
ZiriTadi cnebebis leqsikoni

antikorufciuli standartebi – qceviTi da samarTlebrivi normebis
erToblioba, romlebic xels uwyoben korufciuli qcevebis SezRudvas.
antikorufciuli ganaTleba – sazogadoebaSi antikorufciuli damoki-
debulebis formireba.
deviacia – sazogadoebis an jgufisaTvis miRebuli socialuri wesebis da
normebis rRveva.
meqrTameoba – moqmedeba, roca saxelmwifo moxele an masTan gaTanabrebu-
li piri sakuTari an sxvisi interesebis sasargeblod pirdapir an Sua-
mavlis saSualebiT iRebs, pirdeba an molaparakebas awarmoebs, miiRos
qrTami, moiTxovos qrTamis micema an moaxdinos amis provocireba.
samomxmareblo kavSirebi, klientizmi – urTierTsasargeblo kavSirebi
mfarvelsa da sxva pirs an pirTa jgufs (momxmareblebs) Soris da maT So-
ris arsebuli valebulebebis sistema.
korufcia – saxelmwifo Zalauflebis borotad gamoyeneba piradi sargeb-
lis miRebis mizniT.
korufciis saxeobebi saqmianobis sferoebis mixedviT – administraciu-
li, politikuri, kerZo, saerTaSoriso.
korufciis saxeobebi qmedebis mixedviT – biurokratiuli, saregulacio,
prevenciuli, malikvidirebeli Sedegebi.
korufciis amocnoba – korufciis gamovlenis drouli da yovelmxrivi
amocnobis SesaZlebloba.
korufciis prevencia – korufciis gamomwvevi mizezebis da faqtorebis
aRmofxvra.
korufciis gamovlena da samarTlebrivi devna – korufciuli qmedebebis
dadgena, sasjelis samarTlianobis da gardauvlobis principis ganxor-
cieleba.
lobisturi saqmianoba – lobistebis anazRaurebadi saqmianoba, romelic
mimarTulia zemoqmedebis gawevaze samarTlebrivi aqtebis an cvlile-
bebis, damatebebis, maTi araqmediTad aRiarebis sferoSi, axali samar-
Tlebrivi aqtebis miRebaze an armiRebaze. aseTi saqmianobis mizania Sem-
kveTis interesebis gatareba sakuTari uflebebis, an sazogadoebrivi da
saxelmwifo interesebis dacviT.
lobizmi – procesi, romlis drosac xdeba informaciis gacvla da jgufis,
organizaciis an misi nawilis azrebis mitana xelisuflebaSi myof Tanam-
debobis pirebTan (rogorc arCeulebTan, aseve daniSnulebTan) sasargeb-
lo gadawyvetilebis miRebaze gavlenis moxdenis mizniT.
lobisti – lobisturi saqmianobis uflebis mqone piri, sawarmo, dawesebu-
leba, organizacia, romelic Seyvanilia lobistebis siaSi kanoniT dad-
genili wesiT.
nepotizmi – samuSao adgilze naTesavebis, megobrebis da nacnobebis daniS-
vna konkursebis gverdis avliT da TanamSromlis TanamdebobasTan Sesa-
ferisobis principis darRveviT, amiT qveSevrdomobis sistemis Seqmna
fulis gaTeTreba – qmedeba, romlis daxmarebiTac xorcieldeba danaSau-
lebrivi gziT miRebuli fulis dakanonebis an warmomavlobis dafarvis
mcdeloba.
mosyidva – moqmedeba, romelic ukavSirdeba pirdapir an Suamavlebis saSu-

alebiT qrTamis SeTavazebas, dapirebas an micemas saxelmwifo Tanamde-
bobis an masTan gaTanabrebuli pirisaTvis sasurveli miznis misaRwevad.
borotad gamoyeneba – moqmedeba, romlis saSualebiTac saxelmwifo moxe-
le an masTan gaTanabrebuli piri borotad iyenebs samsaxureobriv mdgo-
mareobas an aWarbebs Tavis uflebamosilebas, Tu amis Sedegad saxelmwi-
fos, saerTaSoriso sazogadoebriv organizacias, iuridiul an fizikur
pirs miadgeba didi ziani.
piradi interesebi – saxelmwifos samsaxurSi myofi piris, misi naTesavis
an ojaxis wevris piradi qonebrivi an araqonebrivi daintereseba, romel-
sac SeuZlia gavlena moaxdinos gadawyvetilebis miRebaze samsaxureob-
rivi movaleobebis Sesrulebis dros.
samsaxureobrivi movaleobebis Seusrulebloba – saxelmwifo moxelis an
masTan gaTanabrebuli piris mxridan sakuTari movaleobebis Seusruleb-
loba an arajerovani Sesruleba, ris Sedegadac saxelmwifos, iuridiul
an fizikur pirs didi ziani miadgeba.
saxelmwifo moxele – saxelmwifo samsaxuris Sesaxeb kanonis Sesabamisad sa-
xelmwifo samsaxurSi myofi piri, saxelmwifo politikosi, sajaro adminis-
trirebis saxelmwifo moxele, agreTve sxva piri, romelic muSaobs ra sa-
xelmwifo an municipalur organoebSi an dawesebulebebSi, sasamarTlo an
samarTaldamcav organoebSi, saxelmwifo kontrolis an zedamxedvelobis
organoebSi an maTTan gaTanabrebul organoebSi, asrulebs xelisuflebis
warmomadgenlis funqcias, an aqvs administraciuli uflebamosileba.
saxelmwifo moxelesTan gaTanabrebuli piri – piri, romelsac miniWebuli
aqvs garkveuli uflebamosileba ucxo qveynebis dawesebulebebSi, saerTa-
Soriso sazogadoebriv organizaciebSi an saerTaSoriso sasamarTlo orga-
noSi, agreTve oficialuri kandidati sxsenebul Tanamdebobebze. garda ami-
sa, saxelmwifo moxeles uTanabrdeba piri, romelic muSaobs nebismier sa-
xelmwifo, arasaxelmwifo, an kerZo dawesebulebaSi, organizaciaSi an sa-
warmoSi, an romelic eweva profesiul saqmianobas da aqvs garkveuli ufle-
bamosileba sajaro administrirebis sferoSi, an eweva sajaro momsaxure-
bas, garda sameurneo an teqnikuri funqciebis Semsrulebeli pirisa.
sajaro interesebi – sazogadoebis daintereseba miukerZoebeli da samar-
Tliani gadawyvetilebis miRebaze im pirebis mier, romlebic imyofebian
saxelmwifo samsaxurSi.
sajaro da kerZo interesebis konfliqti – situacia, romlis drosac sa-
xelmwifo samsaxurSi myofi piri Tavisi movaleobebis aRsrulebisas val-
debulia gadawyvetileba miiRos iseT davalebasTan dakavSirebiT, ro-
melic agreTve dakavSirebulia mis pirad interesebTan.
sajaro administrireba – saxelmwifo organoebis da adgilobrivi TviT-
mmarTvelobis organoebis kanonmdeblobiT reglamentirebuli saqmia-
noba, romelic mimarTulia samarTlebrivi aqtebis, adgilobrivi TviT-
mmarTvelobis gadawyvetilebis ganxorcielebisaken, gaTvaliswinebuli
sajaro momsaxurebis administrirebisaken.
sajaro administrirebis principebi – kanonis uzenaesoba, obieqturoba,
Zalauflebis borotad argamoyeneba (ikrZaleba saqmianoba uflebamosi-
lebis arqonis SemTxvevaSi an gadawyvetilebis miRebisas sxva miznebis-
ken swrafva, garda kanonmdeblobiT dadgenilisa).
239
1. htpp://advokatas.tinklapis.lt/temos/etikos_kodeksas.html – advokatTa profesi-
uli kodeqsi
2. http://www..nansai.lt/About_etika.htm – finansuri analitikosebis asociaciis
eTikis kodeqsi
3. http://www.greco.coe.int – saxelmwifoebi korufciis winaaRmdeg (GRECO).
4. http://www.ktu.lt/lt/ktu/kodeksas.html – maswavlebelTa eTikis kodeqsi
5. http://www.lar.lt/Docs/etikoskodeksas.html – auditorTa profesiuli eTikis
kodeqsi
6. http://www.lzs.lt/etikoskodeksas.html – JurnlistTa da gamomcemelTa profe-
siuli eTikis kodeqsi
7. http://www.nobribes.org – veb-gverdi evropisa da aziis Sesaxeb, sadac gan-
Tavsebulia uamravi saintereso antikorufciuli iniciativa, moqme-
di kanonmdebloba da programebi.
8. http://www.notarai.lt/?act=taktai – notariusebis Rirsebis kodeqsi.
9. www.oecd.org – ekonomikuri TanamSromlobisa da ganviTarebis orga-
nizaciis veb-gverdi.
10. http://www.stt.lt – litvis respublikis specialuri gamoZiebis samsaxu-
ri.
11. http://www.tils.lt – litvaSi saerTaSoriso organizaciis “Transparency Inter-
national” veb-gveri.
12. http://www.worldbank.org – msoflio bankis veb-gverdi.
13. http://www3.lrs.lt/cgi-bin/preps2?Condition1=196440&Condition2 – litvis res-
publikaSi politikosTa profesiuli eTikis kodeqsi.

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antikorufciuli aRzrda skolaSi

meToduri saxelmZRvanelo zogadsaganmanaTleblo

aRniSnul saxelmZRvaneloSi moyvanilia magaliTebi litvis respublikis

fondi `Ria daniis ganaTlebis gaerTianebuli litvis

litvis resp. litvis resp. Transparency

ydis dizaini: alvidas ladiga

ydaze – me-9 klaseli moswavlis, odeta patraviCutes, naxati

mTargmneli: manana xuciSvili

daibeWda Sps `petitSi~

© litvis respublikis ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis saministro, 2006

mokled korufciis Sesaxeb 13

antikorufciuli aRzrdis saSualebebi skolaSi 18

antikorofciuli aRzrdis kursis ZiriTadi cnebebi 20

skolaSi antikorufciuli aRzrdis Sinaarsi 23

skolaSi antikorufciuli aRzrdis didaqtikuri rCevebi 29

sxvadasxva saganSi antikorufciuli aRzrdis programis

korufciis fenomeni 123

antikorufciuli aRzrdis integrireba saswavlo programebSi

arCeviTi kursis modulebi

ZiriTadi cnebebis leqsikoni 237

gamoyenebuli literatura 239

es wigni ori nawilisagan Sedgeba, romelic Seiqmna da gamoica litvur ena-

meToduri masalebis Semdgenlebi:

risTvis Seiqmna aRniSnuli meToduri saxelmZRvanelo?

winamdebare saxelmZRvanelo Seiqmna proeqtebis `ganaTleba korufciis

`2. sazogadoiebis antikorufciuli aRzrda xorcieldeba yvela donisa

rogor SeiZleba gamoviyenoT aRniSnuli

saxelmZRvanelos Seqmqmnelebi imedovneben, rom gamocema daexmareba im

saqarTveloSi mimarTeT asociacias `skola – ojaxi – sazogadoeba~ misa-

mokled korufciis Sesaxeb

`gasayidma~ gadawyvetilebebma SeiZleba Zalian bevr rameze iqonios gav-

p. van duini Seecada korufciuli gamovlinebebis klasificireba moex-

warmodgenili klasifikaciis safuZvelze SeiZleba gamoiyos korufciu-

argumentebi korufciis `sasargeblod~ da `sawinaaRmdegod~

gavlena saxelmwifo marTvaze:

• klebulobs politikuri konkurencia, matulobs avtokratuli ideologia;

riT aris gamowveuli korufcia?

antikorufciuli aRzrda skolaSi SeiZleba formalurad an araformalu-

antikorufciuli aRzrdis mizania – im Rirebulebebisa da faseulobe-

antrikorufciuli aRzrdis amocanebi:

• qveynis interesebis, tradiciebisa da Rirebulebebis mimarT saku-

mosalodneli Sedegebi – pirovnebis aRzrda, romelsac gaazrebuli aqvs

korufcia – `saxelmwifo moxelis, an Tanamdebobis piris mier materialuri

korufciis prevencia – korufciis gamomwvevi mizezebisa da xelsayreli

korufciuli xasiaTis danaSaulebrivi qmdeba – meqrTameoba, meqrTame-

meqrTameoba – moxelis an masTan gaTanabrebuli piris mier pirdapir an ara-

borotad gamoyeneba _ moxelis an masTan gaTanabrebuli piris mier samsa-

samsaxureobrivi gulgriloba _ samsaxurebrivi gulgriloba, ese igi mo-

Tanamdebobis piri _ saxelmwifo Tanamdeboba aris saxelmwifo xelisuf-

saxelmwifo moxele – moxele aris piri, romelic iniSneba an airCeva saxazi-

sajaro mosamsaxure _ sajaro mosamsaxure (Semdgom – mosamsaxure) aris

antikorufciuli standartebi – qcevis da sakanonmdeblo normebis erTob-

sazogado interesebi – sazogadoebis daintereseba saxelmwifo moxele-

kerZo interesebi – saxelmwifo samsaxuRSi myofi piris, an kandidatis qo-

interesTa konfliqti – situacia, rodesac saxelmwifo moxele movaleo-

lobizmi – procesi, romlis msvlelobisas xdeba informaciis gacvla, orga-

klientizmi – urTierTobaTa sistema, romelic urTierTsargeblian val-

nepotizmi – naTesavebis, megobrebis, nacnobebis samuSaoze miReba/daniS-

konteqstualuri da viwro midgomebi

saskolo praqtikaSi antikorufciuli aRzrdis minimum ori meTodis ga-

antikorufciuli aRzrdis ZiriTadi Temebi

korufciis cneba. gansazRvrebaTa mravalferovneba. kriteriumebi, ro-

korufciis Sedegebi. korufciis ekonomikuri, socialuri, politiku-